COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

(SO SÁNH CỦA TÍNH TỪ & TRẠNG TỪ )

LÝ THUYẾT :
I. So sánh bằng : (Equal comparison)

1. Khẳng định : AS + Adjective / Adverb + AS

2. Phủ định : NOT SO / AS + Adjective / Adverb + AS

Ex: This exercise is as difficult as that one. She cooks as well as her mother does

He isn’t so/ as intelligent as his brother. John doesn’t work so/ as hard as Mary

II. So sánh hơn (Comparative)

1. Với tính từ & trạng từ ngắn ( có 1 âm tiết)

1.
short ADJ/ ADV + ER + THAN N a m
E x : i s
works harder than his friend.
NOTES

+ Đối với tính từ 1 âm tiết có một phụ âm tận cùng (trừ w,x,z) và trước nó là một nguyên âm, ta phải gấp đôi
phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “ er ”

Ex: big - bigger; red - redder , fat - fatter , sad - sadder, thin - thinner

+ Khi tính từ có 1 âm tiết, tận cùng bằng Y, có phụ âm đi trước, ta đổi Y thành I rồi thêm ER

Ex: dry → drier ; large →larger ; wide → wider

+ Khi tính từ có 2 âm tiết tận cùng bằng Y , LE, OW, ER, ET thì được xem như tính từ ngắn

Ex: happy → happier ; gentle → gentler ; narrow → narrower ; clever → cleverer, quiet →quieter

2. Với tính từ & trạng từ dài ( Gồm từ 2 âm tiết trở lên)

MORE + long Adj / Adv + THAN

Ex : English is more important than other languages

III. So sánh nhất (supperlative)

1.Với tính từ & trạng từ ngắn :

THE + short ADJ/ ADV + EST

Ex: The Nile is the longest river in the world - She ran the fastest in this competition.

2. Với tính từ & trạng từ dài :

THE MOST + long ADJ/ ADV
 Ex: This is the most interesting film . - He speaks French the most fluently.

MỘT SỐ TÍNH TỪ & TRẠNG TỪ BẤT QUI TẮC :

TÍNH TỪ / TRẠNG TỪ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất

Good / Well better the best

Bad / Badly worse the worst

Many / Much more the most

Little less the least

Far farther/ further the farthest/ the furthest

Old Older / elder The oldest / the eldest

SO SÁNH KÉP ( Double comparatives) : Có 2 loại
1- So sánh kép trong bản thân một sự vật , hiện tượng : (……..càng ngày càng ……..)

Short Adj / Adv - ER + AND + short Adj / Adv - ER

MORE AND MORE + Long Adj/ Adv
Ex: The weather is hotter
and hotter. ( Thời tiêt càng ngày càng nóng)
He is running faster and faster.    (Anh ta chạy càng ngày càng nhanh.)
Mrs White becomes more and more beautiful. ( Bà White càng ngày càng trở nên đẹp)
He speaks more and more quickly.
2- So sánh kép liên quan đến hai hay nhiều sự vật , hiện tượng : (.... càng …càng …)

The + comparative + S + V, the + comparative + S + V.

Ex: The fatter they get, the more tired they feel. ( Họ càng mập, học càng cảm thấy mệt)
The more difficult the lesson is, the harder we try. ( Bài học càng khó, chúng ta càng cố gắng)
The larger the house is, the more expensive it is.
The harder we study, the more easily we pass the exam.
The more English vocabulary we know, the better we speak.
The richer she is, the more selfish she becomes.(Càng giàu cô ấy càng trở nên ích kỷ hơn).
EXERCISE 1: Choose the best answer:
1. Ho Chi Minh city is much .................. than Nha trang city.
A. larger B. smaller C. higher D. lower
2. Australia is the .................. continent in the world.
A. large B. smallest C. biggest D. thinner
3. Living in the countryside is .................. than in cities.
A. less peaceful B. more peaceful C. most peaceful D. least peaceful
4. Your car is in .................. condition than mine.
A. worse B. worst C. bad D. good
5. That was the .................. day in my life.
A. excited B. happiness C. happiest D. interesting
6. Hoa doesn’t cook .................. her mother.
A. as bad as B. as good as C. as quick as D. as well as
7. She is the .................. beautiful girl I have ever met.
A. less B. more C. most D. best
8. The Queen of England is one of the .................. women in the world.
A. richer B. richest C. most rich D. as rich as
9. I’m sorry I’m late. It took me .................. to get here than I expected.
A. longer B. further C. more D. less
10. Her illness was more .................. than we first thought.
A. fatal B. important C. severe D. serious
11. Health and happiness are more .................. than money.
A. importantly B. important C. importance D. serious
12. We often go camping when we go on holiday because it’s .............. than staying in a hotel.
A. much cheaper B. more cheaper C. less cheaper D. the most cheapest
13. Please let me know immediately if you hear any .................. news.
A. farther B. further C. extra D. earlier
14. There were .................. people at this meeting than at the last one.
A. less B. much C. many D. fewer
15. That house over there is the .................. building in the town.
A. eldest B. oldest C. ancientest D. antique
16. What’s the .................. film you’ve ever seen?
A. good B. interesting C. best D. boring
17. What’s the .................. river in the world?
A. short B. long C. wide D. longest
18. I stayed in one of the .................. room in the hotel.
A. large B. nicest C. pretty D. nicer
19. Let’s walk. It’s just .................. taking the bus.
A. as quick as B. as soon as C. as fast as D. as early as
20. There’s plenty of food, so eat .................. you like.
A. as many as B. as much as C. as lot as D. as great as
21. Of the four dresses, which is ……………………..expensive?
A. the best B. the most C. the more D. the greater
22. Thank you! That’s ……………. gift I have ever received.
A. the nicer B. a nice C. nicest D. the nicest
23. You must explain your problems ………………………..
A. as clear as you can B. as clearly as you can C. as clear than you are D. as clearly as you are
24. Nobody in this team plays …………………… Tom.
A. as good as B. so well as C. as best as D. as well as
25. Her grandfather’s illness was ………………………. we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as C. more serious than D. as serious than
26. His house is ………………….. mine.
A. twice as big as B. as twice big as C. as two times big as D. as big as twice
Exercise 2: Choose the best option :
1. ………….. we read, …………… we know.
A. the most / the most B. the more / the more C. most / most D. more/ more
2. It gets ……………... Let’s go swimming.
A. hot and hot B. the more hot C. more and more hot D. hotter and hotter
3. The ……………… accident in the history of the city occurred last night on the Freeway.
A. baddest B. most bad C. worse D. worst
4. Your English is improving considerably. It is getting ………………………………..
A. good and well B. well and better C. good and better D. better and better
5. The more he tried to help her,………………………she seemed to appreciate it.
A. the lesser B. less C. lesser D. the less
6. The larger the city, …………… the crime rate.
A. highest B. higher C. the highest D. the higher
7. The problem seems to be …………………...
A. most serious B. more serious than C. more serious as D. more and more serious
8. ………………..we finish the project, ………………….. we can start the next one.
A. The soonest / the sooner B. The soonest / the most soon
C. The sooner / the sooner D. The soonest / the soonest
9. The more waste paper we recycle, …………………………… .
A. the more trees we preserve B. the less trees we preserve
C. the most trees we preserve D. the least trees we preserve
10. ……………….the time passes, …………I feel ! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I have just finished half of it.
A. The faster / the nervous B.The more fast / the nervous
C. The fast / the more nervous D. The faster / the more nervous
12. …………. electricity you use, ……………… your bill will be.
A. The more ... the higher B. The most …. the higher C. The more … the high D. More … higher
11. Prices get …………………………….
A. high and high B. highest and highest C. more and more high D. higher and higher
13. “We produce more food. It gets cheap. ”means ……………………………...
 A. the more food we produce, the cheaper it gets B. the most food we produce, the cheapest it gets
C. the least food we produce, the less cheap it gets D. most food we produce, cheapest it gets
14. The sooner you stop smoking cigarettes the better you’ll feel.
A. As soon as you feel better, you’ll try to stop smoking. B. You feel so much better since he stopped smoking.
C. Though you feel better, you still smoke. D. When you stop smoking, you’ll begin to feel better.
15. The crowd became increasingly angry at the long delay.
A. The crowd became very angry because the delay was so long.
B. The more increasingly the crowd became, the longer the delay was.
C. The longer the delay was, the angrier the crowd became.
D. The more the crowd became angry at the delay, the longer they feel.
16. Tom is the best football player in this team.
A. No one is the best football player in this team. B. No one can play football better than Tom.
C. The best football player in this team is not Tom. D. Tom can play football as well as others in his team.
17. Jane cooks better than her sister.
A. Jane can’t cook better than her sister. B. Jane’s sister can cook better than her.
C. Jane’s sister can’t cook as good as her. D. Jane’s sister can’t cook as well as her.
18. Her grandfather’s illness was …………………… we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as C. more serious than D. as serious than
Exercise 3: Error identification:
1. The more he earns, the most happy he is.
A B C D
2. The more you eat, the best you are
A B C D
3. The problem seems to be most and most serious.
A B C D
4. The more he jogs, the most healthy we know.
A B C D
5. Nobody is happy than Miss Snow is.
A B C D
6. He needs many more sugar than I do.
A B C D
7. Does Mary feel weller today than she did yesterday?
A B C D
8. It’s becoming hard and harder to find a job.
A B C D
9. The more you have, the most you want.
A B C D
10. She no longer goes swimming because the weather
A B
is getting more and colder.
C D
11. The more you know about Angela, the better you will like him.
A B C D
12. It’s getting the harder and harder to get a job in this small town.
A B C D
13. Some people say that poorer and poorer an artist is, the more he will develop artistically.
A B C D
14. For some people, the risker a sport, more and more exciting it is.
A B C D
15. Remember to bring your friends. The less, the merrier.
A B C D
16. The red car is expensive but the black one is even the more expensive.
A B C D
17. Prices go up and up; everything gets the more and more expensive.
A B C D
18.The longer his explanation, the better confused we got.
A B C D
Exercise 4: Rewrite the following sentences so that their meanings stay the same beginning as shown.
1. As he grows older, he becomes increasingly cheerful.
The older ____________________________________________________________________________
2. The train is more convenient than all the others.
The train is ___________________________________________________________________________
3. We sit near to the stage. We can see clearly.
 The nearer ___________________________________________________________________________
4. I feel miserable when it is hot.
The hotter _____________________________________________________________________________
5. I’ve never read a more romantic story.
It’s the ________________________________________________________________________________
6. The table and the desk are the same size.
The table is _____________________________________________________________________________
7. We live far from our house. We miss it very much.
The farther ______________________________________________________________________________
8. As TV programs become more popular, they seem to get worse.
The more _______________________________________________________________________________
9. I thought this journey would last longer than it did.
This journey didn’t ________________________________________________________________________
10. I didn’t arrive as early as I expected.
I arrived ________________________________________________________________________________
11. Is this the best price you can offer ?
Can’t you ____________________________________________________________________________ ?
11. That’s the best meal I’ve ever eaten.
I’ve never eaten _______________________________________________________________________
12. Fish and meat are the same price in some countries.
Fish costs just _______________________________________________________________________

Exercise 5: Complete the sentences using a comparative form.

1. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere __________________?

2. This coffee is very weak. I like it a bit _________________.
3. My job is a bit boring, sometimes I’d like to do something ________________.
4. I was surprised how easy it was to use the computer. I thought it would be _____.
5. Don’t worry. The situation isn’t so bad. It could be __________________.

Exercise 6 : Complete the sentences using double comparative form.

1. It becomes __________________ to find a job. (hard)
2. That hole in your pullover is getting __________________. (big)
3. As I waited for my interview, I became __________________. (nervous)
4. As the day went on, the weather got __________________. (bad)
5. As the conversation went on, he became __________________. (talkative)