პრეზიდენტ ზვიად გამსახურდიას ხელისუფლების დამხობა - ლეილა ცომაია

leila comaia
prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias
xelisuflebis damxoba
Tbilisi • 2018
UDC (uak) 94(479.22) `1989~_1992~
c-834
an o tac ia
wigni – „prezident zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis damxoba“- daw-
erilia, zviadis disidentobis droindeli TanamebrZolis, gazeT „ganmaT-
avisufleblis“ mTavari redaqtorisa da literatoris leila comaias
mier. am istoriul monografiaSi piruTvneli simarTliT aRweril- gaan-
alizebul – Sefasebulia, zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis
sirTuliT aRsavse post-sabWouri, 1990-93 wlebis uaxlesi periodi,
prezidentis mkvlelobis CaTvliT.
wignSi, dokumentur saarqivo da foto masalebze dayrdnobiT, naCven-
ebia, politikur-SeiaraRebuli opoziciis saidumlo kavSirebi ruseTis
imperiis politikur wreebsa da saxelmwifos struqturebTan. wignis
publicisturi nawili, agreTve, moicavs mokle mimoxilvas, mixeil saak-
aSvilisa da biZina ivaniSvilis xelisuflebaSi mosvlis periodebis.
A N N OTAT I O N
The present book – “The overthrow of President Gamsakhurdia’ power”- is written
by Leila Tsomaia, writer and editor-in-chief of the newspaper “Liberator”, companion in
arms of Zviad Gamsakhurdia during the period of dissident movement. This historical
monograph gives an objective description, analysis and estimation of the most compli-
cated, post-Soviet period of Zviad Gamsakhurdia’s National government , the nearest
history of 1990-93, including the President’s assassination.
On the basis of documentary, archive and photo materials the secret connections
of the political-armed opposition are shown with the political circles and governmental
structures of the Russian empire. The publicistic part in the book contains also a short
survey of the periods of coming to power of Mikheil Saakasvili and Bidzina Ivanishvili.
redaqtori
beJan javaxia
garekanis dizainerebi
giorgi gelaSvili
Tamar lomTaZe
damkabadonebeli
vladimer peraniZe
© leila comaia, 2018
ISBN 978-9941-8-0513-4
wigni dakabadonda gamomcemloba inteleqtSi

wigni daibeWda gamomcemloba meridianis stambaSi
misamarTi: Tbilisi, vaxuSti bagrationis q. ##84, tel.: 2 39 15 22
redaqtorisagan
(recenzia leila comaias naSromze)
Cvens winaSea wigni, romelic Cveni istoriis metad mniSvnelovan

epoqas da pirovnebebs exeba, ufro zustad, ZiriTadad, koncentri-
rebulia erT pirovnebaze – baton zviad gamsaxurdiaze. rogorc
Cans, avtors survili aqvs pasuxi gasces yvela mniSvnelovan,
ufro sworad, sruliad dapirispirebuli mosazrebebis safuZ-
vlad qceul kiTxvebs. amdenad, es naSromi metad aqtualuria, miT
ufro, rodesac avtori ZiriTadad, im periods aRwers romlis
TviTmxilvelia da xSiradac, ara mxolod TviTmxilvelia, aramed
garkveuli poziciiT, am procesebis aqtiuri monawilec.
mTavari, rac Tavidanve unda aRvniSnoT, winamdebare wigni ar
aris mxolod avtorismieri aRwera am epoqisa, aramed avtori sa-
kuTar Sefasebebs aZlevs uaxles istoriul movlenebs.
wignSi ganxiluli movlenebis didi nawili cnobilia CvenTvis,
am epoqis Tanamedrove adamianebisaTvis, magram bevri iseTi isto-
riacaa gadmocemuli, romlebic CemTvisac ucnobi iyo. im epoqis
avtoriseuli analizi, ara mxolod dReisaTvis aris mniSvnelovani,
aramed vfiqrob, momavali istorikosebisaTvis, mkvlevarTaTvis da
saerTod, saqarTvelos Tanamedrove istoriis problemebiT dain-
teresebul pirTaTvisac metad mniSvnelovan saistorio wyaros
warmoadgens. sakiTxis aqtualobas zrdis is cxoveli interesi,
romelic arsebobs sazogadoebaSi zviad gamsaxurdias pirovnebis
mimarT da vfiqrob, rom momavalSic, dro ufro da ufro faseuls
gaxdis baton zviad gamsaxurdias saxels da igi, mTeli Tavisi
politikuri moRvaweobiTa da literaturuli SemoqmedebiT, Rir-
seul adgils daimkvidrebs qarTuli saxelmwifos damfuZnebel ma-
maTa Soris.
leila comaias es naSromi aucileblad gaxdeba mniSvnelovani
wigni am epoqis Sesaxeb, rasac xels uwyobs leila comaias figuris
aseve gamokveTili roli da adgili am epoqalur movlenebSi.
aqve, minda aRvniSno, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi, garkveuli mov-
lenebis SefasebaSi ar veTanxmebi avtoriseul azrs da Cven arc
3
adre gvqonia sruli Tanxmoba konkretuli politikuri procese-
bis SefasebaSi, Tumca mTavar movlenebSi da analizSi, rogoricaa
saqarTvelos Tavisuflebisa da dasavluri Rirebulebebisadmi
damokidebulebis sakiTxi, ar SeiZleba ar daeTanxmo qalbaton
leila comaias. aseve, minda aRvniSno, rom qalbatoni leila am
procesebSi gamoirCeoda pirdapirobiT da SeurigeblobiT. qal-
batoni leilas ukompromisobis magaliTi aris misi Ria da, xSir
SemTxvevaSi, epataJurad gamoxatuli protesti, yvela im processa
da movlenaze, sadac mas daunaxavs qarTveli xalxis interesebis
Selaxva. an Tundac im saxelmwifo gadawyvetilebebze, romlebic
ar gamoxatavda qarTveli xalxis azrs. amis bolo magaliTi gaxl-
daT qalbaton leilas mdumare aqcia, erTerTi sabWoTa mwerlis
mTawmindis panTeonSi dakrZalvis gamo. mis mier gamoxatuli pro-
testis es forma, romlis Sefasebac dRes SesaZlebelia nairgvari
iyos, vfiqrob, momavalSi mainc ufro dadebiTad transformirde-
ba da umetesi ityvis, rom leila comaias aseTma protestebma, misi
Tanamedroveni, raRac sircxvils agvarida momavali Taobis winaSe.
diax, ar SeiZleba qveyanas ar hyavdes, Tundac erTi adamiani
mainc, romelic saTanado pasuxs gascems da gaaprotestebs xeli-
suflebis antierovnul pozicias. qalbatoni leilasaTvis ar ar-
sebobs arcerTi avtoriteti, raSic mkiTxveli darwmundeba wignis
wakiTxvis Semdeg, an Tundac Tvals gadaavlebs qalbaton leilas
gancxadebebs socialur qselSi, sadac kritikis obieqti xSiradac
am striqonebis avtoric yofila.
qalbaton leila comaias iniciativiT Catarebuli saprotes-
to aqciebidan erTerTi mec minda gavixseno. es iyo 1993 wels,
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis imdroindeli poziciisadmi
mimarTuli; im periodSi universitetis mmarTvelebi Sevardna-
Zis reJimis politikuri dakveTiT, ara mxolod aTavisuflebd-
nen universitetidan profesor-maswavleblebs, aramed aqtiurad
ebrZodnen „sxvagvarad moazrovneebs“ mis yvela safexurze, ro-
gorc administraciaSi, aseve studentebSic. am procesSi erTerTi
aqtivistebi sworedac „universitetis kibis demokratebi“ iyvnen
(is sabWoTa inteligencia, romlebic z. Jvaniasa da g. Wanturias
iniciativiT, universitetis kibeebze, gamsaxurdias xelisuflebas
upirispirdebodnen). universitetis xelmZRvanelobis „antizvia-
disturi“ politikis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli aqciis organizator-
4
ic, qalbatoni leila gaxldaT. es marTlac saWiro iyo, radganac
amiT Cven SegviZlia, momaval Taobebs vuTxraT, rom universitet-
Si arsebobda Zala, romelic ar epueboda SevardnaZis kriminalur
reJims da mis mier moTvinierebul e. w. wiTel inteligencias. am
saprotesto aqciis dros ar SemiZlia ar gavixseno maSindeli pro-
reqtoris rismag gordezianis gancxadeba; yofili partkomobidan
ukve proreqtorad „gardaqmnili“ gordeziani gvimtkicebda, rom
Cven ar vebrZviT universitetSi zviadistebso (Tumca, universi-
tetidan ori daTxovnili, iqve veswrebodiT, qalbatoni leila,
romelic universitetis gamomcemlobaSi muSaobda da me, 1992 wels
dagviTxoves universitetidan). batonma gordezianma Tan daamata,
rom zustad hqonda aRricxuli ramdeni zviadisti iyo universi-
tetSi. am gancxadebis Sesabamisad ki, mis mimarT, qalbaton leilas
dasmulma kiTxvam: Tu raSi dasWirda mas zviadistebis aRricxva,
Tuki ar ebrZoda?.. napartkomali Zalian gaaRiziana.
qalbaton leila comaias naSromis gacnobam, zviad gamsax-
urdias xelisuflebis damxobis Sesaxeb, kidev erTxel damarwmuna,
ramdenad mniSvnelovania aseTi wignis dawera, radganac qarTuli
azrovnebis istoriaSi, garkveuli poltikuri avtoritetebisa Tu
maT mier SerCeuli e.w. politikuri eqspertebis wyalobiT, jer
kidev mkvidrdeba sruliad antierovnuli mosazrebani. sazoga-
doebaSi jerac dominantis roli ukavia Zveli sabWoTa nomen-
klaturis mier kliSed qceul mosazrebebs 1991-92 wlebis mov-
lenebze da zviad gamsaxurdias pirovnebis Sesaxeb. miuxedavad
imisa, rom qarTvelma xalxma gulSi Caikra da mTawmindis panTeonSi
dakrZala misi sayvareli gmiri, dRemde Zalian bevri avtori cdi-
lobs zviad gamsaxurdias rolis dakninebas Cveni qveynis uaxles
istoriaSi. Cemi azriT, aseTi mosazrebebis gavrcelebis erTerTi
mizezi isicaa, rom saqarTvelos damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZo-
li poltikosebidan, zviad gamsaxurdias principul momxreebsa da
TanamebrZolebs, ar miecaT saSualeba SeefasebinaT es movlenebi.
nebismieri xelisufleba, 1992 wlis samxedro gadatrialebis Sem-
deg, cdilobda da cdilobs am adamianTa marginalizacias.
sabWoTa nomenklaturis mosazrebaTa xalxisTvis Tavs moxveva,
rac aSkarad vlindeba, sworedac imaSi, rom SevardnaZis xelisu-
fleba da misi memkvidre politikuri elita, dRemde atarebs mex-
sierebis iseT politikas, rom momaval Taobebs, komunistur nomen-
5
klaturaze dadebiTi azri Caunergon. amis naTeli dadasturebaa
is, rom TbilisSi dRemde arsebobs gia guluas, gia Wanturias da
sxva antisaxelmwifoebrivi elementebis quCebi da memorialuri
dafebi, aseve sazogado moRvaweTa panTeonebSi erovnuli gmirebis
gverdiT dakrZales komunisturi nomenklaturis wevrebi da ant-
ierovnuli figurebi. rogorc vxedavT, jer kidev SesaZlebelia
nomenklaturis mier gatarebuli mexsierebis politikiT, msgavsi
zemoqmedebis moxdena adamianTa garkveul nawilze, romlebzedac
mZimed imoqmeda sabWoTa kavSiris ngrevam. rogorc cnobilia, es
iyo tramva, rac sazogadoebis garkveulma nawilma miiRo sabWo-
Ta kavSiris ngrevis Sedegad. ZiriTadi masebisTvis mZime aRmoCn-
da reJimis meTvalyureobidan gaTavisufleba da aseve, jer kidev
Zlieri aRmoCnda, sazogadoebis azrovnebaSi wiTeli inteligenci-
is avtoriteti. amas emateba is, rom SevardnaZis reJimis mier
gatarebuli politika xels uwyobda mosaxleobis xelovnur ga-
Ratakebas, rac qmnida da qmnis sabWoTa warsulis nostalgias.
didi dro dasWirda qarTul sazogadoebas, raTa daenaxa bol-
Sevikebis reJimis kriminaluri xasiaTi da saxe, am reJimSi, inteli-
genciis CarTuloba.
procesi da movlenebi, romelTa Sesaxebac avtori wers,
mravalmxrivia da bevri kiTxvac arsebobs. am kiTxvebze pasuxis
gacemisas ar unda daviviwyoT, rom saxelmwifo da sazogadoebriv-
ma institutebma, am droSi, didi cvalebadoba ganicades. maT So-
ris iseTma mniSvnelovanma institutebma, rogoricaa eklesia da
universitetebi. am sasicocxlod mniSvnelovanma institutebma
ver SeZles Tavi daeRwiaT bolSevikuri ideologiisa da reJime-
bis zemoqmedebisagan; Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti dRem-
de rCeba sabWoTa nomenklaturis gavlenis qveS, risi TvalsaCino
magaliTi iyo da aris komunisti funqcionerebis arseboba univer-
sitetis xelmZRvanelobaSi. reqtoris bolo periodis arCevnebSi,
favoritebi, sworedac Zveli komunisturi nomenklaturis warmo-
madgenlebi iyvnen. aseve, bolo periodis dakvirvebebidan aSkaraa,
yofili komunisturi nomenklaturis da sabWoTa priveligenci-
is gabatonebuli mdgomareoba saqarTvelos eklesiis sxvadasxva
struqturebSi.
CvenTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania es narativi. leila co-
maias mier danaxuli 80-90-iani wlebi, wlebi TavisuflebisaTvis
6
brZolisa da 90-iani wlebi represiebisa. sazogadoeba, Cveni azriT,
arafers imaxsovrebs damoukideblad, mexsiereba garkveul soci-
umSi formirdeba da icvleba droTa ganmavlobaSic. miuxedavad
amisa, mTavari isaa, rom warsulis versiis Seqmna Tanamedroveobis
codnisa da saWiroebisamebr xdeba, rac sazogadoebrivadaa gansaz-
Rvruli. mimaCnia, rom Cveni uaxlesi istoriiT dainteresebulma
pirebma, es versia aucileblad unda waikiTxon, is konkretul
epoqasTan da ideologiur tendenciebTan aris dakavSirebuli.
im epoqis avtoriseuli Sefaseba metad saWiro da sainteresoa,
radganac mexsiereba sazrdoobs mravalferovani mogonebebiT.
leila comaias wigni, 1991-92 wlebis samxedro gadatrialebaze,
romlis organizatori da sulisCamdgmeli iyo, ruseTis modern-
izebuli imperia, iseve rogorc 1921 wels, mkiTxvelebs, kidev
erTxel gvaZlevs saSualebas axleburad SevxedoT da gavaanal-
izoT Cveni uaxlesi warsuli.
beJan javaxia,
istoriis doqtori
7
wigni gamoica da daistamba ucxoeTSi
mcxovrebi qarTveli emigrantebisa da
saqarTvelos moqalaqe mamuliSvilTa
SemowirulobebiT,
risTvisac guliTad madlobas
vuxdiT maT!
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
xelisuflebis damxoba
(dekember-ianvris samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialeba)
`mefe giorgi brwyinvalis Semdgom, 650 weli

eloda saqarTvelo zviad gamsaxurdias~
mixeil miqaZe – Jurnalisti
zviad gamsaxurdiasTan, rogorc saqarTvelos erovnul-ganma-

Tavisuflebeli moZraobis sworupovar liderTan, Tavidanve da-
pirispirebulma politikurma Zalebma (g.Wanturiam, ir.wereTelma,
T.CxeiZem, ir. sariSvilma, g. mamuliam, m. giorgaZem da sxvebma), 1990
wlis 28 oqtombris saparlamento arCevnebs boikoti gamoucxades,
ris sababadac maT arCevnebis sabWouri kanonmdebluri baza da-
asaxeles da zviad gamsaxurdias masSi monawileoba braldebad
wauyenes.
oponentebis argumentebi safuZvels iyo moklebuli; zviad
gamsaxurdias liderobiT warmoebulma farTomasStabianma sapro-
testo aqciebma (warmoeba-dawesebulebebis sruli gaficva, samtre-
diis rkinigzis sruli blokireba, permanentuli masobrivi mitinge-
bi da manifestaciebi dedaqalaqis yvela umaRles saswavlebelTan,
fabrika-qarxnebTan, dawesebulebebTan, mTavrobis sasaxlesTan,
yvela msxvil raionebsa Tu qalaqebSi), anu mTeli saqarTvelos
masStabiT permanentulma destabilizaciam aiZula komunisturi
xelisufleba 1990 wlis 9 martis sesiaze gaeuqmebia yvela moqmedi
ZiriTadi xelSekruleba (aRiara 1920 wlis 7 maisis xelSekrulebis
darRveva, 1921 wlis 25 Tebervals ruseTis jarebis mier saqarTve-
los okupacia-aneqsiis faqti da 1922 wlis dekembris samokavSireo
xelSekrulebis arakanoniereba. baTilad cno 1922 wlis 12 martisa
da 1924 wlis 24 maisis xelSekrulebebi).
sabWoTa komunisturma reJimma, saqarTveloSi, Tavi ukanonod
gamoacxada.
9
1990 wlis 25 martis sabWour arCevnebs ki, erovnulma moZrao-
bam, zviad gamsaxurdias liderobiT, boikoti gamoucxada, rogorc
aralegitimur da arademokratiul arCevnebs.
mTavrobis sasaxlesTan mimdinare Semdgomma mravalaTasianma
mitingebma, 1990 wlis 18-19 agvistos umaRlesi sabWos sesia ai-
Zula mieRo demokratiuli saarCevno kanoni, ramac sabolood
uzrunvelyo 28 oqtombris arCevnebSi politikuri blokis `mrgva-
li magida – Tavisufali saqarTvelos~ gamarjveba. arCevnebisTvis
ki, zemoxsenebuli bloki, registraciaSi centralur saarCevno ko-
misiaSi gatarda (da ara iusticiis saministroSi), riTac daadastu-
ra, rom ar cnobs sabWoTa xelisuflebis kanonierebas.
amrigad, zviad gamsaxurdias sabWoTa arCevnebSi monawileo-
ba ar miuRia.
erTaderTi, rac sabWourobis elfers sZenda 28 oqtombris ar-
Cevnebs, es gaxldaT saqarTvelos socialisturi respublikis
umaRlesi sabWos mier miRebuli saarCevno kanoni, magram arCe-
vnebis saerTaSoriso aRiarebisaTvis aucilebeli iyo, igi arsebu-
li kanonis farglebSi Catarebuliyo. am iuridiul normas erov-
nul-demokratiuli Zalebi veRarafriT auvlidnen gverds.
rogori iyo propagandistuli foni? 28 oqtombris arCevnebis
mijnaze, mTel saqarTveloSi srulad iyo likvidirebuli yovel-
gvari sabWouri atributika: mTavrobis sasaxlidan Camogdebuli iyo
sabWouri wiTeli droSa, romelic erovnuli moZraobis aqtivist-
ma gabriel (gabo) isakaZem, erovnuli moZraobis azvirTebis sawy-
is etapze, 1988 wlis 28 noembers Camoxsna piradi iniciativiTa da
gambedaobiT. samTavrobo Senobebis kedlebidan, erovnuli moZraobis
mier, amotvifruli iyo sabWouri gerbebi da oqtombris revoluciis
amsaxveli arqiteqturuli pasaJebi. saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze
(maT Soris aWaraSi, afxazeTsa da cxinvalSic) kvarcxlbekebidan gad-
mogdebuli iyo leninis (1990 wlis 28 agvistos dedaqalaqis mTavar
moedanze), stalinis, orjonikiZisa da sxva revolucioneri beladebis
monumenturi Zeglebi Tu biustebi. quCebi, prospeqtebi da moednebi
aRar iyo maTi saxelobis. gauqmebuli iyo kompartiuli, komkavSiru-
li da sabWoTa profkavSiruli organizaciebi – mandatebis masobrivi
dayriTa da demonstraciuli dawviT. maTi rigebidan gasuli iyo we-
vrTa mTeli armia, moswavleebi aRar warmoadgendnen sabWoTa pione-
rebsa da oqtombrelebs, yvela warmoeba-dawesebulebaSi gauqmebuli
10
iyo rusulenovani sabWouri blankebi, umaRles saswavleblebSi ki
samxedro kaTedrebi – qarTveli wvevandelebi aRar midiodnen sabWo-
Ta jarSi, yvela tipis saswavlebelSi gauqmebuli iyo komunisturi
ideologiis sagnebis swavleba da a. S.
sabWoTa imperiuli sistemis
ngrevaSi TavianTi lomis wili
edoT, agreTve sxva disidentebsac
(valentina failoZes, gia Wantu-
rias, Tamar CxeiZes, luiza Sa-
kiaSvils, irakli wereTels, mamu-
ka giorgaZes da sxv.), magram,
qarTveli eri, erovnul-ganmaTa-
visuflebeli moZraobis gmir li-
derebad zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas miiCnevda, rac
zemoxsenebul politikur ZalebSi farul Sursa da mtrobas iwve-
vda. xisti realoba imTaviTve naTels hyofda, Tu vis mianiWebda
qarTveli eri upiratesobas sruliad axal, erovnuli Zalebis mo-
nawileobiT Catarebul saparlamento Tu saprezidento arCevnebSi,
rac calsaxad uperspeqtivos xdida pirvelobis ambiciiT Sepyro-
bil Wanturias, wereTlisa da CxeiZis brZolas demokratiul arCe-
vnebSi. am gaumxeleli motiviT maT iwyes TandaTanobiTi gamijvna
zviad gamsaxurdiasagan, SeTiTxnili da TiTidan gamowovili
braldebebiT, intrigebiT, rac Semdgom antagonizmSic gadaizarda.
pirvelobis faqtori iqca detonatorad dekember-ianvris `put-
CSi~ politikuri Zalebis mxridan. ra rjida inteligencias, rome-
lic, agreTve aqtiurad CaerTo saxelmwifo gadatrialebaSi? saqme
imaSi gaxldaT, rom `wiTel inteligencias~, zviad gamsaxurdias
gaxelisuflebis pirobebSi eqmneboda realuri safrTxe, sabWoTa
periodSi ukanonod da daumsaxureblad mikuTvnebuli privilegie-
bis da didebis dakargvisa, rac maT umravlesobas miRebuli hqon-
da sabWoTa `kgb~-sTan saidumlo TanamSromlobis sanacvlod. zviad
gamsaxurdia ueWvelad miiRebda `lustraciis kanons~, romlis Zali-
Tac gamoaSkaravdeboda maTi kavSirebi ruseTis specsamsaxurebTan.
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis liderma zviad gam-
saxurdiam, saarCevno plakatisTvis, sagangebod SearCia gogona
mayaSvilebis gvaridan, maro mayaSvilis pativisgebad. Tavisufa-
li saqarTvelos simbolod, plakatze gamosaxuli 3 wlis salome
11
mayaSvili, gaxldaT uzenaesi sabWos deputatobis kandidatis,
mixeil mayaSvilis mesame Svili.
1990 wlis 28 oqtombris sayovel-
Tao-saxalxo arCevnebSi monawile 14 po-
litikuri organizaciidan, didi procen-
tuli upiratesobiT (53,99%) gaimarjva
siiT me-12 blokma `mrgvali magida – Ta-
visufali saqarTvelo~, xolo siiT me-3
– `saqarTvelos komunisturma partiam~
– miiRo 29, 58 %.
amrigad, 28 oqtombris uzenaesi sabWos
arCevnebiT, postsabWouri respublike-
bidan, pirvelad saqarTveloSi de-iured
daemxo sabWoTa komunisturi diqtatura
da arCeuli erovnuli uzenaesi sabWo mu-
Saobas 14 noembers Seudga. sesiis pirvel-
save sxdomaze ki uzenaesi sabWos pirvel
Tavmjdomared, deputatebis mier, arCeul
iqna zviad gamsaxurdia (misi kandidaturis warmdgeni deputati
gaxldaT cnobili poeti, muxran maWavariani).
cnobilia, rom zviad gamsaxurdia, rogorc SorsmWvreteli po-
litikosi da pasuxismgeblobiT aRsavse lideri, Rrmad daafiqra
arCevnebSi gamarjvebam, rameTu man umal igrZno tvirTis simZime.
revanSistulma Zalebmac ar daayovnes; amave dRes daiwyo `mxedrio-
nis~ putCi, rac gamoixata qarTlsa da kaxeTSi miliciis ganyofile-
bebze Tavdasxmasa da uzenaesi sabWos Senobis win SeiaraRebuli ga-
mosvlebis mcdelobaSi, rac aRkveTil iqna. Tumca, destruqciulma
`mxedrionelebma~ 22 noembers karvebi dasces operis baRSi da Sim-
Siloba gamoacxades, gverdiT avtomatebic dailages.
28 oqtombris arCevnebs win
uswrebda, Seurigebeli opoziciis
mier daniSnuli e. w. èrovnuli
kongresis~ arCevnebi, romelic 30
seqtembers Catarda. èrovnuli
kongresis~ arCevnebis daniSvnis ga-
dawyvetileba, irakli wereTlisa da
gia Wanturias organizebiT mowveul
12
e. w. èrovnul yrilobaze~ 1990 wlis 23 maiss miiRes. èrovnuli
yriloba~ ar warmoadgenda legitimur organos da ufro poli-
tikuri destabilizaciis miznebs isaxavda. e.w. `kongresis~ yrilo-
ba akurTxa kaTolikos-patriarqma ilia II-m.
1991 wlis 31 marts uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomarem zviad gam-

saxurdiam sruliad saqarTvelos teritoriaze (cxadia, avtono-
miur respublikebSic: aWara, afxazeTi, e.w.samxreT oseTis olqi)
Caatara referendumi saqarTvelos damoukideblobis Sesaxeb,
xolo 1991 wlis 9 aprils gamoacxada saqarTvelos saxelmwifoe-
brivi damoukideblobis aRdgena. 31 martis referendumisa da 1991
wlis 9 aprilis damoukideblobis aRdgeniT, 1918 wlis 26 maisis
damoukideblobis aqtis safuZvlze, saqarTvelos teritoriuli
sazRvrebic 1918 wlis mdgomareobiT (tao-klarjeTi, saingilo,
lore, dvaleTi, soWi) ganisazRvra.
SevardnaZis xuntisturi xelisuflebis mier 1995 wels miRebul
konstituciaSi ki gakeTda kapitulanturi Canaweri: `2.1. muxli –
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoria gansazRvrulia 1991 wlis 21
dekembris mdgomareobiT~. roca arsebobda legitimuri SesaZle-
bloba, saqarTvelos teritoria ganesazRvraT, Tundac 1991 wlis
9 aprilis mdgomareobiT, magram arc SevardnaZe, arc saakaSvili da
arc biZina ivaniSvili ar aRiarebdnen 9 aprilis damoukideblobis
aqts da zviadis moSurneobiT mtrobdnen saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
foebriobasac. zemoxsenebul konstituciis proeqtze muSaobdnen
givi inwkirveli, vaxtang xmalaZe, avTandil demetraSvili.
13
opoziciam, zviad gamsaxurdias, sareferendumo TariRis ga-
mocxadebis gamo, `gandidebis maniaSi~ dasdo brali: `sakuTar
dabadebis dRes daamTxvia~o. realurad ki, TariRis SeTavazeba,
afxazeTis avt.respublikis umaRlesi sabWosa da saqarTvelos
uzenaesi sabWos deputat nugzar mgalobliSvilidan momdinareob-
da da politikuri fors-maJoriT iyo ganpirobebuli; ruseTma, yo-
fil sabWoTa respublikebSi, 1991 wlis 17 marts daniSna referen-
dumi sabWoTa kavSiris SenarCunebis mzakvruli mizniT. 17 martis
referendums, zviadma winmswrebad uZRvna ori werili, rogorc
afxazeTis, aseve e.w. samxreT oseTis mosaxleobisa da avtonomiebis
xelmZRvanelebis mimarT. werilSi, zviadi detalurad ganmartavda
ruseTis gegmebs da referendumis negatiur Sedegebs. am werilma,
garkveulwilad Seuwyo xeli 17 martis referendumis warumate-
blobas saqarTvelos avtonomiebSi.
ruseTi Seecada, saqarTvelosTan mimarTebaSi, Tavisi poli-
tikuri miznebisTvis gamoeyenebina `mTiel xalxTa asamblea~,
romlis wevrTa umravlesobam 1991 wlis martis dasawyisSi, maso-
brivi sainformacio arxebiT gaavrcela moTxovna saqarTvelos
mTavrobis mimarT, rom gaiyvanos qarTuli milicia samxreT ose-
Tidan da daiwyos molaparakeba maTi saxelmwifo suverenitetis
cnobis Taobaze. `mTiel xalxTa asambleis~ am gancxadebas, maleve
(4 marts) gamoexmaura CeCneTis delegacia, romelTa mier saq. resp.
uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomarisadmi gamogzavnil depeSaSi naTqvami
iyo, rom am gancxadebasTan àraviTari kavSiri ara aqvs CeCneTis
delegacias. CeCneTis delegaciam mtkiced gailaSqra saqarTvelo-
sa da (?... – l. c.) afxazeTSi sabWoTa kavSiris Sinagan saqmeTa sa-
ministros jarebis Seyvanisa da kavkasiis xalxTa saqmeebSi centris
Carevis nebismieri cdis winaaRmdeg. ufro metic, CeCenTa dele-
gaciam mtkiced moiTxova boikoti gamoucxadon 17 martis refe-
rendums~. depeSas xels awerdnen `mTiel xalxTa asambleis~ sa-
koordinacio sabWos wevrebi: u. v. arsamikovi, s.x. abumuslimovi
(miuxedavad imisa, rom Cvens mier SeniSnuli fraza `saqarTvelosa
da afxazeTSi~ yurs examuSa, am gancxadebam CvenTvis udavod pozi-
tiurad imuSava 17 martis referendumze).
ruseTma 17 martis referendumidan srulad gamoTiSa galis
raioni, romlis mosaxleobis absolutur umravlesobas qarTve-
lebi Seadgendnen; kanonis darRvevis mizezad, ruseTma, saarCev-
14
no ubnebis momzadebis mouswrebloba daasaxela. amgvari fande-
biTa da referendumis gayalbebiT Seadgines oqmi, rom TiTqos,
17 martis referendums xma misca afxazeTis mosaxleobis 50%-ze
metma amomrCevelma. am yalbi oqmiT xelSi, saqarTvelos uzenaesi
sabWos Tavmjdomarem, zviad gamsaxurdiam, moskovSi wargzavna nug-
zar mgalobliSvili, raTa igi Sexvedroda ssrk umaRlesi sabWos
qarTvel deputatebs da maT tribunidan xmamaRla gaeJRerebinaT
siyalbe. Tavis mxriv, nugzar mgalobliSvilma xmauriani werilebic
gamoaqveyna rusul da qarTul gazeTebSic 17 martis referendu-
mis gayalbebis Taobaze.
ssrk umaRlesi sabWos maSindel deputatebs warmoadgendnen: aka-
ki baqraZe, eldar Sengelaia, guCa kvaracxelia, arqiteqtori no-
dar mgalobliSvili, oTar zuxbaia, revaz saluqvaZe, Tamaz gamy-
reliZe... romlebmac ssrk saxalxo deputatTa yrilobaze gaaxmovanes
afxazeTSi referendumis gayalbebis faqtebi. nugzar mgalobliSvilis
mTavari koziri, referendumidan, galis teritoriis eTniuri niSniT
gamoTiSva iyo, ramac qarTveli deputatebis mosalodneli protes-
tic gamoiwvia. zviad gamsaxurdiam 17 martis referendums daupiris-
pira saqarTvelos referendumi saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis
Sesaxeb, romelic uswrafesad unda Catarebuliyo. win 9 aprili ido
da damoukideblobis gamocxadebis TariRi, zviads, swored am dRis-
Tvis surda daemTxvia damoukideblobisaTvis Sewiruli gmirebis pa-
tivsacemad. moskovidan warmatebuli vizitiT dabrunebul nugzar
mgalobliSvilTan, zviadma ganixila referendumis daniSvnis TariRi,
romelic 9 aprilamde, romelime kvira dRes unda Catarebuliyo. 9
aprilamde ki mxolod sami kvira rCeboda (24, 31 marti da 7 aprili). 7
aprili gamoiricxa, radgan erT dReSi, mTel saqarTvelodan, oqmebis
miReba da daTvla SeuZlebeli xdeboda. 24 martisTvis ki referen-
dumis momzadeba ver eswreboda da metnakleb optimalur TariRad
rCeboda 31 marti da nugzar mgalobliSvilma zviads 31 marti Ses-
Tavaza. Zalian didi xnis mere, nugzar mgalobliSvili gulwrfelad
moigonebs: ìm fors-maJorul da eqstremalur viTarebaSi sulac ar
gamxsenebia, rom 31 marti zviadis dabadebis dRe iyo, aramed ubra-
lod kvira dRis gaTvaliswinebiT SevTavaze es TariRi da darwmune-
buli var, arc zviads axsovda; erTaderTi, rac mkiTxa `movaswrebT~?
da me davaimede, `movaswrebT-meTqi~ da im wuTidanve SevudeqiT re-
ferendumisTvis mzadebas~.
15
31 martis referendumSi mo-
nawileoba miiRo afxazeTis
mosaxleobis (galis CaT-
vliT) 60,27%-ma da TiTqmis
60%-ma (maT Soris afxazeb-
mac) xma misca saqarTvelos
damoukideblobas, Tumca
iyvnen adgilobrivi garuse-
buli qarTvelebic, romleb-
mac àra~ Semoxazes.
1991 wlis 9 aprilis sa-
qarTvelos damoukideblobis
aRdgenis aqtSi ki Caiwera:
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis

aRdgenis aqti
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba, romelic saukuneTa siR-

rmeSi iRebs saTaves, qarTvelma erma me-19 saukuneSi dakarga
ruseTis imperiis mier saqarTvelos aneqsiisa da saxelmwifoe-
briobis gauqmebis Sedegad. qarTveli xalxi arasodes Sehguebia
Tavisuflebis dakarvas. 1918 wlis 26 maiss damoukideblobis
aqtis gamocxadebiT aRdga saqarTvelos gauqmebuli saxelmwi-
16
foebrioba. Seiqmna saqarTvelos damoukidebeli respublika
mravalpartiulobis safuZvelze arCeuli xelisuflebis war-
momadgenlobiTi organoebiTa da konstituciiT.
1921 wlis Teberval-martSi ruseTma uxeSad daarRvia saqar-
Tvelo-ruseTis 1920 wlis 7 maisis samSvidobo xelSekruleba da
SeiaraRebuli agresiis gziT moaxdina Tavis mierve cnobili sa-
qarTvelos saxelmwifos okupacia, rasac SemdgomSi mohyva misi
faqtobrivi aneqsia.
saqarTvelo sabWoTa kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi nebayoflobiT
ar Sesula, xolo misi saxelmwifoebrioba dResac arsebobs, da-
moukideblobis aqti da konstitucia dResac iuridiuli Zalis
mqonea, vinaidan demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobas kapitula-
ciaze xeli ar mouweria da ganagrZobda moRvaweobas emigraciaSi.
sabWoTa kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi saqarTvelos iZulebiTi
yofnis mTeli periodi aRiniSna sisxliani teroriTa da repre-
siebiT, risi ukanaskneli gamovlinebac iyo 1989 wlis 9 apri-
lis tragedia. faruli omi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg dResac
grZeldeba. misi mizania daabrkolos saqarTvelos swrafva Ta-
visuflebisa da demokratiisaken.
1990 wlis 28 oqtombers mravalpartiuli, demokratiuli gziT
arCeuli saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWo, eyrdnoba ra
1991 wlis 31 martis referendumiT gamoxatul saqarTvelos mo-
saxleobis erTsulovan nebas, adgens da saqveynod acxadebs sa-
qarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenas saqar-
Tvelos damoukideblobis 1918 wlis 26 maisis aqtis safuZvelze.
saqarTvelos suverenuli respublikis teritoria erTiani
da ganuyofelia. mis teritoriaze uzenaesia mxolod saqarTve-
los respublikis konstitucia da xelisufleba. yoveli qmede-
ba, mimarTuli saqarTvelos respublikis xelisuflebis uzenae-
sobis SezRudvis an teritoriuli mTlianobis darRvevisaken,
CaiTvleba suverenuli saxelmwifos saSinao saqmeebSi Carevad
da agresiad, saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis uxeS darRvevad.
saerTaSoriso samarTlis primati saqarTvelos respublikis
kanonebis mimarT da misi normebis pirdapiri moqmedeba saqar-
Tvelos teritoriaze cxaddeba saqarTvelos respublikis erT-
erT ZiriTad konstituciur principad.
saqarTvelos respublika, iswrafvis ra daikavos Rirseu-
li adgili msoflios saxelmwifoTa TanamegobrobaSi, aRiare-
bs da Tanabrad uzrunvelyofs saerTaSoriso samarTliT gaT-
17
valiswinebul adamianis, erovnuli, eTnikuri, religiuri da
enobrivi jgufebis yvela ZiriTad uflebasa da Tavisuflebas,
rogorc amas moiTxovs gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis wes-
deba, adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia, saerTaSori-
so paqtebi da konvenciebi.
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWo acxadebs, rom mtkiced
daicavs sxva saxelmwifoebTan politikuri, ekonomikuri da kul-
turuli TanamSromlobis sayovelTaod aRiarebul principebs.
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblo-
bis aRdgena srulad Seesabameba gaerTianebuli erebis organi-
zaciis wesdebas, helsinkisa da venis aqtebs, romlebic aRiare-
ben da ganamtkiceben yvela xalxis uflebas damoukideblad
ganagos Tavisi qveynis politikuri bedi.
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWo imedovnebs, rom
saxelmwifoTa saerTaSoriso Tanamegobroba ar darCeba gul-
grili qarTveli xalxis kanonieri da samarTliani nabijisad-
mi da aRiarebs saqarTvelos aRorZinebul saxelmwifoebriv
damoukideblobas, rac saqarTvelos uSiSroebis erT-erTi yve-
laze mtkice garantia iqneba.
Tbilisi, mTavrobis sasaxle,
1991 wlis 9 aprili, 12 saaTi da 30 wuTi.
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqtis
safuZvelze, 1991 wels Semovida
saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis
pirveli misia saqarTveloSi,
romlis safuZvelzec saqarTve-
lo dRemde, mWidrod TanamS-
romlobs masTan. saqarTvelo,
1992 wlis 31 ivliss gaxda gaeros
179-e wevri qveyana (gaerTianebu-
li erebis organizaciis ofisi ki
saqarTveloSi 1993 wlis dasawy-
isSi gaixsna), 1997 wlidan, saqar-
Tvelo, monawileobas iRebs
evro-atlantikur partniorobaSi
da mWidrod TanamSromlobs na-
18
tosTan, xolo 1999 wlis 27 aprils ki, gaxda evrosabWos srulu-
flebiani wevri. 2014 wlis 27 ivniss, saxelmwifo saqarTvelosTan
oficialurad gaformda evrokavSirTan asocirebis xelSekruleba.
zviad gamsaxurdias mTavroba, 1918-21 wlebis damoukidebe-
li saqarTvelos mTavrobis samarTalmemkvidred acxadebda ra
Tavs, am periodis `damoukideblobis aqtis~ safuZvelze aRadgi-
na saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba da aRadgina imave periodis
saxelmwifo simbolikebic; imavdroulad igi Seudga muSaobas axal
simbolikebze, romelic, cxadia, didad gansxvavebuli ver iqneboda
1918-21 wlebis simbolikebisagan.
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis droSis axal es-
kizSi ferebi srulad SenarCunebuli iyo, magram ganlagebiT – ga-
daxalisebuli, rac cvlida mrume ganwyobas droSis faqturaSi.
droSis ganaxlebul eskizze muSaoba, prezident gamsaxurdias mier
davalebuli hqonda uz.deputat mixeil mayaSvilis mier Seqmnil
jgufs, romlebmac gadatrialebamde moaswres misi srulyofa, ma-
gram parlaments aRar dascalda miReba.
heraldikazec (1918 wlis 27 dekembris kanoniT damtkicebul
RerbSi) Setanili iyo cvlileba. kerZod, wm. giorgis RerbSi Savi
mTis mwvervali (mimsgavsebulia ZuZus Tavs da tovebs STabeWdile-
bas, rom wm. giorgi cxeniT toravs mas) gadaxalisebul iqna mwvane
feriT da odnav momrgvalda...
es gaxlavT saqarTvelos respu-
blikis mTavrobis Standarti 1918-
21 wlis, guram SaraZis mier
mokvleuli ciurixSi fluris
koleqciidan.
Jordanias mTavrobis droSaze
Savi feris (miwis) TavSi moqcevas-
Tan dakavSirebiT, zepir wyaroebSi
SemorCenilia informacia, rom Ta-
vdapirvel variantSi, droSaze Te-
Tri (romelic cis umanko – sufTa
ferTan asocirdeba) zemoT iyo mo-
qceuli, magram maSindeli mTavro-
bis heraldikosebis TqmiT, TeTri
feri srulfasovnad ver uZlebso
19
sivrces da miiRes gadawyvetileba ferebis amotrialebis Sesaxeb.
erovnuli moZraobis azvirTebis dros, 1990 wlis seqtemberSi, fi-
larmoniaSi gafarToebul Sekrebaze, erTma Warmagma kacma zviads
da sazogadoebas mogvaxsena, rom mis ojaxSi daculi iyo Jorda-
nias mTavrobis droSis pirvandeli varianti, romelic ekuTvnoda
mis naTesavs da Senaxuli hqonda sacxovrebeli saxlis kedelSi. am
sityvebiT man gulis jibidan amoiRo abreSumis naWris nakecebiani
gacrecili droSa, romelic mere inaxeboda zviadTan...
Cven ar viciT, ra bedi ewia Semdgom, zviadTan dacul am droSas;

SeiZleba, kolxuri koSkis gadawvis dros, isic xanZarma STanTqa, an
SeiZleba Semonaxulia kidec...
arsebobs zepiri gadmocemac, rom roca damoukidebeli saqar-
Tvelos respublikis droSas qmnidnen eqvTime TayaiSvili, ivane
javaxiSvili da sxva mecnierebi, gaiTvaliswines `vefxistyao-
sanSi~ moxseniebuli droSa. tarieli roca gaemarTa xataelTa
winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad ambobs: àvmarTe droSa mefisa, al-
miTa wiTel-SaviTa~ (404 strofi).
20
istoriuli simarTle zviad gamsaxurdias
mier osebis e. w. `genocidis~ Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos respublikis axalarCeulma uzenaesma sabWom, 1990

wlis 22 noembris dadgenilebiT gaauqma samxreT oseTis avtonomiu-
ri olqis deputatTa sabWos 1990 wlis 20 seqtembris dadgenileba
avtonomiuri olqis e.w. `samxreT oseTis demokratiul respubli-
kad~ gamocxadebis Sesaxeb, – agreTve, gadawyvetilebac 1990 wlis
2 dekembrisaTvis e.w. samxreT oseTSi arCevnebis daniSvnis Sesaxeb.
baTilad da iuridiuli Zalis armqoned scno arCevnebis Sedegebi
da a.S. (1990 wlis 10 dekemberi). aqve unda aRiniSnos im winmswreb sa-
marTlebriv aqtebzec, rac TviT komunisturma umaRlesma sabWomac
ganaxorciela. kerZod, komunisturma umaRlesma sabWom amave,1990
wlis 22 seqtembris dadgenilebiT baTilad scno `samxreT oseTis
avtonomiuri olqis~ 20 seqtembris dadgenilebebi. miuxedavad ami-
sa, osma separatistebma, kremlis direqtiviT kvlav gaagrZeles sa-
qarTvelos konstituciis sawinaaRmdego qmedebebi. 1990 wlis md-
gomareobiT e.w. samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis (Seiqmna 1922
wels, CrdiloeT oseTis assr – 1924 wels) mosaxleoba sul 98 000
kacs Seadgenda da warmoadgenda 4 administraciul raions: cxin-
valis, znauris, axalgorisa da javis.
saqarTvelos respublikis teritoriuli mTlianobisa da suve-
renitetis ganmtkicebis mizniT, uzenaesi sabWo iZulebuli gaxda
mieRo gadawyvetileba `samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis~ gauqme-
bis Sesaxeb (1990 wlis 11 dekembris dadgenileba). uzenaesi sabWos
am dadgenilebas daupirispirdnen: jaba ioseliani, gia Wanturia,
irina sariSvili, giorgi kobaxiZe, mamuka giorgaZe, beso juRe-
li, mamuka areSiZe, gia baramiZe, zurab Jvania, giorgi xaindra-
va, irakli maWavariani, luiza SakiaSvili, Tamar CxeiZe, raul
kuprava... isini miemxrnen ra os separatistebs, mTel msoflioSi
avrcelebdnen dezinformaciebs, viTomcda, gamsaxurdias reJimis
mier osebis diskriminaciisa da genocidis Sesaxeb. amgvari dema-
gogiis Semcveli dokumenti gaxldaT `praRis 24-e rezoluciac~,
romelSic naTqvami iyo, rom, TiTqos, saqarTvelos xelisufleba
apirebs nacionaluri umciresobebis saqarTvelodan gasaxlebas da
zviad gamsaxurdias miaweres lozungi `saqarTvelo – qarTvele-
bisTvis~, rac, sinamdvileSi gaxldaT Tavad gia Wanturias disiden-
21
tobis droindeli lozungi da partiis (edp) programis `mTavari
nawilis~ d) punqtis Semadgeneli devizi iyo (ix. foto).
Wanturia da sariSvili, aseve afrialebdnen lozungs `Zirs

SevardnaZe-gamsaxurdias aliansi~, rodesac, sinamdvileSi Tavad
iyvnen SevardnaZesTan farul aliansSi. isini gamsaxurdias wi-
naaRmdeg, swored SevardnaZis finansebiTa da direqtivebiT moq-
medebdnen, rac Semdgomma droebam naTlad daadastura.
zviads opoziciaSi Caudga, TiTqos Tanamoazre da TanamebrZo-
li ruslan RonRaZec, romelic SeiaraRebul putCistebs SeuerT-
da.
22
1991 wlis 23 marts, daba yazbegSi, ruseTis umaRlesi sabWos
prezidiumis Tavmjdomaris boris elcinTan Sexvedraze, zviad
gamsaxurdiam miaRwia SeTanxmebas `samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri
olqis~ gauqmebis Sesaxeb.
dokumenti ixileT momdevno gverdze.
23
24
osi eqstremistebi, garda imisa, rom rusuli samxedro bazebi-
dan Riad yidulobdnen iaraRs (raSic maT Tbilissa da danarCen
saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi osebi finansurad exmarebodnen), amasTa-
nave, cxinvalis qarxnebSic amzadebdnen sxvadasxva saxis iaraRs,
ris gamoc qarTveli energetikosebi gaificnen. am politikur
protestTan dakavSirebiT, g. Wanturiam, ir. sariSvilma, m. giorga-
Zem, ir. kobaxiZem, j. ioselianma, T. CxeiZem, ir. maWavarianma, z. Jva-
niam, l. SakiaSvilma, goga da ivliane xaindravebma... demagogiuri
videokadrebis CvenebiT msoflios amcnes: èleqtroenergiis ga-
TiSvis gamo, cxinvalis saavadmyofoebSi osi bavSvebi ixocebian~o.
maSin, roca eTnikuri Semadgenlobis suraTi, im droisaTvis,
TiTqmis ucvleli iyo da iq mcxovrebi umravlesi qarTvelebic
zaraldebodnen. xolo, maTi xeldasmiT mosulma xuntis xelisu-
flebam ki, wlebis ganmavlobaSi eleqtroenergiis xangrZlivi da
borotganzraxuli gamorTvebiT, saoperacio magidebze, mTel sa-
qarTveloSi mravali qarTvelis sicocxle imsxverpla, razec ze-
moxsenebul vai-patriotebs aranairi protesti ar gamouTqvamT;
mravalTagan, mxolod erT faqts moviyvanT; 2002 wlis 22 dekem-
bers, xobis raionis saavadmyofoSi, uSuqobis mizeziT daiRupa
avadmyofi epilefsiis diagnoziT, 12 wlis maTe laSxia, romelsac
pirveladi daxmarebisaTvis esaWiroeboda eleqtro masaJi, raTa ar
damdgariyo fataluri Sedegi.
eleqtroenergiis gaTiSvis aqti, Tavisi ulmoblobiT namdvi-
lad ver Seedreboda osebis velurobas da sisastikes qarTvele-
bis mimarT; 1990 wlis 3 ianvars, cxinvalis raionis sofel frisSi,
osma biZam, qarTvelobis gamo akvanSi Cacxrila sakuTari disSvili,
9 Tvis paata nikoriSvili. manamde ki osebma mokles sofel Tama-
raSenis mkvidri 17 wlis vefxvia TuTaraSvili. qarTveli meomari
merab mindiaSvili osebma xeze miabes da cocxlad dawves. osebis
mier damwvar qarTvelebs, cxinvalSi Casulma goga xaindravam su-
raTebi gadauRo da sazRvargareT gagzavna, TiTqos zviadis me-
brZolebis mier damwvari osebis cxedrebisa. xaindravasTan erTad
amgvar insinuaciur braldebebs, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias wi-
naaRmdeg evropaSi avrcelebdnen daviT da levan berZeniSvile-
bic. goga xaindravas mebrZolTa jgufma `deviatkam~, 1992 wlis 6
ianvars, metexis xidTan daxvrita cxinvalis omis qarTveli gmiri
gogia gabroSvili.
25
cxinvalis raionis qarTuli soflebidan TbilisSi Camosuli
mosaxleoba dacvas Txovda saqarTvelos centralur xelisufle-
bas. aupatiureben Cven gogonebs, gviklaven biWebs, samsaxurebi-
dan gvdevnian qarTvelebs, saswrafo daxmareba ar modis qarTvel
avadmyofebTan, ar gviReben saavadmyofoebSio da a.S. qarTvelebi-
sadmi mtroba da siZulvili osebs aTwleulebis Semdegac ar gane-
lebiaT; 2003 wlis 3 maiss, cxinvalis raionis sofel TamaraSenSi
sakuTar benzingasamarT sadgurSi, osebma, erTianad amoxoces min-
doraSvilebis ojaxi, – mama da 3 vaJiSvili. 2005 wlis 24 noembers,
gatacebuli xaWapuriZeebis 4 wevridan, erT-erTis mokveTili ki-
durebi gaugzavnes ojaxs, xolo danarCeni cxedrebis sanacvlod ki
fuli mosTxoves. osTa velurobisa da sisatikis ambebs ar SeuZra-
vs qarTveli fsevdo-patrioti opozicionerebis gulebi.
erovnuli xelisuflebis opozicionerebi Ria da aSkara soli-
darobas avlendnen saqarTvelos moqalaqe yoveli juris separa-
tist-eqstremistebisadmi. jaba ioseliani, zurab Jvania, gia bara-
miZe, irakli maWavariani, goga xaindrava da sxvebi politpatimrad
aRiarebdnen osi eqstremistebis liders torez kulumbegovs,
romelic zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebam daapatimra mTeli rigi
danaSaulobebis gamo, rac gamoixateboda teroristuli bandfor-
mirebebis SeqmnaSi, qarTvelTa masobrivi mkvlelobebis (maT Soris
cocxlad dawvisa da cocxlad daxerxvis), jgufuri gaupatiurebe-
bisa da masobrivi devnis organizatorobaSi, erTa Soris SuRlis
Camogdebasa da gaRvivebaSi.
amgvari mZime da sastiki danaSaulobebisaTvis dapatimrebuli
kulumbegovi, zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis damxobisTanave,
cixidan gaaTavisufla e. SevardnaZem da j. ioselianma da samTa-
vrobo TviTmfrinaviT gadaafrina cxinvalSi. cxinvalSi dabrune-
bulma eqstremistebis liderma kulumbegovma, Tanamzraxvel alan
CoCievTan erTad Caatara e.w. referendumi samxreT oseTis da-
moukideblobisa da CrdiloeT oseTTan mierTebis Sesaxeb (1992
wlis am referendumis safuZvelze, 2006 wlis 12 noembers, maT
meored Caatares referendumi, romelSic mosaxleobis, aw ukve
99% procentma xma misca samxreT oseTis damoukideblobas. 2017
wlis 9 aprils e.w . samxreT oseTSi mesamed Catarda referendumi
(saprezidento arCevnebTan erTad) oseTisaTvis Zveli saxelwode-
bis – àlanias respublikis~ miniWebis Sesaxeb. meore separatistul
26
regionSi – afxazeTSi, referendumi damoukideblobis Sesaxeb 1999
w. gaimarTa).
1992 wlis 16 ianvars, saqarTvelos respublikis samxedro sabWom
ganacxada, rom amJamindeli droebiTi mTavrobisadmi yovelmxri-
vi mxardaWera gamoxata e. w. samxreT oseTis xelisuflebam. `Cven
mzada varT CamovideT Tbilisis dasacavad nebismier dros da
gpirdebiT mamacurad davicavT saqarTvelos sazogadoebriobis
demokratiul Zalebs~ – ganacxades osuri SeiaraRebuli formire-
bebis xelmZRvanelebma. zogierTi cnobiT, aseTi mowodebiT cxin-
valSi gamovida opozicionerebis mier cixidan gaTavisuflebuli
osuri moZraobis lideri torez kulumbegovi. ra SeiZleba iTqvas
am informaciaze? mxolod erTi: 1991-1992 wlebis dekember-ianvris
SeiaraRebuli saxelmwifo gadatrialebis Semdeg, uzurpatorTa
xrovas: Tengiz siguas, Tengiz kitovans da jaba ioselians mxar-
daWera gamoucxada osi eqstremistebisa da separatistebis lider-
ma, teroristma torez kulumbegovma.
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesma sabWom 1991 wlis 31 marts
saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze (maT Soris, afxazeTsa da cxin-
valis regionSic) Caatara referendumi saqarTvelos respublikis
damoukideblobis aRdgenis Sesaxeb, 1918 wlis 26 maisis damoukide-
blobis aqtis safuZvelze. saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenas
xma misca amomrCevelTa 98,9%. am Sedegebze dayrdnobiT uzenaesma
sabWom 1991 wlis 9 aprils sesiaze miiRo saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
foebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqti. amave sesiaze miRebul
iqna dadgenileba respublikis prezidentis Tanamdebobis SemoRe-
bis mizanSewonilobis Sesaxeb, xolo 14 aprils miiRo kanoni `sa-
qarTvelos respublikis prezidentis Tanamdebobisa da masTan
dakavSirebiT saq. respublikis konstituciaSi cvlilebisa da
damatebebis Setanis Sesaxeb~. saprezidento arCevnebi Catar-
da 1991 wlis 26 maiss, romelSic prezidentobis 6 kandidatidan
86,52% gaimarjva zviad gamsaxurdiam (ix. oqmi).
27
28
14 ivniss, saqarTvelos respublikis arCeulma pirvelma pre-
zidentma bibliaze dado fici RvTisa da eris winaSe, rom dai-
cavda saqarTvelos konstitucias da erTaderTi prezidenti iyo
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos uaxles istoriaSi, romelmac saku-
Tari sicocxlis fasad daicva konstitucia da WeSmaritad iqca
saxelmwifo saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis garantad!
29
rogorc referendumi, aseve uzenaesi sabWos deputatTa da
saprezidento arCevnebi iyo sayovelTao-saxalxo da Catarda sa-
qarTvelos mTel teritoriaze afxazeTisa da cxinvalis regionis
CaTvliT.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli mTavrobis uzenaesma
sabWom, saqarTveloSi dislocirebul ruseTis jars mianiWa saoku-
pacio jaris statusi.
30
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gam-
saxurdias politikur strategiasa da mizans warmoadgenda sa-
qarTvelos saxelmwifos qceva saerTaSoriso samarTalsubieqtad
da saerTaSoriso asparezze saqarTvelos damoukideblad moqmed
saxelmwifo erTeulad Camoyalibeba. zviad gamsaxurdia dasavlu-
ri orientaciis lideri iyo, romlis prezidentobis kandidatis
saarCevno programaSi man naTlad Cawera: `samomavlo istoriuli
misia, romelic unda itvirTos damoukidebelma saqarTvelom,
SeiZleba iyos dasavleTisa da aRmosavleTis zogadsakacobrio
integraciuli procesebisaTvis xelis Sewyoba... saqarTvelom
unda ganaxorcielos sinTezi am ori samyarosi~. xolo ssr kav-
SirTan damokidebulebis nawilSi ki ewera: `saqarTvelosaTvis
gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs ruseTis federaciasTan ur-
TierTobis sakiTxebs. saqarTvelos respublikasa da ruseTis
federacias Soris Tanasworuflebiani da keTilmezobluri
urTierTobebis damyareba warmoadgens orive mxaris WeSmarit
interesebs~. saqarTvelos respublikis saerTaSoriso cnobis as-
peqtebis programul nawilSi ki kidev ufro naTladaa gacxadebu-
li, rom `3. saqarTvelo gaxdes gaerosa da sxva saerTaSoriso
organizaciebis wevri da maT saqmianobaSi Seasrulos aqtiuri
roli~.
1991 wlis 15 dekembers, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, sa-
qarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos sagareo saqmeTa komi-
tetis Tavmjdomare medea TuSmaliSvili da premier-ministri be-
sarion guguSvili, sagangebo misiiT wargzavna briuselSi, raTa
maT monawileoba mieRoT evroparlamentis sagareo saqmeTa ko-
misiis sxdomaSi. qarTvelma diplomatebma, evropel deputatebs
gadasces saqarTvelos umaRlesi xelisufalis Txovna saqarTve-
los saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis cnobisa da cxinvalis
regionis konfliqtSi samSvidobo misiiT CarTvis Sesaxeb. natos
Stab-binaSi, saqarTvelos delegacia pativiT miiRo generalurma
mdivanma vornerma, romelmac saqarTvelosa da natos kavSirebis
ganmtkicebis guliTadi survili gamoTqva. es iyo pirveli nabiji,
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikis prezidentis zviad gam-
saxurdias mier, natosken swrafvisa da politikuri urTierTobe-
bisken gadadgmuli.
31
kremlidan marTuli opozicia ki Segnebulad aferxebda qvey-
nis winsvlas. maT gailaSqres prezidentis institutis SemoRebis
winaaRmdeg; xolo zviadis prezidentad arCevis dResve, 26 maiss,
erovnul-demokratiuli partiis mTavarma komitetma vrceli `Ria
weriliT~ mimarTa zviad gamsaxurdias. werilis teqsti gaJRenTili
iyo SuriT, boRmiT, siZulviliT, ciliswamebebiT, TavdasxmiTi da
insinuaciuri braldebebis CamonaTvaliT, risi daskvniTi akordi
aseTi iyo: `Cven brals gdebT saqarTvelos RalatSi!~ (ix. weri-
lis nawyveti).
am boRmiT guldasenili da politikur diplomatias sruliad
moklebuli `Ria werilis~ xelmomwerebi gaxldnen:
giorgi Wanturia
mamuka giorgaZe
guram CaxvaZe
irina sariSvili
Tengiz SarmanaSvili
vaxtang talaxaZe
vano xuxunaiSvili
daviT kvaracxelia
irakli qadagiSvili
vasil WyoiZe
niko gonaSvili
giorgi zumbaZe
32
xolo, SeiaraRebuli kriminaluri formirebis – `mxedrionis~
– meTaurma jaba ioselianma, zviad gamsaxurdias prezidentad ar-
Cevidan meore dRes, karvebi dasca, jer operis baRSi, Semdgom uni-
versitetis ezoSi. moSimSile `mxedrionelebs~ sajaro gancxadebiT
moraluri Tanadgoma gamoucxades: vaxtang goguaZem, mama-Svilma
kote da goka gabaSvilebma, vaxuSti kotetiSvilma, valeri kva-
racxeliam, mamuka areSiZem, valerian advaZem, akaki baqraZem, Ta-
maz kvaWantiraZem, zurab kiknaZem, guram TevzaZem, Temur fifiam,
nodar lomourma, oTar liTaniSvilma, Wabua amirejibma, guram
fanjikiZem, levan Rvinjiliam, roman miminoSvilma, iza orjo-
nikiZem, jansuR Carkvianma, rusudan beriZem, koba imedaSvilma, da-
Zmam – giga da marika lorTqifaniZeebma, rismag gordezianma, mzeqa-
la SaniZem, goga xaindravam, laSa TabukaSvilma, naira gelaSvilma,
daviT mWedlurma, guram gegeSiZem, gizo niSnianiZem, murman jgu-
buriam, rezo miSvelaZem, Zmebma zaur da geno kalandiebma, ciala
ardaSeliam, zurab Toriam, vaJa oTaraSvilma…
Tengiz siguasaTvis mecnierebaTa akademia mTlianad daTmobili
hqonda am akademiis prezidents albert TavxeliZes, romelic aka-
demiis wevrebiT: andria afaqiZe, evgeni xaraZe, merab aleqsiZe,
merab mamardaSvili, aleqsandre (lali) javaxiSvili, nodar
lomouri da sxvebiT gverdSi edgnen Tengiz siguasa da jaba io-
selians.
operatiuli moqmedebisaTvis, jansuR Carkvianis xelmZRvane-
lobiT Seiqmna sazogadoeba `Tbiliseli~, romelic SeiaraRebul
Stabad gadaiqca. am sazogadoebis TanadamfuZnebeli gaxldaT ko-
munisti poeti rezo amaSukeli, romelic gansakuTrebuli agre-
siiT gamoirCeoda damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZol zviad gam-
saxurdias mimarT. e.w. sazogadoeba `Tbiliseli~ avtomatebiT
maragdeboda `rusTavelis sazogadoebidan~, romelsac xelmZRva-
nelobda Tengiz sigua da romelsac SeiaraRebiTa da finansebiT
uzrunvelhyofda ruseTi. amasTanave, saqarTvelos ssr kavSiris
bankSi gaxsnili iyo angariSi, romelzec moqalaqeebi nebayoflobiT
ricxavdnen Tanxebs (ix. gazeT `komunistis~ 5 Tebervlis (1989 w.)
gancxadebis skaneri). `Tbiliselebis~ ofisSi gaicemoda avtomate-
bi prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damxobis mosurne sxvadasxva
jurisa (kriminalebis) da qarTvelTmoZule sxvadasxva erovnebis
moxaliseebisaTvis; erovnuli xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, ZiriTa-
dad aRdga sisxlaRreuli da gvargadakeTebuli qarTveloba.
33
kinos saxlSi Stab-bina daides: vaxtang (buba) kikabiZem, rezo
esaZem, rezo CxeiZem, robert sturuam, merab kokoCaSvilma, el-
dar da giorgi Sengelaiebma, lana RoRoberiZem, maia naTaZem,
nana mWedliZem, qeTi doliZem, oTar meRvineTuxucesma, guranda
gabuniam, lali baduraSvilma, nukri qanTariam, gogi xarabaZem,
gia burjanaZem, erlom axvledianma, manana gigineiSvilma, daviT
maRraZem, ruslan miqaberiZem, erekle saRlianma, Temo gocaZem,
oTar liTaniSvilma, rezo amaSukelma, iza orjonikiZem, jansuR
Carkvianma, gizo niSnianiZem, Wabua amirejibma, roman miminoSvil-
ma, jemal (simon) ajiaSvilma, emzar kvitaiSvilma, Teatraluri
institutis dekanma gogi doliZem da sxvebma, romlebic kinos
saxlis kibeebze permanentul mitingebs marTavdnen. maT safrange-
Tidan zurgs umagrebda kinoreJisori oTar ioseliani, romelic
siZulvils avlenda zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT da drodadro Camo-
dioda kidec TbilisSi. msaxiobi nodar mgalobliSvili da Temur
babluanic putCisti Teatralebis amqarSi iyvnen.
erovnuli moZraobis wevri e. gvetaZe (romelic, warsuli nacno-
bobiT xSirad stumrobda xolme cnobil msaxiobs zurab qafianiZes)
gaxda uneblie mowme rezo esaZis satelefono zarisa, romelmac
zurab qafianiZes isteriuli xmiT yurmilSi Cahyvira (swored am
xmamaRlobis wyalobiT SeZlo saubris teqstis mosmena Semswrem):
ras gamoketilxar saxlSi! iaraRi aiRe xelSi da gamodi zviad gam-
saxurdiasa da misi lekvebis Casaxocad! Tu avtomati ara gaqvs, aq
mogcemTo.
marjaniSvilis Teatri, akaki baqraZem (rogorc am Teatris
yofilma samxatvro xelmZRvanelma) da oTar meRvineTuxucesma,
putCis dawyebisTanave iaraRis sawyobad aqcies. saxelmwifo gada-
trialebis Semdgom gaxorcielda represiebi erovnuli xelisu-
flebis momxre xelovanebis mimarT: gogi gelovanis, iza gigoSvi-
lis, maia TomaZis, medea faniaSvilis, akaki xidaSlis, latavra
foCianis, lia eliavas, oTar koberiZis, Tamar kraveiSvilis, var-
lam (lali) nikolaZis, TaTia xaindravas, elene sayvareliZis, maka
bardaveliZis, lia gudaZis, nestan Sarias, asiko gamsaxurdias, ma-
rine iSxnelis, manana menabdis, SoTa kiknaZis, kaxa migineiSvilis...
isini Teatrebidan, konservatoriebidan da kinostudiebidan gan-
devnes. gancdili stresis gamo, zogierTi maTgani, permanentul
represiebsa da stress fizikurad emsxverpla (faniaSvili, Toma-
34
Ze, gigoSvili, lia eliava... SevardnaZis reJimis periodSi gar-
daicvalnen!). marjaniSvilis Teatris msaxiobi, asmaT tyablaZe
interviuSi acxadebs: òTar meRvineTuxucesi kinoSia daTa Tu-
TaSxia, cxovrebaSi is nikandro qiriaa, gaiZvera da mkvleli~...
operis baRSi `mxedrionelebis~ karvebis fonze, operis Teatris
win permanentul mitingebs marTavdnen reaqciuli opozicionere-
bi, romlebic prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gadadgomasTan er-
Tad misgan kategoriulad moiTxovdnen rusuli propagadnistuli
manqanis `vremias~ gadacemis aRdgenas televiziiT, raTa ar Se-
ferxebuliyo imperiis mier organizebuli samxedro gadatriale-
bis procesi da kontrolirebuli yofiliyo igi.
qvemoT warmodgenil fotoze operis Teatris win, Cvens mier
xsenebul plakatis fonze, reaqciul opoziciasTan erTad (goga
xaindrava, niko CigogiZe (il.WavWavaZis sazogadoebisa da Semd-
gom saxalxo partiis wevri), gela nikoleiSvili, guram yora-
naSvili, svanuri qudiT – jumber kopaliani, Temur kvirkvelia
– saxelmwifo televiziisa da mogvianebiT SevardnaZis uzenaesi
sasamarTlos administraciuli moxele), jabasa da jumber kopa-
lians mxars ukan, kepkiT, igor giorgaZe dgaaas?... dabejiTebiT ver
vityviT, rameTu fotos arasrulyofili kadria, magram gasakviric
araferi iqneba...
35
2013 wlis 25 dekembers Temur kvirkvelias Sesaxeb facebook-ze
aseTi ram dawera saberZneTSi myofma socialurma migrantma bela
arCemaSvilma (Bella Archemashvili): `kvirkvelias Cauvlia xeli Rvin-
jilia levanasTvis, miqaberiZe ruslana, SakiaSvili, miminoSvili,
magisTanebi kidev ramdenime da jer kidev oqtomberi iyo, ar iyo is
samarcxvino omi dawyebuli, Camowanwaldnen TianeTSi. klubSi, Ca-
momyvanma `kagebe~-Snikma daaxvedra xalxi, mivediT da ras vismenT,
CamovagdoT gamsaxurdiao...gavaTiSineT deni, gamovrekeT iqidan...
amaT icodnen, rom 22-Si yvelaferi damTavrdeboda ise, rogorc
damTavrda da daiwyo qveynis daqceva, dRemde rom grZeldeba...
exla zis òbieqtivSi~ da unamusod moZRvravs xalxs...~
Temur kvirkvelia gaxldaT saxelmwifo televiziis admi-
nistraciuli muSaki, SemdgomSi genprokuroris pres-samsaxuris
ufrosi, Semdgom uSiSroebis sabWos wevri, Jurnalisti.
`mxedrionis~ karvis banakebidan male warmoiSva ramdenime Svi-
lobili banakebi: Wanturia-sariSvili, mamuka giorgaZe, irakli qa-
dagiSvili, giorgi kobaxiZe, nestan kirTaZe, beso juReli, goga
gogniaSvili, vano xuxunaiSvili, guram CaxvaZe... gamagrdnen Teatra-
luri institutis kuTvnili Senobis meore sarTulze (romelic maT
ukanonod hqondaT dasakuTrebuli da romlis dabrunebasac mrava-
li weli sasamarTloTi uSedegod cdilobda am institutis dekani,
aseve, gamsaxurdias opozicioneri gogi doliZe). mTavrobis damxobis
mWeqare mowodebebiT gamodiodnen: zurab Jvania, gia baramiZe, levan
mamalaZe, gia (giorgi) gaCeCilaZe, xaTuna gogoriSvili, maTTan iyo
zurab noRaidelic (SemdgomSi, SevardnaZis finansTTa ministri, e.w.
`mwvaneebi~). (fotoze: noRaideli, Jvania, gogoriSvili, baramiZe).
36
ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebidan: Tamar CxeiZe, luiza SakiaSvi-
li, boris kakubava, jumber kopaliani, guram yoranaSvili, zurab
cincaZe, irakli maWavariani, vaxtang ZabiraZe, raul kuprava...
agreTve: Zmebi ivliane da goga xaindravebi, nana kakabaZe, Ten-
giz SarmanaSvili, vaxtang rCeuliSvili, nodar naTaZe, avTandil
imnaZe, vaxtang xmalaZe, rezo SaviSvili, gia JorJoliani, irakli
Sengelaia... operis win awyobdnen permanentul mitingebs. irakli
wereTeli, Teimuraz sumbaTaSvili, Tornike fifia, Temur fifia
da sxv. gamagrebuli iyvnen ìmelis~ SenobasTan. Temur fifia (uni-
versitetis docenti, Tornike fifias Zma, SemdgomSi, SevardnaZis
saxelmwifo moxele) megafonis `ruporad~ iyo gadaqceuli da mTe-
li xmiT gahyviroda, rom TiTqos zviadma, Savnabadaze Caxoca aTo-
biT gvardieli da xalxs mouwodebda xelisuflebaze ieriSisaken,
– `nu zixarT saxlebSi~-o.
irakli baTiaSvili, dro da dro, xan `mxedrionelebis~ barika-
debze Cndeboda da xanac irakli wereTlisas. maTTan iyo cru-mo-
narqisti Temur JorJolianic, romelic, agreTve respublikis
moedanzec gamodioda zviadis sawinaaRmdego mitingebze da zviads
`satanas~ eZaxda: `satana unda gadadges, satana unda moscildes sa-
qarTvelos... satanis gadadgoma mSvidobas moutans saqarTvelos~.
es gaxlavT foto-dokumen-
turi kadri T. JorJolianis Ta-
vxeduri Selaparakebisa zviad
gamsaxurdiasTan, razedac mkve-
Trad Cans zviadis reaqciac...
aseve, satanad saxavda zviads
anzor abJandaZec, romelmac
zviadis `satanizmis~ ricxviTi
formulac ki gamoiyvana.
xolo goga xaindrava, ti-
piuri wiTeli specagenti ki
agresias ver malavda 28 oqtombris arCevnebis Sedegebis gamo da
megafonSi ZarRvebis daskdomamde gahyviroda: `putCi daiwyo saqar-
TveloSi 28 oqtombers, gaigeT xalxno! ... axla moqmedebis droa,
Cven viRupebiT!~
aseve, valeri vaSakiZec (SemdgomSi SevardnaZis parlamentari
da ltolvilTa ministri).
37
zemoxsenebul radikalur opoziciasTan Cndebodnen mwerlebi: elgu-
ja maRraZe, daTo maRraZe, laSa TabukaSvili, jumber TiTmeria, lia be-
doSvili, misi qmari daviT aqubardia(SemdgomSi `telekompania~ kavka-
siis damfuZnebeli), zurab Toria, misi coli Tsu-dan izolda WilaZe,
zaur da geno kalandiebi, ciala ardaSelia... es ukanaskneli qalbatoni
gansakuTrebuli agresiiT gamoirCeoda zviad gamsaxurdiasa da mis momxre-
Ta mimarT da SeiaraRebul xuntas geSavda erovnuli xelisuflebis momxre
momitingeebis mimarT. mogvianebiT, es literatori ardaSelia telekompania
`kavkasiis~ eTerSi cremlebs Rvrida afxazeTis dakargvis gamo, TiTqos misi
wvlilic ar yofiliyo im totalur katastrofaSi, rac erovnuli xelisu-
flebis damxobas mohyva.
universitetis e.w. pres-klubelebi (proreqtor
vaxtang goguaZis ideologiuri Svilebi): daTo tu-
raSvili, fiqria CixraZe, Tedo isakaZe, nikoloz
nikoloziSvili... pirvel klasikur gimnaziis win
mowyobil karavSi aTen-aRamebdnen.
daTo turaSvili, saxelmwifo televiziasTa-
nac gamodioda zviadis xelisuflebis iaraRiT
damxobis mowodebiT. turaSvili, 1992 wlis xun-
tis egzekuciebis dros, gia yayaraSvilsac axlda
samegreloSi avtomatiT xelSi, risi video-kadric
arsebobs (ix. foto videodan). 2012 wlis martSi,
yarabaRSi mweralTa Sekrebaze, turaSvilma adgi-
lobriv JurnalistTan interviuSi ganacxada, rom
„afxazeTs aqvs ufleba gaakeTos arCevani damoukideblobaze“
(ix. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7Fq1U2h9pg “Абхазия имеет
право на выбор”). turaSvilma, mogvianebiT, samegreloSi av-
tomatiT yofnac uaryo da yarabaRSic gakeTebuli gancxade-
bac, Cems Sesaxeb uamravi sisuleleebi iwerebao. ar aris ga-
moricxuli, turaSvilma, am fotoze misi yofnac uaryos.
gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac man, zviad gamsaxurdias, qebiTi esse uZRvna.
turaSvilis fsiqo-tipi da fenomeni zustad aqvs danaxuli, uflebadacviT
cnobil aqtivists, irakli kupraZes; (ix. posti misi facebook-is gverdidan
Irakli Kupradze 2012 weli):
`daTo turaSvilma erTi Tvis win nacionaluri moZraobis kandidatis,
nika ruruas mxardaWriT Segvaxsena Tavi. amis Semdeg, ramdenime dReSi tu-
raSvili giorgi gabunias gadacemaSi ijda Tavisufal demokratebTan erTad,
rogorc maTi mxardamWeri da Tan Cvenc mxardaWeriken mogviwoda. dRes, „Za-
lian principuli“ daTo turaSvili baTumSi gvestumra maJoritarobis da-
moukidebeli kandidatis armaz axvledianis piaraqciaze da mogviyva rogori
kargi, namdvili morwmune da demokratia armaz axvlediani.
am postiT Cems damokidebulebebs xsenebuli partiebisadmi saerTod ar
38
vusvam xazs, ubralod, turaSvilis qmedebebs aRvniSnav. Tu vinme icnobT da
megobrobT, rogorc moyvarem ùZraxeT pirSi~ da urCieT, rom morCes tra-
kis TamaSs da Camoyalibdes, Torem gare xedviT amazrzenad aRiqmeba misi es
polit-`gaxsniloba~.
goka gabaSvili, giga bokeria, daviT paiWaZe, xaTuna gogoriSvili,
gia baramiZe, zurab Jvania, giorgi Wanturia, irakli melaSvili, giorgi
mamulia, giorgi maisuraZe... universitetis kibeebze damsxdar revolucio-
ner `wiTeli inteligenciis~ axalgazrdul frTas warmoadgendnen da xmas
uerTebdnen `diqtator~ zviad gamsaxurdias damxobis mowodebebSi.
universitetis profesor vaxuSti kotetiSvils, Tavisi saxli daTmobi-
li hqonda, SeiaraRebuli opoziciisaTvis, saidanac xunta haubicebs esro-
da mTavrobis saxls. ormxrivi srolebis Sedegad misi saxlic mniSvnelovnad
dazianda, ris gamoc vaxuSti isteriulad gahyviroda: `37 wels daxvretili
mamaCemis saxl-muzeumi daangries... mamaCemisa, romlis saflavic ki ar aris
SemorCenili da es misi erTaderTi Zegli-saxli mospes da gaanadgures, is
rac komunistebs gadaurCa, ai am erovnulma mTavrobam gadabuga da mospo!~
mogvianebiT, sazRvargareT iZulebiT emigrirebuli `mrgvali magideli~
aleqsandre sanduxaZe dawers: `vin ifiqrebda, SavCoxiani vaxtang kote-
tiSvilis gafuWebuli Ze vaxuSti, daupirispirdeboda SavCoxosan konstan-
tine gamsaxurdias Svils?~
revolucioneri wiTeli inteligenciis am fotoze,

universitetis win, vaxuSti kotetiSvili, xelmarcxniv pirveli dgas.
39
`wiTeli inteligenciis~ amgvarive agresiuli warmomadgeneli,
reJisori giga lorTqifaniZe imuqreboda: `gamsaxurdia uniaTo
mmarTvelia, is daupirispirda sazogadoebis saukeTeso nawils –
inteligencias da es inteligencia mas gadaiyolebs!~
da, vin iyvnen, sinamdvileSi, es ìnteligenciis saukeTeso~
nawili?! vin iyvnen da, rogorc konstantine gamsaxurdia ityoda,
ìnteleqtualuri vasalebi~.
putCistebis ojaxi – marika lorTqifaniZe – Svili giorgi oTxmezuri,

Zma – giga lorTqifaniZe – rZali qeTevan kiknaZe – msaxiobi.
uSiSroebis general-maiori anzor maisuraZe erT-erT inter-

viuSi acxadebs, rom ` Cveni inteligenciidan TiTqmis yvela, xazs
vusvam, TiTqmis yvela, vinc gasuli saukunis ocdaaTiani wlebis
represiebs gadaurCa, TanamSromlobda specsamsaxurebTan~ da
amis sailustracio magaliTad mas mohyavs cnobili mecnieri niko
mari. swored amgvari `saukeTeso nawilis~ warmomadgeneli gaxl-
daT giga lorTqifaniZec da is inteligencia, romlebic kremlis
direqtivebiT daupirispirdnen damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erov-
nul xelisuflebas, rogorc 20-ian aseve 90-ian wlebSic!
sabWoTa mwerlebi, Teatralebi da mecnierebi 70-iani wlebidan,
axladgamoCenil disidentebs aqtiurad upirispirdebodnen, ro-
gorc wiTeli cenzuris dumilis damrRvevT. gazeT àxalgazrda
40
komunistSi~ sabWoTa poetma rezo amaSukelma gailaSqra zviad
gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas winaaRmdeg 1978 wels paskviliT
– `Ramurebi~. amas(S)ukeli mZvinvarebda: `kostava da gamsaxurdia
socialistur samSoblos lanZRaven radio àmerikis xmasa~ da `Ta-
visuflebaSi~o. safrangeTSi emigrirebulma uSiSroebis yofilma
TanamSromelma 80-90-an wlebSi nugzar sulaSvilma sakuTar feis-
buqze dado posti: `rezo amaSukeli (anu cocxali mZori) iyo `kgb~-s
agenti. ìyos~-s vambob imitom, rom axla ukve misi agenturuli re-
sursi aRaravis sWirdeba, garda sakuTari gamoCerCetebuli Tavisa.
misi piradi kartoTekis asli 1993 wels gadmomca polkovnikma gu-
ram Tvaurma, gadambirebelis polkovnik givi polikaSvilis Tanx-
mobiT. rodesac is moqalaqeTa kavSiris pirvel modgiled iniSni-
boda 1993 wels, piradad davureke vaxtang goguaZes da avuxseni,
rom kontrdazvervis samsaxurs gaaCnda mamxilebeli dokumentebi
mis winaaRmdeg da ar SeiZleboda misi sapasuxismgeblo Tanamdebo-
baze daniSvna. ramdenime dReSi qalaqis uSiSroebis sammarTvelos
ufrosma avTandil ioselianma mTxova masalebi misTvis gadameca
mokvlevis mizniT, ris Semdegac is ugzo-ukvlod gaqra, xolo es
mZori daniSna pirvel moadgiled. misi verbovkis saxelia `kapkana~.
ai, amgvari nomenklaturuli mweral-Semoqmed-mecnierTa mier
iyo mxardaWerili erovnuli xelisuflebis samxedro-kriminaluri
gadatrialeba.
vaJa adamia, erTi tankiTa da SeiaraRebuli razmelebiT gama-
grda merab kostavas ezoSi, romelic, agreTve mis sacxovrebel
ezosac warmoadgenda. es renegati, samwuxarod, Zalian male sas-
tikad dasaja RmerTma; mas, imave ezoSi, erTaderTi vaJi im Wur-
vze aufeTqda, romelic zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg brZolebis
dros SemorCa. mogvianebiT ki (2005 wlis 3 noembers), Tavad vaJa
adamia, Telasis ori TanamSromlis pistoletiT daWris gamo daapa-
timres da sapatimroSi man sruli 4 weli moixada. mogvianebiT am
stomatologs kvlav mouwia cixis kedlebis xexva sxva kriminaluri
danaSaulisaTvis...
orjer kriminalur patimrobamoxdilma, saxelmwifo damnaSave
vaJa adamiam, 2016 wlis 29 ivliss, erTi cnobili mwerlis wignis
`prezentaciaze,~ mweralTa kavSirSi dabejiTebiT ganacxada: èrov-
nuli moZraobis liderebSi gadawyvetili iyo, rom damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos xelisuflebis saTaveSi gia Wanturia unda yofiliyo
41
da es gadawyvetileba mxardaWeril-mowonebuli iyo zeviT da sazR-
vargareTis politikur liderebSic~-o. v. adamias es gancxadebac
naTlad adasturebs, rom maTi SeiaraRebuli dapirispireba pre-
zident zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg, pirovnuli iyo da imarTe-
boda ruseTis imperiis `kgb~ da `gru~-sgan.
mweralTa kavSirSi im wignis ganxilvas mec veswrebodi da ro-
desac ganxilva damTavrda, v. adamia darbazSi SevaCere da vuTxa-
ri: `saqarTvelo rom saxelmwfod Semdgariyo, Sen kriminalze ki
ar unda mogexada sasjeli, aramed saxelmwifos winaSe Cadenili
danaSaulisaTvis~-meTqi! (TurqeTma da litvam, 2000 wlebSi gaasa-
marTles 90-ian wlebSi samxedro gadatrialebaSi monawile maRali
Tanamdebobis pirebi da samxedro maRalCinosnebi).
vaJa adamia, romelic veraze,
merab kostavas saxlis mimde-
bare ezoSi daibada da gaizar-
da, merabis politpatimrobi-
dan gaTavisuflebis Semdgom,
merabisa da zviadis Taname-
brZoli gaxda da merabis gar-
dacvalebisTanave, zviadTan
uSualo konsultaciiT daaar-
sa `merab kostavas sazogadoe-
ba da fondi~, riTac dRemde
arsebobs. `merab kostavas
sazogadoebiT~ ki, zviad gam-
saxurdiam igi `mrgvali magida
– Tavisufali saqarTvelos
blokSi~ Seiyvana da uzenaesi
sabWos deputati gaxada. am
fondSi Seqmnili arasaxarbie-
lo (flangviTi) viTarebis
gamo, zviads xSirad uwevda vaJa adamias nacvlad pasuxisgeba, ma-
gram mainc ar moikveTa igi. adamiam ki yvela sikeTe, mxolod mtro-
biTa da borotebiT gadauxada.
yvelaze cinikuri da ulmobeli qmedeba vaJa adamias mxridan
ki gaxldaT `merab kostavas sazogadoebis~ saxeliT SeiaraRebuli
da gaafTrebuli brZolis wamowyeba zviad gamsaxurdias, rogorc
42
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis da erovnuli
xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg imperiuli ruseTis sasargeblod!
e.w. `patrioti da merab kostavas sazogadoebis~ Tavmjdomare
vaJa adamia, 1992 wlis 22 marts lanCxuTis raionis sazogadoebis
erT nawilTan Sexvedrisas aseT gancxadebas akeTebs: `yvela valde-
bulia dadebiTad Seafasos eduard SevardnaZis saqarTveloSi Ca-
mosvla, radgan misi politikuri niWi da udidesi saerTaSoriso
avtoriteti, swored rom haeriviT sWirdeba ekonomikurad dan-
greul da politikurad gaTiSul saqarTvelos~.
xolo, Tu rogor àayvava~ ekonomiurad, rogor aRmofxvra po-
litikuri gaTiSuloba erSi da rogor `gaaerTiana~ saqarTvelo,
es kritikuli kiTxva, SevardnaZis madidebel vaJa adamiasTvis rom
dagesvaT, utifrad gipasuxebdaT, rom savsebiT swori gadawyve-
tileba iyo zviadis damxoba da SevardnaZis Camoyvanao.
`mrgvali magidis~ politikuri organizaciis wevrebi iZulebu-
li gaxdnen adeqvaturi RonisZiebebisaTvis miemarTaT, – garedan
marTuli revanSistebisagan konstituciuri xelisuflebis dasaca-
vad, mTavrobis saxlis win karvebi maTac gaSales. prezidents ar
surda mTavrobis sasaxlis winamdebare teritoria SeiaraRebuli
gvardielebiT gaemagrebina, vinZlo sisxliani dapirispirebis pro-
vocireba ar momxdariyo.
saxelmwifo universitetis ezoSi dabanakebuli `mxedrionele-
bi~ sistematurad iWrebodnen universitetis SenobaSi da sityvier
da fizikur Seuracxyofasac ki ayenebdnen kanonieri xelisufle-
bis mxardamWer profesor-maswavleblebsa da studentebs. `mxe-
drionelebTan~ erTad, am mxriv, aqtiurobdnen irakli wereTlis
erovnul-damoukideblobis partiis wevrebic. magaliTad, misma
erT-erTma wevrma koba xabazma (SemdgomSi m. saakaSvilis kancela-
riis moxelem da parlamentarma) sityvieri da fizikuri Seuracxyo-
fa miayena universitetis maswavlebels q-n karbelaSvils. mo-
gvianebiT, am xabazma ufro samarcxvino saqcieli Caidina, – metro
`rusTavelTan~ moaxloebul kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardamWer
manifestantebs, merab kostavas ezos galavnidan, agina da falosi
uCvena. es iyo voluntarizmis TareSi. am Tavze xelaRebul volun-
taristebs ki zurgs umagrebdnen qveynis SigniT Tu gareT myofi
komunisti liderebi, yofili funqcionerebi.
43
zemoxsenebuli revanSistuli opoziciis TiTqmis absoluturi
umravlesoba, samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebis Semdgom xeli-
suflebaSi movida. universitetis proreqtori ideologiis darg-
Si vaxtang goguaZe xuntis parlamentis spikeri gaxda. goguaZem,
romelic gaxldaT ideologi saqarTvelos antisaxelmwifoebrivi
Zalebisa, spikerad gaxdomisTanave oficialuri madloba gadauxa-
da xuntis mTavar SeiaraRebul Zalebs:
xolo, 1993 wlis 27 ivliss, soWis xelSekrulebaze xelmoweriT

(afxazeTis mxridan – sokrat jinjolia) ruseTs oficialurad Caa-
bara afxazeTi da saqarTvelos СНГ-Si `SeTrevis~ (nodar naTaZe)
xelSekrulebazec moskovSi manve moawera xeli.
SevardnaZe-sigua-ioseliani-goguaZe-rCeu-
liSvilisa da erTi muWa ruseTume wiTeli in-
teligenciis gadawyvetileba sng-Si Sesvlaze,
sulac ar gamoxatavda sruliad saqarTvelos
mosaxleobis nebas. da arc TviT maSindeli par-
lamentarebis umravlesobisas, aramed Zalad
Tavsmoxveuli gadawyvetileba gaxldaT.
rogorc zemoT vTqviT, opozicia manamde
iyo dapirispirebuli zviad gamsaxurdiasTan,
vidre igi qveynis pirveli mmarTveli gaxde-
44
boda da Semdgomi miTi prezident gamsaxurdias diqtatorobis
Sesaxeb, maT mierve iyo SeTxzuli. opozicia ar iyo gulwrfeli,
opoziciam, ubralod zviadis primati – prezidentoba ver aitana.
òRond zviadi nu iqneba da vinc unda iyos!~ aseT upasuxismgeblo
da imperatiul gancxadebebs gaigonebdiT maTgan. yvela braldeba
zviadis winaaRmdeg nasazrdoebi iyo piradi mtrobiTa da SuriT
da ra Tqma unda, qveynis interesebidan ar gamomdinareobda. opo-
ziciis, arcerTi warmomadgeneli, ar gaxldaT saxelmwifoebrivad
moazrovne da moklebul iyvnen saTnoebas, rom Tundac erTi weli
ecliaT erovnuli xelisuflebisaTvis, raTa maT mSvid viTareba-
Si ganexorcielebinaT reformebi da saxelmwifo mowyoba. aramed
isini, prezidents, araprofesional kadrebze ukiJinebdnen, maSin,
roca Tavadac kargad uwyodnen, rom 70-wlianma sabWoTa komunis-
turma mmarTvelobam, yvelaze mZime daRi swored kadrebs daasva.
TviT prezidentic, am mZime memkvidreobas, misi xelisuflebis
àqilevsis quslad~ ganixilavda. 1991 wlis 15 noembris satele-
vizio gamosvlaSi igi aRniSnavda, rom samocdaaTwliani komunis-
turi mmarTvelobis periodSi `moxda Cveni kadrebis gaxrwna da
gadagvareba. ai, aseT dros ratom gikvirT, ver vpoulobde Sesafe-
ris kadrebs Tanamdebobebze?... mogvawodeT Tqveni kandidaturebi,
mogvexmareT kadrebis SerCevaSi... kadrebis umarTebulo SerCevam
moitana Zalze savalalo Sedegebi... vinaidan varT omis mdgomareo-
baSi dRidan Cveni arCevisa...~.
namdvilad, `kadrebis umarTebulo SerCevad~ unda Sefasdes,
prezidentis mxridan, Tengiz kitovanis, gogi xoStarias, murman
omaniZis, vaxtang (loTi) qobalias msgavs odiozur pirTa daniSvna
maRal saxelisuflebo postebze. agreTve, sabWoTa komunisturi
reJimis prokuroris, vaxtang razmaZis datoveba Tanamdebobaze.
v. razmaZis mimarT amgvari Semwynarebloba zviad gamsaxurdias
mxridan, uTuod, pirovnuli madlierebis gamoxatuleba gaxldaT.
kerZod, sakavSiro ck-s hqonda mcdeloba, zviad gamsaxurdia da
merab kostava, jer kidev 1975 wels daepatimrebinaT, risTvisac,
moskovidan Camovidnen ruseTis `kgb~-s warmomadgenlebi davale-
biT, rom CaetarebinaT Cxreka `kolxur koSkSi~ aralegaluri li-
teraturis aRmosaCenad. amisTvis maT sWirdebodaT prokuroris
sanqcia, rac vaxtang razmaZes unda gaeca. moskovidan movlenilma
kgb-s warmomadgenlebma, v. razmaZes kabinetSi Sesabamisi brZaneba
45
warudgines, magram vinaidan im xanebSi, mwerali konstantine gam-
saxurdia ukve dauZlurebuli gaxldaT, razmaZem, Tavis mxridan
uari ganucxada maT saWiro sanqciis gacemaze da urCia, rom amis-
Tvis qalaqis prokurorisTvis miemarTaT. Tumca, sanam stumrebi
qalaqis prokurorTan mividodnen, razmaZem telefoniT gaafrTxi-
la prokurori, rom ar gaeca sanqcia maTTvis.
ruseTis spec-jgufis `kolxur koSkSi~ CxrekisTvis SeWras, Se-
saZloa, marTlac daeCqarebina klasikosi mwerlis sikvdili, rac
did xmaurs gamoiwvevda. moskovidan movlenili Cekistebi, vaxtang
razmaZis moxerxebiT, gawbilebuli dabrundnen ukan.
es, rac Seexeba moralur faqtors; politikuri aspeqtiT ki,
imdroindeli sabWouri kanonmdeblobiT, mokavSire respublike-
bSi prokurorebi moskovidan iniSnebodnen (ase iyo baltiispire-
Tis respublikebSic) da zviads, maSinve romc daeniSna sakuTari
kadri, razmaZes SeeZlo ar gadamdgariyo da ruseTis direqtivebi
ganexorcielebina, rasac akeTebda kidec! razmaZis prokuroris
Tanamdebobaze droebiT datoveba, ZiriTadad, am xisti viTarebiT
(SeiZleba iTqvas orxelisuflebianobiT) iyo ganpirobebuli.
arasaTanado kadrebis yolis miuxedavad, erovnulma xelisu-
flebam mainc SeZlo SeemuSavebina ekonomikuri reformebis, pri-
vatizaciisa da kerZo sakuTrebis kompleqsuri programa, romlis
gaxorcielebas politikuri stabilizacia da dro esaWiroeboda,
rac agenturuli opoziciis mtruli saqmianobiT ver iqna miRweu-
li. agenturuli opozicia premier-ministr Tengiz siguas xelmZR-
vanelobiT prezidentisagan kategoriulad moiTxovda miwis kerZo
sakuTrebaSi dauyovnebliv gadacemas, razec prezidenti pasuxob-
da: ìs, vinc dRes qadagebs miwis kerZo sakuTrebaSi gadacemas mo-
qalaqeobis kanonis gareSe, saqarTvelos mteria, namdvili moRala-
tea Cveni erovnuli interesebisa. jer unda gvqondes moqalaqeobis
kanoni, romelic amJamad muSavdeba.~
sawarmoebisa da dawesebulebebis privatizaciamde ki, preziden-
ti aseve aucileblad miiCnevda saqarTvelos erovnuli simdidree-
bis srul inventarizaciasa da qonebis Sefasebas. manamde ki, qveya-
nas aucileblad unda hqonoda sakuTari myari erovnuli valuta,
risTvisac aseve izruna prezidentma; safrangeTSi dabeWdili
larisa da TeTris saqarTveloSi transportirebas xels mxolod
arsebuli destabilizacia uSlida.
46
uzenaesma sabWom SeimuSava dadgenileba saxelmwifos sawarmoTa
privatizebis Sesaxeb (ix. dadgenileba) da am kanonis amoqmedebasac,
5 oqtombers dawyebulma destabilizaciam SeuSala xeli.
47
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias politikuri kredo amgvari iyo:
destabilizaciis erT-erTi organizatori, fsevdo erovnul-de-

mokrati gia Wanturia, sapatimrodan aseT gancxadebebs akeTebda: zviad
gamsaxurdias àrsebobis sul ramdenime kvira Tu darCenia~ da Tavis
partielebs emuqreboda: `vinc dRes saqarTveloSi xels Seuwyobs po-
litikur stabilizacias, is Cveni partiis gareT daiyenebs Tavs!~
gia Wanturias partiuli programis devizSi deklarirebuli mi-
zani `saqarTvelo qarTvelebisTvis~, zviad gamsaxurdias miaweres,
riTac aqtiurad manipulirebda misdami mtrulad ganwyobili
opozicia da nacionaluri umciresobebis mtrad da diqtatorad
moixseniebdnen mas. 2015 wlis 26 agvistos, ruseTis prezidentma
dimitri medvedevma, xeli moawera ra brZanebulebebs `ruseTis
mier samxreT oseTis damoukideblobisa da afxazeTis damoukide-
blobis cnobis Taobaze,~ – ganacxada, rom `1991 wels saqarTve-
los prezidentma gamsaxurdiam mowodebiT – `saqarTvelo – qar-
TvelebisTvis,~ ubrZana soxumsa da cxinvalze Seteva~.
ase propagandistulad da saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi in-
teresebis sazianod imuSava gia Wanturias devizma prezident
48
zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg, xolo devizis realuri avtori
Wanturia ki qvabavazakurad iRimoda.
qveyanaSi mimdinare destabilizacia,
Tavisi saxifaTo eskalaciiT, simSvidis
safuZvels ar qmnida, rac SfoTSi ag-
debda sruliad saqarTvelos mosaxleo-
bas. maTma didma nawilma TbilisSi
moiyara Tavi. isini opozicias xelisu-
flebasTan Serigebisaken mouwodebdnen.
zviad gamsaxurdia gamoTqvamda
mzadyofnas da survils opoziciasTan
dialogisa, magram opozicias ar surda
dialogi, aramed mxolod gadadgoma. Se-
rigebis moTxovniT msxverplSewirvis
ulmobeli aqti ganaxorciela axalga-
zrda eqimma (kardiologma) gia abesaZem
– man rusTavelze (edp-s Stab-binasTan) benzini gadaisxa da Tavi daiwva.
«Tu qarTvelTa Serigebas da saqarTvelos aRorZinebas msxver-
pli sWirdeba, dae, es msxverpli me viyo. RmerTma qnas – bolo.
Svilo, mapatie, vici, rom gamigeb». ewera eqim abesaZis mier dana-
tovar baraTSi. abesaZis gamaognebeli msxverplSewirvisa da didu-
bis Telasze SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmis msxverplTa gamo saqarTve-
los mTavrobam glovis dRe gamoacxada (ix. dadgenileba).
49
Telasze SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmis satelevizio sainformacio
kadrebSi, uzenaesi sabWos deputati gela CorgolaSvili warmoCin-
da. CorgolaSvilma presisTvis micemul interviuSi uaryo Tavi-
si monawileoba da kavSiri amfeTqeblebTan da afeTqebis, mxolod
SemTxveviT TviTmxilvelad daasaxela Tavi.
kremlidan marTuli qarTveli opozicionerebi ki, Serigebas,
arafris fasad ar apirebdnen, aramed mxolod ngrevas da oms!
pirveli mkvaxe braldeba, rac renegatma opozicionerebma zviad
gamsaxurdias wauyenes, es gaxldaT 1978 wlis konstituciis moqmede-
baSi datoveba da 1921 wlis konstituciis aRudgenloba. erovnuli
xelisuflebis mier 1978 wlis konstituciis moqmedebaSi datoveba
droebiTi iyo, rac gardamavali periodisaTvis ualternativo au-
cileblobas warmoadgenda qveynis teritoriuli mTlianobis dacvi-
sa da SenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT. es konstitucia ar warmoadgenda
axal redaqcias, aramed, am kostituciaSi, prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias uzenaesi sabWos mier Setanil iqna Zireuli cvlilebebi
axali politikuri mowyobis sistemiT. amasTanave, aRniSnul konsti-
tuciaSi pirvelad Caido, adamianTa uflebis dacvis sakiTxSi, saer-
TaSorisod aRiarebuli demokratiuli uflebebi da normebi. masSi,
sabWouri konstituciis arcerTi punqti ar iqna datovebuli. pa-
ralelurad daisaxa axali konstituciis Seqmnis gegma.
jer kidev, kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis arsebobis pi-
robebSi, 1992 wlis 2 ianvars, samxedro sabWom (sigua-kitovani-io-
seliani-yaryaraSvili), saerTaSoriso normebis sruli ugulve-
belyofiT, gaauqma moqmedi 1978 wlis (gardaqmnili) konstitucia.
qveyana konstituciur vakuumSi aRmoCnda. xunta Cqarobda!
1992 wlis 18-20 ianvars, teqnikuri biblioTekis (kostavas q.)
darbazSi, saqarTvelos demografiuli sazogadoebis Tavkacis,
mixeil qurdianis TavmjdomareobiT, Catarda erovnuli kongre-
sis morigi sesia. sesiaze, irakli wereTelma, goga xaindravam, Ten-
giz SarmanaSvilma, vaJa mTavriSvilma, ivliane xaindravam Seafases
ra Seqmnili politikuri viTareba, miiRes rezolucia. miRebuli
rezoluciis mixedviT zviad gamsaurdias xelisufleba gamocxadda
ukanonod, radgan moqmedebda 1922 wlis konstituciiT da Sefasda
danaSaulebriv, avtoritarul reJimad. e.w. erovnuli kongresis
am me-17 sesiis gadawyvetilebiT, qveynis ZiriTad sakanonmdeblo
aqtad miCneul iqna 1918 wlis 27 maisis konstitucia. arCevnebSi
50
monawileobis ufleba miecemoda mxolod im politikur Zalebs,
romlebic aRiarebdnen 1918 wlis konstitucias.
zemoxsenebul sesiaze, irakli wereTelma, moiTxova miRebu-
liyo deklaracia demokratiuli revoluciis Sesaxeb, gauqmebu-
liyo prezidentis instituti da uzenaesi sabWo. mieRoT gadawy-
vetileba zviad gamsaxurdias, rogorc arakanonieri xelisuflebis
warmomadgenlis, dapatimrebis Sesaxeb.
wereTelma, agreTve ganacxada, rom qveyanaSi stabilizaciis
damkvidrebis mizniT, igi Tanaxmaa, rom saqarTvelo Sevides da-
moukidebeli qveynebis TanamegobrobaSi. Tumca, wereTelma maleve
sruliad sapirispiro gancxadebac gaakeTa: saqarTvelom aranairi
xelSekruleba ar unda dados ruseTTan; sanam arCevnebi ar Ca-
tardeba, saqarTvelos СНГ -Si Sesvlaze laparaki nadrevia. erov-
nuli kongresis am me-17 sesiis rezoluciaSi Setanil iqna moTxovna
erovnuli krebis Catarebis Sesaxeb.
yovlad uprincipo da politikur orientaciaSi lerwamiviT
meryvevi wereTeli, romelic „saqarTvelos erovnuli damoukide-
blobis partiis“ damfuZnebeli da saqarTvelos natoSi gawevriane-
bis momxre gaxldaT, axla okupant ruseTs umzerda lmobierad.
xolo, kitovanTan erTad, manac haubicebi da tyviebi daaxala
axalfexadgmul damoukidebel saqarTvelos.
prezidentis institutis gauqmebisa da koaliciuri mTavrobis
Seqmnis winadadebiT gamodiodnen qarTveli social-demokratebic:
guram muCaiZe, vaJa xaWapuriZe, fridon doCia da sxv. (ix. dokumen-
ti momdevno gverdze).
51
xuntam, Tebervlis dasawyisSi, sportis sasaxleSi organize-
ba gaukeTa e.w. erovnuli yrilobis (krebis) mowvevas, romelzec
miiRes gadawyvetileba 1921 wlis konstituciis aRdgenis Sesaxeb.
TavisTavad yriloba ar warmoadgenda legitimur organos da cxa-
dia mas amgvari saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis gadawyvetilebebis
miRebis ufleba arc hqonda. moqmedi konstituciis gauqmebiTa da
52
1921 wlis konstituciis aRdgeniT, xuntam, moSala saqarTvelos
teritoriuli mTlianobis dacvis samarTlebrivi meqanizmebi, rac
ruseTis imperiis pirdapir interesebSi Sedioda da xel-fexs uxs-
nida separatistebs.
erovnulma xelisuflebam, swored amgvari safrTxis srulad
gamoricxvis mizniT imTaviTve Tqva uari 1921 wlis 21 Teber-
vlis konstituciis aRdgenaze, rameTu, mocemul viTarebSi, ssrk
imperiuli konstituciisagan damcav meqanizmad igi ar gamodge-
boda! afxazma separatisebmac ar daayovnes! isargebles ra Seqm-
nili situaciiT, TavianTi uzenaesi sabWos 1992 wlis 23 ivlisis
sesiaze miiRes mTeli rigi antikonstituciuri aqtebisa. kerZod:
gamoacxades (1991-92 wlebSi cvlilebebiT da damatebebiT) 1978
wlis konstituciis moqmedebis Sewyveta da aRadgines afxazeTis
ssr 1925 wlis konstitucia, riTac samarTlebrivad uzrunvelyves
afxazeTis gasvla saqarTvelos respublikis Semadgenlobidan.
devnilobaSi myofma prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, Sevard-
naZes, jer kidev maisSi gamougzavna saprotesto werili, romelSic
naTqvami iyo: àfxazeTis respublikis uzenaes sabWoSi gaimarjva
separatistulma tendenciam da antiqarTulma kursma. undaT rom
SemoiRon afxazeTis moqalaqeobis kanoni... Seiqmna afxazuri gvar-
dia, moixsna qarTveli ministrebis umravlesoba, rac pirdapiri
Sedegia Tqvens mier mowyobili putCisa... kanonieri konstituciis
viTomcda SeCerebisa, Zveli konstituciis, viTomcda aRdgenisa...
saqarTvelos moqmed konstituciaSi Cawerilia afxazeTis avto-
nomiuri respublika, rogorc saqarTvelos ganuyofeli nawili,
samarTlebrivad gansazRvrulia misi daqvemdebareba saqarTvelos
centraluri xelisuflebisadmi. am konstituciis SeCerebiT Tqven
CaidineT udidesi danaSauli qarTveli eris winaSe, riTac afxaze-
Ti da samaCablo CamoaSoreT saqarTvelos. afxazeTis dRevandeli
xelisufleba imiT amarTlebs TavianT separatizms, rom saqarTve-
los axali konstitucia aRar arsebobs, xolo ZvelSi afxazeTis
avtonomia saerTod ar aris naxsenebi...~
xuntam, politikur opoziciasTan erTad, jer kanonieri erov-
nuli xelisuflebis iaraRiT damxobiT, xolo Semdgom moqmedi
konstituciis gauqmebiT Seamzada saqarTvelos teritoriuli mT-
lianobis rRveva. prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam ki, teritoriu-
li mTlianobis SenarCunebis mizniT gaakeTa iZulebiTi arCevani
53
– gardamavali periodis droebiTi ZiriTadi kanoni, kvlav, 1978
wlis konstituciaze daafuZna, romlidanac amoiRo mTeli rigi
muxlebi, Seitana fundamenturi cvlilebebi da damatebebi. xolo,
paralelurad Seqmna sakonstitucio komisia, romelsac daevala
1921 wlis 21 Tebervlis konstituciis safuZvelze SeemuSavebina
saqarTvelos axali konstitucia.
meore braldeba, rac prezidentis misamarTiT gaismoda agen-
turuli opoziciis mxridan, gaxldaT `politpatimrebis~ arsebo-
ba. e. SevardnaZesTan farul aliansSi myofi Wanturias, xaindravas,
ioselianis, sariSvilis, giorgaZis... aSkarad kriminaluri da des-
truqciuli qmedebebi seriozul safrTxes uqmnida saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis saerTaSoriso aRiarebas: aucilebeli Seiqmna gia
Wanturias, Temur talaxaZis, giorgi xaindravas, jaba ioselianis
droebiTi izolacia (prezidenti swored amgvar prevenciul Ro-
nisZiebaze laparakobda) da isini 1991 wlis 16 seqtembers daapa-
timres. Wanturias SeiaraRebuli erovnul-demokratiuli partia,
bandformireba `mxedrionTan~ erTad sCadioda sxvadasxva saxis
kriminalur danaSauls, ris Sedegadac erTob daiZaba kriminoge-
nuli viTareba respublikaSi. gia Wanturia, agreTve gaxldaT pra-
Ris konferenciis 24-e rezoluciis (1990 wlis 4-6 ivlisi) erT-er-
Ti Tanaavtori (xelmomweri), romelSic mizanmimarTulad Caiwera
dezinformacia, rom TiTqos, zviad gamsaxurdia mtrobs yvela na-
cionalur umciresobas da mitingebze maTi gasaxlebis moTxovnebs
ayenebso!
patimrobaSi myofma gia Wanturiam da goga xaindravam, pres-
konferenciac ki moawyves qarTveli da ucxoeli Jurnalistebisa-
Tvis cixis kedlebSi, risTvisac xeli arafriT SeuSlia `diqtator
gamsaxurdias~.
disidentebis saerTaSoriso Tavyrilobis organizatorma vac-
lav havelma, zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg disidentebis erTi
jgufis mier SemuSavebul am 24-e rezolucias, Tavad ar moawera
xeli, rasac kmayofilebiTa da mowonebiT aRniSnavda zviadi. mis-
Tvis yvelaze metad mtkivneuli iyo am cilismwameblur rezolu-
ciaze vladimer bukovskisa da parui airikianis xelmowera. somexi
disidenti p. airikiani, romelic merab kostavasTan erTad ixdida
sasjels, 1987 wels Camosuli iyo TbilisSi zviadTan. masTan Sexve-
drebsa da saubrebs, merab kostavasTan erTad `kolxur koSkSi~ mec
54
veswrebodi. daisaxa erToblivi moqmedebis gegma da p. airikiani
am SexvedriTa da saubrebiT, TiTqos didad kmayofili gaemgzavra
saqarTvelodan, ase Canda, magram Semdeg cnobili gaxda am rezo-
luciaze misi pirveli xelmowera, ramac Zalze daamwuxra zviadi.
swored am insinua-
ciur rezolucias
beWdavda antiqarTu-
li opoziciuri gaze-
Ti `qarTuli filmi~,
rasac xeli SeuSala
kanonieri xelisu-
flebis aRSfoTebul-
ma momxreebma. `rezo-
luciis~ xsenebul
gazeTSi gamoqveyneba
miznad isaxavda
araqarTveli mo-
saxleobis provo-
cirebas da ajanyebas
zviad gamsaxurdias
xelisuflebis wi-
naaRmdeg, eTnikuri
konfliqtebis kere-
bis warmoqmnas saqar-
Tvelos regionebSi.
garda amisa, j. iose-
liani sakuTari
bandformireba `mxe-
drioniT~ axdenda
sistematur Tavdasxmebs saqarTveloSi dislocirebul ruseTis
samxedro nawilebze, samxedro teqnikis mitacebis mizniT, riTac
ruseTis samxedro agresiis provocirebasac iwvevda, Tumca kremli
da misi samxedro uwyeba isedac sakmarisad aiaraRebda mis mierve
Seqmnil qarTul `mxedrions~.
55
praRis 24-e konferenciis monawileni sxvadasxva qveynebidan.
saqarTvelodan: gia Wanturia (meoTxe rigis boloSi), mis win –
irina sariSvili, sariSvilis xelmarcxniv – Tengiz gudava, gu-
davas gverdiT – paruir airikiani, mesame rigis marjvniv pir-
veli (TeTr samosSi) dgas eduard gudava, gudavadan mesame
– ivliane xaindrava, 1990.
am mravalricxovan personalTa fotoze, marcxnidan Camjdar md-
gomareobaSi pirveli (TeTri kostumiTa da zolebiani halstuxiT)
profiliT, Tumca Zalian hgavs mixeil saakaSvils, magram Cemi mra-
valmxrivi gadamowmebis Sedegad igi realurad aRmoCnda amerikeli
iuri iarim agaevi. informaciis gadasamowmeblad internet-mimowera
vawarmoe amerikaSi mcxovreb Zmeb gudavebTan, romlebTanac me, di-
sidenturi warsulidan, piradi nacnoboba makavSirebda. Tengiz gu-
davam momwera: ès pirovneba gaxlavT iuri iarim-agaevi, centrford
demokrasis prezidenti. mixeil saakaSvils CvenTan araviTari kavSi-
ri ar hqonia. pativiscemiT- Tengiz gudava, 30 ivlisi, 2008~. aseve,
amerikaSi mcxovrebma dodona kiziriam Tavis werilobiT pasuxSi
eWvi Seitana fotoze Cems mier saakaSvilad miCneul pirovnebaSi da
ar daadastura Cemi varaudi. aseve, ver daadastures saakaSvilis
namdviloba mamuka giorgaZem da irina sariSvilmac, romlebsac me
informaciisaTvis piradad mivmarTe. Tumca, verc CemTvis saintere-
so piris vinaoba daasaxeles: yvelas ar vicnobdiTo. Tengiz gudavas
56
pasuxma gafanta yvela eWvi saakaSvilis praRis konferenciaSi mo-
nawileobis Sesaxeb, rac vrceldeboda saakaSvilis sxvadasxva opo-
zicionerebis mxridanac internet-saitebiT.
mesame insinuaciuri braldeba agenturuli opoziciis mxridan
gaxldaT, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mier, viTomcda moskovis
putCisadmi mxardaWera da erovnuli gvardiis daSla.
rCeboda STabeWdileba, rom sigua winaswar iyo informirebu-
li moskovSi mosalodneli `putCis~Sesaxeb. amgvari varaudi sa-
fuZvels ar iyo moklebuli; analogiur daskvnamde mivyavarT uze-
naesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgilis nemo burWulaZis naambobsac:
`siguas gadadgoma... ufro gareT iyo SeTanxmebuli sxva ZalebTan...
misi gadadgoma moulodneli iyo... mogexsenebaT, moskovis putCi
19-Si daiwyo, man ki gadadgomis Sesaxeb gancxadeba gaakeTa 16-Si,
xolo 17-Si prezidiumis sxdomaze moitana...~.
maRali da sapatio Tanamdebobidan ase veragulad gaparuli si-
gua, saxelmwifo televiziasTan da respublikis moedanze mis mier
organizebul mitingebze, SeiaraRebul opozicias `diqtatori gam-
saxurdias~ damxobisken mouwodebda.
rac Seexeba kitovansa da mis gvardias, prezidents igi ar
dauSlia, mxolod saxelwodeba Seucvala, raTa daecva gvardia
imperiis SesaZlo agresiisagan. prezidentis 19 agvistos brZane-
bulebaSi – `saqarTvelos respublikis Sinagan saqmeTa saministros
Sinagani jarebi – erovnuli gvardiis reorganizaciis Sesaxeb~, 1
muxlSi miTiTebuli iyo: `saqarTvelos respublikis Sinagan saqme-
Ta saministros Sinagani jarebi – erovnul gvardias mieces gan-
sakuTrebuli daniSnulebis miliciis qvedanayofis statusi~.
saqarTvelos gvardiis policiis struqturebSi droebiTi Sey-
vana (miTumetes, rodesac, Tavdapirvelad, gvardia swored Sinagan
saqmeTa saministros qvemdebared Seiqmna) wingamxedvare gonivru-
li taqtika iyo axalSeqmnili gamoucdeli da jerac arasakmari-
sad SeuiaraRebeli gvardiis gadasarCenad; araferi iyo dasaZraxi
axalfexadgmuli damoukidebeli qveynis prezidentis sifrTxile-
Si. prezidents, sagangebo mdgomareobis dros amgvari brZanebule-
bisa da gankargulebis gacemis ufleba konstituciiT hqonda mi-
niWebuli (muxli 1214–is 22 punqtis meore nawili da muxli 1216).
kitovanis gvardiis rkonSi dislokaciis mizezad, preziden-
tis mier gvardiis statusis Secvlis dasaxeleba, sinamdvileSi
iyo sababi, raTa kitovans, prezidentis (rogorc mTavarsardlis)
57
kontrolidan gamoeyvana gvardiis nawilebi da advilad ganexor-
cielebina putCi. igi siguas instruqtaJiT moqmedebda. sigua ki
uSualo kavSir-urTierTobaSi imyofeboda kremlTan, rasac adas-
turebs es dokumentic (ix dokumenti):
58
1991 wlis 4-5 oqtombris Setevis mcdeloba mTavrobis sasaxleze
putCis pirveli manevri iyo, rac xelisuflebisa da misi uiaraRo
mxardamWerebis ZalisxmeviT mogeriebul iqna, Tumca, putCistebma
mainc daRvares sisxli, daWres 70-mde kaci da mokles erTi axalga-
zrda – gia tetelaSvili. mkvlelis vinaoba aTi wlis dagvianebiT
gaxda cnobili; 2001 wlis 1 noembers, pirveli arxis satelevizio
SouSi `ras fiqrobs xalxi~ (wamyvani eka beriZe), kinoreJisorma
da SevardnaZis parlamentis vice-spikerma eldar Sengelaiam, te-
telaSvilis mkvlelobaSi pirdapir amxila saxelmwifo radio da
telekorporaciis prezidenti zaza Sengelia (yofili komkavSiris
ck-s mdivnisa da SevardnaZis kulturis ministris sesili gogibe-
riZis meuRle). SeiaraRebul gadatrialebaSi aqtiuri monawileo-
bisaTvis, z. Sengelia, SevardnaZem, jer Tbilisis meriaSi daawi-
naura, xolo Semdgom ki zemoxsenebul Tanamdebobaze, sadac mas
Jurnalisti TanamSromlebi korufciaSi amxeldnen da gadadgomis
moTxovniT gaficvebs uwyobdnen. mis winaaRmdeg gansakuTrebiT
aqtiurad ilaSqrebda samegreloSi daRupuli Jurnalistis daTo
bolqvaZis deda lia isiani-bolqvaZe, romelic mas sagazeTo
muqarebiT amxelda: `zaza Sengeliav, mainc amogTxri!~
zaza Sengelias, Semdgom mainc
mouwia Tanamdebobis datoveba da
igi Sou-biznesebSi gadavida.
`ГКЧП~-sadmi prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias damokidebuleba ki
aseTi gaxldaT: `politikuri Se-
faseba momxdari gadatrialebisa
Zalze rTulia, vinaidan, jer-je-
robiT ar aris naTeli namdvili
gadatrialebaa es, Tu mxolod garigeba an Sou....~ saqarTvelos
prezidentis pozicia moskovis putCis mimarT, Tavisi kategoriu-
lobiT, gabedulobiTa da pirdapirobiT mniSvnelovnad aRemate-
boda sxva qveynebis meTaurTa poziciebs (SedarebisaTvis ixileT
im periodis rusuli presa). miuxedavad amisa, sigua-ioseliani-ki-
tovani zviads `mSiSrobasa da kurdRlobaSi~ adanaSaulebdnen da
amgvarad, sruliad umarTebulod akninebdnen da Seuracxyofd-
nen mas. zviad gamsaxurdia qmediTadac Caeba moskovis putCSi,
demokratiulad arCeuli ruseTis xelisuflebis mxardasaWerad
59
moskovsa da sankt-peterburgSi miavlina Tavisi warmomadgenlebi
– deputatebi (irakli melaSvili da sxvebi), romlebic gamodio-
dnen mitingebze, sadac frialebda saqarTvelos damoukidebeli
respublikis droSa.
moskovis putCis (`ГКЧП~) dReebSi saqarTveloSi gamococxldnen
da gaaqtiurdnen qarTveli komunistebi, romelTac saTaveSi edga
saqarTvelos ck-s ukanaskneli mdivani avTandil margiani. masTan
farul aliansSi imyofeboda `wiTeli disidenti~ guram mamulia.
isini Riad miemxrnen moskovis putCs, riTac maT gamoavlines Ta-
vianTi mtruli damokidebuleba saqarTveloSi mimdinare saxelmwi-
foebrivi damoukideblobis procesebisadmi. moskovis putCisadmi
komunisti parlamentarebis mxardaWera, Tanxvedri iyo putCis or-
ganizatorebis imperiuli miznebisa, es iyo ara gadatrialeba, ara-
med sabWoTa kavSiris SenarCunebis mcdeloba. prezidentma zviad
gamsaxurdiam, TviTlustrirebuli orTodoqsi komunistebi, par-
lamentidan sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze daiTxova
da saqarTvelos teritoriaze ganlagebul ssrk SeiaraRebul
Zalebsac saokupacio jaris statusi mianiWa, ris gamoc, agreTve
msoflio masStabis xmauri atexes opoziciurma Zalebma.
opozicia, prezidents, agreTve brals debda televiziis mono-
polizebasa da gazeTebis daxurvaSi, rac, agreTve ar Seesabameboda
sinamdviles. vinaidan, grZeldeboda aTamde opozociuri gazeTis
gamocema da TviT samTavrobo gazeTebSic ibeWdeboda opoziciis
werilebi, xolo saxelmwifo televiziaSi opoziciisaTvis arse-
bobda àlternatiuli saaTi~, Seuferxeblad icemoda wiTeli in-
teligenciis wignebi da maTi reaqciuli werilebi qveyndeboda
samTavrobo presaSic (~saqarTvelos respublika~, `Tbilisi~, `li-
teraturuli saqarTvelo~). prezidentma axali, realpolitikis
gaTvaliswinebiT mizanSeuwonlad miiCnia mxolod komkavSiruli
gazeTis `molodioJ gruziis~ arseboba, romlis gamocema Sewyda.
60
gia Wanturia da 2 seqtembris mitingis
politikuri anatomia
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias demokratiuli mmarTvelobis pi-

robebSi opozicias eZleoda mitingebis Catarebis sruli Tavisu-
fleba SeuzRudav adgilebSi. xelisuflebis damxobis mowodebebis
miuxedavad, ar irbeoda arc erTi mitingi. erTaderT gamonakliss,
mxolod 1991 wlis 2 seqtembris mitingis provokaciuli darbeva
warmoadgenda, ris gamoc prezidentma aRSfoTeba ver damala.
15 seqtembris uzenaesi sabWos sxdomaze prezidentma mRelvared
ganacxada: `rodesac amerikis kongresis delegacia Camodis Tbilis-
Si. dro, rodesac me mas vxvdebi... amdros gaismis srola rusTave-
lis prospeqtze. ra hqonda miznad dasaxuli yovelive amis Camdens
da momwyobs, gekiTxebiT me! me mgoni dResaviT naTelia, megobrebo,
mzaddeboda cnoba Cveni qveynisa mravali ucxo qveynebis mier, de-
legaciis Camosvla misadagebuli iyo, swored amasTan da es unda
CaSliliyo. nuTu amis mixvedra ase Znelia, megobrebo?!... me mware
simarTle unda vTqva: miliciaSi aris Cvendami mtrulad ganwyobi-
li Zalebi... es iyo Segnebulad mowyobili provokacia Cems winaaR-
mdeg orive mxridan, romlebic, Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom erTi
centridan imarTebodnen da erTi avtori hyavs yovelive amas... Cven
unda miviRoT yvela zomebi, rom damnaSaveebi daisajon, es aris Cve-
ni movaleoba... dRevandeli situacia saqarTveloSi Zalian magonebs
1918-21 wlebis situacias... maSinac, moskovs gadaxvewili moRalate
qarTvelebi marTavdnen yvelafers, isini qmnidnen aq dasayrden
jgufebs... meore aneqsias amzadeben, megobrebo, moskovSi gadaxvewi-
li Cveni moRalate Tanamemamuleebi...~
prezidentis sityva, romelic kupiurebiT movitaneT aq, bo-
lomde mRelvare iyo. `moskovSi gadaxvewil mtrebSi~ prezidenti
moiazrebda: e. SevardnaZes, valerian advaZes, guram mgelaZes,
nugzar fofxaZes, zurab wereTels (finansur oligarqs). erT-er-
Ti amaTTaganis, guram mgelaZis (abaSis yofili raikomis mdivani)
saidumlo kavSirs kremlTan adasturebs 1991 wlis 20 Tebervlis
gazeT `saqarTvelos respublikaSi~ gamoqveynebuli dokumenti,
romelsac qvemoT gTavazobT. guram mgelaZe gaxldaT `mxedrionis~
damaarsebeli da damfinansebelic, igi mWidro kavSirSi imyofebo-
da jaba ioselianTan, romelic xSirad stumrobda moskovSi mas.
61
62
miliciis struqturebSi Separuli SeTqmulebi ki, romlebmac
2 seqtembris sisxliani avantiura moawyves (aravin daRupula) ga-
movlenil iqnen, Tumca prezidentma maTi moxsna ver SeZlo. eseni
gaxldnen: Sss ministri dilar xabuliani, gela lanCava, roman
gvencaZe, daviT zeikiZe, mixeil salaZe, TviT respublikis gene-
raluri prokurori vaxtang razmaZe da sxvebi, romlebsac Ten-
giz sigua da Tengiz kitovani mfarvelobdnen.
vaxtang razmaZe prezidentma gam-
saxurdiam, SeiaraRebul gada-
trialebaSi monawileobisaTvis 1992
wlis 4 ianvars gaaTavisufla gene-
raluri prokuroris Tanamdebobi-
dan da mis nacvlad daniSna vaJa aba-
kelia. razmaZe ar tovebda
Tanamdebobas da kabinets, ris ga-
moc erovnuli xelisuflebis gvar-
dielebi iZulebiT Sevidnen masTan
da mosTxoves gaeTavisuflebina ka-
bineti axali genprokurorisaTvis.
aRniSnuli faqti, provokatorma
razmaZem, xelisuflebis mxridan
SeiaraRebul Tavdasxmad Seafasa da
saerTaSoriso xmauri atexa. vaxtang
razmaZe gaxldaT ra sabWoTa perio-
dis generaluri prokurori, misi
ulmobeli ganaCeniT iqnen daxvre-
tilni `TviTmfrinavis biWebi~, romlebmac, 1983 wlis 18 noembers,
sabWoTa kavSiridan gaqcevis mizniT, Tbilisis aeroportSi ga-
naxorcieles TviTmfrinavis `gataceba~. eduard SevardnaZis, ale-
qsi inaurisa da vaxtang razmaZis sanqciiT TviTmfrinavSi mokles
3, xolo danarCeni daxvrites sasamarTlos ganaCeniT. eseni iyvnen:
1. soso wereTeli – 25 wlis, mxatvari
2. kaxa iverieli – 29 wlis, eqimi
3. paata iverieli – 23 wlis, eqimi
4. gega kobaxiZe – 23 wlis, msaxiobi
5. daTo miqaberiZe – 25 wlis, studenti
6. grigol tabiZe – 32 wlis, mxatvari
7. Teodore CixlaZe – 33 wlis, beri, romelic ar imyofeboda
TviTmfrinavSi, magram brali dasdes ogranizatorobaSi.
63
daapatimres, gega kobaxiZis axalSerTuli fexmZime meuRle Ti-
naTin fetviaSvili, romelic sakanSi daaZines da gaukeTes aborti:
sabWoTa xelisuflebis mtrebis Svili ar unda daibadoso.
Zalzed sainteresoa internetSi Cvens mier moZiebuli foto
1982 wlisa; axalgazrda mxatvari soso wereTeli, stiqarSi, pa-
triarqs raRac qaRaldebs gadascems (ix. meore fotoze s. were-
Teli xelmarjvniv kuTxeSi pirveli)...
aseve mniSvnelovania 1980 wlis foto Teimuraz CixlaZisa, pa-

triarqis gverdiT (pirveli foto)...
daxvretili disidenti axalgazrdebis mSoblebs, SevardnaZe-
razmaZe-inauris sabWoTa xelisuflebam, tyviis safasuri 3-3 mane-
Ti gadaaxdevines. xolo erT-erTis mSobels – 6 maneTi, erTi ascda
Sen Svils da misTvis meore tyvia dagvWirdao.
da, raoden sakvirvelia, rom SevardnaZis mier daxvretili am
axalgazrdebis mSoblebi: soso wereTlis mama – kote wereTeli (man
viqtor domuxovskis mier gamoZiebuli dokumentebi sadRac gaaqro
da uaryofda domuxovskisgan mis Cabarebas), Zmeb kaxa da paata ive-
rielebis mama – vaJa iverieli (lekiSvili), 1992 wels, samTavrobo
gazeTiT miesalma zviadis erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobas, gega
kobaxiZis deda – naTela maWavariani da mamac – mixeil kobaxiZe, ro-
melic sabWoTa kinematografiaSi antisabWour (disident) reJisorad
iyo miCneuli da filmebis damoukideblad gadaRebasac ki ukrZalavd-
nen (`rvanaxevaris~, `musikosebis~ gamo...), SevardnaZes emxrobodnen.
Tbilisis saerTaSoriso aeroportisaTvis(ucxoeTis saxelmwi-
foebis msgavasad)pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias saxelis
64
miniWebis TxovniT dedaqalaqis sakrebulos (kukavasa da gabunias
uadres), arasamTavrobo organizacia `ganaTlebis erovnulma kav-
Sirma~ mimarTa (lali giligaSvili, daviT arabiZe), razec sakre-
bulos `saxeldebisa da simbolikis sakiTxTa komisiis~ Tavmjdo-
marem naTela maWavarianma maT, werilobiT acnoba, rom TiTqos
sakiTxi gadawyvetilia da `zviad gamsaxurdias saxelobis Tbilisis
saerTaSoriso aeroportis saxeldebis dadgenilebis dokumentis
aRebas SeZlebT seqtembris Tvis bolos q. Tbilisis sakrebulos
saqmiswarmoebis ganyofilebaSi~ (dokumenti №07/6715; 04/6706). Tum-
ca, sakiTxis gadawyveta 2013 wlis noembris sakrebulos sxdomazec
Cavarda da 27 dekembrisTvis gadaido, magram arc dekembris sxdo-
maze iqna dadebiTad gadawyvetili. 2015 wlis 30 ivniss, Tbilisis
saerTaSoriso aeroports SoTa rusTavelis saxeli ewoda, rac
biZina ivaniSvilisa da premier RaribaSvilis mier iyo mxardaWeri-
li da motivirebuli – zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi mtrobiT.
disidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam ki saerTaSoriso masStabis
xmauri atexa TviTmfrinavis biWebis daxvretis gamo, saprotesto
mitingebic moawyo da daxvretamde, maTi Sewyalebis peticiis
iniciatoric, swored zviad gamsaxurdia gaxldaT. xolo, roca
erovnuli xelisuflebis saTaveSi movida, 1990 wels saqarTvelos
respublikis parlamentSi Seqmna TviTmfrinavis gatacebis cdis
Semswavleli droebiTi komisia, romlis Tavmjdomare viqtor do-
muxovski gaxldaT. swored viqtor domuxovskis mier moskovSi
specialuri mivlinebiT dakiTxul iqna SevardnaZe. dakiTxvis da
gamoZiebis oqmebi ki xelisuflebis gadatrialebis dros, rom ar
damwvariyo, batonma viqtorma, samsaxureobrivi seifidan gamoiRo
da Caabara kote wereTels, visganac gaqra.
samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebis Semdeg, roman gvencaZes,
SevardnaZem Sss ministroba uboZa. rigiTi omoneli gela lanCava
(prezidentis mier dapatimrebuli jaba ioseliani, kgb-s cixidan,
lanCavam gaaTavisufla. lanCava, gadatrialebis Semdeg kanonieri
xelisuflebis momxreTa mitingebsac xvretda), jer jaba ioselian-
ma daniSna qalaqis komendatad, xolo SevardnaZem, Sinagani jaris
sardlad daawinaura. mogvianebiT ki (24 ivnisis televiziis war-
matebuli provokaciisaTvis) mas generlis wodebac mianiWes;
1992 wlis 24 ivniss, lanCavas gegmis mixedviT moxda zviad gam-
saxurdias momxreTa Setyueba saxelmwifo televiziis Senobasa da
teleanZaze, risTvisac gamoyenebul iyvnen uzenaesi sabWos deputati
valter SurRaia, aqtivisti studenti eka xerxeuliZe, xatia Rudu-
Sauri da sxv. rogorc Semdgom gairkva, isini daarwmuna lanCavam, rom
65
garedan mis mier iqnebodnen daculni. oRond, sazogadoebisaTvis bo-
lomde gaurkveveli da bundovani darCa SurRaiasa, RuduSaurisa da
xerxeuliZis kavSirebi lanCavasTan da saxelmwifo televiziaSi maTi
Sesvlis seriozuli mizani. televiziaSi da anZaze Setyuebul `zvia-
distebs~ garedan tankebiT da TviTmfrinavidan gauxsnes cecxli. am
dRes televiziis mimdebared, mTawmindis parkSi da gergeTis quCaze
mokles: daviT nadiraZe, nugzar dvaliSvili, nukri arCvaZe, rezo
broZeli, merab sulaZe, lima giorgaZe. daiWires uzenaesi sabWos
deputatebi (biZina ColoyaSvili, valter SurRaia, biZina dangaZe,
agreTve givi kalmaxeliZe da sxv.). valter SurRaia, furTxiTa da
bilwi ginebiT, `sircxvilis derefanSi~ gaatares.
24 ivnisis provokacia mTlianad xuntis mier iyo dagegmili;
igi miznad isaxavda 24 ivniss, dagomisSi SevardnaZe-elcinis Sexve-
dris gadafarvas, romelzedac miRebuli iqna moRalaturi ga-
dawyvetileba (konfliqturi mxareebis urTierTgamijvnis mizniT),
`samSvidobo derefnis~ goris sazRvarTan Seqmnis Sesaxeb. sazR-
varze ki Cayenebuli iqnebodnen rusi da osi samxedroebi. dagomi-
sis am 24 ivnisis kapitulanturi xelSekrulebiT, SevardnaZem Sida
qarTli rusebsa da osebs gadasca.
devnilma prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam iCqeriidan gaake-
Ta mimarTva 24 ivnisis televiziis aqtTan dakavSirebiT da mas,
SevardnaZis xelisuflebis mier dagegmili provokacia uwoda.
oficialur mimarTvebSi prezidenti gamsaxurdia, Tumca Seecada
daecva Tavisi deputati valter SurRaia, magram pirad saubreb-
Si igi ar amarTlebda mis qmedebas, ris gamoc SurRaias uzenaesma
sabWom uflebamosileba SeuCera. mogvianebiT presaSi(àlia~) ga-
moCnda JurnalistTa jgufis mier mopovebuli prezidentis pi-
radi werili loTi qobaliasadmi, romlis nawilSi zviadi valter
SurRaias qmedebas uaryofiTad afasebs da ambobs, rom SurRaias
es gegma masTan ar iyo SeTanxmebuli da man, Cadenili avantiuriT,
ziani miayena erovnul moZraobas da prezidentis prestiJsac.
Zalian mZime mosasmeni da sayurebeli iyo,
mogvianebiT, uzenaesi sabWos deputatis (yofi-
li disidentis) valter SurRaias gamosvla mi-
tingze SevardnaZis gverdiT televiziis
sisxliani provokaciis Semdgom. SurRaiam, sa-
qarTvelos gaeroSi Seyvana, srulad Sevardna-
Zis damsaxurebad aRiara, xolo prezidenti
66
zviad gamsaxurdia `sisxliani xelebis~ mqoned Seracxa da mas ga-
dadgomisaken mouwoda.
daaxloebiT erTi Tvis Semdeg, samTavrobo gazeT `saqarTvelos
respublikaSi~ gamoqveynda, xuntis prokuror vaxtang razmaZisad-
mi, sapatimrodan gamogzavnili valter SurRaias werili saTau-
riT: `RmerTma icis, me arasdros miRalatia prezidentisTvis. exla
naTlad vxedav: erTaderTi swori gza misi gadadgomaa~ (ix. qvemoT).
1992 wlis 31 ivliss, saqarTvelos gaeroSi gawevrianeba ki pre-

zident zviad gamsaxurdias 31 martis referendumisa da 9 apri-
lis damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqtis safuZvelze moxda. sakuTari
xalxis sisxlSi moTxvrili xelebi ki, swored SevardnaZes hqonda
da SevardnaZe unda gadamdgariyo.
SevardnaZes arasodes daumalavs, rom „gamsaxurdias opozi-
cionerebi xSirad Camodiodnen moskovSi CemTan konsultaciebis-
Tvis~o. erT-erTi amgvari miznobrivi vizitis dros, gia Wanturias,
SevardnaZisagan, uTuod ecnoba, rom 2 seqtembers moskovSi tarde-
67
boda deputatTa yriloba, romelzec ganixileboda baltiispireTi-
sa da saqarTvelos ssrk-dan gamoyofis sakiTxi. unda vivaraudoT,
rom Wanturiam, am cnobasTan erTad, SevardnaZisagan saTanado ins-
truqtaJic miiRo. saidumlo instruqciebi mieca, agreTve Sevard-
naZesTan farul aliansSi myof Sinagan saqmeTa saministros maRal-
Cinosnebsac, romlebmac gia Wanturias mier winaswar daanonsebul
2 seqtembris mitingze SeiaraRebuli omoni wargzavnes da cnobili
provokaciuli gasrolebic ganaxorcieles, romlis eqo (rogorc
gaTvaliswinebuli iyo) moskovSi mimdinare yrilobasac miswvda da
romelmac Tbilisis 2 seqtembris mitingis darbeva, saqarTveloSi
diqtatoruli reJimis arsebobad Seracxa da gaurkveveli vadiT
gadado ssrk-dan saqarTvelos gasvlis cnoba-aRiareba, baltiis-
pireTis respublikebi ki gasulad gamoacxada.
erovnul-demokratebi, marTalia Tavs imarTlebdnen, rom Cven

kinos saxlTan orSabaTobebis mitingi winaswar gvqonda dagegmi-
li da 2 seqtembris mitingic am gegmis mixedviT Catardao, magram,
mas Semdeg, rac gacxadda maTi moskovuri voiaJebi SevardnaZes-
Tan, dabejiTebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom òrSabaTobebis~ erTTviani
ciklis dagegmva kalendriT xelSi moskovSi moxda. nodar naTaZis
TqmiT: `patriotma da gamokveTilma disidentma... miTxra gakvriT:
`seqtemberSi zviadis wasvlis procesebi daiwyebao~. Cemi varaudiT
igi, swored gia Wanturia unda yofiliyo.
68
gia Wanturia, 1991 wlis agvistoSi, radio `Tavisuflebis~ kores-
pondent Tengiz gudavasTan interviuSi dabejiTebiT acxadebda:
`zviadis problemas Cven Zalian male gadavwyvetT, dagvrCa mxo-
lod bolo dartymis miyeneba!~.
2 seqtembris ybadaRebul darbevasTan dakavSirebiT sagulisx-
moa, agreTve mweral merab elioziSvilis gamosvla mweralTa
kavSiris 1991 wlis 12 seqtembris cnobil sxdomaze (am sxdomaze
ruseTume qarTveli mwerlebi: rezo amaSukeli, koba imedaSvi-
li, Wabua amirejibi, murman lebaniZe, rezo jafariZe, guram
fanjikiZe, iza orjonikiZe, guram gverdwiTeli, guram gegeSiZe,
naira gelaSvili, manana gigineiSvili, nodar grigalaSvili, da-
viT maRraZe, jansuR Carkviani, Tamaz wivwivaZe, koba imedaSvi-
li, jumber TiTmeria, erekle saRliani da sxvebi kategoriuli
aRSfoTebiT gmobdnen 2 seqtembris darbevas): `...ori Tvis win te-
levizoris ZebnaSi... erTma kacma miTxra ver iSovio da laparakSi
daamata: 2 seqtembers ar gadascdeba, zviad gamsaxurdias yofna-
aryofnis ambavi dadgebao. axla mainteresebs, saidan icoda vaWar-
ma, rom 2 seqtembers unda momxdariyo es incindenti~.
saxelmwifo gadatrialebis 10 wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT tele-
kompania `rusTavi-2~-ze, 2002 wlis 6 ianvars naCveneb dokumentur
filmSi `Caketili wre~, edp-s yofilma wevrma iuri talaxaZem, ro-
melic zviads dapatimrebulic hyavda, ganacxada: moskovidan morigi
vizitidan dabrunebulma irina sariSvilma agvistoSi gviTxra, mo-
gvces miTiTeba, rom ganvaaxloT da gavaaqtiuroT gamsaxurdias sawi-
naaRmdego gamosvlebi da me 2 seqtembris Semdeg mivxvdi, rom Cveni
saprotesto aqciebi moskovidan imarTebodao.
`kgb~-sa da `gru~-s saidumlo agentis Temur masxulias e. Se-
vardnaZisadmi werilis mixedviT, romelic daTariRebulia 1996
wlis ivlisiT: `1990 wlidan ruseTis specsamsaxurebma mniSvnelo-
vnad gaaaqtiures operatiuli muSaoba mosaxleobis sxvadasxva fe-
nebSi... damTavrebuli kriminalur samayaroSi, risi erTi magali-
Tia `mxedrioni~... maxsendeba 1991 wlis 2 seqtembris organizeba
da uSualo Semsruleblebi: guram mgelaZe, igor giorgaZe, Tengiz
kitovani, Tengiz sigua, Temur xaCiSvili da gru-s generali iva-
nenkovi. mitingis organizeba xdeboda `gru~-s meSveobiT, batono
eduard!...~ (ix. `marTali gazeTi~, №18(103), 30.05,2002. gv.17). niSan-
doblivia, rom batoni Temur masxulia, imavdroulad iyo edp-we-
vric. misive mtkicebiT, jaba ioseliani iyo ruseTis uSiSroebis
me-3 sammarTvelos agenti, metsaxelad „princi~.
69
ase Rrmad iyvnen aliansSi qarTveli opozicionerebi kremlis
politikur ZalebTan, metropoliasTan.
gadavxedoT jaba ioselianis kriminalur biografiasac: j. io-
selianma, leningradSi, bankis ZarcvaSi monawileobis gamo 17 weli
cixeSi gaatara. 1965 wels sasjelmoxdilma, mcire xanSi, isev amoyo
Tavi cixeSi, amjerad mkvlelobisTvis. 1991 wlis TebervalSi misi
organizacia prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam ukanonod gamoacxa-
da, xolo Tavad ioseliani mxedrionis wevrebTan erTad daapa-
timres. dekemberSi ioseliani cixidan gaapares da igi saqarTvelos
erovnuli gvardiis gandgomil wevrebs SeuerTda samxedro gada-
trialebis mowyobis mizniT. 1995 wlis 29 agvistos, saqarTvelos
respublikis parlamentis imdroindeli Senobis ezoSi Sevardna-
Zeze momxdari teraqtis gamo jaba ioselianic daapatimres. am
teraqtze, jabamde, `mxedrionis~ erTerTi lideri giga gelaSvili,
uSiSroebis ministris moadgile Temur xaCiSvili, goCa TediaSvili
da goCa gelaSvili daapatimres. igor giorgaZem ki vazianis samxe-
dro bazidan moaxerxa gaqceva ruseTis specsamsaxurebis daxmare-
biT. 1996 wels j. ioselianma, cixidan moiTxova moexsnaT misTvis
terorizmis braldeba rameTu igi, mxolod, narkotikebis da iara-
Ris didi odenobiT Senaxvis faqts aRiarebda. 29 agvistos teraq-
tis garda, jaba ioseliani da misi `mxedrionelebi~ (giga gelaSvi-
li, Temur xaCiSvili, goCa TediaSvili (qileri), goCa gelaSvili,
daviT sanikiZe), agreTve dadanaSaulebulebi iyvnen gia guluas,
gia Wanturiasa da soliko xabeiSvilis mkvlelobebSic.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias guliTadma mcdelobam – àrc
erTi qarTveli kremlis satanas!~ da SeiaraRebuli opozicionere-
bisaTvis `tyviis nacvlad, yvavilebis srolam~ nayofi ver gamoi-
Ro. uSiSroebis general-maioris anzor maisuraZis TqmiT cnobi-
li inteligencia, opozicia da TviT uzenaesi sabWos deputatTa
umravlesobac ki, maTi TanamSromlebi iyvnen. amitomac miviReT
ganxeTqileba uzenaes sabWoSi, rasac gareopoziciis darazmva
mohyva; tyviebi ki, SevardnaZem da misma uSiSroebis ministrma igor
giorgaZem daaxala gia guluasa da gia Wanturiasac. Wanturia, 1994
wlis 3 dekembers, sakuTar saxlTan, manqanaSi Cacxrila. Wanturias
mkvlelobisTvis moskovSi, 1996 wels daakaves, agreTve krimina-
luri avtoriteti da `kulinarebis~ saZmos gavleniani mfarveli
Temo qurdiani. gia Wanturias mkvlelobisTvis dapatimrebuli
mxedrionelebi, 2002 wels, eduard SevardnaZem Sewyalebis aqtiT
gaaTavisufla. cnobilia, rom, sikvdilamde ramdenime TviT adre,
70
gia Wanturia, SevardnaZisagan moiTxovda daeSala da gaeuqmebina
SeiaraRebuli organizacia `mxedrioni~.
qvemodadebuli foto, samwuxarod ar aris sruli kadri gia
Wanturias dakrZalvis dRisa qaSueTis eklesiidan. ar iqneba ga-
sakviri, rom aq, didi sanTliT xelSi, igor giorgaZec idges. Tum-
ca, irina sariSvili, 25 wlis Semdgomac, gia Wanturias mkvlelo-
bis SemkveTad SoTa kviraiasa da Temur xaCiSvils asaxelebs, xolo
e. SevardnaZesa da igor giorgaZes didsulovnad indobs. e. SevardnaZis
mimarT man mxolod msubuqi SeniSnva gamoTqva, gia Wanturias mkvle-
lobis umal, igor giorgaZis generlis wodebiT dajildovebis gamo.
axaldaniSnulma uSiSroebis ministrma igor giorgaZem (1993

wlis oqtomberi), kabinetSi SesvlisTanave damoukidebeli saqarT-
velos saxelmwifo droSa kedlidan Camoglija, fexqveS gaigdo da
dafxriwa igi. xolo, rodesac yvarlis tyeSi `zviadistebs~ (viqtor
domuxovski da sxv.) specrazmiT dasdevda, gvels gadaawyda, TaviT
daiWira, baTinkebiT gaWylita da Tan mZulvare sisiniT miayola:
`zviadis Tavi movWerio~. igor giorgaZe zviads adanaSaulebda Si-
nagan saqmeTa da uSiSroebis saministrodan osi erovnebis kadre-
bis daTxovnaSi da qarTvelebiT CanacvlebaSi. arada, saxelmwifo
uasafrTxoebisaTvis amgvari prevenciuli `wmenda~ aucilebel Ro-
nisZiebas warmoadgenda osebis gamoaaSkaravebuli separatizmisa da
agresiis fonze. mogvianebiT igor giorgaZe aRiarebs, rom saqarT-
velos Sss da sus-idan gaTavisuflebuli osi erovnebis kadrebi man
71
daasaqma moskovis, Crdilo oseTis, yazaxeTisa da sxvadasxva res-
publikebis Zalovan struqturebSi, xolo zviadis erovnuli xeli-
suflebis misamarTiT ki daifica, rom ruseTis mier gamozrdili,
specialist-kadrebis, ase ubralod gayras, zviads ar apatiebda.
1995 wlis 29 agvistos, ìmelis~ Senobis ezoSi SevardnaZeze te-
raqtis mowyobis Semdeg, saqarTvelodan gaparuli da malvaSi myo-
fi igor giorgaZe, ramdenime wlis Semdgom Seecada dabrunebuliyo
saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi; Tavisi sateliti partiebis `komu-
nistebi~ da `samarTlianobis partiis~ meSveobiT ( Tavmjdomareebi:
panteleimon giograZe, irina sariSvili), igor giorgaZem moskovidan
daiwyo manipulireba zviadis mkvlelobis TemiT; igi moskovis sa-
malavidan iZleoda vrcel interviuebs gazeTebsa da televiziebSi,
SevardnaZis mxilebisa da zviadis mkvlelis dasaxelebis pirobiT,
Tuki igi dabrundeboda saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi.
saqarTvelos damoukideblo-
bisaTvis mebrZoli disidente-
bi: irina sariSvili, mamuka
giorgaZe, irakli qadagiSvili,
vano xuxunaiSvili, giorgi ko-
baxiZe, irakli wereTeli, Tamar
CxeiZe, luiza SakiaSvili, Tei-
muraz sumbaTaSvili, irakli
Sengelaia, nodar naTaZe, avTan-
dil imnaZe, vaxtang ZabiraZe,
rezo SaviSvili, vaJa adamia da sxvebi, e. SevardnaZem, 1992 wlis 11
oqtombris e.w. ìmedis~ arCevnebiT parlamentSi Seiyvana, riTac daak-
mayofila maTi politikuri ambiciebi. Tumca, saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobisaTvis patimrobagamovlil am disidentTa umravleso-
bas, SevardnaZisagan, win didi gawbileba da sulSi CafurTxeba eloda;
1992 wlis 24 ivnisis dagomisis, 1992 wlis 3 seqtembris mosko-
vis e.w. samSvidobo da 1993 wlis 27 ivlisis soWis xelSekrulebe-
bis dadebiTa (cxinvalis regionisa da afxazeTis gasxviseba) da
saqarTvelos parlamentis 1994 wlis 1-eli martis gadawyvetile-
biT saqarTvelos СНГ-Si SesvliT, ruseTis satrapma SevardnaZem
umowyalod gadausva xazi maT disidentur brZolas. SevardnaZis
siveragisadmi yofili disidentebis reaqcia parlamentSi umZafre-
si iyo; irakli wereTelma stvena da gineba daiwyo, gamwarebulma
luiza SakiaSvilma – «Широка страна моя родная~ imRera. nodar na-
72
TaZem, piridan da Tvalebidan cecxlis yriT, SevardnaZes, jaba io-
seliansa da Tengiz siguas sul moRalate da saqarTvelos mtrebi
eZaxa. xalxi moeloda, rom isini, protestis niSnad, daxevdnen an
dayridnen mandatebs, magram, sabolood, isini ver Seelien koop-
taciiT mopovebul parlamentarobas (privilegiebs).
momavalma Taobebma aucilebelad unda icodnen, Tu vin daabruna

istoriis Carxi da vin iyvnen saqarTvelos СНГ-Si Seyvanis inicia-
torebi; am mizniT vaqveynebT parlamentis spikeris moadgilis ru-
sudan beriZis mier wakiTxul xmis mimcemTa stenogramas;
73
rusudan beriZe: `vkiTxulob dsT-Si Sesvlis momxreTa sias:
abalaki givi, abaSiZe aslan, abesaZe inguSa, abulaZe Tengiz, ada-
mia jemal, adamia revaz, aleqsaniani ferdinand, amirejibi mzeWa-
buk (Wabua), andriaZe irakli, arvelaZe taxir, axmeteli giorgi,
ajiaSvili simon (jemal), balaSvili vladimer, baramiZe giorgi,
baramiZe malxaz, baSaleiSvili daviT, baxtaZe demur, berianiZe
Salva, beriZe aleqsandre, beriZe jemal, bregaZe akaki, buaCiZe
Tengiz, gazdeliani Tengiz, gamyreliZe Tamaz, gaCeCilaZe giorgi,
gelaZe avTandil, gelaZe vaJa, gewaZe guram, gverdwiTeli mixeil,
gigineiSvili manana, goguaZe vaxtang, goderZiSvili gela, gorgo-
Ze jemal, gulua bakur, doliZe rostom, dolmazaSvili avTandil,
eloSvili omar, enuqiZe zaza, vardosaniZe levan, velijanaSvili
goderZi, zuxbaia oTar, TavarTqilaZe anzor, Tirqia ledi, Tuma-
niSvili grigol, iakobiZe vaJa, ioramaSvili givi, ioseliani jaba,
kalandaZe Tengiz, kalaZe robizon, kalandia geno, kekelia Sal-
va, kvaracxelia valeri, kiknaZe giorgi, kirTaZe nestan, kitovani
Tengiz, kobaiZe aleqsi, koberiZe nugzar, kopaleiSvili Teimuraz,
koxia oTar, koxreiZe nodar, kurtaniZe jumber, lekiSvili niko-
loz, liTaniSvili oTar, liparteliani roin, lobJaniZe givi, lo-
minaZe givi, lomsaZe boris, lorTqifaniZe grigol (giga), lorTqi-
faniZe viqtor, lorTqifaniZe roza, mamalaZe levan, mamraZe petre,
mamulia guram, manZulaSvili mixeil, marSania ada, maxaldiani
soso, mgeliaSvili Teimuraz, meguTniSvili soso, miminoSvili
roman, muCaiZe guram, mWedliZe mixeil, nadareiSvili Tamaz, naTe-
laSvili Salva, nakaSiZe badri, noRaideli zurab, oTaraSvili vaJa,
orjonikiZe iza, patiaSvili jumber, Jvania zurab, JorJoliani gia,
rivkini marki, rCeuliSvili vaxtang, ruxaZe sergo, snxCiani Jora,
ustiaSvili guram, fenderava arnold, qarcivaZe nodar, qaSakaSvi-
li amiran, qajaia merab, qvelaZe zurab, qvliviZe gela, RaribaSvi-
li qarTlos, RoRoberiZe lana, yolbaia vaxtang, SaiSmelaSvili
giorgi, Sengelaia eldar, Carkviani jansuR, Carqseliani anzor,
Citlovi dimitri, Cxenkeli mixeil, civaZe daviT, cincaZe Tamaz,
ciciSvili jimSer, cixelaSvili tariel, cixisTavi gia, wereTe-
li zurab, wiTlanaZe giorgi, wiklauri mevlud, wowonava anzor,
WeiSvili revaz, WeliZe iveri, xaratiSvili ioseb, xaWapuriZe vaJa,
xvedeliZe givi, xizaniSvili ramaz, xuciSvili omar, jafariZe re-
vaz, jeiranaSvili niaz, jiblaZe aleqsandre.
74
poeti da parlamentari jansuR Carkviani ixsenebs: „dsT-Si Sesvlas
kenWi rom vuyareT, meore dRes parlamentis foieSi Cems megobar el-
dar Sengelaias viRac elaparakeboda. eldars gadavexvie, mivesalme.
meore kaci ar momesalma da xelgawvdili damtova. me vuTxari, ra
aris, leniniviT xelgawvdili rom damtove-meTqi da me im kacs xels
ar CamovarTmev, vinc SevardnaZis daZaxilze dsT-Si Sesvlaze xeli
moawerao. me Sairi mexerxeba da im kacs leqsad mivuge:
„ase gviTxra SevardnaZem, tribunaze Semdgarma: „SexvalT? deda
„mogek(aq ori uxamsi aso-niSnis nacvlad k CavsviT)vlebaT~, Tu ar
SexvalT, ded-mama~ (jansuRis am uxamsuri èqspromtis~ videoc
arsebobs – l. c.). rasakvirvelia, es leqsi eduard SevardnaZemde
mivida. mogvianebiT erTmaneTs SevxvdiT da SevardnaZem miTxra:
biWo, ra tipi xar, mama Semecoda, mamao~.
vbeWdavT, gazeTSi gamoqveynebul dokumentsac, vinaidan am wiT-
eli inteligenciis Svilebi, cdiloben ra patriotad warmoaCinon
TavianTi mSoblebi, dRes ukve amboben-weren, rom maT mSoblebs
xeli ar mouweriaT СНГ-Si Sesvlaze (magaliTad, Tako Carkviani).
75
76
СНГ-Si Sesvlis saparlamento gadawyvetileba gaxda mizezi gia
Wanturias mier xonis datovebisa da amiT zviadistebis winaaR-
mdeg SeiaraRebuli brZolebis gagrZelebaze uaris Tqmis. ìmisT-
vis vibrZodi, rom isev imperiaSi Sevyo Tavi?!~ aRSfoTebiT eubneba
igi jabas da protestis niSnad brundeba TbilisSi. `sagangebo ko-
mitetidan~ protestis niSnad gamodis, agreTve irakli baTiaSvi-
lic. baTiaSvili, sainformacio-sadazvervo samsaxuris Tavmjdo-
mareobidanac gadadga. gia Wanturias moTxovniT, vice-premieris
Tanamdebobidan gadadga, agreTve irina sariSvilic.
SevardnaZis antisaxelmwifoebrivi politikuri kursis gamo,
1992 wlis 11 oqtombris xuntis parlamentSi, parlamentarobaze
uari protestiT mainc Tqves: Temur mdinaraZem, Tornike fifiam,
malxaz kvanWilaSvilma. Temur mdinaraZis protesti exeboda
miwis kanonsa da sxva antisaxelmwofoebriv sakanonmdeblo aqtebs.
Tornike fifiam gailaSqra jaba ioselianis `mxedrionis~ egzeku-
ciebisa da kriminaluri TareSis winaaRmdeg samegreloSi. batoni
kvanWilaSvilis protestis mizezi gaxda soWis xelSekruleba, ro-
melic ganixileboda 1993 wlis 24 ivlisis parlamentis sxdomaze
(miRebul iqna 27 ivliss).
zemoxsenebul kondotierebTan dakavSirebiT ar SeiZleba ar
gagvaxsendes bumberazi poetisa da mamuliSvilis akaki wereT-
lis mware amoZaxili: `swored gamocanaa qarTvelebis cxovreba!
vukvirdebi Cveni qveynis Tavgadasavals da mikvirs... Cveni istoria
ver warmogvidgens misTana SemTxvevas, rom qarTvelebi damarcxe-
buliyvnen da mizezi Ralati ar yofiliyos! vin iyvnen es moRa-
77
lateebi? qarTvelisave Svilebi da mere ra Svilebi?! romelTac
didi Rvawli miuZRodaT qveynis winaSe da adre samSoblosaTvis
Tavdadebulni yofilan~.
1992 wlis 11 oqtombris arCevnebiT deputatobaze piradad Tavi
Seikava edp-s liderma gia Wanturiam da iq mxolod Tavisi emisrebis
sakmaod didi warmomadgenloba Segzavna, xolo Tavad sapreziden-
to arCevnebisTvis seriozul mzadebas Seudga; Wanturiam daiwyo
aqtiuri vizitebi sazRvargareT, Seecada urTierTobebis damyare-
bas saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan, awyobda intensiur Sexvedrebs
ucxoel diplomatebTan da a.S. amgvari aqtivobiT dasavleTisa da
evropis politikur wreebSi igi ikveTeboda, rogorc mzardi da
konkurentunariani axalgazrda politikuri figura, rac SeumCne-
veli ar darCenia SevardnaZes; Wanturia, mis Tvalwin, dasavleTze
orientirebul progresul politikosad yalibdeboda.
gia Wanturias mocileba, ruseTisa da misi emisris e. Sevardna-
ZisaTvis, sasicocxlod aucilebeli gaxda; da ai, 1994 wlis 3 dekem-
bers, SeiaraRebuli specnazi, sakuTar saxlTan manqanaSi cxrilavs
Wanturias. SevardnaZe, amgvari warmatebuli operaciisaTvis, male
generlis wodebiT ajildovebs sakuTar uSiSroebis ministrs igor
giorgaZes, romlis kiserzea, agreTve gia guluasa da SevardnaZis
fondis Tavmjdomaris soliko xabeiSvilis sisxlic, romlebic,
giorgaZem, SevardnaZisave dakveTiT mokla.
1992 wlis 23 ivniss goris ruseTis
samxedro bazaze Tavdasxmac. polkovnik
besik quTaTelaZis meTaurobiT, Sevard-
naZis veraguli Canafiqri iyo; Sevard-
naZes aRar sWirdeboda quTaTelaZe da am
sasaklaoze wargzavniT moicila igi.
saqarTvelos uSiSroebis ministris,
igor giorgaZis sisxliani xelebi ikveTeba prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias devnaSi, Sepyrobasa da mkvlelobis organizebaSic
kremlis politelitis dakveTiT.
jalaTi da teroristi igor giorgaZe, rogorc zemoT aRvniS-
neT, SevardnaZeze warumatebeli teraqtis Semdeg (1995 wlis 29
agvisto), seqtemberSi, moskovSi gaiqca.
78
zurab wereTlis fenomeni,
wiTeli inteligenciis rutina
àr arsebobs ufro didi mteri

sakuTari xalxisa,
vidre kolonizatorebis mier
aRzrdili inteligencia.~
javaharlal neru
moqandake zurab wereTeli – es tipiuri saqmosan-ologarqi,

romelic arc-Tu habitusiT hgavs Semoqmedis naturas, sabWoTa
periodidanve axlo urTierTobaSi iyo e. SevardnaZesTan da ara-
vis uTmobda ruseTis politbiuros umaRles pirTa maspinZloba-
sac. jaba ioseliani Tavis xuTasgverdian dokumentur wignSi `sami
ganzomileba~ ixsenebs: `zurab wereTelma Tavisi marifaTiT saku-
Tar saxlSi, bagebSi, breJnevis cxovrebis amsaxveli eqspozicia
moawyo. SevardnaZis davalebiT... sagangebod dneproZerJinskSic
wavida... breJnevis saxlis da gardacvlili dedis fotoebi Camoi-
tana. Semdeg montaJi gaakeTa – erT gadidebul fotoze breJnevi
dedamisis gverdiT gamosaxa da windaxedulad SemosasvlelSi daki-
da... breJnevi SeCerda, cremlebi gadmoyara da wailuRluRa: iciT,
me ki ara maqvs es foto~.
ai, am tipis xelovanTa da

sabWoTa mecnierT sZuldaT
zviad gamsaxurdia, romlebsac
umZimdaT uaris Tqma Cveul
negatiur cxovrebis wessze,
romlebsac akrTobdaT zneoba
da morali. iseve, rogorc 1918-
21 wlebSi, 1990-ian wlebSic,
wiTelma inteligenciam, komu-
nistebTan erTad principuli
brZola gamoucxada zviad gamsaxurdias erovnul xelisuflebas,
ar surdaT ra maT saqarTvelos ruseTisagan gamoyofa. analogii-
saTvis moviyvanT citatas grigol Jvanias krebulidan `rogor
mzaddeboda saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis okupacia~:
79
`saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikisadmi damokidebulebis
sakiTxSi gansakuTrebul Seurigeblobas iCenen qveynis SigniT qar-
Tveli komunistebi. isini ruseTisagan, jer amierkavkasiis, xolo
istoriuli 26 maisis Semdeg saqarTvelos CamoSorebas afasebdnen,
rogorc àntixalxurs~, `kontrrevoluciurs~ da a.S. ase iyo 1918-
21 wlebSi. xolo, 1991-93 wlebSi komunistebis, wiTeli inteligen-
ciisa da maT mier dageSili reaqcionerebis mxridan brZolam ufro
mwvave da ulmobeli xasiaTi miiRo, radgan amjerad, Cveni qveynis
damoukideblobisa da xelisuflebis marTvis sadaveebi xelT epyra
ara noe Jordanias msgavs ruseTume da uniaTo politikoss, ara-
med erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis politikur liders
zviad gamsaxurdias, rac moaswavebda sruliad kavkasiis gaerTiane-
bas da masze ruseTis gavlenis dakargvas.
sayovelTaod cnobili faqtia, rom 1990 wlis 28 oqtombris
saarCevno siebis Sedgenis win zviad gamsaxurdia piradad eaxla
akaki baqraZes Sin da guliTadad SesTavaza saTaveSi Casdgomoda
`mrgvali magida-Tavisufali saqarTvelos~ saarCevno sias da amas-
Tanave gamoTqva mzadyofna uprecendento kompromisisaTvis – Ta-
vad uars ityoda saparlamento arCevnebSi kenWisyraze. miuxedavad
imisa, rom akaki baqraZem maSinve uariT upasuxa zviads, zviadi,
igive TxovniT, kidev orjer ewvia mas. baqraZis pasuxi samjerve
mtkiced uaryofiTi iyo.
akaki baqraZe
zviad gamsaxurdias, aseve araerTi mcdeloba hqonda nodar na-

TaZesTanac, raTa `saxalxo frontsa~ da `mrgval magidas~ erTiani
siiT eyaraT kenWi, rac nodar naTaZes uCenda realur perspeqti-
80
vas parlamentSi meti kandidatebis Seyvanisa. zviad gamsaxurdias
winadadebebs, nodar naTaZemac kategoriuli uariT upasuxa. pre-
zidentad arCevis Semdgom ki zviad gamsaxurdiam araerT komunist
mecniers SesTavaza maRali Tanamdebobebi; Tamaz gamyreliZem, ma-
riam lorTqifaniZem da revaz TvaraZem Tbilisis saxelmwifo uni-
versitetis reqtorobis Tanxmobaze Sors daiWires Tavi, risi er-
TaderTi mizezic prezident zviad gamsaurdiasadmi maTi mtruli
damokidebuleba gaxldaT.
nodar naTaZe Tamaz gamyreliZe

wiTeli inteligencia kremlis instruqtaJiT moqmedebda da
boikots ucxadebda zviad gamsaxurdias, riTac mis dasustebasa da
damarcxebas cdilobda. Tumca, kremlis mcdelobam wiTeli inteli-
genciiT (romlebsac ideologiur-propagandistuli daniSnulebiT
aniWebdnen umaRles jildoebsa da wodebebs) daemarcxebina zviad
gamsaxurdia, ar gaamarTla. xalxis absoluturi umravlesoba mxars
uWerda zviad gamsaxurdias. am Semdgari realobis winaSe uZlur
iqmna kremli; igi samxedro gadatrialebisaTvis samzadiss Seudga.
wiTelma inteligenciam, romlis ZiriTad birTvs xelovanebi
warmoadgendnen, brZolis placdarmad kinos saxli airCia, sadac
permanentul mitingebze prezident gamsaxurdias Camogdebis su-
liskveTebiT gamodiodnen: robert sturua, rezo CxeiZe, lana
RoRoberiZe, gogi qavTaraZe, oTar liTaniSvili, Temo gocaZe,
gogi xarabaZe, rezo esaZe, qeTi doliZe, gia burjanaZe, oTar
meRvineTuxucesi, guranda gabunia, eldar Sengelaia, giorgi
Sengelaia, giga lorTqifaniZe, buba kikabiZe, dima jaiani, jan-
suR Carkviani, guram fanjikiZe, Wabua amirejibi, Tamaz wivwi-
vaZe, naira gelaSvili, iza orjonikiZe, merab mamardaSvili...
81
ganuzomeli iyo am ìnteleqtuali vasalebis~ Suri da siZul-
vili damoukidebeli saqarTvelos prezidentis zviad gamsaxur-
diasadmi. mogvianebiT vaxtang razmaZe gaixsenebs: è. Sengelaiam
miTxra: `vaxtang, Zalian pativs gcem, ar xar cudi adamiani da
gTxov, nu emsaxurebi gamsaxurdiaso~.
eldar Sengelaia: «me mivedi da davwvi gazeT «saqarTvelos
respublikis» nomrebi, sadac aTasi sisulele iwereba moskovis
ГИК-ze (Государственный институт киноматографии –avt.); saqarTve-
lo unda iyos laRi da Tavisufali qveyana... is saqarTvelo ki...
romelic maT undaT... ar gvinda aseTi saqarTvelo! ar gvinda
aseTi saqarTvelo!!!»
medrove da uwignurma, eldar Sengelaiam, SevardnaZes rodi uerT-
gula; parlamentis ukanasknel daZabul sxdomaze, grZiv skamebs Soris
CamZvralma, darbazSi SeWril saakaSvils erTi vardi gamostaca da
pirgabadrulma TviTonac aRmarTa; e. Sengelaia saakaSvilis parla-
mentaric gaxda. Sengelaia, arc mis mzrunvel ivaniSvils erTgulebs...
jansuR Carkviani im dReebSi wers: «Cveni adgili awmyosa da
momavalSi aRar aris – Cveni adgili istoriaSia».
`Tavisufleba da silaRe~ maT, kolonialuri ruseTis wiaRSi
warmoedginaT mxolod da WeSmariti TavisuflebisaTvis moRvawe
mamuliSvilebisadmi imgvari agresiiT iyvnen aRZrulni, rom mzaob-
dnen, daebnelebinaT sakuTari samSoblos momavali da istoriul
warsulSi daetovebinaT igi.
televiziis Jurnalistebis gaficva
mas Semdeg, rac 1991 wlis 22 seqtembers, kanonieri xelisufle-

bis mxardamWerma xalxma rusTavelis prospeqtidan SiSveli xelebiT
gandevna agenturuli opozicia, maT saxelmwifo televiziasTan ga-
dainacvles, sadac JurnalistTa erT nawils dawyebuli hqonda ga-
ficva `diqtatori prezidentis~ gadadgomis moTxovniT. gaficvas
saTaveSi edgnen: arCil gogelia, levan Rvinjilia, valeri kva-
racxelia, luiza SakiaSvili, mamuka areSiZe, koka yandiaSvili,
g. fanjikiZe, T. wivwivaZe, W. amirejibi, j. Carkviani, ir. were-
Teli, zviad qoriZe, Temur kvirkvelia da sxvebi. iseve, rogorc
opoziciis udidesi umravlesoba, levan Rvinjiliac moskovis kgb-s
82
agenti gaxldaT òdiSarias~ fsevdonimiT, ris damadasturebel ka-
rTotekas aqve vaqveynebT.
mogvianebiT (2002 wlis oqtomberSi) levan Rvinjilia kgb-s agen-

tobaSi, agreTve sajarod amxila parlamentarma guram SaraZemac
telekompania `rusTavi-2~-iT gamarTul debatebSi, Rvinjiliam ki
ver gaabaTila mis winaaRmdeg wayenebuli mZime braldeba, aramed
igi, xafangSi momwyvdeuliviT wrialebda. mas, arc sasamarTloSi
uCivlia SaraZisaTvis (politikuri da sazogado moRvawe, profeso-
ri guram SaraZe saakaSvil-merabiSvilis specagentebma meliqiSvi-
lis quCaze uknidan TavSi sroliT mokles 2007 wlis 20 maiss).
televiziis aqcias, mTeli samxedro arsenaliT (tankebiT, av-
tomatebiT da artileriiT) icavda prezidentisgan gandgomili
da rkonidan wamosuli Tengiz kitovani, riTac aSkara gaxda 17
seqtembers gaficuli Jurnalistebis, politikuri opoziciisa da
mwerlebis aliansi SeiaraRebul ZalebTan, romlebmac erToblivad
gaZarcves da daarbies saxelmwifo televizia. televiziidan gan-
devnes Jurnalistebi: mzia baqraZe, Tina mgalobliSvili, daviT
sokolovi, qeTevan niJaraZe, Tamar gelaSvili da sxv.
SeiaraRebulma opoziciam 25 seqtembers Tavdasxma moaxdina
Telasze, sadac daiRupa 5 da daiWra ramdenime adamiani. Telasze
gaxorcielebuli sisxliani diversiis Semdeg, wiTelma inteligen-
ciam Sewyvita mjdomare aqcia saxelmwifo universitetis kibeze
da televiziasTan gadainacvla. Telasze momxdari diversiis gamo
prezidenti iZulebuli gaxda sagangebo wesebi SemoeRo, magram
SeiaraRebuli opozicia kvlavac ganagrZobda daumorCileblobas,
destruqciul Tu kriminalur qmedebebs. amasTanave, ganagrZobdnen
83
prezidentis gadadgomis moTxovnas, rac kremlis imperiul gegmas
warmoadgenda imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom zviad gamsaxurdias ne-
bayoflobiTi gadadgoma niSnavda 1991 wlis 31 martis referendu-
misa da 9 aprilis damoukideblobis aqtis mis mierve iuridiulad
gauqmebas, anu kapitulacias. saqarTvelos respublika kvlav ru-
seTis SemadgenlobaSi – mis politikur da samarTlebriv sivrceSi
dabrundeboda, rom araferi vTqvaT im totalur saxelmwifoebriv
katastrofaze, razec winaswarmetyvelebda zviad gamsaxurdia.
opozicia, prezidentis gadadgomis moTxovnis ideologiurad
gamyarebis mizniT avrcelebda xmebs: `Tu gamsaxurdia darCeba xeli-
suflebis saTaveSi, dasavleTis qveynebi ar scnoben saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobas~o. opoziciis mtruli suliskveTebis sapirispirod,
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis cnobis procesi daiwyo 1991 wlis
27 agvistodan da grZeldeboda TviT putCis dReebSic. aRsaniSna-
via, rom amerika, ruseTis faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT, ar Cqarobda
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis cnobas da mxolod gadatrialebis
procesSi – 25 dekembers aRiara Cveni respublikis damoukideblo-
ba. aseve auCqareblad moiqca aSS – somxeTis, ukrainis, moldovasa
da sxva respublikebis damoukideblobis cnobis SemTxvevebSic. 27
agvistodan 6 ianvris gadatrialebis CaTvliT ki saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobis cnobis qronologiuri suraTi aseTi iyo:
1. rumineTi – 27 agvisto 17. beloruseTi – 27 dekemberi
2. moldoveTi – 27 agvisto 18. egvipte – 27 dekemberi
3. azerbaijani – 30 agvisto 19. alJiri – 27 dekemberi
4. somxeTi – 13 seqtemberi 20. CineTi – 27 dekemberi
5. TurqeTi – 16 dekemberi 21. sloveneTi – 27 dekemberi
6. ukraina – 16 dekemberi 22. iordania – 28 dekemberi
7. monRoleTi – 20 dekemberi 23. xorvatia – 28 dekemberi
8. litva – 20 dekemberi 24. libani – 30 dekemberi
9. irani – 25 dekemberi 25. pakistani – 31 dekemberi
10. kanada – 25 dekemberi
11. aSS – 25 dekemberi 1992 wels:
12. brazilia – 26 dekemberi 26. laosi – 2 ianvari
13. kuba – 26 dekemberi 27. erayi – 2 ianvari
14. tailandi – 26 dekemberi 28. eTiopia – 2 ianvari
15. indoeTi – 26 dekemberi 29. burundi – 6 ianvari...
16. vietnami – 27 dekemberi
84
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis cnobis procesi Seuqcevadi xde-
boda, rac sabolood TviT ruseTsac aiZulebda ecno saqarTvelos
respublikis damoukidebloba. am aRiarebiT aqts ki uciloblad
mohyveboda ganviTarebul kapitalistur qveynebTan diplomatiu-
ri, ekonomikuri da savaWro urTierTobebis damyareba;
1991 wlis 29 seqtembers saqarTveloSi erTkviriani vizitiT Ca-
movida amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis avtoritetuli sazogadoe-
brivi organizaciis `fridom risarC faundeiSnis~ mravalricxovani
delegacia. amerikeli biznesmenebis Camosvlis mizani iyo saqmiani
urTierTobebis damyareba da investiciebis gaxorcielebis SesaZle-
blobis Seswavla saqarTvelos meurneobis sxvadasxva dargebSi.
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia miesalma ra amerikel biznes-

menTa delegacias, gamoTqva imedi, rom maTi Camosvla nayofieri
iqneba, aramarto saqmiani kontaqtebis damyarebis kuTxiT, aramed
xelSemwyob faqtorad iqceva amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis ad-
ministraciis mier saqarTvelos damoukideblobis diplomatiuri
cnobis daCqarebis saqmeSic. delegaciis meTaurma jek uilerma
madloba gadauxada prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saintereso ur-
TierTobisaTvis da respublikaSi Seqmnili amomwuravi informaciis
miRebisaTvis. saqarTveloTi ucxoeli investorebis dainteresebis
85
procesi grZeldeboda Seqmnili destabilizaciis miuxedavad. pre-
zidenti zviad gamsaxurdia ki yvelafers akeTebda, raTa droulad
mieRwia stabilizaciisaTvis da qveyana dadgomoda aRmSeneblobis
gzas. am umaRlesi pasuxismgeblobis motiviT prezidentma 30 se-
qtembers gamosca brZanebuleba `saqarTvelos respublikis xeli-
suflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli aqciebis monawileTa sisxlis
samarTlis pasuxismgeblobisagan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb~, Tu
isini nebayoflobiT Caabarebdnen iaraRs(ix. brZanebuleba) .
prezidentis zemoxsenebuli brZanebuleba gamoica mas Semdeg,

rac SeiaraRebulma opoziciam 25 seqtembers moaxdina Tavdasxma
Telasze (daiRupa 5 adamiani), 30 seqtembers, putCistebma bombi
aafeTqes televiziasTan, xolo cirkis Senobidan zarbaznebi es-
roles kvebisa da soflis meurneobis saministros. esec mas Semdeg,
rac, wina dReebSi (28-29 seqtemberi), iusticiis saministroSi Sed-
ga Sexvedrebi mTavrobis warmomadgenlebsa da opozicias Soris,
romelzedac mTavrobis mxridan SeTavazebuli iyo konfliqtebis
86
mSvidobiani, dialogis gziT gadawyveta da opoziciis nebayoflo-
biTi ganiaraRebis moTxovna. opoziciam, mTavrobis winadadebis
sapirispirod wamoayena prezidentis gadadgomisa da prezidentis
institutis gauqmebis moTxovna, rac scildeboda molaparakebis sa-
gans. paralelurad, inteligenciis mxridan, gazeTebSi qveyndeboda
mowodebebi SeiaraRebuli opoziciis mimarT, raTa maT SeewyvitaT
SeiaraRebuli dapirispireba da yvela sakiTxi mxolod dialogis
gziT gadawyvetiliyo (sargis caiSvilis mimarTva `Ria werili Ten-
giz kitovans!~, ana kalandaZis mimarTva `namdvilad Rirs~, Tamaz
gamyreliZis, akaki baqraZisa da sxv.).
87
ai amgvari SeiaraRebuli dapirispirebis eskalaciis fonze pre-
zidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam gamosca zemoxsenebuli 30 seqtembris
brZanebuleba.
1991 wlis ianvris dasawyisSi, Savnabadaze (komkavSirul qalaq
`boris ZnelaZeSi~) dabanakebul `mxedrionis~ Stabs rusi samxedro
qveganayofi miadga. `mxedrionelebs~, sibnelis gamo, daupatiJebe-
li stumrebi zviad gamsaxurdias gvardielebi egonaT da cecxli
gauxsnes, rasac rusebis sapasuxo srolebi da `mxedrionis~ Stabis
darbevac mohyva. rus samxedroebsa da `mxedrionelebs~ Soris am
provokaciul SeiaraRebul dapirispirebaSi, opoziciam zviads dasdo
brali da ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi avrcelebdnen mcdar informa-
cias momxdaris Sesaxeb da daRupulTa gazviadebul raodenobasac (60
axalgazrda) asaxelebdnen. amgvari mcdari da insinuaciuri bralde-
bebi `zviad gamsaxurdias diqtatoruli reJimis~ samxilad maT daag-
zavnes ucxoeTSic. xolo, roca realuri viTareba gairkva, opozicia
ar cdila insinuaciuri braldebis gamo bodiSis moxdas xelisufle-
bis mimarT da arc gavrcelebuli dezinformaciis uaryofas.
ramdenadme mogvianebiT, SeiaraRebuli opoziciis politikur-
ma liderma Tengiz siguam atexa skandali da didi xmauri Seqmna,
Savnabadaze dabanakebuli kitovanis gvardielebis mier, viTomcda
àRmoCenil~ rigi inteligenciis `dasaxvretTa siis~ Sesaxeb.
viTomcda, prezident gamsaxurdias mier ianaevisadmi gagzavni-
li es `Savi sia~, revanSisTvis sagangebod gadamdgar, Tavad Tengiz
siguas mier iyo Sedgenili, razec am e.w. dasaxvretTa siaSi kinore-
Jisori Zmebis – eldar da giorgi Sengelaiebis gvaris arasworad
Setanac (Sengelia) metyvelebs. zviads ki namdvilad ar SeeSlebo-
da kinoreJisor Sengelaiebis gvari. maSindel sazogadoebas kargad
axsovs, agreTve siguas qadili, ìanaevis oqmebis~ gamomzeurebis
Sesaxebac, viTomcda zviad gamsaxurdias samxilad, rac veradaver
warmoadgina. im `Sav siam~ ki Tavisi provokaciuli misia Seasrula
– inteligencia aumxedra da samkvdro-sasicocxlod daapirispira
zviad gamsaxurdias. `dasaxvretTa siaze~ prezidentis xelmowe-
ris siyalbe ki daadastura sasamarTlo eqspertizam, romelsac
saqarTvelos prokuraturam gadaugzavna da romlis daskvnaSi
weria: xelmowera (saxeli da gvari) z.k. gamsaxurdias saxeliT
ganlagebul werilze: ssr kavSiris yofili vice-prezidentis
ianaevis saxelze, saqarTvelos respublikis prezidentis ger-
88
biani blankis rusulad nabeWdi teqstis bolos, sityvis Semdeg:
`prezidenti~ – Sesrulebulia ara zviad konstantines Ze gam-
saxurdias, aramed sxva piris mier mis namdvil xelmowerebze
mimsgavsebiT: ufrosi (mecnieri) eqsperti: T. andriaSvili.
qvemoT ki ixileT e.w. `dasaxvretTa siis~ sruli teqstis da
masze èqspertis daskvnis~ sruli teqstis `skaneri~ gazeTidan
`saqarTvelos respublika~, 1 oqtomberi, 1991, gv. 3.
89
90
opozicia ar iyo damoukidebeli da gulwrfeli sakuTar qme-
debebSi, aramed marTuli iyo; erovnuli xelisufleba, qveyanaSi
stabilizaciis uzrunvelyofis mizniT iZulebuli gaxda mieRo
kanoni `mitingebis Sesaxeb~, rasac daumorCilebloba gamoucxada
irakli wereTelma: `Cven ar davemorCilebiT am kanons. Cveni miza-
nia sayovelTao daumorCilebloba saqarTveloSi destabilizaciis
eskalaciiT. Cven imdenad unda gavumwaroT cxovreba xalxs, rom
igi iZulebuli gaxdes ZaliT daamxos gamsaxurdias xelisufleba...
roca wava gamsaxurdia, me gamoval iniciativiT, raTa SevardnaZe
saqarTveloSi dabrundes~.
Jurnal ògoniokTan interviuSi~ ir. wereTeli kategoriulad
acxadebs: prezidenti unda gadadges.
korespondenti: unda? magram Tu ar gadadga?
irakli wereTeli: gadadgeba. versad wava. Cven mas mosvene-
bas ar mivcemT. gadavketavT gzebs, rkinigzas, gamovrTavT Suqs.
ukompromiso brZola wava~.
Sorsgamxedvare da maRali pasuxismgeblobis mqone preziden-
ti zviad gamsaxurdia ki acxadebda: Cemi postidan gadadgo-
ma gamoiwvevs saqarTveloSi, ramdenime paraleluri mTavro-
bis Seqmnas da ramdenime erTeuli prezidentis aRmocenebas.
ufro metic, gamoiwvevs saqarTvelos teritoriaze ramdenime
saxelmwifos Camoyalibebas...~ – magram misi Segoneba ar iqna Ses-
menili kolaboracionist opozicionerTa mxridan, xolo zviadis
SorsmWvreteluri Segoneba ki, saubedurod, axda...
da maT iaraRic aiRes xelSi. `kalaSnikovis~ avtomatidan uSenda
tyviebs mTavrobis sasaxles daviT aqubardiac, romelic erovnu-
li xelisuflebis damxobis umal, Tavis ZmasTan (Tamaz aqubardia,
SemdgomSi parlamentari) erTad, jer bankiri gaxda, xolo Semdgom
telekompania `kavkasiis~ mflobeli.
akaki, am leqsis strofSi, ase mrisxanebs Sinauri mtrebis mi-
marT:
`farisevelo, gautanelo,
sxvasTan Tavmxrelo, Sin ormos mTxrelo,
nagavis myrelo, Sen Wrelo gvelo,
ram SegaZula, sTqvi, saqarTvelo~!
91
daviT aqubardia
samxedro-kriminalur gadatrialebaSi monawileoba da pre-

zidentisagan gandgoma, sajaro gancxadebiTa Tu privatul saubre-
bSi, moinanies: nodar naTaZem, gela CorgolaSvilma, luiza Sa-
kiaSvilma, guram gogbaiZem, avTandil imnaZem, mamuka areSiZem,
erekle saRlianma, dimitri jaianma, oTar meRvineTuxucesma: `...
ras verCodiTo...~
erTgvar monaniebad SeiZleba aRviqvaT Temur qoriZis ukanask-
neli wigni (2016 w.) „kaci ar yvela sworia“. prezident zviad gam-
saxurdiasgan gandgomili T. qoriZe, 1992 wlis TebervalSi, xuntis
arCevnebSi monawileobisa da stabilizaciisaken mouwodebda mTel
ers. akritikebda zviads da brals debda demokratiis xelyofaSi
(ufro vrclad ix. gv. 410-ze).
dima jaianisa da misi kampaniis mier atexil tyviis wvimas se-
nakSi, 1993 wlis zafxulSi, emsxverpla misive saxlikaci, senakeli
23 wlis Wabuki zaza jaiani.
nodar naTaZis mier 1996 wels Sedgenil `monaniebis~ teqsts sa-
TauriT – `kanonieri xelisuflebisaTvis cecxlis gaxsna saxelmwi-
fosaTvis cecxlis gaxsnaa da igi ufro mZime danaSaulia, vidre ne-
bismieri Tanamdebobis piris sicocxlis xelyofa~, – xels awerden:
nodar naTaZe, guram gogbaiZe, konstantine gugulaSvili, m. kiknaZe,
irakli wereTeli. wereTelma mogvianebiT ganacxada, rom `monaniebis~
teqsts ar iyo gacnobili da masze xelmoweras sityvierad daeTanxma
da ar iziarebda gazeTSi gamoqveynebuli `monaniebis~ Sinaarss. avTan-
dil imnaZem, romelic disidenti da yofili politpatimaric gaxl-
daT, zviadis winaaRmdeg brZola moinania 2017 wlis 21 Tebervals,
erovnul biblioTekaSi, uzenaesi sabWos deputatebTan gamarTul
Sekrebaze da Tavis maSindel saqciels yovlad gaumarTlebeli uwoda.
samxedro gadatrialebaSi monawileoba moinanies, agreTve ri-
giTma `mxedrionelebma~ da `Tbiliselebma~, ris tragikul maga-
92
liTad aq gazeT àsaval-dasavalSi~ gamoqveynebul mxolod erT
werilobiT dokuments moviyvanT:
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damxobis mizezebi,

gadatrialebis samzadisi da pirveli gasrola
ruseTis imperiis Tavkaci mixeil gorbaCovi da mis Semdgom,

prezidenti boris elcini cdilobdnen raime saxiT mainc Seenar-
CunebinaT TavianTi hegemonia yofil mokavSire respublikebze. am
mizniT, pirvelma, mixeil gorbaCovma 1991 wlis 14 noembers scada
novoogariovoSi Seeqmna e.w.axali suverenuli saxelmwifoTa kav-
Siri, rac, sinamdvileSi iseTive unitaruli saxelmwifoTa kavSi-
ri unda yofiliyo, rogoric ssrk. gorbaCovis mcdelobam sruli
fiasko ganicada, radgan (miwvevis miuxedavad) novoogariovoSi ar
Cavidnen saqarTvelos, azerbaijanis, ukrainis da sxva respublike-
bis prezidentebi, rameTu isini mixvdnen, rom maT axal imperiaSi
epatiJebodnen. miuxedavad amisa, ruseTs xeli ar auRia Tavis im-
periul ganzraxvaze; ukve prezidentad arCeulma boris elcinma,
yofil sabWoTa respublikebs samokavSireo xelSekrulebis axali
nairsaxeoba – damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis kav-
Siri (СНГ) SesTavaza da 21 dekembers alma-aTaSi moawyo Sekreba
yofili mokavSire respublikebis pirveli pirebis monawileobiT,
sadac iuridiulad gaformda ssrk-s daSla. am aqtis Tanadroulad
Seiqmna e.w. damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis kavSiri –
СНГ. xsenebul Sekrebaze prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam damkvir-
93
veblad wargzavna vice-premieri guram absanZe da uzenaesi sabWos
Tavmjdomaris moadgile nemo burWulaZe. gazeT àxali erisTvis~
micemul interviuSi b-n absanZe ambobs, rom im istoriul Sekre-
baze elcinma agrZnobina maT, rom Tu saqarTvelo СНГ-Si ar gawe-
vriandeba, Tqveni xelisuflebis dReebi daTvliliao. analogiuri
muqaris zarebi kremlidan irekeboda prezident zviad gamsaxur-
diasTanac. putCi daiwyo 22 dekembers dilis 8-is naxevarze da ara
– 10,15 an 20 dekembers, vinaidan, isini 21 dekembramde elodnen,
rom saqarTvelos prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia xels moawer-
da samokavSireo xelSekrulebas, risTvisac b-n absanZes, ruseTis
mTavrobis erT-erTma xelmZRvanelma, gadasca elcinis telefonis
nomeri, raTa elcinisTvis Tanxmobis Sesaxeb daereka zviads 21
dekembris dilis 7 saaTamde.
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikis prezidentma zviad
gamsaxurdiam ruseTis federaciis prezident elcins ar daure-
ka da agenturul opozicias (siguas, ioselians, kitovans, yarya-
raSvils adamias...) mieca gankarguleba SeiaraRebuli gadatriale-
bis dawyebis Taobaze. naxevar saaTSi daiwyo putCi.
xuntis organizatori Tengiz sigua, 22 dekembersve moiTxov-
da prezidentis gadadgomas. gaborotebuli premieri sigua,
sastumro `Tbilisidan~ satelefono kavSiriT prezidentTan,
imperatiuli toniT da agresiuli muqariT moiTxovs misgan:
`...Tqveni Secodeba meti aRar iqneba! Tqven didi xania unda
gadamdgariyaviT! Tqven exla gamobrZandebiT TeTri droSiT,
Tu gindaT sicocxle SeinarCunoT, Tu arada amogbugaven yve-
las!~ Tengiz siguas muqaras, sastumro `TbilisSi~ Sekrebi-
li siguas Tanamzraxvelebi taSiTa da ovaciebiT Sexvdnen. misi
ultimatumis Seusruleblobis gamo, sigua, Tavdacvis minis-
tris moadgile besik quTaTelaZes aZlevs brZanebas preziden-
tis dapatimrebis Sesaxeb. quTaTelaZe, prezidentisTvis sate-
levizio kavSiris gawyvetis mizniT, ikavebs satelevizio anZas
da Tavad ganagebs. `movuwodebT prezidents, uflebamosile-
ba gadasces parlaments da mis Tavmjdomares, Semdeg xalxi
gamoutans ganaCens yvelas, visac am omis dawyebaSi miuZR-
vis brali~, amjeradac daweril ultimatums Zlivs kiTxulobs
b. quTaTelaZe, romelic siguas marionetadaa gadaqceuli. maT-
Tan samxedro kavSirSia nodar giorgaZec (avRanelTa kavSiris
94
yofili Tavmjdomare) da givi kvantalianic. besik quTaTelaZe,
romelsac ndoba gamoucxada zviad gamsaxurdiam, sCadis usindiso
Ralats da ar indobs prezidents. xolo Semdgom ki, yaryaraSvil-
Tan erTad, igi vetmfreniT eSveba zugdidSi, raTa prezidentis
erTgulebisaTvis samagaliTod dasajon zugdidelebi.
saqarTvelos uSiSroebis general-maiori oTar xatiaSvili,
uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomare zviad gamsaxurdiam, uSiSroebis
departamentis Tavmjdomaris movaleobis Semsruleblad daniSna.
xatiaSvilma, zviadis keTilganwyoba da ndoba miT moipova, rom
xatiaSvilma uSuamdgomla givi gumbariZesTan, raTa saidumlo
dokumentacia (originalebi) srulad gadaeca misTvis. marTalia,
oTar xatiaSvili, dekember-ianvris gadatrialebis dros aRar iyo
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mTavrobis uSiSroebis xelmZRva-
neli, magram igi xuntis Zalebs exmareboda; 1991 wlis 31 ianvars,
xatiaSvilis mier rekomendirebuli specialistis meSveobiT, levan
SaraSeniZem (SemdgomSi, siguas droebiTi mTavrobis Tavdacvis mi-
nistri), prezident zviad gamsaxurdias, jorjiaSvilis quCis Wi-
dan, gadauWra sakomunikacio kabeli(`veCe~), romliTac prezidenti
sakuTar gvardiasTan amyarebda kontaqts.zviadis xelisuflebis
uSiSroebis ministri Tamaz ninuac (colTan erTad sakuTar saxl-
Si mokles 2009 wlis noemberSi) 22 dekembers kitovanisa da iose-
lianis mxareze gadavida.
kavSirgabmulobis ministri feliqs tyebuCava ki prezidents
satelefono kavSirebs uspobs, sadRac aqrobs kavSirgabmulobis
danadgarebiT aRWurvil manqanas. erovnuli xelisuflebis kavSir-
gabmulobis es ministri f. tyebuCava, igive aprobirebuli meTodiT
moqmedebs 1993 wlis Semodgomazec samegreloSi, kavSirgabmulobis
gareSe tovebs ra prezident zviad gamsaxurdias da ukve meored
uwyobs SeTqmulebas.
yofili parlamentaris, aWaris saarCevno blok àRorZinebidan~
(1999-2003 w.w.), sandro bregaZis mtkicebiT mTavrobis sasaxleze
pirveli gasrola moaxdina Tengiz siguas dacvis ufrosma murTaz
SaluaSvilma. `1991 wlis 21 dekembris Rames, 22 dekembris gamTe-
niamde, Tengiz sigua Tavisi dacvis 14 wevrTan erTad imyofeboda
aleqsandrovis baRSi (mTavrobis sasaxlis winamdebare igive 9 apri-
lis baRi – l.c). siguas dacvis 14-ive wevri, rogorc Semdeg gax-
da cnobili, iyo ruseTis specsamsaxurebis agenti da maT hqondaT
davalebuli TbilisSi omis provocireba... sxvaTaSoris, `vardebis
95
revoluciis~ dros, swored am SaluaSvilma Camouxsna sxdomaTa
darbazis kari parlamentSi Sevardnil saakaSvils da, etyoba am
damsaxurebisaTvis uziT~ igi parlamentSi mandaturTuxucesado.
saxelmwifo televiziis blokada – mikrofoniT xelSi Tengiz sigua,

marjvniv misi dacvis ufrosi murTaz SaluaSvili, SaluaSvilis
gverdiT samxedro qudSi gela lanCava.
niSandoblivi da sagulisxmoa, rom murTaz SaluaSvili dRemde

ucvleli mandaturTuxucesia da me-9 mowvevis 2016-20 wlebis par-
lamentSic inarCunebs am Tanamdebobas.
opoziciuri gazeTis `saxalxo ganaTle-
bis~ yofili redaqtorisa da deputatis
apolon silagaZis dokumentur wignSi `ra
xdeboda TbilisSi 22/X11. 1991 – 6.1. 92~ –
opozicioneri elguja beriSvili ase
aRwers putCis dawyebas: `20 dekembers...
respublikis moedanze gamarTuli mitingis
monawileebma mTavrobis sasaxlisken gadai-
nacvles... 21 dekembers, RamiT opoziciam
daiwyo rusTavelze Caxergili avtobusebi-
murTaz SaluaSvili
96
sa da mZime satvirTo manqanebis gayvana~. SeiaraRebuli opoziciis
mier rusTavelis prospeqtis barikadebisagan gawmendis samzadisma,
romelic `Serigebis~ mowodebiT iniRbeboda, xelisuflebis mxridan
xelis SeSlis gareSe Caiara da Serigebis mowodebiT mosulebTan
mosalaparakeblad qalaqis meri Tamaz vaSaZe da deputati avTan-
dil rcxilaZe wargzavna. opoziciam mTavrobis wargzavnili orive
piri gaitaca da mTavrobis saxlis mimdebare teritoriebze (maT
Soris, qaSueTis eklesiaSic) daiwyes mZime sabrZolo teqnikis mobi-
lizeba. sabrZolo teqnika Sezides veris wm.panteleimonis eklesia-
Sic, saidanac cecxls uSendnen `kolxur koSks~. eklesiebis sabrZo-
lo placdarmad gamoyenebis ufleba ki xuntas patriarqisgan
hqondaT miRebuli.
uzenaes sabWos Senobaze Sturmis dawyebasTan dakavSirebiT
jaba ioseliani wers: `vacxadeb isev Cems formulas: `yvelas, mi-
nus erTi!~ zviad gamsaxurdia unda wavides... virCevT akademias
zemelze. SegviZlia zemodan SemovuaroT sasaxles, Spilze naRmsa-
tyorcnsa da tyviamfrqvevs davdgamT... oTar liTaniSvilma Tbi-
lisis detaluri ruka da mTavrobis sasaxlis Senobis gegma moi-
tana... yaryaraSvils vaCveneb Tbilisis rukas, saidan daviwyoT
diliT ieriSi... giga arvelaZes vavaleb mTavrobis sasaxlis Semo-
garenis Sesamowmeblad dazvervaze gagzavnos erTi aTeuli, isini
xom arafers apireben... Semodis kitovani... gverdze gavyavar: `kaci
gamoCnda, romelmac icis iseTi Sesasvleli bunkerSi, pirdapir
zviadis oTaxs miadgeba~... Tvals mipaWunebs, iRimis...~.
zemomoyvanili citatebidan aSkarad da cxadad Cans, rom pirve-
li gasrola da Sturmic uzenaesi sabWos Senobaze SeiaraRebulma
opoziciam ganaxorciela da amis dasturad Cven mxolod opozi-
cionerTa werilobiTi wyaroebi moviyvaneT da arc erTi, kanonie-
ri xelisuflebis momxreebisa. igives adasturebs gela lanCavac,
rom 22-Si, daaxloebiT dilis 1 saaTze gia yaryaraSvils Sevxvdio,
misi formireba am dros cxinvalSi iyoo. vuTxari imis Sesaxeb,
rac xdeboda. maSinve davsxediT manqanaSi da wavediT qsnisken,
gzaSi SevxvdiT cxinvalidan momaval yaryaraSvilis formirebebs.
daaxloebiT 80 kacamde iqnebodneno. gamovbrundiT Tbilisisaken.
iqneboda Tormeti an pirveli saaTi. maSin ganvaxorcieleT namd-
vili kargi gasrola naRmtyorcnebidan. 4 naRmi Cavarda uzenaesi
sabWos SenobaSi da mere daiwyo namdvili omio.
97
1992 wlis 6 ianvars, kremlis saokupacio reJimidan SeiaraRe-
bul-dafinansebulma xuntam, orkviriani brZolebis Sedegad,
daamxo damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti da erov-
nuli mTavroba. prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, sisxlisRvris
Sewyvetis mizniT miiRo iZulebiTi gadawyvetileba uzenaesi sabWos
Senobisa da qveynis datovebis Sesaxeb.
am sisxlian gadatrialebasTan dakavSirebiT, gazeT `saqarT-

velos respublikis~ 1992 wlis 6 ianvris specialuri gamoSvebiT,
Tengiz kitovani da jaba ioseliani iuwyebodnen:
98
erovnuli mTavrobis satransporto kolonas, metexis xidTan,
goga xaindravas SeiaraRebulma razmma `deviatkam~ cecxli gauxs-
na da avtobusebSi Caxoces da daWres ramdenime maTgani (guram
absanZe da sxv.). devnil prezidentsa da mis mTavrobas, daWeris
mizniT `wiTel xidamde~ avtomatebis kakaniT sdies: giorgi Senge-
laiam, vaxtang kikabiZem da giorgi (goga) xaindravam.
vinaidan, SeiaraRebul mdevrebs gamsaxurdiam somxeTSi ga-
daaswro, samxedro sabWom (sigua, ioseliani, kitovani, vaxtang raz-
99
maZe – xuntis prokurori), 7 ianvars, somxeTSi, prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias gadmocemis moTxovniT wargzavna:
aleqsandre kavsaZe,
giorgi Sengelaia,
revaz yifiani, genprokuroris moadgile
givi kvantaliani, Ss ministris moadgile
prezidentma gamsaxurdiam, xuntis warmomadgenlebTan Sexve-
draze, uari ganacxada.
saqarTvelos samxedro sabWom, somxeTis prezidentTan, 1992
wlis 13 ianvars meore delegacia wargzavna zviad gamsaxurdias
gadmocemis moTxovniT. xuntis ndobiT aRWurvil delegacias
warmoadgendnen: eldar Sengelaia (delegaciis meTauri), Wabua
amirejibi, grigol (giga) lorTqifaniZe, giorgi (goga) xaindra-
va, vaxtang kikabiZe, revaz yifiani. somxeTis prezidentma levon
ter-petrosianma da parlamentis Tavmjdomarem babken ararkcian-
ma, qarTvelTa delgacias gamsaxurdias gadacemis ultimatumze,
marTalia uariT upasuxes, magram imave dRes, gamsaxurdias, somxe-
Tis datovebis winadadeba misces. devnili prezidenti da misi mTa-
vroba iCqeriis prezidentma joxar dudaevma Seifara.
vaxtang razmaZem, devnil prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT
sisxlis samarTlis saqme aRZra.
100
samxedro sabWos davalebiT, wiTelma nomenklaturulma in-
teligenciam, saqarTveloSi Seqmnili politikuri mdgomareobis
aRweriT sagangebo weriliT mimarTa somxeTis inteligencias:
qarTveli inteligenciis mimarTva somexi

inteligenciisadmi
Cveno Zvirfaso megobrebo da kolegebo!

1991 da 1992 wlebis mijnaze Zalian mZime da tragikuli dReebi
gadaitana qarTvelma xalxma Ria da Seurigebel brZolaSi, saqarT-
velos respublikis yofil prezident zviad gamsaxurdias reJimTan
da mis momxreebTan, diqtaturasTan demokratiisaTvis brZolaSi,
romelmac migviyvana samxedro Setakebamde, daRvril iqna adamian-
Ta sisxli, daiwva da daingra rusTavelis prospeqtis mniSvnelo-
vani nawili – Tbilisis siamaye da silamaze, daiwva agreTve mTeli
rigi mimdebare sacxovrebeli saxlebi da dawesebulebebi.mowinave,
progresulma qarTvelma inteligenciam, misma saukeTeso warmomad-
genlebma: mwerlebma, poetebma, kompozitorebma, mxatvrebma, moqan-
dakeebma, arqiteqtorebma, mecnier-muSakebma, zviad gamsaxurdias
xelisuflebaSi mosvlis pirvelive dReebidan aRimaRles protes-
tis xma mis mier damyarebuli totalitaruli reJimis winaaRmdeg
erovnuli da eTnikuri problemebis sisxlisRvris gziT gadaWris
winaaRmdeg. samoqalaqo omis inspirirebis winaaRmdeg.
qarTuli inteligencia sakiTxisadmi aseT midgomas yovelTvis
vandalizmad Tvlida, Tavazobda mis gadawyvetas civiluri gziT,
molaparakebis magidasTan.
Cveno somexi Zmebo da kolegebo!
CvenTvis sasiamovnoa Tqveni mxardaWera, gulwrfeli gamoZaxi-
li, imis codna, rom Tqven yuradRebiT adevnebT Tvalyurs saqarT-
veloSi mimdinare movlenebs, Tqveni daxmarebis SemoTavazeba kri-
zisuli movlenebis gadaWraSi. Cveni xalxebi, qarTuli da somxuri
mecniereba, xelovneba, literatura da mTlianad kulturis is-
toria es aris erToblivi brZola samarTlianobisa da sibrZnisa
borotebasTan, umecrebasTan, tiraniasTan da nacionalizmTan. Cven
gvixaria, rom yvela droSi qarTuli da somxuri inteligencia ga-
modioda gamarjvebuli am mZime, magram samarTlian brZolaSi.
101
Cven axlac madlobeli varT mxardaWerisTvis. Cven gvwams, rom
Cveni urTierToba momavalSi ufro myari iqneba, rom male mogvi-
SuSdeba iarebi da damyardeba mSvidoba da keTildReoba kavkasiaSi
da mTels msoflioSi.
RmerTi iyos Cveni mfarveli.
qarTuli inteligenciis saxeliT:
oTar liTaniSvili – q. Tbilisis mTavari mxatvari, saq. sax.

mxatvari.
buba kikabiZe – saq. sax. artisti
sofiko Wiaureli – saq. da somxeTis sax. artisti
lana RoRoberiZe – saq. sax. artisti, kinoreJisori
jansuR Carkviani – poeti
biZina kvernaZe – kompozitori,
giorgi ciciSvili – saq. mecnierebaTa akademiis wevr–kores-
pondenti, sax. xelovnebis istoriis institutis direqtori
vaxuSti kotetiSvili – profesori
giorgi Sengelaia – kinoreJisori,saq. sax. artisti
feliqs Rlonti – kompozitori, saq. sax. artisti
giga lorTqifaniZe – reJisori, saq. Semoqm. kavSiris Tavmjdo-
mare
guram mirianaSvili – arqiteqtori, saq. respublikis mSene-
blobisa da arqiteqturis saqmeTa ministri
xuta berulava – poeti
elguja amaSukeli – moqandake, saq, sax. mxatvari
gia badriZe – kinodramaturgi
guram gverdwiTeli – literaturaTmcodne, gamomcemloba `me-
ranis~ direqtori.
102
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobisa da saqarTvelodan gande-
vnis gamo, Cemi tragizmiTa da sisxlnarevi cremlebiT savse „mi-
locva“ mivitane arCil gogelias gazeTSi „droni“. a. gogeliam,
ramdenjerme waikiTxa „milocvis“ teqsti, uamurad atriala xelSi
da mis ukan dabrunebas Seecada. mivuxvdi ra, gadawyvetilebas,
ùfali~ redaqtori davanamuse:
`batono arCil, Tqven, presisa da televiziis monopolizeba-
Si adanaSaulebdiT zviads da diqtatorobas swamebdiT mas. da, ai,
movedi me am patara replikiT, „demokrat“ redaqtorTan da da-
mibeWdeT!~
gogeliam iZulebiT daitova Cemi replika da mravaljeradi sa-
telefono Sexsenebis Semdgom, rogorc iqna, damibeWda. oRond,
dabeWda, Cemdami Seuracxmyofeli da sisxlis samarTlis muqaris
Semcveli minaweriT (ix. qvemoT)...
g i l o c a v T...
„am diliT, 1992 wlis 6 ianvars, saqarTveloSi sabolood
daemxo, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias diqtatura. prezidenti
da misi TanamebrZolebi gaiqcnen. mTavrobis sasaxle mTlianad
demokrat mebrZolTa xelSia“ (saqarTvelos televiziis infor-
macia).
gamarjvebis yiJina. zalpi.
gilocavT.
Tqven da mxolod Tqven, popularulo inteligenciav!
vinac: mZulvarebiT, intrigiT, SuriT SeTiTxneT diqtato-
ris Savbneli kerpi. „hka, magaso!...“ dasciT yiJina da ugunurTa
gundic azvavda; geSiT ekveTnen da veluri dagemovnebiT Rvares
Zmis sisxli, barbarosulad moaoxres deda-qalaqi, yovel qarT-
velTa sulieri navTsayudeli.
gilocavT, vinac Zmas gamarjveba, mtrisebr mooxviT, azeimeT,
vinac: ciliswamebis, bezRisa da farisevlobis sazareli speqtak-
li dadgiT. vinac Rirseba SemilaxeT da Tavi mkerdze damaxre-
vineT (Cemi sircxvilis dedaqalaqSi, me xom, amayad da silaRiT
veRar gavivli).
gilocavT, vinac saqarTvelo ase ulmoblad daasamareT,
vinac naTeli dasudreT bneliT.
vinac, qarTvelTa guldedlobis da Ralatis mowme gamxadeT,
103
vinac mieciT sadinari, aRviraxsnil, utifar tyuils.
gilocavT: rusis zarbazniT qarTvelTa Jletas, mSobliuri
qalaqis ngrevas, sakuTari eris genocids... mSvidobian momi-
tingTa da avtobusis uiaraRo mgzavrTa daxvretas (am ultra-
faSizms).
olimpiur dumils gilocavT.
gilocavT: did bazaleTs da qarTvelTa uTvalav gvamebs.
gilocavT da,
RmerTma SegindoT...
leila comaia
1992 wlis 7 ianvari,
qristeSobis dRe
gazeTi „droni“, 18 ianvari, 1992 weli.
gazeTis redaqtoris minaweris erTi fragmenti:“...Cven amgvar werilebs,
Cveulebriv ar vbeWdavT xolme, magram amjerad gamonaklisi davuSviT,
radgan ciliswameba sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli gaxlavT da Tu qal-
baton leila comaias surs amgvari danaSaulis sabuTi Cveni gazeTis sa-
SualebiT Semounaxos STamomavlobas, misi nebaa“.
momdevno fotoze aRbeWdilia Tbilisis omSi `gamarjvebuli~

goga xaindrava 1991 w. 27 dekembers. morfze damokidebul da mudam
fulze daxarbebul xaindravas, arasodes gaaCnda ideuri faseu-
lobebi da mis umTavres Rirebulebas mudam fuli warmoadgenda,
ris gamoc igi samSoblosa da ersac udrtvirvnelad gayidda. es
104
sisxlaRreuli qarTveli xaindrava dRemde darCa fulis wuwkad da
`persona non-gratad~!
raki, zviad gamsaxurdiam, mdevrebs gaaswro somxeTSi, xuntis xe-

lisufleba Seecada, zvartnocis aeroportidan mainc, zaur bedias
mier afrenili TviTmfrinavi vazianSi daesva, rac ruseTis moTxovnac
iyo. maRali klasis profesionalma mfrinavma zaur bediam TviTmfri-
navi katapultirebiT atyorcna haerSi da gezi groznosken aiRo. Sa-
raSeniZem haerSi ori aviagamanadgurebeli mainc gaisrola.
samxedro aviaciis generali levan SaraSeniZe srulad imperia-
listuri ruseTis interesebis damcveli gaxldaT:
– me, rogorc sabWoTa armiis generali, zomebs viRebdi imi-
saTvis, rom gamsaxurdiasTan dapirispirebuli SeiaraRebuli
formirebebi maqsimalurad momemaragebina iaraRiT. amisTvis
rusi generlebi Cems yvela moTxovnas akmayofilebdnen, viTxov-
di da maZlevdnen. amas me ar vmalav. bepaevi da generali greko-
vi uSualod amiT iyvnen dakavebuli. am yvelafers ki soxumidan
patrikeevi akontrolebda. es ukve is periodi iyo, roca ruseTi
Cvenze iyo orientirebuli da ara gamsaxurdiaze. ruseTi iaraR-
sac gvaZlevda da teqnikasac. rusebis mier mocemuli ori `hau-
bica~ mTavrobis saxlis win muSaobda.
1992 wlis 14 Tebervlis samitamde baton eduards moskov-
Si vestumre. visaubreT misi saqarTveloSi dabrunebaze. igi
amisaTvis mzad iyo. minskis samitis dRes Jurnalistebis wi-
naSe es teqsti wavikiTxe: àmxanagebo, pativcemulo leonid
makareviC (kravCuki, romelic sxdomas Tavmjdomareobda), neba
105
momeciT saqarTvelos droebiTi mTavrobis davalebiT Semdegi
gancxadeba gavakeTo, saqarTveloSi ganxorcielda demokratiu-
li revolucia. daemxo zviad gamsaxurdias diqtatoruli da
avtoritaruli reJimi misi yvelaze uaresi ojaxuri diqtatis
movleniT. Cven vebrZodiT ara prezidentis instituts, ara par-
laments, Cven vebrZodiT adamians, romelic damRupvel poli-
tikas atarebda saqarTveloSi. man zarali ara marto qarTvel,
aramed sxva xalxebsac miayena. .. yvelas madlobas vuxdiT, vinc
Cven mxars gviWerda gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg brZolaSi da isi-
ni amaSi ar Semcdaran. amas dro dagvimtkicebs. saqarTvelos
dsT-Si gawevrianebas gadawyvets axlad arCeuli parlamenti.
mzad varT, kargi urTierToba gvqondes amierkavkasiis samxedro
jarebTan, romlebsac saokupacio statusi movuxseniT~.
levan SaraSeniZis sityvas mZafri reaqcia mohyva belorusiis
prezidentis SuSkeviCis mxridan, romelmac pirdapir miaxala sa-
qarTvelos droebiTi mTavrobis warmomadgenels, rom saqarTve-
loSi araviTari demokratiuli revolucia ar momxdara da rom
igi qarTuli xuntis warmomadgenelia, rom saqarTveloSi Tqven
daamxeT kanonieri xelisuflebao.
levan SaraSeniZes, moskovSi zurgs umagrebda saqarTvelos
droebiTi mTavrobis elCi valerian advaZe.
da ras iqmoda gadatrialebis periodSi erovnuli xelisu-
flebis meore umaRlesi piri, uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomare akaki
asaTiani? igi meryeobda, yvelanairad cdilobda Tavi aeridebina
putCisti deputatebis dagmobisaTvis da bolos saerTod gaecala
brZolis vels avadmyofobis sababiT. Semdeg igi uecrad gamoCnda
zugdidSi, sadac xalxs mouwodebda ar wasuliyvnen xelisuflebis
dasaxmareblad da ar mieRoT monawileoba brZolebSi. aseTive agi-
tacias eweoda igi quTaissa da sxva qalaqebSi.
a. asaTiani, romelmac Tavisi Tavi gadamdgarad gamoacxada,
xolo kanonieri parlamenti daSlilad, SemdgomSi yovelnairad
cdilobda xeli Seewyo mafiozuri xuntis cru parlamentis Seko-
wiwebaSi aralegitimuri arCevnebis gziT... misi amgvari moRalatu-
ri pozicia prezident zviad gamsaxurdias samarTlian guliswyro-
mas iwvevda.
niSandoblivia gazeT àxalgazrda iverielis~ informacia aka-
ki asaTianis `mkurnalobis~ vadebTan dakavSirebiT, vnaxoT igic:
106
ùzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomare batoni akaki asaTiani qobuleTis
samkurnalo-sareabilitacio sanatorium `saqarTveloSi~ agrZe-
lebs mkurnalobas. mkurnalobis kursi daaxloebiT sam kviras gas-
tans~.
anu, gazeTis uwyebiT, winaswargacxadebuli „mkurnalobis
samkviriani“ vada, srulad da zustad moicavs, gadatrialebis
mzadebis, dawyebisa da dasrulebis periods 6 ianvris CaTvliT. ga-
datrialebis Semdgom, ak. asaTiani, („kgb“- s fsevdonimiT „maliSi“)
brundeba TbilisSi da saidumlo Sexvedrebs awyobs Tengiz siguas-
Tan. Tengiz siguasgan dainstruqtaJebuli ak. asaTiani, 1991 wlis
17 ianvars midis, filarmoniis qvemoT mdebare kinoTeatr „amira-
nis“ darbazSi, sadac winaswar Sekrebilebi arian uzenaesi sabWos
deputatebis nawili. Sekrebas Tavmjdomared evlineba ak. asaTiani,
romelic ixilavs sakiTxs uzenaesi sabWos axali, vadamdeli arCe-
vnebis daniSvnis Sesaxeb, raTa moxdes axali xelisuflebis legiti-
macia. risTvisac saWiroa Catardes uzenaesi sabWos sesia qvoru-
mis uzrunvelyofiT. qvorumis pirobad miCneul iqna garicxuli
komunisti deputatebis dabruneba uzenaes sabWoSi. alternativad
wamoyenebul iqna erovnuli krebis mowveva (paata koRuaSvili da
sxv.).
moRalate akaki asaTianisadmi uaryofiTi damokidebuleba ar
ganelebula erSi, magram ramdenadac sakvirveli unda iyos, pre-
zident zviad gamsaxurdias SvilebSi pativdebuli aRmoCnda igi.
ase, magaliTad; 2014 wlis 10 marts, konstantine gamsaxurdiam (um-
crosi) moawyo zviad gamsaxurdias gardacvalebis garemoebebTan
dakavSirebuli wignis prezentacia – `zviad gamsaxurdias saqme~.
prezentaciaze konstantines miwveuli hyavda akaki asaTianic da
mas sityviT gamosvlac SesTavaza, rasac darbazidan Cemi replika
mohyva: `samwuxaroa, rom iudebze moTxovnileba dResac arsebobs
da am Sekrebazec!...~-meTqi! replikas ganmartebac mivayole: `garda
prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasi, am darbazSi sxedan adamianebic,
romlebmac, akaki asaTianis Ralatisa da SeTqmulebis Sedegad sas-
tiki represiebi gamoiares da protests gicxadebT am moRalatis
pativiT mowvevis gamo~. xolo ak. asaTians ki mivmarTe, rom saku-
Tari Ralatis garemoebebze esaubra. Cemma replikam da SeniSvnam
samive gamsaxurdias (kokos, giorgis da mogvianebiT, cotnes) gu-
liswyroma gamoiwvia.
107
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis dokumenturi wignis
prezentaciaze akaki asaTianis mowveva da sityvis micemis pativic
konstantinesagan, piradad CemTvis didi moulodneloba gaxldaT,
xolo Tavad akaki asaTianis mxridan ki, WeSmaritad didi gabedule-
ba. mas damswreTa umravlesobis ukmayofilo SeZaxilebiT mouwia
darbazis datoveba.
konstantine da cotne gam-
saxurdiebma, pativi miages,
agreTve gardacvlil jansuR
Carkvians samZimarze wuxiliT
misvliT. giorgi ki saqarTve-
loSi ar imyofeboda, igi Se-
vardnaZis Zalovan struq-
turebSi msaxurobda da `keTil
babus~ eZaxda SevardnaZes.
xalxSi ki iyo molodini, rom
giorgi SevardnaZis ndobis mopovebas cdilobs da erTxelac ty-
vias daaxlis mamamisis mkvlelso.
opozicia, iaraRiTa da fuliT moskovidan maragdeboda, rac
oficialurad ganacxada ruseTis federaciis umaRlesi sabWos de-
putatma iuri afanasievma, rom gorbaCovma da SevardnaZem 65 milio-
ni rubli gaiRes saqarTveloSi putCis momzadebisa da gaxorcie-
lebisaTvis. garda amisa, ruseTi, samxedro ZaliTac monawileobda
putCSi specjguf àlfa~ da ZerJinskis saxelobis diviziiT, agreTve
amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis jaris nawilebiT general-leitenant
sufian bepaevis sardlobiT, rasac adasturebs xuntis Jurnalisti
mamuka areSiZec, rom dasamali ukve aRar aris, ruseTis jarTan kon-
taqtebi iyo Tbilisis omis drosac da manamdeco (mamuka areSiZem,
Zalian didi dagvianebiT, 2017 wels televiziiT aRiara Tavisi wili
danaSauli erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobaSi). xolo gazeT ìzves-
tiis~ korespondenti evgeni krutikovi gvamcnobs, rom saqarTvelos
putCSi monawileobda rostovis specnazi.
2002 w. 6 ianvars telekompania `rusTavi -2~-iT naCveneb doku-
mentur filmSi `Caketili wre~, opozicioneri deputati irakli
melaSvili ambobs, rom saqarTvelos putCs moskovidan xelmZRva-
nelobda ruseTis mTavrobis maRali Tanamdebobis piri burbuli-
sico. ruseTis dumis deputat kovaliovis gancxadebiTac, ruseTs,
108
saqarTveloSi, saxelmwifo gadatrialeba, 65 milioni rubli dau-
jda.
akaki asaTianis msgavsad, Tengiz siguasa da kremlTan daaxlo-
vebul zurab wereTelTan, moRalatur aliansSi imyofeboda
erovnuli mTavrobis sagareo saqmeTa ministri gogi xoStariac;
xoStaria, nacvlad imisa rom Tanamdebobis Sesatyvisi codna gaeR-
rmavebina, sagareo ekonomikisa da biznesis sakiTxebSi profesio-
nalurad garkveuliyo, mTel Tavis moRvaweobas tyuilebsa da in-
trigebis xlarTvas andomebda. igi, prezidentisagan SeuTanxmeblad
miemgzavreboda ucxoeTSi Tavis meuRlesTan erTad da ZiriTadad
maRaziebSi daexetebodnen. sagareo saqmeTa ministris postze, mas
ar moumzadebia arcerTi oficialuri viziti prezidentisaTvis da
misTvis arasodes warudgenia angariSi sakuTari sazRvargareTu-
li vizitebisa. igi saidumlo Sexvedrebs awyobda SevardnaZesTan
moskovSi, rasac zurab wereTeli uzrunvelyofda. xoStaria-Se-
vardnaZis gegmas warmoadgenda saqarTvelos prezidentis zviad
gamsaxurdias miaxleba gorbaCovTan erTgulebis ficiT. `sanam
gorbaCovs ar SexvdebiT, buSi ar migiRebs~, CasCiCinebdnen zviads
gogi xoStaria da zurab wereTeli.
opoziciasTan saidumlo kavSir-urTierTobaSi imyofeboda uze-
naesi sabWos uSiSroebis sabWos wevri zviad bokuCavac.
SevardnaZis neokomunistur xuntas-
Tan saidumlod TanamSroblobdnen mi-
rian mirianaSvili, gogi xoStaria,
ak.asaTiani da z. bokuCava televizias-
Tan, Savnabadaze da Tbilisis zRvazec.
xolo, rodesac maTi RalatiT daemxo
da ganidevna zviad gamsaxurdia, Se-
vardnaZe Seecada xoStaria-asaTianis
politikuri tandemiT Seeqmna òpozi-
cia~, romelic misganve iqneboda mar-
Tuli.
SevardnaZis mizans warmoadgenda, am fsevdo-opozicioneri
liderebis garSemo Semoemtkicebina sruliad saqarTvelos erov-
nul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba, mieRoT monawileoba xuntis
arCevnebSi, rogorc SevardnaZis radikalur opozicias da legi-
timuri gaexada misi xelisufleba. am mizniT, xoStaria-asaTianma,
109
satelevizio gamosvlebiT iwyes SevardnaZis xmamaRali kritika da
qveyanaSi stabilizaciis aRdgenis rekomendaciebis micema xelisu-
flebisTvis. maTi gamosvlebis Sinaarsi pro-zviadisturi orienta-
ciisa iyo.
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba ar endo xoStaria-asa-
Tianis neokomunistur tandems, moRalated Seracxa isini da
gaagrZela brZola da daumorCilebloba SevardnaZis xuntisturi
xelisuflebisadmi. romelic 2003 wlamde, anu SevardnaZis gadaye-
nebamde gagrZelda.
gogi xoStaria aRSfoTebasa da ukmayofilebas ver malavda ukve
damxobili zviad gamsaxurdias, saqarTvelodan, cocxlad gasvlis
gamo. amasTan dakavSirebiT dodona kiziria ixsenebs: `var televi-
ziis Senobis mesame sarTulis kibeebze da vxedav gogi xoStarias
da misken daviZari. am dros pirveli sarTulidan zemoT amodis
kinoreJisori giorgi Sengelaia... `ra qeni, biWo! cocxali rogor
gauSvi!~ – uyviris gogi xoStaria zemodan giorgi Sengelaias...~
erTaderTi deputati, vinc SevardnaZesTan Riad Sevida poli-
tikur aliansSi (mirian mirianaSvilis Semdgom), nugzar molodi-
naSvili iyo. 2003 wlis 2 noembris saparlamento arCevnebSi, molo-
dinaSvilma, SevardnaZis politikur blok àxali saqarTvelos~ siiT
iyara kenWi. uzenaesi sabWos deputatis amgvari TviTlustrireba
sacnaur moulodnelobad iqca, rameTu igi SevardnaZis politpa-
timars warmoadgenda da misma politpatimrobam da SimSilma Seiwi-
ra molodinaSvilis mSoblebi. manamde, molodinaSvili, ar yofila
SemCneuli prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi RalatSi da zogadad
igi gonier kacad miiCneoda. Tumca, 1994 wels, prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT, gavrcelda xma, rom
1993 wlis noemberSi, foTSi moxda saidumlo Sekreba prezidentis
garemocvis ramdenime piris (romlis organizatorad nugzr mo-
lodinaSvili saxeldeboda) da am Sekrebaze zviadis mkvlelobas
uyares kenWio. danamdvilebiT verafers vityviT qristesmieri gam-
cemlobis am `saidumlo serobis~ Sesaxeb, magram istoriuli faqti
ki namdvilad Sedga 2003 wlis 2 noembris saparlamento arCevneb-
Si; uzenaesi sabWos deputati nugzar molodinaSvili SevardnaZis
amoyiravebul navSi Caxta misi politikuri reanimaciis mizniT.
am xistma realobam gaaRviva eWvi, molodinaSvilis adreuli sai-
dumlo kavSirebis Sesaxeb SevardnaZesTan, rasac igi malavda(?!).
110
prezidentisadmi mipyrobili iudas mzera...
2003 wlis 23 noembris `vardebis revoluciis~, anu SevardnaZis

politikuri karieris dasrulebis Semdgom, 28 noembers sastumro
`Tbilisi – meriotSi~ Sekrebil SevardnaZis momxreebs Soris (ma-
ma-Svili Carkvianebi, ada marSania, irina sariSvili, irakli ba-
TiaSvili da àRorZinebis~ wevrebi) nugzar molodinaSvilic iyo,
romlebic SevardnaZis politikuri reanimaciis mizniT moqmedebis
Semdgomi gegmis dasaxvas Seecadnen. am Sekrebaze gaaJRera irina
sariSvilma, rom igi axal politikur moZraobas qmnis. sariSvili
axali gadayenebuli iyo èrovnul-demokratiuli~ partiis lide-
robidan.
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II
interesmoklebuli ar unda iyos imis garkveva, Tu ra pozicia

ekava sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs ilia II kanonie-
ri erovnuli xelisuflebis SeiaraRebuli gadatrialebis period-
Si. cnobilia, rom prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam piradad sTxova
Careva kaTolikos-patriarqs ilia II, magram patriarqma avadmyo-
foba moimizeza da ar eaxla prezidents. maSin, prezidentma Tavad
111
aaxla Tavisi `despanebi~ patriarqs, magram man, avadmyofobis ga-
meorebiTi momizezebiT, uari Tqva maTTan Sexvedrazec. es ar iyo
uari eklesiis politikaSi Carevis gamo, aramed, – uari prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi politikuri kur-
sis mxardaWeraze. samagierod, patriarqi sagangebo misiiT midis
`kgb~-s cixeSi jaba ioselianTan da viTarca petre mociquli STaa-
gonebs mas: `Tqven sWirdebiT saqarTvelos!~ cixidan gamoSvebuls
ki guliTad Sexvedras uwyobs sapatriarqoSi da Semdegac xSirad
umarTavs nadims. pativiscemisa da keTilganwyobis niSnad patiJebs
jabas yvela saeklesio dResaswaulebze, uwonebs mas SevardnaZis
Camoyvanas da a.S.
yofili opozicioneri mwerali nodar koberiZe werilSi `samo-
qalaqo omi – apokalifsi saqarTvelosTvis~ wers: `...pirveli gas-
rolis Semdeg iyo Tu ara memilionedi Sansi sisxlisRvris SeCe-
rebisa?... SeiZleboda da es eklesiis winamZRvars unda etvirTa...
pirveli bzari xalxsa da patriarqs Soris 9 aprilis Rames gaCnda,
roca patriarqma bolomde ar uTxra xalxs, rac man icoda, xolo
darbevis dros, imis magivrad, Tavis samwysosTan erTad Sexvedro-
da gansacdels – gauCinarda. arada, Tu mwyemsi xar Seni xalxisa
– ar unda miatovo igi... saqarTvelos patriarqi 22 dekembers mo-
makvdavic rom yofiliyo, jvriT SemarTuli, rusTavelis pros-
peqtis SuagulSi unda damdgariyo. neitraliteti unda daecva...
aemoqmedebina is wigni, romelSic moxvedril qarTvelis mkvlels
samaradiso wyevla ar ascdeboda ...~
mwerali koberiZe, uTuod gulisxmobs patriarq ilia II-is 1990
wlis 28 oqtombris am ganCinebas: `sagangebo brZaneba, saxeli-
Ta mamisaTa da ZisaTa da sulisa wmidisaTa vbrZaneb: dReidan
yoveli qarTveli adamianis mkvleli, miuxedavad msxverplis
(moklulis) danaSaulisa an udanaSaulobisa, gamocxaddes qar-
Tveli eris mtrad. mkvlelis saxeli da gvari Setanil iqnas
sapatriarqos specialur wignSi da gadaeces Taobidan Taobas,
rogorc samarcxvino da dasagmobi. sagangebo brZaneba ese miRe-
bulia, raTa saqarTveloSi iqnas Tavidan acilebuli umZimesi
codva da danaSauli RvTisa da eris winaSe – ZmaTa kvla.~
patriarqis am ganCinebam erSi gaaRviva imedi, aw ukve mSvido-
bianobis sufevisa, magram es ganCineba aRmoCnda, ufro, erovnuli
xelisuflebisadmi mimarTuli, raTa mas ar gamoeyenebina Zala mo-
112
salodnel gadatrialebaSi, ar daecva monapovari. amadac, am brZa-
neba-ganCinebam, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Tavisi misia Seasrula. xolo,
1992 wels, rodesac xuntam SeiaraRebiTa da sisxlisRvriT daamxo
erovnuli xelisufleba, patriarqma gaauqma igi.
patriarqis gulgrili da saeWvo damokidebulebis gamo, ekle-
siebs mravali wliT ganerida mrevli da eklesiebi komunisturi
xanis mdgomareobSi aRmoCnda.
mama vaxtang margians movusminoT: `haubicebi Semoyvanili hyav-
daT qaSueTis eklesiaSi da intensiuri srolebi ukve mimdinareob-
da. sionis sakurTxevelSi ukve mesmoda xma... me var cocxali mowme...
im dRes ilia II ar movida wirvaze... wirva damTavrebuli iyo, roca
movidnen gamsaxurdias mTavrobis warmomadgenlebi... diakonma le-
van rcxilaZem uSveri sityvebiT da fizikuri SeuracxyofiT gaya-
ra es adamianebi... 6 ianvars gamsaxurdia ukve wavida... SabaTs, 6
ianvars wavedi, raTa mimeRo monawileoba saSobao wirva-locvaSi.
movida ilia II Zalian karg xasiaTze samRvdeloebasTan erTad,
magram sions aSkarad daetyo xalxis nakleboba... 7 ianvars ilia
II dampatiJa banketze... banketi Catarda, magram maTTvis sul ar
iyo mniSvnelovani Sobis dResaswauli... Tamadebi iyvnen... diakoni
levan rcxilaZe da amJamad cxum-afxazeTis mitropoliti daniel
daTuaSvili... ilia II yvela ulocavda gamarjvebas, vinaidan ilia
meoris locviT iyo, rom ganidevna gamsaxurdia saqarTvelodan~ .
1992 wlis xuntis parlamentis pirvelive sxdomaze wiTeli in-
teligenciis warmomadgenelma niko WavWavaZem sityviT gamosvla
sTxova kaTolikos patriarqs ilia meores, romelic tribunidan,
gabadruli saxiT, ase miesalma xuntis parlamentarebs: `pativce-
mulo deputatebo, me minda, kidev amas davumato `pativcemulo
demokratebo~... me minda mogilocoT ai es bednieri dRe da gi-
survoT didi warmatebebi; Tqven itvirTeT eris jvari da eris
tkivili...~
patriarqi ilia II Sestrfis da Sescicinebs SevardnaZes da jabas,
orives qveynisTvis saWiro pirebad moixseniebs da SevardnaZes ar aZlevs
uflebas, gadadges. xolo saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobisaT-
vis mebrZol prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ki pirquSad umzers, ar
ikarebs da arc Tavad ekareba.
113
saxelmwifo gadatrialebis Semdgom iatakqveSa gazeTma `qarTul-
ma azrma~ dabeWda furclebi saTauriT: `vin ebrZvis saqarTvelos
damoukideblobas!!!~ romelSic gamoqveynebuli iyo КГБ-s karToteke-
bi, saidanac cnobili gaxda, rom saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi
ilia II, eriskacobaSi irakli SiolaSvili, 1962 wlis 10 ianvridan
yofila КГВ-s agenti fsevdonimiT ìverieli~. amave aralegaluri
furclebidan vgebulobT erT-erTi agresiuli opozicioneris, yo-
fili disidentis, profesor guram mamulias Sesaxebac, romelic
Tavgamodebuli ibrZoda e.w. Turqi-mesxebis (romelTa procentuli
umravlesoba eTniurad da religiurad Turqebi arian) saqarTveloSi
repatriaciisaTvis, igic, 1962 wlidan КГБ-s agenti yofila, romlis-
Tvisac fsevdonimad, ratomRac `salaZe~ miuniWebiaT.
114
iqvea, agreTve, zviadis dauZinebeli da piraqafebuli mowinaaR-
mdegis ramaz klimiaSvilis karTotekac fsevdonimiT-~saSa~. xolo,
erovnuli xelisuflebis erT-erTi SeTqmuli wevris, profesor
levan aleqsiZis fsevdonimi ki àndreevi~ yofila da igic, 1962
wels gadaubirebiaT.
115
kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II, arc manamde, adreul wlebSi iyo
keTilganwyobili klasikosi mwerlis konstantine gamsaxurdias
disidenti Zisadmi, razec naTlad metyvelebs 1983 wels mTavro-
baSi gagzavnili misi depeSis teqsti (ix. momdevno gverdze):
116
117
patriarqis 1992 da 1993 wlebis saSobao epistoleebSi, aSkarad
gamosWvivis prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi misi uaryofiTi
damokidebuleba da bralis simZimis mxolod masze dakisreba (ix.
gv. 268-272).
afxazeTis avantiuristuli omi

da SevardnaZis mier afxazeTis Cabareba
afxazeTis problemis politikurad daregulirebis mizniT,

prezident zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebam, imTaviTve SeimuSava
kompromisuli saarCevno kanoni afxazeTSi. Tumca miRebul kanons
maSinve àparteiduli kanoni~ uwodes prezidentis radikalurma
opoziciam da aseTad moixsenia igi 2013 welsac devnilTa kavSi-
ris Tavmjdomarem (afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis mTavro-
bis yofili Tavmjdomare) londer caavam. igi ufro Sors wavida
da afxazeTis omi, sulac am kanonis miRebas gadaabrala. komunisti
funqcioneris londer caavas am usamarTlo braldebas detaluri
pasuxi gasca disidentma, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sabWosa da afxaze-
Tis avtonomiuri respublikis dRemde moqmedma deputatma nugzar
mgalobliSvilma; saqme imaSi gaxldaT, rom kanonis miRebis perio-
disaTvis, afxazeTSi separatizmi, ideologiurad da organizaciu-
lad ukve Camoyalibebuli iyo blok `soiuzis~ saxiT, rac 1988 wels
`lixnis werilis~ Seqmnasa da 1989 wlis 15 ivliss sisxliani kon-
fliqtis provocirebaSi gamoixata.
unda iTqvas, rom e.w. lixnis werils, afxazeTis inteligen-
ciis yvela warmomadgeneli ar uWerda mxars. gazeT `literatu-
rul saqarTveloSi~ daibeWda afxazi mwerlis, fazil iskanderis
gancxadeba `lixnis werilTan~ dakavSirebiT:
118
konfliqtis eskalacia ki maSin, merab kostavas ZalisxmeviT
iqna acilebuli. konfederantTa yrilobebi da maTi TareSi, rus
reaqcionerebTan erTad, ukiduresad Zabavda viTarebas. afxaze-
Tis umaRlesma sabWom miiRo àfxazeTis saxelmwifo universite-
tis deklaracia~ da dadgenileba àfxazeTis saxelmwifoebriobis
samarTlebrivi dacvis garantiebis Sesaxeb~. erT muStad Sekruli
àidgilara~, `slovianski dom~, `krunki~, àfxazeTis demokratiuli
partia~ da `ldpr~ (Jirinovskis partia) erTian saarCevno blokad
– `soiuzad~ Camoyalibda da moicva afxazeTis mosaxleobis naxe-
varze meti. qarTvelebi ki umciresobaSi aRmoCndnen (45% – 75%).
afxazebis upirates procentul maCvenebels, faqtiurad amyarebda
saqarTvelos politikuri partiebis afxazeTis filialebSi gawe-
vrianebul opozicioner qarTvelTa (komunistebi da sxv.) adgilo-
brivi raodenobac. es ki noyier niadags qmnida eTnokonfliqtis
119
gasaRviveblad da rac mogvianebiT efeqturad iqna kidec gamoye-
nebuli sabWoTa xelisuflebis mier.
aseTi agresiuli urTierTdapirispirebis fonze, prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis brZnulma da pragma-
tulma politikam gaxada SesaZlebeli, Suamavlis gareSe, emuSavaT
afxazur mxaresTan saarCevno kanonze(levan aleqsiZe) da afxaze-
Tis mkvidr nugzar mgalobliSvilis ndobiT. mniSvnelovania, rom
afxazeTis amomrCevelTa sruli raodenoba im droisaTvis gaxldaT
315054, romelTagan qarTveli mxolod 143921 iyo da am raodenobis
qarTvelTa 2/3 galisa da gulirifSis raionebSi iyvnen gansaxle-
bulni. anu, okupanti sabWoTa ruseTis strategiuli mravalwliani
politikiT, demografiuli suraTi im periodisaTvis, afxazeTSi,
ukve mniSvnelovnad iyo Secvlili; qarTvelebi umravlesobas (43%)
mxolod afxazebTan warmoadgendnen (18%) da umciresobas – mTel
rusulenovan mosaxleobasTan (rusebi, somxebi, berZnebi...), romle-
bmac sabWoTa ruseTis mier daniSnul referendumSi xma misces ss-
rk-s SenarCunebas.
afxazeTSi araxelsayreli demografiuli mdgomareobis gamo
saqarTvelos uzenaesi sabWos ori deputatis arCeva ver moxerxda
da afxazeTis ori sadeputato mandatis gauqmebis iZulebiTi ga-
dawyvetileba iqna miRebuli.
amgvar kritikul da umZimes politikur viTarebaSi, mainc
miRweul iqna kompromisuli gadawyvetilebis miReba or umniSvne-
lovanes konstituciur cvlilebasTan erTad!
1. saqarTvelos konstituciis 98-e muxls daemata: `kanonebi da
sxva aqtebi afxazeTis assr samarTlebrivi statusis sakiTxebze
miiReba umaRlesi sabWos raodenobis 2/3 xmebiT~.
2. àfxazeTis assr sayovelTao saxalxo kenWisyris (referen-
dumis) Sesaxeb~ kanonis m-5 muxlis me-3 nawilad daemata: gadawyve-
tileba referendumis Catarebis Sesaxeb im sakiTxebze, romlebic
dakavSirebulia afxazeTis konstituciis cvlilebasTan, SeiZleba
miRebul iqnas mxolod afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos saerTo raode-
nobis 2/3 xmebiT~.
es `kompromisuli~ kanoni, Tavisi qvoturi warmomadgenlobiT
28- 26-11 (28 mandati afxazebs, 26 – qarTvelebs da 11 – sxvadasxva
erovnebis warmomadgenlebs), rac mTavaria, ar qmnida referen-
dumis Catarebis SesaZleblobas afxazeTis saqarTvelodan ga-
120
moyofis Taobaze (11-ive sxvadasxva erovnebis warmomadgenlebi,
romc mimxrobodnen afxazebs, an Tundac qarTvelebs, xmaTa saWiro
raodenobis 2/3-s mainc vercerTi mxare ver agrovebda). amdenad,
es ybadaRebuli `kompromisi~, ar warmoadgenda saxelmwifos teri-
toriuli mTlianobisTvis safrTxis Semqmnel faqtors. afxazeTis
mTeli aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba mosamarTle-prokurorianad
qarTvelebis xelSi rCeboda. diplomatiuri kompromisi, saxelmwi-
fos teritoriuli mTlianobis garantTan erTad, dRemde xels uwy-
obs afxazebTan kavSirurTierTobisa da ndobis faqtoris aRdgenas.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, rogorc SorsmWvretelma politikosma, mis
mier miRebuli `kompromisuli~ (realurad ki, diplomatiuri) kano-
niT samermiso iuridiuli da samarTlebrivi piroba Seqmna, kerZod:
swored, konstituciaSi Setanili cvlilebebisa da am kano-
nis ZaliT Seiqmna sruli garantia afxazeTis SenarCunebis! es
kanoni, momavalSic aCens perspeqtivas afxazeTis sakiTxis po-
litikurad gadawyvetis.
ruseTis strategiuli gegmiT saqarTveloSi gaxorcielebul
saxelmwifo gadatrialebas, rogorc gaTvaliswinebuli iyo, mohy-
va saqarTvelos teritoriuli daqucmaceba. `nuTu, ver xedavT,
rogor hyidis xunta yovel nabijze saqarTvelos interesebs?...
nuTu ar gebadebaT kiTxva, ratom ver gabedes Cems dros sagangebo
mdgomareobis gamocxadeba Sida qarTlis mTel teritoriaze? vin
da ratom gaaTavisufla cixidan qarTveli xalxis mosisxle mteri
kulumbegovi? visi gamgeblobis dros Seiqmna e.w. samxreT oseTis
respublika? romelsac molaparakebas exveweba SevardnaZe~ da a.S.
werda qarTveli gvardielebisadmi mimarTvaSi devnilobaSi myofi
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia.
prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam groznodan arZinbasadmi gag-
zavnil depeSaSi kategoriulad moiTxova uzenaesi sabWos sesiis
xelaxali mowveva, 1925 wlis konstituciis gauqmeba da 1978 w.
konstituciis aRdgena. mimarTvaSi `qarTveli erisadmi, afxazeTSi
dislocirebuli yvela qarTveli meomrisadmi~ prezidenti werda:
`me movuwodeb afxazeTis teritoriaze dislocirebul yvela qar-
Tvel mebrZolsa da meTaurs, sruliad saqarTvelos mosaxleobas:
ar daemorCiloT e. SevardnaZisa da misi komunisturi xuntis br-
Zanebebs (igulisxmeba regularuli brZanebebi ukan daxevis Sesaxeb
– l.c.), ar daTmoT afxazeTis, – ZirZveli qarTuli miwis – arc
121
erTi goji, ar CaabaroT mters ukve mopovebuli poziciebi, aRad-
gineT saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianoba, gaxsovdeT, rom sa-
qarTvelos respublikis sazRvari mdinare fsouze gadis!~
magram, elcin-SevardnaZis mzakvrul gegmaSi qarTvelebis mier
afxazeTis omis mogeba ar Sedioda, avantiuristulad wamowyebuli
omi, swored afxazeTis mowyvetiT unda dasrulebuliyo. 1993 wlis
agvistos bolos, SevardnaZem, soxumSi motyuebiT daabruna devni-
li qarTuli mosaxleoba, studentebi – imediani pirobiT: `soxumi
isea gamagrebuli, buzic ver Sefrindeba~o da swavla daiwyo 1 se-
qtembers. maSin, roca danarCen saqarTveloSi saswavlo procesis
dawyebis TariRad 14 seqtemberi iyo dadgenili.
1993 wlis 27 ivliss, soWSi, e.
SevardnaZis TanxmobiT, vaxtang
goguaZem da sokrat jinjoliam
xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas, rome-
lic iTvaliswinebda cecxlis
Sewyvetas da saqarTvelos Seia-
raRebuli Zalebis gayvanas
afxazeTis teritoriidan. am
xelSekrulebiT saxelmwifo
sabWos maSindelma meTaurma
eduard SevardnaZem aiRo valde-
buleba afxazeTidan artileriis,
mZime teqnikisa da cocxali Za-
lis gamosayvanad, moxda qarTve-
li mosaxleobis ganiaraReba da
qarTvelebis mier danaRmuli te-
ritoriebis gannaRmvac. 27 ivli-
sis am e.w. `samSvidobo
xelSekrulebis~ Semdeg afxazeTSi, TiTqos marTlac damyarda
mSvidoba, magram es droebiTi, iluziuri, myife mSvidoba gaxldaT.
27 ivlisis xelSekrulebis garanti ar iyo ruseTi, aramed – mxolod
xelmomweri mxareebi (goguaZe-jinjolia), xolo ruseTi ki kvlavac
Cveul ampluaSi rCeboda – Suamavals warmoadgenda. anu, afxazeTSi,
ruseTma, am `sammxriv xelSekrulebaze~ SevardnaZis daTanxmebiT,
saqarTveloSi cxinvalis varianti gaimeora.
122
1993 wlis 3 seqtembers, moskovSi, elcin-SevardnaZes Soris
saidumlod dadebuli xelSekrulebis safuZvelze moxda gagris
zonidan qarTvelTa samxedro teqnikisa da meomrebis gamoyvana,
rasac mohyva gagra-leseliZis Cabareba da qarTvelTa genocidi.
1993 wlis 3 seqtembers, moskovTan dadebuli xelSekrulebiT sa-
qarTvelom dakarga gagra.
SevardnaZesTan, afxazeTis omSi, gia yaryaraSvilis saidumlo
kavSirebze sakmaod vrclad wers jaba ioseliani Tavis wignSi
`sami ganzomileba~. yaryaraSvili, faqtiurad, indiferentulia
afxazeTis omSi, saeWvod pasiurobs da mxolod SevardnaZesTan
kontaqtobs. eSeris laboratoriaze Setevac CaifuSa. SevardnaZe
ambobs, rom elcinma daureka da laboratoriasTan miaxloeba da
winsvla aukrZala. yaryaraSvili gagraSic maSin Cadis, rodesac
gagra ukve dakargulia. Zvel gagraSi gza unda aefeTqebinaT da
Sesasvlelebi CaexergaT, magram es gegmac CaifuSa, ar Sesrulda.
yaryaraSvili, afxazeTis omisgan TiTqmis moRalaturad gandgo-
milia. mas raciiT eZeben, misgan daxmarebis momlodineni, magram
imaleba. gagris Cabarebis Semdgom, yaryaraSvili, erTTvian Sve-
bulebas iRebs da wyaltubos komfortul samxedro sanatoriumSi
isvenebs. kitovani da yaryaraSvili SevardnaZis davalebiT moqme-
deben da mTeli omis ganmavlobaSi pasiuroben. oCamCiris frontze,
yaryaraSvilis momlodine mebrZolebi daRalatebulni aRmoCndnen;
yaryaraSvilma, Tavisi mebrZolebi, oCamCiris nacvlad, sawinaR-
mdego mxares – armianskaiasken atara. ieriSi ver gaxorcielda.
afxazeTis omSi mowameobrivad iRupeba gia yaryaraSvilis Zma.
am fotoze, gia yaryaraSvili afxazeTis omSi ar gegonoT. ase

SemarTulad da mizanswrafulad igi TbilisSi, mTavrobis saxlis
Setevaze miemarTeba, raTa Tavisi razmelebiT daamxos zviad gam-
123
saxurdias erovnuli mTavroba. Tbilisis trasebze da qalaqSic
ki, Tu sadme motacebuli manqanaa, yvela gia yaryaraSvilis mamis
avtofarexSi iyris Tavs.
zugdidSi, xuntis jarebis pirvelad Sesvlis dRes, maT winaaR-
mdeg Sekrebil mosaxleobas, yaryaraSvili arwmunebda: `xalxo,
amboben, rom Cven eduard SevardnaZis Camoyvanas vapirebT. ar
daijeroT, rom es simarTlea. Tu saqarTveloSi SevardnaZes Ca-
moiyvanen, mas pirveli me vesvri tyvias~. am sityvebis avtori,
eduard SevardnaZem, CamosvlisTanave Tavdacvis ministrad daniS-
na. SevardnaZis rCeuli e.w. Tavdacvis ministri ki afxazeTisa da
samegrelos omSi, SevardnaZis mokavSire iyo (ix. foto).
afxazeTis omSi yaryaraSvili, Tavisi 200-kaciani SeiaraRebuli
razmiT Cabmis pirobas debs, magram piroba-pirobad rCeba, yarya-
raSvili, droulad, arsad Cndeba.
16 seqtembers afsua separatistebma omi ganaaxles, rasac mohy-
va dabrunebuli qarTvelebis (bavSvebis) xocva-Jleta. SevardnaZem
dabrunebul mosaxleobas ar mouwoda kvlav daetovebinaT soxumi.
ganaxlebuli omi ki 27 seqtembers soxumis CabarebiT dasrulda.
124
soxumis dacemis Semdeg ki devnilebs Wuberis golgoTur
uReltexilisaken miuTiTa, romlis gza, erTi TviT adre, Sevardna-
Zis veraguli gegmiT sagangebod iqna gaWrili misive samsaxurebis
mier. Wuberis Tovlian gzaze ulmoblad ewama da daiRupa mravali
devnili.
125
soWis sammxriv xelSekrulebaze, anu afxazeTis uomrad Cabarebaze
SeTanxmeba vladislav arZinbas, boris elcinsa da e. SevardnaZes
Soris.
1994 wlis 3 Tebervals saqarTveloSi Camovida ruseTis pre-

zidenti boris elcini, romelmac SevardnaZesTan xeli moawera
samSvidobo dokuments. 6 Tebervals ki afxazebma daarbies galSi
dabrunebuli qarTvelebi, daxvrites mravali da gamodevnes 4 000
qarTveli. esec morigi `samSvidobo xelSekrulebis~ Sedegi!
1998 wlis maisSi, SevardnaZem kvlav motyuebiT daabruna qarTu-
li mosaxleoba galSi. afxazebma 20 maiss daiwyes SeiaraRebuli Ta-
vdasxmebi dabrunebul qarTvelebze. miuxedavad amisa, SevardnaZis
Tavdacvis ministrma daviT TevzaZem, 26 maiss galSi, upasuxismge-
blod daqadnebuli `marula~ mainc moawyo. 27 maiss afxazebma
daxoces da gadawves qarTvelTa saxlebi. gadarCenili qarTvelebi
ki srulad gamodevnes.
afxazeTis omi SevardnaZis, kitovanisa da yaryaraSvilis avan-
tiura iyo. kitovani da yaryaraSvili ikvexnidnen, rom isini `dale-
vdnen wyals mdinare fsouze~. SevardnaZis Tavdacvis ministri gia
126
yaryaraSvili 1992 wlis agvistoSi, omis dawyebamde, satelevizio
gamosvlebiT imuqreboda afxazebis misamarTiT: `me SevardnaZem
damavala, rom nebismier fasad aRvadgino wesrigi da amisaTvis
Tu daixoceba 100000 qarTveli, samagierod Tqvenis mxridan ganad-
gurebuli iqneba yvela – 97000 afxazi~ .
afxazeTis omSi, ZiriTadad adgili hqonda Tbilisidan Casuli
e.w. meomrebis mxridan morodiorobas, razedac aRSfoTebas ga-
moTqvamda samegrelos batalioni. jansuR Carkvianma parlamentis
sesiis erT-erTi sxdomaze ase agdebiT upasuxa samegrelos bata-
lions: `vin hkiTxavs megrelebs, Cven soxumSi saomrad mivdivarT,
Tu saqurdalad~!
Tengiz sigua afxazeTis omis wagebaSi SevardnaZes adanaSauleb-
da: `Cveni generaliteti da samxedroebi pirdapir Txovdnen Se-
vardnaZes, mogveciT ufleba, pirdapir wavalT win da erT dRe-
Si gavalT fsouzeo. SevardnaZem amis ufleba ar misca~, aramed,
`SevardnaZem... ufleba misca ruseTis Tavdacvis ministr general
graCovs, rom ganjidan, azerbaijanidan Semoeyvana is avadsaxsene-
beli 345-e polki... gudauTaSi... es is polkia, romelic SemdgomSi,
mTeli afxazeTis omis dros yvelaze did winaaRmdegobas gviwev-
da. swored es polkia TbilisSi namyofi 1989 wlis aprilSi... meore
danaSauli, vin misca SevardnaZes ufleba, rom saxelmwifo sabWos
gadawyvetileba erTpirovnulad Seecvala da ubrZana yaryaraSvils
jarebi SeeCerebina soxumSi?~ mkvaxed kiTxulobda sigua.
aseve ubrZana SevardnaZem, gvardiis sardlis moadgile gia ya-
ryaraSvils (SemdgomSi SevardnaZis Tavdacvis ministri), samaCa-
bloSi mopovebuli poziciebidan ukan daxeva da sabolood, teri-
toriis datoveba.
yaryaraSvils SevardnaZisadmi monuri erTguleba ar daufas-
da; SevardnaZem, mogvianebiT misi fizikurad mocilebac ganizraxa
da yaryaraSvils orjer mouwyves teraqti. yaryaraSvili orjerve
gadarCa, magram meore teraqtis Sedegad igi invalidis etls sa-
mudamod miejaWva.
cxinvalis regionisa da afxazeTis avantiuristul omebSi Se-
vardnaZis danaSaulobaTa nusxa grZelze-grZelia da mis gamoZie-
bas, jer samsaxureobrivad, xolo Semdgom fizikuradac Seewira
saqarTvelos generaluri prokuroris moadgile aleqsandre Su-
SanaSvili. xolo, gagris tragediis sayovelTao RalatiT axsnas,
127
gagris samxedro SenaerTis xelmZRvanelis, polkovnik mixeil ma-
rinaSvilis gaurkvevel viTarebaSi gardacvaleba mohyva.
elcin-SevardnaZis saidumlo garigeba afxazeTis Cabarebis
Sesaxeb, omis bolo fazaSi saCino gaxda. gazeT àxali versiis~
cnobiT `sikvdilamde cota xniT adre, gagra-leseliZis dacemis
Semdeg, afxazeTis ministrTa sabWos Tavmjdomare Jiuli Sarta-
vam... erT-erT maRalCinosanTan saubrisas aRniSna: `SevardnaZe,
mgoni afxazeTis Cabarebas apirebso~.
Jiuli Sartavas, soxumis dace-
mis dResac ki (27 seqtemberi) ar
dautovebia ministrTa sabWos Se-
noba, romelsac gamarjvebulma
afxazma separatistebma alya Se-
moartyes, Sartava ezoSi Camoiyva-
nes da daxvrites. daxvrites Sar-
tavas SeiaraRebuli mcvelebic.
afxazeTis omSi, prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias brZanebiT, mTeli Tavisi ZalebiT CarTuli iyo
kanonieri xelisuflebis erovnuli gvardia, magram e. SevardnaZis
mtruli gegmiT am omSi unda momxdariyo maTi ganadgureba. vaxtang
(loTi) qobalias TqmiT `Cveni ganadgurebis gegmis Sesaxeb, Jiulim,
jer kidev afxazeTSi ministrTa sabWos Tavmjdomared daniSvnamde
macnoba. gvarebsac asaxelebda. uSiSroebaSi iyo viRac polkovniki
nozaZe, romlis xelmZRvanelobiT Cveni ganadgureba igegmeboda~.
Sartava uSualo mowme da TviTmxilveli gaxldaT afxazeTis
omis SeTqmulebis. yovelives gamo igi, SevardnaZisTvis, miuRebel
figurad iqca.
1993 wlis 24 seqtembers afxazeTis gadasarCenad dabrunebulma
prezidentma gamsaxurdiam gamoacxada sruli da sayovelTao mobi-
lizacia, rac ar gamoucxadebia SevardnaZes. aramed, omis erTwlian
periodSi, danarCen saqarTvelosa da TbilisSi, samoqalaqo cxovre-
ba Cveul ritmSi mimdinareobda. afxazeTidan devnili istorikosis
jemal gamaxarias cnobiT, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam 1993 w.
26 seqtembers xeli moawera brZanebas erTiani sardlobis Seqmni-
sa da mZlavri SeteviTi operaciebis gaxorcielebis Sesaxeb, ro-
melic moiwones ukanono xelisuflebis daqvemdebarebaSi myofma
samxedroebmac. 1993 w. 27 seqtembers e. SevardnaZe abarebs soxums
128
da erTdroulad akeTebs moRalatur gancxadebas: saqarTvelo da-
marcxda uTanasworo ZalebTan omSi... faqtobrivad saqarTvelom
daiCoqa. rodesac SevardnaZe am samarcxvino gancxadebas akeTebda,
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias momxre Zalebi, jer kidev soxumis
SemogarenSi imyofebodnen. qarTvelebs ekavaT gulirifSi, oCam-
Cire, gali.
istorikos Teimuraz mibCuanis SefasebiT, afxazeTis omis si-
sastike aRemateboda faSistur danaSauls. afxazebma daiwyes qarT-
velTa xocva-Jleta, wameba, namusis axda, eTnowmenda da genocidi.
Tavdapirvelad maTi sadizmisa da faSisturi agresiis msxverplad
iqcnen gagrisa da gudauTis qarTvelebi. sofel eSeraSi afxazeb-
ma wisqvilkombinatis muSas, sakuTari xeliT misi simaRlis ormo
gaaTxrevines, kbilebi da frCxilebi daaZvres, cocxlad Camarxes,
cali xeli ki miwis zemoT aRmarTuli dautoves, afxazuri droSis
simbolos darad. meore qarTvels venebi gadauWres, misi sisxli
WiqebiT miirTves, Semdeg ki soxumSi gauSves, raTa yvelasTvis
eTqva, Tu rogor svamen afxazebi qarTvelebis sisxls... eSeris
samxedro StabSi tyve qarTvelebs cxvir-pirs an xel-fexs aWrid-
nen da ise uSvebdnen. erTi mcirewlovani gogona mxecurad gaaupa-
tiures, Wkuidan SeSlili deda ki cocxali datoves. aTasamde qar-
Tveli, afxazebma, gagris stadionze Serekes da amoxoces. Semdeg
Tavebi waaWres da miT fexburTs TamaSobdnen (1992 wlis 2 oqtom-
beri)...
rom ara prezident zviad gamsaxurdias Camosvla, didi alba-
TobiT, afxazeTis omi ufro didxans gagrZeldeboda da met qarT-
vels Seiwiravda, rogorc mebrZolebis aseve mosaxleobis mxridan.
ruseTis `kgb~-sa da `gru~-s wlebis ganmavlobaSi zedmiwevniT zus-
tad hqonda Seswavlili disident zviad gamsaxurdias fsiqo-tipi,
afxazeTis omis gaCaRebisas maT eqnebodaT adeqvaturi molodini,
rom Tavisi qveynis gulmxurvale prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia
Soridan mayurebeli ver iqneboda Tavisi qveynis teritoriuli rR-
vevisa da igi aucileblad dabrundeboda saqarTveloSi, rac moxda
kidec! zviad gamsaxurdias Camosvlam Seamokla omis xangrZlivoba
da Sesabamisad, Seamcira msxverplic.
saqarTvelos legitimur prezidents zviad gamsaxurdias, ru-
sulma da afxazurma mxareebma, SesTavazes afxazeTis damoukide-
129
blobis cnobis sanacvlod, fizikuri xelSeuxebloba da usa-
frTxoeba, razec zviadma kategoriuli uariT upasuxa.
prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, sakuTari TviTSewirviT,
afxazeTis saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi yofnis istoriuli uwyve-
toba, samermisod, legitimurad uzrunvelyo. zviad gamsaxurdias,
kavkasiuri erTianoba, somxeTis aucilebeli CarTulobiT esaxebo-
da. 1991 wlis 27 ivniss, somexi erovnebis Jurnalist g. karapetian-
Tan interviuSi, zviadma ganacxada: `Tu kavkasia mTlianad ar ga-
moeyo imperias, mezobel respublikebs Soris aranairi pozitiuri
procesi ar daiwyeba~. es gaxldaT zviadis politikuri gzavnili
somexi mTavrobisa da somexi erisadmi.
afxazeTSi omis avantiuristuli gaCaReba miznad isaxavda kavka-
siuri erTianobis ideis dasamarebasa da saqarTvelo-CeCneTs So-
ris dapirispirebis warmoqmnas. ruseTis mier CeCen konfederante-
bis Semogzavna qarTvelTa winaaRmdeg am gegmis Semadgeneli nawili
gaxldaT, rac braldeboda groznoSi iZulebiT devnilobaSi myof
saqarTvelos prezident zviad gamsaxurdias. es gaxldaT ruseTis
imperiis mier erTdroulad da unisonSi warmoebuli ideologiuri
da sainformacio omi erTiani kavkasiuri saxlis ideis mamamTavris
zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg. zviad gamsaxurdia ki irwmuneboda:
`me araviTari urTierToba ara maqvs am konfederaciasTan da maTi
damokidebuleba Cemdami gamoxatulia konfederaciis prezidentis
Sanibovis gancxadebaSi, romelmac aRniSna, rom konfederacia ar
endoba gamsaxurdiaso, igi ufro metad endobao siguas, kitovans
da sxvebs, rac gamoqveynda `nezavisimaia gazetaSi~ da ìberia spe-
qtrSi~. xolo CeCnebis afxazeTSi SemogzavnasTan dakavSirebiT 1993
wlis 7 ivnisis mimarTvaSi prezidenti gamsaxurdia acxadebda: `...
Cemi diskreditaciis mizniT, SevardnaZe da misi mafiozur-komunis-
turi xunta avrcelebda Worebs, TiTqos afxazeTSi me Semoviyvane
CeCeni meomrebi... omis dawyebisTanave CeCneTis prezidentma joxar
dudaevma ganacxada, rom CeCneTis armiis, arc erTi jariskaci ar
ibrZolebs afxazeTSi, magram imperiis agenturam e.w. konfedera-
ciam gagzavna afxazeTSi Tavisi moxaliseebi, romlebic dudaevs ar
emorCilebodnen (dRes, rodesac konfederaciis avtoriteti dae-
ca, dudaevma miaRwia maT gamoyvanas afxazeTidan), xuntam ki Se-
TiTxna yalbi mimarTvebi, viTomdac Cemi saxeliT daamontaJa yalbi
130
`satelefono saubrebi~... Cemi xmis mibaZviT, raTa qarTveli xalxi
daerwmunebinaT, TiTqos me vxelmZRvanelobdi CeCnebs~.
maSindelma sainformacio-sadazvervo samsaxuris xelmZRvanel-
ma, zviad gamsaxurdiasTan radikalurad dapirispirebulma opo-
zicionerma irakli baTiaSvilma, postidan gadadgomis Semdgom
aRiara, rom zviad gamsaxurdias xmis wabaZviT televiziebiT ga-
vrcelebuli zemoxsenebuli `mimarTva~ yalbi iyo da igi ruseTis
specsamsaxurebis mier vrceldebodao.
cnobisaTvis: 2004 wlis 19 agvistos, CeCneTis yofilma pre-
zidentma aslan masxadovma, satelevizio mimarTviT, sajaro bodi-
Si mouxada qarTvel ers, afxazeTis omSi CeCeni konfederantebis
monawileobis gamo.
dekember-ianvris saxelmwifo gadatrialebiT, ruseTma, iseve
rogorc 1921 wels, moaxdina saqarTvelos xelaxali aneqsia. opozi-
cias, romelTa Soris umravlesoba wignieri da ganaTlebuli iyo,
istoriis magaliTze ar SeiZleboda ar scodnoda da ar gaeTva-
liswinebina, rom SinaaSlilobiTa da destabilizaciiT kvlav gare-
Se mteri isargeblebda, rogorc Tundac me-17 saukuneSi, rodesac
analogiur viTarebaSi, osmalebma mogvwyvites samxreT saqarTve-
lo, xolo mis ganapira kuTxeebSi sakuTari religia gaabatones.
amgvarad, saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva
Sida qarTlisa da afxazeT-kodoris (SevardnaZe-saakaSvili) te-
ritoriebis CabarebiT, aris pirdapiri Sedegi dekember-ianvris
saxelmwifo gadatrialebis, rasac umal mohyva Cveni qveynis glo-
baluri katastrofa, socialur-ekonomikuri, demografiuli. mi-
zanmimarTuli antierovnul-antisaxelmwifoebrivi politikiT
daiwyo qveynis demografiuli maCveneblis katastrofuli vardna
rac saxelmwifo diversiad da genocidad unda Sefasdes. mTel
saqarTvelos metastazebiviT moedo sxadasxva religiuri seqtebi,
riTac Ria da pirdapiri brZola gamoucxades saxelmwifos marT-
lmadideblur religias.
saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobasTan dakavSirebul
SeTqmulebaze saqarTvelos Sinauri mtrebis mxridan naTlad mety-
velebs dokumentic, romelic SevardnaZis mieraa Seqmnili da xel-
mowerili 1996 wels (dokumentis pirveli gamoqveynebis wyaro – ga-
zeTi àxali era~).
131
am saidumlo werilis adresati gaxlavT SevardnaZis elCi ru-
seTSi vaJa lorTqifaniZe. 1998-2000 wlebSi vaJa lorTqifaniZe
gaxldaT SevardnaZis saxelmwifo ministri. manamde ki, komunisti
da saxelmwifo universitetis komkavSiris komitetis mdivani xolo
awgardacvlili berezovski 1996 wels gaxldaT ruseTis uSiSroe-
bis sabWos mdivnis moadgile da kurirebda afxazeTis sakiTxs.
am dokumentidan naTlad Cans SevardnaZis realuri politika
afxazeTsa da samaCablosTan mimarTebaSi, raSic SevardnaZis mier
dakisrebuli funqciebi hqondaT `SevardnaZis opozicionerad~
gardaqmnil ir.sariSvils, ir. baTiaSvils, Salva naTelaSvils...
naTelaSvili 1995-96 wlebSi baTumSi aslan abaSiZis frTas war-
moadgenda da rogorc am dokumentidan irkveva `Canergili~ iyo
`baTumis sakiTxis~ Semdgomi gaaqtiurebisaTvis. werilis bolo-
Si naxseneb sergei (baRabSi) da ludvigTan (Cibirovi) Sexvedrebi
(`saidumlo seroba~) moskovSi xdeboda `mxatvar~ zurab wereTlis
saxlSi, romlis srul informirebas, dokumentis mixedviT, saWi-
rod ar miiCnevs SevardnaZe (ix. momdevno gverdze).
132
133
ruseTis emisari da saqarTvelos mosisxle mteri e. SevardnaZe,
postidan gadayenebisa da xelisuflebidan Camocilebis Semdgomac,
ukve krwanisis rezidenciis savanidan gakeTebuli gancxadebebiT
cdilobda, qarTveli eri Seeguebina saqarTvelos teritoriebis
misive RalatiT mowyvetas; igi Tavisi propagandistuli medea-sa-
SualebebiT amgvar kapitulantur mowodebebs akeTebda: ` afxaze-
Ti verasdros gaxdeba saqarTvelos Cveulebrivi regioni da ver
dabrundeba saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi, ori respublikis xalxe-
bs ki Sansi aqvT, rom mSvidobianobas mainc miaRwion!~
saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobisadmi kapitulanturi
politikis Riad gamtarebelma SevardnaZem, 1997 wlis 14 agvistos
vladislav arZinba TbilisSi Camoiyvana.
separatisti lideris, arZinbas saqarTvelos dedaqalaqSi Ca-
moyvanas Cveni ukiduresi aRSfoTeba mohyva:
134
Cveni qadilis gasaxorcieleblad, iZulebuli gavxvdiT davlo-
debodiT seqtembers da 24 seqtembrisTvis davgegmeT saprotesto
mitingi saxelmwifo universitetTan SevardnaZis kapitulanturi po-
litikis winaaRmdeg. mitingze gamovitaneT lozungebi: `Zirs Sevard-
naZis antierovnuli mmarTveloba!~ `studentebo, moiTxoveT saqarT-
velos samarcxvino, kapitulanturi xelisuflebis gadadgoma!~
mitings ematebodnen studentebi, ris gamoc SevardnaZis re-
Jimis mier Cveni mitingi darbeul iqna, xolo partiis liderebi
dagvapatimres da 1-1,5 wliT patimroba mogvisajes. sapatimroSi ki
Cvens mimarT xorcieldeboda fizikuri Zaladobebi.
135
foto – gazeti
SevardnaZis xuntisturi sasamarTlos mimarT, sruli upativ-

cemulobis niSnad, Cven – politpatimari qalebi – Tamila niko-
laZe da me, zurgiT davdeqiT sasamarTlo kolegiisagan. protes-
tis niSnad Cven, arc sasamarTlo procesebze gavdiodiT nebiT
da badragebs Zalis gamoyenebiT gavyavdiT saknidan. SevardnaZem
erT niSandobliv cinikur xerxsac mimarTa – mosamarTled,
swored afxazeTidan devnili, anzor mebonia dagviniSna. ganaCe-
nis gamocxadebis procesze daswrebaze ki Cven kategoriuli uari
ganvacxadeT da mogvianebiT, mosamarTle meboniam cixeSi wagvikiT-
xa ganaCeni. ganaCenis mosmenisas, `zviad ganmaTavisubleblis par-
136
tiis~ politmdivanma Tamila nikolaZem, mosamarTles, niSnisgebiT
mimarTa: ài, axla ki namdvilad dabrundebiT afxazeTSi!~, razec
mosamarTle uxerxulad SeiSmuSna. Cveni mkveTri protestebiT
Sewuxebulma mosamarTle zaur meboniam, ganaCenis wakiTxvis Semd-
gom, xvneSiT aRmoTqva: `procesebi ki ara, mitingebi iyo~-vo.
SevardnaZis uzurpatorul xelisuflebas kanonieri erovnu-
li xelisuflebis mxardamWeri 500-mde politpatimari da samxe-
dro tyve hyavda gamomwyvdeuli cixeebSi. sasamarTloebis mimarT
protests, agreTve am patimarTa nawilic gamoxatavda sxvadasxva
formiT: administraciisadmi daumorCileblobiT, SimSilobis ga-
mocxadebiT, piris amokerviT, sawolis rkinis mWidebze jaWvebiT
mibmiT da sasamarTlo procesebze CoxebiT wardgomiT.
2000 wlis 12 ivliss, SevardnaZis saxelmwifo ministrma giorgi
arseniSvilma, soxumSi vizitisas, vladislav arZinbasTan xeli
moawera kapitulantur SeTanxmebas `Zalis gamouyeneblobis Se-
saxeb~.
SevardnaZisa da saakaSvilis xelisuflebebi, Sokismomgvrel
ulmobel politikas atarebdnen afxazeTidan da cxinvalis re-
gionidan iZulebiT devnilTa (e.w. ltolvilebis) mimarT; Sevard-
naZe-saakaSvili, maT mier Seqmnili `ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis~
saministros meSveobiT, sistematurad asaxlebdnen devnilebs erTi
adgilidan sxvadasxva adgilebSi, policiis ZalebiT. xolo, vinc
ar emorCileboda, maT fanjrebidan uyridnen avejs da xelkete-
biT sastikad scemdnen. maT tiranul reJims fizikurad Seewira
(gulis SeteviTa da insultiT) mravali devnili, bavSvebs fsiqika
SeeryaT. sakuTarma xelisuflebebmac ki namdvili daundobeli omi
gamoucxades afaxazeTsa da cxinvalis regionSi gadarCenil qarT-
velebs.
1996 wlis 20 aprils, SevardnaZis xelisuflebam, diversiuli
aqti ganaxorciela, vaJa-fSavelas gamzirze mdebare sastumro
àfxazeTSi~ Casaxlebul, cxinvalis regionidan devnilTa mimarT.
moulodnelad gaCenili xanZris Sedegad daiRupa 7 devnili, daSa-
vda da dasaxiCrda 50. 23 aprils, xelisuflebis diversantebma xan-
Zari, vagzlis moedanze mdebare sastumro `kolxeTSic~ gaaCines,
ris Sedegadac daiRupa 7 devnili, daSavda da dasaxiCrda 30. xeli-
suflebas sastumroebis gayidva surda da zogadad mZime tvirTad
awva devnilebi, viszedac mizerul daxmarebas gascemdnen.
137
SevardnaZisa da saakaSvilis xelisuflebas, aranairi pa-
suxismgebloba ar auRia iZulebiT devnilTa normalur socialur
uzrunvelyofaze da maT mxolod mizerul daxmarebas aZlevdnen.
xelisuflebidan miyenebuli sistemuri moraluri da fizikuri
stresebiT, SimSiliTa da avadmyofobiT devnilTa didi nawili
gardaicvala, odnav SeZlebulma nawilma ki saqarTvelodan was-
vliT uSvela Tavs.
afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWo ki sruliad uufleb-uunaro aRmoCn-
da devnilebis dacvisa da socialuri uzrunvelyofis sakiTxebSi;
TviT devnili afxazeTis umaRlesis sabWoc saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
fo biujetidan finansdeboda da Tavadac mZime tvirTad awvnen
centralur xelisuflebas. amgvar diskriminirebul politikur
realobaSi, SezRuduli iyo maTi qmediTuanrianobac da mxolod
moralur Tanadgomas Tu gamoxatavdnen devnilebis represiuli
politikis mimarT.
biZina ivaniSvilis xelisuflebis pirobebSi, marTalia Tavad
devnilebis mimarT damokidebuleba, SedarebiT liberaluri da
mzrunvelobiTi gaxda (maTTvis arsebuli sacxovrisebis dakanone-
ba da axali binebis gadacemis saCvenebeli precendentebis Seqmna),
magram afxazeTis teritorialur sakiTxze politikur midgomebSi,
maTi mxridanac Tavi iCina kapitulanturma poziciam; ivaniSvilis
xelisufleba iziarebs eqspert mamuka areSiZisa da „respublikele-
bis“ (berZeniSvilebi, v. xmalaZe, usufaSvil-xidaSeli...) mosazrebas
afxazeTis damoukideblobis aRiarebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos mxri-
dan; ivaniSvilis mTavroba, am mimarTulebiT aqtiurad alaparakda
rkinigzis afxazeTis monakveTis gaxsnaze, saerTaSoriso doku-
mentebidan status-qvo „okupaciis“ amoRebasa da „kanonis okupa-
ciis Sesaxeb“ gauqmebaze. hqonda mcdeloba, mixeil saakaSvilis
mier gaxsnili ruseTis okupaciis muzeumis gauqmebis...
ivaniSvilis mTavrobam uari ganacxada afxazeTisa da cxinva-
lis regionis sakiTxebze molaparakebebSi ucxoeli damkvirveble-
bis CarTvaze da es dialogi mxolod abaSiZe-karasinis formatSi
moaqcia. ivaniSvilis mTavroba, agreTve iolad daTanxma ruseTs
soWis olimpiadis usafrTxod Catarebasa da masSi monawileobazec.
ivaniSvilis mTavrobam ruseTTan daiwyo dialogi afxazeTTan da
cxinvalTan konfederaciul xelSekrulebazec afxazeTis mTavro-
bisa (vaxtang yolbaia) da afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos CarTulobiT.
138
Tumca, afxazeTis umaRles sabWoSi pro-patriotuli politikuri
orientaciis deputatebi (jemal gamaxaria, nugzar mgalobliSvili,
akaki gasviani...) ar eTanxmebian mTavrobis kurss da damoukideblad
moqmedeben qarTvelTa genocidis Sesaxeb wignebisa da sainfor-
macio bukletebis gamocemiTa da misi gavrcelebiT saerTaSori-
so diplomatiur wreebSi da TviT moskovSic ki, sadac akademiur
wreebTan, kulturis dargis warmomadgenlebTan da studentebTan
atareben leqcia-seminarebs ruseTis okupaciaze da qarTvelTa
genocidze afxazeTSi. afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos Semadgeneli
deputatebis asaki, dRes ukve kritikul zRvarsaa miRweuli. yve-
la am problemis gamo afxazeTidan devnili politikuri opozi-
ciisagan Seqmnili organizacia „dabruneba“, saprotesto mitinge-
biT moiTxovs afxazeTis pro-komunisturi mTavrobis gadadgomasa
da afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos axali arCevnebis Catarebas. es
moTxovna politikurad sruliad gamarTlebulia, rom ara misi le-
gitimaciis umTavresi sakiTxi; afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos arCevne-
bi unda Catardes afxazeTis teritoriaze da ara am teritoriis
gareSe – Tbilissa da danarCen saqarTveloSi.
am xisti politikuri Cixidan gamosavali, dResdReobiT ki,
ubralod ar ikveTeba!
arsebuli, afxazeTis 1990 wlis umaRlesi sabWo, legitimaciis
amowurvis vadebs(gadarCevas) aRar eqvemdebareba da mas ganleva,
mxolod bunebrivi sasicocxlo resursis amowurvis SemTxevaSi Tu
emuqreba...
momdevno gverdze ixileT afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos depu-
tatTa asakis Skala 2018 wlis monacemebiT.
139
140
aslani
1990 wlis 28 oqtombris arCevnebiT saqarTvelos respublikis

xelisuflebaSi mosul `mrgvali magida – Tavisufali~ saqarTve-
los dRis wesrigSi bunebrivad dadga avtonomiebSi (afxazeTSi, e.w.
samxreT oseTSi-Sua qarTli) sabWouri xelisuflebis cvlilebis
sakiTxi da maT Soris aWaraSic. erovnuli mTavrobis Semdgomi mi-
zani iyo, etapobrivad, konstituciis xaverdovani cvlilebis gziT
Seecvala avtonomiebis sabWour-imperialisturi status-qvoc,
risTvisac mas, avtonomiis Tavkacebad sWirdeboda pro-qarTulad
moazrovne politikosebi. avtonomiis liderebis wardgena ki unda
momxdariyo avtonomiebSi Catarebul arCevnebSi gamarjvebuli de-
putatebidan.
sanam avtonomiebis axali liderebis sakiTxs ganvixilavdeT,
mcire istoriul eqskurss gavakeTebT saqarTvelos teritoriaze
avtonomiebis warmoqmnis Sesaxeb; 1921 wlidan lenin-stalinma
daiwyo saqarTvelos teritoriebis gaCuqeba, xolo darCenili
nawilis, avtonomiebad Cexva; 1921 wlis 16 marts (ruseT-TurqeTis
yarsis xelSekrulebiT) lenin-stalinma TurqeTs gadasca yofili
baTumis olqis samxreTi nawili (maWaxela, borCxa, makriali), agre-
Tve arTvinisa da ardaganis olqebi. 1921 wels, stalinma da orjo-
nikiZem somxeTs gadasces lore-alaverdis mxare. 1922 wels azer-
baijans gadasces zaqaTalis olqi (istoriuli saingilo), garejis
veli da yaraiazis seqtori, eldaris veli. ruseTs gadaeca soWis
mxare da afxazeTis kuTvnili teritoriis nawili – pilenkovo.
1921 wlis 21 maisis dadgenilebiT leninma, stalinma da orjo-
nikiZem, afxazeTi savsebiT Camoaciles saqarTvelos da damoukide-
bel socialistur respublikad gamoacxades. Tumca, amave wlis 16
dekembris xelaxali gankargulebiT, afxazeTi, avtonomiuri res-
publikis uflebiT, kvlav Seiyvanes saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi.
aseve, aWarasac mieniWa avtonomiuri respublikis statusi reli-
giuri niSniT moskov-ankaras garigebiT.
zemo qarTlisa da istoriuli dvaleTis miwa-wyalze, 1921 wlis
6-8 seqtembers Seqmnes `samxreT oseTis socialisturi sabWoTa
respublika~ saqarTvelosTan federaciuli urTierTobiT. maSin,
roca iq TiTo-orola osuri ojaxiRa iyo darCenili; 1920 wlis
osebis ajanyebis CaxSobis Semdeg, romlebic moiTxovdnen am mxa-
141
ris saqarTvelodan Camocilebasa da ruseTTan SeerTebas, maTi
umravlesoba CrdiloeT oseTSi iyo gadaxvewili. 1924 wels Seiqm-
na `Crdilo oseTis~ avtonomiuri olqic. 1925 wlis ianvarSi, Crd.
oseTis sabWoebis pirvel yrilobaze daisva sakiTxi ori oseTis
gaerTianebis Sesaxeb, magram vinaidan es gaerTianeba saqarTvelos
farglebSi unda momxdariyo, ruseTi kargavda Crdilo oseTis te-
ritorias. moskovma, amgvar realobaSi mxari ar dauWira ori ose-
Tis gaerTianebas da mxolod `samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis~
SeqmniT dakmayofilda (mixeil mWedliSvili).
saqarTvelos isedac mcire miwa-wyalze avtonomiuri er-
Teulebis Seqmna iyo imperialisturi ruseTis samsaxurSi myo-
fi stalin-orjonikiZis `Sorsgamiznuli aqcia, saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobis mosalodneli aRdgenis sapirispirod da erovnuli
damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg mas xangrZlivmoqmedi naRmis daniS-
nuleba hqonda~ (akaki surgulaZe).
1991 wlis ianvarSi ki, aWaris uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris
posts, jer kidev inarCunebda komunisti lideri Tengiz xaxva.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, aWaris uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomareoba, Ta-
vdapirvelad yofil disidents, `mrgvali magidis~ regionaluri
organizaciis spikersa da erovnuli gvardiis Semqmnels aWaraSi,
nodar imnaZes SesTavaza, magram imnaZem, imxanad, ratomRac ar
moisurva pirvelkacoba. imnaZem da gamsaxurdiam ganixiles ros-
tom doliZis kandidatura, romelic baTumis saqalaqo sabWos Ta-
vmjdomare da avtonomiis uzenaesi sabWos deputatic iyo. TiTqos
win araferi edga prezidiumis sxdomaze r. doliZis kandidaturis
dayenebas, magram sxdomis dawyebamde, zviad gamsaxurdias Temur
qoriZem Seacvlevina gadawyvetileba da aslan abaSiZis kandidatu-
ra daayenebina. Temur qoriZes manamdedac hqonda saubari zviad-
Tan aslan abaSiZis Sesaxeb da igi memed abaSiZis SviliSvilobiT
daainteresa. qoriZem kidev ramdenjerme Seaxvedra aslani zviads.
aslan abaSiZis rekomendatorebi, zviadTan, murman omaniZe da akaki
asaTianic iyvnen. memed abaSiZe zviadisTvis did istoriul figu-
ras warmoadgenda da am genetikuri niSniT zviadma arCevani, sabo-
lood, aslanze gaakeTa. aslan abaSiZis uzenasi sabWos Tavmjdo-
mareobis momxre nodar imnaZec iyo, igi imxanad dadebiT ganwyobas
avlenda aslanis mimarT. aslansa da nodar imnaZes Soris urTier-
Toba mxolod Semdeg, 22-23 aprils daiZaba, magram amaze qvemoT.
142
aslan abaSiZesTan winaswar gasaubrebaSi, zviadma TiTqos mis-
gan miiRo Tanxmoba aWaris avtonomiis gauqmebaze, rac gadamwyveti
faqtori aRmoCnda zviadis arCevanSi. zviadi perspeqtiul WrilSi
ganixilavda aWaris avtonomiis gauqmebis sakiTxs da imedovnebda,
rom es biZgis mimcemi iqneboda afxazeTisa da `samxreT oseTis
avtonomiuri olqis~ xelmZRvanelebisaTvis an, sawyis etapze Sea-
sustebda mainc maT mmarTvelobas.
aWaris avtonomiis gauqmebis aqtiuri mxardamWer-iniciatori
gaxldaT baTumis prefeqti tariel futkaraZec, romelmac, aslan
abaSiZis gverdis avliT, TbilisSi Caitana 256 xelmowera avtono-
miis gauqmebis moTxovnis Sesaxeb. moTxovnas xels awerdnen adgi-
lobrivi sabWoebis (sakrebuloebis) deputatebi, prefeqtebi, sxva
xelmZRvaneli Tanamdebobis pirebi da adgilobrivi politikuri
organizaciebis cnobili warmomadgenlebi, romlebic am moTxovniT
mitingebs marTavdnen qobuleTsa da baTumSi (fotoze, mitingis
organizatori da lideri uCa oqroporiZe, mikrofoniT xelSi).
1991 wlis 14 marts, aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi

sabWos Tavmjdomaris movaleobis Semsruleblad dainiSna aslan
abaSiZe, xolo mis moadgiled ki, nodar imnaZe. aslan abaSiZem, aWa-
ris uzenaesi sabWos arCevnebi, 31 martidan 28 aprils gadaitana.
30 aprils, aslan abaSiZem, nodar imnaZesTan mwvave konfliqtSi
iaraRi gamoiyena, sakuTar kabinetSi esrola, kabinetis gareTac
143
(mcvelTan erTad) daedevna da ramdenime tyviiT dacxrila daWri-
li imnaZe. aslanma imnaZis xiluli sikvdili ar ikmara da veluri
gaveSebiT, micvalebuls, fexebiTac Sesdga. kabinetSi, maSin aslan-
Tan erTad, murman omaniZec imyofeboda.
saqme imaSi gaxldaT, rom nodar imnaZe aslans kabinetSi Seuvar-
da sityvebiT: `samSoblos Ralats aravis vapatieb~-o.
da, raSi mdgomareobda aslanis Ralati?
aslan abaSiZem, 22-23 aprils, baTumSi, organizeba gaukeTa
uxucesi, fundamentalisti muslimebis Camoyvanas zemo aWaris
soflebidan, riTac igi Seecada muslimi da qristiani qarTve-
lebis dapirispirebas. mis mier organizebul am mravalricxovan
provokaciul mitingze aslanma maT mimarTa: àWarlebs `TaTrebs~
geZaxian... aWaris avtonomiis sakiTxs gadawyvets aWaris mosaxleo-
ba... aWaraSi araviTari referendumi ar Catardeba aWaris avto-
nomiis gauqmebis Sesaxeb~. xolo muslim aWarlebs Sehpirda, rom
Tqven geqnebaT sakuTari droSa, sakuTari gerbi da meti meCeTe-
bio. am daZabul mitings Tavi gaarida aWaris avtonomiis gauqme-
bis erT-erTma iniciatorma tariel futkaraZem da igi droebiT
gaecala baTums.
1991 wlis 26 maiss, saqarTvelos prezidentis arCevnebis dRes,
aWaraSi (zviadTan, aslanis mier dadebuli winaswari pirobis _
ficis Tanaxmad) ki paralelurad, unda Catarebuliyo referendu-
mi aWaris avtonomiis gauqmebis Sesaxeb. aWaris, awukve, uzenaesi
sabWos droebiTma Tavmjdomarem ki daarRvia piroba da 22 aprils
moawyo zemoxsenebuli didi mitingi. aslanma umal gamoiyena saku-
Tari Tanamdebobrivi statusi da poziciurad daupirispirda cen-
tralur xelisuflebas. Cvens mier xsenebul mitingze nodar im-
naZec imyofeboda (ix. fotoze marjvniv kuTxeSi).
144
am mitingze, Tavad moismina nodar imnaZem aslanis zemocitire-
buli moRalaturi sityvebi; aslani religiuri grZnobebis Seu-
racxyofebze akeTebda aqcentebs (mizanmimarTulad aJitirebda) da
miT iyoliebda Camoyvanil muslimebs. mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi
baTumSi mdgomareoba kritikulad daiZaba. imnaZe mixvda, rom as-
lanis saxiT saqarTvelos veragi moSuRari mteri moevlina da mas
mxolod iaraRis ZaliT Tu aacilebda saqarTvelos. imnaZis emo-
ciuri reaqcia aRvsili iyo patriotizmis gmiruli suliskveTebiT
da misi disidenturi warsulis gamoZaxils warmoadgenda. Tumca
cxadia, rom acdenili iyo mis axal realur, politikuri Tanade-
bobrivi statusiT gansazRvrul CarCos...
nodar imnaZesTan daZabulobis, konfliqtisa da mkvlelobis
gamo arCevnebis TariRi kvlav gadaiwia da sabolood igi ivlis-
Si Catarda. Ria kenWisyriT, rostom doliZesa da aslan abaSiZes
Soris, uzenaesma sabWom, mxolod erTi xmis upiratesobiT, aslan
abaSiZe airCia. is erTi gadamwyveti – ùpiratesi xma~ – ki komunist
Tengiz xaxvasi iyo.
SeeZlo Tu ara zviads aslanis kandidaturis Secvla 22 aprilis
provokaciuli aqciis Semdeg? ar SeeZlo! aslani ukve daniSnuli
iyo uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris movaleobis Semsruleblad da
22-23 aprilis kritikulad daZabuli viTarebis fonze, misi Secvla,
muslimi mosaxleobis kidev met egzaltacias gamoiwvevda, ra-
Sic waaqezebdnen TurqeTi da ruseTi. zviadma, saomari viTarebis
145
provocirebis nacvlad, aslanis datoveba da aWaraze kontrolis
gamkacreba arCia. unitaruli mmarTvelobiT ki SeinarCuna simSvide
aWaraSi.
saxelmwifoebrivad moazrovne prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam,
gansakuTrebuli sifrTxile, ulmoblad mokluli TanamebrZoli
disidentis nodar imnaZis mimarTac gamoiCina; maqsimalurad See-
cada Caeqro mRelvareba da xmauri mkvlelobis dramatul faqtze,
ramac gardacvlilis ojaxis ukmayofiloba gamoiwvia. prezidentis
gadawyvetilebiT nodar imnaZe pativiT iqna dakrZaluli Tbilisis
saburTalos ZmaTa sasaflaoze. dakrZalvisa da sasaflaos TeTri
marmariloTi mowyobis xarjebi zviadma saxelmwifo biujetidan
gaiRo.
aslan abaSiZe, arc Semdgom erTgulebda damoukidebeli saqar-
Tvelos prezidents, zviad gamsaxurdias; igi moRalatur TavSe-
kavebasa da dumils iCenda samxedro gadatrialebis procesebisad-
mi. man, centraluri xelisuflebisadmi mxardamWeri politikuri
gancxadebebis nacvlad, Caurevlobis politika arCia. qvemomoce-
mul fotoze aRbeWdilia ori lideris saxasiaTo Strixi; zviadi
– wrfeli da marTali mzeriT, xolo aslani – sakuTar Sav-bnel
zraxvebSi CanTqmuli.
146
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg, aslan abaSiZis
SeTqmulebasa da samxedro gadatrialebaSi wvlils mowmobs jaba
ioselianic Tavis wignSi `sami ganzomileba~, rom aslani iaraRiT
amaragebda mas da rom aslani gaxarebulia SevardnaZis CamoyvaniT,
ris jildodac aslani avtomats Cuqnis jabas da mefur pur-ma-
rilsac uSlis. jabac, Tavis mxriv madlobas uxdis aslans 400
avtomatisa da yumbarmtyorcnebis miwodebaSi: `pirdapir sulze
mogviswroo~. es, zviadis winaaRmdeg, magram aslani aseTi saimedo
partniori rodia afsua separatistebis winaaRmdeg SevardnaZis xe-
lisuflebis mier warmoebul omSi; aslani ki hpirdeba jabas 100
avtomats, magram im mcire raodenobis SeiaraRebasac aRar aZlevs
mas.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias opozicioneri Jurnalisti, aw
gardacvlili (ramdenime wlis win upatronoTa TavSesafarSi gar-
daicvala) klara abramia Tavis gazeTSi `TuTarCela~, gvauwyebs,
rom `maqvs informacia baTumidan, rom swored Zmebi asaniZeebi
(erTi baTumis cixeSi gaurkvevel viTarebaSi gardaicvala – l.c.)
arian saqmis kursSi detalurad, ramdenjer Cavida aslan abaSiZe
gudauTasa da soxumSi arZinbasTan omis dros, Tu omis damTavre-
bisTanave. ra tvirTi igzavneboda baTumidan zRviT separatiste-
bis dasaxmareblad. Tengiz asaniZem zustad icis Jiuli Sartavas
daRupvis detalebi – vis, rogor da ranairad SesTavaza aslan
abaSiZem Sartavas gaqrobis gegma. abaSiZes amitomac avadmyofurad
eSinia asaniZeebis, ar gaTqvan saidumlo da amitomac hyavs gamomwy-
vdeuli jurRmulSi~.
afxazeTidan devnilma saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrebma geno
kalandiam, dima jaianma, jano janeliZem (afxazeTis ganaTlebis
ministri) da sxvebma, aslan abaSiZe araerTxel amxiles da daa-
danaSaules afxaz separatistebTan kavSirSi da maTTvis samxedro
sabrZolo teqnikis gagzavnaSi afxazeTis omis dros.
damxobili da saqarTvelodan gandevnili prezidenti zviad
gamsaxurdia 1992 wlis 17 marts, groznodan specialur mimarTvas
akeTebs aWaris mosaxleobisadmi, romelSic aslan abaSiZeze ambobs,
rom `Tu igi ar uerTgulebs saqarTvelos kanonier xelisuflebas
da gadava ukanono TviTmarqvia xelisuflebis mxareze, moRalate
SevardnaZis mxareze, igi dakargavs sruliad saqarTvelos mxar-
daWeras, Cems mxardaWeras da ndobas. dRes aslan abaSiZe dilemis
147
winaSe dgas. me mogiwodebT daexmaroT mas, raTa gaakeTos swori
arCevani, amoudges mxarSi saqarTvelos kanonier parlaments da
prezidents, raTa moRalatis saxeli ar daimkvidros istoriaSi~.
am mimarTvamde 4 dRiT adre gamoqveynda saqarTvelos uze-
naesi sabWos dadgenileba gadatrialebis Sefasebis Sesaxeb. am
dadgenilebis me-3 punqti ki aris is samarTlebrivi, fundamentu-
ri bazisi, romelic momavalSi SesaZlebels xdis (legitimaciis
xangrZlivi wyvetis miuxedavad) aRdges da dafuZndes, kanonieri
erovnuli xelisufleba.
148
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, groznodan mouwodebda aslan
abaSiZes ar mieRo monawileoba, xuntis arc saparalento da arc
saprezidento arCevnebSi, ar daeyenebina Tavisi kandidatura sa-
qarTvelos prezidentis arCevnebSi, ar daTanxmebuliyo Sevard-
naZes arc premier-ministrobis postze, ris winaSec macdurad aye-
nebda mas SevardnaZe.
SevardnaZem, mogvianebiT (1996 wels), Tavad gaamJRavna aslanic
da putCSi monawile sxva kondotierebic masTan aliansSi: `mos-
kovSi, sadac maSin me mSvidad da uWirvelad vcxovrobdi, TviT
gadatrialebis organizatorebic Camodiodnen. maT Soris: jaba
ioseliani, Tengiz kitovani, Semdeg ki aWaris dRevandeli xelmZR-
vaneli aslan abaSiZe. isini ubralod ki ar mexvewebodnen, aramed
moiTxovdnen saqarTveloSi Cems Camosvlas~. aslan abaSiZis mos-
kovSi, SevardnaZesTan Casvla, satelevizio gamosvlaSi daadastu-
ra putCistma profesorma, yofilma disidentma guram mamuliamac,
valeri kvaracxeliam da irakli melaSvilmac, romelTa naTqvami
iuTubze am linkiT ido https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpV4NNbK-
Mh4&feature=relmfu. video amJamad waSlilia, razec uTuod moskovis
kgb izruna, aslanis TxovniT, SevardnaZis gardacvalebis Semdgom.
niSandoblivia, rom 1995 wels ruseTis prezidentma elcinma,
aslan abaSiZe megobrobis ordeniT daajildova, xolo dajildo-
vebis brZanebulebaSi a. abaSiZe moxseniebulia samxedro tituliT
– general-leitenanti (uTuod, ruseTis).
jaba ioselianma, aslanTan garigebis Sedegad, ar Seiyvana xun-
tis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi aWaraSi. sanacvlod, aslanma, isini av-
tomatebiTa da beteerebiT moamaraga. arsebobs aslanis mier
`mxedrionis~ iaraRiT momaragebis oficialuri videoc, romelic
gadaicemoda televiziiT. 1993 wlis seqtember-dekemberSi, saqarT-
veloSi dabrunebul zviad gamsaxurdias SeiaraRebul mebrZolebs,
swored aslanis beteerebiTa da avtomatebiT cxrilavdnen dafnar-
sa da samegreloSic. SeiaraRebas, aslani, aWaraSi dislocirebuli
ruseTis samxedro bazidan iRebda. dabrunebul prezident gam-
saxurdiasTan ki aslani, aranair kontaqtze ar gadioda.
1996 wlis 6 maiss, saqarTvelos televiziis I arxiT (21 sT. 30
wT.-ze), aslan abaSiZem, saagento ìberias~ mier gavrcelebul in-
formaciaze, rom `Tu uaxloes xanSi ar iqneba gansazRvruli aWa-
ris statusi, rogorc suverenuli saprezidento respublikisa sa-
149
qarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi, igi ar Seuwyobs xels kaspiis navTobis
saqarTvelos teritoriaze transportirebis gegmas~ – brZana, rom
eg Cemi mizani ar gaxlavT, aramed ès sakiTxi, 1994 wels CemTan
Sexvedrisas, maSindelma saxelmwifo meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem
dasva ganxilvis wesiT: `xom ar ajobebda aWaris avtonomiuri res-
publikis statusis Secvla aWaris respublikad~, razec me kate-
goriuli uariT vupasuxeo.
sainformacio saagento ìberiam~ damajerebeli pasuxi gasca
aslan abaSiZis uaryofas aWaris statusis Secvlis ultimatumis
Taobaze da misi gamovlena dros miando. drom ki namdvilad ga-
moavlina aslanis amgvari separatistuli mcdelobebi.
1994 wlidan, aslan abaSiZe, sakuTari saparlamento blokiT
àRorZineba~, saqarTvelos parlamentis winaSe permanentulad aye-
nebda moTxovnas `Tavisufali ekonomikuri zonis~ Sesaxeb (Tezi).
2000 wlis TebervalSi aslanis sakrebulom àWaris avtonomiuri
respublikis sakonstitucio kanonSi~ Zireuli cvlilebebi Seita-
na, xolo cvlilebiT variants didxans umalavdnen centralur xe-
lisuflebasa da masmedias. rogorc mogvianebiT gairkva, Secvlili
konstituciis rusuli Targmani, Tavdapirvelad gaigzavna kreml-
Si da aslani maTi reaqciis molodinSi axanebda saqarTvelos
centraluri xelisuflebisaTvis konstituciis axali variantis
wardgenas; vinZlo, SeniSvnebiTa da SesworebebiT dabrunebuliyo
`konstitucia~ kremlidan. raRac maqmanebiT gazeTma àliam~ moi-
pova konstituciis rusuli varianti da misma korespondentma qeTi
xatiaSvilma gazeTSi gaasajarova igi. konstituciis iuridiuli
Sefaseba ki zurab adeiSvilis komentarebiT moaxdina. aslanis mier
konstituciis axali variantis gasaidumloebam politikur wreebSi
da eris gonier nawilSic warmoSva miTqma-moTqma aWaris statusi-
sa da saprezidento mmarTvelobis SesaZlo Canaweris Sesaxeb. aki,
Cvens mier gamoqveynebul SevardnaZis saidumlo werilSi, aWara-
Sic saprezidento arCevnebzea laparaki. sabednierod, es eWvebi am
etapze ar gamarTlda, magram zurab adeiSvilis SefasebiT, konsti-
tuciis Zireuli cvlilebebi amgvari perspeqtivisken iyo mimarTu-
li. `konstituciaSi~ Cadebuli iyo xelisuflebis memkvidreobiT
gadacemis SesaZleblobac, rac aslanis Svilze – giorgize iyo
gaTvlili. aki, baTumis meris politikur Tanamdebobaze aRazeva
aslanma Tavisi Ze. sabolood ki àWaris konstituciis~ cvlilebi-
150
Ti varianti mxolod mas Semdeg gamougzavna aslanma centralur
xelisuflebas, roca dokumenti regionalur gazeT àWaraSi~ ga-
moqveynda.
amgvari damokidebulebis (araRiarebis) nawili gaxldaT asla-
nis mxridan ruseTsa da TurqeTSi misi gaxSirebuli vizitebi, maSin
roca igi saqarTvelos parlamentisa da mTavrobis sxdomebs ara-
sodes eswreboda. TbilisSi Camousvlelobas, igi `teraqtis mowy-
obis~ SiSiT xsnida. TiTqos, amgvari gegma-survilis SemTxvevaSi,
saqarTvelos Sesabamisi samsaxurebi, saqarTvelos farglebs gareT
ver SeZlebdnen mis likvidacias.
2000 wlis 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis win, 23 Teber-
vals, SevardnaZe saidumlo vizitiT Cavida aWaraSi da 5-saaTiani
saidumlo molaparakeba awarmoa aslanTan erTi-erTze. Tu raze
gaurigda, SevardnaZe aslans, saprezidento arCevnebSi sruli
mxardaWeris sanacvlod, male gamovlinda...
2000 wlis 9 aprilis saqarTvelos saprezidento arCevnebSi
aslan abaSiZem, arCevnebamde ori dRiT adre moxsna Tavisi kan-
didatura SevardnaZis sasargeblod da mis momxreebs mouwoda
xma SevardnaZes miscen.
2000 wlis 13 seqtembers, saqarTveloSi vizitisas rusma gene-
ralma troSevma, aWaris liderTan pirispir ganacxada: `me somxeTi-
dan, saqarTvelos gavliT Camovedi aWaraSi~. troSevis am Tavxedur
ganacxads, arc aslanisa da arc centraluri xelisuflebis arcer-
Ti uwyebis, diplomatiuri korpusis mxridan reaqcia-pasuxi ar
mohyolia. aramed, mxolod, presis Jurnalistebis mxridan mohyva.
2001 wlis 19 marts, SevardnaZis parlamentis spikeri zurab
Jvania Cavida baTumSi da aslans Sepirda àWaris Tavisufali eko-
nomikuri zonis~ Sesaxeb kanonis parlamentSi miRebas. sanacvlod,
aslani centralur xelisuflebas pirdeboda, rom ar iTanamS-
romlebda eqsprezident zviad gamsaxurdias momxreebTan da ko-
munistebTan.
2001 wlis ivnisSi, ruseTis elCma stankeviCma da aWaris warmo-
madgenelma hamlet WipaSvilma saqarTvelos xelisuflebis winaSe
dasves sakiTxi aWaraSi ruseTis sakonsulos gaxsnis Sesaxeb. aR-
niSnuli iniciativa sruliad kanonierad miiCnia sagareo urTier-
TobaTa komisiis Tavmjdomare nino burjanaZem. SevardnaZis poli-
tikuri nebiT, TbilisSi wlebis ganmavlobaSi moqmedebda aWaris
151
warmomadgenloba Tbilisis maSindeli meriis mimdebared (galak-
tionis quCaze) hamlet WipaSvilis `konsulobiT~.
2001 wlis 8 ivniss, xobSi Sedga e.w.
sakoordinacio sabWos gafarToebuli
Sekreba àRorZinebis kavSiris~ sameg-
relos organizaciis lideris roman
meliasa da aleqsandre WaWias organi-
zatorobiT. Sekrebas eswrebodnen par-
lamentarebi fridon injia da àRor-
Zinebis~ erTerTi lideri jemal
gogitiZe. Sekrebaze gaiJRera `sameg-
relos avtonomiis~ Seqmnis ideam, rasac TanaugrZno j. gogitiZem
(2001 w. 8 ivnisis telekompania `kavkasiis~ informacia), oRond am
sakiTxis wamoweva jer naadrevad miiCnia. kerZod Tqva, rom `maT
sruli ufleba aqvT ifiqron keTildReobisTvis~.
2001 wlis 6 ivliss, aslan abaSiZis blokma àRorZinebam~ saqar-
Tvelos parlamentSi gaaJRera azri, aWaraSi TviTmmarTvelobis
arCevnebis, centrisagan damoukideblad Catarebis Sesaxeb. xolo
7 ivliss Zireuli cvlilebebi Seitanes aWaris konstituciaSi,
rac istoriuli mniSvnelobis movlenad amcno xalxs àRorZine-
bis~ axalgazrda liderma giorgi TargamaZem da Tan dasZina, rom
aWaris konstitucia srul SesabamisobaSia saqarTvelos konstitu-
ciasTano.
aWaris konstituciuri cvlilebiT aWaris uzenaesi sabWo gar-
daiqmna or palatian parlamentad, xolo uzenaesi sabWos Tavmj-
domaris nacvlad SemoiRes avtonomiuri respublikis meTauris
Tanamdeboba. imave dRes gadaayenes aWaris generaluri prokuro-
ric. 9 ivliss, orSabaTobebis brifingze e. SevardnaZem loialuri
Sefaseba misca aWaris ezenaesi sabWos gadawyvetilebebs da Tavi
imarTla, rom arcerTi sakiTxi CemTan SeTanxmebuli ar yofilao.
2001 wlis 3 ivliss, aWaraSi gaixsna xazinis filiali, rac avto-
nomiis ekonomikuri damoukideblobisken gadadgmuli kidev erTi
nabiji gaxldaT.
2001 wlis 28 agvistos, aWaraSi dislocirebuli ruseTis samxe-
dro nawilebi, mTeli samxedro teqnikiT, general viaCeslav bo-
risovis meTaurobiT, baTumidan qobuleTSi gadaadgildnen da
ruseTis samxedro droSa aRmarTes. dislokaciis Secvlis adgili
152
ar yofila SeTanxmebuli saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministrosTan,
Tumca SevardnaZis mTavrobas, arc am gamowvevaze hqonia raime
reaqcia.
2001 wlis 2 oqtombers, telekompania àWaris~ Ramis sainfor-
macio gamoSvebaSi, a. abaSiZem ganacxada, rom `1993 wels, me weri-
li mivwere joxar dudaevs, iqneb daiTanxmoT gamsaxurdia, rom ar
dabrundes saqarTveloSi. Cemi amgvari Txovna ganpirobebuli iyo
axali samoqalaqo (?! – l. c.) omis SiSiT~. am gamosvlaSi man, saqar-
Tvelos imdroindel mdgomareobaSi ar daadanaSaula SevardnaZe,
aramed ganacxada, rom `Cven yvelani varT damnaSave~-o.
2001 wlis 8-11 oqtombers, rusma samxedro TviTmfrinavebma
dabombes kodoris xeoba. kodoris xeobasTan Camogdebul gaeros
misiis TviTmfrinavSi daiRupa misiis 8 wevri da erTi qarTveli
Tarjimani lali xviCia. am dabombvebis dros ruseTSi myof aslan
abaSiZes, arc viziti Seuwyvetia da arc sayveduri dacdenia ruse-
Tis agresiis mimarT.
2001 wlis 11 oqtombris parlamentis sxdomaze blok àRorZine-
bis~ deputatebma da moqkavSiruli umravlesobis didma nawilma
mxari ar dauWires afxazeTis teritoriidan rusi `samSvidobo~
SenaerTebis gayvanasa da saqarTvelos `sng~-dan gamosvlis sakiTxs.
2001 wlis 3 noembris adgilobriv arCevnebSi, vakis raionSi, as-
lan abaSiZem da e. SevardnaZem mxari irina sariSvilis kandidatu-
ras dauWires.
2001 wlis 13 noembers, aWaraSi Camosulma ruseTis mra-
valricxovanma samTavrobo delegaciam, aslan abaSiZe preziden-
tad moixsenia da xelSekrulebebi dado, rogorc damoukidebel
saxelmwifo subieqtTan. saqarTvelos centralur xelisuflebas
aranairi reaqcia ar gamouxatavs am antisaxelmwifoebriv faqtze.
aslani mudam mWidro kavSir-urTierTobaSi iyo aWaraSi dislo-
cirebul ruseTis samxedro bazis generlebTan.1999 wlis arCevne-
bSi, ruseTis me-12 samxedro bazis xelmZRvanelma viaCeslav bori-
sovma, aslan abaSiZesa da mis partias – àRorZinebas~ Riad dauWira
mxari, ramac SevardnaZis gundis axalgazrduli frTis (saakaSvili,
bokeria, baramiZe...)ukmayofileba gamoiwvia da rusi generlis sa-
qarTvelodan gawveva moiTxoves. mogvianebiT ki, xelisuflebis sa-
TaveSi mosulma saakaSvilma, generali borisovi persona non-gra-
tad gamoacxada da qveynidan gaaZeva.
153
aslanma, ruseTis polit-elitidan da samxedro bazebidan ga-
magrebuli zurgiT, Coloqze transportiT gadaadgileba SezRuda
da gamSvebi punqti daayena, riTac man faqtobrivad, aWara gamoyo
saqarTvelos centraluri mmarTvelobidan. am mravalwlianma, de-
faqto sademarkacio punqtma, Tavisufali gadaadgilebebi SeuzRu-
da danarCen saqarTvelos mosaxleobas, Coloqi-baTumis sarkinigzo
monakveTzec kontroldebodnen matareblis mgzavrebi, yoveliveze
ki Tvals xuWavda e. SevardnaZe.
2002 wlis 10 seqtembers, aslan abaSiZem, moskovSi Tavdacvis mi-
nistrTan Sexvedrisas ganacxada, rom `saqarTveloSi myofi ruse-
Tis samxedro Zalebi, ucxo qveynis Zalebi ar aris~.
2003 wlis 25 agvistos saqarTvelos parlamentma, opoziciis ini-
ciativiT miiRo dadgenileba, saqarTvelos `sng~-dan gamosvlis, ru-
seTis samxedro bazebisa da e.w. `samSvidoboebis~ gayvanis Taobaze.
dadgenilebas mxari ar dauWires àRorZinebisa~ (jemal gogitiZe)
da `socialistebis~ (vaxtang rCeuliSvili) warmomadgenlebma.
2003 wlis 6 noembers, aslan abaSiZem, Tbilissa da danarCen
raionebSi, saakaSvilis liderobiT dawyebuli saprotesto ga-
mosvlebis (2 noembris saparlamento arCevnebis gayalbebis gamo)
viTarebaSi moiwvia senati da cvlilebebi Seitana aWaris konsti-
tuciaSi. forsirebuli cvlilebebiT aWaris meTaurs gaufarTovda
uflebebi da statusi; igi iqca saxelmwifos umaRles saxelisu-
flo, samxedro da politikur pirad, gaxda mTavarsardali. aslans
mieca sakuTari samxedro SenaerTebis, jaris Seqmnisa da samxedro
wodebebis miniWebis uflebamosileba. 8 noembers 3 saaTze, Tbi-
lisSi, Tavisuflebis moedanze saakaSvilma ufro grandiozuli
saprotesto mitingi Caatara. 9 noembers, SevardnaZe gaemgzavra
aWaraSi da erTi-erTze, daxurul kars miRma elaparaka aslans. 10
noembers aslani moulodnelad gaemgzavra somxeTSi da saidumlo
molaparakeba awarmoa prezident koCarianTan. somxeTis saxelmwi-
fo televiziiT gadaica, rom `somxeTSi Camovida suverenuli aWa-
ris meTauri aslan abaSiZe.~ somxeTSi imave dRes moskovidan Cavida
ruseTis Tavdacvis ministri igor ivanovic. 11 noembers RamiT as-
lan abaSiZe Cavida azerbaijanSi da Sexvda prezident ilxam alievs
daxurul kars miRma. 13 noembers aslani azerbaijanidan gaemgza-
vra moskovSi.
TbilisSi, saprotesto mitingebi, SevardnaZis gadadgomiT ar
wydeboda da ufro masobrivi xdeboda. mitingebis talRam saqar-
154
Tvelos raionebic moicva. paralelurad, SevardnaZis mxardamWer
mitingebs parlamentTan awyobda aslanis bloki àRorZineba~jemal
gogitiZis liderobiT, romlebsac mxars uWerda manana arCvaZis
`mrgvali magida~, irina sariSvili da guram SaraZe.
es foto, 2003 wlis e.w. `varde-
bis revoluciis~ wina periodisaa.
àRorZinebis~ lideri jemal go-
gitiZe Riad, Jurnalistebis
TanxlebiT, `kolxur koSkSi~
stumrobs Tavis mokavSire manana
arCvaZes politikuri konsulta-
ciebisTvis.
saakaSvilis mxardamWerebma
parlamentis winamdebare terito-
riidan garekes aWaridan Camoyvani-
li aslanis momxreebi. SevardnaZis
mTavrobis wevrTa umravlesobam
gadadgoma gamoacxada.
22 noembers gvian RamiT Tbi-
lisSi Camofrinda igor ivanovi,
Sexvda opoziciis liderebs da
parlamentTanac gamovida sityviT. 23 noembers saakaSvili da Tavi-
si mravalricxovani momxreebi, vardebiT xelSi SeiWrnen parlamen-
tis darbazSi; SeSfoTebuli SevardnaZe, sakuTarma dacvam sirbiliT
gaiyvana darbazidan. SevardnaZem 23 noembers gadadgoma gamoacxada.
2003 wlis 23 noemberi, saqarTvelos uaxles istoriaSi Sevida
e.w. `vardebis revoluciis~ saxeliT. 23 noembers RamiT igor iva-
novi aWaraSi gaemgzavra. aslan abaSiZem 24 noembers daxura sar-
kinigzo mimosvla TbilisTan, wina dRiT ki aWaraSi sagangebo vi-
Tareba gamoacxada da daketa sazRvrebi. 24-25 noembers, abaSiZem
ganacxada, rom ar scnobs opoziciis (saakaSvil- Jvania-burjana-
Zis) xelisuflebas da boikots ucxadebs maT mier daniSnul arCe-
vnebs. im Ramesve aslani kvlav moskovSi gadafrinda da elapara-
ka e.w. samxreT oseTisa da afxazeTis TviTmarqvia prezidentebs,
xolo ruseTis premierisagan moiTxova aWarasTan ruseTis savizo
reJimis Serbileba (ruseTma, saqarTvelosTan, savizo reJimi daawe-
sa 2000 wlis dekemberSi). 26 noembers, opoziciam, saqarTvelos
prezidentobis kandidatad mixeil saakaSvili daasaxela. ruseT-
155
ma gaiTvaliswina ra aslan abaSiZis Txovna, 9 dekembers gaamarti-
va savizo reJimi aWarasTan, rac gamoixateboda imaSi, rom aWaris
macxovreblebi, pirdapir ruseTis aeroportSi miiRebdnen vizebs.
28 dekembers, aslan abaSiZem oficialurad ganacxada, rom aWara
monawileobas miiRebs 2004 wlis 4 ianvris saqarTvelos sapreziden-
to arCevnebSi. mis amgvar gadawyvetilebaze mniSvnelovani gavlena
iqonia amerikis elCma saqarTveloSi riCard mailsma.
2003 wlis dekembris movlenebma da centraluri xelisuflebis
cvlilebebma, aWarasac Seuqmna safrTxe; aslani yvela resursiT
cdilobda wlobiT miRweuli mdgomareobis SenarCunebas; imisa-
Tvis, rom centraluri xelisuflebis cvlilebebi odnavadac ar
Sexeboda aWaras, aslanma 2004 wlis gazafxulze, mdinare Coloqsa
da qaquTze arsebuli xidebi aafeTqa da daba CaqvSi zRvis sana-
piroc danaRma, raSic mas ruseTis samxedro bazis meomrebic ex-
marebodnen.
2004 wlis 4 ianvris saqarTvelos saprezidento arCevnebSi
gaimarjva mixeil saakaSvilma, romelsac xma zviad gamsaxurdias
momxre erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis udidesma umra-
vlesobamac misca, rogorc SevardnaZis xuntisturi xelisuflebis
damamxobels.
2004 wlis 24 ianvars, Coloqze aRebul iqna blok-postebi (be-
tonis xergilebi). 25 ianvars, saprezidento inaguraciis dRes, di-
lis 9 saaTze, saakaSvilma samxedro aRlumi, jer miiRo baTumSi,
Semdeg foTSi da bolos – 3 saaTze, TbilisSi.
2004 wlis 14 marts, prezidenti saakaSvili Coloqze aRar gaa-
tares aslan abaSiZis SeiaraRebulma Zalebma. Coloqis gamSvebi
punqti, saprezidento arCevnebis Semdgom kvlav aRadgina ra, aba-
SiZem. saakaSvili iZulebuli gaxda dabrunebuliyo foTSi, sadac
moiwvia mTavrobis sxdoma da gamoacxada àntikrizisuli centris~
Seqmna. centris xelmZRvanelad ki daniSna premier-ministri zurab
Jvania. àntikrizisulma centrma~ umal miiRo baTumis sayovelTao
blokadis gadawyvetileba. Caiketa sarkinigzo, sazRvao, sahaero da
saxmeleTo sazRvrebi. sayovelTao blokadas, rogorc mosalodne-
li iyo, ver gauZlo aWaram da ormxrivi molaparakebis Sedegad,
saakaSvilma blokada moxsna 18 marts. aslanma ukan daixia da ga-
nacxada, rom 28 marts adgilobrivi arCevnebi aWaraSic Catardeba.
156
2004 wlis 6 aprils, saakaSvilma, aWaris uzenaesi sabWos koor-
dinatorad daniSna rkinigzis departamentis ufrosi levan varSa-
lomiZe, xolo baTumis merad, yofili politpatimari Tengiz asa-
niZe.
2004 wlis 6 maiss, saakaSvilma Tavisi saxelisuflo ZalebiT
mainc SeaRwia aWaraSi da aRadgina konstituciuri wesrigi. aslani
aWaridan moskovSi, ruseTis uSiSroebis sabWos mdivan igor iva-
novTan gaiqca. moskovis maSindelma merma iuri luJkovma aslans
Sokoladis sawarmo misca da dRemde bednierad cxovrobs ruseTSi;
daqvrivebulma aslanma moskoveli axalgazrda gogo SeirTo co-
lad, visganac moxucebulobis asakSi (78 wlis) vaJiSvilic ki eyola.
ase dasrulda àslan-faSas~ 13-wliani feodaluri mmarTveloba
aWaraSi.
yarsis xelSekrulebis Zalmosilebis sakiTxi
1992 wlis 30 ivliss, e. SevardnaZem kidev erTi moRalaturi

aqti gaaforma TurqeTTan yarsis xelSekrulebis aRiarebis Se-
saxeb. radgan, yarsis xelSekruleba, uSualod aWaris avtonomiis
sakiTxs ukavSirdeba, movaled vTvliT Tavs, maszec SevaCeroT
mkiTxvelis yuradReba;
1992 wlis 30 ivlisis xelSekrulebas, TurqeTis prezident
suleiman demirelTan, SevardnaZem, Tumca 10 wlis vadiT moawe-
ra xeli, magram vadis gasvlis Semdgom, yovel jerze, 5 wlia-
ni gagrZelebebis pirobiT, rac faqtiurad uvado Zalmosilebis
xelSekrulebad moiazreba. Tavad, 1921 wlis 13 oqtombris yarsis
ZiriTad xelSekrulebas, 100 wliani moqmedebis pirobiTi vada 2021
wels gasdis. `pirobiTs~ vambobT, radgan yarsis xelSekrulebaSi,
imTaviTve aranairi vada ar yofila gansazRvruli. xelSekrulebe-
bis 100 wliani vada, dauwereli pirobaa diplomatiaSi, rasac dro
da sistemaTa formacia, bunebrivad, Zaladakargul dokumentad
aqcevs. subieqturia mosazreba, rom, TiTqos ès, is xelSekrule-
baa, romelic araviTari vadiT ar izRudeba~ (hamlet WipaSvili).
yarsis xelSekruleba, 1944-45 wlebamdec miviwyebuli iyo da
arc 1944-45 wlebis Semdgomac gamxdara didad aqtualuri. 1944-
45 wlebSi ki, stalinma gaixsena igi da sagareo saqmeTa ministr
157
viaCeslav molotovs daavala gadaexeda xelSekrulebisTvis,
misi Secvlis mizniT. stalinis ukmayofilebas iwvevda somxeTisa
da saqarTvelos teritoriebis didi danaklisi am xelSekrule-
biT(xelSekruleba leninsa da mustafa qemals Soris gaformda.
kremli TurqeTs, aRmosavleTSi Tavis mniSvnelovan revoluciur
mokavSired miiCnevda.). molotovma TurqeTis elCs gadasca nota
teritoriuli pretenziebiT da sityvierad ganucxada, rom ssrk
calmxrivad gamodioda xelSekrulebidan. sabWoTa delegaciam
potsdamis konferenciazec gaaJRera yarsis xelSekrulebis Se-
saxeb 1945 wels, magram wayruebul iqna.
aslan abaSiZisaTvis sasicocxlod mniSvnelovani iyo yarsis
xelSekruleba, romelic gaxldaT safuZveli aWaris avtonomiis sta-
tusis, rac uzunvelyofda aWaris meTauris politikur Tanamdbobas.
yarsis xelSekrulebis mexuTe muxlSi Cawerilia:
`TurqeTi Tanxmdeba dauTmos saqarTvelos siuzerenite-
ti qalaqsa da navsadgur baTumsa da teritoriaze, romelic
am xelSekrulebis IV muxliT miTiTebuli sazRvris Crdiloe-
TiT Zevs da Seadgens baTumis olqis nawils, im pirobiT, rom:
1. mosaxleoba am adgilebisa, romlebic am muxlSia miTiTe-
buli, isargeblebs farTo adgilobrivi avtonomiiT, admi-
nistraciuli TvalsazrisiT, rac uzrunvelyofs TiToeuli
TemisTvis mis kulturul da religiur uflebebs da mo-
saxleobas eqneba SesaZlebloba daadginos miTiTebul ad-
gilebze miwis kanoni, romelic Seesatyviseba mis`survilebs~.
2. TurqeTisTvis uzrunvelyofili iqneba yovelgvari saqon-
lis Tavisufali tranziti, romelic gaigzavneba TurqeTSi
da TurqeTidan, baTumis navsadguris gavliT, ubaJod, raime
Seferxebis gareSe da yovelgvari gadasaxadiT maT daube-
gravad, TurqeTisTvis baTumis navsadguris sargeblobis
uzrunvelyofiT amaze specialuri gamosaRebebis gadauxdelad~.
SevardnaZem ki, Tavisi moRalaturi aqtivobiT, axali sasi-
cocxlo Zala SesZina 1921 wlis 13 oqtombris yarsis, am bune-
brivad kvdomad xelSekrulebas, rac aslan abaSiZesa da mis mrCe-
vel, hamlet WipaSvils Soris erToblivi molaparakebis Sedegi
iyo; 1992 wlis 30 ivlisis farTomasStabian `saqarTvelos respu-
blikisa da TurqeTis respublikis megobrobis, TanamSromlobis
da keTilmezobluri urTierTobis xelSekrulebis~ preambulaSi
Caiwera: `mxareebi acxadeben, rom daicaven maT Soris dadebul
158
xelSekrulebebs da SeTanxmebebs dawyebuli 1921 wlis 13 oqtom-
bris SeTanxmebiT. mxareebi xelmZRvaneloben imiT, rom am Se-
TanxmebiT sabolood dadginda sazRvari or saxelmwifos Soris.
mxareebi aRniSnuli SeTanxmebis debulebebs daicaven Tavian-
Ti kanonmdeblobis, arsebuli praqtikis da maTi saerTaSoriso
valdebulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT~.
yarsis xelSekrulebis araZalmosilebaze saubrobdnen Sevard-
naZis `moqalaqeTa kavSiris~ reformatoruli frTis axalgazrda,
1995 wlis saparlamento arCevnebiT mosuli deputatebic da aWa-
ris avtonomiis gauqmebis survils xmamaRla gamoTqvamdnen (rezo
adamia, kaxa Citaia, mixeil saakaSvili...).
saerTaSoriso samarTlis specialisti biZina savanelis avto-
ritetuli daskvniT:
`1. yarsis xelSekruleba daido 1921 wlis 26 seqtembers
(b-n b. savaneli, xelSekrulebis dadebis TariRs, xelSekruleba-
ze mosalaparakeblad Casvlis dRidan moixseniebs – l.c.), anu mas
Semdeg, rac sabWoTa ruseTma moaxdina saqarTvelos okupacia da
aneqsia! dapyrobili qveynis mTavrobis mier xelmoweril nebis-
mier aqts saerTaSoriso samarTlis Zala ar aqvs, radgan aseTi
mTavroba imTaviTve legitimuri ar iyo. 2. aseve araviTari iuri-
diuli Zala ar aqvs dampyrobeli qveynis mTavrobis, anu sabWoTa
ruseTis mier saqarTvelos sam avtonomiad danawevrebas, soWis
raionis – ruseTisaTvis; kaxis, belaqanis, saingilos – azerbai-
janisTvis; da loresa da taSiris – somxeTisaTvis mierTebas!~
interesmoklebuli ar unda iyos, Tanamedrove mkiTxvelisT-
vis imis Sexseneba, Tu vin warmoadgenda saqarTvelos oficialur
delegacias 1921 wlis 26 seqtembers yarsis rkinigzis sadgurze
CasulTagan; eseni iyvnen: saqarTvelos sr revkomis prezidiumis
wevri, samxedro-sazRvao saqmeTa saxalxo komisari Salva eliava;
saqarTvelos ssr sagareo saqmeTa saxalxo komisari aleqsandre
svaniZe, delegaciis mrCeveli sasazRvro teritoriul sakiTxebSi
pavle ingoroyva; unda iTqvas, rom qarTuli delegacia ukmayo-
filo iyo yarsis xelSekrulebis pirobebiT da maT, konferenciis
dawyebisTanave, Turqebs, oradgayofili sarfis mTlianad saqarT-
velosTvis gadmocema mosTxoves, razec cxare kamaTic gaimarTa.
dokumentis ratificirebis dros (1922 w. 14 aprili) sesiaze gan-
sakuTrebiT daiZaba viTareba; Salva eliavam cak-is wevrebs mouwo-
da mxari daeWiraT xelSekrulebis ratificirebisTvis. aWaris war-
159
momadgenlebma Todriam da ximSiaSvilmac uaryofiTad Seafases
aWaris samxreTi nawilis TurqeTisaTvis gadacema.
axla, mokled, yarsis xelSekrulebis wina mdgomareobamdeli
viTareba gavixsenoT; baTumsa da arTvins, jer osmalebi (brestis
1918 wlis zavis Sedegad), osmaleTis damarcxebis Semdgom ki(mu-
drosis 1918 wlis zaviT), britanelebi daeuflnen, artaani ki
proTurquli elementebisagan Camoyalibebulma TviTmarqvia
e. w. yarsis respublikam Caigdo xelSi. saqarTvelos mTavrobis
diplomatiisa da qarTuli SeiaraRebuli ZalebiT saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo sazRvari TurqeTTan sakmaod swrafad aRdga; ai, ase-
Ti mdgomareoba hqonda saqarTvelos 1920 wlis Semodgomaze, roca
komunisturi ruseTisa da qemalisturma TurqeTis mTavrobebma
erTmaneTs daxmarebis xeli gauwodes; im periodSi vladimer lenini
da mustafa qemali, orive evropul intervencias ebrZoda. antan-
ta, moskovsa da angoras (ankaras), mtrad miaCndaT. sul sxvagvari
iyo saqarTvelos sagareo-politikuri orientacia – mkveTrad
gamoxatuli dasavluri veqtoriT. qemalistebi da komunistebi
qarTvel social-demokratebs eWviT uyurebdnen da Tbilisis di-
plomatia aSkarad ar moswondaT....
arsebobs mosazreba, yarsis xelSekrulebis calmxrivad de-
nonsaciis SeuZleblobis Sesaxeb (hamlet WipaSvili, simon ki-
laZe...), radgan saqarTvelo, somxeTi da azerbaijani, dokumentSi,
erTi mxaris statusiT sargebloben. agreTve, sanam arsebobs mos-
kovis, ruseT-TurqeTis megobrobis xelSekruleba (1921 wlis 16
marti da swored am xelSekrulebis `pirmSos~ warmoadgens yarsis
xelSekruleba), iarsebebs yarsis dokumentis pirobebic.
miuxedavad, zemomotanili mosazrebisa, mainc SesaZlebelia
brZola misi denonsaciisaTvis.
yarsis xelSekrulebis damcvel mamebs vusvamT kiTxvas: vin
moawera xeli yarsis xelSekrulebas, Jordanias legitimurma xe-
lisuflebam Tu kremlma, romelsac saqarTvelos dapyroba, iu-
ridiulad jerac ar hqonda gaformebuli? miTumetes, rode-
sac, TviT ruseTis legitimaciasac ki, maSin inglisic ar cnobda?
yarsis xelSekruleba Zaladakargulia xelmoweris dRidan da ai
ratom: 1. xelSekrulebaze saqarTvelos xeli ar mouweria, ro-
gorc damoukidebel qveyanas. 2. xelSekrulebaze xelmoweris dros
TurqeTSi orxelisuflebianoba iyo, sulTnisa da aTaTurqis. aTa-
160
Turqs ki evropa ar cnobda. 3. yarsis xelSekrulebaSi moxsenie-
bul Turqul teritoriebs safuZvlad udevs osmaleTis didi
krebis mier gansazRvruli teritoriebi, romelSic arTvini da mi-
mdebare teritoriebi ar Sedioda.
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli mTavroba, moiTxovda ra aWaris
avtonomiis gauqmebas, xelmZRvanelobda axali istoriuli realo-
biT; kerZod, 1921 wlis 13 oqtombris yarsis xelSekruleba daido
osmaleTis imperiasa da saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialistur respu-
blikas Soris, xolo ratifikaciis dros (1921 wlis 20 ivliss) iyo
sabWoTa kavSirSi Semavali sabWoTa respublika. vinaidan, arsebul
istoriul viTarebaSi, aRarc erTi politikuri subieqti ar arse-
bobda, xelSekrulebas, avtomaturad Zaladakargulad miiCnevda.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
erovnuli xelisufleba, arc saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialis-
turi respublikis da arc sabWoTa kavSirSi Semaval sabWoTa
respublikis samarTalmemkvidres ar warmoadgenda.
SevardnaZe-demirels Soris dadebuli 1992 wlis 30 ivlisis
xelSekruleba, Sesabamisi aqtiT baTilad gamoacxada zviad gam-
saxurdias saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesma sabWom (dadge-
nileba ix. qvemoT), riTac mkveTri pasuxi gaeca hamlet WipaSvilis
rutinul kiTxvas: `davuSvaT (Tumca daSveba absurdis tolfasia)
yvela CamoTvlili varianti gamarTlda da xelSekruleba (yarsis
– l.c.) marTlac istorias Cabarda, ra vuyoT 1992 wlis 30 ivlisis
farTomasStabian `saqarTvelos respublikisa da TurqeTis respu-
blikis megobrobis, TanamSromlobis da keTilmezobluri urTier-
Tobis xelSekrulobas~?
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos

d a d g e n i l e b a
somxeTis, azerbaijanis da saqarTvelos sabWoTa respublikebi-
sa da osmaleTis didi erovnuli yrilobis mTavrobasTan, ruseTis
federaciuli sabWoTa respublikis monawileobiT dadebuli 1921
wlis 13 oqtombers da saqarTvelos respublikasa da TurqeTis
respublikas Soris keTilmezobluri urTierTobis Sesaxeb 1992
wlis 30 ivliss gaformebuli antikonstituciuri xelSekrule-
bebis baTilad da iuridiuli Zalis armqoned cnobis Sesaxeb.
....1. qarTuli mxare cnobs baTilad, iuridiuli Zalis armqoned
161
somxeTis, azerbaijanisa da saqarTvelos sabWoTa respublikebis
aralegitimuri mTavrobebis mier osmaleTis didi erovnuli yri-
lobis mTavrobasTan ruseTis monawileobiT dadebul 1921 wlis
13 oqtombris aralegitimur, arakonstituciur xelSekrulebas da
yovelgvar valdebulebas ixsnis mis Sesrulebaze; 2. saqarTvelos
respublikis aralegitimuri mTavrobisa da TurqeTis respublikis
mTavrobis TanamSromlobisa da keTilmezobluri urTierTobis
1992 wlis 30 ivlisis xelSekruleba gamocxaddes baTilad da
iuridiuli Zalis armqoned, rogorc antikonstituciuri aqti;
3. saqarTvelos ssr umaRlesi sabWos 1990 wlis 9 martisa da amave
wlis 17–18 agvistos dadgenilebebidan, 1991 wlis 31 martis sayo-
velTao-saxalxo referendumis Sedegebidan gamomdinare, romlis
safuZvelzec saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesma sabWom 1991 wlis
9 aprils aRadgina saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblo-
ba, saqarTvelos respublikis teritoria ganisazRvros 1918 wlis
26 maisis mdgomareobiT, romelic aRiarebulia erTa ligis mier.
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWo,
Tbilisi, 2005 wlis 21 oqtomberi.
sxva mosazreba
yarsis xelSekrulebis `saidumlo~
14 ivlisi 2018
maS ase, icodeT, rom xelSekrulebaSi erTi sityviTac ki, ar aris
daSvebuli TurqeTis mier aWaris misakuTrebis raime forma. arc
raime pirobaa daTqmuli, romlis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi TurqeTs
ufleba aqvs aWara miierTos. piriqiT, 1921 wlis yarsis xelSekrule-
biT, TurqeTma saqarTvelos suzereniteti aRiara aWaraze. anu aRia-
ra saqarTvelos sruli iurisdiqcia baTumsa da mis olqze. rusuli
propaganda ki, qarTuli sazogadoebis dasaSineblad, wlebis manZil-
ze safrTxobelas msgavsad 1921 wlis yarsis xelSekrulebas iyenebs.
kremli mudmivad imeorebs, rom yarsis xelSekruleba, TurqeTs, ba-
Tumisa da mTlianad aWaris regionis mierTebis saSualebas aZlevs
da Tu ara ruseTi, Turqebi advilad gadaylapavdnen mTel aWaras.
arada, yarsis xelSekrulebaSi msgavsi araferi weria da es mxolod
rusuli propagandis mier mogonili morigi tyuilia. rusuli tyui-
lis gamoaSkaraveba, martivad Tavad xelSekrulebis teqstis meSveo-
162
biT SeiZleba. ra weria yarsis xelSekrulebaSi, romelic 1921 wlis
13 oqtombers daido?
ruseTis SuamavlobiT, xelSekrulebas erTis mxriv xels awe-
ren amierkavkasiis respublikebis sabWoTa mTavrobebi (saqarTvelo,
somxeTi, azerbaijani) da meores mxriv TurqeTi. es xelSekruleba,
1921 wlis 16 marts moskovSi sabWoTa ruseTsa da TurqeTs Soris
dadebul SeTanxmebas imeorebda, romelic amierkavkasiaSi gavlenis
sferoebis gansazRvras exeboda. 16 martis SeTanxmebis xelmowe-
ramde, sabWoTa ruseTsa da qemalistur TurqeTs Soris, am Temaze
molaparakeba ramdenime Tve mimdinareobda. anu, sabWoTa ruseTi wi-
naswar, saqarTvelos okupaciamde gaurigda TurqeTs saqarTvelos
teritoriis gadanawilebaze.
meeqvse muxli, romelic uSualod exeba saqarTvelos: „TurqeTi
Tanxmdeba saqarTvelos dauTmos suzereniteti qalaq baTumze da
baTumis navsadgurze da im teritoriaze, romelic mdebareobs am
xelSekrulebis meoTxe muxlSi miTiTebuli sazRvris CrdiloeTiT
da Seadgens baTumis olqis Semadgenel nawils, Semdegi pirobiT:
1. am adgilis mosaxleo-
ba, romelic miTiTebulia am
muxlSi, isargeblebs farTo
adgilobrivi avtonomiiT,
romelic uzrunvelyofs Ti-
Toeuli Temis kulturul da
religiur uflebebs da mo-
saxleobas ufleba eqneba Se-
moiRos miwis kanoni sakuTri
Sexedulebis mixedviT;
2. TurqeTs garantirebu-
li eqneba baTumis navsadgur-
Si Tavisufali satranzito
moZraoba sxvadasxva tvirTe-
bze, romlebic igzavneba TurqeTSi, an piriqiT, yovelgvari Se-
ferxebis, baJisa da sxvadasxva gadasaxadebis gadaxdis gareSe.
meSvide da merve muxlSi, saubari exeba sasazRvro zonaSi
mcxovrebi moqalaqeebisTvis gamartivebul sasazRvro mimosvlas da
saZovrebze saqonlis Seuferxebel gatarebas orive mxares. sul es
aris. xelSekrulebaSi erTi sityviTac ki ar aris daSvebuli TurqeTis
mier aWaris misakuTrebis raime forma. arc raime pirobaa daTqmuli,
romlis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi TurqeTs ufleba aqvs aWara miierTos.
wyaro: https://www.infoarmy.ge/ge/news/19/yarsis-khelshekrulebis-saiduml
163
„samoqalaqo omad~ Seracxuli intervencia
ruseTis satrapi e.SevardnaZe, cdilobda ra daefara an Se-

eniRba Tavisi saxelmwifoebrivi danaSauli erisa da qveynis winaSe,
dekember-ianvris samxedro-kriminalur gadatrialebas `samoqa-
laqo omad~ racxda. iyo Tu ara 1991-92 w.w. `samoqalaqo omi~ ama-
ze qvemoT visaubrebT, manamde ki mokled SevexebiT gadatrialebis
Semdgom periods.
kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobis umal, mTel saqar-
TveloSi daiwyo xuntis xelisuflebis, anu wiTeli demokratebis
winaaRmdeg saerTo saxalxo ajanyebebi da saprotesto gamosvle-
bi. xuntis liderebi: ioseliani, kitovani, yaryaraSvili xvretdnen
yvela saprotesto mitingebs. ioseliani specialuri gancxadebi-
Tac deklarirebda:
protestma, ZiriTadad, samegrelos mxare moicva. daumorCile-

bloba da mSvidobiani saprotesto gamosvlebi imarTeboda grozno-
dan prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mier, rac motivirebuli iyo
mtris klanWebidan qveynis gamoxsniTa da totaluri erovnuli ka-
tastrofis Tavidan acilebiT. politikuri da SeiaraRebuli dau-
morCileblobis centri gaxda q. zugdidi, romelsac xelmZRvanelob-
da vaxtang (loTi) qobalia. SeiaraRebul daumorCileblobaSi, garda
dasavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleobisa, monawileobdnen meomrebi Tbi-
lisidan, kaspidan, Telavidan, yvarlidan, gurjaanidan, TianeTidan,
mcxeTidan, goridan... saqarTvelos yvela raionidan. saxalxo ajanye-
164
bas xuntisti uzurpatorebi banditur-teroristul dajgufebad
moixseniebdnen, raTa amgvari kvalifikaciiT gaemarTlebinaT egzeku-
ciebi da samxedro laSqrobebi samegrelos mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg.
xunta – ioselianis, yaryaraSvilis, kitovanis SeiaraRebuli ZalebiT
da samoqalaqo dajgufeba `TbiliselebiT~, laSqravda ra samegrelos
raionebs, Tavs esxmoda mSvidobian mosaxleobasac, iWrebodnen sam-
Sobiaro da samkurnalo dawesebulebebSic. isini Zarcvavdnen xalxs,
aupatiurebdnen, uCanagebdnen ojaxur meurneobebs, awamebdnen da
klavdnen ojaxis wevrebs. jaba ioseliani ar malavda siZulvils me-
grelebis mimarT da xmamaRla acxadebda:~megrelebi unda amowyvito
da am miwaze sxvebi daasaxlo!~ ioselianis marjvena xeli, Tadarigis
polkovniki dodo gugeSaSvili, tols ar udebda mamakac mebrZole-
bs samegrelos awiokebasa da dalaSqvraSi. jaba ioselianis gankargu-
lebiT gugeSaSvilma da misma razmma mTlianad gadawves samegrelos
soflebi darCeli da bedia, amoxoces mosaxleobis nawili, ris ga-
moc maT uzenaesma sasamarTlom 1995 wels 10 wliT patimroba miu-
saja. jaba ioseliani da dodo gugeSaSvili, 5 weliwadSi, SevardnaZis
Sewyalebis aqtiT gaTavisufldnen patimrobidan.
samegrelos damsjel operaciebSi, SevardnaZis TxovniT, agre-
Tve monawileobdnen ruseTis jarebi; amierkavkasiis samxedro
olqis 5 vetmfreni, 1992 wlis 6 ivliss Tavs daesxa walenjixis mo-
saxleobas da haeridan dacxrila aRniSnuli sofeli, romlis mo-
saxleoba, SeiaraRebuli winaaRmdegobiT Tavs icavda xuntis agre-
siisagan. SevardnaZem, ruseTis jariTa da `mxedrionis~ bandebiT,
gaaCaRa omi sakuTari mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg maT dasaCoqeblad,
ramac imsxverpla mravali mosaxle, daibomba skolebi, gadaiwva
soflebi. es iyo namdvili sisxliani terori da genocidi samegre-
los mosaxleobisa. `mxedrioni~, garda mkvlelobebisa, Zarcvavda
samegrelos soflebs. samegrelos mosaxleobam daiwyo soflebis
datoveba moxucebiTa da mcirewlovani bavSvebiT.
ruseTis saxelmwifos telekompania òstankino~, dasavleT sa-
qarTveloSi amierkavkasiis jaris monawileobas xsnida lokaluri
konfliqtis daregulirebis aucileblobiT, romlis gamRviveblad
CeCneTSi myof prezident zviad gamsaxurdias asaxelebda. zviad
gamsaxurdia, saprotesto gancxadebebiT pasuxobda kremls samxe-
dro agresiis warmoebisa da dezinformaciebis gavrcelebisaTvis
da moiTxovda samxedro agresiis Sewyvetas.
165
gia Wanturia upatakebda moskovs: `cxeniswyali gadavlaxeT da
male zugdidsac aviRebT~. JurnalistebisaTvis specialurad ga-
marTuli pres-konferencia moskovSi 1992 wlis ianvarSi.
samegrelos egzekuciebSi, ojaxebSi SeWrasa, gaupatiurebasa da
mkvlelobebSi monawileobda Tengiz kitovanis gvardielebic, romlis
wevri gaxldaT kitovanis biZaSvili – valeri (oqro) kitovani,
mcxovrebi TbilisSi, maCablis q. №11-Si. samegrelos omidan dabrune-
buli igi siamovnebiT ikvexnida megrelebis xocvasa da gaupatiurebas.
samegrelos, urjulo gareSe mteriviT mooxrebas, niSnisgebiT
amarTlebda SevardnaZe: `sworia, rom SevediT samegreloSi. es Cven
adre unda gagvekeTebina. yvelam unda miiRos sakadrisi pasuxi,
Cven unda gavanadguroT provinciuli faSizmi da ganvaxorcieleT
kidec. rodesac borot Zalas ebrZvi, zedmetia wuwuni gaupatiure-
baze da msxverplze, me madlobas vuxdi yvelas, vinc am operaciaSi
monawileoba miiRo~.
1992 wlis 6 ivliss `mxedrionelebma~ walenjixis skola-inter-
natze Tavdasxmis dros daxvrites: gulad Rvinjilia, roin dar-
sania, vaxtang qanTaria, nugzar Zvabava, jemal kartozia, biWuna
Sengelia, pavluSa gabedava, goCa lomia da onise Sonia. zugdidis
centrSi dedis Tvalwin daxvrites axalgazrda arqiteqtori goCa
jiqia, romelic dedis erTaderTi Svili gaxldaT.
megreli Saosani dedebi, 1993 weli
166
samegrelos asaklebad Tbilisidan mimavali `mxedrionelebi~
gzad manqanebSi miimRerodnen: `qarTl-kaxeTi, imereTi, guria da
raWa, yvela Cemi samSobloa, samegrelos garda~.
xobis gamgebelma (miliciis generali) Temur gergaiam, „mxe-
drionelebs“, mxatvari vaxtang nodia xobSi Seapyrobina. zviad
gamsaxurdias mxatvruli tilos SeqmnisTvis mas mklavi dauCexes.
nawameb mxatvars ki, Tavad gergaiam, wixli hkra da xobis amomS-
ral auzSi TaviT gadaagdo, sadac mxatvars mowameobrivad aRmox-
da suli.
samegrelos asaklebad (garda `mxedrionelebisa~ da `Tbilise-
lebisa~), prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damxobisa da saqarTve-
lodan gandevnisTanave, daiZra kitovanisa da yaryaraSvilis Se-
naerTebi. yaryaraSvilma, zugdidSi komendantis saaTi gamoacxada.
misi komendantobis dros daxvrites, swored 24 wlis goCa jiqia
moSvebuli wveris gamo. mas Semdeg, yaryaraSvili kidev orjer
Cavida samegreloSi, raTa sabolood miwasTan gaesworebia sameg-
relo. am periodSi vrceldeboda maT mier gadmocemuli informa-
ciebi xuntis televiziiT: àviReT abaSa~, àviReT senaki~, aviReT
xobi~... magram mesame laSqrobis dros, yaryaraSvili tyved aiyva-
nes prezident zviad gamsaxurdias momxreebma. tyve yaryaraSvili,
loTi qobalias mier maleve iqna gaTavisuflebuli.
1993 wlis 18 oqtombers, quTaisis meris Temur SaSiaSvilis
isteriuli moxmobis Sedegad, jaba ioseliani, Tavisi SeiaraRebu-
li `mxedrioniT~ Sevida quTaisSi. Temur SaSiaSvilis isterikebis
mizezi gaxda prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gvardiis gubiswyal-
Tan miaxloeba. mravaljeradi satelevizio gamosvlebiT, SaSiaSvi-
li mouwodebda centralur xelisuflebas quTaisis dacvasa da ga-
magrebas. gubiswyalTan, prezidentis gvardiam ukan daixia, Tumca
saxelisuflo jarebi mainc axorcielebdnen sabrZolo dartyme-
bs samtrediisa da samegrelos mimarTulebiT. gaCnda msxverpli
mSvidobian mosaxleobaSi.
1993 wlis 7 noembers, zugdidSi, Sinagan saqmeTa ministrma SoTa
kviraiam, nasvam mdgomareobaSi, SevardnaZis TandaswrebiT (~mo-
rodiorobis~ cru braldebiT), xelis tyviamfrqveviT daxvrita
miwaze ganrTxmuli eqvsi udanaSaulo axalgazrda (erTi maTgani,
gvarad CaCaniZe gadarCa, magram daWrili CaCaniZe kviraiam, swori
Cvenebis micemis gamo maleve daapatimra da mas 9 wliani patimro-
ba miusajes). es axalgazrdebi(maT Soris, erTi 16 wlis, romelic
167
exveweboda: `me udanaSaulo var, biZia, ar momklao~) sxvadasxva ad-
gilebidan (saxlebidan) gamoiyvanes. maTi sajaro mkvlelobiT, kvi-
raiam, mosaxleobis daSinebis mizniT, zugdidis centrSi saCvenebe-
li daxvreta moawyo. am faqtis gamo deputatma Tornike fifiam,
xmauriani protestiT datova parlamenti; igi 1992-95 w.w. parla-
mentSi, marTalia wereTlis èrovnuli damoukideblobis partiis~
siiT iyo moxvedrili, magram zviadis xelisuflebis samxedro
gadatrialebaSi monawileoba ar miuRia; igi, zviadisa da merabis
yofil TanamebrZolad Tvlida Tavs, Tumca zviadis xelisuflebis
oponenti ki iyo. Tornike fifia gaxldaT Zma saxelmwifo meTau-
ris, SevardnaZis aparatis regionaluri marTvis ufrosis, Temur
fifiasi (Tsu-s leqtori), romelic mkveTrad iyo dapirispirebuli
zviad gamsaxurdiasTan. misi Zmis mier parlamentis protestiT da-
tovebam safrTxe Seuqmna mis Tanamdebobas.
SevardnaZis, aw ukve uSiSroebis ministri SoTa kviraia, 1997
wels kidev erT `skandalSi~ gaexva; igi, gazeT `saqarTvelos~ re-
daqtoris, nodar grigalaSvilis mier, misi satelefono saubre-
bis mosmenebSi iqna mxilebuli, razedac SevardnaZis reaqcia aseTi
iyo: àr arsebobs imaze ufro amazrzeni movlena, vidre satelefo-
no saubrebis mosmenaa~. SevardnaZis amgvarma gancxadebam cxadhyo,
rom kviraia ganwiruli iyo.
uSiSroebis ministr kviraias dasacavad aRdga cnobili wiTeli
inteligencia, romlebmac koleqtiuri weriliT mimarTes Sevard-
naZes, riTac TiToeulma maTganma sajaro TviTlustrireba moax-
dina. kviraias qeba-didebis Semcveli vrceli werilidan, Sevard-
naZisadmi, or amonarids moviyvanT mxolod: `batono prezidento...
am bolo dros presisa da informaciis sxva saSualebebiT xSirad
lanZRaven xelmZRvanel muSakebs. sadReisod mizanSi amoiRes ba-
toni SoTa kviraia~... `Cven migvaCnia, rom batoni SoTa kviraias
winaaRmdeg mimarTuli kampania, rasac udidesi mondomebiTa da
enTuziazmiT ewevian, gamiznulia Cveni saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg...
Seulaxon avtoriteti baton SoTa kviraiasa da mTel saminis-
tros~... gazeT `saqarTvelos respublikaSi~ gamoqveynebul am mi-
marTvas xels aweren:
Wabua amirejibi – mwerali
valeri asaTiani – kulturis ministri
revaz amaSukeli – poeti
kaxi asaTiani – sportisa da turizmis dep.Tav-re
168
vaJa azaraSvili – kompozitori
nani bregvaZe – saq. sax. artisti
natalia burmistrova – saq. sax. artisti
kote maxaraZe – saq. sax. artisti
sofiko Wiaureli – saq. sax. artisti
nodar mgalobliSvili – saq. sax. artisti
guranda gabunia – saq. sax. artisti
arCil sulakauri – mwerali, Jurnal `mnaTobis~ red.
SoTa niSnianiZe – poeti
guram fanjikiZe – mwerali, mweralTa kavSiris Tav-re
ramaz xuroZe – teqnikuri universitetis reqtori
napoleon qarqaSaZe – agraruli universitetis reqtori
ramaz CxikvaZe – saq.sax.artisti
vaxtang sarTania – sulxan-sabas sax.ped.inst. reqtori
n. giorgobiani – somxuri Teatris direqtori
g. paqsaZe – griboedovis Teatris direqtori
giorgi qavTaraZe – griboedovis Teatris samxatvro xelmZR-
vaneli
merab Jordania – fexburTis federaciis prezidenti
daviT yifiani – fexburTelTa er.nakrebis mT. mrwvTneli
jansuR Carkviani – poeti
irakli WumburiZe – kardiologi, akademikosi
kuluarebSi gavrcelebuli informaciiT, SoTa kviraias dasa-
cavi mimarTvis Semdgeneli jansuR Carkviani iyo. jansuRma, ga-
zeTSi gamoqveynebamde, winaswar gaacno teqsti da xelmowerebic
uSiSroebis ministr SoTa kviraias. aki, mweralTa kavSiris wevrTa
Soris Carkvians, transformirebuli saxeliT jansu(R)kiT moixse-
niebdnen, iseve, rogorc meore poet rezos, gvariT ama(S)sukeliT.
sisastike da egzekuciebi ki kidev ufro amZafrebda samegrelos
mosaxleobis siZulvils SevardnaZis xuntisturi xelisuflebis
mimarT. samegrelos ajanyebis paralelurad – kanonieri xelisu-
flebis aRdgenisa da xuntis gadadgomis moTxovniT – saprotesto
masobrivi gamosvlebi imarTeboda saqarTvelos msxvil qalaqebSi:
TbilisSi, gorSi, yvarelSi, rusTavSi, gurjaanSi, TelavSi, quTais-
Si, samtrediaSi, ozurgeTSi, baTumSi, abaSaSi, foTSi, zugdidSi,
soxumSi. mSvidobian saprotesto gamosvlebs yvelgan iaraRiT ax-
Sobda xunta. mitingebis organizatorebs ki apatimrebdnen. xolo,
dapatimrebulTa ojaxis winaaRmdeg axorcielebdnen represieb-
169
sa da terors; maT aTavisuflebdnen samsaxurebidan, arTmevdnen
miwis nakveTebs, devnidnen bazrebidan.
miuxedavad yvelafrisa, qarTveli eri – misi udidesi umravle-
soba ar urigdeboda da ar epueboda SevardnaZis xuntistur-an-
tierovnul xelisuflebas da kvlavac ganagrZobda brZolas kano-
nieri erovnuli xelisuflebis aRdgenisTvis. 1992-93 w.w. ajanyeba
da masobrivi saprotesto gamosvlebi, sabolood, sisxlSi iqna
CaxSobili. qveyanaSi gaCndnen samxedro tyveebi da politpatimre-
bi, romlebsac, SevardnaZis represiuli reJimi cixeebSi awamebda.
zogierT maTgans cixeebSi wamebiT amoxades suli. xolo, moklul
patimrebs ki ojaxebs im pirobiT atandnen, Tu mdumared da maleve
damarxavdnen patronebi.
rodesac realuri gaxda safrTxe afxazeTis saqarTvelos Se-
madgenlobidan mowyvetisa da СНГ-Si SeyvaniT saqarTvelos sruli
damoukideblobis dakargvis, 1993 wlis 24 seqtembers, prezidenti
zviad gamsaxurdia, saqarTveloSi dabrunda. kremlisaTvis Zneli
misaxvedri ar iyo zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTveloSi dabrunebis
mizani.
am faqtiT SeSfoTebulma kremlma gaaZliera samxedro daxmare-
ba SevardnaZis xelisuflebisaTvis. SeSfoTebulma vaSingtonma
saxelmwifo mdivani qristoferi saswrafod da sagangebod afri-
na moskovSi, raTa mieRoT garantia, rom ruseTis armia namdvilad
daicavda SevardnaZes. amerikeli golci wers: `me davukavSirdi
Tbiliss da maqvs informacia, rom rusuli jarebi, araTu Sevidnen,
aramed uteven kidevac tankebiT gamsaxurdias momxreebs~.
saqarTvelos devnili premier-ministri besarion guguSvili
gazeT àliasTvis~ micemul interviuSi vrclad ganixilavs ra
`samoqalaqo omisa~ da prezident gamsaxurdias dabrunebis Temas,
dawvrilebiT CamoTvlis, Tu ra simZlavris rusuli SenaerTebi
utevdnen maT: ès iyo ruseTisa da ukrainis gaerTianebuli samxe-
dro floti admiral baltinis meTaurobiT: sami fregati – flo-
tis flagmani òlSanski~, `kunikovi~ da `69~; ori moieriSe – `pit-
lovi~ da `sderJanni~, ori èsmineci~ da sami sadesanto xomaldi...
saintervencio flotis sadesanto xomaldebma foTsa da anakliaSi
gadmosxes 40 erTeuli javSanteqnikiT gaZlierebuli sazRvao qvei-
Ti jaris ori batalioni... gadmosrolili iyo 40-mde uaxlesi mZime
teqnika saqarTveloSi ganlagebuli ruseTis samxedro bazebidan.
170
samxedro taqtikur operaciebs ki axorcielebda ruseTidan avia-
ciis desantirebuli `ZerJinskis diviziis~ polki 1200 mebrZoliT.
samxedro operaciebSi... monawileobda, agreTve somxeTic~.
zviad gamsaxurdiasa da misi momxreebis gasanadgureblad ru-
seTis samxedro daxmarebas mowmobs jaba ioselianic, rom soxumis
Cabarebis Semdeg SevardnaZe, vice-premier avTandil margianTan
da mTel ministrebTan erTad Cadis quTaisSi, sadac xvdeba rus
admiral eduard baltins, uTanxmdeba, rom baltini foTSi Semoiy-
vans samxedro gemebs. SevardnaZe saqmian urTierTobebs amyarebs
rusebTan, ukrainelebTan, somxebTan. rusebi hpirdebian, rom mis-
cemen tankebs Tavisi ekipaJebiT. mobilizacias ukeTebs yvela uwy-
ebis xelmZRvanels da ayenebs lozungs `yvelaferi omisaTvis!~ rac
gulisxmobs oms zviad gamsaxurdiasa da misi mTavrobis winaaRmdeg,
vinaidan, afxazeTis omi, am droisaTvis damTavrebuli iyo.
2002 wels presisTvis micemul interviuSi eduard baltini
ixsenebs: `...sevastopolSi gamoCnda SevardnaZis ndobiT aRWurvili
piri leonardo devdariani, romelmac gamsaxurdiasagan saqarTve-
los gaTavisufleba iTxova... vurekav leonid kravCuks (ukrainis
maSindeli prezidenti)... vicodi, rom elcins ver davurekavdi,
amitomac pataki pavle graCovs Cavabare... armadiT gamovcxaddi
4 noembers foTSi... 30 wuTSi davikaveT foTi... zviadistebi dab-
neuli iyvnen da garbodnen... Semdeg javSanteqnika SeiWra senakis
aeroportSi. erT kviraSi mivediT enguramde. sadac SevdiodiT,
yvelgan SevardnaZis xelisufleba cxaddeboda... Zalian dagvexmara
qarTuli televizia da radio... isini mosaxleobas morCilebisaken
mouwodebdnen... me mTxovdnen mivsuliyavi quTaisSi, TbilisSi, ma-
gram xom ar SemeZlo arasanqcirebulad meoma mTel kavkasiaSi?...
maSindeli Cveni xelisuflebis survili rom yofiliyo, foTi mT-
lianad Cveni gaxdeboda... qarTvelebi pirdapir mabarebdnen foTs
da iTxovdnen, rom iq floti mudmivi bazirebiT dabrunebuliyo.
SevardnaZem oTxi oTxmocbiniani sacxovrebeli korpusi miCvena...
raTa iq oficrebi da miCmanebi Casaxlebuliyvnen...~
cnobili qarTveli moWadrake nona gafrindaSvili, sxvadasxva ga-
zeTebSi(`saerTo gazeTi~, àsaval-dasavali~, `qronika~), mxilebul iqna
admiral baltinTan TanamSromlobaSi da fulad garigebaSi prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg. kerZod, rom swored nona gafrin-
daSvilma, e. SevardnaZis davalebiT Cautana foTSi baltins 250 mi-
171
lioni dolari 1993 wlis oqtombers zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg
sabrZolvelad. pirvel amgvari publikaciis avtors, mweral nodar ko-
beriZes, gafrindaSvili, `ciliswamebisaTvis~ sasamarTloTi daemuqra,
risTvisac man advokatad arCil kbilaSvili (SemdgomSi òcnebis~
prokurori) daiqirava, magram kbilaSvilsa da nodar koberiZes Soris
saubris Semdgom isini iZulebuli gaxdnen uari eTqvaT sasamarTloSi
uperspeqtivo davaze da es mxolod sagazeTo muqarad darCa.
axla – mokled isic naTelvyoT, Tu ratom iyo preziden-
ti zviad gamsaxurdia ruseT-amerikisaTvis esoden miuRebeli.
Tumca, aSS-s kongresSi arsebobda senator jon mak-keinis jgufi,
romlebic solidaruli iyvnen zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT. vaSing-
tonis kapitoliumze maT, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo droSac ki aR-
marTes, prezident gamsaxurdias mxardasaWerad.
1989 wlis 2-3 dekembris maltis saidumlo paqtiT aSS-s prezidenti
jorj buSi (ufrosi) da ssrk-s umaRlesi xelisufali mixeil gorba-
Covi garigdnen ra àxali msoflio wesrigis~ SemoRebaze, SeTanxmd-
nen: ssrk-s mxridan aRmosavleT evropis teritoriebis daTmobis sa-
nacvlod, damoukideblobis mosurne respublikebis mimarT, kremlis
mxridan samxedro Zalis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, amerika ar Caereo-
da. amerikas, cxadia, rom Cveuli Zveli inerciiT ufro eadvileboda
erTian sabWoTa saxelmwifosTan diplomatiuri urTierToba, vidre
sruliad axal politikur realobasTan Segueba – 14 damoukidebel
saxelmwifo erTeulTan, diplomatiuri kavSirebi, cal-calke. yove-
live aqedan gamomdinare, kievSi vizitisas, ufrosma jorj buSma Riad
da daufaravad ganacxada, rom àmerikelebi mxars ar dauWeren maT,
visac surT damoukidebloba!~ sakuTriv zviad gamsaxurdias ki aseTi
Sefaseba misca: ès aris kaci, romelic micuravs dinebis sawinaaR-
mdegod... is unda mihyves dinebas da gaigos, ra xdeba msoflioSi~.
anu, pirdapir miuTiTa erTgvarovani àxali msoflio wesrigisken~,
romelsac, sworedac rom, Tavisi msoflmxedvelobiTa da ideur-po-
litikuri mrwamsiT medgrad upirispirdebodnen zviad gamsaxurdia
da merab kostava, Tavisuflebismosurne qarTvel erTan erTad. es
ki aSfoTebda da aRelvebda moskovsa da vaSingtons. niSandoblivi
da metyveli faqtia, rom ufrosi jorj buSi erTaderTi preziden-
ti iyo, amerikisa da msoflio prezidentTagan, romelsac warsulSi
(1976 wels) cereu-s direqtoris maRali Tanamdeboba ekava.... amadac
– `Tu saqarTvelo gava sabWoTa kavSiridan – igi gava afxazeTisa
172
da samxreT oseTis gareSe!~ – ismoda gorbaCovis muqara-verdiqtic
urCi prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias misamarTiT.
amerikis moqalaqe 1971 wli-
dan, indianas Statis universite-
tis profesori dodona kiziria
askvnis, rom: "ruseTisaTvis da
amerikisTvis mTavari xelisSemSle-
li garemoeba gaxldaT qarTvelTa
udidesi erTsulovneba erovnuli
ideis, qveynis damoukideblobisa
da erovnuli aRorZinebis irgvliv.
saWiro iyo am ideis Cakvla, sazo-
gadoebis gaxleCa... saWiro iyo qarTveli eri moecva srul sa-
sowarkveTas, anu Tavs unda datydomoda iseTi tragedia, romelic
sabolood gatexda mis suliskveTebas. es tragediac male movida
jer Tbilisis, Semdeg afxazeTis omebis saxiT, romelmac Seiwira
qarTvelebis sulieri, zneobrivi, fizikuri energia da resursi".
am strategiuli gegmis realizaciisaTvis, im periodis amerikis
SeerTebuli Statebis politikur istebliSmentsa da ruseTs, sa-
qarTveloSi sWirdeboda iseTi sasurveli saxelmwifo meTauris
dasma, rogoric iyo e. SevardnaZe.
da ai, 1992 wlis 7 marts SevardnaZe dafrinda Tbilisis aero-
portSi, romelsac Tan axldnen, moskovSi, SevardnaZis Camoyvanis
sagangebo misiiT mivlinebuli Jurnalisti valeri kvaracxelia da
advokati qarTlos RaribaSvili. SevardnaZes aeroportSi pirgaba-
druli daxvdnen: sofiko Wiaureli, kote maxaraZe, giga lorTqi-
faniZe, goga xaindrava, oTar meRvineTuxucesi, merab kokoCaSvi-
li, gogi qavTaraZe, rezo CxeiZe, eldar Sengelaia, grigol
oniani, nodar lomouri, levan sanikiZe, roman gvencaZe, Tengiz
epitaSvili (sabWoTa kavSiris saxelmwifo uSiSroebis komitetis
oficeri, SemdgomSi – SevardnaZis saqarTvelos sasazRvro jare-
bis mTavari Stabis ufrosi), jaba ioseliani, gia Wanturia, avTan-
dil margiani, kote gabaSvili, vaJa adamia, jansuR Carkviani...
swored maT mimarTa SevardnaZem aeroportSi madlobis sityviT:
`madloba inteligencias, romelic gamofxizlda, marTalia gvian
da mixvda... da iaraRi aiRo xelSi diqtaturis dasamxobad~.
SevardnaZis madlierebas mogvianebiT gamoexmaura mwerali rezo
miSvelaZe, romelmac daadastura, rom inteligencias da zogierT
173
mwerals iaraRi eWira zviadis dasamxobado: `batoni eduardi mar-
Tali iyo imaSi, rom ramdenime inteligentma marTlac aiRo xelSi
iaraRi... rusTavelis prospeqtze, siguasa da kitovanis gverdiT,
ramdenime mwerali imyofeboda da erTad uSendnen cecxls parla-
mentis Senobas da saqarTvelos prezidents... zogierTma mwerlu-
kam es faqti TviTonve aRiara~. Tavad rezo miSvelaZes, prezident
zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi, dasawyisSi, neitraluri pozicia ekava da
xmas ar uwyobda `revolucioner~ mwerlebs, magram rodesac samxe-
dro gadatrialebam piks miaRwia, igic SeuerTda maT rigebs zvia-
dis misamarTiT `diqtator-satanas~ ZaxiliT.
1991 wlis 16 oqtombers, dilis 3 saaTze, mweralTa kavSiris
sasaxles avtomatis tyviebi dauSines `mxedrionelebma~, rac misi
Tavmjdomaris muxran maWavarianis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli qmedeba
iyo. 1991 wlis 19 oqtombers, opozicionerma mwerlebma, londonSi
mimarTva gaugzavnes saerTaSoriso pen-klubis prezidents d. kon-
rads, romelSic isini Txovdnen mas, miiRon qarTveli mwerlebi
mweralTa saerTaSoriso SemadgenlobaSi, radgan `Cvens qveyanaSi
dramatuli movlenebi xdeba. qarTvel mweralTa erTguleba de-
mokratiis idealebisadmi sastik devnas ganicdis~.
mimarTvas xels awerdnen:
Wabua amirejibi jemal qarCxaZe

grigol abaSiZe laSa TabukaSvili
daTo maRraZe guram gegeSiZe
jansuR Carkviani guram doCanaSvili
moris focxiSvili irakli abaSiZe
gigi sulakauri Tengiz buaCiZe
vaJa gigaSvili Tamaz wivwivaZe
irakli samsonaZe guram fanjikiZe
arCil sulakauri koba imedaSvili
nugzar SataiZe rezo amaSukeli
Tamaz kvaWantiraZe roman miminoSvili
akaki vasaZe
174
qvemoT ixileT am `saxelovan~ mweralTa teqsti faqsimileebiT
gazeT `literaturul saqarTveloSi~.
175
sabWoTa nomenklaturulma mweralma rezo amaSukelma, 1978
wels, gazeT àxalgazrda komunistSi~, merab kostavasa da zviad
gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg statia, saTauriT `Ramurebi~ gamoaqveyna,
raSic igi guliswyromas gamoxatavda disidentebis mimarT:
`kostava da gamsaxurdia, socialistur samSoblos lanZRaven
radio àmerikis xmasa~ da `TavisuflebaSi~o.
amaSukelis am paskvils, disidentebma, disidentur JurnalSi
leqsiT upasuxes:
`sxvis samrekloze Sekidulo, marTlac, Ramura,
Surma da mtrobam Seni guli sul mTlad gamura,
amxanagebi daabezRe mdivnobis eSxiT,
mag savarZelSi dRes ixrwneba eg Seni leSi!
gegona leqsi gqonda gulis amaCuyeli,
gmobs Sens saqciels yvela naRdi amaSukeli!~
disidentebis mier rezo amaSukelisadmi 1978 wels `miZRvnili~
es leqsi pirvelad gamoaqveyna `niupostma~ 2017 wlis 15 agvistos.
am „saxelovanma“ mwerlebma, 1992 wlis ivlisSi, gancxadebiT,
kidev erTxel mimarTes saerTaSoriso pen-klubs, romlebsac am-
cnobdnen: „...saqarTvelodan gaZevebul eqsprezident gamsaxurdias
bralad edeba aramarto xelisuflebis uzurpacia, samoqalaqo omis
gaCaRebis mcdeloba, aramed xazinis qurdobac, milionobT Tanxis,
maT Soris ucxouri valutis miTviseba. misi xelmZRvanelobiT
xorcieldeba diversiuli aqtebi – xidebis, gvirabebis afeTqeba,
liandagebis ayra, gzebis blokireba... gamsaxurdiasa da mis momxre-
Ta xeliT xorcieldeba teroristuli aqtebic. gansakuTrebiT aR-
maSfoTebelia ukanasknel dReebSi... adamianis uflebaTa dacvis
saxelmwifo komitetis Tavmjdomaris baton sandro kavsaZis daty-
veveba...“
sandro kavsaZis e.w. datyveveba gaaprotesta agreTve, zvia-
dis erovnuli xelisuflebis opozicionerma, fsevdo-erovnulma
giorgi kervaliSvilmac (ix. misi gancxadebis skaneri gaz. – saqar-
Tvelos respublika“, 17 ivlisi, 1992 w.).
176
saxelmwifo televiziaSi, kitovanis gvardielebsa da gela lan-
CavasTan erTad (agreTve, Salva naTelaSvili), SeiWrnen `demokra-
ti~ revolucioneri mwerlebi: Wabua amirejibi, jansuR Carkviani,
Tamaz wivwivaZe, guram fanjikiZe, levan Rvinjilia, daviT mWe-
dluri, guram gegeSiZe, jumber TiTmeria, mixeil qurdianis `de-
mografiuli sazogadoebis~ aqtivisti ilia begiaSvili (poeti).
mwerlebis agresiis gamo, mweralTa kavSiris Senobaze gaCn-
da warwera `saqarTvelos moZuleTa kavSiri~, xolo mogvianebiT
amgvari mwerlebi samarcxvino boZzec iqnen gakrulni, mozrdili,
Tumca arasruli siiT (ix. fotoebi). gamotanil iqna plakatebi war-
weriT: `zizRi, ZmaTamkvlel omis wamqezebel vai-mwerlebs!~ da sxv.
es iyo sityvieri amboxi mkiTxvelebisa maTi sayvareli mwerlebis
winaaRmdeg, rameTu erTbaSad gaqra is Saravandedi, romelic emo-
sa am cnobil mwerlebs. gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac uSiSroebis
ministrma igor giorgaZem TavisTan Sexvedraze miiwvia mweralTa
didi jgufi, romlis saTaveSi, cnobili poeti, murman lebaniZe
177
gaxldaT. axalgazrdobaSi milicielad namuSevari. iq ki didxans
esaubrnen maT, saubris Sinaarsi sazogadoebisaTvis ucnobi darCa.
am saidumlo Sexvedram maleve hpova gamoZaxili maT qmedebebSi;
uSiSroebis mier dainstruqtaJebuli samkaciani jgufebi midiod-
nen warmoeba-dawesebulebebSi, umaRles saswavleblebSi, skolebSi
da eweodnen SevardnaZis xelisuflebis propagandas, aZagebdnen
damxobil prezidents, amarTlebdnen samxedro gadatrialebas da
TviT manifestaciebis daxvretebsac, egzekuciebsac saqarTvelos
sxvadasxva qalaqebsa Tu raionebSi, gansakuTrebiT ki, samegrelo-
Si. es SevardnaZis karis mwerlebi gamodiodnen radioTi, televi-
ziiT da mTel aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleobas samegrelos
winaaRmdeg galaSqrebisaken mouwodebdnen. murman lebaniZem, meg-
relTmoZuleobiT, Tavi leqsebiTac ki gamoiCina.
murman lebaniZem, megrelT-fobiobiT, cotne dadiansac ki
(„..dadiani cotne, kaci patiosani da saTnoebiani da brZolaTa
Sina saxelovani...“ – JamTaRmwereli) anTxia gesli am Tavis leqsSi:
cotne – gamyidvels
xom ar wamoxval Sen CvenTan omSi?
iq, Cven tablasTan, anazdad gkiTxes,
fuh, agverie kambeCi lomSi da...
Cvens saZmoSi CagricxeT im dRes.
kacad gicaniT gagnaTleT tomSi,
gatexe puri, aswie Wiqac.
marTali iyo erTi spa orSi.
Sen – kuds iqnevdi aqac da iqac.
sveli gaqvs lanCa siglaxis tborSi, -
sxvagvarad midis: aw Seni gzebi
iudas vercxli mogarTves xonCiT,
Sua Camodis mdinare – movrCiT,
Catexilia burjebi xidis!
murman lebaniZe
1992 wlis 25 marts, Wadrakis sasaxleSi Catarebulma mweralTa

yrilobam, mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomareobidan gadaayena muxran
maWavariani. mkiTxvelebma, Wadrakis sasaxlis parkSi, protestis niSnad
dawves gadatrialebaSi monawile mwerlebis wignebi. goga xaindravam,
178
dasawvavad mitanil wignebSi, veraguli ganzraxviT Cado `vefxistyao-
sanic~ da male provokaciuli xmauri atexa `momxdar faqtze~.
komunisti mwerlebi srul mxar-
daWeras ucxadebdnen eduard Se-
vardnaZes. guram fanjikiZe, Tamaz
wivwivaZe, koba imedaSvili, revaz
jafariZe, iza orjonikiZe, jumber
TiTmeria, elguja maRraZe... kidev
ufro mZafri represiebisaken
mouwodebdnen SevardnaZes zviadis
momxreTa winaaRmdeg. amgvari
mtruli damokidebulebis gamo,
cnobili mwerlebis, msaxiobebisa
da mecnierebis mimarT xalxSi
gaCnda agresia da isini, mravali
wlis ganmavlobaSi, quCaSi Tavisu-
flad siaruls ufrTxodnen, raTa
patrioti Tanamemamuleebisagan
`moRalate~ da `sisxlianis~ epiTetebi ar mieRoT. mwerlebma da
kulturis muSakebma, rom TiTqmis srulad dakarges xalxis siyva-
ruli da avtoriteti, yvelaze naTlad vlindeboda maTi gar-
dacvalebis dReebSi, roca maT cxedars, panTeonamde, mxolod
ojaxis wevrebi da axloblebi miacilebdnen; akaki baqraZis, murman
lebaniZis, kita buaCiZis da kote maxaraZis kubos sul ramdenime
aTeuli adamiani mihyveboda...
179
jansuR Rvinjilias, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, didi
amagi dasdo – saxelmwifo biujetis dafinansebiT sazRvargareT
gaamgzavra gulis mZime operaciis gasakeTeblad da roca moRo-
nierda, isic xuntis mwerlebis avangardSi Cadga...
revaz jafariZe, 1977 wels, zviadis mweralTa kavSiridan ga-
ricxvas kenWisyris gareSe, daCqarebuli wesiT iTxovda.
jansuR Carkvianma, zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTveloSi Camosve-
nebisa da mTawmindaze dakrZalvis Semdgom, televiziebiT daiwyo
farisevluri kvexna, rom TiTqos man, erTaderTma ar dauWira mxa-
ri 1977 wlis 1 aprils, saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris prezidiu-
mis sxdomaze, zviad gamsaxurdias mweralTa kavSiridan garicxvas.
sinamdvileSi ki igi am sxdomas saerTod ar eswreboda im `sapatio~
mizeziT, rom moskovSi brZandeboda. Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-
sitetis profesor soso siguas TqmiT, zviadis mweralTa kavSiri-
dan garicxvis sxdomas, prezidiumis wevrebidan, agreTve, sapatio
mizeziT, ar eswreboda muxran maWavarianic. imis dasturad, rom
Carkviani saerTod ar eswreboda am samsjavro sxdomas, mogvyavs
vaxtang gurgeniZis mier 1996 wels presaSi gamoqveynebuli mwe-
ralTa kavSiris xsenebuli sxdomis stenografiuli angariSi, sa-
dac aranairad ar figurirebs da arc ixsenieba jansuR Carkviani.
vnaxoT am sxdomis daskvniTi nawili;
180
sxdomis Tavmjdomare grigol abaSiZe: `vin aris momxre gai-
ricxos, gTxovT aswioT xeli. gTxovT dauSvaT. vin aris winaaR-
mdegi? aravin (xazgasma Cemia – l.c.). Tavi vin Seikava? aravin
(xazgasma aqac Cemia – l.c.). maSasadame, gadawyvetileba miRebulia
erTxmad (xazgasma aqac Cemia – l.c.).
is miTic, rom, TiTqos, jansuRma Segnebulad aarida Tavi zvia-
dis mweralTa kavSiridan garicxvis sxdomas da ar daeswro, amis
pasuxad kvlav baton soso siguas moviSveliebT: `maSin mweralTa
kavSiris prezidiumis wevrebis mxridan sxdomaze ar daswreba, sapa-
tio mizezis gareSe, Tanamdebobis dakargvas niSnavda~.
ase, rom, es miTic, Carkvianebis mieraa SeTxzuli.
samwuxaroa, rom kolaboracionisti mwerlebis mxares, putCis
dReebSi, mwerali da reJisori goderZi Coxelic aRmoCnda, ma-
gram mogvianebiT man wrfeli wuxiliT moinania Tavisi Secdoma:~...
zviads, marTlac urwmuno, araqristiani qarTvelebi eomebodnen.
zviads, rogori Secdomac unda daeSva, mxari mainc unda dagveWira,
Cven ki urwmunod moviqeciT~, Tqva goderZi Coxelma Jurnal `sar-
kisTvis~ micemul interviuSi da zviadis gardacvalebis Sesaxeb wi-
naswari xilvebic gaixsena.
cxadia, iyvnen mwerlebi, romlebic aqtiurad uWerdnen mxars
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriv damoukideblobasa da Tavisufle-
bas, saqarTvelos suverenitetis garants prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias erovnul xelisuflebas:
muxran maWavariani nomadi barTaia

aleqsandre baramiZe maka joxaZe
akaki surgulaZe givi ZnelaZe
sargis caiSvili berdia beriaSvili (mokles)
elizbar javeliZe oTar SalamberiZe
soso sigua badri guguSvili (Tavi
nodar wuleiskiri moikla)
oTar CxeiZe TinaTin mRvdliaSvili
Temur qoriZe eka bJalava
guram petriaSvili leila mesxi
sergei serebriakovi dilar ivardava
bela SalvaSvili amiran kalaZe (mokles)
nodar jalaRonia vaJa xornauli
181
enver niJaraZe jemal davlianiZe
apolon adonia mixeil CaCua
mixeil CaCua TamTa cecaZe
Temur CalabaSvili merab metreveli
mixeil RaniSaSvili merab elioziSvili
marina xmalaZe omar goCelaSvili...
edem kvirtia
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias msasoebe-

li gaxldaT sruliad axalgazrda poeti
tato (rati) ninuac. parlamentis gverdiT
mdebare pirveli klasikuri gimnaziis
moswavle tato, aqtiurad CaerTo 9 aprili-
sa da Semdgom agorebul erovnul-ganmaTa-
visuflebel moZraobaSi da zviadsa da me-
rabs leqsebic uZRvna. tato ninuam Zalzed
mtkivneulad ganicada prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias damxoba, klasikuri gimnaziisa da parlamentis Seno-
bis gadawva, rasac mZafri leqsi uZRvna saTauriT `gadamwvari
Rrublebi~. am leqsSi, Seqmnili politikuri viTareba, asocirebu-
lia ilias ideur mkvlelobasTan, xolo zviadis axalwlis Ramis
mkvlelobas ki amgvarad gamoexmaura igi: `yovel axal wels Cems
naZvis xeze saTamaSoebs Soris erTi hkidia cremli~. tato ninuam,
23 wlis asakSi, universitetis erT-erT auditoriaSi TviTmkvle-
lobiT daasrula sicocxle, uimedobiT Sepyrobilma TofiT
moiswrafa Jami da datova didebuli leqsebis wigni 9 aprilsa da
samSobloze, siyvarulze.
erTad wavikiTxoT tato (rati) ninuaseuli 9 aprilis mxatvru-
li gaazreba:
`gamxdari quCa wylian Tvalebs xmauriT axels,
qalaqs svel mklavze asvenia zecis simSvide,
Cumi tkiviliT imeorebs aprilis saxels
da TeTr suls uwvdis asakenkad patara Citebs...~
xolo, Tu rogor ganicada man prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxoba, naTlad Cans mis am leqsSic:
182
gadamwvari Rrublebi
guSin meored mokles ilia,
mokles ilia kedlebTan, sadac
is gaizarda da gailia
lamprad, sanTelad, sakmevlad, dardad...
mas gaugmires meored Subli,
mas ganivTebuls sxeulSi Zeglis,
is idga skolis – gadamwvar Rrublis
fonze da elda, viT wveri eklis
guls uCxvletavda elvebis qufriT.
Sesarigeblad is Cadga Sua –
axla yoveli qarTlis Svilia –
SublSi esroles mas da qaSueTs,
meored mokles guSin ilia...
Zegli bednier ufliswulisa
SemoiZarcva kvarcxlbekze mdgari,
RaRadebs oden ferfli gulisa,
reks samreklodan mamulis zari:
daizrdebian lekvebi algeTs,
isev aRdgeba iverT dideba,
amayi sisxli arwivis marTves
amay ZarRvebSi auyivdeba...
kvlav ixmianebs rusTvelis suli,
da gagmiruli ilias qnari,
galaktioni – camde asuli,
bubuni vaJas mTisa da xaris.
mzeWabukni da amiranebi,
damwvarni qarTlis amomaval mziT,
RvTiur mironSi ganabanebi
ers gaaTboben cecxliT anagziT.
da eRirseba wyaloba uflis
xalxs, visac ase umRera SoTam,
ilias ekliT mosili Subli
gadagvatarebs mZime golgoTas...
1991 w. 22 dekemberi – 1992 wlis 10 ianvari.
axalgazrda poet tato (rati) ninuas merab kostavasTvisac
miZRvnili aqvs leqsi.
10 marts SevardnaZe mivida universitetSi student axalga-
zrdobasTan Sesaxvedrad, magram mas sityvis Tqmis SesaZleblo-
ba ar misces aqtiurma studentebma goCa kelenjeriZem da sxvam.
183
goCa kelenjeriZes darbazidan mikrofoniT, SevardnaZis sasarge-
blod, cxare oponireba gauwia studentma giorgi maisuraZem da
sxv. giorgi maisuraZis gamosvlaSi imTaviTve gamomJRavnda zizRi
da miuRebloba yovelgvari erovnuli faseulobebisa da marTl-
madideblobisadmic. profesori Tengiz kikaCeiSvili tribunaze
avida da SevardnaZes mRelvare protestiT mimarTa: `sadac Tqven
xarT, iq Cemi adgili ar aris~ da datova darbazi. xmauriani Sexve-
dra CaiSala da reqtoratma SevardnaZe dacviT gaiyvana Tsu-dan.
studentebTan Sexvedris kraxis Semdgom, SevardnaZes erTi
Tve dasWirda, raTa ganexorcielebina sxva Sexvedrebi da igi 10
aprils mweralTa kavSirSi mivida. iq mas daxvdnen nomenklaturu-
li mwerlebi, romlebmac Tanadgoma aRuTqves mas. rezo jafariZem,
koba imedaSvilma, Tamaz wivwivaZem... mosTxoves SevardnaZes
saxelmwifo sabWos ufro efeqturi moqmedeba da komendantis sa-
aTis gagrZeleba, razedac siamovnebiT daTanxmda SevardnaZe. sate-
levizio mimarTviT igive moiTxova akaki baqraZemac; komendantis
saaTis gagrZeleba ki niSnavda kanonieri xelisuflebis momxreTa
mitingebis SeiaraRebuli gziT aRkveTas...
SevardnaZis CamosvlisTanave Seiqmna e.w. saxelmwifo sabWo
eduard SevardnaZis, Tengiz kitovanis, jaba ioselianisa da Ten-
giz siguas SemadgenlobiT, romlebmac daiwyes saxelmwifo qonebis
xarbad Zarcva; Tengiz sigua Tavad iqca `privatizaciis~ kanonSe-
moqmedad (rasac xalxma umal uwoda `prixvatizacia~) da seriuli
dadgenilebebis gamocemiT mizerul fasad gayida mravalmilionia-
ni sawarmo-dawesebulebebi da qarxnebi; ase.magaliTad: 1992 wlis
30 aprils, Tengiz siguas `mTavrobam~ miiRo dadgenileba №482
`saxelmwifo gaerTianeba `saqkurortmSenis~ saqarTvelos respu-
blikis arqiteqturisa da mSeneblobis saqmeTa saministrosTvis
gadacemis Sesaxeb~. amgvari dadgenilebebiT, putCistebisaTvis,
mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT, yvela saxelmwifo dawesebulebis,
organizaciebisa da qarxnebis kari gaixsna legaluri yaCaRobisa-
Tvis. 1998 wlis 15 ivliss, saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarT-
lom aRniSnuli dadgenileba arakonstituciurad gamoacxada, ma-
gram am dadgenilebas Tavisi Savi saqme ukve Sesrulebuli hqonda;
saqarTvelo da misi mosaxleoba siRatakis ufskrulSi Cavarda,
romlidanac amoyvana, arcerT post-SevardnaZistul xelisufle-
bas ar ucdia, aramed, inerciiT gaagrZeles.
184
qveyanaSi daiwyo, lukma-puris maZiebelTa aqtiuri Sida da
sazRvargareT migraciis katastrofuli procesi.
saqarTveloSi CamonergvisTanave, SevardnaZe, agreTve Seudga
qveynis teritoriuli mTlianobis forsirebul rRvevas. am mizniT,
cxinvalis mimarTulebiT, SevardnaZis gankargulebiT moxda umux-
to Wurvebis zarbaznebiT gasrola. am provokaciul gasrolebs
(rogorc mosalodneli iyo) konfliqtis zonaSi mohyva SeiaraRe-
buli dapirispirebis eskalacia. SeiaraRebuli dapirispirebis Ca-
saqrobad ki, SevardnaZem, daxmareba ruseTs Txova. am mizniT, 1992
wlis 24 ivniss daigegma oTxmxrivi oficialuri Sexvedra dago-
misSi, romelsac eswrebodnen e.w. samxreT oseTisa da CrdiloeT
oseTis umaRlesi xelisufalni. am oTxmxriv Sexvedraze, Sevard-
naZe moRalaturad gaurigda elcins cxinvalis regionSi rusi
`samSvidoboebis~ Semoyvanasa da maTi meSveobiT e.w. `samSvidobo
derefnis~ Seqmnis Taobaze. dagomisis am xelSekrulebis safuZvel-
ze 14 ivliss ruseTis `samSvidobo jarebi~ Sevidnen cxinvalis re-
gionSi da Seiqmna e.w. `samSvidobo derefani~.
dagomisis am xelSekrulebiT, SevardnaZem, Sida qarTli faqto-
brivad uomrad mowyvita saqarTvelos. Tumca, im droisTvis, qar-
Tulma gvardiam am mxaris qarTul mosaxleobasTan erTad, rusi
`mSvidobismyofelebis~ Semosvlamde ukve SeZlo osTa SeiaraRe-
buli winaaRmdegobis daZleva – cxinvalis gaTavisufleba osi
eqstremistebisagan da mTels mxareSi konfliqtamdeli wesrigis
aRdgena; SevardnaZem ganaiaraRa qarTuli gvardia da qarTuli mo-
saxleobac. am viTarebiT isargebles osma eqstremistebma da maT
ieriSi miitanes ganiaraRebul qarTvelebze, romelTa nawili ul-
moblad daxoces, xolo gadarCenilebi ki srulad gamodevnes.
Sida qarTlis saqarTvelos Semadgenlobidan mowyvetisTanave,
jeri afxazeTis avtonomiaze midga; TvenaxevarSi, SevardnaZem,
igive mizniT wamoiwyo avantiuristuli omi afxazebTan, rac,
erT weliwadSi afxazeTis CabarebiT daasrula. Sida qarTlisa
da afxazeTis avantiura, garda teritoriuli mowyvetisa, miznad
isaxavda, agreTve qarTuli genofondis mniSvnelovnad Semcire-
basac. eqvsjeradi laSqroba samegreloSic qarTvelTa genocidis
gegmiuri nawili gaxldaT.
SevardnaZis moRalaturi gegmiT, TiTqmis aRar vrceldebo-
da saqarTvelos iurisdiqcia aWaraSi, samcxe-javaxeTsa da qvemo
185
qarTlSic. saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis daSla-daquc-
macebis winaswarSemuSavebul gegmaze metyvelebs SevardnaZis ze-
moxsenebuli saidumlo werili moskovSi saqarTvelos elCis vaJa
lorTqifaniZisadmi: `rac Seexeba baTumis, galisa da kodoris
sakiTxebi ganvixiloT ufro gvian, mas Semdeg, rac avtonomiebSi
saprezidento arCevnebi Catardeba. Cven iZulebuli viqnebiT for-
malurad uaryofiTi reagireba movaxdinoT am faqtebze, sinamd-
vileSi ki igi gardauvalia... aseTia Cveni pozicia, gamomdinare
`germanuli~ variantidan~.
saqarTvelos erovnuli prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, mraval-
jeradi mimarTvebiT, amaod cdilobda miepyro msoflios saxelmwi-
foebisa Tu mTavrobebis yuradReba saqarTveloSi mimdinare anti-
saxelmwifoebriv da ukanono procesebze. maTi mxridan ki adgili
hqonda srul wayruebas saqarTvelos damoukidebeli respublikis
problemebisadmi, riTac aSkarad gamoikveTa amerikisa da gaeros
mxardaWera ruseTis imperialisturi politikisadmi.
Cvens mier zemoaRwerili viTareba cxadhyofs, rom saqarTve-
loSi 1991-93 wlebSi araviTari `samoqalaqo omi~ ar yofila, ara-
med iyo pirdapiri intervencia, mimarTuli Cveni qveynis erovnuli
prezidentisa da misi liderobiT mopovebuli saxelmwifoebrivi da-
moukideblobis winaaRmdeg, saqarTvelos teritoriis dasaSlelad.
`samoqalaqo omis~ arsi, klasikuri gagebiT, qveynis SigniT myof
mxareTa SeiaraRebul dapirispirebaSi mdgomareobs, romelSic ara-
nairad ar monawileobs ucxo qveynis Zalebi. Cvens sinamdvileSi ki
1991-93 wlebSi adgili hqonda, swored ucxo da gareSe Zalebis fa-
rul Tu aSkara monawileobas kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis
damxobaSi. xolo, qarTveli kolaboracionisti politikuri Zale-
bi, agenturul wiTel inteligenciasTan erTad, gareSe mtrebis
sayrden Zalebs warmoadgendnen.
ruseTis samxedro resursiT, saqarTveloSi meored daamxes
kanonieri erovnuli xelisufleba da moaxdines saqarTvelos res-
publikis meore aneqsia, xolo prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, 1993
wlis 31 dekembers, saidumlo viTarebaSi mokles. erovnuli xelisu-
flebis gadarCenil wevrTa umravlesoba iZulebuli gaxda emigra-
ciaSi gaxiznuliyo. SevardnaZis xuntisturma xelisuflebam, sameg-
relos ajanyebulebis didi nawili gaanadgura, nawili daapatimra,
gaqceulma nawilma ki Tavi tyes Seafara. gvardiis polkovnikma vax-
186
tang (loTi) qobaliam, 6 noembers (ori TviT adre) miatova alyaSe-
mortymuli da devnili prezidenti da afxazeTis gavliT ukrainaSi
gaiqca. ukrainaSi ki, qobalia sudzalis kgb-s gasaidumlovebul ba-
zaze daapatimres saqarTvelos uSiSroebis samsaxurebma da saqar-
TveloSi Camoiyvanes. niSandoblivia, rom im dros sudzalis gasai-
dumlovebul bazas igor giorgaZe xelmZRvanelobda.
vaxtang qobalia 10-wliani patimrobidan (mas bralad edeboda
Jurnalist daTo bolqvaZis mkvleloba xobSi 1993 wlis 27 noem-
bers, samxedro tyveebis daxvreta da samSoblos Ralati, ris
gamoc mas daxvreta miusjes, rac Semdgom 20 wliT patimrobiT
Seucvales) gaprezidentebulma saakaSvilma 2004 wlis maisSi Sewy-
alebis aqtiT gaaTavisufla.
loTi qobalia, groznoSi sistematurad uTvlida prezident
gamsaxurdias, rom dabrunebuliyo saqarTveloSi. uqmnida iluzias,
rom TiTqos mas ukve mravalricxovani da kargad gawvrTnil-aRWur-
vili armia hyavs, riTac Tavisuflad SesZlebs daamarcxos xunta da
aRadginos kanonieri xelisufleba respublikaSi. yvedrida, rom pre-
zidentis Camousvleloba axdens misi armiis demoralizebas da a.S.
saqarTveloSi dabrunebuli prezidenti ki, realurad arsebu-
li viTarebis gamo, Zalian male sruliad gawbilebuli darCa da
pasuxs sTxovda qobalias cru informaciebis miwodebisTvis: `sad
aris Seni mravalaTasiani armia? sad aris Seni asamde tanki da Seia-
raReba?!~ qobalia, Camosuli prezidentis motyuebasac agrZelebda
da ar asrulebda mis brZanebebs quTaissa da Tbilisisken winsvlis
Sesaxeb da sul sxva mimarTulebiT mihyavda gvardia, soso JRentis,
zviad ZiZiguris, jambul bokuCavasa da guram lakiasTan erTad.
vaxtang (loTi) qobalia, undoblobis gamo, prezidentma zviad
gamsaxurdiam, badri zarandiaTi Secvala da igi daniSna zugdidis
samxedro komendantad, magram zarandiac uSiSroebis mier gadabire-
buli aRmoCnda da igi general gia guluas mokavSired iqca; gia
guluam zarandias zviadis mokvlac ki daavala, Tumca prezidentis
mkvleloba uSualod zarandias ar Caudenia. didi xnis Semdeg ufro
naTlad gamoCnda badri zarandias kavSirebi xuntasTan; 2001 wlis 17
oqtombers, jaba ioselianis `mxedrioni~ da zarandias mebrZolebi
gaerTiandnen da Seqmnes `sruliad saqarTvelos patriotTa kavSi-
ri~. 2003 wlis 8 ianvars, zugdidis centrSi mdebare kafeSi, daudge-
nelma pirebma, garedan sroliT Cacxriles 35 wlis badri zarandia.
187
ruseTume qobalia da lakia ki samegrelos avtonomiis veragu-
li Canafiqris mixedviT moqmedebdnen; maT interesebSi arafriT Se-
dioda devnilobidan dabrunebuli prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
TbilisSi Casvla da sruliad saqarTveloSi konstituciuri wesri-
gis aRdgena, aramed, maTi mizani iyo zviadi CaeketaT zugdidSi da
samegrelos avtonomiis prezidentad eqciaT igi. `samegrelos avto-
nomiis~ faruli da saidumlo mokavSire, uzenaesi sabWos deputa-
ti valter SurRaiac gaxldaT. es ki imperiuli ruseTis sabWour
ocnebas da strategiul gegmas warmoadgenda. v. qobaliam 6 noem-
bers datova zugdidi da afxazeTis gavliT ukrainaSi gaipara, sadac
igi, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT ramdenime Tve imyofeboda sudzalis
specialuri momzadebis bazaze, romelic igor giorgaZisa iyo. qoba-
liasgan naRalatev-mitovebuli prezidenti ki, dekembris bolomde,
mowameobrivad cdilobda sicocxlis gadarCenas da SeiaraRebuli
mdevrebisgan Tavis daRwevas.
v. qobalia, jambul bokuCava

analogiuri veraguli gegmiT moqmedebda zviad ZiZiguric Ta-
visi SeiaraRebuli batalioniT, romelmac, yvelasagan daukiTxavad,
Tavisi arcTu mcirericxovani razmi, xonSi Seiyvana, sadac srulad
Caabara xuntas iaraRi da samxedro teqnikac. igi, erovnul moZrao-
baSi gadmobargebuli yofili `mxedrioneli~ gaxldaT da jabasTan
erTad mxiarulad ilxenda xolme sufrebze (ix. foto).
188
marcxnidan – j. ioseliani, vanis prefeqti valeri feraZe,
z. ZiZiguri, d. berZeniSvili...
ase dasrulda saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli prezidentis

zviad gamsaxurdias Tavganwiruli brZola saxelmwifoebrivi da-
moukideblobisa da teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad. moRa-
late prefeqtebisa da SeTqmul TanagundelTa garemocvaSi.
miuxedavad aseTi umZimesi kraxisa, saqarTvelos erovnul-ganma-
Tavisuflebel moZraobas ar Seuwyvetia brZola SevardnaZis xuntis-
turi da antisaxelmwifoebrivi xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg; grZelde-
boda permanentuli saprotesto aqciebi. yoveli wlis 31 marts, 9
aprils, 27 seqtembersa, 28 oqtombers, 22 dekembersa da 6 ianvars
ewyoboda mZlavri da mravalricxovani saprotesto gamosvlebi
SevardnaZis policiur-diqtatoruli reJimisadmi Seurigeblobis
muxtiT. yoveli saprotesto mitingi Tu manifestacia sastikad
irbeoda reJimis msaxur specbrigadebis mxridan, romelsac, uSiS-
roebasTan erTad, policiis sammarTvelos maRali Tanamdebobis
pirebi – daviT zeikiZe, soso alaviZe, demur miqaZe, aleko miqa-
beriZe, mixeil (miSa) salaZe, valeri kacitaZe, elguja jamburia,
gia saluqvaZe, miSa giorgaZe, Temur mRebriSvili... – arbevdnen.
isini iWerdnen da sxvadasxva vadiT sapyrobileSi svamdnen aqciis
liderebs, aqtivistebs. amgvari represiebis mZvinvarebis pirobebSi
189
SesamCnevad SeTxelda erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis Se-
madgeneli raodenoba, bevri maTgani sazRvargareT gaixizna.
miuxedavad simcirisa, erovnuli moZraobis darCenili nawi-
li TbilisSi mainc Seupovrad gamodioda SevardnaZis gadadgomis
moTxovniT, jandacvis antihumanuri reformis, antisaxelmwifoe-
brivi miwis kanonis miRebisa Tu antimarTlmadidebluri reli-
giuri seqtebis momravlebis winaaRmdeg. ar yofila wyveta erov-
nul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis brZolaSi, vidre SevardnaZis
gadadgomamde (2003 wlis dekemberi). SevardnaZis reJimis cixeebSi
ewamebodnen politpatimrebi da samxedro tyveebi, gaCnda katego-
ria – sindisis patimrebi.
e. SevardnaZem, 1992 wlis 11 oqtombris e.w. ìmedis~ arCevnebis
gayalbebis gziT SeZlo ra xelisuflebis saTaveSi moqceva, saxelisu-
flo legitimaciis gamyarebis mizniT, 1995 wlis 5 noembris saparla-
mento da saprezidento arCevnebi erTdroulad daniSna. SevardnaZe
TvalnaTliv xedavda xalxis uaryofiT damokidebulebas sakuTari
(`moqalaqeTa kavSiri~) xelisuflebis mimarT; am xnis ganmavlobaSi
maT, verafriT miaRwies xalxis ndobis mopovebas. 5 noembris sapre-
zidento arCevnebSi kenWi iyares da erTmaneTis konkurentebi iyvnen:
eduard SevardnaZe, jumber patiaSvili, akaki baqraZe, qarTlos Rari-
baSvili, panteleimon giorgaZe, roin liparteliani.
proporciuli arCevnebis (saarCevno qvota – 5%) siiT ki kenWs
iyridnen: saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa kavSiri, sruliad saqarTvelos
aRorZinebis kavSiri, erovnul-demokratiuli partia, bloki `XXI
saukune – konstantine gamsaxurdias sazogadoeba~, ìlia WavWava-
Zis sazogadoeba~ da sxv.
saprezidento kenWisyris Sedegebi aseTi iyo:
eduard SevardnaZe – 74,12%
jumber patiaSvili – 19,52%
akaki baqraZe – 1,46%
qarTlos RaribaSvili – 0,53%
panteleimon giorgaZe – 0,49%
roin liparteliani – 0, 39%
5 noembris proporciuli arCevnebis siiT ki, `saqarTvelos moqa-
laqeTa kavSiri~ (smk), mmarTveli partia gaxda (23, 62%). parlamentSi
moxvdnen zurab Jvania, nino burjanaZe, mixeil saakaSvili, koba da-
viTaSili, vaxtang rCeuliSvili, ivane kiRuraZe (saarCevno komisiis
190
Tavmjdomare), jansuR Carkviani, rezo miSvelaZe, iza orjonikiZe
da sxv. arCevnebi amjeradac gayalbda da Tanac, uprecendentod!
SeiaraRebuli sazogadoeba `Tbiliselis~ yofili prezidenti jan-
suR Carkviani, parlamentSi eduard SevardnaZes, ùrCi megrelebis
gonze mosayvanad~ xelaxali egzekuciisaken mouwodebda.
arCevnebis SedegebiT aRSfoTebulma,
gazeT ìberia-speqtris~ redaqtorma
irakli gociriZem, glovis niSnad,
araordinaluri protesti gamoxata: `me
vafrialeb Sav cxvirsaxocs imis niSnad,
rom Zalaufleba kvlav xelSi aiRo
sabWoTa komunisturma mafiam. xelisu-
flebam gamoiyena yovlad ukadrisi
xerxebi; iyo zewolis, iaraRiT daSinebi-
sa da sxva aRmaSfoTebeli faqtebi.
miuxedavad amisa, xalxi mainc itans am
ukanonobas, aqedan gamomdinare me vake-
Teb daskvnas, rom yvela Cveni ubedure-
bis saTave aris dRevandeli sazogadoe-
briobis ukiduresi konformizmi da
Semguebloba yvelas da yvelafris mi-
xuntis parlamentis marT. Cven sxva mTavrobas arc vim-
pirveli sxdoma saxurebT, radgan uRirsi sazogadoeba
gvyavs. me dRes vacxadeb, rom Cemi gazeTi ìberia-speqtri~ aRar ga-
mova. misi gamocema Sewydeba imitom, rom rac masSi ibeWdeboda da
rasac ubralo xalxi werda, es mxolod qaRaldze darCa. qarTuli
sazogadoebrioba, etyoba, ar aris Rirsi, rom es gazeTi gamodiodes!~
xuntisturi xelisuflebis es yvelaze popularuli opozi-
ciuri gazeTi, romelsac kiTxulobda, rogorc xelisuflebis
momxre, aseve mowinaaRmdege sazogadoeba, ver daxures veranairi
represiuli manqaniT: verc redaqciis mravaljeradi SeiaraRebu-
li darbeviT, verc redaqtoris dapatimrebiT da wamebebiT, verc
redaqtoris Svilis xeze CamoxrCobiT (mogvianebiT, baton goci-
riZes, moskovSi meore vaJiSvilic moukles), verc muqarebiT da
SeuracxyofebiT. xuntis erT-erT `rupor~-Seuracxmyofel jansuR
Carkvians ki irakli gociriZem, aseTi replikiT upasuxa:
191
da, mravaltiraJiani opoziciuri gazeTi ìberia-speqtri~,
romlidanac yvelaze mZlavrad rekda simarTlis xma, daixura!
192
jansuR Carkviani, Tavisi mgznebare sityvebiT, tribunebze da
mitingebis garda, Jurnal-gazeTebSic sistematurad beWdavda
erovnuli xelisuflebis siZulviliT gaJRenTil statiebs. misi si-
Zulvili da Seurigebloba damoukidebeli saqarTvelos preziden-
tisadmi iqamdec midioda, rom zviad gamsaxurdias umaRles saxeli-
suflo statuss – prezidents, brWyalebSi svamda da atrizavebda.
samagierod, zviadze aRmatebis JiniT, Tavad rixiT ikvexnida, rom
me vibrZodi `mTavlitSi~, vibrZodi `cekaSi~o da aseTi maniakaluri
baqi-buqiT eweoda TviTgandidebas. zviads ki `bunkerSi CamZvral
`prezidentad~, `Serekilad~ da `faSist-fiurerad~ moixseniebda,
xolo gazeT ìberia-speqtrs~ ki, ìmperia-speqtrad~.
Carkvianis ciliswamebis serialidanaa gazeTiT gavrcelebu-
li Wori, rom TiTqos, zviads 9 aprilis mcire msxverplTa gamo
ukmayofilod uTqvams: `nuTu, oc kacze meti ar daxocila? ama-
ze atyda amdeni vai-uSvelebeli~o? 1993 wels, saxelmwifo tele-
viziiT jansuR Carkvianma konstantine gamsaxurdias `didostatis
marjvenis~ saskolo programidan amoReba moiTxova:~Wiaber eris-
Tavis mowamvla kaTolikosis mier, mozardebSi sulier gadagvare-
bas iwvevs~o. misi es gancxadebac zviadis siZulviliT iyo nasazr-
doebi. visac ar axsovs, SeuZlia saxelmwifo televiziaSi moipovos
jansuR Carkvianis mudara SevardnaZisadmi: àr gadadgeT, Torem
daviRupebiT!~. daRupvaSi, xuntis mxardamWer inteligencias gu-
lisxmobda, cxadia, da ara, saqarTvelos.
SevardnaZe ki, xom `gadadgomis~ farsis dadgmis didostati
iyo, rasac Tavadac adasturebs; 1996 wels ucxoel korespondent
teleramasTan interviuSi ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministris pos-
tidan, 1992 wlis agvistos putCis win gadadgomis Sesaxeb, Sevard-
naZe acxadebs: `Cemi gadadgoma, gorbaCovis winaaRmdeg mimarTul
putCs, rom uswrebda win, skandalis gamowvevas isaxavda miznad~.
eduard SevardnaZe, romelsac karierizmi da saxelisuflo Jini,
ymawvilobidan Zval-rbilSi hqonda gamjdari, miuxedavad xalxis
gamoxatuli siZulvilisa, ara da ar Tmobda saprezidento savar-
Zels; 2000 wlis 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebisTvis, am `Te-
Trma melam~ aamoqmeda wiTeli inteligencia, romelTa xelmowere-
biTac Seiqmna misdami werilobiTi ultimatumi, raTa SevardnaZem
kenWi iyaros 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebSic. SevardnaZis
mxridan, saprezidento arCevnebis 9 aprils daniSvnac, cinizmis
193
gamoxatulebac gaxldaT. `saqarTvelos respublikaSi~ gamoqveyne-
bul wiTeli inteligenciis ùltimatums~ eduard SevardnaZisadmi
xels awerdnen:
elguja meZmariaSvili
evgeni xaraZe
albert TavxeliZe
Wabua amirejibi
merab berZeniSvili
oTar ioseliani
rezo gabriaZe
nona gafrindaSvili
gia yanCeli
nani bregvaZe
jansuR kaxiZe
marika lorTqifaniZe
zurab wereTeli
am ùltimatumis~ ZaliT, uzurpatorma e. SevardnaZem mesamedac
ipyra xelT saqarTvelos saxelisuflo saWe;
amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis moxsenebaSi, 2000 wlis 9
aprilis saqarTvelos saprezidento arCevnebi Sefasda, rogorc
yvelaze arademokratiuli, riTac eWvis qveS dayenda arCevnebis
Sedegi – e. SevardnaZis 78%-iT arCeva. 2000 wlis 14 aprils gazeT
`vaSington postma~ gamoaqveyna werili aRniSnuli arCevnebis to-
taluri gayalbebis Sesaxeb.
amerikis politikuri wreebis amgvari Sefaseba ganapiroba, Cvens
mier 2000 wlis 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis boikotirebis
aqtiurma propagandam; boikotis realuri gaxorcielebis mizniT,
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiam organizeba gaukeTa arasapar-
lamento opoziciis konsolidacias (Salva naTelaSvili, beso ju-
Reli, irakli wereTeli, nodar naTaZe, Tamar CxeiZe, guram gog-
baiZe, gia gaCeCilaZe, luiza SakiaSvili...). SevimuSaveT erTiani
samoqmedo gegma, aralegalurad davbeWdeT asiaTasobiT proklama-
cia aqtiuri boikotis mowodebiT da gavavrceleT mTeli saqarTve-
los masStabiT. boikotis kampaniasa da proklamaciebis gavrcele-
baSi, CvenTan erTad aqtiurad iyo CarTuli eTer mgalobliSvilic.
`leiboristebi~ da beso juRelis partielebi, yvela am saWiro
saqmianobaSi SesamCnevad iTrevdnen fexs, magram konsolidirebu-
194
li politikuri Zalebi, TiTqmis sakmarisi viyaviT da politikur
amocanas STambeWdavi warmatebiT gavarTviT Tavi, ris Sedegadac
2000 wlis 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis boikoti realurad
gaxorcielda, rasac cxadhyofda saarCevno ubnebis SesamCnevi si-
cariele arCevnebis dRes. miuxedavad amgvari suraTisa, eduard
SevardnaZem, Cveuli meTodebiT totalurad gaayalba arCevnebi
da `miRebuli xmebis~ 78% (?!) daiwera, razec zogierTma ucxoelma
damkvirvebelma, Sesabamis oqms, xeli ar moawera.
Cven xelT gvqonda suraTi da sruli politikur-samarTlebri-
vi safuZvelic saerTaSoriso `skandalis~ atexvisa da erovnuli
protestis azvirTebisaTvis, magram Salva naTelaSvilma da beso
juRelma mxari ar dagviWires da arc xeli mogviweres saTanado
dokumentze. arada, gveZleoda sruli SesaZlebloba (roca Sevard-
naZe ukve moyirWebuli hyavda TviT ruseTsac da misi fizikuri
ganadgurebis mizniT orjer teraqtic ki mouwyves) SevardnaZis
mmarTveloba 2000 welsve dagvesrulebina, rac udaod mkveTrad
Secvlida politikur klimats saxelmwifoSi da, momaval saxeli-
suflo speqtrsac.
rom ara axalgazrda ambiciuri politikosi mixeil saakaSvili
(2003 wlis noember-dekemberi), Rrmad moxuc SevardnaZes, 2014 wlis
9 ivlissac, prezidentis savarZelSi aRmoxdeboda suli.
goCa esebuasa da akaki eliavas mkvleloba
1998 wlis 19 Tebervals, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias erov-

nuli gvardiis wevrebma, goCa esebuas xelmZRvanelobiT, zugdidSi
mZevlad aiyvanes gaeros misiis oTxi warmomadgeneli da jixaSkarSi
gamagrdnen. es gvardielebi, xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi, SevardnaZis
xuntisturi xelisuflebisadmi Seurigeblobisa da miumxroblo-
bis niSnad, tyeSi iyvnen gaxiznulni da mowameobrivad cxovrobd-
nen. erovnuli gvardiis wevrebma SevardnaZes Semdegi moTxovnebi
wauyenes: faqtobrivi xelisufleba damsxdariyo molaparakebis ma-
gidasTan zviad gamsaxurdias kanonier xelisuflebasTan, saqarTve-
los mTel teritoriidan upirobod gaeyvanaT ruseTis saokupacio
jari, gaeTavisuflebinaT politpatimrebi da samxedro tyveebi.
195
goCa esebuasa da misi jgufis moTxovnebs eTanxmebodnen gaeros
mZevlebi, romlebsac, gamtaceblebi, stumrebis pativiT epyrobo-
dnen. goCa esebua msoflios gasagonad amayad acxadebda, rom igi
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli prezidentis
zviad gamsaxurdias jariskaci iyo da rom msoflios yuradRebis
misaqcevad iZulebuli gaxda mZevlad aeyvana gaeros warmomadgen-
lebi. marTalia esebuas moTxovnis pirveli punqti dakmayofilda
– SevardnaZe formalurad dajda kanonieri erovnuli xelisufle-
bis warmomadgenlebTan (nemo burWulaZe, lia andRulaZe, gogi
oCiauri, irakli CxeiZe...), magram saqme amaze win ar wasula.
istoriisaTvis, vfiqrobT, STambeWdavia am gaxmaurebuli Sexve-
dris erTi epizodi; uzenaesi sabWos deputatma da erovnuli mTa-
vrobis ganaTlebis minitrma lia andRulaZem, am Sexvedraze xeli
ar CamoarTva e. SevardnaZes da mis gawvdil xels mwyrali gan-
marteba Seageba: `me ar CamogarTmevT im xelze Cems xels, romli-
Tac dagvamxeT da romliTac Tqven Cveni eris sisxli daRvareT. me
mxolod Seqmnilma viTarebam momiyvana aq, rom kvlav ar daiRvaros
sisxli...~
lia andRulaZis pirovnebis warmosaCenad erT istoriul faqt-
sac gavixseneb; rodesac pavle ingoroyvas didubis panTeonisken
miasvenebdnen (1983 w. 23 noemberi), qaSueTTan, am momcro tanis
sifrifana qalbatons aReZra Zalumi survili, TviTonac mxrebiT
Sexideboda kubos da am mdabali TxovniT zviads mieaxla. mxarze
kuboSedgmulma zviadma Zlivs gaigona lias CurCuli, daixara da
CurCuliTve miugo: qalbatonebisTvis, CvenTan es misaRebi ar ari-
so. Tumca, umal igrZno patrioti TanamebrZoli qalis gulismieri
wadili da mxolod erTi wuTiT Cainacvla igi....
SevardnaZem ki moatyua erovnuli xelisuflebis zemomoxsenie-
buli warmomadgenloba, rom mZevlebis uvneblad gaTavisuflebis
SemTxvevaSi, gamtaceblebs xels ar axlebda! mZevlebis mSvidobia-
nad gaTavisuflebis Semdeg, miuxedavad imisa, rom gamtacebelTa-
gan 13 nebayoflobiT Cabarda policias, SevardnaZem goCa esebuasa
da misi jgufis danarCeni wevrebis dapatimrebac scada, Tumca ma-
Sinve ver moixelTes. 1998 wlis 31 marts, policiam alya Semoartya
goCa esebuas samalavs sofel onoriaSi da mokles igi, misi wevre-
bi ki daapatimres. esebuebis ojaxidan goCa meore msxverpli iyo
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis, kanonierebisa da samarTlianobis
196
dacvisaTvis brZolaSi; goCas ufrosi Zma gia esebua 1991 wlis 23
dekembers mTavrobis sasaxlis dacvis dros daiRupa. am gvaris me-
same warmomadgenelic gela esebuac 1991 wlis 27 dekembers mokles
mTavrobis sasaxlesTan.
goCa esebuas mkvlelobas, win
uZRoda dazvervis departamen-
tis ufrosis avTandil iose-
lianis interviu korespondent
bondo guliaSvilTan gazeT „sa-
qarTvelos respublikaSi~, sa-
dac man faqtiurad gaaxmovana
goCa esebuas mkvlelobis gegma:
`goCa esebuas, Tavad teraqtis
organizatorebi ar acocxle-
ben~o. am interviudan ori dRis
Semdeg, 31 marts goCa esebua
mokles. TariRis damTxvevac, SesaZloa erTgvari cinizmis gamoxatu-
leba da niSnisgebis Jestic iyo uzurpatori xelisuflebis mxridan...
1998 wlis 19 oqtombers, SevardnaZis antierovnuli xelisu-
flebis winaaRmdeg SeiaraRebuli ajanyeba moawyo senakis samxe-
dro SenaerTma akaki eliavas meTaurobiT. ajanyebulebi, tanke-
biTa da samxedro arsenaliT senakidan quTaisisaken daiZrnen da
gubiswyalTan iZulebiT SeCerdnen. senakSi, dislokaciis adgilze
dabrunebuli eliava da misi razmis ramdenime wevri gaiqca, xolo
ormocdaaTamde `zviadisti~ gvardieli daapatimres. prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli gvardiis polkovniki akaki eliava,
SevardnaZem 1996 wels Seiriga, ris Semdegac igi senakis batalionis
meTaurad daniSna. orjer gadabirebuli eliava, rogorc gamoCnda
sulac ar emxroboda SevardnaZes, aramed, Serigebis inscenirebiT,
misTvis da misi TanamebrZolebisTvis usafrTxoebis garantias iqm-
nida mxolod.
19 oqtombris samxedro ajanyebis mizezi didxans gasaidumlo-
vebuli iyo. gaurkvevlobas naTeli mohfina 1999 wlis ianvarSi
`mebrZoli saqarTvelos patrioti Svilebis~ saxeliT erovnuli
moZraobis gazeTebSi (`Wyondidelsa~ da `TvalTaiSi~) gamoqveyne-
bulma werilma, romelSic mebrZolebi werdnen:
197
`...1998 wlis 24 oqtombers zugdidSi unda gamarTuliyo mitin-
gi, sadac samegrelo gamocxaddeboda damoukidebel respublikad.
mitingis organizatori gaxldaT samegrelos gubernatori bondo
jiqia, romelic uSualod SevardnaZis davalebas asrulebda. same-
grelos damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg daiwyeboda samo-
qalaqo omi samegrelosa da danarCen saqarTvelos Soris, risTvi-
sac SevardnaZes winaswar Seyvanili hyavda ori aTasamde jariskaci
zugdidSi, romlebic viTom daupirispirdebodnen SevardnaZis
xrovas... saWiro gaxda saswrafo moqmedeba, Seikriba saqarTvelos
WeSmariti mamuliSvilebi. q. senakSi SemuSavebuli iqna gegma, Tu
rogor gvemoqmeda saqarTvelos gadasarCenad...
senakSi Camovidnen kanonieri uzenaesi sabWos deputatebi (maTi
erTi jgufi) Cveni qveynis farglebs garedan. SemuSavebuli geg-
ma mowonebul iqna da davirazmeT erovnuli gvardiis polkovnik
akaki eliavas garSemo. amave dros daiwyo molaparakeba samegre-
loSi dislocirebuli samxedro nawilis meTaurebTan. ramdenime
meTaurma pirdapir ganacxada, rom isini elodebodnen brZanebas –
raTa miwasTan gaesworebinaT samegrelo. maTi naTqvami Cawerilia
da Tavis droze gamoqveyndeba maTi gvarebi, bevrma Tavi Seikava,
xolo ramdenime meTauri daxmarebas dagvpirda...
1998 wlis 18 oqtombers miviReT informacia mitingis TariRis
ukan gadawevis Sesaxeb. zugdidSi Camovida ramdenime pirovneba, vi-
Tom zviadistebi, romlebic waiyvandnen mitings. b-n akaki eliava
ki iZulebuli gaxda daewyo saswrafo moqmedeba da 1998 wlis 19
oqtombers, Ramis 2 saaTze Tavisi batalioniT ganaiaraRa senak-
Si dislocirebuli jaris nawili, romelic mzad iyo samegrelos
asaoxreblad. xelT igdo ormocamde mZime teqnika da wamovida
senaki-martvili-xonis mimarTulebiT q. quTaisisken... masTan mo-
salaparakeblad mividnen imereTis gubernatori Temur SaSiaSvili
da uSiSroebis ministri gaxokiZe. daiwyo molaparakeba, raTa zug-
dididan gaeyvanaT SevardnaZis jari da ar gamarTuliyo mitingi...
...samSoblos erTianobis dasacavad mudam SemarTuli kolxebi
ar dauSveben saqarTvelos daSlas, ar eRirseba SevardnaZes Tavisi
gegmis ganxorcieleba samegrelos damoukideblobis gamocxadebis
Sesaxeb... dRes akaki eliavam ixsna saqarTvelo saboloo ganad-
gurebisagan, magram es xval isev mosalodnelia~...
198
saqarTvelos kuTxeebad daSla-daqucmacebis mcdeloba-strate-
gia, misi Seqmnis dRidan hqonda ruseTis imperias. xolo kanonieri
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobisa da samegrelos egzekuciebis
periodSi, 1992-94 wlebSi, xuntis TviTmfrinavebidan samegrelos
mTel teritoriaze iyreboda proklamaciebi megruli separatiz-
mis gaRvivebis SinaarsiT. samegrelos mravaljeradi egzekuciebi
da dalaSqvrac am imperiuli gegmis Semadgeneli nawili iyo, rac
miznad isaxavda megrelebis radikaluri protestis gamowvevas
saqarTvelos centraluri xelisuflebisadmi. megreli qalebis,
colebis gaupatiurebebi, sadisturi mkvlelobebi (maT Soris fexm-
Zime qalebis), mokluli axalgazrdebis quCebSi Rorebis sajijgnad
datoveba da patronebisTvis maTi dakrZalvis uflebis aRkveTa,
sacxovrebeli saxlebis gadawva... yovelive, ukidures protests,
gansakuTrebiT SeiaraRebul mebrZolebSi iwvevda: `Cven aviRe-
bT xelSi iaraRs, rogorc megrelebi, bodiSs movuxdiT patriot
qarTvelebs da iZulebulni viqnebiT, samegrelo gaviyvanoT ganze
danarCeni saqarTvelsgan!~ acxadebdnen akaki eliava da misi me-
brZolebi, SeiaraRebul daumorCileblobas ucxadebdnen Sevard-
naZis antierovnul xuntistur xelisuflebas da moiTxovdnen
saokupacio (maT Soris saqarTvelos) jarebis gayvanas samegrelos
mTels teritoriidan.
eliavas dajgufeba ar eTanxmeboda
da arc endoboda cnobil polito-
log separatists aleqsandre WaWias.
ruseTis imperiis qarTveli emisari
aleqsandre WaWia, mis mier dafuZne-
buli saxalxo moZraoba `samegrelo~s
meSveobiT dRemde saidumlod mu-
Saobs am gegmaze propagandistuli
gazeTebis (`toronji~, `qaldea~,
ìlori~, `saqarTvelo da msoflio~...)
gamocemiT, romelic ruseTidan fi-
nansdeba da ufasod vrceldeba same-
greloSi. xolo, samegrelos ganaT-
lebis centris `kolxidas~ xelmZRvaneli iuri Rvinjilia gamoscems
megrulenovan gazeTs saxelwodebiT `Surobumu~, rac ùTqmels~
199
niSnavs da romelic aseve ruseTidan finansdeba da aseve gaJRen-
Tilia separatistuli suliskveTebiT.
Jurnal „istoriuli memkvidreobis“ gamomcemel-damfinansebelic,
moskovidan, aleqsandre WaWia gaxlavT. ruseTis imperiuli strate-
giuli gegmisadmi esodeni RvawlisTvis, putinma, 2014 wlis Teber-
valSi, aleqsandre WaWia, saxelmwifo Rirsebis ordeniT daajildova.
WaWias sagamomcemlo organoebTan mWidrod TanamSromlobdnen uze-
naesi sabWos deputatebi Temur qoriZe da Tengiz kublaSvili. ga-
zeTis propagandistuli vebgverdi ki, imperialisturi ruseTis sa-
teliti, arnold xidirbegaSvilis saagento, „saqinformi“ gaxlavT.
rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, gu-
biswyalTan SeCerebulma eliavam,
xelisufalTagan pirobis miRebis
Semdgom ramdenime mebrZoliT mi-
malva SeZlo. SevardnaZis uSiS-
roebam da policiam eliavaze
samegrelos tyeebSi nadiroba
daiwyo. 1999 wlis 18 Tebervals
`moambeSi~ saqarTvelos mo-
saxleobas moasmenines, viTom eliavas muqara, rom igi aiRebda
foTs da ganaxorcielebda samxedro operacias foTze Tu xelisu-
fleba ar gaaTavisuflebda 1998 wlis 19 oqtombers senakis ajanye-
bis gamo dapatimrebul samxedroebs. zugdidelma telemayureble-
bma, muqaris gamxmovanebelSi eliavas xma ver Seicnes, misi saxeliT
laparakobda sxva megreli. am ambebis Semdgom, SevardnaZem, eliava
TiTqos kvlav Seiriga da ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi igi Tavisu-
flad gadaadgildeboda Tbilisisaken. erT-erTi aseTi ùsafrTxo~
gadaadgilebis dros, 2000 wlis 9 ivliss, mcxeTidan manqaniT mi-
mavali eliava zestafonSi daakaves. dakavebis operacia ganaxor-
ciela Tbilisidan winaswar Casulma uSiSroebis saministros anti-
teroristuli centris specjgufma ruben asaniZisa da levan
kenWaZis xelmZRvanelobiT (Sss ministri kaxa TargamaZe, uSiSroe-
bis ministri vaxtang quTaTelaZe). ramdenime saaTiani dakavebis
Semdeg eliava da misi Tanmxlebi pirebi, TiTqos gaaTavisufles,
magram manqanaSi Cajdomisas eliava zurgidan dacxriles. masTan
erTad mokles misi Tanmxlebi, galis partizanuli jgufis meTauri
da 19 oqtombris samxedro ajanyebis monawile goCa gvilavac.
200
akaki eliavasa da goCa gvilavas fizikur likvidaciaSi pir-
dapiri pasuxismgebloba ekisreba eduard SevardnaZes, maSindel
uSiSroebisa da Sinagan saqmeTa ministrebs vaxtang quTaTelaZes
da kaxa TargamaZes, uSiSroebis saministros antiteroristuli
centris ufros levan kenWaZes, imereTis samxareo policiis
ufros ruben asaniZes, agreTve, jemal gaxokiZes, romelic im
droisaTvis uSiSroebis ministris maRali postidan, uSiSroebis
sabWos mdivnis moadgilis Tanamdebobaze iyo CamoqveiTebuli.
es kobras saxiani uSiSroebis naministrali gaxokiZe, 2010 wels,
sakuTaris siZis (dis qmris) mkvlelobis SekveTaSi iqna mxilebu-
li, Tumca pasuxismgeblobaSi ar miuciaT. igi, dRemde, teqnikuri
universitetis mmarTvelTa sabWoSia.
akaki eliavas mkvleli, uSiSroebis specnazis xelmZRvaneli le-
van kenWaZe 2004 wlis 29 aprils sul sxva braldebiT daapatimres –
mas bralad, pankisSi, iaraRis ukanonod gayidva wauyenes. 20 ivliss
levan kenWaZes, saqalaqo sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT CamoerTva
ukanonod SeZenili qoneba. 2005 wlis aprilSi mas 8 wliT patimroba
miusajes.
goCa esebuas likvidaciis operaciac, agreTve, e. SevardnaZis,
jemal gaxokiZisa da kaxa TargamaZis kiserzea, romelTa mokavSires
warmoadgenda samegrelos gubernatori (2017-2018 w.w.) levan Sonia.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvleloba
1993 wlis 18 oqtombers, irina sariSvili, zviadis moZuleTa

elitis Tavyrilobaze, filarmoniis darbazSi, gamodis sityviT:
`me, rodesac guSin batoni rezo amaSukelis gamosvla movismine
televiziiT am SekrebasTan dakavSirebiT, unda giTxraT, rom ba-
tono rezo, pirvelad gamaRiziana Tqvenma naTqvamma, rom xval
yvelafers Tavisi saxeli davarqvaTo. Cven weliwadnaxevaria vam-
bobT, rom yvelafers Tavisi saxeli davarqvaT da ase gadawyde-
ba TiTqos yvelaferi. Cven vnaxeT, rom es ase ar aris da is sa-
frTxobela, romelic weliwadze cota naklebi prezidentad iyo
da mere groznoSi gavuSviT da sxvaTaSoris, is pirebi aranakleb
pasuxismgeblebi arian dRes, vinc is cocxali gauSva (darbazSi
mquxare taSi), mapatios RmerTma amas rom vambob da axla yvelaze
201
iseT dros, rodesac soxumi dacemulia da dasavleT saqarTvelos
problema dgas mTlianad, es Cveni safrTxobela kvlav moiwevs
Tbilisisken... aseTi adamiani, me imdeni Seuracxyofebi maqvs mis
mimarT naTqvami, rom ar minda axla taSis dakvris gulisTvis vix-
maro is sityvebi `maniaki~, `paTologi~ da a.S. viciT yvelam vis-
Tanac gvaqvs saqme. Cveni da yvelas, TviTeuli CvenTaganis sir-
cxvilia, jer is rom es adamiani prezidenti gaxda da dRes kidev
miwaze dadis da Camovida aq da kidev raRac muqarebs gzavnis... me
ubralod vTvli, batono rezo, rom dRes, am Sexvedraze, arc sng-s
kritikis da arc sng-s qebis dro ar aris. dRes Cven aq sul sxva
rameze unda vilaparakoT (taSi). TviTon batonma eduardma dRes
brZana Tavis radio-gamosvlaSi, rom man gaakeTa gancxadeba sng-Si
Sesvlis Taobaze, mTavroba erTsulovania am sakiTxTan dakavSire-
biT, vinc uSlida xels erTsulovnebaSi is aRar aris am mTavro-
baSi (Tavis gadadgomas gulisxmobs – l.c.), amitom ruseTisTvis
es absoluturad sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom raRac davinaxoT an
ar davinaxoT, rom Cven sng-Si SesvliT an arSesvliT, raRac pro-
blemas movagvarebT. rac Seexeba zviad gamsaxurdias, me rogorc
mesmis, me ase mesmis: sanam zviad gamsaxurdias problema arsebobs
saqarTveloSi, arc sng-Si SesvliT, arc sng-Si SeusvlelobiT, arc
evrogaerTianebaSi SesvliT da amerikis Statadac rom migviRon,
araferi saqarTvelos ar eSveleba... neba miboZeT kategoriulad
ar daveTanxmo, saxelmwifo meTaurs, romelmac Tavis interviuSi
guSin brZana, rom `movida dro, rom zviad gamsaxurdias sakadrisi
pasuxi gaeces da mas groznoSi elodebian~. ara, batono eduard, ar
SeiZleba zviad gamsaxurdias gaSveba groznoSi (mquxare taSi).
zviad gamsaxurdia, rogorc Tavisi eris Svili, Tundac rogorc
Tavisi eris sircxvili, unda darCes, ra Tqma unda saxecvlili
mdgomareobiT aq, saqarTveloSi da maSin unda vilaparakoT Cven
saqarTvelos gadarCenaze, madlobT!~ (mquxare taSi).
irina sariSvilis es impera-
tiuli moTxovna, sakuTari
yurebiT moismina, darbazSi
mjdomma eduard SevardnaZe-
mac, romelsac, zviad gam-
saxurdias likvidirebis sxva
gegma-Canafiqri hqonia SemuSa-
202
vebuli. oRond, ara saqarTvelos teritoriaze, aramed CeCneTis.
uTuod amaze mianiSnebs sariSvilis mier citirebuli SevardnaZis
gamosvlis teqsti: `movida dro, rom zviad gamsaxurdias saka-
drisi pasuxi gaeces da mas groznoSi elodebian~. sariSvils ki
eCqareba, rac SeiZleba swrafad naxos zviadi `saxecvlil mdgo-
mareobaSi~ (mokluli), vinZlo groznoSi ver moxerxdes es. aki,
erTxel scades, SevardnaZis specsamsaxurebma, zviadis groznos
rezidenciaSi galavnidan SeRweva, magram SemCneul da mogeriebul
iqnen CeCeni specrazmelebis mier.
1993 wlis 18 oqtombers, filarmoniaSi Sekrebis zemomotanili
video-Canaweri, internetSi, 2016 wlis oqtombris dasawyisSi gavr-
celda, rasac maleve sariSvilis vrceli `monaniebis~ teqsti mohy-
va facebook-is sakuTar gverdze: ùmZimesi sanaxavia CemTvis. imdenad
mZime rom es dReebi paralizebuli var... am gamosvlamde ramdenime
dRiT adre gadavdeqi vice–premierobidan SevardnaZis mier dsT–
Tan mierTebis gadawyvetilebis protestis niSnad... sxvebze metad
me TviTon var SeZrwunebuli da arc vici rogor, ra sityvebiT ga-
movxato Cemi sinanuli. amas Tavis gasamarTleblad ar vambob – Cem
sityvebs aranairi gamarTleba ara aqvs – amas vambob mxolod imi-
tom rom exla mainc mivxvdeT rom ase gagrZeleba aRar SeiZleba...
es ar maxsovda da aman Cemze ise imoqmeda rom warmomidgenia sxvas
ra mouvidoda, gansakuTrebiT zviadis momxre Cems megobrebs, vinc
dRes Tanamoazreebi varT dRevandel situaciaSi...~ da a.S.
fariseveli politikanis, irina sariSvilis, sng-Si (dsT) Sesvlis
gamo postidan gadadgoma gia Wanturias ZaldatanebiT moxda; drom
naTlad gamoavlina misi realuri saxec da politikuri orienta-
ciac, ris gamoc igi edp-dan garicxes. gia Wanturias veraguli
mkvlelobac, igor giorgaZesTan misi moRalaturi mokavSireobiT,
`nasedkobiT~ gaxorcielda.
ramdenjerac unda imarTlos Tavi irina sariSvilma, faqtia rom,
e. SevardnaZis mxridan, misi Segoneba-rekomendacia, zviad gamsaxur-
dias saqarTvelodan cocxlad ar gaSvebis Taobaze, Sesmenil iqna!
imperialisturi ruseTis satelituri partiis ìmedis~ Ta-
vmjdomare, irina sariSvili, 2007 wlis 5 Tebervals, sadaxlos
sabaJosTan daakaves, romelic minskidan Cavida somxeTSi da iqedan
taqsiT modioda Tbilisisken. sariSvils aRmoaCnda 60 grami oqro,
58 aTasi dolari, rusuli fuli da evroebi.
203
„gia Wanturia kisrulobs edp-s oraskaciani razmis Sekrebas
da dasavleT saqarTveloSi gagzavnas. oRond iaraRs Txoulobs...
vaZlev 100 axalTaxal avtomats Tavisi tyvia-wamliT.... daTo maR-
raZe inteligenciaSi fuls agrovebs iaraRisa da sxva daniSnule-
bisaTvis~, aRwers jaba ioseliani.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdiaze `na-
diroba~ samegrelos tyeebSi, uSua-
lod rusi samxedro maRalCinosnebisa
da SevardnaZe-kviraia-margianis kon-
trolis qveS mimdinareobs. qvemoTa
fotoze isini swored rus samxedros-
Tan arian warmodgenili SeTqmuli
saxeebiT.
prezidentis devniloba samegre-
los soflebsa da tyeebSi iwyeba 1993
wlis 1 dekembridan da misi TavSesafris Ziebis golgoTuri marS-
ruti aseTia: xuberis tye, lakadas mTebSi Wyebzenis tye, qarTla-
Sis maRlobze mwyemsis qoxi... Cqvaleris tye – vaniCka fifias qoxi.
senakSi (kostavas q. №11), nazi xaxubiasa da germane ku-
preiSvilis ojaxSi zviadi erTi kviriT iyo Sefarebuli.
1993 w. 6-7 noemberi zugdidis datoveba. manamde zviad gam-
saxurdia cxovrobda sofel odiSSi jer loTi qobalias saxlSi
da mere zugdidSi emilio pirvelis saxlSi.
sofeli ilori, tuJbebis ojaxi, daaxloebiT erTi kvira da
isev samegreloSi iZulebiT gadmosvla.
13 noembers gadmodian engurze sofel riyesTan. erTi dRe
elodebian guram absanZes, romelic aRar gamoCnda.
13-14 noemberi enguris xeoba, xuberi, xokos uReltexilze tye-
Si mdebare ganmartoebul `finur~ saxlSi RamisTeviT. ori dRe.
15-17 noemberi, sofeli Cqvaleri, jumber fifiasTan erTi
dRe. imave sofelSi raul fifiasTan 1 dRe. isev Cqvaleri, pa-
ladin da flora qardavebTan 1 dRe, sadac Tavs esxmian.
17-23 noemberi, lakadis xeoba, qarTlaSis mTa, vaniCka fifias
mwyemsebis qoxi erTi kvira, Semdgom gadasvla mdinare maganaze
da engurze.
23-30 noemberi, sofeli muJava oTar da vaxo arqaniebis saxli.
Semdeg muJava, badri zarandias partizanuli banaki `Cvinare~ –
6-7 dRe. Semdgom Wyebzenis mTa, isev mwyemsebis karavi muJavaSi.
204
1-4 dekemberi, sof. muJava, – zaur anTias saxli.
4-5 dekemberi, sof. faxulani, – guliko guCuas saxli.
5-6 dekemberi, sof. lia-paluri, – givi paWkorias saxli.
6 dekemberi, sofeli lia –, Cigo guCuas saxli.
6-9 dekemberi, sofeli Cxoria – guram samuSias saxli.
10-11 dekemberi, sof. zeda eweri – palmiro Tordias saxli.
11-12 dekemberi, sofeli lia, – guram samuSias saxli (es
meore guram samuSiaa)
12 dekemberi, sofeli nacatu – giuli gabedavas saxli.
13 dekemberi sofeli baSi, – koki laSxias saxli.
13-14 dekemberi sofeli obuji – hamanda mesxias saxli.
14-19 dekemberi sof. jaRra – anzor mebonias saxli.
19- 22 dekemberi, sofeli Cqvaleri, – raul fifias saxli.
22-28 dekemberi sof. jixaSkari – jonson kvaracxelias saxli.
28-31 dekemberi Zveli xibula – karlo da ludmila Rurwkaie-
bis saxli.
qvemowarmodgenil fotoze badri zarandias banakia muJavaSi
(walenjixa), Cvinared wodebuli adgili, sadac erTi kvira Tavs
afarebda zviadi Tavisi garemocviT. aqedan ki maT mouwiaT Wyebze-
nis tyeSi asvla Seqmnili arasando viTarebis gamo. zviadisa da misi
garemocvis Wyebzenis tyeSi asvlidan, ramdenime saaTSi ikargebian
prezidentis erTguli axalgazrda mcvelebi: vaJa WinWarauli da
irakli gogaZe. cocxlad darCenili mcvelebidan aravin ambobs, vin
Camoacila gogaZe da WinWarauli prezidentis dacvas da ratom ar
(Tu ver) ayvnen isini Wyebzenis tyeSi prezidents, sadac man, ga-
remocvis TanxlebiT, erTi kvira dahyo. gogaZisa da WinWaraulis
205
gauCinareba ukavSirdeba kriminaluri warsulis mqone, vinme `Wumi-
nas~, romelmac, TiTqos cxenebiT gauwia megzuroba am axalgazr-
da mcvelebs imereTis batalionTan SesaerTeblad sofel nakifus
uluriis dasaxlebaSi. aq, axalgazrda mcvelebi, gogaZe da WinWa-
rauli gramiton kvaracxelias mitovebul saxlSi dabinavebulan.
RamiT ezoSi specnazi SeWrila da yumbarebisa da avtomatebis sro-
liT gadaubugavT saxli. diliT, soflelebs Zlivs gaubedavT Tav-
dasxmis adgilze misvla, sadac danaxSirebuli saxli da ori gvami
unaxavT. swored es gardacvlilebi unda yofiliyvnen prezidentis
erTguli mcvelebi, WinWarauli da gogaZe. danaxSirebuli gvamebi,
1993 wlidan dRemde inaxeba samxaraulis eqspertizis biuros ma-
civrebSi, razec gamoZieba ar dawyebula.
qvemoTa fotoze, prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, Tavisi gare-
mocviTa(marneulis prefeqti valeri gabelia...) da mcvelebiT walen-
jixis raionis sofel squris tyeSi gadaadgildeba. prezidentis
marcxena mxarTan, saTvaliTa da wveriT misi uerTgulesi mcveli vaJa
WinWaraulia da irakli gogaZec, sadRac maT Soris unda iyos...
206
qvemoT ki vano (vaniCka) fifias fardulia Cqvaleris tyeSi (walenji-
xa), sadac mwyems vaniCka fifias Sefarebuli hyavda zviadi, besarioni
da ramdenime mcveli...
207
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias soflidan sofelSi gadaadgile-
ba uwevda RamiT fexiT, traqtoriT da urmiTac. es gaxlavT mamuka
kvaracxelias uremi, romliTac zugdidis sof.nacatudan walen-
jixis s.obujSi gadaadgilda zviadi...
Cven Tavad moviareT samegrelos is soflebi, tye-Rreebi da

mdinareebi, sadac golgoTis gza ganvlo devnilma prezidentma,
romelsac umZimes pirobebSi uwevda yofa. es mdinare maganaa la-
kadas xeobaSi, romelic civ dekemberSi gadacura zviad gamsaxur-
diam Tanmxleb pirebTan erTad.
208
qvemoTa fotoze Cems ukan, zeviT Wyebzenis tyea, sadac ramde-
nime dRe karavSi cxovrobda prezidenti.
igor giorgaZis, gia guluas, avTandil ioselianis, jaba io-

selianis SeiaraRebuli mdevrebi, maTi samizne prezidentisagan,
TandaTanobiT axdendnen mTavrobisa da dacvis wevrebis Camocile-
bas. sabolood maT, devnili prezidentis garemocva, sam kacamde
(besarion guguSvili, robinzon margvelani, baCuki gvancelaZe)
daiyvanes. samegreloSi gavrcelebuli informaciiT, tyvia, afxaze-
Tis uSiSroebaSi gamowvrTnil qilers, gia mxeiZes asrolines.
afxazeTis uSiSroebis Tavmjdomare, imxanad, avTandil iose-
liani gaxldaT, romelic mogvianebiT utifrad ganacxadebs: 31
dekembers, zviad gamsaxurdias xibulaSi TviTmkvlelobiT sikv-
dili, Cven, CeCneTis vice-prezidentma zelimxan iandarbievma Se-
gvatyobina 5 ianvarso.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias `TviTmkvlelobis~ Sesaxeb in-
formaciis col-SvilTan Casatanad, groznoSi, 1994 wlis 5 ianvars,
209
besarion guguSvilis mier wargzavnil iqnen prezidentis mcvele-
bi: zaza burjanaZe, baCuki gvancelaZe da goCa kekenaZe. Tavad
guguSvili ki, robinzon margvelanTan erTad, mogvianebiT Cavida.
premieri besarion guguSvili, ramdenime wlis Semdgom (2010 w.)
saeWvo daJinebiT gvimxels: òjaxis mier dadebuli pirobis Ta-
naxmad, romelsac, magaliTad axmovanebs, z. gamsaxurdias grozno-
Si gadasvenebis saerTaSoriso(!) komisiis Tavmjdomare, CeCneTis
vice-prezidenti zelimxan iandarbievi TbilisSi micemul sajaro
interviuSi – gamsaxurdias ojaxi unda yofiliyo, zviad gamsaxur-
dias TviTmkvlelobis garanti da mcveli! (xasgasma Cvenia – l.c.)
anu, gamsaxurdias ojaxs arasodes unda wamoeyenebina sxva versia,
garda TviTmkvlelobisa da yovelTvis unda daecva, swored da
zustad, TviTmkvlelobis versia!~
1998 wlis 10 Tebervals, mTavrobis gafarToebul sxdomaze, e.
SevardnaZem, friad sagulisxmo da niSandoblivi sityva warmoTqva:
„pinoCets, ayvavebuli saxelmwifosken mimavali gza rom aerCia,
aliende unda moekla da is xalxi gaenadgurebina, visac demokra-
tiisaken mihyavda qveyana“. am (literaturuli frazeologiiT rom
vTqvaT) reminiscenciiT, e. SevardnaZem, xelisuflebis uzurpaciisa-
Tvis, savsebiT gamarTlebulad miiCnia, misi Tanamedrove – usastike-
si diqtatoris – avgusto pinoCetis (1915-2006 w.w.) wambaZveloba...
da mokla zviad gamsaxurdia
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias savaraudo mkvleli, avTandil
ioselianis specnazeli gia mxeiZe, 2016 wlis 8 oqtombris saparla-
mento arCevnebSi, jixaSkaris №79 ubnis damrbevad moevlina sazoga-
doebas. saerTaSoriso damkvirveblebis zewoliT igi dapatimrebuli
iqna, Tumca maleve gaaTavisufles; gamovlinda, rom prezidentis
savaraudo mkvleli gia mxeiZe `qarTuli ocneba – demokratiuli sa-
qarTvelos~ saidumlo specsamsaxuris moqmedi TanamSromelic iyo.
xolo, rogorc moqmedi specnazeli, am saarCevno ubanze, `nacio-
nalebis~ xmebis upiratesobis gamo, Segzavnil iqna ubnis dasarbe-
vad. specnazelma g. mxeiZem pirnaTlad Seasrula ra es davalebac,
am ubanze arCevnebis meore turis Catarebis aucilebloba Seqmna.
amgvarma lustrirebam, naTlad dagvanaxa, rom Cvens mier, òcnebis~
xelisuflebis prokuraturaSi (manamde `nacionalebis~ xelisufle-
bis prokuraturaSic) Setanil gancxadebas, prezidentis mkvlelo-
bis gamoZiebis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom ar iZiebda, arc ivaniSviliseuli
òcnebis~ xelisufleba da masac Taroze hqonda Semodebuli.
210
prezidentis mkvlelTa vinaobasTan da adgilTan dakavSirebiT
arsebobs sxva versiac;
2018 wlis 3 marts, rusTavi-2-is gadacema `post-kriptumSi~, pre-
zident zviad gamsaxurdias piradma mcvelma badri gogolaSvil-
ma ganacxada, rom: `zviad gamsaxurdia sofel Zvel xibulaSi, karlo
Rurwkaias saxlSi ukve mokluli miiyvanes da TviTmkvlelobis insce-
nireba moaxdines. mkvleloba maSin moxda, rodesac zviad gamsaxurdia,
besarion guguSvilTan da dacvis or wevrTan erTad sofel jixaSkari-
dan Zvel xibulaSi midioda~. marTalia gogolaSvili im dros grozno-
Si imyofeboda, magram misi TqmiT man mkvlelobis detalebi patimar
mRvdel basil mkalaviSvilisgan gaigo. basil mkalaviSvili adasture-
bs, rom cixeSi patimari giorgaZe misi Tanamosakne iyo, romelmac
uTxra, rom pirveli prezidentis mkvlelobas Tavad eswreboda.
2016 wels gazeT àsaval-dasavalisTvis~ (N19) micemul inter-
viuSi mama basil mkalaviSvili ki patimar giorgaZis informaciaze
dayrdnobiT acxadebs, rom `zviad gamsaxurdia, jer manqanidan
gadmoiyvanes, sastikad awames, Semdeg senakis aeroportidan Tbi-
lisSi Caafrines. SevardnaZe orjer Sexvda da rom veraferze dai-
Tanxmes, gia guluam da SoTa kviraiam, SevardnaZis TandaswrebiT,
1993 wlis 28 dekembers, TviTmfrinavSive gamoasalmes sicocxles
morwmune qristiani prezidenti~.
es gaxlavT Rurwkaiebis avadsaxsenebeli saxli – xobis raionis so-
fel Zvel xibulaSi, mogvianebiT meore danaSaulic moxda, maTma va-
JiSvilma mezoblis biWi mokla, romelic saxlSi Seuvarda da sofelma
Rurwkaiebs saxl-kari daurbies, ezo mourRvies da ase gaveranebulia
dRes Rurwkaiebis saxl-kari. Rurwkaiebi amave soflis – axal xibula-
Si gadasaxldnen... Rurwkaiebs eyolaT gogona xbos taniT…
211
xibuladan, zviadi, zugdidis raionis sofel jixaSkarSi traq-
toriT gadaasvenes da jonson kvaracxelias yanaSi dakrZales, sadac
igi 9 Tu 10 Tebervlamde iyo dasaflavebuli. uzustoba da mcdaria
profesor guram SaraZesTan moyvanili informacia prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias Tavdapirveli dakrZalvis adgilis Sesaxeb. kerZod,
batoni SaraZis udaod mniSvnelovan broSuraSi `zviad gamsaxur-
das sikvdili da dasaflaveba~, zugdideli glexi da zugdideli
saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri guram Selia, amboben, rom TiTqos
zviadi pirvelad dakrZaluli iyo sofel jaRraSi (gv.50-51). zviadi
namdvilad iyo TavSefarebuli walenjixis raionis sofel jaRraSi
anzor mebonias ojaxSi 14-dan 19 dekembramde.
am fotoze, Cven swored am
meboniebis ezoSi vimyofebiT
da Cvens ukan dgas maTi
mokrZalebuli saxli, sadac
mzrunveloba gauwies de-
vnil prezidents. magram,
prezidenti am sofelSi ar
yofila dakrZaluli.
jixaSkarelma jonson kvaracxeliebis ojaxma ki, damoukidebeli

saqarTvelos prezidentis pirvelad saflavze, sakuTari xarjebiT
aago marmarilos jvari da dRemde igi ZegliviT Semonaxul-dacu-
li aqvT sakuTar ezoSi, sadac zviads pativs miageben-xolme ojaxi
da jixaSkarelebi. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom jonson kvaracxeliebis
patriotuli JestiT, aRsrulda maSindeli parlamentaris guram
Selias survilic, aRemarTaT memoriali prezidentis pirvelad
saflavze. oRond aRimarTa, ara jaRraSi, aramed mis namdvil pir-
velad gansasvenebel jixaSkarSi...
212
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, sabolood, imave sofelSi va-
liko zarandias saxlSi urmiT gadaasvenes da misive TavlaSi, sai-
dumlo viTarebaSi iqna dakrZaluli. 10-dan 12 Tebervlamde vali-
ko zarandias saxlis meore sarTulze dasvenebul zviadis cxedars
eqspertizas utarebdnen uSiSroebis TanamSromlebi da saqarTve-
los mTavari paTologanatomi, akademikosi Tamar dekanoiZe, rac
oficialurad ar xmaurdeboda...
misi Tavlidan amosvenebisa da groznoSi gadasvenebis Semdgom,
valiko zarandia maleve daapatimres da mas cemaSi amoxades suli.
Tumca, vice-premier avTandil margianis mier, valiko zarandiasa-
Tvis micemuli iyo sajaro piroba, rom mas aravin Seexeboda da
mis sicocxles araviTari safrTxe ar daemuqreboda. 2003 wlis 21
ivniss, zugdidSi, manqanaSi Cacxriles valiko zarandias Svilebi,
manuCar da beJan zarandiebi da mamuka gvazava.
Zalze didi dagvianebiT (2007 wels) Catarebul rostovis eqs-
pertizis daskvnaSi vkiTxulobT: `tyviis moZraobis mimarTule-
baa marjvnidan marcxniv, ramdenadme zemodan qvemoT, ramdenadme
winidan ukan, razec miuTiTebs Semavali da gamomavali xvrelebi.
aqedan gamomdinare SeiZleba iTqvas, rom avtomaturi pistoletis
`steCkinis~ (romlis wona damuxtul mdgomareobaSi 1420 gramia),
xelSi daWera TviTmkvlelobis mizniT, luliT, 100– 200 milime-
tris manZilze da ise, rom tyviis mimarTuleba iyos marjvnidan
marcxniv, ramdenadme zemodan qvemoT, ramdenadme winidan ukan,
fizikurad SeuZlebelia~. rostovis saeqsperto daskvnaSi vkiTxu-
lobT, agreTve gardacvlilis Zvlebis mravali motexilobis Se-
saxeb. rac badebs gonivrul eWvs, rom datyvevebul prezidents,
specsamsaxuris TanamSromlebi, jer fizikurad gauswordnen da
Semdgom mokles.
Cven, axal xibulaSi vestumreT mama-Svil Rurwkaiebs da ga-
movkiTxeT isini. maTi monayoli ar iyo gulwrfeli da saubarSi
davatyveT, rom isini mTavar simarTles malavdnen. aSkarad etyo-
bodaT, rom specsamsaxurebis mier permanentuli zewolisa da
damuSavebis qveS imyofebodnen...
213
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis SeTqmulebaSi, erTob
saeWvod figurireben Zmebi Cuxuebi (anatoli da zauri). swored es
Zmebi mividnen jonson kvaracxeliasTan dabinavebul prezidentTan
1993 wlis 28 dekembers jixaSkarSi, romlebmac amcnes, rom am saxl-
Si Tqveni adgil-samyofeli uSiSroebisTvis cnobilia da saswra-
fod unda gamoicvaloT adgilio. Zmebma Cuxuebma Tavad gadaiyva-
nes prezidenti da premieri guguSvili ùsafrTxod~ dasaxelebul
Rurwkaiebis saxlSi, dacvis wevrebis gareSe, yvelani iq ver daetevi-
To da mxolod robinzon margvelani da baCuki gvancelaZe iaxles.
Zvel xibulaSi, Rurwkaiebis saxlSic, ukanasknel dReebSi (28-31
dekemberi), prezidents mxolod es Zmebi, Cuxuebi akiTxavdnen. karlo
Rurwkaias TqmiT, mis saxlSi tyviis gasrolamde, swored Zmebi Cuxue-
bi stumrobdnen da maTi wasvlis Semdeg maleve moxda is saSineli
gasrolac. SevardnaZis xuntisturma xelisuflebam ki, 1994 wlis 5
ianvars, gaavrcela oficialuri informacia, prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias TviTmkvlelobis Sesaxeb zviadis garemocvis -guguSvilis,
margvelanisa da gvancelaZis informaciaze dayrdnobiT.
sazRvargareT emigrirebuli prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gare-
mocva – besarion guguSvili, robinzon margvelani, baCuki gvancelaZe
– bolomde mtkiced adastureben zviadis `TviTmkvlelobis faqts~.
iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom zviadis, saboloo – samkaciani
garemocva, sandoobis maRali xarisxiT iqna SerCeuli Sevard-
naZisa da ruseTis specsamsaxurebis mier!
214
xolo, prezidentis dacvis danarCenma wevrebma, gamoiCines
sruli upasuxismgebloba, boTeoba, an isinic mosyidulebi iyvnen,
ukritikod da morCilad danebdnen ra prezidentisgan maT Camo-
cilebas.
erTob bundovania prezident zviad gamsaxurdias eqTnebis: Tamar
giorgobianis, Tamar ZnelaZisa da agreTve, Jurnalist Tamila
lomiSvilis funqcia prezidentis uaxloes garemocvaSi; rodis
daSordnen zemoxsenebuli eqTnebi prezidents da visi miTiTebiT.
ar aris gamoricxuli, maTi rolic, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
SeTqmulebasa da RalatSi...
eqimma daviT jalaRoniam, romelmac balzamireba gaukeTa pre-
zidentis cxedars, samive garemocvis winaSe kompetenturad ga-
nacxada, rom Wrilobebi (ori Wriloba) TviTmkvlelobis STabeW-
dilebas ar tovebda, razec premierma guguSvilma ukmexad upasuxa,
rom es misi saqme ar aris!
niSandoblivia, rom prezidentis mkvlelobis saqmesTan dakav-
Sirebuli TiTqmis yvela adamiani, uaxloes wlebSi saeWvod daiRu-
pa: ludmila Rurwkaia, arsen mesxia, jonson kvaracxelia, Tavad
eqimi daviT jalaRoniac...
zviadis saflavis egshumacia jixaSkarSi, valiko zarandias
sadurglodan 1994 wlis 17 Tebervals moxda, saidanac senakis
aerodromSi iqna gadayvanili, xolo senakidan ki tu-134-iT ga-
dasvenebul iqna CeCneTSi, vice-prezident zelimxan iandarbievis
xelmZRvanelobiT. groznoSi, zviad gamsaxurdiasaTvis gamoyofil
samTavrobo rezidenciis did darbazSi, mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi
imarTeboda mravalricxovani samoqalaqo panaSvidebi inguSeTidan
da yabardo-balyareTidan, yazbegidan CamosulebiT.
215
zarandias sadurgloSi, kldovani qvis Savi marmarilos natexze
amokveTilia warwera merab kostavas leqsidan `Seni samSoblo aris
suleTi...~
valiko zarandias saxlis foto, sainteresoa im mxriv, Tu ro-
gori specSerCeviT iqna masze arCevani gakeTebuli (ix. fotoebi gv
215-ze);
jixaSkari maRalmTiani sofelia da zarandiebis saxlis gar-
Semo, erTi kilometris radiusSi, mosaxleoba ar aris. saxls ki
ara aqvs meore sarTulze asasvleli gareTa kibe arcerTi mxri-
dan (arc uknidan). mxolod pirveli sarTulis Sida ukana oTaxidan
midgmuli aqvs sacalfexo kibe, romelzec micvalebulis sakaciT
atana SeuZlebeli unda yofiliyo. Cvens mier mopovebuli infor-
maciiT, prezidentis cxedris atana moxda gverdiTi fanjridan.
yvelaferi ki maqsimaluri usafrTxoebis mizniT keTdeboda, raTa
eWvis safuZveli maqsimalurad gamoricxuliyo. zarandiebis saxli,
rogorc garegani mdgomareobiT (vizuali), aseve quCaSi SemTxveviT
gavlili TanasoflelisTvisac amgvar pirobas akmayofilebda.
cxedris garegnuli daTvaliereba, Sida sacalfexo kibiT, or-
jer moxda Tbilisidan Casuli eqspert-kriminalistebis mier (Ta-
mar dekanosiZe, levan CaCua, paTolog-anatomi revaz kapanaZe da
sxv. dekanosiZe ybis qvemoT meore savaraudo Wrilobam daaeWva...).
gardacvlili prezidentis erT-erTi mcvelis m. WiWinavas Tq-
miT, misi ganbana-gapatiosnebis dros sxeulze SeamCnia lurji
zolebi, rac SeiZleba mowamvliT yofiliyo gamowveulio. pre-
zidentis sicocxleSi mowamvlis Civilebs adastureben sxva mcve-
lebic da prezidentis qvrivmac araerTxel ganacxada, rom zviads
wamlavdneno. am borotganzraxul mavneblobaze ki mxolod, pre-
zidentis uaxloes garemocvas Tu miuwvdeboda xeli...
groznoSi Casvenebul saqarTvelos prezidents rusul marT-
lmadideblur taZarSi wesi augo adgilobrivma mRvdelmsaxurma
mama petrem. uzenaesi sabWos deputatis beJan javaxias gadmoce-
miT, Cveni prezidentisaTvis wesis agebis dros, kvira dRis wirva
tardeboda da taZarSi uamravi xalxi eswreboda. `CvenTan movida
erT-erTi rusi mrevlTagani da patieba gvTxova rusi eris saxe-
liT: `gvapatieT, Cven varT misi mkvlelebio~. taZris msaxurebi
didi pativiscemiT ixseniebdnen zviad gamsaxurdias, romelic am
taZarSi eswreboda xolme wirvebso. beJan javaxias monayolidan
216
cnobili xdeba agreTve, rom joxar dudaevis erT-erT warmomad-
genels hqonda idea, rom zviadi daekrZalaT groznos centralur
– mansuris moedanze, rogorc erTiani kavkasiisa da Tavisufle-
bis simbolo... beJan javaxiasave gadmocemiT, aeroportSi Camosve-
nebuli zviadi, pirdapir groznos saavadmyofoSi gadaasvenes iqve
daxvedrili iqauri eqimis TanxlebiT, sadac vimedovnebdiT, rom
Cautardeboda eqspertizao, magram uari uTxreso...
zviad gamsaxurdiasaTvis groznoSi gamoyofil samTavrobo
rezidenciis did darbazSi, mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi imarTe-
boda mravalricxovani samoqalaqo panaSvidebi inguSeTidan da
yabardo-balyareTidan, yazbegidan CamosulebiT. damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, CeCneTis
damoukidebeli respublikis pirvelma prezidentma joxar dudae-
vma, 1994 wlis 23 Tebervals, samxedro pativiT gadaasvena Tavisi
rezidenciis marmarilos darbazSi. dudaevma, TariRi – 23 Teber-
vali, sagangebod daamTxvia vainaxi (CeCeni da inguSi) xalxis, ru-
seTis mier, kavkasiidan deportaciis 50 wlisTavs. 24 Tebervals
ki, samxedro pativiTve dakrZala groznos rezidenciis win, iq sa-
dac ori weli ojaxTan erTad cxovrobda saqarTvelodan devnili
prezidenti. meufe ambrosi qaTamaZisa da mRvdlis konstantines
(koRuaSvili) mier gadaxdil iqna samgloviaro panaSvidebi. gamo-
saTxovar sityvaSi joxar dudaevma, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
gardacvalebasTan dakavSirebiT Tqva, rom ìgi nebayoflobiT wavi-
da amqveynieri cxovrebidan~-o, rac TviTmkvlelobis oficialuri
versiis perifrazi gaxldaT. gardacvlil saqarTvelos prezi-
dents ki, arc saqarTveloSi da arc CeCneTSi Catarebia eqsperti-
za. dudaevi, vfiqrobT, daeyrdno besarion guguSvilis informa-
cias da ar hqonda sakmarisi dro kritikulad misdgomoda zviadis
gardacvalebis garemoebebs. Tumca mas, rogorc umaRles xelisu-
falsa da politikur pirs, hqonda valdebuleba, saerTaSoriso sa-
marTlis normebiTa da dagenili protokolis mixedviT emoqmeda...
217
fotoze, groznos marmarilos sasaxleSi zviadis sapatio yaraulSi,
mklavze samgloviaro lentebiT dganan: vaxtang boWoriSvili, nodar
jalaRonia, guram SaraZe, soso sigua.
218
saqarTvelos prezidentis dakrZalvas groznoSi 2 aTasamde Ca-
suli qarTveli daeswro, miuxedavad imisa, rom SevardnaZis xuntam
yvela Rones mimarTa, raTa daebrkolebina wamsvlelebi; dedaqa-
laqSi, mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi gaTiSuli iyo eleqtro-energia,
wyali, gazis miwodeba, aeroportamde ar moZraobda avtobusebi da
eklesiebSic ki, im xnis ganmavlobaSi maqsimalurad SezRudes sanT-
lebis gayidva, sulze, mxolod, TiTo sanTels iZleodnen mesanT-
leebi. mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi davrbodiT eklesiebSi, raTa
saWiro raodenobis sanTlebi Segvegrovebina groznoSi wasaRebad.
Zalian mimZims amis Tqma, magram qarTvelma erma unda icodes ekle-
siis ierarqiis maSindeli damokidebuleba prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias mimarT;
imxanad, patriarqis rezidencia sionis eklesiis gverdiT mde-
bareobda. me da Cemi megobrebi mivediT patriarqis rezidenciasTan,
raTa gveTxova 300 sanTlis Sesyidvis ufleba groznoSi wasaRebad.
patriarqma, erTi saaTis lodinis miuxedavad, ar migviRo. Sevbrun-
diT sionis eklesiaSi da episkoposs (gvari ar maxsovs) vTxoveT,
iqneb eTxova patriarqisTvis, rom am gansakuTrebuli viTarebisT-
vis daeSvaT CvenTvis sanTlebis Sesyidvis ufleba. episkoposi, yoy-
manis miuxedavad, mainc wavida rezidenciaSi, magram saaTnaxevris
gasvlis Semdgom mivxvdiT, rom amaod velodiT.
Cven, sxvadasxva eklesiebSi sul samocdaaTamde sanTlis Segro-
veba da waReba SevZeliT (RmerTma yvelas Seundos...).
Cveni, prezidentze mgloviare qarTvelebis, arc groznoSi
gafrena da arc dabruneba iyo usafrTxo; SevardnaZis xuntisturi
reJimis specsamsaxurebi, aeroportSi aRricxavda da uTvalTvaleb-
da yvela Cvengans. iyvnen adamianebi, romlebic rigi mizezebis gamo
ver modiodnen dakrZalvaze groznoSi, magram wamsvlelebs, saku-
Tari manqanebiT aeroportSi miyvana SemogvTavazes, gacileba da
yvavilebis kalaTebis usafrTxod mitana trapamde maT uzrunvely-
ves. roca groznodan davbrundiT, CvenTvis cnobili gaxda, rom Se-
vardnaZis uSiSroebam gzaze sdia maT da TiToeul maTgans fiziku-
rad sastikad gauswordnen. xolo Cven, dabrunebulebs, uSiSroebis
mTeli brigadebi dagxvda aeroportTan, romlebic gvTavazobdnen
TavianTi manqanebiT saxlebSi ufasod miyvanas. didi Zalisxme-
va damWirda, rom romelime maTgani ar SeetyuebinaT uSiSroebis
manqanebSi. me am reisis samgloviaro delegaciis xelmZRvaneli
219
gaxldiT da mqonda moraluri valdebuleba, Tanmxlebi pirebis,
ojaxebSi usafrTxod dabrunebisa, uSiSroeba ki pirdapir nadi-
robda Cvenze...
msoflio istoriaSi cnobili gmirebis tragikul bedisweras
Tu ganvazogadebT zviad gamsaxurdiaze da aqsiomatur pirobadac
Tu miviRebT klasikosi konstantines im sentencias, rom `yoveli
gmiri, bolos da bolos, unda damarcxdes~, istoriul kanonzo-
mierebad unda miviRoT zviadis aRsasrulic. uaxles istoriaSi da-
moukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis mkvlelobis mZime
dokumentad rCeba, agreTve mis gardacvalebasTan dakavSirebuli
SeTqmulebis
`x e l S e k r u l e b a~
èrTis mxriv, Cvens – zviad gamsaxurdias TviTmkvlelo-

bis mowmeebsa da meore mxriv, zviad gamsaxurdias ojaxs Soris,
misi qvrivis manana arCvaZis saxiT, saerTaSoriso SuamavalTa mo-
nawileobiT da mowmeobiT moxda qvemeore SeTanxmeba da garigeba
zviad gamsaxurdias TviTmkvlelobiT sikvdilis Sesaxeb.
`zviad gamsaxurdias ojaxi, misi qvrivis saxiT, arasodes ar wa-
moayenebs raime sxva versias zviad gamsaxurdias sikvdilis Sesaxeb,
garda TviTmkvlelobisa. xolo Cven, zviad gamsaxurdias TviT-
mkvlelobis mowmeebi ar moviTxovT cxedris mimarT sasamarTlo
– samedicino eqspertizas, arc CeCneTSi da arc saqarTveloSi da
ar miviRebT monawileobas amasTan dakavSirebul araviTar gamoZie-
baSi;
prezidentis ojaxis moTxovna: ojaxis wevrebi da sikvdilis
mowmeebi kategoriulad uars amboben gamsaxurdias sikvdilTan
dakavSirebul gamoZiebasa Tu raime gamokvlevaSi monawileobaze.
prezident gamsaxurdias ojaxi kategoriulad uars ambobs, rom
gardacvlilis cxedari gakveTon, gamoikvlion an ganaxorcielon,
raime sxva moqmedeba, garda uSualod adgilze amocnobisa.~
zemomoyvanili `xelSekrulebis~ dadebis mTavari iniciato-

ri b-n besarion guguSvili acxadebs: ès saerTaSoriso doneze
miRebuli da dafiqsirebuli xelSekrulebaa da am xelSekrule-
bis damrRvevi mxare, Tu sasamarTlo arsebobs, an iarsebebs, unda
220
daisajos... swored am xelSekrulebis arsebobis gamo da mis Se-
sabamisad, zviad gamsaxurdias daRupvisa da miT umetes, fizikuri
likvidaciis Sesaxeb veraviTari gamoZieba da gamokvleva vera da
ar Catardeba! SeuZlebelia!~
garda imisa, rom dokumentebSi gacxadebuli `saerTaSoriso
SuamavalTa monawileoba~ bundovani da gaurkvevelia konkretul
pirTa dasaxelebis gareSe, es erTob saeWvo orive dokumenti, Cveni
TvalsazriT, sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis niSnebsac Seicavs da
mTavar samxils unda warmoadgendes besarion guguSvilis mimarT.
groznoSi Sedgenili `moTxovnebis~ dokumenti
«1. mogveces garantiebi daubrkoleblad da dauyovnebliv

cxedris gadasasveneblad CeCneTis respublikis teritoriaze, sa-
dac droebiT cxovrobs micvalebulis ojaxi.
2. mogveces garantiebi xelSeuxeblobisa da saqarTvelodan
daubrkoleblad gasvlisa ojaxis wevrebis, sikvdilis TviTmxilve-
lebisa da sxva pirebisa, romlebic monawileobas miiReben cxedris
gadasvenebaSi.
3. ojaxis wevrebi da sikvdilis TviTmxilvelebi kategoriul
uars acxadeben prezident gamsaxurdias sikvdilTan dakavSirebiT
raime gamoZiebaSi monawileobis miRebaze.
4. prezident gamsaxurdias ojaxi kategoriul uars ambobs
micvalebulis cxedris gakveTaze, gamokvlevaze an sxva raime moq-
medebaze, garda gamocnobisa, uSualod cxedris adgilsamyofelze.
5. micvalebulis ojaxi moiTxovs Seiqmnas saerTaSoriso jgufi,
romelic uzrunvelyofs zemodasaxelebul moTxovnaTa Sesrule-
baze meTvalyureobas.
ojaxi moiTxovs zemoTaRniSnul moTxovnaTa umokles vadaSi
ganxorcielebas.
manana arCvaZe – gamsaxurdia, 13.1.1994’~.
arsebobs, agreTve depeSis teqsti q-n manana arCvaZe – gam-

saxurdiasi joxar dudaevisadmi, romelSic q-n manana gamoxatavs
neba-survils, rom prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia daikrZalos
groznoSi.
221
zviadis saqarTveloSi dakrZalvaze SevardnaZis oficialuri
uaris pasuxad ìmelis~ Senobis (maSindeli parlamentis) win daiwyo
erovnuli moZraobis SimSilobis aqcia prezidentis saqarTveloSi
dakrZalvis moTxovniT, rac SevardnaZis specnazelebis mier dar-
beul iqna. e. SevardnaZes, j. ioseliansa da T. kitovans ar surdaT
zviadis saqarTveloSi dakrZalvac ki. SevardnaZis xuntam sapro-
testo aqciis monawileebi gandevna ìmelis~ parlamentis terito-
riidan, Semdeg sdies quCebSi da òmonis~ specmanqanebSi Serekes.
profesor guram SaraZis sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTveloSi dakrZalvis moTxovnisTvis dar-
beul-dakavebuli eronuli Zalebis mxar dasaWerad, igi òmonis~
rafSi sakuTari nebiT Sevida da dakavebulTa bedi gaiziara.
222
SevardnaZis xuntisturi reJimis mier sicocxleSi devnili
pirveli prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, sikvdilSic ki devni-
lad iqca.
prezident zaviad gamsaxurdias gardacvalebis Sesaxeb infor-
maciis gavrcelebisTanave xalxma `kolxur koSkSi~ uwyvet nakadad
iwyo dena.
meore dRes, `kolxur koSkSi~ Sekrebilma erovnulma moZraobam

miiRo gadawyvetileba xuntis meriaSi SeetanaT gancxadeba samdRia-
ni samgloviaro mitingis moTxovniT mTavrobis saxlTan. vinaidan
xuntis xelisuflebisgan mosalodneli iyo mitingis Zalismieri
meTodebiT aRkveTa, organizatorebma sagangebo miwveva-Setyobine-
ba gavugzavneT saqarTveloSi akreditirebul amerikis, germaniis,
ruseTisa da TurqeTis saelCoebs, raTa dakvirveba ewarmoebinaT
samgloviaro mitingebis msvlelobaze (ix. fotoebi da dokumente-
bi).
223
224
225
xuntis meriam da sakrebulom (niko lekiSvili, konstantine
kapanaZe, Salva obgaiZe, kote gabaSvili, zaza Sengelia), mitingis
nebarTvis nacvlad, mTavrobis saxlis win, sami dRis ganmavloba-
Si (15-18 ianvari), beteerebi da specnazi Caayena da momitingeebs,
Sekrebisa da axlos misvlis saSualeba ar mogvces. amasTanave, wina
RamiT, mitingis organizatorebis saxlebSi daiwyes SeWra. mitingis
dRes, 15 ianvars daakaves 80 adamiani. 16 ianvars `kolxur koSkSi~
Sekrebilebma miviReT sagangebo `rezolucia~ xuntis meTauris e.
SevardnaZisa da oTar facacias (mTavrobis faqtiuri Tav-re) mi-
marT, romelSic pirvel moTxovnad gaJRerebul iqna daRupuli
prezidentis saqarTveloSi dakrZalva. xolo, Tu prezidentis
qvrivi moiTxovda mis CeCneTSi gadasvenebas, miscemoda mas cxe-
dris mSvidobianad gadasvenebis garantiebi.
`rezoluciaSi~, agreTve dagmobil iqna 15 ianvris mitingis
darbeva (ix. dokumentebi).
226
227
xuntis reJimis represiuli politikis miuxedavad, saqarTvelos
mosaxleobaSi ar wydeboda mRelvareba da protesti prezidentis
gardacvalebis gamo, romlis bunebrivi sikvdilis, miTumetes, `TviT-
mkvlelobis~ versiisa, aravis sjeroda. qarTveli eris mzrunveli
yuradReba dReniadag mipyrobili iyo samegrelosaken, saidanac pre-
zidentis garemocvisagan modioda damaimedebeli informaciebi misi
228
usafrTxoebisa da kargadyofnobis Sesaxeb. Tu prezidentis janmrTe-
loba (mowamvla, depresia) mZime iyo, guguSvils unda miemarTa saer-
TaSoriso jandacvis organizaciebisaTvis. premier-ministr besarion
guguSvilsa da prezidentis dacvas, hqondaT maRali valdebuleba
gaevrcelebinaT oficialuri informaciebi maT realur (safrTxis-
Semcvel) mdgomareobaze. marTalia, savele pirobebi, iolad ar
iZleoda amis SesaZleblobas, magram guguSvilis politikuri nebis
SemTxvevaSi, araferi iyo SeuZlebeli; Tundac, zepiri informaciis
miwvdena erovnuli mTavrobis momxre JurnalistTa korpusisa da
uflebaTa dacvis adgilobrivi organizaciebisaTvis.
sruliad daujerebelia, rom prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia

Tavadac ar cdila oficialur sagangebo mimarTvebs msoflios
politikuri wreebis, diplomatebisa da JurnalistebisaTvis,
qarTveli erisaTvis devnili erovnuli mTavrobis ukanaskneli
dReebis Sesaxeb.
amgvarma sainformacio vakuumma ganapiroba sruli undobloba
da eWvi xuntis xelisuflebisa da prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
ukanaskneli samkaciani garemocvis mier gavrcelebuli informa-
ciisadmi prezidentis TviTmkvlelobis Sesaxeb.
male, xuntam gaasaidumlova prezidentis gardacvalebisa da
dakrZalvis adgili da am saburveliT xalxSi farulad gaavrcela
229
xmebi zviadis sicocxlis Sesaxeb: `cocxlia da gamoCndeba~o. gu-
lubryvilo xalxis masebSi, zviadis gardacvalebasTan dakavSire-
biT amuSavda `mjera-armjeras~ sindromi, ramac Seanela sapro-
testo talRa. amieridan, zviadis sikvdil-sicocxlis sakiTxi,
miTiT Seimosa. 1993 wlidan Seqmnili miTi zviadis sicocxlis Se-
saxeb, dRemde moqmedebs da zviads, 2018 welsac, aTonis mTidan
elodeba erovnuli moZraobis nawili.
erovnuli moZraobis liderebma, 1994 wlidan 2018 wlamde,
araerTxel mivmarTeT saqarTvelos prokuraturas gancxadebebiT
prezidentis mkvlelobis gamoZiebis Sesaxeb da mitingebic movawy-
veT prokuraturasTan. prokuraturam, Tumca gamoZieba daiwyo, ma-
gram saqme bolomde dRemde ar aris miyvanili, radgan ar arsebobs
saamiso politikuri neba xelisuflebis mxridan.
zviad gamsaxurdia, Tavganwiruli mamuliSvilobiT, masze Se-
qmnili legendebiTa Tu miTebiT saocrad hgavs saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobisaTvis Seupovar mebrZols aleqsandre batoniSvils,
romelic 60 weli eoma okupant ruseTs. erekle meoris meTeqvsmete
Svilis (mesame colis, darejanisgan), aleqsandre batoniSvilis
saxeli, TiTqmis me-20 saukunis 90-ian wlebamde istoriaSi miCq-
malul iyo. aseve, 90-iani wlebidan, zviad gamsaxurdias saxelic
miCqmalulia oficialur istoriaSi da metwilad mas mxolod ne-
gatiur konteqstSi moixsenieben. aleqsandre batoniSvils, iseve
rogorc zviads, Crdilo kavkasiaSi – daRestanSi mouwia gaqceva.
aleqsandre batoniSvilis mowafe gaxldaT kavkasiis gmiri Samili,
iseve rogorc zviadisa – joxar dudaevi. aleqsandre batoniSvi-
li 74 wlis asakSi gardaicvala (TeiranSi da dakrZalulia iqve).
misi gardacvaleba ar sjeroda qarTvel xalxs da aTeuli wlis
ganmavlobaSi eloda mas (d. 1770 – g. 1844). zviadi mokles 53 wlis
asakSi da mas dRemde imediT elodeba qarTveli eri. zviadic, ale-
qsandre batoniSviliviT, 12 wlis asakidan ibrZoda saqarTvelos
damoukideblobisaTvis da sicocxlis bolomde ar Seuwyvetia
brZola imperialisturi ruseTis winaaRmdeg.
miuxedavad imisa, rom 1918-21 wlebis saqarTvelos damoukideblo-
bisa da 1990-92 wlebis damoukideblobis politikuri bediswera bevrad
hgavs erTmaneTs imperialisturi ruseTis agresiiT, noe Jordanias
pirvel prezidentad moxsenieba umarTebuloa da arc, rogorc poli-
tikuri figura, Tavisi biografiiT utoldeba zviad gamsaxurdias.
230
levilSi (safrangeTi) dakrZalul noe Jordanias saflavis mo-
numentur marmarilos amSvenebs, erovnul droSebis arSiaSi Casmu-
li Jordanias foto, oqrosasoebiani orenovani warweriT: `saqar-
Tvelos respublikis pirveli prezidenti~.
social-demokrat noe Jordanias politikur mizans ki arasodes
warmoadgenda saqarTvelos damoukidebloba, aramed mTeli misi
mrwamsiT igi ruseTis qveSevrdomobis momxre gaxldaT. Jordania,
samkvdro-sasicocxlod emtereboda saqarTvelos damoukideblobi-
saTvis mebrZol mamuliSvilebs da maT ideur mamas – ilia WavWavaZes.
igi Tavisi politikuri mrwamsiT 1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluciis
gulmxurvale mokavSire gaxldaT da mxolod rus social-demokrate-
bTan mWidro kavSirSi esaxeboda saqarTvelos momavali. 1918 wlis 26
maiss, Jordaniasa da misi mTavrobis mier saqarTvelos damoukide-
blobis gamocxadeba Seqmnili politikuri viTarebiT iyo ganpirobe-
buli da iZulebiT aucileblobas warmoadgenda bolSevikuri oq-
tombris revoluciis SedegiT. damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli
Tavmjdomare Jordania itovebda imeds, rom ruseTis xelisuflebaSi
kvlav dabrundebodnen menSeviki social-demokratebi da am SemTxve-
vaSi saqarTvelo uars ityoda saxelmwifoebriv damoukideblobaze.
unda iTqvas isic, rom 1918 wlis
26 maiss, erovnul sabWos, pirvel
Tavmjdomared ar aurCevia Jorda-
nia, aramed noe ramiSvili airCia.
erTi Tvis Semdeg (24 ivniss), noe
Jordaniam iZulebiT aTqmevina uari
noe ramiSvils mTavrobis Tavmjdo-
mareobaze, raSic man valiko juRe-
lis gvardielebi moiSvelia. mxo-
lod am gziT moipova noe Jordaniam
mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris maRali
Tanamdeboba. noe ramiSvili ki bas-
ri kritikiT werda: òr welze me-
tia, rac ruseTi xmliTa da maxvi-
liT SemoiWra saqarTveloSi da
daamxo demokratiuli respublika~.
amgvarad, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli da sworu-
povari prezidenti mxolod zviad gamsaxurdia gaxldaT.
231
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTveloSi gadmosvenebis sakiTxi
pirvelad, xuntis parlamentSi, 1999 wels Tengiz siguam(?!) daayena. am
qvabavazakis mxridan, iyo Tu ara es Jesti sulgrZelobis, mimteveblo-
bisa Tu sinanulis kompensireba, Zneli saTqmelia. mis winadadebas aq-
tiurad gamoexmaura aslan abaSiZec. aRmoCnda rom, aRarc SevardnaZe
iyo winaaRmdegi. xuntis xelisuflebis iniciativas Taviseburad upa-
suxa 1997 wlidan saqarTveloSi dabrunebulma prezidentis qvrivma:~es
sakiTxi zviad gamsaxurdias ojaxis gadasawyvetiao~. qalbatoni mananas
pasuxs Cveni sagazeTo replika mohyva (ix. gv. 234).
fotoebze Cans iavarqmnili zviadis groznos sasaxle da mis win zvia-
dis saflavic. xolo meore fotoze sasaxlis imJamdeli mdgomareoba...
imperialisturi ruseTis mier mooxrebul da omis grigalga-
davlil groznoSi prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saflavis mdgo-
mareoba unugeSo iyo da misi monaxulebac ver xerxdeboda, rac
amZafrebda Cvens varams.
kibis moajiris qvemoT, jvaraRmarTuli zviadis saflavi
232
2001 wels, saqarTvelos parlamentis iniciativiT miRebuli dad-
genilebis safuZvelze, gaigzavna mimarTva generalur prokuror
gia mefariSvilis saxelze, zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg aRZru-
li sisxlis samarTlis saqmis gadasinjvis Taobaze. xolo Semdgom,
sasamarTlo wesiT ganxilvis Sesaxeb, gardacvlili prezidentis
reablitaciisa da Serigebis procesis warmarTvis mizniT. aRniS-
nul informacias umal gamoexmaurnen xuntis avangardSi mdgari
mwerlebi da kulturis muSakebi: Wabua amirejibi, viqtor rcxi-
laZe, emzar kvitaiSvili, guram benaSvili, manana gigineiSvili,
nodar lomouri, Temo gocaZe, jumber TiTmeria, Tamaz kvaWan-
tiraZe. gazeT `saqarTvelos respublikaSi~ gagzavnil werilSi,
isini SeSfoTebas gamoTqvamdnen zviad gamsaurdias SesaZlo rea-
bilitaciasTan dakavSirebiT da aseT SemTxvevaSi askvnidnen, rom
`sazogadoebrivi simSvidis nacvlad Cven mivdivarT qaosisa da
anarqiisaken~. isini Seagonebdnen prokurors, rom kitovanis 200
gvardieli ver daamxobda zviadis xelisuflebas `Tuki maT ar
233
eqnebodaT sazogadoebis farTo mxardaWera~, anu, momxdari, namd-
vili `saxalxo revolucia~ iyovo.
zemoxsenebul gancxadebaze xelmowera, ubralod daugvianda
`wiTel disident~ viqtor rcxilaZes, razec man xmamaRali sinanu-
li gamoTqva: `vwuxvar rom gulistkiviliT ar mivmarTe 2001 wels
generalur prokuraturas, rom ar daeSvaT zviad gamsaxurdias
gamarTleba (`reabilitacia~). ixileT `saqarTvelos respublika `
2001 wlis 29 ivnisi, sadac gancxadebas, Cems garda, xels megobari
literatorebi awereno~.
mixeil saakaSvilma, xelisuflebaSi mosvlisTanave gamosca
erovnuli Tanxmobis deklaracia, rasac gTavazobT srulad:
erovnuli Tanxmobis deklaracia

2004 wlis 4 ianvars saprezidento arCevnebiT dasrulda Tavi-
suflebisa da samoqalaqo uflebebis dacvisTvis saxalxo brZolis
mniSvnelovani etapi.
pirvelad, ukanaskneli Tormeti wlis ganmavlobaSi, SesaZle-
beli gaxda saxelmwifoebriobis, kanonierebisa da samarTliano-
bisTvis brZolaSi 1991-92 wlebis tragikuli movlenebis Sedegad
dapirispirebuli mxareebis erTad dadgoma. qarTvelma erma, sa-
qarTvelos mosaxleobam kidev erTxel daamtkica, rom mzad aris
damoukidebeli, demokratiuli saxelmwifos Sesaqmnelad.
mjera, rom saqarTveloSi iwyeba ganaxlebisa da WeSmaritad
demokratiuli ganviTarebis axali era. 1990 wlis 28 oqtomberis
sayovelTao demokratiuli arCevnebiT arCeuli erovnuli xelisu-
flebis warmomadgenlebi da 2003 wlis noembris revoluciiTa da
2004 wlis 4 ianvris arCevnebiT saxelmwifos saTaveSi mosuli xeli-
sufleba, erToblivi miznisa da interesebis SegnebiT, vaqveynebT
memorandums, raTa sabolood aRmoifxvras 1991-92 wlebis movlene-
biT gamowveuli dapirispireba da miRweuli iqnas erovnuli Tanx-
moba saxelmwifoebrivi aRmSeneblobisa da mSvidobiani sazogadoe-
brivi Tanacxovrebis principebze.
mimaCnia, rom 1991-92 wlebis mijnaze saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg
moewyo SeTqmuleba, roca Sinaganma da gareganma antierovnulma
Zalebma moawyves samxedro saxelmwifo gadatrialeba, rogorc is
kvalificirebulia saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos 1992
wlis 13 martis dadgenilebaSi, xolo saqarTvelos parlamentis
234
2000 wlis 20 aprilis dadgenilebiT, Sefasebulia, rogorc kano-
nieri xulisuflebis damxoba da samoqalaqo konfrontacia. es iyo
komunistur-nomenklaturuli revanSi.
saqarTvelos axali xelisufleba qarTvel xalxs aRuTqvams,
rom Seqmnis samarTlebriv bazas, Sida konfliqtebisa da xeli-
suflebisTvis brZolis saqmeSi ucxo qveynis jaris gamoyenebis
ideologiisa da saqmianobis amosaZirkvad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,
qveyana arc momavalSi iqneba dazRveuli amgvari antisaxelmwifoe-
brivi qmedebisagan. aseTia im xalxis neba, romelic Tavisuflebis
sadarajoze uryevad idga mTavrobis saxlis win da sicocxlis fa-
sad daicva sakuTari Rirseba.
erovnuli Tanxmobis principebidan da saxelmwifoebrivi inte-
resebidan gamomdinare, aucileblad mimaCnia:
mieces politikur-samarTlebrivi Sefaseba 1991-92 wlebis
movlenebs;
srulad warmoCindes saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis – zviad
gamsaxurdias roli saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenasa
da demokratizmis damkvidrebaSi. SemuSavdes da ganxorcieldes
misi saxelis ukvdavsayofi RonisZiebebi;
gamocxaddes amnistia 1991-92 wlebis movlenebis mizezebiT, Se-
vardnaZis xelisuflebasTan politikuri SeuTavseblobis niadagze
dapirispirebulTa, patimarTa da ZebnilTa mimarT;
erovnuli Tanxmobis procesis, Tanxmobis komisiis saqmianobis
gavrceleba afxazeTisa da samaCablos problemebze, qveyanaSi er-
Tiani samarTlebrivi sivrcis aRdgenis sakiTxebze;
Sesabamisma saxelmwifo organoebma SeimuSaon konkretuli Ro-
nisZiebebi am deklaraciiT gansazRvruli sakiTxebis realizebisa-
Tvis.
rogorc 23 noebris movlenebma, ise 4 ianvris saprezidento
arCevnebma mTel msoflios daanaxva, rom qarTvelma xalxma ukve
meramdened gauZlo istoriis ulmobel gamocdas, SeinarCuna erov-
nuli Rirseba da daamtkica, rom mzad aris momavalSic Sinagani
mdgradobiT zidos erovnuli da sakacobrio faseulobaTa tvirTi.
amitom arsebobs yovelnairi moraluri da kanonieri safuZveli,
erTad, konsolidirebulad, TanxmobiT ganvamtkicoT demokratiu-
li sistema, davicvaT TiToeuli moqalaqis ufleba, aRvadginoT
kanonis uzenaesoba yvelgan, yvela mimarTulebiT, gavyveT im
235
kurss, romelic arCeuli gvqonda damoukideblobis gamocxadebis
pirveli dReebidanve da avaSenoT axali, Zlieri da damoukidebeli
saxelmwifo.
saqarTvelos prezidenti mixeil saakaSvili
Tbilisi, 30.01. 2004
es ki gaxlavT 2000 wlis 20 aprilis parlamentis dadgenileba.
236
2004 wels, prezidentma saakaSvilma Seqmna 1991-1993 wlebSi
xelisuflebis ukanonod SecvlasTan dakavSirebuli movlenebis
Semswavleli komisia (ix. dokumenti)
Tumca, am gankargulebam saTanadod ver imuSava da ver dado

veranairi Sedegi; igi, mxolod, saakaSvilis keTili nebis dekla-
raciis doneze darCa.
mixeil saakaSvilis parlamentma samarTlebrivi Sefaseba mis-
ca dekember-ianvris saxelmwifo gadatrialebas Sesabamisi dadge-
nilebis aqtiT (ix. qvemoT).
saqarTvelos parlamentis dadgenileba 1991-92 wlebis

dekember-ianvris movlenebis samarTlebrivi Sefasebis Sesaxeb
·
saqarTvelos parlamentis dadgenileba
1991-92 wlebis dekember-ianvris movlenebis samarTlebrivi

Sefasebis Sesaxeb
237
saqarTvelos parlamenti miesalmeba saqarTveloSi mimdinare
erovnuli Tanxmobis process da miiCnevs, rom uaxlesi istoriis
swori da piruTvneli samarTlebrivi Sefaseba aucilebelia axa-
li qarTuli saxelmwifos mSeneblobisaTvis.
zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, saqarTvelos parlamenti ad-
gens:
1. saqarTvelos parlamenti kvlav adasturebs 1990 wlis 28
oqtombers arCeuli saqarTvelos uzenaesi sabWosa da 1991 wlis
26 maiss arCeuli saqarTvelos prezidentis, agreTve maTdami
daqvemdebarebuli struqturebis (SeiaraRebuli Zalebis CaT-
vliT) da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmarTvelobis
organoebis legitimurobas saTanado kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil
vadebSi. Sesabamisad gadaisinjos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebi im
pirTa mimarT, romelTa braldeba emyareboda miTiTebul saxe-
lisuflebo struqturebSi maT monawileobas da maT politikur
mrwamss.
2. daigmos 1991-92 wlebis dekember-ianvris antikonstituciu-
ri SeiaraRebuli saxelmwifo gadatrialeba.
3. es dadgenileba amoqmeddes gamoqveynebisTanave.
saqarTvelos parlamentis
Tavmjdomaris moadgile m. maWavariani
Tbilisi,
2005 wlis 11 marti.
№1104–Is
saakaSvili, axalbeda politikosobisas, TviTonac prezident

zviad gamsaxurdias opozicias warmoadgenda da saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoebriobis sazianodac Zalzed mZime gancxadebebic aqvs
gakeTebuli. ai, Tundac es ori gancxadeba rad Rirs!
~...arsebobs ori konstituciuri gamosavali. pirveli, es aris
orpalatiani parlamentis Seqmna da saqarTvelos federalur
saxelmwifod gardaqmna. es Zalze rTuli procesia uaxloes mo-
mavalSi am sakiTxis gadawyveta metad saTuoa. meore gamosava-
lia saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela erovnuli umciresobisTvis
avtonomiis miniWeba. laparakia saerTaSoriso standartebze da-
fuZnebul kulturul avtonomiaze. Cvens qveyanaSi mcxovrebma
yvela erovnulma umciresobam, romlis ricxvi aRemateba vTqvaT
238
oc aTass,unda airCios erovnul-kulturuli organo – erovnuli
sabWo.erovnuli sabWo iqneba erovnuli umciresobis warmomad-
genelis saqarTvelos centralur sammarTvelo struqturebSi...~
mixeil saakaSvili,~qartia-91~-is erovnebaTSorisi urTierTobis
komisiis wevri.
1992 wels, polonur Jurnal `vprostSi~ gamoqveynda statia
maria griJakis avtorobiT `kavkasieli huseini~ mixeil saakaSvilis
interviudan, sadac igi acxadebs: `gamsaxurdiam daiwyo rogorc
disidentma da daasrula rogorc tiranma, is sadam huseins hgavs~,
mixeil saakaSvili im periodSi muSaobda adamianis uflebaTa nor-
vegiul institutSi osloSi.
miuxedavad yovelive amisa, saakaSvili, SevardnaZe-ivaniSvilis

xelisuflebebis fonze, mainc rCeba erTaderT prezidentad, ro-
melmac mniSvnelovani politikuri aqtebi ganaxorciela damoukide-
beli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdiasa da
misi erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT, rasac qvemoT CamovTvliT.
saakaSvilis mier gaxorcielebuli aqtebi:
239
saakaSvilma 2004 wlis 30 ianvars miiRo erovnuli Tanxmo-
bis deklaracia, romlis ZaliTac tyidan srulad gamovidnen
zviad gamsaxurdias gvardiis partizanebi da patimrobidan ga-
Tavisufldnen prezident zviad gamsaxurdias momxre politpa-
timrebi. deklaraciaSi zviadis damxoba Sefasebulia komunis-
tur-nomenklaturul revanSad da gamoxatulia neba `mieces
politikur-samarTlebrivi Sefaseba 1991-92 wlebis movlenebs~;
saakaSvilma 2004 wlis 21 Tebervals gamosca `gankarguleba
№174 1991-93 wlebSi xelisuflebis ukanonod SecvlasTan dakav-
Sirebuli movlenebis Semswavleli komisiis Seqmnis Sesaxeb~,
romelSic Caiwera `saqarTvelos prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
fizikuri likvidaciis...~ Semswavleli komisia vano merabiSvi-
lis TavmjdomareobiT, romelSic Seyvanil iqnen uz.sabWos de-
putatebi da manana arCvaZe.
saakaSvilma Camoasvena sikvdilSic devnili pirveli pre-
zidenti saqarTveloSi 2007 wlis 28 marts.
saakaSvilma dakrZala zviadi mTawmindis panTeonSi da marma-
rilos nagebobiT keTilmoawyo saflavi saakaSvilis meriam.
mixeil saakaSvilis mier 2004 weli gamocxadda zviad gam-
saxurdias wlad da misi dabadebis dRe pirvelad aRiniSna
saxelmwifo doneze.
mixeil saakaSvilis parlamentma 2005 wlis 11 marts gamosca
dadgenileba 1991-92 wlebis dekember-ianvris antikonstituciu-
ri SeiaraRebuli saxelmwifo gadatrialebis dagmobis Sesaxeb.
saakaSvilis 2010 wlis 21 ivlisis parlamentis dadgenileba-
Si `saqarTvelos sabWoTa okupaciis Sesaxeb~, Caiwera: `1990-ian
wlebSi ruseTis federaciam moaxdina SeiaraRebuli konfliqte-
bis inspirireba saqarTvelos teritoriaze~.
saakaSvilis parlamentma 2011 wels Seqmna `zviad gamsaxur-
dias gardacvalebis garemoebebis damdgeni saparlamento komi-
sia~, parlamentar konstantine gamsaxurdias TavmjdomareobiT
da gamokvleuli masalebi gadaegzavna prokuraturas. konstan-
tine gamsaxurdias parlamentarobac, saakaSvilis keTili nebis
gamoxatuleba iyo.
saakaSvilma mdinare mtkvris mTavar sanapiros (gorgaslis
quCis) uwoda zviad gamsaxurdias sanapiro.
240
saakaSvilma 2013 wlis 26 oqtombers misi saprezidento
10-wliani vadis gasvlis mijnaze, zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab
kostavas, sxva mamuliSvilebTan erTad (general mazniaSvils,
grigol feraZes, ambrosi xelaias, mixako wereTels, eqvTime
TayaiSvils), erovnuli gmiris wodeba mianiWa. ris Sesaxebac
gancxadeba saakaSvilma sofel qvemo alvanSi gaakeTa: `miviRe
gadawyvetileba, erovnuli gmiris wodeba mivaniWo prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias – roca aravis axsovda saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobis idea, zviad gamsaxurdia iyo is, vinc iyo am
erovnuli CiraRdnis matarebeli. is iyo maSindeli saqarTve-
los simbolo, 90-iani wlebis dasawyisis. miviRe gadawyvetile-
ba, erovnuli gmiris wodeba mieniWos merab kostavasac, rome-
lic zviad gamsaxurdiasTan erTad iyo am ideis matarebeli – is
erTi wamiT ar Setokebula, erTi wamiT ar daTanxmebia aranair
TanamSromlobas mCagvrelebTan~, – ganacxada man~.
Tbilisis saerTaSoriso aeroportisaTvis prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias saxelis miniWebis iniciativa, pirvelad, saakaSvi-
lis xelisuflebis sakrebuloSi gaJRerda da ar aris gamo-
ricxuli, rom dasclodaT, sakiTxi zviad gamsaxurdias saxelis
sasagreblod gadawyvetiliyo, Tumca iqac mravlad iyvnen mowi-
naaRmdegeebi.
prezidentma giorgi margvelaSvilma 2014 wlis 31 marts
daarsa zviadis stipendia iv. javaxiSvilis filologiis fakul-
tetis saukeTeso studentebisaTvis.
gamovlenin iqnen pirveli stipendiantebic: mariam maTiaSvili,

maguli RambaSiZe, levan beburiSvili.
es aqtebi mxolod SedarebisaTvis moviyvaneT SevardnaZe-iva-
niSvilis politikuri antipatiis fonze, romlebmac, aramcTu
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saxeli, aramed misi moRvaweobis
umniSvnelovanesi periodic ki, srulad amoagdes saxelmwifo sa-
qarTvelos uaxlesi istoriidan. Tumca, aqve SevniSnavT, rom
e. SevardnaZem, gardacvlili prezidentis, zviad gamsaxur-
dias ojaxis mimarT, 2002 wlis 31 marts gamosca socialuri
uzrunvelyofis brZanebulebuleba (ix. momdevno gverdze), ro-
melic qaRaldze dawerili Tamasuqi aRmoCnda...
241
biZina ivaniSvilis mTavrobis finansTTa ministrma nodar xa-
durma 2013 wlis 21 ianvars ganacxada, rom saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias ojaxs, 2002 wels miRebuli kano-
nis gaTvaliswinebiT, 130 000 lari gadaericxeba. misive TqmiT, es
Tanxa 2003 wlis biujetSi iyo gawerili, magram finansuri krizi-
sis gamo ver moxerxda misi gadaxda: `2012 wlis dekemberSi, qalba-
ton manana arCvaZe- gamsaxurdiam finansTa saministros mogvmar-
Ta gancxadebiT kuTvnili Tanxis gadacemasTan dakavSirebiT. 2013
wlis biujetSi Cven SevitaneT aRniSnuli davalianeba da axla
saSualeba gvaqvs gavceT igi~ — ganacxada xadurma. 2002 wels e.
242
SevardnaZis mier miRebuli kanonis safuZvelze, mxolod 11 wlis
Semdgom moxda misi realuri aRsruleba premier biZina ivaniSvi-
lis mTavrobis mier. amasTanave, amave mTavrobis mier, 2013 wlis
seqtemberSi miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidentis ojaxisTvis, wyneTSi simbolur fasad, – 4500 kv/m
miwis nakveTisa da agarakis gadacemis Taobaze. manana arCvaZe-gam-
saxurdias gamoeyo axali bronirebuli manqana mZRoliT da dacva.
saflavSic wamebuli...
zviad gamsaxurdia, msoflio istoriaSi, erTaderTi preziden-

ti da sazogado moRvawe mamuliSvilia, romlis wamebulma sxeulma,
verc mSobliur da verc ucxo miwaSic hpova mSvidi gansasvenebeli;
nikoloz baraTaSvili samjer dakrZales, igi ganjidan, jer didu-
bis panTeonSi iqna gadasvenebuli, Semdeg ki mTawmindis panTeonSi.
zviadis wamebul sxeuls ki xuTjer gauTxares saflavi. groznoSic
ki, imperialisturi ruseTis mier warmoebuli omis gamo, meored
moxda misi saflavis adgilis gamocvla. sabolood ki, mTawmindaze,
man mexuTed hpova ZvalTSesalagi. Tumca zviads, mdevari bedi aqac
ewia; 2010 wlis 17 Tebervals, qarTveli eri SemaZrwunebeli faq-
tis mowme gaxda; barebiTa da niCbebiT aRWurvili ugunuri brbo,
gaveSebiT daabotebda, isedac mravalgzis nawameb zviadis Zvlebze
da mTawmindis savanidanac ki mis meeqvsed amoTxras lamobda...
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis

gancxadeba
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partia gamoTqvams SeSfoTebas sa-
qarTvelos respublikis pirveli prezidentis saflavis xelyo-
fisa da adgil-samyofelis erTpirovnulad Secvlis mcdelobis
gamo, rac saeWvod daemTxva gardacvlili prezidentis Svilebis
(konstantinesa da giorgis) saqarTveloSi aryofnas, xolo cotnes
ukanono patimrobaSi yofnas.
prezidentis qvrivis manana arCvaZis 17 Tebervlis TviTne-
bur qmedebas vafasebT vandalizmad da kidev erTxel saqveynod
vacxadebT, rom saqarTvelos respublikis pirvel prezidents, sa-
qarTvelos respublikis erovnul gmirs zviad gamsaxurdias, 2007
243
wlis 1 aprils ermac, bermac da sakuTarma Svilebmac sruliad sa-
marTlianad da damsaxurebulad miuCines Rirseuli adgili saqar-
Tvelos mweralTa da sazogado moRvaweTa mTawmindis panTeonSi da
am erTsulovani gadawyvetilebis Secvlis ufleba ara aqvs TviT
prezidentis qvrivsac da warmoadgens ukanono qmedebas.
moviTxovT yvela pasuxismgebeli saxelmwifo instituciebisa-
gan, saimedod daicvan saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis, zviad
gamsaxurdias samudamo gansasvenebeli da mTawmindis panTeonSi
uzrunvelyon misi saflavis usafrTxoeba. xolo qalbaton manana
arCvaZis momxreebs ki movuwodebT, srulad gaacnobieron momxda-
ri da nuRar miiReben monawileobas msgavs mwvaleblur, vandalur
da samarcxvino aqtSi.
partiis Tavmjdomare
leila comaia
2010 wlis 18 Tebervali. Tbilisi.
zviadis saflavisadmi amgvarive vandalur qmedebad unda Se-

fasdes 1997 wels jixaSkarSic momxdari faqti; jixaSkarelebma
gadawyvites, referendumisa da prezidentis dabadebis dRes, 31
marts, zviadis droebiT saflavze daedgaT memorialuri dafa
warweriT: àq ganisvenebda saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli pre-
zidenti zviad gamsaxurdia~. avtobusi, romliTac mihqondaT memo-
riali, gaaCeres policiis TanamSromlebma, aqtivistebi gadmosxes
da memorialiT xelSi waiyvanes sammarTveloSi, sadac daamsxvries
Rirssaxsovari marmarilo da pirovnebebs miayenes sityvieri da
fizikuri Seuracxyofebi. es vandalizmi gaxorcielda zugdidis
meris bondo jiqiasa da samxareo policiis sammarTvelos ufrosis
zviad manias mier, riTac didad aames SevardnaZes.
zviads, moskovis lefortovis cixeSi lev tolstoize daweril
statiaSi (saTauriT – ùdabnosa da udabnos Soris~) aqvs aseTi
Canaweri: `didi adamianebi imiTac gamoirCevian, rom maTSi epoqis
tragedia, cxovrebiseul, pirad tragediad gardaisaxeba xolme.
xSirad maTSive isaxeba mTeli sidiade da biwiereba droisa, ro-
melSic isini cxovroben~.
zviadma sakuTari guliT da mxrebiT zida (ilias Semdeg) me-20
saukunis bolSevikuri terorisa da ruseTis imperialisturi xun-
debi, romlis msxvrevas igi ulmobeli da mowamoebrivi sicocxliT
244
Seewira, raSic lomis wili udevT Cvens Tanamemamule – qarTvel
kolaboracionistebsac. maTma Ralatma, orgulobam da qvebudno-
bam totaluri katastrofa moutana Cvens deda-samSoblos, ris Se-
degebsac aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi imkis saqarTvelo da qarT-
veli eri.
es gaxlavT prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ukanaskneli foto,
romlis gamometyvelebaSic asaxulia umZafresi Wmunva da tragiz-
mi misi saTayvanebeli samSoblos Semdgomi bedis gamo.
245
nodar wuleiskiris avi winaTgrZnoba zviadis
mkvlelobaze...
amonardi werilidan “literaturuli monanieba.” 1990
“zviad gamsaxurdia iSviaTi Sesa

Zleblobebis da unaris adamiania, Tavis
niWsa da unars marneulis raionis das
alageblad ar unda vaflangvinebdeT
mas. „ar unda vaflangvinebdeTo“ ras
miqvian! Turme SeiZleba zviad gamsax
urdias politikuri izolacia, Tu
zviad gamsaxurdia CamoSordeba erov
nul moZraobas, ganawyenebuli partiebi,
inteligenciis calkeuli warmomadgen
lebi gaerTiandebian da erovnuli moZ
raobac ukeT warimarTebao.
jer cal-calke, uwyinrad TavisTvis
fiqrobdnen Turme, Semdeg TandaTan es azri agorda, azvavda, iquxa
da saqme iqamde mivida, rom Turme SeiZleba aramc Tu zviad gamsax
urdias politikur izolaciaze ifiqro, aramed SeiZleba misi sul
mTlad CamoSoreba gzidan, e.i. SeiZleba misi mokvla!
es ukve aRemateba yvelafers, es aris is dro da is wami, roca
saqarTvelos gamoTayvanebis da gamolenCebis wami dgeba. es gax
lavT wiwamuris wamebi,… is wamebi, roca ilias Subls tyvia mox
vdeba, xolo im dros dabejiTebiT SemiZlia vTqva: qarTveli eri
Wkuaze ar iyo, is iyo sul mTlad gamoTayvanebuli da gamolenCe
buli. xolo es „gamolenCebis“ da „gamoTayvanebis“ wamebi uceb
ar damdgara, igi wlebis ganmavlobaSi nel-nela Semzadda. xalxi
„socialistebiT~ (imdroindeli terminia!) gamoapenteres, TiTqmis
yovel dRe ukiJinebdnen: „ilia glexebis myvlefelia!“ „ilia mTav
robis yurmoWrili monaa!“ „ilia mdidarTa interesebis damcevli,“
ìlia social – demokratebis mteri.“ „Cven ara gvgonia, – werda
filipe maxaraZe Tavisive Jurnal „mogzaurSi“ – saqarTvelos mi
waze moiZebnebodes meore aseTi sastiki memamule, romelsac ase
ulmoblad miyavdes cxovrebaSi glexebis gayvlefis sistema.“
ai, ase mzaddeboda ilias mkvleloba, mTel am process wvrilad
aRwers vaxtang gurgeniZe da askvnis: filipe maxaraZis es werili
246
gadaiqca ilia WavWavaZis sasikvdilo – sabraldebo daskvnad da
mowodebad gaunaTlebel da umecar xalxisdami, sisruleSi moey-
vanaT ganaCeni – sikvdiliT gasworebodnen maTTvis yvelaze saziz-
Rar Tavads – ilia WavWavaZes.
zviad gamsaxurdias Cemi xotba ar sWirdeba, arc Cemi dacva.
mas misi guSindeli megobrebi tyvias ar esvrian, es naTelia, amas
mtkiceba ar sWirdeba. isini isev Serigdebian, rogorc waekidnen.
kalami aviRe sxva ramis gamo. wiwamuris tyvia, vai Tu mainc gavar-
des, isvris meoTxe, mexuTe Zala da dabraldeba „oxrankas“ an Tu
gnebavT, brutoss, da gvian iqneba TiTze kbenani. amitom dRes, Cemi
azriT, saWiroa ar vikadroT is (Tundac Cvenda uneburad!) rac ar
aris sakadrisi. guSin zviad gamsaxurdias veZaxdiT erovnuli moZ-
robis patriarqs, dRes sxvas veZaxiT. zogi iqamdec midis – tirans,
diqtators, sukis agentsac ki uwodebs, Tan dabejiTebiT gvimt-
kicebs, agentiao. ar SeiZleba es, dauSvebelia, saSiSia!
mere Tqven TviTon inanebT. me, metis, arafris gakeTeba Semi-
Zlia, sxvaTaSoris ai, aseTi carieli sityvebic ki aravis uTqvams
ilia WavWavaZis dasacavad, Tumca im dros moRvaweobdnen swored
eris saukeTeso Svilebi. imitom ki ara, rom ver bedavdnen aseTi
sityvebis daweras an ilias ar TanaugrZnobdnen, ara, ubralod ar
elodnen, erTi wamiTac ki aRar uSvebdnen imas, rom ilia WavWavaZes
vinme tyvias esroda saqarTveloSi. esroles. esroles imitom, rom
sazogadoebrivma azrma, presam Seamzada niadagi – pirdapir „Seqm-
na“ berbiWaSvili. berbiWaSvili ki samareSi ise Cavida, verafriT
gaiazra, ver Cawvda ra Caidina, friad gakvirvebuli iyo – pensias
ratom ar mimatebT, me xom partiis saqme gavakeTe, mCagvreli, myv-
lefeli memamule xalxs movaSoreo. axali berbiWaSvilebis gaCena
CvenSi sulac ar aris moulodneli.
samwuxarod, zogs anbanuri WeSmariteba ar esmis – Tavi davane-
boT zviad gamsaxurdias, konstantine gamsaxurdias ezoSi bombi ar
unda Caagdo, arc momwamvleli nivTierebis Sesxma SeiZleba iq. vTq-
vaT filipe maxaraZem dagavala, Sen xom berbiWaSvili ar xar! didi
xnis winaT saqarTvelos daemuqra qoleris epidemia. televiziiT
gamovida janmrTelobis dacvis maSindeli ministri batoni vaxtang
boWoriSvili da xalxs mouwoda, Wamis win xeli daibaneTo. Cems aR-
SfoTebas sazRvari ar hqonda, rogor Tu ministri qarTvel xalxs
ubedavs aswavlos yofis anbanuri wesi, rusTavelis saqarTvelos
247
xel-piris dabanas aswavlis-meTqi. Cemda gasaocrad pativcemuli
boWoriSvili marTali aRmoCnda, Turme amgvari swavleba saWiro
yofila: Wamis win xeli unda daibano, unda CaafurTxo safurTxeb-
elSi, qals wixli ar unda amoartya, rusTavelis gamzirze srola
ar unda atexo! gamsaxurdias ezoSi bombi ar unda Seagdo da ase
Semdeg.
zviad gamsaxurdias dRes ufro meti adamiani amoudga gverd-
Si, vidre adre edga, es ricxvi kidev ufro gaiazrdeba TandaTan,
magram es ar aris sakmarisi. mis gverdiT mTeli saqarTvelo unda
idges. roca z. gamsaxurdias vaqeb, es imas ar niSnavs, rom vaZageb
romelime sxva erovnul moRvawes ( gvarebs gangeb ar vasaxeleb, –
isini bevrni arian!) an romelime partiis moRvaweoba ar momwons.
ara, visac ra SeuZlia, imas akeTebs. ra sakvirvelia, fiqradac ara
maqvs davamciro maTi Rvawli da damsaxureba saqarTvelos winaSe,
TavisuflebisTvis maTi brZola, sabWoTa katorRebSi Tavs gadamx-
dari maTi tanjva-wameba gavaiafo an gavaufasuro, qarTveli eris
gamoRviZebaSi maT elvare moRvaweobas Crdili mivayeno, – RmerTma
damifaros!
ra damaviwyebs 14 aprils, 9 aprils, moSimSileTa gevrdiT ga-
tarebul noembris susxian Rameebsac... am diadi dReebis SemoqmedT,
me rom daviviwyo, amas eri ar dauviwyebs, es ukve istoriaa. magram
me minda yvela erovnuli moRvawe davinaxo erTad ise, rogorc 9
aprilis Rames vixileT, erTmaneTis gverdiT, mTel qarTvel erTan.
ai, aseTi erTianoba gvWirdeba dRes.~
ra iyo es, Tu ara mamuliSvilisa da mwerlis avi winaTgrZnoba
zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobaze, jer kidev 1990 wels, rodesac
zviadi, jerac, erovnul moZraobas warmoadgenda?...
vai, rom axda nodar wuleiskiris winaswarmetyveluri gu-
liskrToma... (l.c.).
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, #45, 2015
wyaro: https://lessonsgeo.wordpress.com
248
visi zegavleniT Tqva uari kaTolikos–patriarqma
samebis sakaTedro taZris ezoSi prezident
gamsaxurdias dakrZalvaze
prezident zviad gamsaxur-

dias qvrivis, qalbaton ma-
nana arCvaZis daJinebuli
TxovniT, saqarTvelos ka-
Tolikos-patriarqma, TiTq-
mis miiRo gadawyvetileba
damoukidebeli saqarTve-
los respublikis pirveli
prezidentis samebis sakaTe-
dro taZris ezoSi dakrZal-
vis Taobaze.
miuxedavad imisa, zviad gamsaxurdias zogierTma TanamebrZol-
ma vicodiT, rom samebis taZris elias mTaze agebis idea da udide-
si survili disidentobaSive gaaCnda zviads da me, amis Sesaxeb,
gazeT „prezidentisTvis“ micemuli interviuTac vauwye Cvens Ta-
namedrove sazogadoebas (ix. 29 noemberi – 12 dekemberi, 2004w.),
– piradad mainc ar viwonebdi samebis ezoSi misi dakrZalvis ga-
dawyvetilebas.
Cemi kategoriuli winaaRmdegoba motivirebuli iyo Sevard-
naZis faqtoriT, romlis saxelmwifo meTaurobis drosac daiwyo
samebis taZris mSenebloba da romelsac patriarqma saZirkvlis
Casxmis procesSive aRuTqva, rom gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi, am
taZarSi dakrZalavda.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias dakrZalvis gadawyvetilebis Ta-
nadroulad, sapatririarqos mxridan, aqcentebi zemoxsenebul wi-
napirobazec keTdeboda, riTac, samomavlod, safuZveli eyreboda
did istoriul usamarTlobas; – saqarTvelosTvis Tavganwirul
gmir prezident zviad gamsaxurdias msgavsad, wmida samebis sa-
kaTedro taZris ganspeqtakebul adgilas, dasaflavebis Tanabari
pativi unda rgeboda saqarTvelos damangrevelsa da mters, zviad
gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis ganmkargulebels (damkveTi ruseTi iyo)
249
eduard–borot SevardnaZes.
amgvari cinizmisa da uxerxulobis Tavidan acilebis, TiTqos
araviTari perspeqtiva ar Canda, rom ara erTi satelefono zari,
romelic im cxare aJiotaJis dros daireka CemTan. igi, zviadisa
da merabis TanamebrZol disidents da mravalgzis politpatimar
valentina failoZes ekuTvnoda.
valentina failoZe, rigi disidentebis msgavsad, 1980–iani wle-
bis miwurulidan mtrad iyo mokidebuli zviads da dRemdec amgvar
ganwyobas inarCunebs. CemTan satelefono saubarSi man ukiduresi
aRSfoTeba gamoTqva zviadis samebaSi dakrZalvasTan dakavSirebiT:
– leila, Tqven gindaT, rogorc „wamebuli da wmindani“ ise
dakrZaloT igi samebaSi? – agresiiT CamekiTxa da umal mivxvdi,
rogor unda mesaubra masTan, anu, rogor gamomeyenebina misi „ko-
ziri“ am usaSvelo viTarebaSi.
– diax, swored samebaSi unda daikrZalos da uaxloes mo-
mavalSi wmindanadac Seiracxos.
– ver eRirsebiT, verasodes! axlave davurekav patriarqs da
mival kidec! erTi gabedos da dakrZalos!...
amgvari qadiliT valentinam yurmili damixeTqa da me myisierad
gamiCnda imedi, rom valentinas zviadisadmi siZulvili, amjerad
namdvilad sasikeTod wagvadgeboda.
valentina failoZe gaxldaT sionis eklesiis mgalobelTa gun-
dis xelmZRvaneli 1960-70–ian wlebSi. mas didi wvlili miuZRvis
eklesiuri siwmindeebis dacvaSi, rasTan dakavSirebiTac xSiri da-
pirispirebebi uwevda patriarqebTan. kaTolikos–patriarqs ilia
II–sac masTan daZabuli urTierTobebis mravalwliani bataliebi
aqvs gamovlili da zedmiwevniT zustad icnobs mis sabrZolo
potencials. amis gaTvaliswinebiT, dabrZenebuli da asakiT dam-
Zimebuli patriarqi, dResac aramc da aramc ar inebebda saxifaTo
dapirispirebis ganaxlebas valentina failoZesTan. faqtia, rom
CemTan valentinas satelefono Sexla–Semoxlisa da qadilis Semd-
gom, mesame dRes, kaTolikos–patriarqma, Tavisi warmomadgenlis
piriT diplomatiurad Tqva uari samebis sakaTedro taZris ezos,
saxelmwifo moRvaweTa panTeonad gadaqcevis Taobaze.
uTuod, aqvea saWiro, oriod sityviT gavarkvioT mkiTxveli
failoZis siZulvilis mizezSi zviadis mimarT; valentinas agresia
da siZulvili (sxva cnobili disidentebis msgavsad) motivirebu-
250
li iyo pirvelobis ambiciiT; igi Tvlida, rom pirvelma man daiwyo
saqarTveloSi erovnul–ganmaTavisuflebel moZraoba. zviadi da
merabi ki mxolod misi mowafeebi, mimdevrebi iyvnen, ris saqveyno
aRiarebasac moiTxovda igi Cvengan.
v. failoZes, udavod, didi wvlili aqvs Setanili eklesiis
dacvisa da saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobisaTvis
brZolaSi, magram misi wvlili, arc uaxlovdeba da, miTumetes, ar
aRemateba zviad gamsaxurdias wvlils.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ 13, 2007 wlis aprili.
valentina failoZe 2010 wlis 13 dekembers gardaicvala, igi

sapatriarqos TanamSromeli iyo da 1977 wlidan 1988 wlebis pe-
riodSi, saerTo jamSi 12 wliani patimrobebi hqonda moxdili ru-
seTis cixis juRmulebSi.
qvemoT gTavazobT valentina failoZis disidentobis droin-
del erT-erT dokuments.
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs daviT V-s

asli: saqarTvelos ssr ministrTa sabWos
didis aRSfoTebiT SevityveT, rom Tqven, a.w. 10 ivniss, mamada-
viTobas, mitropolitad akurTxeT ”epikoposi” gaiozi, romelic
Tavisi umsgavso saqcieliT saxels utexda da utexs qarTul ekle-
sas. ara marto mrevlisaTvis, aramed miliciisa da prokuraturis
organoebisTvisac kargad cnobilia misi mamaTmavloba, mZarcvelo-
ba da sxva mravali danaSaulebrivi qmedebani. yvelasaTvis cnobi-
lia, rom igi aris agreTve uSiSroebis komitetis agenti, xolo
saidumlo policiis agentoba dauSvebelia samRvdelo pirisTvis,
es ZiriTadad ewinaaRmdegeba Cveni macxovris, qristes moZRvrebis
arss.
gaiozis monawileoba sapatriarqos ZarcvaSi 1972 wels daamtki-
ca kirovis raionis prokuroris TanaSemwem daviT qoriZem, mis ma-
maTmavlobas da qurdobas adastureben agreTve qalaqis miliciis
sammarTvelos gamomZiebeli silagaZe, Tbilisis oqtombris raionis
prokurori l. saZagliSvili, romelmac amas winaT moiTxova kidec
misi dapatimrebis orderi, magram ”Zlierni ama qveynisani” gaozis
mfarvelni da misgan uxvi ZRveniT momadlierebulni xels afare-
251
ben mas. magram ”ara ars dafaruli, romeli ara gamovlindes” (maTe
10.26) da rogorc ufali ityvis ”Cemi ars Surisgeba da me mivago”.
(rom. 12.19) gaiozi adre Tu gvian daisjeba Tavis yvela damqaSeb-
Tan erTad. Tqven ki ufali da eri ar gapatiebT borotmoqmedTa
gamravlebas saqarTvelos eklesiis wiaRSi, agreTve imas, rom Tqven
dauSviT `bilwi igi mooxrebisa¡ wmindasa mas adgilsa~ (maTe 24.26).
vacxadebT protests gaiozis kurTxevis winaaRmdeg da mo-
viTxovT mis gakreWas da gankveTas rogorc uRirsi samRvdelo
pirisas.
zviad gamsaxurdia
merab kostava
valentina failoZe
suliko kaWarava
2. VII. 76
scsa, fondi 1980
interviuebi prezident zviad gamsaxurdias

dakrZalvis adgilTan dakavSirebiT telekompaniebze:
„rusTavi -2“, „imedi“, 2007 wlis 6 marti
sapatriarqos pozicia: „...misi gansasveneblis gansazRvra au-

cileblad SeTanxmebuli unda iyves saxelmwifos pirvel pirTan,
saxelmwifos prezidentTan baton mixeil saakaSvilTan. rac Seexe-
ba mis saboloo gansasvenebels, sapatriarqo Tvlis, rom aucile-
belis gamoyofil iqnes specialuri adgili samebis sakaTedro
taZris ezoSi, sadac gamoCenili saxelmwifo moRvaweebi iqnebian
dakrZalulni“.
mamana arCvaZe-gamsaxurdia: „zviad gamsaxurdia daikrZaleba
„samebis“ taZris teritoriaze. aravis ara aqvs ufleba daayenos
Tavi giorgi da cotne gamsaxurdiebisa da manana arCvaZis win! maTi
yefa amaoa, mapatieT am gamoTqmisTvis, magram es gamoTqma zustad
Seesabameba maT qcevas, „ZaRli hyebs, qaravani midis“. ase, rom ojaxis
gadawyvetileba iqneba absoluturad uryevi (programa „kurieri“).
amave sainformaci programiT gadaica q-n mananasa da cotnes
madloba, ruseTis prezident putinisa da CeCneTis daniSnul pre-
zident ramazan kadirovisadmi, zviadis saflavis aRmoCanisa da
masTan dakavSirebuli samuSaoebis Catarebaze.
252
konztantine z. gamsaxurdia: zviad gamsaxurdia unda daikrZa-
los mTawmindaze, vinaidan iq dasaflavebulni arian zviad gamsaxur-
dias sayvareli gmirebi: ilia WavWavaZe da qaquca ColoyaSvili da
aseve misi sulieri Zma merab kostava. jer erTi, gaurkvevelia, same-
baSi sad unda aSendes es panTeoni, aseve gaurkvevelia, xom ar daikr-
Zaleba iq eduard SevardnaZe da Tu eduard SevardnaZe daikrZaleba
iq, es iqneba zustad igive modeli, rac iyo mTawmindaze, samwuxarod
sabWoTa periodSi, rodesac ilia WavWavaZis gverdiT, misi mkvleli
filipe maxaraZe iyo dakrZaluli. me amas ar davuSveb!“
mixeil saakaSvili (iaponiidan): „eseT sakiTxebze, me vfiqrob,
rom uxerxulic aris, rom prezidenti erTpirovnulad iRebdes ga-
dawyvetilebas. Cven teqnikurad yvelafers gavakeTebT, rom yvela
sakiTxi gadawyvetili iyos. axla arsebobs samTavrobo komisiebi,
samTavrobo komisia dajdes, yvelas azri gaiTvaliswinos da mii-
Ros adamianuri, swori gadawyvetileba. me vfiqrob, es aris saerTo
sakiTxi, me vfiqrob, rom es ar aris didi politikuri garCevebis
Tema, namdvilad!“ (2017 wlis 9 marti).
besarion guguSvili (fineTidan): „daamxes konstitucia, daamxes
parlamenti, daamxes prezidenti, daamxes yvela arCeviTi orga-
no, amiT saxelmwifo mospes. am elementebis gareSe saxelmwifo ar
arsebobs, maT erovnul safuZvlebze agebuli saxelmwifo mospes.
mas mere zviad gamsaxurdia, besarion guguSvili da is asiaTasobiT
kaci ibrZoda im erovnuli saxelmwifos aRdgenisaTvis. da imis gamo,
rom daamxes da mospes qarTuli saxelmwifo, aravin pasuxi ar ago,
arc maSin, arc mas mere, arc dRes. saakaSvilis deklaraciaSi weria,
rom gadatrialeba moaxdines antierovnulma Zalebma, Sinaganma da
gareganma. amas aRsruleba unda. sityvis raxa-ruxi ki ar unda iyos.
sanam amas ar miecema Sesabamisi Sefaseba, ar daisjeba is pirebi da
organizaciebi, vinc daamxo qarTuli saxelmwifo, manamde arsebuli
saxelmwifo ver iqneba ufleba-monacvle zviad gamsaxurdias droin-
deli erovnuli saxelmwifosi. dRes, es ori, sxvadasxva saxelmwi-
foa. Cven vcaniT CeCneTis damoukidebloba, cnoben eseni CeCneTis
damoukideblobas? ai, amaSia saqme, amis Tqma aravis ar unda. daiRu-
pa saxelmwifo da im saxelmwifos prezidenti ise Cahyva ufskrulSi
mas, rogorc gemis kapitani Cahyveba CaZirul gems. patiosani gemis
kapitani, garewari ki ara, romelic oms wamoiwyebs da mere omidan
gamoiqceva da mTel teritoriebs viRacas Caabarebs imisTvis, rom
mere 15 weliwadi Zarcvos qveyana... oms rom daiwyebs saxelmwi-
253
fos meTauri da mTavarsardali damarcxdeba, dameTanxmebiT, rom
mTavarsardals sicocxlis ufleba ara aqvs; is unda daiRupos im
saxelmwifosTan erTad. zviad gamsaxurdiam ers misca magaliTi. ase
moiqca joxar dudaevi, masxadovi da a.S. da ar Cabarebian raRac
tribunals, saca maT gaasamarTlebdnen...
inga grigolia: „anu, Tqven ambobT, rom es iyo TviTmkvle-
loba?“...
besarion guguSvili: „me ki ar vambob, me imas vambob, rac
vnaxe... arsebul saxelmwifos ara aqvs ufleba, zviad gamsaxur-
dias dasaflavebas mohkidos xeli. es aris mtruli saxelmwifo
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT, es antierov-
nuli saxelmwifoa. zviad gamsaxurdia unda gadaasvenos xalxma...
da ar aris saWiro am procesSi saxelmwifos CarTva... bolo mo-
mentSi zviad gamsaxurdias gverdiT viyavi mxolod me, sxva aravin
ar yofila, aravin!... Cemsa da mananas Soris gaformda werilobiTi
xelSekruleba, rom aravin ar miiRebs araviTar gamoZiebaSi mo-
nawileobas da araviTari gamoZieba ar Catardeba. es xelSekruleba
gamoqveynebulia!“
Tengiz kitovani: „zviad gamsaxurdia iyo iaraRiT mokluli. me
bevrjer davsvi es sakiTxi da vadeb kvirias xels...“ (2007 wlis 9
marti, telekompania „imedi“).
mkiTxvelni, albaT miaqcevdiT yuradRebas besarion guguSvi-
lis mimotanjul vrcel intervius, romelmac grigolias kiTxvis
mxolod meore nawilSi gasca arapirdapiri, demagogiuri pasuxi
da masSic reks SiSi, saxelmwifos mxridan, zviad gamsaxurdias cxe-
dris eqspertizis SesaZlo Catarebis gamo, risganac, amjeradac,
manana arCvaZis kategoriulma uarma ixsna igi... (l.c.).
254
ra saSineli danaSaulis gamJRavnebis eSiniaT
manana arCevaZesa da besarion guguSvils?
2007 wlis 28 marts, sicocxleSic da sikvdilSic devnili da-

moukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli prezidentis neS-
ti saqarTveloSi Camoasvenes. manamde ki, pirveladi dakrZalvis
adgilze groznos rusuli xelisuflebis mier „aRmoCenili“ qarT-
veli prezidentis neSti, eqspertizisaTvis, rostovSi gadaasvenes.
rostovSi, ruseTis mxaris mier Catarebul eqspertizaSi ar iqna
CarTuli, arc saerTaSoriso eqspertebi da arcTu qarTveli spe-
cialistebi. dRemde, saqarTvelos xelisuflebisa da qarTveli er-
isaTvis ucnobia rusi eqspertebis daskvna; ruseTis mTavroba Tavs
valdebulad ar Tvlis saqarTvelos mTavrobas oficialurad gad-
mougzavnos Catarebuli eqspertizis dokumenti, aramed, misi da-
moukideblad mopovebisaTvis, CeCneTis xelisuflebisaken uTiTebs.
Tavxedoba da cinizmi amaze Sors ver wava! faqtia, rom
prezidentis gadmosvenebis tragikuli istoriuli movlenis dro-
sac, inerciiT gagrZelda 1991-93 wlebSi dawyebuli SeTqmuleba
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg. SeTqmulebis masiuri
jaWvi ar gawyvetila am wlebis SigniT arsebul periodSic. am-
jerad, SeTqmulebis birTvad, personalurad gamoyenebul iqnen
gardacvlili prezidentis ojaxis wevrebi. am angariSgasawevi
fariT, ruseTis mTavroba, Seecada saqarTvelos erovnul-poli-
tikuri organizaciebisa da qarTveli sazogadoebis damunaTebas.
amgvarad, moxda ra Cveni sruli „ganiaraReba“ da ignorireba,
uZluri aRmovCndiT, raime saxiT mainc aRvdgomodiT win am dan-
aSaulebriv precendents; dakrZalvisa da glovis gansakuTrebul
procesebs bunebrivad Seerwya tradiciuli qarTuli mentalo-
ba, ramac, agreTve ruseTis interesebis sasargeblod imuSava. am
procesebidan, qalbaton kategoriuli ganacxadiT, gamoiricxa da
lamis, kinaRam, sruliad gamoiriya prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
ufrosi Svili konstantine (koko) gamsaxurdia.
aravisTvis sakamaTo ar unda iyos, rom ruseTi, romelsac
dRemde ar uTqvams uari Tavis imperialistur zraxvebze, arc
dRes iqneboda mosurne, saTanado RirsebiTa da pativiT gadmoes-
venebinaT da daekrZalaT damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidenti;
255
zviad gamsaxurdias prezidentis rangSi dakrZalva kategori-
ulad ar surda, arc mixeil saakaSvils, romelmac Tavisi poli-
tikuri deklaraciebidan uapelaciod amoagdo damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos 1990-93 w.w. brwyinvale da saxelmwifoeobrivad um-
niSvnelovanesi periodi.
aseTi realiebis fonze Zneli warmosadgenia, raime mniSvnelo-
vani politikuri dividendebi moutanos saakaSvils damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias gadmosven-
ebis aqtivma, miuxedavad imisa, rom amgvari „patriotul-keTilSo-
biluri“ aqti, politikur dividendebzecaa gaTvlili. Tu movlenas
didi politikis rakursiT SevxedavT – zviad gamsaxurdias saflavis
arseboba iCqeriis miwaze, Seix mansursa da johar dudaevTan erTad,
acocxlebda da ukvdavs hyofda kavkasiis gaerTianebis umZlavres
ideas, rac mosvenebas ukargavda ruseTs. da ai, putinis ruseTma,
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gadasvenebis gadawyvetileba miiRo.
maSin, roca damoukidebeli iCqeriis erovnuli mTavrobis war-
momadgenlebi (axmed zakaevi da sxv.) saguldagulod (kvalis ab-
neviT) asaidumloebdnen prezident zviad gamsaxurdias safla-
vis „axal“ adgils (rac nasuldgmulevi iyo kavkasiis erTianobis
ukvdavi ideiT), ruseTis mier daniSnuli „CeCneTis prezidentis“
razman kadirovis mier, forsirebul reJimSi aRmoCenil iqna zviad
gamsaxurdias saflavi. neStis identifikaciis mizniT, moskovidan
Caiyvanes batoni zviadis SuaTana vaJi cotne gamsaxurdia, romelic
bolo erTi welia, rac sacxovreblad dabrunda moskovSi. cotnem,
okupirebuli CeCneTidan madloba gadauxada ruseTis prezident
vladimer putins saflavis aRmoCenisaTvis. cotnem, samadlobeli
sityvebi prezident putinis misamarTiT, arc larsTan daiSura da
sruli ndoba gamoucxada rusebis mier Catarebul eqspertizas;
man kidev erTxel Tqva uari eqspertizis saqarTveloSi Catareba-
ze saerTaSoriso eqspertebis TanamonawileobiT, ramac qarTveli
eris TvalSi kidev ufro gazarda kiTxvebis raodenoba.
reanomobils, romelSic esvena prezidentis neSti, ukve larsi-
dan piradad marTavda giorgi gamsaxurdia, gverdiT ki ejda cotne.
miuxedavad imisa, rom ruseTis xelisuflebis mxridan ar cxad-
deboda zusti dro prezidentis neStis gadmosvenebis Sesaxeb,
daqiravebuli samarSruto taqsebiTa da msubuqi avtomanqanebiT,
larsisaken mainc uamravi adamiani daiZra. miuxedavad, martis Wir-
veuli amindis da gamWoli sicivisa, larsTan mainc uamravma qa-
256
rTvelma moiyara Tavi. yazbegidan Tbilisis gzebzec, mosaxleoba
sanTlebiT xelSi RamiT mravali saaTi eloda Tavis prezidents.
miuxedavad, xalxis amgvari mowameobrivi dgoma-lodinisa,
ruseTisa da saqarTvelos xelisuflebisagan dainstruqtaJebulma
cotne da giorgim, xalxs ar misca saSualeba Tvali mainc SeevloT
prezidentisCasasvenebelisTvis, aramed maqsimaluri siCqariT ga-
moaqroles neSti Tbilisisaken, riTac sruli upativcemuloba ga-
moxates gulwrfeli da patrioti xalxis mimarT; maT faqtiurad
gamoitaces neSti da Casuli xalxis manqanebsac ki imdenad gaus-
wres, rom isini gzis vercerT monakveTze daewivnen maT.
CvenTvis dRemde auxsneli darCa, Tu ra gansakuTrebuli pa-
tiviscemisaTvis gadauxada madloba cotnem ruseTis prezident-
sa da mis xelisuflebas, roca Cveni prezidentis neSti ar iqna
gadmosvenebuli TviTmfrinaviT da arc-Tu umoklesi gziT ros-
tovidan, aramed – larsiT da isic ubralo reanomobiliT.
cotnes madlobebma ruseTis xelisuflebis mimarT da misma
politikurma gancxadebamac, rom: „vimedovneb, am gadmosvenebis
Semdgom Camoyalibdeba normaluri urTierToba ruseTsa da saqa-
rTvelos Soris“, CvenSi didi ukmayofileba gamoiwvia.
roca gaCnda Sansi amgvari istoriuli mniSvnelobis sakiTxi
saqarTvelos xelisuflebis Rirsebis saqmed qceuliyo, amis na-
cvlad, gaTamaSda farsi saakaSvilis, manana arCvaZisa da ruse-
Tis xelisufalTa Soris interesebis TanxvdeniT – ar Semdgariyo
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis obieqturi da kvali-
ficiuri gamoZieba da arcTu misi prezidentis pativiT dakrZal-
va. Sesabamisad, gadmosvenebis movlenac dakninebul-gaubraloe-
bul iqna, – neSts, larsTan, daxvda ara qveynis premier-ministri
(damkrZalavi komisiis Tavmjdomare zurab noRaideli) da arcTu
dedaqalaqis meri g. ugulava, aramed, qalaqis keTilmowyobis sam-
saxuris (?) ufrosi koba subeliani.
jer kidev prezident zviad gamsaxurdias fizikur likvida-
ciamde sazogadoebaSi arsebobda eWvi da undobloba preziden-
tis garemocvisa da misi meuRlis manana arCvaZis mimarT. amgvari
damokidebuleba sul ufro gaaRrmava premier-ministr besarion
guguSvilisa da manana arCvaZis ukanaskneli wlebis sajaro (ele-
qtronuli da beWdviTi mediiT) gamosvlebma.
manana arCvaZis mimarTebebi, erTis mxriv ruseTisa da saqarTve-
los (SevardnaZis) xelisuflebis, xolo meores mxriv, represire-
257
buli erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis mimarT erTnairad
Sokis momgvreli iyo. Sokis momgvreli iyo, agreTve, manana arCvaZis
mxridan, prezidentis saidumlo viTarebaSi daRupvis Tanadroulad:
1. prezidentis cxedris sasamarTlo-samedicino eqspertizaze
kategoriuli uari.
2. prezidentis arqivis (maT Soris, saqarTvelos damoukide-
blobis aRdgenis deklaraciis) „dakargva-gatacebis“ Sesaxeb upa-
suxismgeblo gancxadeba.
3. CeCneTidan, imperialisturi ruseTis dedaqalaq, moskovisaT-
vis Tavis Sefareba.
4. moskovidan, mravalwliani cxovrebis Semdeg, SevardnaZis
saqarTveloSi dabruneba da erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZ-
raobis mtrad movlineba, misi daSla-danawevreba da terori.
5. prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saxelisuflo blokis „mrgva-
li magidis“ sruli uzurpacia, prezidiumis daSla da uzenaesi
sabWos deputatebis devna-diskreditacia.
6. faruli kavSirebi SevardnaZis xelisuflebasTan.
pirvelad 2005 wels gazeT „asaval-dasavalis“ furclebze da
2007 wels telekompania „imediT“ besarion guguSvilma gaamJRavna
manana arCvaZisa da mas Soris dadebuli e.w. „SeTanxmeba-garigebis
aqtis“ arseboba. am idumalebiT moculi aqtis wakiTxva aRgviZravs
fiqrs guguSvil-arCvaZis SesaZlo SeTqmulebis Sesaxeb prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg.
gverwmuneT, Cven namdvilad ar gveadvileba, aramed uaRresad
gvimZims am striqonebis dawera.
prezident gamsaxurdias ojaxis kategoriuli uari, cxedris
gakveTa-gamoikvleva-eqspertizaze, araorazrovnad, gasagebs xdis
manana arCvaZis saqciels; man mtkiced daicva guguSvilTan „xe-
lSekrulebiT“ dadebuli piroba. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi besarion
guguSvili, romelic fineTidan adevnebda Tval-yurs prezidentis
gadmosvenebis procesebs, mas amave dokumentis ZaliT sasamarTlo-
Si uCivlebda, razec pirdapir da imperatiulad mianiSnebs kidec
guguSvili: „es saerTaSoriso doneze miRebuli da dafiqsirebu-
li xelSekrulebaa da am xelSekrulebis damrRvevi mxare, Tu sa-
samarTlo arsebobs, an iarsebebs, unda daisajos.
zemomoyvanili „xelSekrulebis“ dadebis iniciatori Tavad besa-
rion guguSvili yofila da igi dabejiTebiT acxadebs: „swored am
xelSekrulebis arsebobis gamo da mis Sesabamisad, zviad gamsaxur-
258
dias daRupvisa da miTumetes, fizikuri likvidaciis Sesaxeb verav-
iTari gamoZieba da gamokvleva vera da ar Catardeba! SeuZlebelia!“
ase daigula qudSi sakuTari codvili Tavi besarion guguSvil-
ma, romelic, agreTve ambobs, rom „tyviac bevri eZebs, magram ver
ipoves (gilza ki ipoves)... me mainc subieqturad mgonia, rom tyvia
gareT ar gamosula da igi Tavis qalaSi CarCa“.
sainteresoa, ratom ar awamebs Tundac es azri baton guguS-
vils da Tundac tyviis Tavis qalaSi povnis mizniT, ratom ar
moiTxovs eqsperitizis Catarebas?
Cven, dRes mainc Rirseuli da samarTlebrivi xelisufleba rom
gvyavdes, guguSvilis am vrceli werilis safuZvelzec dainteres-
deboda prokuratura da mravali kiTxvebi aReZvreboda mis mimarT.
prezidentis qvrivis manana arCvaZis da besarion guguSvilis
yvela sajaro gamosvlaSi aSkarad krTeba Tanamdevi faruli SiSi,
rac maT aiZulebT kategoriuli uari Tqvan eqspertizasa da ga-
moZiebis Catarebaze.
gazeT „asaval-dasavalSi“ batoni guguSvili wers: „yvela Tanmx-
lebis TandaswrebiT zviadis warmoTqmuli aseTi sityvebic kargad
maxsovs: „arsebobs iseTi sawamlavebic, romlebic ramdenime Tvis
Semdeg iwyebs moqmedebas“. Tu es sityvebi namdvilad prezidentma
Tqva, maSin Cndeba kiTxva, raze da visze mianiSna mowamvlis tkivi-
lebiT gawamebulma prezidentma? ramdeni Tvis win mowamles igi da
sad? groznoSi Tu saqarTveloSi Camosvlisas?
dRes prezidentis ojaxis wevrebi acxadeben, rom axla, 11 wlis
Semdeg Catarebuli eqspertiza bevrs verafers gvetyvis. iqneb, asec
aris da iqneb amitomac daxanda neStis gadmosvenebac, magram Cven,
qarTvel sazogadoebas gvainteresebs profesional saerTaSoriso
eqspertTa kompententuri azri da pasuxi prezident zviad gamsax-
urdias sikvdilTan dakavSirebiT.
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, yvelaferze pasuxismgebloba unda daekis-
ros manana arCvaZes, romelmac, friad saeWvo mizezebiT kategoriuli
uari Tqva pirvel da ukanasknel kompententur eqspertizazec, xolo
rostovis eqspertizis oficialuri dokumentis dedani gamqralia!
leila comaia
masala, mciredi SemoklebebiTa gadmobeWdilia
gazeTidan „ganmaTavisufleli“, 2007 wlis aprili, №13.
259
pirveli mowvevis uzenaesi sabWos deputatebi
– 1991-1992 w.w.
1. abakelia vaJa borisis Ze
2. abesaZe beJan gogitas Ze
3. abzianiZe Salva giorgis Ze
4. adamia vaJa giorgis Ze
5. aleqsiZe levan andrias Ze
6. andRulaZe lia nikolozis asuli
7. arabuli aleqsi daviTis Ze
8. arevaZe daviT bikentis Ze
9. asaTiani akaki Tornikes Ze
10. asaTiani levan dimitris Ze
11. afaqiZe andria melitonis Ze
12. afrasiZe bimurza germanes Ze
13. axvlediani aleqsandre zurabis Ze
14. axmeteli levani
15. balarjiSvili merab daviTis Ze
16. baraTaSvili ioseb zurabis Ze
17. baraTaSvili paata rostomis Ze
18. baramiZe Tengiz nestoris Ze
19. berZeniSvili daviT valerianis Ze
20. beJaSvili Tengiz amiranis Ze
21. bibineiSvili besarion ilias Ze
22. boboxiZe akaki ivanes Ze
23. bokuCava zviadi mixeilis Ze
24. burkaZe iuri giorgis Ze
25. burWulaZe nemo pieris Ze
26. gabaSvili manana valerianis asuli
27. gamsaxurdia zviad konstantines Ze
28. gamyreliZe Tamaz valerianis Ze
29. gasanovi akif anver oRli
30. gafrindaSvili SoTa SoTas Ze
260
31. gaCeCilaZe givi sergos Ze
32. gelantia tariel amiranis Ze
33. gvancelaZe Teimuraz ionas Ze
34. gvelesiani Tamaz guramis Ze
35. gverdwiTeli guram estates Ze
36. gigolaSvili zurab vaxtangis Ze
37. giorgobiani biZina goderZis Ze
38. gogaZe daviT guramis Ze
39. goguaZe emzar giorgis Ze
40. goleTiani givi abesalomis Ze
41. goleTiani jemal akakis Ze
42. gonaSvili beJan biZinas Ze
43. gociriZe roman raJdenis Ze
44. guguSvili Tamaz valerianis Ze
45. guguSvili eTer nikolozis asuli
46. gulbani giorgi gelas Ze
47. gulua bakur daviTis Ze
48. gumbariZe givi grigolis Ze
49. gurgeniZe vaJa givis Ze
50. guCua zurab Salvas Ze
51. gujabiZe guram aleqsandres Ze
52. dangaZe biZina SoTas Ze
53. devnozaSvili zaqaria SoTas Ze
54. dekanosiZe Tamar ivanes asuli
55. dvaliSvili demur noes Ze
56. dvaliSvili malxaz iosebis Ze
57. diakoniZe firuz vladimeris Ze
58. diasamiZe Tamaz axmedis Ze
59. dixaminjia Tengiz daviTis Ze
60. doguxovi pavle vasilis Ze
61. domuxovski viqtor petres Ze
62. eloSvili omar ilias Ze
261
63. varZelaSvili aleqsandre aleqsandres Ze
64. zviadaZe salome zurabis asuli
65. TalakvaZe givi moses Ze
66. TaqTaqiSvili givi Citos Ze
67. TomaZe maia petres asuli
68. ToiZe paata avTandilis Ze
69. TuSmaliSvili medea mirianis asuli
70. imerliSvili givi gramitonis Ze
71. imnaZe avTandil prokofis Ze
72. imnaZe nodar tarielis Ze
73. inasariZe xvedri nikolozis Ze
74. ingoroyva anton vladimeris Ze
75. ionaTamiSvili jemal sulikos Ze
76. ioseliani ramaz otias Ze
77. isakaZe grigol (guram) efremis Ze
78. kavsaZe aleqsandre iraklis Ze
79. kalaZe amiran sergos Ze
80. kandelaki zurab konstantines Ze
81. kankava guram isaias Ze
82. kapanaZe konstantine vaxtangis Ze
83. kasraZe soso vaxtangis Ze
84. kacaZe lia giorgis asuli
85. kaxiani zaza nikolozis Ze
86. kemularia revaz amiranis Ze
87. keSelava varlam varlamis Ze
88. kvanWilaSvili malxaz tarielis Ze
89. kvaWaZe nugzar aqvsentis Ze
90. kvetenaZe avTandil aleqsandres Ze
91. kviciani kandid akakis Ze
92. kiknaZe merab Salvas Ze
93. kilasonia nikoloz arCilis Ze
94. kitovani Tengiz kalistrates Ze
262
95. kobaZe akaki zurabis Ze
96. koberiZe gela elizbaris Ze
97. konceliZe resan xasanis Ze
98. korZaZe gaioz benos Ze
99. kostava zaur Jerlos Ze
100. koRuaSvili paata petres Ze
101. kublaSvili Tengiz pimenis Ze
102. kudba anzor ismailis Ze
103. kupreiSvili daviT biWikos Ze
104. lekiSvili nikoloz mixeilis Ze
105. lobJaniZe givi Salvas Ze
106. lorTqifaniZe Temur sergos Ze
107. lorTqifaniZe rostom vasilis Ze
108. mamalaZe nugzar grigolis Ze
109. mamulaZe noSrevan maxmudis Ze
110. mamforia Tengiz sergos Ze
111. margiani avTandil antonis Ze
112. margiani grigol nikolozis Ze
113. marjaniSvili giorgi givis Ze
114. masxaraSvili irakli simonis Ze
115. maqacaria guram Salvas Ze
116. maWavariani arCil oTaris Ze
117. maWavariani maia vladimeris asuli
118. maWavariani muxran ivanes Ze
119. mayaSvili mixeil dimitris Ze
120. mgalobliSvili nugzar petres Ze
121. mdinaraZe Temur daviTis Ze
122. melaZe aliko (alberti) Salvas Ze
123. melaSvili irakli Tengizis Ze
124. memarniSvili roden beniaminis Ze
125. metreveli roin viqtoris Ze
126. meunargia vaxtang valerianis Ze
263
127. mindiaSvili arCil guramis Ze
128. mirianaSvili mirian SoTas Ze
129. mircxulava vladimer ambrosis Ze
130. molodinaSvili nugzar arCilis Ze
131. mJavia Temur valerianis Ze
132. nadareiSvili zviad giorgis Ze
133. nadareiSvili Tamaz vladimeris Ze
134. naTaZe maia revazis asuli
135. naTaZe nodar revazis Ze
136. narmania igor Salvas Ze
137. niniZe Tevdore giorgis Ze
138. noniaSvili nodar giorgis Ze
139. obgaZe Tamaz abesalomis Ze
140. odiSaria arCil varlamis Ze
141. oCiauri giorgi aleqsis Ze
142. paataSvili Tedo Salvas Ze
143. pavSencevi aleqsandre iuris Ze
144. papuniZe guram rafielis Ze
145. petriaSvili guram (simon) melentis Ze
146. petriaSvili robert melentis Ze
147. popiaSvili avTandil dimitris Ze
148. JorJoliani Tamaz omaris Ze
149. JRenti aleqsandre daviTis Ze
150. rigvava sergo tarasis Ze
151. rcxilaZe avTandil farnaozis Ze
152. sakandeliZe anzor aleqsandres Ze
153. saluqvaZe mindia evgenis Ze
154. sanebliZe nikoloz jemis Ze
155. sanikiZe gubaz levanis Ze
156. sanikiZe zurab tites Ze
157. sayvareliZe avTandil petres Ze
158. sayvareliZe merab vladimeris Ze
264
159. sajaia nugzar rajdenis Ze
160. sajaia jemal biqtoris Ze
161. silagaZe apolon apolonis Ze
162. siWinava anzor valerianis Ze
163. subeliani gia anzoris Ze
164. surmaniZe ramaz dursunis Ze
165. tabiZe daviT marlenis Ze
166. taliaSvili irine ilias asuli
167. turaSvili ivane (uSangi) Tedos Ze
168. tuxaSvili lovard vasilis Ze
169. ugrexeliZe mindia guramis Ze
170. uriaTmyofeli givi Temikos Ze
171. uridia merab borisis Ze
172. faCuaSvili jeiran nikolozis Ze
173. fidaniani mamikon gevorqis Ze
174. firosmaniSvili dali sardionis asuli
175. fircxalaiSvili gia goderZis Ze
176. frangiSvili iveri varlamis Ze
177. futkaraZe tariel aleqsandres Ze
178. fxalaZe viqtor kalistrates Ze
179. qavTaraZe giorgi giorgis Ze
180. qaSakaSvili guram venediqtes Ze
181. qitiaSvili SoTa nikolozis Ze
182. qeburia dimitri giorgis Ze
183. qobalia zaur daviTis Ze
184. qobulaSvili aleqsandre (aliko) giorgis Ze
185. qoriZe Teimuraz akakis Ze
186. quTaTelaZe besik Tengizis Ze
187. quTelia naTela samsonis asuli
188. RonRaZe ruslan giorgis Ze
189. yavelaSvili eTer grigolis asuli
190. yruaSvili anri ilias Ze
265
191. yuraSvili Tamaz pimenis Ze
192. SavTvalaZe nugzar mixeilis Ze
193. SaiSmelaSvili giorgi mixeilis Ze
194. SaniZe mzeqala akakis aseli
195. SariqaZe valerian akakis Ze
196. SiSiaSvili Teimuraz givis Ze
197. Sengelaia eldar nikolozis Ze
198. Sonia jemal biqtoris Ze
199. SurRaia valter grigolis Ze
200. SuSanaSvili aleqsandre amiranis Ze
201. CafiCaZe kukuri astionis Ze
202. CaCava Tengiz nikolozis Ze
203. Citlovi foti samsinis Ze
204. Ciqava gogi giorgis Ze
205. Ciqava leo leontis Ze
206. ColoyaSvili biZina konstantines Ze
207. CorgolaSvili gela artemis Ze
208. CxeiZe paata avTndilis Ze
209. cagareiSvili vaxtang Salvas Ze
210. comaia Salva goglas Ze
211. cofuraSvili vladimer (lado) vasilis Ze
212. cxomeliZe roman rezmanis Ze
213. ZiZiguri akaki varlamis Ze
214. ZiZiguri zviad valikos Ze
215. ZoZuaSvili manana grigolis asuli
216. ZoweniZe zurab giorgis Ze
217. wiTlanaZe giorgi iakobis Ze
218. wiklauri mirian sergos Ze
219. wiklauri Salva gabrielis Ze
220. winwilaSvili Salva avTndilis Ze
221. wiqariZe zurab nikolozis Ze
222. wuleiskiri nodar aleqsandres Ze
266
223. WiTava vaxtang amiranis Ze
224. WiTanava nodar ambrosis Ze
225. WilaSvili levan aleqsandres Ze
226. xabuliani dilari mixeilis Ze
227. xavTasi gia grigolis Ze
228. xaniSvili tristan silomonis Ze
229. xaratiSvili guram levanis Ze
230. xaraZe evgeni kiriles Ze
231. xaxva Tengiz suleimanis Ze
232. xaWapuriZe nikoloz arCilis Ze
233. xoneliZe giorgi iosebis Ze
234. xoStaria giorgi meTodes Ze
235. xuciSvili malxaz vaxtangis Ze
236. javaxia beJan apolonis Ze
237. javaxisvili nino aleqsandres asuli
238. janberiZe nodar Salvas Ze
239. janeliZe Teimuraz arCilis Ze
240. janeliZe eduard arCilis Ze
241. janeliZe Tamaz besarionis Ze
242. janjulia ediSer kalistrates Ze
243. jafariZe badri givis Ze
244. jafariZe buxula merabis Ze
245. jaSi vitali nikolozis Ze
246. jiqia bondo serapionis Ze
247. jologua vladimer irodionis Ze
248. jorjiaSvili mixeil simonis Ze
wyaro: http://www.parliament.ge
267
saSobao epistole
saqarTvelos wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesiis yvela erT-

gul, RvTivkurTxeul Svils:
qristesmier sayvarelno yovladsamRvdelono mRvdelmTavarno,
diakonno, ber-monozonno, dano da Zmano, RvTismSoblis safarveliT
daculi RvTivkurTxeuli iveriis mkvidrno, ucxoeTSi mcxovrebo
Tanamemamuleno. mogveaxla brwyinvale dResaswauli qristes Sobi-
sa, magram am didebul zeims saqarTvelo sevdiani xvdeba.
ZmaTa sisxlisRvriT gamowveuli tkivili bolomde gacnobiere-
buli arc aris. tragedia moxda, magram Seqmnili mdgomareobidan
gamosasvlel swor gzas ver vipoviT, Tu movlenebs miukerZoeblad
ar gavaanalizebT da yvelasTvis samwuxaro Sedegis mizezebs ar
aRmovfxvriT.
saqarTvelos istoriaSi moxda metad savalalo faqti: eri
daiyo. qalaqebsa da soflebSi, samsaxurebSi mosaxleoba daupiris-
pirda erTmaneTs: daupirispirdnen Taobebi, ojaxis wevrebi...
Seqmnilma mdgomareobam imdenad imoqmeda xalxis fsiqikaze, rom
masa egzaltirebuli da arawmida Zalis mier advilad samarTavi gaxda.
adamianebi gaborotdnen, gaxSirda ciliswameba, mkvleloba, ki-
dev ufro daeca zneoba, dadga Jami ganukiTxaobisa.
mosaxleobis nawilis gaRizianeba gamovlinda eklesiis mimar-
Tac. imis nacvlad, rom eklesia TviTon daecvaT politikisagan
da am mZime Jams eris erTobis, mSvidobisa da keTildReobisaTvis
aRevlinaT gulmxurvale locva RvTisadmi, mas dapirispirebul
mxareTa Soris arCevanis gakeTeba mosTxoves.
gana SeiZleba, eklesia dadges politikis gamo orad gaxleCi-
li eris romelime mxares da Tavisi mxardaWeriT misces moraluri
ufleba eris erT nawils meoris gasanadgureblad?
Cvens win rom ucxo mteri yofiliyo, pirvelni SevegebebodiT
mas, magram Cvens sawmysoSi, Cvens Svilebs Soris arCevanis gakeTe-
bis ufleba ar gvqonda.
gana zneobrivia, dedam ganasxvavos Svilebi erTmaneTisgan, Tu
yvela Rone unda ixmaros ZmaTa Soris SuRlis dasacxrobad?
eklesiamac, vidre iyo amis SesaZlebloba, araerTxel scada da-
pirispirebul mxareTa Serigeba da maT Soris arsebuli probleme-
bis molaparakebis gziT gadawyveta.
268
miuxedavad imisa, rom sapatriarqoSi gamarTulma adrindel-
ma Sexvedrebma nayofi ar gamoiRo, eklesia mzad iyo da gamoTqva
survili, mxareTa Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi, 21 dekembers kvlav mo-
laparakebisTvis exmo orive mxaris warmomadgenlebisTvis, magram
es winadadeba ar iqna miRebuli... da Cven dagvrCa erTaderTi sa-
Sualeba moqmedebisa – locva; rac didi sasoebiT aRevlineboda
Cvens taZrebSi.
locvas rom udidesi Zala aqvs, icis yvela WeSmaritma
morwmunem; rwmeniT aRvlenili savedrebeli yovlisSemZlea. TviT
ufali brZanebs: „ukueTu gaqundes sarwmunoeba¡ da ara Seor-
guldeT... hrquaT Tu mTasa amas: aRifxuer amier da STavardi
zRuasa! – iyos egre. da yovelsa raodensa iTxovdeT locvasa
Sina sarwmunoebiT, geyos Tquen“ (maTe 21,21).
am gansacdelis Jams Cvenma xalxma swored locva daiviwya,
aumRvreveli guliT locva. daiviwya, rom RvTis xelSia yoveli,
rom „ara cxondebis mefe mravliTa ZaliTa TuisiTa da gmiri
ara ganeres simravliTa Zalisa misisaTa“ (fsalmuni 32,16) da rom
mxolod „ufali ars Zal erisa Tvisisa“. „movediT Cemda yovelni
maSuralni da tvirTmZimeni da me gangisueno Tqven“ – brZanebs
macxovari.
axlaxans momxdari movlenebi migvaniSneben, rom iwyeba Cveni
ganwmenda mwuxarebisa da tanjvis gziT. magram es procesi xalxSi
jer kidev gaucnobiereblad mimdinareobs. saWiroa meti suliere-
ba, meti gulisxmisyofa.
adamianebi ibadebian, kvdebian, maTi sicocxle qreba Cvens
Tvalwin... Cveni Sinagani samyaro ki ugrZno rCeba, TiTqos es yve-
laferi sxvagan xdebodes. arasworad vfiqrobT wuTisofelze, mara-
diul cxovrebaze; gvaviwydeba, rom gardacvaleba ar niSnavs sulis
sikvdils, aramed – mis meored dabadebas, sulis ganTavisuflebas
gvamis simZimisagan. da vidre Camokravs sabediswero wuTi gar-
dacvalebisa, unda vizrunoT ganwmendaze, Sinagan feriscvalebaze.
mZimea Cveni cxovreba. uRmrToebis mravalwlianma uRelma uki-
duresad gamofita eris sasicocxlo Zalebi. xalxis zneobrivi
dauZlurebis mizezi RvTis madlisa da eklesiuri cxovrebisa-
gan dacilebaa, anu moSoreba im sayrdenisa, romlis daxmarebiTac
sworad unda gvecxovra. samocdaaTwlianma batonobam Tavisi daRi
daasva Cvens suls; magram marTalni ar viqnebiT, Tu pasuxismge-
269
blobas movixsniT da qristianobisagan Cvens gandgomas mxolod
ZalmomreobiT avxsniT.
ratom iyo, rom warsulSi, aranaklebi SeWirvebis Jams, sarwmu-
noebis Secvla iSviaTobas warmoadgenda, axla ki mowamebrivi
Rvawlis mtvirTvelni erTeulebiRa darCnen.
ra aris mizezi amisa? – isev da isev eklesiisagan gandgoma. es
seni saerTo sakacobrioa. meoce saukuneSi mecnierebisa da teqnikis
swrafma aRmavlobam adamiani aRavso ampartavnebiT da gauCina cru
iluzia imisa, rom igi sakuTari gonebiTa da ZaliT SeZlebda namd-
vilad bednieri cxovrebis mowyobas. RvTisa da eklesiis morCileba
„umwifari“ kacobriobis istoriul etapad iqna ganxiluli, magram
moCvenebiTi „srulwlovaneba“ sabediswero aRmoCnda. sakuTar Tavs
mindobili kacibrioba moswyda RmerTs da borotis badeSi gaexvia.
utyuari niSani amisa Tanamedrove adamianis zneobrivi dacema da
gadagvarebaa.
dRes bevrs hgonia, rom igi morwmune qristiania, magram scdeba.
pirovnebisaTvis damaxasiaTebel religiur grZnobas isini xSirad
rwmenad miiCneven. sinamdvileSi ki, religiuri grZnoba aris mxo-
lod erT-erTi aucilebeli piroba RvTis Semecnebisa. namdvili
rwmena ki Sedegia ama Tu im pirovnebaSi RvTis gancxadebisa da misi
srulyofa sarwmunoebrivi cxovrebiT xdeba.
WeSmaritebisaken mimaval gzaze calkeul adamians Tu ers TviT
RmerTma daudgina megzurad da maswavleblad eklesia, – „sveti da
simtkice WeSmaritebisa“, uZlureba borotisa, rameTu igia Seury-
vneli damcveli RvTis sibrZnisa. ufali brZanebs: „kldesa zeda
aRvaSeno eklesiaჲ Cemi, da bWeni jojoxeTisani ver ereodian
mas“ (maTe 15,9).
samwuxarod, araeklesiuri suliskveTebis seni jer kidev Za-
lian Rrmad yofila CvenSi fesvgamdgari.
upirveles yovlisa, es unda gaacnobieros inteligenciam, rad-
gan igia eris moazrovne da warmmarTveli Zala. inteligencia WeS-
maritebis SecnobaSi unda daexmaros xalxs, magram rogor SeZlebs
igi amas, Tu Tavad iqneba mowyvetili RvTaebrivi sibrZnis wyaros
– eklesias? eklesiis gareSe igi mxolod kacobrivi gonebis nayofs
gamoiRebs da amiT gaucnobiereblad zians moutans xalxs. maT ms-
gavsTa mimarT brZanebs ufali: „amaod mmsaxureben me, rameTu
aswaveben moZRurebasa da mcnebasa kacTasa“ (maTe 15,9).
270
inteligencia unda iqces mrevlis im rCeul nawilad, romelic,
viTarca anTebuli sanTeli, wyvdiadSi myof ers RvTisaken mimaval
gzas gaunaTebs.
xalxi sulierad dasapurebelia da puris mimwodebeli xeli
ar gvyofnis. „samkali friad ars, xolo muSakni – mcired“. Se-
vsTxovT ufals, raTa „gamoavlinnes moqmedni samkalsa Tჳssa“
(maTe 9,37-38).
mTavari mizezi eklesiisgan xalxis mowyvetisa mainc amparta-
vneba iyo. dResac es codva gvRupavs. ampartavnebis gamo visjebiT.
ufali gvwvrTnis, raTa damdablebulni RvTissaTno gzaze davd-
geT da movipovoT madli winaSe missa.
simdablis saocari magaliTi TviT ieso qristem mogvca. ufali,
romelsac eloda mTeli kacobrioba da romlis Sesaxebac werdnen
winaswarmetyvelni, yovlad SeumCneveli saocari simdabliT moe-
vlina am qveyanas.
„im drois gavleniani sazogadoeba fufunebiTa da simdidriT
iyo galaRebuli. qristes SobisTvis ki mravalricxovan sasaxleeb-
sa da SenobaTa Soris erTi ubralo Raribuli saxlic ki ar moiZe-
bna, igi daibada beTlemis gamoqvabulSi, iq, sadac mwyemsebi uamin-
dobisas saqonels afarebdnen.
am didi saidumlos aRsrulebisaTvis es gamoqvabuli da baga
ufro sasurveli da wminda aRmoCnda, vidre msoflios yvela sa-
saxle da samefo palati.
saocaria, pirvelmxilvelnic ganxorcielebuli macxovrisa iy-
vnen ubralo mwyemsebi da ara ganmgebelni qveynisa anda sxva maRa-
li Tanamdebobis pirni; mwyemsebi, romelTa yvelaze didi simdidre
maTi sufTa, wrfeli guli iyo.
ieso qristes ganmacvifrebel TavmdablobaSia swored misi Rv-
Taebrivi sidiade.
mSvenivrad swers wminda ioane damaskeli: „kurTxeviTa RvTisa
da mamisa mxolodSobilma Zem – sityvam RvTisa da Tavad RmerTma...
erTarsma mamisa da sulisa wmidisa, maradiulman da dausabamoman
modrikna cani da gardamoxda; miuwvdomeli sidiadi Tvisi miuwv-
domlad daamdabla da mieaxla Tavis monebs gamouTqmeli da gasao-
cari mowyalebiT. sruli RmerTi iqmna srul kacad, raTa ewamla
Cveni urCobis codvisaTvis da qceuliyo magaliTad morCilebisa,
morCilebisa, romlis gareSec SeuZlebelia gadarCena“.
271
qristes Soba aris adamianis xelaxali dabadeba ara yovlis-
SemZleobiT, aramed msxverplSewiruli siyvaruliT (sergi bulga-
kovi).
Soba qristesi aris saidumlo RvTis ganxorcielebisa. Ze Rv-
Tisa mogvevlina Zed kacisa, raTa dacemulni camde avemaRle-
bineT. yovlis Semoqmedma Tavi daumorCila sjulis kanonis yve-
la moTxovnas, gamogvisyida kanoniT gasamarTlebulni, mogvixsna
beWedi gandevnilisa da gvqmna Svilad RvTisa.
man araswori ganviTareba kacobriobisa Secvala axliT. samya-
ros mizidulobis centri, codvis Sedegad RmerTs mowyvetili,
Tavis Zvel adgils daubrunda da modgma yoveli da Jami yoveli
moicva, raTa msofliosaTvis moetana namdvili Tavisufleba da
WeSmariti siyvaruli da eCvenebina gza ganRmrTobisa.
dRes ufali TviTeul Cvengans mimarTavs wminda esaia wi-
naswarmetyvelis sityvebiT: „ganibaneT, ganiwmindeT, avi saqmeebi
TvalTagan ganmarideT, SewyviteT borotis qmna. sikeTis qmna
iswavleT, eZieT samarTali, SeewieT Cagruls, ganikiTxeT obo-
li, qvrivs gamoesarCleT. mere modiT da ciloba vyoT, ambobs
ufali: mewamulic rom iyos Tqveni codvebi, TovliviT ganspe-
takdeba, WiaferiviT wiTelic rom iyos, matylis fTilasaviT
gaxdeba. Tu morCilni iqnebiT da gamgoneni, miwis dovlaTs
SeWamT; Tu gandgebiT da gaurCdebiT, maxvili SegWamT!“ (esaia
1,16-20).
Zmano da dano Cemno, SevsTxovoT axladSobil ufals, ieso
qristes, moamzados Cveni gulebi sulieri feriscvalebisaTvis,
mogvces madli simdablisa da morCilebisa, codvaTa mitevebisa,
madli siyvarulisa da mSvidobisa, suli erTobisa, raTa viyoT
RvTis nebis aRmsrulebelni, Zed misad viwodoT da urcxvenelad
vTqvaT „mamao Cveno... iyavn neba Seni...“
kidev erTxel yvelas gilocavT qristes Sobis brwyinvale dRe-
saswauls da damdeg axal wels.
gixarodeT, ufali CvenTan ars.
qristes Soba,
Tbilisi.
1992 weli.
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II
„epistoleni, sityvani, qadagebani“, tomi I, Tbilisi, 1997 w.
272
putCistebis gamonaTqvamebi
sanam uSualod gavixsenebT 1991-92-93 ww. ambebs Tu rogor vi-

Tardeboda movlenebi Cvens qveyanaSi da vin iyvnen mTavari ideo-
log-damgegmavebi da aRmsruleblebi am ubinZuresi aqtisa, manamde
am vaiqarTvelTa frazebiT `davtkbeT~:
gazeTi ìberia-speqtri~ (21-27 maisi 1992 weli): `gafrTxileba:
yvela ukanono mitingi iqneba darbeuli, vinc winaaRmdegobas gagvi-
wevs tyvias vesvriT~, jaba ioseliani. saqarTvelos respublikis
saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris pirveli moadgile.
gazeTi `saqarTvelos respublika~ ( 1, 1992 wlis ianvari), saubro-
ben kitovani da ioseliani: `-sikvdili Tqven, xelisufleba – Cven!~
gazeTi àRdgoma~ (2 1992 wlis 3.10), jaba ioseliani: `megrelebi
unda amowyvito da am miwaze sxvebi daasaxlo~. ioseliani intervius
aZlevs arkadi dubinovs - 1992 w. (sityva Seasrula–aaoxra kidec...
axla, `movaleobamoxdili, mSvidad ganisvenebs didubis panTeonSi)
gazeTi `dro~(45, 1997 w.), mamuka giorgaZe: `vin Tqva, rom edp-s
wevrebi dekember-ianvarSi ar omobdnen?~
`Cven varT me-20 saukunis qarTveli maZinistebi, viciT, rom vivliT
mxolod politikuri gziT da Secdomas ver davuSvebT, imitom rom
marTalni varT RvTisa da eris winaSe. erovnul-demokratiuli par-
tia ar TamaSobs xalxis grZnobebze. Cven brbos vaqcevT xalxad...~
(g. Wanturia, gazeTi `literaturuli saqarTvelo~, 18.X.89w.)
1992w. 20-26 agvisto, gazeTi ìberia-speqtri~:
nodar lomouri: „dRes sakiTxi ase unda daisvas: `banditebi sab-
olood unda ganadgurdnen.~
luiza SakiaSvili: `mogiwodebT yvelas gverdSi amogvidgeT...
dro aRar iTmens, satanas cecxliTa da maxviliT unda gavuswordeT.~
eldar Sengelaia: `banditebi unda moSordnen saqarTvelos, ro-
gorc Savi Wiri~.
mzeqala SaniZe: ìsini unda moispon, rogorc kuTxeSi momwyvdeu-
li virTxebi~.
irina sariSvili: `dRes is viTarebaa, rodesac yvela aRSfoTebu-
lia da momxrea, rom es bandituri jgufebi sabolood ailagmos~.
`demokratebi~ banditur jgufebSi gulisxmoben mosaxleobis
87% kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis amomrCevlebs!
273
irina sariSvils gamarTlebulad miaCnia mitingebis darbeva,
vinaidan is destabilizaciis mTavari wyaroa, misi TqmiT `vinc dasar-
bevia, unda dairbes~. ( gaz. `7 dRe~ 16-22 aprili, 1993w. 14)
eldar Sengelaia: `Tqven axalgazrdebi xarT da Tqven viRac
Zalian cud gzaze gkravT xels, gamodiTo... sadac zviadi gavuSviT,
iq gagiSvebT Tqvenc.. gamodiT quCaSi... gamovalT quCaSi – rom yvirix-
arT, gamodiT quCaSi.. gvaSinebT?.~ (gazeTi `studenturi paemani~ 9(14)
05.12.1996).
irakli wereTeli: `zviad gamsaxurdias ganTavisuflebuli saqa-
rTvelo Cven ar gvinda.~ (gaz. `TvalTai~, 22-28 noemberi, 1996 w.).
ai, kidev ras acxadebs giorgi Wanturia (gaz.~qarTuli qron-
ika~,VIII.90): `Cven dumili ar ZalgviZs mxolod imis gamo, rom vxedavT:
SevardnaZe-gamsaxurdias aliansma saqarTvelo SesaZloa daRupvamde
miiyvanos... rac Semexeba me, RmerTia mowame da Cemi megobrebi, rom
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis Semdeg saerTod vapireb aqtiuri
politikisaTvis Tavis danebebas.~
dRes ukve yvelam icis, vinc iyo da aris aliansSi SevardnaZesTan.
axla, ras brZanebda jansuR Carkviani: `swored aq min-
da vTqva: saqarTvelos kompartiis centraluri komitetis bi-
uros xazi emTxveva gardaqmnis devizs, naTqvamia: `meti so-
cializmi, meti sajarooba, meti sinaTle, swored am sinaTliT
cdilobs respublika Tavisi sityvis Tqmas erTa did saZmoSi.~
(j. Carkviani, „komunisti~, 23.988).
ra sityvac Tqves `komusnitebma~, yvelas kargad moexseneba.
isev Carkviani: `me maqvs imis ufleba, rom ar momwondes zviad gam-
saxurdias saqarTvelo.~ (j.Carkviani, `ganaTleba~, 25.IX.91 w.)
mas erTa did saZmoSi undoda darCena!
irakli Sengelaia: àm etapze, miuxedavad programuli gansxvave-
bisa, azrTa pluralizmisa da poziciis, moxda garkveuli SeTanxmeba
opoziciur partiebs Soris. Cveni mTavari mizania prezidentis ga-
dadgoma.~ (`ganaTleba~, 18.IX/90).
maT surdaT moespoT saqarTvelos 1991 wlis 9 aprils aRdgenili
damoukidebloba.
eldar Sengelaia: `Cemi azriT, opozicias unda eyos goniereba,
rom dRevandeli mdgomareoba SevinarCunoT. garkveuli dapirisp-
irebis arseboba aucilebelia...~ (`droni~, 4.X.91).
irakli wereTeli: `politikurma partiebma da organizaciebma
274
unda miiRon mtkice gadawyvetileba, gvardielebsa da nebismier Sei-
araRebul Zalas unda mouwodon, rom gamsaxurdia iaraRis ZaliT iqnes
gadayenebuli... me da Cems partias miRebuli gvaqvs aseTi gadawyveti-
leba – an Cven viqnebiT saqarTveloSi an gamsaxurdia iqneba, an Cven da-
vixocebiT, an is, radac unda dajdes es... Cemi azriT, es aris aucilebe-
li, rom gamsaxurdia iqnes Camogdebuli. amaze ori azri ar arsebobs!
(`soflis cxovreba~, 25.IX.91).
`prezidentis mmarTvelobis dReebi daTvlilia.~ (ir.sariSvili,
droni, 27.X.91).
r. miSvelaZe: `b-ni eduardi marTali iyo imaSi, rom ramdenime in-
teligentma marTlac aiRo xelSi iaraRi.~ (gaz.,~dro~,40,1997).
Tamaz kvaWantiraZe: `saarCevno kampaniis dros ganvacxade:
me ar vibrZvi prezidentobisaTvis, me vebrZvi prezidentobas.~
(àxalgazrda iverieli~, 28.IX.91).
valerian advaZe: `me da Cemma kolegebma saprezidento arCevnebis
win didxans vimsjeleT da gadavwyviteT, rom saWiro iyo sxva kandi-
dati da miuxedavad imisa, rom vicodiT, ver gavidodiT... mainc unda
davpirispirebodiT, ara marto me, aramed rac SeiZleba meti kandi-
dati mainc, raTa rac SeiZleba meti procenti wagverTmia misTvis...~
(àxalgazrda iverieli~, 28.IX.91).
Tengiz sigua: `Tqven eWvi gamoTqviT, rom gamsaxurdia alians-
Si iyo `gkCp~ putCistebTan? – me amas ar vamtkiceb, mtkice-
bas sabuTi unda. amitomacaa, rom Cven dRemde oficialurad ar
dagviweria es versia. velodebiT ianaevis oqmis gamoqveynebas.~
(`dedamiwa~, 26.IX.91)
275
rusi disidentebis gamonaTqvamebi gamsaxurdiaze
es im matrabazTa, gondabindulTa da sulgayidulTa sayu-

radRebod, vinc masxrad igdebs Cvens erovnul gmirebs, vinc Seu-
racxhyofs maT saxelebs, visTvisac samSoblo da misTvis zvara-
kad Sewiruli Svilebi saqiliko da salazRandaro gamxdara, vinc
dRemde anTxevs boRmasa da gesls!
geSinodeT uflisa da momavali Taobisa!
yuri daugdeT qvebudanno disidenti qalbatonis am gulidan
amosul tkivils:
“ misi gansakuTrebuli misiis Secnoba mxolod mas Seswevs,
visac aqvs unari wmida jvris eniT uTqmeli saidumlos Secno-
bisa...
CemTvis saqarTvelo rogorc qveyana, ar iarsebebs manamde,
sanam iq kanoniereba ar aRsdgeba“. adela nadeinoviCi
„mimaCnia, rom rogorc erovnul moRvawes, zviad gamsaxur-
dias didi damsaxureba miuZRvis Tavisi qveynis winaSe. is iyo
saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti da Tavdauzogavad ibrZoda
qveynis damoukideblobisaTvis. me masTan xSirad mqonia kamaTi,
magram udavoa, rom zviad gamsaxurdia iyo didi sazogado moR-
vawe. xolo rogorc politikosi, igi SevardnaZeze naklebi namd-
vilad ar aris, misi politika gacilebiT ufro zneobrivi iyo
rogorc mcire erebis, ise zogadad adamianis uflebaTa dacvis
sferoSi. ase vafaseb me zviad gamsaxurdias.
gamsaxurdia istoriuli pirovnebaa da samudamod darCeba
istoriaSi“.
iuri orlovi
helsinkis saerTaSoriso federaciis sapatio Tavmjdomare,
aSS.
„russkaia misl“. parizi
1978 wels sabWTa disidenturi moZraobis meore TvalsaCino

moRvawe petre grigorenko xazgasmiT miuTiTebda: „mjera dad-
geba dro, rodesac qarTveli xalxi zviad gamsaxurdiasa da me-
rab kostavas Tavis udides erovnul gmirebad Seracxavs“. (emi-
grantuli Jurnali „Tavisufali tribuna“. 21 1978).
276
„viTarebaTa gamo 70-80 wlebSi me „vkurirebdi“ saqarTvelos.
Cvengan gadioda saqarTveloSi e. SevardneZis mdivnobis Jams
ukanonobisa da represiebis Sesaxeb informaciis didi nawili...
informaciis gaformebasa da saerTaSoriso samarTaldamcav
organizaciebSi mis gadacemas me da Cemi moskoveli kolegebi
mudam zviad gamsaxurdias daxmarebiT vaxerxebdiT... zviadi iyo
erTad erTi Zafi, romelic gamofxizlebis gzaze mdgar saqarT-
velosTan gvakavSirebda...
igi mudam ebrZoda e. SevardnaZesa da mis xelisuflebas
eklesiis siwmindeebis dasacavad, saqarTvelos suverenitetisa
da TavisuflebisaTvis...
dilis locvisas mudam SvesTxov RvTismSobels, raTa su-
lieri simxneva ar moaklos borot ZalTa mier TaviT fexebamde
cilnawameb Cem tanjul megobars, monas RvTisas zviads, romel-
sac 28 welia vicnob.
misi gansakuTrebuli misiis Secnoba mxolod mas Seswevs,
visac aqvs unari wmida jvris eniT uTqmeli saidumlos Secno-
bisa...
CemTvis saqarTvelo, rogorc qveyana, ar iarsebebs, sanam iq
kanoniereba ar aRsdgeba“.
adela nadeinoviCi
gulagis yofili patimari, ruseTis adamianis uflebaTa dam-
cavi moZraobis TavlsaCino warmomadgeneli, moskovis helsinkis
jgufis wevri.
„zviad gamsaxurdia aris tragikuli pirovneba, igi saqar-

TveloSi movida misi istoriis, albaT yvelaze tragikul mo-
mentSi da movida oqros saukunidan, sadac mas Teologsa da
moazrovnes Sesaferisi adgili eWira Tamar mefis brwyinvale
sasaxlis filosofiur disputebze. magram igi daibada sisxlian
XX saukuneSi, roca Sinaganad afeTqebuli droTa kavSiri dair-
Rva.
qarTveli hamleti mowodebuli iyo aRedgina igi, magram es
misTvis SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda, rogorc misi winamorbedi daniis
princisaTvis.
xalxis rCeuli, saqarTvelos rCeuli mzad iyo emsaxura mis-
Tvis, rogorc rainds, magram igi arasodes yofila politikosi
277
Tanamedrove gagebiT da politika mas esmoda, rogorc disputi
WeSmaritebis dasadgenad. misi mowinaaRmdegebi iyvnen profe-
sionali jalaTebi.
misi prezidentobis gza cnobilia – es aris golgoTisaken
aRmavali gza!
prezidenti disidenti, rogorc mas xSirad uwodeben, iqca
prezident – mowamed!
saerTod, masSi iyo raRac qristiani mowamisa da sxva dros
rom ecxovra gaxdeboda kidec rwmenis moRvawe.“
Телевная Н. М.
Почва и судьбы «Свободная газета» (Москва, 1999)
sainteresoa kavkasiis TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZoli raindis,

gmiri inguSi xalxis Svilis, cnobili disidentisa da uflebeTa
damcvelis baton isa qaZoevis mosmena:
„zviad gamsaxurdias sikvdiliT mTavrdeba disidenturi suf-
Ta, romantikuli etapi kavkasiis Cagrul xalxTa Tavisuflebis
moZraobisa.
zviadi maradisobaSi gadavida, Tanamemamuleebs dautova ra
Tavisi moZRvreba - zviadizmi - saqarTvelos sruli uflebebis
aRdgenisaTvis. qedmouxreli brZolis moZRvreba, moZRvreba
agebuli oTx dedaboZze:
1. qarTveli xalxis dabruneba RmerTTan;
2. dabruneba winaparTa tradiciebze;
3. politikurad da ekonomiurad Zlieri damoukidebeli
saxelmwifos aRdgena;
4. kavkasiel xalxTa Zmoba, saerTo kavkasiuri saxlis Seqmna
kavkasiis yvela xalxisaTvis.
ai, is doqtrina, romelic gaunaTebs gzas momaval patriote-
bs saqarTvelos TavisuflebisaTvis, sruliad kavkasiis Tavisu-
flebisaTvis.
RmerTi iyos maTi Semwe! dae, maTi xvedri iyos warmatebuli
da sabedniero, vidre Cvenia!
ara! zviad gamsaxurdias ideaze jvaris dasma ar gamouvaT!
zviadi daiRupa fizikurad, idea zviadisa ki icocxlebs!“
„igi keTilSobilia, alali, wminda da ganasaxierebs sibrZnes,
mwerlis niWs da simtkices bavSvurad gulubryvilo martvilisa,
278
igi mTeli sicocxle ebrZoda komunizmsa da misgan aTavisuflebda
Tavis patara qveyanas. igi marad disidentia, romelmac gadaitana
cixec, wamebac da katorRac. igi almodebul gemze kapitnad rCeba
da urCevnia CaiZiros, vidre alami dauSvas, esaa zviad gamsaxurdia
– qarTuli sibrZnis da Rirsebis simbolo“.
valeria novodvorskaia
ruseTis demokratiuli partiis lideri
margaret TeTCeri, igive „rkinis ledi“ ase axasiaTebs zviad
gamsaxurdias: àseTi prezidenti nebismier qveyanas daamSvenebda~.
vlaclav havelma – aRmosavleT evropis disidentTa lider-
ma ganacxada zviad gamdaxurdiaze, rom saqarTvelos erovnulma
moZraobam, zviad gamsaxurdiam gadamwyveti roli Seasrules aR-
mosavleT evropisa da sabWoTa respublikebis gaTavisuflebaSi.
279
uaxlesi istoria
saqarTvelos damoukidebeli respublikis uzenaesi sabWos de-

putatebi, romlebic 1992 wels Riad Sevidnen xuntis e. w. saxelmwi-
fo sabWoSi:
1. roman gociriZe
2. eldar Sengelaia
3. paata koRuaSvili
4. akaki boboxiZe
5. daviT berZeniSvili
6. Tamaz diasamiZe
7. ruslan RonRaZe
8. Tedo paataSvili
9. daviT kupreiSvili
10. irakli melaSvili
iyvnen deputatebi, romlebic malulad TanamSromlobdnen xun-

tistur saxelmwifo sabWosTan.
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos prezidiumis

d a d g e n i l e b a
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos wevrTa erTi

nawilis uflebamosilebis SeCerebis Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos respublikaSi 1990 wlis noembridan destruqciu-

li Zalebi awyoben sxvadasxva saxis madestabilizirebel, tero-
ristul aqtebs. rac mimarTulia mravalpartiuli, demokratiu-
li wesiT arCeuli saxelmwifo xelisuflebisa da mmarTvelobis
umaRlesi organoebis ZaladobiT damxobisaken. kanonieri xelisu-
flebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli e. w. opoziciuri Zalebis moqmedebe-
bma viTareba gansakuTrebiT daZaba 1991 wlis 4–5 oqtombers, xolo
1991 wlis 22 dekembridan saqarTveloSi mimdinareobs saxelmwifo
gadatrialebis SeiaraRebuli mcdeloba.
aseT viTarebaSi, saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos pre-
zidiumma, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT araerTxel mouwo-
280
da deputatebs, raTa gamocxadebuliyvnen uzenaes sabWoSi da aRes-
rulebinaT TavianTi sadeputato, moqalaqeobrivi da mamuliSvilu-
ri vali. deputatTa erTi nawili, arc erTxel ar gamocxadebula
samuSao adgilze, xolo zogierTi maTgani monawileobs, an xels
uwyobs da cdilobs gaamarTlos putCistTa antisaxelmwifoebrivi,
danaSaulebrivi qmedeba.
aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos
wevris statusis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos
1990 wlis 27 dekembris kanonis me–6 muxlis Sesabamisad, saqarTve-
los respublikis uzenaesi sabWos prezidiumi adgens:
1. vinaidan deputatTa nawili praqtikulad ar monawileobs
uzenaesi sabWosa da misi organoebis muSaobaSi saqarTvelosTvis
umZimes periodSi, uflebamosileba SeuCerdeT saqarTvelos res-
publikis uzenaesi sabWos qvemoT CamoTvlil wevrebs:
mandatis nomeri
1. roman gociriZes №5
2. nodar naTaZes №9
3. eldar Sengelaias №21
4. gela CorgolaSvils №23
5. paata koRuaSvils №38
6. givi lobJaniZes №58
7. merab balarjiSvils №60
8. daviT arevaZes №63
9. givi uriadmyofels №64
10. malxaz dvaliSvils №69
11. anzor sakandeliZes №73
12. avTandil imnaZes №74
13. beJan abesaZes №75
14. akaki boboxiZes №80
15. anzor siWinavas №95
16. gia subelians №109
17. daviT berZeniSvils №112
18. Tamaz diasamiZes №113
19. noSrevan mumlaZes №120
20. vaJa adamias №122
21. ruslan RonRaZes №127
281
22. Tedo paataSvils №129
23. daviT kupreiSvils №134
24. Tengiz dixaminjias №137
25. merab uridias №138
26. irakli melaSvils №145
27. malxaz kvanWilaSvils №151
28. xvedri inasariZes №159
29. salome zviadaZes №174
30. gela koberiZes №176
31. Tamaz obgaZes №177
32. eTer yavelaSvils №178
33. avTandil popiaSvils №182
34. anzor kudbas №183
35. nugzar kvaWaZes №184
36. maia naTaZes №187
2. saqarTvelos respublikis generalurma prokurorma saxelmwi-

fo gadatrialebis mcdelobasTan dakavSirebiT aRZrul sisxlis
samarTlis saqmis gamoZiebisas Seiswavlos uzenaesi sabWos zemo
aRniSnul wevrTa moqmedeba da saqmianoba.
3. daevalos saqarTvelos respublikis generalur prokurors
erTi Tvis vadaSi moamzados uzenaesi sabWos sxdomisaTvis infor-
macia sisxlis samarTlis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT dadgenilebis Za-
laSi miRebisTanave.

Tavmjdomaris moadgile nemo burWulaZe
q. Tbilisi 30 dekemberi 1991 weli .
gazeTi „quTaisi“ №2 (17451), 1992 w. 2 ianvari.
282
ruseTis mexuTe kolonis polit-liderebi
da maTi WanWikebi:
1. nino burjanaZe 34. valeri kvaracxelia

2. zurab noRaideli 35. Teimuraz SaSiaSvili
3. irina sariSvili 36. giorgi xaindrava
4. gia JorJoliani 37. boris kakubava
5. Temur JorJoliani 38. zviad ZiZiguri
6. nestan kirTaZe 39. zaza abaSiZe
7. giorgi margvelaSvili 40. biZina gujabiZe
8. irakli baTiaSvili 41. gulbaaT rcxilaZe
9. nona gafrindaSvili 42. vaJa lorTqifaniZe
10. Salva obgaiZe 43. demur giorxeliZe
11. elizbar javeliZe 44. nana kakabaZe
12. akaki asaTiani 45. irma inaSvili
13. valeri gelbaxiani 46. daviT Tarxan-mouravi
14. irakli oqruaSvili 47. merab bladaZe
15. malxaz gulaSvili 48. anzor abralava
16. kaxa kukava 49. sergo javaxaZe
17. aleqsandre SalambereiZe 50. melor vaCnaZe
18. koba daviTaSvili 51. koba narCemaSvili
19. petre mamraZe 52. vasil maRlaferiZe
20. gia TorTlaZe 53. giorgi Sengelaia
21. levan gaCeCilaZe 54. ivliane xaindrava
22. koka guncaZe 55. ada marSania
23. giorgi kobaxiZe 56. eldar Sengelaia
24. soso jaWvliani 57. jumber kirvaliZe
25. nana devdariani 58. nukri qanTaria...
26. jondi baRaTuria
27. giorgi TargamaZe WanWikebi:
28. levan vefxvaZe
29. nika liluaSvili 1. sandro bregaZe
30. baCuki qardava 2. soso manjaviZe
31. paata daviTaia 3. avTandil daviTaia
32. dimitri lorTqifaniZe 4. giorgi uZilauri
33. Salva naTelaSvili 5. zaza daviTaia
283
6. irakli yifiani 14. lado sadRobelaSvili
7. jaba jiSkariani 15. daviT facacia
8. konstantine CikvilaZe 16. levan CaCua
9. gia yruaSvili 17. daviT giorgobiani
10. lali afciauri 18. goCa gvasalia...
11. SoTa afxaiZe
12. vaxtang-loTi qobalia (arasruli sia)
13. vaxuSti farcvania
284
xunta
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Semadgenloba

saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumi
eduard SevardnaZe – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo

sabWos Tavmjdomare;
jaba ioseliani – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos
Tavmjdomaris moadgile, dramaturgi, doqtori, profesori;
Tengiz sigua – saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos prezidiumis we-
vri, premier-ministris movaleobis Semsrulebeli, teqnikur mecnie-
rebaTa doqtori, profesori;
Tengiz kitovani – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos
prezidiumis wevri, saqarTvelos respublikis premier-ministris
pirveli moadgile:
vaxtang goguaZe – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos
mdivani, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis filosofiur mecnie-
irakli andriaZe – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos
saqmeTa mmarTveli, teqnikur mecnierebaTa kandidati, docenti;
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos wevrebi:

valerian advaZe – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo qonebis
marTvis komitetis Tavmjdomare, ekonomikur mecnierebaTa doqto-
ri, profesori, erovnuli Tanxmobisa da aRorZinebis kavSiris Ta-
vmjdomare;
levan aleqsiZe – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis proreq-
tori, iuridiul mecnierebaTa doqtori,profesori;
merab aleqsiZe – geofizikis institutis direqtori, fizika-ma-
Tematikis mecnierebaTa akademiis namdvili wevri;
Wabua amirejibi – mwerali, amerika-saqarTvelos erToblivi
sawarmo ”isris” generaluri direqtori,erovnuli Tanxmobisa da
aRorZinebis kavSiris wevri;
jemal ajiaSvili – mTavari mTargmnelobiTi centris ufrosi
mecnieri, redaqtori, mwerali;
irakli baTiaSvili – filosofiis institutis ufrosi mecnieri
TanamSromeli;
285
akaki baqraZe – mwerali, literatori;
guram beriSvili – kibernetikis institutis modelirebis ganyo-
filebis gamge, fizika-maTematikis mecnierebaTa kandidati, respu-
blikuri partiis wevri;
daviT berZeniSvili –baTumis samecniero kvleviTi institutis
mecnier-TanamSromeli, respublikuri partiis wevri;
igor bogomolovi – mecnierebaTa akademiis erovnul urTierTo-
baTa Semswavleli centris ganyofilebis gamge, filologiur mecnie-
kote gabaSvili – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis docenti,
filologiur mecnierebaTa kandidati;
Tamaz gamyreliZe – aRmosavleTmcodneobis institutis direq-
tori akademikosi,saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis namdvili we-
vri;
guram gegeSiZe – mwerali, rusTavelis sazogadoebis vice-pre-
zidenti;
naira gelaSvili – mwerali, kulturul urTierTobaTa centris
direqtori;
arCil gogelia – damoukidebel gazeT „dronis” mTavari redaq-
tori;
vasil gociriZe – xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebisa da yofis saxelmwi-
fo muzeumis ganyofielbis gamge, liberalur-demokratiuli erov-
nuli partiis Tavmjdomare;
roman gociriZe – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis ekono-
mikis kaTedris docenti;
guram TevzaZe – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis filoso-
fiis istoriis kaTedris gamge, filologiur mecnierebaTa doqtori,
profesori, mecnierebaTa akademiis wevr-korespodenti;
aleqsandre kavsaZe – saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo
qonebis marTvis komitetis Tavmjdomare;
Tamaz kvaWarntiraZe –Jurnal ”balavaris” mTavari redaqtori,
saxelmwifo universitetis docenti, filologiis mecnierebaTa kan-
didati;
paata koRuaSvili – saqarTvelos respublikis miwis resursebisa
da miwis reformis saxelmwifo komitetis Tavmjdomare;
raul kuprava – saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis ele-
qtro-samedicino aparaturis kaTedris docenti, teqnikur mecnie-
286
daviT kupreiSvili – mecnierebaTa akademiis saxelmwifo da sa-
marTlis institutis mecnier-TanamSromeli;
oTar liTaniSvili – qalaq Tbiliisis meri;
nodar lomouri – aRmosavleTmcodneobis institutis ganyo-
filebis gamge, istoriul mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori;
mirza maSovi – tele-radio departamentis redaqtori, rusTa-
velis sazogadoebasTan arsebuli azerbaijanuli asociaciis pa-
suxismgebeli mdivani;
levan mesxi – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis birTvuli-fi-
zikis kaTedris mecnier-TanamSromeli;
zurab murvaniZe – Tbilisis samedicino institutis neiroqirur-
giis kaTedris asistenti;
guram muCaiZe – saxalxo meurneobis marTvis institutis ka-
Tedris gamge, istoriis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori, so-
cial-demokratiuli partiis Tavmjdomare;
mixeil naneiSvili – filosofiis institutis mecnieri TanamS-
romeli, liberalur demokratiuli erovnuli kavSiris Tavmjdo-
mare;
Tevdore niniZe – Jurnal ”samarTlis” redaqtori, iuridiul
mecnierebaTa kandidati;
Temur nergaZe – fsiqologiis institutis mecnieri TanamSrome-
li;
iza orjonikiZe – qarTuli literaturis istoriis muzeumis
direqtori, poeti;
Tedo paataSvili – inJiner-fizikosi, ”qartia-91” Tavmjdomare;
daviT pataraia – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis studenti;
zurab Jvania – mwvaneTa partiis spikeri;
Teimuraz JorJoliani – monarqistuli partiis Tavmjdomare;
viqtor rcxilaZe – Jurnal ”religiis” redaqtori;
irina sariSvili – erovnul-demokratiuli partiis pres-mdiva-
ni;
fridon sayvareliZe –eqimTa daxelovnebis institutis kaTe-
dris asistenti, “demokratiuli arCevani saqarTvelosaTvis” wevri;
giorgi sigua – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis kiberne-
tikis kaTedris mecnieri TanamSromeli;
Temur fifia – Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis filosofiis
287
fakultetis ufrosi mecnieri TanamSromeli;
Tornike fifia – saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis metalur-
giis institutis inJiner-fizikosi;
irakli qadagiSvili – erovnul-demokratiuli partiis Tavmj-
domaris moadgile;
lana RoRoberiZe – kinoreJisori, filologiur mecnierebaTa
kandidati;
revaz SaviSvili – geofizikis institutis ufrosi mecnieri Ta-
namSromeli, fizika-maTematikur mecnierebaTa kandidati, ”demokra-
tiuli arCevani saqarTvelosaTvis” Tavmjdomare;
luiza SakiaSvili – tele-radio departamentis reJisori;
Teimuraz SaSiaSvili- droebiT umuSevari;
givi Sahnazari – mweralTa kavSiris mTavari mTargmnelobiTi
centr ”xomlis” ufrosi mecnieri redaqtori
giorgi Sengelaia – kinoreJisori;
eldar Sengelaia – kinematografistTa kavSiris Tavmjdomare,
kinoreJisori;
jansuR Carkviani – Jurnal ”droSis” mTavari redaqtori;
Tamar CxeiZe – saqarTvelos saxelmwifo arqivis mecnieri TanamS-
romeli, ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis gamgeobis wevri;
vaxtang ZabiraZe – respublikuri partiis Tavmjdomare;
niko WavWavaZe – filosofiis institutis direqtori, filoso-
fiis mecnierebaTa akademiis wevr-korespodenti, doqtori, profe-
sori, ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis gamgeobis wevri;
giorgi xaindrava – kinooperatori, SezRuduli pasuxismgeblo-
bis sazogadoeba ”tms”-is samxatvro xelmZRvaneli;
ivliane xaindrava – erToblivi sawarmoo ”unifarmis” ganyo-
filebis gamge, respublikuri partiis Tavmjdomaris moadgile;
vaxtang xmalaZe – centraluri saarCevno kimisiis Tavmjdomaris
moadgile, fizika-maTematikur mecnierebaTa kandidati, ”demokra-
tiuli arCevani saqarTvelosaTvis” Tavmjdomaris moadgile
aleqsandre javaxiSvili – s. janaSias saxelobis muzeumis dire-
qciis mrCeveli, istoriul mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori,
mecnierebaTa akademiis wevr-korespodenti;
Tamaz janeliZe – kavkasiis mineraluri nedleulis institutis
direqtori, geologiur mecnierebaTa doqtori;
288
avTandil silagaZe – kontrolis palatis Tavmjdomare;
rusudan beriZe;
akaki boboxiZe – respublikuri partiis wevri;
Tamaz diasamiZe – aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi
sabWos deputati, respublikuri partiis wevri;
valerian vaSakiZe;
olRa Tedeeva;
zurab kiknaZe;
ramaz klimiaSvili;
giorgi kobaxiZe – erovnul– demokratiuli partiis wevri;
ada marSania – respublikuri partiis wevri;
irakli melaSvili – `qartia – 91– is~ wevri;
ruslan miqaberiZe;
daviT turaSvili;
ruslan RonRaZe – erovnuli fronti– radikaluri kavSiris
wevri;
revaz CxeiZe – kinokorporaciis prezidenti;
grigol (goCa) jojua – monarqistul– konservatiuli partiis
wevri;
nona kenWuaSvili – `RvTisSvilTa~ kavSiris Tanaprezidenti;
aleqsandre beriZe – omis veteranTa sabWos Tavmjdomaris
pirveli moadgile;
ivane (mamuka) giorgaZe – erovnul– demokratiuli partiis we-
vri, erovnuli kongresis wevri;
demur dvaliSvili – `mrewvmSenbankis~ Tavmjdomaris moadgi-
le;
grigol (giga) lorTqifaniZe – Teatris moRvaweTa kavSiris
Tavmjdomare;
meri markozia – erovnuli damoukideblobis partiis wevri,
erovnuli kongresis wevri;
roman miminoSvili – ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis wevri;
gia JorJoliani;
vaxtang talaxaZe – erovnul– demokratiuli partiis wevri;
irakli tuRuSi – damoukidebeli profesiuli kavSirebiskon-
federaciis Tavmjdomare;
vano xuxunaiSvili – erovnul– demokratiuli partiis wevri;
289
dimitri Citlovi – uzenaesi sasamarTlos wevri;
Tengiz asaniZe – aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi sa-
bWos prezidiumis wevri;
Tamaz tunaZe – aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi sa-
Temur CoqaZe – aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi sa-
irakli andriaZe – saxelmwifos sabWos saqmeTa mmarTveli.
(sia Sedgenilia `saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos
normatiuli aqtebis krebulis~ I da II tomebis mixedviT. redaqto-
ri daviT usufaSvili. 1995 w.)
saqarTvelos respublikis samxedro sabWos dadgenileba

saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Seqmnisa da
samxedro sabWos uflebamosilebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos respublikis xelisuflebis umaRlesi warmomad-
genlobiTi organos arCevamde, saxelmwifo xelisuflebis ganxor-
cielebis, samoqalaqo Tanxmobisa da politikuri stabilurobis
uzrunvelyofis, ekonomiuri reformebis qmediTobisa da maTi
uswrafesi ganxorcielebis, marTlwesrigisa da kanonierebis gan-
mtkicebis mizniT samxedro sabWo adgens:
1. saqarTvelos respublikis xelisuflebis umaRlesi warmomad-
genlobiTi organos arCevamde kanonSemoqmedebiTi, ganmkargulebe-
li da makontrolebeli funqciebis ganxorcielebis mizniT Seiqm-
nas saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWo.
2. saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos Semadgenloba
ganisazRvros saqarTvelos respublikis droebiT mTavrobasTan
arsebuli politikuri sakonsultacio sabWos wevrebis, sazoga-
doebriobis, afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis, aWaris avtono-
miuri respublikisa da erovnuli umciresobebis warmomadgenlo-
bis gaTvaliswinebiT.
3. gamoqveyndes saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos
Semadgenloba.
4. saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos SeqmnasTan da-
kavSirebiT gauqmdes saqarTvelos respublikis samxedro sabWos
uflebamosileba.
saqarTvelos respublikis samxedro sabWo
Tengiz kitovani; jaba ioseliani
Tbilisi. 10 marti 1992 weli.
290
***
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos dadgenileba
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos xelmZRvane-
lobis Sesaxeb.
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWo adgens:

1. damtkicdes eduard SevardnaZe saqarTvelos respublikis sa-
xelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomared.
2. damtkicdes jaba ioseliani saqarTvelos respublikis saxel-
mwifo sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgiled.
3. Seiqmnas saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos prezi-
diumi Semdegi SemadgenlobiT: jaba ioseliani, Tengiz kitovani,
Tengiz sigua, eduard SevardnaZe
saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo sabWo

Tbilisi. 10 marti 1992 weli.
gazeTi ‘’ Свободная Грузия‘’

12 marti 1992 weli, 35 (295) .
291
xuntis parlamentarebi (1992-1995 w.w.)
1. abaSiZe aslan 34. boboxiZe akaki

2. abalaki givi 35. bregaZe akaki
3. abesaZe inguSa 36. buaCiZe Tengizi
4. abulaZe Tengizi 37. buzalaZe vasili
5. adamia vaJa 38. gabaSvili konstantine
6. adamia revazi 39. gazdeliani Tengizi
7. adamia jemali 40. gamyreliZe Tamazi
8. advaZe valeriani 41. gaCeCilaZe giorgi
9. alexsaniani ferdinandi 42. gelaZe avTandili
10. amirejibi mzeWabuki (Wabua) 43. gelaZe vaJa
11. andriaZe zurabi 44. gelovani Tengizi
12. andriaZe irakli 45. gewaZe gurami
13. arvelaZe taxiri 46. gvazava elguja
14. asaTiani akaki 47. gverdwiTeli mixeili
15. asaTiani valeriani 48. gigineiSvili manana
16. asaTiani vaxtangi 49. giorgaZe ivane (mamuka)
17. axmeteli giorgi (cezari) 50. giorgaZe nodari
18. ajiaSvili simoni (jemali) 51. giorgaZe panteleimoni
19. balaSvili vladimeri 52. gogia zurabi
20. baliaSvili ivane 53. goguaZe vaxtangi
21. baramiZe giorgi 54. goderZiSvili gela
22. baramiZe malxazi 55. gonaSvili nikolozi
23. basilia Teimurazi 56. gorgoZe jemali
24. baSaleiSvili daviTi 57. gociriZe vasili
25. baxtaZe demuri 58. gugunava aleqsandre
26. begiaSvili vaxtangi 59. gociriZe romani
27. berianiZe Salva 60. gulua bakuri
28. beriSvili gurami 61. devdariani nana
29. beriZe aleqsandre 62. dvaliSvili malxazi
30. beriZe konstantine 63. diasamiZe Tamazi
31. beriZe rusudani 64. dixaminjia Tengizi
32. beriZe jemali 65. doliZe rostomi
33. berZeniSvili daviTi 66. dolmazaSvili avTandili
292
67. eloSvili omari 104. koberiZe nugzari
68. enuqiZe zaza 105. kovziriZe daviTi
69. vardosaniZe levani 106. kozmaniSvili apoloni
70. vaSakiZe valeriani 107. kopaleiSvili Teimurazi
71. velijanaSvili goderZi 108. korZaZe gaiozi
72. vefxvaZe nodari 109. koRuaSvili paata
73. zankaliani murTazi 110. koxia oTari
74. zukbaia oTari 111. koxreiZe nodari
75. zumbaZe giorgi 112. kuprava rauli
76. TavarTqilaZe anzori 113. kupreiSvili daviTi
77. Tirqia ledi 114. kurtaniZe jumberi
78. TumaniSvili grigoli 115. y(k)olbaia vaxtangi
79. iakobiZe vaJa 116. lekiSvili nikolozi
80. injia daviTi 117. liTaniSvili oTari
81. ioramaSvili givi 118. liparteliani roini
82. ioseliani arCili 119. lobJaniZe givi
83. ioseliani jaba 120. lolaZe andro
84. kavsaZe aleqsandre 121. lominaZe givi
85. kakubava borisi 122. lomsaZe borisi
86. kakiaSvili nugzari 123. lorTqifaniZe grigoli
87. kalandaZe Tengizi (giga)
88. kalandia geno 124. lorTqifaniZe roza
89. kalaZe robinzoni 125. lorTqifaniZe viqtori
90. kaxaZe kaxaberi 126. mamalaZe levani
91. kekelia Salva 127. mamraZe petre
92. kenWuaSvili nana 128. mamulia gurami
93. kvanWilaSvili malxazi 129. manZulaSvili mixeili
94. kvaracxelia valeri 130. margiani avTandili
95. kvaWaZe nugzari 131. marSania ada
96. kikabiZe koba 132. maxaldiani soso
97. kiknaZe giorgi 133. mgeliaSvili Teimurazi
98. kilaZe anzori 134. mdinaraZe Temuri
99. kirTaZe nestani 135. meguTniSvili soso
100. kitovani Tengizi 136. melaSvili irakli
101. kobaiZe aleqsi 137. melia romani
102. kobaxiZe giorgi 138. meliqiSvili daviTi
103. koberiZe gela 139. melqaZe zurabi
293
140. melqaZe oTari 177. sayvareliZe fridoni
141. mesxi levani 178. sajaia jemali
142. metreveli merabi 179. sigua Tengizi
143. miminoSvili romani 180. sixaruliZe zaza
144. mixanaSvili nugzari 181. snxCiani zora
145. murvaniZe zurabi 182. sumbaTaSvili Teimurazi
146. museliani vaxtangi 183. sxirtlaZe rostomi
147. muCaiZe gurami 184. takiZe amirani
148. mWedliZe mixeili 185. talaxaZe vaxtangi
149. nadaraia amirani 186. tyebuCava avTandili
150. nadaraia nugzari 187. uridia merabi
151. nadareiSvili Tamazi 188. ustiaSvili gurami
152. naTaZe nodari 189. faRava aslani
153. naTelaSvili Salva 190. faCuaSvili besarioni
154. nakaSiZe badri 191. facacia germane
155. naneiSvili mixeili 192. facacia oTari
156. nikolaiSvili gela 193. fenderava arnoldi
157. noRaideli zurabi 194. fruiZe levani
158. obgaZe Tamazi 195. fifia Tornike
159. oTaraSvili vaJa 196. qadagiZe daviTi
160. omaniZe murmani 197. qadagiSvili irakli
161. orjonikiZe iza 198. qarcivaZe nodari
162. paataSvili Tedo 199. qaSakaSvili amirani
163. paiWaZe daviTi 200. qajaia merabi
164. patiaSvili jumberi 201. qvelaZe zurabi
165. Jvania zurabi 202. qvliviZe gela
166. JorJoliani giorgi 203. RaribaSvili qarTlosi
167. JorJoliani Teimurazi 204. RoRoberiZe lana
168. JRenti mamuli 205. yoranaSvili gurami
169. rivkini marki 206. SaviSvili revazi
170. rogava gaiozi 207. SaiSmelaSvili giorgi
171. ruxaZe sergo 208. SakiaSvili luiza
172. rCeuliSvili vaxtangi 209. Sartava Jiuli
173. salia konstantine 210. SaSiaSvili Teimurazi
174. sanadiraZe gurami 211. SevardnaZe eduardi
175. sariSvili-Wanturia irina 212. Sengelaia eldari
176. sayvareliZe ramazi 213. Selia gurami
294
214. Sengelaia irakli 239. WavWavaZe nikolozi
215. Sengelia zurabi 240. Wanturia valeri
216. civaZe daviTi 241. WeiSvili revazi
217. cindeliani lia 242. WeliZe daviTi
218. cincaZe Tamazi 243. WeliZe iveri
219. ciciSvili jimSeri 244. WinWarauli giorgi
220. cixelaSvili tarieli 245. xavTasi gia
221. cixisTavi gia 246. xaindrava ivliane
222. cucxvaSvili gia 247. xaratiSvili iosebi
223. CakvetaZe murTazi 248. xaWapuriZe vaJa
224. Carkviani jansuRi 249. xvedeliZe givi
225. Carqseliani anzori 250. xidaSeli giorgi
226. CaxvaZe gurami 251. xizaniSvili ramazi
227. Citlovi dimitri 252. xmalaZe vaxtangi
228. CxeiZe Tamari 253. xomeriki vasili
229. CxeiZe paata 254. xurciZe beJani
230. Cxenkeli mixeili 255. xuciSvili omari
231. ZabiraZe vaxtangi 256. xuxunaiSvili vano
232. ZagniZe SoTa 257. jibuti mixeili
233. wereTeli zurabi 258. jafariZe revazi
234. wereTeli irakli 259. jeiranaSvili niazi
235. wiTlanaZe giorgi 260. jiblaZe aleqsandre
236. wiklauri mevludi 261. jiqia aleqsandre
237. wowonava anzori 262. jojua grigoli
238. wulaia giorgi
295
samxedro gadatrialebis Sedegad Seqmnili T. siguas
mTavrobis politikuri „sakonsultacio sabWos“ sia
vaJa adamia, giorgi maisuraZe,

levan aleqsiZe, nodar naTaZe,
merab aleqsiZe, mixeil naneiSvili,
akaki asaTiani, Tedo niniZe,
irakli baTiaSvili, Tedo paataSvili,
akaki baqraZe, zurab Jvania,
daviT berZeniSvili, Teimuraz JorJoliani,
konstantine gabaSvili, Teimuraz fifia,
Tamaz gamyreliZe, revaz SaviSvili,
guram gegeSiZe, Teimuraz SaSiaSvili,
arCil gogelia, giorgi Sengelaia,
roman gociriZe, eldar Sengelaia,
guram TevzaZe, irakli Sengelia,
jaba ioseliani, Tamar CxeiZe,
aleqsandre kavsaZe, irakli wereTeli,
Tamaz kvaWantiraZe, giorgi Wanturia,
Tengiz kitovani, giorgi xaindrava,
daviT kupreiSvili, ivliane xaindrava,
nodar lomouri, Tamaz janeliZe.
296
didubis panTeonidan jaba ioselianis
amoTxris mcdeloba
`kriminaluri inteligenciis~ tipiuri saxe da erovnuli xeli-

suflebis winaaRmdeg samxedro gadatrialebis erT-erTi organiza-
tori jaba ioseliani, 77 wlis asakSi, 2003 wlis 4 marts insultiT
gardaicvala. xuntis meTaurma eduard SvardnaZem da saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqma ilia II, jabas, didubis panTeonSi miuCines
samudamo gansasvenebeli. qarTveli eris Rirseuli umravlesoba
imTaviTve ukmayofilod Sexvda xuntis xelisuflebisa da sapa-
triarqos umarTebulo gadawyvetilebas, xolo erovnulma moZrao-
bam mravaljeradi mitingebiT gaaprotesta istoriuli samarT-
lianobis gamrudebis morigi aqti. erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraoba arasodes Seguebia jaba ioselianis didubis panTeonSi
dakrZalvis pativs da postSevardnaZistul xelisuflebaSic ag-
zavnida peticiebs misi panTeonidan gadasvenebis moTxovniT.
2012 wlis 6 ianvars ki, niSandobliv TariRs da niSandobliv
dros (6 ianvrs, alionze) jaba ioselianis saflavis amoTxris
imitacia moxda, rac eris samarTliani protestis kidev erTi ga-
movlineba gaxldaT. j. ioselianis saflavis àmomTxreli,~ germa-
niidan sagangebod Camosuli emigranti mixeil jafariZe aRmoCnda.
mixeil jafariZem, ramodenime dRis skandaluri miTqma-moTqmis
Semdgom, Tavad gaavrcela aRiarebiTi videomimarTva (2012 w. 15
ianvari), riTac daadastura, rom swored am mizniT Camovida igi
germaniidan, raTa sazogadoebaSi gaeRvivebina protestis muxti
jaba ioselianis panTeonSi gansvenebis winaaRmdeg, ris niSnadac
savele bariT moCiCqna saflavi, xolo saflavis qvaze daalaga
1991-92 wlebis samxedro gadatrialebisa da sisxliani xelebis am-
saxveli fotomasalebi.
mixeil jafariZisave organizebiT internetSi Sedga sainicia-
tivo jgufic saxelwodebiT: `gadavasvenoT jaba ioseliani.~ am
moTxovniT Segrovda didZali xelmowerebi, rac Setanil iqna mTa-
vrobis Sesabamis instanciebSi. kulturis ministrma nika ruruam,
romelic Tavis ZmasTan erTad yofili `mxedrioneli~ gaxldaT,
rogorc mosalodneli iyo, jabas gadasvenebis aqtivistebi sakre-
buloSi gadaamisamarTa, sakrebulom – meriaSi, sadac `dakonserv-
da~.
297
jabas amoTxris mcdelobam `mxedrionelebis~ guliswyroma ga-
moiwvia da ramdenime kviris ganmavlobaSi sadReRamiso morigeobac
ki daaweses mis saflavTan dodo gugeSaSvilis gankargulebiT.
mas Semdeg, sxva pirovnebebmac araerTxel scades jabas di-
dubis panTeonidan gadasveneba; axalgazrda reJisorma da Jurna-
listma zaza svanaZem, 2013 wels orjer gamoxata protesti jabas
saflavze avtomatis dadebiTa da sisxliani xelebis gamosaxviT,
riTac Seecada mieqcia mTavrobis yuradReba.
2017 wlis 7 seqtembers, ucnobma pirebma, jabas saflavze dato-
ves warwera: `gadamasveneT!!!~
298
299
kvlav yalbismqnelebis Sesaxeb
Facebook-ze araerTxel da-

vdevi lakonuri gancxadeba
internetSi arsebuli prezi-
dent zviad gamsaxurdias e. w.
gverdebis Sesaxeb, romelic
ekuTvnis besarion guguSvils.
amasTan dakavSirebuli yoveli
Cemi gancxadeba waSlili iqna
Cemi gverdidan besarion guguS-
vilis mier, romelic saamisod
kargad flobs uSiSroebis te-
qnologiebs.
amitom iZulebuli var gan-
meorebiT gagafrTxiloT, rom
garda erTi gverdisa zviad gam-
saxurdiasi (romelic ekuTvnis
prezidentis qvrivs q-n manana arCvaZes) yvela aris yalbi da an-
tizviadisturi!
megobrebo, internet sivrceSi Seqmnilia 10-mde gverdi, viTomc-
da zviad gamsaxurdiasi, romelic Tavad prezident zviad gamsax-
urdias kompromentirebas emsaxureba. Cveni varaudiT am gverdis
Semqmnelia fineTSi emigrirebuli, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
mkvlelobis SeTqmulebaSi monawile besarion guguSvili. zogier-
Ti gauTviTcnobierebeli patrioti, zviadis saxelis gamo, iwonebs
am gverds, romelic realurad antizviadisturia.
mogiwodebT gaauqmoT Tqveni uneblie mowonebebi msgavs gver-
debze!
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Zviad-Gamsakhurdia-zviad-konstan-
tines-Ze-gamsaxurdia
300
wignis avtorisagan
SesaZloa mavans, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis Cemeu-
li Sefasebis obieqturobasTan dakavSirebiT, gauCndes azri, rom me, ro-
gorc misi ukanaskneli periodis TanamebrZoli(1986-90w.w.), ara var Tavis-
ufali subieqtivizmisagan. miTumetes, Cems oponentebSi arsebobs mcdari
warmodgena imis Sesaxeb, rom me, TiTqos zviad gamsaxurdias erovnul
xelisuflebis romeliRac struqturaSi vmsaxurobdi; SevardnaZis par-
lamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitetis Tavmjdomaris elene Te-
vdoraZis mier 1997 wels, Cems politpatimrobasTan dakavSirebiT gakeT-
da xmamaRali gancxadeba, rom me orTaWalis gmirTa memorialze wavawere:
„Cven davbrundebiT!“
patimrobidan gaTavisuflebis Semdgom me davureke qalbaton elene
TevdoraZes da vkiTxe, Tu raze gaakeTa man miniSneba Tavis gancxadebaSi,
razec uyoymanod mipasuxa, rom Tqven apirebdiT xelisuflebaSi dabrune-
baso. qalbaton elenes ganvumarte, rom me ar vyofilvar erovnuli xe-
lisuflebis arcerT rgolSi (arc sakrebulos, arc uzenaesi sabWos, arc
mTavrobis da arc romelime administraciul struqturaSi)-meTqi. „maS,
ras gvebrZvio“?! – friad gakvirvebulma Semomibruna kiTxva.
xolo, saxelmwifo universitetis partkomma, batonma Temur xuroZem,
rodesac uzenaesi sabWos deputatTa siebi gamoqveynda gazeT „saqarTve-
los respublikaSi“, Tsu-s derefanSi Sexvedrisas mkiTxa: „Tqven gamorCe-
nili xarT siidan?“ razec gulwrfelad vupasuxe, rom „me xelisuflebaSi
mosasvlelad ki ara, Cemi samSoblos damoukideblobisaTvis vibrZodi mx-
olod da mas zviad gamsaxurdia gamoacxadebs-meTqi“.
da me, zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis mosvlisTanave, up-
retenziod gavdeqi ganze da CrdilSi ganvmartovdi.
iyo mcdelobebi, Cemi erTguleba zviadisadmi pirovnuli simpatiebi-
Tac aexsnaT da gazeT „aliasa“ da „axal TaobaSic“ liriuli Woric ki daw-
eres; Seiqmna mxatvrul-dokumenturi romanic didi mwerlis batoni oTar
CxeiZeis wignisa „bermudis samkuTxedi“, romelSic iumoristul stilSi
pasaJebad krTis amgvari moaruli qalaquri „ambebi“.
Cemi urTierToba, zviadTanac da merabTanac mxolod ideuri faseule-
bebiTa da Rirebulebebisadmi erTgulebiT iyo gamsWvaluli da es titane-
bi, Cems gulSi dRemde darCnen srulqmnil raindebad.
Cemi guliswadili iyo, damewera piruTvneli simarTle, Cemi epoqis
uaxles istoriaze da Tu ramdenad obieqturad avsaxe igi, mkiTxvelma
gansajos, Tumca ki moveli, rom subieqturi mkiTxvelis samsjavroc, Cems
mimarT, iqneba ulmobeli...
am mZime da tragikuli uaxlesi istoriis werisas, erTob Zneli aR-
moCnda CemTvis, bibliuri Segonebis gaTaviseba: „ara amxilo ukeTurni,
raTa ara mogiZulon Sen, aramed – brZenni“.
me ki amgvari gulsavse grZnobiT gavasrule Cemi naSromi: „vinc miyvars,
mas vamxileb...“ (gamocx. ioane RvTismetyvelisa, Tavi mesame).
Sendobas vTxov yvelas, rameTu mZime iyo xvedri Cemic...
301
pu b l i c i st ik a
arqividan – daubeWdavi
neostalinelebi
9 aprilis vandaluri aqti, Tavisi sisatikiT, warmoadgens neo-

stalinizms saqarTveloSi. im stalinizms, romelsac, TiTqos, ase
aRSfoTebiT gmobs sabWoTa ruseTi, magram, rogorc davrwmundiT,
gmobs sityvierad, xolo saqmiT ki kvlav aprobirebuli praqtikiT
mimarTavs stalinur represiebs. xolo, iotisodena danaSaulsac
ar grZnobs Cadenili borotmoqmedebis mimarT. am gancxadebis
safuZvels maZlevs is faqti, rom jerjerobiT, arc erT ofi-
cialur pirs (Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT farisevlur wuxils)
monaniebiT ar uRiarebia Tavisi danaSaulebrivi wvlili 9 aprilis
tragediaSi. arc batoni gorbaCovis mimarTva „saqarTvelos komu-
nistebisadmi da yvela mSromelebisadmi“ Seicavs amgvar TviTkri-
tikas, aramed, piriqiT...
Cven, xangrZlivi istoriuli periodis manZilze danaSaulebriv
saxelmwifoSi gvixdeboda Tanacxovreba. dRes, kompartiis lider-
ebi, msoflios winaSe, TiTqos eswrafvian samarTlebrivi saxelm-
wifos Seqmnas, magram 9 aprilis tragedia, verafriT iqneba amis
dasturi.
sabWoTa xalxma, muxanaTuri TavdasxmisaTvis faSistebi uwoda
germanelebs (kacobriobis maSindel mtrebs). dRes ki Cven, muxa-
naTurad (winaswari gafrTxilebis gareSe) alyaSi mogvaqcia da Tavs
dagvesxa Cveni „ufrosi Zmis“ – ruseTis wiTeli armia. msoflioSi
am uprecendento faqts, saerTaSoriso masStabiT unda mieces sa-
Tanado kvalifikacia da vimedovnebT, rom aucileblad miecema.
samocdaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi, sabWoTa adamianebs urcxvad
arwmunebdnen, rom „Cven yvelaze humanur da yvelaze samarTlian
saxelmwifoSi vcxovrobT“. gacvda tyuili da gawamda suli to-
talitarizmis wnexis qveS. moTminebis fiala aivso. usamarTlobis
grZnobiT dasnebovnebul gulze kvlav uRvTod gvabijeben fexs,
sulSi gvafurTxeben – gvabraleben agresiul qmedebebs da ukeTur
zraxvebs. Cveni brZolis gza ki mxolod mSvidobiania, xolo mizani
ki samarTliani – warmovadgendeT damoukidebel da Tavisufal ers.
304
Cven gvafiqrebs identoba baton gorbaCovisa da baton patiaS-
vilis Cvendami wayenebuli braldebebisa, romlebic „antisabWour“
lozungebad asaxeleben Cvens mier „saqarTvelos damoukideblo-
bis“ konstituciur moTxovnas. Cven ar gavkadnierdebiT da ar vTx-
ovT maT Caixedon konstituciaSi da kanonTa krebulebSi, magram
friad gaocebulni ki vkiTxulobT: ki magram, kanonebi? konstitu-
cia? maS, antisabWouri yofila mTeli konstitucia.
amgvarma umarTebulo braldebebis rigma kidev erTxel dagvar-
wmuna, rom sabWoeTSi calke dgas konstitucia da calke xalxi,
warTmeuli uflebebiT, rom arsebuli konstitucia sazRvargare-
TisaTvis saCvenebeli konstituciaa da Cven ki (moqalaqeebs) ufle-
bebi ara gvaqvs masze.
yovelive amis Semdeg, rac Cveni kanonieri moTxovnebis gamo,
Tavs dagvatexes momxvdurebma, Cven aRar gvwams „gardaqmnisa da
demokratiis“. CvenTvis es sityvebi dRes ukve sazarel siyalbed
da gamaRizianebel faqtorad iqca. Cven ver viwamebT gardaqmna-
sa da demokratias manam, sanam sruli saxiT ar iqneba aRdgenili
simarTle, sanam, ganurCevlad rangisa da Tanamdebobisa, sakadrisi
ar miezRveba mkvlelebs.
batonma givi gumbariZem, ama wlis 22 aprils gamarTul Tbili-
sis saqalaqo komitetis TaTbirze aRiara Tavisi wvlili 9 aprils
sagangebo wesebis SemoRebis sakiTxSi, risi gadawyvetilebac miiRo
centraluri komitetis 8 aprilis partiuli aqtivis krebam, rom-
lis muSaobaSic, 16 wevridan, batoni givi gumbariZec iRebda monaw-
ileobas. marTalia batoni givi brZanebs, rom „piradad CemTvisac,
konkretulad ar iyo cnobili am RonisZiebis konkretuli gaxor-
cielebis gegma, dro, formebi da saSualebebio“ (gaz. „Tbilisi“,
1989 w. 25 aprili), magram migvaCnia, rom aseTi gancxadeba mas ar
uxsnis pasuxismgeblobas momxdar danaSaulze. ufro metic: ze-
momotanili gancxadebis siyalbe daadastura baton patiaSvilis
gamosvlam deputatTa pirvel yrilobaze, sadac man Tqva, rom „...
imave Svid aprils respublikis saxelmwifo uSiSroebis komitetis
yofilma Tavmjdomarem gumbariZem Sematyobina, rom esaubra cen-
trs da TbilisSi Camodis saxelmwifo uSiSroebis komitetis jar-
ebis razmi“.
baton givi gumbariZis sityvebis mTeli siyalbe daadastura,
agreTve, avadsaxsenebelma rodionovmac imave yrilobaze: „am mov-
305
lenebis dros ki amxanag gumbariZes ekava saqarTvelos saxelmwifo
uSiSroebis komitetis Tavmjdomaris posti da iyo centraluri
komitetis biuros wevri. maS, visTan unda imuSao, vin ityvis aq
simarTles? yofili xelmZRvanelebi duman, axlebma yvelaferze
uari Tqves...“ (gaz. „komunisti“, 1 ivnisi, 1989 w.).
sakvirvelia, rom kvlav grZeldeba yalbi ritorika mimdinare
movlenebze. politbiurom mouwona da komunistur Rirsebad Cau-
Tvala baton patiaSvils gadadgomis gadawyvetileba, roca igi
TviTon ar misula am aucilebel gadawyvetilebamde, aramed igi
aiZules gadamdgariyo; mas mosTxoves gadadgoma saqarTvelos in-
teligenciam, qarTvelma deputatebma da qarTvelma sazogadoe-
briobam, studentobam. TviT batonma patiaSvilma ki, akademiaSi
Sexvedris dros, am dramatul (gadadgomis) gadawyvetilebasTan
dakavSirebiT (ar eTmoboda ra savarZeli) sinanuliT aRniSna: „me
mivdivar maSin, roca vgrZnob, rom raRacis gakeTeba SemiZliao“,
maSin roca mas 4 wlis ganmavlobaSi sruli SesaZlebloba hqonda
saqmiT daemtkicebina Tavisi eris siyvaruli, humanizmi da patri-
otizmi. batoni patiaSvilis sityvebi da xalxis logikuri moTx-
ovnac moismina batonma SevardnaZem, magram man mainc, ratomRac
aseTi ritorikuli komentari gaukeTa am faqts: „sabWoTa mTavro-
bis istoriaSi TiTqmis ar arsebobs gadadgomis faqti“. man amgvari
nabiji Rirsebad CauTvala patiaSvils, romelsac Tavis danaSau-
lebriv wvlilze monaniebac ar gamouTqvams, aramed man ganacxada:
„me Cemi sindisis winaSe marTali varo“, raSic, cxadia, partiul
sindiss gulisxmobda da ara, moralur-zneobrivs.
vkiTxulobT centralur presas, vusmenT „vremias“, oficialur
pirTa gamosvlebs da samarTlianobis aRdgenis, WeSmaritebis dad-
genis yovelgvari imedi gvekargeba. cilismwamebluri braldebebiT
da urcxvi intrigiT kvlav da kvlav cdiloben Cadenili borotmo-
qmedebebis gamarTlebas. TavianTi ukeTuri miznis misaRwevad, ras
ar gvabraleben: antisabWour lozungebs, antirusul ganwyobebs,
erovnebaTaSoris SuRlis Tesvas da patriarqis Cvens mier fizikur
Seuracxyofasac.
piriqiT ki iyo: roca agresorebma momitingeebs Soris dainaxes
patriarqi, erT-erTma meTaurTaganma jariskacebs brZanebiT Seu-
Zaxa: „ei, pop, beite ego!“ ris Semdegac jariskacebi patriarqisken
daiZrnen. patriarqis gayvana qarTvelma milicielebma moaswres.
306
amis TviTmxilveli da gamgonec Tavad gaxlavarT da sxva Semswren-
ic hyvebian.
rac Seexeba patriarqis mowodebas daSlis Taobaze, patriarq-
ma sityvis dasawyisSive brZana: „me mTavrobas ar gamovugzavnivar,
aramed Cemma mRvdlebma Sematyobines, rom qalaqSi ukve Semosulia
jari da yovel wuTs mosalodnelia maTi aq Semosvla da mogi-
wodebT gadavinacvloT qaSueTisa da sionis eklesiebSi“, razec pa-
triarqma miiRo qarTveli eris erTxmiani da erTsulovani pasuxi:
„ara!“ da es, aramc da aramc ar iyo qarTveli eris upativcemulo-
bis gamovlineba Tavisi sulieri mamisadmi, aramed iq, im dros iseTi
amaRlebuli ganwyoba sufevda, rom TviT romelime liderTagans,
Tundac gamsaxurdiasa da kostavas, rom moewodebina TviTdaSli-
saken, xalxi, arc amgvar mowodebas miiRebda da ar daiSleboda.
qarTveli eris imRamindeli erTsulovneba da sulieri simt-
kice, uTuod igrZno patriarqma, romelsac Turme gamoZaxili upo-
via mis wirvaSi, romelic mas meore dRes sionis taZarSi Cautare-
bia. me, samwuxarod, ar SemeZlo meore dRes eklesiaSi wavsuliyavi,
radgan fizikurad nacemi da sulierad ganadgurebul-nagvemi us-
asood vegde sawolSi. patriarqs ki uTqvams Semdegi: „qarTveli
eri iseTi amaRlebuli ar iqneboda Cems TvalSi, rogoric dRes
aris, Cems mowodebaze rom daSliliyovo“ da rwmeniT dauZenia,
rom aseTi sulmtkice eri Rirsia Tavisuflebisao.
me ar vici, simarTlis ramden marcvals Seicavs es monayoli,
magram vfiqrob, patriarqma aucileblad unda misces ganmarte-
ba presasa da televizias mis irgvliv agorebul tyuil-marTal-
ze. agreTve, erTi specialuri gadacema unda moewyos sakavSiro
televiziisTvisac. sakavSiro presa da oficialuri pirni ewevian
politikur spekulacias saqarTvelos patriarqis saxeliT, patri-
arqi amis saWiroebas, albaT TviTonac grZnobs da umorCilesad
vTxovT mas, Tu marTalia, daadasturos sionis faqtic.
jariskacebi, ra Tqma unda, brZanebisamebr moqmedebdnen, roca
orlesul barebs, gazebsa da momwamvlel qimiur nivTierebebs
iyenebdnen Cvens winaaRmdeg, magram vin STaagona maT is sityvebi,
risi TanxlebiTac gviswordebodnen? rogor erTbaSad daimsaxvra
Cveni rwmena „samarTlian“ da „mSvidobian“ sabWoTa armiaze, rom-
lis nawilsac Cveni qarTveli jariskacebic Seadgenen. axla ki isi-
ni Cvens Tvalwin warmoCindnen, rogorc Seuwynarebeli mkvlele-
307
bi, rogorc agresorebi. sxva epiTets maT ver Sevufardeb, roca,
Turme, erTi fexmZime qali (albaT, eliso WipaSvili) evedreboda
maT „fexmZime var, nu momklavT“-o, jariskacebma ufro gaavebiT
dauwyes Cexva cinikuri SeZaxilebiT: „ax, beremena? vot tebe bere-
mena! vot...!“
satelevizio gadacema „moambeSi“ mowveulma Cvenma iuristeb-
ma gamyreliZem da liluaSvilma ganmartes, rom rogorc jarebis
ufross ara aqvs ukanono brZanebebis gacemis ufleba, aseve, arc
jariskacebs aqvT amgvari ukanono brZanebebis aRsrulebis ufle-
bao da mocemul SemTxvevaSi orive mxare erTnairad isjeba, ro-
gorc sisxlis samarTlis damnaSavenio.
Cveni saxelmwifo erTaderTi paradoqsaluri saxelmwifoa, sad-
ac ragindara juris damnaSaveebs garantirebuli aqvT Tavisufle-
ba, xolo udanaSaulo adamianebi cixis bnel da nestian dilegebSi
itanjebian.
dRemde ver mivmxdarvar, raSi mdgomareobs zviad gamsaxurdias,
merab kostavas, gia Wanturaisa da irakli wereTlis danaSauli,
roca mkvlelebi kvlav Tavisuflebi arian da Tanamdebobebzec
sxedan? roca am liderTa mTeli „danaSauli“ mxolod is aris, rom
maTac iwames ybadaRebuli gardaqmnisa da demokratiis, daijeres,
rom „gardaqmnili“ mTavroba orlesul niCbebs ar aRmarTavda mS-
vidobiani demonstraciis dasaSlelad.
yalbia maT winaaRmdeg wayenebuli braldeba „sazogadoebrivi
wesrigis darRvevis“ Taobaze, radgan sazogadoebrivi wesrigi maT
ar daurRveviaT da arc SeeZloT daerRviaT, im ubralo mizezis
gamo, rom isini mitings warmarTavdnen mTavrobis saxlis maRlivi
safexurebidan, xolo transportisa da moqalaqeebis saval gzasa
da trotuarebze videqiT Cven, aTasobiT adamiani, romlebic saku-
Tari nebiT mivediT iq. xolo, liderebi ki, pirvel dReebSi, xmis
CaxleCamde mogviwodebdnen – ar gadagveketa satransporto gza.
Semdgom dReebSi am mowodebam azri dakarga, momitingeebis mozR-
vavebis gamo.
amgvarad, „sazogadoebrivi wesrigis damrRvevebad“ unda CaviT-
valoT Cven, xalxi da ara, araformalur organizaciaTa lidere-
bi. Tumca jer, rogorc iuwyebian, mimdinareobs gamoZieba da maTi
es braldeba damtkicebuli ar aris da SesaZloa moexsnaT kidec.
sakiTxavia: ratom ar aris winaswar patimrobaSi ayvanili Tundac
308
erTi Tanamdebobis piri, maSin roca maTi danaSaulobani saxezea
da TiTqmis faqtadaa cnobili?
sazogadoebriobisaTvis cnobili gaxda 5 maisis qalTa mitingis
Sesaxeb. es gaxldaT pirveli masobrivi qalTa mRelvare manifesta-
cia. mariam RvTismSoblis wilxvedroba, odiTganve did misias
akisrebda saqarTvelos qalebs da maTac Rirseulad utvirTiaT
es RvTiuri Tu istoriuli misiebi. niSandoblivia 5 maisis qalTa
manifestaciac. nu davimSvidebT Tavs mamakac liderebis cixeebSi
izolaciiT. gaxsovdeT: mandilTan erTad, qarTvel qalebs xmlisa
da droSis Werac xelgvewifeba. ar arsebobs Zala, romelic Cven-
Si mimdinare erovnul moZraobebs SeaCerebs. Cven ukve veRar Se-
veguebiT socialistur Sirmebs, komunistur niRbebs, totalur
sicruesa da orpirobebs. Cven aRar davmorCildebiT pirvelyo-
fil totalitarizms, rac mouTmenelia demokratizmSi da yovlad
Seuracxmyofelia civlizebuli erebisaTvis.
roca Cvens konstituciur moTxovnas, antisabWourad racxaven,
roca cils gvwameben, roca SurisgebiT gviswordebian („za stali-
nu!“), roca qalebs Segnebulad gvklaven („Ctob ni raJali“), roca
Tavisuflebis survilisaTvis barbarosulad gvCexaven („svabodu
zaxateli...“), Cven ufro sulmwared da aucileblobis simtkiciT
vSliT lozungs: `gaumarjos damoukidebel saqarTvelos!~
leila comaia
1989 wlis 6 maisi
am werilis honorari (Tu igi daibeWda), msurs gadavricxo „9 aprilis“

memorialis asageb fondSi (ar damibeWdes – l. c.).
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №56, 2018w.
309
siZulvilidan siyvarulamde
albaT, arc erT politikur moRvawes wilad ar xvdenia iseT

ukidures siZulvilisa da siyvarulis atmosferoSi moRvaweoba,
rogorc baton zviad gamsaxurdias xvda. amgvar ukiduresobaTa
gamovlinebani ki imis dasturia, rom qarTvelebi bunebiT maqsi-
malistebi varT, maqsimalistia TviT Cveni prezidentic.
visac ki masTan umoRvawia, ar SeiZleba ar egrZno masSi samS-
oblosadmi maqsimaluri siyvaruli da maqsimaluri Rvawli. igi am
grZnobis, Tundac wuTier modunebas veravis patiobs, Ralatad
uTvlis. mkacria miseuli Sefaseba? geTanxmebiT, magram aseTia
misi kriteriumi upirveles yovlisasTan damokidebulebaSi. ucxoa
misTvis koniunqtura da pragmatizmi, uCndeba eWvi... amitomac Wir-
da da Wirs masTan urTierTobebi da, TanamebrZolebidan, albaT
amitomac mxolod merab kostava SemorCa, rogorc Rirsi raindi.
diax, zemoxsenebuli maqsimalizmis gamo Wirs baton zviadTan
TanamSromloba. am Znel gamocdas mxolod merabiviT Rirseulni
gauZleben. da Tu parlamentSi ar aRmoCndnen aseTni, maSin igi ken-
tad SemorCeba parlaments da marto zidavs sizipes tvirTs. amis
mowmeni gavxdebiT. misi jado-Zala, RvTaebrivi xatis – deda-sam-
Soblos znekeTil, gulwrfel siyvarulSia da amaod dagisaxavT
miznad misi damarcxeba.
„me zviadis ganTavisuflebuli saqarTvelo ar msurs!“ „me gam-
saxurdias saqarTveloSi ar vicxovreb!“ „Zirs diqtatori!“, „Zirs
faSisturi diqtatura!“ ai opozicionerTa lozungebi, romliTac
ibrZvian. mxolodRa paradoqsaluri faqtia, rom aseTi lozungebi-
sa da ukanono qmedebebisda miuxedavad, rogorRac mainc uvneblad
Tanacxovroben Cvens gverdiT, TiTqos, qarTveli eris udidesi
nawili uwignur-gaunaTleblebi viyoT, rom ar vicodeT, Tu ro-
goria faSizmi, ra aris diqtatura da ris daSvebebs iTvaliswinebs
demokratia.
cnobilia, rom zemocitirebul lozungebs sakmao mxardamWeri
gamouCnda Cvens sazogadoebriobaSi. maT Soris, inteligenciis
garkveuli nawili. me minda gavimeoro, rom isini yvelani orde-
310
nosani, korumpirebuli an karieristi inteligentebi arian, magram
maT warsul cxovrebaSi ki namdvilad aRiniSneboda, Tu sul mTlad
nihilizmi da indiferentizmi Tu ara, kompromisi mainc socialu-
ri sakiTxebis gamo, Tumca es sulac ar gamoricxavs, rom isini pa-
tiosani adamianebi arian da gulwrfelad sjeraT, rom demokrati-
isTvis ibrZvian. samwuxaro da gulsatkeni is aris mxolod, rom am
brZolaSi SeiaraRebul opozicias ki ar gaemijnen, aramed TavianTi
TanadgomiT erTgvarad waaqezes kidec isini.
amdenad, inteligenciis nawilma metad saeWvo mdgomareoba-
Si Caiyena Tavi da amiT, faqtiurad gawira demokratiis ideali
da TviT saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis ideac. politikur avanti-
urebSi gauwafavi inteligencia aRmoCnda ra iaraRi SeiaraRebuli
opoziciis xelSi, maTi Tanadgoma avantiuristuli miznebisaTvis
gamoiyenes. saxezea savalalo Sedegebi...
inteligenciis opozicioneroba garkveul wilad gansazRvra,
agreTve marqsistulma cnobierebam, razec amomwuravad iyo sau-
bari qalbaton nino gvelesianis akademiur werilSi „isev eris moy-
varuli guli gerCioT“ („Tbilisi“, 8 oqtomberi, 1991 w.) da me sau-
bars aRar gavagrZeleb. davZen mxolod erTs: aseTi cnobierebis
pirovnebebisaTvis metad Zneli aRmoCnda erovnul cnobierebaze
gadarTva, rac politikuri procesebis elviseburma ganviTarebam
ganapiroba.
es, rac Seexeba cnobierebis faqtors, romelic pikantur prob-
lemad moCans, sulmdabal Suris faqtoris fonze, romelic misi
genezisis gamo yovelTvis warmoadgenda Cveni erovnuli trage-
diebis mizezTa mizezs. diax, CvenSi yovelTvis mZvinvarebda Suri.
mZvinvarebs dResac da amkvidrebs agresias.
swored agresia warmarTavs mavani inteligentis qmedebas, rome-
lic guSin Camovida soflidan da dRes ukve, ratomRac Tbiliselad
(qalaqelad) moaqvs Tavi. arada, cnobilia, rom qalaqelad mesame
Taoba iTvleba mxolod. „suniani naxiri“, „gondabnelebuli masa“,
„brbo“, „uvici soflelebi“ da kidev vin icis, rogori epiTetebiT
„amkoben“ alal da gulmarTal soflelT. da amiT (upirvelesad)
TavianT ukidures provincializms amJRavneben. ufro metic – es
gaqalaqebuli soflelebi imdenad gakadnierdnen, rom TavianTi
kuTxis – odiSel xalxs, axalgazrduli gazeTis furclebidan ase
moZRvraven: „... sanam Tqveni TvaliT ar dainaxavT, saiTkenaa WeS-
311
mariteba, pozicias nu gamokveTavTo“, riTac araobieqturobaSi
deben brals. TiTqos, imisaTvis rom sworad Seafaso prezidentis
saqmianoba (movlenebi), qalaqSi cxovrebaa aucilebeli. soflidan,
sul raRac aTasiode kilometris manZilidan ver dainaxveba. maS,
sakvirvelia, rogorRa xedaven isini asiaTasobiT kilometriT daS-
orebuli qveynebSi mimdinare procesebs, rom weren: „ar gvegule-
ba Segnebuli qarTveli, romelsac Tavisi patara qveynis momavali
avstriis, Sveicariis, skandinaviis darad ar eocnebebao“, vendoT?
ara, batonebo, ase xelwamosakravi ar gaxlavT sofleli.
„sofleli brZeniao“, uTqvamT da WeSmaritad! Tqven ki dema-
gogiiT ver gaasulelebT maT, ucdomelia soflelis alRo. amg-
varma alRom aawevina Cvens brZen soflelebs diadi lozungi:
„saqarTvelo marto Tbilisi ar aris“, romelic qalaqelebis par-
tikularul lozungs daupirispires da miT CaSales TbilisisaT-
vis provinciebis Camocilebis mavne mcdeloba.
1983-89 wlebSi, rodesac yvelani erTad warmovadgendiT
erovnul moZraobas, Tavad CavdiodiT dRes ase augadxsenebul
soflebSi (raionebSi) da iqaur mSromelebs xmisCaxleCamde movu-
wodebdiT wamosuliyvnen Tbiliss da SeerTebodnen saprotesto
aqciebs mTavrobis sasaxlesTan. Semdeg igive partiis lidere-
bi, mTavrobis sasaxlesTan zar-zeimiT acxadebdnen, rom ama da
am raionebidan Tbilisisaken daiZra oraskaciani, samaskaciani da
a. S. kolona, rac Cven Zalas gvmatebda. Tbilisis fabrika-qarx-
nebidanac gamogvyavda xalxi da maT mTavrobis sasaxlisaken orga-
nizebulad movuZRodiT. dRes ratom iqca msgavsi aqciebi dacinvis
sagnad? gamsaxurdiam sofeli qalaqs daupirispirao, gahyvirian
opozicionerTa mitingebze da zogierTi vaiinteligentis pirad
saubarSic gaigonebT msgavs umarTebulo braldebebs, maSin roca
Tavad daupirispidnen soflelebs: „aq ras CamodixarT, dReSi or-
mocdaaT maneTs gaZleven aq dgomis safasurad, daetieT Tqvens so-
flebSi~ da kidev vin icis, rogori uxamsi ciliswamebebi akadres
gulwrfel da patiosan xalxs da rom verafriT ukuaqcies, kvlav
Cveul demagogias mimarTes: xalxi ki ar unda icavdes prezidents,
prezidenti unda icavdes xalxso.
diax, xalxs prezidenti unda icavdes, magram, xalxic unda ica-
vdes prezidents. da es, asec unda iyos.
mainc, vina varT es „qalaqelebi“? CemsaviT miwas gamoqceuli ig-
312
ive soflelebi. qalaqelebis fuqsavatur patriotizms verafriT
Seedreba soflelebis ZarRviani da laRi patriotizmi. „rad min-
da prezidentis mowodeba, Tu qalaqSi simSvide ar aris, sofelSi
ra gamaCerebso“, ase martivad gamoxata Tavisi patriotoba, CemTan
saubarSi erT-erTma soflelTaganma.
diax, asea da ase viqceodiT Cvenc, 80-iani wlebis erovnuli
moZraoba, roca uyoymanod CavdiodiT yvelgan, yvela regionSi,
sadac ki saqarTvelos uWirda. da arsad ar migrZvnia Tavi Casu-
lad. erTxel ki gvakadres, leninis Zeglis Camosagdebad baTumSi
CasulT saolqo komitetis partokratiam: „Tqven aq Camosulebi
xarT da vin gekiTxebaT CvenTan Zeglis Camogdebaso“.
diax, `Camosulebi xarTo~, gvakadres komunistebma da dResac
igives ukiJineben, komunisturi ideologiis matarebeli „demokra-
ti inteligentebi“ soflel xalxs.
televiziasTan, sadac es ampartavani inteligentebi (qalaqele-
bi) idgnen, sul samiodejer mivedi da, Cemi poziciis gamJRavnebi-
sTvis, Tofis lula momabijines Sublze: „qalebi, pirvel rigSi
qalebs unda gagixvritoT Sublio“, Semomsisina cxrametiode wlis
ymawvilma kacma siZulviliT. Tamar mefis, qeTevan wamebulis, mari-
am RvTismSoblis wilxvedr saqarTveloSi, sadac arc is aris al-
baT SemTxveviTi, rom swored qalma, wminda ninom moaqcia sruliad
qarTvelni marTlmorwmune qristianad.
CavuRrmavdeT am niSandebebs.
moTxovnebi ki, romelic gaficul teleJurnalistebs hqondaT,
SeiZleba iTqvas, samarTliani moTxovnebi iyo (garda politikuri
moTxovnebisa), magram erTi kiTxva mainc mawuxebs: komunisturi re-
Jimis dros, rodesac isini, pirdapiri gagebiT partiul muSakebad
iyvnen qceulni, ratom maSin ar imaRlebdnen xmas TavianTi profe-
siuli uflebebis dasacavad? dRes rom ase erTTavad gaguladeb-
ulan, Tanac „faSizmisa da diqtaturis“ periodSi? igive kiTxvebi
mitrialebs inteligenciis sxva warmomadgenlebis misamarTiTac,
romlebic sul samiode wlis win, aramcTu ificebodnen an mani-
festaciebSi iRebdnen monawileobas, aramed TviT peticiebzec ki
ver bedavdnen xelis moweras.
Turme ramdeni „gmiri“ gvyolia, wlebis ganmavlobaSi rom vux-
mobdiT da ar Cndebodnen...
CemTvis, absoluturad miuRebelia saparlamento opoziciis
313
saqcieli, rac badebs azrs quCis opoziciasTan aliansisa.
Tu quCis opoziciisa da parlamentis opoziciis erTdrouli
ieriSi ubralo Tanxvdenaa, maSin Wkvian da patriot parlamen-
tarebs aucileblad mxedvelobaSi unda mieRoT da TavianTi de-
marSebisaTvis ufro stabiluri dro SeerCiaT, an sulac daeswroT
movlenebisTvis, rac savsebiT gamoricxavda eWvis faqtors. depu-
tatebad arCeviT Cven maT asparezi miveciT uzenaes sabWoSi civi-
lizebulad brZolis, rameTu quCam, 1990 wlis 28 oqtombrisaTvis,
savsebiT amowura Tavisi funqcia.
mavanTa pirovnuli Tu politikuri ambiciebis mizeziT, saqa-
rTveloSi dRes, ZmaTa sisxli iRvreba. gaRebulia sulisSemZvreli
msxverpli ZmaTa Sesarigeblad, gia abesaZis mowameobrivi TviTm-
kvlelobis fasad. niSandoblivia, rom man Tavi opoziciis aqciis
midamoebSi daiwva (e. d. p. Stabbinis win), riTac misaxvedri gaxada
Tavisi mowodebis aqcenti.
pirovneba, romelsac aseTi maRali moqalaqeobrivi mrwamsi
gaaCnia, SemTxveviT arafers Cadis, mas TviT niuansic gaTvalis-
winebuli aqvs.
amas Segneba unda!
Cvenc SevignoT! riTac laxvars CavcemT da sabolood dava-
marcxebT kremlis „didi ketis politikas“ saqarTveloSi.
leila comaia
22 noemberi, 1991 weli. gaz. „Tbilisi“, №215
314
mZulvebelni
siZulvili parafsiqologiuri movlenaa da am mdgomareobaSi

myof adamians, gonebasa da suls Znelad Tu gaunaTeb. am grZno-
biT gaJRenTili adamis Ze gonwalekili, gaafTrebuli moarRvevs
siZulvilis boboqar morevs da lamobs am morevSi danTqas misi
sulieri mzeris damabrmavebeli naTeli – simarTle.
am cnobamixdil wadils SeCereba (Sekaveba) sWirdeba.
igi mwvalebelTa, intriganTa, moSurneTa, cudmedidTa, sulm-
dabal da gulnamcecaTa mzvaobiT azvirTebuli morevia, romelic
Smorianad moborgavs CvenSi 1991 wlis 22 dekembridan dRemde.
da mzvaobs moZuleTa laSqari.
– ...yvelani unda daiWiron! yvela mitingi unda dairbes! zvia-
distebi unda daixvriton!... moRalate megrelebs sakadrisi pasuxi
unda gaeces!... vin ekiTxeba wvrilfexobas!... Cven, qalaqelebi!... –
ampartavnulad gahyvirian tribunidan, presis furclebidan,
radiodan, televiziidan ide-fiqsiT Sepyrobili pativmoyvare gva-
mebi.
Cveni moTmineba ki mravalgzis gamoicada am moZuleTa laSqris
zRvardaudebel lanZRvasa da ciliswamebaSi, represiebSi, rbeveb-
Si, daxvretebSi. gamoiwrTo politikur brZolebSi, Tumca SeWir-
da suli permanentul isteriul yofaSi. Znelia, amgvar ganukiTxav
viTarebaSi SeinarCuno moTmineba da ar waglekos usamarTlobiT
dagrovilma risxvam. ar gadascde keTilgonierebis zRvars da Senc
ar iqce RmerTgandgomilTa satanis modgmad. Cven, qristianulma
moTminebam da Semwynareblobam agvamaRla moZuleTa zeda. Cven, mx-
ilebis garda, sxva iaraRi xelT ar agviRia. Tumca, moZalade xe-
lisufalni, kvlav da kvlav, Zalismieri meTodebiT gvebrZvian. ui-
araRo xalxis winaSe iaraRs ki cvedanni da mtyuarni iReben xelT.
Cven ki marTalni varT!
da miT, uZlevelni!
icis eg xuntam, romlebic, saxierebiT imasa hgvanan (mkvlelTa
da yaCaRT), visac namdvilad warmoadgenen. am amRvreul ier-saxes
(auras) araferi eSveleba, amaoa gzis Cvenebac eklesiisken, Tum-
ca iqac satanebi dabudebulan, sadac mkvlelebmac Tavaweulad
315
Seabijes, didi sanTlebiT, xatebis win farisevlurad Camodgnen
da kokobzikoben. amgvari moCvenebiTi morwmuneni, sapatriarqom
ufro mxurvaled Caikra gulSi, yvela eklesiis kari farTod
gauRo da umetesi pativiTac miiRo. ara, rogorc Ze Secdomilni,
aramed, zviadize ufro sayvarelni.
ase iqca eklesia – sauflo saxlic „elitarul“ darbazad, sa-
dac uwmindurT ealersebian, enas uCleqen, ziarebasac, mounanieb-
lad da wesismieri, kanonikuri locvanis gareSe aZleven.
me ki, romelic, jer kidev maSin viyavi eklesiuri morwmune,
rodesac dRevandeli mRvdlebis nawili aTeistebi iyvnen, samxe-
dro gadatrialebis Semdgom, sionis eklesiaSi, arcerTma mRvdel-
ma ar maziara da eklesiidan gamomagdes; iq ukve xunta boginobda,
rogorc mrevlSi, aseve mRvdelmsaxurebSi da agresias avlendnen.
me aTi wliT ganveSore eklesias. eklesias ganeSora misi namdvilm-
orwmune mrevli. ufrore imitomac, rom mRvdelmTavrebma, dekem-
ber-ianvris saxelmwifo gadatrialebis dros, eklesiebi, kacTakv-
lis samizneebad da iaraRis sawyobebad aqcies (qaSueTis eklesia,
wm. panteleimonis eklesia, orTaWalis wm. barbares eklesia). am
saSinelma movlenebma gamoiwvia WeSmarit morwmuneTa ganrideba
eklesiebis qvabavazak RvTis msaxurTagan. vimedovneb, WeSmariti
morwmuneni vipovniT Zalas sakuTar sulSi da kvlav davubrun-
debiT deda-eklesiebs. sapatriarqosa da samRvdeloebas, ar gavai-
givebT RvTis saxlTan.
imgvari tlu kacisagan, rogoric qalaqis miliciis ufrosi da-
viT zeikiZea, araferi unda gagvikvirdes; mas, Tavis samsaxureobriv
movaleobad, mtkiced dausaxavs sakuTari xalxis jalaTad yofna
da leqsikonic Sesabamisi gaaCnia: „...ar davuSveb! davarbev! sasti-
kad gavuswordebi, iaraRsac gamoviyeneb!“ da am yvelafers... „zvia-
distebis“ winaaRmdeg, rodesac kriminali „yvavis“ dedaqalaqSi.
es, 30-iani wlebis tipiuri CekistTagani, romelsac garegnobac
da Cacmulobac (ukeTurad Savgremani, avad aWrili, mowriale wvri-
li TvalebiT da TiTqmis uniformad qceuli Savi perangiT) damax-
asiaTebeli aqvs, siamovnebiT axorcielebs rbevas da represiebs
erovnuli xelisuflebis mxardamWeri studenti axalgazrdobisa
da inteligenciis winaaRmdeg. zeikiZes, diriJor-ganmkargulebel-
ic xom stalin-berias memkvidre SevardnaZe hyavs. aki, SevardnaZem,
dasaxmareblad, ukrainidan mouxmo kidec berias aCrdils – misi
316
vaJiSvilis saxiT, romelic saxelmwifo televiziiT SevardnaZis
qeba-didebiT „gvmoZRvravs“.
SevardnaZiseul ultra-faSistur reJims unda vebrZoloT da ar-
amc da aramc, Tundac iZulebiTi morCilebiT, xeli ar unda SevuwyoT
mis damkvidrebas. amitomac gviwevs plakatebiT Sexla SevardnaZis ti-
ranul reJimTan. amitomac xSirad waawydebiT student gogonebTan
da qalbatonebTan Serkinebul miliciis sammarTvelos, mxedrionisa
da erovnul-demokratiuli partiis SeiaraRebul otrovela kacebs.
raRa Tqma unda, rom amgvari uTanasworo brZola, yovelTvis xuntis
xelisuflebis gamarjvebiT gvirgvindeba. Zaladoba xom, SevardnaZis
Zalauflebis SenarCunebis erTaderTi garantia.
uWirs saxelmwifo meTaurs, uWirs parlamentSic da parla-
mentis gareTac. ekonomiurad da politikurad agrerigad dau-
Zlurebul saxelmwifoSi, erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZrao-
basac, TiTqos, brZolis unari aRar unda SerCes, magram didi da
mouRleli yofila simarTlis Zala. da vibrZviT kanonierebisa da
samarTlianobisaTvis, demokratiisaTvis. saxelmwifo meTauri ki
mrisxanebs CveniT Seqmnil politikur destabilizaciaze da qveya-
naSi gamravlebul kriminalzec: „es mtrobaa! es sakuTari eris da
samSoblos Ralatia!... sad gagonila, rom satvirTo matareblebs
Zarcvavdnen, eleqtro boZebidan spilenZis mavTulebs xsnidnen,
navTobis milebs burRavdnen, sad? sad?!...“
sad da im saxelmwifoSi, romelsac antixalxur-antierovnuli
xuntis mTavroba marTavs, sadac xalxs siRatakisTvis gaswiraven da
SimSiliT klaven. RirsebawarTmeuli kacisaTvis zneobrivi krite-
riumebi aRar arsebobs. „patiosneba“, „zneoba da morali“, rogorc
kriteriumi, qreba da es normebi mxolod cariel sityvebad iqceva!
Tqven, batono xuntis meTauro, xelisuflebaSi mosvlis dRidan
gaaCaReT sasowarmkveTi propaganda, rom Cven araferi ar gvaqvs,
aranairi resursi ar gagvaCnia, raTa Tavi virCinoT, rom Cven sxva
qveynis daxmarebis gareSe SimSiliT amovwydebiT, daviRupebiT,
radgan araferi, sul araferi gagvaCnia. manamde, bunebrivi re-
sursebiT sakmaod mdidari respublika saqarTvelo, Tqvens xelSi
uceb iqca yvelaze Ratak respublikad. amgvarma meTodurma propa-
gandam Tavisi ukeTuri saqme ukve gaakeTa: qarTvelma kacma dakar-
ga imedi, sakuTari Zalebisa da SesaZleblobebis rwmena. usasoobi-
sa da uZlurobis grZnoba daeufla, guli aucruvda. Tqven, xalxs,
317
Sromis SesaZleblobebi mouspeT, samSoblo gaupartaxeT da mouox-
reT. gauZarcveT da dauxureT sawarmoebi da qarxnebi. uimedobaSi
Cavardnil xalxs Tqven, oradori gza dautoveT: qurdoba-yaCaRoba
da maTxovroba. mizani naTelia, xalxis ukidures siRatakeSi Ca-
vardniT, Tqven gsurT, xalxs ruseTTan yofniT dausaxoT TviT-
gadarCenis erTaderTi gza. Tqveni misiac aRsrulebuli iqneba!
mama-marCenalis imijsac iqmniT:
– me maZleven, raTa gamogkveboT... – ayvedriT xalxs maTxovrul
yofas. Tqven, sulierebisa da rwmenis damangreveli sabWouri ti-
pis ideologiuri manqana, mTeli simZlavriT aamuSaveT.
amgvari sabWouri tipis ideologiuri manqanis mesaWe e. Sevard-
naZe, TviT im drosac ki, rodesac afxazeTis omSi sisxlisagan iwrite-
ba saqarTvelo, sakuTari ubadruki xelisuflebis SenarCunebas cdi-
lobs samtrediaSi, senakSi, foTSi, CoxataurSi da a.S. da qadiliT
acxadebs, rom sakmarisi Zalebi gaaCnia, raTa sakadrisad gauswordnen
„momxdurT“(romelSic mxolod erovnul Zalebs gulisxmobs). igi meo-
re fronts xsnis samegreloSi da qveyanas samoqalaqo omisaken miaqa-
nebs. „ra vqna, molaparakebam Sedegi ar gamoiRovo“, Tavs imarTlebs.
da, rogor molaparakebas sTavazobda xelisuflebis uzurpatori
da samxedro gadtrialebis momwyobi SevardnaZe kanonieri xelisu-
flebis damcvelebs? absoluturad calmxrivs, romelSic mxolod
misi interesebi unda yofiliyo gaTvaliswinebuli. Tu amgvar „mo-
laparakebaze“ ar Tanxmdeba kanonierebisa da samarTlianobisaTvis
mebrZoli meamboxe mxare, igi mteria da mtrulad unda gausworde.
aseTia moZalade xelisuflebis logika, romelSic samarTlianobisa
da demokratiulobis natamali ar devs.
saocaria isic, rom amgvar ulogiko moTxovnaSi, SevardnaZe,
erTi muWa, oden filarmoniis darbazis damtev Tanamoazreebs
eyrdnoba mxolod. gamWriaxi da ruseTis moimede politikosi ix-
tibars mainc ar itexs da filarmoniis takimasxruli tribuni-
dan utrirebs: „Tbilisi saqarTveloa da saqarTvelo Tbilisia“.
filarmoniis tribunidan gadmosrolili am sityvebiT ki man, un-
eblied, SemosazRvra misi iurisdiqciis faqtobrivi areali da
Tbiliss, rogorc xavss ise CaeWida.
magram, aris ki Tbilisic misi dasayrdeni? cxadia, ara! da amaSic
umal darwmundeba (ukve darwmunebulic aris), rogorc ki ityvis
uars sakuTari mmarTvelobis diqtatorul reJimze da mitingebis,
318
manifestaciebisa da sainformacio arxebis mcire Tavisuflebas
mainc gamoacxadebs.
1993 wlis 14 seqtemberi gaxldaT e. w. saxelmwifo meTaurisa
da misi gundis (sapatriarqos CaTvliT) agoniur mdgomareobaSi
yofnis yvelaze TvalsaCinod Semzaravi dRe, apoTeozi ukanaskne-
li masobrivi scenisa. SevardnaZis rezidenciis imelis SenobasTan,
xuntis Jurnalistebis mier moxmobili xalxis, daaxloebiT 500-mde
masa, isteriuli mudariT SesTxovda SevardnaZes, ar gadamdgariyo
da ukan waeRo gabrazebul gulze miRebuli gadawyvetileba. ase-
Tive isteriuli viTareba iyo xuntis parlamentSic – dabneul-SeS-
foTebuli parlamentarebi da mTavrobis wevrebi sasowarkveTil
saxeebs ver malavdnen; xalxis SurisZiebis SiSiT Sepyrobilni, ig-
ives emudarebodnen maT mfarvel SevardnaZes, ar gadamdgariyo.
“imelSi“ male patriarqi ilia meorec gaCnda, romelmac, Sevard-
naZes, ukan waaRebina gadadgomis gadawyvetileba. SevardnaZe ki,
lamis xatze daficebiT iqadnidan, rom gadawyvetilebas ar Secvl-
ida, ar alokavda Tavis gadafurTxebuls.
da ai, egzaltirebuli daCoqili masis winaSe, SevardnaZem, Tav-
isi gadafurTxebuli aloka!
am uRirsebo aqtiT, kmayofili da bednieri darCnen, TviT Se-
vardnaZe, patriarqi, parlamentisa da mTavrobis wevrebic, ro-
melTa Soris gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobda, SevardnaZis favoriti
irakli baTiaSvili. xolo daCoqil masaSi ki – mwerlukebi: jumber
TiTmeria, zurab Toria (meuRliTurT, izolda WilaZe), ciala
ardaSelia... 500-mde uRirsebo kolaboracionisti.
es sircxvili, qarTveli eris uaxles istoriaSi, mRaRadeblad
darCeba da veRaraferi waSlis mas.
furTxis alokvisa da muxlze dacemis amazrzeni sceniT dag-
virgvinda ruseTis emisar eduard SevardnaZis farisevluri
gancxadeba „gadadgomis“ Sesaxeb 1993 wli 14 seqtembers.
am renegatebma, zviad gamsaxurdiasa da erovnul-ganmaTavisu-
flebeli moZraobis siZulviliT, SevardnaZes kidev 10 wliT gaux-
angrZlives xelisuflebaSi yofna, ris Sedegadac miviReT sruliad
mooxrebuli, teritoriebdakarguli, damcrobili da ganadgurebu-
li saqarTvelo.
leila comaia
1993 wlis 20 seqtemberi
319
zizRi SevardnaZis saqarTvelos
anu es Cemi saqarTvelo ar aris!
arsebuli politikuri viTarebidan gamomdinare, Znelia gan-

sazRvra, Tu rodis moeReba bolo manqurTi SevardnaZis mtarval-
ur batonobas saqarTveloSi. erTi ram ki SeiZleba dabejiTebiT
iTqvas, – maSin, rodesac igi ruseTis imperiul gegmebs srulad da
pirnaTlad aRasrulebs (ganaxorcielebs). dastur, Tavisi veragi
da cbieri politikiT, igi ufro pirwmindad angrevs da musravs
saqarTvelos, vidre amas, xangrZlivi da sastiki omebiT SeZlebda
ucxo Tu gareSe mteri.
saqarTvelos istoriaSi iSviaTia msgavsi politikuri moR-
vawe(stalin-beria-orjonikiZis garda), romelsac ase veranad da
partaxad Seeqmnas sakuTari samSoblo, gaesxvisebinos miwebi, meTo-
durad gaeryvnas da damnaSaveebad eqcios TiTqmis mTeli sazo-
gadoeba, teroriTa da ekonomiuri siduxWiriT daeTrgun-daeCa-
Canakebinos Tavisi xalxi.
qarTveli xalxi, Tavdapirvelad ganajgona (saba) „didi poli-
tikosis“ moCvenebiTma brwyinvalebam da axla, gawbilebuli, saso-
warkveTiT godebs, suls Rafavs.
xalxi „did bavSvTa“ krebulia – malemrwmeni da gulubryvilo.
da mainc:
xalxi yovelTvis marTalia!
marTalia, roca abneven.
marTalia, roca atyueben.
marTalia, rodesac dums.
marTalia, rodesac yviris.
xalxi yvelasTan marTalia! marTalia da tragikuli.
ase uRirsebod miwaze ganrTxmuli saqarTvelo da qarTveli
eri iSviaTad axsovs istorias.
es, SevardnaZis „gmiruli“ (naTlimamurad, rogorc Seracxa pa-
triarqma) Rvawlis Sedegia, misi provinciuli tiraniis nayofia. da
mainc usazRvroa misi utifar cinizmamde dasuli farisevloba da
cbiereba, rac satanasTan aaxloebs, magram ki Sors dgas satanuri
daxvewilobisagan;
320
SiSvelia da Semzaravi SevardnaZis siverage.
bunebaSi Cndebian adamianebi, visTvisac borotis qmna, sisastike
da agresia cxovrebis wesi da normaa, misi sulieri moTxovnile-
baa. SevardnaZis personis ganxilvisas, swored amgvar anomaliur
SemTxvevasTan gvaqvs saqme da amitomac uperspeqtivoa masTan civi-
lizebuli meTodebiT (mitingebi, manifestaciebi, gaficvebi) brZo-
la, magram mas verc SeiaraRebuli dapirispirebiT moicileb. igi
TviT klasikur revoluciasac, mTeli sisastikiT CaaxSobs sisxlSi,
rameTu misTvis, kariera, sikvdil-sicocxlis sakiTxia. erTaderTi
unetaresi da umaRlesi wadilia, xatia misTvis rkinis savarZeli.
axla bevrs laparakoben SevardnaZis nebayoflobiTi wasvlis
Sesaxeb, magram merwmuneT, es romc axdes, igi, saqarTvelos, arc
SoreTidan moasvenebs (risi mware magaliTebi Cven gvaqvs). Sevard-
naZe ar dauSvebs politikur gvam-leSad qcevas. igi bolomde iR-
vawebs, raTa daumtkicos CrdiloeTsac da masonur politikur
samyarosac erTguleba. erTgulebis dadasturebis realuri San-
si da politikuri asparezic ki mas mxolod sakuTar samSobloSi
– saqarTveloSi gaaCnia. am „qarTvelur uflebas“ igi yovelTvis
gamoiyenebs. „qarTveluri uflebiT“ dabrunda igi saqarTveloSi,
„qarTveluri uflebiT zrunavs“ igi saqarTveloze, rogorc xSir-
ad acxadebs xolme royio, anu maRali da uSno xmiT.
im saxelmwifoSi, romelSic berbiWaSvilebi, eris mamebs da Tav-
dadebul patriotebs tyviebs esvrian, wamebiT klaven – moRalate-
Ta gasagmiradac unda aRimarTos meamboxe sulis marjvena.
sxva gza, borotisa da mosisxari mtris dasamarcxeblad, ar
aris! sxvagvarad ver gadavrCebiT!
SevardnaZis mtarvalurma reJimma, eris Tavisuflebis ubiwo
swrafva wumpeSi CanTqa. qilikiTa da gatrizavebiT Sebilwa Cveni
uzenaesi ideali. eri gaxliCa, kuTxe – kuTxeebs gadahkida, geno-
cidi mouwyo qarTvelT. emigrantebad, ltolvil-devnilad aqcia
xalxi. Sara-quCebSi maTxovrad an CarCebad dasxa. daTrguna Cve-
ni amayi geni, daaZabuna. kvlavac monobiT dagvamcira. qarTvel-
Ta sulSi genetikuri silaRe Cakla, gagvaucxova. apaTiam dagvria
xeli, gavognebulvarT!
erTaderTi, visac SeeZlo SevardnaZis boroti nebis daZle-
va – zviad gamsaxurdia gaxldaT. amitomac moakvlevina. Tumca,
umal, ucodveliviT ganacxada: „me ar minda momavalma Taobebma,
321
zviad gamsaxurdias sikvdili damabralos“. magram istoria, cxadia,
prokuratura ar aris, danaSaulis dafarva rom SeZlo. SevardnaZe,
istoriis ganaCenisa da Taobebis risxvas, TviT sikvdiliTac ver
aicilebs.
„zviadistebma“ imTaviTve uwyodnen, Tu ra ubedurebas moutan-
da SevardnaZis mmarTveloba saqarTvelos. amitomac iyvnen katego-
riuli winaaRmdegni misi saqarTveloSi dabrunebis. amitomac ga-
moucxades mis saarCevno farss „imedis arCevnebs“ boikoti. Tumca,
qarTveli eris xma, SevardnaZis xuntisturi reJimis mier, iaraRis
JRarunSi iqna CaxSobili.
dRes, popularuli inteligencia da Wkuasusti politikanebi,
rodesac qveyana ukve daaqcies SuriT aRZruli siZulviliT, „Sec-
domebis gamosasyidad“ axali brZolisaTvis emzadebian da mxardaW-
eras gvTxoven SeumcdarT. sxvisi ar vici, me ki namdvilad ver ven-
dobi maT da ar msurs isini kvlav xelisuflebaSi vixilo.
SevardnaZem ki, rogorc vvaraudobdiT, qveyana namdvilad daaq-
cia da kvlav uaresi gvelis. SevardnaZis ZalisxmeviT, saqarTve-
los katastrofa gardauvalia, rasac ar SeiZleba ar Wvretdnen
Cveni moazrovne individebi, magram komformistulad duman. nak-
lebad an TiTqmis ar reagireben politikuri partiebic, rac maT
saWurisobaze metyvelebs. SeTqmuliviT dums inteligenciac, dums
studentobac, rac orive fenis denacionalizaciis maniSnebeli
simptomia.
sxvagvarad gaugebaria dumili!
ar SeiZleba, samSoblo, fiziologiuri tkiviliviT, droebiT an
periodulad gvtkivodes. samSoblos tkivili sulismieri tkivilia
da igi dReniadag unda gvakrTobdes, gvawuxebdes. dRevandeli da
momavlis saqarTvelos Semyure qarTveli eri erTianad unda bob-
oqrobdes da arki unda eguebodes TviTkvdomas, monobas, SimSils.
yovlad gaumarTlebelia leTargiuli Zili da cvedanuri SiSi. igi
unda davZlioT CvenSi mamulis gadasarCenad! me mxolod aseTi fx-
izeli da energiuli saqarTvelo mwams da istoriuladac mxolod
amgvari saqarTvelo vici!
dRes ki ra xdeba! erovnuli moZraobis saeWvo liderebi simar-
Tles umalaven xalxs, raTa ar moxdes maTi azvirTeba. am ganzrax-
viT afuCeCeben prezidentis mkvlelobis faqtsac, riTac aSkarad
grZeldeba SeTqmuleba zviadis winaaRmdeg misi sikvdilis Semdegac.
322
zviad gamsaxurdia ki imitom wavida gmirul TviTSewirvaze
(ruseTis specnazebis alyaSi moqceuli prezidenti mravalgzis
cdila alyidan gasvlas), rom, raki marto ver umklavdeboda Zli-
er mters, gamoefxizlebina qarTveli eri da erTianad daerazma
ulmobeli mtris winaaRmdeg.
amgvari da mxolod amgvari jansaRi reaqcia unda gamoewvia Cven-
Si prezidentis mkvlelobas, magram rogorc ki am suliskveTebiT
davapireT mitingebisa da manifestaciebis warmarTva, umal ga-
moCndnen axal gamomcxvari politikuri liderebi da xelSi ai-
Res erovnuli moZraobis sadaveebi. maT ki, mitingebi, xelisu-
flebisaTvis sasurvel kalapotSi moaqcies. – quCidan, parkebsa
da skverebSi gadaitanes. paralelurad, uSiSroebis samsaxurebma
daiwyes xalxis dabneva-gaoreba zviadis sicocxlis Sesaxeb Wore-
bis aqtiuri gavrcelebiT, rasac aviTarebdnen erovnul moZrao-
baSi Semogzavnili da aTqvefili Tavisive agenturebis meSveobiT.
saamuri Wori ki, mwuxar gulze, malamod ecxeboda gulubryvilo
masebs. maTi saprotesto ganwyoba, rogorc winaswar iyo gaTvlili,
xelisuflebisaTvis sasurvel ganelebamde davida.
Cvens Tvalwin moxda, Tavzardamcemi erovnuli tragediis gan-
eleba da sabolood ki gacieba.
aSkarad Seiqmna savalalo suraTi, merab-zviadiseuli WeSmari-
ti erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis cru moZraobad gar-
dasaxvis. dRemde grZeldeba manipeulireba prezidentis sicocx-
lis TemiT. „igi mova (gamoCndeba) da gaagrZelebs...“
amazrzeni mkrexeluri molodinia!
amgvar „erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel liderebs“ araferi aqvT
saerTo merab-zviadiseul idealebTan. isini, yvelani eduard Se-
vardnaZis klonebi arian! furTxilokiebis, muxliCoqiebis da fari-
sevlebis saqarTvelos ki, daviTiseul, Tamariseul, iliaseul, zvi-
adiseul saqarTvelod ver vaRiareb. es SevardnaZis saqarTveloa
da zizRi, aseT saqarTvelos!
es Cemi saqarTvelo ar aris!
me mrwams, rom zviad-merabiseuli erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraoba SeinarCunebs miseul siwmindesa da SemarTebas, gmirul
suls, romelsac is erTwliani saqarTvelos Tavisufleba aRanTebs
da uCiraRdnebs, kvlavac darazmavs. qarTvelTa brZolis maradiul
JinSi, idumal libod, devs Tavisuflebis ukvdavi rwmena.
323
eduard-borots da mis Sav-bnel inteligencias saqarTvelos
uaxlesi istoriidan surT amoSanTon 9 aprili – dasabami saqa-
rTvelos damoukideblobisa, riTac SeduRabda eri.
amadac aris zviad gamsaxurdia, TviT sikvdiliTac uZleveli.
amitomac aris misi weliwadnaxevriani saxelmwifoebrivi moRvaweo-
ba – mTeli epoqa.
amitom, vaSa zviadis saqarTvelos!
me am saqarTvelosTvis vibrZoleb!
leila comaia
1994 wlis 15 agvisto
324
zviad gamsaxurdia erovnuli moZraobis
Crdilovani mxarea?!
istoriuli analizi uaRresad rTuli da sapasuxismgeblo

saqmea. am misiis aRmsrulebeli subieqtivizmisa da mikerZoebi-
sgan mainc unda iyos ganwmendili, rasac samwuxarod ver vityviT
vaxtang ZabiraZeze, gazeT „axal saqarTveloSi“ dabeWdili seri-
uli werilebis mixedviT (dasawyisi №29, 1998 w.). Cvenc kargad
vuwyiT, rom msgavsi xasiaTis, verc erTi avtoris naSromi ver
iqneba srulyofili, magram rodesac yoveli striqonidan Jonavs
pirovnuli siZulvili erovnuli moZraobis Tavkacebis mimarT,
Znelia endo avtors.
v. ZabiraZe, warmoadgens ra ilia
WavWavaZis sazogadoebas, erovnuli
moZraobis istorias mTlianad am
sazogadoebis CarCoSi mimoixilavs
da „erovnuli moZraobis Suq-Crdi-
lebsac“ xsenebuli sazogadoebis
fonze warmoaCens. misi subieqturi
mosazrebiT ki erovnuli moZraobis
Suqiani, anu naTeli mxare ilia Wav-
WavaZis sazogadoebaa, xolo Crdi-
lovani, anu bneli mxare, zviad gam-
saxurdias moZraoba.
Tavi davaneboT imas, rom Cveulebriv, erovnuli moZraobis dinam-
izmi identuria qveynis geografiuli sazRvrebis (da aseTic iyo
igi Cvens sinamdvileSi, romelmac zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab
kostavas liderobiT moicva sruliad saqarTvelo) da ar ganisaz-
Rvreba erTi romelime konkretuli organizaciis qmedebiT. arc
organizaciis legaluroba aris is prioriteti, magaliTis Zalas
rom aniWebdes mas. amdenad, ZabiraZis xmamaRali gancxadeba: „ilia
WavWavaZis sazogadoeba pirveli legaluri organizacia iyovo“, in-
formaciul codnas Tu Segvivsebs mxolod.
„erovnuli moZraobis Suq-Crdilebis“ ukve gamoqveynebul seri-
alebSi aSkarad gamJRavnebuli arakeTilganwyobis gamo ki, mTlad
325
gulwrfelad ar gveCveneba ZabiraZis gakvirveba imis Sesaxeb, rom
pirvel legalur erovnuli sazogadoebis (il. WavWavaZis sazoga-
doebis) aqtivistTa siaSi ar figurirebs zviad gamsaxurdiao („ax-
ali saqarTvelo“, №34. 1998 w. SemdgomSi mxolod gazeTis nomrebs
mivuTiTebT).
is xmauri, rac am movlenas mohyva, Zneli dasajerebelia, ar mi-
swvdenoda ZabiraZis yurs. saqme imaSi gaxldaT, rom il. WavWava-
Zis sazogadoebis Seqmnis idea, erovnul moZraobaSi, Semoitana
guram mamuliam, romelmac idea pirvelad, gia Wanturias gaando
da oriveni aqtiurad Seudgnen am ideis realizacias: isini dau-
kavSirdnen yvela erovnul Zalas, gaacnes organizaciis Seqmnis
idea da SesTavazes organizaciaSi gawevrianeba, organizaciaSi
zviad gamsaxurdias gawevrianebis survilis gamoTqmis gamo, gia
Wanturia, moulodnelad seriozul winaaRmdegobas waawyda gur-
am mamulias mxridan, romelsac mxars ubamdnen sxva aqtivistebic.
aqedan Caido pirveli ganxeTqilebis vaSli erovnul moZraobaSi,
rac sabediswero aRmoCnda mTeli Semdgomi xanis erovnuli moZ-
raobisaTvis.
Tu vin iyvnen am „erovnuli ideis“ – il. WavWavaZis sazogadoe-
bis Seqmnis namdvili avtorebi, igi mogvianebiT gacxadda guram
mamulias aSkara destruqciuli qmdebebiT.
komunistur reJims, `kgb~-s agenturuli qselis meSveobiT sur-
da zviad gamsaxurdia moewyvita erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraobisagan, raTa maT mier advilad marTvadi yofiliyo sabWo-
Ta xelisuflebisaTvis aSkarad saxifaTo erovnuli moZraoba. am-
itom iyo guram mamulia kategoriuli winaaRmdegi il.WavWavaZis
sazogadoebaSi zviad gamsaxurdias Seyvanisa. mamulias, sazogadoe-
bis gamgeobaSi mxari aubes im Zalebma, romlebic e. w. „monaniebis“
gamo pirovnul dapirispirebaSi iyvnen zviad gamsaxurdiasTan. maTi
pirovnuli dapirispireba ki SesaniSnavad gamoiyena `kgb~-em Tavisi
strategiuli miznebisaTvis – erovnul Zalebs Soris mtrobisa da
SuRlis gasaRrmaveblad.
zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi amgvari agresiuli damokidebulebis
gamo, am sazogadoebaSi Sesvlaze, Tavdapirvelad uars acxadebda
merab kostavac. guram mamuliam orjer mec SemomTavaza sazogadoe-
baSi Sesvla. „jer zviadi SeiyvaneT da me Semdgom Semoval-meTqi“,
mivuge. mogvianebiT, winadadeba gamgeobis sxva wevrebmac Semom-
326
Tavazes, romlebsac, agreTve igive gavumeore. merabi Zalze tragi-
kulad ganicdida il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebasa da zviad gamsaxur-
dias Soris dapirispirebas da rodesac garedan veraferi gaawyo
(mravaljeradi mcdelobis miuxedavad), gamgeobis daJinebuli Tx-
ovniT sabolood daTanxmda sazogadoebaSi Sesvlaze. „Sevdivar,
raTa zviadis Seyvana SevZlo“. gamendo igi.
merabi cixidan axalgamosuli iyo da erovnuli moZraobis
mocemul wevrebs naklebad an sul ar icnobda. merabi, arc am
moZraobaSi Seqmnil rTul viTarebas icnobda, gacilebiT daxve-
wilad rom aeburda saidumlo samsaxurebs. merabis wasvlis merme,
ramdenime saaTSi zviadic movida CemTan Rrmad Cafiqrebuli da
TiTqos naRvlianic. „ici?“ mkiTxa TavCaqindrulma, „iyo“-meTqi mec
mokled vuTxari, uxalisod. merabis gulwrfelobaSi, cxadia, eWvi
arcerTs gvepareboda, magram orives raRacis gveSinoda. TiTo
sityvis (kiTxva-pasuxis) meti erTmaneTisTvis araferi gviTqvams,
universitetSi gasavrcelebeli masalebi damitova da male wavida
damZimebuli. vxvdebi, am sapolemiko werilSi, uCveulod liriuli
noti gamepara, magram zviad-merabis tandemi uneburad iwvevs am
nots da sxvebisgan gulwrfelad mikvirs, wamaxuli kalmiT rom
weren maTi urTierTobis Sesaxeb.
il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebaSi merab kostavas Sesvlas, sazoga-
doebis SigniT, `kgb~-sa da erovnul ZalTa interesebis mkveTri Se-
jaxeba mohyva, ramac, sabolood, sazogadoebis gaxleCa gamoiwvia.
1988 wlis martis TveSi(zviadis saprotesto SimSilobis peri-
odSi) il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebaSi arsebuli dapirispirebis gamo,
erovnuli moZraobis aqtiuri wevrebi, qavTaraZis quCaze ir. wer-
eTlis binaSi SevikribeT, sadac mwvave Sexla-Semoxlis Semdgom (md-
gomareobas sagangebod Zabavda levan Rvinjilia, ris gamoc merab
kostavasagan mkacri SeniSvna miiRo: „Sen, ratom aqtiurob?!“) sazo-
gadoebidan gasvla gamoacxades gia Wanturiam da merab kostavam.
gia Wanturiam, rogorc am sazogadoebis Seqmnis organizatorma,
mamulias, CxeiZes, wereTelsa da sxvebs garkveviT ganucxada, rom
sazogadoebidan gadioda il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis saxeliT, ris
Semdgomac irina sariSvilsa da ramdenime TanamoazresTan erTad
datova Sekreba.
mamuliasa da wereTelTan ramdenime wuTiani sityvieri Sex-
la-Semoxlis Semdgom, merab kostavam da mec, studentur jgufTan
327
(mako janjibuxaSvili da sxva) erTad davtoveT Sekreba. vazusteb:
me sxdomas veswrebodi, rogorc disidenti, erovnuli moZraobis
wevri da ara, romelime politikuri organizaciis. gia Wanturias
muqara, rom igi sazogadoebidan gadioda sazogadoebis saxeliT
niSnavda, rom igi qmnida paralelur organizacias. am dapirispire-
baSi bunebrivad imoqmeda zviad gamsaxurdias faqtorma, rasac xe-
lovnurad Seuwyves xeli am sazogadoebis gamgeobis wevrebma zviad
gamsaxurdias aSkara ignorirebiT.
guram mamulia, rogorc disidenti, xolo erovnuli
xelisuflebis iaraRiT damxobis Semdgom, xuntis parlamentis
wevri, aqtiurad lobirebda sabWoTa periodSi deportirebul
„Turqi mesxebis“ repatriacias (samSoblo-saqarTveloSi dabrunebis
sakiTxs). es ki, namdvilad ar gaxldaT martivad gadasawyveti
sakiTxi da Tanamdevi movlenebiT sakmaod rTul da problemur
sakiTxs warmoadgenda, rasac ar iTvaliswinebda guram mamulia.
misi upasuxismgeblo damokidebulebis gamo, „Turqi mesxebis“
Camosaxlebis sakiTxidan Camocileba kategoriulad moiTxova
samcxe-javaxeTis inteligenciis sakmaod mozrdilma jgufma
(ix. gaz. „literaturuli saqarTvelo“, 14-20 ivlisi, 2000 weli).
isini aRwerdnen ra mesxeTSi Turqebis cxovrebis periods, 1800-
1919 wlebSi, CamoTvlidnen soflebsa da dasaxlebebs adigenis
raionisas, sadac e.w. Turqma mesxebma daangries IV-XI saukunis
44-ze meti marTlmadidebluri eklesia. eklesiebidan gaziduli
qvebi ki sakuTari saxlebis mSeneblobebisTvis gamoiyenes, zo-
gierTi marTlmadidebluri eklesiebis nangrevebze ki meCeTebis
mSeneblobebi wamoiwyes.
zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, samcxe-javaxeTis inteligencia
SevardnaZis xelisuflebisagan moiTxovda: 1. gamoiyvanon komisiis
Semadgenlobidan g. mamulia da Camoacilon am mimarTulebiT
yovelgvar saqmianobas, rogorc calmxrivad dainteresebuli
da mesxeT-javaxeTis mosaxleobisaTvis metismetad arasaimedo
pirovneba“;
328
im pirovnebebma(guram mamuliam da sxvebma), romlebmac zviad
gamsaxurdias mokveTis sababad misi „monanieba“ gamoiyenes, serbskis
klinikis gamouvlelad, TavisuflebaSi myofebma moinanies Tav-
ianTi warsuli saqmianoba 1987 wels saqarTvelos ssr umaRlesi
sabWos prezidiumisadmi gagzavnil gancxadebaSi, raSic isini fics
aRavlendnen xelisuflebisadmi: „unda ganvacxadoT, rom Cve-
ni sazogadoebis miznebi araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar ewinaaRmdegeba
saxelmwifos mier aRebul kurss, Cveni amocanebi Cveni eris ufle-
bebis dacva da kulturuli memkvidreobis movla-gafrTxilebaao“.
xsenebuli mimarTvis teqsti v. ZabiraZemac gamoaqveyna Cvens
mier gansaxilvel werilSi (№34/, me-4 sveti). am koleqtiuri aR-
iarebiT il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis gamgeoba da wevrebi reg-
istracias sTxoven xelisuflebas. gancxadebis teqsti arafriT
gansxvavdeba zviad gamsaxurdias e.w. aRiareba-monaniebisagan. Se-
darebisaTvis momyavs merab kostavas gancxadebis teqsti kupiure-
biT: „sasamarTloze z. gamsaxurdias ar daugmia da arc mounaniebia
Tavisi ZiriTadi saqmianoba erovnuli da humanitaruli xasiaTisa,
rac gamoixateboda mis werilebSi saqarTvelos eklesiis mdgomare-
329
obis Sesaxeb, kulturis ZeglTa Sesaxeb, qarTuli enis mdgomare-
obis Sesaxeb...“
barem aqve gagacnobT gancxadebis im nawilsac, romelSic mer-
ab kostava gamoxatavs Tavis piruTvnel damokidebulebas zviad
gamsaxurdias e. w. monaniaebaze: „zviad gamsaxurdias nabijs da
pozicias me ara marto vamarTleb, aramed aucileblad mimaCnia im
situaciis Sesabamisad. aseve sworad mimaCnia Cemi pozicia, imave
miznebidan gamomdinare... erisa da simarTlisaTvis sakuTari si-
cocxlis gamwiravma axla Tavisi Tavmoyvareobac dasdo sasworze,
rac pirvel msxverplze uaresia...“
diax, is pirovnebebi, romlebic dRemde ukiJineben „monanie-
bas“ zviad gamsaxurdias, Tavad gaxlavan monaniebulni. aRarafers
vambob patimrobaSi yofnis dros, maTi cixis sameurneo nawilSi
da biblioTekaSi muSaobis Sesaxeb, rac cixis administraciasTan
pirdapiri TanamSromlobiT miiRweva.
erisa da qveynis interesebidan gamomdinare, zviad gamsaxur-
dias faqtiuri monanieba, yvela fenis warmomadgenlisTvis, TiTqos
gasagebi unda yofiliyo, magram amgvari maRalpolitikuri midgoma
savsebiT ucxo aRmoCnda intrigan-moSuRari fsevdo-disidentebi-
saTvis, romlebic xelisuflebis mxardamxar iRvwodnen zviadTan
merabis dapirispirebasa da CamoSorebisaTvis.
zviads Tavad surda Sesuliyo il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebaSi,
raTa amiT ganemuxta daZabuli situacia da erTianobisTvisac
mieRwia. gavixsenoT, Tundac saxalxo frontis damfuZnebeli kon-
ferencia filarmoniaSi, sadac ukiduresad daiZaba viTareba Tav-
mjdomared zviad gamsaxurdias dasaxelebis gamo. daZabuloba Ta-
vad zviad gamsaxurdiam ganmuxta Tavmjdomareobaze keTili nebis
uaris TqmiT.
e. w. erovnuli organizaciebis SeqmniT (il. WavWavaZis sazo-
gadoeba, saxalxo fronti) xelisuflebas surda yvela erovnuli
Zalis am organizaciebSi Tavmoyra da zviad gamsaxurdias politi-
kuri Zalebis gareSe datoveba – „ganiaraReba“, xolo „monaniebis“
monotonuri SexsenebiT – misi surviliT mokveTa erovnuli moZ-
raobidan. jaba ioselianis mier mogvianebiT deklarirebuli for-
mula: „yvelas minus erTi!“ `kgb~-s speckabinetebSi, rogorc Cans,
im periodSi SemuSavda, magram man dRemde ver imuSava: zviad gam-
330
saxurdia, fizikuri likvidaciis miuxedavad, erovnuli moZraobis
droSad da idead iqca.
erovnul moZraobaSi warmoqmnil ganxeTqilebis WeSmarit
mizezs ki Suri warmoadgenda, rac zviad gamsaxurdias pirovnuli
efeqtiT iyo ganpirobebuli. moSurneebma, qveynis saxelmwifoebriv
da erovnul interesebs, pirvelobisTvis brZola anacvales.
ZabiraZe sruliad umarTebulod ayenebs eWvqveS mTavrobis sa-
saxlidan sabWoTa droSis Camomgdebis vinaobas, sqolioSi ki aR-
niSnavs im kacis gvari ar maxsovso (№37).
10 weli gavida mTavrobis sasaxlidan ssrk wiTeli droSis
Camogdebidan da namdvilad didi usamarTlobaa, rom qarTvelma
sazogadoebriobam dRemde ar icis im istoriuli piris vinaoba:
1988 wlis 25 noembers, sabWoTa saqarTvelos mTavrobis sasaxl-
idan, 19 sT. da 30 wT-ze, sabWoTa socialisturi respublikebis
wiTeli droSa 31 wlis gabriel (gabur) isakaZem Camoagdo. igi,
mweral qiSvard isakaZis vaJiSvili gaxldaT.
gabrieli, erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis, manam-
de uCinari wevri iyo. gamorCeulad lamazi, warmosadegi, TxemiT
terfamde vaJkaci. mTavrobis sasaxlesTan gamarTul mitingebze,
merabisa da zviadis antiimperiuli gamosvlebiT STagonebulma
gabrielma, mTeli kvira amuSava gonebaSi droSis Camogdebis geg-
ma, aravis gaendo, vinZlo saidumlo ganzraxva ar gacemuliyo da
mis aRsrulebaSi xeli ar SeSloda. 25 noembers, 19 saaTze, gula-
di vaJkaci, frTxili nabijebiT marto Sevida mTavrobis sasaxleSi.
gonivrulad dazvera sasaxlis Sida interieri da saxuravze asasv-
leli Sida perimetri. da saZulveli imperialistebis droSa Camo-
agdo. gabrieli saxuravzeve daakaves. sabWoTa prokuraturam misi
saqcieli borot xulignobad da saxelmwifo droSis SebRalvad
daakvalificira da saqmec aRZra. miliciis sammarTveloSi fiziku-
ri wamebebis Semdgom, gabriel isakaZe fsiqiatriul saavadmyofo-
Si gadaiyvanes, raTa komunistur xelisuflebas, kremlis mamebis
winaSe Tavi emarTlebina, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobis sasaxlidan
wiTeli droSa politikuri protestis niSnad ki ar Camoagdes, ar-
amed fsiqiurad daavadebulma Camoxsnao.
gabriel isakaZe, fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi sastiki cemisa
da gamosaTayvanebeli wamlebis gakeTebis miuxedavad, Tumca daZ-
abunebuli, magram mainc saR gonebaze iyo. mSoblebis drouli da
331
energiuli Carevis Sedegad, fsiqiatrebma ver moaswres misi Seura-
cxadobis damtkiceba – Tvenaxevris wamebis Semdgom igi cixeSi ga-
daiyvanes, sadac agreTve gaagrZeles misi fizikuri wameba.
gabriel isakaZes, sabWoTa kanonmdeblebma 3 wliT Tavisu-
flebis aRkveTa miusajes, magram merab kostavas mier Sedgenil
peticiaze mravalaTasiani xelmowerebisa da qarTveli mwerlebis
SuamdgomlobiT, darCenili ori weli pirobiTi sasjeliT Seucva-
les; xelisuflebis daTmoba, garkveulwilad, erovnuli moZraobis
momZlavrebis periodiTac iyo ganpirobebuli.
gabrieli morwmune da marTlmadideblobis Tavgamodebuli
damcvelic iyo. igi patimrobaSi icavda marxvebs, loculobda da
religiurad sxva patimrebsac anaTlebda.
patimrobidan gamosulma gabriel isakaZem daarsa „qarTvelTa
sulieri erTianobis ganmamtkicebeli dasi „rwmena“, riTac daiwyo
aqtiuri brZola yovelgvari seqtebis winaaRmdeg. ieRovelebTan
brZola ki mas, lamis sicocxlis fasad daujda – ieRovelebis
qomagma da saidumlo mfarvelma `kgb~-s TanamSromlebma igi motyu-
ebiT Casves manqanaSi da lisis tbaze muclis areSi sasikvdilod
daWres.
gabriel isakaZis cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis Sesaxeb daweri-
li, funagoristisa da pamfletistis, qiSvard isakaZis wigni („Cemi
Svili gabrieli“, Tbilisi, 1997 weli.) iwyeba muxran maWavarianis
SefasebiT: „aferum, – gabro SemarTebas Sensas!“.
gabriel isakaZeze ase vrclad imitom vwerT, rom marTlac ia-
mayos Cvenma erma misiT da ucodinrobiT, kvlavac eWqveS ar daay-
enos misi pirovneba. es miutevebeli mkrexeloba iqneba!
maSin sikvdils RvTis SewevniT gadarCenili gabrieli, erovnu-
li xelisuflebis arCevisTanave gvardiaSi Sevida da specialobiT
ekonomisti, bolomde erovnuli gvardiis rigiTi jariskaci gaxda.
1993 wlis 24 seqtembers, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTve-
loSi dabrunebisTanave , gabrieli. uyoymanod gaeSura samegrelo-
sken. 31 dekembers ki, zugdididan, axali wlis Sesaxvedrad ojaxSi
dabrunebuli, saburTalos raionis milicielebma tyvis jeriTa da
cinizmiT dacxriles missave ezoSi (vazisubnis q. 24). „eg is biWia,
mTavrobis sasaxlidan orjonikiZis atanili droSa rom Camoagdo“,
uTqvams erT-erT mimxvdur miliciels, romlebic aq gabrielis
mosaklavad, swored orjonikiZis gvaris warmomadgenelma, sabur-
332
Talos raionis miliciis ufrosma elguja orjonikiZem warmogza-
vna.
niSandoblivia, rom gabriel isakaZe, rogorc ficgautexeli
gvardieli, saqarTvelos jalaTebma 1993 wlis 31 dekembers mok-
les prezident zviad gamsaxurdias likvidaciamde ori saaTiT
adre.
gabriel isakaZe imperiaze marto-
xelad amxedrebuli axali gmiria saqa-
rTvelos uaxles istoriaSi. droa, sa-
Tanado pativi da adgilic
davumkvidroT saqarTvelos damouki-
deblobis, kanonierebisa da samar-
TlianobisaTvis Sewirul gmirs, ro-
melmac erTgulebisa da Tavganwirvis
naTeli magaliTi misca qarTvel ers.
axalgazrda kacma, samSoblosac sami
Svili dautova. igi 35 wlisa mokles.
v. ZabiraZe ixsenebs skandalur
ciliswamebas il. WavWavaZis sazoga-
doebis wevr zaqaria laSqaraSvilze,
romlis Sesaxebac zviad gamsaxurdiam,
TiTqos safrangeTSi makompromen-
tirebeli informacia gaavrcela. amis dasturad ZabiraZe imowmebs
merab kostavas werils baton giorgi wereTlisadmi parizSi, raSic
merabi baton giorgis sTxovs: „... macnobeT, marTla SemoTvales
saqarTvelodan zaqaria laSqaraSvilze (sadac igi emigrirebuli
iyo – l. c.), rom is uSiSroebis komitetis agentia da Tu SemoT-
vales, vin Caidina amgvari ram?“ merabis es werili CemTvisac cno-
bilia da isic cnobilia, rom merabs safrangeTidan baton giorgi
wereTlisagan damadasturebeli aranairi pasuxi ar miuRia.
Tavad zviad gamsaxurdia ki, Tumca oficiozisa da erovnuli
moZraobis wevrebis mxridanac gaxveuli iyo ciliswamebis kori-
antelSi, mainc mtkivneulad ganicdida xolme axal ciliswame-
bebs, rameTu igi garkveulwilad xels uSlida erovnul-politi-
kur moRvaweobaSi. darwmunebuli var, laSqaraSvilze is boroti
ciliswameba Tu dezinformaciac uSiSroebam gaavrcela WavWavaZis
333
sazogadoebasa da gamsaxurdias Soris dapirispirebisa da mtrobis
gasaRrmaveblad.
Cems arqivSi inaxeba am skandalur informaciasTan dakavSire-
buli erTi dokumenti, romelic dabeWdilia swored im ybadaRe-
bul Sriala TeTr furcelze, razec dRemde borotad qilikoben
zviadTan dapirispirebuli disidentebi: „gamsaxurdia, proklama-
ciebs specialurad beWdavda Sriala qaRaldze, romelic sionSi
gasavrceleblad mohqonda da Tan, jibidan amoRebis dros, misi
SrialiT `kgb~-s yuradRebas ipyrobdao“. am e. w. Sriala qaRaldis
mTeli „saidumloeba“ ki imaSi mdgomareobda, rom igi erTaderTi
Txeli qaRaldi iyo im periodis poligrafiaSi, romelic zviads,
erTdroulad, aTi egzemplaris gadabeWdvis saSualebas aZlevda,
rac Sromas umsubuqebda.
axla ki, Tavad dokumentis Sesaxeb: igi daTariRebulia 1984
wlis 4 dekembriT da xelmowerilia zviad gamsaxurdias mier. am
dokumentiT igi gamoxatavs ra aRSfoTebas da protests Jurnal
„iveriis“ me-8 nomerSi gamoqveynebuli dezinformaciis gamo, wers:
„provokaciuli braldeba imis Sesaxeb, TiTqos me da Cemma meuRlem
yofil politpatimars, amJamad safrangeTSi myof zaqaria laSqar-
aSvils davabraleT suk-is agentoba, rasac ver daadasturebs verc
erTi mowme, vinaidan aseTi ram ar momxdara. gancvifrebas iwvevs
is faqti, rom iqve gamoqveynebulia koleqtiuri werili, sadac z.
laSqaraSvils „Cemgan icaven“ sxva pirebic, romelTac araviTari
sabuTi ar gaaCniaT imisa, rom xsenebuli „Jurnalis“ mier SeTiTx-
nili Wori odnav mainc Seesabameba simarTles.
am e. w. Jurnalis mesveurni Segnebulad Cqmalaven im faqtsac,
rom rodesac z. laSqaraSvili patimrobaSi imyofeboda, aravin ica-
vda mas Cems garda, aravin ibrZoda mis gasaTavisufleblad. sad
brZandebodnen isini maSin, rodesac me, im Savbnel periodSi saz-
RvargareT gavagzavne misi sabraldebo daskvna sasamarTlos gana-
CeniTurT da yvela zomebi miviRe imisTvis, rom msoflio sazo-
gadoebas londonis „saerTaSoriso aministias“ daecva igi? dRes
ki, soroebidan gamomZvralni, urcxvad iyeneben mis saxels Cems
winaaRmdeg, riTac sazogadoebas Tavgzas ubneven“.
zviad gamsaxurdia, amave gancxadebaSi iTxovs, il. WavWavaZis
sazogadoebis gamgeobam, uaxloes xanSi daasaxelos Tundac erTi
mowme imisa, rom man marTlac uwoda z. laSqaraSvils suk-is agen-
334
ti, „winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi me aRvZrav maT winaaRmdeg Rirsebis sa-
samarTloso“, romelic mogvianebiT Sedga kidec koka gawerelias
binaSi, razec ZabiraZec eswreboda.
zemomoyvanili gancxadeba zviads Cemi saxlSi aryofnis dros
moutania da ojaxis wevrebisTvis dautovebia TandarTuli weriliT,
romelsac faqsimiles saxiT gTavazobT: „leila, gTxov es gancxade-
ba daurigo maT, vinc xeli moaweres jonis „dasacav“ werilze“. z.
uSiSroebas saxifaTo problemebs uqmnida Tavisi sazogadoe-
brivi agenturebis gamoaaSkaraveba-gaSifrva zviad gamsaxurdias
mier (cxadia, am sistemaSi mokalaTebuli romelime saidumlo
patrioti muSakis daxmarebiT). uSiSroebis samsaxurebis yovlad
arasamarTlebrivi muSaobis meTodebis mixedviT, savsebiT Sesa-
Zlebelia Teoriuli daSveba imisa, rom uSiSroeba, gamsaxurdias
saxeliT, Tavad avrcelebda xmebs (informaciebs) zogierTi marTa-
li da mousyidveli pirovnebis agentobaze 2 strategiuli mizniT:
1. Seesustebina sandooba gamsaxurdias mier gamoaSkaravebuli
`suk~-is agentebis siisa; 2. moemravlebina mtrebi gamsaxurdiasaT-
vis.
ZabiraZis werilis yoveli serialidan aSkaraa mcdeloba zviad
gamsaxurdias pirovnebis SevradnaZis pirovnebasTan gaTanabrebis
da amiT zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT eWvisa da undoblobis daTes-
vis, ris erT-erT mcdelobas warmoadgens „axali saqarTvelos“
№31-is sqolioSi gacxadebuli „saidumloeba“: „... gasagebi mizeze-
bis gamo, arc z. gamsaxurdias da arc e. SevardnaZes xels ar aZle-
vdaT lustraciis kanonis miRebao“.
is faqti, rom suverenitetis deklaraciasTan erTad, yofil
socialistur qveynebSi, pirvel rigSi miiRes lustraciis kanoni,
saqarTvelos magaliTad ver gamodgeba im samarcxvino mizezis gamo,
rom sakuTari qveynis damoukideblobis gamocxadebas mtrulad ar
Sexvedria da iaraRiT ar dapirispirebia im qveynebis erovnuli Za-
lebi da inteligencia, saqarTvelos msgavsad, maSin roca damou-
kideblobis aqti unda qceuliyo didi erovnuli Serigebis aqtad.
saxifaTo Sida dapirispirebam ki, zviad gamsaxurdias saSualeba
mouspo lustraciisa da sxva msgavsi kanonebis miRebis da man, Ta-
visi prezidentobis umoklesi periodi strategiuli mniSvnelobis
kanonebis miRebasa da damoukideblobis SenarCunebas moandoma.
amasTanave, misi piradi iniciativiT, uzenaesma sabWom miiRo lus-
335
traciis kanonis TiTqmis tolfasi gadawyvetileba `sukis~ arqi-
vebis gaxsnis Sesaxeb, magram gairkva, rom arqivi smolenskSi iyo
gatanili gumbariZis dros.
ZabiraZe, gazeTis momdevno nomerSic did adgils uTmobs
z. laSqaraSvils, romelic farTo sazogadoebisaTvis TiTqmis
srulebiT ucnobi pirovnebaa da arc erovnul moZraobaSi war-
moadgens esoden gansakuTrebul figuras, magram ZabiraZes misi
wamoweva zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg sWirdeba.
il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis mier masobrivi informaciis sa-
SualebebiT gavrcelebul laSqaraSvilis „dasacav“ im zemoxsen-
ebul gancxadebas Tavad ZabiraZec awers xels, romelic „iveriis“
me-8 nomerSia gamoqveynebuli da romelSic, zviad gamsaxurdia
pirdapiraa dadanaSaulebuli laSqaraSvilis agentad gamocxadeba-
Si. „Rirsebis sasamarTloze“, zviad gamsaxurdiam kvlav daadastu-
ra, rom mas msgavsi informacia laSqaraSvilze ar gauvrcelebia,
magram verc am pirdapirma ganmartebam aRmofxvra mizandasaxuli
mtroba mis winaaRmdeg. dae, miukerZoebelma mkiTxvelma gansajos,
vis aZlevda xels igi.
ZabiraZe aqve exeba ra afxazeTis sakiTxs CvenTvis sruliad
moulodnelad, werilis sqolioSi acxadebs: „... im azramde mi-
vdivar, rom saqarTvelos yvela xelisufleba – komunisturic,
erovnulic da dRevandelic, afxazuri problemis mogvarebas mx-
olod moskovuri modeliT cdilobdneno“ (№38, sqolio 3). Zabi-
raZe, aseve Cvenda gasakvirad ar axsenebs 1992-95 wlebis xuntistur
xelisuflebas, romlis TvalsaCino warmomadgenelic (deputati)
Tavad brZandeboda da romlis drosac mimdinareobda omi afxaz-
eTSi, xolo TbilisSi, misi xelisuflebis mier mowyobili Sou-kon-
certebi da saxalxo seirnobebi imarTeboda.
daviwyoT imiT, rom 1992-1995 wlebis xuntistur xelisufle-
bas, saqarTvelos istoriidan veravin amoagdebs, ver amoSlis, ro-
melSic pirwmindad iyo warmodgenili yvela is „saxelovani“ Zala
(SeiaraRebuli, ideologiuri, agenturuli), romelmac erovnuli
xelisufleba ZaladobiT daamxo (dRevandeli faqtobrivi xeli-
suflebac, SemadgenlobiT – naxevrad da samarTalmemkvidreobiT
– srulad, xuntisturia). 1992 wlis xuntisturma xelisuflebam,
romlis swored rom TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli ZabiraZec gaxl-
daT, afxazeTSi avantiuristulad wamowyebuli omi, sayovelTao
336
mobilizaciis gamocxadebis gareSe awarmoa da dasrulda kidec
moskovuri modeliT. 1992 wlis xuntisturma xelisuflebam mouxs-
na ruseTis jars, zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis mier miniWebu-
li saokupacio jaris statusi da mas samSvidobo jaris statusi
mianiWa. aRarafers vambobT mTel rig antierovnul kanonebze, ro-
melic xuntisturma parlamentma miiRo.
afxazeTis sakiTxis gadawyvetis zviad gamsaxurdiaseuli mod-
eli ki mTlianad erovnuli iyo, riTac SesZlo kidec mSvidobisa
da stabilurobis SenarCuneba afxazeTSi, rac xels arafriT aZle-
vda ruseTs.
ZabiraZem, nacvlad imisa, aRiaros, cxinvalis regionisa da afx-
azeTis teritoriebis dakargva, rom konstituciuri erovnuli xe-
lisuflebis damxobis pirdapiri Sedegi iyo, ciliswamebasa da gaR-
ma Sedavebis politikas mimarTavs.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, groznodan arZinbasadmi gamogzavnil de-
peSaSi kategoriulad moiTxova uzenaesi sabWos sesiis saswrafod
mowveva da 1925 wlis konstituciis gauqmeba, avtonomiuri respub-
likis statusisa da 1978 wlis konstituciis aRdgena (ix. 1992 wlis
21 agvistos depeSis teqsti).
yovelives fonze CvenTvis sruliad gaugebaria afxazuri prob-
lemis mogvarebis ra moskovur models gulisxmobs ZabiraZe (unda
daekonkretebina). Tu igi erovnuli xelisuflebis mier 1978 wlis
konstituciis moqmedebaSi datovebas gulisxmobs, unda movaxse-
noT, rom cdeba, rameTu arsebuli konstitucia im droisaTvis
warmoadgenda erTaderT damcav iuridiul meqanizms teritori-
uli mTlianobis SenarCunebisaTvis.
saqarTveloSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis gauqmebis gamo ruseTi-
saTvis №2 amocana iyo am damcavi meqanizmebis moSla imperiuli
gegmis ganxorcielebisaTvis. amadac, kanonieri erovnuli xeli-
suflebis damxobis, anu №1 amocanis warmatebiT gadaWrisTanave,
igi umal meore amocanis gadaWras Seudga – misi emisrebis (kito-
vani, sigua, ioseliani), xuntisturi xelisuflebis xeliT SeaCera
saqarTvelos moqmedi konstitucia, riTac moSala teritoriuli
mTlianobis dacvis iuridiuli meqanizmi.
v. ZabiraZe vrclad mimoixilavs (№38,39) il. WavWavaZis sazo-
gadoebis mier afxazeTis sakiTxze dawyebul 1989 wlis 4-9 apri-
lis saprotesto aqciebs mTavrobis sasaxlesTan, saidanac zviadma
337
da merabma, Wanturiasa da wereTelTan SeTanxmebiT operatiulad
moxsna saxifaTo antiafxazuri paTosi da SimSilobis aqcia saqa-
rTvelos damoukideblobis strategiul moTxovnebSi gadazarda,
riTac perspeqtivaSi uzrunvelyo afxazuri problemis dareguli-
reba. esec am maxrCobela problemis qarTuli modeliT gadawyveta
gaxldaT. rom ara amgvari gonivruli gadawyveta, Cven afxazeTis
oms 1989 wlis aprilSi miviRebdiT da igi mTlianad erovnul moZ-
raobas da mis liderebs dabraldebodaT.
ZabiraZe, aprilis im mRelvare dReebSi aRwers ra sayovelTao
gaficvebis talRas, masSi mxolod Tavisi sazogadoebis rols war-
moaCens, maSin roca gaficvebis talRis mTavar mamoZravebel Zalas
zviad gamsaxurdia da merab kostava warmoadgendnen, xolo dan-
arCeni politikuri organizaciis liderebi ki – damxmare Zalas,
magram maT TanamebrZolobis statusi rodi akmayofilebdaT, am-
jerad rom dakmayofilebuliyvnen? amitomac cdiloben dResac,
Tavi erovnuli moZraobis warmmarTvelebad warmogvidginon. keTi-
li da patiosani, magram ismis logikuri kiTxva: Tu isini erovnuli
moZraobis warmmarTvelebi anu liderebi arian, maSin dRes ratom
ar ibrZvian? sad gaqrnen? sad SeiyuJnen? Tu sabrZolo araferia?
iqneb amadac damjdara am dalagebul da bednier qveyanaSi valmox-
dili vaxtang ZabiraZe da damaSvrali pensioneriviT memuarebis ms-
gavs werilebsa swers da mTlad i. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis metriT
zomavs erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas?
xiblSi Cavardnilma ZabiraZem, verc ki igrZno uneblied, ro-
gor gamoaaSkarava sakuTari sazogadoebis makompromentirebeli
fici: „Cveni kursi ar ewinaaRmdegeba saxelmwifos kursso“, xolo,
9 aprilis dReebSi, rusuli samxedro teqnikis demonstrirebiT
damfrTxal gamgeobis wevrebs, Turme gadauwyvetiaT mitingidan
moexsnaT ssrk-dan saqarTvelos gamoyofis moTxovna da kvlav afx-
azeTis sakiTxs dabrunebodnen, risTvisac maT specialuri mimarT-
vis teqstic SeumuSavebiaT (ix. „axali saqarTvelo“ №40), oRond
momitingeTa Soris gavrceleba ver mouswriaT.
v. ZabiraZis disidentoba (iseve, rogorc Teimuraz WanturiSvil-
isa) amJamindeli werilebidan Sevityve da bunebrivia, didi survili
maqvs Sevivso informaciuli vakuumi misi disidenturi moRvaweobis
Sesaxeb, raSic, darwmunebuli var gamovxatav mkiTxvelTa udidesi
nawilis survilsac. miTumetes, roca ase umowyalod gvaiZulebs
338
misi mravalseriuli werilebis kiTxvas, romlis dasrulebis molo-
dini, gasul wels aSkarad gagvicruvda. amasTanave, ramdenadac Ta-
vad ZabiraZis dialogidanac irkveva, TviT zviad gamsaxurdiasac
ki ar hqonia mTlad naTeli warmodgena misi patimrobis mizezebis
Sesaxeb, rameTu TviTdajerebiT ukiTxavs misTvis: „ai, Tqven xom ic-
nobT ginzburgso? me vupasuxe, rom ginzburgs ar vicnobdi, – aba,
risTvis ijeqi? – gaukvirda...“ mogviTxrobs ZabiraZe (№37).
batoni zviadi, ZabiraZes, rogorc Cans moskovel disident, ak-
ademikos aleqsandr ginzburgze ekiTxeboda (iyo, agreTve meore
ginzburgi – arine, isic disidenti), romlebTanac baton zviads
mWidro iatakqveSa urTierToba hqonda, gansakuTrebiT aqtiuri
urTierToba – baton aleqsandrTan).
sazogadoebisaTvis naklebad cnobil disidentebze informacia
imdenad gvainteresebs, ramdenadac viciT, rom disidentebi ar-
aerTgvarovnebi iyvnen. iyvnen Zlierebic da sustebic, romlebmac
cixeebSi ver gauZles saxelmwifo uSiSroebis marwuxebs, ris ga-
moc gatydnen da poziciurad daixies, cixidan gamosulebi ki, zogi
mkveTrad gaemijna erovnul moZraobas, zogi daupirispirda. ami-
tomac, saqarTvelos helsinkis, arcTu ise mravalricxovani jgu-
fidan, erovnul moZraobas (rogorc Tavad ZabiraZec aRiarebs)
sworupovar mebrZol raindebad mxolod zviad gamsaxurdia da
merab kostava SemorCnen.
arasrulfasovan, fsevdo-disidentTa arsebobam mZime daRi da-
asva saqarTvelos erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas, war-
moSva srulfasovanTa mimarT dapirispirebis sindromi. zviad gam-
saxurdias fiqtiuri monanieba maTTvis sababi iyo, mizezs ki Suri
warmoadgenda. es iyo arasrulfasovanTa brZola srulfasovanTa
winaaRmdeg, damuxtuli Suris energiiT.
zviad gamsaxurdia daamxes da gandevnes saqarTvelodan. xun-
tam gaimarjva. gaimarjves fsevdo-disidentebmac. maT gaimarjves
gamsaxurdias sicocxlezec (iseve, rogorc kostavas sicocxleze),
igi veragulad da mowameobrivad mokles, magram mtrebi mainc ar
cxrebian, ratom? zviad gamsaxurdia iqca saqarTvelos Tavisu-
flebisa da damoukideblobis droSad (rogorc manamde ilia Wav-
WavaZe), idead, saero aRmsareblobad, samSoblosadmi Tavdadebis
etalonad, rac sabrZolvelad aRanTebs masebs.
339
maSasadame, saqarTvelos gareSe da Sinaurma mtrebma, zviad gam-
saxurdia ver mokles! da iwyes gamoCxreka „yofili disidentebis“,
romlebic „utyuari faqtebiT daamtkiceben“ zviad gamsaxurdias
„mSiSarobas, damsmenobas, politikur umwifrobas, cilismwameblo-
bas, ruseTis agentobas“. am kampaniaSi CarTes yofili disidenti
viqtor rcxilaZec, romelic „RirsebiT“ ikvexnis rom oci wlis
ganmavlobaSi dumda, zviadis sicocxleSi, rac ar uTqvams, axla
ambobs! (viTom, marTla Rirseuli saqcielia?) (№40).
zemoT, disidentebis sxvadasxva kategoria vaxsene da Segnebu-
lad avuare gverdi saCoTiro mesame kategorias, romlebic sulac
`kgb~-s Seekrnen an xelisuflebam gadaibira da Tavis struqtureb-
Si Casva. am saCoTiro kategorias, arc axla davakonkreteb, ubral-
od gavagrZeleb saubars viqtor rcxilaZeze.
diax, zviadisa da merabis TanamebrZoli viqtor rcxilaZe,
zviadis siZulviliT gamowveul Sxamsa da balRams, gulSi 20 weli
inaxavda, Turme „Tbilisuri tradiciiTa“ da bibliuri „ara gansa-
jos“ principiT. am principebs, oRond zviad gamsaxurdias sikvdi-
lis Semdgom uRalata da iZro maxvili likvidirebuli liderisa
da prezidentis winaaRmdeg, Tanac cdilobs mkiTxveli da kritiko-
si rostom CxeiZec daarwmunos Tavis uSiSar bunebaSi: „sjobda
gaekiTxa da gaego (rostom CxeiZes – l. c.), rom arc ise advilad
dasaSinebeli kaci gaxlavarTo“.
iseTi seriozuli mkvlevari, rogoric axalgazrda doqtori
rostom CxeiZea, safuZvliani Seswavlisa da utyuari informa-
ciebis mopovebis gareSe, masze sawerad kalams namdvilad ar aiReb-
da. v. rcxilaZis guldedlobis Sesaxeb mec sakmarisi informacia
gamaCnia (magaliTad, rogori iyo misi reaqcia, rodesac igi mTaw-
mindis raionis miliciaSi, sxva disidentebTan erTad pirvelad
moxvda...), magram amjerad ar davakonkreteb. hoda axla, v. rcxi-
laZe Tavmomwoned ugebs niSns qveynisa da erisaTvis TavSewirul
prezidents: me damafases, jer „erovnuli kongresis wevri viyavi“,
Semdgom ki „saxelmwifo sabWoSic mimiwvieso“.
batono viqtor, ufro sarwmuno, Tqveni vinaobisa da raobis
Sesaxeb Cven ra unda gveTqva? adgilni Tqvenni Tavadve RaRadeben.
v. rcxilaZe, romelic baton rostom CxeiZesTan polemikaSi
fsevdo-disident T. WanturiSvilis dasacavad Caeba, wuxs: „Wan-
turiSvilsa da rostom CxeiZes Soris polemika akademiur CarCos
340
scildebao“, Tumca Tavad, zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT sulac ar
axsendeba „akademiuri CarCo“. „sul gaufrenia, sawyals... saqarT-
velodan misi gaqcevis Semdgom, me „saxelmwifo sabWoSi“ mimiwvies,
TviTon ki damcirebuli sxvisi xelis Semyured darCa, hoda usaq-
mod darCenilma...“
dameTanxmebiT, kulturuli da ganswavluli pirovneba, erovnu-
li moZraobis patriarqsa da respublikis pirvel prezidentze,
romelic iaraRiT daamxes da mokles, ase cinizmiTa da qilikiT
ar ilaparakebs.
axla vnaxoT, rogor ganixilavs igi zviad gamsaxurdias didsu-
lovan dumils mis Sesaxeb: „... kargad icoda, rom Tu ar momklavd-
nen, mas aucileblad pasuxs gavcemdi da mas ki am pasuxis eSinoda
da igi arafrad awyobdao“. zviad gamsaxurdia viqtor rcxilaZis
xsenebas ukrZalavda, Turme „mis damqaSebs“ (esec rcxilaZiseuli
akademiuri stilia) da isinic „mxolod zviad-merabs gaiZaxodneno“.
ai, swored amitom, „vinc Tavisi adgili ar icis da nametans ep-
otineba“, aiZuleben rostom CxeiZis mamxilebeli masalebi daudos
win, raTa Tavisi realuri saxe da adgili daanaxos. citirebuli
teqstidan xom aSkaraa, rom v. rcxilaZe zviads da merabs utoleb-
da Tavs da Tu xalxic amgvarad ar aRiarebda mas, es mxolod imi-
tom, rom maT, Turme, zviadi ukrZalavda!
TanagrZnobam guli amiCuya da kalami damiClunga ase usamarT-
lod daCagrul-daCrdiluli viqtor rcxilaZis mimarT. raki qa-
luri gulaCuyeba davZlie, sxva pasaJze gadavinacvleb. me Tqven
getyviT, cotaa Tu ra, amgvari pasaJebi mis paskvilSi.
v. rcxilaZes samzeoze gamoaqvs ficSemtkiculi Taname-
brZolebisa da qristesmieri Zmebis erTi wakinklavebis epizodi,
riTac rcxilaZe umal Tavis qondriskacobas ufro avlens, vidre
maT megobrobas ayenebs Crdils. danamdvilebiT vici, merabi rom
cocxali iyos, rcxilaZes amis Tqmis uflebas ar miscemda. amito-
mac dumda oci weli igi da mxolod zviadisa da merabis fizikuri
ganadgurebis Semdeg weram aitana. merabma ki dagvitova zviadTan
Seuryeveli megobrobis mRaRadebeli leqsi „Zmas qristesmiers“
da werilobiTi Segonebebi: „Cvens urTierTdapirispirebas nuravin
ecdeba. amaod Caivlian amgvari mcdelobani!“
merabi RirsebiT aRiarebda zviadis pirvelobas, mis upirateso-
bas, bolomde endoboda mas, rac dRemde ver upatiebiaT moSurn-
341
eebs misTvis da amadac Cxreken pikanturi kinklaobis ambebs maTi
megobrobis dasaCrdilad.
v. rcxilaZe cdilobs, piradi angariSsworeba, zviad gamsaxur-
dias mimarT, erovnul-patriotuli motiviT SeniRbos da am mizniT,
paskvilSi sruliad uadgilod Cris xuntisturi xelisuflebis
mier gavrcelebul dezinformacias afxazeTSi CeCeni mebrZolebis,
viTomcda zviad gamsaxurdias mier gamogzavnis Sesaxeb: „... netav...
saqarTvelos ar movlenoda Tavisi CrdilokavkasielebiT kvlav
sisxlis saRvrelado“, moTqvams didi patriotiviT da am „utyu-
ari alibiT“ itovebs uflebas ocwliani dumilis darRvevis, rasac
agreTve rostom CxeiZis sindisze debs: „RmerTma xom icis, rom ar
vapirebdi am werilis dawerasac, magram batonma rostom CxeiZem...
moaxdina amis provocireba, rac Zalze dasananiao“.
v. rcxilaZe ar cxreba da agrZelebs zviad gamsaxurdias „kom-
promatebis“ warmoCenas: „... Cveni jgufis wevrebis gasaocrad, z.
gamsaxurdiam mweralTa kavSirSi uaryo redaqtoroba mis mierve
gamocemul Jurnalebisao“.
batono viqtor, nuTu ase ucxo iyo TqvenTvis – „disiden-
tisTvis“ konspiracia da anonimuroba? Tqveni amgvari miamituri
gaoceba ueWvelad marwmunebs Tqveni „patiosani aRiarebebiTa da
dasturebiT“, Tu rogor uiolebdiT prokuraturasa da kgb-s ga-
moZiebis saqmes. zviads ki maSin mweralTa kavSirSi sasamarTlo
mouwyves da saTanado sasjelic gamoutanes – garicxes mweralTa
kaSviridan. zviadi am „mweralTa sasamarTlozec“ konspiraciuli
simtkiciT idga.
v. rcxilaZis dakiTxvis oqmebi, romelic mis werilSi rusul
enazevea mocemuli, zviad gamsaxurdias avtobiografiul wignSi
maqvs wakiTxuli da masze yuradRebas aRar SevaCereb.
rcxilaZes Semdgomi msjeloba iqeTken mihyavs, TiTqos igi
zviadis „dasmeniT“ daapatimres. misi amgvari msjeloba ki, arc
meti, arc naklebi varaudebs eyrdnoba: „... kaci, romelic daw-
ers, arc me da arc merabs igi ar dagviweriao („martirologze“),
ukve didi gamoTvla aRar iyo saWiro, mimxvdariyvnen, rom igi
Cemi dawerili iyo“. diax, ase! rcxilaZes rom usmino, gamoZiebi-
sTvis aRiarebebi da faqtebi ki ar aris saWiro, aramed sakmarisia
varaudebi. rcxilaZe imdenad dainteresebulia zviadis diskred-
itaciiT, rom „asaval-dasavalSi“ gamoqveynebul „zviadisti qal-
342
batonis“ (amgvarad moixseniebs) werilsac ki Taviseburad kiTxu-
lobs: „gamsaxurdias qvrivma groznodan moskovSic ki amoyo Tavi
suk-is garkveuli masalebiTo“, gvamcnobdao „zviadisti qalbato-
ni“ – wers igi. sinamdvileSi ki, is „zviadisti qalbatoni“, „gazeT
„asaval-dasavalSi“ (№33) laparakobda prezidentis pirad arqivze
da ara suk-is arqivze da is qalbatoni bela SalvaSvili iyo.
„... swored mZime pirobebma gatexes kaci. gTavazobT erT mcire
dokuments, sadac kargad Cans, Tu CemTan erTad sxvasac rogor
asmens z. gamsaxurdia“, wers rcxilaZe da „mcire dokumentis“ na-
cvlad, zviad gamsaxurdias sakmaod vrcel dakiTxvis oqms gvTava-
zobs, romelic daTariRebulia 1978 wlis 10 apriliT. es oqmi
CvenTvis sruliad ucnobia, rac mTavaria, igi ucnobia TviT merab
kostavasTvisac, romelic 1987 wlis maisSi gavrcelebul gancxa-
debaSi dabejiTebiT acxadebs, rom „... zviad gamsaxurdias aravin
dausaxelebia dakiTxvebze, misi mizeziT aravin daubarebiaT uSiS-
roebis komitetSi da arc gauCxrekiaTo“.
Tu marTla arsebobda 1978 wlis 10 apriliT daTariRebuli oqmi,
romelsac rcxilaZe Tavisi paskvilis romeliRac sivrceSi gvapa-
rebs, igi merabisTvisac cnobili iqneboda (me Tqven getyviT da ar
aCvenebdnen, gindaT cixeSi da gindac gareT), ris Semdegac ase dabe-
jiTebiT ar daiwyebda mtkicebas, zviads aravin dausaxelbiao.
avtobiografiul wignSi, zviad gamsaxurdia ki, saqme №131-is da-
sawyisSi gvamcnobs (gv. 63), rom „saqme“ daiwyo 1977 wlis 7 aprils
da damTavrda 1978 wlis 7 martso. maSasadame, dakiTxvebic am vadeb-
Si unda damTavrebuliyo da 10 aprils ra motiviT unda ganaxle-
buliyo? Tu, raRac mizeziT mainc ganaxlda, maSin am mizeziT mo-
tivirebuli dokumentic (axal aRmoCenili garemoebebis) xom unda
arsebobdes? am „oqmis“, zviadisa da merabis sikvdilis Semdgom
gamoqveynebac aRZravs sakmaris eWvebs, ris gamoc igi ar SeiZleba
seriozul samxilad miviCnioT. viqtor rcxilaZis winaaRmdeg ki,
zviad gamsaxurdias mxilebebi mxolod faqtebs emyareba, risTvisac
mkiTxvels vTxovT waikiTxos gamsaxurdias avtobiografiuli wigni
„damoukidebeli saqarTvelosaTvis“ (gv. 63-69, rusul enaze).
viqtor rcxilaZis qadili, rom igi ar CamoSorebia erovnul
moZraobas, ris gamoc misi TanamSromeli, Turme `kgb~-Sic daubare-
biaT masze agenturuli cnobebis mosapoveblad, ususuri mcdelo-
baa erovnuli moZraobis kvlav aqtiur wevrad warmoCenisaTvis.
343
misi „disidentoba“, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli xeli-
suflebis damxobaSi TanamonawileobiTa da „xuntis saxelmwifo
sabWoSi“ miwveviT dafasda, riTac man (T. WanturiSvilis msgavsad
saxelmwifo kancelariaSi muSakobiT) sakuTari pirovnebis lus-
trireba moaxdina.
rcxilaZe aubraloebs ra zviad gamsaxurdias funqcias rus
disidentebTan kavSirSi, wers: „rus disidentebTan kavSiris dam-
yarebas, iq Casvla undoda, rac zviads Tavisi fulis wyalobiT
daubrkoleblad SeeZlo“. TiTqos, marto CasvliTa da xelis Cam-
orTmeviT amoiwureboda zviadis saxifaTo (da ara „daubrkolebe-
li“) vizitebi moskovSi.
imisaTvis, rom naTeli warmodgena gqondeT zviad gamsaxurdias
politikur kavSirebze rus disidentebTan, mogawvdiT amonarids
konstantne gamsaxurdias (umcrosi) wignidan „dinebis sawinaaRmde-
god“ (umcros konstantines Cven viSveliebT, rogorc yvelaze in-
formirebul wyaros): „... warmoidgineT gaoceba moskoveli disiden-
tebisa, rodesac zviad gamsaxurdias da merab kostavas CemodnebiT
CahqondaT maTTvis „gulagis arqipelagis“ axladdabeWdili egzem-
plarebi. amave dros TbilisSi ibeWdeboda saxarovisa da amarlik-
is nawarmoebebi, solJenicinis interviuebi, krebuli... damyarda,
agreTve kavSirebi sazRvargareT myof solJenicinTan... disident v.
borisovis SuamavlobiT“ da sxva. „zviad gamsaxurdias xSiri siaruli
da moRvaweoba moskovSi iyo mterTan brZola Tavisive metropolia-
Si... demidovis Tqmisa ar iyos, arc erT disidents, yofil sabWoTa
kavSirSi ar gaukeTebia imdeni ruseTis gasaTavisufleblad, ivane
mrisxanes, petre pirvelis, leninis da stalinis memkvidreobisagan,
ramdenic zviad gamsaxurdias“ (igive wignSi, gv. 46).
moyvanili citatebi, vfiqrob, sakmarisad warmoaCens zviad gam-
saxurdias moskovuri vizitebis strategiul mniSvnelobas, rac
ver gaucnobierebia v. rcxilaZes, an gangebisad aubraloebs mas.
savsebiT viziareb rcxilaZis gakvirvebas: „axla cixeSi, sakanSi
televizors udgamen patimrebso“.
Cven, 90-iani wlebis politpatimrebi, namdvilad ver SevedrebiT
70-iani wlebis politpatimrebs, romlebmac sxvadasxva cixeebSi
(ruseTis cixeebSic) umZimesi pirobebi da fizikuri zewolis us-
astikesi meTodebi gamoiares. da mainc, moazrovne patimrebisTvis
(disidentebisTvis) yvelaze gulisdamlevi, informaciis vakuumi
344
iyo, rac piradad Cems Tavzec gamovcade: imis gamo, rom xuntistu-
ri reJimisadmi daumorCilebloba patimrobaSi gavagrZele, cixis
ufrosis saxelze gancxadeba ar davwere, raTa ojaxis wevrTaTvis
televizoris Semotanis nebarTva miecaT, sityvieri moTxovniT ki
mis Semotanas ver mivaRwie.
miuxedavad imisa, rom dRes patimari (politpatimari, miTumetes)
iseTi daucveli aRar aris, rogoric warsulSi iyo, masze fizikuri
zewolebi mainc xorcieldeba, ris gamoc, arc dRevandeli patimaria
saxarbielo mdgomareobaSi da cixec, dRemde rCeba veluri kanoneb-
iTa da wesebiT moqmed yvelaze sastik dawesebulebad.
sxvisi ar vici, me ki friad cudad meniSna viqtor rcxilaZis
„gaxseneba“. xom ar apireben mavanni „mZime artileriis“ Semoyvanas
Tavwaclil da isedac damangrevlad danaRmul erovnul-ganmaTavi-
suflebel moZraobaSi? amis mauwyebel sayvirad xom ar unda gve-
mcnos, ocwliani mdumarebis Semdegom, misi Tavis aRereba da qadi-
li: „... sulac ar mimaCnia, rom Camovcildi erovnul moZraobaso“?
gavasrule ra polemika v. rcxilaZesTan, kvlav ZabiraZis wer-
ils vubrundebi, romlis beWdva, grZeldeba. kategoriulad ver
daveTanxmebi ZabiraZes erovnuli moZraobis liderebis, zviad
gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas mimarT wayenebul braldebebSi,
romelic dasawyisidanve laitmotivad mosdevs mis werilebs: „vi-
codiT, rom imperia ingreoda, vicodiT, rom ar unda movyolodiT
mis nangrevebSi... da mainc „yvelaferi viRoneT“ rom es qarborbala
Cvens Tavze datexiliyoo“.
imperiis ngrevis cru SegrZnebis molodini, barem naxevari
saukune hqondaT damonebul erebs da Tqven warmoidgineT TviT
rusi moazrovneebsac ki, magram saamisod, arc socialisturi
sistemis lpoba da arc revoluciuri biZgebi (ajanyebebi) aRmoCn-
da sakmarisi. saWiro iyo erebis politikuri nebis erTsulovani
gamoxatva, rac miRweul iqna mxolod saqarTvelos magaliTze no-
ember-aprilis epoqaluri saprotesto, mRelvare aqciebiT. rasac,
v. ZabiraZe, Cvendagasakvirad, saqarTvelos erovnuli moZraobis
marcxad ganixilavs: „9 aprili iyo qarTveli xalxis, qarTveli
eris didi sulieri gamarjveba da amasTanave erovnuli moZraobis
didi politikuri marcxi“.
diax, zustad aseTi verdiqti gamoutana yofilma „disidentma“
9 aprils.
345
zviad gamsaxurdias TqmiT ki „9 aprilis msxverplad SewirulTa
sisxli daiRvara ara marto saqarTvelos keTildReobisaTvis, aramed
qristianuli zneobis, adamianobis dasamkvidreblad politikaSi“.
9 aprilis mniSvnelobis ZabiraZiseuli gaazreba politikuri
kazusia TviT afxazeTis sakiTxiT manipulirebis fonzec. 9 apri-
li udavod iyo erovnul-gamaTavisuflebeli moZraobis moral-
ur-politikuri gamarjveba da imperialisturi politikis saqveyno
marcxi. aseve udavod mtkivneulia msxverpli, magram, unda gvaxso-
vdes, rom mas marto brZolis Sedegad ar viRebT, aramed mSvido-
bianobis Sedegadac da gacilebiT mets.
swored politikuri umwifroba gaxldaT 9 aprilis damoukide-
blobis moTxovnis afxazeTis sakiTxiT Secvla, rac namdvilad
daaCqarebda afxazeTis mowyvetas saqarTvelos Semadgenlobidan
da rac, rogorc zemoT vTqviT, erovnuli Zalebs dabraldeboda.
es ki, swored moskovis scenari da modeli iyo, rac gonivrulad
aiciles 9 aprilis aqciis liderebma. il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebam
ki, bolosdabolos, Tavi unda daanebos 9 aprilis kremliseuli
geziT Sefasebas (№41).
zviad-merabis qristesmieri Zmobisa da avTandiluri megobro-
bisadmi Crdilis miyenebis saCoTiro mcdelobebi, ZabiraZis wer-
ilebSic sakmaod igrZnoba. „iq ufro kargad viyavio“, uTqvams
misTvis erovnul Zalebs Soris qiSpiTa da mtrobiT SeWirvebul
merabs, rac axali iaraRi gamxdara ZabiraZis xelSi zviad gamsax-
urdias, rogorc yovelgvari daZabulobisa da konfliqtis wyarod
warmoCeniT.
merabs marTlac uSfoTebda suls urTierTdapirispireba da
SuRli, rac cixidan gamosuls daxvda erovnul moZraobaSi. amis
gamo sulgamwarebuls CemTvisac uTqvams. „iq ufro kargad viyavio“
(cxadia, cixes gulisxmobda), magram merabi am usaSvelo dapirisp-
irebis mTavar mizezad zviads ar miiCnevda, Tumca moSuRari mxare
Zalze cdilobda, daerwmunebinaT merabi zviadis mTavar damnaSa-
veobaSi. rodesac merabi Tavad gaerkva viTarebaSi da ramdenjerme
scada dapirispirebulTa Serigeba, mZafr winaaRmdegobas, swored
meore mxarisagan waawyda. maT, yovelTvis principuli sikerpebiT
ukuagdes merabis mcdelobebi damsxdariyvnen pirispir, razec
zviadi yovelTvis Tanaxma iyo, magram calmxrivi surviliT urT-
ierTSerigebis saSuri aqti ar dgeboda. merabi, Tavis sicocxle-
346
Si, albaT am erTaderT SemTxvevaSi iyo uZluri. „me waval! waval
aqedan... Sors!“ tragizmiT savsem gadaWriT miTxra.
ZabiraZe, aseve umarTebulod cdilobs daCrdilos da sulac
ukuagdos zviadis Rvawli merab kostavas erovnul gmirad dakrZal-
vis organizebaSi: „... merabi mainc uWirisuflod darCenili iyoo“
(№44, sqolio 2), ambobs sionis sakaTedro taZarSi dasvenebul
merabze. merabs ki eTxoveboda sruliad saqarTvelo da erovnuli
gmiris saTanado pativiT mTawmindaze dakrZaluls, „uWirisuflod
darCenili“ namdvilad ar eTqmoda. xolo, Tu vinmes daaklda igi,
yvelaze metad, swored zviads da amas Tavadac ityvis 1991 wlis
9 aprils gazeT „respublikis“ korespondentTan saubarSi: „merabi
rom cocxali yofiliyo, saqarTveloSi dRes sul sxva viTareba
iqneboda. merabi Zalze daaklda erovnul moZraobas, mTel saqa-
rTvelos da yvelaze metad – me. diax, yvelaze metad – me“.
erTi imaTgani meca var, romelmac kargad uwyis zviadis usama-
no tragikuli gancdebi am Tavzardamcem avtokatastrofasTan da-
kavSirebiT. „Camomaciles...“ Tqva CemTan gayinuli xmiT da momavali
ubedurebis uwyebis niSniT. mis saxeze moliclice gasaidumloe-
bul SiSs mzera krTomiT movwyvite. mogvianebiT misi SiSi mTeli
sisruliT axda.
merabis mTawmindaze asveneba
347
diax, zviadi SoreTs gonebiT sWvretda da mxiaruli amitomac
arasodes minaxavs igi.
gazeT „axal saqarTvelos“ (40) „aliadan“ gadmoubeWdavs Tengiz
siguas muqara: „yvela Wkvianad iyos, Torem...“ mas aqvs imis dama-
dasturebeli dokumenti, rom dekembris bolos gamsaxurdia aqti-
urad muSaobda saqarTvelos dsT-Si Sesvlaze“, risTvisac zviads,
siguas TqmiT, oficialuradac ki miumarTavs, Turme azerbaijanis
maSindel prezident muTalibovisaTvis, raTa eSuamdgomla elcin-
Tan saqarTvelos esng-Si gawevrianebis Taobaze.
pirwavardnili avantiuristisa da mouRleli cilismwameblis
Tengiz siguas es morigi tyulic, cxadia, „ianaevis dakiTxvis
oqmis“ serialidanaa da mas iseve ar uweria gamoqveyneba, rogorc
Tavad ianaevis sensaciur oqms, romliTac mtkicdeboda TiTqos,
zviad gamsaxurdias mxardaWera moskovis putCisadmi.
cnobilia, rom zviad gamsaxurdia gorbaCovisadmi, elcinisad-
mi, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebisaTvis gakeTebul gancxade-
bebsa Tu ucxoel JurnalistebisaTvis micemul interviuebSi xazs
usvamda da mkveTrad gamoxatavda saqarTvelos damoukideblobisa
da Tavisuflebisaken swrafvas.
aiaz muTalibovisadmi gagzavnili sami oficialuri mimarT-
vidan, bolo 1991 wlis 26 noembris mimarTvaSi batoni zviadi kvla-
vac udasturebs mas da ter-petrosians, rom saqarTvelo imyofeba
„sruli politikuri damoukideblobis miRwevis zRurblTan“ (gaz.
„saqarTvelos respublika“, №233(253) 27 noemberi, 1991). muTal-
ibovisadmi gagzavnili amaze gviani dokumenti ar arsebobs. axla
srulad vaqveyneb zviad gamsaxurdias ukanasknel oficialur
mimarTvis teqsts boris elcinisadmi:
mis aRmatebulebas baton boris elcins, ruseTis sfs respub-
likis prezidents
pativcemulo batono prezidento!
belorusiis respublikis, ruseTis sfs respublikisa da ukrain-
is 1991 wlis 8 dekembris SeTanxmebis Sesabamisad ssr kavSirma, ro-
gorc saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqtma Sewyvita arseboba. amis
safuZvelze, erTaderT samarTlebriv dokumentad, romelic gan-
sazRvravs ruseTis sfs respublikisa da saqarTvelos respublikis
saxelmwifoTaSoris urTierTobas, unda miviCnioT 1920 wlis 7 mai-
sis xelSekruleba, vinaidan saqarTvelos respublika, saqarTvelos
348
demokratiuli respublikis uflebamonacvlea, da radgan saqarT-
velos respublikis uzenaesma sabWom 1991 wlis 9 aprils gamoacxa-
da saxelmwifo damoukideblobis aRdgena 1918 wlis 26 maisis da-
moukideblobis aqtis safuZvelze, 1991 wlis 31 marts gamarTuli
respublikuri referendumis Sedegebis Tanaxmad. es xelSekruleba
ar aris denonsirebuli arc ruseTis sfs resepublikis, arc saqa-
rTvelos respublikis xelisuflebis uzenaesi organoebis mier.
mogiwodebT, Cveni qveynebis saerTaSoriso urTierToba Seusa-
bamoT zemoT naxseneb xelSekrulebas ruseTis sfs respublikis da
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWoebis TavmjdomareTa 1991
wlis 23 martis yazbegis Sexvedris oqmis suliskveTebiT, raTa Ses-
aZlebeli gaxdes bolo aTwleulebis periodSi wamoWrili sakiTx-
ebis mogvareba.
Rrma pativiscemiT
zviad gamsaxurdia
1991 wlis 10 dekemberi
(ix.gaz. „saqarTvelos respublika“ 13 dekemberi)
isic xom kargad aris cnobili, rom saqarTvelom, alma-ataSi

samokavSireo xelSekrulebaze 1991 wlis 20 dekembers xeli ar
moawera, ris gamoc, saqarTvelos erovnul xelisuflebas sab-
olood gamoutana ganaCeni – ruseTma, 22 dekembers daiwyo Sei-
araRebuli samxedro kriminaluri agresia, putCi. saqarTvelos
erovnuli xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, rac or kviraSi am xelisu-
flebis damxobiT dasrulda.
kvlav ZabiraZis araTanmimdevrul da mimotanjul Txrobas
unda davubrunde, riTac igi „erovnuli moZraobis Suq-Crdilebs“
aRwers da rac, il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis istoria ufroa.
gazeTis me-40 nomerSi, ZabiraZe, viqtor rcxilaZis msgavsad,
„dokumenturad amtkicebs“ baton zviad gamsaxurdias cilismwame-
blobas, ris dasturadac mohyavs wm. ilia marTlisa da il. Wav-
WavaZis sazogadoebis identuri poziciebis amsaxveli citatebi
gaz. „iveriidan“, saqarTveloSi 1944 wels deportirebuli e. w.
Turqi-mesxebis Sesaxeb. „29 ivliss (1989 wlis)... kinos saxlTan...
sityviT gamovida batoni zviad gamsaxurdia da SekrebilT amcno,
rom TiTqos, samtrediis raionSi SemoiWra uzbekeTidan ltolvili
TurqTa 100 ojaxi“, raSic brali dasdo ilia WavWavaZis sazoga-
349
doebaso. meore diliT – 30-Si, imave kinos saxlTan kvlav wars-
dga SekrebilTa winaSe da wina saRamos mowodebul informaciaSi
„mciredi“ Sesworeba Seitana... Turqebi ki ar yofilan, aramed naR-
di qarTvelebio“.
ra Zneli misaxvedria, baton zviads, 29 ivliss, mitingis msvle-
lobisas miawodes mcdari informacia samtrediaSi SemosulTa
Sesaxeb. mitingebze ki vrceldeboda mowodebuli uaxlesi ambe-
bi raionebidan. zviadma mogvianebiT daazusta momxdari da meo-
re dRes, Sekrebilebs swored dazustebuli informacia miawoda.
ZabiraZe am magaliTiT ar kmayofildeba da ritorikul SekiTxvas
svams: „ TviTon z. gamsaxurdiac xom wlebis manZilze da sul bolo
dromde ... mesxTa Camosaxlebas aqtiurad moiTxovda, ra vqnaT axla
Cven, mteri da moRalate vuZaxoT amisaTvis?!“
batono vaxtang, ar vici ras xedavT mtruls da moRalaturs
zviad gamsaxurdias moTxovnebSi, romelic mesxTa (mesxTa, batono
vaxtang), anu deportirebuli qarTvelebis Camosaxlebas moiTxovda
da ara – deportirebuli Turqebis. amitomac, rodesac miawodes
informacia samtrediaSi SemoWrili Turqebis Sesaxeb, rogorc pa-
trioti da rogorc eriskaci aSeSfoTda.
amgvarad, citatebis manipulirebiT, zviad gamsaxurdias
„cilismwameblobisa da axirebulobis“ dasamtkiceblad, namdvilad
uSedegod gaisarjeT. dauzustebeli, anu „cxeli informaciebis“
gavrceleba, TviT saxelmwifo struqturebisTvisac ar aris ucxo
da mitingze, ra aseT did danaSaulad iTvleba, rom masze zviadis
axirebulobisa da cilismwameblobis xuxula aagoT? meore dRes
xom patiosnad gamoaswora Secdoma da dazustebuli cnobebiT
srulyo informacia? „axla ra Seityo iseTi, diametralurad rom
Seicvala poziciao?“ (№42) gakvirvebas gamoTqvamT. is Seityo, ba-
tono vaxtang, rom Turqebi ki ara, mesxebi Semosulan, mesxebi!
visi CamosaxlebisTvisac Tavadac namdvilad iRvwoda. Tu Tqvenc
gaigivebuli gyavT deportirebuli Turqebica da mesxebic – es
Tqveni problemaa!
ZabiraZe, kvlav gazeT „iveriis“ publikaciaze dayrdnobiT, ix-
senebs 1989 wlis 15 ivlisis pirvel sisxlian Setakebas afsueb-
sa da qarTvelebs Soris, romlis drosac daiRupa il. WavWavaZis
sazogadoebis soxumis gamgeobis wevri vova vekuac. vovas dakrZal-
vaze, erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebTan erTad mec gavemgza-
350
vre soxumSi, sadac ukve cxadad igrZnoboda saxifaTo daZabuloba.
konfliqtis gaRrmaveba da omis gaCaReba, imxanad, rogorc Zabi-
raZec aRniSnavs, zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas avtorite-
tisa da gonivruli moqmedebiT iqna acilebuli.
diax, swored maT SeaCeres erovnuli moZraobis masobrivi svla
Tbilisidan soxumisaken, ris gamoc ZabiraZe wers: „afxazeTis omi
ramdenime wliT gadaidoo“ (№42). saWirod mimaCnia ganvmarto,
rom zviads da merabs omis gadadeba ki ara, misi saerTod acileba
surdaT, risTvisac iRvwodnen kidec: prezidentobis dros, zviad
gamsaxurdiam iq, daZabulobis srulad ganmuxtvas da saqarTvelos
iurisdiqciis ganmtkicebasac miaRwia. arZinba, gasaqans ver aZlev-
da Tavis separatistul zraxvebs.
afxazeTis teritoriis dakargvisaTvis, faqtobriv xelisufle-
basTan erTad pasuxismgebloba unda daekisros im fsevdo-erovnul
Zalebsac, romlebic ideologiurad da iaraRiTac ibrZodnen –
saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis garantis – erovnuli xe-
lisuflebis damxobisaTvis. maT, agreTve unda ikisron pasuxismge-
bloba cxinvalis dakargvisTvisac da saerTod, qveynis Semdgomi
totaluri katastrofisTvis, rac maT upasuxismgeblo da danaSau-
lebriv qmedebebs mohyva. yovelive ki, maTi profanuli politikis
kraxs warmoadgens, ris gamoc isini politikidan unda wavidnen!
qarTvel ers, afxazeTi, manamde istoriulad daukarges im in-
ternacionalistma wiTelma mecnierebma, romlebmac, sabWoTa peri-
odSi daweres saqarTvelos yalbi istoria, riTac eWqveS daayenes,
am regionSi, qarTvelTa avtoqtonurobisa da aborigenobis sakiTxi
da afsuebi afxazebTan gaaigives.
ZabiraZe, TiTqos sxvaTaSoris ixsenebs, zviad gamsaxurdias xe-
lisuflebis mier jaba ioselianis dapatimrebis faqts: „... rusis
jaris gamoyenebiT Savnabadaze daarbia „mxedrioni“, Tavad jabas
ki, aramcTu iaraRis gamoyeneba ucdia, aramed, dapatimrebis mom-
lodine, arc mimalulao (№43).
saqarTvelos maoxrebeli, kriminali „inteligenti“ jaba iose-
liani, erTnairad gaaideales „wiTelma inteligenciam“ da fse-
vdo-patriotebmac, miuxedavad imisa, rom orive frTam kargad
uwyoda „mxedrionis“ ruseTis agenturuli warmomavloba da
miznebic. kerZod, „mxedrioni“ unda qceuliyo erovnuli moZ-
raobis damTrgunvel Zalad, romelic iaraRiT aRudgeboda saqa-
351
rTvelos damoukideblobas. swored amis pirveli demonstrireba
gaxldaT 1990 wlis 24 aprils teroristuli gasrola imelis Se-
nobasTan erovnuli forumis mimdinareobis dros, ramac gamoi-
wvia forumis gaxleCa. zviad gamsaxurdiam, kremlidan momdinare
am provokacias umal auRo alRo da mkveTrad gaemijna agenturul
Zalebs – datova forumi. forumi, zviadis avtoritetiT iqmneboda
im politikur birTvad, seriozuli SeSfoTebis safuZvels, diax-
ac, rom aZlevda kremls. erovnuli forumi yalibdeboda saqarT-
velos erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis makoordinirebel
xelmZRvanelobis centrad, romelsac SemdgomSi unda moewvia say-
ovelTao erovnuli yriloba da daeniSna gardamavali koaliciuri
xelisuflebis sayovelTao demokratiuli arCevnebi. kremlma ga-
nizraxa daertya am erTian Zalasa da mis strategiul gegmebze,
risTvisac aamoqmeda misi SeiaraRebuli bandformireba „mxedri-
oni“, romelmac 24 aprils esrola forums, rac erovnuli moZrao-
bis ganadgurebis pirveli mcdeloba iyo. forumis mimdinareobis
dros gasrola, warmoadgenda gamiznul mcdelobas samoqalaqo
omis provocirebisa, ris gamoc kremls miecemoda SesaZlebloba
saqarTveloSi sagangebo mdgomareobis SemoRebis, riTac dasawyis-
Sive CaaxSobda erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas.
zviad gamsaxurdias SorsmWvretelurma gamijvnam erovnuli
forumisagan CaSala kremlis yvela mcdeloba, ramac gaamwara fo-
rumis SigniT arsebuli agenturuli Zalebi da iwyes xmamaRali da
aSkara Zageba zviad gamsaxurdiasi; forumidan gasvlis demagogiu-
ri braldebiT, zviadis winaaRmdeg aagores dezinformaciis tal-
Ra, riTac daabnies da gaaores apolitikuri masis nawili, moax-
dines maTi demoralizeba.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, forumidan gamosul erovnul ZalebTan er-
Tad, 1990 wlis 7 maiss Seqmna, im droisaTvis ufro saimedod mo-
biluri erovnul-politikur organizaciaTa gaerTianeba „mrgvali
magida-Tavisufali saqarTvelo“ – bloki.
kremlma ufro gaaaqtiura brZola zviad gamsaxurdias parali-
zebis mizniT da mas, SeiaraRebuli „mxedrionis“ garda, daupirisp-
ira erovnul-politikuri organizaciebic. „mxedrioni“ – ruseTis
samxedro nawilebidan pirdapir „itacebda“ samxedro teqnikas,
riTac saqarTvelos xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg ruseTis samxedro
agresiis provocirebas axdenda. aseTi aSkarad saxifaTo viTarebis
352
gamo. prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia iZulebuli Seiqmna, Sinagan
saqmeTa saministrosTan erTad, SeemuSavebina „mxedrionis“ lider-
ebis dapatimrebis gegma, Tumca, manamde, prezidents hqonda mcde-
loba „mxedrionTan“ molaparakebisa. am misiiT, mxedrionis lider
jaba ioselianTan, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam wargzavna mR-
vdeli deputati arCil mindiaSvili, magram uSedegod.
miuxedavad imisa, rom „mxedrionis“ liderebis dakavebis op-
eracia Savnabadaze, milicielebma umsxverplod ganaxorcieles
– opozicionerebi, mTeli Rame manqanebiT daZrwodnen Tbilisis
quCebSi da xalxs isteriuli xmiT amcnobdnen, rom TiTqos zviad
gamsaxurdiam 60-mde „mxedrioneli“ Caaxocia rusis jarso, rac mt-
knari sicrue gaxldaT.
dResac borotad cdilobs v. ZabiraZe, daamkvidros cilismwame-
bluri informacia, zviad gamsaxurdias mier, rusis jariT „mxe-
drionelebis“ darbevis Sesaxeb.
ZabiraZe, 1989 wlis 23-24 noembris cxinvalis mSvidobian
aqciebs, Semdgomi eTnokonfliqtis warmoSobisa da teritori-
is dakargvis safuZvlad ganixilavs. amitomac, Tbilisis sportis
sasaxlidan cxinvalisaken avtobusebiT mSvidobian msvlelobas
„laSqrobad“ naTlavs: „verc maSin da verc dRes, am aqciis mowyo-
bidan 9 wlis Semdgom, ver gamigia ra mizans isaxavda igi, risi
miRweva surdaT aqciis organizatorebs?“ (gazeTis №45-Si) kiTx-
ulobs ZabiraZe maSin, roca pasuxi esoden martivia: aqciis mizani
erTi muWa osebis mier daCagrul-Seviwrovebuli qarTvelebis dac-
va da Tanadgoma iyo. zustad iseTive, rogoric manamde, Tbilisis
erovnuli Zalebis mier, soxumSi mravaljeradi mitingebis Catare-
ba mkvidri qarTvelebis TanadgomisaTvis.
cxinvalis aqciis SemTxvevaSic, sabWoTa agenturebis mxridan,
cxadia iyo mcdeloba momitinge qarTvelebisa da osebis sisx-
liani dapirispirebisa, rac aseve gonivrulad iqna acilebuli
zviad gamsaxurdias mier. 23 noembris aqciisadmi Tavisi uaryof-
iTi damokidebuleba edp-m Tavidanve daafiqsirao, brZanebs Zabi-
raZe. im aqciis erT-erTi monawile meca var da warmoidgineT Cemi
gakvirveba, rodesac cxinvalis misadgomTan, Cvens Soris gia Wan-
turia davinaxe, irina sariSvilsa da edp-s sxva wevrebTan erTad.
maSin, gulubryvilod vifiqre, albaT pozicia Seicvales da gulma
aqeT gamouwiaT-meTqi. „pozicia ar Semicvlia, rogorc damkvirve-
353
beli ise movedio“, miTxra giam da TvalebiT viRacas dauwyo Zebna.
iraklis veZebo da, me misi adgili zviadTan mivuTiTe.
zviad gamsaxurdia, avtobiografiul wignSi „saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobisaTvis“, romelmac mosveneba daukarga codvilTa
sulebs, gias gamoCenasTan dakavSirebiT wers: „xalxSi gamoCndnen
gia Wanturia da edp-s sxva wevrebi, romlebic, rogorc maT Tqves,
movidnen damkvirveblebad. gamoCnda, agreTve yofili uSiSroebis
komitetis ufrosi, cks pirveli mdivani gumbariZe. g. Wanturia
konfidencialurad esaubra wereTels, romelmac miTxra, rom
Wanturiam urCia mas, wagverTmia iaraRi Sinagani jarisaTvis da
gangvexorcielebina SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxma cxinvalze. wereTeli
darwmunebuli iyo, rom es provokaciuli azri gumbariZisgan da
kgb-sgan modioda, raTa veiZulebineT dagveRvara sisxli. Cven uari
vTqviT SemoTavazebul gegmaze“ (gv. 107).
rodesac cxinvalidan avtobusebiT vbrundebodiT, CvenTan aR-
moCnda Wanturias edp-s wevri, romelic aRSfoTebas gamoTqvamda
Cveni ukan dabrunebis gamo. unda gagverRvia jariskacebis „kordo-
ni“ da SevWriliyaviT cxinvalSio, iaraRic unda wagverTmia maTT-
viso. me da luiza SakiaSvili SevecadeT agvexsna misTvis, rom es
Cveni mxridan saxifaTo provokacia iqneboda, igi ki uSveri ginebiT
da egzaltirebuli gamoxdomebiT sxva avtobusSi gadavida.
ZabiraZe gulmodgined aris ra mowadinebuli danaSaulebrivi
kvalifikacia mianiWos cxinvalis aqcias, wers: „es aqcia qarTul-os-
uri konfliqtis uSualo detonatori aRmoCndao“. aqciis mraval-
ricxovnoba miznad isaxavda meore mxaris e. i. osebis daSinebaso.
osebis, dRemde gulSematkivar il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis
gamgeobas, Cvenc maTsaviT sabWouri yaidis internacionalistebi
rom viyoT, adekvatur braldebebs wavuyenebdiT: Tqvens mier sox-
umSi Catarebuli mitingebi qarTul-afsuuri konfliqtis uSualo
detonatori aRmoCnda da mitingis mravalricxovnoba afsuebis
daSinebas isaxavda miznado. magram Cven, cxadia, amgvar apoliti-
kur niSnisgebebs ar mivmarTavT, aramed cxinvalis monawile ba-
ton nodar naTaZis werilis „rac vici“ („saqarTvelo“, №4, 1999
w.) detalur aRweras mivapyrobT mkiTxvelis yuradRebas: „verav-
iTari sifrTxile, taqti, TavdaWera Tu TavSekaveba saqarTvelos
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli partiebis mxridan ver Seakavebda
da ver SeaCerebda antiqarTuli moqmedebis da am moqmedebisaTvis
354
mzadebis im gegmazomier process, romelsac zesaxelmwifo afi-
nansebda, Wurvavda da organizebda“. ufro qvemoT ki nodar naTaZe
wers: „dRes bevri siyalbe vrceldeba imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos qa-
rTvelebsa da osebs Soris... 1989 wlis Semodgomamde konfliqti ar
iyo da igi mxolod 23 noembers cxinvalSi Catarebulma mitingma
gamoiwvia. es ar aris marTali... konfliqti... zafxulis Suidanve
ukve iyo... cnobili iyo, rom osebi iaraRdebodnen da rom saqarT-
velos centraluri xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg... dartyma mzadde-
boda“. 1989 wlis 23 noembris mitings, rogorc n. naTaZe aRniSnavs,
uZRoda 1989 wlis 8 ivlisis antiqarTuli mitingi cxinvalSi da
osebis mizanmimarTuli SeiaraReba.
1991 wlis aprilSi, gorbaCovi satelefono saubarSi daemuqra
zviad gamsaxurdias afxazeTsa da oseTSi viTarebis gamwvavebiT,
Tu igi xels ar moawerda axal samokavSireo xelSekrulebas.
Cvens gakvirvebas iwvevs il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis gamgeobis
mxridan didi politikis mitingebze dayvana. samwuxaroa, rom 10
wlis Semdgomac ar Secvlila maTi damokidebuleba zviad gamsaxur-
dias politikisa da misi pirovnebis Sefasebisadmi. arada, dRemde
ganviTarebuli Semdgomi movlenebi, namdvilad iZleva Sexedule-
baTa gadafasebis noyier safuZvels da ufro swori politikuri
daskvnebis gamotanis saSualebas.
ZabiraZe krulviT moixseniebs 1989 wels, „romelmac qarTvel
xalxs mxolod ubedureba da tkivili moutana“ da romelmac da-
sabami misca yvela Semdgom ubedurebas.
1990 welTan dakavSirebiT, ZabiraZis agresiuli gancdebi CvenT-
vis advilad sacnauria. 1989 weli WeSmaritad gaxlavT saqarTve-
los orsaukunovani monobis istoriaSi mkveTri politikuri gar-
datexis weli, romelmac uaxloes momavalSi Sva, sabWoTa kavSiris
istoriaSi uprecendento sayovelTao saxalxo demokratiuli
arCevnebi da erovnuli xelisufleba, referendumi da saqarTve-
los damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqti.
ZabiraZe vera da ver patiobs zviad gamsaxurdias 1990 wlis 25
martis arCevnebis boikotirebas da gazeT „axali saqarTvelos“ sam
nomers am aqtis ganxilvas andomebs (№46,47,48). am arCevnebTan da-
kavSirebiT igi ixsenebs 2 Tebervals, Tamar CxeiZis saxlTan mowyo-
bil aqcias, romlis monawileebi CxeiZes merab kostavas sikvid-
ilTan akavSirebdnen, ris gamoc mis dapatimrebas moiTxovdnen.
355
ZabiraZe acxadebs, rom am aqciiT maT, arCevnebis win, Tamar CxeiZis
daSineba da misTvis uaryofiTi imijis Seqmna undodaTo.
marTali giTxraT, aqamde, is aqcia emociuri xasiaTisa megona
da yovlad gaumarTleblad mimaCnda, Turme – politikuri yofila.
maSinac mimaCnda da dResac aseve mimaCnia, rom 25 martis arCev-
nebi, rogorc sabWouri, unda CaSliliyo da zviad gamsaxurdiam, am
SemTxvevaSic, savsebiT swori gadawyvetileba miiRo, xolo parale-
lurad ganagrZo brZola ufro Rirseuli arasabWouri arCevnebi-
saTvis: permanentuli politikuri aqciebiT komunisturi xelisu-
fleba aiZula Seeqmna pirobebi arCevnebSi radikaluri opoziciis
monawileobisaTvis. manamde ki xelisufleba iRvwoda, 25 martis
arCevnebiT, Camoeyalibebina patriotuli Seferilobis (da ara
erovnuli ideisa da suliskveTebis) parlamenti. amgvar „xatad“
maT xalxs warudgines Semdegi deputatebis kandidatebi: nodar na-
TaZe, daTo turaSvili, Tengiz kikaCeiSvili, guZa afaqiZe, revaz
jafariZe, jansuR Carkviani, lia bedoSvili, vaxtang goguaZe,
vaxtang kikabiZe da sxvebi.
12 marts gazeT „komunistsa“ da „TbilisSi“ ukve gamoqveynda
registraciaSi gavlili deputatobis kandidatTa siebi. xelisu-
flebam saTanadod ver Seafasa erovnuli Zalebis mier saarCevnod
Seqmnili eleqtoratis politikuri ganwyoba, rasac Sedegad mohy-
va is, rom 25 martis arCevnebi CaiSala, xelisuflebis saarCevno
faci-fucma kraxi ganicada.
ZabiraZis mier moxmobili baltiispireTis modeli („saxalxo
frontis“ kandidatebiT xelisuflebaSi umravlesobis mopovebis)
saqarTvelosTvis yovlad uperspeqtivo gaxldaT im realobidan
gamomdinare, rom „baltiispireTSi amgvar models Sedegi hqonda
evropasTan siaxlovis gamo – nu dagvaviwydeba, rom evropa mas epy-
roboda, rogorc RviZl Svils, xolo saqarTvelos – rogorc iZu-
lebiT naSvileb gers. garda amisa, iq ar yofila iseTi polarize-
ba komunistebsa da arakomunistebs Soris, rogorc saqarTveloSi“
(konstantine gamsaxurdia „dinebis sawinaaRmdegod“).
ideaTa da mrwamsTa polarizebam, mogvianebiT, mainc Seasrula
Tavisi sabediswero roli.
amdenad, arCevnebis gadaweviT, rogorc ZabiraZe wuxs (№46, me-5
sveti) Cven dro ki ar davkargeT, aramed movigeT im Tvalsazris-
iT, rom Seiqmna pirobebi arCevnebSi erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebe-
356
li moZraobis warmomadgenelTa monawileobisaTvis. Cvens Soris
uTanxmoebis inspirireba ki arasodes uWirda kremls da arc ara-
sodes gauWirdeba Cveni moSurne bunebis gamo.
ZabiraZe 28 oqtombris arCevnebSi respublikuri partiis siiT
iyrida kenWs, manam igi il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis wevri iyo,
axlaxan ki „dasis“ wevrad mogvevlina. es ise – misi politikuri
StrixisaTvis. werilSi ki ZabiraZe agrZelebs: „erovnulma forum-
ma litvis damoukidebloba fiqciad gamoacxadao“. litvis damou-
kideblobis naCqarevma gamocxadebam marTlac eWvqveS daayena misi
saerTaSoriso aRiarebis sakiTxi da ai, ratom: „msoflio politika
damoukideblad scnobs qveyanas mxolod Semdegi pirobebis iurid-
iuli da faqtiuri Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi – a) qveynis mosaxleo-
bis absoluturi umravlesobis mier aSkarad gamoxatuli neba; b)
qveynis teritoriis iuridiulad dadgenili sazRvrebi da g) qvey-
nis damoukidebeli mTavrobis sruli suvereniteti (kontroli)
mis mTel teritoriaze. am pirobaTa Seusrulebloba arTulebs
litvis damoukideblobis deklaraciis cnobas im saxelmwifoeb-
Sic ki, romlebsac baltiis qveynebi arasodes uRiarebiaT sabWoTa
kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi“, naTqvamia „mrgvali magidis politikur
koncefciaSi“. amitom ibrZoda, zviad gamsaxurdia, arCevnebamde
politikur-samarTlebrivi safuZvlebis SeqmnisaTvis.
ZabiraZe mizandasaxulad cdilobs mcdari, negatiuri warmod-
gena Seuqmnas momaval Taobebs zviad gamsaxurdias pirovnebaze:
„z. gamsaxurdia „mxedrions“ maSin gaemijna, rodesac Seiqmna misi
mxardamWeri, aseve naxevrad gasamxedroebuli – „m. kostavas sazo-
gadoeba“. mxedrioni Tavis ambiciebiT da lideriT misTvis ukve
zedmeti iyoo“ (№2(27) sqolio). zviad gamsaxurdias „mxedrionTan“
gamijvnis namdvils mizezs 1990 wlis 24 aprilis skandaluri inci-
denti warmoadgenda (gasrola imelTan), romlis moxdenamde, merab
kostavas sazogadoeba ukve 3 Tvis Seqmnili iyo (igi dafuZnda 1990
wlis 19 ianvars).
ZabiraZis werilebi qronologiuri xasiaTisaa da albaT amito-
mac CamorCeba dros. mas ar sjera, rom „sabWoTa jariTa da agen-
turiT savse qveyanaSi SesaZlebeli gaxdes arasabWouri arCevnebis
Catareba“. am imedgadawuruli daskvnis SemoTavazebis Semdgom
sqolio 2-Si igi wers: „mas Semdeg saqarTveloSi bevri ram Seicva-
la, ara erTi arCevnebi Catarda, magram Tu gulwrfeli viqnebiT,
357
unda vTqvaT, rom arc erTi es arCevnebi ar yofila Tavisufali da
demokratiulio“ (№2(47). ase jaxiriT monacvleobs droSi ZabiraZe
da Tavis SefasebaSi iqneb gulwrfelic aris, magram politikuri
xedva da samarTlebrivi aRqma aSkarad aklia, Torem aseT kazuss
namdvilad ar SemogvTavazebda – 28 oqtombris arCevnebs ar gaai-
givebda xuntis 11 oqtombrisa da 5 noembris arCevnebTan. Tumca,
misi amgvari arasamarTlebrivi Sefaseba gazeTis momdevno nomer-
Si (№3(48) xdeba sacnauri: „piradad CemTvis didi mniSvneloba ar
hqonda „sabWouri“ daerqmeoda am arCevnebs, Tu „arasabWouri“,
mTavari iyo misi Catarebis uzrunvelyofa...“(sveti I).
diax, Cven zemoT usafuZvlod ar daveWvebulvarT ZabiraZis
politikur siRrmeSi, risi mizeziTac ver gaiazra man respublik-
isTvis, arCevnebis win status-qvos (sabWoTa socialisturi) Secv-
lis politikur-samarTlebrivi mniSvnelobac da cinikur xasiaT-
ze daayena igi: „netar arian morwmuneebi, romelTac sjeraT, rom
saxelis gadarqmeviT SesaZlebelia sagnis arsi da buneba Seicvalo-
so...“ (№2(47) me-4 sveti).
am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT „mrgvali magidis politikur kon-
cefciaSi“ vkiTxulobT: „... arasabWouri mravalpartiuli demokra-
tiuli arCevnebis Casatareblad saqarTveloSi unda arsebobdes
Sesabamisi politikuri situacia, romlisTvisac ramodenime wina-
pirobaa aucilebeli: 1. saqarTvelom unda SeiZinos Tavisi real-
uri politikuri mdgomareobis Sesabamisi politikuri statusi.
amisaTvis saqarTvelos unda Seecvalos SeiaraRebuli agresiisa
da aneqsiis Sedegad Tavsmoxveuli ukanono saxeli – saqarTvelos
sabWoTa socialisturi respublika.
2. ... qveynis saxelwodebis Secvla (bunebrivia, Seicvleba saxel-
mwifo simbolikac) faqtobrivad niSnavs gardamavali periodis iu-
ridiul damtkicebas, radgan saqarTvelos respublika – arasabWo-
Ta da arasocialisturi iuridiulad veRar CaiTvleba sabWoTa
socialisturi respublikis kavSiris SemdagenlobaSi myofad“.
axla imis Sesaxeb, marTla hqonda Tu ara mniSvneloba, arCevnebi
sabWouri iqneboda, Tu arasabWouri. am umniSvnelovan sakiTxTan
dakavSirebiTac igive „mrgvali magidis politikur koncefciaSi“
vkiTxulobT: „imisaTvis, rom kanonierad warimarTos saqarTvelos
gardamavali periodi, aucilebelia misi kanonierad dawyeba... ami-
tom aucileblad migvaCnia gardamavali etapis aucilebel werti-
358
lad gavixadoT 1920 wlis 7 maisis xelSekruleba da 1921 wlis 27
ianvris erTa ligis gadawyvetileba saqarTvelos demokratiuli
respublikis saerTaSoriso suverenad cnobis Sesaxeb da ara saka-
vSiro Tu respublikuri konstituciebis „kargi“ Tu „cudi“ mux-
lebi... amdenad, saqarTvelos dRevandeli uzenaesi sabWo verafriT
ver iqneba saqarTvelos kanonieri mosaxleobis nebis gamomxatve-
li. swored amitom savsebiT samarTlianad ambobs uars saqarTve-
los erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis radikaluri frTa
arCevnebSi monawileobaze da ara axirebis gamo“.
ZabiraZe Cveuli emociuri simZafriT gmobs radikaluri
opoziciis mier samtrediis rkinigzis piketirebas (№2(47), (48). re-
alurad, am radikalurma aqciam gadamwyveti roli Seasrula sayov-
elTao, arasabWouri, demokratiuli arCevnebis daniSvnis sakiTx-
Si. aqedan gamomdinare imdenad didia samtrediis rkinigzis aqciis
politikuri mniSvneloba, gardamavali periodis safuZvlianad
momzadebis sakiTxSi, rom veranairi ekonomikuri droebiTi TviT-
blokada ver daCrdilavs mas. an ki, marTlac imgvarad iyo saqme,
rogorc ZabiraZe warmoaCens? „namdvili erovnuli moZraoba“ sam-
trediaSi piketirebas ukeTebs rkinigzas da amiT Tavad ucxadebs
blokadas moskovs da Semdeg sqolioSi (3) agrZelebs: „...anu akeTe-
ben imas, rasac ruseTi moimoqmedebda, Tu Cven damoukideblobas,
gamovacxadebdiT“.
oficiozs xalxi SecdomaSi Sehyavda, roca arwmunebda, rom
TiTqos „samtrediis aqciis“ brali iyo saqarTveloSi sakvebi pro-
duqtebisa da navTobproduqtebis deficiti. ramdeni xania, rac
aqcia damTavrda, magram saqarTveloSi arc sakvebi produqtebia
da arc benzini. saocar erTsulovnebas iCenen „samtrediis aqci-
is“ SefasebaSi oficiozi, sakoordinacio centri da inteligenciis
zogierTi warmomadgeneli. isini xelsayrel SemTxvevas ar uSveben,
rom akritikon es aqcia; oficiozis mxridan es kritika gasagebia,
magram sakoordinacio centris (e. i. erovnuli Zalebis) mxridan
ki „samtrediis aqciis“ kritika, rbilad rom vTqvaT, politikuri
spekulaciaa qulebis daweris mizniT.
maSin, rodesac saqarTvelos erovnul moZraobas surs, rom
de faqtod arsebulma mTavrobam daarRvios yovelgvari savaWro
urTierToba ukrainasTan, belorusiasTan da ruseTis im olqebTan,
romlebmac ganicades Cernobilis zegavlena, xdeba piriqiT, mTav-
359
roba erisagan malulad debs axal samokavSireo xelSekrulebebs
xsenebul respublikebTan. jerjerobiT xelSekruleba daido
rsfsr da azerbaijanTan. ar aris gamoricxuli, rom aseTive xe-
lSekruleba daideba ukrainasTan, belorusiasTan da yvela sxva
respublikebTan. ase amgvarad, qarTveli eri gaebmeba monobis axal
uRelSi da gagrZeldeba mis mimarT warmoebuli „biologiuri omi“.
rogorc viciT, sabWoTa periodidan moyolebuli biologiuri omi
saqarTvelos mimarT dRemde ar Sewyvetila da mis katastroful
Sedegebsac TandaTan ufro mwvaved vimkiT sxvadasxva daavadebebis
gavrcelebiT.
ZabiraZe, zemoganxiluli sakiTxis qvemoT ganixilavs 1989 wlis
31 maisis universitetis studentebis SimSilobis aqciasac da Cveu-
li gulmodginebiT eWvqveS ayenebs studentebis Tavganwirvasa da
patriotizms. aSkarad Canda „xelisuflebac dainteresebuli iyo
aqciis agorebiTo“.
Cven ki dabejiTebiT SegviZlia ganvacxadoT, rom 20 ivnisis
sesiis mowveva xelisuflebas aiZula 31 maiss universitetSi daw-
yebulma 5 studentis uvado SimSilobam (emzar goguaZe da sxv.),
mTavrobis sasaxlesTan „mrgvali magidis “ wevrebis SimSilobam da
moskovis qarTuli saTvistomos warmomadgenelTa SimSilobis aqci-
am „mziurSi“. amgvari radikaluri saprotesto aqciebis zewoliT,
20 ivnisis ssr uzenaesi sabWos sesiam miiRo mravalpartiuli
saarCevno kanonproeqtis erToblivad (opoziciis Tanamonawil-
eobiT) SemuSavebis gadawyvetileba... riTac aSkarad ukmayofiloa
ZabiraZe da Taviseburi daskvnebic gamoaqvs: „... iseTi STabeWdile-
ba iqmneba, rom saqarTveloSi xelisufleba ukve aRar arsebobs da
yvelafers „mrgvali magida“ akontrolebs. iqneb moskovi Seegua
saqarTveloSi erovnuli Zalebis gamarjvebas?... iqneb CvenTan yve-
laferi ise midis, rogorc mas surs?“ am damaintrigebeli kiTxviT
amTavrebs werilis am nawils igi (?2(47), me-3 sveti).
diax, ZabiraZeebis Tvalwin daujerebeli politikuri procese-
bi mimdinareobs: erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis ra-
dikaluri frTa „mrgvali magida“ dRiTi dRe mZlavrobs da xe-
lisuflebis marTvis sadaveebiskenac energiulad miiwevs, risi
namdvilobisac ZabiraZesa da mis jgufs ar sjera, radgan maTTvis
ucxoa amgvari radikalizmi da Tavganwiruli SemarTeba, isini ki
„zomierebi“ arian da imperiuli saxelmwifos politikur kurss
360
ar ewinaaRmdegebian. miuxedavad imisa, rom gorbaCoviseuli pere-
stroika ukve Tavis aqtiur fazaSia, rac TviT kremlSic aSkarad
da saxifaTod kritikul situacias xdis. revoluciuri procesebi
mimdinareobs Sua aRmosavleT evropaSic, ruseTi mTlianad hkar-
gavs gavlenas am qveynebze, riTac dasavleTic arsebiTadaa daint-
eresebuli. saqarTvelosTvis jerovnad, arc ruseTs scalia da arc
dasavleTs. zviad gamsaxurdia am viTarebaSi, droSic da sivrceSic
maqsimalurad eswrafvis „saSinao“ (ruseTis) da sagareo (evropis)
viTareba saqarTvelos sasikeTod warmarTos, rac gansazRvravs
mis gaaqtiurebas: weliwadnaxevriani permanentuli saprotesto
aqciebiT da am aqciebSi TiTqmis mTeli qarTveli eris CarTviT,
zviadma miaRwia adgilobrivi xelisuflebis mniSvnelovnad dasus-
tebas da marTvis sadaveebis TiTqmis Tavis xelSi aRebas, rac sab-
olood 28 oqtombris sayovelTao, saxalxo demokratiuli arCev-
nebiT dagvirgvinda.
diax, zviad gamsaxurdias liderobiT arsebobda saqarTveloSi
mZlavri erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba, anu radikalu-
ri opozicia da arsebobdnen erovnuli impotentebic, romlebsac
akrTobdaT riski, samagierod xelewifebodaT sxvadasxvagvari in-
trigebi da zurgSi maxvilis Cacema. aseTebs, arc arasodes eyofaT
vaJkacoba aRiaron zviad gamsaxurdias sidiade. am „perspeqtiviT“,
kvlavac iqneba mcdelobebi zviad gamsaxurdias moRvaweobis re-
viziisa da usamarTlo kritikis. fsevdo-erovnuli da sabWouri
yaidis internacionalistebi dRemde ver grZnoben demografiuli
eqspansiis katastroful safrTxes da kvlav deportirebuli mesx-
eTeli TurqebiT (da ara, Turqi-mesxebis) repatriaciis urapatri-
ot ideologebad gvevlinebian. Cven, cxadia, maTSi ar vgulisxmobT
mesxebis im mcire nawils, romelTa dabrunebis momxre viyaviT da
viqnebiT kvlavac da Sesabamisadac viRvawebT.
il.WavWavaZis sazogadoebis gamgeobis siZulvili zviad gamsax-
urdias mimarT, kondicias aRwevs televiziiT misi xSiri xsenebis
gamoc, rasac opozicia „reklamirebas lanZRviT“ uwodebs da spe-
cialuri weriliT mimarTaven televiziis Tavmjdomare arCil go-
gelias: „Tuki xelisufleba marTla „ebrZvis“ z. gamsaxurdias...
da misi mokvla unda, ra iseTi mouxelTebeli fantomasia zviad
gamsaxurdia? `suk~-s, romlisTvisac mkvleloba da yovelgvari
361
bneli saqmianoba mTeli msoflios masStabiT ubralo ana banaa,
ra gauxda erTi xeiriani bombis Sovna...“ da a. S.
„keTilmosurne patriotebs“, radgan ver mimxvdaran, Tu raSi
mdgomareobda zviad gamsaxurdias pirdapiri likvidaciis siZnele,
movaxseneb, rom kgb, arc arasodes yofila aseTi xisti maTTvis
arasasurvel, cnobil pirovnebebTan mimarTebaSi. kgb-m Tavisi
daxvewili siverage savsebiT daadastura, zviad gamsaxurdias erT
mivardnil-miyruebul sofelSi (jixaSkarSi) likvidaciiT, riTac
albaT, aw mainc, friad kmayofilni arian il. WavWavaZis gamgeobis
wevrebi. sulmnaTi ilia WavWavaZe ki, uTuod saflavSi Zrwis misi
saxelis gamo...
ZabiraZe wers ra erovnuli moZraobis mimarT xelisuflebis
provokaciebze, askvnis: provokaciaTa kaskadma „erovnuli moZrao-
ba TiTqmis nulamde daiyvanao“ (№3(48), sqolio 3), rasac agreTve
ver gaviziarebT, radgan erovnuli moZraobis sagrZnoblad SeTx-
eleba (da aramc da aramc nulamde dayvana) ganapiroba xuntis-
tur-diqtatoruli reJimis 7-wlianma permanentulma represiebma,
ramac daTrguna da daasusta moZraoba, magram ver Cakla!
zviad ganmaTavisufleblebi marto aRmovCndiT SevardnaZis an-
tierovnul-kapitulanturi xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg 7-wlian Tav-
ganwirul brZolaSi; erovnuli moZraobidan gandgomilTagan, ara-
vin cdila Cvens sityvier dacvasac ki, aramed – xelisuflebasTan
erTad ganagrZobdnen ideologiur laSqrobas Cvens winaaRmdeg.
ZabiraZe, erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis kritikis er-
TaderT argumentad, bolomde iyenebs ra il. WavWavaZis sazoga-
doebis gazeT „iverias“ – „axali saqarTvelos“ №4(49)-Sic ganagr-
Zobs „iveriis“ publikaciebis vrclad gamoqveynebas, anu sakuTari
kudis damowmebas zviad gamsaxurdias agenturuli moRvaweobis
„dasturad“. yuradsaRebia, rom ZabiraZis mier gamoqveynebul „iv-
eriis“ paskvilebs, rogorc wesi, arc erTs avtori ara hyavs da
yvela anonimuria, magram ZabiraZisaTvis maT mainc mtkicebulobis
Zala gaaCnia.
albaT, anonimurobis damcavi meqanizmiT unda avxsnaT, faru-
li avtorebis aRviraxsnili qiliki da ciliswamebebi erovnuli
moZraobis yovelgvar miRwevasa da monapovarze. ZabiraZisa da
misi jgufisaTvis, erovnuli moZraobis Zalisxmeva, paTosi da su-
liskveTeba, komediis Janrad qceula da mis mogonebaze dResac
362
Rimili erevaT, Turme! laparakia, 1990 wlis 17-18 agvistos ssr
uzenaesi sabWos istoriul sesiaze, romelic agreTve mowveul iqna
erovnuli moZraobis radikaluri frTis zewoliT. „sesia komikur
situaciaSi mimdinareobdao“, wers ZabiraZe, xolo mis mier gazeT
„iveriidan“ moyvanil citataSi ki vkiTxulobT: „SesaniSnavi reJi-
sura, brwyinvale msaxiobebi, didebuli speqtakli – ase SeiZleba
davaxasiaToT 17-18 agvistos TbilisSi mimdinare saqarTvelos ssr
uzenaesi sabWos sesia“.
aSkaraa, „zomierebad“ monaTluli cvedani opoziciisaTvis
yovlad ucxo da miuRebelia sayovelTao erovnuli daumor-
Cileblobis muxtiT da protestis niSniT warmarTuli politikuri
aqciebi. 1989-90 weli, akorduli 17-18 agvistos damagvirgvinebeli
aqciiT, WeSmaritad gaxldaT qarTveli xalxis erovnuli energi-
is morigi sisxlsavse demonstrireba, razec naTlad metyveleben
SemorCenili video-kadrebi da ZabiraZeebi verafriT daCrdilaven
mas. da mainc, realurad ra iyo 17-18 agvistos sesiis mimdinare-
obis dros momitingeTa esodeni mRelvarebis mizezi? amis Sesaxeb
srul informacias gvawvdis „mrgvali magidis“ memorandumi: „xeli-
suflebam 17-18 agvistos, sesiis muSaobis dReebSi, kvlav mimarTa
misTvis Cveul, magram amjerad Tavisi xasiaTiT yvelaze mzakvrul
xerxs: faqtiurad daadga xalxisa da demokratiis aSkara Ralatis
gzas, rodesac sesiaze Seecada daerRvia yvela is arsebiTi punqti,
romelic erToblivad iyo miRebuli sakonsultacio komisiis mier
gonivruli kompromisis safuZvelze. Tavisi am moRalaturi moq-
medebiT man katastrofis winaSe daayena, rogorc saarCevno kan-
onis, aseve mTlianad qarTveli xalxis bedi. xelisufalTa amgvar
xriks daupirispirda Cveni eris neba da maRali politikuri Seg-
neba. es iyo erovnuli opoziciis didi zneobrivi da politikuri
gamarjveba. kidev erTxel dadasturda, rom qarTvel xalxs surs
da unaric Seswevs, Caataros WeSmaritad demokratiuli, mraval-
partiuli da arasabWouri arCevnebi“.
axla vnaxoT, rogor aRwers qveynis momavlisaTvis esoden sa-
sicocxlo mniSvnelobis sesiis mimdinareobas, ZabiraZis erTader-
Ti werilobiTi wyaro „iveria“: „iyo ayal-mayali, Sexla-Semoxla,
gawev-gamoweva, gaqcev-gamoqceva, qvisa da talaxis srola, mok-
led, xalxma udidesi siamovneba miiRo da, rac mTavaria „namdvili
gamarjvebac“ izeima“.
363
diax, Soridan mayurebel da saeWvod mSvid „opozicias“, mTav-
robis sasaxlis win mimdinare sisxlsavse aqciebTan araferi aka-
vSirebda; Sesabamisad, arc araferi darCenoda, garda qilikisa.
Tavganwiruli momitingeni ki xelisuflebis Tavxeduri aqtiT aRS-
foTebulni lamis SeiWrnen mTavrobis sasaxleSi. amgvari saxifaTo
daZabuloba kvlav zviad gamsaxurdiam ganmuxta dapirebiT, rom igi
Seecdeboda mieRwia sesiaze gamosvlisTvis, riTac aiZulebda xe-
lisuflebas winaswari SeTanxmebis Sesrulebas. im mZlavri, gadam-
wyveti aqciis erT-erTi aqtiuri monawile mec var da es istori-
uli dRe RirsebiT mavsebs.
cnobilia, rom zviad gamsaxurdiam erTianobis mizniT, arCevne-
bamde, baton akaki baqraZesa da baton nodar naTaZes SesTavaza er-
Tiani antikomunisturi blokis Seqmna, razec maT uari ganacxades.
ZabiraZe ki wers, TiTqos amgvari winadadeba Tavad nodar naTaZem
da akaki baqraZem SesTavazes baton zviads, magram es idea „mrgval-
ma magidam“ CaSalao, rac arasworia!
№5(50)-Si, ZabiraZe, ZiriTadad exeba kongresisa da uzenaesi
sabWos arCevnebs da opoziciis mier destabilizaciis Seqmnas, ra-
Sic agreTve erovnul xelisuflebas adanaSaulebs da dabejiTebiT
cdilobs, zviad gamsaxurdia araerovnul da agenturul Zalad
warmoadginos. amisaTvis mas „mtkicebulebad“ kvlav televiziis
„mxardaWera“ mohyavs, rac zviad gamsaxurdias lanZRva-ganqiqebaSi
gamoixateboda, magram, rogorc zemoT davinaxeT, maT esec SeSure-
biaT da Taviseburi Sefasebac miuciaT: „reklama lanZRviT“.
zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, televiziis mu-
SakTa ukve namdvil amxedrebas ki „Rrmad dakvirvebuli“ ZabiraZe
amgvarad afasebs: „televiziis muSakTa erTi nawilis qmedebas ma-
Sinac, roca isini mxars uWerdnen z. gamsaxurdias da maSinac, roca
isini z. gamsaxurdias daupirispirdnen, uxilavi diriJoris xeli
warmarTavda“. es ki, albaT is SemTxvevaa, roca im „uxilav diri-
Jors“ zviad gamsaxurdias xelisufleba ar awyobda. maS, riRasTvis
moiyvana? ikiTxavs ZabiraZis logikis mimdevari, magram veWvob, Tav-
ad ZabiraZes, am xist kiTxvaze raime damajerebeli pasuxi gaaCndes.
mas mxolod damaintrigebeli siuJetebis SeTxzva SeuZlia. mizans,
nawilobriv, xom mainc aRwevs?...
axla kongresis funqciac gavarkvioT.
364
rogorc viciT, zviad gamsaxurdias, kongresis arCeva, yovlad
gaumarTleblad miaCnda mTeli rigi politikuri da samarTlebrivi
mosazrebebis gamo: 1.sabWoTa reJimis pirobebSi kongresis arCevne-
bi ver iqneboda erTaderTi; 2.araoficialur kongresis arCevnebSi
saTuo iyo mosaxleobis umravlesobis monawileoba, ris gamoc igi
ver iqneboda sayovelao; 3.araoficialuri arCevnebi ver gaxdebo-
da saerTaSoriso samarTlis mqone subieqti.
amgvarad, araoficialuri kongresis arCevnebi, marTalia ixsni-
da sabWourobis laqas, magram samarTalsubieqtobis TvalsazrisiT
qmnida vakuums. amitom, zviad gamsaxurdiam, arCevnebis Catarebis
ori Teoriuli (araoficialuri da oficialuri) SesaZleblo-
bidan airCia pirveli – oficialuri arCevnebi da 28 oqtombram-
de, agreTve igic, TiTqmis srulad ganwminda sabWouri laqebisa-
gan. kerZod; erovnuli Zalebis zewoli Sedegad mowveulma 1990
wlis 9 martis sesiam gaauqma yvela moqmedi ZiriTadi sabWouri
xelSekruleba, aRiara ra 1921 wlis TebervalSi sabWoTa ruseTis
jarebis mier saqarTvelos okupacia-aneqsiis faqti, gaauqma 1922
wlis 12 martis da 1924 wlis 24 maisis samokavSireo xelSekrule-
bebi da sxva.
erisa da qveynis intersebis gaTvaliswinebiT, dapirispirebul
Zalebs, TiTqos uari unda eTqvaT „kongresis“ arCevnebze da monaw-
ileoba mieRoT 28 oqtombris arCevnebSi, magram es destruqciuli
Zalebi, srulad „erovnul kongresSi“ aRmoCndnen. kongresSi ki am
mtruli Zalebis mier akumulireba moxda SuRlisa da ngrevis im-
pulsis. amgvarad damuxtulma „kongresma“ ki, erovnuli xelisu-
flebis SeiaraRebuli gziT damxobiT amowura Tavisi funqcia da
daiSala.
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisufleba ki saxalxo xelisu-
fleba gaxldaT da igi ar daSorebia (ar mowyvetia) xalxs. zviad
gamsaxurdia politikuri mrwamsiT qristian-demokrati iyo, ro-
melsac mouwia Sexla srulyofil borotebasTan, rasac sabolood
gaecala igi.
Cems gakvirvebas iwvevs gansaxilveli masalis moculoba, ris
beWdvasac ase „gmirulad“ uZlebs saSualo formatis 16-gverd-
iani gazeTi „axali saqarTvelo“, romelmac, ZabiraZis werilebs, am
droisaTvis ukve 20 nomeri uZRvna. aSkaraa, avtorisaTvis masala
gazeTis redaqtoris mieraa SekveTili, ris gamoc, zviadis xeli-
365
suflebis moZule gazeTis redaqtorma nodar grigalaSvilma,
winamdebare polemikis masTan dabeWdvis saSualeba ar momca da
gazeT „gauxmaurebel faqtebSi“ mivitane.
„axali saqarTvelos“ №6(51)-Si, ZabiraZe ganagrZobs erovnuli
xelisuflebis ganqiqebas, warmoaCens erovnuli xelisuflebis „da-
naSaulebriv“ rols opoziciasTan mimarTebaSi, qmnis xelisuflebis
diqtatorul saxes. am mizniT igi laparakobs xelisuflebis mier,
viTomcda Tavdasxmebze opoziciis mimarT da „mxedrionis“, viTomc-
da ganadgurebaze. „mxedrionis“ ganadgureba ki, pirdapiri mniS-
vnelobiT Tu romeli xelisuflebis mier gaxorcielda (maTTvis
musris gavlebiT: sadarbazoebsa Tu quCebSi ZaRlebiviT CaxocviT,
sadalaqoebsa Tu manqanebSi afeTqebebiT, afxazeTis omSi tyviebis
zurgSi sroliT da a. S.), es dRevandelma sazogadoebriobam zed-
miwevniT kargad uwyis da ZabiraZis umisamarTo braldebebi maT
mxolod gaakvirvebs.
jaba ioseliani xangrZliv patimrobebSi hyavda komunistur xe-
lisuflebas, xanmokle patimrobaSi erovnul xelisuflebas, rom-
lis gaTavisuflebas Tavadac didsulovnad apirebda damoukide-
blobis aqtebis miRebis Semdgom. patimris xvedri, jaba ioselianma,
Tavad ganimzada sakuTari cxovrebis wesiT da rogorc davrw-
mundiT, misTvis cixe sulac ar iyo tragedia, aramed cxovrebis
wesi. jaba, uTuod, im dRis mTvarezea dabadebuli, romliTac be-
diswerad ganesazRvra: „dabadebuli ymawvili fermkrTali da qur-
di gamovides“.
erovnuli xelisufleba, diax, uars ambobda „kriminaluri in-
teligenciisa“ da „agenturuli inteligenciis“ sazogadoebaze
da aSenebda znekeTil, ganaTlebul, RvTismosav da erovnuli su-
liskveTebiT ganmsWvalul sazogadoebas, rogorc qveynis damou-
kideblobisa, da saxelmwifoebrivi simtkicis saimedo saxes da ga-
rants.
ZabiraZe ganixilavs uzenaesi sabWos sesiis mier saprezidento
Tanamdebobis SemoRebisa da am Tanamdebobaze baton zviad gam-
saxurdias wardgenis faqts, rasTan dakavSirebiTac acxadebs, rom
„am faqtma axali impulsi misca dapirispirebas xelisuflebasa da
opozicias Soris da ZiriTadad gansazRvra, saqarTveloSi, Semd-
gomSi ganviTarebuli politikuri procesebi, radgan ar iyo argu-
366
mentirebulad dasabuTebuli prezidentis institutis SemoRebis
aucilebloba (xelisuflebas amisTvis Tavi ar SeuwuxebiaT)“.
radgan „opoziciam“ Tavad ver gaanaliza axladgamocxadebuli
damoukidebeli qveynis simtkicisaTvis, Tu ra mniSvneloba hqonda
prezidentis institutis SemoRebas, Tavad prezidentobis kandi-
datma batonma zviad gamsaxurdiam Seiwuxa Tavi da 1991 wlis 28
aprils, saqarTvelos televiziiT savsebiT srulad da gasagebad
ganmarta, rom „ar minda vtovebde STabeWdilebas iseTi adamian-
isas, romlis cxovrebis umTavresi mizani prezidentobaa. ara-
sodes mqonia aseTi miznebi... kremls ar surs saqarTvelos hya-
vdes xalxis mier arCeuli prezidenti, vinaidan es ganamtkicebs
saqarTvelos poziciebs saerTaSoriso asparezze da daaCqarebs
saqarTvelos cnobas – diplomatiur cnobas msoflios saxelm-
wifoebis mier. ai, am mizeziT yovelgvar zomebs Rebuloben, rom
ar dauSvan saqarTveloSi es arCevnebi... saprezidento arCevnebi
imdenadve mniSvnelovania saqarTvelosTvis, rogorc referen-
dumi da rogorc damoukideblobis deklaracia“. WeSmaritad!
magram surdaT ki saqarTvelos Sinaur mtrebs, opozicias da-
moukidebeli saqarTvelos poziciebis ganmtkiceba saerTaSoriso
asparezze da misi diplomatiuri cnoba msoflio saxelmwifoe-
bis mier? ar surdaT! amitomac qmnidnen destabilizacias, xels
uwyobdnen da aqezebdnen kriminals, aqtiurad nergavdnen azrs, rom
zviad gamsaxurdias prezidentobis pirobebSi saqarTvelos damou-
kideblobas ar scnobs msoflios saxelmwifoebio. aseT viTareba-
Si, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ukiduresi Zalisxmeva dasWirda,
raTa qveyanaSi mieRwia SedarebiT stabilurobas, rom dawyebuliyo
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis cnobis procesi, rac daiwyo kidec
agvistos Tvidan, ramac ganapiroba kremlis SeiaraRebuli agresia
saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT, romlis dasayrdens
qveynis Sinauri mtrebi, anu „opozicionerebi“ warmoadgendnen.
ZabiraZem SeTxza ra miTi zviad gamsaxurdias diqtatorobis
Sesaxeb, agreTve alogikurad miiCnevs „mrgvali magidelebis“ 9
aprilis mowodebas erovnuli daumorCileblobis Sesaxeb.
prezidenti gamsaxurdia, imave satelevizio gamosvlaSi am kri-
tikul faqtsac exeba:
„..Cveni oponentebi amboben, agreTve, TiTqos Cven erovnuli
daumorCileblobis gamocxadebiT TviTblokadas veweodeT. esec
367
demagogiuri da provokaciuli gancxadebaa,megobrebo, vinaidan
cnobilia, Tu ra did zians ayenebs Cvens mier gamocxadebuli
erovnuli da samoqalaqo daumorCilebloba upirveles yovlisa
sabWoTa ekonomikas, razedac metyvelebs is werilebi da depeSe-
bi, romlebic modis saqarTveloSi centridan. upirveles yovlisa
aRsaniSnavia ssrk ministrTa sabWos Tavmjomaris moadgilis dogu-
Jievis telegrama, sadac naTqvamia, rom sabWoTa ekonomikas udide-
si ziani miayena Cvenma rkinigzelTa gaficvam, doguJievi kategori-
ulad moiTxovs am gaficvis Sewyvetas. sxvadasxva sawarmoebidanac
modis depeSebi. yovelive es gamoqveyndeba presaSi. marTalia, arc
is ar aris dasamali, rom Cveni ekonomikis interesebic ziandeba,
magram msxverplis gareSe Tavisufleba aravis moupovebia. amitom
gTxovT nu ahyvebiT demagogebs, kapitulantebis mowodebebs, rom
xeli aviRoT Cvens brZolaze da davnebdeT kremls. ase, rom, aq
elastiurobis gamovlineba da yovelgvari lavireba migviyvans
mxolod erovnuli interesebis Ralatamde. Cven ar vapirebT ga-
davuxvioT im gezs, romelic aviReT damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
aRorZinebisaTvis brZolaSi“.
opozicionerebsa Tu verag demagogebs, TavianTi intriganuli
gamoxdomebiT surdaT, Cveni brZola rogorme SeeferxebinaT, ma-
gram, sabednierod, WeSmariti erovnuli Zalebis saRma azrma da
politikurma midgomebma gaimarjves. Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgena, mTlianad, radikaluri
opoziciis monapovaria. rom ara, radikaluri Zalebis mizandasax-
uli brZola, imperiis marwuxebisagan sabolood ver gavTavisufl-
debodiT. unda vicodeT, rom strategiuli mniSvnelobis sakiTx-
ebTan mimarTebaSi, zomieri midgoma uperspeqtivo, araseriozuli
midgomaa da unda gamoiricxos.
ZabiraZe cruobs, rodesac wers, rom saprezidento arCevnebSi,
zviad gamsaxurdias alternativad – valerian advaZe, nodar na-
TaZe, Tamaz kvaWantiraZe, yorRanaSvili da liparteliani – kenWs
martooden imisTvis iyridnen, rom saSualeba miscemodaT, saarCev-
no periodSi televiziiT esargeblaT, radgan maT „diqtatori gam-
saxurdia“, sxva SemTxvevaSi televiziiT gamosvlis saSualebas ar
aZlevdao. amaSic cruobT, batono ZabiraZev! Tqvens mier xsenebu-
li kandidatebis upirvelesi mizani iyo, is aTeuli xmebi, romlebic
maT moipoves – daekloT gamsaxurdiasaTvis, xolo televiziiT
368
moexdinaT misi diskreditacia da gaeCaRebinaT informaciuli omi
misi, rogorc realuri saprezidento kandidatis winaaRmdeg.
TiTqmis quCaSi dasaxlebul „opozicias“, mitingebiTa Tu
opoziciuri gazeTebiT sruli saSualeba hqondaT (maT mitingebs
aravin arbevda) „mosaxleobis informirebis“, realurad ki – dez-
informirebisaTvis da arc satelevizio gamosvlebiTac iyvnen
SezRudulebi: „opoziciis“ (me mas Sinaur mtrebs vuwodebdi) ra-
dikaluri gancxadebebi, romelic xSirad xelisuflebis mimarT
ultimatums warmoadgenda, ibeWdeboda TviT samTavrobo gazeT
„saqarTvelos respublikaSic“ (ix. TviT ZabiraZis mier dasaxele-
buli „saqarTvelos respublikis“ 1991 wlis 1 oqtombris gazeTi).
ZabiraZe gadaWarbebulad warmoadgens zviad gamsaxurdias
prezidentis uflebebs, ris Sesaxebac wers, rom TiTqos mis xelSi
iyo „ganusazRvreli Zalaufleba“ da rom igi, TiTqos „absolutu-
ri ZalauflebiT aRWurvili prezidenti“ iyo.
mkiTxvels vTxovT waikiTxos 1991 wlis saqarTvelos konstitu-
cia 30 oqtombris cvlilebebiTa da damatebebiT (Tavi 131) da 1996
wlis saqarTvelos konstitucia (Tavi mexuTe), Seadaros es Tavebi
erTmaneTs da darwmundeba, rom prezident zviad gamsaxurdias,
ukanono prezident SevardnaZesTan SedarebiT, metad mokrZale-
buli uflebebi hqonda.
ZabiraZis kritikis obieqti, prezidentad kenWisyris uflebis
konstituciuri gansazRvrac gamxdara, rac SevardnaZeze iyo gaT-
vlilio. Cvenis azriT ki, 1991 wlis konstituciiT gansazRvru-
li prezidentad kenWisyris uflebis 5-wliani periodi, savsebiT
normaluri da demokratiuli iyo. Tu masSi ver jdeboda sabWo-
Ta kavSiris sagareo saqmeTa ministri SevardnaZe, samagierod man
1996 wlis konstitucia xom mTlianad Tavis mdgomareobas moargo,
rogorc ganusazRvreli asakobrivi cenziT, aseve saqarTveloSi
odesme cxovrebis 15 wliani vadiT?
„axali saqarTvelos“ axali nomeric Semomitanes da sulswra-
fad ZabiraZis statiis bolo minawers davxede, romelic kvlav
umowyalod matyobinebda: „gagrZeleba iqnebao“. simwriT gavifiqre,
rom avantiuristulad aRmovCndi CaTreuli am „mravalkilome-
trian“ polemikaSi, ris dasasrulTan kidev Sorsa var! am serial-
Si ki (№7(52) memuaristi ZabiraZe moskovis putCisa da Tbilisis
2 seqtembris ambebs exeba da zviad gamsaxurdia, lamis 19 agvis-
369
tos putCis Tanamzraxvelad gamohyavs, ris dasturadac uTiTebs
1991 wlis 1 oqtombris gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikaSi“ gamo-
qveynebul „dokuments“ Savnabadaze „mxedrionelebis“ mier aRmoCe-
nils – zviad gamsaxurdias mier, viTomcda ianaevisadmi gagzavnil
„xalxis mtrebis dasaxvretTa sias“, romelic Sesabamis blankian
qaRaldzea dabeWdili rusul enaze. ZabiraZem SesaniSnavad icis
am dokumentis siyalbe, rac maSindeli oficialuri eqspertizis
daskvniTac aris dadasturebuli, magram mainc ixsenebs, vinZ-
lo kvlav aagoros risxvis talRa zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRm-
deg. misi qronologiuri xasiaTis „istoriuli Sroma“ xom 1991-92
wlebis samxedro gadatrialebis SefasebisTvis iwereba, risTvisac
ase mizandasaxulad amuqebs gamsaxurdias „reJims“, raTa rogorme
gaamarTlos kanonieri da erovnuli xelisuflebis iaraRis ZaliT
damxoba. aseTia amocana – davalebac aseTia!
gela lanCava ki aramcTu daawinaures, aramed generlis wode-
bac misces sakuTari xalxis xocva-JletaSi, romelsac rusTavelze
erT-erTi Cveni mitingis darbevis dros, mware ironiiT piradad
„mivuloce“ qarTvelTa sisxliT miRebuli generlis wodeba.
zviadi ki, amaod, evedreboda opozicias, yofil TanamebrZolebs:
„gTxovT vipovoT erTmaneTTan saerTo ena. me bevr TqvenTaganTan
makavSirebs wlebis megobroba da miuxedavad imisa, rom Cven axla
dapirispirebuli mxareebi varT, rac mwyins da mtanjavs, gavixse-
noT is yovelive keTili, rac yofila Cvens Soris da ramac gv-
abrZola amden xans saqarTvelos keiTldReobisaTvis. gavixsenoT
umZimesi wuTebi, romlebic erTad gagvitarebia, mxardamxar vyo-
filvarT Cven, erovnuli moZraobis periodSi. modiT axla vipovoT
saerTo ena, mogiwodebT ara imitom, rom vTqvaT me memuqreba raime
safrTxe da Cems posts... saqarTveloa safrTxis winaSe, udidesi
safrTxis winaSe... mogiwodebT dialogisaken yvela problemaze“
(prezidentis sityva 1991 wlis 15 seqetmbris uzenaesi sabWos se-
siaze).
moskovidan marTul opozicias dialogi kategoriulad ar sur-
da, aramed iRvwodnen dapirispirebisa da destabilizaciis eska-
laciisaTvis. prezidenti iZulebuli Seiqmna gaeca gankarguleba
agenturuli opoziciis dapatimrebis Taobaze, magram prezidents
araferi akavSirebda maTi dapatimrebis meTodebTan: gia Wantur-
ias dapatimrebisaTvis afrenili TviTmfrinavis marTlacda saxi-
370
faTo da skandaluri dasmis gegma Tavdacvis ministris moadgile
„avRanel“ nodar giorgaZes ekuTvnoda, romlis SeTqmulebac ma-
leve gacxadda.
Cven ver gaverkvieT, ZabiraZe ratom naTlavs 16 seqetmbers
moskovSi Wanturias gafrenais mcdelobas, emigraciaSi wasvlad,
roca Tavad Wanturias amis Sesaxeb araviTari oficialuri gancxa-
deba ar gaukeTebia. amdenad uadgiloa ZabiraZis didaqtika „...roca
mowinaaRmdege Tu mteri Tavisi neba-surviliT tovebda qveyanas,
ra aucilebeli iyo misi patimrobaSi ayvana?“ (№8(53). Wanturia,
Tu risTvis da visTan stumrobda moskovSi, es zedmiwevniT kar-
gad uwyoda prezidentma. SevardnaZesTan aliansiT gamowveuli Wan-
turias, xaindravas da sxvaTa destruqciuli qmedebebi abrkoleb-
da saqarTvelos damoukideblobis saerTaSoriso aRiarebas.
gia Wanturia xSirad uvardeboda xolme redaqciebs da axden-
da maTi muSaobis blokirebas sakuTari partiis gancxadebebis ga-
moqveynebis moTxovniT (gaz: „axalgazrda iverieli“, „Tbilisi“).
gazeTma „qarTulma filmma“ ar gamomiqveyna Tsu-s pres-klubis
popularuli lideris, daTo turaSvilis mamxilebeli werili da
arc Tavad pres-klubelebma (d. turaSvilma, f. CixraZem, Tedo
isakaZem, nikoloz nikoloziSvilma) gamomiqveynes kritika ruslan
miqaberiZisadmi gazeT „Tbilisis universitetis“ studentur
gverdSi, magram, arc erTi faqtis gamo xmauri ar amitexavs da arc
mtrad movkidebivar maT. miuxedavad imisa, rom CemTvis imTaviTve
naTeli iyo am fsevdo-patriotebis gezi da isic, Tu rogor iyvnen
marTulni komunisturi nomenklaturis mxridan. aki sul male
aSkaradac vixileTkidec isini komunistebis gverdiT (v. goguaZe, a.
margiani, v. advaZe...). Cven televiziasTan maSin mivediT, roca daTo
turaSvilma Tavisi emociuri sityva Semdegi mowodebiT daamTavra:
„... dRes, swored dRes unda gamoCndes is Zala, romelic SeZlebs
daamxos gamsaxurdias diqtatura!“. es Zala, ramdenime saaTSi,
kitovanis mZime teqnikis gruxuniT televiziasTan Semogrialda
kidec. turaSvilis mowodebam CvenSi bunebrivi aRSfoTeba gamoi-
wvia, ris pasuxadac orma ymawvilma mxrebidan avtomatebi Camoix-
snes da me da Cems ulamazes megobar rusudan CerqeziSvils (sami
ulamazesi vaJiSvilis dedas) Sublze dagvimiznes sisiniT: „roca
saZulvel gamsaxurdias davamxobT, mere yvela zviadist qals da-
givliT da Sublebs gagixvritavT“o.
371
Rrmad var darwmunebuli, Tu is ymawvilebi Semdgom Tavad ar
gaxdnen gonieri mtrebis msxverplni – dRes nanoben im Sizoidur
agresias, xelovnurad rom warmoSves maTSi da Tavis nebaze marTes
isini.
ZabiraZe, sxvadasxvagvari variaciebiT dausruleblad agr-
Zelebs zviad gamsaxurdias diqtatorobis Temas, ris gamoc iZu-
lebuli varT Cvenc variaciebiTve vupasuxoT.
prezidenti SeiaraRebuli dapirispirebis Tavidan acilebas
cdilobda, risTvisac igi saqarTvelos mosaxleobas mTavrobis
sasaxlesTan Sesakrebad ixmobda. ZabiraZis mier 1991 wlis 11 no-
embers gazeT „iveriidan“ citirebuli dezinformacia „prezident-
ma raionebidan... Camoiyvana da rusTavelis prospeqtze Semoikriba
mxardamWerebi, romelnic ukve meramdened daupirispira dedaqa-
laqis mosaxleobas, SeiaraRebisa da opoziciis fizikuri ganad-
gurebisaken mouwoda“ – odnavadac ar Seesabameba sinamdviles.
dedaqalaqis mosaxleobis oTxmoci procenti xelisuflebas uW-
erda mxars da mTavrobis sasaxlesTan idga, romlebsac opozicia
Tavad upirispirdeboda. msgavs kritikul situaciaSi litvis xeli-
suflebamac analogiur xerxs mimarTa da vilniusSi, patriotuli
suliskveTebiT ganmsWvaluli litvielebi 8 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, 24
– saaTiani reJimiT icavdnen parlamentis Senobas da iq imperiam
Tavisi mizani ver ganaxorciela. TbilisSic, mTavrobis sasaxles-
Tan dedaqalaqisa da raionebis mosaxleoba sakuTari nebiT idga
da opoziciisagan moiTxovdnen miecaT xelisuflebisaTvis nor-
maluri muSaobis saSualeba. respublikis moedanze mdgari erTi
muWa opozicia, rogorc aRvniSneT, upirispirdeboda maT, eZaxdnen
„sunianebs“, „CamoTreul soflelebs“ da a. S.
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisuflebis winaaRm-
deg amxedrebul agenturul opozicias saTanado mxardaWera
hqonda metropoliisagan: moskovis gazeTebSi sul ufro intensi-
urad ibeWdeboda werilebi zviad gamsaxurdias „diqtatorobis“
Sesaxeb qarTveli Tu rusi avtorebis mier (ix. 1991 wlis seqtem-
ber-oqtomber-noembris „pravda“, „nezavisimaia gazeta“, „megapo-
lis eqspresi“, „komsomolskaia pravda“ da sxva). xolo moskovis
telearxebi, saqarTvelos mTavrobis sasaxlesTan xelisuflebis
mxardamWer mitingebs, opoziciis mitingebad warmoadgendnen, rac
gaxldaT informaciuli omi erovnuli xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg.
372
amasTanave, moskovis centraluri televiziiT TiTqmis yoveldRi-
urad gadmoicemoda informaciebi saqarTvelos xelisuflebis
mier cxinvalis viTomcda yoveldRiuri dabombvis Sesaxeb. am mx-
riv, arc Soreuli sazRvargareTis presa da televizia aklebda
xels (gansakuTrebiT aSS-sa da germaniis). mzaddeboda saerTaSo-
riso SeTqmuleba damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisu-
flebis winaaRmdeg.
saqarTvelo, SevardnaZis antierovnul-agenturuli mmarTve-
lobis xelSi, transnacionaluri koncernebisaTvis iqca navTob-
saden milad, derefnad, trasad, ris Sedegadac mdidrdeboda mx-
olod xelisufleba, xolo xalxi kvlav Ratakdeboda da uimedod
iwireboda SimSiliT sikvdilisaTvis.
bunebrivia, saqarTvelos erovnul prezident baton zviad gam-
saxurdias Tavisi nasaTuTari samSoblosadmi ver eqneboda aseTi
uxeSi momxmarebluri da vandaluri damokidebuleba ruseTis,
amerikis, germaniis, TurqeTis da sxva ucxo saxelmwifoebis saame-
blad, SevardnaZis msgavsad.
CvenTvis savsebiT gasagebia opoziciis subieqtivizmi, isi-
ni xom gareSe mtrebis dasayrdenebi iyvnen da axla siraqlemis
pozaSi darCenilebi akeTilSobileben „opozicias“: „...barikadebi
imelis SenobasTan iyo... manqanebis saval nawilze. es „barikade-
bi“ Zalian gansxvavdeboda im „barikadebisagan“, romlis Sesaxebac
wagvikiTxavs an gagvigonia, misi gadalaxva araviTar sirTules ar
warmoadgenda“ da a. S. (v. ZabiraZe, №3(54), sqolio 2). aq, rogorc
ityvian, komentari zedmetia!
putCistebis aSkarad saxifaTo gaaqtiurebis viTarebaSi, Zabi-
raZe, prezidents sagangebo mdgomareobis gamocxadebis uflebasac
ukrZalavs, prezidiumTan unda SeeTanxmebiaT, wers prezidiumSi
mokalaTebuli agenturuli Zalebis imediT, romelic ueWvelad
dablokavdnen prezidentis gadawyvetilebas. yovelgvari samar-
Tlisa da kanonis gareSe moqmedi opozicia, prezidents kanonis
zedmiwevniTi dacvisaken miuTiTebs, Tumca prezidenti swored
kanoniT, konstituciiT moqmedebda da am uflebebsac ki igi mx-
olod ukidures SemTxvevaSi iyenebda. amis dasamtkiceblad va-
qveynebT prezidentis mier 1991 wlis 25 seqtembers sagangebo we-
sebis gamocxadebis preambulas, romelic naTlad asaxavs realur
viTarebas: „imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom saqarTveloSi mimdinare-
373
obs samxedro da samoqalaqo putCi, Seqmnilia xunta, romelsac
aqvs Zala, qalaq TbilisSi gaaqtiurdnen destruqciuli Zalebi,
rac gamoixata usanqcio mitingis mowyobasa da kanonieri xeli-
suflebis Zaladuri damxobisaTvis mowodebaSi, ukanono Sei-
araRebuli formirebebis mier masobrivi informaciis saSuale-
baTa blokirebasa da saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis Senobebis
dakavebaSi, samxedro iaraRis xelSi Cagdebis mizniT Sinagan
saqmeTa organoebze Tavdasxmasa da satransporto saSualebebis
gatacebaSi, savaWro da sazkvebis obieqtebis ZarcvaSi, moqa-
laqeTa da maTi avtomanqanebis TviTnebur dakavebaSi, Cxrekasa
da nivTebis daTvalierebaSi“.
aseT viTarebaSi, hqonda Tu ara respublikis prezidents sa-
gangebo mdgomareobis gamocxadebis ufleba, ganswavlulma da pa-
suxismgeblobis mqone mkiTxvelma Tavad gansajos.
aseTive cru da yalbi iyo „opoziciis“ mier msoflio masSta-
biT atexili isterika Tavisufali gazeTebis daxurvis, televi-
ziis monopolizebisa da viTomcda am mizeziT televiziis muSakTa
gaficvis Sesaxeb.
televiziis aqciebi organizebuli iyo agenturuli opoziciis
mier, aSkara iyo gaficuli Jurnalistebis aliansi SeiaraRebul
ZalebTan. „diqtatori prezidenti gamsaxurdia“, yvelafris miuxe-
davad, mainc ar cdilobda, kanonis Tanaxmad aelagma opozicia, ar-
amed saxelmwifo televiziis Senobis win gaficuli Jurnalistebi
kuTvnil xelfassa da premiasac Cveulebriv iRebdnen. SeiaraRebul
opozicias ki, iaraRis nebayoflobiTi dayrisa da daSlis SemTx-
vevaSi, kvlav da kvlav xelSeuxeblobis garantiebs pirdeboda.
msgavsi humanurobisa da demokratobis magaliTs ver SexvdebiT,
verc erTi qveynis xelisufalis mxridan, magram... „Zirs gamsaxur-
dias diqtatura!“ mainc xaoda kremlis mier mosyiduli opozicia.
zviad gamsaxurdiam gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ re-
daqtori mamuka faCuaSvili gaaTavisuflao, ZabiraZem. mamuka faC-
uaSvili, erovnul xelisuflebamde gaaTavisufla redaqtorobidan
ZabiraZis kumirma nodar naTaZemac. Tavisi gaurkveveli profilis
gamo. faCuaSvils dRemde aTavisufleben redaqtorobidan, magram
diqtaturis msxverplad ar aRiarebs mas ZabiraZe.
1991 wlis „22 seqtembris darbeva imelis SenobasTan gaxda
mizezi dedaqalaqSi erovnuli gvardiis Camosvlisa“, wers ZabiraZe
374
(№9(54), me-5 sveti). sainteresoa ZabiraZis pasuxi kiTxvaze: romeli
qveynis demokrati prezidenti moiTmens opoziciis mier mTavrobis
sasaxlis TveobiT paralizebas, mis winamdebare prospeqtze nagvis
barikadebs, rac sakmaod didxans iTmina „diqtatorma“ prezident-
ma zviad gamsaxurdiam? romelmac xalxs (da ara samarTaldam-
cavebs, an gvardias) mouwoda Tavad gaesufTavebinaT prospeqti,
rasac agresiuli da agenturuli opozicia qvebisa da armature-
bis sroliT Sexvda. am velur vaqhanaliaSi maT mokles erovnuli
xelisuflebis momxre, 5 Svilis mama. TviTmxilvelebi, mis mkvle-
lad imelis aqciis mTavar liders, irakli wereTels asaxeleben.
ZabiraZes ki mainc hyofnis moqalaqeobrivi sindisi kriminaluri
opozicia darbeulad warmoadginos, raTa gaamarTlos maTi tele-
viziasTan gadasvla SeiaraRebuli gvardiis mfarvelobis qveS.
ZabiraZe miamiturad irwmuneba, rom „opozicionerTa aqcia
televiziasTan... aucileblad dasruldeboda“, rom ara 4 oqtom-
bris xelisuflebis Tavdasxma zRvaze dabanakebul gvardielebzeo
(10(56). cxadia, televiziis aqciac dasruldeboda Tavisi funqciis
amowurvis Semdgom (yvelaferi xom dasrulebadia, TviT xangrZlivi
omebic ki), magram ZabiraZes surs miCqmalos opoziciis mamebis –
sigua, ioseliani, kitovani, Wanturia – kavSirebi metropoliasTan,
kremlTan. Cven Sorsa varT im azrisagan, rom mTeli opozicia
kremlidan imarTeboda, magram isini marTvadi iyvnen zemoxsenebu-
li agenturuli liderebis mier.
1999 wlis 2 marts „samefo ubnis TeatrSi“ sityviT gamosulma
mxedrionelma SaiSmelaSvilma, romelsac aseve mxedrioneli Svi-
li afxazeTSi zurgidan moukles, dekember-ianvris gadatrialebis
gamo mware sinanuliT ganacxada: „Cven mxedrionelebi usindisod
mogvatyues da gamogviyenes“.
saqarTvelos farglebs garedan dainstruqtaJebuli opozicia
ukan ar ixevda da kanonier xelisuflebas ulimatumis eniT elapa-
rakeboda. prezidentTan mimarTebaSi, maTi mxridan sistematurad
iCenda Tavs eTikis problema, ris naTel magaliTsac warmoadgens
Tavad ZabiraZis mier citirebuli gancxadebac: „xelisuflebas mie-
ca winadadeba televiziiT gamosuliyvnen batoni zviad gamsaxurdia
da batoni Tengiz sigua“ (№9(54). me-4 sveti) da radgan prezidenti
amgvar Tavxedur ultimatums ar iRebs, opozicias Turme sxva gza
ar darCenia, garda avtomatebis akakanebisa. aseTia ZabiraZis logi-
375
ka, romelic SeiaraRebuli opoziciis mxardamxar moiTxovda mTav-
robis sasaxlis win „barikadebis“ (avtobusebis xergilebis) moxsnas
„keTilSobili“ ganzraxviT, rac prezidentis fanjrebze pirveli
tyviebis daSeniT gamoixata.
manam ki saWiro iyo prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasgan diqta-
toris xatis Seqmna, rac ase eadvileba ZabiraZeebs; 1991 wlis 4
oqtombris Rames, mTavrobis sasaxlesTan, masobrivi areulobisa
da srolebis Sesaxeb igi wers: „... gavigone srolis xma, isroda ax-
algazrda kaci, romelsac Savi tyavis pijaki ecva, isroda haer-
Si pistoletidan... xelisufleba ki mTeli ZaliT cdilobda dae-
mtkicebina, rom opoziciam daiwyo srola“ (№10(55), me-3 sveti).
pirdapir vera, magram iribad mainc xom mianiSna ZabiraZem, rom
xelisuflebam isrola? magram, riT adasturebs ZabiraZe, rom is
Savi tyavis pijakiani kaci xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli iyo? riT
unda virwmunoT martoxela msrolelis xelisuflebis warmomad-
genloba? iqneb im Ramis msxverplis mixedviT, romelic xelisu-
flebis momxre gia tetelaSvili iyo? iqneb amitomac ar amxels
ZabiraZe moklulis vinaobas?
radgan Tavad var TviTmxilveli 4-5 oqtombris sisxliani Ra-
misa, zustad SemiZlia aRvwero ra moxda im Rames mTavrobis sa-
saxlesTan: wereTeli, Tavisi SeiaraRebuli jgufiT (igi maT saku-
Tar mcvelebs uwodebda), daaxloebiT TerTmetis naxevarze moadga
mTavrobis sasaxlis teritorias da isini samxatvro galereasTan
ganlagdnen. maTma SeiaraRebulma mosvlam xelisuflebis momxreTa
Soris CoCqoli gamoiwvia. xelisuflebis momxreebma iaraRianebis
win mravalmwkriviani cocxali kedeli aRmarTes, raTa maTTvis
sasaxlesTan miaxloebis saSualeba ar miecaT. cocxalma masiurma
farma opozicia gaaRiziana da daiwyo ormxrivi Selaparakebebi,
rac xeliT jikavSi gadaizarda. gaCaRda erTmaneTis motacebebi,
ramac viTareba metad daZaba.
moulodnelad, wereTlis jgufidan avtomatidan haerSi is-
roles. „kitovanis moxmobis niSnad isvriano“, dairxa xma da vi-
Tarebac air-dairia.
xelisuflebis mxridan mzadyofnaSi moiyvanes saxanZro manqa-
nebi opoziciis garekvis mizniT, raTa Tavidan acilebuliyo sisx-
lisRvra, magram aRmoCnda, rom opozicias yvela saxanZro manqana
mwyobridan Cumad gamoeyvana. viRacam brZaneba gasca, opoziciis
376
gasafantavad saxanZro manqanebi mainc daeZraT. msxverplis Tav-
idan asacileblad saxanZro manqanebi gamafrTxilebeli signalebiT
mTeli siswrafiT daZres. opoziciam droebiT ukan daixia. kitovani
ar Canda. opozicia kitovanis misamarTiT xmamaRla gulianad igi-
neboda, „mogvatyua“o. daZabulobis erTma talRam gadaiara da is
iyo mTavrobis sasaxlesTan mibrunebas vapirebdiT, rom opozici-
is mxridan xalxSi srolebi daiwyo. me da Cemi megobrebi pirveli
klasikuri gimnaziis ezoSi, iliasa da akakis Zegls amovefareT,
zogi pirdapir asfaltze gawva, zogi garboda. srolebi ramden-
ime wuTi gagrZelda. gaCdnen daWrilebi, rac panikas aZlierebda,
viRacam iyvira: „mokles! mkvdaria!“ srolebi wamodgomis saSuale-
bas ar gvaZlevda da roca miwyda, im adgilisaken gaveqaneT, sadac
mokluli gveguleboda, magram Cvens win mxolod Sededebuli sisx-
lis gube iyo. mogvianebiT gavigeT, rom moeklaT gia tetelaSvili,
axalgazrda kaci, xolo Cemi nacnobebidan daeWraT universitetis
maswavleblis lia feraZis 16 wlis vaJi.
msxverplTa da daWrilTa raodenobam (samocamde asaxelebdnen)
prezidenti aRaSfoTa, rasac 8 oqtombris uzenaesi sabWos sesi-
aze misi cxare gamosvla mohyva. swored, prezidentis am gamosvlis
kritikiT iwyebs ZabiraZe Tavisi memuarebis morig serials. am ga-
mosvlam „ganmsazRvreli roli iTamaSa xelisuflebasa da opozi-
cias Soris arsebul dapirispirebaSi da faqtiurad mospo mSvido-
biani Tanaarsebobis yovelgvari realuri Sansi“ (№11(56).
ZabiraZis guliswyromas xalxis mimarT opoziciis SeiaraRebu-
li dapirispireba ki ar iwvevs, aramed prezidentis sityvieri rea-
qcia maT qmedebaze, rac Tavad spobda „mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis“
yovelgvar Sanss, magram ZabiraZe mainc prezidents amunaTebs.
1991 wlis 4-5 oqtombris SeiaraRebuli agresia erovnul-poli-
tikuri organizaciebis mxridan iyo swored saxelmwifo gadatri-
alebis pirveli mcdeloba. maT zurgs umagrebda Tbilisis zRvaze
dabanakebuli kitovanis gvardia, romlis Camosvlasac ase imediT
elodnen, magram Tu ratom daarRvia kitovanma maTTvis micemu-
li piroba, ver getyviT. logikasTan mwyralad prezidenti ki ara,
ZabiraZe gaxlavT swored, romelic cdilobs Tavisi arakvalifici-
uri msjelobebiT gadatrialebis mcdelobis kvalifikacia moux-
snas 4-5 oqtombris SeiaraRebul dapirispirebas.
377
ZabiraZis arakvalificiurobis dasturad SegviZlia, agreTve
warmovadginoT sqolio 1-Si dabeWdili msjeloba: erovnulma
gvardiam tele-radio departamentis Senoba ki daikava, magram ki-
tovanma da siguam televiziiT gamosvlis saSualeba mainc ver moi-
poveso. TiTqos, tele-radio departamentis Senobis iaraRiT da-
kavebis faqti TavisTavad ar iyos putCi. „xelisufleba gamalebiT
amzadebda niadags, rogorc sakanonmdeblo, aseve fsiqologiuri
TvalsazrisiT, umciresobis gasanadgureblad“, urcxvad gvarw-
munebs ZabiraZe, roca saxezea umciresobis mier umravlesobis (xe-
lisuflebis momxreTa) ganadgurebis faqti.
hqonda Tu ara, respublikis prezidents ufleba, kanonis ZaliT
aelagma opozicia? cxadia, hqonda! „magram es iqneba dakavSirebu-
li sisxlis RvrasTan da Cven ar gvinda es... Cven unda davarwmu-
noT es adamianebi, sazogadoebrivi azris mobilizaciiT, aqciebiT,
rom dayaron iaraRi da daubrundnen mSvidobian cxovrebas... Cven
maT mivcemT xelSeuxeblobis Sesabamis garantiebs da garkveul
struqturebSic movaqcevT am dajgufebebs“ (fragmenti 1991 w. 15
noembris prezidentis satelevizio gamosvlidan). ai es humanuri
misia gaaCnda samTavrobo gazeTebSi sazogadoebis sxvadasxva fenis
werilebs da mTavrobis sasaxlesTan gamarTul mitingebsac, sadac
Tavad xalxi Seagonebda opozicias, gons mosuliyvnen da nu Caid-
endnen Ralats.
zemocitirebul 1991 wlis 15 noembris satelelvizio gamosvla-
Si prezidenti calsaxad acxadebs: „...Cven vibrZviT damoukideblo-
bisaTvis da ar vawerT xels e. w. samokavSireo xelSekrulebaze...
Cvens mimarT iyeneben yovelgvar uRirs xerxebs da meTodebs, rom
rogorme gvaiZulon xelmowera... Cveni sagareo politikis ZiriT-
adi mimarTulebaa is, rom ar wavideT araviTar kompromisze, sa-
nam centri... ar cnobs Cvens damoukideblobas da Tavisuflebas.
kompromiss arc Semdeg vapirebT... e. w. „kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa
asamblea“... miznad isaxvs konfederaciis Seqmnas da mis centrad
soxumis gamocxadebas... iseTi omis mdgomareobaSi myof qveyanas,
rogorSic Cven varT, aseTi opozicia daRupavs. yvela demokra-
tiul qveyanaSi moqalaqeTa jgufs, romelic ebrZvis xelisufle-
bas iaraRiT da Tanac uSualo kavSiri aqvs mterTan da am mtris
instruqciebiT moqmedebs, opozicia ar ewodeba, megobrebo. amas
ewodeba – pirdapiri gagebiT Ralati da moRalateTa SeTqmuleba...
378
opozicia es aris gansxvavebuli azris adamianTa dapirispireba
xelisuflebasTan, romelTa kritikuli mosazrebebi destruqci-
ul miznebs ar atarebs... TviT ruseTis federacia, romelic
didi demokratiuli lozungebiT gamodis, mogexsenebaT rogor
gausworda putCistebs... yvela isini daapatimra, nawilma Tavi moi-
kla. CvenTan ki putCi grZeldeba da agrZelebs Tavis destruqci-
ul moqmedebas...“
didi humanisti da demokrati prezidenti mainc uars ambobs
putCistebis kanonis ZaliT alagmvaze, ramac gaaTamama da umetesad
gaaTavxeda isini; maT Seqmnes yalbi „Savi sia“ (viTomcda preziden-
tis xelmoweriT) dasaxvret pirTa Sesaxeb da mis irgvliv isteri-
uli gangaSic atexes. generaluri prokurori vaxtang razmaZe im
„Sav siebSi“ dasaxelebul pirTa dapatimrebaze uaris Tqmis gamo
gaaTavisufla prezidentmao – wers ZabiraZe, rac sinamdviles ar
Seefereba. razmaZe, prezidentma, SeiaraRebul opoziciasTan Ta-
namSromlobisa da SeTqmulebis gamo gaaTavisufla. misi SeTqmule-
ba srulad gacxadda gadatrialebis ukanasknel dReebSi, rodesac
igi xuntam (samxedro sabWom) 3 ianvars prokuroris uflebebSi
aRadgina da romlis sityvieri sanqciiT daixvrita aseulaTasiani
mSvidobiani manifestaciebi TbilisSi 3 da 7 ianvars, 2 Tebervals,
daxvretilTa umravlesoba studentebi iyvnen.
xuntis prokurori vaxtang razmaZe, samxedro sabWos wevrebTan
– siguasa da kitovanTan erTad – preskonferenciebs awyobda da
ucxoel JurnalistebTan utifrad uaryofda mitingebis daxvre-
tis faqtebs. razmaZe, aseve uaryofda vagzlis SenobaSi xelisu-
flebis momxre moSimSileTa darbevisa da dapatimrebis faqtebsac.
„vfiqrob xelisuflebas sakmaod didi dro (8 oqtombridan – 22
dekembramde) gaaCnda imisaTvis, rom dapirispirebul ZalTa balan-
si Tavis sasargeblod Seecvala“. amgvari sentenciebiT surs Zabi-
raZes kvlavac SeniRbos opoziciis kavSirebi kremlTan.
v. ZabiraZe Tavis memuarebs samxedro gadatrialebis Sefase-
biT asrulebs (RmerTs madli!) da mxolod erTs nanobs: „rodesac
erovnulma gvardiam televiziis Senoba daikava, iqidan unda wam-
ovsuliyavi“ (№13(58). TiTqos ZabiraZes sxva saidumlo kavSiri ki
ar hqonia sigua-ioselian-kitovanTan, TiTqos, igi da misi Tanamz-
raxvelebi, mTlad gvardiis imediT ar boboqrobdnen da TiTqos
SeiaraRebul opozicias pirdapir ar mouwodebdnen xelisuflebis
379
damxobisaken. xelisufleba ki imitom unda daemxoT, rom, Turme
„erTi wuTiTac ar yofila demokratia“ (sainteresoa, maS, ro-
gor gadarCa?). misTvis ki, rogorc civilizebuli personisaTvis
„sruliad miuRebeli iyo koncefcia – jer damoukidebloba da
Semdeg demokratia“.
brma da yrudqmnili agenturuli opoziciis sapirispirod,
vfiqrobT, sakmarisi faqtebi moviyvaneT prezident zviad gamsaxur-
dias demokratobisa da humanurobis maCveneblad (presis, sityvis,
mitingebis, manifestaciebis Tavisufleba da TviT SeiaraRebuli
TareSic), magram agenturulma opoziciam , prezidents, dReniadag
unda swamos cili, raTa insinuaciuri braldebiT gaamarTlos misi
ZaladobiT damxoba da sisxliani xelebic kanonierebisa da samar-
Tlianobis damcvel xelisuflebis momxreebs amgvarad Seaxocon:
„swored „sibrmavemde misul erTgulTa“ da opoziciis radikaluri
nawilis urTierT ukompromiso damokidebulebam gamoiwvia dekem-
ber-ianvris movlenebi“, romelSic, Turme ara aris ra, ZabiraZeebis
danaSaulebrivi wili, rameTu igi „opoziciis radikalur nawilSi“
SeiaraRebul Zalebs gulisxmobs.
ai, amas hqvia „politikuri kvaWoba“ swored! – umZimesi dana-
Saulidan Tavi mTlad udanaSaulod daiZvrino.
Cven ZabiraZis „kvaWobidan“ morals ar gamoviyvanT da arc mis
gulwrfelobaSi SevitanT eWvs, romelic acxadebs, rom CemTvis um-
Tavresi demokratiaa da ara damoukideblobao. aki Cvenc viciT,
rom molaybe politikan ZabiraZeebs sulac fexebze ekidaT qveynis
saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba da axalSobili damoukidebeli
qveynis xelisuflebisagan, romelic es-es aris damoukidebel nabi-
jebs dgamda, ukve srulfasovan demokratias moiTxovdnen, romlis
mSeneblobas, dasavleTisa da evropis saxelmwifoebma, aseuli wle-
bi moandomes da jerac ver miuRweviaT srulyofisaTvis.
mkiTxvels SevaxsenebT, rom uzenaesi sabWos sesia Catarda 1990
wlis 14 noembers (uzenaesi sabWo airCa 28 oqtombers). am dRidan
moyolebuli, vidre 1992 wlis 6 ianvramde, ar Sewyvetila agen-
turuli opoziciis Tavdasxmebi erovnul xelisuflebaze. aseT
saomar viTarebaSi ki, rac SeZlo erovnulma xelisuflebam (ref-
erendumi, damoukideblobis aRdgena, samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri
respublikis gauqmeba, separatistuli omebis Tavidan acileba, mi-
wisZvris Sedegebis likvidacia da a. S.), gmiruli Zalisxmevis Sede-
380
gi iyo. erovnulma xelisuflebam, agreTve SeimuSava ekonomikuri
reformebis, privatizaciis da kerZo sakuTrebis kompleqsuri pro-
grama, romlis xorcSesxmas sWirdeboda politikuri stabilizacia.
privatizaciis ganxorcielebamde sakuTari valutis SemoReba
aucilebeli iyo, raTa ar darRveuliyo privatizaciiT sargeblo-
bis Tanabari principi: misi sikeTiT Tanabrad esargebla kerZo my-
idvelsac (romelic saxelmwifos biujetSi warmoebis Rirebulebis
solidur Tanxas Seitanda) da gayiduli qonebis saerTo mflo-
bel-mewile xalxsac (romelic biujetidan stabilurad miiRebda
saarsebo fuls xelfasebis, stipendiebis, pensiebisa Tu daxmare-
bebis saxiT), riTac SenarCundeboda da ganmtkicdeboda balansi.
saxelmwifoebrivi da erovnuli simdidreebisadmi prezidentis
dinj, Tanmimdevrul da uaRresad frTxil damokidebulebaSi Tavs
iCenda udidesi pasuxismgeblobisa da mamuliSviluri grZnoba,
ris gamoc igi TvalSi ar mosdioda saqarTveloze Tvaldadgmul
mtrebs.
samxedro gadatrialebis Sefasebis moTxovnis fonze, gazeTeb-
Si sul ufro intensiurad ibeWdeba msgavsi tendenciuri mimar-
Tulebis werilebi, riTac siraqlemas pozaSi darCenili opozicia
qmnis gadatrialebis gamarTlebis ideologiur wanamZRvrebs. Sei-
araRebul gadatrialebaSi monawile inteligencia, radioTi Tu
televiziiT, gadatrialebis „iZulebiTi aucileblobis“ axsniT
gvmoZRvravs, raSic Tavs iCens moralisa da samarTlis problema;
swavlul opozicias unda moexsnebodes, rom sayovelTao saxalxo
kenWisyriT arCeuli konstituciuri xelisuflebis iaraRiT damxo-
ba, yvela samarTliT akrZaluli danaSaulia da misi gamarTlebis
motivi (mizezi), ubralod, ar arsebobs!
sruliad saqarTvelos zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiam,
gadatrialebis SefasebasTan dakavSirebiT, araerTxel calsaxad
gamovTqviT Cveni pozicia da kvlavac vadasturebT, rom: Sevard-
naZesa da mis ukanono parlaments gadatrialebis Sefasebis, arc
samarTlebrivi, arc politikuri da arc moraluri ufleba ara
aqvs, rameTu faqtobrivi xelisufleba Tavad warmoadgens samxe-
dro gadatrialebis ideologs, damfinansebels da Semsrulebel-
sac – xuntas!
am realobidan gamomdinare, gadatrialeba samarTlebrivad ver
Sefasdeba! aramed, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi Sefasdeba, orive mxarisaT-
381
vis (kanonieri xelisuflebisa da SeiaraRebuli opoziciisaTvis)
Tanabari simZimis braldebebis wayenebiT da Sedegebzec ormxrivi
pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebiT, gadatrialebis imperiuli inspir-
atori da organizatori eduard SevardnaZe ki „sufTa da samar-
Tlian“ msajulad mogvevlineba, riTac Seqmnis „kanonierebisa da
samarTlianobis aRdgenis“ fasads. maSin, roca kanonieri xelisu-
flebis damxobis 2 Tvis Tavze xuntis, samxedro sabWos mowveviT
saqarTveloSi dabrunebuli SevardnaZe aeroportSive miesal-
ma „gamsaxurdias reJimis“ iaraRiT damxobas da saTaveSi Caud-
ga xuntistur xelisuflebas, riTac gaamJRavna Tavisi roli da
damokidebuleba samxedro gadatrialebisadmi.
yovelivedan gamomdinare Cndeba savsebiT logikuri kiTxva: maS,
rogor unda Seafasos SevardnaZem da misma parlamentma dekem-
ber-ianvris gadatrialeba? cxadia, mxolod deklaraciulad, ro-
melsac ar eqneba, arc istoriuli da arc iuridiuli Rirebuleba.
amgvari Sefaseba ki ver amoavsebs im samarTlebriv vakuums, ro-
melSic 7 welia imyofeba Cveni qveyana da verc malamod daedeba
mouSuSebel Wrilobebs, aramed gaamZafrebs usamarTlobis grZno-
bas da gaaRrmavebs ufskruls dapirispirebul mxareebs Soris.
faqtobrivma xelisuflebam mxolod unda aRiaros kanonieri
xelisuflebis iaraRiT damxobis faqti, rogorc danaSaulebrivi
aqti, rac Semdgom etapze Tavad imuSavebs.
aqve, aucileblad vTvliT ganvmartoT, Tu raSi mdgomareobda
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias nebayoflobiTi gadadgomis prob-
lema, rameTu viciT, rom opozicia daJinebiT da kategoriulad
uyenebda mas am moTxovnas. migvaCnia, rom opozicia ver acnobi-
erebda prezidentis nebayoflobiTi gadadgomis damRupvel poli-
tikur Sedegebs, an Segnebulad aiZulebda amgvari nabijisaken.
kerZod: damoukidebeli qveynis prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
nebayoflobiTi gadadgoma gamoiwvevda 1991 wlis 31 martis ref-
erendumis da 9 aprilis damoukideblobis aqtis erovnuli xeli-
suflebis mierve iuridiulad gauqmebas da saqarTvelos ruseTis
SemadgenlobaSi iuridiuladve dabrunebas. misgan gamomdinare
SedegebiT ki saqarTvelo ver gaxdeboda, verc gaerosa da verc
evrosabWos wevri qveyana da verc transkavkasiis navTobis magis-
trali gaivlida saqarTveloze.
382
amgvarad, 1991-92 wlebis samxedro gadatrialebis Sefasebisas
aucilebelia maRalkvalificiuri da pasuxismgebluri midgoma,
risganac savsebiT unda gamoiricxos pirovnuli simpatia-anti-
patiebi da subieqtivizmi.
eris Serigeba da Tanxmoba ki miiRweva mxolod gulwrfeli aRi-
arebiTa da monaniebiT da ara Cadenil saxelmwifo danaSaulebebze
Tavis marTlebebiT.
opoziciam unda aRiaros, rom zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis
iaraRiT damxobis araviTari seriozuli safuZveli, an motivi ar
arsebobda da rom isini sulmwared Secdnen.
mxolod amgvari aRiarebiT gamTliandeba da gaerTiandeba eri.
leila comaia
1999 wlis ianvar-aprili.
gazeTi „gauxmaurebeli faqtebi“, №12(112)–№17(117), 1999 weli.
kvlav viqtor rcxilaZis qvebudnobisa gamo
sabWouri ideologiis gazeT „literaturul saqarTveloSi“

gamoqveynda viqtor rcxilaZis werilebi saTauriT „politikuri
mozaika“ (ix. 2000 w. ivlisi). igi „Serigebis“ gacxovelebuli
kampaniis sapirispirod kvlav exeba adre gazeT „axal saqarTveloSi“
mis mier wamoWril Temas zviad gamsaxurdias „diqtatorobisa“
da „faSistobis“ Sesaxeb; amjerad, Tavisi argumentaciebis
gasamyareblad, v. rcxilaZe TiTqmis srulad iyenebs 1999 w. „axal
saqarTvelosa“ da „saqarTvelos respublikaSi“ gamoqveynebul
vaxtang razmaZisa da Teimuraz WanturiSvilis paskvilebs. amjerad
ki, v. rcxilaZes, tribunas SeuzRudavad uTmobs „literaturuli
saqarTvelos“ kacTmoZule redaqtori da mweralTa kavSiris
Tavmjdomare Tamaz wivwivaZe, romlis xelSic mweralTa kavSiri
xelisuflebis struqturul danamat-organod iqca, ris gamoc
WeSmarit mweralTa TiTqmis srulma Semadgenlobam datova
mweralTa kavSiri.
sapasuxo werilis gamoqveynebis lamis maradisobadqceuli
problemis gamo, rcxilaZiseuli „politikuri mozaikis“ gamow-
383
vlilviT ganxilvisagan Tavs movizRudav im nugeSiT, rom mis
werilebSi moxmobil WanturiSvilis statiebs maRalmxatvruli
sarkazmiT gasca pasuxi filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtorma
rostom CxeZem (ix. „axali saqarTvelo“, 1999 w. nomrebi).
diax. msgavsi insinuaciebi pasuxgaucemeli ar unda darCes,
rom erTgvari xangamZle stereotipi ar Camoyalibdes, risi
wyalobiTac dRemde srulad ver davamsxvrieT ideologiurad
Seqmnili azri ilia WavWavaZis sastik mebatoneobaze. am SegnebiT,
SeZlebisdagvarad pasuxgaucemeli ar damitovebia, arcerTi
paskvili damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad
gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg da arc amas davtoveb.
v. rcxilaZe ganixilavs ra faSizms, rogorc borotebas
kacobriobis winaSe, cdilobs faSisturi ideologia miusadagos
zviad gamsaxurdias mmarTvelobas. manamde ki mokrZalebiT
ecileba SevardnaZes gamoTqmaSi „provinciuli faSizmi“, ris
Sesaxebac wers: „es gamoTqma gamsaxurdias reJimis mimarT (imedia,
batoni eduardi ar miwyens) pirvelad me vixmare jer kidev z.
gamsaxurdias prezidentobis Jams, rac Cems axloblebs kargad
axsovTo“. cxadia, igi amis dasturad sxva xmamaRal (tribuna,
mitingi) an werilobiT wyaros ver moiyvans Cveuli qvebudnobisa
gamo da mxolod axloblebis wreSi Tu daiCurCulebda „zviadi
provincieli faSistiao“.
prezidentis likvidaciiT gaguladebuli rcxilaZe brZolis
velze axla gamoCnda, risi maprovocirebeli gamxdara 1996 w.
moskovSi gamocemuli „zviad gamsaxurdias avtobiografia“,
romelSic rcxilaZe mxilebulia, rogorc kgb-s agenti. mizanSi
amoRebul am wigns man „axal saqarTveloSi“ upasuxa Cveuli
RvarZliTa da ciliswamebebiT, riTac Seecada wignSi moyvanili
faqtebis gabaTilebas. rcxilaZis pasuxs, umal Cemi pasuxic
mohyva im imediT, rom igi aRar Seecdeboda Tavis marTlebas da
sazogadoebis TvalSi gmirad, patriotad da zviad-merabis umetes
mamuliSvilad warmoCenas, magram pativmoyvare da pirvelobis
maniiT Sepyrobili v. rcxilaZe, rogorc davrwmundiT, ar cxreba.
zviad gamsaxurdias „provinciel faSistad“ Seracxva mamaTel
ferSal SevardnaZes rom ar gamouvida, es cxadze-cxadia,
gamouva Tu ara v. rcxilaZes, vnaxoT, romelic gvarwmunebs, rom
gamsaxurdias programac faSisturi hqondao. maS, erTad wavikiTxoT
384
mkiTxvelo zviadis saarCevno programis politikuri nawilis me-4
debulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli aqtebis CamonaTvali:
1. saxelmwifo enis Sesaxeb;
2. moqalaqeobis Sesaxeb;
3. moqalaqeTa uflebrivi da politikuri garantiebis Sesaxeb;
4. erovnul-umciresobaTa politikur-samarTlebrivi garan-
tiebis Sesaxeb;
5. imigraciis Sesaxeb;
6. sindisis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb;
7. religiuri organizaciebis Sesaxeb;
8. politikuri partiebis Sesaxeb;
9. masobrivi informaciaTa saSualebebis Sesaxeb.
nadisidentar rcxilaZes am programiT gaTvaliswinebuli
aqtebidan „faSizmad“, yvela Tu ara, albaT 1 da me-2 aqti mainc
miaCnia, an iqneb, sulac am aqtebis qvemoT moyvanili debuleba:
„aTwleulebis manZilze uaRresad deformirebulma cxovre-
bis sabWourma wesma, saqarTveloSi daamkvidra iseTi social-
uri urTierTobani, rodesac sazogadoebis didi nawilisaTvis
cxovrebis patiosani wesis dacva arsebiTad gmirobas udrida,
amitom gaumarTleblad migvaCnia daisvas im pirTa sazogadoe-
brivi, zneobrivi Tu samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi,
romlebic totalitaruli reJimis pirobebSi iZulebulni
iyvnen zneobriv kompromisebze wasuliyvnen. xSir SemTxvevaSi
TviT sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulebanic ki gamowveuli iyo
totalitaruli sistemis mier Seqmnili cxovrebis araadamianu-
ri pirobebiT. amitom migvaCnia, rom axladarCeulma uzenaesma
sabWom unda ganixilos farTo masStabis amnistiis gatarebisa
da sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebis sakiTxi, gamoacxados sayovel-
Tao erovnuli Serigeba da Semwynarebloba“.
rogorc mogexsenebaT, „faSisturi ideologiisa da su-
liskveTebis mqone gamsaxurdiam“, Semdgom, saq. sisxlis samarTlis
kodeqsSi gaauqma kidec sikvdiliT dasja.
viqtor rcxilaZe dabejiTebiT acxadebs: „diax, gamsaxurdiam
Tavisi zoologiuri nacionalizmis qadagebiT, Tavis reJims fa-
Sizmis yvela niSani SesZinao“. Cven aRarafers vityviT rcxilaZis
mocemul werilSi faSizmis, rogorc aseTis, sabWour gageba-Se-
fasebaze da pirdapir zviad gamsaxurdiaseul gagebas SemogTava-
385
zebT: „dRes socialistebma, komunistebma, kosmopolitebma sityva
„nacionalizmi“ uaryofiT cnebad aqcies. msoflio asparezze na-
cionalizmis winaaRmdeg ilaSqreben, agreTve is amorfuli, dena-
cionalizebuli, tradiciebs mowyvetili konglomeratebi, romel-
Tac ara aqvT istoria, kulturuli TviTmyofadoba da romelnic
miiswrafvian kacobrioba aqcion erTsaxovan masad.
„nacionalizmi“ da „nacizmi“ ar aris identuri cnebebi. „nacio-
nalizmi“ es aris zrunva mSobeli eris ganviTarebasa da TviTmyo-
fadobaze, igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba sxva xalxebisadmi pativiscemas,
maTTan TanamSromlobasa da keTilSobilur urTierTobebs, na-
cizmi ki Sovinizmis ukiduresi formaa, gafetiSeba sakuTari er-
isa, siZulvili sxva erebisadmi, miswrafeba maTi asimilaciisa da
ganadgurebisadmi. yovelive es axasiaTebs did erebs. mcirericxo-
van xalxTa nacionalizmi ki aravis uqmnis safrTxes, igi icavs mx-
olod sakuTar arsebobasa da TviTmyofadobas... neokomunisturi
prorusuli xunta, anu e. w. „saxelmwifo sabWo“ (romlis wevric
batoni viqtor rcxilaZec gaxldaT – l. c.) amgvari ideebis qa-
dagebas „faSizms“ uwodebs, Tumca maT aviwydebaT, rom faSizmi
es aris rasobrivi upiratesobisa da gansakuTrebulobis Teoria
romelmac unda ibatonos danarCen kacobriobaze. msgavsi ideebi
CvenTvis ucxoa, Cven swored amis winaaRmdeg vibrZviT... Cven gv-
surs, rom qarTveli eri sworad gaerkves Tavis eTnogenezisSi...
unda gvaxsovdes, rom qarTvelebi... protoiberTa STamomavalni,
uZvelesi civilizaciisa da kulturis memkvidreni“ varT (citata
1992 w. 15 noembris mimarTvidan saqarTvelos iberiul-kavkasiu-
ri moZraobisadmi). xolo 1993 wlis 19 ianvris videomimarTvaSi –
„vixsnaT saqarTvelo“, batoni zviadi acxadebs: „Cveni gza ar aris
terori, Cveni gza ar aris Zaladoba, Tumc ki gvabraleben amas“.
1992 w. 12 maiss saqarTvelos televiziisadmi miweril weril-
Si „orientaciaTa Sesaxeb“ batoni zviadi wers: „...(gebelsebi da
Jdanovebi Cven ar gvyolia) „ideologia“ am sityvis faSisturi an
komunisturi gagebiT, mrgval magidas ar gaaCnia. msoflmxedvelo-
brivi da ideuri mimarTuleba ki, romelic qristianul-demokrati-
ul ideologias emyareba... zogierTs, dasavluri orientacia hgo-
nia, dasavleTis pornografiuli da sadisturi filmebis kulti,
gangsterebis „heroika“, dasavluri modebis wamxeduroba (risi
wamlekavi Semodinebac xdeba dRes saqarTvelos televiziebidan
386
da riTac ase iwoneben Tavs „ukompleqso demokratebi“ – l. c.),
dasavleTis winaSe xelgaSlili dgoma ucxouri kreditebis molo-
dinSi, saeWvo politikuri garigebebi zogierT politikur avanti-
uristebTan, maTi mowveva saqarTveloSi, saqarTvelos bunebriv da
wiaRiseul simdidreTa, kurortebis, portebisa da sawarmoebis miy-
idva dasavleTisaTvis da sxva. aseT dasavlur orientacias vgmobT
Cven... dasavleTis kultura, civilizacia, xelovneba, politiku-
ri naazrevi, filosofia, socialuri da samarTlebrivi sistemebi
uaRresad axloa CvenTvis... amis aTviseba da gaTaviseba dasavluri,
Ria demokratiuli sazogadoebis aSeneba aris dasavluri orient-
acia... aseve unda aviTvisoT yovelive saukeTeso aRmosavlur da
saerTod msoflio kulturasa da civlizaciaSi. Cveni istoriuli
misiac am ori samyaros sinTezSi mdgomareobs“.
dRes, TviT yofil opozicionerebSic ar meguleba pirovneba,
romelic igives fiqrobdes zviad gamsaxurdiaze, garda goneba-
SezRuduli SeiaraRebuli opozicionerebisa, romlebic verasodes
gaigeben zviadis fenomens, rasac verafriT vityviT „Rrmad gan-
swavlul“ baton viqtor rcxilaZeze, romlis problema Cadenili
danaSaulis sindromiT gamowveuli dasjis SiSia: „... Tu es (zviadis
-l.c.)„reabilitaciis“ aqti Sedga... nebismieri logikis mixedviT,
cixeSi Casayreli is mravalricxovani xalxi iqneba, umetes SemTx-
vevaSi, eris rCeuli nawili, vinc gamsaxurdias mofaSisto reJimi
daamxo“, wers igi. da aseTi logikuri adgilmonacveloba rom ar
moxdes – politpatimrebisagan gamoTavisuflebuli cixe, axla
„eris rCeuli“ putCistebiT rom ar Seivsos, v. rcxilaZem Zvelm-
oduri lozungebi xelaxla unda wamoisrolos, rom erovnuli
prezidentis bunebrivi reabilitaciis (da ara – SevardnaZis xe-
lisuflebismieri) procesi iqneb, rogorme SeaCeros. Tu ver SeaC-
era, igi imuqreba: „amas ki nebiT aravin dauSvebso“, anu kvlav
iaraRs aviRebTo. manam ki xelovnurad beravs putCistTa raode-
nobas – „mravalricxovani xalxio“. rameTu, am „angariSgasawevi“
ricxobrivi faqtoriT mainc aaRebinos xeli Tavis prezident Se-
vardnaZes axali represiebis wamowyebaze. realurad ki im erTi
muWa opoziciidanac, naxevarze metma – SedarebiT patiosanma da
inteleqtualurma nawilma – ukve moinania Tavisi danaSauli da
erovnuli Zalebis mxareze dadgnen.
387
„eris rCeulobis“ maniakaluri ideiT Sepyrobili batoni viqto-
ri ki agrZelebs: „... Tuki evropul faSizms Tavisi esTetikuri
tradicia gaaCnda... msgavsi ram ar hqonda gamsaxurdias provin-
ciul faSizms, Tu ar CavTvliT mTavrobis sasaxlis win gaSlil
karvebis qalaqs, aqoTebul karvis qalebs“ da a. S.
baton viqtors unda SevaxsenoT, rom „karvis qalaqebi“ pir-
velad opoziciam, „mexdrionma“gaSala. rusTavelis prospeqti
waryvnil-wabilwuli iyo rkinabetoniT, qva-RorRiTa da nagviT, rac
sulac ar examuSebodaT viqtor rcxilaZis msgavs „eris rCeulebs“.
maT mxolod mTavrobis sasaxlis uwyinari karvebi aiRes ybad.
SeiaraRebuli opoziciis mier mTavrobis sasaxlis sruli
paralizebisa da destabilizaciis miuxedavad, „faSistma da diqta-
torma“ prezidentma gamsaxurdiam ar ineba ugunuri da moRalate
qarTvelebis winaaRmdeg – karvebisa da avtobusebis xergilebis na-
cvlad, mTavrobis sasaxlis win tankebisa da SeiaraRebuli gvard-
ielebis dayeneba, raTa Tavidan aecilebina am manevriT mosalod-
neli Setakeba da sisxlisRvra.
gulwrfelad maocebs viqtor rcxilaZis qvebudanoba (quebu-
dani sulxan-sabas ase aqvs ganmartebuli – Cumi veragi), igi si-
cocxleSi aSkarad arasodes dapirispirebia zviads, ubralod Ca-
moscilda. Tavis dumils igi axla, xan „Tbilisuri tradiciiTa“
da bibliuri „ara gansajos“ principiT xsnis (ix. „axali saqarTve-
lo“, №40, 1998) da xan TanamebrZolobis JestiT: „... piradad gam-
saxurdias sajaro Sefasebas veridebodi, es, albaT, adamianurad
gasagebi unda iyos – laparakia garkveul periodsa da garkveul
saqmeSi Tanamzraxvelze, Tumca, aqve davsZen, rom „provinciuli
faSizmis“ damxobas, me zogierTiviT seiris mayureblis rolSi ar
Sevxvedrivar da moqalaqeobrivi vali am periodSi sxvebTan erTad
mec movixade“. anu, mec aviRe iaraRi „faSistisa da da diqtatoris“
dasamxobado, wers rcxilaZe „literaturul saqarTveloSi“.
sazogadoebis farTo masebisaTvis viqtor rcxilaZe, rogorc
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias opozicia, srulebiT ucnobia, mi-
Tumetes ar yofila igi im erTi muWa antiqarTuli opoziciis
gamokveTili lideri, aramed iyo faruli, saidumlo mokavSire.
ase, Cumi veragobiT moixada man „moqalaqeobrivi vali“ yofili
megobrisa da TanamebrZolis damxobasa da Semdgom mis fizikur
likvidaciaSic. dRes, aramcTu politikuri, TviT SeiaraRebuli
388
opoziciis udidesi nawili, roca uaryofs (Cqmalavs) Tavis wvlils
im Savbnel samxedro gadatrialebaSi – rcxilaZe trabaxobs „mo-
qalaqeobrivi vali“ mec movixadeo. amgvari „damsaxurebisaTvis“
iqneb man, ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelebis msgavsad, saxelmwifosagan
personaluri pensiac moiTxovos, Tu „umadurma“ xelisufalma,
amis nacvlad cixeSi ar ukra Tavi. hoda, pensias vin Civis, swored
amis eSinia Rrmad pativcemul baton viqtors am „didi Serigebisa
da reabilitaciis“ Jams.
Tqvenc ra gsjidaT, batono viqtor, Tavad rom aRiarebT kanon-
ieri xelisuflebis damxobaSi monawileobas. xom SeiZleba, romeli-
Rac „reformirebulma“ samarTaldamcavi struqturis matrakveca
warmomadgenelma, cnobad miiRos Tqveni es werilobiTi aRiareba
da aw ukve miukerZoeblad aRZras sisxlis samarTlis saqme Tqvens
winaaRmdeg? Tuki oci weli axerxebdiT dumils, axla raRa weram
agitanaT? eSmaki SegijdaT da „ram damRupa da Cemma enamo“, mgo-
ni swored eg dagemarTaT, ai! amjerad, putCist TanamzraxvelTa
CaSvebis Cveul wess aRar mimarTavT albaT, Torem zviadiviT ki ar
migiteveben da marto mxilebas ki ar gakmareben TavzexelaRebuli
putCistebi.
imedia, mkiTxveli mapatiebs am mcire Jargons, rasac verafriT
avcdi batoni viqtoris tragi-komikuri mdgomareobis gamo. Tavs
imiT vinugeSeb, rom Tu RmerTi gauwyra viqtors da sasamarTlos
winaSe aRmoCnda, Tavis gamoZvrenis mizniT, Cveuli paTetikiT zus-
tad igives ganacxadebs, rac 1978 wlis 6 seqtembris ssr umaRlesi
sasamarTlos sxdomaze ganacxada:
„pativcemulo mosamarTleno! Tqvens winaSea adamiani, romlis
gza didi da Rrma SecdomebiT aris aRsavse. 1975 wlidan moyole-
buli me antisabWoTa poziciebze videqi. me sajarod vgmob Cems sa-
marcxvino warsuls da axla imedis TvaliT Sevyureb momavals...“
(ix. „komunisti“, 1978 w. 7 seqtemberi, „Cemi warsuli samarcxvinoa“)
da amiT damTavrdeba misi morigi „ideuri“ brZolac.
vinaidan batoni viqtoris werilis momdevno nawili mTlianad
eyrdnoba gazeT „axal saqarTvleoSi“ 1999 wels gamoqveynebul vax-
tang razmaZis publikacias da mxolod mis citirebas warmoadgens,
gameoreba rom ar momixdes, SemogTavazebT Cems maSindel pasuxs
aRniSnul werilze, rac, agreTve imave gazeTSi gamoqveynda da ra-
389
sac aq, batoni viqtoris wambaZvelobiT, qveTavad warmovadgen Se-
sabamisi SemoklebebiTa da mciredi damatebebiT.
xuntis prokurori, anu ratom mokles

zviad gamsaxurdia
albaT cota vinmesTvis Tu warmoadgens gamocanas Cveni wer-

ilis saTauri. darwmunebuli var, sazogadoebis umravlesobaSi
igi erTnairad asocirdeba eqs-prokuror vaxtang razmaZesTan.
prokurorTan, romlisTvisac arasodes arsebula ideuri Rire-
bulebebi. aravisTvis iqna paradoqsi, Tuki imasac vityviT, rom
prokuror razmaZisaTvis, arc kanonierebisa da samarTlianobis,
miTumetes – adamianis uflebebis dacva arsebula. Tumca gazeT
„axal saqarTveloSi“ (1999 w. №17, redaqtori nodar grigalaS-
vili) gamoqveynebuli misi vrceli werili, lamis „eris mamobriv“
mWmunvarebasa da profesiul „analizs“ Seicavs dekember-ianvaris
samxedro gadatrialebis Sefasebisa.
„SeiZleba dRes, XX saukunis bolos ipovo adamiani, romelic
gaamarTlebs kanonieri xelisuflebis damxobas?“ werilis saTau-
ridanve didaqtikurad kiTxulobs prokurori razmaZe da rogorc
misnair cinikosT CveviaT, kvlav da kvlav oflis RvriT Txzavs
kanonieri xelisuflebis damxobis gamamarTlebel Teoriul mo-
tivebs, romelsac dReisaTvis ukve savsebiT gauvida yavli. erTi
kia, zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebisadmi mis cilismwameblur
braldebebs rom kiTxulob, yovelive identificirdeba dRevandeli
faqtobrivi xelisuflebis reJimTan. maSasadame, imasTan, rac aris
da ara, rac iyo. rac iyo, igi gadatrialebis safuZvels namdvilad
ar iZleoda, rom ara sagangebod agorebuli cilismwamebluri kam-
pania da piradi mtroba erovnuli prezidentisadmi – erovnulis
miuRebloba sabWouri internacionaluri mentalitetis mqone an-
tiqarTuli Zalebis mxridan.
qarTvel kolaboracionistTa es xrova, imperiulma ruseTmave
SeaiaraRa, daafinansa, informaciulad uzrunvelyo da daupirisp-
ira saqarTvelos erovnul xelisuflebas.
„es ar iyo brZola xelisuflebisaTvis, opoziciis mxridan, vinc
saomar moqmedebaSi monawileobda, arc erTs ar hqonda qveynis
390
prezidentobis pretenzia“, acxadebs vaxtang razmaZe, romelsac
unda vkiTxoT: romeli erTi ar ibrZoda xelisuflebisaTvis: Ten-
giz sigua, Tengiz kitovani, gia yaryaraSvili, Tu jaba ioseliani?
Tanamdeboba dakarguli kitovani da sigua, gana gadatrialebis
Sedegad ar dabrundnen xelisufelebaSi? an, iqneb kriminali jaba
ioseliani ar gaxelisuflebula da arc saprezidento arCevneb-
Si wamouyenebia Tavisi kandidatura? iqneb, arc gadatrialebaSi
monawile politikuri organizaciis liderebi ar gamxdaran depu-
tatebi? iqneb, arc SeiaraRebuli gadatrialebis saidumlo orga-
nizatori SevardnaZe ar gamxdara qveynis prezidenti? iqneb, arc
Tqven ibrZodiT xelisuflebisaTvis, prezident zviad gamsaxur-
dias mier moxsnilo prokuroro, samxedro sabWom rom aRgadginaT
prokuroris postze? aRdgenis dResve – 1992 w. 3 ianvars gaeciT
sanqcia didubis mSvidobiani manifestaciis daxvretaze, sadac um-
ravlesoba studentebi daixvrita (levan TaqTaqiSvili, kaxaber
arseniZe, givi rexviaSvili da sxvebi)? Tqvenive sanqciiT daixvri-
ta 7 ianvris manifestacia metro delisTan. Tqven daaxvretineT
2 Tebervals aseulaTasiani mSvidobiani manifestacia cirkTan da
marjaniSvilis moedanzec. yoveli manifestaciis daxvretis Sem-
dgom ki, sigua-kitovanTan erTad, ucxoeli JurnalistebisaTvis
awyobdiT preskonferenciebs da utifrad uaryofdiT ulmobel
faqtebs, rasac sakuTari videokamerebiT afiqsirebdnen Jurnal-
istebi, rasac dResac uaryofT. gyofniT gambedaoba da sindisi
Tavi patriotad warmoaCinoT, xolo zviad gamsaxurdias patri-
otizmi ki eWvqveS daayenoT.
Tqven e. w. samarTaldamcavebi iyaviT Tu ara valdebulni
dagecvaT kanonierad, sayovelTao saxalxo kenWisyriT arCeuli
qveynis mTavroba da prezidenti? rogorc moqalaqe da patrio-
ti iyaviT Tu ara valdebuli gageTvaliswinebinaT mosalodneli
masobrivi mRelvareba mis mier arCeuli xelisuflebis Zalado-
biT damxobis SemTxvevaSi? gageTvaliswinebinaT xalxis Tavdadeba
qveynis erovnuli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi, rasac sa-
jarod avlendnen? iyaviT da ar gaiTvaliswineT, aramed mtrulad
daupirispirdiT sakuTar xalxs, CaidineT Ralati erisa da qveynis
winaSe.
gamocdili prokurori, cxadia, werilobiT sanqcias ar gasce-
mdiT mitingebis daxvretis Taobaze da am gaqnili koziriT uary-
391
ofT faqtebs, magram iqneb gvipasuxoT: maS ra iyo Tqveni, xuntis
mier sagangebod aRdgenili prokurorobis funqcia? rom samxedro
sabWos saxelisuflo mmarTvelobas kanonis Zala miscemoda da ar
daeSva destabilizacia. am mizniT an unda dagexvritaT mitinge-
bi da amiT dageTrgunaT xalxi, an – gagecaT sanqcia mitingebis
damxvretTa dapatimrebaze. Tqven ki romeli gaakeTeT? – pirveli!
rac Seexeba Tqvens „patriotul“ sentencias zviad gamsaxur-
dias nebayoflobiTi gadadgomis Sesaxeb – mzakvrulad aqvs Camo-
cilebuli politikuri aspeqti, risTvisac mTeli pasuxismgeblo-
ba daekisreboda gadamdgar xelisuflebas, rac momaval Taobebs
mouspobda ideuri brZolis samarTlebriv safuZvlebs.
aucilebelia am aspeqtebze gulisxmahyos viqtor rcxilaZemac,
romelic intrigul da cilismwameblur Sefasebas aZlevs zviad
gamsaxurdias mier winaswarmetyvelurad ganWvretil saqarTvelos
momavals.
„gamsaxurdias gatacebiT uyvarda prezidentis posti, vidre
misi xalxi“, werT Tqven. ra moralur-samarTlebrivi ufleba
gaqvT, xuntis prokuroro, ilaparakoT xalxis siyvarulze Tqven,
romelic zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTvelodan gandevnis Semdgomac,
cecxliTa da maxviliT ebrZodiT sakuTar xalxs mTel saqarTve-
loSi; „zviadistobis“ braldebiT saxlebSi iaraRiT uvardebodiT
mosaxleobas, awiokebdiT, uCanagebdiT ojaxur meurneobas, aupati-
urebdiT, klavdiT, devnidiT samsaxurebidan.
„axali saqarTvelos“ momdevno nomerSi (№18) saTauriT: „saqa-
rTvelos pirveli prezidenti, mokles Tu Tavi moikla?“ Tqven
werT: „groznodan dafinansebiT teroristuli jgufebis mier
uwyvet nakadad grZeldeboda xidebis, magistraluri elsadenebis,
administraciuli, sameurneo da sxva daniSnulebis nagebobebis...
afeTqebebi. dawves ramdenime skola da fabrika“, amgvari absur-
duli braldebis gamo saqarTvelos prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia
groznodan SevardnaZisadmi gamogzavnil werilSi werda: „Tqve-
ni braldebebi Cems mimarT magonebs film „monaniebas“ da 30-iani
wlebis stalin-beriaseul praqtikas. Tqveni marionetuli „proku-
raturac“ `viSinskis prokuraturis oreulia“, SevardnaZis proku-
ratura ki Tqven brZandebodiT, batono razmaZev.
saqarTvelos istoriis momaval mkvlevarTaTvis SeTxzuli amg-
vari ciliswamebebis sapasuxod iZulebuli varT gamovaqveynoT
392
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias brZanebulebebisa da mimarTvebis
Semoklebuli teqstebi mainc, raTa naTeli movfinoT simarTles.
„ukanono xelisuflebis damqaSebma gaaqtiures teroristuli
da diversiuli qmedebani. afeTqeben xidebs, rkinigzebs, wvaven
kulturis kerebs da samecniero dawesebulebebs, administraciul
Senobebs, Tavs esxmian da Zarcvaven qalaqis mosaxleobas, aSine-
ben maT da cdiloben yovelive es kanonierebisaTvis mebrZolebs
gadaabralon...
saqarTvelos sruli ganadgurebisagan xsnisaTvis, mosaxleo-
bis usafrTxoebis dacvisa da misTvis elementaluri socialuri
pirobebis SeqmnisaTvis vbrZaneb:
1. daevalos kanonierebisaTvis mebrZoli SeiaraRebuli Za-
lebis Tavdacvis sabWos (l. qobalia) Camoayalibos teroristuli
aqtebisa da diversiebis winaaRmdeg mebrZoli specialuri qvedan-
ayofebi.
2. aRniSnulma qvedanayofebma, sadac SesaZlebelia daaweson
umkacresi kontroli rkinigzaze, xidebsa da sxva sasicocxlo
mniSvnelobis obieqtebze.
3. gaCaRdes Seurigebeli brZola teroristuli da diversi-
uli jgufebis gamovlinebisa da ganeitralebisaTvis.
4. teroristuli da diversiuli jgufebis winaaRmdeg brZo-
lis mimdinareoba farTod gaSuqdes masobrivi informaciis sa-
SualebebiT. gamoqveyndes damnaSaveTa sia“.
grozno 1993 weli, 3 ianvari.
(Cvens mier moyvanili prezident zviad gamsaxurdias brZane-
bebis, mimarTvebisa da gancxadebebis sruli teqstebi ixileT ma-
Sindel gazeTebSi: „aRdgoma“, „qarTuli azri“, an gela saluaS-
vilis redaqtorobiT gamocemul krebulebSi: „ormoci mimarTva
sruliad saqarTvelos mosaxleobisadmi“, „1992-93 saqarTvelos
respublikis prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia“ da sxva).
xuntis prokuroris, razmaZis sanqciiT „teroristuli aqtebi-
sTvis“ daWeril dokvaZe-gelbaxianis gaxmaurebul sasamarTlo
procesebze, rom ver daumtkices braldebebi, es cnobili faqtebia,
Tumca maT mainc umaRlesi sasjeli – daxvreta Seufardes.
xuntis prokurori v. razmaZe TviT afxazeTis omis gaCaReba-
Sic ki sdebs brals zviad gamsaxurdias: „eqsprezidenti yvelafers
akeTebda imisaTvis, rom afxazeT-saqarTvelos saomar moqmedebaSi
393
saqarTvelos dasaxmareblad ar Cabmuliyo l. qobalias gvardia,
xolo seqtembris TveSi, roca darwmunda, rom am omSi saqarTve-
los damarcxeba gardauvali iyo... 24 seqtembers Camovida saqarT-
veloSi“.
cnobilia, rom zviad gamsaxurdiam maSinve atexa gangaSi afxaz-
eTis omis wamowyebis Taobaze da amxila xuntis namdvili miznebi:
„saqarTvelos danaSaulebrivi samxedro xuntis meTaurma Sevard-
naZem daiwyo farTomasStabiani damsjeli operaciebi afxazeTSi...
SevardnaZis ukanono reJimi miznad isaxavs avtonomiuri respub-
likis kanonieri xelisuflebis damxobas da qarTvelebsa da afxa-
zebs Soris ZmaTamkvleli omis gaCaRebas, rac imperiis didi xnis
mizans warmoadgens... me movuwodeb qarTvel xalxs, kavkasiis xalx-
ebs, mTeli msoflios sazogadoebriobas, yvela keTili nebis ada-
mians genocidisagan daicvas mcirericxovani, mravaltanjuli afx-
azi xalxi, afxazeTis qarTuli mosaxleoba...“ 14 agvisto, 1992 weli.
SevardnaZem da arZinbam erToblivad ganaxorcieles ra imperiis
gegmebi afxazeTSi, genocidi mouwyves sakuTar xalxebs – afsuebsa
da qarTvelebs e. w. eTniuri omiT, rasac sinamdvileSi politikuri
mizezebi hqonda da ruseT-saqarTvelos omi iyo.
prezidenti gamsaxurdia, amgvari katastrofuli Sedegebis gaT-
valiswinebiT, yvela Semdgom mimarTvebSi „afxazi da qarTveli er-
isadmi“ mouwodebda orive mxares SeewyvitaT ZmaTamkvleli omi da
daewyoT molaparakebebi.
lozungiT „Sewydes afxazeTis omi!“ agreTve TbilisSi 1992
wlis 22 dekembers, Tavisuflebis moednidan metro rusTavelamde
Cveni xelmZRvanelobiT Catarda saprotesto manifestacia, rome-
lic daarbia SevardnaZis xuntisturma da antisaxelmwifoebrivma
reJimma.
394
saqarTvelodan afxazeTis mowyvetas xuntam jer kanonieri xe-
lisuflebis damxobiT, Semdgom – konstituciis gauqmebiT Cauyara
safuZveli, anu Seqmna samarTlebrivi baza. saqarTvelos konsti-
tuciis gauqmebam misca sababi afxazeTis xelisuflebas gaeZlier-
ebina separatistuli kursi da qarTuli kadrebis diskriminacia da
aRedgina 1925 wlis konstitucia, romelSic ar arsebobs afxazeTis
avtonomia.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, rogorc saqarTvelos kanonierma
prezidentma, afxazeTis uzenaesi sabWos 1992 wlis 23 ivlisis se-
siis antikonstituciuri aqtebi 1925 wlis konstituciis aRdge-
nis Sesaxeb, iuridiuli Zalis armqoned gamoacxada da gudauTaSi,
afxazeTis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares vladislav arZinbas spe-
cialuri depeSiT mimarTa: „afxazeTSi mSvidobisa da stabiluro-
bis aRdgenisaTvis, afxazi xalxis genocidisagan gadasarCenad
gTavazobT saswrafod moiwvioT parlamentis sesia da gaauqmoT
gadawyvetileba 1925 wlis konstituciis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. aRadg-
inoT avtonomiuri respublikis statusi da 1978 wlis konstitu-
cia“. 1992 w. 21 agvisto. saqarTvelos respublikis prezidenti
zviad gamsaxurdia.
395
zviad gamsaxurdia groznodan gamogzavnil mimarTvaSi „qarTve-
li erisadmi, afxazeTSi dislocirebuli yvela qarTveli meomri-
sadmi“ werda: „me movuwodeb afxazeTis teritoriaze dislocire-
bul yvela qarTvel mebrZolsa da meTaurs, sruliad saqarTvelos
mosaxleobas: ar daemorCiloT e. SevardnaZisa da misi komunisturi
xuntis brZanebebs (igulisxmeba regularuli brZanebebi ukandax-
evebis Sesaxeb. l. c.), ar daTmoT afxazeTis – ZirZveli qarTuli
miwis arc erTi goji, ar CaabaroT mters ukve mopovebuli pozicie-
bi, aRadginoT saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianoba, gaxsovdeT,
rom saqarTvelos respublikis sazRvari mdinare fsouze gadis“.
saqarTvelos respublikis prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, 1993
wlis 20 ivlisi.
razmaZiseuli braldeba, TiTqos zviad gamsaxurdia yvelafers
akeTebda, rom saomar moqmedebaSi ar Cabmuliyo qobalias gvard-
ia, morigi sicrue da ciliswamebaa, ris sailustraciodac mogvyavs
zviad gamsaxurdias mimarTvis arasruli teqsti qarTveli erisa da
soxumis, oCamCirisa da galis qarTveli meomrebisadmi: `... krimi-
nalur-komunisturi xelisuflebis gancxadeba imis Sesaxeb, TiTqos
soxumis mebrZolebs droze ar mieSvelnen Cveni SeiaraRebuli Se-
naerTebi, morigi nimuSia sicruis da ciliswamebis. kanonieri xe-
lisuflebis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi ibrZvian oCamCiris frontis
umniSvnelovanes monakveTze, magram maTi winsvla Seafrxa xuntis
mxriv sabotaJma da xelisSeSlam. afxazeTidan gamoyvanili teqnika
da cocxali Zala amJamad koncentrirebulia foTSi, samtrediaSi,
quTaissa da TbilisSi. nacvlad imisa, rom isini mieSvelon kanon-
ieri erovnuli gvardiis SenaerTebs, romelTac xelmZRvanelobs
l. qobalia. ai, es abrkolebs dRes oCamCiris frontis farTod
gaSlas, kodoris gadalaxvas da soxumel mebrZolebTan SeerTebas.
xunta, viTom, aRSfoTebulia gudauTis dajgufebis dabrunebiT
souxmSi, maSin rodesac man Tavad moawera xeli xelSekrulebas,
romlis erTi punqtic swored amas iTvaliswinebs.
am erovnuli RalatisaTvis pasuxismgebloba ekisreba Sevard-
naZes da mis ukanono reJims, risTvisac mas gansjis istoria da
qarTveli eri.
kanonieri xelisufleba ar dauSvebs saqarTvelos am ZirZveli
kuTxis dakargvas, igi ar yris farxmals afxazeTSi. uaxloes xanSi
mTels saqarTveloSi gamocxaddeba sayovelTao mobilizacia, yve-
396
la SeiaraRebuli Zala gaerTiandeba erTi samxedro xelmZRvanelis
qveS da davibrunebT dakargul poziciebs.
me movuwodeb qarTvel ers erTianobisaken, yvela erovnuli
Zalis mobilizaciisaken, raTa saerTo ZalisxmeviT SevinarCunoT
saqarTvelos es ulamazesi kuTxe da vixsnaT misi mosaxleoba de-
portaciisa da genocidisagan“. mimarTva gamoqveynda samegreloSi
gamomaval gazeT „walenjixis zarebSi“ 1993 wlis 16-30 seqtembris.
rogorc mogexsenebaT, batoni zviadi dabrunda kidec saqarTvelo-
Si da gamoacxada sayovelTao mobilizacia, afxazeTis gadarCe-
nisTvis mTeli arsenaliT Caeba omSi.
zviad gamsaxurdia „soxumis, oCamCirisa da galis qarTveli
meomrebisadmi mimarTvaSi“ mouwodebda: „Zvirfaso Tanamemamule-
no! mogmarTavT yvelas erToblivad, vinc dRes ibrZviT afxazeTSi,
vinaidan ar msurs Tqveni dayofa Cems momxreebad da aramomxree-
bad. dRes yoveli Tqvengani saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi inter-
esebisa da misi teritoriuli mTlianobis sadarajoze dgas da pa-
suxismgebelia RvTisa da eris winaSe.
msurs Tqveni yuradReba mivapyro moRalatur politikas Se-
vardnaZisa, romelmac mters Caabara saqarTvelos teritoria gumis-
Tidan fsoumde. iseve, rogorc mTeli samaCablo da amJamad amzadebs
gaugonar Ralats – soxumisa da oCamCiris Cabarebas... SevardnaZem
CaSala Cveni jarebis gumisTaze gadasvla da tyvarCelisa da gudau-
Tis aReba, rac mterTan misi garigebis Sedegia... Cemi diskreditaci-
is mizniT SevardnaZe... avrcelebs Worebs, TiTqos afxazeTSi Semov-
iyvane CeCeni mebrZolebi... xuntam soxumSi gaavrcela agreTve Wori,
TiTqos me tyvarCelis aRebis winaaRmdegi var, sinamdvileSi Cemi
pozicia aseTia, Tu oCamCiris afxazoba uars ityvis CvenTan Semo-
rigebaze, tyvarCeli aucileblad unda iqnas aRebuli, raTa oCam-
Cirec ar davkargoT da soxumi alyaSi ar aRmoCndes.
yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare me, saqarTvelos respub-
likis kanonieri prezidenti... Cems Tavs movaled vracx gamcnoT
Semdegi: dRes udidesi safrTxe emuqreba saqarTvelos teritori-
ul mTlianobas da dgas Cveni eris yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi.
dRes, rogorc arasdros, aucilebelia Cemi yofna Cems xalxTan,
gansakuTrebiT iseT regionebSi, sadac mas yvelaze metad uWirs.
aseTi regionia afxazeTi, sadac xuntam imperiis karnaxiT gaaCaRa
ZmaTamkvleli omi, romlis mizania afxazeTis qarTuli mosaxleo-
397
bis ganadgureba da am kuTxis mtrisTvis gadacema. miuxedavad Cemi
araerTgzisi cdisa, SevardnaZis, ioselianis, baTiaSvilis specsam-
saxuri miqmnis yovelgvar dabrkolebebs, raTa ver Camovide saqa-
rTvleoSi, SegaxsenebT, rom Cemi Camosvla gamoiwvevs ara marto
mosaxleobis konsolidacias, aramed sruli da sayovelTao mobi-
lizaciis dawyebas (xazgasma Cvenia – l. c.)... da omis bedic Cvens
sasargeblod gadawydeba“. 1993 w. 7 ivnisi.
ai aseTi gmiruli, Tavganwiruli suliskveTebiT dabrunda
devnili damoukidebeli saqarTvelos kanonieri prezidenti zug-
didSi 1993 w. 24 seqtembers. xolo Camosulma aseulaTasian mit-
ingze ase mimarTa Tavis ers:
„Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleno! Zmano da dano! me, saqarTvelos
kanonieri prezidenti davubrundi samSoblos da ganvagrZob eris
winaSe Cemi movaleobis Sesrulebas. me vxedav saqarTvelos umZimes
mdgomareobas, me ar SemeZlo aseT dros vyofiliyavi saqarTvelos
gareT... me Camovedi ara imisaTvis, rom gavaCaRo samoqalaqo omi,
an davsajo vinme, aramed Cemi mizania eris gamTlianeba da erovnu-
li Serigeba. da Tu mowinaaRmdege mxare Seignebs Tavis Secdomas,
Seinanebs Tavis danaSauls eris winaSe, me mzad var maTac gavuwodo
xeli... dRes saqarTvelo unda dairazmos eris xsnisaTvis, qveynis
teritoriuli mTlianobis dacvisaTvis. qarTuli sulis aRorZinebi-
saTvis. gaumarjos Cvens brZolas saqarTvelos gadasarCenad...“
im sagangebod SeTiTxnili braldebis pasuxad, rom TiTqos
zviad gamsaxurdia ar iyo politikosi da eswrafvoda izolacias,
moviyvan citatas misi 1991 wlis 25 noembris satelevizio ga-
mosvlidan: „... Cveni sagareo politikis ZiriTadi mimarTulebaa
is, rom ar wavideT araviTar kompromisze sanam centri... ar cnobs
Cvens damoukideblobasa da Tavisuflebas“, misi amgvari pozicia
iyo politikuri brZolis gagrZeleba saqarTvelos damoukideblo-
bis saerTaSoriso aRiarebisaTvis. ucxoeli JurnalistebisaTvis
micemul erT-erT interviuSi batoni zviadi ambobs: „me yovelT-
vis progresulad viyavi ganwyobili, yovelTvis msurda mWidro
kavSiri mqonoda ruseTTan, vocnebobdi, rom saqarTvelo yofili-
yo Tavisi didi Crdiloeli mezoblis bunebrivi mokavSire“ („gaz.
„saqarTvelos cis qveS“, 14 noemberi, 1992 w.).
viqtor rcxilaZis xmaurian qveTavSi „ianaevi amxels“, misi in-
tervius abrakadabras veraferi gavuge im ubralo mizezis gamo,
398
rom intervius nacvlad aq mxolod asoebia Cayrili. es teqniku-
ri xarvezi redaqcias gazeTis momdevno nomerSi gamousworebia,
saidanac vgebulobT, rom gkCp-s dReebSi ianaevs bevri urekavda da
mxars uWerda. „... saqarTvelodan damireka gamsaxurdiam, miTxra,
rom saqarTvelo usaTuod darCeba kavSiris SemadgenlobaSio“. am
interviuze dayrdnobiT v. rcxilaZe gasaocar wiaRsvlas akeTebs:
„... cxadi xdeba, rom 1991 wlis 31 marts didi zarzeimiT saqarT-
velos damoukirdeblobis gamocxadeba fiqcia iyo“.
jer erTi, Cven sruli safuZveli gvaqvs eWvi SevitanoT mosk-
ovur „literaturnaia gazetas“ 1999 w. 11-17 agvistos nomerSi ga-
moqveynebul ianaevis intervius namdvilobaSi, miTumetes, roca
srulebiT ucnobia intervius esodeni dagvianebiT gamoqveynebis
motivebi, amasTanave, Cven sruli safuZveli gvaqvs daveWvdeT ianae-
vis gancxadebis simarTleSic. kerZod, ratom unda vendoT koloni-
uri saxelmwifos erT-erT mrisxane meTaurs (igi vice-prezidenti
iyo), romelsac sZulda damoukideblobisa da Tavisuflebis mcne-
ba da misken mimswrafi mokavSire qveynebis politikuri liderebi,
gansakuTrebiT ki pirveli damoukidebeli respublikis, saqarTve-
los prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia?
19 agvistos moskovis putCTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos
prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdia 20 agvistos „dasavleTis qveynebis
xalxebisa da mTavrobebisadmi“ gagzavnil mimarTvaSi werda: „poli-
tikuri Sefaseba momxdari gadatrialebisa Zalze rTulia, vinaidan
jerjerobiT ar aris naTeli namdvili gadatrialebaa es, Tu mx-
olod garigeba an Sou (Cvenma prezidentma brZnulad ganWvrita: 29
agvistos „novoe ruskoi slovoSi“ gamoqveynda werili xmauriani sa-
TauriT: „gorbaCovi – saxelmwifo gadatrialebis organizatori?“,
romelSic yofili premieris valentin pavlovis pirveli moadgile
vladimer SCerbakovi putCis organizatorobaSi amxels gorbaCovsa
da elcinsac – l. c.) ...Seqmnili arastabiluri mdgomareoba, reaqci-
uli Zalebis SesaZlo gamarjveba safrTxes uqadis uwinares yovlisa
sabWoTa kavSirSi Semaval im respublikebs, romlebic ibrZvian da-
moukideblobisaTvis, TavisuflebisaTvis da romelTac hyavT xalx-
is mier arCeuli parlamenti da prezidenti“(mimarTvis sruli teqs-
ti ix. „saqarTvelos respublika“, 1991 w. 21 agvisto).
mZvinvare putCis dReebSi gakeTebul am mimarTvaSi naTladaa
gamokveTili zviad gamsaxurdias politikac da poziciac saqa-
399
rTvelos damoukideblobisadmi da igi arc Semdgom qceula fiq-
ciad. vidre amasac dokumenturad davamtkicebdeT, zemomoy-
vanil mimarTvaze vityviT oriod sityviT, rom igi aRemateba sxva
qveynebis meTaurTa analogiur dokumentebs Tavisi kategoriulo-
biTa da pirdapirobiT.
axla imis dasamtkiceblad, rom zviad gamsaxurdia bolomde
darCa saqarTvelos damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZol prezidentad,
gTavazobT misi ukanaskneli mimarTvis teqsts boris elcinisadmi:
„mis aRmatebulebas baton boris elcins, ruseTis sfs respub-
likis prezidents.
pativcemulo batono prezidento!
belorusiis respublikis, ruseTis sfs respublikisa da ukrain-
is 1991 wlis 8 dekembris SeTanxmebis Sesabamisad ssr kavSirma, ro-
gorc saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqtma, Sewyvita arseboba. amis
safuZvelze erTaderT samarTlebriv dokumentad, romelic gan-
sazRvravs ruseTis sfs respublikisa da saqarTvelos respublikis
saxelmwifoTaSoris urTierTobas, unda miviCnioT 1920 wlis 7 mai-
sis xelSekruleba. vinaidan saqarTvelos respublika, saqarTvelos
demokratiuli respublikis uflebamonacvlea da radgan saqarTve-
los respublikis uzenaesma sabWos 1991 wlis 9 aprils gamoacxa-
da saxelmwifo damoukideblobis aRdgena 1918 wlis 26 maisis da-
moukideblobis aqtis safuZvelze 1991 wlis 31 marts gamarTuli
respublikuri referendumis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, es xelSekruleba
ar aris denonsirebuli, arc ruseTis sfs respublikis, arc saqa-
rTvelos respublikis xelisuflebis uzenaesi organoebis mier.
mogiwodebT Cveni qveynebis saerTaSoriso urTierToba Seusa-
bamoT zemoT naxseneb xelSekrulebas ruseTis sfs respublikis da
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWoebis TavmjdomareTa 1991
wlis 23 martis yazbegis Sexvedris oqmis suliskveTebiT, raTa Ses-
aZlebeli gaxdes bolo aTwleulebis periodSi wamoWrili sakiTx-
ebis mogvareba.
Rrmad pativiscemiT zviad gamsaxurdia

Tbilisi, 1991 w. 10 dekemberi
„saqarTvelos respublika“, 1991 w. 13 dekemberi
400
isic xom kargad aris cnobili, rom saqarTvelom, alma-ataSi
samokavSireo xelSekrulebaze, 1991 wlis 20 dekembers, xeli ar
moawera?
lamis kliSedqceuli braldebebis gamo xSirad gviwvevs
erTidaigive dokumentebis moSvelieba sxvadasxva avtorTa
ciliswamebebis gasabaTileblad, risTvisac bodiSs vuxdiT
mkiTxvelebs.
kitovanis rkonSi gasvlis ZiriTad mizezad aqac gvardiis
statusis Secvlis Sesaxeb prezidentis 19 agvistos brZanebulebaa
miCneuli maSin, roca es mxolod sababi iyo.
2 seqtembris mitingis avantiuraze Cven amomwuravad gaveciT
pasuxi werilSi „zviad gamsaxurdia erovnuli moZraobis
Crdilovani mxarea?!“ (ix. gaz. „gauxmaurebeli faqtebi“
№12(112)–№17(117), 1999 w.) da aq aRar gavimeorebT.
moskovSi gamocemuli wignis „zviad gamsaxurdias avto-
biografiis“ gamo, viqtor rcxilaZis Tavdasxmis obieqti qalbatoni
manana arCvaZec gamxdara, romlis `kgb~-s agentobis dasamtkiceblad
ukve meored iSveliebs „asaval-dasavalSi“ gamoqveynebul
qalbaton bela SalvaSvilis werils, romelsac kvlavac araswori
interpretaciiT awvdis mkiTxvels; batono viqtor, ras aikviateT
es „kgb-s arqivi“, romelmac gasagebi mizezebis gamo, aSkaraa, rom
simSvide dagikargaT, magram, aki giTxariT (gaz. „gauxmaurebeli
faqtebi“, 1999 wlis nomrebi), SalvaSvili, Tqvens mier moxmobil
werilSi axsenebs prezidentis arqivs da ara kgb-s arqivs. kvlavac
vimedovneb, rom ar mkiTxavT: ra arqivi unda hqonoda zviad
gamsaxurdiaso. da saerTod vimedovnebT, rom aRar isurvebT
brZolis velze sarfianad gamoxtomas.
v. rcxilaZesTan vrceli polemika is-is iyo davasrule, rom
gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ pres-mdivanma 1999 wlis 2
seqtembris nomeri Semomitana, romlis me-3 gverdze dabeWdilia
nodar lomouris pozicia saTauriT: „Serigeba aucilebelia,
magram movlenebis Sefaseba istoriis amocanaa“. batoni nodaric,
iseve rogorc batoni viqtori, suliT xorcamde SeSfoTebulia
„Serigebisa da reabilitaciis“ kampaniiT da „saqarTvelos
parlamentis 2000 wlis 20 aprilis dadgenilebiT“, romelTa
mimarTac Cven, „zviad ganmaTavisufleblebs“, diametralurad
gansxvavebuli pozicia gagvaCnia. sicruiTa da siyalbiT savse
401
aRniSnuli dadgenileba SevardnaZis xuntistur-diqtatoruli
reJimis samomavlod ganmtkicebis garantiebs ufro Seicavs,
vidre samarTlianobisa da kanonierebis aRdgenis realur niSnebs.
masSi, aramcTu sityvierad, aramed miniSnebiTac ki ar aris
dagmobili konkretulad dekember-ianvris samxedro gadatrialeba:
dadgenilebis 1 punqti mxolod zogadad da samomavlod gmobs
legitimuri xelisuflebis ZaladobiT damxobas. dadgenilebiT
gansazRvruli klasifikacia „samoqalaqo konfliqtebis,
dapirispirebisa da konfrontaciebis Sesaxeb“, ar asaxavs maSindel
sinamdviles, vinaidan 1991-92 wlebSi, saqarTveloSi ar hqonia
adgili raime seriozul samoqalaqo dapirispirebas (poziciebis
niadagze ar dafiqsirebula moqalaqeTa Soris SuRlis, erTmaneTis
daWris, an mokvlis arc erT faqti) da miTumetes samoqalaqo omi ar
yofila, aramed iyo putCi – samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialeba.
dapirispireba ki dRemde arsebobs mxolod ersa da iaraRiT mosul
moZalade xelisuflebas Soris. aqedan gamomdinare, ers araferi
sWirs erTmaneTTan Sesarigebeli da „erovnuli Tanxmobis“
safarveliT SeniRbuli saparlamento komisiac, sinamdvileSi
„xelisuflebasTan Tanxmobisa da Serigebis komisiaa“, magram,
radgan im „2000 wlis 20 aprilis dadgenilebam“ ase Tu ise mainc
imuSava, rasac mowmobs viqtor rcxilaZisa da nodar lomouris
reaqciebi, Semdgomi kritikuli Sefasebebisagan Tavs SevikavebT.
ramdenadac viciT, parlmentSi Seqmnilia kidec e. w. „integraciis
komisia“, romelic albaT mTeli simZlavriT amoqmeddeba „erovnuli
Tanxmobis komisiis“ funqciis srulad amowurvis Semdgom, anu
moxdeba misi Canacvleba. rac Seexeba prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
„reabilitaciis“ sakiTxs, igi populistur gancxadebaTa rigs ufro
ganekuTvneba.
araqarTuli warmoSobis mecnieri nodar lomouris mZulvare
damokidebuleba erovnuli prezidentisa da xelisuflebisadmi
sazogadod cnobilia da misi es werilic am mimarTebiT axals
arafers Seicavs – igi mTlianad eTanxmeba Cvens mier xsenebul
viqtor rcxilaZes. amitom mis mier moyvanil SeTiTxnil
braldebebze calke aRar SevCerdebiT.
diax, samjavro, arc ise Sors aris da iaraRasxmul da xuntis
ideolog „wiTel inteligencias“ SeSfoTebis safuZveli namdvilad
gaaCnia; vis Tu ara maT, unda scodnodaT, rom momavalSi
402
berbiWaSvilebis, maxaraZeebisa da orjonikiZeebis saxelis Tanaziari
gaxdebodnen, rom moRalateebad Seracxavda STamomavloba, romelTa
winaSe gulisamaCuyeblad RaRadebs SiSSeparuli nodar lomouri: „...
Cven, vinc am aqciis ganxorcielebaSi vmonawileobdiT... dasagmobi
ki ara varT, aramed es Cvens biografiaSi saamayo furclebia da
Cvenma Svilebma da STamomavlobam swored ase da mxolod ase
unda Seafasos Cveni qmedebani“.
ai, klasikuri nimuSi komunisturi mentalitetis mqone
odiozuri pirovnebisa.
leila comaia
gaz. „axali epoqa“, 34, 36 2000 w.
„Cveni mwerlobis“ saliteraturo CanarTi 17-18
zviad gamsaxurdias ybadaRebuli monaniebis Sesaxeb
eris mamebisadmi qondriskacTa, Tu kolaboracionalistTa

ugunuri mtrobis katastrofuli Sedegebi mTeli sisastikiT
iwvnia saqarTvelom da qarTvelma erma. kolaboracionalistebma,
eris mamebs, Sublsa da safeTqelSi esroles tyvia, magram ver
mokles! amitomac iqcnen ugunurTa xrovis maradiul samizned
iliac da zviadic, magram iseve, rogorc gulqva da sastiki Tavadis
saxelis SeqmniT veraferi daakles ilias sidiades, verc zviadis
sidiades daakleben rasmes e. w. monaniebis miliardjer SexsenebiT
ustiaSvilebi da misi kolaboracionalisti Zmanni.
sinanulsa da gulwrfel gakvirvebas im piruTvneli
da ganswavluli mecnierebis mimarT gamovTqvamT mxolod,
romlebmac, avismCxrekel Txunelebis msgavsad, dRemde ver
gaiges zviad gamsaxurdiaseuli faqtiuri monaniebis mniSvneloba
saqarTvelosaTvis (mxedvelobaSi gvyavs cnobili kritikosi
da literatori batoni rostom CxeiZe da sxv. gazeTi „axali
saqarTvelo“, „Tu sawuTroman damamxos“, 1998 w.). arada, is fiqtiuri
monanieba rom ara, saqarTvelos uaxles istoriaSi, eris Rirsebis
Semlaxveli orsaukunovani saxelmwifoebrivi monobis Semdgom, ar
gveqneboda 1991 wlis 31 martis brwyinvale referendumi da amave
wlis 9 aprilis saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis
aRdgenis aqti.
403
erovnuli moZraobisa da politikuri organizaciebisaTvis
dRemde sruliad ucnobi e. w. saxalxo-demokratiuli partiis
lideri vinme guram ustiaSvili „asaval-dasavlisaTvis“ (2000 w. №26)
micemul Tavis vrcel interviuSi ki acxadebs, rom „ar SeiZleboda
lideri yofiliyo kaci, vinc 1977 wels Tavisi saqmianoba moinania
da aRiara vcdebodio“.
cxadia, ustiaSvilebs eocnebebodaT, zviads gardauval
sikvdil-sicocxlis zRvarzec, Cveuli ukompromisoba gamoeCina
da umal, 1977 welsve, moskovis serbskis saxelobis fsiqiatriul
klinikaSi (igive fsiqiatriul cixeSi) daesrulebina Tavisi
gmiruli disidenturi moRvaweoba da sicocxlec, magram zviad
gamsaxurdiasaTvis cxovrebis mizani gmirobis saxelisTvis zrunva
ki ar yofila oden, aramed – Tavisi erisa da qveynisaTvis,
ruseTis imperiis orsaukunovani monobis uRlisagan saqarTvelos
gaTavisuflebisaTvis iRvwoda.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, sabWoTa disidentebs Soris erTaderTma
SesZlo, saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobisa da erovnuli
Tavisuflebis ideis garSemo, mTeli qarTveli eris konsolidacia,
rac damangrevel Zalad iqca qveyanaSi komunisturi reJimis
usisxlod damxobaSi. xolo, rogorc damoukidebeli qveynis
prezidentma, jansaRi da progresuli nacionalisturi ideebiTa
da zneobriv-samarTlebrivi politikiT safrTxe Seuqmna
masonur msoflio wesrigs, saqveynod daupirispirda ra masonTa
kosmopolitur ideebs.
zviad gamsaxurdia yvelaze didi masStabis nacionalisturi
mebrZoli iyo sabWoTa disidentebs Soris. zviadma, im fiqtiuri
monaniebiT, rogorc disidentma, Tavi saqarTvelosTvis gadairCina
da prezidentic – saqarTvelosTvis mokvda.
imisaTvis, rom daCrdilos zviad gamsaxurdias disidenturi
biografia, vinme guram ustiaSvili dRemde gaugonar, sensaciur
ciliswamebas avrcelebs: „... cixeSi igi sulac ar mjdara,
abakumovis agarakze cxovrobda. abakumovi ki sabWoTa kavSiris
„suk“-is yofili Sefi iyoo“. ecodineboda ki, uSiSroebis
maRalCinosan ustiaSvils ruseTis kgb-is cixis kuluaruli ambebi...
es iumoriT, xolo seriozulad ki, zviads `kgb~-s izolatorSi
SesTavazes sazRvargareT wasvla, razedac zviadma kategoriuli
uariT upasuxa, ris Semdgomac igi gadaiyvanes moskovis `suk~-is
404
lefertovos cixeSi, xolo iqedan ramodenime dReSi ki – serbskis
saxelobis fsiqiatriul institutSi (igive fsiqiatriul cixeSi),
sadac, agreTve SesTavazes sazRvargareT emigracia, moaxdines
sxvadasxvagvari zewolebi, emuqrebodnen Svilis sikvdiliT. zviad
gamsaxurdias mtkice uaris gamo aWianurebdnen mis fsiqiatriul
Semowmebas, ganagrZobdnen wamebas, ramac igi aiZula gamoecxadebina
SimSiloba. SimSilobam daaCqara komisiis mowveva. komisiam, romelic
Sedga 1978 wlis 4 dekembers, igi janmrTelad scno. fsiqiatriul
komisias ki gamsaxurdiaze swori daskvna aiZula konferenciam
romelic 1977 wlis agvistoSi Catarda honoluluSi (aSS), sadac
dagmobil da mxilebul iqna sabWoTa kavSiris fsiqiatriuli
klinikebis sadamsjelo medicina, ris safuZvelzec sabWoTa kaSviri
gairicxa msoflios fsiqiatriuli asociaciis wevrobidan. agreTve,
zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas Sesaxeb, sabWoTa kavSiris
sagareo saqmeTa saministroSi protestebi gagzavnes msoflios
sxvadasxva fsiqiatrebmac. amave periodSi zviad gamsaxurdia da
merab kostava, aSS-s kongresis mier wardgenil iqnen nobelis
premiaze.
amgvarma rezonansma aiZula sabWoTa fsiqiatrTa komisia gamoetana
swori daskvnebi zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas fsiqiuri
mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. (mkiTxvels vTxovT ufro dawvrilebiT
amis Sesaxeb gaecnos zviad gamsaxurdias avtobiografiul wignSi
„damoukidebeli saqarTvelosTvis“, gamocemulia moskovSi 1996
w. rusul enaze da konstantine gamsaxurdias wignSi „dinebis
sawinaaRmdegod“, romelic gamoica 1997 w.).
janmrTelad cnobis Semdgom, zviad gamsaxurdia dabrunebul
iqna lefertovos cixeSi, saidanac igi kvlav gadmoiyvanes Tbilisis
`suk~-is cixeSi.
sruliad saqarTvelos zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partielebi
kategoriulad moviTxovT guram ustiaSvilisagan, dagvimtkicos,
romel periodSi cxovrobda patimari zviad gamsaxurdia moskovSi
abakumovis agarakze.
„asaval-dasavalis“ redaqcias ki madlobas movaxsenebT g.
ustiaSvilis intervius gamoqveynebisaTvis im TvalsazrisiT, rom
amgvari interviuebi aaSkaraveben politikuri organizaciebisa da
misi liderebis warmomavlobas, anu lustrirebuls xdian maT.
leila comaia
405
yuradReba, mesame modis...
gazeTma „axalma Taobam“ 1995 wlis 16 noembris nomerSi (№46),

rubrikiT „sazogadoeba“ dabeWda oTar zoiZis vrceli statia sa-
TauriT: „saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis problemebi“.
statiis avtori umaRlesi kategoriis politologis mentoru-
li toniT mimoixilavs ra zviad gamsaxurdiasa da eduard Sevard-
naZis xelisuflebis „strategiuli xasiaTis SecdomebiT“ aRsavse
periods, askvnis, rom „orive maTganis moRvaweobam saqarTvelos
arnaxulad mZime Sedegebi moutana“.
Cven ar vapirebT statiis avtorTan seriozul polemikas im
ubralo mizezis gamo, rom wakiTxulma statiam dagvarwmuna: gar-
da imisa, rom mis avtors aRreuli aqvs kriteriumebi (borotisa
da keTilis, erovnulisa da antierovnulis, mtrisa da moyvris),
amasTanave warmodgena ara aqvs zviad gamsaxurdias politikur
kredosa da renomeze, mis erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi damoukide-
blobisa da aRmSeneblobis strategiul gezsa da mimarTulebeb-
ze, saqarTvelos religiuri da erovnuli aRorZinebis umTavres
miznebze.
mokled, ara aqvs codna zviad gamsaxurdias Sesaxeb, anu ver
swvdeba mas. amitom ver ganusxvavebia misi zogadsakacobrio
demokratiuli, erovnuli politikuri kursi SevardnaZis orT-
odoqsuli komunisturi imperiuli kursisagan.
aqedan gamomdinare, cxadia igi ver gaanalizebda da saTanadod
ver Seafasebda 1991 wlis 4 oqtombridan 1993 wlis 31 dekembris
CaTvliT saqarTvelos kanonieri prezidentis winaaRmdeg etapo-
brivad gaxorcielebul samxedro agresiis mizezebs ruseTis impe-
riis mxridan.
garda imisa, rom igi profanulad mimoixilavs 1990-94 wlebis
uaxles istorias, Segnebulad Cqmalavs faqtebs. kerZod igi ar aR-
iarebs 1991 wlis 9 aprilisa da 26 maisis saqarTvelos damoukide-
blobis aRdgenis aqtebs, aramed laparakobs raRac „saqarTvelos
damoukidebeli saxelmwifoebriobis Seqmnis mcdelobis (xazi Cemia
– l. c.) umZimes marcxze“, raSic o. zoiZe erTnairad adanaSaulebs
zviad gamsaxurdiasac da SevardnaZesac.
statiis avtoris mizani aSkaraa: qarTvel xalxs Seuryios rwme-
na zviad gamsaxurdiasi, amoSanTos misi xateba xalxis gulebidan,
406
daaeWvos, daarwmunos isini, rom eTayvanebodnen ara Zliersa da
dids, aramed sustsa da uniaTos.
SevardnaZe ar varga? arc zviad gamsaxurdia vargoda. aseTia
o. zoiZiseuli formula, romelic mis statiaSi axsnadia. ker-
Zod: marTalia orive erTnairad da Tanabrad saqarTvelos Tavi-
suflebisaTvis ibrZodnen, magram am mesianistur ideas maT xor-
ci ver Seasxes, radgan oriveni ararealisti da antireformisti
politikosebi iyvnen. „swored antireformizmi aRmoCnda is wy-
alqveSa klde, romelzedac daimsxvra qarTuli saxelmwifoebrioba
da romelmac gamsaxurdia da SevardnaZe uZRebi SviliviT ruseTis
jars miayena“.
diax, zemoxsenebuli statia, Tavidan bolomde gulmodgine cdaa
daarwmunos eri, sazogadoeba zviad gamsaxurdiasa da SevardnaZis
politikis erTnairad uvargisobasa da danaSaulebriv mcdarobaSi,
raTa gza gauxsnas mesames...
manam ki saWiroa da aucilebeli gamsaxurdias „kerpis“ msxvreva,
raTa kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenaze fiqri sabolood ganuqa-
rvos „zviadistebs“. amis saukeTeso iaraRia gamsaxurdias Sevard-
naZesTan gaTanabreba da am mcdelobaSi, garda imisa, rom o. zoiZe
mkrexelobamde dadis, tyuilsac ar Takilobs: „orive maTgani(?! –
l. c.) moqalaqeTa didi mxardaWeriT sargeblobda“, acxadebs „did-
sulovnad da keTilsindisierad“ da sulac ar rcxvenia realobis
ase xelaRebiT gayalbebis.
ras vizamT, radgan mis nacvlad uneburad Cven davircxvineT,
unda CavyveT da „moqalaqeTa did mxardaWerad“ masTan erTad Cvenc
unda aRviqvaT SevardnaZis gadadgomis speqtaklebze, gasuli wlis
14 seqtembersa da a. w. 27 seqtembers „imelis“ Senobis win, pirvel
SemTxvevaSi xuTasamde da ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi orasamde moqa-
laqis usafrTxo misvla-miyvana, romelic tolia, ki, zviad gamsax-
urdias mxardamWer, dasaxvret-dasarbevad ganwirul permanentul
mitingebze asiaTasobiT Tavganwiruli moqalaqeebisa.
kidev kargi o. zoiZem savsebiT ar dakarga obieqturobis grZno-
ba da am gamalebul, egzaltirebul mcdelobaSi ar Segvapara: orive
(gamsaxurdia da SevardnaZe) erTnairad uyvars qarTvel xalxso,
Torem namdvilad gagviWirdeboda zviad gamsaxurdias suraTebiT,
gulze saTuTad mixutebuli aTeulobiT adamianebis msgavsad, Se-
vardnaZis suraTiT xelSi, Tundac erTi moqalaqis gaxseneba.
407
gulwrfelad madlobeli varT o. zoiZesi, rom aseT uxerxu-
lobaSi ar Cagvagdo.
politikuri umecreba, nebayoflobiTi sibece an uRmerTobaa
swored ori absoluturad da radikalurad gansxvavebuli orient-
aciisa da politikuri reitingisa da moralis mqone pirovnebis –
damangreveli, antixalxuri moRvaweobis xana erTnairad Seafaso.
SevardnaZis antixalxurobis sailustraciod ki, Tundac erTi mag-
aliTi kmara: is totaluri socialur-ekonomikuri diversia, ra-
sac igi dRemde mimarTavs sakuTari xalxis winaaRmdeg (eleqtro-
energiisa da gazis gamorTva, sasmeli wylis miwodebis Sewyveta,
pursa da transportze fasebis katastrofulad momateba da rige-
bi maRaziebSi produqciis simciris gamo...).
ai eg gaxlavT swored provinciuli faSizmis saxasiaTo gam-
ovlineba tipiuri provincieli politikosis mxridan.
magram zviad gamsaxurdiasa da SevardnaZis erT rakursSi ganx-
ilvas, gazeTSi ideologiuri datvirTva aqvs da „axal TaobaSi“
avtors, aRniSnuli statia, SemTxveviT ar miutania; mxolodRa
maameblobis SemTxvevaSi ufro upriani iqneboda igi „mesame xeli-
sufalis“ (ak. asaTianis) realuri kandidatis gazeTSi – „qarTvel
erSi“ – daebeWda, magram aq („axal TaobaSi“) mocemul statias yvela
„zviadisti“ waikiTxavda, maT Soris prozviadistulad ganwyobili,
anu „wiTeli inteligenciis“ TqmiT, „mowamluli“ axalgazrdobac.
arCevnebis mzadebis kvaldakval, ideologebis mxridan gamoikve-
Ta tendencia zviad gamsaxurdiasa da SevardnaZis erT sibrtyeze
warmoCenis; dabejiTebiT cdiloben daamkvidron azri, rogorc Se-
vardnaZis, aseve zviad gamsaxurdias uvargisi, cudi politikoso-
bis Sesaxeb.
e. w. Tavisufali presa (oriode gazeTis gamoklebiT) am „sa-
Sur“ mizans emsaxureba da mondomebiT cdilobs gza gauxsnas me-
same xelisufals.
Tuki mesame xelisuflebis mosvlis winapirobad an Tu garantad
zviad gamsaxurdias, rogorc politikuri moRvawis damcroba-gan-
qiqeba gesaxebaT, garwmunebT rom igi (mesame xelisufleba) ver
mova demokratiuli arCevnebis gziT! rameTu Tqveni demagogiuri
ideologiiT samarTlianad aRSfoTebuli qarTveli xalxi, kanon-
ieri xelisuflebis momxreTa 87%, mesame xelisuflebis arCevnebs
408
ufro mZafr boikots gamoucxadebs da es iqneba Tqveni ugunuri
ideologiis pirdapiri Sedegi.
leila comaia
1995 weli.
kvlav, zviad gamsaxurdias „monaniebis“ Sesaxeb
amas winaT, erTma cnobilma erovnulma mweralma, rwmenisa da

imedisagan sruliad daclili xmiT damireka: yovel dRe TviTmkvl-
elobaze vfiqrob, Cemma arsebobam ukve savsebiT dakarga azri. dRe-
vandeloba da momavali maSinebs, TviTmkvlelobiT msurs gaveqceo...
saqarTvelo TviTmkvlelTa sasaflaod iqca!
amgvari totaluri katastrofis fonze, marTlac, rom cidamt-
kavlur intrigad moCans TiTidan gamowovili braldebebi saqarT-
velos erovnuli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT, rom-
lebic mxolod pirovnul wyenas emyareba.
is fiqtiuri monanieba Teimuraz WanturiSvilebisa da vaxtang
WeliZeebis msgavsma avismCxrekelebma aiRes ybad, Torem, gana kaci
mxolod saqmiT ar warmoCindeba? zviadmac, gana saqmiT ar daamt-
kica, rom ar Semdrkala da cixidan gamosulma, gana kvlav ar ga-
nagrZo brZola?
monaniebis gaazrebuli taqtikiT da maRalideuri TviTSegnebiT
aris nasazrdoebi merab kostavas cnobili gancxadeba, romelsac,
agreTve, ganikiTxavs fsevdodisidenti Teimuraz WanturiSvili Ta-
vis paskvilebis serialebSi („axali provokacia moskovidan“, „saqa-
rTvelos respublika“, №237-240). WanturiSvili, romelmac ver
SeZlo zviadis TanamebrZoloba, radgan ar iyo merabiviT wrfeli
da srulfasovani, nacvlad imisa, rom vaJkacurad aRiaros Tavisi
sisuste – zviads geslavs, masze qilikobs: „kidev kargi, Cemi kri-
tikosebi imas ver weren, rom vova sixaruliZe (disidenti, zviadis
TanamebrZoli)aRmerTebda z. gamsaxurdiaso, Torem dRes siciliT
mokvdeboda yvela is, vinc cxonebul vovas icnobdao“, romelsac,
Turme, erTxel „lazaTianad SeukurTxebia“ zviadisaTvis.
amxanago „disidento“ Teimuraz WanturiSvilo, Tqvens mier
arcTu mTlad saxarbielo konteqstSi moxseniebuli bela Salv-
409
aSvili, vova sixaruliZis uaxloesi megobari iyo, romlisTvisac,
erTxel, belas ukiTxavs: „vova, Sen xom zviadisa da merabis mego-
bari da TanamebrZoli iyavi, axla ratomRa ar dgaxar maTTan, iqneb
pativsac aRar scem ukve?“
„pativs axlac vcem, bela, zviads da merabs, magram... mag
dalocvilebs uzarmazari energia aqvs brZolis, me ki ar meyo en-
ergia... Tanac, xom ici, gulic mawuxebs“, – uTqvams vovas. Tqven ki
gsurT, Crdili miayenoT mis naTel xsovnas.
gana WanturiSvilismieri arasrulfasovnebisa da Suris ga-
moxatuleba ar gaxlavT dausrulebeli piradi mtroba zviad gam-
saxurdias winaaRmdeg wiTeli „inteligenciis“ mxridan, rasac eri
da qveyanac gadaayoles?
70-iani wlebis „disidenti“ Teimuraz WanturiSvilis saxeli
da vinaoba, qarTveli erisaTvis, saqarTvelos pirveli preziden-
tis winaaRmdeg paskvilebis gamoqveynebiT, 90-iani wlebis mi-
wuruls, rogorc iqna gaxda cnobili. im paskvilebis serialebiT
ki man, guram ustiaSvilis msgavsad, Tavisi pirovnebis lustrireba
ufro moaxdina, vidre zviad gamsaxurdias daaklo rame. xsenebuli
paskvilebiTa da saxelmwifo kancelariaSi muSakobiT, fsevdodis-
identma Teimuraz WanturiSvilma Tavad ukeT amxila Tavi. Cven,
arc vaxtang WeliZis „maoxrebeli mkvdris“ sruli ganxilva-Sefase-
bisTvis gavirjebiT, romelic, agreTve STagonebulia zviad gam-
saxurdias avtobiografiuli wigniT da zogadad, misi siZulviliT.
vwerT mocemul pasuxs da winaswar viciT, „saqarTvelos res-
publikisa“ da „literaturuli saqarTvelos“ redaqtorebi kvla-
vac ar dagvibeWdaven, magram werils, gavbedavT da mainc mivitanT,
oRond, amjerad, dacvis TanxlebiT... Tumca, maT „demokratiisaT-
vis“ iRvawes, TiTqos!..
ai, ras mouwodebda „SemoqmedebiTi inteligencia“ 1991 wels
ers: „yvela SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris wevrebma xma aRimaRlon diqta-
torul-biurokratiuli mmarTvelobis yovelnairi gamovlinebis
winaaRmdeg“ („literaturuli saqarTvelo“, 4 oqtomberi, 1991 w.).
„gamsaxurdias diqtaturis“ damxobis Semdgom „demokratiuli
revoluciis“ erT-erTma aqtiurma Semoqmedma Tamaz wivwivaZem,
erovnuli xelisuflebis, kanonierebisa da samarTlianobis momx-
re poet bela SalvaSvils uTxra: „Sedevrebic rom gqondes, ar
dagibeWdav, radgan mweralTa kavSiridan gaxvedio“. „demokratiis
idealebisadmi erTgulma“ imave mweralma, arc me damibeWda polem-
410
ikuri werili 1992 wels. metic, redaqciaSi misuls, misma moadgile
jumber TiTmeriam fizikuri da sityvieri Seuracxyofa momayena.
batoni vaxtang WeliZe ise ganurisxebia Tavisufali da damou-
kidebeli saqarTvelos pirvel prezident zviad gamsaxurdias av-
tobiografiul wigns – arad Caugdia misi istoriuli Rirebuleba
da fsevdo-disident Teimuraz WanturiSvilis msgavsad, oden pi-
radi Rirebulebis mixedviT ganixilavs mas da risxavs preziden-
tis did mamas, TviT konstantine gamsaxurdiasac; igi „nkvd“-s
agentobasa da fulis moyvareobas ukiJinebs, romanebsac uwunebs
klasikos mwerals. „xarbi gatacebiT uyvarda zviads fulio“, – am-
bobs zviad gamsaxurdiazec. es WeliZiseuli metria, Torem, dRes
mainc xom icis yvelam, rom zviads Tavisi da mamis honorarebic
aralegaluri literaturis, antisabWoTa Jurnal-gazeTebisa da
proklamaciebis dabeWdva-gavrcelebisa da sxva amgvari miznobrivi
xarjebisaTvis sWirdeboda da ara piradi, Tu ojaxis keTildReo-
bisaTvis, romelsac namdvilad ar ulxinda.
Tavad finansurad SeWirvebuli zviadi, xelmokle Taname-
brZolebsac umarTavda xels, Tavad gaxldiT erT-erTi imaTgani
da sxvebic vici, visac zviadi Seewia. amitomac, arc amaSi xarT
marTali, batono vaxtang, roca werT: „... yvelaferi fuliT izome-
boda, naTesavi da axlobeli misTvis ar arsebobdao“. amis damamt-
kiceblad, arc misi naxevar-dis magaliTi gamogadgebaT, rameTu,
memkvidreobiTobaze is xmauriani sasamarTloebi ufro komunis-
turi reJimis provocirebuli iyo zviad gamsaxurdias diskred-
itaciisaTvis, vidre realurad arsebobda amis mizezi. da-Zmis
urTierTobaSi qonebrivi wilis problema, ubralod, ar iyo – igi
Seqmnes... TqvenisTanebisaTvis, batono vaxtang! konstantine gamsax-
urdias „nkvd“-s agentobazec da miT ufro -Tqvens mier kapik-kapik
daTvlil mis honorarebze, aba ra unda gipasuxoT...
„Senc su da mec su“-s moralze aRzrdil sabWoTa gamomcemel
baton vaxtang WeliZes ver warmoudgenia pirovnebis mxileba pira-
di wyenis gareSe. amitomac Rrmad aris darwmunebuli, rom zviad
gamsaxurdiam, Tavis avtobiografiaSi igi „krupnii vziatoCnikad“
wyenis gamo moixsenia da sapasuxo werilSi, batoni vaxtangic, Ca-
moTvlis yvela wyenas, rac zviadisTvis, misi varaudiT miuyenebia.
werilis daskvniT nawilSi, vaxtang WeliZe krulavs zviads,
TiTqos man Tavisi prezidentobis mokle droSi moaswro sepa-
ratizmis gaRviveba, erovnuli erTianobis xelyofa, qveynis dam-
411
Rupveli izolacia, karvebis gaSla, SemoqmedebiTi inteligenciis
Seuracxyofa da axlac, Turme, „mkvdaric aoxrebs qveyanas... is ma-
oxrebeli mkvdaria...“, risTvisac, Turme misi moRvaweoba samarcx-
vino furclad darCeba eris istoriaSi.
batono vaxtang, prezident gamsaxurdias moRvaweoba ki ar
darCeba „samarcxvino furclad eris istoriaSi“, aramed – Tqveni-
sTana qondriskacebis, romlebmac antierovnuli da gamTiSveli
moRvaweobiT, Tavad SeZeliT erovnuli erTianobis xelyofa –
erTi muWani daupirispirdiT mTels ers da qveyanasac umtreT. Si-
naaSlilobam ki noyieri niadagi Seuqmna da gza misca osur-afxaz-
ur separatizms, rac gsurT, agreTve gamsaxurdias gadaabraloT.
„inteligencia“ da SeiaraRebuli opozicia erToblivad qmni-
diT politikur da ideologiur klimats damoukidebeli qveynis
sruli izolaciisaTvis, penklubisadmi Tqvens mier gagzavnili
gancxadebac kmara amis magaliTad, xolo SeiaraRebuli opoziciis
– „mxedrionisadmi“ – Tqveni simpaTiebi da aSkara mxardaWera naT-
lad metyvelebda Tqvens mtrul miznebze da amocanebze.
ratom ar ikisreT, Tundac moraluri pasuxismgebloba „mxe-
drionis“ 1991-92-93 wlebis sisxliani da damangreveli agresiis
gamo sakuTari eris winaaRmdeg? ratom ar gamoxateT protesti?
es Tqven, e. w. SemoqmedebiTma inteligenciam SeasruleT maoxre-
blis roli erisa da samSoblos mimarT da ara, zviad gamsaxurdiam!
kriminalebis gaidealebiT xelgawafuli mwerlebi, axla
morfinistebis gaidealebasac cdilobT da kvlav „mxedrions“ ex-
matkbilebiT. Cven ki, mkvdradyofili „mxedrionis“ reanimacia
gvafiqrebinebs, rom ruseTsa da SevardnaZes, saqarTveloSi morigi
farTomasStabiani agresia aqvT dagegmili. jaba ioselianisa da misi
xrovis sasamarTlo procesebze mowmeebis ararseboba ganpirobebu-
li iyo undoblobis faqtoriT SevardnaZis xuntisturi, ukanono
xelisuflebisadmi, romelmac SeiZleba uaxloes momavalSi cixidan
gamouSvas „mxedrionis“ bandebi da SurisZiebis mizniT maT uaresi
ubedureba ar daatexon yofil mowme-dazaralebulT, romlebic
kvlav daucvel-ganwirulebi aRmoCndebian SevardnaZis ukanono xe-
lisuflebis xelSi da Tqvennairi „inteligenciis“ mxridanac.
ai, es undobloba da SiSi abrkolebda dazaralebulT, rom sa-
samarTlo procesebze mowmed warmdgariyvnen da ara – am qarTveli
jalaledinebis damnaSaveobis faqtebis uqonloba.
412
reanimirebuli „mxedrionis“ kvlav patriotul organizaciad
warmosaCenad, albaT, kvlavac moxdeba masSi gulwrfeli da gulmx-
urvale axalgazrdebis raRac nawilis SeTreva-Setyueba, romleb-
sac, agreTve, maTi winamorbedebiviT gaswiraven, raTa mkvdrebiT
ufro xmaurianad ididgulon „mxedrionis“ avazakma liderebma.
wiTeli „inteligencia“ farad da maxvilad daudeqiT Sei-
araRebul-kriminalur „mxedrions“.
erovnuli xeisuflebis damxobis Semdgom, uiaraRo mSvidobian
momitingeebs, Tbilissa da dasavleT saqarTveloSi, rom esroda
da umowyalod xvretda „demokrati revolucionerebi“, masze ras
ityviT?! „demokrati“ SevardnaZe, dRemde, rom arbevs yvela mit-
ings da cixeSi amwesebs opozicias, iqneb SeZloT da esec uaryoT?!
karavio, kvlav gaiZaxiT amdeni Semzaravi borotebis fonze...
visTvis karavi skviTuria – visTvis, bibliuri, erT patara wer-
ilSi yvelaferze ver gavcem pasuxs, wignad Tu davwer...
„SemoqmedebiT inteligenciad“ WeliZeebi, amaSukelebi, orjon-
ikiZeebi, Carkvianebi, amirejibebi... cxadia, ar Tvlidnen: muxran
maWavarians, oTar CxeiZes, gogi oCiaurs, nodar wuleiskirs, eliz-
bar javeliZes, beJan bardaveliZes, soso siguas, mamuka wiklaurs,
guram petriaSvils, varlam (lali) nikolaZes, maia TomaZes, medea
faniaSvils, amiran kalaZes da sxva mravals, radgan isini erovnul
xelisuflebas uWerdnen mxars, kanonierebisa da samarTlianobis
damkvidrebisaTvis iRvwodnen.
zviad gamsaxurdiam SemoqmedebiTi inteligencia Seuracxyoo,
brZanebs batoni vaxtang WeliZe, romelic, rogorc irkveva, ver an-
sxvavebs mxilebasa da Seuracxyofas, an – Seuracxyofa raa, batono
vaxtang, roca Tqvenma xuntisturma xelisuflebam SemoqmedebiTi
inteligencia sulac imsxverpla: maia TomaZe, medea faniaSvili,
wamebiT suli amoxada amiran kalaZes, mxatvar vaxtang nodias,
TviTmkvlelobiT daasrulebia sicocxle axalgazrda poet badri
guguSvils, tato ninuas, obola cimakuriZes. samSoblodan wasvla
aiZules elizbar javeliZes, guram petriaSvils, varlam (lali) ni-
kolaZes, enver niJaraZes...
axalSeqmnil erovnul xelisuflebas, cxadia aklda alRo da
gamocdileba, ris gamoc mas sWirdeboda keTili da ara mtruli
nebis da suliskveTebis opozicia, mSvidi atmosfero, daxmareba da
Tanadgoma – da ara, Casafreba da agresiuli kiJini, riTac SeZeliT
413
dagebniaT da gageorebinaT xalxis garkveuli nawili, xelisufleba
ki paralizebulyaviT.
aseT viTarebaSi, qveynis erovnulma prezidentma, mokle droSi
mainc SeZlo saxelmwifo biujetiT raWasa da imereTSi xelovnu-
rad mowyobili miwisZvris (rogorc mogvianebiT, specialisteb-
ma gamoarkvies) Sedegebis likvidacia. daiwyo zrunva xalxis so-
cialur-ekonomiuri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebisaTvis: gazarda
xelfasebi, pensiebi, stipendiebi, genofondis gamravlebisaTvis
axalSobilTa da mravalSvilian ojaxebze daawesa fuladi daxmare-
bebi, SemosaRebad TiTqmis mzad hqonda erovnuli valuta, purze
da transportze SenarCunebul iqna minimaluri fasebi da a. S. am
RonisZiebaTa mniSvneloba dRes ufro faseuli Cans.
amgvari erovnuli politikuri kursi, cxadia, ar Sedioda ruse-
Tis imperiul interesebSi, amitom eswrafvoda zviad gamsaxur-
dias xelisuflebis damxobas, raSic ruseTs daexmarnen qarTveli
kolaboracionalistebi „wiTeli inteligenciis“, fsevdo-patri-
otuli politikuri organizaciebis, kriminaluri bandebisa da
calkeuli agenturebis saxiT.
mainc ra mizans isaxavs zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg dResac
talaxis gundebis momarjveba? nuTu ggoniaT, rom kvlav marTavT
xalxis gonebas? xalxisaTvis Tqven aRar xarT avtoriteti, xalxi
ukve aRar gendobaT Tqven!
vinme guram ustiaSvilisa da vaxtang WeliZis ganmaqiqebel
werilebs pasuxi „TvalTaiSi“ (№35) da „axal saqarTveloSi“ (№25)
gaveciT. vaxtang WeliZem, Cemi werilis pasuxSi, Temur qoriZis
„utyuar“ informaciaze dayrdnobiT cili damwama: „... 1991 wlis
11 seqtembers... saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris darbazidan kioda:
rom gamsaxurdia aris fsiqiurad daavadebuli da is ar unda iyos
qveynis prezidentio“, dRes ki leila comaia misi partiis Tavmj-
domareao, „mamxels“ da mamunaTebs vaxtang WeliZem.
rogorc gavarkvie, xsenebuli Tavyriloba mweralTa kavSirSi
11 seqtembers ki ara, 12 seqtembers Catarebula. amas sizusti-
saTvis vwer da, cxadia, ara SeRavaTis imediT. sruli pasuxismge-
blobiT vacxadeb, rom Cems mier zviad gamsaxurdias lanZRvas,
arc mweralTa kaSvirSi da arc arsad, arasodes hqonia adgili
da igi Temur qoriZis fantaziis nayofia, an misTvis sagangebod
SekveTili ciliswameba. erTi patiosani mwerali Tu damemowmeba,
414
rom me zviad gamsaxurdias mweralTa kavSirSi namdvilad vlanZ-
Ravdi, zviadis saxelobis partiis Tavmjdomareobidan gadavdgebi,
rac ase eocnebeba faqtobriv xelisuflebas.
odesme, rom zviad gamsaxurdia sajarod gamelanZRa, igi ise-
Ti mgrZnobiare iyo Seuracxyofis mimarT, rom Cems gamoxdomas
ureaqciod ar datovebda – ar datovebda misi ojaxic. amgvari
ciliswamebebiT qoriZe da WeliZe cdiloben, zviad ganmaTavisu-
fleblis partiis Tavmjdomareobis moraluri ufleba wamarT-
van da miT ganmaiaraRon, Semasuston, Seanelon Cemi ukompromiso
brZola SevardnaZis xuntisturi xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg.
me ki ara – Temur qoriZes ara aqvs moraluri ufleba ilapa-
rakos da wignebi weros zviad gamsaxurdiaze, visac faruli
SeTqmuleba mouwyo. SeTqmulebis mere ki, SevardnaZis Camosvlis
wina dReebSi gamoaqveyna werili, riTac Seecada uzrunveleyo
SevardnaZis mSvidobiani miReba da misTvis stabiluri garemo-vi-
Tarebis Seqmna. „iberia-speqtrSi“ mitanil im werilSi, romlisTvis
gazeTis redaqtors „Temur qoriZis aRsareba“ daurqmevia („ibe-
ria-speqtri“, 28 Tebervali – 4 marti, 1992 w.), qoriZe qarTvel
xalxs mouwodebs stabilizaciisaken da axal arCevnebSi monawile-
obisaken. akritikebs erovnul xelisuflebas, CamoTvlis mis mier
demokratiis xelyofis faqtebs televiziisa da kinostudiis mag-
aliTze da ambobs: „...es faqtebi me gavixsene imitom, rom zogadad
mainc gveTqva Cveni amomrCevelebisaTvis mizezi imisa, ramac migvi-
yvana dekember-ianvris ambebamde... miuxedavad tragikuli mdgo-
mareobisa, ver vityviT, rom saqarTveloSi ukeTesi gza ar Cans. es
aris gza urTierTSerigebisa, erovnuli erTianobis damkvidrebisa
... yovelnairi destruqciuli gamosvla, yovelnairi mowodeba, rom
winaaRmdegoba gavuwioT xelisuflebas dRes... amgvari mowodeba,
vfiqrob, aragonivrulia... unda gvwamdes da gvjerodes, rom ama-
od ar damaSvralan isini, vinc xeli gaiRes, sicocxle gaiRes, rom
ukeTesi momavali hqonoda saqarTvelos... dRes yvelam unda vake-
ToT Cven-Cveni saqme“.
ase imedianad miesalma erovnuli uzenaesi sabWos deputati
Temur qoriZe sakuTari xelisuflebis damxobas da „demokratiul
revolucias“ – xuntas, 1992 wlis TebervalSi, ase „damoZRvra“ man
qarTveli eri.
415
aseTia, Cveni „SemoqmedebiTi inteligenciis“ faruli Tu aSka-
ra saxe, visac damsaxurebulad amxelda zviad gamsaxurdia. mxile-
bas imsaxurebs „SemoqmedebiTi inteligenciis“ cnobili warmomad-
genlis giga lorTqifaniZis dRevandeli saqmianobac, romelmac
leoniZis quCaze mdebare №15 biblioTekas, erTi wlis win sacavi
waarTva da mis farTobze kafe „qeTi“ gaxsna. ase „gamoxres“ qar-
Tuli kultura lorTqifaniZeebma, amaSukelebma, orjonikiZeebma,
Carkvianebma da sxvebma, romelTac amxelda zviad gamsaxurdia da
risTvisac gadaemtera mas es „saxelovani SemoqmedebiTi inteli-
gencia“.
da bolos, – 1997 wels gamocemul enciklopediaSi (tomi 1),
zviad gamsaxurdia saqarTvelos pirvel prezidentad ki aris mox-
seniebuli, magram aq, saqarTvelos respublikisTvis status-kvo
Camocilebulia (maSasadame, – damoukidebeli saqarTvelos re-
spublikis nacvlad, weria: „saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli
prezidenti“) da Sesabamisad, masSi ar aris Setanili mis mier miRe-
buli damoukideblobis aqtebic. xolo misi biografiuli cnobebi,
literaturuli moRvawisas ufro Seesabameba, vidre erovnuli moZ-
raobis patriarqis, disidentis, politikuri figuris – preziden-
tisas. am TvalsazrisiT, zviad gamsaxurdias biografia metad mwir-
ia, ar Seicavs masze srul informacias, xolo rogorc prezidenti,
igi negatiurad aris warmodgenili (gv. 543).
antierovnuli da arasamarTlebrivi reJimis pirobebSi ga-
mocemul am enciklopediaSi, zviad gamsaxurdias, Tundac amgvari
arasaxarbielo da arasrulfasovani saxiT Setana, redaqciis ram-
denime wevris mondomebis Sedegi yofila, Turme da amiTac madlo-
beli unda viyoT...
aseTia, SevardnaZis antierovnul-diqtatoruli xelisuflebis
xelSi, erovnul-politikur moRvaweTa bedi.
leila comaia
4 oqtomberi, 1998 weli.
416
kvlav zviad gamsaxurdias ybadaRebul
„monaniebaze“
es polemika, Tavad „jorjian TaimsSi“ mivitane, magram gaze-

Tis mTavarma redaqtorma giorgi iakobaSvilma uxamsi ginebiTa da
muStebis trialiT: „aba, aqedan daaxvieTo“, redaqciidan gamogvis-
tumra me da Cemi Tanmxlebi qalbatoni.
samwuxarod, qarTul sinamdvileSi, amgvari damokidebule-
ba marTali sityvis mimarT, tipiuria, yviTeli presis mesveurTa
mxridan – avtori.
rogorc gazeT „jorjian Taimsis“ bolo nomrebidan SevityveT

(№002-005, 2002), kidev axali wigni „ibadeba“ 70-iani wlebis dis-
identur moZraobaze da am moZraobis lideris zviad gamsaxurdias
Sesaxeb, rasac ukanasknel wlebSi wignebi uZRvnes insinuatorma
da paskvilantma fsevdo-disidentebma: Teimuraz WanturiSvilma,
viqtor rcxilaZem, vaxtang ZabiraZem da sxvebma.
amjerad, am urTules da sapasuxismge-
blo Temas xuntis Jurnalisti manana
iaSvilic SesWidebia, romelic agreTve
opoziciaSi edga damoukidebeli saqarT-
velos erovnul prezidents zviad gam-
saxurdias. Tavisi momavali wignisTvis
ki, saTaurad – „sanam cocxlebi varT“
daurqmevia da istoriul realiebSi,
mTavar megzurad kolaboracionalisti
viqtor rcxilaZe gauxdia, romelmac
1978 w. 6 seqtembers, ssr umaRlesi sa-
samarTlos sxdomaze gulwrfelad
moinania Tavisi disidentoba: – „pativce-
mulo mosamarTleno! Tqvens winaSea ada-
miani, romlis gza didi da Rrma Sec-
domebiT aris aRsavse. 1975 wlidan
moyolebuli me antisabWoTa poziciebze videqi. me sajarod vgmob
Cems samarcxvino warsuls da axla imedis TvaliT Sevyureb moma-
vals...“ (ix. gaz. „komunisti“, 1978 w. 7 seqtemberi).
417
v. rcxilaZe bolomde erTguli darCa sabWoTa komunisturi re-
Jimisadmi micemuli am sityvisa.
zviad gamsaxurdias fenomeni ki, jerac sruliad Seuswavlelia,
ris gamoc xdeba ulmobeli profanacia misi politikuri moRvawe-
obisa da TviT pirovnuli portretisac.
zviad gamsaxurdiasaTvis cxovrebis sazrisi oden gmiroba ki
ara – ruseTis imperiis orsaukunovani monobis uRlisagan deda –
samSoblos gaTavisufleba iyo.
zviad gamsaxurdiam, sabWoTa disidentebs Soris, erTaderTma
SeZlo saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobisa da erovnuli Tavi-
suflebis ideis garSemo mTeli qarTveli eris konsolidacia da
erSi, 1921 wlidan gawyvetili samSoblos erTianobis fsiqolo-
giuri kavSiris aRdgena. ufro metic, rusi disidentis demido-
vis SefasebiT: „arc erT disidents, yofil sabWoTa kavSirSi ar
gaukeTebia imdeni ruseTis gasaTavisufleblad ivane mrisxanis, pe-
tre pirvelis, leninisa da stalinis memkvidreobisagan, ramdenic
zviad gamsaxurdias“ (citata ix. k. z. gamsaxurdias wignSi „dinebis
sawinaaRmdegod“, gv. 43).
merab kostava zviadis „monaniebaze Cveuli rixiT acxadebda:
„zviad gamsaxurdias nabijs da pozicias me ara marto vamarT-
leb, aramed aucileblad mimaCnia im situaciis Sesabamisad... aseve
sworad mimaCnia Cemi pozicia, imave miznebidan gamomdinare... eri-
sa da simarTlisaTvis sakuTari sicocxlis gamwiravma axla Tavi-
si Tavmoyvareobac dasdo sasworze, rac pirvel msxverplze ua-
resia...“
ufro adre, sxva avtorTan polemikaSi vwerdi: politikanTa mier
dRemde cidamtkavluri intrigiT aJitirebul am e. w. „monanieba-
ze“ wertilis sabolood dasasmelad, iqneb gamodges-meTqi „Cvens
mwerlobaSi“ gamoqveynebuli ak. baqraZis radioCanaweri, romel-
Sic igi galileo galileis cnobili monaniebis Sesaxeb ambobs: „me
Zalian momewona erTi italieli fizikosis wigni galileis Ses-
axeb. man... moindoma gamarTleba imisa, rom galileim ukan daix-
ia inkviziciis sasamarTloSi da uaryo Tavisi Sexeduleba. is
ambobda, ai, am wels galileim moixada bodiSi, – ra gaakeTa amis
Semdeg galileim? – Tu galilei bodiSs ar moixdida, mecniere-
baSi iqneboda uzarmazari sicariele. galilei aris is, rac man
amis Semdeg gaakeTa... amitom es bodiSis moxda misTvis iyo Cveu-
418
lebrivi manevri, rom Seeqmna is, riTac galilei aris galilei“
(ix. gaz. „axali epoqis“ damateba, 30 marti – 6 aprili, 2001).
vinaidan sagazeTo werilSi SezRuduli var, amitom sxva, isto-
riuli magaliTebis moxmobisagan Tavs Sevikaveb da mxolod erT
kiTxvas davsvam: gana arsebobs romelime didi istoriuli figura,
romelsac taqtikuri mosazrebiT ukan ar dauxevia?
vinaidan, dRes sakmarisad varT informirebulni sabWoTa uSiS-
roebaSi damkvidrebul gamoZiebis meTodebsa da praqtikebze, zviad
gamsaxurdias „monaniebasa“ da „aRiarebaSi“, amasTanave ar SeiZleba
savsebiT gamoiricxos fsiqotropuli preparatebis zemoqmedebac,
razec migvaniSnebs „monaniebis“ win televiziiT naCvenebi zviadis
uCveulo saxisa da xelis manerebi...
v. rcxilaZe, zviad gamsaxurdias nacionalizms iseve ai-
givebs faSizmTan, rogorc sabWoTa `kgb~ aigivebda. Tavad zviadi
ki prezidentobaSic mtkiced icavda nacionalizmis ideas: „dRes
socialistebma, komunistebma, kosmopolitebma „nacionalizmi“
uaryofiT mcnebad aqcies. msoflio asparezze nacionalizmis wi-
naaRmdeg ilaSqreben, agreTve is amorfuli, denacionalizebuli,
tradiciebs mowyvetili konglomeratebi, romelTac ara aqvs is-
toria, kulturuli TviTmyofadoba da romelnic miiswrafvian
kacobrioba aqcion erTsaxovan masad... „nacionalizmi“ aris zrunva
mSobeli eris ganviTarebasa da TviTmyofadobaze ...nacionalizmi
aravis uqmnis safrTxes, igi icavs mxolod sakuTar arsebobasa da
TviTmyofadobas... Cven gvsurs, rom qarTveli eri sworad gaerkves
Tavis eTnogenezisSi... rom qarTvelebi... protoiberTa STamoma-
valni, uZvelesi civilizaciisa da kulturis memkvidreni varT“
(citata 1992 w. 15 noembris mimarTvidan).
politikur avanscenaze prezident zviad gamsaxurdias likvi-
daciis Semdeg gamoCenili rcxilaZe, disident zviad gamsaxurdias
dasmenebSic „amxels“, rasac man adrec ara erTi paskvili uZRvna
da rasac gazeT „jorjian TaimsiTac“ avrcelebs xuntis Jurnal-
isti manana iaSvili. vidre am avtors vupasuxebde, saWirod mi-
maCnia davazusto zviad gamsaxurdiasa da rcxilaZis dapatimrebis
TariRebi: zviadi daapatimres 1977 w. 7 aprils, rcxilaZe – 1978
w. 25 ianvars. prokuraturam viqtor rcxilaZis „saqme“ Tavidanve
gamoyo zviad-merabis saqmisagan. maT sasamarTlo procesze ki igi
mowmed waradgina, sadac rcxilaZem Tavad daasmina zviadi, Tu ro-
419
gor „CaiTria“ zviadma igi antisabWoTa saqmianobaSi da rogor ai-
Zulebda mas gaevrcelebina antisabWoTa literatura.
vinaidan da radganac Cven erTi da imave pirovnebis Sesaxeb
sxvadasxva avtorebTan gviwevs polemika, gansaxilveli piris bi-
ografiis gameorebis aucileblobis winaSec vdgebiT, risTvisac
bodiSs vuxdiT wignis mkiTxvelebs. manana iaSvilsac unda movax-
senoT, rom viqtor rcxilaZem gulwrfelad moinania Tavisi
disidenturi „samarcxvino warsuli“, ris Semdegac misjili Ta-
visuflebis aRkveTa 2 wlisa da 6 Tvis vadiT (Semdgomi 2 wlis
gasaxlebiT), Seecvala ori wlis gasaxlebis ZalaSi datove-
biT yazaxeTis ssr, taldi-kurganis olqis karabelis raionSi,
saidanac 7 TveSi gaaTavisufles.
axla, rac Seexeba zviadis mier, viTom viqtoris „dasmenas“.
ar arsebobs zviadis dakiTxvis, arc erTi oqmi, romelSic igi
pirdapir Tu iribad mianiSnebdes viqtor rcxilaZis pirovnebaze,
rasac adasturebs 1987 w. maisSi gavrcelebuli merab kostavas
gancxadebac: „... zviad gamsaxurdias aravin dausaxelbia dakiTx-
vebze, misi mizeziT aravin daubarebiaT uSiSroebis komitetSi da
arc gauCxrekiaT“.
v. rcxilaZe „dasmenis“ irib motivad asaxelebs mweralTa ka-
vSirsa da uSiSroebaSi aralegaluri Jurnalebis redaqtorobis
uaryofas zviadis mier. unda iTqvas, rom disidentisTvis, kon-
spiraciuloba da anonimuroba xangrZlivi moRvaweobis umTavres
pirobas warmoadgenda. v. rcxilaZis gaunelebeli guliswyroma ki
am faqtTan dakavSirebiT, naTel warmodgenas gviqmnis, Tu rogor
uiolebda igi prokuraturas gamoZiebis metad rTul process Ta-
visi „patiosani aRiarebebiTa Tu gulwrfeli dasturebiT“. zviad
gamsaxurdia ki mizandasaxuli politikosi gaxldaT da amgvari
aRiarebiT win ver wavidoda. mweralTa kavSiris prezidiumis sx-
domaze 1977 w. 1 aprils, zviads, sasamarTlo mouwyves, romelsac
aralegalurad marTavda kgb da sasjelic Sesabamisi gamoutanes
– garicxes da mweralTa kavSiris mandatic daadebines (mandatis
nomeri – 7795), xolo zviadi, „mweralTa“ sasamarTlozec mtkiced
da gautexlad idga.
`kgb~-s gamomZieblis qadilze: „Tu gsurT gamsaxurdias axlave
dagapirispirebT da yvelafers dagidasturebs“, rom Seni Targm-
nilia maRlakeliZis „martirologio“, viqtor rcxilaZes „civi
420
uariT“ upasuxnia, „radgan zviadis stils da xelweras kargad vic-
nobdi da zedmetad CavTvaleo“. ase eWvSeutanlad endoboda rcx-
ilaZe `kgb~-s da rogorc viciT, bolomde aseTi ndoba SeinarCuna,
rasac adasturebs misi Semdgomi cxovrebis gza.
Jurnalist manana iaSvils zviadis „dasmenis“ dasturad moxmo-
bili aqvs gazeT „axal saqarTveloSi“ gamoqveynebuli v. rcxilaZis
werilebi, romelSic igi asaxelebs 1978 w. 10 apriliT daTariRe-
bul raRac „oqms“. aRniSnul insinuacias me gazeT „gauxmaurebeli
faqtebiT“ vupasuxe, risi gameoreba aqac momiwevs.
saqme imaSi gaxlavT, rom es „oqmi“ sazogadoebisaTvis sruliad
ucnobia. ucnobi iyo igi TviT merab kostavasTvisac, romelic 1987
w. maisSi dabejiTebiT werda, rom „zviads aravin dausaxelebiao“.
Tu marTla realurad arsebobda 1978 w. 10 apriliT daTariRebuli
„oqmi“, igi merabisTvis aucileblad gaxdeboda cnobili (me Tqven
getyviT da ar aCvenebdnen, Tundac cixeSi da Tundac gareT).
moskovSi gamocemul zviad gamsaxurdias avtobiografiul wign-
Si „saqme 131“-Si vkiTxulobT, rom maT winaaRmdeg „saqme“ daiwyo
1978 w. 7 aprils da damTavrda 1978 w. 7 marts (ix. gv. 63). maSasadame,
dakiTxvebic am vadebSi unda damTavrebuliyo da 10 aprils ra mo-
tiviT unda ganaxlebuliyo? Tu, raRac axali garemoebebis aRmo-
Cenis mizeziT ganaxlda, maSin saTanado motivirebuli dokumentic
(damatebiTi gamoZiebis masalebi) xom unda arsebuliyo? xsenebu-
li „oqmis“ zviadisa da merabis sikvdilis Semdgom gamoqveynebac
sakmaris eWvebs aRZravs da igi ar SeiZleba seriozul „samxilad“
CaiTvalos. miTumetes, roca viciT uSiSroeba, rogor iyo daint-
eresebuli zviadsa da merabs Soris ganxeTqilebis CamogdebiT, ris
ucilobel sababadac iqceoda zemomoyvanili „oqmi“ da mas Semdeg
merabi, aRarc „Zmas qristesmiers“ uZRvnida zviads (romelic 1978
wlis 12 agvistosaa dawerili) da aRarc ase dabejiTebiT daiwyebda
mtkicebas: zviads aravin dausaxelebiao.
amgvari „oqmebisa“ Tu „Sedevrebis“ Seqmna, rom kargad xele-
wifeboda uSiSroebas, amis sailustraciod mxolod erT masalas
moviyvan: 1997 wlis dasawyisSi gazeT „saqarTveloSi“ daibeWda
nugzar fofxaZis interviu, romelSic igi igonebs: „ 1987 wlis
seqetmbris damlevs „komunistis“ redaqtors Semexmiana sukis
xelmZRvaneli aleqsi inauri. macnoba, rom centrTan SeTanxme-
biT saWirod Tvlis ideologiuri aqciebis Catarebas, zogadad
421
– araformalTa da konkretulad zviad gamsaxurdias diskred-
itaciis mizniT, sul male sukidan gadmogzavnili „masalebi“
publikaciis mosamzadeblad gadaveci demur ioselians... saRa-
mos 11 saaTze da 20 wuTze demur ioseliani brundeba redaqcia-
Si da moaqvs ck-Si momzadebuli veeberTela werili. uSiSroebis
TanamSromeli mamSvidebs: Cvens faqtebs Semowmeba ar sWirde-
bao... minda gulwrfeli sinanuli gamovTqva da bodiSi movuxa-
do z. gamsaxurdias ojaxs, uwinaresad mis Svilebs da maSindel
mkiTxvel sazogadoebas... imis gamo, rom gazeTis im nomers, ro-
melSic „politikuri kretinizmis“ da uzneobis qrestomatiuli
nimuSi daibeWda (laparakia demur ioselianis werilze „Seican
Tavi Seni“, gaz. „komunisti“ 1988 wlis 27 Tebervali – l. c.), ro-
gorc redaqtori me vawerdi xels...“
rcxilaZe mainc mizandasaxulad cdilobs, Tanamedrove sazo-
gadoeba zviad gamsaxurdias „dasmenebSi“ daarwmunos maSin, roca
amgvari saCoTiro misiiT, disidentur jgufSi, swored TviTon
iyo Segzavnili. zviadis mier gamocemuli Jurnalebi „Tu vinmesT-
vis mimicia, mas movaxsenebdi xolmeo“, ambobs igi da am martivi
logikiT xsnis xsenebuli Jurnalebis Semdeg `suk~-Si moxvedras.
rodesac zviadis ZalisxmeviTa da mondomebiT merabi, ro-
gorc iqna gaTavisuflda patimrobidan, maT gaagrZeles arale-
galuri Jurnalebis gamocema. Jurnali „saqarTvelo“, romlis
erT-erTi teqnikuri muSaki mec gaxldiT, zviads CemTanac mohqon-
da gasavrceleblad. erTxel masTan saubarSi ubralod vaxsene
erT-erTi pirovneba, romelsac xsenebuli aralegaluri Jurnali
miveci. zviadma umal SemniSna: „aravisTan, arasodes Tqva, Tu vis
mieci Jurnalebi!“ amiT man disidenturi saqmianobis gasaidumloe-
bis(konspiraciis) aucileblobisaken momiwoda da me masSi Sorsm-
Wvreteli da gonieri politikosi erTxel kidev davinaxe.
raki rcxilaZe Tavad aRiarebs, rom sakuTari nebiT usaxelebda,
Tu visTan mihqonda Jurnalebi, unda vivaraudoT, rom igi `suk~-
is instruqtaJiT moqmedebda, momavalSi, swored amgvari „alibis“
Sesaqmnelad. uSiSroeba ki Semdeg, SeTanxmebisamber, amoiRebda
xolme maTgan rcxilaZis mier gacemul Jurnalebs. arc is aris
gamosaricxi, rom Tavad is „sapativcemulo pirovnebebi“ miarbe-
ninebdnen am antisabWoTa Jurnalebs `suk~-Si. miTumetes, roca
dRes ukve Tavad lustrirebulia sabWoTa socialisturi sistemis
422
mier Seqmnili avtoritetebis (wiTeli „inteligenciis“) urTierT-
mzrunveli kavSirebis `suk~-Tan
yovelivedan gamomdinare, v. rcxilaZis varaudebi zviadis „das-
menobis“ Sesaxeb, argumentebsa da safuZvlebs sruliad moklebu-
lia da mxolod misi boroti fantaziis nayofs warmoadgens. erTob
saintereso da mniSvnelovani unda iyos mciredi Strixi viqtor
rcxilaZis biografiidan, rom igi, Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-
sitetSi, swored zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis dros – 1990-
91 wlebSi xdeba miwveuli leqtori filosofiis fakultetisa da
urTierTobs studentebTan. xolo, 1992 wlidan ki, – xuntis saxel-
mwifo sabWos wevrad gvevlineba...
Rimilismomgvrelia m. iaSvilis
argumenti imis Sesaxeb, rom, radgan
sabWoTa kavSirma 1975 wlis 1-el
agvistos xeli moawera helsinkis Se-
Tanxmebas adamianis uflebaTa dacvis
sakiTxSi, disidentebs SeeZloT Riad
ekritikebinaT sabWoTa reJimi, ra-
meTu maT, Turme aw ukve „saerTaSo-
riso samarTali icavda“.
iqneb dagvisaxelos pativcemul-
ma Jurnalistma, Tundac erTi xe-
lSekruleba, romelic daucavs ss-
rk-s Tavisi istoriuli arsebobis
viqtor rcxilaZe manZilze maSin, roca dRevandeli
„demokratiuli ruseTis“ xelSic
fiqciaa yvela xelSekruleba da SeTanxmeba? ra gasakviria, rom
zviadi ar endoboda ssrk-s mier nakisr valdebulebebs, ris ga-
moc mis mier Camoyalibebuli helsinkis jgufi male „naxevrad ga-
saidumloebul jgufad iqca“? es, saqmis savsebiT safuZvliani da
marTlzomieri gadawyveta iyo zviadis mier da v. rcxilaZe amaSic
adanaSaulebs zviads.
saqarTvelos helsinkis jgufi, legaluri saqmianobiT (sabWo-
Ta totalitaruli reJimis pirobebSi), mxolod proklamaciebis
gavrcelebas Tu moaswrebda...
aqve, oriod sityviT ar SemiZlia guliswyroma ar gamovTqva
winamdebare gazeTis pirvel publikaciaSi gamoqveynebuli fo-
423
to-suraTis gamo, romelic, ueWvelia, kompiuterze e.w. foto-So-
piTaa Seqmnili da `kgb~-s mier gavrcelebuli zviad gamsaxurdias
paranoiduli imij-saxis Sesaqmnelad. dakvirvebuli mkiTxveli ki
advilad aRmoaCens Seusabamobas saxis mimikasa da Tvalebis gamome-
tyvelebas Soris.
rac Seexeba publikaciis meore nawilis rubrikas „somxuri
logika“ – gverdiT dabeWdil istoriul monografias unda gane-
kuTvnodes da misi iaSvilis statiis Tavze moxvedra, ubralo te-
qnikur Secdomas unda mivaweroT.
e. w. „satelevizio aRiarebis“ Sesaxeb ki zviadi aRniSnavda: vid-
eoCanaweri srulad rom eCvenebinaT, „mayurebeli mixvdeboda, rom
es iyo Cemi dakiTxva da ara televiziiT gamosvla, saubari erT
gamomZiebelTan da ara mravalmilionian auditoriasTan... imxanad
Cven kargad ar vicnobdiT sabWoTa televiziis xrikebs, montaJisa
da falsifikaciis xelovnebas“ (ix. „iveria“ №8, 1988).
merab kostavas „dumilis miTi“ zviadis mtrebis mierve iyo
SeTxzuli da sinamdviles ar Seefereboda. merabi, zviadis e. w.
monaniebisa da aRiarebis Sesaxeb arafers malavda da saWiroebis
dros yovelTvis guliTadad da mtkiced icavda zviadis pozi-
cias, rameTu rogorc zemomoyvanil ganmartebaSi, zviadi gadau-
Warbeblad aRniSnavs: „...im xanad gareT aRar iyo darCenili, arc
erTi adamiani, romelic SeZlebda gadebas sainformacio xidisa
dasavleTSi, ganaxorcielebda Jurnalis gamocemas, gonivrulad
warmarTavda axalgazrdul moZraobas... yovelive amis Tval-
sazrisiT ki aucilebeli iyo Cemi gareT yofna... suk-is Sinagan
cixeSi gavuziare merabs Cemi mosazrebebi... da manac moiwona
Cemi gegma taqtikuri ukandaxevisa, moCvenebiTi „monaniebisa“,
Cveni saerTo saqmis gadasarCenad...“
zviadi rom marTlac ualternativo lideri gaxldaT, misi
damxobis da fizikuri likvidaciis Semdgomma periodebmac naT-
lad warmoaCines, rodesac opoziciuri erovnul-politikuri Za-
lebidan ver gamoikveTa, verc erTi prima-lideri, romelic mis
adgils daikavebda da Seavsebda erovnul moZraobaSi warmoqmnil
vakuums.
disidentebi araerTgvarovanni iyvnen. iyvnen Zlierebic da sus-
tebic, uSiSarni da mSiSrebic, romlebmac cixeebSi ver gauZles
sabWouri totalitaruli reJimis marwuxebs, ris gamoc gatydnen
424
da poziciuradac daixies. cixidan gamosulni ki, zogi mkveTrad
gaemijna erovnul moZraobas, zogic daupirispirda. aRmoCndnen
ufro saCoTiro kategoriisanic – reJimis mier gadabirebulni.
arasrulfasovan, fsevdo-disidentTa arsebobam, TavisTavad,
mZime daRi daasva mTels Semdgomdroindel erovnul-ganmaTavisu-
flebel moZraobas, warmoSva ra srulfasovanTa mimarT arajansaRi
dapirispirebis sindromi. zviad gamsaxurdias fiqtiuri monanieba,
maTTvis mxolod sababi iyo, mizezs ki Suri warmoadgenda.
imis nacvlad, rom saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenis
aqti didi erovnuli Serigebis aqtad qceuliyo, saqarTvelos revan-
Sistulma Zalebma aliansi Sekres gareSe mtrebTan da maTi samxedro,
SeiaraRebuli da politikuri daxmarebiT, weliwadsa da sam TveSi
daamxes kanonieri erovnuli xelisufleba, rasac Sedegad mohyva Cve-
ni qveynis sruli – saxelmwifoebrivi da erovnuli katastrofa.
zviad gamsaxurdias disidenturi da politikuri moRvaweoba ki,
droa, daculi iqnas manana iaSvilis msgavs profanTa Sefasebebisagan.
leila comaia
2002 w.
mZinare mowme
visTvisac patriotizmi mudam populizmis arena, Tanamdebobisa

da privilegiebis mopovebis saSualeba iyo da ara msxverplSewirva,
misgan pavled gardasaxvas ar unda velodeT da q-n iza orjon-
ikiZisagan, amgvar bibliur saswauls, arc velodiT; igi Cveuli
yalbi paTosiT, yalbi gangaSiT da yalbi WmunviT aanalizebs ra
„meoce saukunis bolo aTwleuls“, verdiqtic Cveulad ganmaqiqe-
beli gamoaqvs: „saqarTvelos arCevani da qarTuli marazmi“ (ix. „ax-
ali epoqa“ – Cveni mwerloba, 15-22, 22-23 dekemberi, 2000).
erTaderTi, rac wrfelia am uvrces werilSi – es aris RvarZli
da siZulvili erovnuli prezidentis baton zviad gamsaxurdiasa
da misi momxre samoqalaqo armiis mimarT.
rogorc misi werilidan davrwmundiT, antagonizmi mas aTma
welmac ar gaunela, aramed – „wvrilad imis Txrobas, rac 1988
wlidan 1992 wlis damdegamde saqarTveloSi moxda, sxva droisTvis
gadavdeb“ – samomavlodac iqadnis.
425
mokled, galaktioniseuli gradaciiT rom gadmogceT: “ saSve-
li ar aris, ar aris, ar aris!“
amgvarad, misi sityvebis perifrazi rom gamoviyenoT, „pasux-
ismgeblobisagan Zalian Sors“, Tu vinme dgas da Tu vinmes „raRac
mourCeneli“ Wirs, swored q-n izaze iTqmis. Cvens ers ki jvari
sweria da miuxedavad xandazmulobisa, brZeni da kvlavac sasicoc-
xlo energiiT aRsavsea, anu „marazmis“ mdgomareobamde, jer kidev
mravali aTaswleuli aSorebs.
SevardnaZis maradiuli favoriti iza orjonikiZe, modalurad
cdilobs qarTvel ers ganuviTaros da Camouyalibos arasrul-
fasovnebis kompleqsi, rac, amasTanave misi kumiris (SevardnaZis)
Crdilouri politikis umTavres mizans warmoadgens.
diax, sul sxvaa, rasac qarTveli eris ama Tu im Tvisebriv nak-
lovanebebze werdnen Cveni gamoCenili mwerlebi da mecnierebi da
sxvaa q-n iza orjonikiZis SexedulebaTa sistema, riTac igi Se-
vardnaZis ideologad gvevlineba da sakuTari politikuri lide-
ris apologiasac sruliad daufaravad eweva: „am saxelmwifoSi pa-
suxs mxolod erTi kaci agebs, is kisrulobs da Tavis Tavze iRebs
pasuxismgeblobas... saqarTvelos prezidenti xmamaRla da, rogorc
sCevia, uSiSradac, yvelas codvas Tavad kisrulobs!
me yovelTvis maocebda da mikvirda, rad sCadis SevardnaZe
amas... rogor da ratom iTmens prezidenti amden upasuxismgeblo-
bas, sicrues, amden yalbismqmnelobas, xazinis qurdobasa da inves-
ticiebis flangvas?!“
qalbatoni izas Tu davujerebT, yvela zemoxsenebuli codva
Tu danaSauli, mxolod xelqveiTebisa da saxelmwifo moxeleebis
sindiszea. TiTqos, sulac mTeli sazogadoebis kriminalizacia, Se-
vardnaZis politikur amocanas ar warmoadgendes.
mzakvari xelmwifis es saidumlo, q-n izas „gaocebul-gakvirve-
buli“ mimikriis Sesacvlelad ar gamixsnia, – mkiTxvelTa umrav-
lesobas, gantvirTvis mizniT gavuziare. q-n izas werili ki imis
aucilebel SegonebaSic gvarwmunebs, rom maRal zneobriv mater-
iebze mosaubres, unda hqondes amis moraluri ufleba, rameTu, sx-
vebis Tavze moralis kiTxviT, sakuTar uzneobasa da demoralizms
ver dafarav, miTumetes, roca gicnoben!
antiTezisi mtrisa da moRalatis xat-saxisa, Cveulebriv Tval-
saCinoa da sagrZnobic; moRalate sazarelia, mteri ki, istoriam,
426
diadic icis. „tyviebis nacvlad yvavilebis sroliT“ warmatebu-
li moRalateebi, axla kalmiT sabrZolvelad ganzraxulan qris-
tian-demokrati prezidentis baton zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg.
es recidivic calsaxad gvidasturebs, rom mterze ufro sastikad
da daundoblad unda gausworde... moRalates.
„gamsaxurdiasa da SevardnaZes Soris samSoblo dagvekargao“,
aq, q-n izam, SevardnaZe yasidad moixsenia da mTlad zviads dasdo
es mZime brali.
imis gamo, rom zviad gamsaxurdias fenomeni jerac sruliad
Seuswavlelia, bevri araswori da mcdari Sexedulebebi iqmneba
masze, magram is, rac gamokveTili iyo masSi (patriotizmi, samS-
oblosadmi RvTaebrivi siyvaruli, Tavdadeba da Tavganwirva, Sem-
wynarebloba da humanizmi), misi Secnoba did sirTules aravisTvis
unda warmoadgendes, Tu ara mizanmimarTuli ciliswamebebi; zviad
gamsaxurdiam, rogorc erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis
liderma da qveynis prezidentmac, erTaderTma SeZlo erSi aRed-
gina 1921 wlidan gawyvetili samSoblos erTianobis fsiqologiu-
ri kavSiri, rac mizanmimarTulad gawyvita SevardnaZem, romelmac
qarTli, kaxeTi da guria daapirispira, kanonierebisa da samar-
Tlianobis aRdgenisaTvis mebrZol samegrelos, risi Tvalxiluli
mowmea TiToeuli qarTveli, saqarTvelos mTeli mosaxleoba. mTe-
li is wamqezebluri kampania, 1992-93 wlebSi, mimdinareobda Riad,
aSkarad – masmediiT. am mavne ideologiam ki Tavis mxriv jaWvuri
reaqciiT ganapiroba gulgriloba da gaucxoeba Sida qarTlis Sei-
araRebuli konfliqtisa da afxazeTis omisadmi, rac antiqarTu-
li xelisuflebis mxridan, sayovelTao mobilizaciis gamoucxade-
blobiT, saxelmwifo doneze iyo dezertirebuli.
iza orjonikiZis azriT, osebisagan,
erovnul RirsebaSelaxuli da diskrimini-
rebuli qarTvelebis dasacavad, erovnul-
ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba, Turme cx-
invalisken ar unda davZruliyaviT da,
arc Tbilisis mitingebze unda Segvefase-
bina osebis, afsuebisa Tu azerbaijan-
elebis Tavxeduri separatizmi.
427
ra aris es, Tu ara wiTeli internacionaluri mentalizmi, ro-
melic Sors dgas erovnuli da pirovnuli Rirsebisganac?
„gamsaxurdias mmarTvelobis bolSevikuri meTodebis“ orjon-
ikiZiseuli CamonaTvlebis pasuxad moviyvanT amonarids poet no-
dar jalaRonias werilidan (ix. misive redaqtorobiT gamocemuli
gazeTi „laSaris gori“, 1997, №6), raTa sabolood vamxiloT, war-
momavloba da mizani, orjonikiZeTa wera-mwerlobisa.
b-n nodar jalaRonia wers: gazeT „saqarTveloSi“ daibeWda ba-
ton nugzar fofxaZis interviuebis seriali... Cven gvainteresebs
is nawili, romelic exeba saqarTvelos pirvel prezidents baton
zviad gamsaxurdias (samwuxarod b-n nodars xsenebuli gazeTis
weli da nomeri miTiTebuli ara aqvs, Cemi varaudiT, b-n fofxaZis
xsenebuli interviu 1997 w. dasawyisSi gazeT `saqarTveloSi~ iyo
gamoqveynebuli (l. c.)
nugzar fofxaZe wers:
1. 1987 wlis seqtembris damlevs „komunistis“ redaqtors Se-
mexmiana sukis xelmZRvaneli aleqsi inauri. macnoba, rom centr-
Tan SeTanxmebiT saWirod Tvlis ideologiuri aqciebis Catarebas,
zogadad – araformalTa da konkretulad zviad gamsaxurdias
diskreditaciis mizniT“.
2. „sul male sukidan gadmogzavnili „masalebis“ publikaciis
mosamzadeblad gadaveci demur ioselians“.
3. „diliT atyda „aurzauri“. demur ioseliani ck-Si gamoiZax-
es. mogvianebiT macnoba, rom enuqiZesTan, al. ioselianTan (maSin-
deli propagandis ganyofilebis gamge) da sxva „mwerlebTan“ er-
Tad mobilizebulia am masalis mosamzadeblad“.
4. „saRamos 11 saaTze da 20 wuTze demur ioseliani brundeba
redaqciaSi da moaqvs ck-Si momzadebuli veeberTela werili“.
5. „uSiSroebis TanamSromeli mamSvidebs: Cvens faqtebs Semow-
meba ar sWirdebao!“
6. „daaxloebiT 9 saaTze gaismis telefonis zari, patiaSvil-
ia... es ra miyavio – Tavs ver ikavebs – es sisulele ram dagabe-
Wdiao“.
mainc ra „sisuleleze“ da diskreditaciazea saubari? kiTxu-
lobs batoni nodar jalaRonia da agrZelebs: „saubaria im weril-
ze, romelic zviad gamsaxurdias diskreditaciis mizniT 1987 wlis
428
gazeT „komunistSi“ daibeWda saTauriT „Seican Tavi Seni“ (gaz.
„komunisti“, 1988 w. 27 Tebervali).
axla vnaxoT TviTon nugzar fofxaZe rogor afasebs misive re-
daqtorobiT gamocemul gazeTSi gamoqveynebul masalas:
„minda gulwrfeli sinanuli gamovTqva da bodiSi movuxado z.
gamsaxurdias ojaxs, uwinaresad mis Svilebs da maSindel mkiTxvel
sazogadoebas. bodiSi imis gamo, rom gazeTis im nomers, romel-
Sic „politikuri kretinizmis“ da uzneobis qrestomatiuli nimuSi
daibeWda (nugzar fofxaZis azriT, im „kretinizmis“ avtori guram
enuqiZea – n. j.) rogorc redaqtori me vawerdi xels... iZulebuli
var, bodiSi movuxado im „aqciis“ WeSmariti avtorebis nacvlad...“
Turme, 1956 wels gazeT „komunistSi“ daibeWda statia „sarevela“,
romelSic z. gamsaxurdia Tavis megobrebTan erTad yofila „moTx-
rili“ da igive nomerSi, romelSic enuqiZis „margaliti“ iZulebiT
damabeWdines, Turme unda gamomeqveynebina aTeuli wlis winaT, al-
baT imave stiliT Seqmnili „Sedevri“... viqeqeT mtverSi, magram ra
viqeqeT da kidec aRmovaCineT „sarevela“. wavikiTxeT da... netavi
ar gvepovna da ar wagvekiTxa?! 50-iani wlebis partiuli Jurnalis-
tikis „klasika“, Tanac rogori?!... enuqiZem gadaikiTxa da... alalad
wamocda: es ra ubedurebaao!“
fofxaZis naambobidan, Cveni qveynis gulmxurvale patrioti
poeti, b-n nodar jalaRonia askvnis, rom „1956-87 wlebSi zviad
gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg dawerili paskvilebi iyo cks da suk-is
mier winaswar dagegmili ciliswameba, dezinformacia, SeTiTxnili
braldeba, TiTidan gamowovili tyuili. amave cikls unda mivakuT-
vnoT „imave stilSi“ Seqmnili „Sedevri“ e. w. zviad gamsaxurdias
satelevizio „aRiareba-monanieba“, romelic, darwmunebuli var,
imave sakavSiro suk-is namuSevaria da maTi avtorebis „gacxadebis“
droc mova“.
amgvar ciliswamebaTa cikls ganekuTvneba, agreTve 1992 w. 25
agvistos gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikaSi“ gamoqveynebuli,
viTomcda zviad gamsaxurdias mimarTva „Crdilo kavkasiis sabrZo-
lo razmebisa da meTaurebisadmi“, romlis teqstobrivi motanac
aq mizanSewonilad mimaCnia. ai isic: „Zmebo CrdiloeT kavkasi-
is xalxebo, romlebic aRdeqiT afxazeTis mcirericxovani xalx-
is Tavisuflebisa da WeSmariti damoukideblobisaTvis... mTeli
Cemi fiqrebiTa da survilebiT TqvenTan... var. Tqven aagizgizeT
429
brZolis cecxli, romelic namdvilad gaaTavisuflebs ara mar-
to moZme afxazebs, aramed megrelebsac da aWarlebsac, svanebsac
da kaxelebsac, kremlis imperiis msgavsad, saqarTvelos imperiad
gadaqcevis bodviT ideas rom Seupyria... adamiani ver iqneba Tav-
isufali, verc did da verc patara imperiaSi... Cemi saqarTveloc
gamonaklisi rodia. Tqveni misvla imperiis miwa-wyalze, romelsac
saqarTvelo ewodeba, iqneba mZlavri stimuli Cems mravaltanjul
samSobloSi mosaxle danarCeni erovnebebisTvisac. isini Semogi-
erTdebian TavianT brZolaSi damoukideblobisaTvis da daamxoben
SevardnaZis – am „TeTri melas“ xuntas.
Cemi mxriv mzad var Tqvens rigebSi Cavdge ubralo mebrZolad,
Tu amis nebas momcemT da uzenaesis nebac iqneba.
saqarTvelos respublikis prezidenti
z. gamsaxurdia
22.09.92 z.
q. grozno.
am „sensaciuri“ mimarTvis publikaciidan rva wlis Semdeg,

gazeT „axali eras“ korespondentma nino xaCiZem, masze komentari
Txova maSindeli sainformacio-sadazvervo biuros xelmZRvanel
ir. baTiaSvils (ix. „axali era“, 1 seqtemberi, 2000w.), romelic
ganmartavs: „es mimarTva me marTlac wavikiTxe saxelmwifo sabWos
sagangebo sxdomaze. igi viTomdac ekuTvnoda zviad gamsaxurdias,
vrceldeboda radioTi da Cvenma samsaxurebma „radio-perexva-
tis“ gziT moipoves... Cven, principSi, maSinve aviReT eWvi, rom es
iyo dezinformacia, romelic Segnebulad vrceldeboda ruseTis
specsamsaxurebis mier... mimarTvis SinaarsiT advili misaxvedri
iyo, rom is ar ekuTvnoda zviad gamsaxurdias... mimarTvis teqstis
Semdgenlebs gaeparaT patara-patara lafsusebi. saerTod, rode-
sac, Tundac specsamsaxurebis mier xdeba falsifikacia, dauSve-
belia gadamlaSeba, raTa eWvis safuZveli ar gaCndes. zemoT aR-
niSnuli mimarTva imdenad gadamlaSebulia, rom dResaviT naTelia,
amas gamsaxurdia ar ityoda... mimarTva iyo falsificirebuli da
Semogdebuli ruseTis specsamsaxurebis mier... saxelmwifo meTaur-
sac movaxsene, rom es dezinformacia unda yofiliyo... da ar ekuT-
vnoda zviad gamsaxurdias“. miuxedavad amisa, „mimarTva“ mainc dai-
beWda samTavrobo gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikaSi“.
430
„Tbilisis omi loTi qobaliam da misma batalionma daiwyo.
mowme bevria, maT Soris mec (kavSirgabmulobis saxlTan, Jurnal-
istebTan erTad, manqanaSi meZina, srola rom daiwyo)“... „amtkicebs“
mZinare mowme q-n iza orjonikiZe, romlis adeqvatur pasuxadac
kanonieri xelisuflebis momxre uamravi Tvalxiluli da fxizeli
mowmis Cvenebis moyvana SeiZleba, romlebic detalurad aRweren,
jer kidev 21 dekembers, rogor Sezida opoziciam mZime sabrZolo
teqnika qaSueTis eklesiaSi, rogor gamagrdnen sastumro „Tbilis-
Si“, rogor daikaves mxatvris saxli da daaxloebiT rva saaTze,
zarbaznebiTa da qvemexebiT, rogor daiwyes masirebuli Seteva
mTavrobis saxlze. amgvari kamaTi SeuzRudavi uflebamosilebis
mqone kart-blanSia, i. orjonikiZesTan, romelic taqtikuri in-
trigiT Semogvifriala man mTeli rigi dokumenturi faqtebis ig-
norirebiT, kerZod: jer kidev seqtembridan masmediaSi Suqdeboda
opoziciis muqarebi, rom zviad gamsaxurdias axalwlamde Camoag-
debdnen, romlis sacdeli repeticia gaxldaT 4-5 oqtombris ieri-
Si mTavrobis sasaxleze.
uzenaesi sabWos deputati b-n valter SurRaia 1998 w.: „axal
TaobaSi“ (4 ianvari, №1) wers: „kitovani oTxjer iyo mzad Serige-
bis qaRaldze xelis mosawerad da oTxjerve oTaxSi sigua Semo-
varda RrialiT... qarTuli sisxlis danTxevaSi didi codva awevs,
agreTve erT poet qalbatons. xsenebulma qalbatonma erT-erT sau-
barSi, romelic Serigebas... exeboda, sruliad uadgilod gviTxra
me da zaur qobalias: Cems qmars Tqvenodena yv-ebi hkidiao... mere
miubrunda Tavisianebs, nu geSiniaT, Cven dedas vutirebT amaTo...
unda genaxaT, ra ovacia da Rrianceli gamoiwvia misma sityvebma
putCistebiT gamotenil oTaxebSi“.
xom gecnobaT gadatrialebis wina periodis es epizodi qalba-
tono iza orjonikiZev?
zemomotanili dokumenturi masalebidan naTlad Cans, rom e. w.
opozicia agenturul Zalas warmoadgenda da mTlianad moskovidan
imarTeboda saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis wi-
naaRmdeg.
ruseTs, SevardnaZem, Tumca ori wlis dagvianebiT, magram mainc
auxdina wadili – 1993 w. 24 seqtembers, saqarTvelos sng-Si Sesvla
aRuTqva, xolo 27 seqtembers, soxumis dacemiT afxazeTic Caabara.
431
2001 w. 21 ianvars telekompania rusTavi-2-ma „60 wuTSi“, mowme-
Ta CvenebebiT gaaSuqa 1992-93 w. w. ruseTis specsamsaxurebis mier
samegreloSi diversiebis mowyobis faqtebi, rac Semdgom zviad gam-
saxurdiasa da mis gvardias braldeboda da am sababiT, SevardnaZis
xelisufleba egzekuciebs awyobda samegreloSi. amave gadacemaSi
iTqva isic, rom 1992-93 wS. iaraRis tranziti, benzinis tranzitTan
erTad sarfiani biznesi iyo da afxazeTis omisTvis ucxoeTidan
saqarTvelosTvis gamogzavnili sabrZolo teqnika tranzitSi
xvdeboda da nacvlad afxazeTisa, somxeTisaken miemarTeboda, rac
daadastura kgb-s yofilma TanamSromelma T. masxuliam da raSic
igor giorgaZe da avTandil ioseliani amxila.
Tavdacvis saministros saswavlo centris yofili ufrosi, afx-
azeTis omis monawile generali gujar yuraSvili, romelic 1999
w. e. SevardnaZeze teraqtis mcdelobisa da samSoblos Ralatis
SeTiTxnili braldebebiT daapatimres, „kviris palitrisaTvis“
micemul interviuSi ambobs: „1998 wlis galis movlenebi rom moxda,
Cems garda iq aravin iyo. samxedro prokuraturidan specialuri
warmomadgeneli Camovida CemTan senakSi; dapatimrebamde (xazgas-
ma Cemia – l. c.), miTxra, amaze jerjerobiT araferi ilaparakoo,
Tqvi, rom Sen iq saerTod ar iyavio... sasamarTlo rom damTavr-
deba, mere getyviT yvelafers... Sss-s me-6 sarTulidan viTom rom
xtebodnen biWebi, ggoniaT marTla xtebodnen?! roca afxazeTis
omi damTavrda, al. SuSanaSvilma daiwyo afxazeTis dakargvis mize-
zebis gamoZieba... me miveci Cveneba... oCamCiris da galis raionis
dakargva – es xom sufTa Ralati iyo. Sen rom qalaqs ubrZolvelad
datoveb da erTi tyvia ar gavardnila, Ralatia, aba ra aris?!...
me ver vitandi jarSi korufcias... rom daSales da yvelaferi
gazides... ratom ar keTdeba CvenTan sabrZolo masala da ratom
vyidulobT?! imitom rom fuli keTdeba magaSi...“ da a. S. (ufro
vrclad amis Sesaxeb ix. „kviris palitra“ 7-13 maisi, 2001. gv. 5).
afxazeTi, omis dawyebamde iyo gayiduli da Cabarebuli q-n iza,
risi mravali damadasturebeli masala movitane wina werilebSic
da faqtia isic, rom SevardnaZis moRalate xelisufleba cdilobs
Ralatis mowmeTa ganadgurebas, rac naTlad Cans b-n yuraSvilis
interviuSic. amave gazeTis amave nomerSi dabeWilia kavkasiis
problematikis eqspertis mamuka areSiZis interviuc, romelSic
igi ambobs, rom moskovSi moRvawe nodar xiSba „tyvarCelis mo-
432
saxleobas puris fqvils ugzavnida tomrebiT, romelSic fqvilis
nacvlad iaraRi ido da Cvenebic utvinod atarebdnen am „humani-
tarul tvirTs“.
„ra undodaT CeCnebs zugdidSio“, gvikiJinebs iza orjonikiZe.
CeCeni konfederantebi (Tu ar vcdebi, ori avtobusiT) marTlac
gamoCdnen zugdidSi, romlebic „daxmarebas“ sTavazobdnen baton
zviads, magram konfederantebis mzakvrul Canafiqrs advilad mi-
uxvda b-n zviadi da basaevis mebrZolebi Tavaziani uariT gaistur-
ma ukan. mamuka areSiZe iqve wers basaevze:
„basaevi gaxlavT is pirovneba, romelic ruseTis specsamsax-
urebs yovelTvis sWirdeba ama Tu im etapze da, romelic araerTx-
el gamoiyenes, magaliTad afxazeTSi... basaevi rusebma gamoiyenes
yabardos konfliqtSi... azerbaijanSi... basaevi aris karti, romel-
sac ruseTis specsamsaxurebi aTamaSeben maSin, roca es maT sWir-
debaT...“. gamWriaxma prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam ki, zugdidSi
CeCeni „boevikebis“ Semogzavnis realuri gegmebi CauSala ruseTs.
„pirvelma prezidentma erT mitingze kaxelebi upativcemulod
moixseniao“, wers q-ni iza orjonikiZe, romelic ar aRuSfoTebia
SevardnaZis gankargulebiT samegreloze „mxedrionis“ urdoe-
bis mravalgzis Sesevas da maT naavkacars: gakoWili mamakacebis
Tvalwin colebis, debis, Svilebis gaupatiurebas, mkvlelobebs,
yaCaRobas. iqneb, qalbaton izas, msgavsi araferi smenia da amitom,
mraval Semzarav faqtTagan, mxolod erTis konstantaciiT Semov-
ifarglebi: 1992 wlis gazafxulze „senakis quCebSi... iaraRiani da
formiani xalxi ireoda... qalaqis ganapiras mdgari erT-erTi sax-
lis WiSkarTan satvirTo manqanidan oTxi formiani gadmovida da
ezoSi Sevida... „zviadisti xar da areulobaSi Senc monawileobdi,
ara?!“ – SeuRrines mosulebma maspinZels... oqro da fuli moitao...
revolverma iWeqa, moxuci mandilosani iqve Caikeca, rasac dedis
sikvdilis mxilveli Svilis araadamianuri Rriali mohyva... erTma
momxvdurma gogonas (romelic, Turme 16 wlisac ar iqneboda – l.
c.) TmaSi waavlo xeli da axla mas miado Sublze iaraRi... akivle-
bul gogonas... dauwyes tansacmlis Semoxeva... kaci ukve ki ar yvi-
roda, xaoda. qaliSvilis misaSveleblad gaiqca, magram ukan mdgar-
ma yaCaRma iatakze daagdo da misi Svilis kabis kalTas Caafrinda.
meoTxe formianma... „ im arakacze, mogvianebiT TbilisSi Camosulma
433
mamam iZia Suri (masala vrclad ix. gaz. „kviris palitra“, 7-13 mai-
si, 2001, gv. 7-8 „Tqveni Svili me movkali“ – namdvili ambavi).
q-n iza, amgvar Semzarav faqtebs ar aRuSfoTebia.
axla imis Sesaxeb, marTla moixsenia Tu ara batonma zviadma
„kaxelebi upativcemulod“. Tumca manam – cnobis saxiT: batoni
zviadis yvela samitingo gamosvla Suqdeboda masmediiT, romelSic
msgavsi gamonaTqvami dafiqsirebuli ar aris. sazogadoeba „kaxe-
Tis“ pirvel yrilobaze miwveulma batonma zviadma ki ase mimarTa
kaxelebs: „kaxeTi aris burji da imedi saqarTvelosi“. (ix. „saqarT-
velos respublika“, 196, 1991). xolo 1992 w. 10 maisis mimarTvaSi
devnilobaSi myofi prezidenti werda: „... kaxeTi mudam iyo simbo-
lo qarTveli xalxis gautexlobisa, mtrisadmi daumorCileblobi-
sa. amis mowmea xornabuji, gremi, ujarma... kaxeTma Sva gmiri me-
feebi da mxedarTmTavarni, kaxeTma Sva biZina ColoyaSvili, qaquca
ColoyaSvili, kaxeTma Sva didi ilia – didi moZRvarT-moZRvari
saqarTvelosi... mwams, rom kaxeTi arasodes amoudgeba gverdSi sa-
kuTari xalxis sisxlSi xelgasvril xuntas, kaxeTi uerTgulebs
Tavis arCevans“ da a. S. (ix. ormoci mimarTva sruliad saqarTve-
los mosaxleobisadmi).
zviad gamsaxurdias, arc erT mitingze „kaxelebi upativcemu-
lod“ ar mouxsenebia!
zugdidSi da mTel samegreloSic, kitovan-yaryaraSvilis
gvardielebsa da „mxedrionis“ bandebTan erTad molaSqre rusis
batalionebi wvavdnen, angrevdnen, Zarcvavdnen samegrelos, ris
Sesaxebac SemogTavazebT kanonieri xelisuflebis premier-minis-
tris b-n besarion guguSvilis intervius saTauriT „dRemde uc-
nobi dokumentebi saqarTvelos samoqalaqo omis Sesaxeb“ (gazeTi
„alia“, 12-13 oqtomberi, 2000).
rogorc cnobilia 1993 wlis seqtember-oqtomberSi, dasavleT
saqarTveloSi daiwyo kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgena, ris gamoc
„xuntis elitisa da SevardnaZis mdgomareoba ukiduresobamde gam-
wvavda, TviT xuntaSi gaCnda da farTovdeboda bzari – zugdids
moaSures faqtobrivi parlamentis calkeulma wevrebma da mTel-
ma jgufebma. uzenaes sabWosa da parlaments Soris aWaraSi dai-
wyo sistematuri konsultaciebi da dialogi. iqmneboda Sinagani
Zalebis dazavebis, Serigebis savsebiT realuri winapirobebi...
magram, araTu dazaveba, aramed molaparakebac ki dapirispire-
434
bul qarTvelebs Soris ar awyobda SevardnaZesa da... mis elitas.
swored amitom, SevardnaZem 1993 w. seqtember-oqtomberSi moaxdi-
na xelisuflebis xelaxali, sruli uzurpacia da Sewyvita isedac
uZluri parlamentis saqmianoba. amiT man faqtobriv parlaments
iZulebiT Cauketa erovnuli dazavebis momzadebaSi monawileobis
SesaZlebloba, CaSala dazavebisa da Serigebis momzadebis mTeli
procesi“.
rogorc viciT, xuntis „elitis“ erT-erTi TvalsaCino war-
momadgeneli q-n iza orjonikiZec gaxldaT. igi, gadatrialebam-
de, rogorc TviTonac aRniSnavs, rusTavelze, manqanebSi aTevda
Rames, dRisiT ki SeiaraRebuli opoziciis mitingebze mgznebare
mowodebebiT gamodioda. Tavis interviuSi, batoni guguSvili ex-
eba ra afxazeTis Temasac, ambobs: „afxazeTis dakargvis Tavidan
asacileblad, afxazeTis qarTvelobis gadasarCenad preziden-
ti zviad gamsaxurdia dabrunda devnilobidan. igi dauyovnebliv
gavida frontis wina xazze oCamCireSi da iq moaxerxa erToblivi
winaaRmdegobis Stabis Seqmna. es ukve ganxorcielebuli erovnuli
Serigeba da dazaveba iyo – amjerad orive qarTuli mxaris samx-
edrobis monawileobiT... erToblivma SeiaraRebulma Zalebma en-
ergiuli Seteva ganaxorcieles da faqtobrivad, soxumamde mTel
teritoriaze daamyares kontroli... gaerTianebuli SeiaraRebuli
Zalebi... prezident zviad gamsaxurdias meTaurobiT moqmedebdnen,
maTi gamarjveba gamsaxurdias gamarjveba iqneboda... myisve daiwyo
usastikesi Seteva soxumze, meore mxriv – SevardnaZis pirad daqve-
mdebarebaSi myofma javSansatanko nawilebma moulodnelad mia-
toves frontis xazi da svaneTis gavliT Tbilisisken gaemarTnen,
fronti javSnisa da artileriis gareSe darCa, afxazeTis gadarCe-
nis bolo Sansi daikara... SevardnaZem ganaxorciela Tavisi misia
(romlis Sesaxebac zviad gamsaxurdia didi xniT adre afrTxileb-
da qarTvel xalxs) da gaTamaSebuli, viTom faTerakebis gamovliT,
rusuli dacvis eskortiT Tbiliss dabrunda“.
TbilisSi dabrunebulma SevardnaZem samkvdro-sasicocxlo
brZola gamoucxada zviad gamsaxurdiasa da samegrelos.
aRmaSfoTebelia „wiTeli inteligenciis“ demagogiuri viS-viSi
Sedegebze, mizezebis danaSaulebrivi miCqmalviT. aTi welia mizan-
mimarTulad mimdinareobs Cveni axalgazrdobis sruli gamofitvis
– marazmatuli procesi. xelisuflebam axalgazrdobas gauyida
435
materialuri simdidreebi, daukarga teritoriebi da TviT sisx-
liT mopovebuli damoukideblobac, gausxvisa samSoblo. sakuTar
qveyanaSi arafris mepatrone, upovradqceuli axalgazrdoba meZa-
vur-avangarduli cxovrebis wesiT waaqeza.
aucilebelia naTelvyoT isic, Tu realurad ra motivebi gan-
sazRvravda „wiTeli inteligenciis“ brZolas zviad gamsaxurdias
winaaRmdeg. es gaxldaT piradi wyena elitarul-privilegirebuli
mdgomareobis dakargvis gamo: erTi cnobili novelisti prezi-
dent zviad gamsaxurdias mxolod imitom aujanyda, rom Turme,
Cveuli pativiT ar miiRo kabinetSi, anu – fexze ar wamouxta yo-
fili ck-s mdivnebis msgavsad (vinaobas ar vakonkreteb, radgan
dRes igi erovnuli xelisuflebis damcvelad gvevlineba). q-n iza
ki muzeumis direqtorobidan gaTavisuflebis gamo, SeiaraRebuli
opoziciis mxardamxar tankze „amxedrda“ da, roca Tanamdeboba
daibruna, „samsaxurSi gamoucxadeblobis“, „Semcirebisa“ Tu sxva
aprobirebuli sarCulebiT gaaTavisufla kanonieri xelisuflebis
momxre yvela is TanamSromeli, romelic mis diqtats ar daemor-
Cila: cici buqurauli, lia gedevaniSvili, rusudan niSnianiZe, ma-
rina niauri, rusudan kobaxiZe, ia xatiskaci, rusudan dauSvili,
ciala gagniZe, luiza ingoroyva, Tamar malazonia da sxvebi.
q-n izas mier lamis gmirad da patriotad Seracxulma saqarTve-
los e. w. prezidentma e. SevardnaZem, nacvlad imisa, rom ruseTis
mier saqarTvelosTvis dawesebuli „savizo reJimi“ Cveni qveynis
saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis ganmtkicebisaTvis gamoiyenos,
gamoTqvams sayvedurs da mzadyofnasac umetesi kapitulanturi
politikisaTvis, riTac aSkaravdeba misi aliansi putinis sabWour
mmarTvelobasTan, romlis mosamzadebeli etapi gaxldaT saqarTve-
los sng-Si SeTreva, rasac sxva sabWoTa mwerlebTlan erTad, 1994
w. 1 marts Catarebul sesiaze, xma misca q-n iza orjonikiZemac.
leila comaia
gaz. „axali epoqa“, 8 – 11 ivnisi, 2001 w. „Cveni mwerlobis“
saliteraturo CanarTi 2001 w. №23
436
am simarTliT vivli!
ilia WavWavaZis, rogorc ideuri moZRvris winaaRmdeg brZola

(misi wmindanad da marTlad Seracxvis miuxedavad), maxaraZe-or-
jonikiZeTa STamomavlebis mier dRemde grZeldeba. xelisuflebis
mier dafinansebuli „yviTeli presis“ aTwliani saqmianobis mixed-
viT Tu vimsjelebT, davaskvniT, rom analogiurad xangrZlivi da
daundobeli iqneba brZola damoukidebeli saqarTvelos preziden-
tis zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg.
gazeT „literaturuli saqarTvelos“ furclebidan, yofili
disidenti, xolo amJamad SevardnaZis kancelariis muSaki Teimu-
raz WanturiSvili wyevla-krulviani weriliT „mag simarTliT
iareT!“ (ix. 17-23 noemberi, 2000w.) Cveni samarTliani kritikisa
da mxilebisagan icavs, aseve yofil disidents, xolo amJamad Se-
vardnaZis mexotbes viqtor rcxilaZes. es „mamuliSviluri“ misia
ki baton Teimurazs imitom ukisria, rom „inteligentTa mxridan
siCumem da wayruebam“ cudis meti araferi mogvitanao.
CemTvis ucnobia, Tu ra niSniT miiCnevs Tavs inteligentad ba-
toni Teimurazi: kamaTisa da weris kulturiT, aRzrdiT, intele-
qtiT, ganaTlebis siRrmiT Tu habitusiT, magram viciT, rom igi,
arc erTiT ar gamoirCeva; maSasadame, unda vigulisxmoT rom Tavs
inteligentad xelmwifis navSi jdomiTa da saxelmwifo kancela-
riaSi muSakobiT Tvlis. amiT gadidgulebuli Teimurazi imdenad
gauSmagebia gazeT „axal epoqaSi“ gamoqveynebul Cems werils („vi-
sac simarTle ainteresebs“, 27 oqtomberi – 10 noemberi, 2000),
rom sityvaze kontroli daukargavs. arada, Cems vrcel werilSi
igi mxolod sul erTi fraziTa myavs moxseniebuli, rasac TiTqos
esoden ar unda gaecxarebina, magram xelmwifis navSi mxar-TeZoze
vin wamoawvens, Tu xelmwifisTvis ar iRvawa, ar imuSaka? hoda, igic
daSnis qneviT icavs xelmwifesac, xelmwifis kadrsac (v. rcxilaZ-
es) da xelmwifis xelisuflebis struqturul danamat mweralTa
kavSirsac. aseT goniswamrTmev jafaSi myofma (TanagrZnobiT vam-
bob) sul gautia da batoni rostom CxeiZe, jer Tanaavtorad gam-
omicxada da merme, sul mTlad mas miakuTvna Cemi werilis avto-
roba. aseT ukidegano usamarTlobis Jams, erTaderTi, iumoris
grZnoba Tu giSvelis adamians, Tuki amiT dajildovebuli xar, ra
437
Tqma unda, rac Cemze namdvilad ar iTqmis, magram mis arc srul
deficits ganvicdi.
swored amgvari iSviaTad wveuli iumoriT mivmarTe „Serigebis
kampaniiT“ SiSatanil batonebs viqtor rcxilaZesa da nodar lo-
mours – „reformirebuli samarTaldamcavi struqturebis warmo-
madgenlebma“, xom SeiZleba axla Tqven dagapatimroT-meTqi, rac
ase seriozulad miuRia baton WanturiSvils da wers: jer aZagebs
e. SevardnaZes da mere „eduard SevardnaZiTa da axali represiebis
wamowyebiT“ imuqrebao.
imis gamo, rom batoni Teimurazi metismetad mwir informacias
flobs Cems Sesaxeb – aranairad ( Tund Cavliladac) ar makavSirebs
mweralTa kavSirTan, amitomac, verafriT ijerebs am striqonebis
Cemmier avtorobas: „mweralTa kavSiri xelisuflebis struqturul
danamatad iqca, ris gamoc araerTma WeSmaritma mweralma datova
mweralTa kavSiri, riTac aRidgines eris ndoba“. amaze, gadaWriTa
da xelebis savsaviT acxadebs: „l. comaia amas ver dawerda“, ar-
amed, rostom CxeiZe dawerda, an daawerinebdao. da, amasTan daka-
vSirebiT, sruliad araavTentur polemikas mimarTavs, mweralTa
kavSiri arazviadistma mwerlebmac datoveso.
me, citirebul pasaJSi avsaxe faqti, movlena – WeSmariti mwer-
lebis mier mweralTa kavSiris datovebisa da ar momixdenia (arc
mifiqria) maTi klasificireba zviadist, arazviadist da deputat
mwerlebad misi mizanSeuwonlobis gamo, rameTu isini oden Tavian-
Ti SemoqmedebiT damkvidrdebian Tanamedrove qarTul mwerlobaSi
da ara, politikuri mrwamsiTa Tu poziciiT.
vinaidan, batoni Teimurazi „axal epoqaSi“ Cemi werilis gamo-
qveynebisaTvis Cems „patronobaSi amxels“ firma „omegas“, iZulebu-
li var mkiTxvels, werilis dabeWdvis „prestoria“ gavacno: werili
– „visac simarTle ainteresebs“, romlis pirvandeli, Cemeuli sa-
Tauri gaxldaT „kvlav viqtor rcxilaZis qvebudnobisa gamo“, igi,
„Serbilebis“ mizniT, batonma rostomma Semicvala da saerTodac,
teqstSic bevri ram Semirbila – Tavdapirvelad „axal eraSi“ mi-
vitane, sadac guldasmiT waikiTxes batonebma: elizbar javeliZem
da mamuka wiklaurma, magram misi moculobis gamo dabeWdvaze uari
miTxres.
vinaidan, sensaciurma da fabrikaciulma informaciebma ukve
karga xania STanTqes publicisturi da analitikuri presa, bato-
438
ni javeliZis uaris Semdgom, miwyiv werilis dabeWdvis problemis
winaSe davdeqi. odnav mogvianebiT erTma literatorma megobar-
ma mirCia, igi „axal epoqaSi“ mimetana. TiTqmis identuri saxel-
wodebis gamo, megona „axal eraze“ meubneboda da cota ar iyos
gaRizianebuli Sevepasuxe – „mitanili mqonda“-meTqi. man ki kvlav
igive damisaxela. me am saxelwodebis gazeTs, Cemda samarcxvinod,
ar vicnobdi, Tumca esec axali daarsebuli yofila da moviZie.
gazeTis gansxvavebulma formatma, qaTqaTa xarisxianma qaRald-
ma, gverdebis solidurma raodenobam da masalebis xasiaTma gad-
amawyvetina werilis mitana mis saliteraturo damatebaSi. baton
rostomTan axlo urTierToba arasodes mqonia, mxolod pirispir
Seyrisas, isic Tavis daqneviT, Tu mivesalmebodiT erTmaneTs. re-
daqciaSic „mSralad“ mimiRo da manac, moculobis gamo, dabeWd-
vaze uari miTxra.
rodesac xelketebiTa da eleqtroSokebiT aRkveTili gaqvs
poziciis gamoxatvis konstituciuri ufleba da quCaSi mSvidobi-
ani gamosvlisaTvis, an gapatimreben, an blagvi sagniT zurgidan
gesxmian Tavs, ar gaZleven saeTero dros da gazeTebSic uars geub-
nebian dabeWdvaze – karg gunebaze ver dadgebi. hoda mec mZlia
wuTierma sisustem, rac albaT saxezed gamomexata da batonma ros-
tomma masala dasabeWdad daitova.
miuxedavad imisa, rom Cemi werili gaxldaT gamoxmaureba gazeT
„literaturul saqarTveloSi“ dabeWdil viqtor rcxilaZis wer-
ilze, misi am gazeTSi mitanaze, arc mifiqria, radgan analogiuri
pasuxebis dabeWdvaze batonma Tamaz wivwivaZem orjer ukve miTxra
uari. erTxel 1992 wels da meored 1998 wels. miTxra-meTqi rbilad
vTqvi, Torem 1992 wels, besik quTaTelaZis werilebze sapasuxod
misuls, wivwivaZis moadgile jumber TiTmeria fizikurad damesxa
Tavs da sarTulebiani ginebiT, wivwivaZis Tvalwin redaqciidan
gamomaZeva. redaqciaSi, am dros saqmianad mimodiodnen iaraRasx-
muli biW-buWebi da TiTmeriasTvis Cveuli ukompromisobiT rom
mepasuxa, albaT iqedan cocxali veRarc gamovaRwevdi. gamarjve-
bis eqstazSi myofi „revolucioneri“ mwerlebi, verc saqciels da
verc sityvas kontrols veRar uwevdnen.
„preistorias“, ase vrclad WanturaSvilis mizanmimarTuli
ciliswamebebis gamo movyevi, vinZlo marTla represiebis fasad ar
daujdeT, Cemi werilis gamoqveyneba, gazeTis redaqtorsa da fir-
ma „omegas“ (?!). diax, verafriT mivmxvdarvar, Tavad firma ra Sua-
439
Sia, romelsac sruliad usafuZvlod Cems „mfarvelad“ acxadebs
da uSiSroebis saministros emuqreba „... dRes am mexuTe kolonas
(me – l. c.) mZlavri mfarveli gamouCnda milioner „omegas“ saxiT,
razedac Tavis droze pasuxi im uwyebebs moeTxovebaT, romelTac
saxelmwifo uSiSroeba abariaT“.
ai, ra donezea ayvanili saxelmwifo moxeleTa mxridan, Cvens
qveyanaSi, sityvisa da presis „Tavisufleba“. garda amisa, aris Tu
ara es, cxra wlis ganmavlobaSi, „zviadisturi“ opoziciis mimarT
Seqmnili mentaluri ganwyobis aSkara demonstrireba da poziciu-
ri aparateidis Tamami gamovlineba? aris Tu ara es politikuri
devna?
erovnuli xelisuflebis erT-erTma naklebad cnobilma depu-
tatma, cxra wliani umuSevrobis Semdgom, rodesac, rogorc iqna,
erT-erT firmaSi daiwyo muSaoba, ori Tvis Tavzed, misi firmis
ufrosi, im uwyebis ministrma, TanamSromelTa siiT daibara,
saidanac uzenaesi sabWos deputatis gvari sakuTari xeliT amoag-
do da firmis prezidents mkacri miTiTeba misca: moiSore, zvia-
distiao!
baton Teimurazs, Cemi polemika, dinjad da profesiuli Tval-
iT rom waekiTxa, ar moeCveneboda, rom me istorias vaswavli nodar
lomoursa da viqtor rcxilaZes (RmerTma damifaros msgavsi kad-
nierebisagan), aramed, vinaidan, cnobili mecnieri nodar lomouri
da sxvebi kvlav cdiloben saqarTvelos uaxlesi istoriis gayal-
bebas, me Sesabamisi dokumentebis gamoqveynebiT SeZlebisdagvarad
viRwvi, mcdari azrisa da Teoriis gabatonebis asacileblad, ra-
meTu istoriis gayalbebis mravalwlianma mavneblurma praqtikam,
isedac sakmarisze metad gamouTxara Ziri Cvens saxelmwifoebrio-
bas.
2006 wlis gazeT „asaval-dasavalSi“ (11- 17 seqtemberi)gamo-
qveynda mcire interviu nodar lomourTan:
„rogori reaqcia gqondaT, roca oriode wlis Semdeg Se-
ityveT, rom zviad gamsaxurdia gardaicvala?
– gamixarda...
ratom, batono nodar?
– yvela TvalsazrisiT uaryofiTi pirovneba iyo!
ar nanobT, ZmaTa mkvlel omSi rom miiReT monawileoba?
440
– rasakvirvelia, arasasiamovno faqti
iyo, magram piradad me, mimaCnia, rom gam-
saxurdias mimarT sxvanairi moqceva ar
SeiZleboda. es absoluturad samarTliani
moqmedeba iyo. igi unda gandevniliyo
saqarTvelodan, ufro metic, samegreloSi
ar unda CamoeSvaT“.
kvlav Teimuraz WanturiSvils davubrun-
deT; batoni Teimurazi, burgundia-burund-
Tan dakavSirebiT Cemi ganmartebis pasuxad
wers: „l. comaiam „morcxvad“ aRiara, rom
burgundia marTlac dawera“. sinamdvileSi
me ganvacxade, rom „marTlac momivida aseTi
teqnikuri xarvezi“ (ix. „asaval-dasavali“,
6-12 noemberi, 2000). rac sityva-sityviT niSnavs imas, rom sare-
daqcio werili, Cveulebisamebr manqanaze gadabeWdili mivitane re-
daqciaSi (dainteresebul pirebs SeuZliaT Seamowmon gazeTis re-
daqtor b-n grigalaSvilTan). ganaTlebuli adamianisaTvis ar unda
iyos esoden ucxo, koreqturis veragoba, riTac sul sxva azrsa da
mniSvnelobas iZens sityva. magaliTad Tavad WanturiSvilis wina-
dadebaSi – „yurad ar iyo es gafrTxileba“ – unda iyos „yurad
ar iRo“. kidev: „... korespodentisTvis eTqvas es sinamdvileSi“. aq
wertili arasworadaa dasmuli – unda iyos sityva „es“-sTan da a.
S. batonebma: rcxilaZem da WanturaSvilma iseTi gansakuTrebuli
yuradReba dauTmes burgundia-burunds, rom iZulebuli var meti
sinaTle Sevitano am „sabediswero“ SecdomaSi; vunderkindobas ver
daviCemeb da ver vityvi, rom TanmimdevrobiTa da qronologiuri
sizustiT zepirad SemiZlia CamovTvalo is ucxo saxelmwifoebi,
romlebmac prezident zviad gamsaxurdias periodSi cnes saqarT-
velos damoukidebloba. me vixelmZRvanele 1992 w. 8 maisis gazeT
„saqarTvelos respublikiT“, romelSic CamoTvlilia, Tu romelma
qveynebma gvcno 1992 w. 6 ianvramde. TanmimdevrobiT CamonaTval-
Si bolo, 28-e nomrad dasaxelebulia burundis respublika (ase-
vea moskovSi rusul enaze gamocemul zviad gamsaxurdias avtobi-
ografiul wignSic (gv. 121), romelic imTaviTve rusi da ucxoeli
mkiTxvelebisTvis iyo gankuTvnili da swored rusul an inglisur
enaze unda gamocemuliyo). 1991 wlis 27 agvistos dawyebuli saqa-
441
rTvelos damoukideblobis cnobis procesi, 1992 wlis 6 ianvris
Semdgom inerciiT gagrZelda. agenturuli opozicia ki dRemde
ukiJinebs zviad gamsaxurdias „TviTizolacias“, riTac faqtebis
gayalbebasa da miCqmalvas cdilobs. ase rom, romc araferi mcod-
noda burundis respublikis arsebobis Sesaxeb da igi burgundiaSi
amreoda, Cems xelT arsebuli dokumenti, amgvari „ucodinrobis“
gamomJRavnebis saSualebas ar momcemda, radgan mas sityva-sityviT
viwerdi.
ganaTlebul, wignier personebs isic unda moexsenebodeT, rom
amgvari kvleviTi da analitikuri msjelobis dros yoveli avtori
citirebas uSualo wyaroebidan axdens da TiTqmis arasodes eyrd-
noba (endoba) zepir informacias.
axla ki msgavsi cidamtkavluri intriga – yazaxeTisa da al-
ma-aTis Sesaxeb: batoni Teimurazi ise gvrisxavs me da baton zviads,
rcxilaZis gasaxlebis adgilmdebareobis miTiTebasTan dakavSire-
biT, TiTqos alma-aTa yazaxeTi ar iyos da sul sxva ganedsa Tu kon-
tinentze mdebareobdes, ris Sesaxebac me gazeT „asaval-dasavalSi“
(20-26 noemberi, gv. 2, 2000w.) ganmarteba aucileblad ar miviCnie
da arc axla miviCnev.
batoni Teimurazi gamoTqvams wyenas imis gamo, rom me (Cemi
mkiTxveli albaT SeniSnavda, rom am werilSi „Cven“- obiT aRar
vlaparakob, imis SiSiT, rom WanturiSvils igi piris nacvalsaxel-
Si ar SeeSalos da kvlav gazeTis redaqtoris Tanaavtoroba ar
damwamos) “krinti ar damiZravs“ mis wignze „simarTle z. gamsaxur-
dias Sesaxeb“, romelic jerjerobiT xelSi ar Camvardnia da roca
Camivardeba, vpirdebi, aucileblad mivapyrob jerovan yuradRe-
bas. rac Seexeba baton zviad gamsaxurdias „monaniebis“ Temas, igi
wina werilebSi amovwure da axla mxolod amas davZen: im brZnuli
da SorsmWvreteluri monaniebis mniSvneloba udavod didia saqa-
rTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenis sakiTxSi.
qveynis mokeTem da patriotma, mxolod maRali saxelmwifoebrivi
TviTSegnebiT unda Seafasos igi, rogoradac merab kostava afaseb-
da da mjera, rom swored ase Seafaseben mas momavali Taobebic.
gazeT „asaval-dasavalis“ interviuSi (6-12 noemberi, 2000) Cemi
gancxadebis fonze – „ar arsebobs zviadis dakiTxvis, arc erTi
oqmi, sadac igi pirdapir Tu iribad mianiSnebdes baton viqtoris
pirovnebaze“ – batoni Teimurazi axsenebs rcxilaZis mier 1998 w.
442
26 noember-2 dekembris gazeT „axal saqarTveloSi“ gamoqveynebul,
aqamde sruliad ucnob „oqms“. am „aRmoCenili“ oqmis gamo me vupa-
suxe baton viqtors vaxtang ZabiraZesTan gamarTul vrcel po-
lemikaSi, romelic „axalma saqarTvelom“ ar dabeWda, magram igi
mogvianebiT gazeT „gauxmaurebel faqtebSi“ gamoqveynda (ix. 13-19
aprili 1999 wlis, gagrZeleba, dasawyisi ix. wina nomerSi).
am e. w. oqmis zviadisa da merabis mkvlelobis Semdgom gamo-
qveyneba gvaZlevs safuZvels vifiqroT, rom igi yalbia da uSiS-
roebis specganyofielbaSi sagangebodaa SeTiTxnili mowmeTa
(zviad-merabis) ararsebobis Semdgom gamosaqveyneblad.
WanturiSvili saqarTvelos pirveli kanonieri prezidentis
zviad gamsaxurdias trivialur „tyuilze“ ise xmaurianad lapara-
kobs, TiTqos mis prezident e. SevardnaZes saxelmwifo danaSaulis
tolfasi tyuilebi ar uTqvams: bankebis fulis tomrebiT gavseba,
soxumis saimedod dacva da afxazeTis cocxali TaviT ardatoveba,
sng-Si arSesvlis fici, milioni samuSao adgilis Sesaxeb, savizo
reJimTan dakavSirebiT Tu sxvadasxva.
kritikas ver uZlebs batoni Teimurazis ironia konstantine gam-
saxurdias (umcrosis) esodeni informirebulobis Sesaxeb, „romelic
didi xania sazRvargareT cxovrobs da aqaur ambebs telepatiis meS-
veobiT gebulobso“, ise wers, TiTqos araferi gaegos kompiutere-
bis, eleqtronuli fostebis, faqsebis Sesaxeb da werilebi, TiTqos
kvlavac, oTxkuTxa da eniT dasvelebuli konvertebiT igzavnebodes.
batoni Teimurazi ise dascinis da sabWourad amaTraxebs „mil-
ioner firma „omegas“ da „Cveni xalxis filtvebis lpobiT gam-
didrebul gazeT „axal epoqas“, rom aSkaraa, warmodgena ara aqvs,
rogor sazogadoebriv wyobilebas aSenebs misi xelmwife – kapi-
talisturs Tu kvlav socialisturs. roca gaerkveva, kamaTsac
maSin gavumarTav. Tumca, iqneb, aRarc damWirdes – mis farul am-
boxs Rrmad Tu CavwvdebiT, misgan ufro radikali opozicioneri
ikveTeba, vidre dResa hyavT moqkavSirelebs.
ianaevis interviusTan dakavSirebiT msjelobas aRar gavagrZe-
leb, radgan igi rogorc „axali epoqis“ 27 oqtombris – 10 noem-
bris nomerSi davasabuTe, seriozul samxilad ver CaiTvleba.
WanturiSvili ganaqiqebs prezident zviad gamsaxurdias 1992
wlis 24 maisis mimarTvas da ar aRiarebs SevardnaZis xelisuflebis
mier avantiuristulad wamowyebuli omis katastroful Sedegebs,
443
razec, swored aRniSnul mimarTvaSi gangaSiTa da gamafrTxileb-
lad miuTiTebda devnilobaSi myofi prezidenti zviad gamsaxur-
dia, ris winaSec saubedurod davdeqiT sul raRac erT weliwadSi
– Cven, afsuebma da qarTvelebma erTnairad davkargeT afxazeTi.
cnobilia, rom omis gaCaRebisTanave, asobiT afsuam datova afx-
azeTi, radgan ar surda monawileoba ZmaTamkvlel omSi. swored am
kategoriis afsuebze (da ara arZinbasa da mis agenturul xrovaze)
akeTebda aqcents Tavisi qveynis patrioti prezidenti zemoxsen-
ebul mimarTvaSi. es unda moexsenebodes baton WanturiSvils, rom-
lis miamituri gakvirveba xidebisa da rkinigzebis afeTqebasTan
dakavSirebiT mxolod gaqnili fandia „TviTizolaciis“ kontrar-
gumentiT SeniRbuli.
aseve, WanturiSvili marjved iyenebs ra zviadis xelisuflebis
erovnuli gvardiis sardlis vaxtang qobalias winaaRmdeg SeTiTx-
nil braldebebs wers, rom prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia mas
„ukrZalavda“ eoma qarTuli jaris dasaxmareblad afxazeTSi, rac
agreTve morigi insinuaciaa, ris mtkicebulebadac „axal epoqa-
Si“ gamoqveynebul Cems werilebSi „visac simarTle ainteresebs“
sakmarisi dokumentebi moviyvane. gTavazobT kidev erT masalas
gazeT „axali Taobidan“, romlis me-9 gverdze (1999 w. 29 ivlisi)
gazeTis korespondentebis lado sulaberiZisa da giorgi kvitaS-
vilis publikaciaSi saTauriT „zviad gamsaxurdias brZanebiT, Se-
vardnaZis jarebTan erTad tyvarCeli unda agveRo“ – afxazeTSi
mebrZoli „SevardnaZisti“ (mTxrobeli publikaciaSi asea warmod-
genili) gela ZnelaZe aRwers: „oCamCireSi umokles droSi Segro-
vda mZime teqnika da meomrebi. amasTan erTad SemogvierTdnen,
rogorc me vici, zviad gamsaxurdias brZanebiT loTi qobalias
SeiaraRebuli formirebebi. yvelani erTad videqiT. daviwyeT ma-
sirebuli dawola tamiSis mimarTulebiT“ da a. S. batoni Wantur-
iSvili „mexuTe kolonobas“ mwamebs 1992 w. 22 dekembers, afxazeTis
omis Sewyvetis moTxovniT mowyobili manifestaciis gamo. es sxva
SemTxvevasTan dakavSirebiT rom eTqva, erTxel mainc gulianad
gavicinebdi, magram radgan ciliswameba Zalze tragikul Temas ex-
eba, sicilis gunebaze ver davdgebi. Tu vin Seasrula „mexuTe kol-
onis“ roli saqarTveloSi da vin ganagrZobs am rolis Sesrulebas,
es yvelam icis da WanturiSvilis ciliswamebebi ar maRelvebs. am-
aRelvebeli mxolod „yofili disidentis“ esoden gamJRavnebuli
444
renegatoba da kolaboracionalizmia. droa Sewydes istoriis gay-
albeba da utifari spekulireba afxazeTisa da samaCablos TemiT
xelisuflebis calsaxad gamokveTili kapitulanturi politikis
fonze.
Cemi naTqvamis konteqstidan amoglejiT, misi araswori inter-
pretirebiTa da gayalbebiT, batoni Teimurazi, mkiTxvelis Secdo-
maSi Seyvanas cdilobs; viqtor rcxilaZisadmi merab kostavas ndo-
bis ganmsazRvrelad, TaRliTurad warmoaCens ra maT SemoqmedebiT
urTierTobas, brals mdebs sicrueSi, TiTqos, merabis mier viqto-
ris JurnalisaTvis sagangebod dawerili werili ise warmovadgine,
rom TiTqos rcxilaZem m. kostavas, calke, raRac werili aiRo da
Tavis JurnalSi dabeWda. „magram tyuils xom mokle fexebi aqvs?“
ritorikulad kiTxulobs igi da merabis werilis Sinaarsze mi-
TiTebs, romelic CemTvis iseve kargad aris cnobili, rogorc ba-
toni WanturiSvilisTvis, magram amaze qvemoT.
jer gavaanalizoT, Tu ramdenad samarTliania misi braldeba
Cems mimarT, „asaval-dasavalis“ korespondentTan saubarSi me am
sityvebiT: „ndobis dasturad verafriT gamodgeba sakuTar Jur-
nalSi sakuTari werilis gaswvriv merabis werilis gamoqveyneba“,
ubralod, analogireba movaxdine Tavad baton viqtoris naTqvam-
isa: merabi „mendoboda ki ara, rodesac 1988 wels aralegaluri
Jurnali „Zeli WeSmariti“ gamoveci, pirvel nomerSi Cemi Sesava-
li werilis gverdiT merabis vrceli werilic aris“ ... da a. S. (ix.
„asaval-dasavali“, 30 oqtomberi – 5 noemberi, 2000). merabisa da
zviadis saubris gaxsenebiT ki naTelvyavi, rom merabi viqtorTan,
amJamad, mxolod religiur-filosofiur JurnalTan dakavSirebiT
urTierTobda da ara politikur sakiTxebze, raSic aRar endoboda
mas.
axla ki Tavad Jurnalis Sesaxeb: Jurnali „Zeli WeSmaritis“
pirveli nomeri, romelSic merab kostavas xsenebuli werilia
gamoqveynebuli, Tavis droze mec SeviZine da igi 1993 wlis se-
qtembramde Cems biblioTekaSi inaxeboda, magram 1993 wlis 24 se-
qtembers, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTveloSi dabrune-
basTan dakavSirebiT (kerZod – zugdidSi), SevardnaZis reJimis
mier TbilisSi Catarebuli masobrivi represiebis dros, maSindeli
sainformacio-sadazvervo samsaxuris ufrosis (aseve yofili dis-
identis, Cemi yofili megobrisa da TanamebrZolis) irakli baTi-
445
aSvilis sanqciiT, Cems dasapatimrebladac warmogzavnilma 12-mde
SeiaraRebulma pirma (romlebsac me saxlSi ar davxvdi) Caatara ra
Cemi binis Cxreka, waiRo Cemi arqivis mniSvnelovani nawili, romlis
dabrunebis moTxovnaze ramdenime Tvis win sajaro gancxadeba ga-
vakeTe (ix. „axali era“, 5 seqtemberi, gv. 3.2000w.). vfiqrob, batoni
viqtoris is aralegaluri Jurnali „Zeli WeSmariti“, waRebuli
arqivis im nawilSi moxvda, radgan igi am werilTan dakavSirebiT
moviZie da veRar vipovne.
ai, es aris simarTle yvelafer imaze, razec Tqven sicrues
werT. me ki simarTle vTqvi da kvlavac am simarTliT vivli!
leila comaia
gaz. „axali epoqa“, 15-17 dekemberi, 2000 w.
„Cveni mwerlobis“ saliteraturo CanarTi 2000 w. 24
qvabavazakTTa dilema
vaxtang baxtaZem, rodesac mTawmindaze merab kostavas

saflavze avdiodiT, gzad aseTi ram miambo: 1992 wels, saxelmwifo
gadatrialebis Semdgom, gadavwyvite, sakuTari xarjebiT wigni
gamomeca merabze. Sekrebili masalebi saTauriT – “gamoTxoveba
erovnul gmir merab kostavasTan”- mivitane mecnierebaTa akademiis
stambaSi dasabeWdad.gamosacem wigns davurTe suraTi erT-erTi
mitingidan zviadisa da merabisa. stambis direqtorma mokrZalebiT
miTxra, rom am suraTs retuSirebas gavukeTeb, zviads wavSli,
Torem sxvagvarad garTuldeba wignis dabeWdvao. ise Zalian mindoda
am wignis gamocema, rom iZulebuli gavxdi davTanxmebuliyavio.
samwuxarod, dRemde grZeldeba amgvari mavne politika am
istoriuli gmirebis, ufrore ki,zviadis mimarT; xuntismemkvidre
xelisufalT, Tu calkeul politikur Zalebs, lamis dilemad
eqcaT zviad-merabis monoliTuri erToba da politikuri simbiozi,
sikvdilis Semdgomac rom ver ganucalkevebiaT erTmaneTisgan...
446
isini, vinc, zviadisagan gancalkevebiT, merabis siyvaruls
iCemeben – farisevloben!
msgavs qvabavazakebs, merabis `siyvarulis“ mtkicili, zviadis
winaaRmdeg gasalaSqreblad sWirdebaT mxolod...
447
vin warmoadgenda ruseTis imperiul Zalebs da mis
agenturas saqarTveloSi 90-ian wlebSi
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikis prezidentma zviad

gamsaxurdiam da misma uzenaesma sabWom, 1991 wlis 31 marts, Caa-
tara sayovelTao saxalxo referendumi saqarTvelos respublikis
damoukideblobis aRdgenis Sesaxeb, rasac dadebiTi xma misca sa-
qarTvelos mosaxleobis 98,9%-ma. Catarebuli referendumis sa-
fuZvelze, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, 1991 wlis 9 aprils
miiRo saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenis
aqti. sul male, saqarTveloSi, amoqmeddnen ruseTis imperiuli
Zalebi da TavianTi agenturis meSveobiT daiwyes SeiaraRebuli
destabilizacia saqarTvelos prezidentisa da misi xelisuflebis
iaraRis ZaliT damxobis mizniT.
amasTan dakavSirebiT, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam, 1992
wlis 14 ianvris mimarTvaSi ganacxada: ìmperiuli Zalebis mier
inspirirebulma putCma udidesi ubedureba daatexa saqarTve-
los. putCistebi cdiloben xelisuflebis uzurpirebas, mTa-
vrobis Camoyalibebas, Tumca maTi yovelgvari qmedeba ukanonoa
da arakonstituciuri. a.w. 6 ianvars, me saqarTvelos kanonierma
prezidentma da xelisuflebis sxva warmomadgenlebma davtoveT
uzenaesi sabWos Senoba, raTa aRar gagrZelebuliyo ngreva da
sisxlisRvra..~ xolo 1992 wlis 24 martis mimarTvaSi, iaraRis Za-
liT gandevnili prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia werda: `sabWoTa ka-
vSiris daSlis Semdeg, ruseTis modernizebuli imperia ganagrZobs
arsebobas da cdilobs xelyos yovelive is, rasac mivaRwieT wle-
bis manZilze Tavdauzogav brZolaSi. igi inarCunebs saokupacio
jarebs Cvens teritoriaze, maTi mxardaWeriT cdilobs ganamtki-
cos Tavisi marionetuli kriminaluri xunta, raTa saqarTvelos
ar eRirsos sruli da WeSmariti Tavisufleba da damoukideblo-
ba, raSic ruseTs exmareba dasavleTis zogi saxelmwifo, romelic
scnobs xuntas..”, anu SevardnaZis reJims, romelic samxedro-krimi-
naluri gadatrialebis Semdeg, samxedro sabWos mowveviT 7 marts
Camovida saqarTveloSi.
448
leqsebi „qristeSoba“ da „qvabavazaki“
zviad gamsaxurdias ar ekuTvnis!
sanam uSualod sakiTxis arsze gadavidode minda aRvniSno, rom

me, arc literaturis mkvlevari gaxlavarT da arc literaturis
kritikosi, ubralod miyvars literatura da kalamic Tavadac mo-
misinjavs am dargSi. baton zviad gamsaxurdias literaturuli mem-
kvidreobisadmi (poeziisadmi) ki Cemi gansakuTrebuli yuradReba
motivirebulia misi, rogorc politikuri figuris mimarT, poetu-
ri qmnilebebis JongliorTagan dacviT. sazogadod cnobilia, rom
zviad gamsaxurdias mtrebi da yalbismqmnelebi, arc sicocxleSi ak-
lda da arc sikvdilis Semdgom aklia. Cvens amJamindel davis sagans
ki, zviad gamsaxurdias saxeliT gavrcelebuli ramdenime leqsi war-
moadgens. esenia: „Cemi Taoba“, „qvabavazaki“ da „qristeSoba“.
rogorc gamavrcelebelTagan irkveva, samive leqsi zviadis si-
cocxleSive xelnaweris saxiT vrceldeboda xalxSi, Tumca ucnobia,
icoda Tu ara am leqsebis Sesaxeb Tavad zviadma. me, rogorc zviad-
Tan met-naklebad daaxloebul pirs, amis Sesaxeb araferi msmenia
misgan da Tavad CemTvisac am dromde ucnobi iyo pirveli-ori le-
qsis zviadisad gavrcelebis faqti. xolo, rac Seexeba mesame leqss
„qristeSoba“ igi mec, zerelobiT, zvidisad mimaCnda. leqsi, zviadis
gardacvalebis Semdeg daibeWda jemal davlianiZis redaqtorobiT
gamomaval erovnuli moZraobis gazeT „saqarTvelos samreklo“-s
bolo gverdze (N 1, 16-23 noemberi, 1996 weli), romelic 07.01.92 wl-
iTaa daTariRebuli da stambur teqsts axlavs zviad gamsaxurdias,
rogorc avtoris faqsimile.
gazeTis redaqtoris jemal davlianiZis zepiri TqmiT, es leqsi
mas gamosaqveyneblad gadasca aw gardacvlilma akademikosma vaxtang
boWoriSvilma, romelsac batoni zviadis dakrZalvisas groznodan
Camoutania xelnaweris saxiT, Tumca leqsi xelmouwereli yofila da
arc Tavad teqstic iyo zviad gamsaxurdias xelnaweri, magram radgan
groznodan Camoitana, CaiTvala, rom leqsi zvid gamsaxurdias ekuT-
vnoda. ucnobi darCa, batoni boWoriSvilisaTvis, xelnaweri leqsis
gadamcemis vinaobac. xelnaweri varianti ki sabolood Cavardnila
449
redaqciis TanamSromel zaur iobaias xelSi, visganac dakargula,
xolo mogvianebiT ki Tavad iobaiac gardaicvala. iobaias pasuxSi,
rom, TiTqos, leqsi “qristeSoba“ manamde sxvaganac iyo gamoqveynebu-
li, igi uTuod gulisxmobs uzenaesi sabWos deputat zviad bokuCavas
mier 1995 wels gamocemul kalendars, romelzedac gamoqveynebuli
iyo es leqsi deputat beJan javaxiasgan gamoTxovili zviadis ekle-
siuri suraTiT.
batoni jemal davlianiZis TqmiT ki, leqsi, gamoqveynebamde, ba-
ton muxran maWavarianisaTvis miutania da misTvis ukiTxavs, SeiZle-
boda Tu ara es leqsi zviadis dawerili yofiliyo, romlisganac saT-
uo pasuxi miuRia: „SeiZleba...“ da mxolod mas Semdeg gadauwyvetia
misi gazeTSi dabeWdva. Tu leqsis ganTavsebis adgilis mixedviT vims-
jelebT (ganTavsebulia gazeTis bolo, merve gverdze), redaqtori
mTlad darwmunebuli ver unda yofiliyo zviadis avtorobaSi, To-
rem ufro sapatio adgils (wina gverds) miuCenda leqss. es Cemi subi-
eqturi azria da mas mxolod arsebobis ufleba aqvs.
leqsis gamoqveynebisTanave, jemal davlianiZes, cxare polemika
gaumarTa aw gardacvlilma mweralma omar goCelaSvilma, romel-
ic kategoriulad uaryofda leqsze zviadis avtorobas (gazeTe-
bi: „aRdgoma“ N51(148), 1996 wlis dekemberi, saTauriT „prezidentis
diskreditacia Tu misi saxeliT spekulacia?“, gaz. „aRdgoma“ N3(156),
1997 wlis ianvari, saTauriT „saqarTvelos samreklo“ sarisxvo zars
rekavs“, gaz. „oqros sawmisi“, N19, 1997 wlis, saTauriT „uciloblobs,
viTa jori“ da sxv.). omar goCelaSvilis mosazrebas pirad saubrebSi
iziarebdnen poetebi irine taliaSvili, mzisadar navrozaSvili da
sxvebi.
`qristeSobis~ zviad gamsaxurdias avtorad saeWvod miiCnevs
cnobili literatori da deputati mrgvali magididan, Temur qoriZe
da gamoTqvams survils Seudges zviadis poeziis kvlevas.
omar goCelaSvilis polemikas radikalurad mwvave reaqcia mohy-
va, rogorc gazeT „saqarTvelos samreklos“ redaqciis mxridan, aseve
gazeTis pasuxismgebeli mdivnis (SemdgomSi, erT-erTi redaqtori)
zurab wulaias calke weriliT „Cveni ganmarteba“ (ix. dasaxelebu-
li gazeTi 23-31 dekemberi, N4(34), 1996 weli, gv.3). xolo amave gaze-
Tis momdevno nomerSi, zaur iobaiam, saTauriT „finaCi“, pirovnu-
lad gaacamtvera omar goCelaSvili (ix. 7-14 ianvari, 1997 w. N5(35),
gv.5). Tumca, me verc goCelaSvilis werilis paToss gaviziareb, rom
450
TiTqos „saqarTvelos samreklos“ redaqcias (an, Tundac, kalendris
gamomcemels), am leqsis zviadisad gamoqveynebiT, raime ukeTuri mi-
zani amoZravebdaT (zviadis diskreditacia, misi saxeliT spekulire-
ba da sxv.).
unda iTqvas, rom goCelaSvilis pirovnuli gacamtverebis garda,
Tavad polemikis saganze (leqsze), gazeTis redaqciis mxridan saer-
Tod araferi Tqmula, garda litoni Sepirebisa, rom „leqsis warmo-
Sobaze... SevecdebiT Cveneuli analizi da pasuxi Semdeg nomrebSi Se-
mogTavazoT“ (zurab wulaia), rac dapirebad darCa.
leqsTan dakavSirebuli miTqma-moTqma, droTa ganmavlobaSi Cems
mexsierebaSi daileqa; gasuli, 2012 wlis 31 dekembers, zviadis gar-
dacvalebasTan dakavSirebul mcire mogonebasTan erTad, inerciiT
mec wamicda xeli zviadiseulad wodebul am leqsze da facebook-Si ga-
movaqveyne, rasac maleve zviadis ufrosi vaJis konstantine gamsax-
urdias gamoxmaureba (SeniSvna) mohyva: “minda mogaxsenoT Cemi Tval-
sazrisi, rom leqsi `qristesSoba~ zviad gamsaxurdias kalams ar
ekuTvnis. esaa fsevdoepigrafi. igi arc erT punqtSi ar Seesabameba
mis tropikas, saxismetyvelebas, riTmaTwarmoebas, Teologias ise,
rogorc es ikveTeba mis erTaderT poetur krebulSi “mTvaris niS-
noba” (pirvelad gamoica 1989 wels). am leqsSi imadroulad aris
ramodenime liafsusic. imis gamo, rom xsenebuli poeturi krebuli
miCqmaluli iyo, bevri ar icnobs mas, xolo bevrisTvis igi metis-
metad rTulia, rogorc Cans. zviad gamsaxurdias poezia, romelic
sruliad axali sityvaa qarTul literaturaSi da sruliad orig-
inaluri da TviTmyofadia, momavalSi uTuod gaxdeba profesion-
aluri Seswavlis sagani. rac Seexeba am leqss, (anu “qristesSoba”)
SesaZloa mis damwers marTlac ar amoZravebda cudi zraxva – ram-
denadac es leqsi advilad gasagebia da axdens emociur zemoqmede-
bas adamianebze (anu avtors undoda adamianebis yuradReba mieqcia
zviad gamsaxurdias tragikul cxovrebasa da xvedrze.)”.
am mokrZalebulma SeniSvnam gadamawyvetina Tavadac davinter-
esebuliyavi sakiTxiT da daviwye wyaroebis moZieba. pirvelwyarod,
rasakvirvelia aviRe zviad gamsaxurdias erTaderTi leqsebis krebu-
li „mTvaris niSnoba“, romelic kidev erTxel srulad da amjerad
sxva TvaliT wavikiTxe. 1989 wels gamocemul am krebulSi, 1992 wlis 5
ianvriT daTariRebuli leqsi „qristeSoba“, raRa Tqma unda, ar miZeb-
nia, magram winare or leqss ki mTeli gulisyuriT da mondomebiT
451
davuwye Zebna, wignis furclebic ki gadavTvale, vinZlo, furcel-
nakluli (amoxeuli) ar yofiliyo! 1980-ian wlebSi xalxSi xelnaweriT
gavrcelebuli, arc qvemomoyvanili leqsebi aRmoCnda am krebulSi .
Cemi Taoba
SiSSi aRzrdili, undoblobaSi dakacebuli,

cixis muqariT gamwarebuli,
me mecodeba kastrirebuli Cemi Taoba,
visac Ralatad uTvlidnen sindiss
da umecrebad gambedaobas.
sxvisi brZanebiT namReri himniT,
sxvisi brZanebiT nakiTxi wigniT,
dibermaniviT erTnairi gareT da SigniT.
me mecodeba kastrirebuli Cemi Taoba.
an gayiduli suliT xorcamde,
an cixe-cixe naTrev-nacemi,
an dardiT Rvinis kasrSi CamxrCvali,
an Cin-medlebiT savse, gamcemi,
rac hqonda wminda
yvelaferi xelSi daobda.
Tan mecodeba, Tan mezizReba
Cemi Tavic da Cemi Taobac.
ra gaaCnia? ra datova? ras gaixsenebs?
pirutyvis SiSi, gadamdebi seni sazari,
Tu Tavis yofis sircxvili da araraoba,
me mecodeba kastrirebuli Cemi Taoba.
dRes TamaSia vnebaTa Relvis,
mxolod TamaSi, grZeli, gabmuli,
sircxvili imas, rac suls aklia!
es speqtaklia, cudad dadgmuli
da yalbi asli sinamdvilisa!
qalebi berwni, vaJni cvedanni
- ai dedani!
z.g.
452
qvabavazaki
is winaparTa siwmindes bilwavs

da aris suk-is erTguli ZaRli,
eklesiisas aferxebs winsvlas,
sarwmunoebis mteria axlis.
SeniRbulia wminda samosiT,

rogorc cxvris qurqiT mgel-mtacebeli,
miyiduli aqvs mtrisTvis namusi,
aris mzakvari, damtacebeli.
igi mamonas saxeliT gnaTlavs

da belzebelis saxeliT glocavs,
is naTlobisTvis wagglijavs aTmags,
qorwinebisTvis wagglijavs ocmags.
amasxaravebs, amoklebs wesebs

lazRandarobiT, qilikiT, gesliT,
misi bageni Wors da RvarZls Tesen,
mis yurebs mxolod dasmena esmiT.
aRsarebaze fxizlobs jaSuSi,

raTa dosie Seavsos Savi,
xan iketeba rwmenis naWuWSi,
rom mogaCvenos wmindanad Tavi.
vaWrobs xatebiT, sovdagrobs jvrebiT,

Savi dRisaTvis iZens qonebas,
visac Caigdebs ZaliT Tu nebiT,
daakargvinebs Tavs da gonebas.
Semoikriba irgvliv msyidvelni,

lesboselni da mamaTmavalni,
Worebisa da RvarZlis mTesvelni,
geslianni da enamravalni.
453
taZari RvTisa, madlisa mfeni
ise swams, rogorc meqa an qaba,
mas wminda saxli mamisa Cvenis
garduqcevia avazakT qvabad.
is Semogzavna aq antiqristem,
raTa daamxos RvTis eklesia,
maxe daugos miamit Tvistoms
da daaviwyos RmerTi mesia.
warwymedilia sodomis codviT,

is ar ixilavs zecas arodes,
misi saxeli aris hipokrit,
mis mwyemsobidan zeca gfaravdes.
zviad gamsaxurdia
diax, arc erTi am leqsTagani ar aris Setanili zviadis sicocx-

leSi, 1989 wels gamocemul leqsebis krebulSi, magram, Cvenda ga-
sakvirad „mTvaris niSnobaSi“, agreTve ar aris Setanli, arc merab
kostavasadmi 1985 wels miZRvnili leqsi „wamebul Zmisadmi“ . xsen-
ebuli leqsi zviad gamsaxurdias mxolod moyvanili aqvs misi re-
daqtorobiT gamocemul merab kostavas leqsebis krebulis (gamoica
1990 wels) winaTqmaSi „Ze qariSxlisa“, sadac zviadi wers: „iraklis
(merab kostavas vaJis – l.c.) tragikuli TviTmkvlelobis Semdeg
kvlav momivida cimbiridan cnoba, merabi ganwiruliao!... avtexe xmau-
ri. imxanad amoxeTqa Cemi gulidan pasuxma mis leqsze (gulisxmobs
„Zmas qristesmiers“ – l.c.), romelsac axla vaqveyneb“. da swored aq
aqveynebs merabisadmi miZRvnil leqss “wamebul Zmisadmi“.
amgvarad, is argumenti, rom zemoyvanili leqsebi („Cemi Taoba“,
„qvabavazaki“) imitom ar SeiZleba iyos zviadis, rom zviadis krebul-
Si ar aris Setanili, vfiqrob, mTlad myar argumentad ver gamodgeba.
1999 wels, zviad gamsaxurdias dabadebidan 60 wlisTavTan dakav-
SirebiT, prezidentis qvrivma manana arCvaZe- gamsaxurdiam sakuTrivi
redaqtorobiT gamosca zviadis leqsebis krebuli „mTvaris niSno-
ba“, romelSic Seutania merab kostavasadmi miZRvnili zviadis leq-
454
si „wamebul Zmisadmi“. amasTanave, kidev ramdenime ( Svidi) axali le-
qsic, maT Soris, sadaod qceuli 1992 wlis 5 ianvriT daTariRebuli
– „qristeSobac“. iseve, rogorc „qristeSoba“, danarCeni axali Svidi
leqsic, zviadiseuli krebulis leqsebisagan mkveTrad gansxvavdeba,
rogorc stiliT, aseve mxatvruli RirebulebiTac. ai, qalbatoni ma-
nanas mier gamocemul rveulSi Setanili es leqsic!
qristeSoba
Rimili da milocvebi
Tumca bevri gaveciT
qriste aRsdga – WeSmaritad
xolo Cven ki daveciT
albaT TviTon RmerTi irCevs ucnauri ramea,
qristeSoba TiTqmis mudam saocari Ramea,
dekemberi daaWenebs yinviT naxat etlebsa
am RamiT xom wamebuli qriste iSva beTlemsa.
mere zecad aRevline, ar gigues miwaze,
nuTu aRar dabrundebi codvili dedamiwaze.
zecad asuls ukan gagyva locva cremlis damdeni,
qveynad erTi qriste darCi da iuda ramdeni.
albaT misTvis gaiafda Ralati da gacema,
fexze dgoma aris Zneli advilia dacema!
mec davrwmundi, ar gamqrala qveynad Suri da mtroba,
mec momiwevs leonardos saidumlo seroba.
da warsuli sizmrad meqca, momavali ocnebad,
megobari veRar micnobs, mnaxavs da gaocdeba.
qristeSobas, sxva Cems garda, sevdas vin daibedebs,
Zveli weli xsovnas marTmevs, axali ki imedebs.
qriste aRsdga! qriste aRsdga! Cemi suli cas uxmobs,
WeSmaritad! – kvlav iuda niSnisgebiT mpasuxobs.
Tumca Sublze samarcxvino minda daRi davakra,
jvars ver vkadreb, qristes mere zed iuda gavakra.
Sercxvenili, warwymendili egdos qveynad eTrios,
xolo Senze mraval mlocvels kvlavac Rame eTios.
rwmena Znelad gadarCeba, xati ufro advilad,
qriste aRsdga! WeSmaritad, qriste aRsdga, namdvilad!
5.01.92 weli
455
zustad asea dabeWdili es leqsi qalbaton mananaseul TviTga-
mocemaSi, xolo xalxSi xelnaweris saxiT gavrcelebul variantebSi,
leqsis TariRad zogan aRniSnulia 7.01. 92 weli, xolo zog SemTx-
vevaSi TariRi saerTod ara aqvs dasmuli. amasTanave, erT-erT xel-
nawer variantSi (grafikuli CarCoTi gamSvenebul) leqss saTaurad
gakeTebuli aqvs leqsis meaTe striqoni – „fexze dgoma aris Zneli,
advilia dacema!“ romelzedac xelmowerad, Tumca dasmulia zviad
gamsaxurdias faqsimile, magram leqsis xelnawers da faqsimiles So-
ris sxvaoba TvaliTac kargad saCinoa. anu, saqme gvaqvs teqnikur ma-
nipulaciasTan.
amave xelnawer variantSi, qalbaton mananas teqstze epigrafad
wamZRvarebuli kupleti („Rimili da milocvebi...“), mavanis mier Ta-
vad leqsis striqonebadaa darTuli. amgvari teqstologiuri liaf-
sus-cvlilebebi xelnawerebze dabedebuli zogadi senia da amgvar
Tamam sens ver ascda TviT „vefxvistyaosanic“.
Cvens xelT arsebuli qalbaton mananas mier dabeWdili zviadis
leqsebis `krebuli~ ki, Cveni TvalsazrisiT, ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos
seriozul gamocemad mraval mizezTa gamo. kerZod: krebuls ar
gaaCnia sagamomcemlo indeqsi, miTiTebul-damisamarTebuli ar aris
wignis gamomcemloba da stamba, wigns ar hyavs dargis specialisti
redaqtor-gamomcemeli da recenzenti, romlebic or striqonian
anotacias mainc dawerdnen da gvamcnobdnen, rom es „wigni“ warmoad-
gens meore da Sevsebul gamocemas da Tavidan agvacilebdnen „axali
leqsebis“ ukritikod Setanasac.
amdenad, „mTvaris niSnobiT“ dasaTaurebuli zviad gamsaxurdias
axali `krebuli~, realurad, warmoadgens manana arCvaZe-gamsaxur-
dias mier 1999 wels TviTgamocemul rveuls, xolo 1989 wels ga-
momcemloba „meranis“ mier gamocemuli zviad gamsaxurdias leqsebis
krebuli „mTvaris niSnoba“ ki, dRemde rCeba bibliografiul iSvia-
Tobad.
me mzad var, Cems xelT arsebuli yvela masala saZiebel wyarod ga-
davce kompententur literator-mkvlevarT, raTa dadgindes yvela
sadao leqsis kuTvnileba Tu warmomavloba.
samwuxarod, me ver movipove kalendari xsenebuli leqsiT, Ta-
vad gamomcemel zviad bokuCavasganac ki, riTac gamakvirva misma
damokidebulebam miZRvniTi kalendrisadmi, risi Tundac erTi eg-
zemplaris saarqivod Senaxvis survili da neba ar gasCenia mas. amg-
456
varive damokidebulebiT unda avxsnaT kalendris gamocemis zusti
TariRis “amovardnac” misi mexsierebidan!
amitomacaa aucilebeli, rom yoveli adamiani, yovelgvar saqmia-
nobaSi, gulwrfeli da kompetenturi iyos!...
Cemi varaudiT, manana arCvaZe-gamsaxurdias beWdur rveulSi
zviadis kuTvnilebad Setanili „qristeSoba“ da bolo eqvsi leqsic,
SeiZleba ekuTvnodes, aseve poetsa da mTargmnels cotne gamsax-
urdias, romelic 1992 wlisTvis, sruliad mowifuli, me-16-e welSi
gadamdgari ymawvili gaxldaT da romlisTvisac ucxo da Sorebeli
ver iqneboda saqarTvelos imdroindeli tragikuli viTareba, rasac
legitimurad erwymoda misi ojaxis piradi tragediac, ramac ymawvi-
lis gulSi gaelvebad Sva amgvari unugeSoba: „qristeSobas, sxva Cems
garda, sevdas vin daibedebs? Zveli weli xsovnas marTmevs, axali ki
– imedebs,“ rac zviad gamsaxurdias „TviTmkvlelobis“ momxreebma,
zviadis depresiulobis sasurvel frTian frazad aqcies...
rac Seexeba leqss „qvabavazaki“ (da leqsic „Cemi Taoba“), romel-
sac saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis ilia II-is winaaRmdeg mar-
jved iyenebs facebook-Si, xan Bakur Tsiklauri-s, xan prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias saxeliT Semosuli besarion guguSvili, aseve erTob
saeWvoa, rom zviad gamsaxurdias ekuTvnodes.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №34, 2013
457
kvlav zviad gamsaxurdias kuTvnilebad miCneul
leqsebis gamo
rogorc Cvens mkiTxvelebs SevpirdiT („ganmaTavisuflebeli“

№34, gv.11,13), zviad gamsaxurdias kuTvnilebad miCneul leqsebze
(„Cemi Taoba“, „qristeSoba“ da „qvabavazaki“) kvleva gavagrZeleT
da am weriliT vasrulebT mas. kvlevis Sedegad ki dadginda, rom
leqsis – „Cemi Taoba“ – namdvili avtori gaxlavT l i r i k o s i
poeti petre petres Ze bagration-gruzinski (gardaicvala 1984
wels, dakrZalulia sveticxovlis taZarSi). Cven, sityva „ lir-
ikoss“, poet petre gruzinskis mimarT Segnebulad gavusviT xazi,
vinaidan batoni petres lirikuli leqsebisgan mkveTrad gansxvave-
buli „disidenturi“ suliskveTebis (da aseTi mas sul xuTiode
leqsi aqvs) am leqsSi igi mebrZol raindad da gulmxurvale pa-
triotad warmoCindeba. patriotuli suliskveTebis gaJRereba
gaxldaT misi xelnaweri Jurnali „anaTema“ (1944 w.), romelSic
poeti werda: „dRes bagrations aRar martyia mefe erekles pir-
basri xmali...“ rogorc mogexsenebaT, batoni petre saqarTvelos
ukanaskneli mefis giorgi XII pirdapiri STamomavali gaxldaT.
represirebuli petre gruzinskis patriotuli leqsebi sabWo-
Ta periodis cenzuris mier akrZaluli iyo da xalxSi xelnaweris
saxiT xelmouwerlad vrceldeboda. uTuod aman ganapiroba mogvi-
anebiT mis leqsze zviadis inicialebis gaCena mavani mkiTxvelis
mier. petre gruzinskis lirikaze Seqmnili simRerebi ki dResac
siamiT gvivsebs gulebs.
Cemda samarcxvinod CemTvis dRemde ar iyo cnobili 2009 wels
petre bagration-gruzinskis leqsebis sruli krebulis gamocemis
Sesaxeb. Cveni gazeTis uxucesma mkiTxvelma, 93 wlis qalbatonma
Tina TuaSvilma damireka da mamcno, rom leqsi „Cemi Taoba“ pe-
tre gruzinskis axal gamocemaSi pirvel leqsad aris Setanilio.
me maSinve vewvie mas, romelmac garkveuli droiT maTxova es ak-
ademiuri gamocema (gamocema ekuTvnis giorgi leoniZis litera-
turis saxelmwifo muzeums). am sqeltanian wignSi sadavo leqsi
„Cemi Taoba“ (romelic adre elizbar javeliZis redaqtorobiT
458
gamomaval gazeT „aisSic“ mcdarad daibeWda, rogorc zviad gam-
saxurdias leqsi) , Tumca usaTaurod, magram marTlac pirvel
leqsad aRmoCnda Setanili da Tanac leqsis sruli versiiTa da
daweris TariRis miTiTebiTac – 1948 weli, risi gacnobisTvisac
did madlobas vuxdi qalbaton Tina TuaSvils.
maSasadame, am wignis mixedviT dasturdeba, rom leqsi „Cemi Tao-
ba“ ekuTvnis poetsa da Teatris reJisors petre bagration-gruz-
inskis.
leqs „qristeSobasTan“ dakavSirebiT ki, 9 Tebervals, mokle
werilis TandarTviT, Facebook-ze gazeTis linki gavugzavne Cems
mier am leqsis savaraudo avtorad Seracxul cotne gamsaxurdias,
magram man werilze pasuxs dumili amjobina. anu, arc daadastura
da arc uaryo Cemi varaudi (ix. misdami miweris teqsti).
(saubari daiwyo 7 Tebervalis)


Tsotne Gamsakhurdia
22:43
Leila Tsomaia
gamarjobaT cotne, gTxovT yuradRebiT gaec-
noT me-11 gverdze ganTavsebul masalas da amasTa-
nave gTxovT, Tqvens piruTvnel pasuxs sagazeTod.
http://iberiana2.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/n34.pdf
minda bodiSis moxdiT ganvacxado, rom vinaidan me fors-ma-

Jorul viTarebaSi aRmovCndi mkvlevaris ampluaSi, Cems wina po-
lemikaSi dro ar meyo meti wyaroebis mosaZieblad, rac yvelaze
metad daetyo leqsebs „Cemi Taoba“ da „qvabavazaki“ . es ukanask-
neli leqsi („qvabavazaki“) irine taliaSvils 2000 wels daubeWdavs
Tavisi redaqtorobiT gamomaval JurnalSi „kardu“, rogorc zviad
gamsaxurdias mier 80-ian wlebSi dawerili leqsi (ix. „kardu“ N2,
gv.24).
zemoxsenebuli leqsi, ufro uadres ki Setanili aqvs konstan-
tine gamsaxurdias (umcrosi) Tavis 1997 wels gamocemul wignSi
459
(romelic wakiTxuli mqonda, magram ar maxsovda) „dinebis sawi-
naaRmdegod“ (gv. 50-52) da masve, Tavisi simamris jondo bardavel-
iZis meSveobiT gadaucia dasabeWdad Jurnal „kardusTvis“. Tavad
konstantine im droisaTvis iZulebiT emigraciaSi – SveicariaSi
imyofeboda (dabrunda 2003 wels).
batoni konstantines TqmiT, leqsi „qvabavazaki“ namdvilad
zviad gamsaxurdias ekuTvnis da mas zviadis xelnawer original-
Si aqvs nanaxi da wakiTxuli, magram leqsi, aramc da aramc ar
asaxavs amJamindeli patriarqis ilia II-is periodis eklesiis mame-
bis mdgomareobas (SegaxsenebT, rom ilia II kaTolikos patriarqad
aRsaydreba moxda 1977 wels), aramed dawerilia, ufro adre, 1973
wlamde da konkretulad amxels gaioz (biZina) keratiSvilsa da
misi tipis samRvdelo pirebs kaTolikos-patriarqis efrem II da
daviT V (devdariani) periodisas. ase, rom mcdaria irina taliaS-
vilis winaTqma leqsis daweris TariRisa.
Sesaxseneblad mkiTxvels am aT kupletiani leqsidan, vTava-
zobT, erT sawyis kuplets:
ìs winaparTa siwmindes bilwavs

da aris sukis erTguli ZaRli,
eklesiisas aferxebs winsvlas,
sarwmunoebis mteria axlis...~
konstantinesave TqmiT, zviadi am leqss aranair mxatvrul Ri-

rebulebas ar aniWebda, rac uTuod gaxda mizezi, rom avtorma igi
ar Seitana 1989 wels gamocemul Tavis leqsebis krebulSi „mTva-
ris niSnoba“.
am weriliT me amovwure kvleva sadavo leqsebisa da Tu vin-
mes gauCndeba survili argumentirebuli polemikisa, siamovnebiT
davuTmob gazeTis gverdebs.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №35, 2013
460
„Rirsebis sasamarTlos“ video –
zviadis mowinaaRmdegeTa uRirsobis demonstrireba
sabWoTa totalitaluri sistemis pirmSo disidentma zaqaria

laSqaraSvilma, video, saxelwodebiT „Rirsebis sasamarTlo“, mim-
dinare – 2015 wlis 15 marts, youtube-ze sruli versiiT ganaTavsa.
laSqaraSvili, romelsac dRemde ar ganelebia zviad gamsaxur-
diasadmi mtroba da siZulvili, am qmedebiT, Tavis mxriv uTuod
Seecada moaxloebuli istoriuli TariRebis – 31 martisa da 26
maisis daCrdilvas, Tumca man mxolod TviTlustrireba moaxdina
post-sabWouri sazogadoebis TvalSi.
ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis Jurnal „iveriis“ 1988 wlis me-8 no-
merSi gamoqveynda anonimuri paskvili zviadis winaaRmdeg 1978 wlis
sasamarTlo procesze misi taqtikuri ukandaxevis („monaniebis“)
Sesaxeb da sasamarTlo procesis falsificirebuli versia „niu-
iork taimsis“ korespondentebis paiperisa da uitnisa. xsenebul-
ma ucxoelma Jurnalistebma, zviad gamsaxurdias e.w. monaniebis
Sesaxeb, TavianT presaSi daweres simarTle, rom gamsaxurdias ar
mounanieba Tavisi ZiriTadi saqmianoba da rom sasamarTlo pro-
cesze politpatimar zviad gamsaxurdias gamosvlis Semoklebuli
video-Canaweri iyo sabWoTa televiziis fabrikacia. am statis gamo,
ucxoel korespondentebs, uCivla ruseTis centralurma televi-
ziam da moskovis sasamarTlom maT daakisra, maTive gazeTSi uar-
eyoT ruseTis centraluri televiziisadmi wayenebuli maTmieri
braldeba. amasTanave, TiToeul maTgans, sasamarTloze dauswreb-
lad daakisres Tanabari fuladi jarimebi sabWoTa maneTebiT 1144
rubli da 54 kapiki ruseTis televiziis sasargeblod.
il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebam, TavianTi Jurnalis amave nomerSi
eWqveS daayena merab kostavas gancxadebebic (rusul TviTgamoce-
ma „glasnostSi“, qarTul TviTgamocema „matianeSi“ da bonerisad-
mi gagzavnil werilSic) zviad gamsaxurdias „monaniebis“ Sesaxeb
da undobloba gamoucxada merabis gancxadebis teqsts. ilia Wav-
WavaZis sazogadoeba zviad gamsaxurdias „monaniebas“ warmoaCenda
SevardnaZisa da uSiSroebis komitetis gamarjvebad da zviad gam-
461
saxurdias samarcxvino kompromisad. zviad gamsaxurdias taqtikur
„monaniebas“ ki, realurad mohyva Tavad sabWoTa xelisuflebis
iZulebiT kompromisebi, rasac ganmartavda da CamoTvlida merabi
Tavis gancxadebebSi. es iyo: eklesiis SedarebiTi liberalizacia
(uSiSroebis marwuxebisagan), aTeisturi propagandis Sedegad
warTmeuli religiuri uflebebis dabruneba studenti-axalgazr-
debisaTvis da komkavSiruli reidebis Sewyveta eklesiebSi, Zegl-
Ta dacvis sistemis mkveTri gaaqtiureba-gafarToeba da axalgazr-
debis CarTva kulturis ZeglTa movla-patronobaSi, rusifikaciis
politikis SeCereba yvela saswavlo da aRmzrdelobiT (baga-baRe-
bi) dawesebulebaSi. am ukanasknelma moTxovnam, 14 aprilis demon-
straciasTan erTad, mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula qarTuli enis
saxelmwifo enad gamocxadebis sakiTxSi.
rCeboda STabeWdileba, rom zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kos-
tavas winaaRmdeg far-xmal dayrilma sabWoTa xelisuflebam, taqti-
ka Secvala da es funqcia, maT mier registrirebul ilia WaWavaZis
sazogadoebas gadaabara. xsenebulma sazogadoebam, analogiuri ci-
lismwamebluri meTodebiT, gaagrZela organizebuli brZola zviadis
winaaRmdeg. es brZola gascda saqarTvelos farglebs da emigrantul
gamocemebSi da radio „Tavisuflebis“ eTeridanac ismoda z. laSqa-
raSvilis, j. kaSias, r. klimiaSvilis, Zmebi gudavebisa da salome
zurabiSvilis gamosvlebiT. s. zurabiSvilma, 1992 wlis 7 ianvars ase
Seafasa samxedro gadatrialeba: „zviad gamsaxurdia, rogorc diq-
tatori, daamxo demokratiulma Zalebma. amisTvis Tengiz kitovans,
Tengiz siguas, jaba ioselians da mTel opozicias – didi madloba“.
saqarTvelos Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobisaTvis moR-
vawe yofilma politpatimarma disidentebma, sul mTlad daiviwyes
saxelmwifo da erovnuli interesebi da mTeli SegnebiT gaaCaRes
brZola zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg. Sedegad, zviadi or mZlavr
da ulmobel urCxuls Soris aRmoCnda – totalitaruli saxelm-
wifo manqanisa da mosisxle mtradqceul yofili TanamebrZolebis
saxiT...
„Rirsebis sasamarTlos“ (rogorc zviadma uwoda), zviadis mxa-
ris warmomadgenlad, unda davswrebodi mec, magram Cemda samwux-
arod da moulodnelad, swored im dRes, gaurkveveli mizeziT
moviwamle samsaxurSi (Tsu) da erTi dRiT dedaqalaqis pirvel
(aramiancis) saavadmyofoSi aRmovCndi. zviads hgonebia, rom mec
462
Tavi avaride am sasamarTloze misvlas, gvian mosula Cems maSin-
del `naxalovkis~ sacxovrisSi da gamWirvale patara qaRaldze
ramdenimesityviani werili gauCria karSi, romelSic aRSfoTebas
gamoxatavda zaqaria laSqaraSvilis umadurobis gamo. werils am
dromde arqivSi vinaxavdi, magram Cemda gasakvirvad sami Tvis win
gaqra arqividan; am werilis Sesaxeb ramdenime momsvlelma icoda
da zogierTs vanaxe kidec. vimedovneb, rom werili mxolod droe-
biT miefara Tvals da mas Cemi arqivis foliantebSi aucileblad
aRmovaCen. werilis dakargviT gamowveuli myisieri mwuxareba ki
odnav Semimsubuqa, miviwyebulma, zurab WavWavaZis „telegramam“,
romelsac arqivis qeqvisas wavawydi, magram amaze qvemoT...
zviad gamsaxurdias didi wvlili miuZRvis zaqaria laSqaraSvil-
isa da boris kakubavas politpatimrad aRiarebisa da dacvis sakiTx-
ebSi saerTaSoriso uflebaTdacviT samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo
organizaciebSi, rasac isini ar uaryofen, Tumca amas xeli sulac
ar SeuSlia maTTvis zviadis mimarT mtrobasa da qilikSi. soxumis
xorc-kombinatis TanamSromeli boris kakubava, Roris xorcis didi
raodenobiT qurdoba-datacebisaTvis daapatimra sabWoTa xelisu-
flebam da am sircxvilis Camosarecxad, kakubavam, cixidan poli-
tikuri gancxadebebis gakeTeba daiwyo, riTac zviad gamsaxurdias
yuradReba da mzrunveloba daimsaxura. xolo – taqsisti da kuli-
nari laSqaraSvili, kakubavasaviT sruliad ucnobi gaxldaT zviad
gamsaxurdiasaTvis, magram man mondomeba da mzrunveloba ar daaklo
politikuri motiviT dapatimrebul (1983 w. 13 ivlisi, gaTavisufl-
da 1987 w.) axalgazrdas. cxadia, maT ar eyoT aRzrda, kultura da
ganaTleba daeZliaT gaCenili gandidebis mania, ambiciebi da ganesaz-
RvraT TavianTi adgili erovnul moZraobaSi.
maniakaluri ambiciebi politepidemiad moedo mTel maSindel
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas da Sepyrobilis sindro-
miT daasnebovna politikuri liderebi, rac pirdapir Tu iribad
provocirebuli iyo sabWoTa Zalovani struqturebis ideur-pro-
pagandistuli manqanis mier, raTa daenawevrebina da sulac Cana-
saxSive Caekla erovnuli moZraoba. erTaderTi, vinc am safrTxes
mTeli guliT da gonebiT Wvretda, merab kostava iyo, romelic
werilobiT Tu sityvieri deklarirebiT, erovnul-ganmaTavisu-
flebeli moZraobis sworupovar liderad mxolod zviad gamsax-
urdias aRiarebda.
463
merab kostavam, TavisTavze aiRo mamuliSviluri misia, erovnu-
li moZraobis gaerTianeba-gamTlianebis; ilia WavWavaZis sazo-
gadoebas (Seiqmna 1987 wlis 31 oqtombers), romelic pirveli
legaluri organizacia gaxldaT, TiTqos unda moecva mTeli
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba da erTian monoliTur
politikur Zalad qceuliyo; imdroindeli sabWoTa xelisuflebis
mier politikur kart-blanS micemuli es organizacia, xelisu-
flebisave dakveTiT amoqmedda, amuSavda programa „yvelas minus
erTi!“ da is erTi zviad gamsaxurdia gaxldaT!
1986 wlidan me gaxldiT helsinkis kavSiris arafiqsirebuli
wevri Tavad zviad gamsaxurdias mier SemoTavazebuli konspiraci-
uli gegmiT, raTa met-naklebad daculi vyofiliyavi represiebi-
sagan. zviad gamsaxurdia swored am wels (1986 w.) damiaxlovda mas
Semdeg, rac yvela sabWoTa rekviziti xmaurianad mivayare sabWoTa
xelisuflebas mweralTa kavSirsa da Tsu-Si da Cems moqmedebebSi
viyavi sruliad damoukidebeli da marto.
ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis Zalisxmeva, misi Seqmnis dRidan
umTavresad mimarTuli iyo merab kostavas zviad gamsaxurdiasa-
gan Camocilebisaken. am strategiuli mizniT maT miaRwies merabis
dayoliebas il. WavWavaZis sazogadoebis gamgeobaSi Sesvlaze. mec
SemomTavazes sazogadoebis wevroba (guram mamuliam, ciala ar-
daSeliam), razec uari ganvucxade. mogvianebiT, merabmac Semom-
Tavaza Sevsuliyavi WavWavaZis sazogadoebaSi. „Tu zviadi iqneba
gamgeobaSi, mec Semoval-meTqi“ da msubuqad vusayvedure zviadis
gareSe gamgeobaSi misi Sesvlis gamo. merabma mipasuxa, rom swored
magisTvis mWirdebi sazogadoebaSi, raTa erToblivad SevZloT
maTi daTanxmeba zviadis gamgeobaSi Seyvanazeo;
aTwliani patimrobidan axalgaTavisuflebul merabs, cxadia ar
hqonda srulyofili warmodgena Tamar CxeiZesa da mis jgufze.
ufro gvian ki, rogorRac piradi grZnobebic gaCnda merabsa da
Tamar CxeiZes Soris...
Tamar CxeiZem da zurab WavWavaZem miaRwies afxazeTis
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis warmomadgenelTa kon-
solidacia-Semomtkicebas maT irgvliv da daafuZnes kidec ilia
WavWavaZis adgilobriv sazogadoeba nugzar mgalobliSvilis, vova
vekuas, Temur lorTqifaniZis, joni latarias, boris kakubavasa da
sxvaTa SemadgenlobiT. maTTan gaerTianebaze uari ganacxada mxo-
464
lod erTma disidentma da yofilma politpatimarma afxazeTidan
arkadi markoziam, romelic 1990 wlis 28 oqtombris arCevnebiT
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias uzenaesi sabWos deputatic gaxda
da xuntistebma mokles uzenaesi sabWos Senobis win 1991 wlis 23
dekembers.
nugzar mgalobliSvilisa da vova vekuas Tamar CxeiZiseul
WavWavaZis sazogadoebaSi Sesvla merab kostavas am sazogadoebaSi
yofnis faqtoriT iqna ganpirobebuli. Tumca, nugzar mgalobliS-
vilma am sazogadoebidan aucilebeli gasvlis gadawyvetileba ma-
leve miiRo da amis Sesaxeb 1989 wlis maisSi moaxsena merabs da
mizezebic ganumarta.
vova vekuac, merab kostavas mkvlelobis Semdgom, aucileblad
datovebda am sazogadoebas da igic zviadis gverdiT dadgeboda
Tavisi Sinagani siwrfelis, patiosnebisa da gulmxurvale patri-
otizmis niSniT, magram vova vekua mokles 1989 wlis 15 ivliss
blagvi iaraRis CartymiT afsua separatistebis pirveli Sei-
araRebuli dapirispirebis dros. dRemde guls miRrRnis eWvi, rom
vovas mkvleloba, SeiZleba sulac ar iyo am konfliqtis Sedegi,
aramed iyo SesaZlebloba...
nugzar mgalobliSvilis sruli da obieqturi SefasebisaTvis
ki Cvens mkiTxvelebs vTxov xelaxla waikiTxon misi statia „de-
santi“ umaRles sabWoSi“ Cvens gazeTSi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, N31,
aprili, 2012 wlis. es, aw ukve saWiro da aucilebelze aucilebe-
lia, gavrcelebuli da gaxmaurebuli videos „Rirsebis sasamarT-
los“, post-periodis, qronologiuri gaanalizebisaTvis, agreTve,
video-kadrebiT warmoqmnili afeqturi Sexedulebebis daZlevaSi
mgalobliSvilis mimarT, razec Tavad gulwrfelad wuxs.
ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis mTeli gamgeoba: Tamar CxeiZe, zu-
rab WavWavaZe, guram mamulia, vaxtang ZabiraZe, jumber kopaliani,
boris kakubava, dima jaiani, ciala ardaSelia... gadauWarbeblad
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom dageSilni da siZulviliT aRZrulni iyvnen
zviadis Sesamusrad. maTi amgvari ugono sicofe, sabolood, Sei-
araRebuli gadatrialebis medroSeobis motivaciadac iqca, Tumca
es, mxolod, merabis fizikuri likvidaciis Semdgom gaxda SesaZle-
beli.
merabis mondomebam da wadilma, zviadis liderobiT gaeerTiane-
bina erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba, nayofi ver gamoiRo
465
da merabma datova ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoeba, magram Tamar Cxe-
iZe ar Tmobda merabs da misi aqtivobiT, maT Soris grZeldeboda
pirovnuli urTierTobebi. am pirovnuli urTierTobebis gavleniT
merabi ar aRmoCnda im zemoxsenebul gaxmaurebul „Rirsebis sa-
samarTloze“ 1989 wlis 9 ianvars zviadis gverdiT. am pirovnuli
urTierTobis gavleniT, zviadisagan farulad gaemgzavra merabi,
Tamar CxeiZesa da zurab WavWavaZesTan erTad, avtomanqaniT quTais-
Si 1989 wlis 13 oqtombers, rasac misi tragikulad daRupva mohyva.
zviadi, rogorc brZeni da Sorsm-
Wvreteli politikosi, rogorc
mogvianebiT davrwmundi, fiqrobda
movlenebis amgvar SesaZlo ganvi-
Tarebazec da merabis patimrobidan
gaTavisuflebisTanave, daiwyo zrun-
va merabis xelaxal daojaxebaze.
zviadi ramdenjerme seriozulad da
sagangebod damelaparaka am sakiTx-
ze. TavisTavad merabmac mouxSira
vizitebs CemTan politikis gareSe.
RmerTs Sendobas vTxov, Tu raime
uneblie, gauazrebeli wvlili midevs
merabis bedis tragikulad warmarT-
vaSi. merabis cxedarTan ki zviadma,
mwuxarebiT gajerebeli xmiT, swored
es misayvedura...
`Rirsebis sasamarTlos“ erTi video-kadri, romelSic zurab
WavWavaZes zviadi kgb-s agentobaSi amxels, xolo gia Wanturia
mas tyviiT Sublis gaxvretiT emuqreba, 1989 wlis 26 Tebervals
uCvena saqarTvelos saxelmwifo televiziam (arasruli versia),
rasac umal z. WavWavaZis protesti mohyva da man, meore dResve
sasarCelo gancxadeba Seitana orjonikiZis raionis saxalxo sa-
samarTloSi, amasTanave, depeSa gaugzavna mixeil gorebaCovsac
(qvemoT ixileT orive dokumentis teqsti). es is dokumentia, ro-
melsac me Cems arqivSi wavawydi da romelic zemoT vaxsene. xolo
dokumenti ki Tavad zurab WavWavaZem gadmomca xelSi universi-
tetSi gasavrceleblad (ixileT qvemoT).
466
467
z. WavWavaZe gorbaCovs Txovs pirad Carevas saqarTvelos tele-
viziis mier `Rirsebis sasamarTlos~ kadrebis Cvenebebis Sewyveta-
Si, rogorc mis mimarT wamowyebul cilismwamebluri kampaniisa.
zurab WavWavaZe Tavis am zemoxsenebul gancxadebebSi fari-
sevlurad kvirvobs, Tu saidan Cauvarda xelSi televizias „Rirse-
bis sasamarTlos“ video. „Rirsebis sasamarTlos“ iRebda ori vid-
eo-kamera, erTiT goga xaindrava (feradi kadriT), xolo meoreTi
(Sav-TeTri kadriT) ucnobi pirovneba. Tu saidan unda yofiliyo
is ucnobi da TviT goga xaindravac mivlenili am mravalricxovan
skandalur Sekrebaze, Zneli misaxvedri ar unda yofiliyo...
zaqaria laSqaraSvilis blogze – http://zakaria-lachkarachvili.blog-
spot.gr/p/blog-page.html – „Rirsebis sasamarTlos“ garda devs sxva
momdevno audio – satelefono Canawerebic zurab WavWavaZisa da
z. laSqaraSvilis saubrebisa, saidanac vlindeba z.WavWavaZisa da
laSqaraSvilis mZulvare, organizebuli brZola zviadis winaaRm-
deg. agreTve, WavWavaZis Tavmowoneba „sasamarTlo“ procesis saku-
Tari video-kameriT gadaRebisa da dokumenturad fiqsaciis gamo
(ix.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74xmZdQ6cCM).
zurab WavWavaZe, laSqaraSv-
ilTan, am satelefono saubarSi
zviad gamsaxurdias moixseniebs:
„wruwunad“, „myral“ da „binZur“
pirovnebad da ambobs, rom
„Rirsebis sasamarTlo“ TviTon
daarqva zviadma, Torem Cven
saqmis garCevas vuwyobT zviad-
so. am „Rirsebis sasamarTloze“
zviad gamsaxurdias, disiden-
tebis garda, emxrobodnen akaki baqraZe, nodar wuleiskiri, guram
gegeSiZe da moskovidan, TviT z. WavWavaZis mier specialurad Cam-
oyvanili „glasnostis“ korespondenti kirile popovic, romelic
ramdenimejer Cndeba video-kadrSi.
zaqaria laSqaraSvilis blogzeve devs merab kostavas colyo-
filis rusudan beriZis werilic, romelic warmoadgens mxilebasa
da kompromants Tavad laSqaraSvilisa. vir-eSmaka laSqaraSvil-
ma ki, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom qvemoT dabeWdili werili ver
daimaleboda, „obieqturobisa da demokratobis“ niRbiT Tavadve
468
dado Tavis blogze, oRond gamabaTilebeli komentariT, rom
TiTqos rusudan beriZes werili zviadma daawerina „daSinebiTa da
muqariT“. zviadis mowinaaRmdege rusudan beriZes, dRemde arsad
ganucxadebia am werilis iZulebiTi Sesaxeb (ix. werili qvemoT):
usiamovno viziti
1988 wlis Semodgomaze damireka megobarma qalma (gvars ar

vasaxeleb, radgan is gaugebrobis msxverpli gaxda da Tavisdaune-
burad aRmoCnda arasasiamovno situaciaSi). man mTxova, stumrad
mimeRo misi nacnobi,romelsac didi survili qonda, gacnoboda
merab kostavas meuRles da irakli kostavas dedas, me davTanxmdi.
daTqmul dros Cem ojaxSi movida joni laSqaraSvili Cem megobar
qalTan erTad. am dros CemTan stumrad iyvnen Cemi megobrebi da
axloblebi qeTevan beriZe, nato gabisonia da mira megedi. aRmoCn-
da, rom joni laSqaraSvili yofili politikuri patimaria,rome-
lic midis safrangeTSi, rom iq gaagrZelos saqarTvelos damou-
kideblobisTvis brZola (rogorc TviTon agvixsna). me Zalian ar
miyvars adamianebi, romlebic mZime dReSi myof samSoblos toveben
(erTxel roca merab kostavas cimbirSi vkiTxe, daTanxmdebi Tu ara
sazRvargareT rom waxvide, xom xedav aqedan arasodes gaganTavi-
sufleben-meTqi, man mipasuxa Tu erTi Sansi aris saqarTveloSi
dabrunebis, me kidev didxans davrCebi sapatimroSio). me da Cem-
ma megobarma vagrZnobineT joni laSqaraSvils, rom miuReblad
migvaCnia misi nabiji. amis Semdeg man mTxova,ramdenime wuTs marto
davrCeniliyaviT. Cemi bina standartuli patara binaa me aRelve-
buli sakmaod xmamaRla vlaparakobdi, amitom samzareuloSi gasu-
li Cemi megobrebi uneburad ismendnen Cvens saubars.
joni laSqaraSvilma moindoma Cemgan zviad gamsaxurdias da
merab kostavas makomprometirebeli informaciis miReba(gansa-
kuTrebiT zviadis Sesaxeb), etyoba, CaTvala, radgan me da mera-
bi daZabul urTierTobaSi viyaviT erTmaneTTan, me da zviadi ki
ubrad, amitom safrangeTSi gamgzavrebis win Cemgan SeiZleboda
sasurveli Savi informaciis miReba. Cems aRSfoTebas sazRvari ar
qonda. jer erTi, Cems Tvalwin gaiara zviadis da merabis saoc-
ari megobrobis wlebma, Cem Tvalwin Camoyalibdnen isini rogorc
469
qarTuli erovnuli moZraobis aRiarebuli winamZRolebi. Tan aR-
maSfoTebeli iyo, rom es kaci, romelic Sav da bnel momentebs
eZebda zviadis da merabis cxovrebaSi,merabis megobrad asaRebda
Tavs. Tan moiTxovda Cemgan imis dadasturebas, rom zviadi da mer-
abi uRirsi da paTologiuri adamianebi arian.
joni laSqaraSvili me mkacrad daviTxove Cemi saxlidan da vu-
sayvedure Cem megobar qals, aseTi kaci Cem saxlSi rogor moiy-
vane-meTqi. misTvisac sruliad moulodneli aRmoCnda joni laSqa-
raSvilis stumrobis mizezi da Zalian Sewuxda.
marTali giTxraT, am usiamovno SemTxvevis Semdeg miWirs davi-

jero, rom adamians saqarTvelosTvis Sestkiva guli.
rusudan beriZe, 8.03.90
rusudan beriZis monaTxrobs vadasturebT:

qeTevan beriZe (biologiur mecnierebaTa doqtori)
nato gabisonia (kulturis saministros meTodisti)
mira megedi (fiziologiis institutis mecnier-TanamSromeli)
politikuri ambiciebiT Sepyrobili zaqaria (joni) laSqaraS-

vili imedovnebda, rom zviad gamsaxurdias mokvdinebis Semdgom
mainc SesZlebda saqarTveloSi erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZ-
raobis erTpirovnul liderad qcevas, anu zviad gamsaxurdiaze
Canacvlebas. am imediT man, 1995 wlis saprezidento arCevnebSi,
monawileobis gadawyvetilebac ki miiRo, risTvisac gamoaqveyna sa-
prezidento programa, magram darwmunda ra rom SevardnaZes ver
daupirispirdeboda, aRar iaqtiura.
2011 wlis TebervalSi, laSqaraSvili, safrangeTidan – „mimarT-
va qarTvel ers“ – werda:
„mogiwodebT aiZuloT opoziciuri partiebi, SeaCeron fun-
qcionireba an sabolood dastovon politikuri asparezi. qarTvel
ers amis miRweva SegiZliaT opoziciuri partiebis mier dagegmili
saprotesto aqciebis boikotirebiT, rac amasTanave gamoiwvevs am
perspeqtivadakarguli opoziciuri partiebisTvis Semowirulebebis
Sewyvetas da amiT maTi funqcionirebis SeCerebas“.
laSqaraSvili Tvlis, „rom saqarTveloSi jer ar Catarebula
samarTliani arCevnebi, rac saxelmwifoebrivobasTanaa dakavSire-
470
buli... arc pirveli (?! – l. c.) arc meore da arc mesame da arc
arcerTi!“ da Tavisi sityvisaTvis politikuri wonis misacemad
wers: „sabWoTa xelisuflebam moqalaqeoba CamomarTva da qveynidan
gamaZeva“, rac sruli sicrue da siyalbea. amas adasturebs rusu-
dan beriZis zemoT gamoqveynebuli werili da levan beZeniSvilis
werilic laSqaraSvilze, romelic mas Rirseul politpatimrad
aRiarebs, xolo emigraciaSi laSqaraSvilis wasvlis mizezs ki amg-
varad xsnis: „... gaTavisuflebis Semdeg erovnul moZraobaSi Tav-
isi Tavi ver ipova (sityviT xom radikali da revolucioneri iyo
da TanamoZmeebis povna marTla gauWirda). amas daerTo materialu-
ri gasaWiri, mudmivi usaxsroba da joni laSqaraSvili emigraciaSi
wavida. parizSi damkvidrda da iqauri qarTvelebis daxmarebiT ra-
dio `Tavisuflebisgan~ raRac groSebs iRebda reportaJebisTvis“.
berZeniSvilis es werilic, laSqaraSvils sakuTar blogze udevs!
laSqaraSvilis Tanasaknel, levan berZeniSvilis, amave weril-
idan vgebulobT, rom patimrobis zonaSi „jonis Seuyvarda yvela
patimris klasobrivi mteri, qalbatoni ganiCenko – cenzori... ar
vici, ras fiqrobda ganiCenko, roca asi kacis civi zizRiT savse
gamoxedvis fonze, erTi kacis Seyvarebul mzeras xedavda, magram
politikuri banaki wuxda, patimrebi ver ijerebdnen, rom siyvaru-
li klasobriv siZulvils amarcxebda...“
diax,Tu rogor xdeboda sapatimros cenzorebTan urTierTo-
bis Camoyalibeba da siyvarulis warmoSoba, amisTvis patimradyo-
filobis gamocdileba sulac ar aris aucilebeli, aramed sruli-
ad advili misaxvedria gonierTaTvis...
zaqaria (joni) laSqaraSvili 2013 wlis noemberSi Camovida
saqarTveloSi politikuri aqtivobisa da saarCevno procesebSi
CasarTvelad, risTvisac igi mcire jgufs Sexvda, xolo yofilma
TanamebrZolebma ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebidan, aRar isurves
masTan Sexvedrac ki!
laSqaraSvilis blogzeve devs uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris
zviad gamsaxurdias 1991 wlis 2 Tebervlis preskonferenciis fo-
to-montaJi, romelSic Tavidan bolomde gayalbebulia xsenebuli
preskonferenciis Sinaarsi. preskomferencias SeZenili aqvs iste-
riuli toni, xolo radio „Tavisuflebis“ antiqarTul-antisaxel-
mwifoebrivi saqmianobis Semoqmed jguf janri kaSiasa da ramaz
klimiaSvilTan, TviTneburad, Camatebulia laSqaraSvilis gvaric,
maSin roca, realurad, zviad gamsaxurdias am preskonferenciaze
471
saerTod ar uxsenebia laSqaraSvili. amas mowmobs zemoxsenebu-
li preskonferenciis beWduri versiac 1995 wlis dokumenturi
krebulisa saxelwodebiT „1991 wlis ocdaori Sexvedra zviad gam-
saxurdiasTan“, (gv. 3) da saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli bib-
lioTekis „saqarTvelos saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebis oficialu-
ri dokumentebi da interviuebi“, tomi I, zviad gamsaxurdia, 2013
wlis gamocema, gv. 142.
erTad vnaxoT zviad gamsaxurdias 1991 wlis 2 Tebervlis pre-
skonferenciis gayalbebuli versia, preskonferenciis meore nawilSi:
4722
„Savlegos“ saxeliT, laSqaraSvils wamoRebuli aqvs internet
saitidan „simarTle“, xolo es blogi ekuTvnis fineTSi emigrire-
bul premier-ministr besarion guguSvils. Cven davinteresdiT, Tu
ratom gaayalba „Savlegom“ zviadis preskonferencia. pirad mimow-
eraSi „Savlego“ – gia janeliZem damidastura, rom 2 Tebervlis
fotodokumenti ekuTvnis mas, magram mas ar gauyalbebia, aramed sx-
visi saitidan wamoiRo am saxiT, xolo Tu visi saitidan, ar gaTqva!
ase iyo zviad gamsaxurdia aSkara da farul mtrebs Soris
moqceuli, ramac sabolood gaxada SesaZlebeli misi xelisu-
flebis samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebiT damxobac da Tavad
prezidentis mowamoebrivi likvidaciac!
ucxoeTSi dabanakebuli kolaboracionisti laSqaraSvilebi da gu-
guSvilebi ki kvlav saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi aRzevebas lamoben!
leila comaia
8 maisi, 2015 weli.
Temis gagrZeleba „Rirsebis sasamarTloze“. ixileT nugzar
mgalobliSvilis werili
„gikvirs?! – nu gikvirs!“
ocdaeqvsi weli miilia mas Semdeg, rac „Rirsebis sasamarTlos“
video Canaweri Seiqmna (1989 wlis 9 ianvari) da wels, 2015 wlis 15
marts ganTavsda youtube – ze. aRsaniSnavia, rom pirvelad amave sa-
samarTlos video Canaweris fragmenti, gavrcelebuli suk–is mier,
1989 wlis ianvris pirvel naxevarSive vixileT saqarTvelos tele-
viziiT. Tu im totalitaruli reJimis dros es qmedeba erovnuli
moZraobis diskreditacias isaxavda miznad, dRes, 26 wlis Semdeg
namdvilad gaugebaria da bunebrivad aCens mraval kiTxvas, risT-
vis, ra mizans emsaxureba am video-firis gavrceleba? iqneb imisT-
vis dasWirda zaqaria laSqaraSvils am videomasalis gamomzeureba,
rom dRemde awuxebs prezidentobis ambicia? an, iqneb, 31 martis
referendumis Sedegebi aRizianebs da am istoriuli TariRis
gadafarvas lamobs? gamosaricxi arc is aris, rom krizisSi myo-
fi dRevandeli xelisuflebis dardi ar asvenebs laSqaraSvils da
yuradRebis gadatanis mizniT gaavrcela es video, ar vici! Tumca,
is ki vici, rom 1989 wels suk-is mier erovnuli moZraobis „ga-
saSaveblad“ televiziiT gavrcelebuli e. w. sasamarTlos igive
Canaweri, oRond iqve momuSave meore kameriT gadaRebuli „ilia
WavWavaZis sazogadoebis“ mier, bumerangiviT miubrunda masve.
473
zaqaria laSqaraSvilisTvis namdvilad cnobili unda yofiliyo
im videos gadamRebisa da gamavrceleblis vinaoba. swored amitom,
uneblied cocxldeba xalxSi gavrcelebuli fraza: „Cekisti mas
Semdeg kvdeba, roca mis saflavze darguli muxis fesvi xmebao“.
1988-1989 wlebSi erovnul – ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba,
realurad saSiSi gaxda sabWoTa reJimisTvis, xolo zviad gamsax-
urdia ki mis mTavar mtrad moiazreboda. aqedan gamomdinare, xe-
lisuflebis mxridan, zviadi mudmiv meTvalyureobas da zewolas
ganicdida. vrceldeboda sxvadasxva Worebi, gansakuTrebulad ki
serbskis fsiqiatriul sakvlev-samecniero institutSi (КГБ-s baza)
Cawerili „monaniebis“ videomasalidan gamomdinare, romelic cen-
traluri televiziiT mTel ssrk-s moedo. amaze rusi disiden-
tebic wamoegnen da zviadi sayovelTao lanZRvis obieqti gaxda.
sinamdvileSi ki, araviTar monaniebas ar hqonia adgili da es
zviadma Tavisi Semdgomi brZoliT, xolo sabolood saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis mopovebiTa da TviTSewirviTac daamtkica. anu
im e.w. monaniebiT zviadma WkuiT ajoba da gaabiTura sabWoTa ka-
vSiris uZlieresi kgb (moiZieT video Canaweri youtube-ze).
miuxedavad amisa zviadze Tavdasxmebi mainc grZeldeboda.
swored aman ganapiroba is, rom merab kostavam da me gadavwyviteT
im e.w. monaniebis arsSi gagverkvia rusi disidentebi da zviadTan
SeTanxmebis Semdeg gadawyda Cemi Casvla moskovSi ludmila alekse-
evasTan. man Tbilad mimiRo, momismina da Sempirda, rom rusi disi-
dentebi, zviadis monaniebaze, amieridan aRar ilaparakebdnen. lud-
mila alekseevas, iuri orlovisa da sxva disidentebis ZalisxmeviT
danapirebi Sesrulda (Semdgomac, iuri orlovma, Tavis werilobiT
gancxadebaSi dadebiTad Seafasa zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTvelos
xelisuflebaSi mosvla da yofnac). samwuxarod, qarTveli disiden-
tebis nawilSi amis miRweva SeuZlebeli gaxda, miuxedavad merabis
mravaljeradi guliTadi da energiuli mcdelobisa.
swored aseT viTarebaSi moewyo sasamarTlo, video kamerebis
TanxlebiT, razec viRacam izruna, rogorc Semdgom davrwmundiT,
winaswar dagegmili samomavalo gavrcelebisa da dapirispirebis
gaRrmavebis mizniT.
amaze uTqvams muxran maWavarians: „gikvirs?! – nu gikvirs!“
nugzar mgalobliSvili
14 maisi, 2015 weli.
gazeTi `ganmaTavisuflebeli~ №45, 2015 w.
474
475
maRali pensiebi Sadimanebsa da berbiWaSvilebs?!
2012 wlis dekemberSi saqarTvelos parlamentSi damoukidebeli

saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisuflebis uzenaesi sabWos deputat
Tamaz yuraSvilis („saqarTvelos erovnul-qristianuli partiidan“
– partiis Tavmjdomare emzar goguaZe, televizia sazogadoebrivi
mauwyeblis sameurveo sabWos Tavmjdomare) iniciativiT Setanili
iqna ganacxadi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis
aqtze xelmomwer deputatebisaTvis, evropisa da post-sabWoTa
respublikebis magaliTze, pensiebis 2000 laramde daniSvnis Sesax-
eb kanonSi saTanado cvlilebis Setanis gziT. dRes moqmedi kano-
niT uzenaes sabWos deputatebs eZlevaT deputatebisaTvis saerTo
wesiT gansazRvruli pensia 550 laris odenobiT.
rasakvirvelia, aravin SeiZleba iyos winaaRmdegi uzenaesi
sabWos deputatebisaTvis pensiebis gazrdisa maTi gansakuTrebuli
wvlilis Sesabamisad saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukide-
blobis saqmeSi dafasebis mizniT.
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli mowvevis uzenaesi sabWos
deputatTa saerTo raodenoba gaxldaT 250. am raodenobidan dReis
mdgomareobiT ramdenime aTeuli deputati gardacvlilia. darCe-
nili raodenobidan, maT Soris ramdenime aTeuli gaxlavT is dep-
utatebi, romlebmac aqtiuri monawileoba miiRes damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis mTavrobis damxobaSi. agreTve,
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gandevnasa da misi mkvlelobis or-
ganizatorebTan TanamzraxvelobaSi (avTandil margiani, eldar
Sengelaia, vaJa adamia, akaki boboxiZe, aleqsandre kavsaZe, Tengiz
kitovani, akaki asaTiani da sxv.).
imperiuli ruseTis mier dafinansebulma da SeiaraRebulma
deputatebis am nawilma, Tavad dauSines tyviebi da qvemexebi axal-
fexadgmul damoukidebel saqarTvelos, xolo zogierTi maTgani
miemxro putCs, xuntas, ramac cxadhyo, rom „saqarTvelos saxelm-
wifoebrivi damoukideblobis aqtze“ maTi xelmowera iyo fiqtiu-
ri (fiqcia)! Sedegad, maT mier naRalatevi samSoblo – saqarTvelo
476
dRes teritoriulad daSlil-danawevrebuli, ekonomikurad ganad-
gurebulia da SimSiliTa da daavadebebiT suls Rafavs qarTveli
eri.
Cven SevecadeT mcire interviu mainc Cagvewera Tamaz yuraSv-
ilTan. uzenaesi sabWos am deputats Cven telefoniT davukavSir-
diT. batoni yuraSvili Zalzed gaaRiziana Cveni darekvis mizezma:
saidan gaigeT, rom aseTi gancxadebiT mivmarTeTo parlaments?
amgvari mkacri CakiTxvis Semdgom, Cveni satelefono saubari b-n
yuraSvilTan ver Sedga! xolo mis mier inicirebuli gancxadeba re-
agirebisaTvis miwerili aqvs deputat zviad ZiZigurs. Cven davin-
teresdiT ra stadiazea gancxadebis sakiTxi, risTvisac davrekeT
parlamentSi, sadac dagvidastures amgvari gancxadebis arsebobis
faqti da gangvimartes, rom uaxloes momavalSi misi ganxilva ar
igegmeba.
da, mainc, Cven gancxadebiT mivmarTed parlaments (ix. teqsti)
saqarTvelos parlaments
saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavmjdomaris moadgiles
b-n zviad ZiZigurs
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis rekomendacia uzenaesi
sabWos deputatis Tamaz yuraSvilis iniciativaze „saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aqtze“ xelmomwer deputa-
tebisaTvis pensiis 2000 laramde gazrdasTan dakavSirebiT
CvenTvis cnobili gaxda, rom 2012 wlis dekemberSi parla-
mentSi Semovida iniciativa uzenaesi sabWos deputatebisaTvis
evropisa da post-sabWoTa respublikebis magaliTze „saxelmwi-
foebrivi damoukideblobis aqtze“ xelmomwer deputatebisaT-
vis pensiis 2000 laramde gazrdis Sesaxeb.
vinaidan, saqarTvelos respublika warmoadgens im iSviaT ga-
monakliss, rodesac am qveynis deputatebis nawilma marjvenaTi
xeli moaweres saqarTvelos damoukideblobas, xolo marcxena
xeliT tyviebi dauSines maT mierve xelmoweril damoukideblo-
bas da xma misces da miesalmnen saqarTvelos sng-Si Sesvlas.
am winaaRmdegobrivi istoriidan gamomdinare, gTxovT
sakiTxis zogadad dadebiTad gadawyvetis SemTxvevaSi moaxdi-
noT amgvari deputatebis gamovlena da gamoricxvis meTodiT
maTi diferencireba aRniSnuli gadawyvetilebidan.
477
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, Tqven momavalSic waaxalisebT Ra-
latsa da SeTqmulebas qarTuli saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg da
qveyanaSi arasodes aRdgeba da damkvidrdeba samarTlianoba.
xolo amaSi pasuxcismgebloba dagekisrebaT Tqven!
partiis Tavmjdomare leila comaia

2013 wlis 5 dekemberi.
kvlav, uzenaesi sabWos deputatebisTvis, pensiis

gazrdasTan dakavSirebiT!
imis gamo, rom Zalian didi da negatiuri gamoxmaureba mohyva

prezident zviad gamsaxurdias uzenaesi sabWos damoukideblobis
aqtze xelmomweri deputatebis moTxovnas pensiis 3 000 laram-
de (pirveladi gancxadebiT, laris simyaris mixedviT, 2 000 lars
iTxovdnen) gazrdasTan dakavSirebiT, saWirod vTvli ganvacxado:
miuxedavad, mavanTa sayuradRebo argumentebisa, damoukide-
blobis aqtze xelmomwerebs, romlebsac ar uRalatiaT prezident
zviad gamsaxurdiasTvis, sruliad samarTliani ufleba aqvT moiTx-
ovon pensiebis gazrda, rameTu am deputatebmac gamoiares sastiki
represiebi, devna da SimSili, rac gvavaldebulebs pativiscemiT
movepyraT maT da ar avyveT kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis
mimarT arakeTilganwyobil Zalebs, romlebic dRemde ver gaTavi-
suflebulan SuRlis, mtrobisa da siZulvilisagan da SemTxvevebs
ar uSveben xelidan, rom ar gamoavlinon amgvari ukeTuri damok-
idebulebebi zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT.
amasTanave, mimaCnia, rom Sesabamisi maRali pensia, unda daeniSnos
uzenaesi sabWos damoukideblobis aqtze xelmomwer gardacvlil
(mokluli) deputatebis ojaxebsac. xolo kanonSi represirebulTa
Sesaxeb, unda Sevides cvlileba 90-iani wlebis represirebulTa da
maTi fuladi konpensaciis wesis gansazRvris Sesaxebac.
SegaxsenebT, rom am sakiTxs Cven mZafrad da vfiqrob aregumen-
tirebuladac gamovexmaureT 2013 wels Sesabamisi RonisZiebiTac
da gazeTiTac.
Tamaz meWiauris gancxadebiT, is am sakiTxis mxardaWeras
ar apirebs!
478
„parlaments ar aqvs ufleba inicirebuli kanonproeqti ar
ganixilos. pensiis momatebas iTxovs is, vinc damoukideblobis
aqts xeli moawera da erT mxares idga da isic, vinc gamsaxurdias
xelisufleba Camoagdo, sad aris amaSi logika. rusTaveli vinc
omSi gaxvia, isini axla 3000 larze met pensias iTxoven~ – acxa-
debs meWiauri.
sadeputato pensiis 3 000 laramde zrda miuRebelia ekono-
mikis eqspert soso arCvaZisTvisac. misi SefasebiT, pirveli
mowvevis uzenaesi sabWos deputatebis wvlili saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis gamocxadebaSi didia, magram yovel epoqaSi
Cveni saxelmwifos winaSe gamowvevebi dgas da ama Tu im depu-
tatebis ranJirebas Tu epoqebis mixedviT movaxdenT, swori ar
iqneba. misi SefasebiT, Tu zrdaa, maSin es yvelasTvis unda iyos.
„is rom maT damoukideblobis gamocxadebis aqts xeli moaw-
eres, amiT maTi saxelebi ukve ukvdavyofilia. paTetikaSi ar
CamiTvaloT, magram isini Tanamedrove qarTuli saxelmwifos
damfuZnebel mamebad SegviZlia movixsenioT. vinc xeli moaw-
era istoriuli pirovnebebi arian, maTgan bevri cocxali aRarc
aris, vinc cocxalia, dRegrZelobas vusurveb. miuxedavad ami-
sa, vTvli, rom pensiebis zrda yvelasTvis erTnairad unda mox-
des~ – acxadebs arCvaZe.
pensiis 3 000 laramde zrdis momxrea ekonomikis eqsperti
emzar jgerenaia. misi gancxadebiT, zviad gamsaxurdias droin-
deli xelisuflebis, kerZod ki, umaRlesi sabWos deputatebis
moTxovna kanonieria. ufro metic, vinc maSin saxelmwifo sam-
saxurSi muSaobda, yvelas aqvs msgavsi anazRaurebis moTxovnis
ufleba. misive TqmiT, sxva sakiTxia, aqvs Tu ara amis resursi
saxelmwifo biujets.
http://www.timer.ge/pensiis-gazrda/
ianvari 21, 2016 13:32
uzenaesi sabWos deputatebis moTxovnas pensiis gazrdis Ses-

axeb, Cveuli cinizmiT gamoexmaura sakuTar facebook-is gverdze,
cotne gamsaxurdiac, rasac „kopirebiT“ gTavazobT aq!
Tsotne Gamsakhurdia – netav gaacocxla sawyali mamaCemi da am
qinZebze Seaxeda cali TvaliT... arc beladomani var da kargad
mogexsenebaT, bevr qarTvelze meti gamikeTebia da kidec gava-
479
keTeb politfetiSizmis winaaRdeg... rasac axla vityvi, meore
respublikis tragediaa da ar unda vambobde, magram: netav ro-
mels ra aqvs gakeTebuli am damoukideblobis misaRwevad? teqs-
tis SedgenaSi mainc Tu aqvT miRebuli monawileoba da ramdeni
acnobierebda iqedan, ras awerda xels...? gana ar ician, rom es
yvelaferi erTi kacis gakeTebulia praqtikulad?!
marTla aRarafrisa rcxvenia am xalxs fulis gulisTvis!
da kidev: Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, zogadad parlamentars saerTod
ar Wirdeba samaradiso pensia sicocxlis manZilze. amden muqTax-
oras kidev kargad uZlebs es bedkruli qveyana!
leila comaia, 2016 wlis 22 ianvari
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №48, 2016 wlis aprili.
gazeTis redaqtori Tvalsazrisi: miuxedavad, mavanTa sayur-

adRebo argumentebisa, damoukideblobis aqtze xelmomwerebs,
romlebsac ar uRalatiaT prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasTvis,
sruliad samarTliani ufleba aqvT moiTxovon pensiebis gazrda,
rameTu am deputatebmac gamoiares sastiki represiebi, devna da
SimSili, rac gvavaldebulebs pativiscemiT movepyraT maT da ar
avyveT kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT arakeTilgan-
wyobil Zalebs, romlebic dRemde ver gaTavisuflebulan SuRlis,
mtrobisa da siZulvilisagan da SemTxvevebs ar uSveben xelidan,
rom ar gamoavlinon amgvari ukeTuri damokidebulebebi zviad
gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT.
amasTanave, mimaCnia, rom Sesabamisi maRali pensia, unda daeniSnos
uzenaesi sabWos damoukideblobis aqtze xelmomweri gardacvlili
(mokluli) deputatebis ojaxebsac. xolo kanonSi represirebulTa
Sesaxeb, unda Sevides cvlileba 90-iani wlebis represirebulTa da
maTi fuladi konpensaciis wesis gansazRvris Sesaxebac.
480
me da valeria novodvorskaia...
2014 wlis 12 ivliss, moskovis sainformacio saSualebebma

msoflios amcnes, rom infeqciuri-toqsikuri Sokisagan saavadmy-
ofoSi gardaicvala cnobili samarTaldamcveli, sabWoTa disiden-
ti valeria novodvorskaia. miuxedavad imisa, rom valeria novod-
vorskaias gardacvalebis mizezi damajereblad gadmosces ofi-
cialurma wyaroebma, sazogadoebis garkveul nawilSi mainc rCeba
eWvi, rom SeiZleba igi mowamles, rogorc ruseTis yvela xelisu-
flebis aqtiuri oponenti, Seurigebeli da miumxrobeli radikali
- rusi eris namdvili saxe da politikuri sindisi.
valeria, WeSmaritad wrfeli, sufTa da Rirseuli pirovneba
gaxldaT; Tavis 42 wlian brZolaSi, ruseTis imperialistur-repre-
siuli reJimebis winaaRmdeg, mas politikuri brZolis kodeqsad
da normad aseTi zneobrivi gansazRvreba gaaCnda: „me Zalian ra-
dikaluri var saimisod, rom vinmem gabedos da informacia
momces!”
valeria novodvorskaias es zneobrivi kodeqsi, xelisuflebis

Zalovan struqturebTan raime saxis TanamSromlobasTan mimarTe-
baSi (Tundac sakuTari Jurnalisturi Tu uflebadacviTi saqmia-
nobis sasargeblod), saxelmZRvanelod unda iqces yvela WeSmariti
Jurnalistis, samarTaldamcvelisa Tu adamianTa uflebaTdamcve-
li personebisaTvis, romelTa absoluturi umravlesoba, samwux-
arod, siamovnebiTi aqtiurobiT TanamSromlobs yovelgvar Zalo-
van struqturebTan, rac saeWvos xdis maTi damoukideblobisa da
ndobis xarisxs.
481
Cemi pirveli da erTaderTi Sexvedra valeria novod-
vorskaiasTan moxda 1992 wlis 24 seqtembers; es dRe dedaCemis
gardacvalebis TariRia da me Sesvenebaze gamovedi universite-
tis Senobidan, raTa rusTavelze qaSueTis eklesiaSi wavsuliya-
vi da sanTlebi damenTo dedaCemis saxelze. universitetis ezoSi
CoCqoli da daZabuloba damxvda. Cemi yuradReba miipyro saTval-
ianma, msuqanma ucxo qalbatonma, romelsac win didi tomara edo
da iqedan studentebsa da profesor-maswavleblebs raRac fur-
clebs urigebda; misi vinaoba ki vicodi, rogorc disidentma, ma-
gram igi ase pirispir arasodes menaxa. gulma mikarnaxa, rom eg,
swored valeria novodvorskaia iyo da proklamaciebs arigebda,
rasac zogi protestis niSnad arc arTmevda, zogi ki arTmevda,
sadRac iCurTavda da swrafad ecleboda iqaurobas. aCqarebiT mi-
veaxle, mivesalme, daxmareba SevTavaze da myisierad daviwye misi
tomridan prokalmaciis gavrceleba. mas gauxarda da bubuna xmiT
mkiTxa „studenti xaro?“ me araferi vupasuxe, irgvliv iZabeboda
viTareba, ezoSi ukve momravlebuliynen gadacmuli policiele-
bi Tu uSiSroebis TanamSromlebi da veSurebodi proklamaciebis
swrafad gavrcelebas. valeriam ki: am diliT Camovedi groznodan,
zviad gamsaxurdiasagan wamoviRe es proklamaciebi, erTi tomara
kidev maqvs aqve binaSi Senaxulio. bina universitetTan axlos,
romelsac stumrobda valeria, moskovSi moRvawe profesoris givi
gorgilaZis dedas, qalbaton Citos ekuTvnoda. g. gorgilaZes bi-
ologiis laboratoria Tsu-Sic hqonda da drodadro Camodioda
xolme da universitetSi xSirad vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs, vmego-
brobdiT kidec.
proklamaciis Sinaarsi Seicavda 11 oqtombris moaxloe-
bul xuntis saparlamento (e.w. imedis) arCevnebis boikotirebis
mowodebas. me da valerias, jaba ioselianisa da kitovanis xun-
tam maleve aRgvikveTa saqmianoba da Cven, fizikuri ZaladobiT
Cagvyares manqanaSi da migviyvanes vakis raionis miliciaSi, sadac
dilamde gvamyofes. valeria xazgasmul upativcemulobas gamoxat-
avda xuntis miliciis mimarT da maT kiTxvebs cinikurad da agdeb-
iT pasuxobda. mosulebi iyvnen, agreTve uSiSroebidanac. valerias
saqcieli da pasuxebi imdenad araadeqvaturi iyo, rom Zalovanebi
cdilobdnen CemTan gadaemowmebinaT misi fsiqiuri mdgradobis
sakiTxi, rasac me aranaklebi cinizmiT vpasuxobdi. magaliTad,
482
rodesac valerias ekiTxebodnen, Tu ra uflebiT eweoda igi saqa-
rTveloSi antisaxelmwifoebriv saqmianobas, valeria fexs-fexze,
simsuqnisagan arcTu moqnilad gadaidebda, xelCanTidan amoiReb-
da sarkes da pomadas da viTarca salonSi, kosmetikobas - saxis
morTvas iwyebda. misi „araadeqvaturoba“ CemSi kmayofil Rimils
iwvevda, xolo ZalovanebSi ki dabneulobasa da wyromas.
Zalovanebis kiTxvebi da interesi, cxadia, umeteswilad va-
leriasadmi iyo mimarTuli; maT ainteresebdaT sad dabeWda man
proklamacia, rodis Camovida igi TbilisSi da a.S. valeriasgan maT
seriozuli pasuxebi ver miiRes, garda cinizmisa. mec, yvelafer-
ze – ar vici-meTqi vpasuxobdi da arafriT mijerebdnen. rodesac
seriozuli kontaqti Cvensa da Zalovanebs Soris ver Sedga, dilas
migviyvanes jaba ioselianTan „imelis“ SenobaSi. jaba ioselianis
kabineti gadavsebuli iyo mxedrionelebiT. jaba cdilobda vale-
riaze moexdina zegavlena da daerwmunebina igi, rom zviadi diqta-
tori da giJi iyo. amis dasturad jabam gviCvena zviadis foto
(montaJi), romelzedac zviadi Seuracxadad gamoiyureboda. Cven
sicili davayareT jabas, igi ki gvarwmunebda, rom es namdvili fo-
toao. valeriam Cveuli pirdapirobiT miaxala jabas: „Sen unda iyo
zviadis Semcvleli? saqarTvelo ki imsaxurebs zviads!“
saRamo xans Cven gamogviSves „imelis“ Senobidan. valeria no-
vodvorskaia im RamiTve gaaZeves Tbilisidan, xolo me, univer-
sitetidan da davrCi umuSevari. moskovSi Casul valerias givi
gorgilaZisTvis uTqvams, rom universitetSi mxolod erTi axal-
gazrda gogo amomidga gverdSi da isic CemTan erTad daakaveso.
gorgilaZes CemTan gadaumowmebladve miugia valeriasTvis, rom
igi leila comaia iqnebodao. ase davrCiT nacnob-ucnobebad me da
valeria novodvorskaia.
valeria, imave misiiT kidev araerTxel iyo Camosuli TbilisSi,
magram mas ukve maSinve akavebdnen da erT Tvemde winaswari patim-
robis jurRmulSic ki hyavdaT gamomwyvdeuli Tbilisis xuntas.
valeria novodvorskaias araordinaluri garegnoba, zerele
xedviT, namdvilad qmnida araTanxvdeniT STabeWdilebas mis Roni-
er gonTan; magram miseuli samarTlianobisa da Tavisuflebis
siankare, kacobriobis mCqefare siyvaruli da Tavganwirvis sidi-
ade Crdilavda da auferulebda masTan polemikaSi myof yvelas
fizikur silamazes, sainteresoTa Soris sainteresos xdida da
483
ganabrwyinebda mas. igi iyo mWevrmetyveli da erovnebaTaSorisi
sikeTis, Tanasworobisa da Tavisuflebis qadagi.
XX-XXI saukunis msoflio Jandarmis - ruseTis imperiis winaaRm-
deg, nebismieri gamovlinebiT mebrZoli politikuri figura, mis
myisier Tayvaniscemas imsaxurebda da es motivi kvebavda valerias
Tanadgomas mixeil saakaSvilisadmic.
valerias maRali Sefasebebi zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT araerT
qarTul da rusul gazeTebSia dabeWdili. aq ki misi uamravi wer-
ilebidan erT mcire monakveTs moviyvanT mxolod:
„igi keTilSobilia, alali, wminda da ganasaxierebs sibrZnes,
mwerlis niWs da simtkices bavSvurad gulubryvilo martvilisa,
igi mTeli sicocxle ebrZoda komunizmsa da misgan aTavisuflebda
Tavis patara qveyanas. igi marad disidentia, romelmac gadaitana
cixec, wamebac da katorRac. igi almodebul gemze kapitnad rCeba
da urCevnia CaiZiros, vidre alami dauSvas, esaa zviad gamsaxur-
dia, qarTuli sibrZnisa da Rirsebis simbolo“.
novodvorskaia, zviadis saflavze, 2010 w.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №43, gv. 7, 2014 w.
484
xmauri da pasuxgaucemeli kiTxvebi besarion
guguSvilis wignis prezentaciaze
besarion guguSvilis am
Semzaravi dizainis wignis ganx-
ilvas, jer ver SevudgebiT im
ubralo mizezis gamo, rom misi
erTi egzemplari es-esaa movi-
poveT da mxolod guldasmiT
wakiTxvis Semdgom gavakeTebT
Cvens piruTvnel Sefasebas.
dizaini ki avtoriseuli unda
iyos (wignSi ar aris miTiTebu-
li sxva dizainer-mxatvari) da
lakmusiviT warmoaCens swored
avtoriseul xasiaTsa Tu bune-
bas. wignis prezentacia ki
moewyo nacionaluri moZraobis lobistur maRaziaTa qsel „parna-
sis“ erT-erT filialSi. xolo, Tavad wigni, gamoica nacionaluri
moZraobis erT-erTi liderisa da deputatis nugzar wiklauris
universitetis gamomcemlobis muSakis lia beruaSvilis patrona-
JiT, risTvisac wignis redaqtori ioseb RuduSauri guliTad mad-
lobas uxdis mas guguSvilis saxeliT.
wignis prezentaciam, romelsac uZRveboda uzenaesi sabWos er-
TaderTi da naklebad cnobili deputati firuz dekanoiZe, sruli-
ad qaotur, xmaurian viTarebaSi Caiara. dekanoiZe, SekiTxvis dasmis
mosurneebs, ar aZlevda saSualebas kiTxvebi daesvaT fineTidan
CarTul premier-ministrisa Tu wignis avtorisaTvis. wignis maRa-
ziis salonSi 20-mde SekrebilTagan mxolod malxaz gorgasliZem
da vaxtang baxtaZem SeZles SekiTxvis dasma, razec besarion guguS-
vilma mxolod Cveuli pirovnuli SeuracxyofebiT upasuxa, rasac
mxars ubamda guguSvilis marioneti ioseb RuduSauri, romelic
aseve fineTSia emigrirebuli. baton ioseb RuduSaurs, romelic
zviad gamsaxurdias dros duSeTis prefeqti gaxldaT, Skype-iT
485
saubrisas, ramdenime wlis win aseTi SekiTxva davusvi:
– batoni besarion guguSvili, miukerZoebeli gamoZiebiT,
zviadis mkvlelobis SeTqmulebis monawile rom aRmoCndes,
Tqven mainc guguSvils dauWerT mxars?
igi SekiTxviT, Tumca Zalian gaRizianda, magram pasuxi aseTi
gamca:
– diax,mas davuWer!
am saubridan ramdenime xanSi ki man Skype -s siidan amomSala.
RvarZliTa da siZulviliT aRsavse am wignSi, Tvalis gadavlebi-
Tac Cans, rom Tavmoyrilia is interviuebi da masalebi, rasac b.gu-
guSvili wlebis ganmavlobaSi avrcelebda presaSi zviad gamsaxur-
dias „TviTmkvlelobis mtkicebis“ mimarTulebiT. wignis saTauri
– „mkvlelobis dakveTa“ – konstantine gamsaxurdias misamarTiT
nasroli mkvaxe SeZaxili unda iyos misi saparlamento gamoZiebis
gamo. istoriuli danaSaulis gasabiabureblad man, swored is unda
daweros, razec sakuTari usafrTxoebisaTvis Seipires xuntis
kacebma! da es misi erTaderTi muSakoba ar aris yalbismqnelo-
baSi; besarionis mier Seqmnili internet gverdiT – „prezidenti
zviad gamsaxurdia“, – igi, ara marto sakuTar oponentebs esxmis
Tavs, aramed hyofnis sindisi da gambedaoba, zviad gamsaxurdias
saxeliT ebrZolos, dageslos da daamunaTos zviadis nawamebi
Svilic. ai, nimuSi baton besarionis internet-siyalbidan:
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia sayveduri! ra dagiSave

cotne, rom Cems mimdevrebs droSi CarCenilebs uwodeb?! es Sen xar
Svilo mkvdari politikosebis mimdevari da ara isini, romlebsac
Sen 20 wlis gardacvlili politikosis mimdevrebi daarqvi. Svi-
lo, amiT viTom dascine Cemi mtrebis TvalSi?! RmerTma Segindos!
dafiqrdi xolme roca raimes Tqmas apireb.
Cven iZulebuli varT aq SevwyvitoT saubari wignze. Cveni poli-

tikuri Sefaseba ki mis prezentaciasTan dakavSirebiT qvemoTmoy-
vanil gancxadebaSi gamovxateT.
486
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis gancxadeba
mimdinare wlis 26 dekembers dagegmilia kanonieri erovnu-

li mTavrobis premier-ministris b-n besarion guguSvilis
wignis – „mkvlelobis dakveTa“ – prezentacia. wignis saTauri-
dan da Tavad b-n guguSvilis dRemde cnobili gancxadebebis
mixedviT SegviZlia winaswar davaskvnaT, rom mis mier Sedgeni-
li zemoxsenebuli wigni kidev erTi mcdelobaa, qarTveli eri
da saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba „daarwmunos“ zviad gamsaxur-
dias mier sicocxlis „TviTmkvlelobiT“ dasrulebaSi, rac
gaxlavT swored guguSvilisTvis SekveTili versia imisaTvis,
rom pasuxismgebloba aacilos eduard SevardnaZesa da mis xun-
tas zviad gamsaxurdias devnisa da mkvlelobisTvis, xolo Tav-
ad ki kvlavac SeinarCunos sakuTari sicocxlis usafrTxoebisa
da xelSeuxeblobis garantiebi.
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partia mouwodebs uzenaesi
sabWos deputatebsa da erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebs,
nu miiReben monawileobas damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirve-
li prezidentis baton zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg, aw ukve
sikvdilis Semdegac warmoebul SeTqmulebasa da ciliswamebaSi
da boikoti gamoucxadon b-n guguSvilis yviTeli wignis prez-
entacias!
partiis Tavmjdomare
leila comaia
konstantine gamsaxurdias (umcrosi) gamoxmaureba facebook-ze

Konstantine Gamsakhurdia Tavisi obieqturi mizezebi aqvs, Tu
ratom ar Catarda eqspertiza da Catarda mxolod daTvaliereba
groznos prozeqturaSi. ra Tqma unda amiT simarTlis dadgenis
saqmem izarala. senakis aeroportSic daTvalierebas hqonda adgi-
li, romlis oqmic gamovaqveyneT. im dokumentSi, romelsac Tamar
dekanosiZe, CaCua, boWoriSvili da sxvebi aweren xels, laparakia
ramodenime saxis dazianebaze saxisa da Tavis areSi. rogorc yo-
filma jandacvis ministrma da yofilma premierma a. jorbenaZem
miTxra, 3 ucxoeli eqsperti ukve TbilisSi iyo Camosuli. xolo
487
SevardnaZem da baluaSvilma imiT gaimarTles Tavi, rom qvrivi
eqspertizis winaaRmdegiao: TiTqos groznoSi myofi qvrivis da
iandarbievis 5 CeCenis SeeSindaT. Tuki me, e. SevardnaZe imas vamt-
kiceb, rom am kacma Tavi moikla da me arafer SuaSi var, maSin
piriqiT yvelaferi unda meRona, rom rogorRac Catarebuliyo
eqspertiza, rac TviTmkvlelobas daamtkicebda. SevardnaZisTvis
es xom komfortulic iqneboda da aucilebelic.
uzenaesi sabWos deputatis, gela CorgolaSvilis gamoxmaureba
facebook-ze
 saubari daiwyo samSabaTi-ze.


11:16
Gela Chorgolashvili
qalbatono leila mogesalmebiT. wavikiTxe zviad ganmaTavisuflebe-
lis partiis gancxadeba. visac saqarTveloSi aRsrulebuli aRviraxsnili
Zaladoba sruliad udanaSaulo adamianis mimarT (arafers vambob momx-
dari faqtis saxlmwifoebriv da samarTlebriv konteqstze) yurmokvriT
mainc smenia, SeuZlebelia ar gaiziaros Tqveni partiis gancxadebaSi
gamoTqmuli mosazreba, rom saqarTvelos WeSmaritad Rirseuli Svilis
mimarT warmoebuli ciliswamebis kampania warmoadgens qarTuli modgmis
gasanadgureblad mimarTul mizandasaxul qmedebas da sworedac am niSni-
Tac es gaxlavT SeTqmuleba! advili SesamCnevia, rom dacemuli adamiani
(adamiani usindiso) cdilobs sakuTari uzneobis SeniRbvas „SeTqmulebis
Teoriaze“ qirqiliT, TiTqos da adamianTa modgmis amqveyniuri yofa
erTi, uwyveti, SeTqmulebiT ar iyos damZimebuli. qalbatono leila, pi-
rad werils gwerT im mosazrebiT, rom msurs kiTxva privatulad dagis-
vaT: besarion guguSvilma wigns „mkvlelobis dakveTa“ uwoda. „mkvlelo-
ba“ ar aris „TviTmkvleloba~, romel versiasac igi ase jiutad nergavs. es
ra aris – saTaurSi amoaqvs „mkvleloba“ rom komerciuli gaxados wigni?
Tu aq ufro sxva, ufro Rrmad Camalalul mzakvrobasTan gvaqvs saqme?

11:25
Gela Chorgolashvili
rom, marTalia, ai „mkvlelobis dakveTa“ ki iyo, magram rogorc ase-
Ti, viwro iuridiuli mniSvnelobiT „mkvleloba“ ar Sedga. rasac moyve-
ba, rom es garemoeba ar anTavisuflebs „damkveTs“ moraluri pasux-
ismgeblobisagan da rom arsebobs adamianis miyvana TviTmkvlelobamde
da a. da a.S. (demagogia), magram „mkvleloba“ rogorc aseTi ar Sedga im
ubralo mizeziT, rom saqarTvelos respublikis prezidentma sicocxle
daasrula „TviTmkvlelobiT”.
488
Seni suraTi
zviad gamsaxurdias
(esse)
me es suraTi guSin vnaxe, gazeTSi

iyo dabeWdili. amovWeri da Sevi-
naxe, Sevinaxav samudamod... diliT,
rodesac gamomeRviZa, pirveli, rac
mominda, es iyo gulis gamomlevi,
autaneli survili: isev damexeda
am suraTze, erTxel kidev Semevlo
Tvali, menaxa... am survilma gama-
nadgura.
jer Tavad suraTs aRvwer, mere
ganvmartav imas, Tu ratom gamanad-
gura... tye. naZvnari. samegrelos
mTis soflebSi sadRac minaxavs
aseTi ferdobs Sefenili meCxeri
naZvnari; bavSvobisas, siymawvili-
sas xSirad davdiodi am soflebSi
da minaxavs... TiTqos is naZvic mi-
naxavs, romlis gverdiTac dgaxar.
Seni mxrebis simaRleze odnav gadaxrilia es xe, mar-
jvena xeli idayvianad dagiyrdnia masze; zustad im adgi-
las, saidanac gadamrudeba iwyeba... Seni samSobloc, Seni
eric, xom gadamrudda?! xom gadaamrudes?! xom gaanadgures?!
gaSlili xelisguli ise Tbilad gidevs am mrudze, TiTqos morCe-
nas upireb mis wylulebs, TiTqos am namrudis gamarTva ginda.
xe mainc kivis Tavis satkivarze, kivis Seni samSobloc. Seni
eric kivis. kivis Seni sulic... magram amwuTebSi uxmoa es kivili.
uxmoa Seni samSoblos kivili, uxmoa Seni eris kivili, uxmoa Seni
kivilic... am wuTebSi es kivili xedviT Sesacnobia, smeniT ki ara.
es garindebis kivilia. sabediswerod garindula cac da xme-
leTic, Seni gulis xmas usmens, TiTqos orive: caca da miwac...
489
sadRac axloa is sabediswero wuTic... giaxlovdebian ukve...
Caqra `feierverkebi~. gaTavda sazizRari warmodgena. yvela miimala,
miiCqmala yvela, aravin ar Cans. komunistur tvins sxva ra SeuZlia?!
maxsendeba didebuli meri uolstonkraft Seli; frankenStaini eub-
neba monstrs: Sen SeiZleba kacTa Soris yvelaze ufro ubeduri gamxa-
do, magram imas ver moeswrebi, Cems sakuTar TvalSi rom damamciro!
gaiqcnen da gaiparnen komunistebis mier, `sakuTar TvalSi damcire-
bulni~, mogzavnilebi, malviT mavneblebi, erTgulebis Semomficv-
elni. `geTsemaniis baRSi macxovari xedavda, rom yvela mis momxres
eZina, xolo yvela misi mowinaaRmdege fxizlobda~, ambobs paskali.
me Sen macxovars ar gadareb, ar vaWarbeb... am suraTidan aSkarad ig-
rZnoba, rom yvela Seni namdvili momxre Sorsaa Sengan, yvela Seni cru
momxre da mowinaaRmdege giaxlovdeba... magram Sen sakuTar TvalSi
ver dagamcireben... ramdenadac gagwires, imdenad ufro amaRldi, im-
denad ganaTldi, gasakvirveldi...
naxvamdis, Cemo prezidento! Cven, sadme sivrceSi, isev Sevxvdeb-
iT erTmaneTs...
apolon adonia
gaz. `ganmaTavisuflebeli~ #44, 2015 w.
Cvenc vimedovnebT, rom aw ukve amqveyniuri soflidan TviTonac

mowameobrivad gasuli, ucnobi geniosis, apolon adonias suli, sad-
me zeciur sivrceSi, marTlac Sexvdeba zviadis suls (red.)
àpolon adonia imTaviTve iyo garidebuli amqveyniuri didebis

maZiebelTa kohortas. arasodes minaxavs romelime redaqciis mis-
aRebSi mdgomare da redaqtorTan Sesvlis momlodine. Caabarebda
leqsebs, an moTxrobebs mdivan gogonas da myisve miaSurebda gasasasv-
lelisaken. idga es didsulovani kaci “kolmeurneobis moednis” gvi-
rabTa erT-erT seqtorSi da wignebs hyidda. igi Zlier waagavda pla-
tons, idealistsa da meocnebes, idealuri “saxelmwifos” Semqmnels.
anac, ufrore firosmanis sulieri Zma gaxldaT, romelmac “xelovan-
Ta sasaxle” da “samovari” moinatra zemaRal Temebze sasaubrod” es
aris nawyveti awgardacvlil mweral grigol ruxaiasi apolon adon-
ias gardacvalebaze gazeT „ganmaTavisuflebelSi“ (18. gv.16, 2008 w.).
490
diax, „idga es didsulovani kaci `kolmeurneobis moednis~ gvirab-
Ta erT-erT seqtorSi da wignebs hyidda“. myidvelis molodinSi, vin
icis meramdened kiTxulobda gasayid bukinistur wignebs; uqmad mom-
zirals verasodes naxavdi, wignebi iyo misi erTaderTi trfiali da
uSreti interesis sagani. siyvaruliT SerTuli coli sxvam warsta-
ca, saerTo siyvarulis nayofi Svili ki daisakuTra – aRar daTmo.
samegrelodan TbilisSi gadmovidnen sacxovreblad. gogona Tsu
filosofiuri fakultetis studenti gaxda. friadosani iyo. apo-
lons, aRarc Svilis warmatebebiTa Tu bednierebiT tkbobis madli
mihgvara RmerTma. apoloni disidentobda, qaliSvilic sxvagvarad
moazrovne iyo komunistur aTeistur wyobaSi. sabWoTa uSiSroebas
yuradRebis miRma, arc mama-Svili adoniebi darCenia. erT dRes Svi-
li uferuli da mowyenili dabrunebula universitetidan da ram-
denime saaTSi ugonodac Seqmnila. studentur kafeSi yava daulevia
TanakurselebTan erTad. „raRac ucxo, mwklarte gemo hqonda, magram
mainc bolomde movsvi da mgoni momwamleso“. im dRidan fsiqiatri-
uli savadmyofos xSiri binadrebi gaxdnen... gayiduli wignebis fu-
liT mkurnal-patronobda Svils, romelsac bolos ukve saavadmyo-
fosTvisac veRar imetebda, radgan araferi Sveloda mainc. saxlSi ki
iseT agresias avlenda Svili, rom iZulebuli Seiqmna misi oTaxidan
rkinis gisosebiT daecva Tavi. miuxedavad amgvari svemware yofisa,
apoloni ar ganridebia samSobloze fiqrsa da zrunvas; prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis iaraRiT damxobas saqa-
rTvelos katastrofad afasebda da yvelanairad cdilobda Tavisi
brZnuli Segoneba mietana xalxamde kalmiT Tu saqmiT. kalmiT xSird
werda Cvens gazeT „ganmaTavisuflebelSi“.
apolon adonias janmrTeloba da sicocxlec „kolmeurneobis

moednis“ gvirabSi „samsaxurma“ Seiwira, igi filtvebis anTebiT daa-
vadebuli gardaicvala 2008 wels, ramac fsiqiurad Seryeuli misi
Svilis mdgomareoba sruliad uimedo gaxada...
leila comaia
491
inguSi mwerlis isa koZoevis werili
cxovreba kardinalurad Seicvala da TiTqmis veRar vigeb ra xdeba.

me var adamiani warsulidan. warsuli, ra Tqma unda, CvenTvis, totali-
taruli reJimis winaaRmdeg amboxebuli adamianebis mimarT, mkacri iyo.
am brZolas mxolod romantikos-pasionarebi Tu wamoiwyebdnen da
gauZlebdnen. es sityvebi dRevandeli sazogado moRvaweebis mier da-
cinviTac ki gamoiyeneba, magram maSin Cven sicilisTvis ar gvecala.
diax, Cven viyaviT romantikos-pasionarebi da zviad gamsaxurdia
erT-erTi CvenTagani iyo. Cven gvamoZravebda wminda suli, pragmatu-
lobis gareSe da suli iyo Zlieri. man daamxo komunistebis totali-
taruli reJimi. me gadavwyvite zviadis dabadebis dRes gamomeTqva
Cemi mosazreba da vfiqrob, rom qarTvelebi me gamigeben.
“droTa ganmavlobaSi Seicvala gangeba kacTa modgmis mimarT
da adamianis evoluciisaTvis, WeSmaritebisa da sikeTis mcne-
bis garda, saWiro gaxda Tavisuflebis Semecneba da gaTaviseba”.
(yvela citata aqac da Semdgom moyvanilia z. gamsaxurdias statiidan
“kacobrioba dilemis winaSe” 1993 w. )
Cvenma epoqam Caiara, rogorc bednierma sizmarma, rogorc poetis
boboqarma STagonebam, rogorc axlis dabadebis dResaswaulma. Se-
saZloa, kavkasielebis axalma Taobam ver gagvigos im wlebis tiraniis
winaaRmdeg mebrZolebs, magram Cvens dros yvelaferi sxvagvarad iyo.
Cvens gasasresad gamzadebuli iyo ori betonis fila. erTi – ko-
munistebis totalitaruli reJimi, xolo meore - rusuli Sovi-
nizmi. gamudmebuli SiSi iyo imisa, rom es filebi Camovardebo-
da da xalxs qveS moiyolebda. sazogadoebas amoZravebda SiSi.
yvelaze mdabio, cxoveluri SiSi - Rame Tbili sawolidan wamog-
debis, daundoblad cemis, wamebis, fexis quslebze joxiT ce-
mis, mamakacebisaTvis genetaliebze girebis dakidebis, qalebis
gaupatiurebis, boTlebze dasmis, frCxilebis qveS nemsebis gay-
ris, TiTebis damtvrevis, dReebis ganmavlobaSi TvalebSi kaSka-
Sa Suqis minaTebis... Sedegad – “moawereT xeli, rom Tqven gegmav-
diT sabWoTa xelisuflebis damxobas” – daxvreta da kiris ormo.
ssrk-s arcerTi “moqalaqe” ar iyo dazRveuli msgavsi SemTxvevisagan.
492
es iyo sazogadoebaSi gamefebuli SiSi, romelic yvelgan aRwevda. ada-
mianebma, TiTqmis yvelam, iswavla tyuili. sicrue iTvleboda sabWo-
Ta adamianis Rirsebad da siamayed. is vinc moxerxebulad cruob-
da imedi hqonda, rom ar moxvdeboda suk-is TvalTaxedvis areSi.
sazogadoebaSi arsebobda sruli undobloba.
me vaxsene ori fila. pirveli ekida mTeli sabWoTa kavSi-
ris Tavze, rogorc “damokles maxvili”. meore – “nacmene-
bze”, rogorc maSin moixseniebdnen ararus mosaxleobas.
ai, aseTi qveynidan viyaviT Cven, maSindeli disidentebi, ro-
melTa ricxvs ekuTvnoda suverenuli saqarTvelos momava-
li prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia – didi ganmaTavisuflebeli!
me vici, Zalian bevrs saqarTveloSi moewoneba saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobis mopovebaSi zviad gamsaxurdias Rvawlis Cemeu-
li Sefaseba, rac Semdgari istoriuli faqtia. saqarTvelos
aRorZinebis saqmeSi, zviadis mier gaRebuli sisxli, waruSlel
furclad darCeba istoriaSi. aravis ar xelewifeba zviad-gan-
manTavisuflebelis gadagdeba misi didebuli kvarcxlbekidan.
qarTvelebo, mas unda daudgaT qvis qandakeba. ra Tqma unda, mas es ar
sWirdeba, magram es unda gakeTdes saqarTvelos momavali TaobisT-
vis.
493
zviadi ar iyo erTaderTi, vinc ibrZoda saqarTvelos gan-
TavisuflebisaTvis. WeSmaritad ara! isini bevrni iyvnen, ma-
gram igi iyo yvelaze TvalsaCino maT Soris. diax, es iyo Cve-
ni romantikuli epoqa – mokle, bednieri gaelveba, romelic
RmerTma gvaCuqa Cveni sufTa gulebisa da mZime SromisaTvis.
mivmarTav Cems zugdidel megobrebs: “Tu Tqven cocxlebi xarT, mec
momixseneT, Tqveni sulieri Zma da Tanamesakne mordoviis dawyevli-
li banakebidan. me Tqven maxsovxarT yovel wams, xolo roca viZineb,
me kvlav TqvenTan var. RmerTs geficebiT, es iyo Cemi yvelaze bed-
nieri xana – me TqvenTan erTad SevigrZeni WeSmariti bedniereba. sxva
rogorc Cans, arc arsebobs dedamiwaze. adamianebi ise arian mowyo-
bilni, rom bednierebas iq eZeben, sadac is ar aris da verc iqneba”.
ar gamarTlda odesRac ssrk-Si damkvidrebuli gamonaTqvami:
“betonis kedels SubliT ver gaangrev”; Seupovarma mebrZoleb-
ma SeZles da SubliT gaangries betonis kedeli. gaCnda naprali
Tavisuflebisaken da am naprals miawyda yvela. 70 weli tyveo-
baSi da uceb – Tavisufleba! daTvra, Tavisuflebas SeuCveveli
xalxi da bevrma ubedureba daatriala. sxvagvarad verc iqnebo-
da, magram warsuls ver davubrundebiT da arc unda davubrundeT.
“ ... da Cven, kacobrioba Seqmnili varT absoluturad gonieri, keTili,
universaluri Zalis mier . . . Cven gvaqvs diadi daniSnuleba, amaRle-
buli miznebi, Cven unda vicxovroT ideis gulisaTvis da ara miwieri
keTildReobisaTvis, Cven msxverpli unda gaviRoT”. ase aRwers zvia-
di im Zalis arssa da mniSvnelobas, romelic STagvagonebda SubliT
SevskdomodiT betonis kedels.
“msxverplad Sewirva” – aris is grZnoba, romelic amoZra-
vebda im epoqis sulier TanamoZmeebs da amitomac maTi qme-
deba zogjer gonierebisa da ugunurobis zRvarze gadioda.
SesaZloa, kavkasielebis axalma Taobam es verc gaacnobieros.
zviadi iyo Rrmad ganaTlebuli da moazrovne adamiani. im sazogadoe-
baSi, romelSic aRizarda: “erTis mxriv – samoqalaqo Tavganwirva,
sindisis karnaxiT moqmedeba, sulieri faseulobebis wamoweva, xolo
meores mxriv – filisteruli, TviTkmayofili fsevdopragmatizmi,
gulgriloba yovelgvari umsgavsobis mimarT, sistematurad sindi-
sis sakuTar sulSi CaxSoba, romelic sruldeba ama Tu im sazogadoe-
brivi sistemisa Tu calkeuli adamianis mier . . . disidentebma airCies
dilemis pirveli mxare, magram ara erTnairi warmatebiTa da medgro-
494
biT. albaT, ase xdeboda imis gamo, rom maT Sorisac arian adamianebi,
romelTagan yvelas ar aRmoaCnda erTnairi SorsmWvreteloba da si-
mamace, WeSmaritebisaken saval gzaze msxverplis gasaRebad”.
1989 weli. Tbilisi. sabWoTa jariskacebi Tavs esxmian mSvidobian
demonstracias. xalxs orlesul niCbebs urtyamen TavSi. iyeneben sa-
SiS-momwamvlel gazs. quCebi savsea gvamebiT, xolo saavadmyofoebi -
mowamluli xalxiT. qarTvelma xalxma naTlad dainaxa, rom sxva gza ar
iyo, garda Tavisuflebis mopovebisa. ori erovnuli gmiri, ori lide-
ri – merab kostava da zviad gamsaxurdia. maT xalxi darazmes imisTvis,
rom keTilSobili qarTveli erisTvis samudamod moeSorebinaT sxva
qveynis uReli. es mxolod gmirebs SeeZloT. es iyo saxifaTo nabiji.
qarTveli “separatistebis” qmedebiT aRSfoTebulma mixeil gor-
baCovma satelefono saubarSi zviad gamsaxurdias ganucxada, rom
saqarTvelo damoukideblobas miiRebda afxazeTisa da Sida qarT-
lis teritoriebis gareSe. rogorc Cans, kremli im periodSi saqar-
Tvelos sxva regionebze seriozulad ar fiqrobda. Tumca, Semdgom
gadawyvita uZvelesi saxelmwifo daenawevrebina patara “saTava-
doebad”: afxazeTi, samxreT oseTi, aWara, samegrelo, svaneTi. mo-
sazRvre raionebi mieerTebina somxeTisa da azerbaijanisaTvis _
iyo aseTi qveyana saqarTvelo - da aRar arsebobs. magram ar gamou-
vidaT, Tumca amisTvis kolosaluri Zalisxmeva iyo Cadebuli. Rmer-
Ti zecidan iyureba! is ar dauSvebs keTilSobili eris ganadgurebas.
me veswrebodi saqarTvelos umaRlesi sabWos im istoriul se-
sias, romelzec damoukidebloba gamocxadda, da orjer gamove-
di sityviT. sicocxlis bolo wuTamde ar damaviwydeba is dRe. se-
siis Semdeg zviadisTan erTad gamovediT mitingze. msgavss vera-
sodes naxav – milionze meti saqarTvelos macxovrebeli gamosuli
iyo rusTavelis prospeqtze. iq idga TiTqmis mTeli saqarTvelo.
me maSin mivxvdi, rom es adamianebi Sekrebili iyvnen, ara “lavaSisa“ da
“jinsebisaTvis”, aramed TavisuflebisTvis.
maSin, Cven yvela gviyvarda, Cvens sulSi aravis mimarT ar iyo
mtroba da siZulvili. Cven velodiT msgavs damokidebulebas ruse-
Tisganac, magram mwared SevcdiT. zviads ar misces mSvidobiani mu-
Saobis saSualeba, raTa gadaewyvita umniSvnelovanesi saxelmwifo
problemebi, romelic sakmaod iyo dagrovili. mas aRmoaCnda mtrebi,
rogorc qveynis SigniT ise qveynis gareT. moskovis diasporaSi iqmne-
boda antizviadisturi koaliciebi. boris elcini xels uwyobda msga-
495
vs faqtebs. CvenTvis nacnobi struqturebi aswavlidnen da amarageb-
dnen momval meamboxeebs.
1991 wlis 23 da 24 marts, yazbegSi, b. elcini samudamo megobro-
bas eficeboda zviads. qarTvelebma mas miarTves uZvirfasesi xma-
li. aRfrTovanebuli elcini xmliT xelSi yviroda: “aba, gamagrdi
miSka gorbaCov!”. igi Zlivs daamSvides da kvlav magidasTan dasves. am
Sexvedras veswrebodiT ori inguSi – me da salam axilgovi. Cven spe-
cialurad migvipatiJa zviadma. mas undoda b. elcinTan inguSeTis sa-
kiTxze molaparakeba. aseve, monawilobdnen Crdilo oseTis xelmZR-
vaneli pirebic. ambobdnen, rom imyofebodnen b.elcinis miwveviT.
rodesac Cven avdeqiT magididan, zvidma SearCia Sesaferisi dro da
b.elcini Seiyvana patara kabinetSi, sadac miuxedavad misi Tanmxlebi
pirebis winaaRmdegobisa, mec vimyofebodi. Sedga mokle saubari. Cven
samni viyaviT: boris elcini, zviad gamsaxurdia da me - issa koZoevi.
me mokled avxseni Cveni Txovnis arsi. zviadma damajereblad daa-
mata: “boris nikolozis Zev, gadawyviteT inguSi xalxis saqme sa-
marTlianad da isini Tqven ar dagiviwyeben. me amas gTxovT mTe-
li qarTveli eris saxeliT”. aRniSnulze b. elcinma upasuxa _
“zviad, me xom ukve dagpirdi. inguSebo, xval me nazranSi Camoval”.
me marTlac davujere mas. zviadma damSvidobebisas miTxra: “isa, ime-
dianad iyavi! nuTu didi qveynis prezidenti sityvebs haerSi isvris?!”
aRmoCnda, rom aseTi qveynis prezidentis sityva kapikic ar Rirs.
tyuils maTTan “politika” hqvia.
meore dRes, 24 marts, b. elcini marTlac Cavida nazranSi.
Tanxmobis moedanze igi dagvpirda, rom inguSi xalxis bedi “sa-
marTlianad” gadawydeboda. Cven yvelam viciT Tu rogor gadawy-
vita. vxedavT, rogor esmiT samarTlianoba. dRes, boris elci-
ni cocxali ar aris. igi gardaicvala da Tan waiRo wyevla Cveni
xalxisa, romlis imedic 1992 wlis Semodgomaze sisxlSi Cakla.
zviad gamsaxurdiam “ganTavisuflebuli” mokavSire respublikebis
prezidentebTan urTierToba ver daamyara. ratom? imitom, rom es
prezidentebi – imJamad ukve suverenuli saxelmwifoebis meTaurebi
– manamde jibiT atarebdnen skkp-s bileTebs. imitom, rom maT saku-
Tari sulebi, “skamebis” gamo, eSmaks mihyides. rogorc cnobilia,
Tu eSmaki erTxel iyidis vinmes suls, ukan aRar abrunebs. isini isev
emorCilebodnen kremlidan TavianT “suzerens”. igi maT ukrZalavda
urTierTobas daumorCilebel respublikasTan, sadac prezidenti
496
iyo sufTa adamiani, romelic ar iyo gasvrili aTeisti - komunistis
bileTiT – Tavisufali respublikis damoukidebeli prezidenti,
kavkasieli demokrati. me xazs vusvam, igi iyo ara ubralod demokra-
ti, aramed k a v k a s i e l i demokrati da WeSmaritad morwmune qris-
tiani. me verc ki warmomidgenia zviadi komunistebidan demokratebad
gardaqmnil adamanTa Soris. zviadi brwyinavda Tavisi siwmindiTa da
keTilSobilebiT. igi gaxda mowame Tavisi xalxis TavisuflebisaTvis
brZolaSi. igi movida, rogorc ganmaTavisuflebeli da Tavisi misiis
Sesrulebis Semdgom, RmerTma TavisTan waiyvana. albaT, msgavsi pre-
zidentebis dro jer ar damdgara.
1977 wels zviad gamsaxurdiam dawera statia “kacobrio-
ba dilemis winaSe”, saidanac momyavs amonaridebi da citatebi.
es aris Zalian kompaqturi traqtati, sadac Tezisebad aqvs Camoyali-
bebuli Tavisi swavlebis ZiriTadi debulebebi sazogadoebis ganvi-
Tarebis Sesaxeb.
“kapitalistur qveynebSi adaminebma unda moaxerxon gaTa-
visufleba snobizmisgan, komfortis siyvarulisagan da ga-
morCenis kultisagan. xolo socialistur qveynebSi adamiane-
bma unda daZlion SiSi, viwro egoisturi Caketiloba, asocia-
luroba, samoqalaqo dezertiroba, filisteruli TviTkmayo-
fileba, agreTve Tavis motyueba fsevdo-opozicionerobiT.
Sen seirnob didi qalaqis quCebSi, sargeblob komfortiT, msaxurob,
mogzaurob sazRvargareT, “afrqvev opoziciur azrebs” megobrebis
viwro wreSi. sityvebiT – gmiri xar, xolo saqmiT – Tavs arideb Ta-
visuflebisTvis brZolas. Sen sul ar gadardebs bedi im adamiane-
bisa, romlebic banakebsa da cixeebSi imyofebian, klaven, aavadeben
TandaTanaboT, aseT cxovrebis wess, mihyavxar degradaciisken, amo-
ralurobisken. SesaZloa, bolos Sen SegZuldes Seni TanamoZme, ro-
melic ibrZvis simarTlisa da sikeTisaTvis. Sen misTvis igoneb sxva-
dasxva gansazRvrebas: “ucnauri”, “don kixoti”, “poziori”. iqeqebi
mis wvrilman naklovanebebSi da akritikeb. mokled, ginda daamtkico
Seni gzis samarTlianoba, romelsac daRupvisken mihyavxar. magram sa-
marTlianobis sakurTxevelze Seni sicocxlis dadeba, ueWvelad mi-
giyvanss sikeTisa da simarTlis saTavesTan – RmerTTan!”
es aris zviadizmis ZiriTadi postulati – simarTlisaTvis
msxverplSewirva. es kavkasiuri pasionariis ZiriTadi ideaa.
Tqven qarTvelebo, Stormis dros gemze myofi adamianebis msga-
497
vsad, bortidan borts exeTqebiT. yvelfers am qveyanaze aqvs dasas-
ruli da Cvens ubedurebasac bolo moeReba. SvebiT amovisunTqavT da
davubrundebiT zviad-ganmaTavisufleblis swavlebebs.
dae, iyos RmerTi keTili da mowyale Cvens mimarT.
30 seqtemberi, 2013 weli.
498
àr gaTeTrdebis yorani...~
opoziciur politikur ZalTa gaerTianebam, ukanasknel wlebSi

sruli kraxi ganicada. amgvari Sedegi imTaviTve cxadi da mosa-
lodneli iyo, vinaidan, èrovnul sabWod~ wodebul politikur
ajafsandalSi aravis araferi moekiTxa: arc zneoba, arc morali,
arc damsaxureba, arc patriotizmi, arc warsuli Ralati da arc-
Tu saxelmwifo danaSauli; èrovnul sabWoSi~ yvela tipis avan-
tiuristisTvis aRmoCnda adgili. Sesabamisad, òpozicionerad~
wodebuli romeli lideri, xelisuflebis romel warmomadgenel-
Tan awarmoebda saidumlo molaparakebas (levan gaCeCilaZe, goga
xaindrava, daviT gamyreliZe, daviT usufaSvili), veravin akon-
trolebda.
saakaSvilma zustad uwyoda ra opoziciis realuri saxe, mzakv-
robiT ajoba maT da `gafarCakebuli~ warmoaCina.
warsuli mware gakveTilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, opoziciis cal-
keul warmomadgenlebSi aSkaraa mcdeloba, aRar ahyvnen demagogias
da viwro partiul gaerTianebebze Sejerdnen. am tipis gaerTiane-
baze deklaracia ukve gaakeTes: irakli alasania – respublike-
lebi, axali memarjveneebis liderebma, agreTve, konstantine gam-
saxurdia – akaki asaTiani gia maisaSvili guguli maRraZis oTxTa
kavSirma da sxva. ramdenadac saimedod da bunebrivad gveCveneba
konstantine gamsaxurdiasa da giorgi maisaSvilis politikuri ka-
vSiri, imdenad arasaimedo da arabunebrivia guguli maRraZisa da
akaki asaTianis tandemi gamsaxurdia-maisaSvilTan. akaki asaTianze
ver vityviT, rom igi Secdomebs uSvebs, akaki asaTiani, bunebiT
qvabavazakia! SeTqmulebis Teoria, misTvis organulia, raSic Cven
amjeradac davrwmundiT da warsuli SeTqmulebis araerTi masalac
gamovaqveyneT Cveni gazeTis me-17 nomerSi (2008 w. maisi). rogorc
vuwyiT, akaki asaTiani brZandeboda damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
pirveli prezidentis uzenaesi sabWos spikeri, romlis erTgule-
bas dRemde urcxvad gveficeba da dRemde utifrad acxadebs, rom
`zviad gamsaxurdias CemTvis RalatSi brali ar daudiao~. asaTian-
is mamxilebel statiaSi `qvabavazak politikosTa triumfi~ Cven,
499
dokumentebTan erTad gamovaqveyneT misi feSenebeluri samsarTu-
liani saxlis fotoc, romelic man qveyanaSi arsebuli ukidure-
si siduxWiris wlebSi (1993-95) aiSena yofili akofianis, amJamad
sulTniSnis q. №1-Si (vercxlis quCis perpendikularuli quCa), im
imediT, rom asaTiani aRar gaagrZelebda xalxis `darwmunebas~ Ta-
vis ùcodvelobaSi~. Cveni, gazeTis zemoxsenebuli nomeri (№17), ak.
asaTians, sakuTari saxlis fostis yuTSi CavudeviT, raTa waekiTxa
da dadumebuliyo, magram amaod.
Cven iZulebuli varT, kvlav SevaxsenoT sazogadoebas akaki asa-
Tianis moRalaturi wasruli.
dokumenti № 1.
mimarTva qarTvel tradicionalistTa kavSirisadmi
1990 wlidan saqarTvelos erovnul moZraobaSi TvalsaCino
rols asrulebda qarTvel tradicionalistTa kavSiri, romel-
ic imTaviTve daupirispirda moskovis suk-is mier Seqmnil cru
monarqistul moZraobas saqarTveloSi. am kavSiris lideri akaki
asaTiani aRiarebda, rom moskovma es cru moZraoba Seqmna saqarT-
veloSi WeSmaritad erovnul ZalebTan dasapirispireblad. tradi-
cionalistebi Sevidnen `mrgval magidaSi~ da acxadebdnen, rom mx-
ars dauWerdnen mxolod legitimur arCevnebs da am gziT arCeul
kanonier xelisuflebas. maTi programa da deklaraciebi yovelnai-
rad gamoricxavdnen kolaboracionizms imperiul ZalebTan, isini
emijnebodnen moRalate cru partiebs, mxars uWerdnen kanonier
parlamentsa da prezidents. aman ganapiroba Cemis mxriv mxardaW-
era Tqveni moZraobisa, agreTve akaki asaTianis kandidaturisa
uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris postze, amasTan 1991 wels tradi-
cionalistTa kavSiris yrilobaze me amirCies am kavSiris sapatio
wevrad.
mdgomareoba mkveTrad Seicvala imperiis mier inspirirebuli
putCis dReebSi. b-ni akaki asaTiani meryeobda, yovelnairad cdi-
lobda Tavi aeridebina putCisti deputatebis dagmobisaTvis da
bolos saerTod gaecala brZolis vels viTomdac avadmyofobis
sababiT. Semdeg igi uecrad gamoCnda zugdidSi, sadac xalxs mou-
wodebda ar wasuliyvnen kanonieri xelisuflebis dasaxmareblad
da ar mieRoT monawileoba brZolebSi. aseTive agitacias eweoda
igi quTaissa da sxva qalaqebSi. amJamad cnobilia, rom mas put-
500
CistebTan ideuri naTesaoba akavSirebda. xolo ukanasknel xanebSi
gamoikveTa misi aliansi SevardnaZis neokomunistur mafiozur xun-
tasTan. a. asaTiani, z. bokuCava da sxvebi dRes xuntis cru arCev-
nebis propagandas ewevian, Tanac xalxis mxardaWeris mosapoveblad
acxadeben, rom isini viTomdac mxars uWeren kanonier prezidents.
a. asaTianma, romelmac Tavisi Tavi gadamdgarad gamoacxada,
xolo kanonieri parlamenti daSlilad, dRes yovelnairad cdi-
lobs xeli Seuwyos mafiozur xuntas cru parlamentis Sekowi-
webaSi aralegitimuri arCevnebis gziT, Tumca kargad uwyis, rom
namdvili arCevnebis daniSvna mxolod kanonieri parlamentis pre-
rogativaa.
es yovelive aris, agreTve Ralati WeSmariti monarqistuli ide-
isa, rogorc saqarTvelos samefo taxtis kanonierma memkvidrem gi-
orgi (xorxe) batoniSvilma ganacxada, saqarTveloSi monarqia Sei-
Zleba aRdges mxolod kanonieri xelisuflebis gadawyvetilebiT,
xalxis nebisa da konstituciis gadawyvetilebiT. uzurpatorebs,
putCistebs, xalxis nebis abuCad amgdebT ki ara aqvT ufleba Ta-
visTavs uwodon monarqistebi an tradicionalistebi. dRes savse-
biT naTelia, rom a. asaTianis tradicionalistTa kavSiri gax-
da kolaboracionistuli organizacia, romelic upirispirdeba
kanonier xelisuflebas. amis gamo vauqmeb Cems sapatio wevrobas
Tqvens kavSirSi da mogiwodebT yvelas, visTvisac Zvirfasia Cveni
erovnuli moZraobisa da WeSmariti konstituciuri monarqizmis
idealebi, dastovoT cru tradicionalistTa rigebi da protesti
gamoucxadoT antitradicionalist putCistebTan da saxelmwifo
damnaSaveebTan aliansSi myof Tqvens liders, rogorc moRalates
erovnuli moZraobisas da kanonieri xelisuflebisas.
dagmeT SeTqmuleba saqarTvelos kanonieri taxtis winaaRmdeg,
SemouerTdiT Cvens rigebs!
zviad gamsaxurdia
1992 wlis 21 ivnisi
501
dokumenti № 2.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias 1993 wlis 19 ianvris video-
mimarTva qarTveli erisadmi, vixsnaT saqarTvelo
citata: `... mrgvali magididan Cven gavricxeT isini, vinc Cirqs
scxebdnen mas. kerZod, gavricxeT e.w. merab kostavas sazogadoeba,
romelic arcxvenda am udidesi pirovnebis saxels, gavricxeT cru
tradicionalistebi asaTianis meTaurobiT...~ (gazeT àRdgoma~, №
3(31), 30 ianvari, 1993).
dokumenti № 3.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mimarTva saqarTvelos
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobisadmi
citata: `... rkonTan da Tbilisis zRvasTan aliansSi myofi,
kanonieri parlamentis Signidan amfeTqebeli ak. asaTiani dekem-
ber-ianvris sisxliani putCis dros ganerida dedaqalaqs, viTom-
dac avadmyofobis sababiT, raTa daerwmunebina dasavleT saqa-
rTvelos aboboqrebuli mosaxleoba, prezidentsa da parlaments
araferi uWirT, nu waxvalT maT dasaxmareblado~ da a.S. (gazeTi
àRdgoma~, № 7, 28 Tebervali, 1993).
`putCisTvis~, opoziciam, TvalsaCino aqtiuroba daiwyo 13

dekembers da dasrulda 6 ianvars, anu sam kviraSi. `gamojanmr-
Telebuli~ asaTianic maleve dabrunda dedaqalaqSi da xuntis
xelisuflebasTan (sigua-ioseliani-kitovani-yaryaraSvili) ka-
pitulanturi Sekreba gamarTa, jer kinos saxlSi, xolo Semdgom
filarmoniaSi, sadac ukve kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis momx-
re aTiaTasobiT adamiani miawyda. mZlavrma protestma asaTiani ai-
Zula uari eTqva xuntis mier SeTavazebuli kapitulaciis teqstis
xelmoweraze. filarmonia alyaSemortymuli iyo aTiaTasobiT mo-
mitingiT, romlebic asaTianis misamarTiT skandirebdnen: àr gabe-
do!~, `moRalate!~ xelmoweris SemTxvevaSi igi xalxis risxvas axla
ukve namdvilad ver ascdeboda. realuri iyo safrTxe aRelvebuli
xalxis mier misi fizikuri moSTobisa, miuxedavad imisa, rom mas
xuntis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi icavdnen. Rrmad varT darwmunebulni,
rom xuntas, asaTianis sicocxle, dokumentze xelmoweramde sWir-
deboda, xelmoweris Semdgom ki misi dacviT didad ar Seiwuxebdnen
502
Tavs. asaTians, rogorc Wkvians da gaiZveras, ar gauWirdeboda mo-
salodneli safrTxis ganWvreta da eqstremaluri viTarebis Sesa-
bamisadac moiqca, dokuments xeli ar moawera!
asaTians Ralati da orguloba,
rom sisxlSi aqvs gamjdari es sul
axlaxanac dadasturda; rogorc wer-
ilis dasawyisSi aRvniSneT, asaTianma
politikuri aliansi Sekra konstan-
tine gamsaxurdiasTan, guguli maR-
raZesa da gia maisaSvilTan, rac mas
avaldebulebda maTTan SeTanxmebul
moqmedebas. àr gaTeTrdebis yorani,
rac unda xexo qviSiTa~-o, es xalxuri
andaza akaki asaTianis msgavs pirovne-
bebzea naTqvami. misma qvabavazakobam da sadukevelobis mavne
Tvisebebma am urTierTobaSic iCina Tavi, rasac konstantine gam-
saxurdiasa da gia maisaSvilis sajaro gancvifreba da ganawyeneba
mohyva. 20 marts ratomRac mxolod `kurieriT~ gadaica parlamen-
tar giorgi TargamaZisa da akaki asaTianis erToblivi `brifingi~
saxelmwifo mowyobis Sesaxeb, xolo saRamos, igive `rusTavi-2~-ze
nino SublaZis Toq-Sou `poziciaSi~ kvlav vixileT TargamaZisa da
asaTianis tandemi, romlebmac kidev erTxel daadastures, rom isi-
ni erToblivad ibrZoleben qveynis saxelmwifo mowyobaze da rom
maTTvis yvelaze misaRebia avstriuli modeli: fiqtiuri preziden-
ti, parlamenti da kancleri (ar aris gamoricxuli, rom isini Ta-
namdebobis ganawilebazec SeTanxmdnen fiqtiuri prezidentis Ta-
namdebobaze, albaT TargamaZe, xolo kanclerobaze asaTiani).
Toq-Sous eTerSi pirdapir CarTulma konstantine gamsaxurdiam
da gia maisaSvilma, verc gaoceba da verc wyena damales asaTian-
is sruliad moulodneli saqcielis gamo da ganacxades, rom isini
mis saqcielze aliansSi imsjeleben. studiaSi myof asaTians odna-
vadac ar dastyobia uxerxuloba sakuTari qmedebis gamo, aramed
Seecada Toq-Sous wamyvan SublaZisaTvis gadaebralebina momxdari,
rac Jurnalistma argumentirebulad ukuagdo.
orgulobisa da veragobis kidev erTi faqti-faqtad; CvenTvis
aranakleb damabnevelia `tradicionalist~ ak. asaTianis politi-
kuri orientaciis sakiTxi. Tavisi partiuli kuTvnilebis mixed-
503
viT, igi TiTqos, tradiciul saxelmwifo mowyobis instituciebs
monarqiul da respublikur, saparlamento mmarTvelobas unda emx-
robodes. amis nacvlad ki igi saxelmwifo mowyobis sruliad axal
models Sereul mmarTvelobas gvTavazobs. prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias mier Ralatsa da cru-tradicionalistobaSi mxilebuli
akaki asaTiani, Tavis adgils, albaT, cru-fsevdoopozicioner da
masaviT daxvewil aramzada TargamaZis gverdiT daimkvidrebs da
erToblivad Seecdebian, yovelgvari erovnuli tradiciebis amoy-
iravebas. TargamaZis mTavari saarCevno piroba, rom parlamentSi
SesvlisTanave ibrZolebda marTlmadideblobis saxelmwifo reli-
giad dakanonebaze, dRemde, saTanado gaJRerebas elis.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №20 2009 w.
504
besarion guguSvili TviTlustrirebas ganagrZobs!
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis mimdinare gamoZiebis

procesTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos prokuraturam fineTis ga-
moZiebis biuros gaugzavna moTxovna, dakiTxon fineTSi emigrire-
buli premieri besarion guguSvili, rogorc mowme prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias damamZimebel garemoebebSi mkvlelobis saqmeze da misi
dakiTxvis procesze qarTuli mxaris daswrebac moiTxova, razec gu-
guSvilma kategoriuli uari ganacxada da mxolod kiTxvarebze wer-
ilobiTi pasuxis gacemaze daTanxmda. amgvar araordinalur reJimSi
elfostiT warimarTa kidec dakiTxva, romelsac fineTis kanonebis
Sesabamisad uZRveboda ufrosi gamomZiebeli susana porola.
aRniSnuli informacia da dakiTxvis teqstebi besarion guguS-
vils ganTavsebuli aqvs sakuTar veb-gverdze (https://zg1993.wordpress.
com/gugushvili_interrogation_2015/).
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis pre-
mier-ministri besarion guguSvili, dakiTxvaSi, pirdapiri wesiT
monawileobis uaris safuZvlad iyenebs xuntisturi mTavrobis 1993
wlis 16 Tebervlis dadgenilebas e.w. vice-premier avTandil mar-
gianis xelmoweriT, romelSic misi TqmiT „sagangebodaa aRniSnu-
li, rom z.gamsaxurdias sikvdilis TviTmxilvelebi ar miiReben
monawileobas gamsaxurdias sikvdilTan dakavSirebul araviTar
gamoZiebaSi (paragrafi 3. ). me moviTxov qarTuli mxarisagan pa-
tivi scen sakuTar valdebulebebs“ – acxadebs guguSvili.
ai aseTi imperatiuli toniT da arasaxelmwifoebrivi midgomiT
iZvrens Tavs sakuTari valdebulebidan savaraudo damnaSave, –
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis SeTqmulebaSi monawile
besarion guguSvili, rac Riad da aSkarad miuTiTebs imaze, rom
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias premieri da xuntis vice-premieri
margiani aliansSi iyvnen urTierTTan da sruliad Tanxmierad mo-
qmedebdnen, ris safuZvladac oficialuri dokumenti „dadgenile-
bac“ ki gaaformes, ris dacvasac dResac ase didgulad da urcxvad
iTxovs qarTuli mxarisagan guguSvili. guguSvili iqve gvamcnobs,
rom «im dResve {anu 5 ianvars} TbilisSi CeCneTidan samTavrobo
delegacia gafrinda. aseTi operatiuloba, garda Wirisuflobis
bunebrivi grZnobisa, imiTac iyo gamowveuli, rom prezidentis
505
gardacvalebis Sesaxeb cnobis gavrcelebisTanave j.ioselianma
ganacxada: „gamsaxurdia CeCnebma Tavad mokles groznoSi da
gvami saqarTveloSi Camoitaneso“ (?!- l.c.).
besarion guguSvili saqarTvelos prokuraturis gamoZiebidan
Tavis daZvrenis erT-erT kozirad, agreTve iyenebs: „reJimi,
romelic dRes saqarTvelos marTavs warmoadgens mtrul mx-
ares da igi araa kanonieri/legitimuri“. Tumca, uSualod Se-
vardnaZis xuntistur xelisuflebasTan guguSvili Tanxmier
aliansSi imyofeboda, ramac mas dRemde moqmedi sruli da myari
usafrTxoebis garantiebi Seuqmna.
sagulisxmoa, rom dekember-ianvris saxelmwifo gadatrialebis
SefasebaSi igi ruseTis imperiis definicias iyenebs da mas “samo-
qalaqo omad” moixseniebs, rodesac Tavadac kargad uwyis, rom
realurad 1991-93 wlebSi saqarTveloSi ruseTma ganaxorciela
samxedro intervencia saqarTvelos xelaxali aneqsia-okupaciis
mizniT, risTvisac (rogorc 1918-21 wlebSi) sayrden Zalad gamoi-
yena qarTveli kolaboracionistebi (agentura), rogorc xelisu-
flebis SigniT, aseve xelisuflebis gareT moqmedi politikuri
(iaraRasxmuli) opoziciis saxiT.
Tavis internet-dakiTxvis pasuxebSi, guguSvili, gamomZiebel
susana porolas, monotonurad warudgens Tavs „TviTmkvlelo-
bis TviTmxilveli mowmed“ da saboloo daskvnis saxiT ucxadebs,
rom : „rogorc z.gamsaxurdias TviTmkvlelobis TviTmxilveli
mowme, me ar miviReb monawileobas araviTar gamoZiebaSi, rome-
lic klasificirebulia, rogorc mkvleloba“.
cxadia, guguSvilma bolomde mtkiced unda daicvas e. Sevard-
naZis xuntis xelisuflebisadmi micemuli piroba prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias „TviTmkvlelobis“ mtkicebis, raTa mis, rogorc
„oqros mowmis“ sagogmanebel saxels, Jangi ar moedos da imedi ar
gaucruos moRalateebs da mkvlelebs.
besarion guguSvili TviTlustrirebas ganagrZobs!
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ 48, 2016 wlis aprili.
506
murman lebaniZes
Zveli da uZvelesi aRmosavluri teqstebi: induri, tibeturi,

Cinuri, iaponuri ase iSifreba da ase iSifreboda mudam, magram Sen-
gan gansxvavebiT, aravis arasodes ar uTqvams, isini gadavyaroTo.
XX saukunis adamianebi, TavianTi saqmeebis sxvebze ukeTesad
mcodneni, erTmaneTs SenobiT mimarTavdnen da mec, mowyaleo
xelmwifev, momeci neba mogmarTo SenobiT da ara TqvenobiT.
am leqsSi, zemoT moyvanil oTx striqonSi, sakacobrio tkivil-
ia gadmocemuli. CemTvis yvela ena Zvirfasia, romliTac adami-
anis sanukvari fiqri da gancda gamoiTqmeba, gamoixateba. ise am
katrens arc keTilxmovaneba aklia da arc riTma. Tu ar miwyen,
davZen imasac, rom masTan SedarebiT bevri Tanamedrove poetis
leqsi marTlac „mijRarkul-mojRarkulia“, magram amis Sesaxeb
sxva dros...
aq ki erTi ram unda ganvacxado mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT: me-
gruls dRes msoflioSi arsebuli verc erTi ena ver Seedreba
leqsikuri mravalferovnebiTa da mistikuri Sinaarsis momcvelo-
biT. ase, rom is aravis sasacilo da saRincilo ar aris. gvijobs
mivxedoT imas, tvini azrovnebisaTvis rom ar gvivarga, ise ga-
mogvilayes igi komunistebma cru ideebiTa da ganuxorcielebeli
miznebiT. diax, gvijobs mivxedoT amas, movaqcioT igi ukompromiso
TviTkontrolis qveS da rogorme mivaCvioT normalur fiqrsa da
gansjas, azrovnebas.
axla ki sxvaTa naazrevsac gadavavloT Tvali, isinic Sennairad
fiqrobdnen neta? mivmarToT akaki wereTels: “megruli dRes sal-
aroa namdvili qarTuli sityvebisa. aRmosavleT saqarTvelos dah-
kargvia namdvilad qarTuli sityvebi, maT nacvlad TaTrul-somx-
uri-sparsuli SemouRia, romelic qarTvelis yurs cudad eCxireba
da gulsa swyens.
megrul enaSi ki Semonaxulan obol margalitebad is Zveli si-
tyvebi, Cven vurCevT Cvens mwignobrebs meti yuradReba miaqcion
megruls, rom iqidan amokrefili sityvebiT Seivson dRes maTi Se-
laxuli qarTuli leqsikoni”.
es ki im poetis ubis wignakidan aris amowerili, romeli po-
etic Sen Zalian giyvars: „avtobusSi bevria SavebSi Cacmuli
megrelebi, megreli qalebi da maT Zlier SveniT mgloviare-
507
ba.... didebulia megrelis zrdiloba! kidev ufro sainteresoa
– roca isini erTmaneTSi saubroben. gaxsendeba mamia gurielis
sityvebi: „da tkbilis eniT– megruliT uyvars Cemi gajavreba“.
ici vin aris am sityvebis avtori? galaktionia, Cveni galaktioni!
xedav, ori geniosi midgas gver-
diT, akaki da galaktioni! ori ki
ara sami! mamia guriels ras
uwuneb?! man xom Tavisi didebuli
leqsiT– „adamiani“ erTwamierad
mainc Cauqrola da gamohkra frTa
genialobas da es sami Zlieri
suli sityvisa, roca damcvelad
midgas, erT murman lebaniZes arc
unda gagqce pasuxi, erTi uxeiro
naleqsaris gamo... simarTle rom
giTxra, sxva dros aseTi ram arc
momividoda azrad, radganac sxva dros igi arc gamaxarebda da arc
gamanawyenebda, magram... da swored es magram aris mTavari!
dRes bevri, Zalian bevri qarTveli akeTebs imas, rac saqarTve-
losaTvis, qarTveli erisaTvis mters unda! es uvicoba ki ar aris,
uvicobaze uaresi – sibiCverea!
rac Seexeba eduard SevardnaZes da eduardis mimdevrebs, isi-
ni yvela erTad da cal–calke, mainc da mainc im saqmianobisaT-
vis arian Tavdadebulni, rac ruseTs aqvs dagegmili saqarTvelos
winaaRmdeg... dagegmili ki, arc meti arc naklebi, – saqarTvelos
sruli daqucmaceba da qarTveli eris fizikuri ganadgurebaa... sa-
dReiso amocana ki aseTia: rogorc adre samaCablo da afxazeTi,
axla samegrelo unda CamoaWran saqarTvelos.
vinc amas ver amCnevs, is an politikuri daltonizmiTaa daa-
vadebuli, anda yalbi da uglimi proletaruli internacional-
izmis libri aqvs gadakruli gonebis Tvalze... xolo kacobri-
obisaTvis arc erT ideas ar moutania, imodena ziani, ramdenic
proletariatis marqsistulma ideam moutana. es iyo pirdapiri
modernizacia ukve moZvelebuli „dahyavi da ibatonesi“! oRond
„ibatones“ nacvlad Casmuli iyo: „dahyavi da aiTvise“! es ki Tavis
mxriv pirdapir miswreba iyo msoflios dapyrobis ideiT ise er-
Tianad gaJRenTili erisaTvis, rogoricaa rusi eri; ruseTisaTvis
sruliad arasakmarisia batonoba, aucilebelia dapyroba da asim-
508
ilacia, amitomac aitaca ruseTis inteligenciam es idea Tavis
droze da am inteligenciis naSieria, rusuli komunistur–bolSe-
vikuri sistema, romelmac gamoiwvia meore msoflio omi, omi, ro-
melSiac Senc monawileobdi.
asea saqme da Sen mainc da mainc, axla moginda megruli enisa da
agreTve sulis, vinaidan ena sulia xalxisa, gatrizaveba. mizezad
ki daidev is, rom ormoci Tu ormocdaaTi wlis winaT, mavanma
xalxuri sityvierebis doneze „vefxistyaosani“ Targmna megrulad.
piradad me oTxi aTeul welze metia, rac adamianTa saxeebs ki
ar vumzer, aramed Sinaarss umzer am saxeebisas. aseve didixania,
rac nawerebs ki ar vkiTxulob, aramed vayuradeb adamianis sulis
im xveulebs, sadac es sityvebi aRiZrnen da Senc kargs izam, Tu
Rrmad daukvirdebi sakuTari fsiqikis im Sreebs, saidanac am leq-
sis sityvebi gaCndnen... wvrTna unda, wvrTna im nervebs, romelTa
vibraciamac gamosca es Sinaarsi. wvrTna ki yovel asakSi SeiZle-
ba, Tu cnobierebis naTels mivasxivebT, jer kidev erTob mcired
ganaTebul, an sruliad gaunaTebel miriadze miriad ujredsa da
qsovils, riTac TiToeuli CvenTaganis Sinaarsebaa moqsovili.
erTi qarTveli fiziologi werda: „dRes msoflioSi 12 miliar-
di kilogrami Tavis tvini muSaobso yoveldRiurad“ raTqmaunda,
igulisxmeboda adamianis Tavis tvini.
es roca wavikiTxe, me maSin ase Tu ise vicnobdi am saukunis
kacobriobis mowinaveTa Tavis tvinis namuSevar–namoqmedarT... ma-
gram mainc gamielva fiqrma: amaT Soris xuTi milioni qarTveli-
caa– meTqi da gamixarda...
mere da mere, roca avcmukdiT, avcundrukdiT, avkuntruS-
diT aTasnairad... komunistur-komkavSirul-uSkomuri bzikebSemj-
darni – asormocdaaT partiaSi ganvibnieT da samasi sxva da sxva
dasaxelebis gazeTebSi mimovifanteT, – es Cemi saamayo xuTi mil-
ioni kilogrami cocxali Tavis tvini uTavisqalebod SemrCa xelSi
da masSi mimdinare procesebi brounis cdebis Sedegebs daemsgavsa,
romelic aduRebul wyalSi molekulebis moZraobis wesrigs ikv-
levda, –cdebis Sedegebs, romlebsac albert ainSteinma „qajebis
rokva“ uwoda.
mere yvelaferi Tavdayira davayeneT: samaCablo da afxazeTi
ruseTs CavabareT, samegrelo xuTjer gavasworeT miwasTan! mur-
van yrus aqeT aravis Caudenia samegreloSi is, rac „mxedrionma“
da e.w. „gvardiam~ gaakeTa.
509
qarTveli politikosebi Tavsac ityueben da atyueben imaTac,
romelTa codnac ar codnas udris, Torem mcodnes isini ver
moatyueben.
samegrelo da megrelebi, sam cecxls Sua moaqcies: pirveli
cecxli rusebma Seugznes, meore qarTlelebma e.w. ìberieleb-
ma“ da mesame –afxazebma da afxazeTis mxares mebrZolma Zalebma.
pirveli da mTavari cecxli, mainc moskovidan movida: megrele-
bi samagaliTod unda dasjiliyvnen! ratom? moskovma ver ipova
samegreloSi kaci, romelic im rolis Sesrulebas ikisrebda, rac
afxazeTSi iTava arZinbam. aseT kacs isini samocdaaTiani wlebis
dasawyisidan eZebdnen sanTliT. am werilis avtorTanac iyvnen:
man isini binidan gamoyara... werilic miadevna, romlis Sinaarsi
am erTi winadadebis garSemo iyrida Tavs: „rogor?! Tqven gindaT
oriaTasi wlis ganmavlobaSi nawameb da naoxeb, ersa da qveyanas xe-
rxemlis malebi gamoacaloT“?! albaT sxvebmac ase ukuagdes maTi
veraguli winadadeba: „axla eseni iseT kacs eZeben, romelsac me-
grelebi daujereben da gahyvebian... es kaci SeiZleba cixeSiac mox-
vdes, magram mas imxela didi pirovneba daicavs saqarTveloSi, rom
TviTon is da yvela misiani dazRveulni iqnebian, rogorc sicocx-
lisa da janmrTelobis mxriv, ise materialuradac“.
diax, pirveli cecxli ruseTma SeunTo samegrelos: „isini san-
imuSod unda daisajon, radganac maT ar surT is, rac afxazebma
ukve 1954 wlidan daigemovnes“.
aseTi iyo moskovis uxmo xma, usityvo sityva politikuri...
dasjis xerxebi da meTodebi ki mas uTvalavi hqonda: Zveli da
uZvelesi, axali da uaxlesi, yvela droisa da xalxisa da amas mi-
matebuli Tavisi, sakuTari: komunistur-bolSevikuri –! yoveli
mecnieruli aRmoCena: samedicino, fsiqiatriuli Tu fsiqologiu-
ri, fizikuri Tu qimiuri, biologiuri Tu fiziologiuri, social–
ekonomikuri Tu politikur-komfliqtologiuri sadamsjelod iyo
Seswavlili, gamowvliluli...
vinaidan iberiuli da kolxuri modgmis gaerTianebis Sedegad
Seiqmna „saqarTvelos“ da „qarTvelis“ cneba, – aucilebeli iyo
maTi urTierT dapirispirebac.
meore cecxli megrelebs saqarTvelos yvela kuTxidan da TviT
samegrelodan gamosulma kuTxur–provinciuli Waobis lamiTa da
leyepoTi gazrdilma loqoebma SeunTes...
diax, isini arc erTi ar iyvnen qarTvelebi! isini iyvnen me-
510
grelebi, gurulebi, imerlebi, qarTlelebi, kaxelebi da sxvani da
sxvani, kuTxur–provinciuli SxamiT gaJRenTilni...
aba, qarTveli, WeSmariti qarTveli, „sulis sinaTliTa da az-
ris siRrmiT“, cnobierebis ZalisxmeviT amaRlebuli kuTxurobidan
saerTo qarTvelobis donemde, is samegrelos arasodes daarbevda,
mamis Tvalwin qaliSvils gaupatiurebas ar daupirebda...
aq me Zalian miWirs Tavis Sekaveba, es Cems raionSi moxda: komu-
nistebis mier aRzrdilma aramzadebma da araraobebma mamis Tval-
win uwlovan gogonas moundomes gaupatiureba, raTqmaunda, uiara-
Ro mamam erT avtomatian briyvs mougrixa kiseri da avtomati unda
exelTa, magram am dros meorem gverdidan daayara tyviebis jeri,
mama Caikeca da gaTavda... mere kidev eZebdnen im gogonas, romel-
mac mimalva moaswro.
axla ki unda gaCumdeT yvela!...
vici, eduard SevardnaZe mainc ar gaCumdeba, radganac mas poli-
tika dResac sicruisa da cbierebis xelovneba hgonia, xolo visac
1944 wlis 16 ivlisis Semdeg politika maTematikasaviT uzustes
mecnierebad ar miaCnia da kidev raRacis xelovneba hgonia, is Ta-
namedrove msoflios kargad ar icnobs, vinc ar unda iyos igi–
qarTveli, rusi, ingliseli, germaneli, frangi, amerikeli... aRmo-
savleTeli Tu dasavleTeli...
da swored dros CamorCenili kacobriobis bralia dRevandeli
politikuri boriali.
aseT politikas mesveuri hgonia Tavisi Tavi da ara msaxuri.
mas xalxis, Tundac sakuTari eris, Tavi sibriyvisa da siClungis
sadguri hgonia da am WrilSi mamis Tvalwin qaliSvilis gaupati-
ureba, iseTive dakveTa SeiZleba iyos, rogorc samaCabloSi akvnis
bavSvis Cacxrilva akvanSive tyviiT da axalgazrda kacis moWrili
TaviT fexburTis TamaSi gagris stadionze.
WeSmarit qarTvels ra sWirda 150 sapartio da 300 sagazeTo?
provinciuli uvicoba da mdare emociuri afuebuloba imalavs
Tavis Tavs am partiebsa da gazeTebSi, proeqtebsa da gegmebSi,
feletonebsa da krosvordebSi, anekdotebsa da Rimil–RincilSi.
WeSmariti qarTveli arasodes ar dasvamda sakiTxs ase: jer
demokratia da mere damoukidebloba! WeSmarit qarTvels araso-
des ar aereoda erTmaneTSi erovnuli da sociologiuri sakiTx-
ebi ise, rogorc es Cvenma filosofosebma moisibrZnes 1990–1991
wlebidanve.
511
WeSmariti qarTveli arasodes moatyuebs sakuTar ers!
WeSmarit qarTvels gamorCeulad uyvars saqarTvelo da ara erTi
romelime kuTxe misi... koridaze gamosayvan xariviT bnelSi gaz-
rdilTa namReria esec: `qarTl-kaxeTi, imereTi, guria da raWa,
yvela Cemi samSobloa samegrelos garda“ es `raWa“ da `garda“ ar
aris riTma da Tu samomavlod kidev dagWirdaT es leqsi `gardas“
nacvlad `knaWa“ mivuriTmoT. am erT striqons me SegeweviT. ai ase
`qarTl-kaxeTi, imereTi, guria da raWa, yvela Cemi samSobloa... me
tvini maqvs knaWa“ komunistur-bolSevikurma sibnelem da kuTx-
urobam marTlac knaWa tvinebiT gaavso saqarTvelo.
aba ras erCiT am uwyinar leqss?! jer iyo da Sen Caekinklave,
mas wavwvdi da Zirfesvianad movTxareo: Turme ar Tu ver mog-
iTxria, radganac samegrelo Senad ar migaCnia. Seni leqsis meore
strofis Semdeg es strofi ugergilo diplomatiaa,sxva araferi.
meore da risi momTxreli xar, Tu Zma xar?! samorines karebTan
sarevela, rom dagxvdes, rogorc nomer pirveli poeti, saCveneb-
el TiTs gaiSver win da gascem gankargulebas, moiyvaneT muSebi,
moaTxrevineT da gasamrjelo gadauxadeTo... da swrafad Sin Ser-
gav Tavs.
ici, iq samegreloSi, am strofs ubiri xalxi mReroda. Sen ki po-
eti xar da Seni leqsi amaze uaresia, ufro Sxamiania...da saerTod
iq, sadac RvarZlia, poezias ra unda! sadac poeziaa, iq RvarZli
da myralbalaxa ar xarobs, magram amaze sxva dros. axla movrCeT
barem am sami cecxlis ambavs.
mesame cecxli megrelebs TviT afxazebma da afxazeTis mxa-
res mebrZolma Zalebma SeunTes. ratom?! Tqven rom ar qarTve-
lobdeT, Cven aq, afxazeTSi, araviTari problema ar gveqnebodao.
gaigone,murman, dainaxe Tu rogoria saqmis namdvili viTareba!
mdinare kodorTan gzis gadaketva da devnilTa svaneTis mTebis
gadavliT gamoyvanac SeTanxmebuli nabiji iyo. vinc gadaurCa im
wamebis gzas, isini axla zamTar-zafxul, xan nawvimari wyliTa da
xan ki ofliT gaRvarulni aq TbilisSi, quCa-quCa dawanwaleben da
miknavlebuli xmiT Tavazoben myidvelebs : `xaWapuri“! `xaWapuri“!
`xaWapuri“! `puri“! `puri“! `karenni“ Tbiliselebi ki amboben `jiSa-
mosawyvetebi xarTo, `Tqveni jiSi da jilagi amowydeso“, es aq dab-
la- quCaSi Tqven ki ki iq maRla, poeziis olimpze Sxamsa da cofs
anTxevT, iRvarZlebiT da iRvarZlebiT. dRes, axla, sami, xuTi an
aTi milioni samxreTafrikeli, rom Camovides moskovSi da ganacxa-
512
dos yvelam erTad... Cven rusebi varTo, maT gulSi Caikravs mTeli
ruseTi. Tqven ki ra gemarTebaT? oriaTas welze metia, rac me-
greli xmis CaxleCamde gahkivis, me qarTveli var, venacvale Cems
saqarTveloso! Tqven ki eRincilebiT da eqilikebiT uglargaju-
lad. mTeli am rusul-komunistur-bolSevikur epoqaSi neli Sxam-
iviT moqmedebda qarTvelTa ase dakninebisa da gakuTxurebis, eris
folklorizaciisa da tvingamobnelebis veragulad Semoparebuli
gegmebi. samocdacxra wlis kaci var axla da SemWama am `megreli“
`megrelis“ ymuilma yovel nabijze.
es iyo am sami aTeuli wlis winaT. danjRreuli avtobusi mijay-
jayebs erT-erT gareubanSi, sami Tu oTxi usuari gamorbis misken.
mZRols gavZaxe bavSvebi gamorbian, gauCere-meTqi. gaaCera da kare-
bic gaaRo. bavSvebi CemTvis mTeli sicocxlea, vzivar da gaRime-
buli Sevcqeri maT. amovidnen ukana karidan erTmaneTis miyolebiT
da gamouyvnen dorebs Sua gasasvlels. mewinaves eubneba mimyo-
li: gadadi ufro win, Se dedalo Sena! winmimavali ubRvers:vinaa
dedali,Se megrelo!~ axla es eyinCeba: `megreli Sena xar me ki ara.!“
gavSri,gavqvavdi, Semadna saxeze es siamis Rimili. ufro adre,
sasursaTo maRaziaSi vdgavar da velodebi Cems jers. ori-sami kaci
midgas win. Tavisi seqciidan gamovida gazinTulxalaTiani oraski-
logramiani eqskrementis qarxana,molayunda sigaretis gamyidvel
qalTan jujRunebs: `Seni megreli deda m.....n, Seni ici ras gizam?!~
kmara! unda viyviro, xalxo vinaxarT Tqven! ra dagiSaveT!
saukuneSi sadac da rodesac yvelaze mZime da Zneli iyo namdvili
qarTveloba, maSin Tqvenze ukeTesad Tu ar miqarTvelia, ukeTe-
sad ki ara namdvilad Tu ar meqarTvelos, Semircxves maSin sin-
dis-namusi da gamiskdes is miwa, sadac vdgavar.....
kinofilmebSi, TeatrebSi, vaimoZrabebsa da uileqsebSi me-
grelebis gatrizaveba-gabaibrueba am saukunis ormocdaaTiani
wlebidan xom esTetikur xarisxSi aiyvana politikurma dakveTam,
tvinaRrZoobobam da uniWobam. kargi ram sTqvi Torem cudi da
Savi, brma da bneli blomadaa moquCebuli yvela kuTxeSi. ratom
ar aswavliT rigianad akaki wereTlis `naTelas simReras“ bavSvebs
imereTSi, guriaSi, raWaSi, leCxumSi, qarTlSi, kaxeTSi?! samegrelo-
sken xuTjer `gamoseirnebul `mxedrionelebsa“ da `gvardielebs“
ra etyobodaT am SesaniSnavi qmnilebis anaTvisari?! me mesmis
dampyrobeli dapyrobils arasodes ar aZlevda imis uflebas, rom
swavla-ganaTlebis sistema sakuTari xalxisTvis fsiqologiurad
513
mizanSewonili yofiliyo. komunistur-totalitarulma reJimma ki
mTlianad daasamara es saqme CvenSi da qveyana naswavli uvicebiT
gaavso...swored amis mizezia es amdeni Sxorkali da sxmartali, yve-
las erTi gasaWiri rom gvadgas da yvela sxvasasxva mimarTulebiT
rom miaWenebs, interviuebis Weqa-quxili romaa da erTi azriani si-
tyva, rom ar Cans. herman heses romanis gmirma, rioSi margalitebiT
TamaSis magistrma, iozef knextma, rogorc etyoba romanis avto-
ris sikvdilis Semdeg SeiZina interviuebis ekvilibristikiT
or napirs Soris gaWimul bagirze gadasvlis unari da codna.
meoce saukunis meore naxevris qarTuli poezia, proza, mxatvroba,
musika, Teatraluri da kinoxelovneba, romlebic avtorebma saku-
Tari eris da samSoblos ganadgurebis fasad mihyides sakuTarsave
ersa da samSoblos – aris kolonizebuli xalxis xelovneba. es xe-
lovneba Serigebulia am kolonizacias. xsenebuli periodis qar-
Tuli sityvieri xelovneba ki provincializmiTa da yalbi efeqteb-
iTaa gamoxruli.
axla sityva-sityva, striqon-striqon CavuyveT Sens leqss
da vnaxoT Tu ras warmoadgens igi. poeturi Tqma SeiZleba iyos
bundovani, gaugebari, Cauwvdomeli, magram mis fskerze arc erT
SemTxvevaSi uazroba ar unda ilandebodes. rac arsebobs cnobier-
ebis velze, imaT Soris umSvenieresi – es aris poeturi simarTle,
poeturi sicrue ki ar arsebobs, vinaidan Tu sicruea, is arapo-
eturia. fuRurosityvaoba xelovnebis kiboa.
mtkvarTan Woroxs da engurs, rions da texurs, iors da
aragvs xmis amoRebis ufleba, rom ar aqvs – es absurdia. rac
Seexeba qarTulTan megrulis Sepirispirebas, esec emociur
simarTles moklebulia, radganac megruli amas arc apirebs.
`Tqven duSmans sityva uqcied saqmed“ am striqonSi poeturi mar-
to marcvalTa raodenobaa. sxva mxriv, es poeturi striqoni ki
ara, saSineli braldebaa, romelsac damtkiceba sWirdeba. winaaRm-
deg SemTxvevaSi ciliswamebad aRiqmeba da pasuxisgebas moiTxovs.
mainc romel mters uqcies megrelebma sityva saqmed?
gorbaCovisa da lukianovis davalebiT SeTqmuleba xom ar mou-
wyves saqarTvelos kanonier xelisuflebas?
bepaevs xom ar Txoves jari qvemexebi rusTavelis prospeqtis
misalew-mosalewavad? iqneb baltinis samxedro-sazRvao armada Se-
usies Tanamemamuleebs?
afxazeTi da samaCablo xom ar gausxvisebiaT?
514
an es ras niSnavs? `Tqven sxva aRZariT Tqvens martiv glexSi“.
rTuli glexi romelia netav?
Zveli msoflios istoriis specialistebi da xalxTa migraci-
is sakiTxebze momuSave mecnierebi aRiareben miwaTmoqmedi xalx-
ebis, maTi profesiuli saqmianobidan gamomdinare gapasiurebas,
ris gamo, momTabare da mesaqonle tomebi maT xSirad ipyrobd-
nen xolme. es debuleba marTalia da CvenTvisac sagulisxmo azrs
gamoTqvams. garda amisa migvaniSnebs imazec, rom yvela glexi
martivia da cxadi. yvela dampyrobeli rTuli da gaurkveve-
li. oRond am simartiveSi sinaTlea im sirTuleSi simRvrive.
es erTi, meoreda ra sxva aRvZariT Cven Cvens martiv glexSi?
qarTveli axalgazrdebis sakmaod mniSvnelovan nawils iwevri-
anebdnen da wvrTnidnen am saukunis samocdaaTian, oTxmocian
wlebidan saperestroikod. ese igi qarTveli erisave gasanad-
gureblad zombebad zrdidnen. maT Soris yvela kuTxisani iyvnen
da, raTqma unda raodenobrivad megrelebi ufro metni unda yo-
filiyvnen, vinaidan gakuTxurebis moyvarulTa TvalTaxedviT
zviad gamsaxurdia da merab kostava megrelebad iTvlebodnen,
koministuri gagebiT ki maT ganadgurebaSi megrelebsac unda
daedoT wili. es iyo, sxva mxriv megrelebs araferi dauSavebiaT.
axla isev citati: àq amboben qarTvelebs mravali mteri hyavso,
SesaZloa, me ki sxva ram mafiqrebs, qarTvel ers mxolod erTi
mteri hyavs, es aris TviTon qarTveli eri. pirvelyofili codo
qarTveli eris istoriisa: daundobloba, gautanloba, Suri, Rvar-
Zli erTmaneTSi. unda moispos es codo, riTi? swored im niWis
gaRrmavebiT, romelic akakis acocxlebda...am niWs ori cecxli
aqvs geniis cecxli, romelic SemoqmedebiT Seiyvans qarTvelobas
msoflioSi da gulis cecxli, siyvarulis cecxli, romelic gan-
wmends qarTvelTa daberebul Tvisebas. viwvodeT am ori cecxliT“.
ase mimarTa grigol robaqiZem qarTvel sazogadoebas 1915 wels
akaki wereTlis samoqalaqo panaSvidze.
ai esaa saqme!!!
esaa saqme da ara is, risTvisac Sen gaisarje.
yovel qarTvels evaleba dRes ise, rogorc arasdros, sakuTar
cnobierebaSi aRbeWdos es sityvebi da gulmodgined iRvawos Rrju
da kuTxuri, daberebuli Tvisebebisgan Sinaarsebis gawmendisa da
msoflio sivrceSi eris Rirseuli warmoCenisaTvis! axla mainc Tu
ar movkideT am saqmes bejiTad xeli, sul male aRvigvebiT miwis
515
piridan, an risi maqnisia erTmaneTis ZiZgna-ZiZgiliT yofna da
provinciuli ofofebis mwyemsva.
minaweri pirveli – ar miyvars citatebiT gawyoba sakuTari
nafiqralisa, magram kidev erTxel unda mivmarTo am xerxs. amJa-
mad Tqveni filosofosi, merab mamardaSvili, unda moviSvelio. is
Tqvenia ara imitom, rom Svilze umTavrdeba gvari, aramed imitom,
rom komunisturi da Semdgom gardaqmnisdroindeli sityvaareu-
li sivrcis kacia.. bevri ram mainc yuradRebamisaqcevia mis naaz-
rev-nasityvarSi. es ki gamoTqmis sisruliTa da Sinaarsis simar-
TliT TiTqmis yvelafris momcvelia komunistur sinamdvileSi.
`Tqven albaT ver warmoidgenT, ra mimzidveli da damarwmunebe-
lia totalitaruli azrovnebis simartive, is Txevadi sawamlavia,
romelic bevrad ufro efeqturad moqmedebs, vidre cenzura da
avtorebis devna, is Signidan gRrRnis. is Signidan iWreba tvinSi da
es Zalze momxiblavia, realurad gizidavs. saidan modis es xibli?
iqidan, rom aseTi azrovneba nebas gaZlevs Tavi Wkviani gegonos,
daijero, rom yvelaferi gesmis. Tavze yovelgvari Zaldatanebis
gareSe zogadad adamiani zarmacia. amitom is spontanurad uerT-
deba imas, rac mas hpirdeba raRacad gagxdio, yovelgvari muSaobi-
sa da muyaiTobis gareSe“- merab mamaradaSvili-`saubari ani epel-
baunTan“.
mTel sabWoTa kavSirSi, erTeuli gamonaklisebis garda, yvela
Semoqmedi da mecnieri, yvela gonebisa da cnobierebis kaci daneb-
da am xibls da man daabnela gonebac da cnobierebac, saqarTvelo
ki pirdapir gaanadgura aman. usasizRresia es xibli.
araraobiT moxiblulno gamoiRviZeT, Torem iRupeba eri da
qveyana!
minaweri meore – iyo `genaTi“ gaxda `gaenaTi“ axlaa `gela-
Ti“ Cemi bralia, Cemo Zmao, imisTvis WinTva, rom yvelaferi `Seni“
iyos da ara `Cveni“?! ra davaSave? quTaiss hqonda Tavisi kultura,
ise, viT yvela uZveles qalaqs... misteriuli iyo igi, misteriuli...
mere gaqra, lajebSi amoivles velurebma... mere movida movida
ufro didi, daxvewili gelaTis suli, macxovruli da misteriuli,
mecnieruli. dRes sdums gelaTi. quTaisSi komunsituri nihili da-
dis da miwasTan asworebs yovels.
gelaTis suli unda aRsdges saqarTveloSi! iyalTos suli unda
aRsdges saqarTveloSi! Tumca erT-urTis ZiZgna maSinac Zlier
gviyvarda `brWyalsa Cemsa umzeren sasafrTxod sulisa Cemisao“,
516
swuxda petriwi da mainc sad is dro da sad es bnelJami? sad Wao-
bis emociebi da sad kidev ankara wyaro, an mokamkame CanCqeris
Cqrola?!
gelaTis suli unda aRsdges, gelaTis suli! iyalTos suli unda
aRsdges, iyalTos suli..rionis piras unda ganaxldes is kolxu-
ri akademia, sadac swavlobdnen kolxebTan erTad Zveli berZnebi.
ganaxldes, magram marto abrebiT, marto umizno, uazro TvlemiT
ki ar ganaxldes...
unda ganaxldes sxivmosili sulis zeimiT!
axal-axali sawvrTnelebi tvinisa da tanis unda Camwkri-
vdes mcxeTis gulidan yazbegamde, myinvarwveramde... da Savi
zRvidan mestiamde, uSbis Ziramde... iseve rom moxdes didi
sinTezi... aRmosavluri da dasavluri gzebi isev, rom erT-
maneTs SeuerTdes, rom amobrwyindes mze mesame aTaswleuli-
sa, kacis mier sakuTar TavSi mxecis daZlevis mze amobrwyindes.
apolon adonia
Tbilisi, 1999
es statia, batonma apolonma, Cems gazeTSi moitana dasabeWdad,

magram mis sicocxleSi ver movaswari gamoqveyneba da wignSi davbe-
Wde – l. c.
517
badri zarandias mkvlelobis „zviadistobasTan“
dakavSirebis gamo...
zugdidis yofili samxedro komendanti (1993 w.) da yofili

politpatimari (1994-2000 w.w.) badri zarandia, 2003 wlis 8 ianvars
zugdidis centris mdebare patara kafeSi, daudgenelma pirebma
Cacxriles. am periodisTvis, badri zarandia „mxedrionis” lider
jaba ioselianTan iyo aliansSi da masTan erTad Seqmnili e.w. ” qa-
rTvel patriotTa kavSiris” zugdidis organizaciis lideri gax-
ldaT. am saxelwodebiT moqmedi badri zarandias SeiaraRebuli
dajgufeba aqtiurad upirispirdeboda „nacionaluri moZraobis”
axalgazrda frTas. swored maT CaSales, 2002 wels, m. saakaSvilis
saarCevno Sexvedra zugdidis amomrCevlebTan darbazSi SeWriT, iq
areulobis SetaniTa da fizikuri dapirispirebebiT. imave wlis
2 ivniss daniSnul adgilobriv arCevnebze ki, badri zarandias
jgufma, zugdidSi, daarbia saarCevno ubnebi da gaitaces saarCev-
no yuTebi.
cnobilia, rom badri zarandia CarTuli iyo sxvadasxva bi-
znes-saqmianobaSi, kerZod – iaraRisa da navTobproduqtebis,
rac savaraudod SeiZleboda gamxdariyo misi mkvlelobis mizezi
konkurenti kriminaluri jgufebis mxridan. Tumca, ar aris gam-
oricxuli, rom misi mkvleloba Sedioda SevardnaZis xelisuflebis
interesebSic misgan momdinare axali safrTxeebis gamo (samegre-
loSi destabilizaciisa da kriminogenuli viTarebis), ramac ganap-
iroba indiferentuli damokidebuleba zarandias mkvlelobisadmi
da gamoZiebis Sewyveta xelisuflebis mxridan.
sagulisxmoa rom, zarandias mkvlelobidan, sul raRac oriod
TveSi respublikur saavadmyofoSi moulodnelad gardaicvala
(2003 wlis 4 marti) jaba ioselianic, ris oficialur mizezad
insulti dasaxelda, xolo araoficialurad ki gaJRerda eWvi, rom
jaba mowamles.
orive versia (kriminaluri da politikuric), periodebis gaaz-
rebiTac, polarulad gvaSorebs badri zarandias mkvlelobis dakav-
Sirebas prezident zviad gamsaxurdias „momxreobasTan“. am versiis
518
faqtad warmoCinebas, didi mondomebiT Seecada erovnuli moZrao-
bis aqtivisti irakli Sonia, badri zarandiasTan misi piradi urT-
ierTobis gamo. ir. Sonia pativiscemiT iyo ganmsWvaluli badri
zarandias mimarT da sikvdilis Semdgomac inarCunebda misdami sim-
patiebs zugdidSi yoveli Casvlisas misi saflavis monaxulebiT.
b. zarandias Ralats
prezident zviad gamsax-
urdiasadmi cxadhyofs
zarandias „mibrunebac”
jaba ioselianTan. zaran-
dia, Tavisi SeiaraRebu-
li dajgufebiT, vaxtang
(loTi) qobalias samxe-
dro SenaerTis msgavsad,
movaleobisamebr ar erT-
gulebda prezident zvi-
ad gamsaxurdias, ramac sabolood (erTobliobaSi) gansazRvra
yovlismomcveli katastrofuli Sedegi, rogorc erisa da qveynis
winaZe, aseve prezidentis pirovnuli tragediis mimarTac.
radgan, b. zarandias konteqstSi v. (loTi) qobalias saxelic vax-
seneT, barem, misdami naTelvyoT irakli Sonias damokidebulebac;
Sonia, aseve keTil-megobrul da mWidro urTierTobaSi iyo loTi
qobaliasTanac, ris gamoc igi xSirad iRebda kritikas prezidenti-
sa da Tavisuflebis ideis erTgul erovnuli moZraobis warmomad-
genlebis mxridan. Sonia ki maT „zviadistebis seqtad“ moixseniebda
da sxva saZulvel epiTetebsac ar iSurebda erovnuli moZraobis
erTgul, samxedro Tu samoqalaqo gvardielebis mimarT.zugdid-
Si Tu TbilisSi igi, restornul sufrebze, siamovnebiT ilxenda
xolme moRalate loTi qobaliasTan. Sonia, telekompania „obieq-
tivSi“, sasaubrod iwvevda, aramarto loTi qobalias, aramed goga
xaindravasac da dadebiT pirovnebebad warmoaCenda maT. Sonia,
aseve axlo megobrul urTierTobaSi iyo xuntis JurnalistebTan:
irma inaSvilTan, bondo mZinariSvilsa da maka razmaZesTanac.
2017 wels telekompania „iberiaze“ bondo mZinaraSvilma
gangvicxada: „akoceT kitovans t-ze, rom ar yofiliyo kitovani,
sigua rom ar yofiliyo da SevardnaZe rom ar yofiliyo,, aravin
da araferi ar viqnebodiT. Cvens Taobas, saqarTvelo waarTviT
519
maSin!...“ agreTve saeWvo kavSir-
Si iyo policiis maRalCinosan
goga(goderZi) pavlaZesTanac,
romelic arbevda erovnuli moZ-
raobis mitingebs. Sonia polici-
is arc sxva maRalCinosnebTan
erideboda keTilurTierTobebs.
badri zarandia ki, garda
kriminaluri bunebisa, „memuare-
bis~ weriTac saocrad hgavda
jaba ioselians, ris produqta-
dac, zarandiam, „dRiurebi~
dagvitova, xolo ioselianma ki,
wignad dastambuli, „sami ganzomileba“. unda iTqvas, rom orive
maTganma, TavianTi werilobiTi danatovariT, metad mniSvnelovani
informaciebi gaamJRavnes sakuTari garemocvis SigniT arsebuli
„kuluaruli~ bataliebisa.
amdenad, badri zarandias mkvlelobis raime niSniT dakavSireba
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias periodTan da miTumetes, saxelTan,
kategoriulad gamosaricxi da mcdaria!
konstantine da cotne gamsaxurdiebma, 2017 wlis 27 marts,
zviadis mkvlelobis gamoZiebis moTxovniT Catarebul preskon-
ferenciaze, zviadis mkvlel-mdevarTa jgufSi garkveviT daasaxe-
les badri zarandiac Tavisi SeiaraRebuli jgufiT.
leila comaia.
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“,
2015 wlis oqtomberi, №46
P. S. 2018 wlis 15 agvistos, internetSi daido, Jurnalistebis

qeTi sesiaSvilisa da gigla gobeCias Jurnalisturi gamoZiebis
video. videoSi, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias meomrebi, Tengiz
da mirian qardavebi yvebian, rom badri zarandiam gangvicxada:
zviadis CemTan yofna xels miSliso. da zviadis Camocilebas
cdilobdao.
520
batono besarion, SeTqmulebasa da mkvlelebis
mfarvelobaSi gadanaSaulebT!
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gam-

saxurdias gardacvalebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Semswavle-
li saqarTvelos parlamentis droebiTi komisia (Tavmjdomare –
palamentari konstantine gamsaxurdia) muSaobas ganagrZobs. imis
gamo, rom `nacionaluri moZraobis~ saparlamento umravlesobam,
komisias, sagamomZieblo statusi ar misca, SeTqmulebaSi monawile
savaraudo eWvmitanilebi, xelis aqneviT amboben uars komisiasTan
TanamSromlobaze (guguSvili, SevardnaZe...).
komisiis muSaobas, aseve didad aferxebs da azaralebs saWiro
Tanxebis uqonloba. saparlamento umravlesobam, vera da ver gaime-
ta, komisiis mier moTxovnili 10 000$ ucxoeli eqspertebisaTvis,
risi mizeziTac maTi mowveva dRemde ver xerxdeba. es im realoba-
Si, rodesac, saakaSvilis xelisufleba, asi aTasobiT dolars xar-
javs garTobis industriis da bulvar–Sadrevnebis mSeneblobebSi.
aSkaraa, e. SevardnaZis memkvidre saakaSvili, ar aris dainter-
esebuli prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis saqmis real-
uri da faqtiuri gamoZiebiT, aramed, saparlamento komisia mas
mxolod `keTili nebis~ Jestis demonstrirebad sWirdeba. saakaS-
vili valdebulia daicvas Tavisi politikuri mamisadmi micemuli
`xelSeuxeblobis~ garantia. amadac, mTavari saxelmwifo damnaSave
– putCisti da prezident gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis organizatori
– e. SevardnaZe, sruliad usafrTxod da gulmSvidad ganagrZobs
uzrunvelyofil cxovrebas krwanisis samTavrobo rezidenciaSi.
erTaderTi, vinc mis simSvides afrTxobs, es aris qarTveli eris
– erovnuli moZraobis xma – SeZaxilebi (`mkvlelo!~ `sisxliano!~),
romelic, ager ukve meore aTeuli welia, gamudmebiT ismis am `Te-
Tri melas~ rezidenciasTan da sicocxles umwarebs mas.
arsebiTad aucilebeli dafinansebis molodinSi, konstantine
gamsaxurdia, Tvidan Tvemde komisiis muSaobis gaxangrZlivebas
iTxovs, razec Tanxmobas amjobinebs saparlamento umravlesoba,
vidre igi saWiro finansebiTa da sagamomZieblo statusiT aR-
521
Wurvos. Tavad konstantine gamsaxurdia, SeuZlebelia, realurad
ar afasebdes Seqmnil mdgomareobas, magram cdilobs bolomde
gaswios Wapani da samarTleblivi SefasebisTvis vargisi daskvna
mainc dados da istoriulad amxilos saxelmwifo damnaSaveni.
Cvens mtknar Rimils iwvevs biznesmenTa (saqarTvelosa Tu saz-
RvargareT myof) sruli ugulisyuroba gacxadebuli finansuri
problemebisadmi. maSin, roca es gaqsuebuli qarTveli biznesme-
nebi, amdenive Tanxas (10 000$), uSurvelad xarjaven restornebsa
da `kruizebSi~, mecenatobas ki ar avlenen am istoriuli danaSau-
lis gamokvlevaSi. es samarcxvino faqti, Tanamedrove biznesmenTa
srul degradirebasa da denacionalurobaze metyvelebs.
es kvaWi, Tu qud–bediani personebi, mxolod `fulis tomre-
bad~ qceulan, swored da arad anaRvlebT eri da istoria. arada,
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli prezidentis
mkvlelobis gamoZieba, TiToeuli qarTvelis erovnuli Rirsebis
sakiTxi unda iyos!
saakaSvilis aSkara mfarvelobiT gulmocemuli e. SevardnaZe
da besarion guguSvili, erTnairad demagogoben, mrisxaneben: `vis
gaugia, Svili iZiebdes mamis mkvlelobas, obieqturi ìqnebao?!~
es `Cven unda gamoviZioT, erovnulma xelisuflebamo~ – gacx-
arebiT gvikiJinebs guguSvili fineTidan. – Tqveeen, batono be-
sarion, prezidentis SeTqmulebasa da mkvlelebis mfarveloba-
Si eWvmitanilma unda gamoiZioT?! mereda, obieqturi iqnebiT?!
an vin giSlidaT aqamde xels, SevardnaZesa da Tqven, gamogeZiaT,
Tundac `TviTmkvleloba~ prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasi? iqneb
is `saidumlo xelSekruleba”, romlis arseboba, sajarod (mas-me-
diiT), Tqven mxolod 2005 wels gaumJRavneT sazogadoebas da isic,
Tavdacvis mizniT?
CvenTvis ucnobia am Savbneli saidumlo dokumentis Sedge-
nis zusti TariRi (sagazeTo masalaSi miTiTebuli ar aris. sa-
varaudod, igi prezidentis iCqeriaSi gadasvenebis periodSi
Sedga), xelmomwerTa vinaoba da zusti raodenobac. dokumentis
mTavari xelmomwerni, guguSvili da prezidentis qvrivi q-n ma-
nana valdebulni arian, sazogadoebas da saparlamento komisiasac
ganumarton `xelSekrulebis~ dadebis aucileblobis motivi da
garemoebebi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, es `xelSekruleba~ Tavad amx-
els maT SeTqmulebaSi. Tu gardacvlili prezidentis qvrivi q-ni
522
manana, cxedris mopovebis (groznoSi Casvenebis) sanacvlod iZule-
bulyves daedo amgvari mZime pirobebi (eqspertizis Cautarebloba
da sxva), dRes, iseTive kategoriulobiT ratomRa ewinaaRmdegeba
eqspertizas?
besarion guguSvili xan ambobs, rom prezidenti mowamlu-
li iyoo da xanac, uaryofs. prezidenti rom mowamluliyo, amas
adastureben dacvis wevrebi zaza burjanaZe da goCa kekenaZe (ix.
àsaval-dasavali~, 2005 w. 21-27noemberi, gv. 16-19).
rostovis eqspertiziT, prezidentis cxedrisa da Svilis
cotne gamsaxurdias dnm-iT kvalificiurad dadasturebulia, rom
groznodan gadmosvenebuli cxedari, namdvilad aris zviad gamsax-
urdiasi.
besarion guguSvili, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias „TviTmkv-
lelobis“ dasturad, ratomRac imowmebs awgardacvlil eqim da-
viT jalaRonias da konstantine gamsaxurdias masTan gasaubrebas
uTiTebs (gvjera, rom emigraciaSi myofs ara aqvs informacia misi
gardacvalebis Sesaxeb). sabednierod, Tavis droze eqim jalaRoni-
asTan interviu aqvs Cawerili gazeT àsaval-dasavalis~ maSindel
korespondents q-n bela SalvaSvils. es erTaderTi interiu me da
konstantinem, q-n belasgan erTdroulad gamoviTxoveT. am vrcel
interviuSi (ix. àsaval-dasavali”, 2004, 1-14 noemberi) eqimi daviT
jalaRonia, romelmac gardacvlil prezidents balzamireba gauke-
Ta, guguSvilis naTqvamze dayrdnobiT ambobs, rom èWvi, rom sx-
vam mokla, ar arsebobda~-o. amasTanave, `... iaraRi zed safeTqelze
ar iyo midebuli, odnav Soridan aris nasroli~-o. xolo saboloo
sityvaSi interviueri eqimi jalaRonia ki acxadebs: `qarTvelma
xalxma unda icodes, rogor da ra viTarebaSi gardaicvala usay-
varlesi prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, amitom eqspertizaa saW-
iro!~-o.
ai, aseTi maRali moqalaqeobrivi da saxelmwifoebrivi TviT-
SegnebiT dagvmoZRvra Tqvens mier rekomendirebulma eqimma da-
viT jalaRoniam, batono besarion. Tqven ki, ubralo axirebuli
kaciviT mieT-moeTobT da aSkarad ar gagaCniaT premier-ministris
Sesatyvisi pasuxismgeblobis saxelmwifoebrivi gancda, aramed gan-
risxebuli ewinaaRmdegebiT prezidentis gardacvalebis eqsper-
tizasa da yovelgvari gamoZiebis samarTlebriv process, raSic
upirvelesad Tavad unda iyoT dainteresebuli, raTa ar darCes
523
eWvi Tqveni iotisodena danaSaulisac, raTa pirnaTeli darCeT
eris, qveynisa da istoriis winaSe. magram, yvelasa da yvelafris
winaSe, saubedurod, Tqven pirSavad xarT! – Tqvens Tvalwin dax-
vrites prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, Tqven icnobT prezidentis
mkvlelebs.
diax, batono besarion, saxelmwifo SeTqmulebasa da prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelebis mfarvelobaSi gadanaSaulebT!
`zviadma, Tavisi sikvdiliT, Cveni sicocxle ixsnao~ – xmamaR-
la dagcdaT iCqeriaSi, prezidentTan gamoTxovebis samgloviaro
mitingze.
Cven ki vfiqrobT, rom mamuliSvilni, sxvagvar arCevans gaa-
keTebdnen...
leila comaia
2010 wlis oqtomberi, #26.
524
besarion guguSvili sicruis tiraJirebas ganagrZobs!
2012 wlis dekemberSi, besarion guguSvilma gamosca wigni

cinikuri saTauriTa da cinikuri dizainiT „mkvlelobis dakveTa“.
wignis gamocema kidev erTi mcdeloba gaxldaT, rom besarion gu-
guSvils ganemtkicebina prezident zviad gamsaxurdias „TviTmkv-
lelobis“ Tavisive SeTxzuli versia. Cven, sagazeTo statiiTa da
gancxadebiTac, maSinve gamovexmaureT xsenebuli wignis gamocemas;
dResac migvaCnia, rom wigni da besarion guguSvilis statiebic,
romliTac gayalbebul-gamrudebulia simarTle, prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias ukanaskneli dReebis Sesaxeb, emsaxureba erTaderT
mizans: pasuxismgebloba aacilos eduard SevardnaZis, ruseTis
imperiidan dafinansebul xuntas, zviad gamsaxurdias devni-
sa da mkvlelobisaTvis, xolo Tavad ki kvlavac SeinarCunos
usafrTxoebisa da xelSeuxeblobis garantiebi emigraciaSi,
saidanac igi arasodes apirebs dabrunebas!
mas Semdeg, rac saqarTve-
los prokuraturam, 2016 wels,
rogorc iqna, prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias gardacvalebis
garemoebebis saqme, „TviTmkvle-
lobis“ versiidan „mkvlelobis“
versiad gadaakvalificira, b.
guguSvilma sakuTari despani,
ioseb RuduSauri moavlina
Tbiliss. emigraciidan movle-
nili ioseb xuduSauris sagange-
bo misia gaxldaT saqarTvelos
prokraturaSi guguSvilis
zemoxsenebuli wignis ward-
gena, parlamentSi gamosvla
aRniSnul sakiTxze da wignis eka beseliasTvisac gadacema, raTa
prokuraturam da parlamentis iuridiul sakiTxTa komisiamac,
zviad gamsaxurdias saqmeze ixelmZRvanelon guguSvilis wigniT.
525
ioseb RuduSauri, saqarTvelos parlamentSi pirveli vice-pre-
mieris statusiT warsdga da moiTxova legitimuri, kanonieri (anu
besarion guguSvilis) xelisuflebis aRdgenis procesis dawyeba.
agreTve, saqarTvelos parlamentma daicvas emigraciaSi devnili
erovnuli xelisufleba gazeTebiTa (ZiriTadad igulisxmeba Cveni
gazeTi) da televiziiT warmoebuli diskreditaciisagan, Sewydes
zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis gamoZieba „TviTmkvlelobis utyu-
ari“ mtkicebulebis motiviT. „utyuari mtkicebulebebis“ doku-
mentur „dasabuTebad“ ki miCneul iqnas besarion guguSvilis wigni.
guguSvili, sakuTriv
SeTxzuli wigniT, eweva ra
sicruis tiraJirebas prezi-
dent zviad gamsaxurdias
gardacvalebis garemoe-
bebTan dakavSirebiT, zemoq-
medebs saqarTvelos proku-
raturaze da sazogadoebriv
azrzec. guguSvili, dRemde
kategoriuli winaaRmdegia
saqarTvelos prokuraturasTan TanamSromlobasa da dakiTxva-
Si monawileobaze. misi da RuduSauris pozicia, aqamde mkveTrad
radikaluri iyo, rom isini ar cnoben saqarTvelos de-faqto
xelisuflebebs, maT ara aqvT ufleba dakiTxon kanonieri xeli-
suflebis premier-ministri da, miTumetes, brali wauyenon mas!
amgvari argumentiT, guguSvil-RuduSauri Cvenc gvamunaTebda:
„vin unda gamoiZios kanonieri prezidentis mkvleloba, ukanono,
xuntismemkvidre xelisuflebam?!“
axla ki ram gamowvia maTi daTboba xuntis memkvidre „ocnebis“
xelisuflebisadmi, gamoZiebis masalebis sasamarTlosTvis gadace-
mis SiSma?! guguSvili, saqarTvelos prokuraturis gamomZiebels,
samarTlebrivi dakiTxvis alternativad sTavazobs tele-debatebs
SeuzRudavi droiT, rac araseriozuli ganacxadia. saeTero drois
finansebs ki, albaT imedovnebs, rom misi madlieri, rusuli da
ucxouri, specsamsaxurebi gadauxdian.
yovelgvari sentimentebis gareSe vacxadebT, rom zviadi imde-
nad mtkice da Seuryeveli gaxldaT Tavis sarwmunoebaSi, ìZuleb-
iTac~ ar moiklavda Tavs, rameTu mas savsebiT gaazrebuli hqon-
526
da Tavisi mowameobrivi brZola. prezidentis „TviTmkvlelobis“
zRaprebis saqarTveloSi arasodes aravis sjeroda. saqarTvelos
prokuraturam ki, xangrZlivi da profesiuli gamoZiebis kvalda-
kval gadaakvalificira prezidentis gardacvalebis garemoebebis
saqme, magram „saqmis“ sasamarTlosTvis gadacemis saxelisuflo
neba dResac ar arsebobs. amadac, besarion guguSvils, jerac Seu-
Zlia mSvidad iyos!
fineTis prokuraturas, saqarTvelos prokuraturis moTx-
ovnis safuZvelze hqonda mcdeloba daekiTxa besarion guguSvi-
li, razec sakuTari qveynis qarTveli emigrantisagan, werilobiTi
uari miiRo(ixileT dokumentebi):
fineTis gamoZiebis biuros mier besarion guguSvilis

zviad gamsaxurdias „mkvlelobis“ №7494802 saqmesTan dakav-
Sirebuli dakiTxva
fineTis gamoZiebis biuros mkvlelobebis ganyofilebis
mier Catarebuli dakiTxvis oqmebi da dakavSirebuli doku-
mentacia.
National Bureau of Investigation – Keskusrikospoliisi, Homicide Crime.
dakiTxvas uZRveboda ufrosi gamomZiebeli susana porola
dakiTxva fineTis kanonebis Sesabamisad Catarda
elfostiT, inglisur enaze mimoweris saSualebiT
21.10.2015 10:31
gamarjobaT,
Cven miviReT moTxovna (saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros
mTavari prokuroris samsaxurisgan) dagkiTxoT, rogorc mowme ba-
ton zviad gamsaxurdias (saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti 1991-
1992) damamZimebel garemoebebSi mkvlelobis saqmeze.
qarTul mxares surs daeswros dakiTxvas.
kanoniT daSvebuli araa gadmogceT qarTuli mxaris oficial-
uri moTxovnis asli (saqme №7494802), magram SemiZlia mogawodoT
SekiTxvebis nusxa, romelzec gvWirdeba Tqveni pasuxebi.
dakiTxvisas geyolebaT mTargmneli. romeli enaa saWiro, Tqveni
mSobliuri ena rusulia, qarTuli?
Tu Tqven ar gsurT qarTuli mxaris daswreba, amis gadaWra Seu-
527
Zlia Cvens mTavar gamomZiebel inspeqtors baton tuorass, aseTi
sakiTxebis gadawyveta misi kompetenciaa.
Cven SegviZlia movawyoT audio dakiTxva aq, gamoZiebis biuro-
Si. es yvelaze ioli gza iqneboda. Semdeg, audio Canawers Cven ga-
davugzavnidiT qarTul mxares, ase rom maT eqnebaT SesaZlebloba
moisminon yvelaferi.
Tqveni sacxovreblis misamarTs qarTul mxares ar Sevatyo-
binebT.
saukeTeso survilebiT
susana porola
21.10.2015 13:08
susana porolas
gTxovT gaiTvaliswinoT Cemi azri da moTxovnebi.
besarion guguSvili
saqarTvelos mTavrobas miRebuli aqvs dadgenileba, xelmow-
erili vice-premieris a.margianis mier (16 Teb. 1993), romelSic
sagangebodaa aRniSnuli, rom z. gamsaxurdias sikvdilis TviTmx-
ilvelebi ar miiReben monawileobas gamsaxurdias sikvdilTan
dakavSirebul araviTar gamoZiebaSi (paragrafi 3. ixileT qve-
moT).
me moviTxov qarTuli mxrisagan pativi scen sakuTar val-
debulebebs da ar miviReb monawileobas maTs politikurad mo-
tivirebul da falsificirebul „gamoZiebaSi“ — miT umetes iseT
viTarebaSi, rodesac raime seriozuli dasabuTebebisa da damajer-
ebeli faqtebis gareSe — z.gamsaxurdias TviTmkvleloba klas-
ificirebulia rogorc mkvleloba.
aseve, sagangebod unda aRvniSno, rom saqarTvelos (faqtobrivi)
mTavrobis zemoTxsenebuli dokumentis Sesabamisad saqarTvelo-
Si arasodes Catarebula z. gamsaxurdias cxedris sasamarT-
lo-samedicino eqspertiza, da es garemoeba nebismier gamoZiebas
kanonier safuZvels moklebuls xdis.
sxva mxriv, me mzad var vupasuxo da visaubro qarTuli mxa-
ris nebismier SekiTxvebze Riad, sajarod – saqarTvelos nebi-
smieri popularuli satelevizio arxis gamoyenebiT“.
528
besarion guguSvils, iZulebuli varT SevaxsenoT, rom igi 1994
wlidan aRar aris prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mTavrobis pre-
mier-ministri da igi unda daikiTxos, rogorc TviTmxilveli da
mowme (ix. misi gadayenebis dokumenti):
„saqarTvelos respublikis konstituciis“ 104,23-e, 123-e da

124-e muxlebze dayrdnobiT, 1994 wlis 1 aprilis sxdomaze miRe-
bul iqna saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos dadgenileba
– „saqarTvelos respublikis premier ministris Tanamdebobidan
ganTavisuflebis Sesaxeb“: „saqarTvelos uzenaesi sabWo adgens:
1. ganTavisufldes dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan saqarTvelos
premier ministri batoni besarion guguSvili; 2. es dadgenileba
ZalaSia miRebisTanave.
droebiTi Tavmjdomare b. ColoyaSvili
grozno, 1994 wlis 1 aprili.
besarion guguSvili, aseve, amave periodidan, krebis gad-

awyvetilebiT, gadayenebulia wm. ilia marTlis sazogadoebis Tav-
mjdomareobidanac, misi saqarTveloSi aryofnis gamo.
maSasadame, besarion guguSvils araviTari samarTlebrivi mo-
tivi ar gaaCnia, saqarTvelos prokuraturasTan TanamSroblobaze
uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb.
kvlavac migvaCnia, rom mis pirdapir interesebSi unda Sediodes
simarTlis dadgena prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gardacvalebis
garemoebebTan dakavSirebiT, Tu mas ar aSinebs da afrTxobs Tavisi
wili danaSauli am istoriuli mkvlelobis dakveTaSi...
leila comaia
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ #57, gv. 8, 2018 w.
529
arCevnebis sas(t)aulebi!...
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ufrosma Svilma, yofilma par-

lamentarma konstantine gamsaxurdiam, mZime socialuri mdgomare-
obis gamo, kvlav parlamentaroba gadawyvita da am mizniT igi e.w.
patriotTa alianss gaurigda, romlis wardginebiTac igi maJori-
tar deputatobis kandidatad abaSa-martvilSi iyris kenWs.
samwuxaroa, rom post-zviadistur xelisufalTagan, arcerTs
ar aRmoaCnda politikuri neba(valdebuleba) Sesaferisad daesaqme-
bina damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis Svilebi,
garda umcrosi giorgi gamsaxurdiasi, romelic SevardnaZis xeli-
suflebis periodidan dRemde sxvadasxva Tanamdebobebze uwyvetad
muSaobs
xelisufalTagan amgvarma srulma ignorirebam, wlebis ganmav-
lobaSi, seriozuli socialuri problemebi Seuqmna umuSevrad
darCenil gamsaxurdiebs, gansakuTrebiT - konstantines, romel-
ic ojaxis dangrevis Semdgom sacxovrisis gareSec darCa da mas
bankidan aRebuli msxvili sesxiT sakuTari saxlis aSenebis saW-
iroeba daudga, bankis yovelTviuri procentebi ki TiTqmis sru-
lad „ylapavs“ mis mizerul Semosavals.
SevardnaZis xanidan am dromde, saqarTvelos parlamentSi, im-
deni odiozuri da karikaturuli figurebi vixileT, maT fonze,
konstantine gamsaxurdias parlamentaroba, namdvilad dadebiT da
sasurvel movlenadac unda miviCnioT, magram e.w. patriotTa alian-
sTTan (romlis sruli Semadgenloba zviad gamsaxurdias erovnu-
li mTavrobis aqtiur mowinaaRdege-mebrZolTa dass warmoadgens),
maTTan integrirebas swor (Tundac moralur-zneobrivi Tvalsaz-
risiT) da samarTlian gadawyvetilebad ver SevafasebT; zneobriv
kompromisze wasvlas, CvenSi jer kidev, arcTu yvela amomrCeveli
(xalxi)uxuWavs Tvals ubralod. es is SemTxvevaa, rodesac perso-
nas (deputatobis kandidats) maRal (maqsimalistur) moTxovnebs
uyenebs eri „zviadis Svilobis“ gansakuTrebuli statusidan ga-
momdinare da mtkivneulad ganicdis am statusis gaTelvas.
„patriotTa aliansis“ liderebs (irma inaSvili, Tarxan moura-
vi) emateba akaki asaTianis figurac, ramac erTob daamZima (raTqma
530
unda, ara woniT...) konstantines saarCevno sareitingo foni, Tumca
rogorc gamovlinda, konstantines, aqamdedac hqonia keTilganwyo-
biTi urTierToba moRalate-kolaboracionist akaki asaTianTan;
2014 wlis 10 marts, zviadis mkvlelobis wignis, “zviad gamsaxur-
dias saqme”, wardginebaze konstantines sapatio stumrad da erT-
erT gamomsvlelad mowveuli hyavda ak. asaTianic, rasac darbazSi
myofTa absoluturi umravlesobis mwvave reaqcia mohyva...
Cven warmatebas vusurvebT deputatobis maJoritar kandidat
konstantine gamsaxurdias, Tumca vitovebT uflebas ar moviwonoT
misi aliansi kolaboracionistebTan da maTgan separaciis mosurne
viyoT!
qeTevan Wanturia(leila comaia)

gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, 50, 2016 wlis seqtemberi.
531
latavra foCiani
samSobloze mWvunvare mocekvave
zeciur sasufevels Seemata kidev erTi WeS-

mariti mamuliSvili, saqarTvelos dam-
saxurebuli da saxalxo artisti, qarTuli
erovnuli cekvis mSveneba -qalbatoni lata-
vra foCiani.
qalbaton latavras samSoblo Tvalis-
Cinzed metad uyvarda. amitomac igi, erov-
nuli moZraobis aRmavlobis pirveli dRee-
bidanve, saqarTvelos TavisuflebisaTvis
mebrZolTa rigebs SeuerTda.
qarTuli cekvis feriis SemarTeba da
sabrZolo suliskveTeba bevr vaJkacsac Se-
Surdeboda.
igi mamulis warmatebiT xarobda, mWvunvarebda samSoblos ubedo-
biT. gvaxsovs, misi mwuxareba 9 aprils sabWoTa jarebis mier galewili
sisxlis kalos gamo, gvaxsovs misi sixaruli saqarTvelos erovnuli
xelisuflebis mier saqarTvelos damoukideblobis gamocxadebisas.
saqarTvelos dedaqalaqSi, rusTavelze saerTo-saxalxo zeimisas,
ubadlo xelovans, albaT, iseTi aRmafreniT arasdros ucekvia, ro-
gorc im dRes mTavrobis saxlis win saqarTvelos usinaTlo meCongu-
reTa mier aJRerebul hangebze.
saqarTvelos damsaxurebuli da saxalxo artisti qalbatoni la-
tavra foCiani, qarTuli xelovnebis sxivnaTeli varskvlavi, Sesa-
Suri TavdadebiTa da erTgulebiT, sikeTiTa da moyvasis siyvaruliT
gamoirCeoda. ramdenadac igi didi xelovani iyo, orjer metad did-
bunovani adamianic gaxldaT. misTvis umTavresi sawuxari jvarcmuli
samSoblo iyo.
eSmas naSierebma Tavisuflebis gzaze Semdgar qarTvel xalxs
maleve waglijes bedniereba, ar daacales iveriis garwyineba.igi ar
Seegua, ar Seurigda saqarTveloSi kaenis meored mosvlas. idga iq,
sadac marTali saqarTvelo ileweboda, SesaSuri simtkiciT, Tav-
dadebiTa da vaJkacobiT erkineboda samSoblos maoxarT. igi devni-
li, jvarcmuli saqarTvelos cxovrebiT cxovrobda. ver gatexes, ver
moisyides. sicocxle jojoxeTad uqcies, magram bolomdis uerTgu-
532
la samSoblosa da misTvis tarigad Sewiruli raindebis zviad gam-
saxurdiasa da merab kostavas ideebs.
qalbatoni latavra vaJkacurad itanda ocwlian devnas, risT-
visac igi gankveTa egreTwodebulma qarTulma elitam, samagierod
asjer metad Seiyvara marTalma saqarTvelom Tavisi maRali xelo-
vnebiTa da mamuliSvilobiT, is Tavad iZleoda mamulis erTgulebis
magaliTs. samSoblos tkivili da varami sakuTar sxeulSi ganasxeula
da am satkivariT aResrula.
da gana marto is? sabednierod, qalbatoni latavra marto ar yo-
fila. avazakTa zeobas emsxverpla qarTuli xelovnebis iseTi vars-
kvlavebi, rogorebic iyvnen qarTuli Teatrisa da kinos mSvenebani,
qalbatonebi iza gigoSvili da lia eliava, Seudarebeli pianisti me-
dea faniaSvili, qarTuli saopero xelovnebis adre Camqrali vars-
kvlavi ganumeorebeli maia TomaZe
bevri usamarTloba iwvnia qalbatonma latavram am avbediT
ocwleulSi, avadmyofobas, siduxWires uzado moTminebiT itanda.
kulturis saministro arigebda mecenatTa mier dawesebul maRal
pensiebs, regven da ubir Cinovniks qalbatoni latavrasaTvis aseTi
ram uTqvams: pensia rom dageniSnoT, podiumze unda gaxvideTo (?!).
iwyina da iukadrisa. rogor Sekadres?! podiumi xom wkrialaSvilebi-
sa da begaSvilebis sajiriTo asparezia!
dRes, rodesac qarTuli “ouTube”-s sivrce gavsebulia uamravi
masaliT, masSi erTi kadric ki ar arsebobs qalbatoni latavras mier
Sesrulebuli unatifesi cekvebisa.
SevardnaZis memkvidre saakaSvilis xrovas ar aRmoaCnda neba
cekvis dedoflisaTvis didubis panTeonSi mainc mieCina ZvalTSesa-
lagi, maSin, rodesac igi Tavisi umwikvlo cxovrebiTa da genialuri
niWiTac udaod imsaxurebda mTawmindis panTeonsac.
aseTia WeSmariti mamuliSvilebis Tanamdevi bedi ZlierTa ama
qveynisa mier ganwesebuli, magram es verafers daaklebs Tqvens brwy-
invalebas Cveno dido qalbatono latavra!
aleqsandre sanduxaZe
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ 30, 2011 w.
533
ლეილა ცომაიასა და გოჩა გვასალიას პოლემიკა facebook-ზე,
2014
14 წლის 16-17 სექტემბერი.
Gocha Gvasalia
Gvasalia-მ(ა) გააზიარა ბმული.
2 საათის წინ, Tbilisi-სთან ახლოს
დღეს ბლოგში დავდე ახალი წერილი. “ახალ 7
დღეში” ადრინდელი გამოქვეყნებული. ეხება ეროვნული
მოძრაობის დამარცხებას. 10 გვერდზე ოდნავ მეტია.
შავ ბლოგში:
www.porphyreos.wordpress.com/2014/09/16/ეროვნული-იდეების-
დამარცხ/
Leila Tsomaia სიძულვილითა და ნიშნისმოგებით დაწერილი

სტატიაა, გოჩა, რომელიც დიდად აამებს პოსტ-საბჭოეთს საქართველოს
ეროვნულ-განმათავისუფლებელი მოძრაობისა და დისიდენტების
სპეცსამსახურებისმიერი იდეოლოგიური ჩაწიხვლით . მხოლოდ ბნელეთი
და არავითარი სინათლე ეროვნული მოძრაობის იდეებისა? აქ არც
ობიექტურობაა და არც სიმართლე! დასანანია!
დაახლოებით ერთი საათის წინ · Edited · მომწონს
Gocha Gvasalia ვერ გავიგე, ქალბატონო ლეილა. დისიდენტებმა

თავად გაყიდეს ის იდეები, რითაც სხვებს ანამუსებდნენ. სპეცსამსახურების
ბრალი არაა ის, რომ ეროვნული მოძრაობის ძალები დაიფანტნენ. ეს თავის
მართლება და გადაბრალებაა. მე მანდ ვიყავი წლობით და ყველაფერი
ჩემი თვალით ვნახე. ეს არის მკაცრი მსჯელობა. რამდენს ვამბობ, რომ
საჭიროა ერთიანი ეროვნული ფრონტის შექმნა. ვის არ ვეუბნები ამას
ძველი ხალხიდან. არ უნდათ. წელს ითრევენ. მე იმიტომ არ ვწერ, რომ
იაფი პოპულარობა მოვიპოვო. არც იმის ქებას ვაპირებ, რაც სინამდვილეში
კრიტიკას ვერ უძლებს. ეს წერილი შეამცირეს იმიტომ, რომ “ახალი 7 დღე”
გამოდიოდა სოროსის ფონდის გრანტით და რედაქციას არ სურდა, რომ
წერილს მეტად ზვიადისტური ელფერი ჰქონოდა. ეს მოგვიანოდ მითხრეს.
54 წუთის წინ · მომწონს · 2 (მოწონებულუი აქვს : gia bib-bibileiSvils, Ciuri
labucdze)
534
Leila Tsomaia გოჩა მე არ ვიცი რეალურად იყავით თუ არა ეროვნულ
მოძრაობაში და ვერც ვერავინ ადასტურებს ამას ეროვნულებიდან.
ჩასაფრებულის პოზიციაში თუ იყავით და ამიტომ არაფრით ჩანდით, ეს
უფრო იკვეთება ახლა. თქვენ შეგეძლოთ თქვენი კრიტიკული პოზიცია
ეროვნული მოძრაობის სხვადასხვა შეკრებებზე გამოგეთქვათ, თუ
მხარდამხარ არ იბრძოლებდით. ასეთ წერილებს ჩვენ 80-90-იან წლებში
ფსევდონიმებით გვიწერდნენ უშიშროები პარტიული მუშაკები. ეროვნულ-
განმათავისუფლებელი მოძრაობის მიერ მოპოვებულმა თავისუფლებამ ის
მაინც ხომ მოგიტანათ, რომ ასეთ წერილებს აწ უკვე ფსევდონიმის გარეშე
წერთ, ამით მაინც უნდა იყოთ კმაყოფილი დისიდენტების.
5 წუთის წინ · მომწონს
Gocha Gvasalia სად როგორ გამოვჩნდებოდი ქალბატონო ლეილა?

მაშინ ვიყავი სტუდენტი და დავდიოდი თუ სადმე რამე შეკრება იყო და
ვუსმენდი. მე არ ავდიოდი ტრიბუნაზე. მეთქვა რამე და ვინმე მომისმენდა?
ჯერ ახლა არავინ მისმენს და მაშინ ვინ მომისმენდა? რა ჩასაფრებულის
პოზიციაში ვიყავი? უშიშროება რას წერდა? ბარემ მე მითხარით, რომ აგენტი
ვიყავი და ვარ. რა არის ახლა ამ წერილში ისეთი, რომ ასე საკამათო გახდა?
რამდენი ხანია ეს წერილი გამოქვეყნებულია? განა ჩემი სახელი არ აწერია
მას? ტყუილი აქ არის რამე? ხომ არ შეიძლება ყველაფერი დაბრალდეს
უშიშროებას? მე კი არ ვიჩემებ რამეს და ძალად კი არ მოვდივარ ეროვნულ
მოძრაობაში. რაც აქ მიწერია, ესვე მიწერია სხვა წერილებშიც. როდის
ვწერდი მე ფსევდონიმით ადრე? რას მეუბნებით? თქვენ ვინ გგონივართ?
რაც დამიწერია და ჩემი სახელი აქვს ყველას მიწერილი. ფსევდონიმით
არის ჩემი წიგნი -თერიონის ვარდი- და მაშინვე ყველამ იცოდა, რომ ეს
ჩემი ფსევდონიმი იყო. წიგნშივე წერია. ერთი და ორი დისიდენტი თუ იყო
იდეური (მერაბ კოსტავა, ზვიად გამსახურდია და კიდევ ორი-სამი კაცი).
სხვები იყვნენ უცოდინარი ხალხი. ეს ხომ გამოჩნდა შემდეგ?
 15 წთ. · მომწონს · 1

Gocha Gvasalia არ შევსულვარ არც ერთ ეროვნულ პარტიაში, რადგან
გული მეუბნებოდა, რომ ამდენი მტრობა, ცილისწამება და შფოთი ქვეყანასაც
დაღუპავდა და ამ პარტიებსაც. არა, რა არის ამ წერილში სიძულვილით
ნაწერი? რაა აქ ტყუილი?
11 წთ. · მომწონს
535
Gocha Gvasalia აი საუბარმა მოიტანა და გეტყვით: მე რამდენიმე კაცმა
მითხრა, რომ ჩვენო დროის ილია ხარო. შენ უნდა იყო ახალი ეროვნული
ლიდერიო. მე ის ვუთხარი მათ, რომ არ ვარ და არ ვიქნები ილია. ილია და
ილიობა დამთავრებულია. მე არ ვიქნები ლიდერი. მე ვარ ჩემი ფილოსოფიის
შემქმნელი პორფირე და არ ვარ ილია.
2 წთ. · მომწონს
Leila Tsomaia ძალიან მკრეხელური შედარება გაუკეთებიათ...

1 წთ · მომწონს
Gocha Gvasalia ჰოდა, არ ვიქნები მე იმის ლიდერი, რაც თავიდან

შესაქმნელია მახვილით და რევოლუციის ცეცხლით.
Leila Tsomaia საქართველოს ეროვნულ-განმათავისუფლებელი

მოძრაობა ყოველთვის იყო ანტირუსულ-ანტიიმპერიალისტური,
თქვენ კი გამოკვეთილი რუსული ორიენტაციისა ხართ, ამიტომ ძნელი
დასაჯერებელია თქვენი ყოფნა ეროვნულ მოძრაობაში თავისუფლების
იდეით...
Gocha Gvasalia რუსული ორიენტაციისა ვარ და ეს ჩანს. ეს არც

დასამალია და არც საყვედრები. განა ამერიკა იმპერია არაა? განა თავად
ამერიკელი მეცნიერები არ ამბობენ, რომ ამერიკა იყო და არის იმპერია.
ქალბატონო ლეილა, ვინმემ, ეროვნულებიდან, წიგნიერმა ხალხმა, წაიკითხა
ჩემი ნაშრომები? ვინმე მათგანმა გაიმეტა ერთი სიტყვა მაინც იმაზე, რაც
შევქმენი? კარდაკარ დამქონდა ენის მანიფესტი. ნაირამ ის დაინახა და
დაბეჭდა. ვინმემ ეროვნულებიდან კრინტი დაძრა ამ ნაშრომზე? მარტო ეგაა,
რომ გამლანძღეს, რომ ნაირა კგბ-ს პოლკოვნიკია და მანდ რატომ დაბეჭდეო.
ერთს არ უთქვამს, რა დავბეჭდე და რაზეა აქ ლაპარაკი.
6 წუთი
536
Leila Tsomaia ჩვენ რასაც ვქმნიდით მისთვის მხოლოდ ლანძღვას,
რეპრესიებსა და ტყვიებს ვიღებდით.... ზვიადის მეცნიერული ნაშრომები
დღემდე არავის შეუფასებია დადებითად . ..
დაახლოებით ერთი წუთის წინ · მომწონს
Gocha Gvasalia ნებისმიერი სახლემწიფოს განვითარების უმაღლესი

წერტილი არის მისი იმპერიად ქცევა. ეს არის მარადიული კანონი
დედამიწაზე.
Gocha Gvasalia ჩვენ კი ჩვენი დაგვემართა. არსად ასე საძაგლად არ

დასრულებულა ეროვნული მოძრაობა, როგორც საქართველოში.
 14 სთ. · მომწონს · 2
Leila Tsomaia ეროვნული მოძრაობა საქართველოში, გოჩა,

დასრულდა ტრიუმფალური პოლიტიკური გამარჯვებით - საქართველოს
სახელმწიფოებრივი დამოუკიდებლობის აღდგენით ზვიად გამსახურდიას
ლიდერობითა და საპრეზიდენტო მმართველობით, მაგრამ თქვენში,
სწორედ , ეს ოქროს ხანა იწვევს სიძულვილსა და აგრესიას ეროვნულ
განმათავისუფლებელი მოძრაობისადმი და ბნელ ფერებში გსურთ
წარმოადგინოთ იგი. ეროვნულ-განმათავისუფლებელმა მოძრაობამ
ზვიადისა დ მერაბის ლიდერობით თავისი ისტორიული მისია ბრწყვინვალედ
შეასრულა, ახლა სხვა ეტაპი უდგას ეროვნულ მოძრაობას და მისი აღზევების
ჟამიც დადგება და საქართველოს გაბრწყინებით განსრულდება, რამდენიც
არ უნდა იფუთფუთონ და ივიშვიშონ სისხლაღრეულმა რუსეთუმე
მენტალურმა მონებმა.
ახლახანს · მომწონს
537
rogor gaauqmes kolaboracionalistma hamlet
WipaSvilma da Salva naTelaSvilma uzenaesi sabWo
1991 wlis Semodgomaze, sabWoTa saqarTvelos privilegirebuli

klasi, korumpirebuli partiuli da sameurneo funqcionerebi –
„Crdilovani ekonomikis tuzebi“, „kanonieri qurdebi“ da privile-
girebuli inteligencia – saqarTvelos respublikis konstituci-
uri wyobilebis dasamxobad, generalur Setevaze gadavida. am oTx
kolonas sakuTari rolebi gadanawilebuli hqondaT, magram iyo
mexuTe kolonac, romelsac hamlet WipaSvili warmoadgenda.
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos aparatis ufrosi,
samdivnos xelmZRvaneli WipaSvili, kanonier erovnul xelisu-
flebas Zirs Signidan uTxrida; sabotaJi da diversiebi, xalxis
werilebisa Tu korespondenciebis blokireba, uzenaesi sabWos
avtoritetis SebRalva, misi samoqmedo berketi iyo!
hamlet WipaSvili sabWoTa nomenklaturidan gamosuli fun-
qcioneri, diadi sabWoeTis apologet-politologi gaxldaT.
roca, misi faruli SeTqmulebiTac dadga, antikonstituciuri
SeiaraRebuli saxelmwifo gadatrialebis Jami, am mexuTe kolo-
nam, dana umal Casca saqarTveloSi konstituciur kanonierebas;
teroristuli diqtaturis damyarebisTanave, hamlet WipaSvil-
ma xelT igdo uzenaesi sabWos deputatTa Sromis wignakebi da
ukanonod gaakeTa masSi danaSaulebrivi Canawerebi, ris dasamow-
mebladac TviTneburad gamoiyena uzenaesi sabWos beWedi, Tumca
piradad, TviTneburad, namdvilad ar umoqmedia, aramed Seasrula
xuntis (sigua-kitovani-ioseliani) dakveTa, romelmac daniSna igi
uzenaesi sabWos „salikvidacio samsaxuris ufrosad“ 1992 wlis
2 ianvars. uzenaesi sabWos deputatTa „Sromis wignakebSi“ ki man
amgvari Canawer-verdiqti gaakeTa: „SeuCerda ufleba mosileba
saq. respublikis saxelmwifo sabWos gadawyvetilebis safuZvel-
ze“ da daaTariRa 1992 wlis 2 ianvriT, anu im periodiT, rodesac
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia da misi uzenaesi sabWo, jer kidev
am SenobaSi imyofebodnen da igeriebdnen xuntis Sturms.
ixileT uzenaesi sabWos erT-erTi deputatis bimurza afra-
siZis `Sromis wignakSi~ h. WipaSvilis mier gakeTebuli Canaweri:
538
539
uTuod, qvemexebisa da bombdamSen TviTmfrinavebis gruxunSi
mosdioda liafsus-Secdoma gamalebul Rvawl-amagaSi Caflul ham-
let WipaSvils, rodesac uzenaesi sabWos deputatebis ufleba-mo-
silebis SeCerebis safuZvlad, zogis Sromis wignakSi erTidaigive
TariRiT, „saxelmwifo sabWos werda“, xolo zogisaSi ki, „samxedro
sabWos“. 1992 wlis ianvar-TebervalSi ki saxelmwifo sabWo, qar-
Tul realobaSi ar arsebobda, vidre SevardnaZis Camosvlamde, anu
10 martamde.
cxadia, rom ruseTSi winaswar hqondaT dagegmili saqarTve-
loSi mebrZoli samxedro sabWos (xuntis) „saxelmwifo sabWod“
formirebis sakiTxic da xuntis organizator rusul ZalebTan
saidumlo TanamSromlobaSi myof WipaSvils, am gegmis arseboba,
cdomilebiT urevda Tav-gzas.
hamlet WipaSvilis moRalaturi qmedebis sailustraciod va-
qveynebT uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgilis baton nemo
burWulaZisa da uzenaesi sabWos wevris baton robert petriaSvi-
lis „Sromis wignakebis“ qsero-aslebs.
Cven moviwadineT interviu agveRo batoni WipaSvilisagan da

SevecadeT kiTxvebi dagvesva misTvis. batonma hamletma CvenTan
pirdapiri Sexvedra ar isurva, xolo satelefono SekiTxvebs ki
ver gauZlo da bilwsityvaobiT gaTiSa saubari. erTaderTi, raze-
dac man telefoniT gvipasuxa es SekiTxva iyo:
kiTxva: miuxedavad imisa, rom Tqven warmoadgendiT komunis-
tur nomenklaturas, sabWoTa politologs, prezidentma zviad
gamsaxurdiam ndoba gamogicxadaT da dagniSnaT uzenaesi sabWos
aparatis ufrosad, rasac Tqven RalatiT upasuxeT, dResac ama-
rTlebT Tqvens saqciels?
pasuxi: diax, savsebiT vamarTleb, radgan me daviniSne saqarTve-
los ukanalis (man ufro uxeSi forma ixmara – l.c) da ara zviad
gamsaxurdias ukanalis (aqac...) mlokavad!
kiTxva: Tqveni saqcieli metyvelebs Tu ara SeTqmulebaze
zviad gamsaxurdias...
es momdevno kiTxva nerviuli pasuxiT Semawyvetina:
– ara!
...da mobiluri gaTiSa.
diax, javaharlal nerus perifraziT Tu vityviT, hamlet Wi-
540
paSvili kolonizatoris mier aRzrdili tipiuri inteligenti
aRmoCnda!
1993 wlis 24 seqtembers respublikis devnili prezidenti zviad

gamsaxurdia qveyanaSi dabrunda da konstituciuri kanonierebis
aRdgena daiwyo. am kritikul momentSi, Salva naTelaSvilma, rome-
lic 1992 wlis 11 oqtombris xuntis parlamentis iuridiuli komi-
siis Tavmjdomare gaxldaT, gazeT “saqarTvelos respublikas”(ix.
№235(763), 29 oqtomberi, 1993 weli) ganucxada: “respublika dRei-
saTvis cxovrobs da muSaobs 1992 wlis noemberSi miRebuli ZiriT-
adi kanoniT “saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb”,
aqedan gamomdinare, samarTlebrivad Zaladakargulia saqarTve-
los respublikis 1978 wlis konstitucia, Semdgomi cvlilebebi-
TurT da masTan erTad prezidentisa da uzenaesi sabWos insti-
tutic baTilia”.
ase `gaauqma~ Salva naTelaSvilmac saqarTvelos respublikis
prezidentisa da uzenaesi sabWos instituti 1993 wels.
Salva naTelaSvilis aRniSnuli “verdiqti”gamoica im dReebSi,
rodesac eduard SevardnaZis uzurpatoruli reJimis dasacavad
saqarTveloSi SemoWrili iyo ruseTis samxedro Zalebi admiral
baltinis sardlobiT. es ki, sxva araferi gaxldaT, Tu ara, samarT-
lebrivi safaris Seqmna, saqarTvelos respublikis kanonieri xeli-
suflebis ganadgurebis samxedro operaciisaTvis.
leila comaia
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №37, 2013 w.
541
SevardnaZe gardaicvala
2014 wlis 7 ivliss 86 wlis asakSi gardaicvala saqarTvelos

mosisxle mteri, ruseTis satrapi da emisari e. SevardnaZe. im fa-
risevlebs, romlebic „aRSfoTdnen“ Cveni, erovnuli Zalebis e.w.
„antiqristianuli“ qmedebiT SevardnaZis dakrZalvis dRes, Se-
vaxsenebT Semdegs:
Cveni protesti SevardnaZis samxedro pativiT dakrZalvis gamo
gamowveulia saqarTveloSi 22 wliani usamarTlobis boginiT, sam-
Soblos moRalatisa da gamyidveli SevardnaZis dausjelobiT...
Cveni es qmedeba gamowveulia Tqvenive gulgrilobiT, sam-
Soblos RalatTan konformizmiTa da TanaziarobiT...
Tqven dumdiT, fexze gekidaT, an uSualod TanamonawileobdiT
1991 wlis 22 dekembris sisxliani dilis gaTenebaSi...
Tqven dumdiT, an xelSi geWiraT avtomati da celavdiT 1991
wlis 22 dekembris 8 saaTsa da 10 wuTze mTavrobis saxlTan mdgom
qarTvelebs...
Tqven dumdiT an tyvias gvaxlidiT, rodesac Cven am diliT mTa-
vrobis sasaxlis kibeebidan tyviis qar-cecxlSi vcdilobdiT ki-
beebze dacvenili qarTvelebis gadarCenasa da mTavrobis saxlSi
Seyvanas...
Tqven dumdiT an Tqvenive nasroli tyviiT daiRupa im wuTebSi
qarTveli fexmZime qalbatoni cicino qevxiSvili...
Tqven dumdiT an Tqveni nasroli tyvia daexala SublSi saqar-
Tvelos TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZol varaz varaziSvils, romelic
cdilobda brZolis velidan daWrili uiaraRo qarTvelebis gay-
vanas...
Tqven dumdiT an TanamonawileobdiT 1992 wlis 6 ianvridan
dawyebuli Tbilisis quCebSi mSvidobiani asiaTasobiT momitingis
sisxliani kalos galewvaSi...
Tqven dumdiT an lomis wils idebdiT samegrelos eqvsgzis
sisxlian egzekuciaSi...
Tqven dumdiT an gaTxvrili iyaviT walenjixaSi avazakTa mier
danTxeuli qarTvelebis sisxlis tborebSi...
542
Tqven dumdiT an gverdSi edeqiT SevardnaZes im dros, rodesac
is kmayofili Sescqeroda zugdidSi asfaltze dayrili udanaSau-
lo biWebis dacxrilvas...
Tqven dumdiT an avtomatmomarjvebuli ukan misdevdiT saqar-
Tvelos erovnul prezidents zviad gamsaxurdias...
Tqven dumdiT an lomis wils idebdiT saqarTvelos akuwvaSi da
siniT miarTviT ruseTis pirsisxlian imperias saqarTvelos marga-
liti afxazeTi da saqarTvelos gulisguli – Sida qarTli...
Tqveni da Tqveni kumiris SevardnaZis sulzea asiaTasobiT qar-
Tvelis iZulebiTi devniloba da jojoxeTad qceuli maTi cxovre-
ba...
Tqvens kiserzea afxazeTsa da Sida qarTlSi dacemuli aTiaTa-
sobiT qarTvelis sisxli! da bolos... Cveni aseTi `Seuwynareblo-
ba~ gamowveulia imiTac, rom Tqveni kumiri 2004 wels ar warsdga
erovnuli samsjavros winaSe, aramed Tavisive gamozrdilma rene-
gatebma mianiWes „xelSeuxlebloba“ , risi uflebiTac man 10 weli
inebivra krwanisis rezidenciaSi...
arada, maSin rom ezeima samarTlianobas, dRes ar iqneboda ase-
Ti samarTliani risxva da guliswyroma WeSmariti qarTvelebisa
aw-gardacvlili iuda-SevardnaZis mimarT...
2004 wels rom ezeima samarTals, aw-gardacvlil SevardnaZes
gamoaTrevdnen sapyrobiledan da gaamzadebdnen Casamarxad, rasac
bunebrivi simSvidiT Sexvdeboda eri...
magram, yovelive amis nacvlad, biZina ivaniSvilis xeldasmul-
ma mTavrobam irakli RaribaSvilisa da giorgi margvelaSvilis
meTaurobiT saqarTvelos xelisuflebis uzurpatori, qarTveli
eris genocidis momwyobi da teritoriebis gamsxvisebeli e. Se-
vardnaZe samxedro pativiT dakrZala krwanisis rezidenciaSi, ra-
sac erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis mxridan mZafri pro-
testi mohyva.
policiis Zalumi winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, erovnulma Zale-
bma mainc SeZlo saqarTvelos gamyidveli da tirani SevardnaZis
saprotesto SeZaxilebiT gasveneba, RaribaSvilis policia ki, de-
mokratiis – sityvisa da azris gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis gamocda-
Si, samarcxvinod CaiWra!
miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi Se-
vardnaZis dakrZalvis dReebSi saqarTveloSi ar imyofeboda (sava-
543
raudod, patriarqma Tavi aarida SevardnaZis pativiT dakrZalvis
procesias eris negatiuri ganwyobidan gamomdinare), SevardnaZis
cxedari wina dRiT, samebis sakaTedro taZarSi gadaasvenes. Tumca,
SevardnaZis dakrZalvas, ucxoeTidan Camosuli stumrebianad, sul
orasamde kaci daeswro.
erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis warmomadgenlebi,
zviad ganmaTavisuflebeli partiisa da erovnuli frontis lide-
robiT, metro avlabris teritoriasTan saprotesto plakatebiT
dilidan ganlagdnen. metrosTan mobilizeba iwyes policiisa da
uSiSroebis 200-mde TanamSromelma.
WikaiZis policiam im dRes daadastura, rom igi e. SevardnaZi-
sa da m. saakaSvilis memkvidre reJimia da maTze uaresic; Sevard-
naZisa da saakaSvilis policiuri reJimi trotuarebze mimdinare
saprotesto aqciebis darbevas mainc erideboda, xolo WikaiZis
policiam, Sekrebisa da mdumare aqciis Catarebis ufleba aRuk-
veTa 70-amde momitinges da Zalismierad SezRuda maTi uflebebi.
policielebi cocxal kedlad aefarnen saprotesto aqcias iuda
SevardnaZis cxedris Camotarebis dros, Tumca momitingeebma mainc
SeZles energiuli protestis gamoxatva da policielTa winaaR-
mdegobis daZlevac. tirani da qveynis moRalate SevardnaZe “iu-
das” ZaxiliT gaaciles jojoxeTSi!
batono giorgi margvelaSvilo, radgan mainc prezidenti gqviaT
valdebuli xarT ufro meti pasuxismgeblobiT moekidoT Tqven
sityvebs; SevardnaZis gamosaTxovar gamosvlaSi Tqven, sxva mra-
val sicruesTan erTad, erTi yurismomWreli sicruec TqiT, rom
TiTqos SevardnaZem, rogorc „didma humanistma“ konstituciurad
gaauqma daxvretis muxli. sinamdvileSi ki, SevardnaZis komunis-
turi reJimis droidan moqmedi daxvretis muxli prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias uzenaesma sabWom gaauqma. SevardnaZem ki, prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis uzurpaciisTanave,
1992 wels xuntis parlaments miaRebina specialuri normatiuli
aqti sikvdiliT dasjis Sesaxeb, vinaidan xuntis mier gauqmebuli
erovnuli xelisuflebis konstituciis Semdgom aRdgenil 1921
wlis konstituciaSi, sasjelis es umaRlesi zoma, ar arsebobda.
tiranma SevardnaZem, swored am specialuri normatiuli aqtis
safuZvelze sasjelis umaRlesi zoma – daxvreta miusaja jaba
ioselianze teraqtis mowyobaSi ukanonod dadanaSaulebul pe-
544
tre gelbaxiansa da irakli dokvaZes, romlebmac 4 weli gaatares
sikvdilmisjilTa sakanSi da am xnis ganmavlobaSi, saknis yoveli
gaRebisas isini daxvretis aRsrulebis ganaxlebuli gancdis qveS
dgebodnen. amgvarma ulmobelma mravalwlianma stresma gamoiwvia
axalgazrda gelbaxianis gulis SeteviT sikvdili patimrobidan ga-
Tavisuflebis Semdgom. xolo, saakaSvilis reJimis mier SeTiTxni-
li braldebiT kvlav dakavebuli irakli dokvaZe ki, RaribaSvilis
xelisuflebis drosac, patimrobaSi rCeba; asobiT recidivistisa
da mkvlelis Sewyalebis miuxedavad, dokvaZes (romelsac aravin
mouklavs) ara da ar Seaxes aministia.
premier-ministris Sefaseba, tirani da samSoblos gamyidveli,
SevardnaZis mimarT ki aseTi mtknari sicrue gaxldaT:
irakli RaribaSvili: „eduard SevardnaZem gadadga is nabi-
jebi, romlebiTac saqarTvelos realuri damoukideblobisa da
saxelmwifoebriobis Camoyalibebis SesaZleblobebi gauCnda“.
leila comaia
fsevdonimi – qeTevan Wanturia
sircxvili im e.w. erovnulebs, romlebmac Tavi aarides am umniS-

vnelovanes saprotesto aqciaSi monawileobas! policiis Zalumi
winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad Cven mainc SevZeliT saqarTvelos gamy-
idveli da tirani SevardnaZis saprotesto SeZaxilebiT gasveneba,
RaribaSvilis policia ki demokratiis – sityvisa da azris gamox-
atvis Tavisuflebis gamocdaSi samarcxvinod CaiWra.
545
saqarTveloSi sikvdiliT dasja pirvelad gauqmda me-12 sauku-
neSi Tamar mefis dros, xolo meored – demokratiuli saqarTve-
los 1921 wlis 21 Tebervlis konstituciiT.
546
didTa afTari colebi
Cveni gazeTis mkiTxvelebma ukve uwyian, rom Cven wamovayeneT

iniciativa klasikosi mwerlis konstantine gamsaxurdias, mTawmin-
daze, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gverdiT gadasvenebis Taoba-
ze, rac davasabuTeT mTeli rigi argumentebiT (ix. „ganmaTavisu-
flebeli“, 2016 wlis maisi, №49, gv. 6).
sazogadoeba da ojaxic, Cvens
iniciativas araerTgvarovnad Sex-
vda; Cven, cxadia, imTaviTve vacno-
bierebdiT, rom udidesi simZimis
Temas SevexeT da xelisuflebebis
garda (wina, arsebuli, Tund moma-
valic...), winaRobebs, ojaxidan da
mweralTa sazogadoebidanac Sevx-
vdebodiT. mweralTa da litera-
torTa erTma nawilma sruliad
normalurad da dadebiTadac
aRiqva Cveni iniciativa da komisi-
aSi CarTvis mzaobac gamoTqva.
am misiiT daviwye kardakar davla cnobil mwerlebTanac da
pirvelad, baton guram doCanaSvils vewvie Cemi gazeTiT, raTa
jer gascnoboda statias, xolo azris mosasmenad kvlav vewveodi.
kari, mwerlis meuRlem, qalbatonma naTela sefiaSvilma gamiRo da
SemipatiJa kidec. baton gurams gulwrfelad gauxarda Cemi mou-
lodneli stumroba: „ramdeni welia ar minaxixar da pirdapir sas-
waulia, rom axla Cems saxlSi gxedavo“. baton gurams mweralTa
kavSiridan da „ciskris“ redaqciidan vicnobdi axlos da Tavisi
„samoseli pirvelis“ meore gamocema aseTi Tbili warweriT aqvs
naCuqari CemTvis 1982 wels: „qalbaton leilas siyvaruliT, pativ-
iscemiT, keTili survilebiT“.
547
baton gurams, Cemi misvlisas erTi gamomcemelic stumrobda,
kaxa rusiZe, gamomcemloba „meridianis“ direqtori da savaraudod,
mwerlis axali wignis gamocemaze msjelobdnen. me vCqarobdi da
SemoTavazebul skamze arc davmjdarvar ise gavacani Cemi misvlis
mizani; gazeTi gadaveci da mobiluris nomeri vTxove. qalbato-
ni naTela ki, amasobaSi, sakuTar agresias gawiwmatebuli afrqve-
vda Cemsa da gamsaxurdiebis mimarT, rom Zalian kargad micnobs,
rom konstantine arafriT ar unda gadasvendes mTawmindaze da
Tu mainc unda gadasvendes, maSin – „didubis... ara, arc, didubis,
saburTalos panTeonSi“o da bolos esec daenana didostati kon-
stantinesTvis da „panTeonebi, saerTod ara... abaSis saxlis ezoSi...
da yvela Camosuli, Tavis kuTxeSi unda dasaflavdeso!“. „ras am-
bob, naTela, kowiazea laparaki, ra mogivida, ram gagacecxla, sxva
dros xom ase ar iqceodio“ , Seagoneb-anamusebda batoni gurami,
magram verafers asmenda, aramed aRSfoTebuli meuRle CemTvis mo-
biluri nomris dawerasac ki ukrZalavda, ar misceo! xelisSeSlis
miuxedavad batonma guramma mainc Camawerina mobiluris nomeri,
ris Semdegac gaafTrebul qalbaton naTelasagan Zlivs davaRwie
548
Tavi, romelmac gasvlisas kategoriulad gamafrTxila, rom gu-
ramTan ar damereka da aRarc movsuliyavi masTan, rom kars ar
gamiRebda!
erTob gaognebuli davrCi
naTela sefiaSvilis amgvari
epataJuri gamoxdomebiT.
vinaidan CemTvis Zalzed
mniSvnelovani iyo WeSmarit-
ad didi mwerlis guram do-
CanaSvilis azric am sakiTx-
Tan mimarTebaSi, erTi kviris
Semdgom mainc daviwye rekva
baton guramTan, magram sami
dRis ganmavlobaSi masTan kontaqti vera da ver SevZeli (xan, ara
da ar mpasuxobda, xan, uxilavi xeli miTiSavda zars...). meoTxe
dRes, rogorc iqna gavigone batoni guramis xma (aSkarad, marto
iyo Sin). Tbili urTierTmokiTxvis Semdgom, ra Tqma unda CemTvis
saintereso sakiTxsac Sevexe. batonma gurammac, Cems iniciativaze
ardaTanxmebis motivad is banaluri da martivi mizezi moiyvana,
rac sxvebsac ase uiolebs Tqmas: es Tavad kowias gadawyvetileba
iyovo...
batonma guramma Zalian Tbilad gaixsena misi urTierToba
klasikos mweralTan, miranda falavadiSvilTan da TamarTanac
da amgvar nostalgiur notaze davasruleT satelefono saubari.
manamde ki, Cvens satelefono saubarSi me gamovTqvi gakvirveba
da gulistkivili imis gamo rom igi ar daeswro 2007 wels zviad
gamsaxurdias dakrZalvas mTawmindaze, arc parlamentTan da arc
kolxur koSkSi misula panaSvidebze, rac batonma guramma misi Seu-
ZlodyofnobiT axsna (mogexsenebaT, guram doCanaSvili zviadisa
da merabis Tanaklaseli da mokle periodi disidenti Tanamoaz-
rec iyo).
sabWoTa tiranul reJims, klasikuri gimnaziis „disident“ Tanak-
laselebidan, mxolod zviadma da merabma gauZles da Zlieri su-
liT bolomde Seerkinen kidec, magram TanamebrZolTa gandgomasa
da Semdgom kortnas orive mtkivneulad ganicdida, gansakuTrebiT
zviadi, radgan wamaxuli isrebi mxolod misken iyo xolme mimar-
Tuli. guramTan ki urTierToba xom sul mTlad aewewa da daeZaba;
549
guram doCanaSvili ukiduresad gaunawyenebia zviad gamsaxur-
dias redaqtorobiT gamomaval iataqveSa Jurnal „oqros sawmisSi“
(romlis TanamSromloba zviads doCanaSvilisTvisac SeuTavazebia,
magram uari mieRo) viqtor rcxilaZis statiis sqolioSi mis ara-
saTanado pativiT moxseniebas, Tumca rcxilaZes doCanaSvili sqo-
lioSi dasaxelebuli ar hyavda, magram igulisxmeboda igi, raSic
advilad Seicno Tavi doCanaSvilma. doCanaSvili aseve axlos ic-
nobda rcxilaZesac, magram wyeniT gamowveuli mrisxaneba zviads
daatexa Tavs da am ambis Semdgom samkvdro-sasicocxlodac gane-
Sora.
„oqros sawmiss“ zviadi, merabi da viqtor rcxilaZe erTad ga-
moscemdnen da SesaZloa, viqtor rcxilaZis is „sabediswero sqo-
lio“ (rogorc rostom CxeiZe asaTaurebs Tavis wignSi) zviads manam
sulac ar hqonoda wakiTxuli, miuxedavad imisa, rom doCanaSvils,
swored zviadis daJinebiT waukiTxavs is Jurnali („ramdenjerme
mkiTxa: waikiTxeo?“ – doC.). zviads ki, savaraudod da didi al-
baTobiT, doCanaSvilis daintereseba ufro ewada iatakqveSa Jur-
nalis pirveli nomriT, vidre rcxilaZis sqoliosadmi kritikis
adresatis (RvarZliani niSnisgebiT?!) – guramis yuradRebis mipy-
roba. radgan JurnalSi akrZaluli literatura iyo dabeWdili,
zviadisTvis, uTuod mniSvnelovani iqneboda, yofili TanamebrZo-
lis da 1975 wlisTvis ukve gamoCinebuli, elvare niWis mweral do-
CanaSvilis avtoritetuli azri, magram cecxlovani eSmaki „sqoli-
oSi“ aRmoCnda Cabudebuli; rcxilaZiseuli sarkastuli Sefaseba:
“-nu dagvaviwydeba, rom es mwerali ukeTesia dacemulTa Soris!“
(igulisxmeboda doCanaSvili) mtkivneuli iyo da samarTlianadac
gaanawyena mwerali.
doCanaSvilsa da zviads Soris warmoqmnil am ganxeTqilebis
istorias SesaniSnavi literaturuli pasaJebiT, siRrmiseuli
fsiqologiuri dramiTa da inteleqtualuri sifaqiziT aRwers
rostom CxeiZe monografiaSi „aRsareba guram doCanaSvilisa“ , me-
V-e Tavi, Cems mier zemoxsenebuli saTauriT „sabediswero sqo-
lio“ (gv, 99-115).
Cems varauds savsebiT amyarebs erTi sagulisxmo faqti: 80-ian
wlebSi zviadma saxlSi momitana Tavisi aralegaluri Jurnalis
„oqros sawmisis“ ori – pirveli da meore nomeri. manamde stum-
robisas ki mkiTxa, mqonda Tu ara misi aralegaluri Jurnalebi,
550
razec me dananebiT vupasuxe, rom „ara...“ zviadis mier naCuqar
„oqros sawmisis“ variantebSi (arc 1 da arc 2) ar aris Setanili
viqtor rcxilaZis arcerTi statia da bunebrivia, arc is „sabe-
diswero sqolio“. es faqti ki naTlad metyvelebs, rom zviadi
ar iziarebda rcxilaZis Sefasebas guram doCanaSvilisa da „oqros
sawmisis“ Jurnalidan (gameorebiTi gamocemidan?...) amoSanTa igi.
yvela dainteresebul literators da TviT mweral baton guram
doCanaSvilsac SemiZlia vuCveno Cems arqivSi daculi zviadis na-
Cuqari „oqros sawmisis“ xsenebuli nomrebi 1975 wlisa.
ganvmartav, rom sul gamovida „oqros sawmisis“ 4 (oTxi) nomeri.
da Tu Jurnalis 1-Sia dabeWdili viqtor rcxilaZis statia, igi
Cems xelT arsebul Jurnalis variantSi ar aris, ris axsnasac ze-
moT Sevecade. me-3 da me-4 nomrebi ki Jurnalisa ar gamaCnia.
guram doCanaSvils, im „sabediswero sqolio“-Ti gamowveuli
mrisxaneba ki, verc zviadis mier saqarTvelos damoukideblobis
aRdgenam gaunela da veRarc misma mowameobrivma aRsasrulma;
mwerali guram doCanaSvili damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidentis mTawmindaze dakrZalvasac ar daeswro!
rac Seexeba imas, rom TiTqos zviadi kgb-s agentobas cilism-
wameblurad abralebda mavanT, arasworia! amgvari „alibiT“, zvi-
adiseul mxilebebSi, mxilebulebi, eWvis sindroms nergavdnen da
Tavis marTlebas amgvarad cdilobdnen; cnobilia, rom zviadi
eklesiuri da RvTis moSiSi pirovneba gaxldaT da srulad gacno-
bierebuli hqonda ciliswamebis simZime.
xuntis meTaurma SevardnaZem ki, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
erovnuli xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad, mweralTa mTe-
li armia gamoiyena mis mier Seqmnili mweralTa saerTaSoriso ir-
ganizacia „pen-klubiT“ (daarsda inglisSi 1921wels Pen – “kalami“,
anu mokalmeTa (mweralTa klubi). Wabua amirejibis Tavmjdomareo-
biT qarTuli pen-klubis saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi gawevriane-
bas rekomendacia gauwia rusma mweralma iosif brodskim.
1991 wels Seqmnil mweralTa am gaerTianebas, SevardnaZem Jur-
nali „qomagic“ dauarsa, raSic isini mosTqvamdnen mweralTa ufle-
bebis ararsebobaze, maT devnaze zviad gamsaxurdias „diqtatoru-
li“ xelisuflebis mxridan da SemoqmedebiTi frTebis Sekvecaze.
mwerlebi analogiuri Sinaarsis gancxadebebs agzavnidnen moskovsa
da inglisSic. am „pen-klubis“ wevri guram doCanaSvilic gaxldaT
551
da amgvari Sinaarsis saprotesto gancxadebebze misi xelmowerac
fiqsirdeboda sxva cnobil mwerlebTan erTad:Wabua amirejibi,
jansuR Carkviani, vaJa gigaSvili, arCil sulakauri, jemal qarCx-
aZe, laSa TabukaSvili, guram gegeSiZe, guram fanjikiZe, koba imed-
aSvili, rezo amaSukeli, roman miminoSvili, grigol abaSiZe, daTo
maRraZe, moris focxiSvili, gigi sulakauri, irakli samsonaZe,
nugzar SataiZe, Tamaz kvaWantiraZe, akaki vasaZe, guram doCanaSvi-
li, irakli abaSiZe, Tengiz buaCiZe, Tamaz wivwivaZe...
erovnuli xelisuflebis samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebiT
damxobis periodSi SeiaraRebulma opoziciam dacxrila muxran ma-
Wavarianis TavmjdomareobiT moqmedi mweralTa kavSiris Senobis
fanjrebi da „pen-klubelma“ mwerlebma es faqtic TviT erovnul
xelisuflebas daabrales. prezident zviad gamsaxurdias xelisu-
flebis damxobis Semdgom ki mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomareo-
bidan gadairCies (faqtiurad, gadaayenes) muxran maWavariani.
mweralTa amgvari ciliswamebebisa da mtrobisTvis, damou-
kidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisuflebisadmi, 1998 wels
xoravas saxelobis msaxiobTa saxlTan, sadac qarTveli mwerlebi
xvdebodnen moskovidan da inglisidan Camosul literatorebs da
kulturis muSakebs, Cven movawyveT piketi plakatiT: “qarTveli
eri gicxadebT siZulvils sakuTari qveynis mimarT Cadenili mtro-
bisa da RalatisaTvis“ da samarcxvino boZze gavakariT qarTveli
mwerlebic, romelTa siaSi, piradi gadawyvetilebiT, ar Seviyvane
guram doCanaSvili. Tumca, Cemmieri CamonaTvali, isedac arasruli
iyo (realuri siis mravalricxovnobis gamo). „samarcxvino boZze“
gamokruli mwerlebis sia da mamxilebeli saprotesto plakatebi
Cven xoravas saxlis darbazSic SevitaneT da Tvalwin gavuSaleT
Camosul stumrebs. sxdoma, faqtiurad, CaiSala. Cven miliciam
dagvarbia da jarimebic dagvakisres. doCanaSvili im darbazul
RonisZiebaSi ar monawileobda.
ufro adre ki saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris Senobaze gaCnda
wiTeli saRebavebiT Sesrulebuli sinonimuri warwerebi: „saqarT-
velos moZuleTa kavSiri“, rac eris protestis xmad rekda.
baton guram doCanaSvilis meuRlis naTela sefiaSvilis si-
Zulvili gamsaxurdiebisadmi, samwuxarod, erTeuli gamovlineba
ar gaxlavT, aramed es siZulvili kvebavda didostat konstantine
gamsaxurdias moSurne mtrebis armias da gauneleblad gadmovida
552
zviad gamsaxurdiazec, rogorc mZlavr da ukompromiso poli-
tikur figuraze. am moSurneTa armias „wiTeli inteligenciisa“,
agreTve amoZravebda SiSi, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias uzenaes
sabWos ar mieRo kanoni „lustraciis Sesaxeb“, rac gaacamtverebda
maT popularobasa da avtoritets.
es SiSis sindromi, lamisaa sikvdilisSemdgom dard-varamadac
eqces Cvens popularul inteligencias, TviTasocirebiT – mara-
diul zviadTan, romelic sikvdiliTac ver mokla da ver mospo
vervin!
leila comaia,
„ganmaTavisuflebeli“ #51, 2016 weli.
mniSvnelovani ganmarteba: mas Semdeg rac es statia davbe-

Wde Cems gazeTSi, oriode dRis Semdgom, dilaadrian mobilurze
damireka qalbatonma da bodiSi momixada, im qalbatonis xmaSi q-n
naTela sefiaSvilis xma Sevicani. vvaraudob, rom q-n naTelas misma
mweralma meuRlem, guram doCanaSvilma daarekina.
komentari Cems winamdebare statiaze socialur qsel Face-

book-ze:
Suliko Gogrichiani im avbediTi putCis Semdeg saubari mqonda

batoni zviadis da doCanaSvilis pedagogTan, boris kandelakTan,
man aseTi ram miTxra:doCanaSvili Semxvda da misayvedura zviadis
Sesaxeb, rom cudad gagizrdiao, Zalian gulnatkeni iyo es xanda-
zmuli adamiani doCanaSvilze! samwuxaroa, magram...
momwons · pasuxi · 1 wT. 2017 w. 23 ianvari
553
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis
sagangebo gancxadeba
mimdinare, 2015 wlis 7 maiss internetsaitze “politiku-

ri forumi” (https://politikuriforumi.wordpress.com) daido sruliad
ucnobi uzenaesi sabWos maJoritari deputatis (lentexidan)
berdia gugavas skandaluri interviu 1991 wlis 9 aprilis da-
moukideblobis aqtis dednis adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb, rome-
lic oficialurad dRemde dakargulad iTvleboda, xolo arao-
ficialurad ki erSi arsebobda imedebi, rom damoukideblobis
aqtis dedanic, manana arCvaZisaTvis 1994 wels ruseTis kgb
mier groznoSi CamorTmeul sxva mraval dokumentebTan erTad,
moskovis kgb arqivSi inaxeboda.
berdia gugavas interviudan ki vgebulobT, rom damoukide-
blobis aqti, romelic mas saxlSi kedelze ekida, asli egona
da dedani ki aRmoCnda, xolo Tu vin gadasca mas es istoriu-
li aqti, ar axsovs! viRac ukeTurebs misTvis aqtis soliduri
Tanxis safasurad gayidvac ki SeuTavazebiaT (erTi milioni).
sabolood, deputat berdia gugavas, Tavisi moZRvris mRvdel
konstantine giorgaZis rCeviTa da TanxlebiT, damoukideblo-
bis aqtis dedani 2006 wels saqarTvelos patriarq ilia meori-
saTvis Caubarebia.
deputat gugavas sajaro intervius, umal mohyva, manana
arCvaZe-gamsaxurdias mwvave pasuxi da reaqcia, romelmac Ta-
vis momxreTa jgufiT sapatriarqosTan gamarTa xmauriani mi-
tingebi da moiTxova damoukideblobis aqtis maTTvis gadacema,
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi sapatriarqosTan permanentuli sapro-
testo aqciebiTa da sasamarTloTi daimuqra.
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partias miaCnia, rom aRmoCenil
damoukideblobis aqts unda Cautardes sruli (kaligrafiu-
lic) kvalificiuri eqspertiza da dednad aRiareba-dadasture-
bis SemTxvevaSi, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias 1990-93 wlebis
xelisuflebis samarTalmemkvidre axali legitimuri erovnuli
xelisuflebis arCevamde, Sesanaxad gadatanil unda iqnas sa-
554
qarTvelos saxelmwifo (sabWoTa okupaciis) muzeumSi muzeumis
xelmZRvanel pasuxismgebel pirebsa da erovnuli xelisufle-
bis uzenaesi sabWos legitimur warmomadgenlobas Soris Se-
sabamisi werilobiTi pirobebiTa da oficialuri aqtebis dadas-
turebiT, rac gaSuqebul unda iqnas televiziebiT!
amasTanave, migvaCnia rom, prokuraturam unda daiwyos ga-
moZieba damoukideblobis aqtis dekember-ianvris samxedro-kri-
minaluri saxelmwifo gadatrialebis viTarebaSi savaraudo
moparvis faqtzec.
2015 wlis 15 maisi.partiis Tavmjdomare

leila comaia
partiis politikuri mdivani
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ #45, gv. 7, 2015 w.
555
qronika socialuri qselidan
Leila Tsomaia
2015 wlis 10 marti, 3 wT. ·
erovnul-patriotTa, anu Cveni samSoblo saqarTvelos WeS-

marit mamuliSvilTa sayuradRebod!
facebook-ze Seqmnilia gverdi `saxli beiker-stritze~, romel-
sac profilad udevs prezident zviad gamsaxurdias foto yalbi
citatiTa da zviadis yalbi xelmoweriT. es mkrexeluri foto-mon-
taJi ekuTvnis kanadaSi mcxovreb wm.ilia marTlis sazogadoebis
yofil wevrs daCi CaCaniZes, romelic feisze `daCi qarTveli~-s
fsevdonimiTaa Semosuli, xan ki ìrakli qarTveliSvilis~ saxeli-
Tac, xolo amjerad ki, paralelurad, Seuqmnia gverdi saxelwodeb-
iT `saxli beiker-stritze~! es foto internetSi gavrcelda 2013
wels, romelic maSinve gaviziare Cemi kritikuli postiT da davi-
wye Zieba am yalbi warweris avtorisa, razedac gamomexmaura daCi:
leila, es Cemi gakeTebuli suraTia. ra ar mogewonaT, an tyvi-
li ra naxeT mand?!~ me movTxove mas waeSala es yalbwarweri-
ani foto, magram man Cemi samarTliani moTxovna ar aRasrula,
ris gamoc Cemi gazeTiT vamxile igi (sagazeTo werilis links
davdeb dabla) da gavauqme masTan virtualuri megobrobac.
daCi qarTveli (CaCaniZe), romelic gvar-saxeliT, dabadebis
TariRiTa da habitusiTac (qvemoT mis fotosac davdeb) iniRbeba,
rogorc specsamsaxurebis yvela saidumlo piri, emigrirebulia
kanadaSi da didi albaTobiT TanamSromlobs ruseTis kgb-sTan.
igi TiTqmis yovel wels Tavisuflad Camodis saqarTveloSi, sa-
varaudod, specdavalebebiT da kontaqtobs rusuli orientaciis
politikur ZalebTan.
2013 wlis saparlamento arCevnebSi igi konsultantad mivleni-
li iyo fsevdo-`Tavisufali saqarTvelos~ lider kaxa kukavasTan,
romelmac jaSuSuri saqmianobis eWviT, mogvianobiT Sewyvita masTan
TanamSromloba. amjerad daCi qarTveli mWidrod TanamSromlobs
yofil saprezidento kandidatTan da politikuri organizacia
`qarTuli idea~-s lider levan CaCuasTan, romelic telekompan-
ia `kavkasiaSi~ am telekompaniis xelmZRvanelobis mxridan gaxor-
cielebuli provokaciis Sedegad 4-wlian patimrobaSi imyofeboda.
556
erovnul moZraobasa da zviad gamsaxurdias erovnul xelisu-
flebaSic 90-ian wlebSi mravali kgb agenti iqna Canergili, romel-
Ta Ria Tu faruli SeTqmulebis Sedegia dRevandeli saqarTvelo,
totaluri katastrofuli mdgomareobiT
daCi qarTvelisa da misi gverdis `saxli beiker-stritze~,
Cemi samegobro wridan, bevri saerTo megobari aRmovaCine...
frTxilad, megobrebo!!!
Leila Tsomaia pasuxi daCi qarTvelisadmi ix. gaz. `ganmaT-

avisuflebeli` N35, gv. 19, 2013 wlis aprilihttps://iberiana2.files.
wordpress.com/2013/03/n35.pdf
5 wT. · momwons · 1
557
2014 wlis 27-28 ivnisi
Leila Tsomaia
1991 wlis 31 martis saerTo sayovelTao referendumiT damou-
kidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxur-
dias erovnulma mTavrobam safuZveli daudo da uzrunvelyo
27 ivnisis saqarTvelos saxelmwifos evrokavSirTan asocirebis
xelSekrulebis gaformebas; 31 marts, sruliad saqarTvelos mo-
saxleobam referendumiT amcno ra msoflios Tavisi neba uari
uTxras ruseTs ssrk-s SemadgenlobaSi darCenaze da iqces da-
moukidebel Tavisufal saxelmwifod. zviad gamsaxurdiam Tavis
saarCevno saprezidento programaSi ki Cawera: “ samomavlo is-
toriuli misia, romelic unda itvirTos damoukidebelma saqa-
rTvelom, SeiZleba iyos dasavleTisa da aRmosavleTis zogad-
sakacobrio integraciuli procesebisaTvis xelis Sewyoba da
regionSi stabiluri viTarebis uzrunvelyofa. saqarTvelom
unda ganaxorcielos sinTezi am ori samyarosi”. agreTve – “saqa-
rTvelo unda gaxdes gaerosa da sxva saerTaSoriso organi-
zaciebis wevri da maT saqmianobaSi Seasrulos aqtiuri roli”.
saqarTvelos erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba zviad
gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas liderobiT erTmniS-
vnelovnad da calsaxad gaxldaT evropuli orientaci-
is, risi oficialuri gaformeba moxda 2014 wlis 27 ivniss.
vulocav progresul qarTul sazogadoebriobas am umniSvnelo-
vanes dRes! Cven ZirZveli evropelebi varT da dRevandeli dRi-
dan mxolod vbrundebiT sakuTar istoriul wiaRSi!
558
Sigmund Wohltaeter eh,viRas axsovs erovnuli moZraoba,zviad
gamsaxurdia da merab kostava....
2 sT. · Edited · momwons · 3
Eka Kiknadze orive nagavi

1 sT · momwons

Leila Tsomaia kiknaZe, daazuste, vin aris “orive nagavi”.
1 sT · momwons

Leila Tsomaia kiknaZe, velodebi Sens konkretikas!
58 wT. · momwons

Leila Tsomaia kiknaZe, mesamed gimeoreb vis gulsxmob “orive
nagavSi”, romelic Sen daakomente zviadisa da merabis saxelebis
qveS, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi gamxel!
42 wT. · momwons

Sigmund Wohltaeter vin oxrobaa es kiknaZe?
41 wT. · momwons

Sigmund Wohltaeter aseTi arsebebi gamohyavT sanagveebidan
aRebuli nagavis molekulebisa da virusebisagan da mitom yars
ase dRevandeli Cveni “sazogadoeba”....
31 wT. · Edited · momwons
559

Nino Chxartishvili saqarTvelos evropisken swrafva erovnu-
li moZraobidan daiwyo, yvelafers amas rasac guSin zeimobdnen
saqarTveloSi zviad gamsaxurdiam da merab kostavam Cauyara sa-
fuZveli.
23 wT. · aRar momwons · 1

Leila Tsomaia Eka Kiknadze – giorgi TevzaZev, Sen 80-ian
wlebidan erovnul moZraobaSi Canergilo komkavSirelo aqtiv-
isto kgb-s agento, zviadisa da merabis gulmowyale meurveobiT
wm.ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevric rom gaxdi da madlierebis
nacvlad Zirs uTxridi maT da ar indobdi, dResac ar iSli mori-
elobas? qalis saxelsa da “adamianis uflebaTa damcvelis” niRabs
amofarebulo arakaco, gaisuse, ara?! SediT am gaurkveveli war-
moSobis “ Eka Kiknadze” -s profilSi da Tavad darwmundebiT,rom
igi Tavad nagavi giorgi TevzaZea, romelsac es niki Tavisi Tavis
sapropagandod aqvs miwepebuli!
daaxloebiT erTi wuTis win · momwons

Leila Tsomaia qvabavazaki giorgi TevzaZe, romelic aSkarad
gamwarebulia guSindeli dRiT evropasTan asocirebis xe-
lSekrulebis oficialuri gaformebiT...
ramdenime wamis win · momwons
560
Leila Tsomaia
2014 wlis 28 ivnisi, 3 wuTis win
Cems postze evropasTan asocirebis xelSekrulebasTan dakavSire-
biT, e.w. da fsevdo-uflebadamcvelma giorgi TevzaZem, zviad gam-
saxudiasa da merab kostavas uwoda „nagavi“ Eka Kiknadze-s nikiT.
giorgi TevzaZes, am qalis saxels amofarebuli nikiT, Seqmnili aqvs
profili, romliTac igi sakuTari saxelisa da saqmianobis mowonebis
TaRliTur propagandasa da TviTreklamas eweva. wiTeli komkav-
Sireli aqtivisti giorgi TevzaZe, erovnuli moZraobis gaaqtiure-
bis gariJraJze, kgb operatiulad Semoagdo erovnul moZraobaSi.
zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas gulmowyalebiT TevzaZe
gaxda wm.ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri da maT, arc pira-
di problemebis sakiTxSic moukliaT misTvis mzrunveloba, ma-
gram garewari giorgi TevzaZe arasodes erTgulebda zviadsa
da merabs da rogorc gamoCnda, arc dResac iSlis morielobas
zviadisa da merabis mimarT. es cru da gaiZvera „uflebadamcve-
li“ aSkarad gaRizianebul-gamwarebulia guSindeli istoriuli
dRiT – evropasTan saqarTvelos asocirebis xelSekrulebis
oficialuri gaformebiT, romelsac dastur saTave daudo anti-
saokupacio da antirusul-imperialisturma erovnul-ganmaTavi-
suflebelma moZraobam zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas
liderobiT. ar gamovricxav, rom „uflebadamcveli“ giorgi Tev-
zaZis organizacia, swored, ruseTis romelime specsamsaxuri-
dan finansdebodes da misi guSindeli dRiT gamwareba finansebis
Semcirebisa an sulac Sewyvetis saSiroebiT iyos ganpirobebuli.
Eka Kiknadze-s niks amofarebulo gaiZvera giorgi TevzaZev, wadi
axla da miCivle sasamarTloSi, iq sabolood damasamarebeli si-
urprizi gelodeba Cemgan!
561
eklesiis problemebi
vagrZelebT weras iseT saCoTiro sakiTxebze, rogoricaa ekle-

siis problemebi, vinaidan miCumaTebiTa da moimedoobiT, rom mR-
vdelmTavarTa saTnoebiT eklesiaSi daiwyeboda TviTganwmendis ne-
belobiTi procesi. amis nacvlad, ambionebidan gvesmis mxolodRa
guliswyromis xma, rom ebrZvian eklesias. Tumca, arc uamisobaa;
e. w. Tavisuflebis instituti, gareSe Tu Sinauri mteri, marTlac
ebrZvis da esxmis qarTul marTlmadideblur eklesias, raTa mog-
viSalon sulieri, zneobrivi da saxelwifoebrivi balavari. Cven
kategoriulad vemijnebiT da vgmobT `Tavisuflebis institutel-
Ta~ (Tea TuTberiZe – levan ramiSvili) Tavxedur-mkrexulur in-
ternet – manipulaciebs saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis ilia
II-is winaaRmdeg, gaxorcielebuls mimdinare 2009 wlis oqtombris
meore naxevarSi, rac cudad daemTxva, oqtombris dasawyisSi ukve
gamosul Cveni gazeTis publikaciebs (ix. gaz. `ganmaTavisuflebe-
li~. №22, gv. 7). aRniSnuli faqti, sruliad SesaZlebeli iyo aR-
gveqva Cvens mier wamoweuli problemis gadafarvis Tu gatrizave-
bis mcdelobad, rom ara am antimarTlmadideblur-antieklesiuri
tandemis (TuTberiZe- ramiSvili) sazogado cnobadoba. iyo Tu ara
CvenTa did mamaTa (eriskacTa) sazrunavi da safiqrali eklesia da
samRvdeloeba, uadres zviad gamsaxurdias da merab kostavasi, amis
naTelsayofad moviyvanT citatas il. WavWavaZis àCrdilidan~: àg-
era mRvdelnic – erTa mamani – romelT qristesgan valad sdebi-
aT ama erisa sulis aRzrdani, ra-rig gul- xeli daukrebiaT! sad
aris sityva didis swavlisa, siyvarulis da samarTalisa, rom
maT bageTgan ar momdinarebs da ers dacemuls ar aRamaRlebs?~
axla akaki wereTelsac movusminoT, romelic ase mouxiblavs
mis Tanamedrove arxi-diakons janeliZes: ìm droSi misTana
arxi-diakoni saqarTveloSi arsad moipoeboda: misi brZmedSi ga-
tarebuli mgminavi xma da mwar-tkbili kilo saxarebis kiTxvis
dros yvelas erTnairad hxiblavda... erTxel kidev daveswari fex-
Tabanas, magram yoliferi mesxvafera, galoba meucxova: yurs es-
moda, magram gulamdi ki ver xvdeboda. saxarebis mkiTxveli ucx-
562
ogvarad bobRinobda da kiloc sxvagvari hqonda. mimovixede da ra
SevniSne? xalxi, TiTqos, iZulebuli grZnobiT iyo gatacebuli da
ara sasoebiT gamsWvaluli... glexobaSi dRes bevri moipoeba, rom
colTan jvardauwerlad, iZulebiTa cxovrobdes, radganac ver
uyidia saidumlo da ver Seujerebia moZRvris guli. Wirisuflebi
imodenad Tavis mkvdrebs ara stirian, ramdenadac valSi da vaxCSi
CavardniT ojaxis daqcevas, radganac mkvdris damarxvisa da wesis
agebis ufleba mamasisxlad unda iyidos. winandeli samRvdeloeba,
misi xarisxis sakadrisad da Sesaferad iyo momzadebuli da raRa
Tqma unda, rom keTili gavlenac eqneboda xalxze~.
CvenSi sazogadod gavrcelebulia azri, rom, TiTqosda sae-
ro pirs, ara aqvs ufleba amxilos saeklesio piri. ai, rogoria
marTlmadidebeli moZRvris giorgi msxilaZis pasuxi am sakiTxze:
`sjuliskanonSi~ naTqvamia, rom sasuliero pirze mxolod sarwmu-
noebriv sakiTxebSi braldeba ar miiReba eretikosisagan, radgan
igulisxmeba, rom mwvalebelma TviTon ar icis rwmenis sakiTxe-
bi sworad da rogor gaarCevs amaSi, vin cdeba da vin ara (aseve,
eretikosebi eklesiaSi arev- darevis Setanisa da misi lafSi
amosvris mizniT xSirad mimarTavdnen ciliswamebas!)... CvenSi, Zir-
iTadad uzneo da urwmuno sasuliero pirTagan mizandasaxuladaa
gavrcelebuli cru azri, rom samRvdelo pirTa mxileba, araTu
sarwmunoebriv, aramed xorciel saqmeSic ki ar SeiZleba. amiT isini
sakuTari uwminduri kvalis dafarvas cdiloben... wminda mamebma ki
es sakiTxi, bunebrivia ganixiles da saeklesio samarTlis ZiriTad
kodeqsSi Seitanes, kidec (“Tavi IX: episkoposTa da sxva sasulie-
ro pirTa codvebisa da msjavris Sesaxeb...~, qveTavi 33: samRvdelo
dasis warmomadgenelTa codva, Tu icis vinmem da ar ganacxados~)
da pasuxic iqve miuTiTes, kerZod, wm. basili didis 71-e kanoni:
`vinc mowme iyos yvela zemoCamoTvlili codvisa da TviTon ki ar
aRiaros, aramed sxvam amxilos, rom icis codvis Sesaxeb, – imden
xans iyos dasjili isic, ramden xansac gankanonebul iqneba TviTon
codvis Camdeni~ (“didi sjulis kanoni~, Tbilisis universitetis
gamocema, 1975 w. ZvelqarTulad. axalqarTulad – `saqarTvelos
eklesiis kalendari~, 1987 w.).
qvemoT vbeWdavT samRvdelo da saeklesio pirTa КГБ agentobis
damadasturebel im karTotekebs, romlebic pirvelad gamoqveynda
1992 wels gamomaval aralegalur gazeT `qarTul azrSi~. maTgan
563
Cven Segnebulad SevikaveT Tavi umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqiuli
pirebis karTotekebis gamoqveynebaze. yalbi avtoritetebis Seqm-
na, arc RvTis saTno saqmea da arc eris. ersa da RmerTsac WeS-
mariti mRvdelmTavrebi da saeklesio msaxurebi sWirdeba.
leila comaia
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №23, 2009 w.
564
565
566
vrCebi miumxrobeli da Seurigebeli
oci weli gasrulda damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli

prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias kanonieri xelisuflebis samxe-
dro-kriminaluri gadatrialebisa.
1991-92 wlebis dekember-ianvrisa da 1993 wels ruseTis mier gax-
orcielebuli samxedro intervenciis Sedegad, kolaboracional-
istma qarTvelebma, sabolood daamsxvries saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
foebrivi xerxemali da sisxlisagan dawrites Cveni erovnuli energia.
1991 wlis 22 dekembers dawyebuli SeiaraRebuli brZola axalfexa-
dgmuli damoukidebeli saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg, kremlma, prezi-
dent zviad gamsaxurdias wamebiT sikvdiliT daasrula, xolo mis
mowameobriv aRsasruls ki dRemde danaSaulebrivad Cqmalaven, ro-
gorc kremlis mesveurebi, aseve maTi sateliti saqarTvelos xelisu-
falni, agreTve, kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis SeTqmuli Zalebi
besarion guguSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT, romlebmac, moRalateobis
sanacvlod, kremlisa da xuntis xelisuflebisagan, xelSeuxeblobi-
sa da usafrTxoebis garantiebi miiRes. xolo, prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias gardacvalebis garemoebebis Seswavlis yovelgvari mcd-
eloba, maTi mxridan, demagogiebisa da mrisxanebis safuZveli xdeba,
raTa istoriaSi fundamenturad daamkvidron kremlis mier SeTiTx-
nili `TviTmkvlelobis~ erTaderTi versia.
amadac, me, rogorc zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis Tavmj-
domare da gazeT `ganmaTavisufleblis~ redaqtori dResac Seurige-
beli vrCebi, rogorc kremlis sateliti xuntisturi politikuri
Zalebisa da wiTeli inteligenciis, aseve kanonier erovnul xelisu-
flebaSi Canergili da dRemde kanonieri xelisuflebis saxeliT moq-
medi Zalebis, rogorc saxelmwifo damnaSaveebis mimarT.
amasTanave, Tanamedrove sazogadoebisaTvis saWirod vTvli gan-
vmarto, rom `zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partia~ 1994 wels Sevqme-
ni, raTa erovnul moZraobas axali formaciiT gangvexorcielebi-
na ukompromiso politikuri brZola xuntisturi xelisuflebis
winaaRmdeg da 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi veweodiT kidec Tavganwirul
567
brZolas, magram Cveni mcirericxovani partiuli Zalebi ar eyo am
brZolas mniSvnelovani Sedegis misaRwevad, rameTu erovnuli moZ-
raobis mravalaTasiani ki sadRac gaqra, gverdSi ar dagvidga. Cven
dagvapatimres!
dRes, `kanonieri xelisuflebisa da erovnuli moZraobis aRdge-
nis~ liderobas, erTmaneTs ecilebian gaTiSuli erovnuli Zalebi
da axladaRmocenebuli rusuli orientaciis politikuri Zalebi.
`zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partias~ ki erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebe-
li moZraobis moqmedebis dawyebis pirvel aucilebel etapad miaCnia
permanentuli saprotesto mitingebis mowyoba mTavari saxelmwifo
damnaSaveebis – eduard SevardnaZis, Tengiz kitovanisa da Tengiz
siguas mimarT samarTlebrivi devnis dawyebis moTxovniT, xolo,
paralelurad, ki unda SevimuSavoT erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraobis erTiani samoqmedo programa.
gaumarjos Cvens brZolas erovnuli RirsebisaTvis! gaumarjos
Cvens brZolas samSoblos gadasarCenad!
leila comaia
22.12.2011
568
replika
ra damsaxurebisaTvis daajildoves moskovSi

zaza daviTaia?!
2012 wlis wlis 22-30 noembers, moskovSi Catarda axal-

gazrda JurnalistTa saerTaSoriso konkursi Temaze „samx-
reT kavkasiis mSvidobiani momavali“, sadac saqarTvelodan
wardgenil iyo zaza daviTaia. am arasamTavrobo RonisZiebis
erT-erTi organizatori gaxldaT saeWvo warmomavlobis qarTve-
li, moskovSi mcxovrebi kolaboracionalisti vladimer xomeriki.
erovnuli moZraobis gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ dainteresda,
Tu romeli sagazeTo masalebis (an, Tundac erTi masalis) gamo da ro-
meli organizaciidan waradgines zaza daviTaia moskovur konkursze,
romelic sruli erTi kvira mimdinareobda da Sesabamisi kiTxvebic
davusviT gamarjvebul konkursants.
unda iTqvas, rom daviTaia imTaviTve Seacbuna Cvenma dainterese-

bam mis „gasaidulovebul“ moskovur voiaJze da telefonSi agvixir-
da: ra sulelur SekiTxvebs svamTo da am iarliyiT yvela SekiTxvidan
daiZvrina Tavi. maSin Cven SevecadeT, normaluri SekiTxvidan misTvis
friad uxerxul SekiTxvaze gadavsuliyaviT, raTa am mkvaxe SekiTxviT
569
mainc migveRo misgan raime pasuxi, miTumetes, roca konkursis saxel-
wodebidan gamomdinare, aseT kiTxvasac hqonda arsebobis ufleba!
kiTxva: – amgvar e. w. saerTaSoriso konkursebze, umetes SemTx-
vevaSi mowvevas iReben xolme Sereuli ojaxis Svilebi, an gvargada-
keTebuli personebi. Tu mavanTa naTqvams virwmunebT, Seni namdvili
gvaria davTiani. xom ar amarTlebs Seni moskovur konkursze wardge-
na am xmebs?
Cvens aSkarad mwvave kiTxvas, daviTaias mxridan, rogorc mosa-
lodneli iyo, uSveri ginebis korianteli mohyva. kiTxva, romelic,
viwro wreSi gavrcelebul xmebs efuZneboda, cxadia ar daismeboda,
daviTaias rom SeZleboda piruTvneli pasuxis gacema Cvens mier Tav-
dapirvelad dasmul sruliad legitimur kiTxvebze.
diax, Cvens arc erT SekiTxvaze, moskovis „saerTaSoriso konkurs-
Si gamarjvebul“ daviTaias, pasuxi ar aRmoaCnda!
Tu yuradRebas konkursantTa asakis cenzzec (Молодежный) mivap-
yrobT, 44 wels gadacilebul zaza daviTaias (dabadebulia 1968
wlis 10 oqtombers, moskovSi), arc am mxriv hqonda Sansi konkursze
moxvedrisa.
amdenad, CvenTvis bneli da erTob gaurkveveli darCa, Tu ra dam-
saxurebisaTvis daajildoves moskovSi zaza daviTaia! aseve ucno-
bi darCa, Tu ramden maneTSi gamoixata misi fuladi dajildoeba!
erTob sagulisxmo faqtia isic, rom zaza daviTaiam, arcerTi foto
masala da informacia ar dado Tavis Facebook-is gverdze Catarebuli
konkursis Sesaxeb.
Cvens mier qvemoT gamoqveynebuli foto-masalebi, sxvisi gver-
didan movipovebT, romelsac ver vasaxelebT, vinZlo, CvensaviT ma-
sac ar ganurisxdes moskovis konkursis „laureati“ zaza daviTaia.
570
bolokuda: zaza daviTaia, erovnul moZraobaSi Semovida axal-
gazrda patriotTa jgufiT, saxelwodebiT – „Zveli saxli“, Semdgom
igi Tengiz kikaCeiSvilisa da vaxtang cagareiSvilis mrgvali magidis
„ilia marTlis sazogadoebis“ wevri gaxda, saidanac garicxul iqna.
amis Semdgom , zaza daviTaiam, mama basil mkalaviSvilis eklesias mia-
Sura , magram man iqac ver uRalata Tavis znes da mama basil mkalaviS-
vilma igi anaTemaze gadacemiT gankveTa mrevlidan.
1997 wels, zaza daviTaiam, saqarTveloSi dabrunebul manana
arCvaZiseul „mrgval magidas“ miaSura. erovnul moZraobaSi Caner-
gili zaza daviTaias funqcia iyo TanamebrZolebis urTierT wakide-
ba, dasmena, Worebis gavrceleba, organizaciaSi dapirispirebisa da
ganxeTqilebis warmoqmna. manana arCvaZem, amgvari destruqciuli
qmedebebisaTvis igi „mrgvali magididan“ garicxa da ybebic daun-
gries. z. daviTaia araerTxel iqna SemCneuli miliciis maRalCinos-
nebTan farul TanamSromlobaSi mitingebis msvlelobis drosac.
zaza daviTaia, Cemi da eTer mgalobliSvilis mier Seqmnil „anti-
saarCevno blokSic“ mogvevlina, sadac igi Cveuli destruqciuli
qmedebebiT gamoirCeoda.
1999 w.25 oqtombers, saxelmwifo televiziasTan, Cvens mier or-
571
ganizebul saprotesto aqcias zaza daviTaiac SemouerTda. mili-
ciam, radgan darbevis muqariT ver dagvSala, Cveni Rirsebis Semlax-
vel RonisZiebas mimarTa – saRebavebiT dagviTxupnes saxe, samosi da
plakatebi. miliciis oper-muSaki, sanam qimiur saRebavebs Segvasx-
amda, miSa salaZem da daviT kacitaZem, zaza daviTaia, am usiamovno
proceduras mzrunvelad gaarida da moSorebiT gaiyvanes. saRebave-
bis Sesxmis Semdgom ki z. daviTaia, kvlav qvabavazakuri RimiliT Se-
mogvierTda. saRebavebis Sesxmis aqts manqanidan uSualod xelmZR-
vanelobda mTavari milicieli soso alaviZe.
ai, am fotoze, zaza daviTaia Cvens Soris dgas sruliad uvnebeli.
Semdgom, zaza daviTaia, irina sariSvilisa da igor giorgaZis par-

tiaSi aRmoCnda. ramodenime Tvis Semdgom mis sacxovrebeli binis
sardafSi aRmoaCines sabrZolo arsenali da blomad rusuli fuli,
ris gamoc saakaSvilis xelisuflebam igi daapatimra da jaSuSo-
bis braldebiT gaasamarTla, xolo ivaniSvilis xelisuflebam ki
„politpatimris“ statusiT gaaTavisufla. gaTavisuflebuli da-
viTaia, gazeT „asaval-dasavalis“ wamyvan korespondentad da lado
bedukaZis (cixis jalaTis) mokavSired moevlina sazogadoebas.
leila comaia
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №34, gv. 14. 2013 w.
572
eklesiis mamebi mrevls 9 aprilis
mitingze wasvlas ukrZalaven
qristes brwyinvale aRdgomis wlevandeli dResaswauli

(19(6) aprili) didmarxvis ukanasknel kvireebs iTvlis. saero
cxovrebaSic, moaxloebuli 9 aprilis mitingis gamo imata
daZabulobam. sapatriarqo, romelic dRemde ver gaTavisuflebula
xelisuflebis zegavlenisagan, aqtiurad cdilobs saakaSvilis
xelisuflebis sasargeblod gaaneitralos, an sulac aRkveTos
saprotesto gamosvlebi. am mizniT, taZrebSi momravlebul mrevls,
9 aprils daniSnul mitingze wasvlas kategoriulad ukrZalaven.
akrZalvis motivad didmarxva saxeldeba, rac TavisTavad saTno
da qvel kanonizebul morCilebas moiTxovs yoveli morwmunis
mxridan. Tumca, eklesiis winamZRvrebi da, mRvdlebi, Tavad,
ratomRac iviwyeben kanonikur wesebs da ambionebidan, saRvTo
swavleba-qadagebebis nacvlad, umeteswilad, mini-mitingebs
utareben morwmune mrevls.
ase xdeba aRdgomis am didmarxvis dReebSic sapatriarqos
davalebiT.
29 marts, sololakis zemo beTlemis erTma anglma da
Wkuamxiarulma mRvdelma, romelic wirva-locvebs sul mudam
anglobiT da sulswrafobiT atarebs, sakvirao „qadagebaSi“ (igi
mxolod politikuri Sinaarsis „qadagebebs“ atarebs) mourideblad
gaamaTraxa teritoriuli mTlianobis dacvisa da saxelmwifoebrivi
damoukideblobisaTvis saqarTvelos istoriaSi warmoebuli
brZolebi. gaabiabura qarTvelTa patriotuli da gmiruli
suliskveTebani. dascina axali da uaxlesi periodis erovnul-
ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas, gaatrizava damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia da igi
„barabad“ moixsenia, dagmo 9 aprilis gmiruli Tavganwirva da
iqve cinikuri kiTxvac dasva: „damoukidebloba... Tavisufleba...
ra, damoukideblebi vaarT?! – jer iyo da SevardnaZis gadadgomas
moiTxovdnen – „gadadeqi-gadadeqi! axla miSasi...“
573
mRvdeli kirionis (eriskacobaSi zurab zeinkliSvili) msgavsi
politizirebuli „qadagebebi“, patriarqis kurTxeviT, tardeba
TiTqmis yvela moqmed eklesiaSi. amave Sinaarsisaa TviT patriarqis
ukanaskneli sakvirao qadagebebic.
mama kirions, erTi SexedviTac umal
daatyobT, rom mas rekvizitiseul qarTul
gvarTan atavisturi winaaRmdegobebi aqvs
da sasurvelia, kargad gaerkves sakuTar
eTnogenezisSi; miuxedavad imisa, rom igi
qarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiis
mRvdelia, aravin mouTmens Cveni istoriisa
da erovnuli Rirsebis Seuracxyofas.
imis gamo, rom eklesiis umravlesi
samRvdelo piri dabali socialuri fenis
da mwiri ganaTlebis mqonea, inteligencia
Tavs aridebs maTTan urTierTobas da
mrevlTa Soris isini TiTze CamosaTvlelni
arian, rac samRvdeloebas SesaZleblobas
uqmnis mouzRudvelad iqadagon msgavsi mkrexelobebi. maSin, roca
mrevlTa umravlesobam jerovnad ar icis ziarebis wesi, metaniisa
da zeTiscxebis raoba da a. S. uRirsad eziarebian, riTac mZimed
scodaven. Cven morCilad ramdenjerme vTxoveT mamaoebs, rom
yoveli ziarebis win gamoacxadon ziarebis wesi, raTa srulad
gamoiricxos uneblie ziarebis SemTxvevebi, magram ar iqna
gaTvaliswinebuli. Tumca, mraval eklesiaSi, mRvdlebi, ziarebas,
swored amgvari aucilebeli ganmanaTlebluri qadagebiT iwyeben.
rac Seexeba saxelmwifoebriv damoukideblobas, diax,
samwuxarod, faqtobrivad davkargeT igi, raSic lomis wili udevs
sapatriarqos, kerZod – kaTolikos-patriarq ilia II, romelic
saidumlo kavSirSi iyo ruseTis agenturul qarTul politikur
ZalebTan da kanonier prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mravalgzisi
Txovnis miuxedavad, Sobis marxvis dReebSi, ar mouwoda maT
simSvidisaken, aramed miemxro xuntas da 13 wlis ganmavlobaSi
locva-kurTxevas ar aklebda saqarTvelos maoxrebel xuntistur
xelisuflebas.
sentimentaluri xmebi imis Sesaxeb, rom patriarqma, TiTqos
moinania erisa da qveynis winaSe Cadenili zemoxsenebuli codva,
574
miTia, razec metyvelebs eklesiis umravlesi mamebis, Tundac
dRevandeli mZulvare qadagebebi zviad gamsaxurdias mimarT, rasac,
patriarqis nebis sapirispirod, mRvdelTagan veravin gabedavda.
sololakis zemo beTlemis mRvdel kirion zeinkliSvils ki,
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ganqiqebis kurTxeva, amave eklesiis
winamZRvris, dekanoz mama ioane rostiaSvilisgan hqonda micemuli,
romelic, agreTve Seuwynarebelia erovnuli prezidentis mimarT.
sanam eklesia ar ganiwmindeba sabWoTa ruseTis mier Canergili
anaforiani mglebisagan, manam RvTis madli ar gadmova, arc erze
da arc Cvens bedkrul samSobloze, Tundac sruliad saqarTvelos
eklesiebma, ver daitios morwmune da guliTadad mlocveli mreveli.
Cven, amasTanave, mTeli sisavsiT vacnobierebT sapatirarqoSi
Seqmnil Casafrebul viTarebasac patriarqis savarZelis SesaZlo
gamoTavisuflebis SemTxvevaSi, rom kvlav ruseTis sasurveli
patriarqiT moxdes axlis Canacvleba, risTvisac samzadis-Tadarigi
ruseTs, ukve didi xania dawyebuli aqvs, rac erma da bermac ar
unda davuSvaT.
mRvdelmTavrebis Surma da
gautanlobam TviT ieso
qristes ganumzada golgoTis
jvari da ra gasakviria,
dRevandeli mRvdelmTavrebis
arCevani, baraba SevardnaZesa
da zviads Soris, rom pirvelTa
sasargeblod gadawyvites?
mRvdeli kirionis mier
zviadis barabad Seracxvam
warmoqmna survili gamekeTebina ramdenime amonaridi romelime
saxarebidan qristes jvarcmasTan dakavSirebiT. miTumetes,
rodesac, eklesiebSi, saxarebis es Tavebi iCqmaleba da arasrulad
ikiTxeba, risi mizeziTac xalxSi gavrcelebulia araswori codna
qristes jvarcmis mosurneTa realuri vinaobis Sesaxeb.
zepiri da moaruli codnis mixedviT, jvarcmisaTvis ulmob-
lobiT gametebul qristesa da barabas Soris, arCevani, TiTqos,
xalxma gaakeTa.
modiT erTad, gulisyuriT wavikiTxoT markozis saxarebis
meTxuTmete Tavis dasawyisi:
575
“1. inaTa Tu ara, bWoba gamarTes mRvdelmTavrebma, uxucesebsa
da mwignobrebTan erTad, da mTelma sinedrionma, da Sekres ieso,
waiyvanes da misces pilates”.
“3. da mRvdelmTavrebi bevr rasmes debdnen bralad”.
“9. xolo pilatem miugo da uTxra maT: Tu gnebavT
gagiTavisuflebT Tqven iudevelTa mefes.
10. magram mRvdelmTavrebma waaqezes xalxi, raTa umal baraba
gaeTavisuflebina maTTvis.
12. xolo pilatem miugo da kvlav uTxra maT: ki magram, ra
gsurT rom vuyo imas, visac iudevelTa mefes uwodebT!
13. isini kvlav ayvirdnen: jvars acvi igi!”
oTxive saxarebaSi, qristes jvarcmis wamqezeblebi da
barabas gamomxsnelebi, mRvdelmTavrebi arian, mwignobrebTan
erTad. qristesdroindel mRvdelmTavrebsa da XX-XXI saukunis
mRvdelmTavrebis moralSi, TiTqmis araferi Secvlila, magram am
mware realobam ki ar unda dagvaSoros eklesias, aramed ufro
metad dagvaaaxlovos mas, raTa uflis saxlSi marTalni da uflis
WeSmariti moyvareni mravlobdnen.
leila comaia
gaz. `ganmaTaviuflebeli“ 20, 2009 w.
576
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saxeliT moqmedi
renegatebi ...
yovelkvireul gazeTSi „ilori“ (333 (392) 29 sqtemberi – 6 oqtomberi,

2015), me-6 gverdze daibeWda e.w. „qarTveli emigrantebis werili“, rom-
lebic iuwyebodnen, rom TiTqosda siriaSi ibrZvis prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias momxre 3 035 gvardieli, romelTa nawili „2015 wlis 10 ivniss
siriaSi, damaskoSi, Ramis 3-4 saaTze, masonuri amerikis mier gawrTvnil-
ma 20-mde teroristma, konspiraciul binaSi, sadac imyofebodnen...“ (Ca-
moTvlilia gvar-saxelebi, romlis gameorebas aq ar vapirebT im ubralo
mizeziT, rom yvela gvar-saxeli, werilis xelmomwerebianad aris yalbi da
mogonili) cecxlsasroli iaraRebiT daWres, magram qarTvelma mebrZoleb-
ma ocive momxvduri gaanadgura, xolo Tavad daWrilebi ki putinis mier
gagzavnili spec-TviTmfrinaviT gadaiyvanes moskovis erT-erT prestiJul
saavadmyofoSi, sadac srul reabilitaciamde umkurnales, risTvisac e. w.
„zviadisti“ mebrZolebi did madlobas uxdian putins.
niSandoblivia, rom gazeTi „ilori“ saagento saqinformis egidiT
gamodis, romlis mTavari redaqtori rusofili anro xidirbegiSvilia
da saagentos logozec ruseTis federaciis droSa udevs. Tavad gazeT
„ilors“ ki moskovSi moRvawe aleqsandre WaWias separatisti Tanamzrax-
velebi afinanseben.
msgavs qvebudan „zviadist-
Ta“ TviTlustrirebis proce-
sis apoTeozs warmoadgenda,
mimdinare 2015 wlis 28
oqtombers, parlamentis Seno-
basTan gamarTuli ramdenime
aTeulkaciani mitingi, romel-
sac uZRvebodnen giorgi ker-
valiSvili, beso miqava, soso
jajaniZe, guram maqacaria,
nugzar SavTvalaZe, daviT WabukaSvili da sxva renegatebi. maT, Cveuli
aqtivobiT, mxars umSvenebda irakli Soniac, romelmac Tavis samitingo
sityvaSi „kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenac“ ki miuloca momitingeebs;
ase amod da yalbadmetyveli es jgufi „zviadistebisa“, Semokrebilan, um-
wifari gonebis da specsamsaxurebTan moTanamSromle giorgi kervaliSv-
ilTan da nebsiT Tu uneblied axdenen profanacias zviad gamsaxurdias
politikuri mrwamsis, ideis da TviT erovnuli moZraobisac;
mitingis apoTeozi ki gaxldaT eTer mgalobliSvilis grZeli da
mWeqare sityva siriaSi mebrZol „zviadist gvardielebze“ da maTi
577
mimarTvis teqstis wakiTxva „erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli“ moZrao-
bisadmi, romelSic gatarebuli iyo azri da paTosi, rom zviadi cocxal-
ia da igi Zlevamosili dabrundeba saqarTveloSi, ruseTis sateliti
baSar al asadis reJimis gamarjvebis Semdeg, Tavis „gmir“ gvardielebTan
erTad!
imave mimarTvis teqsts avrcelebs internetiT moskovSi mcxovrebi
FSB agenti, kolaboracionisti zaza gabedava, romelic iribi mokavSire
gaxlavT saqarTveloSi „erovnuli moZraobis da zviadistis“ wodebiT
moqmedi zemoxsenebuli kervaliSvilis jgufis.
ubedureba da mware cinizmicaa, rom prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
uzenaesi sabWos deputatTa mniSvnelovani nawilic, dRes ukve, ruseTTan
integraciis momxred gvevlineba, riTac gadafaseba xdeba zviadis xelisu-
flebis politikuri kursisa; Tu zviadis erovnuli xelisufleba 1992 wlis
6 ianvars ruseTis imperiul samxedro manqanasTan uTanasworo brZolaSi
fizikurad damarcxda, dRes renegat uzenaesi sabWos deputatebis sim-
ravliT, ukve zviadis ideur-politikuri marcxic ikveTeba, rac katastro-
fis momaswavebelia qarTveli erisTvis progresisa da civilizaciis gzaze;
saqarTvelos, rogorc saxelmwifos, samarcxvino regresi elis.
dRes ufro mkveTrad gamovlinda, rom qarTveli eri, arc mental-
urad da arc ganaTlebis siRrmiT iyo mzad saqarTvelos saxelmwifoe-
brivi damoukideblobisTvis da misi absoluturi umravlesoba, zviadis
qarizmis moxalise Tanamdev masas Seadgenda...
Cven gulwrfelad Sors varT im azrisgan, rom erovnul-ganmaTavisu-
flebeli moZraobis is warmomadgenlebi da uzenaesi sabWos is deputa-
tebi, romlebmac gadauxvies zviadis gzas, yvelani imTaviTve Canergile-
bi iyvnen, magram aseve gulwrfelad ar gvjera, rom yvela es kategoria,
ase ubralod ver grZnobdes pasuxismgeblobas erisa da qveynis winaSe da
ar rekdes maTSi sindisis xma.
raoden samwuxaroa, rom arcTu iSviaTad gviwevs amaze wera. „zviad
gamsaxurdias erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis 3 035 mebrZoli“...
es imgvari yurismomWreli sicruea, rom sircxvilisgan Tvalebic ki
dagexuWeba patiosan mkiTxvels gazeTi „iloris“ Tu sxva msgavsi („saer-
To gazeTi“, „asaval-dasavali“...) rusuli orientaciis beWduri mediis
kiTxvisas.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias 1000 erTguli da Tavdadebuli Sei-
araRebuli mebrZoli rom hyoloda, quTaisis maxloblad gubiswyalTan
ki ver SeaCerebda SevardnaZe-SaSiaSvil-ioselianis xunta, aramed Tbil-
isamdec moaRwevdnen, qveyanaSi aRadgendnen konstituciur wesrigs da
saqarTvelo politikurad, ekonomikurad da teritoriuladac, dRemde
gacilebiT ufro daculi, Zlieri da mtkice iqneboda.
578
hei Tqven, putinis qveSevmr-
domno, qvaxvrelSi mZromo TviT-
marqvia zviadistebo, SewyviteT
zviadis winaaRmdeg brZola zvia-
disave saxeliT!
Tqven ar mogeliT saqarTve-
lo!!
leila comaia
47, dekemberi, gv. 8, 2015 w.
„kanonieri erovnuli xeli-

suflebis aRdgenis komitetis“
saxeliT moqmedi es jgufi (beso
miqava, giorgi kervaliSvili,
giorgi TevzaZe, daviT Sonia,
vaxtang baxtaZe, guram maqaca-
ria da sxv.), prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias saxelmwifoe-
brivi politikuri, dasavluri
irientaciisagan, radikalurad
gansxvavebuli plaTformisa-
ni arian da rusuli specsam-
saxurebisagan imarTebian. maTi
umravlesoba, samxedro-krimi-
naluri gadatrialebis dros,
Ria opoziciaSi edga zviad gam-
saxurdias da mtrobdnen mas. es
moRalate qvab-avazakebi, dRes,
manana arCvaZis „mrgvali magi-
dis“ saxeliT moqmedeben da politikur gancxadebebs akeTeben sa-
qarTvelos natoSi integraciisa da evropuli orientaciis winaaR-
mdeg, risTvisac maT sruli kart-blanSi aqvT micemuli, TavianTi
lideris – manana arCvaZisagan.
579
biZina ivaniSvilma, saqarTvelo, sakuTar
biznes-obieqtad daigula
erTaderTi, rac damaluli ar yofila, politikaSi meteoriviT

SemoWrili bankiris biZina ivaniSvilis mxridan da mis mierve imTa-
viTve gacxadebuli iyo, es gaxldaT xelisuflebaSi moRvaweobis
periodi, romelic man Tavdapirvelad samwliani vadiT gansazRvra,
Tumca isedac arasakmarisi dro, manve, aw ukve sulac erT wlamde
Seamcira.
politika da saxelisuflo mmarTveloba, mogexsenebaT, sacir-
ko klounada ar aris, rom xalxi iluziuri efeqtebiT acxovro;
erT weliwadSi mniSvnelovani berketebis Seqmna da yvela sferoSi
realuri sasikeTo cvlilebebis gaxorcieleba, ubralod SeuZle-
belia, sam weliwadSi ki savsebiT SesaZlebli iyo! ukanaskneli 22
wlis ganmavlobaSi, SevardnaZe-saakaSvilis reJimebiT, totaluri
ubedurebis gadamtani xalxi, Svebis molodiniT, sami wlis Tmenis
valdebulebiT aRiWurva. Tumca Cven, imTaviTve eWvi SevitaneT da
undoblad movekideT „qarTuli ocnebis“ saxelwodebiT mosul iva-
niSvils (ix.gaz. №31-„qarTuli ocneba”...viTarmed ara ra sad(a)me...”
№33 - „ pilateoba politikaSi“ da sxv.).
vin aris biZina ivaniSvili, cinikosi, Tu uTvalavi simdidriT
gayeyeCebuli poziori, romelic Semoxta politikaSi, raTa saku-
Tari TavisTvis amis SemZleobac daemtkicebina?!
biZina ivaniSvils mecnierebaSic Seudgams fexi da raRac su-
bieqtur-originaluri „CaxvdomebiT“ samecniero xarisxic ki mou-
povebia! amjerad ki, politikidan „samoqalaqo seqtoris“ mizans-
cenaze apirebs asvlas. es sferoc, Cvens TanamedroveobaSi erTob
prestiJul-popularulia, magram, ara imdenad gavleniani, rom iva-
niSvilma, aw ukve am mizanscenidan SesZlos „xelisuflebis mkacri
kontroli“, rogorc Tavad iqadnis amas!
ivaniSvils, rogorc premier-ministrs araviTari samarTlebri-
vi valdebuleba ara gaaCnia xalxis winaSe, ivaniSvils politikuri
Tanamdebobidan gadadgomis ufleba konstituciis Casworebuli
(2013 w.) variantiT amgvarad aqvs miniWebuli:
580
saqarTvelos konstitucia
muxli 79
[1. mTavrobis meTauria premier-ministri
[7. premier-ministris gadadgoma an misi uflebamosilebis
sxvagvarad Sewyveta iwvevs mTavrobis sxva wevrTa uflebamo-
silebis Sewyvetas...
[muxli 80 (1)
1. mTavrobis uflebamosilebis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi saqar-
Tvelos prezidenti 7 dRis vadaSi premierministrobis kandida-
tad wamoayenebs saparlamento umravlesobis... mier wardgenil
kandidaturas...
[muxli 81
5. ...axali premier-ministrisa da mTavrobis wevrTa daniSvna
xdeba konstituciis me-80 muxlis me-8 punqtiT dadgenili we-
siT (da es wesi asea gansazRvruli: mTavrobis SemadgenlobisT-
vis ndobis gamocxadebidan 2 dRis vadaSi prezidenti niSnavs
premier-ministrs, xolo premier-ministri aseve 2 dRis vadaSi
– mTavrobis sxva wevrebs...)
rogorc xedavT, premier-ministr ivaniSvils, konstituciiT
ara aqvs miniWebuli Tanamdebobrivi memkvidreobiTobis uflebac,
anu Tavisi Semcvlelis dasaxelebis (wardgenis) ufleba-valde-
bulebac. miuxedavad amisa mis yovel gamosvlaSi igi apelirebs
Semcvlelze, rac aJitirebulia Jurnalistebis mxridan.
ratom unda waradginos biZina ivaniSvilma axali premieris
kandidatura, romelsac prezidentad arCevis SemTxvevaSi ueWve-
lad daamtkicebs giorgi margvelaSvili da romlis prezidento-
bas ise dabejiTebiT winaswarmetyvelebs ivaniSvili, TiTqos win,
uCveulod rTuli (daregistrirebulia 23 kandidati) arCevnebi ar
elis?! dRes, 2012 wlis saparlamento arCevnebisgan gansxvavebiT,
mniSvnelovnad Secvlilia xalxis damokidebuleba „koalicia qar-
Tuli ocnebisa“ da TviT biZina ivaniSvilis personis mimarT, ra-
sac amZimebs misi favoriti kandidatis margvelaSvilis uniaTobis
faqtori. xalxi gulgatexili da imedgacruebulia ivaniSvilisa da
misi mTavrobis mimarT, xalxi kategoriulad ver egueba „respu-
581
blikelebis“ primats parlamentsa Tu sakrebuloebSi.
swored amgvarma myife real-viTarebam warmoSva vadamdeli
saparlamento arCevnebis Catarebis sakiTxze referendumis Ca-
tarebis moTxovna centraluri saarCevno komisiaSi. ixileT ofi-
cialuri dokumenti:

mTavari mediisaTvis pres relizebi
30 seqtembris sxdomis Sedegebi
30 seqtemberi 2013 weli
30 seqtembers gamarTul sxdomaze, centralurma saarCev-

no komisiam sainiciativo jgufis mier sareferendumod Semo-
Tavazebuli sakiTxis formulireba daazusta. amomrCevelTa
sainiciativo jgufma (SemadgenlobiT: iago wiklauri da gela
mestiaSvili) 25 seqtembers centralur saarCevno komisia-
Si warmoadgina sareferendumo sakiTxi „Tanaxma xarT, Tu ara,
rom saqarTveloSi Catardes riggareSe saparlamento arCevne-
bi?”. aRniSnuli sakiTxis formulireba sainiciativo jguf-
ma daazusta da Semdegi saxiT warmoadgina - „Tanaxma xarT
Tu ara, rom 2014 wels saqarTveloSi Catardes riggare-
Se saparlamento arCevnebi?”.
nebismieri Sedegis SemTxvevaSi (gaimarjvebs, Tu ara margve-
laSvili) saprezidento arCevnebisa da biZina ivaniSvilis premie-
robidan gadadgomis Semdgom, riggareSe saparlamento arCevnebis
sakiTxi kidev ufro gaaqtiurdeba, radgan xalxs calsaxad ar
moswons arsebuli parlamenti, romelic xalxis iZulebiTi arCeva-
ni iyo. analogiuri iZulebis meTodiT (anu, ivaniSvilis qarizmiT),
veWvob, rom xalxma axla margvelaSvilsac misces xma. xalxi ukve
ivaniSviliTac ganxiblulia! Tumca, es sulac ar aCens perspeqti-
vas, rom xmebis gadadineba daviT baqraZis sasargeblod moxdeba.
582
ivaniSvilis yofili amomrCeveli „nacionalur moZraobaze“ Se-
momwyrali da sabolood zurgSeqceuli eleqtoratia!
nino burjanaZes stabiluri politikuri orientaciisa da sta-
biluri raodenobis mxardamWerebi hyavs, magram es sakmarisi rao-
denoba mainc ar aris, rac ar unda didi fuli Cados ruseTma Ta-
visi favoriti kandidatis gaprezidentebisTvis.
miuxedavad imisa, rom 27 oqtombris arCevnebSi saprezidento
kandidatad 54 msurvelma Seitana ganacxadi da maTgan mxolod
23 kandidati daaregistrira cesko-m, es dRemde uprecendentod
maRali cifri xmebis soliduri raodenobis ganbnevas gamoiwvevs
da seriozul saarCevno kriziss Seqmnis, rac damatebiT faqto-
rad iqceva arCevnebis meore turis aucileblobisaTvis. obieqtu-
ri da samarTliani arCevnebis gamarTvis SemTxvevaSi, pirvel tur-
Si, margvelaSvilis gamarjveba nakleb mosalodnelia. ivaniSvilis
xelisufleba iZulebuli Seiqmneba xeli waucdes Sedegebis 5-10%
gayalbebaze, risi saxelisuflo resursic maT, damkvirvebelTa
-raodenobis pirobebSic ki namdvilad gaaCniaT!
ivaniSvilma, imisaTvis rom gavlena SeinarCunos saqarTvelos
mTavrobasa da parlamentze, xelisuflebis umaRles „eSelonebSi“
unda datovos misTvis misaRebi premieri da prezidenti. sakuTari
„jibis parlamenti“; maRalanazRaurebadi saparlamento umravle-
soba, rogorc aseTi, mas ukve hyavs!
ivaniSvili qveteqstebiT mosaubre personaa; igi pasuxobs opo-
nentebs, rom igi arsad ar garbis, rom misi gadadgoma ar niSnavs
wasvlas, aramed igi rCeba ufro Zlier xelisuflad. ivaniSvilis
gaTvliT, saakaSvilis legitimurad Camocilebis da miT „naciona-
luri moZraobis“ dasustebiT, igi xelT igdebs yvela saxelisuflo
berkets sakuTari biznes Tu komerciuli saqmianobis SeuzRuda-
vad warmarTvisaTvis. ivaniSvili gegmavs Seqmnas e.w. Tavisuflebis
institutis tipis moqnili organizacia. „samoqalaqo seqtorSi“ Ca-
budeba mas sWirdeba srul da yovlimomcvel sagarantio berketad;
axal samoqalaqo seqtors ivaniSvili uxvad daafinansebs, raTa
swrafad iqces igi yvelaze mZlavr da konkurentunarian arasam-
Tavrobo organizaciad.
27 oqtombris saprezidento arCevnebze, mTeli saqarTvelos
masStabiT, saWiroa dafiqsirdes sruli samoqalaqo aqtivoba,
raTa xelisuflebas arCevnebis gayalbebis, rac SeiZleba naklebi
583
SesaZlebloba mieces. unda gvaxsovdes, rom Cven, jer kidev Sors
vdgavarT demokratiisagan. ukanasknelma welma qveyanaSi namdvi-
lad gaaCina imis perspeqtiva, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes arasasurve-
li prezidentisa da parlamentis erTi saarCevno vadiT mocileba.
bankiri ivaniSvili ki amaod fiqrobs, rom man yvelaferi gaT-

vala; saqarTvelo da qarTveli eri ase martivad gasaTvleli fe-
nomeni ar aris!
leila comaia,
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №38,2013.
584
ratom moafara Tvals saxelovan mamuliSvilTa
marmarilos dafebi pirveli klasikuri gimnaziis
axalma direqtorma?!
Tbilisis pirveli klasikuri gimnazia (daarsda 1830 wels), de-

kember-ianvris samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebis dros omis
epicentrSi moeqca, daiwva da TiTqmis srulad ganadgurda ruse-
Tis imperiis SeiaraRebiTa da sateliti xuntisturi Zalebis mier.
istoriuli gimnaziis srulad aRdgena da masSi swavlis ganaxleba,
mxolod 1995 wlis 1 seqtembers gaxda SesaZlebeli; es pirveli Se-
noba iyo, romelic, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom umokles vadebSi (3 weli-
wadSi) aRadgines.
niSandoblivia, rom ruseTis imperiis samxedro agresias Se-
wiruli klasikuri gimnaziis istoriuli Senoba moskovis meriam
aRadgina da es iyo `keTili da humanuri~ Jesti ruseTis emisris
e. SevardnaZis mimarT... (TiTqmis ganadgurebuli uzenaesi sabWos
(parlamentis) Senoba ki ufro mogvianebiT aRdga, xolo mxatvarTa
saxlis aRdgenis procesi mxolod 23 wlis Sedeg, 2015 wels daiwyo
da 2018 wels dasrulda).
klasikuri gimnaziis meore sarTulis gamWoli aivnis fligeleb-
Si ganTavsebuli iyo muzeumi, romlis marcxena kedels amSvenebda
am gimnaziis yofili saxelovani moswavleebis grigol orbelianis,
nikoloz baraTaSvilis, daviT sarajiSvilis, petre meliqiSvilis,
kote marjaniSvilis, zaqaria faliaSvilis, ilia winamZRvriSvilis,
giorgi erisTavis (mesame sarTulze dResac moqmedebs erisTavis
saxelobis Teatris darbazi marmarilos dafiani warweriT, rom
1850 w. gimnaziis scenaze pirvelad daidga amave skolis yofili
moswavlis giorgi erisTavis piesa `gayra~), ilia WavWavaZis, ale-
qsandre sumbaTaSvil-iuJinis, ivane javaxiSvilis, daviT sarajiS-
vilis, vladimer nemiroviC-danCenkos... xolo, marjvena kedels,
zviad gamsaxurdias da merab kostavas aseTive TeTri marmarilos
oqroswarweriani memorialuri dafebi.
mimdinare, axali saswavlo wlis dawyebisTvis, ivlis-agvistos
TveSi Catarebuli kosmetikuri remontis Semdgom, memorialuri
585
dafebi kedlebidan gaqra da fligelebis rekonstruqciis Sede-
gad iq Tanamedrove, Seminuli saeqsponanto kvadratuli karadebi
daidga, xolo fligelebi Cairaza Seminuli aluminis karebiT, ri-
Tac moswavleebs sanavardo sivrcec SeezRuda da waerTva (ixileT
fotoebi).
Cven, cxadia davinteresdiT, Tu sad da ratom gadaitanes memo-

rialuri dafebi da saswavlo wlis dawyebidan ramdenime dReSi di-
lis cxris naxevarze vewvieT klasikuri gimnaziis axal direqtors,
Tamar kapanaZes. qalbatonma Tamarma gangvimarta, rom memorial-
uri dafebi misi kabinetis derefnis kedlebze ganaTavsa da Zvel
adgilas aRar apirebs maT dabrunebas, rameTu iq sxva saxis isto-
riuli eqsponantebi ganTavsdebao. Cven, aseve davinteresdiT Tu
visi gadawyvetileba iyo es, ganaTlebis saministros Tu piradad
misi, razec man Tavdajerebulad gangvicxada, rom Tavad man miiRo
aseTi gadawyvetileba. radgan qalbatoni Tamari Cvenma kiTxvebma
gaaRiziana, aRar gavagrZeleT misTvis kiTxvebis dasma; cxadi iyo,
igi Tvlida, rom direqtoris Tanamdeboba mas, istoriuli memori-
alebis „miyuCebul“ adgilas gadatanis uflebasac aniWebda. miWirs
imis dajereba, rom qalbatonma Tamarma ar icis memorialebis fun-
qcia da daniSnuleba, rom memorialebi, swored gamoCinebul adgi-
las da sajaro sivrceSi unda iyos ganTavsebuli...
axla, erTaderTis imedad unda viyoT, rom biZina ivanaSvilis
„koaliciuri ocnebis” axali kadri qalbatoni Tamar kapanaZe,
mquxare da elvare saxelebiani memorialebisagan gamoTavisu-
flebul sivrces, sabWoTa periodikis eqsponantebiT ar gadat-
virTavs da seminarebis ciklebs ar miuZRvnis mas moswavle- ax-
586
algazrdebis tvinebis gamosarecxad Tu istoriuli mexsierebis
waSlis aRZruli JiniT.
mqonda ra winaTgrZnobiTi gancda, rom romelime xelisufali
uTuod moarRvevda am muzeums, 2013 wels marjvena fligelTan
(sadac mxolod es sami memorialuri dafa iyo ganTavsebuli),
suraTi gadaviRe, raTa istoriisTvis Semomenaxa igi. vin icis,
iqneb, swored, am or mquxare saxelebs (zviadi, merabi) Seewira
sxva saxelovani mamuliSvilebis marcxena fligelis muzeumic,
raTa SeeniRbaT diskriminaciis aqti?...
ganadgurebis safrTxe emuqreba klasikuri gimnaziis istori-
ul, unikalur arqivs, romelic daudevrad Cayrilia gimnaziis
sardafSi.
leila comaia,
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, 2015 wlis oqtomberi, №46
587
`kolxur koSkze~ vandalizmi xorcieldeba!
eduard SevardnaZis xuntam, samxedro-kriminaluri gadatriale-

biT daamxo da saqarTvelodan gandevna ra kanonieri erovnuli xe-
lisufleba, 1992 wlis 15 marts, alionze gaZarcva da gadawva didi
klasikosi mwerlis konstantine gamsaxurdias “kolxuri koSki” -
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias sacxovrisi, raTa koSkis binadarni
aRarasodes dabrunebodnen mas. Tumca, farisevelma SevardnaZem,
ramdenime dRis Semdeg, aRSoTebuli masis dasaSoSmineblad gaake-
Ta sityvieri gancxadeba gadamwvari koSkis aRdgenasTan dakavSire-
biT, rasac umal saprotesto weriliT upasuxa groznoSi devnilma
prezidentma.
werili maleve gamoqveynda aralegalur iatakqveSa gazeT `qar-
Tul azrSi~ (11, 31 marti, 1992 w.) da “iberia-speqtrSi”c (ix. qve-
moT).
`Tbilisi
eduard SevardnaZes
konstantine gamsaxurdias saxl-muzeumis dawvisTvis Tqven

qarTveli eri mogTxovT pasuxs, iseve rogorc yvelafrisaTvis,
rac CaidineT.
rogorc CemTvis cnobili gaxda, Tqven farisevlurad ga-
nacxadeT, rom saxelmwifo aRadgens muzeums. me kategoriulad
moviTxov Tqvengan, xeli ar miakaroT Senobas, igi unda idges
damwvari da gadabuguli, rogorc Tqveni vandalizmisa da bar-
barosobis kidev erTi Zegli, gadamwvar TbilisTan erTad.
zviad gamsaxurdia
1992 wlis 19 marti~
ixileT werilis faqsimilec, romelic daculia qalbaton ru-

sudan kobaxiZis pirad arqivSi.
588
kolxuri koSkis gadawvasTan dakavSirebiT, gancxadebiT Cvenc
mivmarTeT saerTaSoriso organizaciebs (ix.qvemoT).
pen-klubis saerTaSoriso organizaciebs
kulturis ZeglTa dacvis saerTaSoriso organizaciebs
msoflios progresulad moazrovne yvela keTili nebis ada-
mians
589
saqarTvelos faqtobrivi meTauris eduard SevardnaZis xeli-
sufleba, oTxi welia eweva qarTveli klasikosi mwerlis, konstan-
tine gamsaxurdias saxl-muzeumis, kulturis Zeglis - „kolxuri
koSkis“ - vandalur ngrevas;
1992 wlis 15 marts, ruseTidan warmogzavnisTanave, eduard Se-
vardnaZem, Seusia vandalTa xrova „kolxur koSks“, romlebmac ga-
dawves igi da mosaxleobas ar misces ufleba CaeqroT aalebuli
xanZari. daiwva mwerlis unikaluri xelnawerebis, biblioTekisa da
avejis didi nawili.
SevardnaZis xelisufleba dRemde axorcielebs „kolxuri
koSkis“ gadarCenili nawilisa da damxmare saTavso-nagebobebis
ngrevas. sistematurad irbeva klasikosi mwerlis konstantine gam-
saxurdiasa da misi ojaxis saflavebic ki. „koSks“ ara hyavs ofi-
cialuri dacva. qarTvelma sazogadoebam, gazeTebiT, araerTxel
mivmarTeT SevardnaZes, raTa SeewyvitaT „kolxuri koSkis“ mizan-
dasaxuli ngreva da daeyenebinaT mcveli, magram - amaod.
axlaxan, mwerlis dabadebis winasaiubileo dReebSi daCiCqnes,
aqamde saswaulad gadarCenili mwerlis memorialuri dafa da ba-
reliefi koSkis galavnis kedelze.
gTxovT, CvenTan erTad aRimaRloT xma, qarTveli klasikosi
mwerlis, konstantine gamsaxurdias (rogorc msoflio mwerlis)
saxl-muzeumis, kulturis Zeglis - „kolxuri koSkis“ - dasacavad
da dagvexmaroT, rom momaval Taobebs, arsebuli saxiT mainc Se-
vunarCunoT es unikaluri nageboba.
sruliad saqarTvelos erovnul-politikuri organizaciis
„zviadis partiis“ saxeliT, partiis Tavmjdomare, mwerali lei-
la comaia
saqarTvelos wminda ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri,fi-
lologiis mecnierebaTa kandidati eTer mgalobliSvili
1996 wlis 30 aprili.
xuntis vandalizmis pasuxad, erSi miwyiv iSva keTili neba Seqm-
niliyo “kolxuri koSkis aRdgenis fondi”, raTa xalxis Semowiru-
lobebiT Sesxmoda xorci am mamuliSvilur ideas. xalxis keTil
nebaze Tanxmobis dasturad, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam Se-
qmna dokumenti, romlis Tanaxmad igi „kolxuri koSkis aRdgenas”
da fondis Tavmjdomareobas andobda filologiis mecniereba-
Ta doqtors, profesor guram SaraZes, romlis uSualo da Tav-
ganwiruli qmedebiT iqna Caqrobili xanZari da klasikosi mwerlis
590
konstantine gamsaxurdias koSkisa da arqivis nawilis gadarCena
(ixileT dokumenti, romelic, agreTve mogvawoda kolxuri koSki-
sa da arqivis dacvis komisiis maSindelma wevrma, amJamad - Tsu-s
qarTuli emigraciisa da guram SaraZis muzeumis ufrosma specia-
listma qalbatonma rusudan kobaxiZem, romelsac CvenTvis saWi-
ro am orive dokumentis mowodebisaTvis did madlobas vuxdiT).
dokumenti damtkicebulia groznos mTavari notariusis xel-

moweriTa da beWdiT, ramac ganapiroba “mindobilobis” rusul en-
aze Sedgenis aucilebloba.
unda aRiniSnos, rom es ar aris pirveli da erTaderTi vanda-
lizmi, rac ganaxorciela zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg antie-
rovnul-antisaxelmwifoebrivma xelisuflebam; zviad gamsaxurdias
politikur moRvaweobas Seewira konstantine gamsaxurdias agaraki
591
liZavaSic; imis gamo, rom xelisuflebas CaeSala zviadis mier, 1990
wlis 26 maiss, vakis „qariSxalas“ stadionze grandiozuli mitingis
Catareba, zviadis Tbilisidan gasatyueblad, 26 maiss, gamTeniisas,
liZavaSi dawves konstantines agaraki (miuxedavad amisa, 1990 wlis
26 maisis mitingi, ra masStabiTac Catarda stadionze, istoriisT-
vis kargadaa cnobili. ix. erTi foto-kadri).
konstantine gamsaxurdias agaraki liZavaSi
592
am ambebidan, erT kviraSi, kolxur koSkTan isroles xelyum-
bara, sadac idgnen zviad gamsaxurdia da 9 erovnuli moZraobis
aqtivistebi, 2002 wlis 23 marts ki gaZarcves da daarbies zviad
gamsaxurdias “odiSuri saxli” zugdidSi.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias veraguli likvidaciis Semdgom
(1993 w. 31 dekemberi), saqarTveloSi sacxovreblad dabrunebulma
manana arCvaZe-gamsaxurdiam (1977 w. aprili) moindoma ra kolxur
koSkSi cxovrebis gagrZeleba, parlamentar guram SaraZis meSveo-
biT, SevardnaZis xelisuflebis winaSe araerTxel wamoWra sakiTxi
kolxuri koSkis aRdgenis Taobaze; aRdgeniTi samuSaoebi, TiTqos
daiwyo-kidec biznesmenebis - elguja bubuteiSvilis, gogi TofaZi-
sa da sxvaTa finansuri mxardaWeriT, rac perioduli SeferxebebiT
mimdinareobda da sabolood, xelisuflebis cvlilebasTan erTad
SeCerda. Tumca, gadauxuravi da farRalala kedlebis pirobebSi
kolxur koSkSi cxovrebas mainc ganagrZobda prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias erT-erTi vaJi, amJamad politpatimrobaSi myofi cotne
gamsaxurdia (dapatimrebis TariRi 2009 wlis 28 oqtomberi).
2010 wlidan, kolxuri koSkis aRdgenis samuSaoebi ganaxlda
mmarTveli nacionaluri moZraobis deputatis dilar xabulianis
faruli lobirebiT, romelmac aRadgina megobruli kavSir-ur-
TierToba prezident zviad gamsaxurdias qvrivTan manana arCvaZes-
Tan. dilar xabuliani, romelic gaxldaT zviad gamsaxurdias Sina-
gan saqmeTa ministri, ar gamoirCeoda prezidentis erTgulebiT,
aramed Ralatobda mas. kolxuri koSkis aRdgeniTi samuSaoebi ki,
romelic misi faruli lobirebiT mimdinareobda, finansuri pro-
blemis gamo amJamad kvlav Sewyvetilia, Tumca, rac gakeTda, vera-
friT vuwodebT mas “kolxuri koSkis aRdgenas”, aramed, sruliad
sapirispiros _ “kolxuri koSkis” aRgvas , anu misi pirvandeli,
istoriuli saxis srulad waSlas (ix. konstantine gamsaxurdiaseu-
li kolxuri koSkis foto).
593
amJamad, TiTqmis, srulad mongreu-
lia “kolxuri koSkis “ ezos qongure-
biani galavani, xolo rkinis karibWis
aguris kedlidan Camoxsnilia konstan-
tines TeTri marmarilos memoriali
(ixileT qvemoTa suraTze).
cementis betoniT daterase-

bulia ezos ukana nawilis kl-
dovani zRude, daSenebul,
sruliad axal mesame sarTul-
sa da TaRovan farTebSi sru-
liad Cakargul-gamqralia is-
toriuli koSkura nageboba,
gadaadgilebulia saxlis cen-
traluri Sesasvlelis mde-
bareoba (gadatanilia ukan),
mTlianad Secvlilia fasadebi da interieri (ixileT fotoebi).
Cven, telefoniT, verc par-
lamentidan, verc meriidan da
verc kulturis saministro-
dan movipoveT informaciebi
imis Sesaxeb, Tu vin axorcie-
lebda e.w. aRdgeniT samuSaoe-
bs, ramdeni iyo saxelmwifos
wili da ramdeni - biznesmene-
bis (konkretuli biznesmene-
bis dasaxelebiT), ramdenia
daxarjuli gaweul samuSaoe-
bSi da rac mTavaria, vin aris amgvari mkrexeluri rekonstruqciis
proeqtis avtori.
594
is, rac `kolxuri koSkis
aRdgenis~ sababiT gaxorciel-
da, sinamdvileSi warmoadgens
vandalizms da amaze aucile-
blad ageben pasuxs is pirebi,
romlebic amgvari Seukavebe-
li cinizmiTa da sixarbiT
Seecadnen istoriuli kolxu-
ri koSkis aRgvas da mis
nacvlad, sruliad Taname-
drove, axali `vilis~ aSenebas,
ris erTaderT mesakuTradac
Tavs acxadebs prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias qvrivi ma-
nana arCvaZe da dausrulebe-
li qonebrivi sasamarTlo
dava aqvs Tavis ufros va-
JiSvil cotne gamsaxurdias-
Tan.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisufle-
beli“, 2012 wlis maisi, №32.
„ “, 2012 , N32.
595
droa, klasikosi konstantine gamsaxurdia, kolxuri
koSkidan mTawmindaze gadavasvenoT!
(15 maisi konstantine gamsaxurdias dabadebis dRa!)
„me davibade msoflios umcires da umokles mdinaris piras. mas

hqvia saxelad zana.
me momixda ramdenime universitetSi swavla leningradSi, kenigs-
bergSi, laipcigSi, miunxenSi, parizSi, bolos berlinSi. yvelgan da
yovelTvis me mixdeboda gajibreba germanelebTan, ebraelebTan,
polonelebTan, amerikelebTan da frangebTan.
aravis vumxeldi, magram Cems Tavs veubnebodi:
`Sen hei, msoflios umcires mdinaris pirad Sobilo biWo, ar
gajobon didi mdinareebis pirad dabadebulTa~.
konstantine gamsaxurdia gardaicvala 1975 wlis 17 ivliss.
cnobilia, rom konstantines nawarmoebebis mimarT gansakuTre-
bulad mkacri iyo maSindeli cenzura; misi romanebidan da moTx-
robebidan, damkvidrebuli praqtikiT, cenzorebi, avtorTan
SeuTanxmeblad Wridnen maSindeli ideologiisTvis miuRebel pas-
aJebs da xSirad saerTod krZalavdnen misi nawarmoebebis dabeWd-
vas, ris gamoc svegamwarebuli mwerali cenzorebs, zviadis TqmiT
„qormeZebrebianebs“ eZaxda.
mwerlis sococxlis ukanasknel wlebSi cenzuram akrZala misi
„landebTan lacici“, „Tamari“, romlis damTavreba mweralma verc
SeZlo, rasTan dakavSirebiTac misi didi Svili zviad gamsaxur-
dia ixsenebs:“sicocxles umwarebdnen mas yovel striqonze, yovel
sityvaze, rac mZimed moqmedebda mis janmrTelobaze. bolos igi
SavnaRvlianobam Seipyro da mZimed daavadda kidec“, rac mwerlis
gardacvalebiT dasrulda.
konstantine gamsaxurdias biografi batoni soso sigua mwerlis
dakrZalvas mis mier gamocemul wignSi amgvarad aRwers: „ivlisis
mcxunvare mze swvavda Tbiliss. bevrs qalaqi daetovebina, so-
flebsa da agarakebs Sefarebodnen. arc studentebi da moswav-
leebi Candnen... mainc uamravi xalxi movida „kolxur koSksa“ da
mweralTa sasaxleSi, raTa ukanaskneli pativi miegoT im kacisaT-
vis, visi xma mTeli saukune afxizlebda saqarTvelos. Camodiodnen
596
raionebidan, soflebidan da qalaqebidan... dakrZalvis dRes di-
dostatis TayvanismcemlebiT daifara maCablis quCa... gamosveneba
gaZnelda. xalxma katafalkaze uari Tqva da maCablis quCidan rus-
Tavelis gavliT „kolxur koSkamde“ xeliT atara saTayvano mwerl-
is cxedari... radgan mTawmindaze adreve uari eTqva, saqarTvelos
damaqcevaris filipe maxaraZis gverdiT ar davimarxebio...“
erT-erT interviuSi gazeT `literaturuli saqarTvelos~ maSin-
deli foto-korespondenti jemal kasraZe ki ixsenebs: „...rodesac
konstantine mweralTa kavSiris Senobidan gamoasvenes, procesia ga-
lis quCamde anu `kolxur koSkamde~ fexiT gaemarTa (konstantine
gamsaxurdia, misive anderZis Tanaxmad, misi saxlis ezoSia dakrZal-
uli). Zalian bevri adamiani miacilebda mwerlis cxedars. imdeni
xalxi, rac maSin vnaxe, aravis gasvenebaze aRar minaxavs. rusTavelis
gamziri xalxiT iyo gadaWedili... procesia rusTavelis ZeglTan Se-
Cerda, am JestiT is Tavis winamorbeds gamoemSvidobao~.
konstantine gamsaxurdia, Tavisive sityvieri anderZis Tanax-
mad, kolxuri koSkis ezoSi daasaflaves; misi kategoriuli uari,
daekrZalaT mTawmindis panTeonSi, srulad ganpirobebuli iyo
filipe maxaraZisadmi zizRiT, rasac igi arasdros malavda.
zviad gamsaxurdias aralegalur JurnalSi „matiane“ №2, 1987 w.
dabeWdilia levan asaTianis naambobi ilia WavWavaZis saflavidan
amoTxris mcdelobis Sesaxeb, rasac saTaveSi edga filipe maxaraZe,
iseve rogorc mkvlelobis gegmas, ilia WavWavaZisa.
werilis bolo abzacSi, kerZod, asea gadmocemuli konstantine
gamsaxurdias sityvebi: „me mTeli Cemi cxovrebis manZilze viyavi,
var axla da viqnebi momavalSi ganuzomlad pativismcemeli iliasi;
misi ubralo upativcemulobac ki aravisTvis mipatiebia da arc va-
patieb, Tundac es sicocxlis fasad damijdes (aqvea aRwerili, Tu
rogor iSiSvla satevari, konstantinem, mweralTa saxlSi mocveni-
li proletaruli mwerlebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic Seecadnen il-
ias suraTis dawvas, xolo Semdeg ki, mTawnindaze, ilias saflavis
amoTxras – l. c.)... yvela am garemoebas saTaveSi edga filipe max-
araZe da amitomac mZulda yovelTvis igi, mZuls da meZulebao“.
aralegaluri Jurnalis am nomris meTaur werilSi vaxtang
gurgeniZe wers: „isic unda aRiniSnos, Tu ra sastikad gausworda
f. maxaraZe ... yvela maT, vinc, gansakuTrebiT ilias iubilis
dReebSi sTqves simarTle, vinc ar daindo ilias mTavari mkvle-
597
li f. maxaraZe (t. tabiZe, m. javaxiSvili, qr. raWveliSvili, v. ko-
tetiSvili, d. SevardnaZe, v. gafrindaSvili, s. devdariani da sxva).
f. maxaraZis brZanebiT konstantine gamsaxurdias dapatimreba 1926
wels da solovkis lagerSi gagzavnac, nawilobriv imave mizezebiT
iyo gamowveulio“.
rogorc cnobilia, filipe maxaraZis saflavi 1987 wels aafeTqa
dRemde ucnobma patriotma, Tumca, komunisturi partiis maSinde-
li generaluri mdivnis jumber patiaSvilis brZanebiT saflavi
imave dRes aRadgines.
maxaraZis saflavis afeTqebasTan dakavSirebiT uSiSroebaSi da-
kiTxvaze dabarebuli iyo zviad gamsaxurdiac, romelmac, cxadia
uaryo saflavis afeTqebasTan raime kavSiri, magram vinc unda yo-
filiyo am patriotuli aqtis Semoqmedi, misi amgvari protestis
kulminacia ideologiurad, namdvilad Semzadebuli iyo zviad gam-
saxurdias mier 1987 wels gamocemuli, swored im zemoxsenebuli
aralegaluri JurnaliT „matiane“, romelic sakmaod didi tiraJiT
vrceldeboda xalxSi, universitetsa da axlobelTa wreSi ki mec
vavrcelebdi. es Jurnali mTlianad da srulad eZRvneboda filipe
maxaraZis, rogorc pirwavardnili marqsistis gamomzeureba-mxi-
lebas vaxtang gurgeniZis weriliT dawyebuli, filipe maxaraZis
saidumlo depeSebis gamoqveynebiT;
filipe maxaraZis xelmZRvanelobiT irbeoda, iZarcveboda
da funqcia ecvleboda qarTul eklesiebs, saflavebidan Txrid-
nen saxelovan mamuliSvilTa neStebs. ase magaliTad, 1939 wels
didubis panTeonidan amoTxares qarTuli koniakis fuZemdeblis,
erovnuli moRvawisa da udidesi mecenantis, bolSevik maxaraZis-
agan „burJuad“ Seracxuli daviT sarajiSvilis Zvlebi da vakis
sasaflaos xevSi Cafles, xolo Semdgom ki micvalebulis TiTidan
moxsnili oqros beWdis wyalobiT TviT sasaflaoze dakrZales. sa-
rajiSvili da misi meuRle ekaterine foraqiSvili, amJamad, 1994
wlidan ganisvenebs qvaSveTis wminda giorgis taZris ekvderSi (wya-
ro – vikipedia, diaoxi).
jumber patiaSvilis amagma filipe maxaraZis saflavis aRd-
genaze saTanadod ver imuSava maSindeli Tanamedrove sazogadoe-
bis azrze, vinaidan, zviad gamsaxurdia da merab kostava TavianTi
aralegaluri literaturis meSveobiT energiulad nergavdnen is-
toriul simarTles komunistur reJimze da maT sisxlian diqtat-
598
uraze. maTi liderobiT erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba
azvirTda da komunisturi xelisufleba iZulebuli gaxda 1989
wels maxaraZe mTawmindidan xudadovis bolSevikTa panTeonSi ga-
daesvenebina.
masTan erTad gadaasvenes mixa cxakaiasa da silibistro Tor-
dias neStebic. maxaraZisa da cxakaias adgilas 2008-09 wlebSi ana
kalandaZe da nodar dumbaZe dakrZales.
dRes, TviT zviad gamsaxurdiac ki, mTawmindaze ganisven-
ebs. am istoriuli realobidan gamomdinare, aw ukve sruliad
marTlzomieria, rom did klasikos mweral konstantine gamsax-
urdiasac eboZos Tavisi kuTvnili adgili mTawmindaze saku-
Tari Zis – damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis
gverdiT!
mivmarTav Cvens saxelovan qarTvel mwerlebs, Tbilisis saxel-
mwifo universitetis profesorebs da studentebs, mecnierebs,
literaturul mkvlevarebs, sazogado moRvaweebs gulisxmayon am
umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxisadmi da saTanado saxelisuflo uwye-
bebis CarTulobiT aRasrulon konstantine gamsaxurdias kolxuri
koSkidan mTawmindaze gadasvenebis istoriuli misia.
me, cxadia daviwye ra fiqri am faqiz, sakralur sakiTxze, movi-
azre pirovnebaTa jgufic, romlebsac uaxloes momavalSi piradad
veaxlebi TxovniT CarTulobisaTvis ( ra Tqma unda, mxedvelobidan
ar gamomrCenia ojaxic... ).
Cemi funqcia da roli, didostati konstantine gamsaxurdias
mTawmindaze gadasvenebis sakiTxis Sesaxeb, mxolod am gazeTSi
dasmiT amovwure da aw ukve jeri, kompetentur da avtoritetul
pirovnebebisagan Semdgar komisiazea.
leila comaia
2016 wlis 15 maisi,
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ 49, 2016 wlis maisi.
guram SaraZe: konstantine da zviad gamsaxurdiebi mTaw-

mindaze unda daikrZalon! minda mokrZalebiT SemogTavazoT
Cemi aseTi winadadebac: mTawmindaze zviadTan erTad daikrZalos
didi qarTveli mwerali konstantine gamsaxurdia. SeiZleba vinmem
ikiTxos, amiT xom varRvevT batoni konstantines anderZso, magram
cnobilia, rom batonma konstantinem mTawmindaze dakrZalvaze
599
uari Tqva im mizeziT, rom iq sanam ilias mkvleli filipe maxaraZea
dasaflavebuli, Cemi adgili iq ar ariso.
magram amis Semdeg didi konstantines vaJma – saqarTvelos pir-
velma prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam mTawmindac gaaTavisufla
filipe maxaraZis saflavisagan da sruliad saqarTveloc – bol-
Sevikuri reJimisagan!
amitom, vfiqrob, dadga dro, aRsruldes qarTveli xalxis neba
da mTawmindis ukvdav binadarTa gverdiT daikrZalon ukvdavi ma-
ma-Svili – upirvelesi qarTveli mwerali da upirvelesi saqarTve-
los prezidenti – konstantine da zviad gamsaxurdiebi!
wyaro: àsaval–dasavali~,
24-30 ivlisi, 2006
600
kaxa kukavas oinebi
internetSi gavrcelda saqarTvelos mTavrobisadmi mimarT-

vis teqsti, rasTan dakavSirebiT gamovarkvieT, rom mimarTvaze
xelmomwer uzenaesi sabWos deputatebTan, kaxa kukavas ofisidan
rekavda qalbatoni, romelic TiToeul maTgans telefoniT ac-
nobda teqstis Sinaarss, ris Semdegac sTxovda sityvier dasturs
(uflebas) aw ukve gacnobil teqstze maTi gvar-saxelis (xelmower-
is) misabeWdad. xolo, rodesac teqsti gamoqveynda, „xelmomwerTa“
absoluturi umravlesoba am moulodneli faqtis winaSe aRmoCnda;
xelmomwerebs, rogorc „avtoritetuli“ personebi, siis TavSi uZ-
Rvis Tamaz wivwivaZe da rezo amaSukeli (?!)
es mkrexeluri aqti kidev erTxel cxadhyofs qvegamxedvareTa
politikur zraxvebsa da maT aragulwrfel, oden momxmareblur
damokidebulebas sakiTxisadmi, romlis miRma prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias pirovnebis mimarT, kaxa kukavas mxridanac, mxolod
cinizmi da mZulvareba imaleba!
Cven ki valdebulni varT viyoT principulni, rom kaxa kukavas
msgavs agenturul Zalebs aRar gamovayenebinoT zviad gamsaxurs-
dias saxeli sakuTari politikuri karieris gasakeTeblad!
da kidev... Tavad kaxa kukavas maS, rogor ekadreboda uzenaes
sabWos deputatebTan piradad darekva, maTTanac mis pres-mdivans
unda daereka, rogorc, magaliTad, SoTa zedginiZesTan, zaza Ci-
qovanTan da sxv. ai, Tamaz wivwivaZesa da rezo amaSukels ki, eWvi
maqvs, rom kukavam piradad daureka da „siurprizis“ mosalodneli
efeqtiT, samivem, winaswar gulianad ixarxares kidec...
kukavas, Tavis mdivan nata wereTlisaTvis daukisrebia zvia-
distebTan “kontaqt-personobis misia”.
601
qvemoT vaqveynebT kukavas „istori-
ul“ teqsts da prezident zviad gam-
saxurdiasadmi mis kidev erT amgvari
„Rvawlis“ Sesaxebac gamcnobT;
31 marts Tbilisis sakrebulos
egidiT, sakrebulos deputatis kaxa
kukavas iniciativiT rusTavelis Te-
atrSi daigegma prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias iubilisadmi miZRvnili
saRamo, romlisTvisac kulturis saministrom gamoyo 20 000 lari.
aqedan 9 000 lari rusTavelis Teatris momsaxurebis xarjebisT-
vis gaiwera. unda iTqvas, rom finansebis gankargvisa da saiubileo
RonisZiebaSi monawile, Tu mowveul pirTa siac kukavas mkacri da
erTpirovnuli cenzuriT Sedga da igi mowveul-monawile pirTa
gamokveTili politikuri orientaciiT (ruseTumeobiT – elizbar
javeliZe da sxv.) ganisazRvra.
kaxa kukavas prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ideur memkvidred
warmoCena politikuri dividendebisa da moaxloebul meris arCev-
nebSi erovnul-patriotuli Zalebis xmebis misaRebad sWirdeba;
realurad, uSiSroebaSi gamozrdili axagazrda politikosi kukava
antagonisturadaa ganwyobili „Tavisufali saqarTvelos’ ideisad-
mi da pirad saubrebSi erovnuli Zalebis mimarT „mxedrioniseu-
li“ bilwi leqsikisa da mZulvare suliskveTebis gamovlenasac ar
erideba(red).
qarTveli moRvaweebi premiers Txoven Tbilisis

aeroports mieniWos zviad gamsaxurdias saxeli
avtori: AIAnews.ge 11.03.2014, 10:28
saqarTvelos premier-ministrs baton irakli RaribaSvils

batono irakli!
rogorc mogexsenebaT, saqarTvelos pirvel prezidents – zviad
gamsaxurdias mravali damsaxureba miuZRvis Cveni saxelmwifos wi-
naSe. man mTeli cxovreba Seswira saqarTvelos damoukideblobisT-
602
vis brZolas. is saTaveSi Caudga erovnul moZraobas da swored
misi meTaurobiT, mravalwliani brZolis Sedegad, qarTvelma xalx-
ma moipova Tavisufleba.
imisaTvis, rom saxelmwifom damsaxurebuli pativi miagos Cve-
ni qveynis pirvel prezidents, sazogadoebaSi gaCnda idea, Tbili-
sis aeroports mieniWos zviad gamsaxurdias saxeli. „nacionalu-
ri moZraobis” dros am ideis ganxorcieleba ver moxerxda, radgan
maSindeli xelisuflebisTvis miuRebeli iyo zviad gamsaxurdias
erovnuli faseulobebi.
mas Semdeg rac gasuli wlis agvistoSi Tbilisis sakrebuloSi
umravlesoba Seicvala, sazogadoebaSi kvlav gaCnda imedi, rom ax-
ali xelisuflebis pirobebSi SesaZlebeli gaxdeboda am iniciativ-
is ganxorcieleba, Tumca sakrebulos umravlesobam, winamorbedis
msgavsad, aeroportisTvis zviad gamsaxurdias saxelis miniWebaze
kategoriuli uari ganacxada.
es aris saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis da im erovnuli
faseulobebis Seuracxyofa, rasac is mTeli cxovreba emsaxurebo-
da. miT ufro samarcxvinoa Tbilisis sakrebulos gadawyvetile-
ba, rodesac dedaqalaqSi ukve arsebobs jorj buSis, holbrukis,
alievis da kaCinskis quCebi, reiganis Zegli, samxedro gadatri-
alebis organizatorebis gamzirebi da panTeonebi.
Tqven, rogorc mTavrobis da mmarTveli partiis meTaurs, Segw-
evT Zala, ganaxorcieloT Tbilisis aeroportisTvis zviad gamsax-
urdias saxelis miniWebis idea. miT ufro rom wels sruldeba 75
weli zviad gamsaxurdias dabadebidan.
gTxovT, piradad dainteresedeT am saqmiT da gamoiyenoT
Tqvens xelT arsebuli Zalaufleba. winaswar gixdiT madlobas
gulisxmierebisTvis.
Tamaz wivwivaZe guliko gigiberia
rezo amaSukeli dali firosmanaSvili
ia bagration – muxraneli manana gabaSvili
elizbar javeliZe Jana rexviaSvili
Temur qoriZe zaza Ciqovani
daviT sokolovi SoTa zedgeniZe
avTandil rcxilaZe leila mirianaSvili
nugzar mgalobliSvili Tamar WavWavaZe
manana tabiZe elene abaSiZe
http://aianews.ge/index.php?newsid=1381
603
aRadgenen Tu ara merabis memorials boriTTan?...
saqarTvelos erovnuli gmiris merab kostavas winaaRmdeg, saqa-

rTvelos sabWoTa xelisuflebis mier 1989 wlis 13 oqtombers
daigegma specoperacia – „avtoavaria~. merabis fizikuri likvidaci-
idan ramdenime TveSi, zviad gamsaxurdias patronaJiT, xaragaulis
raionis sofel boriTTan, avariis sapirispiro mxares daidga Savi
marmarilos dafa da nikelis jvari warweriT „merab kostava~ (ix.
foto →). avariis adgilas, rogorc riskis Semcveli rTuli re-
liefuri mosaxvevis gamo (es faqtoric meti damajereblobisTvis,
uTuod zustad gaiTvaliswina uSiSroebam), mas Semdegac xSirad
momxdara avariebi da stiqiis (wyaldidobis, grigalis) Sedegadac
memoriali da rkinis rikulebic moirya, xolo sabolood daingra
da ganadgurda kidec.
am movlenaze erovnuli moZraobis axalgazrda warmomadgenelma
irakli Soniam xmauriani gancxadeba gaakeTa sakuTar facebook-ze
da gamoaqveyna fotoebic, razec umal upasuxes xaragaulis gamge-
belma koba lursmanaSvilma da Jurnalistma nino miqiaSvilma,
romlebmac irakli Sonia daamunaTes, rom igi, TiTqos araswor
informacias avrcelebda memorialTan dakavSirebiT da aqcentebi
gaakeTes axal skverze, kerZod: 2015 wlis 26 maiss pro-erovnul-
ma saxelisuflo Zalebma, pirvandeli memorialis axlos gaxsnes
axali skveri adrindel obeliskTan sadac dadges igive, magram
restavrirebuli memorialic (ix. pirveli foto gamgebel lurs-
manaSviliTurT da Zveli (ganaxlebuli obeliskis).
keTili da patiosani, magram Cveni moTxovnaa, rom centralurma
xelisuflebam adgilobriv xelisuflebasTan erTad izrunos zviad
gamsaxurdias mier dadgmuli pirvandeli memorialis, Tundac am
gadarCenili nawilis pirvandel adgilas aRdgenaze, miTumetes,
rodesac im adgilze uvneblad aris SemorCenili nikelis jvari(ix.
foto). xolo aRdgenili teritoria ki SemosazRvros ufro dacu-
li masiuri rkinis rikulebiT, rameTu mxolod igia Zegli da ara
neo-sabWouri xelisuflebis mier 2015 wels gaxsnili skveri!
604
TvalsaCinoebisaTvis, ase gamoiyureboda merabis pirvandeli
memoriali pirvandel adgilze da aseTia dRevandeli dRis sura-
Ti jvris gaRma gadagdebuli saZirkvliT da 1989 wlis droindeli
SemorCenili Senoba-nagebobis mdebareobis CvenebiT(ix fotoebi).
dasanania, rom Jurnalisti nino miqiaSvili adgilobrivi xeli-
suflebis maRalCinosnis mokavSire aRmoCnda da ara Cveni...
leila comaia
2015 wlis 2 agvisto,
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ #46, 2015
605
ruseTumeTa politikuri striptizi
Tu, aw gansvenebulma biznesmenma badri patarkaciSvilma, zus-

tad gansazRvra saqarTvelos Wadrakis dedoflis, nona gafrind-
aSvilis, funqcia da roli mis gverdiT, dRes aSkaraa mcdeloba
gafrindaSvilis politikur figurad qcevis.
udavod Wkvianma biznesmenma b. patarkaciSvilma ki, sakuTar
politikur ambiciebSi, gafrindaSvili mxolod saxed gamoiyena,
risTvisac man arc sazRauri daiSura... dRes ki nona, aqtiuri poli-
tikuri moRvawe xdeba, raSic ikveTeba misi piradi nebelobac. amaSi
dasaZraxi araferia, magram igi, politikaSi, axalfexadgmuliviT
borZikobs da naklebsaimedoa, rom man odesme muxli gaimagros. Tu
nonas, masaviT geniosi moWadrakis gari kasparovis magaliTiT da
wamxedurobiT uCndeba politikuri ambicia, unda SevkadroT, rom
kasparovi, ruseTis federaciis progresuli politikuri lide-
ria, angaJirebuli piri ar aris da opozicionerobis sazRaurad
mxolod represiebs iRebs. ureitingo politikuri gvamebis (bur-
janaZe, baTiaSvili, SaSiaSvili...) Sirma-Tejirad qceva finansuri
dainteresebiT ki, nona gafrindaSvilis, sportuli brwyinvalebiT
damkvidrebul saxelsa da didebas gaaxunebs mxolod.
2010 wlis 25 noembris Tavyrilobis pasuxismgeblobis tvirTi,
am aqciis mTavar agit-propagandist nona gafrindaSvils daawva.
nonas mier parlamentTan saxalxo Sekrebisaken mravalkviriani
mowodeba, xalxma, opoziciis leTargiuli mdgomareobidan ga-
mosvlis saimedo simptomad miiCnia. CamosulTa da Tbilisis macx-
ovrebelTa erTobliobam, parlamentTan STambeWdavi raodenoba
Seadgina – xalxis masam ociaTass gadaaWarba. ruseTume opozi-
cionerebis (burjanaZe, gafrindaSvili, baTiaSvili, SaSiaSvili,
ZiZiguri...) mowodebebi Sekrebisaken gajerebuli iyo saakaSvilis
`gadagdebis~ Seuvali muqariT. politikur asparezze kvlav gamo-
Cenili Teatrali (kac-leliko jafariZe, dima jaiani, rezo esaZe,
gogi qavTaraZe, nukri qanTaria, gia burjanaZe...) gulze mjiRebis
cemiT irwmunebodnen, rom 25 noembers, isini fexis momcvlelebi
aRar iqnebodnen parlamentis aqciidan, vidre saakaSvilis gadag-
debamde. Tu diqtatori saakaSvili uiaraRo adamianebis sisxls
606
daRvrida, maSin pirvelebi Tavad Seewirebodnen da a.S. (ix. 25 no-
embramdeli presa, 2010).
xalxis revoluciuri suliskveTebiT manipulireba, sakuTari
politikuri miznebisTvis gamoyeneba da mere Witlayis amokvra
(kreba dasrulda! aba, axla daiSaleTo!) opoziciisave bumerangad
iqceva xolme, klavs da asamarebs opoziciur moZraobas. iqneb, am
avantiurist ruseTumeTa mizanic eg aris! iqneb, swored amisTvis
finansdebian es fsevdo-opozicionerebi? iqneb, es aris, swored,
prevencia WeSmariti lideris gamoCenisa da misi aRzevebis winaaRm-
deg, risTvisac, metropolia finansebs ar iSurebs.
aRmaSfoTebeli iyo burjanaZe-baTiaSvil-gafrindaSvilis mier,
Semdgom dReebSi, xalxis simciris motiviTa da braldebiT, cota
moxvediTo, mitingis xangrZlivobis Semokleba da daSla. maSin,
roca xalxi mosalodnelze metic movida da aqciis àgorebis~ Ses-
aZleblobac arsebobda.
fsevdo-opoziciis realuri gegma-mizani, rogorc gamoCnda, am-
jeradac mxolod dagubebuli saprotesto talRis amoSveba iyo.
vinc amas mixvda da iqve xmamaRla gamoxata protesti, liderebma
iqeT Seuties da mikrofonebiT yvelas provokatorebi eZaxes, xolo
kac-leliko jafariZe, provokatorad Seracxul momitingeebs, Ses-
arkineblad ixmobda. sakuTari `jibis opoziciiT~ guldamSvidebu-
li xelisufleba ki, kabinetebSi televizorebidan ismenda àmbebs
mRelvarebis epicentridan~ da erTi policielic ki ar gamouyvania
parlamentis Soriaxlos.
25 noembris kreba-speqtakli, risi legitimaciisaTvis, sruli-
ad saqarTvelodan uxmo warmomadgenlobas, burjanaZem, or saaT-
Si dasrulda. daqancul-damSeul xalxze aravis uzrunia. xalxi
ori dRe ver gaerkva politavantiuristTa xrikebSi, maT gulwr-
felad iwames nona gafrindaSvilisa da politikur liderTa qa-
dili, rom 25 noembridan iwyebdnen permanentul aqciebs saakaSvi-
lis `gadagdebis~ moTxovniT. am nanatri surviliT, xalxis didi
umravlesoba, nasesxebi fuliT Camovida TbilisSi da mzad iyvnen
fexiT gabrunebuliyvnen ukan, oRond ki saakaSvilis xelisuflebis
gadagdebisTvis mieRwiaT. maT imdenad uWirdaT gafrindaSvili-
sa da burjanaZis tyuilis dajereba, rom ar daiSalnen, ori dRe
idgnen parlamentTan, iqneb dRes liderebi daiRalnen da xval ga-
naaxlon aqciao. meore dRes, maTTan mxolod `forumelebi~ – gu-
607
baz sanikiZe da kaxa Sartava mividnen (isini im RamiTac gvian Ram-
emde darCnen Camosul xalxTan).
masobrivma umuSevrobam, sakomunikacio gadasaxadebis zrdam,
produqtebsa da samrewvelo saqonelze fasebis yovelwliurma
matebam, laris gaufasurebam xalxs daucvelobisa da momavlisadmi
sasowarkveTilebis gancda gaumZafra. aRaras vambobT politikur
krizisze.
amgvari mZime socialuri foni politikuri protestis maprovo-

cirebul faqtorad iolad SeiZleba iqces gonieri da WeSmariti
lideris xelSi. is, rac 25 noembers `ruseTumeTa~ kohortam (bur-
janaZe, baTiaSvili, gafrindaSvili, ZiZiguri...) oci aTasamde mo-
mitinges Cautara, iyo politikuri `striptizi~. Seuracxyofilma
xalxma, isini erTianad moisrola sanagvze da saakaSvilTan erTad,
maTac zizRiTa da siZulviliT miafurTxa.
leila comaia,
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ #27, 2010 w.
608
vai, ramdeni orjonikiZeebi da maxaraZeebi gvyolia!
Cveni publikaciebis dakvirvebuli mkiTxveli, uTuod SeniSnav-

da, rom Cven arasodes vavlebT vrcel paralelebs istoriul war-
sulTan, arasodes mivmarTavT analogiebs Tanamedrove gmirebisa
Tu moRalateebisa istoriul gmirebTan, rameTu migvaCnia, rom
istoria, met-naklebad yvelam icis. amadac, umjobesad miviCnevT
davzogoT mkiTxvelis dro da gazeTis furcelic.
gmiroba da moRalateoba, rogorc sikeTe da boroteba, amqveyni-
urobis dasabamieri Tanaarsia da yoveli adamianic, sakuTari ne-
ba-surviliT irCevs TviTkmari zneobisa Tu moralis Sesabamis
gzas. moRalatis, rogorc antigmiris mimarT ki mkacri da Seuwyn-
arebelia, RvTivganbrZnobili geniosi SoTa rusTavelic: `kaci cru
da moRalate xams laxvriTa dasaWrelad~- o, aseTia misi verdiqti.
saakaSvilis mier, jer sajarod datuqsuli, xolo Semdgom
moxsnili premier-ministri zurab noRaideli, ise utyvad gaecala
saxelisuflo asparezs, mavanma mcdarad ifiqra, rom misi karieris
mze Caesvena da veRarasodes aRzevdeboda. karieristuli JiniT
Sepyrobili noRaideli ki, Turme, fizikur da politikur Zalebs
erTdroulad ikrebda da sul, raRac or weliwadSi, aw ukve Crdi-
loeTidan `gamoanaTa~.
noRaidelma, romelsac aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi hqonda yvela
saxelisuflo berketi, realurad eSenebina saxelmwifo, ganeviTare-
bina ekonomika, aemaRlebina xalxis socialuri cxovrebis done, –
SevardnaZis finansTa ministrobis dros gatarebuli `sekvestris~
politikiT moaxrCo jandacva, ganaTleba, soflis-meurneoba,
mrewveloba, kultura da sporti. jer TveobiT, xolo Semdgom,
wlobiT `gayina~ isedac sekvestrirebuli xelfasebi da pensiebi da
umuSevarTa dones gauTanabra momuSaveTa nawilic. Sedegad (misi
finansTa, ekonomikisa da premier– ministrobis dros), moxda mase-
bis sasowarkveTilebamde miyvana, katastroful maCvenebels miaR-
wia qveynis gareT Tu SigniT migraciam (daicala soflebi), imata
TviTmkvlelobebma da mkvlelobebmac TviT ojaxis wevrebs Soris,
daingra mravali ojaxi, daeca xalxis zneoba da morali...
609
xalxis ukiduresad gaRatakebisa da socialuri genocidis xar-
jze, upovari da ubinao noRaideli, umdidres adamianad iqca. ko-
rumpirebul noRaidels, romelic yovlad susti da usaxuri finan-
stTa, ekonomikisa da premier– ministri iyo, amjerad prezidentobis
ambicia gasCenia da xelaRebiT miiwevs dasaxuli `diadi~ miznisaken.
yofnis sindisi da Tavxedoba, qveynis `ganviTarebisa da bednieri
momavlis~ lider– Semoqmedad dausaxos xalxs Tavi. swored amgvari
cru da farisevluri `sloganiT~ aqvs mas dapyrobil– aklebuli
ZviradRirebuli satelevizio eTerebi. saadrevo saarCevno kampani-
aSi, noRaideli aSkarad liderobs, satelevizio reklamebSi uSur-
velad xarjavs putinis rublebs (siZunwiT cnobilma noRaidelma,
sakuTari milionebidan, veWvob, rom mciredic gaiRos).
garda finansuri uzrunvelyofisa, aSkaraa, rom noRaidels, pu-
tinisagan politikuri mxardaWerac aqvs miRebuli. amadac, gagu-
ladebuli imuqreba: `Tu gabedavT da arCevnebs gaayalbebT, xelebs
dagamtvrevTo~. yovlad reaminirebuli (fizikurad, politikurad)
noRaideli Tavad risi `damtvrevicaa~ yvelam viciT, magram ruseTs
rom `Zalic Seswevs qadilisa~, amaSi eWvi TviT evrokavSirsa da na-
tosac aRar eparebaT. anu, noRaidelis piriT ruseTi RaRadebs.
SevardnaZis mier gamozrdil `nacmoZraobis~ xrovas, arCevnebis
gayalbebis, saxelmwifos ngrevisa da sakuTari xalxis genocidis
meti araferi uswavlia. maT Soris, xrovis kanoniT `daglejil~
noRaidels, burjanaZes, oqruaSvilsa da sxvebs, romlebic Sevard-
naZe-saakaSvilis reJimis burjebs warmoadgendnen da sulac ar
adardebdaT qveynisa da eris bedi, aramed mxolod qonebas ixveWd-
nen. da ra `damsaxurebebisaTvis~ unda airCion kvlav eseni xalxma?
risi imediT unda daatrialon saakaSviliseuli xrovis avadsaxsen-
ebeli eSmakis borbali (`karuseli~)?
daujerebelia, rom Cveni xalxi iseTi briyvi an gulubryvilo
iyos, rom maTi dapirebebis sjerodes da ar uwyodnen, rom maTi
òpozicioneroba~ nasuldgmulebia kvlav xelisuflebis rbil sa-
varZlebSi mokalaTebisa da meti simdidris moxveWis merkantilu-
ri survilebiT, risTvisac farulad da aSkaradac iyeneben TavianT
agenturul kavSirebs ucxo qveynis specsamsaxurebTan (ruseTTan).
imis gamo, rom ara gvaqvs `lustraciis kanoni~, SeuZlebelia
maTi samarTlebrivi dadanaSauleba antisaxelmwifoebriv saqmia-
nobaSi, risi imediTac sruliad Seuferxeblad moqmedebs zemox-
610
senebul qvabavazakTa xrova. marTalia ori aTeuli wlis Semdgom,
postsabWour saqarTveloSic SemorCenilia monuri mentalobis,
ganjgonebulTa masa (`ruseTumeTa~ pleada), magram, ara im raode-
nobis, rom qveynis politikuri kursis Setrialeba SeZlos.
imperialisturi ruseTis qarTveli emisrebis sruli gauvne-
belyofis mizniT, sakmarisia vimoqmedoT guramiSviliseuli
Segonebis mixedviT: òrgulTa sityvas nu ismen, gafrTxildi,
nu mostyuvdebi, gaswyer, gasWer da daxive, mtyuvanT tyuilis
gudebi~. ros Semdgom, simwriseuli sinanuliT aRar dagcdes: ìse,
viT cxvari mivende, upiros, moRalatesa~. `vinc rom Zraxvas
Takilobdes nurasa iqms saZraxavsa~.
politikur koniunqturaSi gawafuli `konservatorebi~ (ZiZig-
uri, gujabiZe, kukava), romlebic Tbilisis sakrebulos deputa-
tobidan, saakaSvilis siiT parlamentSic movidnen, amjerad no-
RaidelTan aliansiT cdiloben parlamentSi moxvedras. yofili
politpatimrebi, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias uzenaesi sabWos
deputatebi da mTavrobis wevrebi, ZiZiguri da gujabiZe, romlebic
cixidan SevardnaZis Sewyalebis aqtiT da zurab Jvanias da uSiS-
roebis sabWos saparlamento mdivnis rusudan beriZis patronaJiT
gaTavisufldnen, Jvania rom cocxali yofiliyo, parlamentSi, misi
siiTac movidodnen. iluziuri azri prezident zviad gamsaxurdia-
sa da ideuri faseulobebisadmi maTi erTgulebisa, drom daamsx-
vria da naTelyo misi Zireuli simyifec. avTandil daviTaias, vax-
tang qobalias, zviad ZiZiguris, biZina gujabiZis, k. kukavas, k.
daviTaSvilisa da SalamberiZis e.w. èrovnuli sabWo~, opoziciur
saprezidento kandidatad, èrovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZrao-
bis~ saxeliT, albaT noRaidels wamoayenebs (amgvar mkrexeloba-
sac unda gavuZloT!). Tavis mxriv, arc meore òpozicioneri~ sa-
prezidento kandidati irakli alasania zis gulxeldakrefili,
aramed isic kuluarulad iRvwis erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraobis warmomadgenlebis gadabireba-SemomtkicebisaTvis.
renegati ZiZiguri da gujabiZe, cxadia, arc kolaboracional-
ist zurab noRaidels uerTguleben, igi mxolod xidad sWirdebaT
da parlamentSi moxvedrisTanave masac ganudgebian, rogorc saak-
aSvils ganudgnen. pasuxismgeblobas ki, aramc da aramc ar aiReben
maTi ZalisxmeviT gaprezidentebuli noRaidelis kapitulantur
gadawyvetilebebze. pasuxismgeblobas, arc erovnuli moZrao-
611
bis warmomadgeneli avTandil daviTaia aiRebs, romelic pirveli
Seekra kolaboracionist zurab noRaidels. vaxtang (loTi) qo-
balia ki ruseTis samxedro Zalismieri gegmaa. noRaidelis qadi-
li, `Tu arCevnebs gaayalbebTo~, am rusuli saTadarigo samxedro
gegmidan momdinareobs da personificirdeba loTi qobaliaSi.
noRaideli saprezidento arCevnebSi ver gaimarjvebs. noRaide-
li samxedro gadatrialebis gziT apirebs gaprezidentebas. es
urTierTSeTanxmeba gaaforma man 2010 wlis 9 Tebervals moskov-
Si putin-medvedevis partiis `Единная Россия~-s umaRlesi sabWos
Tavmjdomare boris grizlovTan. kolaboracionalist noRaidels,
TviT saparlamento arCevnebSic gauWirdeba gamarjveba. mas, amis-
aTvis amomrCevelTa sruli mosyidva dasWirdeba. noRaideli ruse-
Tis sacdeli proeqtia, romelsac, putinma, Tavisi saimedo kadri,
rusapeta – petre mamraZe Seuwyvila (mamraZec, rogorc Sevardna-
Zis, aseve saakaSvilis saxelmwifo moxele iyo).
ა
”
-
-
ო
-
,
ი
-
noRaidelis politikuri slogani: `davibrunoT afxazebi da

osebi da gavaerTianoT saqarTvelo~ – pirwavardnili demagogiaa,
romelic realurad Seicavs mowodebas afxazeTisa da e. w. samxreT
oseTis damoukideblobis cnobis Sesaxeb. aranakleb demagogiuri
da cinikuri iyo petre mamraZis mier lavrovis gancxadebis damow-
612
meba: `Tu afxazebi da osebi moilaparakeben da Tanaxmani iqnebi-
an qarTvelebTan erTad cxovrebisa, Cven xels ar SevuSliT~ – o.
lavrovis am gancxadebas `seriozuloba~ da `simZime~ SesZina pe-
tre mamraZis komentarma: `swored noRaidelis putinTan Sexvedris
Sedegad gaakeTa lavrovma es gancxadebao~. modi da nu Seayeneb
didebis kvarcxlbekze noRaidelsa da mis kolaboracionalistTa
amqars (mamraZes, daviTaias, ZiZigurs, kukavas, gujabiZes) `saqarT-
velos gamTlianebisaTvis~.
ruseTis saswori, Tu meore qarTvel neobolSevik nino bur-
janaZisaken gadaixara, maSin, dezorientirebul èrovnul-ganmaTa-
visuflebeli moZraobis~ swrafi reagirebis politikur liderebs,
sworeba axal kumirze mouwevT. amasac, imedia, martivad moaxerx-
eben, oRond, mTavaria siCqareSi aravin CamorCes, an fexi aravis
gadaubrundes.
vai, ramdeni orjonikiZeebi da maxaraZeebi gvyolia!
leila comaia,
gaz. „ganmaTavisufkebeli~ №24, 2010 w.
613
vaxtang(loTi) qobalias bezRebisa da Ralatis oqmi
loTi qobalia: es rom prezi-

dent gamsaxurdias gaego, me
damxvretda
dakiTxvis oqmi 22 ivlisi, 1994

weli.
dakiTxa gansakuTrebiT mniS-
vnelovan saqmeTa gamomZiebelma,
iusticiis mrCevelma a. xvada-
gianma. dakiTxvaSi monawileobdnen: advokatebi l. beriaSvili
da gen. prokuroris moadgile a. baluaSvili
prezidentis, absanZis, gelantiasa da sxvebis mizani iyo Sei-

araRebuli gziT daekavebinaT saqarTvelos teritoria enguridan
cxeniswyalamde. amis Semdeg gveiZulebina dRevandeli xelisufle-
ba Seeqmna koaliciuri mTavroba da Caetarebina arCevnebi. es gegma
modioda gamsaxurdiasgan, absanZisagan, gelantiasagan, guguSvil-
isagan da yvela im pirisgan, vinc aqtiurad ibrZoda dRevandeli
xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg. me marTlac Sevasrule piroba da Cemi
SeiaraRebuli ZalebiT gamovedi md. cxeniswyalze, q. samtrediaSi
da quTaisSi Sesvla dagegmili ar yofila. me aq jarebi SevaCere
da daaxloebiT ori dRe, ricxvi ar maxsovs, viyavi martvilSi da
Cems gareSe Cvenma mebrZolebma daikaves samtredia. CemTvis es iyo
moulodneli. am dros gamsaxurdia iyo abaSaSi, roca me Camovedi
samtrediaSi, mebrZolebisagan gavige, rom samtrediaSi Sesvlis
brZaneba gaucia gamsaxurdias. gamsaxurdiasTan am Temaze ar mi-
laparakia, radgan ver Sevbede. ratom daarRvia man Cveni pirveli
gegma cxeniswyalze gamagrebis, ar vici, absanZes rom vkiTxe, Tu ra
moxda mipasuxa, rom manac araferi icoda. mebrZolebSi dominirebda
azri, rom isini midiodnen Tbilisis asaRebad. samtrediaSi gamsax-
urdiam da absanZem momces miTiTeba, rom jarebi dameZra quTaisi-
614
saken, radgan, maTive TqmiT, dazrvervis monacemebiT, quTaisamded
gza iyo Tavisufali da quTaisi iyo daucveli. mivxvdi, rom gam-
saxurdias undoda samxedro ZaliT aeRo Tbilisi. me es mimaCnda
absurdad, radgan Cven amis samxedro Zala ar gagvaCnda. meorec
is, rom Tuki movlenebi ise ganviTardeboda, rom Cven Tbilisisaken
daviwyebdiT svlas, mTels samegrelos daupirispirdeboda danar-
Ceni saqarTvelo da es katastroful zians moutanda ers. amasTan
erTad, me vicodi, rom Cveni gegma iTvaliswinebda cxeniswyalze
gamagrebas da Semdeg xelisuflebasTan molaparakebas. es gegma
gamsaxurdias gadawyvetilebiT dairRva ise, rom me araferi vico-
di. amitom gadavwyvite mimeRo yvela zoma, aRar gagrZelebuliyo
quTaisisaken svla. amitom movifiqre da absanZes da prezidents
vuTxari, rom xonSi daiZaba kriminaluri viTareba, adgili aqvs
yaCaRobebs, xalxi Sewuxebulia, Caval xonSi, movagvareb situacias
da mere vifiqroT quTaisze-meTqi. xonSi SeiaraRebul formire-
bebs xelmZRvanelobda anzor CxeiZe. aqve iyo Tengiz bulia, igive
„kiroki“. me maT vuTxari, rom yaCaRobis faqtebi rom aRkveTili-
yo, SeiaraRebuli formirebebi unda gaeyvanaT xonidan q. zugdid-
Si. xonSi isini iyvnen 4-5 dRe da formirebebi gaiyvanes zugdidSi.
aqve movimizeze is ambavic, rom Cemi informaciebiT samTavrobo
jarebs exmarebodnen rusebi da amas SeiZleba mohyoloda uazro
sisxlisRvra. mivaRwie imasac, rom davixieT ukan abaSamde. am pe-
riodSi absanZisagan CemTvis cnobili gaxda, rom damxmare Zalebs
miviRebdiT afxazeTidan. rogorc mogaxseneT, me Sinaganad amis wi-
naaRmdegi viyavi, magram absanZisaTvis ar gamimJRavnebia. amis Ses-
axeb vuTxari guram lakias. isic winaaRmdegi iyo afxazi boevikebis
Semoyvanis, amitom me da lakiam gadavwyviteT yvela Rone gvexmara
da Cveni formirebebi gamogveyvana brZolidan. amasTan dakavSire-
biT, rogorc maxsovs, piradad me davukavSirdi elsmeniT q. foTSi
kukuri rogavas. me anakliaSi Sevxvdi mas da vaxtang gvaramias. maT
avuxseni viTareba, rom prezidenti da absanZe apirebdnen afxazi
boevikebis Semoyvanas, rom me da lakia amis winaaRmdegi viyaviT.
amis winaaRmdegi iyo soxumis batalioni da sxvebi, romlebic Cvens
mxareze ibrZodnen. gadavwyviteT, rom me Cvens politikosebs, e. i.
gamsaxurdias, absanZes, gelantiasa da sxvebs Camovicilebdi. gavi-
yvandi q. zugdididan da amis Semdeg, daaxloebiT sam dReSi Sevx-
vdebodi maT, sadac gadawydeboda sakiTxis mSvidobiani mogvareba.
615
amis Semdeg me Camovedi zugdidSi. mogaxsenebT, rom Cveni zemoaR-
niSnuli Sexvedra iyo saidumlo. amis Sesaxeb prezidentma, absa-
nZem da sxvebma araferi icodnen. am Sexvedrisa da gadawyvetilebis
miRebis Sesaxeb raime dokumenti ar Semdgara. Camovedi zugdidSi.
me da lakiam miviReT yvela zoma da Cveni formirebebi gamoviy-
vaneT sabrZolo moqmedebebis zonidan. soso JRentis polki wavida
lugelas mTebis mxares. am mimarTulebiT wavida eliavas polkic.
soxumelebma, soso jomidavas TavkacobiT gadawyvites da wavidnen
afxazeTis teritoriaze partizanuli brZolebisaTvis. zugdidis
polkma daikava zugdidi da zugdidis Semosasvleli sof. caiSTan.
yovelive es moxda Cemi, lakiasi da zemoaRniSnuli pirebis ini-
ciativiT. amis Sesaxeb araferi icodnen prezidentma, absanZem, ge-
lantiam da sxvebma. maT es rom gaegoT, Cvens mimarT gamoyenebuli
iqneboda sasjelis umaRlesi zoma. roca Cven jarebi gamoviyvaneT
sabrZolo moqmedebis zonidan prezidenti davarwmuneT imaSi, rom
xelisuflebis jarebs exmareboda ruseTis jari da rom maTTan
brZola uazro sisxlisRvras gamoiwvevda. faqtiurad marTla ex-
mareboda Tu ara rusis jari saqarTvelos xelisuflebas, ar vici.
yovelive aman ganapiroba is garemoeba, rom prezidenti, absanZe da
sxvebi daviTanxme daetovebinaT zugdidi. Tu romel ricxvSi moxda
es, zustad ar maxsovs, es unda momxdariyo 1993 wlis 26 oqtomb-
ers. me adrec mogaxseneT da axlac vimeoreb, rodesac Cemi ojaxis
yvela wevri, sami manqaniT gamovediT zugdididan afxazeTis mimar-
TulebiT, CvenTan erTad TavianTi manqanebiT wamovidnen gamsax-
urdia, absanZe da sxvebi. me amis Sesaxeb mogeciT Cveneba da mis
detalebze aRar SevCerdebi. sof. aCigvarasTan Semogvxvda a/manqa-
nebis kolona. win midoda TeTri niva. moyveboda „bmp“, avtobusi.
adre CvenebaSi giTxariT, rom miyveboda erTi avtobusi „paziki“.
am SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba me vcdebi da Tqvens mier dakiTxuli mow-
meebi uCveneben simarTles. me rogorc maxsovda, Semogvxvda „bmp“
da „paziki“.
rogorc mogaxseneT, prezidentis manqanebis kolonas mivyvebo-
di ukan, roca Cven SevCerdiT. me vijeqi ukan, amdenad yuradReba ar
gamimaxvilebia samxedro teqnikisa da manqanebis kolonis mimarT,
romlebic Semogvxvda. isini ar gaCerebulan, ise gaagrZeles gza.
me vici, rom roca Cveni manqanebis kolona gaCerda, maTTan gaC-
erda Semxvedri mimarTulebiT moZravi „niva“, „nividan“ gadmovida
616
qiSmaria da igi esaubreboda absanZes. maT saubars SevuerTdi mec.
aq gavige, rom qiSmariam Seasrula piroba da Cvens dasaxmareblad
moyavda „boevikebi“ da mZime teqnika. aqve davazusteb, rom Cvens
manqanebis kolonas win Semoxvda qiSmarias „niva“. amitom SevCerdiT
gzaSi, gadmovediT manqanebidan da amis Semdeg daaxloebiT erTi
wuTis Semdeg Cagviara afxazeTis mxridan momavalma samxedro te-
qnikam da avtobusebma, ise rom isini ar SeCerebulan. rodesac ab-
sanZem gaigo damxmare Zalis Sesaxeb, miTxra da misi winadadebiT
me, absanZe, qiSmariasTan erTad davbrundiT zugdidSi ise, rom
manamde CvenTvis ucnob ojaxSi davabinave Cemi col–Svili, meore
ojaxSi dabinavda gamsaxurdia da misi dacva.
Semdeg movlenebi ganviTarda ise rogorc wina CvenebebSi mogax-
seneT da mis ganmeorebas aRar vTvli saWirod. gamsaxurdias zug-
didan gayvanamde daaxloebiT ori–sami dRiT adre ganmeorebiT
Sevxvdi. vacnobe, rom prezidentis gayvanis sakiTxi mogvarebuli
mqonda. mas gaviyvandi kidec da Semdeg kidev ecliaT sami–oTxi
dRe, movagvarebdi SeiaraRebuli formirebebis mTlianad gayvanas
da Semdeg Semosuliyvnen samTavrobo jarebi sisxlisRvris gareSe.
me zugdidi davtove noembris dasawyisSi, ricxvi ar maxsendeba. am
droisaTvis sof. caiSTan da WiTawyarosTan idga daaxloebiT or-
mocdaaTi–samocdaaTi kaci. am biWebma Cemi gasvlis Sesaxeb araferi
icodnen. maT icodnen, rom samTavrobo jarebi daiwyebdnen wins-
vlas. maT poziciebi unda daetovebinaT yovelgvari winaaRmdego-
bis gareSe, es marTlac ase moxda. roca me davbrundi aCigvara-
Si col–SvilTan Sesaxvedrad, lagvilavam, romelmac me mimacila
afxazeTis sazRvridan sof. aCigvaraSi, miTxra, rom amave diliT
prezidenti, misi dacva da Cemi ojaxis wevrebi dabrunebulan zug-
didSi. afxazeTis sazRvarze gamoucilebiaT mxolod prezidenti,
Cemi ojaxi aRar dabrunebula ukan. daaxloebiT ori–sami Tvis Sem-
deg, ukve suzdalSi gavige, kerZod, visagan aRar maxsovs, rom roca
prezidenti da absanZe dabrunebulan zugdidSi dacvas preziden-
ti wauyvania sxva mimarTulebiT ise, rom absanZe aRar wauyvaniaT.
absanZe daaxloebiT erTi Tvis Semdeg gamosula samegrelodan da
wasula moskovSi baTumis gavliT. Tu ra iyo amis mizezebi, rom
absanZe aRar darCa gamsaxurdiasTan ar vici. rogorc absanZis
saubridan vaskvni, afxazi boevikebis zugdidSi Semoyvanas organi-
zacia gaukeTa man, gamsaxurdiasTan erTad. rogorc Tqvens mier
617
dasmul SekiTxvaSi naCvenebi mowmeebis Cvenebidan irkveva, 1993
wlis noembris pirvel ricxvebSi afxazi boevikebi da mZime teqnika
kvlav SemouyvaniaT zugdidSi, Tu vin gaukeTa amas organizeba ar
vici. am faqtis Sesaxeb mesmis pirvelad.
zaur gergedava iyo Cveni SeiaraRebuli formirebebis sameur-
neo samsaxuris ufrosi. misi movaleoba iyo sajariso formirebebis
momarageba sursaTiT, tansacmliT da sxva aseTiT. igi aseve awar-
moebda sajariso nawilebze sursaTisa da sxva saxis produqtebis
ganawilebas. qarcxia, romlis saxeli ar maxsovs, iyo Cemi a/manqana
gaz–31–is mZRoli. es manqana TeTri ferisaa. nomeri ar maxsovs.
manqana iyo dazianebuli da faqtiurad me am manqaniT ar davdiodi.
amitom qarcxias Cems mZRolad ar vTvli. Cemi mZRoli iyo saxelad
ciqori, gvari ar maxsovs.
Cemi Cveneba wavikiTxe, Cawerilia Cemi karnaxiT sworad.

v. qobalia
wyaro: gazeTi „saqarTvelo“ 66(1504), 9-12 dekemberi, 1996 weli.
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №55, 2017 wlis dekemberi.
feis-momaxmareblis komentari internetSi dadebul winamdebare `da-

kiTxvis oqmze~
Zaza Tripolski aseTi moRalateebi iyvnen Segzavnili zviadis

gundSi da Tavs mis erTgulebad asaRebdnen, atyuebdnen prezi-
dents da farulad SevardnaZis mafiasTan TanamSromlobdnen.
putCisti generali Tamaz dumbaZe werda, rom man zviadis gare-
mocvaSi Segzavna Tavisi agenti-generali uCava. “yvelas ukvirda,
rom uCava Tavs zviadis momxred asaRebda. amis Sesaxeb vicodiT
me da WumburiZem da arafers vambobdiT, raTa Cveni Segzavnili
iyo”-wers dumbaZe...
· 3 sT. · Casworebulia
618
Leila Tsomaia ruseTume qobalia da lakia, samegrelos
avtonomiis veraguli Canafiqris mixedviT moqmedebdnen da moq-
medeben dResac; maT interesebSi arafriT Sedioda devnilobidan
dabrunebuli prezident zviad gamsaxurdias TbilisSi Casvla da
sruliad saqarTveloSi konstituciuri wesrigis aRdgena, aramed,
CaeketaT igi zugdidSi da samegrelos avtonomiis prezidentad
eqciaT...
619
marTla daarbies Tu ara
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saflavi?...
mas Semdeg, rac facebook-iT gavrcelda SemaSfoTebeli infor-

macia, 23 agvistos, mTawmindis panTeonSi, damoukidebeli saqarT-
velos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias ZvalTSesalagis
darbevasTan dakavSirebiT, mTeli kvira ar Sewyvetila miTqma-moTq-
ma da gulwrfeli protestis xma qarTveli eris mxridan. me da
uzenaesi sabWos deputati soxumidan nugzar mgalobliSvili, meo-
re dRes – 24 agvistos RamiT avediT mTawmindaze. gzaze oriveni
Zalian vRelavdiT da daZabuli mgvzavrobdiT, magram zviadis sa-
flavTan miaxloebisTanave orives Sveba mogveca rameTu preziden-
tis saflavi Cveulebriv mowesrigebul-movlil mdgomareobaSi
dagvxda. CvensaviT sxvanic SeSfoTebulan da Cvenamde mounax-
ulebiaT saTayvanebeli prezidentis saflavi da yvavilebic aet-
anaT. miuxedavad gviani mwuxrisa, Cvens iq yofnaSic Sewuxebuli
modiodnen sxvadasxva asakis adamianebi (axalgazrdebic).
obieqtur viTarebaSi gasarkvevad Cven gavesaubreT mamadavi-
Tis eklesiis mrevls baton oTar WeliZes, romelmac gviTxra: „me
TiTqmis dRisa da Ramis ganmavlobaSi, sanam daraji karibWes ar
daketavs, aq vtrialeb-xolme da saflavis Seuracxyofis an dar-
bevis faqts adgili ar hqonia, es namdvilad ar gamomepareboda.
SeiZleba es xis patara jvari, vinmem daudevrad gadaaadgila an
sulac qarma moafriala. ai, daxedeT, aq Tixisa da keramikis qoT-
nebicaa da darbevis SemTxvevaSi xom advilad daziandeboda? Cven
ki vxedavT, rom yvelaferi uvneblad dgas. eklesiis moZRvrebi da
msaxurebic Zalian yuradRebiT arian xolme da yvela mamuliSvi-
lis saflavebs mzrunveloben, gansakuTrebiT prezidentis safla-
vs... vfiqrob, gazviadebas aqvs adgili an Segnebul dezinforma-
cias am isedac daZabul viTarebaSi“o...
Cven isRa dagvrCenoda fotoebi gadagveRo movlil-mowesri-
gebul prezidentis saflavTan, raTa Sewyvetiliyo miTqma-moTqma
da aJiotaJi. me, cxadia, darguli sazafxulo yvavilebis (razedac
apelirebdnen informaciis gamavrceleblebi) bediTac davinteres-
620
di; batonma oTarma gangvimarta, rom aq darguli sezonuri yvavile-
bi gadaxma, risganac mosufTavda saflavi da moCiCqvnis kvalic
etyobao. seqtembridan, uTuod ganaaxleben yvavilebis nargavebso.
(ix. Cveni mzrunveli respondenti oTar WeliZe nugzar mgalobliSv-
ilTan erTad).
24 agvistos, dRisiT, saflavze asulan q-n manana arCvaZe sam
qalbatonTan erTad, romlebsac ganuaxlebiaT qoTnis yvavile-
bi, rac telekompania „rusTavi 2“-is siuJetSic vixileT, magram,
arc korespondentis da arc q-n mananas mxridan araferi Tqmula
saflavis wina dRiT „darbevis“ Sesaxeb, aramed siuJeti exeboda
prezidentis mkvlelobis gamouZieblobis sakiTxs(ix. linki http://
rustavi2.ge/ka/news/83340) .
amadac, im niSnisgebas, rom TiTqos Cven saflavis mosanaxuleb-
lad avediT meore dRis RamiT, anu im dros, rodesac saflavi q-n
mananas mier ukve mowesrigebuli iyo, ver gaviziarebT, miTumetes,
roca informaciis gamavrceleblebma, vercerTi seriozuli Tu
damajerebeli mtkicebuleba ver dades darbevis kadrebisa.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saflavis, viTomcda darbev-
is dezinformaciis gamavrcelebeli(pirvelwyaro) ki gaxlavT
feis-momxmarebeli Kaxaber Mistrali, romelic amofarebulia „niks“.
me igi adre myavda megobrebSi, magram avantiuristuli postebis
gamo gavauqme masTan megobroba. rogorc mogvianebiT gamovarkvie
Kaxaber Mistrali-s fsevdonimiT feis-sivrceSi daregistrirebuli
es pirovneba, realurad yofila q-n mananas jgufidan, profe-
siiT mxatvari kaxaber xuxunaiSvili. mis informaciaze dayrdno-
biT, saflavis darbevis cnoba gaavrcela ramdenime sainformacio
saagentom, xolo gazeT „asaval-dasavalis“ korespondenti gior-
gi gigauri, cnobas, amgvari saTauriT gamoexmaura: „vandalebi da
damkveTebi sastikad unda daisajon!~
mTawmindis panTeonSi vandalebma saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidentisa da erovnuli gmiris – zviad gamsaxurdias saflavi
daarbies!“
zviadis saflavi, marTla rom daerbiaT, am vinme `mistralis~
qomagobis imedad darCebodnen zviadis Svilebi da am dromde
gaiyursebodnen?... saqme imaSia, rom amgvari cru informacia, am
jgufma 2007 wlis 24 maissac gaavrcela, razec prezidentis Sv-
ilma giorgi gamsaxurdiam upasuxa, rom zviadis saflavis dar-
621
beva ar momxdara: `gamsaxurdiebis ojaxi uaryofs gavrcelebul
informacias saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsax-
urdias saflavis darbevis Taobaze. rogorc `pirvels~ pirve-
li prezidentis vaJma giorgi gamsaxurdiam ganucxada, safla-
vidan qoTnebi da Zveli yvavilebi misi davalebiT aiRes da
aranair darbevas adgili ar hqonia~ (24 May 2007, 16:09 #5686812·
http://pirveli.com.ge).
„mistrals“ anonimuri video-CanaweriT mxari auba londoni-
dan (rogorc TviTon gvamcnobs) Camosulma Giorgi Megrelishvili-ma,
romelmac sakuTar feis-gverdze dado mobiluriT atvirTuli
anonimi mRvdlisa Tu morCilis xma, romelic TiTqos „adasturebs“
prezidentis saflavis darbevas. Cven, cxadia, giorgi megreliS-
vilsac movTxoveT gaesajarovebina mRvdlis vinaoba, raTa Cvenc
agveRo interviu „mowme mRvdlisgan“, razedac megreliSvilma
kategoriuli uariT gvipasuxa. mis uarze Cveni reaqciac analogi-
urad kategoriuli iyo: valdebuli xarT, Tqvenive audioCanaweris
sandoobisaTvis, daasaxeloT mamaos vinaoba, sabWouri anonimuri
avtorebis epoqa wavida! londonSi gicxovriaT da iq aseT “profe-
siul” saqmianobas eweviT? sabWour-Jurnalisturs? (miniSneba gava-
keTeT sabWouri xanis gazeT „komunistis“ erT-erT korespondent,
mis mogvare megreliSvilze...).
giorgi megreliSvilisa da kaxaber xuxunaiSvili (– „mis-
trali“s)-Tan polemikaSi, Cven verc zrdilobis eTikur normebs
wavawydiT da verc veranair polemikis kulturas; isini, garda imi-
sa, rom Tavad uxeSobdnen, Semogvisies TavianTi damqaSebi „mrgvali
magidis“ jgufidan, romlebic uSver, Seuracxmyofel da cilism-
wameblur sityvebs ar iSurebdnen Cveni misamarTiT, raSic gansa-
kuTrebiT gamoiCines Tavi nino grigolaSvilma, ia bebiam, gela
razmaZem, lamara qoiavam, elza CinCalaZem, lia qaldanma...
es is jgufia q-n manana arCvaZis „mrgvali magididan“, romlebic
Tavad Sedgnen prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saflavze, barebiTa
da niCfebiT, 2010 wlis 17 Tebervals da moindomes mTawmindis pan-
Teonidan misi amoTxra q-n mananas gankargulebiT. xolo am dRis
namdvili da SemaZrwunebeli vandalizmi ki arcerT maTgans ar
gauprotestebia, aravis aRmoaCnda saRi goneba, isedac mravalgzis
wamebuli prezidentis neStisadmi saTanado pativisa Tu krZalvis
gancda da arc saxelmwifoebrivi TviTSegneba. es Tavad vandali
622
da barbarosi e.w. „mrgvali magidelebi“, meramdened texen saeWvo
xmaurs prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saflavis, viTom xelaxali
darbevis Sesaxeb.
amgvari cru gangaSebi xom ar emsaxureba ukeTur mizans e.w.
mrgvali magidelebis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomare aleqsandre
JRentis da premier-ministr manana arCvaZis mxridan, rom sab-
olood Seqmnan azri zviadis saflavis mTawmindis panTeonSi
daucvelobis Sesaxeb da moamzadon alibi misi kolxur koSkSi ga-
dasvenebisa? xom cnobilia, rom qalbaton manana arCvaZes ar surda
zviadis dakrZalva mTawmindaze da es sakiTxi, oden, gansvenebuli
prezidentis vaJiSvilebisa da qarTveli eris nebiT gadawyda, rac
saakaSvilis xelisuflebis mier pragmatuli mosazrebiT iqna mxar-
daWerili.
Cveni umorCilesi Txovnaa, rom Sewydes miTqma-moTqma damou-
kidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis saflavTan dakavSire-
biT, rameTu, zogjer royio naTqvamsac SeuZlia xolme danaSaulis
provocireba...
leila comaia,
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №54, gv. 17, 2017 weli.
, .„ “ N54, . 17, 2017 .
623
meliaseuli sizmreb-molandebebis eqo
CvenSi arsebobs aseTi xalxuri Tqmuleba: „melas, rac esizmre-

boda, is elandebodao!“
90-an wlebSi gazeT „axali Taobis“ yofili korespondenti da
amJamad radio „obieqtivis“ erT-erTi gadacemis wamyvani nino
ratiSvili, romelic erovnuli moZraobis dros aetorRiala zviad
gamsaxurdias da mis mier daarsebul „ilia marTlis sazogadoeba-
Sic“ ki Sedga fexi, magram zviadis ndoba mainc verafriT moipova
da Camoicila igi, dRes xSirad spekulirebs erovnuli moZraobisa
da zviad gamsaxurdias saxeliTac ki!
2012 wlis 10 ivlisis Ramis gadacemaSi misma crupentelobam ki
yovelgvar sazRvars gadaaWarba. kerZod, miwveul stumar-respon-
denteb biZina gujabiZesa da mamuka giorgaZesTan TiTqmis erTsaa-
Tiani saubris dros, ratiSvilma sruliad moulodnelad aseTi
ram Tqva: „ me maxsendeba zviad gamsaxurdias sityvebi. da me maSin
viyavi Zalian gakvirvebuli. imitom, rom maSin viyaviT amerikul
xiblebSi da iciT, ra miTxra erTxel? CNN korespondentebi mivi-
yvaneT baton zviadTan da... aseTi ram miTxra: „yvelaze ukanaskne-
li rusi sukis jaSuSi mirCevnia yvelaze demokrat amerikels“o!
(ix. gadacemis Canaweri http://www.obieqtivi.net/sqvideo.php?sqvid=8133
qronometraJis 29 wT. da 57 wm-dan) da me maSin vifiqre – es, ro-
gor! da gavida wlebi da ... mivxvdi, rom zviadma marTali miTxra!“
yvela gonier adamians, misi mosmenisas bunebrivad gauCndeboda
kiTxva: „ratom ar dabeWda Jurnalistma nino ratiSvilma batoni
zviadis es sityvebi maSin, im periodis presaSi?!“
aseve, Cven gagviCnda bunebrivi molodini, rom zviad gamsaxur-
dias prefeqti da gadacemis stumari biZina gujabiZe mainc gaa-
keTebda raime ganmartebas ratiSvilis am sensaciur gancxadebaze,
magram amaod! xolo erovnuli moZraobis sxva warmomadgenelma –
ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevrma d. CaCaniZem, romelic 90-iani
wlebis Semdgom aSS-Sia emigrirebuli, ratiSvilis es sizmriseuli
bodva, sam dReSi frTian frazad aqcia da zviad gamsaxurdias su-
raTze daabeWda (ix. qvemoT). savaraudod, igi gaxldaT aqtivisti
im erTaderTi satelefono zarisa, romelic gadacemaSi aSS-dan
624
CairTo. daCi CaCaniZe socialur qselSi, xan daCi qarTvelis, xan le-
van qarTveliSvilis, xan irakli qarTveliSvilis... fsevdonomiT (ni-
kiT) Semodis da zviadis qvemoTmoyvanili fotoc cilismwamebluri
warweriT, Tavdapirvelad irakli qarTveliSvilis nikiT gaavrcela,
rac Tavis kedelze gaiziara kaxa kukavam.
amgvarma wiaRsvlam CemSi maSinve gaaCina eWvi, rom qarTveliSvi-
li da kukava erTi plaTformisa da erTi politikuri orientaci-
is personebi iyvnen, romelTac swored rom macocxlebel frazad
waadgaT ratiSviliseuli nabJuturebi. me maSinve moviTxove „qa-
rTveliSvilisgan“, rom daesaxelebina wyaro zviadis am sityvebisa,
radgan radio „obieqtivis“, romelsac SevardnaZeebi afinanseben,
msmeneli ar gaxlavarT da ar momismenia ratiSvilisTvis. qarT-
veliSvilma Tavdapirvel wyarod damisaxela 1991 wlis 2 ivlisis
„saqarTvelos samreklo“, rasac Cemi es pasuxi mohyva:batono irak-
li qarTveliSvilo, Tqvena xarT avantiuristi da yalbismqmneli!...
sazogadoebisa da kaxa kukavas sayuradRebod ki valdebuli var gan-
vacxado, rom: gazeT “saqarTvelos samreklos” erTaderTi nomeri
gamovida 1923 wels konstantine gamsaxurdias redaqtorobiT, rom-
lis gamocema 1992 wels aRadgina konstantine gamsaxurdias sazo-
gadoebam (da ara 1991 wels). misi gamocema 1993 welsac ZaladobiT
Seawyvtina xuntam.
1992-93 wlebis “saqarTvelos samreklos” redaqtor-gamomce-
meli gaxldaT elizbar javeliZe. 1996 wels gazeTis gamocema ga-
naaxla jemal davlianiZem da misi redaqtorobiT gamodioda 1996
wlis ivlisamde, xolo 1996 wlis ivlisidan 1999 wlis Tebervlamde
gazeTs redaqtorobda awgansvenebuli uzenaesi sabWos deputati
akaki maTiaSvili da zurab wulaia, romelTa drosac gazeTis ga-
mocema Sewyda da am dromde Sewyvetilia.
ase, rom vinme irakli qarTveliSvilis (daCi CaCaniZis) gancxadeba,
rom TiTqos prezident zviad gamsaxurdias Cvens mier gaprotest-
ebuli citata, viTom dabeWdilia 1991 wlis 2 ivlisis `saqarTvelos
samrekloSi“ – mtknari sicruea! politikos kukavs ki moeTxoveba
meti sifrTxiliT moekidos damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidentis ideur da politikur memkvidreobas da nuRar Seecde-
ba Tavis rusul imperialistur orientacias moargos igi!
qarTveliSvili mimdinare wlis 4 ianvridan damekontaqta, aw
ukve daCi qarTvelis nikiT (fsevdonimiT) da momwera:
625
daCi qarTveli leila, es Cemi gakeTebuli suraTia.
ra ar mogewonaT, an tyvili ra naxeT mand?!
me skaipiT davukavSirdi daCi qarTvels da Sevecade damer-

wmunebina igi, rom es sityvebi ar ekuTvnis zviad gamsaxurdias
da suraTidan unda waeSala warwera. mxolod am moTxovnis Sem-
deg gamomigzavna man es zemocemuli „obieqtivis“ linki, saidanac
gacxadda CemTvis am cilismwamebluri sityvebis gavrcelebis nam-
dvili wyaro nino ratiSvilis saxiT. unda giTxraT, rom am warwe-
rianma zviadis fotom didi aRSfoTeba gamoiwvia facebook-is sxva
momxmareblebSic yalbismqmnelis mimarT, romlebsac energiulad
igeriebda Tavad warweris avtori daCi qarTveli (CaCaniZe), rome-
lic amJamad kaxa kukavas aqtiur Tanamoazred gvevlineba.
626
Cems gulwrfel gakvirvebas iwvevs,
ra akavSirebdaT am ruseTumeebs (nino
ratiSvils, daCi CaCaniZes, biZina gujabi-
Zes, zviad ZiZigurs...) erovnul moZrao-
basa da zviad gamsaxurdiasTan, romlis
politikuri orientacia iyo pirveli
etapisTvis evropa, dasavleTi, xolo Sem-
dgom da sabolood – kavkasiis erTiani
saxelmwifo?
leila comaia,
gaz. “ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №35, 2013 w.
627
mziani meufe, romelic mokles
dRemde ar cxreba interesi meufe ambrosis (qaTamaZe) moulod-

neli da uecari gardacvalebis mimarT. meufe, 2008 wlis 26 noem-
bers abazanis karTan usulod momwydari ixila misma ufrosma Sv-
ilma mama nodarma. meufe 67 wlisa iyo.
gaiziara Tu ara meufe ambrosma kaTolikos-patriarqis kirion
II-is bedi da niSandoblivia, Tu ara gardacvalebis TariRebisa da
adgilebis Tanxvdenac, amis garkvevas Cven Tanmimdevrulad Sevec-
debiT.manamde ki, oriod sityviT, kirion II-is gaurkvevel viTare-
baSi gardacvalebis istoriasac gavixsenebT.
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliisaTvis moRvawe episkoposi
kirion II, 1918 wlis 26 ivniss, saxlSi tyviiT gangmiruli ipoves.
kirion II-is msgavsad, meufe ambrosic, mravalwlian devniloba-
Si ruseTSi imyofeboda. meufe ambrosi saqarTvelos damoukide-
blobisa da eklesiis siwmindis dacva-SenarCunebisaTvis ibrZoda,
vinaidan acnobierebda ra, rom saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblo-
bis dakargvas, aw ukve sxvagvari formiT, uciloblad mohyveboda
eklesiis avtokefaliis dakargvac.
iseve, rogorc kirion II-is mkvle-
loba, meufe ambrosis mkvlelobac
Sida saeklesio dapirispirebisa da
antierovnuli Zalebis interesTa
Tanxvedris Sedegad ganxorcielda.
gansxvaveba mxolod mkvlelobis
iaraRSia; dRevandelma specsamsax-
urebma aSkarad daxvewes mkvlelobis
meTodebi da arasasurveli per-
sonebis winaaRmdeg maTTvis xel-
sayrel momentSi ukve efeqturad
iyeneben gaziT (CO) mowamvlis, anu
usisxlo mkvlelobis meTodebs. gu-
liTadi qadag-mlocveli meufe am-
628
brosisaTvis ganuyoflad sisxlxorceuli iyo, rogorc saeklesio,
aseve saero cxovrebac. amgvari maRalsulierebis gamo igi gul-
grili ver darCa 1989-92 wlebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
damoukideblobisa da TavisuflebisaTvis gaCaRebuli brZolebis
mimarT da mtkiced dadga jer erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZ-
raobis sworupovari lideris, xolo Semdgom damoukidebeli saqa-
rTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias mxardamxar da
sakuTari ori vaJiSvilic Caaba samSoblos Tavisuflebis dacvaSi.
am ideuri mrwamsiT meufe ambrosi mkveTrad gaemijna saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqsa da sinodis im wevrebs, romlebic ruseTis
imperiis mier dafinansebul da organizebul samxedro-kriminalur
xuntas TanaugrZnobdnen saqarTvelos erovnuli prezidentisa da
misi xelisuflebis damxobis gadawyvetilebaSi.
iseve, rogorc kirion II (mkiTxvels SevaxsenebT, rom igi,
saqarTvelos eklesiam, wmindanad mxolod 2002 w. Seracxa), arc
meufe ambrosi yofila marto Tavis wminda brZolebSi; Tu kiri-
on II erovnuli damoukideblobisa da eklesiis avtokefaliisaT-
vis brZolaSi gverdiT edga mitropoliti leonide (oqropiriZe,
Sav-bneli Zalebi, kvalis arevis mizniT, kirion II-is mkvlelobas
masac ki abralebdnen), aseve meufe ambrosis mxardamxar ibrZoda
meufe qristeforec (wamalaiZe), romelic sapatriarqom, agreTve
gankveTa da dRemde amaod iTxovs Tavis uflebebSi aRdgenas.
mTavarepiskoposi ambrosis (qaT-
amaZe) mkvlelobis garemoebebisa da
mizezebis ukeT garkvevaSi Cven in-
terviu vTxoveT mis ufros vaJiS-
vils mama nodars.
– mama nodar, ra daskvna dado
eqspertizam, riTi gardaicvala
mamaTqveni, meufe ambrosi?
– qalbatono leila, mamaCemis ue-
car gardacvalebasTan dakavSirebiT
Cven Svilebsa da ojaxis sxva wevrebs
maSinve gagviCnda eWvi misi bunebrivi
aRsrulebis mimarT, vinaidan mama
sruliad janmrTeli, energiuli,
sulierad da fizikurad Zlieri
629
kaci iyo, mas wnevac ki arasodes awuxebda da arasodes miuRia raime
wamalic. yovelives gaTvaliswinebiT, gansakuTrebiT davinteresdiT
eqspertiziT. eqspertis daskvniT mamaCemis organizmSi aRmoCnda didi
raodenobiT -68% gazi (C), ramac gamoiwvia misi sikvdili.
– Tqveni azriT, saidan unda aRmoCeniliyo mis organizmSi
gazi, hqonda mas gazis gamaTbobeli?
– mamas aranairi gazis gamaTbobeli ar hqonda da igi saerTod
ar iyo mcivana, Zlieri siciveebis dros mxolod eleqtro-saTburs
iyenebda loginSi da isic mciredi xniT. hqonda, mxolod, gazis wy-
lis gamacxelebeli, romelsac sarecxisTvis iyenebda.
– iqneb, swored am daniSnulebiT CarTvisas dagrovda gazi
oTaxSi?
– mama me 27 ricxvSi vnaxe gardacvlili da eqspertis daskvniT
igi 26-Si gardacvlila. me, roca mamis sacxovrisSi Sevedi iq Car-
Tuli ar damxvedria, arc gazis e. w. plita da arc wylis gamacx-
elebeli. abazanSi, etyoba cudad gaxdomis gamo undoda Sesvla,
magram ukve sikvdili daudga. igi, yovel dRe, abazanaSi dagrovi-
li civi wyliT banaobda, zamTar-zafxul da iqac “vintilatori”
hqonda CarTuli.
– dainteresda, Tu ara prokuratura momxdari faqtiT?
– rogor ara, dainteresda da saqmec aRiZra 108 muxliT, anu
ganzraxmkvlelobis muxliT. mamas haeris gaTboba ar uyvarda, ele-
qtro qurasac ki ar marTvevinebda-xolme, “a, biWo, isunTqe sufTa
haerio”, mamunaTebda. samzareulos didi sarkmeli, zamTarSic ki,
mudam Ria hqonda. igi mTeli cxovreba varjiSobda, eqspertebma
Tqves, bavSvis organoebi hqondao, xolo gareTa kani 30 wlis bi-
Wisao; imdenad jansaRi da wminda cxovrebiT cxovrobda, erTTa-
vad lariviT gaWimuli dadioda. me, TviTon saxalxod mlanZRavda
“Ripi da jipi ar unda hqondes mRvdelso”.
– mama nodar, Tqven cal-calke cxovrobdiT?
– diax, me Cemi oTxi SviliT da meuRliT calke naqiraveb binaSi
vcxovrob, mama calke naqiravebSi cxovrobda. xSirad vTxovdi, er-
Tad gvecxovra, magram igi meubneboda, erTad cxovrebis Jams meti
dro bavSvebis moferebaSi unda gavataro da locvas davaklebo.
igi beruli cxovrebiT cxovrobda da roca Sin iyo sul locvaSi
atarebda. locvis dros telefonze ar mpasuxobda da mec miCveu-
li viyavi. amitomac gamomepara is erTi dRe, telefonze, rom ar
630
mpasuxobda, vifiqre locvebSia-meTqi, Turme Tavs ubedureba dam-
tydomia.
– mama nodar, meufe ambross CemTanac da sxvasTanac araerTx-
el uTqvams, momklaveno da amasve SiSobda Tqvenzec, TqvenTvis
msgavsi araferi aqvs naTqvami?
– diax, bolo sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi igi amas ambobda. mama, me-
brZoli RvTismsaxuri iyo da amis gamo garkveul ZalebSi arsebob-
da misi Tavidan mocilebis survili, mogexsenebaT, me mamas mZRol-
ic viyavi da orjer saidumlo viTarebaSi naxevrad gadaxerxes Cemi
manqanis saWis RerZi, ramdenjerme avaria mogviwyves, ramdenjerme
gvesroles.
– gesroles kidec?
– diax, sxierobas, 1990 wels onis raionSi mamas esroles ma-
Sindelma kgb-s TanamSromlebma (erovnuli xelisufleba jer ar
iyo mosuli) da me avefare, tyvia xelSi momxvda... mamas Seuracx-
hyofdnen, akninebdnen, fizikuradac exebodnen. “mxedrionelebma”
gaitaces Cemi Zma sulxani. mogexsenebaT mamaCemi, – meufe ambrosi,
me da Cemi Zma, samxedro gadatrialebis dros uzenaes sabWos Seno-
baSi SevediT da davdeqiT kanonieri erovnuli prezidentis zviad
gamsaxurdias gverdiT. mamam droebiT amyara xarisxi (dekanozoba),
SemiCera mRvdelmoqmedeba da ganmicxada, rom iaraRiT xelSi damec-
va Cemi qveynis erovnuli prezidenti, rogorc saxelmwifoebrivi
damoukideblobisa da Tavisuflebis garanti. me bednieri var, rom
es aranakleb amaRlebuli dReebi gaviare da arasodes vinaneb amas.
– samxedro gadatrialebis Semdgom Tqven sad waxvediT?
– Cven samiveni wavediT tyibulSi da iq samlocvelos SevafareT
Tavi, magram iqac movardnen “mxedrionelebi”, dacxriles xatebi
da Cven iaraRis lulis qveS dagvayenes, sastikad gvcemes, sadRac
gaitaces Cemi Zma. rogorc iqna davixseniT igi da gadavwyviteT
samives, rogorme dagvetovebina saqarTvelo. gadacmulebma ba-
Tumidan movaxerxeT soCaSi Casvla naTesavebTan, sadac davyaviT
erTi weli. erTi wlis Semdgom gavemgzavreT moskovSi biZaSvilT-
an, sadac 2003 wlamde vimyofebodiT da saqarTveloSi CamovediT
mxolod mas Semdeg, rac qaSueTis eklesiaSi, saxelmwifo ministr
guram afsanZesa da prezident saakaSvilis xelmoweriT gaformda
e. w. Serigebis aqti 2004 wels. Cven, arc ruseTSi viyaviT usafrTx-
od. Tavdasxma mamaze moskovSic ganxorcielda, mas Tavs daesxnen
631
“mxedrionelebi” da mama peragovos saavadmyofoSi iwva karga xans.
– mama nodar, meufe ambrosi gankveTili iyo sapatriarqodan?
– diax, sapatriarqom 1996 wels meufe ambrosi gankveTa “epar-
qiis TviTneburad mitovebis gamo” (sxvaTaSoris am motiviT gankve-
Tes meufe qristeforec – wamalaiZe). sinamdvileSi ki prezident
gamsaxurdias dacvis, – xolo Semdgom groznoSi awgansvenebuli
prezidentisaTvis wesis agebis gamo meufe qristefore wamalaiZe
da meufe ambrosi eklesiidan gankveTes. mamaCemi iyo jer episkopo-
si, Semdgom mTavarepiskoposi, romelic gankveTis gamo iZulebuli
gaxda dakavSireboda sazRvargareTis eklesias, ruseTis im eklesi-
is dajgufebas, frTas, romelic ar Seekra komunistur kgb-s, ga-
moeyo sergianelebs da wavidnen sazRvargareT. dRes ukve Serige-
bulebi arian ruseTSi oficialurad moqmedi da sazRvargareTis
rusuli katakomburi eklesiebi. mama moskovSi miiRes am eklesiis
erT-erT StoSi da aRiares pirvel ierarqad da mitropolitis
xarisxic uboZes. imis gamo; rom mama eklesiis gareT ar yofiliyo,
iZulebuli iyo droebiT ase gaegrZelebina RvTismsaxureba.
– es iyo rusuli marTlmadidebluri eklesia?
– diax, WeSmaritad marTlmadidebluri katakomburi eklesia,
romelic ar TanamSromlobs xelisuflebasa da kgb-sTan, aramed
eweva wminda mRvdelmsaxurebas. iq ar aris patriarqis wodeba, ar-
amed maRal ierarqiul pirs hqvia “adgilis mosaydre”.
– vfiqrobT, mkiTxvelisTvis intersmoklebuli ar unda iyos
meufis piradi cxovreba, rogor cxovrobda igi?
– meufe wminda beruli cxovrebiT cxovrobda. amis gamo igi
xorcielad ganerida ojaxs da Svilebic gaviyaviT. sulxani de-
dasTan darCa da mamasTanac xSirad Camodioda, me mamasTan davrCi
da dedasTanac Cavdiodi. erTad yofnis dros mama Svilebs gvivl-
ida, gvirecxavda, gviuTovebda, SeWamads gvikeTebda da gvikerav-
da kidec. mamas yvelaferi es zedmiwevniT kargad da xarisxianad
gamosdioda.
– da TviTonac erTTavad saguldagulod movlili dadioda
da Cven gvegona, mas vinme damxmare morCili qali hyavda.
– ara, yvelafers sakuTari xelebiT akeTebda da darCenil dros
gulmxurvale locvaSi atarebda. mamam, 1978 wels gaxsna nikorw-
mindis sakaTedro taZari da gankveTamde iyo sinodis wevri. mama
dabadebulia 1941 wels.
632
– mama nodar, Tqven amJamad sad msaxurobT?
– uwmindesis locva-kurTxeviT vmsaxurob samebis sakaTedro
taZarSi, mamac, bolos samebis taZris morCili iyo.
– Cven meufisagan viciT, rom prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
Tanadgomis gamo patriarqi meufisagan monaniebas moiTxovda da
mxolod amis Semdgom aRuTqvamda uflebebSi aRdgenas.
– arc mama moinaniebda da arc me arasodes movinanieb Cemi qvey-
nis erovnuli prezidentisa da Tavisuflebis dacvas, es ara marto
eris kacis, aramed yoveli berisa da RvTismsaxuris movaleobacaa.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №19, 2009 w.
633
mZinare mowme
mRviZareze ufro pirmtkice!
`mZinare mowme~, es epiTeti, pirvelad, aw gardacvlili `rev-

olucioneri~ poetis iza orjonikiZis samxilad gamoviyene da am
saTauriTve daibeWda gazeTis àxali epoqa~ (8-11 ivnisi 2001) –
damatebaSi `Cveni mwerloba~ (ix. 8-15 ivnisi, 2001, gv. 9-10).
xsenebul werilSi b-n besarion guguSvilis sityvebic erT-erT
argumentad movixme da ras vifiqrebdi, rom gavidoda xani da mZin-
are mowmis statusiT, i. orjonikiZis msgavsad, Tavad besarionic
mogvevlineboda da isic... swored damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg!
diax, kataklizmebi politikis maxasiaTebelicaa da misganac
gviwevs dacva Cveni wamebuli prezidentis, romelic b-n besarion-
ma, fineTidan erT-erT satelevizio CarTvisas (I arxi), demagogi-
urad sul `maoxrebel mkvdrad~ ixsenia.
mZinare mowme b-ni guguSvili, 1994 wlidan dRemde pirmtkiced
adasturebs, rom prezidentma Tavi moikla da jiutad cdilobs
miseuli prezumfcia dadasturebul faqtad SemogvasaRos. ufro
metic, yvelas mimarT misi principuli moTxovnaa, TviTmkvlelo-
bis garda, aramc da aramc sxva versia ar ganixilon!
guguSvili, Tavis yvela interviuSi, Wirveuli bavSviviT e.w.
sagarantio furcels gvifrialebs da `kiku-kokoistebad~ gvix-
seniebs yvelas, vinc privatuli `xelSekruleba~ faratina qaR-
aldad vuqcieT.
òjaxis mier dadebuli pirobis Tanaxmad, ... gamsaxurdias
ojaxi unda yofiliyo zviad gamsaxurdias TviTmkvlelobis ver-
siis garanti da mcveli! anu, gamsaxurdias ojaxs arasdros unda
wamoeyenebina sxva versia, garda TviTmkvlelobisa da yovelTvis
unda daecva swored da zustad TviTmkvlelobis versia~. amonari-
di guguSvilis interviudan madlen maWaraSvilTan (9-04-2010,16:45).
guguSvilis Tavdacvis taqtika qiliki da Seuracxyofaa.
mravali winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, damoukidebeli saqarTve-
los respublikis pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias gar-
dacvalebis garemoebebis damdgenma saparlamento komisiam muSaoba
634
mainc daasrula da komisiis Tavmjdomare konstantine gamsaxurdiam
346 gverdiani daskvna parlaments warudgina. parlamentma kenWisy-
riT miiRo gadawyvetileba `daskvniTi dokumentis~ prokuratur-
isaTvis gadacemis Taobaze prezidentis gardacvalebis mizezebis
xelaxali gamoZiebis mizniT. daiwyeba Tu ara obieqturi gamoZieba
saakaSvilis prokuraturaSi, Zneli saTqmelia. didi imedebi, al-
baT, arc unda gvqondes, magram vimedovnebT, rom `daskvniTi
dokumenti~ aucileblad iqceva romelime xelisuflebis samar-
Talwarmoebis saqmed.
da bolos, samwuxarod Cveni SiSi e. SevardnaZis dakiTxva-ar-
dakiTxvasTan dakavSirebiT gamarTlda, saparlamento `daskvnaSi~
ar aris moTxovnili mTavari saxelmwifo damnaSavis da prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis damkveTis e. SevardnaZis dakiTxva,
rac yovlad gaumarTlebel da gaugebar qmedebad migvaCnia. komi-
siis wevrebis axsna, SevardnaZis `dakiTxvis~, viTomcda asakTan
SeuTavsebadobis Sesaxeb, demagogiuri mieT-moeTi da arasamarT-
lebrivi argumentia.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebu-
li saparlamento komisiis daskvna ver iqneba raime faseulobebis
Semcveli (verc istoriuli da verc samarTlebrivi) Tu masSi ar
ideba prezidentis mkvlelobis SemkveTi saxelmwifo damnaSavis e.
SevardnaZisa da mkvlelobis mTavari TviTmxilveli mowmis baton
besarion guguSvilis dakiTxvis oqmebi.
gamovTqvamT imeds, rom daskvna ar iqneba surogati, aramed, sa-
parlamento komisiis Tavmjdomare batoni konstantine gamsaxur-
dia, qarTvel ers da progresul saerTaSoriso sazogadoebasac
warudgens srulyofil da seriozuli mtkicebulebebiT gajere-
bul (drois faqtori, aw ukve amis SesaZleblobas qmnis) daskvnas
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsax-
urdias mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT, riTac batoni konstantine
erTob amaRldeba madlieri qarTveli eris TvalSi da saTanado
pativsac daimsaxurebs.
aseve aucileblad migvaCnia prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
qvrivis q-n manana arCvaZeis dakiTxva, rac prokuraturis mxri-
dan unda gaxorcieldes.
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, 2011 wlis aprili, №28.
635
postebi FACEBOOK-idan vaxtang begiaSvili da sxva
dRes e.w. uflebaTdamcveli nana kakabaZe, Turme uaryofs

raime oficialur TanamSromlobas jaba ioselianTan. 1992 wlis
24 seqtembers me da valeria novodvorskaia jaba ioselianisa
da kitovanis xuntam dagvapatimra Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-
sitetis ezoSi proklamaciebis gavrcelebisa da xuntis arCev-
nebis boikotirebis mowodebebis gamo studentebisa da profe-
sor-maswavleblebis Tvalwin. Cven fizikuri ZaladobiT Cagvyares
manqanaSi da migviyvanes vakis raionis miliciaSi, sadac dilamde
gvamyofes. dilas ki migvgvares jaba ioselianTan imelis Senoba-
Si. jaba ioselianis kabineti gadavsebuli iyo mxedrionelebiT,
Cemi universitetis nacnobebidan maT Soris imyofebodnen Ten-
giz SarmanaSvili da vaxtang begiaSvil-begizovi (jabas moadg-
ile), romelic mis ZmasTan erTad mogvianebiT msxvili biznesmeni
gaxda (lamis naxevari Tbilisis saxelmwifo Senobebis, maT Soris
gamomcemloba „samSoblos“ mflobeli) da romelsac saakaSvilma
dauyadaRa ukanonod miTvisebuli Senobebi da ZmasTan erTad ev-
ropaSi iyo gaxiznuli.
„devnil-Seviwroebuli“ Zmebi begiaSvilebi ivaniSvilis parla-
mentma „devnili biznesmenebis“ statusiT daabruna saqarTveloSi
da daubrunes warTmeuli qonebac, anu „aRudgines samarTlianoba“.
ìmelis~ rezidenciaSi ki jabasa da begiaSvil-begizovis Tav-
zexelaRebuli „mxedrionelebi“ agresias gamoxatavdnen Cems
mimarT erovnuli xelisuflebis mier borjomidan (maTi TqmiT)
osebis gasaxlebis gamo (maTi TqmiT, jabas bebiac osi iyo) da es
Cemze dageSili biWebic, uTuod Tbiliseli osebi unda yofili-
yvnen, romlebic ase iZiebdnen Surs Cemze osebis daCagvris gamo...
jaba ioselianTan miyvanil tusaRebs, iq dagxvda, agreTve nana
kakabaZe yavis safqvaviT xelSi, romelsac energiulad da TviT-
kmayofili abrunebda. nana kakabaZes disidentobis wlebidan vic-
nobdi da jabasTan myofs amgvarad mivesalme: „oh, nana, gilocav
jabasTan yavis mfqvelis Tanamdebobas“-meTqi. Cemma ironiam nana
gaamwara, mamakacebma ki Semiswores, mdivaniao. „icnobo?“ Came-
636
kiTxa jaba nana kakabaZeze. „erT dros megona TanamebrZolebi vi-
yaviT“-meTqi... vupasuxe.
im dRidan, universitetSi Cemi yofnis 18-wliani periodi das-
rulda; meore dRes, samsaxurSi misuls, Cemi samsaxuris oTaxis
kari xis ficrebiT jvaredinad aWedili damxvda, xolo TanamSrom-
lebi gverdiT oTaxSi gadaeyvanaT.
davrCi umuSevari!
Leila Tsomaia
2012 wlis 6 dekemberi, xuTSabaTi
biZina ivaniSvilis parlamentma(eka beselia), biznesmen Zmebs
daviT da vaxtang begiaSvilebs politdevnilis statusi mianiWa.
Zmeb daviT da vaxtang begiaSvilebs is soliduri qoneba, 90-ian
wlebSi, swored simbolur fasad aqvT miTvisebul-mitacebuli im
„damsaxurebebisaTvis“, roca isini iaraRiT xelSi ebrZodnen da-
moukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxur-
dias erovnul mTavrobas. vaxtang begiaSvili erTerTi iyo im Sei-
araRebuli xuntistebidan (jaba ioselianis modgile gaxldaT),
romlebic 6 ianvars SeiWrnen mTavrobis sasaxleSi, daarbies da
Signidanac gadawves sasaxle, xolo uzenaesi sabWos deputatebi
daapatimres da Rirsebis Semlaxveli qmedebiT gamoiyvanes sasaxli-
dan. Zmebi begiaSvilebi aqtiur monawileobas iRebdnen xuntisturi
xelisuflebis mier Semdgom warmoebul erovnuli xelisuflebis
momxreTa represiebSi, erovnuli moZraobis mimarT. vaxtang begi-
aSvili gaxldaT Tsu komkavSiris komitetis mdivani, SemdegSi „mx-
edrioneli~ da e.w. saxelmwifo sabWoSi jaba ioselianis moadgile
da xuntis parlamentis wevri. xolo, irakli oqruaSvilis opozi-
ciaSi gadasvlisa da politikur liderad gaaqtiurebisTanave, igi
mis partiaSic gawevrianda da mis administraciis ufrosad iqca.
Tu ar iqna gamokvleul-gamoZiebuli, SevardnaZis periodis
saqarTveloSi, rogor aRmocendnen da gaCdnen Ratakebi da mdi-
dar-milionerebi maSin, arc ivaniSvilis xelisuflebas eqneba
ufleba ganacxados, rom igi aris saxalxo xelisufleba da misi
mizania aRadginos samarTlianoba da kanoni!
2009 wlis 26 marts vaxtang begiaSvilma „sazogadoebriv~ dar-
bazSi~ Caatara brifingi imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom wina RamiT,
637
TiTqos mas saxlis sadarbazosTan Tavs daesxa 14-mde piri, rom-
lebmac dauwyes cema, moxrCoba da muqara, Tumca mas ar warmoud-
genia aranairi mtkicebuleba Tavdasxmis damadasturebuli, aramed
garegnuladac sruliad saR-salamaTad gamoiyureboda.
es brifingi mis mier gamoyenebul iqna mTavar motivad, raTa
politdevnilis statusiT emigrirebuli yofiliyo SveicariaSi,
sadac igi dRemde imyofeba Tavis biznesmen ZmasTan erTad. mxe-
drioneli Zmebi begiaSvilebi, romlebmac yaCaRobis gziT miiT-
vises saxalxo qoneba, aucileblad unda dabrundnen saqarTve-
loSi, xolo maTi qonebis samarTliani kuTvnilebis sakiTxi ki
gamoZiebul-gamokvleul iqnas!
ixileT brifingis linki : http://1tv.ge/news-view/3116?lang=en
Leila Tsomaia
2014 wlis 1 aprili ·
daviT da vaxtang begiaSvilebi, swored „mxedrionelobiT“ gaxd-
nen, lamis naxevari Tbilisis mflobelebi; mitacebuli saxelmwifo
qonebis dakanonebis xrikiT „biznesmenebi“ dairqves da rodesac
maTi qoneba daayadaRes, Zmebma SveicariaSi mohkurcxles da iqe-
dan daiwyes qonebis dabrunebisTvis brZola. „saakaSvilis mTavro-
ba bizness ayaCaRebso“ , am gancxadebebiT da mtkicebulebebiT, be-
giaSvilebma „devnilis“ statusi maleve miiRes.
ivaniSvilis parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitetis
Tavmjdomare eka beseliam, „devnil-Seviwroebul“ biznesmen Zmebs,
„samarTlianoba aRudgina“ da mTavrobamac, dayadaRebuli qoneba
daubruna. emigraciidan dabrunebulma yaCaRma begiaSvilebma „ku-
Tvnil“ SenobebSi (gamomcemloba „samSoblo“, maRazia „albatrosi“
da sxv.) evro-remonti gaaCaRes.
merab kostavas quCaze mdebare gamomcemloba „samSoblos“ xuT-
sarTulian grandiozul SenobaSi, romelSic gazeTebis redaqcie-
bi, stamba da JurnalistTa saxli funqcionirebda, begiaSvileb-
ma, kazinoebi, sastumroebi da tansacmlebis maRazia gaxsnes. Se-
nobas profili Tumca Seucvales, magram erT-erTi saxelwodeba,
„stamba“, dautoves, rac anaqronul gamocanad iqca... WoveliZis
quCis mxridan ki, trotuaric daisakuTres da sadReRamiso avto-
manqanebis fasiani sadgomic moawyves. Senobis kedelze, 1989 wlis,
638
Tamrikos WoveliZis Sindisferi memorialis aRdgena ki ainunSic
ar mosdiT; milioner biznesmen Zmebs, 500 laric ar emetebaT, rom
maTi xelisuflebianobis Sav-bnel xanaSi, memorialidan moparuli
spilenZis 16 mercxlis skulpturebi mainc aRadginon.
WavWavaZis gamzirze mde-
bare „albatrosi“c, saqarT-
velos mezRvaurebis maRazia
iyo. TevzsaWer trailerebze
momuSave mamaci mezRvaurebi,
romlebic eqvsi-eqvsi Tve So-
reul okeaneSi curavdnen da
ucxour valutaSi maRali
fotoze: daviT maRraZe, mirian
xelfasebi hqondaT, Camodio-
yaraulaSvili, vaxtang begiaSvili...
dnen TbilisSi da am maRazia-
Si iZendnen ojaxisTvis sasurvel tansacmelsa Tu fexsacmels. es
maRaziac, raRac maqmanebiT, am begiaSvilebma daisakuTres.
didi Rvwis Sedegad aRmo-
vaCine am „istoriuli“ fotos
meore da ufro sruli kadri,
romelidanac pirsavse bedn-
ieri RimiliT Semogvcqeris
nana kakabaZe da mxedrio-
nelebis momRerali maia
kvirkvelia, xolo aseve bed-
nierad sxedan vaxtang begiaS-
vil-begizovi da jaba iose-
liani.
leila comaia
2014 weli.
639
nakvesi
zustad maxsovs 1984 weli iyo da mweralTa kavSirSi raRac

sajaro RonisZiebaze viyavi misuli. nodar dumbaZe da ramdenime
cnobili mwerali, Cemi misvlis Jams jer kidev Senobis win idgnen.
baton nodars uamuri mzeriT Sevxede, razec ukmayofilod gadau-
laparaka TanmxlebT, „mgoni am axalgazrda mwerals ar movwonva-
ro“. ar vici Cemi imwuTieri mzeriT daaskvna es, Tu „litsaqarT-
velosa“ da „mnaTobSi“ mitanili Cemi kritikuli werilis mixedviT,
mis leninis premiaminiWebul „maradisobis kanonze“, romelic ar
damibeWdes, magram gazeTebis redaqciebSi kritikuli statiebis
mitanis faqti sityvierad vrceldeboda xolme mweralTa wreSi.
polemikas Cems arqivSi vinaxav dRemde. batoni nodari swored im
wels, ramdenime TveSi gardaicvala kidec... RmerTma acxonos!
Rirseuli saqarTvelo sabWoTa mwerlebma ki ara, aramed swored
antisabWoTa mwerlebma (SemoqmedTa inteligenciam) da antisabWo-
Ta disidentebma moitanes, romlis didi nawili imsxverpla wiTel-
ma terorma. niWieri da kargi mwerali miwyiv, arasodes yofila
mamuliSvilobasa da erismamobasTan gaigivebuli da es samwuxaro
realoba unda vaRiaroT!
nodar dumbaZis saxelTan dakavSirebiT erT istoriasac gavix-
seneb; 1980 wels, rodesac batoni nodari moskovSi „maradisobis
kanonis“ romanisaTvis leninis ordeniT daajildoves, saqarTve-
loSi progresulad moazrovne nawili, arc-Tu didi aRmafreniT
Sexvda am faqts. mogexsenebaT, es is periodia, rodesac zviad gam-
saxurdiasa da merab kostavas disidenturi brZola ukve sakmaod
did gavlenas axdens sazogadoebriv azrze da komunistur-aTeis-
tur ideologias ukve sakmao bzari aqvs gaCenili. Cemi uaryofiTi
azris gamosaxatad mweralTa kavSirSi Seviare. biblioTekidan me-
smis jansuR Carkvianis xma. amaze ukeTes tribunas verc vinatrebdi
da biblioTekisken gaveSure. jansuRi, imxanad, mweralTa kavSiris
mdivani iyo da biblioTekaSi Sinaurulad Sekrebil ramdenime
mwerals Cveuli eqstaziT arwmunebda, rom mavanni SuriT gaskd-
nen, rom TviT ver daimsaxures es jildo (mogexsenebaT, sabWoTa
640
realobaSi leninis premia nobelis premiasTan iyo gaigivebuli)
da verki acnobiereben Tu ras niSnavs es movlena saqarTvelosT-
vis, rom qarTvelma da saqarTvelom moipova amxela jildo (xelebi
rac SeiZleba farTod gaSala) – leninis premiao.
me biblioTekis siRrmidan susti xmiT Sevbede jansuRs: swored
amis mrcxvenia, batono jansuR, rom im satana leninis premia, ra-
tomRac qarTvelebs da saqarTvelos gvergo 14 mokavSire respub-
likebidan-meTqi!
civwyalgadasxmuli jansuRi sityva „satanam“ gaaogna, igi xom
aTeisti da „religia bangi da opiumia“s ideologiaze iyo aRz-
rdili da „satanaaooo...~? gamoSterda. sanam gons moegebodnen,
davtove biblioTeka da ramdenime weli, aRarc Sevsulvar mwer-
alTa SenobaSi...
leila comaia
2016 weli.
641
prezident zviad gamsaxurdiaze
filmis gadaRebis gamo...
erT dRes mobilurze damireka cnobilma mweralma da uzenae-

si sabWos deputatma batonma guram petriaSvilma da mamcno, rom
axalgazrda reJisori giorgi ovaSvili, Turme filmis gadaRebas
apirebs zviad gamsaxurdiaze da iqneb, Tqven, rogorc erovnuli
gazeTis redaqtorma daurekoT da sTxovoT gagacnoT scenari an
sulac interviu aiRoT misgano. Tavad baton gurams es metad sa-
gulisxmo informacia fineTSi moRvawe qarTveli kino-reJisoris
qalbaton liana eliavasagan mousmenia, romelic xSirad Camodis
xolme saqarTveloSi.
ovaSvilis mobiluri telefonis nomris dadgenaSi erToblivad
damexmarnen qalbatoni liana da batoni guramic. telefoniT
urTierTgacnobisas, ovaSvils vTxove gaecno CemTvis scenari da
gveTanamSromla am metad sapasuxismgeblo filmTan dakavSirebiT.
SevTavaze ufaso konsultaciebi, magram ovaSvilma miTxra, rom
es ar aris dokumenturi filmi, aramed zviadi Cems filmSi frag-
mentulad iqneba CarTuli, ZiriTadad ki misi periodis mRelva-
re saqarTvelo aisaxeba da valdebulad ar Tvlis Tavs gamacnos
scenari, es Cemi Tavisuflebis SezRudvaao. ovaSvilma uari miTxra
Cveni gazeTisTvis intervius mocemazec!
sxva gazeTebSi micemuli interviuebidan ki vgebulobT, rom ov-
aSvilis filmi, romlis 20%-ian dafinansebazec uari uTxra ivaniS-
vil-RaribaSvilis mTavrobam da mTlianad ucxoeTis dafinansebiT
unda gadaiRon saxelwodebiT „xibula“, prezidentis ukanaskneli
cxovrebis 50 dRes asaxavs samegreloSi mkvlelobis aqtamde da
aramc da aramc ar Seexeba prezidentis mkvlelobis tabudadebul
sakiTxs. filmSi prezidentis saxelic ki „zviadi“ ar ixsenieba...
amTaviTve SeiZleba dabejiTebiT iTqvas, rom giorgi ovaSvilis
filmSi namdvilad ar iqneba asaxuli sayovelTao-saxalxo kenWisy-
riT (TviT afxazeTis avtonomiisa da cxinvalis regionis) 87%-iT
arCeuli damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis Sei-
araRebuli gadatrialebiT damxoba, erovnuli xelisuflebis
642
gandevna saqarTvlodan, arcTu prezidentis mkvlelobis Sesax-
eb kadrebi, an Tundac mwiri informacia mainc. maqvs didi eWvi,
rom filmi iqneba oTar ioselianis filmis analogi 90-iani wlebis
erovnul moZraobaze, sadac fragmentulad gaelvebulia zviadi da
merabi, xolo erovnuli moZraoba warmodgenilia egzaltirebuli,
pirdaRebuli da keviReWia xalxiT...
axalgazrda reJisoris giorgi ovaSvilis scenariT, Tavis mxriv
aseve dainteresdnen batoni guram petriaSvili da kino-dokumen-
talisti qalbatoni liana eliavac, magram ovaSvilma maTac uari
uTxra scenaris gacnobaze!
liana eliavas 10 welia gadaRebuli aqvs filmi erovnul moZ-
raobaze, magram arcerTma mTavrobam ar daufinansa igi da dRemde
ver xerxdeba misi Cveneba farTo ekranze. me kinos saxlSi, viwro
wreSi maqvs nanaxi misi filmi, Tu ar vcdebi 2005 wels, sadac 90-ani
wlebis erovnuli moZraoba warmodgenilia Tavisi sidiadiT. qal-
batoni liana sami weli exveweboda saakaSvils, raTa prezidents
sakuTari fondidan an maSindel kulturis saministros daefi-
nansebia misi filmi, magram profesionali kino-dokumentalistis
qalbaton liana eliavas Txovna ar iqna dakmayofilebuli, arcTu
ivaniSvil-RaribaSvilis xelisuflebis mxridan!
leila comaia
2015 wlis 31 marti,
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №44, gv. 13, 2015 w.
giorgi ovaSvilis filmis „xibula“ siuJetebi „rusTavi 2“-ze

(http://rustavi2.com/ka/video/17128?v=2)
kviris sainformacio gadacema postkriptumiT `rusTavi 2~-
ze gavida siuJeti giorgi ovaSvilis filmisa `xibula~ am filmis
gadaRebis gacxadebasTan dakavSirebiT patara statia gamovaqveyne
Cems gazeTSi 2015 wels (ix.gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №44, gv.
13). filmis srulyofili Cveneba daanonsda 2017 wlisTvis. manamde,
cxadia srulad verafers vityviT filmze, garda erTi gamokveTi-
li Strixisa, rom filmSi damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidenti warmodgenilia sulierad da fizikurad gatexili, SeS-
inebul-damarcxebuli antigmiri, WuWyiani frCxilebiT da Selaxuli
samosiT, ris dasturadac „rusTavi 2“-ma films daurTo prezidentis
643
e.w. bunkeris kadri, sadac zviadis gamometyvelebaSi asaxulia SeZr-
wuneba samxedro gadatrialebisa da ZmaTamkvleli omis dawyebiT...
rac Seexeba prezidentis samegreloSi dabrunebis 50-dRian peri-
ods, Cvens mier gadaRebul filmis („zviadis golgoTa“) siuJeteb-
Si yvela TviTmxilveli mowme da TanamebrZoli adasturebs, rom
prezidenti gamsaxurdia mTeli devnilobis ganmavlobaSi iyo mxned
da tye-RreSic ki gawkrialebul kostumSi (TeTri perangiT, gapar-
suli) dadioda.
gasagebia, rom ovaSvilis namuSevari
saerTaSoriso festivalebze gasamar-
jveblad gadaRebuli mxatvruli fil-
mia, xolo Cveni ki, dokumenturi. Cve-
ni filmis – saxelwodebiT „zviadis
golgoTa“ – dasruleba da montaJi,
samwuxarod dRemde veradaver xerx-
deba daufinanseblobis gamo...
mousminoT giorgi ovaSvils: ès istoria universaluria da
aqvs potenciali, rom ganzogaddes. es aris SemTxveva, roca xalxi
irCevs liders da Semdeg TviTonve anadgurebs Tavis rCeuls. fil-
mi, pirvel rigSi, iqneba adamianis sulier mogzaurobaze Sinagan
samyaroSi, im fonze, rogorc mas mouwia cxovrebis bolo dReebis
gatareba, rogorc Zalauflebadakargul xelisufals. es ar aris
istoriuli faqtebis Tu movlenebis ilustrireba. viciT, es Sei-
Zleba sadavo gaxdes qarTveli mayureblisTvis, magram Cven mxat-
vrul films vakeTebT da ara dokumenturs. amitom Cveni amocana
ar aris imis kvleva, Tu ra moxda sinamdvileSi, rogor daasrula
sicocxle zviad gamsaxurdiam, vin iyo marTali da vin mtyuani.”
amadac, xalxis rCeul liders, ovaSvilis scenaris mixedviT,
Tavad xalxive anadgurebs da ara imperiebis Tu super-saxelmwi-
foebis istebliSmenti, romlebsac aRizianebT da sZulT Tavisu-
flebisTvis mebrZoli gmirebi.
2012 wels film „xibulas“ scenarma gaimarjva kanis saerTaSo-
riso kinofestivalze, reJisoris TqmiT, am istoriaSi ar iqnebian
prezidentis ojaxis wevrebi. es aris istoria, rodesac preziden-
ti imyofeboda Tavis garemocvasTan erTad, romelSic Sedis pre-
mier-ministri da dacvis wevrebi. reJisori, zviad gamsaxurdias
ojaxsac Sexvedria da usaubria masTan. reJisoris TqmiT, Tu Cven
644
filmSi davsvamT kiTxvas, Tu vin da ratom mokla prezidenti gam-
saxurdia da am mimarTulebiT vivliT, maSin es niSnavs, rom Cven
CavrCiT droSi da win ver wavalT.
diax, ase! ovaSvilis warmodgeniT „winsvla“ SesaZlebelia is-
toriis amotrialebiT an gamrudebiT, saxelmwifoebrivi damou-
kideblobis da TavisuflebisTvis mebrZoli gmirebis damarcxebul
– antigmirebad warmoCeniT, raTa ki ar aRgafrTovanon, aramed
dramam mxolod sibraluli aRZras mayurebelSi. amadac, parlamen-
tis grZeli derefnis kadrSi prezidenti Cndeba daCaCanakebuli,
romelic Sindisfer xaliCaze ixdis Zvel, SemorRveul talaxian
„batinkebs“ da SiSveli fexebiT mtkivneulad gaivlis damxvdurebs
Soris, romlebic mas gamamxnevebeli taSiT xvdebian, magram prezi-
dents afrTxobs taSic...
sawyis mdgomareobaSi dabrunebiT, Zalauflebadakarguli uma-
Rlesi xelisufali, TviTgamorkvevis da gadafasebis mtkivneul
gzas gadis...
aseTia reJisoris Canafiqri!
prezidentis rolis ucxoel Semsrulebelze ki erTs vityvi mx-
olod: igi zviadis sruli antipodia!
ar SemiZlia oriod sityviT, `postkriptumis~ wamyvani Jurnal-
istis yurismomWrel da royio naTqvamzec ar gavamaxvilo yur-
adReba, rodesac igi ambobs, rom „es aris parlamentis bunkeri
sadac „imalebodao“ zviadi. Jurnalists unda moexsenebodes, rom
saomar viTarebebSi, TviT mosaxleobis evakuaciac ki xdeba Sedare-
biT usafrTxo Tavdacvis adgilebSi da prezidentis – miTumetes!
prezidentis sacavSi („bunkerSi~) Casvla ar niSnavs damalvas,
aramed, qveynis saxelmwifo usafrTxoebis aucilebel pirobas da
moTxovnas warmoadgens!
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №50, 2016
645
kidev erTxel mxatvrul film „xibulas“ gamo...
2017 wlis 21 noembers, saxelmwifo filarmoniis kinoTeatr „ami-

ranSi“, 20 saaTze gaimarTa kinoreJisor giorgi ovaSvilis film „xib-
ulas“ pirveli Cveneba, romelzedac sagangebo mosawvevebiT miwveul-
ni iyvnen samTavrobo gundi kulturis sferodan, kinosa da Teatris
warmomadgenlebi, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ojaxi (Svilebi
cotne da koko), miwveuli viyaviT mec da nugzar mgalobliSvili,
rogorc zviadis TanamebrZolebi. kinoTeatris darbazi savse iyo
miwveuli mayureblebiT. saprezentacio oficialuri gamomsvlelebis
Semdgom daiwyo filmis Cveneba, romelic 23 noembridan gavida saqa-
rTvelos kino-ekranebze. filmi-drama prezident zviad gamsaxurdi-
aze, kanis kinofestivalze warsadgenad gaTvaliswinebuli filmia,
magram veWvob, rom man gamarjveba an raime aRiareba moipovos.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ucxoeli prototipi, tanmorCi-
li msaxiobi iraneli hosein mahjubia. mahjubis gmirs filmis daw-
yebidan saxeze da TvalebSic aRbeWdili aqvs mZime dramatuli
gancda, romelic damRad mihyveba mas filmis kulminaciur dasas-
rulamde, steCkinis pistoletis safeTqelze midebiT rom eTamaSe-
ba sikvdils. Tumca, filmi sruldeba warweriT, rom dRemde aravin
icis, mokles Tu Tavi moikla prezidentma.
samegrelos mTianeTSi, TeTri vetmfreniT Cafrenili filmis
gmiri prezidenti, fexebiT umal efloba talaxSi, romlidanac
mZimed amodis da mZimedve gaagrZelebs gzas zamTris nislsa da
WirxlSi. niSandoblivia, rom filmis es siuJeti asaxulia mosawvevi
baraTis satitulo gverdze. mas gza da gza uerTdeba avtomatiani
mcire jgufi. isini, mdevrebis gamoisobiT drodadro monacvleo-
ben tyeebsa da soflebSi, Tumca aSkaraa, rom gza arsaiTaa, anu
yvelgan sikvdilis gzaa.
filmis gadaReba, rogorc batonma ovaSvilma gvauwya, finans-
urad da ideologiuradac mxardaWerilia kulturis ministr mix-
eil giorgaZis mxridan, romelic Tavmomwone sityviTac gamovida
prezentaciaze da ganacxada: filmis gmiri ar unda gavaigivoT
zviad gamsaxurdiasTan, magram arc unda davaSoroT maso.
kinoreJisorma ovaSvilma, aSkarad ver gaarTva Tavi filmis
gmiris fenomens, verc ideur-politikur nawilSi da verc, rogorc
mamuliSvilisas. man prototipic ki ver SearCia raimeTi mimsgavse-
bulic. saaTnaxevrian filmSi ar monawileobs cnobili an met-na-
646
klebad cnobili arcerTi msaxiobi. metismetad kninobiT rolSia
warmodgenili premier-ministr besarion guguSvilis gmiri(-antig-
miri) saxasiaTo didi saTvaliT da zamTris tyeSi TiTqmis titve-
li, romlis qcevebi amazrzen STabeWdilebas tovebs... xelovnuria
fragmentuli epizodi rusi samxedro emisrebisa prezident zviad
gamsaxurdiasadmi wayenebuli ultimatumiT, datovos saqarTvelos
teritoria...
xibula, ovaSviliseuli gaazrebiT, prezidentis pirovnuli
marcxisa da uimedobis epopeaa, romelic TviTmkvlelobis bunebriv
dasasrulamde midis, TviTkritikiT: „ramdenjer unda gaviqce“...
Cveneuli aRqma:
vidre xibulas kidev erT istoriuli Ralatis furcels Sevex-
ebiT, oriod sityviT, Tavad zviadis arqe-tipis warmoCena dagvWir-
deba usaTuod; zviadi Tavis cnobil leqciur wignSi „saqarTvelos
sulieri misia“, promeTes miTis ganxilvisas ambobs: „azrovnebis
evoluciaSi aris is etapi, rodesac azrovneba miejaWveba adamian-
is fizikur sxeuls... da aris datyvevebuli am fizikur sxeulSio“.
tyveobis mdgomareoba ki, mogexsenebaT, aris adamianis ara nebelo-
biTi, aramed Zaladobrivi mdgomareoba, risgan gaTavisuflebisak-
en iswrafvis yoveli jansaRi adamianis azrovneba da guli.
promeTes miTi, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom personificirebulia
zviadis fenomenTanac; promeTe, mogexsenebaT aris mkvidri kavka-
siis modgmisa, romelic qedze ZaladobiT miajaWva Semdgommosu-
li rasis warmomadgenelma zevsma...
dekember-ianvris samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebiT samS-
oblodan gandevnilma prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam ar ineba
kavkasiis geografiuli arealidan, misi sazRvrebidan gasvla, ufro
Soreul, romelime evropul an dasavlur qveyanaSi, sadac ufro
garantirebuli iqneboda misi sicocxlis usafrTxoeba. zviadma,
rogorc mebrZolma gmirma (promeTem) ganagrZo brZola iZulebi-
Ti mdgomareobidan daxsnisa da samSobloSi dabrunebisaTvis, raTa
kvlav Sebmoda da daemarcxebina zevsi, anu im realur politikur
viTarebaSi, mosuli rusuli imperialisturi urCxuli.
zviadi, rogorc wiTeli cenzuris 70-wliani epoqis damsrule-
beli, me-20 saukunis 90-iani wlebis saqarTveloSi, verafriT See-
gueboda, saqarTvelos ZirZveli samkvidros – afxazeTis kapit-
ulanturad Cabarebas da igi TavganwirviT Caeba saqarTvelos
647
teritoriuli mTlianobisaTvis omSi, risTvisac mas, rusulma
imperialisturma Zalebma ganumzades xibula. xibulas ulmobeli
Ralatis istorias ki dRemde mwvaved imkis saqarTvelo (terito-
riebis permanentuli mcocavi aneqsiiT) da qarTveli eri .
xiluli Ralatisa da ganwirulobis pirispir mdgari zviadi
(rogorc gadmogvcemen), sakuTari mware aRsasrulis Jamsac ki ar
Seupyria umweobis tkivils da uRvTo jalaTebis winaSe igi idga
sulierad gautexeli da guliT udreki. misi erTaderTi varami,
saqarTvelos Semdgomi bedi Tu iqneboda mxolod, rasac mrume
ferebSi aCenda xibula...
xibula, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis,
zviad gamsaxurdias wamebiT mokvdinebis adgilia mxolod (rogorc
promeTesi kavkasiis qedi, magram mis mier mopovebuli cecxli aCi-
raRdnebs kacobriobs).
saqarTvelos dacemul Rirsebas ueWvelad aRadgens zviadis
ideuri memkvidre qarTveli eri;
zviadma Tavisi istoriuli misia – saqarTvelos saxelmwifoe-
brivi Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis aRasrula, rac Seuqcev-
adi procesia da razec, ager ukve 26 welze metia, myarad dgas
saxelmwifo saqarTvelo. zviadma Tavis samSoblos da qarTvel ers
moupova Tavisufleba da aRudgina damoukidebloba.
mimaCnia, rom yovelma xelovanma: mxatvarma, dramaturgma,
kinoreJisorma, moqandakem, Tu mweralma, amgvari gmiruli su-
liskveTebiT unda warmoaCinos zviadi, radgan swored es su-
liskveTeba asaxavs zviadis namdvil politikur renomes da aramc
da aramc siurrealisturi an rutinuli, rogoradac surT rom
warmoadginon igi, anu warmoadginon zviadi, rogorc damarcxebu-
li da antigmiri...
leila comaia
2017 wlis 30 noemberi.
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, #55, 2017 weli.
P. S. 2018 wlis 19 maiss, telekompania „imedis” eTerSi oliko

babluanTan miwveulma filmis reJisorma giorgi ovaSvilma ase ga-
nacxada: „zviad gamsaxurdia erma Seqmna, rogorc kerpi da roca
dainaxa, rom man Tavisi funqcia Seasrula, ermave gaanadgura me
arasodes vyofilvar gamsaxurdias momxre“o.
648
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
mkvlelobis SekveTa
1993 wlis 18 oqtombers, irina sariSvili, zviadis moZuleTa

elitis Tavyrilobaze, filarmoniis darbazSi, gamovida sityviT:
„me, rodesac guSin batoni rezo amaSukelis gamosvla movis-
mine televiziiT am SekrebasTan dakavSirebiT, unda giTxraT, rom
batono rezo, pirvelad gamaRiziana Tqvenma naTqvamma, rom xval
yvelafers Tavisi saxeli davarqvaTo. Cven weliwadnaxevaria vam-
bobT, rom yvelafers Tavisi saxeli davarqvaT da ase gadawydeba
TiTqos yvelaferi. Cven vnaxeT, rom es ase ar aris da is safrTxo-
bela, romelic weliwadze cota naklebi prezidentad iyo da mere
groznoSi gavuSviT da sxvaTaSoris, is pirebi aranakleb pasux-
ismgeblebi arian dRes, vinc is cocxali gauSva (darbazSi mquxare
taSi), mapatios RmerTma amas rom vambob da axla yvelaze iseT
dros, rodesac soxumi ecemoda da dasavleT saqarTvelos prob-
lema dgas mTlianad, es Cveni safrTxobela kvlav moiwevs Tbili-
sisken... aseTi adamiani, me imdeni Seuracxyofebi maqvs mis mimarT
naTqvami, rom ar minda axla taSis dakvris gulisTvis vixmro is
sityvebi „maniaki“, „paTologi“ da a.S. viciT yvelam visTanac gva-
qvs saqme. Cveni da yvelas, TviTeuli CvenTaganis sircxvilia, jer
is rom es adamiani prezidenti gaxda da dRes kidev miwaze dadis
da Camovida aq da kidev raRac muqarebs gzavnis... me ubralod vT-
vli, batono rezo, rom dRes, am Sexvedraze, arc sng-s kritikis
da arc sng-s qebis dro ar aris. dRes Cven aq sul sxva rameze
unda vilaparakoT (taSi). TviTon batonma eduardma dRes brZana
Tavis radio-gamosvlaSi, rom man gaakeTa gancxadeba sng-Si Sesv-
lis Taobaze, mTavroba erTsulovania am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT,
vinc uSlida xels erTsulovnebaSi is aRar aris am mTavroba-
Si (Tavis gadadgomas gulisxmobs – l.c.), amitom ruseTisTvis es
absoluturad sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom raRac davinaxoT an ar
davinaxoT, rom Cven sng-Si SesvliT an arSesvliT, raRac prob-
lemas movagvarebT. rac Seexeba zviad gamsaxurdias, me rogorc
mesmis, me ase mesmis: sanam zviad gamsaxurdias problema arsebobs
649
saqarTveloSi, arc sng-Si SesvliT, arc sng-Si SeusvlelobiT, arc
evrogaerTianebaSi SesvliT da amerikis Statadac rom migviRon,
araferi saqarTvelos ar eSveleba... neba miboZeT kategoriulad
ar daveTanxmo, saxelmwifo meTaurs, romelmac Tavis interviuSi
guSin brZana, rom „movida dro, rom zviad gamsaxurdias sakadrisi
pasuxi gaeces da mas groznoSi elodebian“. ara, batono eduard, ar
SeiZleba zviad gamsaxurdias gaSveba groznoSi (mquxare taSi).
zviad gamsaxurxdia, rogorc Tavisi eris Svili, Tundac rogorc
Tavisi eris sircxvili, unda darCes, ra Tqma unda saxecvlili
mdgomareobiT aq, saqarTveloSi da maSin unda vilaparakoT Cven
saqarTvelos gadarCenaze, madlobT!“ (mquxare taSi).
irina sariSvilis es moTxovna, sakuTari yurebiT moismina,
darbazSi mjdomma eduard SevardnaZemac, romelsac, zviad gamsax-
urdias likvidirebis sxva gegma-Canafiqri ჰqonia SemuSavebuli.
oRond, ara saqarTvelos teritoriaze, aramed CeCneTis. uTuod
amaze mianiSnebs sariSvilis mier citirebuli SevardnaZis gamosv-
lis teqsti: „movida dro, rom zviad gamsaxurdias sakadrisi
pasuxi gaeces da mas groznoSi elodebian“. sariSvils ki eCqa-
reba, rac SeiZleba swrafad naxos zviadi „saxecvlil mdgomareo-
baSi“ (mokluli), vinZlo groznoSi ver moxerxdes es. aki, erTxel
scades, SevardnaZis specsamsaxurebma, zviadis groznos reziden-
ciaSi SeRweva, magram SemCneul da mogeriebul iqnen CeCeni spe-
crazmelebis mier.
1993 wlis 18 oqtombers, filarmoniaSi Sekrebis zemomotani-
li video-Canaweri, internetSi, 2016 wlis oqtombris dasawyis-
Si gavrcelda, rasac male sariSvilis vrceli „monaniebis“teqs-
ti moჰyva Tavis facebook-is gverdze: „umZimesi sanaxavia CemTvis.
imdenad mZime rom es dReebi paralizebuli var... am gamosvlamde
ramdenime dRiT adre gadavdeqi vice–premierobidan SevardnaZis
mier dsT–Tan mierTebis gadawyvetilebis protestis niSnad... sx-
vebze metad me TviTon var SeZrwunebuli da arc vici rogor, ra
sityvebiT gamovxato Cemi sinanuli. amas Tavis gasamarTleblad
ar vambob – Cem sityvebs aranairi gamarTleba ara aqvs – amas vam-
bob mxolod imitom rom exla mainc mivxvdeT rom ase gagrZeleba
aRar SeiZleba... es ar maxsovda da aman Cemze ise imoqmeda rom
warmomidgenia sxvas ra mouvidoda, gansakuTrebiT zviadis momxre
Cems megobrebs, vinc dRes Tanamoazreebi varT dRevandel situa-
650
ciaSi...“ (elizbar javeliZes, anzor abralavas, zaza daviTaias da
a. S. gulisxmobs).
am fariseveli politikanis, irina sariSvilis, sng-Si (dsT) Ses-
vlis gamo postidan gadadgoma, misi meuRlis, gia Wanturias Zal-
datanebiT moxda da ara, sakuTari mrwamsiT; drom naTlad gamoav-
lina misi realuri saxec da politikuri orientaciac, ris gamoc
igi edp-dan garicxes. gia Wanturias veraguli mkvlelobac, igor
giorgaZesTan, misi moRalaturi mokavSireobiT gaxorcielda.
ramdenjerac unda imarTlos Tavi irina sariSvilma, faqtia rom,
e. SevardnaZis mxridan, misi Segoneba-rekomendacia, zviad gamsaxur-
dias saqarTvelodan cocxlad ar gaSvebis Taobaze, Sesmenil iqna!
igor giorgaZem, gia guluam, avTandil ioselianma, jaba iose-
lianma, gia Wanturiam... samegrelos tyeebSi daiwyes „nadiroba“
zviadze da sabolood, sofel xibulaSi, xafangSi moaqcies igi.
SeiaraRebuli mdevrebi, maTi samizne prezidentisagan, TandaTano-
biT axdendnen mTavrobisa da dacvis wevrebis Camocilebas. sab-
olood maT, devnili prezidentis garemocva, sam kacamde (besari-
on guguSvili, robinzon margvelani, baCuki gvancelaZe) daiyvanes.
tyvia ki, afxazeTis uSiSroebaSi gamowvrTnil qilers, gia mxe-
iZes asrolines. Zalze didi dagvianebiT (2007 wels) Catarebul
rostovis eqspertizis daskvnaSi vkiTxulobT: „tyviis moZraobis
mimarTulebaa marjvnidan marcxniv, ramdenadme zemodan qvemoT,
ramdenadme winidan ukan, razec miuTiTebs Semavali da gamomava-
la xvrelebi. aqedan gamomdinare SeiZleba iTqvas, rom avtomaturi
pistoletis „steC- kinis” (romlis wona damuxtul mdgomareobaSi
1420 gramia), xelSi daWera TviTmkvlelobis mizniT, luliT, 100–
200 milimetris manZilze da ise, rom tyviis mimarTuleba iyos mar-
jvnidan marcxniv, ramdenadme zemodan qvemoT, ramdenadme winidan
ukan, fizikurad SeuZlebelia”. rostovis saeqsperto daskvnaSi
vkiTxulobT, agreTeve gardacvlilis Zvlebis mravali motexilo-
bis Sesaxeb. rac badebs gonivrul eWvs, rom datyvevebul prezi-
dents, specsamsaxuris TanamSromlebi, jer fizikurad gausword-
nen da Semdgom mokles.
SevardnaZis xuntisturma xelisuflebam ki, 1994 wlis 5 ian-
vars, gaavrcela oficialuri informacia, prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias TviTmkvlelobis Sesaxeb misi garemocvis informaciaze
dayrdnobiT.
651
sazRvargareT emigrirebuli prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
garemocva – besarion guguSvili, robinzon margvelani, baCuki
gvancelaZe – dRemde mtkiced adastureben zviadis „TviTmkvl-
elobis“ faqts. didi albaTobiT, zviadis, saboloo – samkaciani
garemocva, sandoobis maRali xarisxiT iqna SerCeuli SevardnaZis
specsamsaxurebis mier!
eqimma daviT jalaRoniam, romelmac balzamireba gaukeTa
prezidentis cxedars, samive garemocvis winaSe profesiulad ga-
nacxada, rom Wrilobebi (ori Wriloba) TviTmkvlelobis STabe-
Wdilebas ar tovebda, razec premierma guguSvilma ukmexad upa-
suxa, rom es misi saqme ar aris!
niSandoblivia, rom prezidentis mkvlelobis saqmesTan dakaS-
virebuli TiTqmis yvela adamiani saeWvod daiRupnen: ludmila
lurwkaia, arsen mesxia, jonson kvaracxelia, Tavad eqimi daviT
jalaRoniac...
1994 wlis 23 Tebervals, SevardnaZis xuntisturi reJimis mier
likvidirebuli da sikvdilSic devnili damoukidebeli saqarT-
velos pirveli prezidenti, CeCneTis damoukidebeli respublik-
is pirvelma prezidentma joxar dudaevma, samxedro pativiT da-
krZala groznoSi. dudaevma, TariRi – 23 Tebervali, sagangebod
daamTxvia kavkasiis TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZol saqarTvelos
pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias dakrZalvas vainaxi (Ce-
Ceni da inguSi) xalxis, ruseTis mier, kavkasiidan deportaciis
50 wlisTavs. gamosaTxovar sityvaSi joxar dudaevma, prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias gardacvalebasTan dakavSirebiT Tqva, rom „igi
nebayoflobiT wavida amqveynieri cxovrebidan“o, rac TviTmkvl-
elobis oficialuri versiis perifrazi gaxldaT. gardacvlil
saqarTvelos prezidents ki, arc saqarTveloSi da arc CeCneTSi
Catarebia eqspertiza. dudaevi, ubralod daeyrdno besarion gu-
guSvilis informacias da ar ჰqonda dro kritikulad misdgomoda
misi gardacvalebis garemoebebs.
saqarTvelos prezidentis dakrZalvas groznoSi 2 aTasamde Ca-
suli qarTveli daeswro, miuxedavad imisa, rom SevardnaZis xuntam
yvela Rones mimarTa, raTa daebrkolebina wamsvlelebi; dedaqa-
laqSi, mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi gaTiSuli iyo eleqtro-energia,
wyali, gazis miwodeba, aeroportamde ar moZraobda avtobusebi
da eklesiebSic ki, im xnis ganmavlobaSi maqsimalurad SezRudes
652
sanTlebis gayidva, sulze, mxolod, TiTo sanTels iZleodnen me-
sanTleebi. mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi davrbodiT eklesiebSi, raTa
saWiro raodenobis sanTlebi Segvegrovebina groznoSi wasaRebad.
Zalian mimZims amis Tqma, magram qarTvelma erma unda icodes ekle-
siis ierarqiis maSindeli damokidebuleba prezident zviad gamsax-
urdiasadmi;
imxanad, patriarqis rezidencia sionis eklesiis gverdiT mde-
bareobda. me da Cemi megobrebi mivediT patriarqis rezidenci-
asTan, raTa gveTxova 300 sanTlis Sesyidvis ufleba groznoSi
wasaRebad. patriarqma, erTi saaTis lodinis miuxedavad, ar migvi-
Ro. SevbrundiT sionis eklesiaSi da episkoposs (gvari ar maxsovs)
vTxoveT, iqneb eTxova patriarqisTvis, rom am gansakuTrebuli
viTarebisTvis daeSvaT CvenTvis sanTlebis Sesyidvis ufleba.
episkoposi, yoymanis miuxedavad, mainc wavida rezidenciaSi, ma-
gram saaTnaxevris gasvlis Semdgom mivxvdiT, rom amaod velodiT.
sxvadasxva eklesiebSi sul samocdaaTamde sanTlis Segroveba da
waReba SevZeliT (RmerTma yvelas Seundos...).
Cveni, prezidentze mgloviare qaTvelebis arc groznoSi ga-
frena da arc dabruneba iyo usafrTxo; SevardnaZis xuntisturi
reJimi specsamsaxurebi, aeroportSi aRricxavda da uTvalTvaleb-
da yvela Cvengans. iyvnen adamianebi, romlebic rigi mizezebis gamo
ver modiodnen dakrZalvaze groznoSi, magram maT, wamsvlelebs,
SemogvTavazes sakuTari manqanebiT aeroportSi miyvana, gacile-
ba da yvavilebis kalaTebis usafrTxod mitana trapamde. roca
groznodan davbrundiT, CvenTvis cnobili gaxda, rom SevardnaZis
uSiSroebam gzaze sdia maT da TiToeul maTgans fizikurad sas-
tikad gauswordnen. xolo Cven, dabrunebulebs, uSiSroebis mTeli
brigadebi dagxvda aeroportTan, romlebic gvTavazobdnen Tavian-
Ti manqanebiT saxlebSi ufasod miyvanas. didi Zalisxmeva dagvWir-
da, rom romelime maTgani ar SeetyuebinaT uSiSroebis manqanebSi.
me samgloviaro delegaciis xelmZRvaneli gaxldiT da mqonda val-
debuleba, Tanmxlebi pirebis, ojaxebSi usafrTxod dabrunebisa,
uSiSroeba ki pirdapir nadirobda Cvenze...
leila comaia
653
r e p l i k a
premieri, romelsac sZulda zviad gamsaxurdia,

uerTgulebda?!
Cven, 1994 wlis 5 ianvridan anu, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias

„TviTmkvlelobis“ oficialuri cnobis gavrcelebis droidan,
dRemde araerTi werili mivuZRveniT SeTqmulebiTa da RalatiT
gajerebul me-20 saukunis dasasrulis am istoriul danaSauls.
„TviTmkvlelobis“ versia, romelic pasuxismgeblobisagan Tavis-
daxsnis mizniT gamouZiebel mtkicebulebad SemogvaCeCa qarTvel
ers SevardnaZis xuntisturma reJimma, rogorc viciT „emyarebo-
da“ besarion guguSvilisa da prezidentis ori dacvis (robizon
margvelanisa da baCuki gvancelaZis) „naambobs“. isic viciT, rom
am SeTiTxnili versiis sanacvlod, Tavad am SeTqmulma „troikam“
sakuTari Tavisa da ojaxis sicocxlisa da usafrTxoebis garan-
tiebi miiRes.
Tavdapirveli versia ki, romelic xuntam sazogadoebis zondi-
rebis mizniT xalxSi Woris saxiT, jer kidev 1993 wlis 25 dekem-
bers gaavrcela aseTi iyo: “zviad gamsaxurdia mokles... sakuTarma
garemocvis wevrebma“, magram am versias dastur unda mohyolo-
da prezidentis mkvleli pirebis daWera da dasja; ukanaskneli
garemocva ki, rogorc mogexsenebaT, im zemoxsenebuli „troiki-
sagan“ Sedgeboda. am pirvandeli versiiT, Cveni varaudiT, xunta
(SevardnaZe, sigua, ioseliani), guguSvil-margvelan-gvancelaZeze
fsiqologiur-samarTlebriv terors axorcielebda, ris SemTx-
vevaSic maT da maT ojaxebsac xalxis risxvac daatydebodaT Tavs.
xalxSi miznobrivad gavrcelebuli es Wori, faqtiurad gaxl-
daT gzavnili prezidentis im ukanaskneli garemocvisadmi, rom-
lebic, SevardnaZis xuntisturi reJimis specsamsaxurebis mier
iqnen SerCeulni, rogorc maTTvis yvelaze metad misaRebi da saime-
do pirni. rac im daskvnis safuZvelsac gvaZlevs, rom es sameuli
(guguSvil-margvelan-gvancelaZe) prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
zugdidSi Camosvlamdec (1993 wlis 24 seqtemberi), saidumlod Ta-
manSromlobdnen xuntasTan.
654
am sameulidan Cvens gansakuTrebul interess iwvevs prezi-
dent zviad gamsaxurdias ukanaskneli premier-ministri besarion
guguSvili, romelic „mrgvali magida-Tavisufali saqarTvelos“
saarCevno blokis Seqmnidan Cndeba am organizaciis ofisSi maCa-
blis quCaze. ikavebs iq oTaxs kabinetisTvis, idgams kompiuters
da ganmartoebiT iketeba da mTeli dReebis ganmavlobaSi daka-
vebulia qarTuli Sriftebisa da saarCevno siis kompiuterSi Se-
tanis saqmianobiT. gvian, saxlSi wasvlamde igi TiTqmis ar gamodis
kabinetidan. daukiTxavad, verc veravin Sedis masTan, radgan karze
Camouxsnelad gakeTebuli aqvs warwera: „vmuSaob, ar SemoxvideT“.
besarion guguSvili, rogorc erovnul moZraobasTan asocire-
buli piri, ar Cndeba arc erT mitingze, arsad fiqsirdeba zviad
gamsaxurdias gverdiT. Sesabamisad, arc aravis gakvirvebia, rom
igi ver moxvda zviad gamsaxurdias uzenaesi sabWos deputatobis
kandidatTa siaSi da arc pirvandel mTavrobaSi, radgan mas ar
icnobs TviT erovnuli moZraobac da arc farTo sazogadoebac.
misi arseboba da saqmianoba ar icis TviT „mrgvali magidis“ dam-
fuZneblebmac „mrgvali magidis“ ofisSi, igi, ar eswreba „mrgvali
magidis“ sxdomebs, rameTu ar aris maTi wevri. guguSvili ar war-
moadgens „kontaqt-personas“.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias besarion guguSvilis arsebo-
ba axsendeba gadatrialebis sawyis etapze, rodesac premier-min-
istri Tengiz sigua Tanamdebobidan gadadga. zviad gamsaxurdia
mis Semcvlelad niSnavs baton besarions, rogorc cnobili akade-
mikosis, paata guguSvilis Svils, mecniers. guguSvili ikavebs pre-
mier-ministris Tanamdebobas, Tumca saomar mdgomareobaSi myofi
xelisuflebis pirobebSi igi ar akeTebs politikur gancxadebebs,
ar iwvevs mTavrobis sxdomebs, ar gamodis presiT, televiziiT, ar
Cadis regionebSi, ar Cndeba ucxoel JurnalistebTan. erTaderTi
interviu premier-ministris rangSi man misca saxelmwifo televi-
ziis pirvel arxs 1991 wlis 20 dekembers, romelic arafriT iyo
dasamaxsovrebeli.
SeiaraRebuli gadatrialebis dawyebisTanave 22 dekembers igi
Sedis uzenaes sabWoSi, Tumca imaleba e.w. bunkerSi Saqris tom-
rebis „barikadebs“ miRma da ar gamodis samalavidan. prezidenti
zviad gamsaxurdia ki mas aZlevs sityvier gankargulebas dato-
vos uzenaesi sabWos Senoba da gadainacvlos mTavrobis sasaxleSi,
655
moiwvios mTavrobis sxdoma da imoqmedos, magram guguSvili prezi-
dents pasxobs, rom eSinia da rCeba Saqris tomrebSi Camaluli. ar
avlens aranair survils iq mainc Sexvdes ucxoel Jurnalistebs
da rogorc meore umaRlesma xelisufalma gaakeTos gancxadebebi,
misces interviuebi. igi arc uzenaesi sabWos deputatebs enaxve-
ba, aramed imaleba da amitom sul xuTiode pirma Tu icis misi
iq yofnis Sesaxeb. kuWisaSlamde SiSatanili guguSvili jandacvis
ministr manana ZoZuaSvils wamdauwum wnevas asinjinebs, romelsac
SiSiT moculi premieri, Tavze paltogadaxuruli, sabolood ga-
mohyavs kidec uzenaesi sabWos Senobidan da Sin uSvebs.
guguSvili Tavisi ojaxiT groznoSi CaakiTxavs gaxiznul prezi-
dents da groznos erT-erT sastumro „kavkazSi“ binavdeba. igi, arc
groznoSi moqmedebs, rogorc devnili mTavrobis Tavmjdomare,
aramed Cveulebrivi moqalaqesaviT cxovrobs iq. 1993 wlis seqtem-
bris dasawyisSi ki igi prezident zviad gamsaxurdias davalebiT
brundeba saqarTveloSi, Camodis zugdidSi, iwvevs uzenaesi sabWos
sesias da iRebs gadawyvetilebas prezidentis saqarTveloSi dab-
runebis Sesaxeb. prezidenti 24 seqtembers brundeba zugdidSi da
besarion guguSvili mxolod am dRes Cndeba prezidentis gverdiT
zugdidis mravalaTasian mitingze. amis Semdgom misi saqmianoba da
arsebobac gaurkvevelia, igi kvlav uCinardeba, rogorc umaRlesi
Tanamdebobis piri. arsad Cndeba, arsad fiqsirdeba, arsad saqmi-
anobs.
besarion guguSvils, arc prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gar-
dacvalebasTan dakavSirebiT gaukeTebia oficialuri gancxadeba
qarTveli erisa da saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis winaSe, ar daug-
mia putCic.
besarion guguSvili, rogorc damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
erovnuli xelisuflebis premier-ministri, Soreul emigraciaSi
fineTSic, dRemde umoqmedod cxovrobs, Tumca pirad werilebsa
Tu interviuebSi (araoficialuri) acxadebs pretenzias legit-
imur xelisuflebis pirvelobaze, riTac blokavs mTavrobis dan-
arCen wevrTa da TviT erovnuli moZraobis aqtivobebs kanonieri
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobis samarTlebrivi Sefasebisa da
aRdgenis mimarTulebiT.
besarion guguSvili ukanasknel wlebSi Zalze gaaqtiurda
sazogadoebrivi qsel facebook-iT, sadac daJinebiT amtkicebs zviad
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gamsaxurdias TviTmkvlelobas da risxavs mkvlelobis versiis
wamomyeneblebs.
facebook-Si gamoCnda axalgazrda studenti gogona irina wer-
eTeli, romelic daibada ruseTSi da cxovrobs inglisSi, magram
SesaniSnavad icis qarTuli ena da dainteresebulia gaerkves
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias periodis movlenebSi, magram besar-
ion guguSvili cdilobs mis dezinformirebas da dezorientirebas
da am borotganzraxul mcdelobaSi igi ar erideba Tavisi real-
uri azrisa da damokidebulebis gamJRavnebas zviad gamsaxurdias
SefasebaSi. ase magaliTad: irina wereTeli siyvaruliT citirebs
zviad gamsaxurdias frazebs, razec guguSvili ase pasuxobs (ix,
qvemoT):
Irina Tsereteli
paraskevi, axlomdebare adgili: London, England
àr SeiZleba sakuTari Tavisa da sakuTari xalxis motyue-
ba-amaze mware xvedri, amaze Semzaravi danaSauli ar arsebobs!~
zviad gamsaxurdia
mecnier-filologi, mwerali, mTargmneli, politikosi, dis-
identi, filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori, saqarTvelos
erovnul-ganmanTavisuflebeli moZraobis (1973-1990) erT-erTi
lideri, saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti.
Top of Form
1aRar momwons · · gaziareba
o
besarion paatas Ze guguSvili mag yvelafers
erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi msoflmxedvelobis, paradigmis Car-
CoebSi dazusteba sWirdeba... – roca saSualeba iqneba agixsni
lamazo pippi...
paraskevi, 5:15-ze · momwons · 1
o
Irina Tsereteli didi siamovnebiT mogismendiT b-no be-
sarion!
paraskevi, 5:51-ze · momwons
657
besarion paatas Ze guguSvili sul mokled:
erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi msoflmxedvelobisa da Sesabamisi par-
adigmis CarCoebSi – zviadi upirveles da rac mTavaria iyo
erovnul-damamonebeli ideologiis fuZemdebeli da erovnul-da-
mamonebeli moZraobis erTpirovnuli lideri... – amasTanave, zvia-
di ar iyo „disidenti“ am terminis sayovelTaod gavrcelebuli
globalisturi gagebiT... – zviadi ar iyo arc politikosi... – da
sxva aseTebi... – esaa is, rasac sWirdeba am TemasTan dakavSirebiT
axsna-ganmarteba – lamazi (upirveles sulierad, da ara lamazmani)
da saTno, Tumca gulubryvilo, gulaxdili-gulRia da cxovrebiT
gamoucdeli didi bavSvisTvis – pippisTvis...
paraskevi, 12:58-ze · Edited · momwons · 2,
es internet-mimowera student irina wereTelsa da Warmag gu-

guSvils Soris 2013 wlis aprilSi Sedga.
2004 wlis 6 ivniss saq.televizia „imedis“ gadamRebi jgufi
specialuri vizitisas fineTSi guguSvilis oTaxis kedelze afiq-
sirebs joxar dudaevis suraTs. Jurnalistis kiTxvaze, zviadis
suraTi ratom ar gikidiaTo, guguSvili pasuxobs „zviadi gulSi
myavso“. am pasuxis farisevloba naTlad mJRavndeba guguSvil-Ru-
duSauris (duSeTis prefeqti) erToblivi CarTvidan Jurnalist
vaxtang sanaias gadacemaSi (2011 wlis 13 noemberi), romelSic gu-
guSvili zviad gamsaxurdias warmosaxavs „maoxrebel mkvdrad“ da
zviadis aseTad SeqmnaSi brals debs konstantine (umcrosi) gamsax-
urdias (?!), rogorc „zviad gamsaxurdias gardacvalebis garemoe-
bebis damdgen saparlamento komisiis Tavmjdomares“.
niSandoblivia, rom batoni besarioni ganrisxebiT esxmis yvel-
as, vinc prezident zviad gamdaxurdias gardacvalebis mizez-gare-
moebebs ikvlevs. am motiviT, araerTxel gamxdara misi Tavdasxmis
samizne medeakavSir „obieqtivis“ aw ukve yofili Jurnalisti irak-
li Sonia, romelsac misi yvelaze reitinguli gadacema dauxures!
irakli Sonias TqmiT, soso RuduSaurma mis gadacemaSi, fineTidan
erT-erT satelefoni CarTvisas ganacxada, rom zviad gamsaxurdia
xalxis keTildReobisaTvis ar zrunavdao. swored amgvari usin-
diso Tanamoazreob-Tanamzraxvelobis niSniT daniSna guguSvilma
RuduSauri fineTSi „emigraciuli mTavrobis prezidiumis wevrad“
658
da es SeTqmuli tandemi, aw ukve zviad gamsaxurdias pirovnul
diskreditaciasac saerTo ZalisxmeviT ewevian fineTidan.
aseT fsiqologiur atmosferoSi, vfiqrobT, logikurad Cndeba
kiTxva:
premieri, romelsac, Turme, sZulda zviad gamsaxurdia, uerT-

gulebda?!
leila comaia
gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №36. 2013 weli.
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia Tavisi obieqturi mizezebi aqvs,

Tu ratom ar Catarda eqspertiza da Catarda mxolod daTva-
liereba groznos prozeqturaSi. ra Tqma unda amiT simarTlis
dadgenis saqmem izarala. senakis aeroportSic daTvalierebas
hqonda adgili, romlis oqmic gamovaqveyneT. im dokumentSi,
romelsac Tamar dekanosiZe, CaCua, boWoriSvili da sxvebi aw-
eren xels, laparakia ramodenime saxis dazianebaze saxisa da
Tavis areSi. rogorc yofilma jandacvis ministrma da yofil-
ma premierma a. jorbenaZem miTxra, 3 ucxoeli eqsperti ukve
TbilisSi iyo Camosuli. xolo SevardnaZem da baluaSvilma imiT
gaimarTles Tavi, rom qvrivi eqspertizis winaaRmdegiao: TiTqos
groznoSi myofi qvrivis da iandarbievis 5 CeCenis SeeSindaT.
Tuki me, e. SevardnaZe imas vamtkiceb, rom am kacma Tavi moikla
da me arafer SuaSi var, maSin piriqiT yvelaferi unda meRona,
rom rogorRac Catarebuliyo eqspertiza, rac TviTmkvlelobas
daamtkicebda. SevardnaZisTvis es xom komfortulic iqneboda da
aucilebelic.
659
ratom ewinaaRmdegeba besarion guguSvili prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis versias?
saqarTvelos respublikis pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxur-

dias gardacvalebis garemoebaTa Semswavlelma saparlamento komi-
siis Seqmnam(romelsac prezidentis ufrosi Svili, parlamentari
konstantine gamsaxurdia xelmZRvanelobs) mosveneba, gansakuTre-
biT daukarga, erovnuli mTavrobis premierministrs besarion gu-
guSvils da prezidentis dacvis im wevrebs, romlebic besarion gu-
guSvilTan erTad imyofebodnen prezidentis gardacvalebis dros
(robinzon margvelani, baCuki gvancelaZe).
swored maTgan gavrcelda is Tavzardamcemi informacia, rom
1993 wlis 31 dekembris Rames, axali wlis dadgomamde ramodenime
wuTiT adre, prezidentma zviad gamsaxurdiam Tavi moikla.
aRniSnuli informacia, SevardnaZis xuntisturma xelisufle-
bam oficialurad masmediiT 1994 wlis 5 ianvars gaavrcela. 5
ianvramde, devnili prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias «TviTmkvle-
lobis» informacia ar gamoJonila misi garemocvisagan. arc TviT
im soflebSic, sadac mokles da Semdgom gadaasvenes prezidenti
(Zveli xibula da jixaSkari). SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom 5 dRis
ganmavlobaSi (31 dekembridan 5 ianvramde), prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias garemocva, SevardnaZis xuntistur reJimTan TanamS-
romlobiT, xvewda da amuSavebda orive mxarisaTvis sasurveli
TviTmkvlelobis versias, rac SeiZleba meti damajereblobiT
gavrcelebis detalebs. am sjabaasSi, mTavar epizodad da argu-
mentad iqca prezidentis saflavis adgilsamyofelis gasaidum-
leba xuntisturi xelisufsuflebis mxridan, TiTqosda saflavis
„dacvis“ (?!) motiviT.
calsaxad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
ukanaskneli garemocvis da SevardnaZis xuntisturi xelisuflebis
mier gavrcelebulma «TviTmkvlelobis» versiam, 16 wlis ganmav-
lobaSic ki, verc mis momxreebsa da verc mowinaaRmdegeebs Soris,
damajereblobis verc erTi procentiT ver imuSava. aramed, swored
660
am versiam gaaCina paradoqsaluri imedi zviadis sicocxlis Ses-
axeb; zviad gamsaxurdias momxreTa nawils dRemde asuldgmulebs
misi dabrunebis (gamoCenis) imedi.
Tbilisis petre pavles eklesiis winamZRvarma, dekanozma ar-
Cil mindiaSvilma (igi zviad gamsaxurdias uzenaesi sabWos depu-
tatic gaxldaT), kviracxovlobas (2010 wlis 11 aprils), aTasamde
mrevlis winaSe iqadaga:
zviad gamsaxurdia cocxalia, igi imyofeba evraziis erT-erT
monasterSi, dabrundeba saqarTveloSi da Camoiyvans mefes. am-
ieridan me zviad gamsaxurdias cocxlebSi movixsenieb...
da mas merme (rogorc misi mrevlidan viciT) cocxalTa locveb-
Si ixseniebs kidec!
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias ukanaskneli garemocva (guguS-
vili, margvelani, gvancelaZe) acxadebs, rom prezidenti mowamlu-
li iyo da bolo erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi Zalian cudad grZnobda
Tavs (xdeboda, ver Wamdao).
sazogadoebisaTvis dRemde pasuxgaucemlad rCeba kiTxva, Tu ra
viTarebaSi moiwamla prezidenti da riT! Tu igi sakvebiT moiwam-
la, maSin imave sakvebiT an wyliT isinic xom unda mowamluliyvnen?
ramdenadac viciT, devnil mTavrobas, savele da eqstremalur
viTarebaSi sakvebis farTo an gansxvavebuli asortimenti ar gaaCn-
daT da yvelani (prezidentic) erTi sakvebiT ikvebebodnen.
aris erTi sicarielec! vinaidan, afeqtis mdgomareoba da mo-
tivacia (rogorc isini gvarwmuneben, axal wels sufrasTan mowes-
rigebuli Sexvda da Semdeg dasaZineblad dawvao) im momentisaTvis
ar arsebobda, prezidenti, TviTmkvlelobis gadawyvetilebamde,
gaazrebuli nebelobiT unda misuliyo. xolo aseTi mdgradi su-
lier-fsiqologiuri mdgomareobis fonze mas, Tavisi ukiduresi
gadawyvetilebis mizezebze (misi Rrmad morwmuneoba da uflis mo-
SiSoba rom gamovricxoT), eris mimarT saTqmeli, werilobiT mainc
unda daetovebina, zviad gamsaxurdias, udavod, maRali Sinagani pa-
suxismgeblobis xarisxidan gamomdinare.
sazogadoebis yuradReba, erT saeWvo garemoebazec msurs ga-
vamaxvilo:
sazogadoebis undoblobasa da eWvebs aZlierebs isic, rom
prezidentis garemocva (guguSvili, gvancelaZe, margvelani)
«pedalireben» erTaderT – «TviTmkvlelobis» – versiaze (rac
661
sakuTari TvalebiT, arcerTs unaxavs, gveZinao) da kategoriulad
ewinaaRmdegebian mkvlelobis versias. agreTve, sxvadasxva dema-
gogiuri gancxadebebiT, Tavidan icileben gamoZiebasTan TanamS-
romlobis valdebulebas...
leila comaia,
2010 wlis aprili.
(masala gadmobeWdilia gazeTidan „ganmaTavisuflebeli“,
2010 wlis maisi, №25).
662
r e p l i k a
SexedeT am ugvan montaJs da umal mixvdebiT,

vin mWmunvarea, vin meocnebe!
ruseTis propagandistul-
ma qarTulma gazeTma àsaval
-dasavalma~, romelic am
saarCevno periodSi biZina
ivaniSvilisaganac uxvad finans-
deba, ivaniSvilis gaerovnulebi-
saTvis morig voluntaristul
xerxs mimarTa; zviad gamsaxur-
diasa da merab kostavas `mwux-
are raindebad~ cnobil fotos
merabi amoarida da, mis nacvlad,
zviads gverdiT, biZina ivaniSvi-
li dauyena (ix. àsaval-dasava-
li~, 20-26 agvisto, №34, gv.6, 2012). foto ganTavsebulia biZina
ivaniSvilis satelitad sagangebod Seqmnil politikuri organi-
zacia èrovnulebis~ damfuZneblisa da lideris sandro bregvaZis
interviuSi da fonadac, erovnuli moZraobis wevrebis nacvlad, am
istoriul fotos dadebuli aqvs òcnebis~ TeTrmaisuriani wevre-
bis kadri. arada, moZraoba èrovnulebis~ rigebSi da damfuZnebel-
Ta Sorisac, 2012 da 2015 wlebSi mravlad iyvnen erovnuli moZrao-
bis veteranebi. 2016 wlis gazafxulze, rogorc ki gamoaSkaravda
bregaZis namdvili saxe, TiTqmis erTianad datoves moZraobis
rigebi da dRes bregaZis gverdiT erovnuli moZraobis arcerTi
warmomadgeneli ar dgas. xolo, axalaiebis ojaxuri klani Tu ra
kavSirSia am fotosTan, es rebusi verafriT amovxseniT.
fotosa da videos montaJi dRes sazogadod gavrcelebul
praqtikad iqca, Tumca, amgvar saCoTiro saqmianobas, adre mxolod
uSiSroeba da sxva Zalovani struqturebi mimarTavdnen. Jurnalis-
tikaSi ki, amgvari praqtikis danergvas, namdvilad ver mivesalme-
biT, rameTu, msgavsi precedenti eWqveS daayenebs nebismieri foto
663
Tu video dokumenturi masalis namdvilobas da fassa da ndobas
daukargavs mas.
àsaval-dasavalis~ am foto-montaJze, Cvens aRSfoTebas,
agreTve iwvevs fotoze dadebuli mkrexeluri citatac sandro
bregaZis interviudan jaba xubuasTan, romlis paTosiTac, biZina
ivaniSvili... zviad gamsaxurdias gzisa da ideebis ganuxrel gamgr-
Zeleblad (?!) warmogvidgeba.
ai, amgvari fantasmagoruli iluziiT aris `gamarTlebuli~,
zviad gamsaxurdias gverdiT, merab kostavas, biZina ivaniSviliT
Canacvleba.
arada, bregaZis am interviumde, putinis oligarqma biZina
ivaniSvilma, lemSvenieraSi mosaxleobasTan Sexvedris dros Tavs
ufleba misca, damoukidebeli erTiani saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, aralegitimuri da kapitulanti
`prezidentebis~ – SevardnaZisa da saakaSvilis maraqaSi gaeyvana da
zviadis Rvawlic fokusnikobad Seefasebina. kerZod, ivaniSvilma
Tqva:~...bolo oci weliwadi, rac gaxsovT ssrk daiSala da amitomac
davdivarT am mojadoebul wreze: erTi gvatyuebs erTi fokusiT
(gulisxmobs zviads -l.c.), meore movida da meore ubedurebas gvax-
vevs da mesame movida da saerTod katastrofa mogvitana~. naxeT
video http:/ /www.youtube.com/watch?v=so-MhXs2Aus, misi gamosvlis
Canaweri 12 wT-sa da 42-e wamidan.
ivaniSvils, arc svanebTan Sekrebaze dahviwyebia zviadi da mi-
seul warsuls iqac esrola kenWebi: „moWarbebulma patriotobam
da emociebma dagvRupao~ .
xolo, zugdidur Sexvedrebze ki, gaisigrZegana ra regional-
uri faqtori, zviadis mimarT kritikis toni Searbila, Tumca Se-
fuTviTac sakmaod mkacrad gaabiabiura, rogorc politikosi da
mas carieli emociebiT mosuli uwoda:~zviadi iyo Zalian didi
patrioti kaci, Zalian didi pirovneba, Zalian ganaTlebuli ,
Zalian magari ojaxis Svili, problema iyo is, rom sazogadoeba
iyo afsoliturad moumzadebeli, carieli emociebiT movediT,
aranairi gamocdileba marTvis ar gvqonia, erTaderTi, rac qonda
– acxonos RmerTma – zviadsac, gamoucdeli iyo isic marTvis~ –
Tqva ivaniSvilma zugdidSi, sof. odiSSi baCuki goCuas ojaxSi. ix.
video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nm3viAF9Hc0&feature=g-crec-u
arada, zviads da mis erovnul xelisuflebas, postsabWouri xe-
664
lisuflebidan (SevardnaZe, saakaSvili), erTaderTs hqonda erovnu-
li saxelmwifoebriobis aRmSeneblobis yovlismomcveli programa,
ris gacnobasac namdvilad saWiroebs politikani ivaniSvili, risT-
visac vurCevT mas waikiTxos krebuli `mrgvali magida – Tavisufa-
li saqarTvelo. politikuri organizaciebi~, gamomcemloba `zani~,
2009. Semdgenel-redaqtori – eTer mgalobliSvili.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias programa ki, misgan gansxvave-
biT, ar gaxldaT amomrCevlebis mosyidvaze orientirebuli da xe-
lisuflebaSic igi mowameobrivi brZolis biografiuli kapitaliT
(da ara fuladi kapitaliT) movida. disidenti zviad gamsaxurdia,
politikaSi 12 wlis asakidan iyo CarTuli, xolo marTvis meTodu-
ri gamocdilebis aTviseba ki, gareSe da Sinaurma mtrebma, swored
rom ar daacales!
rogori mouzRudavi unda iyo piradi azrebis sajarod gacxa-
debasa da moqmedebaSic, rom zviadisa da merabis sruli antipo-
di ivaniSvili, zviadis dar saqarTvelos aRmSeneblad warmoadgi-
no! sandro bregvaZem, am mkrexelobis sanacvlod, ivaniSvilisagan
parlamentSi erTi mandati (dep. paata baraTaSvili), diasporis
saministroSi misi organizaciis wevris (gia feraZis) dasaqmeba
uzrunvelyo, xolo Tavad ki okupirebuli teritoriebidan iZu-
lebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa, gansaxlebisa da ltolvilTa minis-
tris (daraxveliZis) moadgilis Tanamdeboba gainaRda. amJamad ki,
sandro bregaZe diasporis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris (gela
dumbaZis) moadgilea da ministrobazec ocnebobs.
zviadi da merabi arodes ocnebobdnen, rameTu, vaJas Tqmisa ar
iyos: `saqmian kacs ocnebisTvis sada scalian, an ocnebas ra xeli
aqvs masTan?!~
zviadi da merabi sandlebiT, gacveTili samosiTa da fexiT
moarulni zecaSi da erSi agrovebdnen saunjes.
leila comaia
2012 wlis seqtemberi
„ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №33, gv. 7
665
gazeT „НАРОДНАЯ ПРАВДА“-Si gamoqveynebul prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias intervius gamo
sankt-peterburgis gazeT „Народная правда“ -Si 1992 wlis oqtomb-

erSi, erTmaneTis gverdi-gverd daibeWda zviad gamsaxurdiasa da
joxar dudaevis interviuebi. zviad gamsaxurdias interviu 1992
wlis 6 dekembers qarTulad gadmoTargmnili dabeWda im dros,
jer kidev soxumSi, omis mdgomareobaSi gamomavalma erovnulma
gazeTma „aRdgomam“ (N29). vinaidan, aRniSnuli erovnuli gazeTi
soxumSi omis mZvinvarebis periodSi gamoicemoda, gamomcemlebis
usafrTxoebis mizniT gazeTze gamomcemlebis konkretuli vinao-
bis nacvlad miTiTebuli iyo „saredaqcio kolegia“ , realurad
ki mas warmoadgendnen giorgi siWinava, murman zaqaraia, nona qo-
balia... savaraudod, rusulenovani intervius Targmani, swored
nona qobalias unda ekuTvnodes. dasaxelebuli pirovnebebis
mimarT, cxadia, madlobis meti araferi gveTqmis; 1992 wlis 6 de-
kemberi, kalendris mixedviT arasamuSao – kvira dRe iyo, rac me-
tyvelebs redaqciis mesveurTa patriotul dRis reJimzec. Tumca,
„aRdgomis“ es Tavdadebuli muSakebi, albaT maSin verc ifiqrebd-
nen, rom 18 wlis Semdgom gamoCdebodnen arakeTilsindisieri,
ruseTume politmaqinatorebi, romlebic Tavisi miznebisamebr
daCexavdnen prezident zviad gamsaxurdias am intervius da moax-
erxebdnen, Tanamedrove sazogadoebisaTvis, zviad gamsaxurdias,
ruseTis mokavSire liderad warmoCenas...
Cven didi jafa dagvWirda mogvepovebina am intervius rusu-
li originali, risTvisac sankt-peterburgSi Casvla gaxda saWiro.
Tavdapirvelad, problemis iolad mogvarebis mizniT, daxmareba
vTxoveT Cvens facebook-el axalgazrda megobars irina wereTels,
romlis bebia-babua da mSoblebi moskovSi cxovroben, xolo Tav-
ad irina londonis samedicino institutis studentia da erT-erT
klinikaSi staJioradac muSaobs. irina operatiulad Seecada Cvens
daxmarebas babuis nacnobi qarTvelebis meSveobiT, Tumca es, arc
ise martivi aRmoCnda da droSi gaiwela. sakiTxze sasaubrod vixme
uzenaesi sabWos deputati da mxatvari nugzar mgalobliSvili,
666
raTa mas, Tavisi rusi kolegebi moeSvelebina gazeTis mosapove-
blad. bedad aRmoCnda, rom nugzar mgalobliSvils Tavad hqonda
xelT TviTmfrinavis bileTi, swored peterburgSi ramdenime dRe-
Si gasamgzavreblad „non-konformist“ mxatvarTa gamofenaze, sad-
ac sakuTar naxatebTan erTad, sxva ramdenime qarTveli mxatvris
namuSevrebic mihqonda.
imis gamo, rom gazeT “Народная правда“ -s gamocema aT welze
meti wlis win Sewyvetila, n. mgalobliSvils, redaqciis yofil
Senobidan, pirdapir, sankt-peterburgis centraluri biblioTeki-
sken auRia gezi. biblioTekaSi mas gazeTis qseroaslic gadauRes,
CD-diskzec gadautanes da monapovari nugzar mgalobliSvilma
rudunebiT Camoitana saqarTveloSi. erT kviraSi, Cveni umcrosi
megobris, irina wereTlisganac miviReT Skyp-Ti gadmogzavnili
Sepirebuli gazeTis is gverdi, romelzec ganTavsebulia zviadis
es sadao interviu, risTvisac masac did madlobas vuxdiT.
„Народная правда“-Si kavkasieli prezidentebis zviad gamsaxur-
diasa da joxar dudaevis interviuebi mesame gverdze erTmaneTis
gverdiTaa dabeWdili da im periodisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli gaze-
Tis uSvelebeli formatis mTeli erTi gverdi ukavia kavkasieli
prezidentebis didi fotoebiTurT. gazeT „aRdgomaSi“, redko-
legiis Sepirebis miuxedavad, joxar dudaevis interviu Semdgom
nomrebSi ar gamoqveynebula, raSic maT, vfiqrobT omis eskalaciam
SeuSalaT xeli.
gazeT „aRdgomaSi“ ki prezident zviad gamsaxurdias interviu
1 da me-2 gverdis nawilSia ganTavsebuli, magram korespondentisa
da mTargmnelis vinaobisa da intervius Caweris adgilis miTiTebis
gareSe, rac interviuebis anonimurobis STabeWdilebas warmoSobs.
Cven, rasakvirvelia, dasazusteblad davukavSirdiT gamomcemlebs
baton murman zaqaraiasa da giorgi siWinavas, magram maTgan ver-
aferi SevityveT; auxsnelobis mizezad maT masalis xandazmuloba
daasaxeles, ar gvaxsovso! gazeT „Народная правда“-s mopoveba ki am
mxrivac fasdaudebeli saganZuri aRmoCnda, riTac am sainforma-
cio vakuumis Sevsebis saSualebac mogveca, rameTu, interviuebis,
kerZod ki prezident dudaevis intervius boloSi, redaqciis mi-
naweris Semdgom, gamyofi xazis qvemoT weria: „gverdis masalebi
momzadebulia Cveni specialuri korespondentebis e. beliaevis da
s. ivanovis mier. s.peterburgi – mineraluri wylebi – grozno.“
667
Cveni gamokvleviT, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias „Народная
правда“-sTvis groznoSi micemuli intervius qarTul gazeTSi ga-
moqveynebis pirvelwyaroa, gazeTi „aRdgoma“, saidanac igi gadabe-
668
Wdes da internetsivrceSic dRemde vrceldeba sxvadasxva saiteb-
sa Tu portalebze. erTi aseTi yvelaze popularuli da aqtiuri
saiti iyo http://mamuli.net/sinatle , romlis Semqmnelebi gaxldaT
1992 wlis Semdgom emigraciaSi wasuli prezident zviad gamsax-
urdias xelisuflebisa da erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebi:
besarion guguSvili, ioseb RuduSauri, Tamaz alvaneli, daCi Ca-
CaniZe (-qarTveli) da sxv. romlebmac am saitze zviad gamsaxurdias
xsenebuli interviu dades sul sxva, sakuTriv interpretirebuli
saTauriT: „interviu saqarTvelos respublikis prezident zviad
gamsaxurdiasTan: saxelmwifo gadatrialeba saqarTveloSi“. xsen-
ebulma pirebma ar miuTiTes, agreTve intervius qarTuli pirvel-
wyaro. parlamentis erovnuli biblioTekis saitze ganTavsebul am
intervius, wyarod miTiTebuli ki aqvs gazeTi „aRdgoma“, magram
sxva nomriT, anu, gazeTis N29-is nacvlad miTiTebuli aqvT N20
da Tavad interviuc isevea daCexil-gayalbebuli, rogorc zemox-
senebul da sxva internet-saitebze, anu ganTavsebuli interviu
realurad arsad ar warmoadgens gazeT „aRdgomis“ asls.
am konteqstSi niSandoblivad unda miviCnioT, rom parlamentis
erovnul biblioTekaSi ukve veRar moiZiebT 90-iani wlebis dasawy-
isis presas srulyofili saxiT, aramed opoziciis gamonaTqvame-
bi, gancxadebebi da qmedebani foto-masalebiTurT, TiTqmis yvela
gazeTidan britviTaa amoWrili. Cveni aRmoCeniT, es procesi maSin-
del sajaro biblioTekaSi daiwyo 1995 wlidan da albaT dasrulda
misi sruli ganadgurebis dros. am salikvidacio saqmianobiT ki
dainteresebuli da dakavebuli pirebi, uTuod isini iyvnen, vinc
sityviT Tu saqmiT aqtiur monawileobas iRebdnen damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisuflebis damxobaSi da aw ukve aRar
awyobdaT maTi saqmianobis mamxilebeli publikaciebis presaSi ar-
seboba.
ar aris gamoricxuli, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias, „aR-
dgomaSi“ „Народная правда“-dan gadmoTargmnili intervius amg-
varad daCexvis pirveli Semoqmedi, swored erovnuli (sajaro)
biblioTeka gamxdariyo. maS, ratom unda daedo parlamentis
erovnul biblioTekas mainc, Tavis saitze, prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias intervius swored es daCexili varianti ise, rom arc
miuTiTa amis Sesaxeb? Tanac, arasworad miuTiTa (gaayalba) gazeT
„aRdgomis“ nomeric (N29-is nacvlad miuTiTa N20)? am biblioTekas
669
mainc xom gaaCnda Tavis periodikaSi (xeluxlebel fondSic) gazeTi
„aRdgoma“ da Sesabamisad, gazeTis is nomeric, romelSic zviadis
es interviu sruli saxiTaa dabeWdili?
ix. erovnuli biblioTekis saiti: http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gsdl/
rusi Jurnalistis kiTxvis nawilSi – „riT ver daimsaxura Tqven-
ma xelisuflebam dasavleTis keTilganwyoba?“ – prezident gamsax-
urdias pasuxis meore abzacis bolodan amoRebulia e. SevardnaZe
da is monakveTi asea formulirebuli: “...es iqca erT-erT mizezad
samxedro gadatrialebisa da xelisuflebaSi centraluri sadaz-
vervo sammarTvelos (c.r.u.) agentisa da evroamerikuli imperi-
alizmis pirdapiri agentis (e. SevardnaZe amoRebulia) mosvlisa“.
xolo, kiTxvis nawilSi – „riT aixsneba dasavleTis esoden gazr-
dili interesi kavkasiis mimarT?“ – zviadis pasuxis mesame abzacSi
„kavkasiis sruli „balkaniaciis“ gareSe“ -dan amoRebulia mozrdi-
li monakveTi pasuxebian-kiTxvianad da Semdgom monakveTSic TviT-
neburad Secvlilia zviadis pasuxis nawilic.
zemoxsenebulma internet-saitma (http://mamuli.net/sinatle) sa-
Tave daudo prezident zviad gamsaxurdias intervius amgvarad
Secvlil-damaxinjebuli saxiT gavrcelebas sxvadasxva portaleb-
sa („burusi“ da sxva) da beWdur mediaSic. ase magaliTad, mimdin-
are 2013 wlis martis(N3(32) nomerSi, TbilisSi gamomavalma rusuli
orientaciis Jurnalma „istoriuli memkvidreoba“, swored am saxiT
dabeWda zviadis es gaxmaurebuli interviu da internet-wyarod
http://mamuli.net/sinatle miuTiTa. niSandoblivia, rom zviadis es
interviu metad popularuli gaxda saqarTveloSi jerac SemorCe-
nili rusuli orientaciis jgufebisaTvis, romlebmac igi Tavian-
Ti poziciebis gasamyareblad (argumentad) gamoiyenes.
niSandoblivia, rom Jurnal „istoriuli memkvidreobis“ mes-
veurebi sakuTar vinaobas ar amxelen da prorusul propagan-
das saidumlod ewevian. amadac, Jurnalze versad amoikiTxavT
redaqtoris an saredaqcio jgufis konkretul gvarebs, aramed
Jurnalze miwerili aqvT rebusuli „redkolegia“. Tu gazeT „aR-
dgomis“ SemTxvevaSi konspiraciuli „redkolegiis“ safari axsnadi
da gamarTlebuli iyo, dRevandeli presis Tavisuflebis pirobebSi
igive meTodi mxolod saeWvo kiTxvebs aRZravs; Jurnal „istori-
uli memkvidreobas“ da 32-gverdian gazeT „saqarTvelo da msofli-
os“ redaqciasac (armaz sanebliZe, nugzar fofxaZe, irakli To-
670
dua – mTavari redaqtori), rogorc sCans, erTidaigive mepatrone
da ideologiuri jgufi hyavs da erTidaigive misamarTze – daviT
baqraZis q.N6-Si mdebareobs. Jurnal e.w. „istoriuli memkvidreo-
bis“ saidumlo redkolegias ki, uzenaesi sabWos deputatebidan,
Temur qoriZe da Tengiz kublaSvili, agreTve, darejan andri-
aZe... unda Seadgendnen da moskovidan, aleqsandre WaWias patro-
naJiT unda finansdebodes...
zemoxsenebuli Jurnali gaxlavT amave saxelwodebis arasam-
Tavrobo organizacia „istoriuli memkvidreobis“ Jurnali, or-
ganizaciis wevrebi da satelitebi ki gaxlavT: tariel gagniZe
(Tavmjdomare), zaza abaSiZe, valeri kvaracxelia („neitralu-
ri saqarTvelos“ Tavmjdomare), petre mamaraZe, napaleon qa-
rqaSaZe, nana devdariani (globaluri kvlevebis centri), vaJa
oTaraSvili da sxv.
am arasamTavrobo organi-
zaciam („istoriuli mem-
kvidreoba“), ruseTis dafi-
nansebiT, gamosca wigni
„ucnobi putini“, romlis
pompezuri prezentacia
moawyo, mimdinare wlis 9
oqtombers, sastumro „BET-
SY’S HOTEL“-is sakonferen-
cio darbazSi, mdidruli
sufriT. wigni putinisa da
„didi ruseTis“ madideb-
el-maamebluria (wyaro/
Source: http://saqinform.ge/in-
dex.php). CvenTvis ucnobia,
eswreboda Tu ara, Tavad
saqarTvelos patriarqi am
„ wignis pompezur prezentacias xsenebul “ sastumroSi, magram mas,
am fotoze, swored es wigni uWiravs xelSi.
gazeTma „saqarTvelo da msofliom“ zviadis es interviu sul
sxva saTauriT – „saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti zviad gam-
saxurdia dasavleTisa da natos Sesaxeb“ – Tavadac dabeWda mim-
dinare 2013 wlis 13-19 noembers, N42(229), gv. 9, sadiskusio TemiT –
671
„gvinda Tu ara nato?“ diskusiis mTavari warmmarTvelebi gaxldaT
evraziis institutis xelmZRvaneli gulbaaT rcxilaZe (wiTeli
disidentis, zviad gamsaxurdias moZule viqtor rcxilaZis Svi-
li) da SevardnaZis kancelaristi petre mamraZe. Tumca, statiis
dasasruls maT ki miuTiTes, rom es aris „amonaridebi gazeTidan
„narodnaia pravda“ 1992 weli.
wyaroebis aseTi manipulirebiT cdilobs, erTidaigive media-jgu-
fi, zviad gamsaxurdias saxelis gamoyenebas ruseTis propagandi-
saTvis, rac cxadia, cinizmi da mkrexelobaa. internetsivrceSi ki
am daCexil intervius, ruseTis droSasTan erTad aqtiurad, niSnis-
gebiT afrialebs wm.ilia marTlis sazogadoebis yofili wevri (misi
TqmiT), kanadaSi emigrirebuli daCi qarTveli (CaCaniZe), romelic
Cven, analogiuri qmedebis gamo (zviadis fotoze datanili, viTom
zviadis citatis) adrec vamxileT (ix. gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“,
2013 w. aprili, N35, gv.19). es daCi-qarTvelad wodebuli persona, yov-
el wels daubrkoleblad Camodis saqarTveloSi da TanamSromlobs
ruseTis satelit politikur ZalebTan (kaxa kukava da sxva).
rac Seexeba Tavad „Народная правда“-s am intervius, masSi erTi
friad gansacvifrebeli uzustobaa korespondentis ukanaskneli
kiTxvis zviadiseuli pasuxis am abzacSi :„ CemTvis ar aris ucxo
prorusuli ganwyoba. me mudam miveswrafvodi mWidro kavSirs
ruseTTan da vocnebobdi, saqarTvelos hyoloda bunebrivi
mokavSire am Tavisi didi aRmosavleli (?! – l.c.) mezoblis sax-
iT...“ vfiqrob, aq saqme gvaqvs korespondentis uyuradRebobasa da
araswor CawerasTan da realurad unda iyos „Crdiloeli mezob-
lis...“ xolo Tavad zviadiseuli fraza „CemTvis ar aris ucxo
prorusuli ganwyoba...“ im viTarebaSi, saxelmwifoebrivad moaz-
rovne da maRali pasuxismgeblobis piri prezidentis (rogorc
saqarTvelos, aseve CeCneTis respublikis winaSe) sentemad JRers
da misi diplomatiis dasturs warmoadgens, an esec gayalbebulia
da prezidenti, realurad marTlac laparakobs romelime aRmo-
savlel mezobelze. am konteqstSi, mkiTxvelisTvis albaT saint-
eresoa joxar dudaevis intervius paTosi, romelic (rogorc ze-
moT gacnobeT) „Народная правда“-s amave nomerSi zviadis intervius
gverdiTaa dabeWdili. unda mogaxsenoT, rom joxar dudaevis in-
tervius, laitmotivad, mkveTri antidasavluri ganwyoba gasdevs
da aseTi politikuri refreniTaa damuxtuli : „ruseTis xelisu-
672
fleba dasavleTis mZevalia“ !
daskvnis saxiT uflebamosili varT ganvacxadoT, rom damou-
kidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias
„Народная правда“-sTvis groznoSi micemuli intervius qarTul
mediasivrceSi gamoqveynebis sruli versia dabeWdilia mxolod
gazeT „aRdgoma“Si 1992 wlis 6 dekemberi(N29), xolo internet-
sivrceSi ki saitze – http://iberiana.wordpress.com/zviad-gamsakhurdia/
narodnaya-pravda/
amdenad, intervius wakiTxvisa Tu gamoyenebis met-naklebi san-
do wyaroebad mxolod es ori dasaxeleba miiCneva.
leila comaia
iuTubze arsebobs groznoSi Cawerili video-interviu irakli

kenWoSvilis mier zviad gamsaxurdiasTan, romelSic prezidenti
gamsaxurdia dasavleTis moimede liderad warmoCindeba. ixileT
es video https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=498807473578225&set=
vb.100003469300289&type=2&theater
manana sotkilavam, gaakeTa `citireba~ zviad gamsaxurdias in-
tervius: Прочтите оригинал этого же текста: «Я всегда был настроен
по-российски, всегда хотел иметь самые тесные связи с Россией, мечтал,
чтобы Грузия была естественным союзником своего великого соседа, но
это не устраивало западный мир и послушное ему жидовское российское
правительство. Они продолжают разжигать этнические конфликты на
Кавказе. В результате мы сейчас стоим перед вполне реальной опасностью
перерастания этих конфликтов в большую войну». З. К. Гамсахурдиа,
“Народная Правда”, Санкт-Петербург, 1992 г.
ruseTume manana sotkilavas zviadis citirebas sakuTar facebook-

gverdze, umal mohyva konstantine gamsaxurdias (umcrosi) komentari:
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia liafsusi am statiaSi aris Tundac
is, rom ukritikodaa gaziarebuli 1992 wels rusul presaSi ga-
moqveynebuli kompilaciis avTenturoba – interviu miewera zviad
gamsaxurdias, sinamdvileSi is gayalbebuli iyo: “aqve saqarTvelos
RalatiT damxobili prezidenti laparakobs evroamerikul impe-
rializmze. zviadi ambobs, rom Cven ar davuSviTo, rom saqarT-
velo dasavleTis koloniad qceuliyo. zviadis TqmiT, dasavleTs
673
mxolod iseTi xelisufleba aZlevda xels, romelic usityvod
aRasrulebda mis nebas. zviadis sityviT, es iqca samxedro ga-
datrialebis erT-erT mizezad da xelisuflebaSi movida centra-
luri sadazvervo sammarTvelos (CIA) agenti da evroamerikuli
imperializmis pirdapiri agenti.” mokled, iseTi interviu miew-
ereba, rac mas ar miucia. erTxans mec vTvlidi, rom es interviu
marTlac zviads ekuTvnoda, magram kritikuli ganxilvis Semdeg
azri Semecvala, miT ufro rom rusma Jurnalitma ar waradgina
intervius Canaweri. amave dros arsebobs misi sxva intervius vid-
eoCanaweri, romelic gansxvavebul pozicias amJRavnebs. es Tavis
droze me gamovaqveyne FB-ze. siyalbea aseve jonsis Sexedulebani
gamsaxurdiaseuli politikis eTnikur principze. rac Seexeba Se-
vardnaZes, igi KGB-s warmomadgeneli iyo, romelic cxadia, Tuki
xeirs naxavda da SemoTavazeba eqneboda, aravisTan urTierTobas
aaridebda Tavs, mTavaria gasayidi yofiliyo raime an savaWro sa-
Sualeba miscemoda (gulisxmobs goCa gvasalias polemikas stiven
jonsis wignze, romelic dabeWdilia gazeT `ganmaTavisuflebeli~
№41, 2014 w., gv. 7, 12, 16, 19 -l.c.).
674
wiTeli disidentebi
sabWoTa imperias, saqarTveloSi, garda „wiTeli inteligenciisa“,

agreTve, arcTu cota hyavda sakuTriv, sateliti „wiTeli disiden-
tebic“, romlebmac Semdgom Tavi moiyares erovnuli moZraobis pir-
vel legalur organizacia „ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebaSi“ ( guram
mamulia, zurab WavWavaZe, guram yoranaSvili, ciala ardaSelia, jum-
ber kopaliani, vaxtang ZabiraZe...) da swored isini warmoadgendnen
ZiriTad birTvs am sazogadoebisa.
Cems amJamindel Temas ar warmoadgens am uaxlesi istoriis
peripetiebis ganxilva, aramed, amjerad, mxolod erT dokumentur
filmSi, wiTeli disidentis, jumber kopalianis Cveul royio ga-
nacxadze SevaCereb yuradRebas.
dokumenturi filmi, saxelwodebiT, „naTeli igi“ (ix. www.
youtube.com/watch?v=1IbO2zqaESc) eZRvneba niko da zurab WavWavaZeebs
(filmis samxatvro xelmZRvaneli da wamyvani – kinoreJisori merab
kokoCaSvili, damdgmeli reJisorebi: irakli papava, nino WavWavaZe,
2004 weli).
am ornawilian filmSi, jumber kopaliani, mokled mimoixilavs
ra 9 aprilis maprovocirebel faqtors (gagaxsenebT, rom apri-
lis mitingebi TbilisSi, afxazeTis sofel lixnis krebaze, sepa-
ratistebis mier afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis saqarTvelos
Semadgelobidan gasvlisa da ruseTTan mierTebis moTxovnas mohyva),
ambobs: “4 aprils, zurab WavWavaZis xelmZRvanelobiT, mTavrobis
sasaxlis win gaimarTa mravalaTasiani mitingi afxazeTSi Seqmnili
mZime situaciis ganmuxtvis mizniT. mitingma xelisuflebas wauyena
uaRresad realisturi, Sesrulebadi moTxovnebi. xelisufleba iZu-
lebuli gaxda meore dResve daewyo am moTxovnebis Sesruleba; meore
dRes Tanamdebobidan gaaTavisufles afxazeTis saolqo komitetis
pirveli mdivani (gulisxmobs boris adleibas – l.c.) da ai amis Sem-
deg garkveulma Zalebma, samwuxarod, 6 aprilidan aqcias mimarTule-
ba Seucvales, ramac 9 aprilis tragediamde migviyvana. xolo Semd-
gomSi, ruseTis mier afxazeTis teritoriis okupaciamdec“o.
imisaTvis, rom mciredi warmodgena mainc SegiqmnaT „disident“
jumber kopalianis pirovnebaze, erT istoriul „salaRobo“ faqts
675
gavixseneb 80-iani wlebis dasawyisidan; aTeistur sabWoTa saqarTve-
loSi, miuxedavad akrZalvebisa, eklesiebSi, did religiur dResas-
waulebze (qristeSoba da aRdgoma), gansakuTrebiT, sionis taZari,
momlocvelebs ver itevda xolme. erT aRdgomis Rames, verc Cven
– disidentma qalebma – SevaRwieT sionis taZarSi da litaniobamde
gareT mogviwia yofna. maSin taZrebSi, wirva-locvebi radioficire-
buli ar iyo da mRvdelmTavrebis xmebi mxolod fragmentulad gvw-
vdeboda taZris karebTan mdgom mrevls. garda religiuri wesisa,
disidentebi, sionSi proklamaciebsac vavrcelebdiT xolme da arc
amjerad Segvikavebia Tavi Cvens patriotul saqmianobaze; nana ja-
fariZem, cico arzianma da me frTxilad daviwyeT moqmedeba. rogorc
sCans, erT-erTma „mokavSirem“, Cvens mier miwodebuli proklamacia,
taZris ezoSi momravlebul uSiSroebis warmomadgenlebs gadasca da
Cvenzec miuTiTa.
uSiSroebis yuradRebis centrSi da garemocvaSi TandaTan veqc-
eodiT. am TvaliT saCino viTarebaSi, cico arzianma sityva dagvigdo:
„me TqvenTan ar var“o da ucnobiviT gagverida. zviad gamsaxurdiac
sadRac aqvea, magram masTan kontaqts axla, miTumetes, rogor Sevec-
debiT. da ai, sionis ezosken devkaca jumber kopaliani moemarTeba
ganuyreli svanuri qudiT. masze sworeba, gawev-gamoweviT, rogor-
Rac SevZeliT da nana jafariZem Cveni gansacdelis Sesaxeb yurSi
CasCurCula. Sevatyve, jumbers rogor ecvala feri; ramdenime wamSi
ki utyvad da ukusvliT gaiZurwa taZris xalxmraval ezodan. sax-
tad darCenil nana jafariZes sasowarkveTiT da gaocebiT aRmox-
da:“migvatova... gagvepara...“ es iyo reaqcia ulamazesi qalisa deviviT
mamakacis mimarT, romlisganac Cven mxolod moralur Tanadgomas da
gamxnevebas velodiT.
mas Semdegac, araerTxel gvigrZnia „Tanamoazre“ jumber kopa-
lianisa da misnairi „disidentis“ simyife, rac sabolood maT rea-
qcionur qmedebebSic gadaizarda saqarTvelos damoukideblobisa da
erovnuli xelisuflebis mimarT...
xolo, rasac jumber kopaliani zemocitirebul gamosvlaSi am-
bobs (aw ukve 2004 wels), calsaxad metyvelebs mis uwyvet, mtkice
kavSirze ruseTis kgb-sTan, romlis politikur interesebSia, rom
sakuTar istoriaSi, rogorme daamkvidros azri, 9 aprilis trage-
diisa da afxazeTis omis, erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis
liderebze gadabralebis Sesaxeb; kremlis politelitam, 9 aprilis
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tragedias, aki uwoda „danaSauli sakuTari xalxis winaSe“ da bralis
simZime swored qarTvel erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel liderebze,
zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavaze dado.
jumber kopalianic zviad-merabis Tanato-
lia da 1939 welsaa dabadebuli. igi ukve
wlebia dmanisis istoriul-arqeologiuri
muzeumis xelmZRvanelia da aqtiurad icavda
saydriss. savaraudod, iseTi „patriotuli
gulwrfelobiT“, rogorc „disidentobaSi“...
es e.w. patrioti, dRemde yovelgvari
meTodebiT cdilobs, daakninos 31 martisa
da 9 aprilis sidiade saqarTvelos uaxles
istoriaSi da sisxli qarTvelTa xelidan
moscxos am didebul istoriul TariRebs.
TiTqos, ar uwyodes, mtrebTan usisxlo gamarjvebebi msoflios
saxelmwifoTa istoriaSic ki.
„sawuxar ars, ese!“
leila comaia,
„ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №52, 2017 w.
677
jansuR Carkviani dadanaSaulebulia
SekveTil mkvlelobaSi
kompartiis nomenklaturuli poetis jansuR Carkvianis mTaw-

mindaze dakrZalvis gadawyvetilebas, biZina ivaniSvilisa da pa-
triarq ilia II-is mier (rasac daeTanxma mayvala gonaSvilisa da
rezo miSvelaZis mweralTa kavSiric), farTo sazogadoebis samar-
Tliani ukmayofileba mohyva. cnobilia, rom jansuR Carkviani,
biZina ivaniSvilis im favorit kulturis muSakTa siaSi iyo, rom-
lebsac ivaniSvili, yovelTiuri xelfasis saxiT 5 000 larze mets
uxdida da gavrcelebuli cnobiT, j. Carkvianis, arcTu xanmokle
avadmyofobis klinikuri mkurnalobis soliduri xarjebic, biZina
ivaniSvilma gaiRo.
mimaCnia, rom jansuRis dakrZalvis
adgilTan dakavSirebiT meti pasux-
ismgebloba da obieqturoba marTeb-
da gadawyvetilebis mimReb patri-
arqs, mweralTa kavSirsa da biZina
ivaniSvilis nebis usityvo aRms-
rulebel premier-ministr giorgi
kvirikaSvilsac. xolo, ojaxis wev-
rebs, unda daeZliaT mTawmindis pan-
Teonis cduneba.
rac Seexeba protests, Cven sa-
gangebod ar gavavrceleT winaswari
informacia saprotesto piketis Ses-
axeb, raTa Tavidan agvecilebina da-
pirispireba da xmauri im sakralur
adgilas da, rogorc aseTi, micvale-
bulis mimarTac ... da Tu vinmem daar-
Rvia es etiketi, daarRvies swored
gardacvlilis ojaxis wevrebma da sabWouri xanis e.w. kulturis
muSakebma. Cven ki sxva arCevani ar gagvaCnda da Cvens arCevanSic
maqsimalurad SemovizRudeT – mxolod orni, me da Tamar lomTaZe
avediT erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobisa da Rirseuli qa-
rTveli eris saxeliT... (ar viaxleT arcerTi mamakaci).
jansuR Carkvianis, rezo amaSukelis, iza orjonikiZis, Wabua
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amirejibis da maT msgavsTa, cofiani devniTa da damxobis mowode-
bebiT, SevardnaZis xelisufleba, tye-tye dasdevda prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias da saflavSic ki ar ayenebda mas, ris gamoc
samegrelos mosaxleoba iZulebuli xdeboda drodadro SeecvalaT
prezidentis saflavis adgilsamyofeli. privilegirebulma wiTel-
ma inteligenciam da xuntis xelisuflebam, ar darTo neba qarTvel
ersa da ojaxs, mowameobrivad mokvdinebuli pirveli prezidentis
sakuTar kolxur koSkSi dakrZalvisac ki.
2017 wlis 9 noembers es sabWoTa poeti Carkviani dakrZales
zviadis, qaqucas da muxranis saflavebis win, romelTa ideur mters
warmoadgenda igi mTeli Tavisi moRvaweobis manZilze. me da Tamar
lomTaZem ki mxolod mdumare protesti gamovxateT plakatebiT
xelSi:”nu gadaaqcevT mTawmindas nomenklaturuli mwerlebis saZ-
valed!!!~ `mTawmindidan gadaasveneT keke, griboedovi da Wabuac!!!~
jansuR Carkvians, arc 2007 wels miugia pativi mTawmindaze
asvenebuli zviadisTvis. Tako Carkviani ki avrcelebs tyuilebs
jansuRis arTqmuli monaniebis Sesaxeb da gana marto amas? ...
sabWouri tipis televizia „iberia tv“-i(romelic Carkvianebis
saojaxo televiziaa), jansuRis saxiT qmnis yalb patriots, yalb
disidents, miTebs, rom TiTqos jansuRs, arc sng-eSi Sesvlaze
mouweria xeli, arc zviadis mweralTa kavSiridan garicxvaze, rom
jansuRi zviadis TanamebrZoli patrioti „didi poeti da mamu-
liSvili“ iyo da a.S. am tyuilis kaskads Tako Carkvianma daamata,
rom TiTqos „saxalxo poeti“ jansuRi, mTawmindaze aasvena, lamis
naxevarma Tbilisma, maSin roca iq 100 kacamdec Tu iqneboda da
maTgan, TiTqmis naxevari, usafrTxoebis samsaxurisa da policiis
TanamSromlebi iyvnen...
xmauri da aJiotaJi ki, Cvens samarTlian da taqtian protestze
mTawmindis panTeonSi, Tavad Seqmnes pativmoyvare wiTelma inteli-
genciam da gardacvlilis ojaxis pativmoyvare wevrebma, xolo
Cven, moTminebiT aRviWurveT, miuxedavad, maTi mxridan sityvieri,
fizikuri Seuracxyofebis niaRvrisa da furTxisac ki!
axalSesvenebuli `saxalxo poeti~, 1993 wels, SevardnaZis par-
lamentSi moiTxovda erovnuli moZraobis TvalsaCino warmomad-
genlis, cnobili qarTveli poetis qalbaton TinaTin mRvdliaS-
vilis dapatimrebas, romelic imTaviTve win aRudga saxelmwifo
gadatrialebas da putCistebs! batoni jansuRis SekveTili mkvl-
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elobis msxverplia poet mTvarisa kereseliZis meuRle (aseve po-
eti), 52 wlis berdia beriaSvili – gazeT „cisartyelas“ mTavari
redaqtori, romelsac, 1992 wlis 17 ianvars, naSuaRamevs, saxlSi
Seuvardnen daqiravebuli mkvlelebi da avtomatiT sasikvdilod
daWres. xolo daWrils (romelsac mezoblebma upatrones), miu-
vardnen saavadmyofoSi, magram eqTnebma gadamales. Semdeg, daa-
rbies misi redaqcia, xolo stambaSi gaanadgures gamosacemad
gamzadebuli 16-gverdiani gazeTi, romelSic ibeWdeboda jansuRis
moRvaweobis mamxilebeli vrceli werilis mesame(dasasruli) nawi-
li. mokluli poetis col-Svili daiTxoves samsaxurebidan, xolo
erTerT iurist Svils, romelmac daiwyo mamamisis mkvlelobis ga-
moZieba, jer fuli SesTavazes da uaris pasuxad, igive daqirave-
bulma mkvlelebma, ramdenjerme scades misi mokvlac, daWrili
(sabednierod) gadarCa.
beriaSvilis poetma meuRlem, qalbatonma mTvarisa kereseliZem,
daqiravebuli mkvlelebis migzavnaSi, jansuR Carkviani amxila.
jansuR Carkvianisa da misi msgavsi poetebis mxardaWeriT,
samegrelos 6-jer Seseuli xunta, mSoblebisa da qmrebis Tvalwin
aupatiurebda gogonebs, colebs (maT Soris, fexmZimes), xvret-
da axalgazrdebs, xolo daxvretilebs ar aZlevda ojaxebs da
dausaflavebeli gvamebiT yarda quCebi...
uaxlesi istoria, wiTeli inteligenciis mtrobisa da Ralatis
istoriaa axalfexadgmuli damoukidebeli saqarTvelosa da qarT-
veli eris winaaRmdeg.
saagento „nius. ge-m“ gamoaqveyna Tako Carkvianis werili, romel-
Sic igi sruliad uapelaciod, me ruseTis agentobaSi mdebs brals:
`diax swored q.n leila comaia da kidev ramdenime viTom gamsaxur-
dias momxre~ e.w.karvis qali ”finansdeboda ruseTis uSiSroebidan
da axlac igive kaci agrZelebs, maT dafinasnsebas“, wers gaavebiT.
ruseTis agentobaze Tavis marTlebas namdvilad ar movyvebi, magram
imis interesi ki namdvilad mklavs, vin aris is Cemi „damfinansebe-
li“, romlis erT rublsac, jerac ar mouRwevia Cemamde.
mTawmindis panTeonis xmauriani protestis fonze, qarTvel ers
uTuod daainteresebs, Tu ra poziciaze iyvnen prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias Svilebi. am logikur kiTxvaSi gasarkvevad, Cemi ko-
mentaris gareSe gTavazobT cotne gamsaxurdias facebook-posts:
“Tsotne Gamsakhurdia – 2017 wlis 6 noemberi, 12:49-ze·
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axlaxans jansuR Carkviani gardaicvala 86 wlis asak-
Si. keTilSobili, mxne moxuci, kargi ojaxis fuZemdebe-
li, svani vaJkaci, romelsac uyvarda samSoblo da mis si-
yvarulSi daxarjvac SeeZlo da Secdomebis aRiarebac.
ramdenime dRea me da Cemi megobari Rati erTi, daaxlebiT amave
asakis moxucis daxmarebas vapirebT sakvebiTa da Tbili tansac-
mliT, romelsac aravin hyavs amqveynad. ojaxi jer 40-ian wleb-
Si dauxvrites komunistebma da mTeli cxovreba marto gaatara.
bina dakarga da axla nangrevebSi cxovrobs, Sexiznuli
dae, es daxmareba jansuRis suls Seewios, ukeTesi veraferi mov-
ifiqreT…”
xolo (rogorc macnobes), koko gamsaxurdia, misalmebia Tako
Carkvianis Cemze Tavdasxmas, sakuTar feisbukis gverdze amgvari
SeZaxiliT: „bravo, Tako!“ magram, vinaidan erovnulma Zalebma
Searcxvines igi amgvari saqcielis gamo, maleve wauSlia Tavisi
SeZaxili. Tako Carkvianis TqmiT, kokom da cotne gamsaxurdiam,
saxlSi misvliT miusamZimres mas didi mamis gardacvaleba. rac
Seexeba manana arCvaZes, man dumili amjobina sakuTar „mrgval
magidelebTan da erovnul mTavrobasTan“ erTad. araviTari pro-
testi! araviTari ukmayofiloba!
vidre jansuRis samgloviaro procesia daiwyeboda, mTawmin-
daze eldar Sengelaia medidurad miuaxlovda zviadis saflavs
da mediduradve daacqerda, razec me dabali xmiT SevniSne mas:
„prezidentis devnasa da wamebiT mokvdinebaSi Tqveni didi wvlil-
ic aris“-meTqi, ris Semdegac igi saswrafod gaecala saflavs. 1998
wels, vaxtang razmaZem, dabeWda werili (gaz. „axali saqarTvelo“,
19-25 marti, gv.15) eldar Sengelaiaze, sadac igonebs:
„e. Sengelaiam miTxra: „vaxtang, Zalian pativs gcem, ar xar
cudi adamiani da gTxov, nu emsaxurebi gamsaxurdias. daimaxsovre
Cemi sityvebi, magi daRupavs saqarTveloso“.
jansuR Carkvianis gaTxrili saflavis kurTxevis ufleba, mdab-
ali TxovniT, ar miveci saamisod momzadebul mRvdlebs...
jansuR Carkviani: “me maqvs imis ufleba, rom ar momwon-
des zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTvelo.” (j. Carkviani, “ganaTleba”,
25.IX.91 w.). misi “genialuri poeturi Sedevria”, agreTve, siZul-
viliT SeriTmuli: “zviadi – wyvdiadi”...
jansuR Carkvianis piruTvneli TviTSefasebaa sakuTar leqsSi:
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„mavTulze vdgavar, rogorc jambazi da meSinia Zirs Camovard-
nis“... es SiSi, mas uTuod, sikvdilis bolo wuTamde gahyva da sik-
vdilSi mainc Camovarda;
Carkvianis mTawmindidan gadmosveneba, mxolod drois sakiTx-
ia...
qvemoT vbeWdavT internetSi gamoqveynebul, publicisti daviT
mxeiZis statias Carkvianebze.
“Cven siyvaruliT did TvalebSi vuyurebT lenins”
ivlisi 26, 2017
ìmedis~ eTerSi inga grigoliasa da Salva ramiSvilis gadace-
maSi stumrad miwveulma batonma jansuRma Salva ramiSvilis pro-
vokaciul SekiTxvaze – lenin-stalinze leqsebi ar dagiweriaTo?
– iseTi tyuili daaxeTqa warbSeuxrelad, rom sircxvilisgan mis
magivrad yurebi me amewva: “leninze ara, magram stalini erTi-
organ myavs naxsenebio”, – ganacxada leninuri komkavSiris premi-
is laureatma(sakvirvelia, rom vikipediaSi araferi weria batoni
jansuRis leninuri komkavSiris premiiT dajildoebaze).
calke Temaa batoni jansuRis marTlac pirmSvenieri asuli,
qalbatoni Tamari, Takod wodebuli, romlis xelovnurad ga-
nabuli Tvalebidan dayenebulma “aristokratulma mzeram” lamis
naxevar saqarTvelos nevrozi damarTa. rogorc ki es qalbatoni
pirs gaaRebs da moralis kiTxvas daiwyebs, misi vizualuri sila-
maze ukvalod qreba. iyo periodi, lamis yoveldRe ijda sxvadasxva
televiziis pirdapir eTerSi da nebismier Temaze ise “profesion-
alurad” laparakobda, rom, erTi Zveli anekdotisa ar iyos, if-
iqrebdiT, am qalbatons “sayvelafro” aqvs damTavrebulio. gansa-
kuTrebiT damamaxsovrda qalbaton Takos erTi “frTiani fraza”:
“oo, ra didi gansxvavebaa CurkinTan mopaeqre alasaniasa da
putinis gverdiT mjdom nino burjanaZes Soris”.
da kidev _ yvela eTerSi qalbaton Takos waradgendnen, ro-
gorc publicists da axla vsvam kiTxvas: vinmes wakiTxuli gaqvT
Tako Carkvianis “publicistika”?
sazogadod, rogorc wesi, Svili ganagrZobs xolme mamis
gzas, magram Carkvianebis SemTxvevaSi, rogorc Cans, piriqi-
Taa – Svilma gadaiyvana mama liberalur relsebze, romelzec
sabWoeTSi aRzrdil, leninuri komkavSiris premiis laureatsa
da saqarTvelos “saxalxo poets” arasodes uocnebia, radgan,
682
rogorc e.w. elituri SemoqmedebiTi inteligenciis wevri, mu-
dam sargeblobda sabWoTa periodSi arsebuli privilegiebiT,
Savi “volga” iqneboda es, binebi Tu specmaRaziebi, saxelmwifo
agarakebi mTaSi Tu zRvaze, specsaavadmyofoebi da a.S.
batoni jansuRi moments ar gauSvebs, ar daitrabaxos, rom
Wabua amirejibis “daTa TuTaSxia”, zemodan sanqciis gareSe, la-
mis sakuTari sicocxlis riskis fasad dabeWda Jurnal “ciskarSi”,
es iseTive simarTlea, rogorc leninze leqsebis igavi. 1970-iani
wlebis dasawyisSi aseT TviTnebobas aravis apatiebda sabWoTa
xelisufleba. da meorec – sabWoTa xelisuflebisadmi daumor-
Cilebel da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis komitetisadmi araloialur
“saxalxo poets” xalxi metsaxelad jansuks (axalgazrdebisaTvis
ganvmartav: suki abreveaturaa da ase iSifreba – saxelmwifo uSiS-
roebis komiteti) ratom Searqmevda?
batoni jansuRi, agreTve, xSirad yelyelaobs imiT, rom
erTaderTi iyo, vinc xma ar misca mweralTa kavSiridan
zviad gamsaxurdias garicxvas, imas ki “ver ixsenebs”, rom
“lomTaxvedrias” avtorma, SevardnaZis sxva “SemoqmedebiT
inteligentebTan” erTad, lomis wili dado zviad gamsaxurdias
saqarTvelodan gandevnaSi. mkiTxveli SeniSnavda, rom batoni
jansuRisadmi mimarTvisas saxalxo poeti yvelgan brWyalebSia
Casmuli da es ara imitom, rom did poetad Tu ara, saerTod, po-
etad ar miiCnevs sazogadoeba. ara, batonebo! jansuR Carkviani
didi poeti ar aris, magram ramdenime kargi leqsi marTlac dawera!
amas winaT cekas yofilma maRalCinosanma miambo: rodesac
eduard SevardnaZe “leCkombinatSi” sasikvdilo sarecelze mwo-
liare nodar dumbaZis sanaxavad misula, damSvidobebisas baton
nodars, imJamad mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomares, SevardnaZisT-
vis uTxovia, gnebavT, anderZad daugdia _ mweralTa kavSiris
Tavmjdomared jansuR Carkviani ar daniSnoo. es ambavi, TviTon
SevardnaZem miamboo, irwmuneba cekas yofili maRalCinosani,
romlis vinaobasac misi Tanxmobis gareSe, cxadia, ar gavamxel.
daviT mxeiZe
http://geworld.ge/ge/
(statiis Semoklebuli varianti- l.c.)

gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“, №55, dekemberi, 2017 weli.
683
684
27 oqtombris saprezidento arCevnebSi virCevT...
CuCelas!
momavali saprezidento arCevnebis TariRis gamocxadebas, ro-

gorc yvelasaTvis cnobilia, uZRoda sakonstitucio cvlile-
bebis forsirebuli procesi, romlis ZiriTadi Sinaarsi farTo
sazogadoebisaTvis dRemde ucnobi darCa. miuxedavad imisa, rom
sakonstitucio cvlilebaTa proeqti, parlamentamde sxvadasxva
samecniero, saswavlo Tu sazogadoebriv wreebSi etapobrivad
ixileboda da mwvave debatebic imarTeboda, saboloo jamSi Cven
miviReT sakonstitucio gadatrialeba. es gaxldaT revoluciuri
sakonstitucio revanSi partia “respublikelebis” mxridan daviT
usufaSvilis spikerobiT, riTac ara marto Sekvecil-ayrili iqna
prezidentis ufleba-mosilebani, aramed TviT premier-ministris
uflebebic ki parlamentis kontrolsaa daqvemdebarebuli. anu,
“respublikelebis” sakonstitucio revanSiT Cven momavalSi viRe-
bT saparlamento respublikas yovelgvari plebicistisa da refe-
rendumis gareSe! xolo manamde, 27 oqtombris e.w. saprezidento
arCevnebis farsiT, saqarTvelos mosaxleoba, realurad irCevs...
CuCelas!
imisaTvis, rom erTad davrwmundeT “respublikelebis” mier
gaxorcielebul sakonstitucio gadatrialebaSi, gadavSaloT
konstituciis is muxlebi da Tavebi, romlebmac aseTi Zireuli,
revanSistuli cvlilebani ganicades;
Cvens mier qvemoT or variantad citirebuli konstituciis
muxlebis pirveli varianti warmoadgens “nacionaluri moZraobis”
konstituciur variants, xolo fonze dadebuli igive muxlebi ki
(SedarebisaTvis) – “koalicia qarTuli ocnebis” Sesworebul va-
riants.
Tavi meoTxe
saqarTvelos prezidenti
muxli 69
1. saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos saxelmwifos me-
Tauri.
2. saqarTvelos prezidenti warmarTavs da axorcielebs
saxelmwifos saSinao da sagareo politikas. igi uzrunvelyofs
685
qveynis erTianobas da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo organoTa saqmiano-
bas konstituciis Sesabamisad.
3. saqarTvelos prezidenti saqarTvelos umaRlesi warmomadge-
nelia sagareo urTierTobebSi.
saqarTvelos 2004 wlis 6 Tebervlis konstituciuri kanoni
№3272-ssmI, №2, 07.02.2004w., mux.5
[muxli 69
1. saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos saxelmwifos
meTauri, qveynis erTianobisa da erovnuli damoukideblobis ga-
ranti. saqarTvelos prezidenti konstituciiT misTvis miniWe-
buli uflebamosilebebis farglebSi uzrunvelyofs saxelmwi-
fo organoTa funqcionirebas.
2. saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos samxedro
Zalebis umaRlesi mTavarsardali.
3. saqarTvelos prezidenti warmoadgens saqarTvelos sagareo
urTierTobebSi.
(amoqmeddes 2013 wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento arCe-
vnebis Sedegad arCeuli prezidentis mier ficis dadebis momenti-
dan)] saqarTvelos 2010 wlis 15 oqtombris konstituciuri kanoni,
№3710-ssmI, №62, 05.11.2010w., mux.379
muxli 72
saqarTvelos prezidents ufleba ara aqvs ekavos sxva Tanamde-
boba, garda partiulisa
№3272-ssmI, №2, 07.02.2004w., mux.5
Secvlilia
saqarTvelos prezidents ufleba ara aqvs, ekavos sxva Ta-
namdeboba, maT Soris, partiuli...
(amoqmeddes 2013 wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento arCevne-
bis Sedegad arCeuli prezidentis mier ficis dadebis momentidan)]
muxli 73
1. saqarTvelos prezidenti:
es muxli TiTqmis srulad da mniSvnelovnad Secvlilia pre-

mier-ministris uflebebis gazrdis mimarTulebiT, agreTve am
muxlze damatebulia mozrdili calke muxli [muxli 73 I
muxli 74
686
1. saqarTvelos parlamentis, aranakleb 200000 amomrCevlis
moTxovniT an sakuTari iniciativiT saqarTvelos prezidenti
konstituciiTa da organuli kanoniT gansazRvrul sakiTxebze
niSnavs referendums misi Catarebis moTxovnis miRebidan 30 dRis
ganmavlobaSi.
[1. saqarTvelos prezidenti uflebamosilia saqarTvelos
parlamentis, saqarTvelos mTavrobis, aranakleb 200000 amomr-
Cevlis moTxovniT daniSnos referendumi konstituciiTa da
kanoniT gansazRvrul sakiTxebze, misi Catarebis moTxovnis
miRebidan 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi. (amoqmeddes 2013 wlis oqtom-
bris morigi saprezidento arCevnebis Sedegad arCeuli preziden-
tis mier ficis dadebis momentidan)]
muxli 75-is
2. prezidentis mier konstituciis darRvevis, saxelmwifos Ra-
latisa da sisxlis samarTlis sxva danaSaulis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi
parlaments konstituciis 63-e muxliTa da organuli kanoniT dad-
genili wesiT SeuZlia Tanamdebobidan gadaayenos prezidenti, ... am
muxlSi definicia „saxelmwifo Ralati” saerTod amoRebulia
da aseTi cvlilebiTaa warmodgenili:
[2. prezidentis mier konstituciis darRvevis an mis qmede-
baSi danaSaulis Semadgenlobis niSnebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi
parlaments SeuZlia konstituciis 63-e muxliTa da kanoniT
dadgenili wesiT Tanamdebobidan gadaayenos prezidenti. (amo-
qmeddes 2013 wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento arCevnebis Se-
degad arCeuli prezidentis mier ficis dadebis momentidan)]
Tavi meoTxe1
saqarTvelos mTavroba
№3272-ssmI, №2, 07.02.2004w., mux.5
muxli 78
1. mTavroba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad
uzrunvelyofs aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis, qveynis saSinao da
sagareo politikis ganxorcielebas. mTavroba pasuxismgebelia sa-
qarTvelos prezidentisa da parlamentis winaSe.
Secvlilia mTavrobis „xelisuflebis umalesi organod” gar-
daqmniTa da prezidentisadmi raime tipis angariSvaldebulebis
sruli gamoricxviT...
687
1. saqarTvelos mTavroba aris aRmasrulebeli xelisufle-
bis umaRlesi organo, romelic axorcielebs qveynis saSinao da
sagareo politikas. mTavroba angariSvaldebulia parlamentis
winaSe.
am muxlis me-4 TavSi:
4. saqarTvelos prezidenti uflebamosilia gansakuTrebiT
mniSvnelovan saxelmwifoebriv sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT moiwvios
da Tavmjdomareobdes mTavrobis sxdomas. sxdomaze miRebuli ga-
dawyvetileba formdeba prezidentis aqtiT.
prezidentis uflebamosilebani gaigivebul-gaTanabrebulia
mTavrobis wevrTa uflebebTan da asea formulirebuli:
6. saqarTvelos prezidenti uflebamosilia moiTxovos
calkeul sakiTxTa mTavrobis sxdomaze ganxilva da monawileo-
ba miiRos am ganxilvaSi, romelsac aseve eswrebian erovnuli
uSiSroebis sabWos mdivani da sxva wevrebi.
muxli 79
1. mTavrobis Tavmjdomarea premier-ministri.
asea Secvlili:
[1. mTavrobis meTauria premier-ministri. (amoqmeddes 2013
wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento arCevnebis Sedegad arCeuli
prezidentis mier ficis dadebis momentidan)]
2. premier-ministri gansazRvravs mTavrobis saqmianobis mimar-
Tulebebs, organizacias uwevs mTavrobis saqmianobas, axorciele-
bs koordinaciasa da kontrols mTavrobis wevrebis saqmianobaze,
moaxsenebs saqarTvelos prezidents mTavrobis saqmianobis Sesaxeb
da pasuxismgebelia mTavrobis saqmianobisaTvis saqarTvelos pre-
zidentisa da parlamentis winaSe.
am TavSi prezidentis ufleba da funqcia saerTod amoRebu-
lia da asea formulirebuli:
[2. premier-ministri gansazRvravs mTavrobis saqmiano-
bis mimarTulebebs, organizebas uwevs mTavrobis saqmianobas,
axorcielebs mTavrobis wevrTa saqmianobis koordinaciasa da
kontrols.
5. premier-ministri prezidentis TanxmobiT niSnavs mTavrobis
688
sxva wevrebs, uflebamosilia Tanamdebobidan gaaTavisuflos mTa-
vrobis wevrebi.
aqac prezidentis Tanxmoba da misi funqciac sruladaa amog-
debuli:
[5. premier-ministri Tanamdebobaze niSnavs da Tanamdebobi-
dan aTavisuflebs mTavrobis sxva wevrebs.
7. premier-ministris gadadgoma an misi uflebamosilebis Sewy-
veta iwvevs mTavrobis sxva wevrTa uflebamosilebis Sewyvetas.
mTavrobis sxva wevris gadadgomis an Tanamdebobidan gaTavisu-
flebis SemTxvevaSi premier-ministri saqarTvelos prezidentis
TanxmobiT ori kviris vadaSi niSnavs mTavrobis axal wevrs.
prezidentis Tanxmoba da funqcia aqac amoRebulia da sru-
lad miniWebuli aqvs premiers:
[7. premier-ministris gadadgoma an misi uflebamosilebis sx-
vagvarad Sewyveta iwvevs mTavrobis sxva wevrTa uflebamosile-
bis Sewyvetas. mTavrobis sxva wevris gadadgomis an Tanamdebo-
bidan gaTavisuflebis SemTxvevaSi premier-ministri ori kviris
vadaSi niSnavs mTavrobis wevrs.
№3272-ssmI, №2, 07.02.2004w., mux.5
saqarTvelos 2010 wlis 15 oqtombris konstituciuri kanoni,
№3710-ssmI, №62, 05.11.2010 w., mux.379
muxli 80, romelic exeba premier-ministris parlamentis mier
arCevisa da prezidentis mier wardgenis wess, TiTqmis sruladaa
Secvlili prezidentis uflebis gamoricxviT!
aseTive cvlilebiTaa warmodgenili muxli 80I, romelic mTa-
vrobis ndobis sakiTxs exeba.
689
, ˂ʭʲʰʲʬʩʨʹʯʨʴ ʫʨʱʨʭˀʰʸʬʩʰʯ ʨʻ˂ʰʲʬʩʲʨʫ ʻʴʫ
ʪʨʭʰʯʭʨʲʰʹ˄ʰʴʵʯ ʰʹ ʳ˄ʨʸʬ ʪʨʱʭʬʯʰʲʬʩʰ ʸʨ˂
ʽʨʸʯʻʲʳʨʹʨʮʵʪʨʫʵʬʩʸʰʵʩʨʳʹʻʲʨˆʲʨˆʨʴʰ˄ʭʴʰ
ʹʨʨʱʨˀʭʰʲʱʻʩʲʨˀʭʰʲʬʩʰʹʳʰʬʸʰ ʹʨʹʨʳʨʸʯʲʵ
ʸʬʼʵʸʳʬʩʰʯ ʫʨ ʸʨˀʰ˂ ͈ʽʨʸʯʻʲʰ ʵ˂ʴʬʩʰ
muxli 813 ʯʰʯʽʳʰʹ ʭʬʸʨʼʬʸʰ ˂ʭʲʰʲʬʩʬʩ
ʱʵʨʲʰ˂ʰʨʳ
1. saqarTvelos
ˀʬʰʺʨʴʨ prezidentisa
ʻʮʬʴʨʬʹʰ ʹʨʹʨʳʨʸʯʲʵʹ ʨʸˁʬʻʲ ʹʨʩ˅ʵ
ˀʬʳʨʫʪʬʴʲʵʩʨˀʰ
da mTavrobis warmomadgenlo-ʳʵʹʨʳʨʸʯʲʬʯ
ʫʨ ʭʬʸ˂ ʻʩʸʨʲʵ
ʪʨʫʨ˄ʿʭʬʺʰʲʬʩʬʩʰʯ ʳʰʰʾʵ ʹʨʳʨʸʯʲʬʩʸʰʭ
bas saqarTvelos administra-
ˀʬʫʬʪʬʩʰ
ciul-teritoriul
͈ʱʵʨʲʰ˂ʰʨ ʽʨʸʯʻʲʰ erTeule-
ʵ˂ʴʬʩʰʹ ʹʨʶʨʸʲʨʳʬʴʺʵ
bSi uzrunvelyofs
ʻʳʸʨʭʲʬʹʵʩʰʹ saxelmwifo ˂ʭʲʰʲʬʩʬʩʰʯ
ʨʳ ʹʨʱʵʴʹʺʰʺʻ˂ʰʵ
rwmunebuli
ʱʰ ʽʨʸʯʭʬʲʰ –gubernatori.
ˆʨʲˆʰ ʰʾʬʩʹ ʹʸʻʲ ʫʨ ʻʭʨʫʵ
ʫʰʽʺʨʺʹʹʨʹʨʳʨʸʯʲʵˆʬʲʰʹʻʼʲʬʩʰʹʹʨˆʰʯ
am muxlSi gubernatori
ʯʨʭʰʳʬʬʽʭʹʬ
savsebiT gamoyvanilia pre-
ʹʨˆʬʲʳ˄ʰʼʵʼʰʴʨʴʹʬʩʰʫʨʱʵʴʺʸʵʲʰ
zidentis
ʳʻˆʲʰ
daqvemdebarebidan:
[muxli 813
ʬ
1. aRmasrulebeli
ʳʻˆʲˀʰ xe-
lisuflebis warmomadgen-
lobas saqarTvelos admi-
nistraciul-teritoriul
erTeulebSi uzrunvelyofs saxelmwifo rwmunebuli – guber-
ʯʨʭʰʳʬʬʽʭʹʬ
natori.
...
3. saxelmwifo rwmunebuls – gubernators Tanamdebobaze
niSnavs da Tanamdebobidan aTavisuflebs mTavroba. (amoqmeddes
ʹʨˆʬʲʳ˄ʰʼʵʼʰʴʨʴʹʬʩʰʫʨʱʵʴʺʸʵʲʰ
2013 wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento arCevnebis Sedegad ar-
ʳʻˆʲʰ
Ceuli prezidentis mier ficis dadebis momentidan)]
ʳʻˆʲˀʰ ʪʻʩʬʸʴʨʺʵʸʰ ʹʨʭʹʬʩʰʯ
muxli 86 (SegaxsenebT, rom Cvens mier or variantad citirebu-
ʨʴʰʲʰ ʶʸʬʮʰʫʬʴʺʰʹ
li muxlebis pirveli varianti warmoadgens „nacionaluri moZrao-
bis” konstituciur variants, xolo fonze dadebuli igive muxle-
bi ki , SedarebisaTvis - „koalicia qarTuli ocnebis” Sesworebul
variants)
1. mosamarTle SeiZleba iyos saqarTvelos moqalaqe 28 wlis
asakidan, Tu mas aqvs umaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba da specia-
lobiT muSaobis sul cota 5 wlis gamocdileba.
[1. mosamarTle SeiZleba iyos saqarTvelos moqalaqe 30 wlis
asakidan, Tu mas aqvs Sesabamisi umaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba
da specialobiT muSaobis sul cota 5 wlis gamocdileba. (amo-
qmeddes 2013 wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento arCevnebis
Sedegad arCeuli prezidentis mier ficis dadebis momentidan)]
mosamarTlis Tanamdebobaze gamweseba xdeba aranakleb 10 wlis
vadiT. Tu zemomocemul pirvel muxlSi usufaSvilis parlamen-
690
tis mier mosamarTlis asakobrivi cenzis piroba minimalurad
(mxolod 2 wliT) aris gazrdili, am meore muxlSi mosamarT-
lis 10-wliani vada sulac uvadodaa Secvlili (ixileT):
[2. mosamarTle Tanamdebobaze ganwesdeba uvadod, kanoniT
dadgenili asakis miRwevamde. mosamarTlis uvadod ganwesebamde
kanoniT SeiZleba gaTvaliswinebul iqnes mosamarTlis ganwese-
ba gansazRvruli vadiT, magram ara umetes 3 wlisa.
mosamarTleTa vadis Sesaxeb am sakonstitucio cvlilebas-
Tan dakavSirebiT aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT is mware
gakveTilebi, rac qarTulma sazogadoebriobam sul axlaxan
iwvnia saakaSvil-kublaSvilebismieri sasamarTlo reforme-
biT da raSic „qarTuli ocnebis koaliciam” TiTqmis veraferi
cvlilebebi Seitana uzenaesi sasamarTlos arCeul sabWos Se-
madgenlobaSi da verc ubralo mosamarTleTa gadawyvetilebe-
biT miiRo samarTlebrivi Sedegebi.
„koalicia qarTuli ocnebis” saparlamento umravlesobis am
sakonstitucio cvlilebebiT ki, qarTveli xalxi, iRebs srul
da uvado diqtats sasamarTlo xelisuflebis saxiT!
Tavi meeqvse
saxelmwifo finansebi da kontroli
muxli 93-Si yvelgan amoRebulia prezidentis uflebebi da ga-
dabarebuli aqvs mTavrobas.
94-e muxlSi gadasaxadebis Sesaxeb cvlilebebisa da masTan da-
kavSirebul sakiTxebze referendumis daniSvnis inicirebis ufle-
ba, prezidentis nacvlad, eniWeba mTavrobas.
Tavi meeqvse
saxelmwifo finansebi da kontroli

muxli 102
1. konstituciis zogadi an nawilobrivi gadasinjvis kanonproe-
qtis Setanis ufleba aqvT:
a) prezidents;
[a) (amoRebulia); (amoqmeddes 2013 wlis oqtombris morigi
saprezidento arCevnebis Sedegad arCeuli prezidentis mier fi-
cis dadebis momentidan)]
691
3. konstituciis gadasinjvis kanonproeqti miRebulad CaiT-
vleba, Tu mas mxars dauWers saqarTvelos parlamentis sruli Se-
madgenlobis sul cota ori mesamedi.
Secvlilia:
[3. konstituciis gadasinjvis kanonproeqti miRebulad Cai-
Tvleba, Tu mas saqarTvelos parlamentis or Tanamimdevrul
sesiaze sul cota sami Tvis intervaliT mxars dauWers sa-
qarTvelos parlamentis sruli Semadgenlobis aranakleb sami
meoTxedi. (amoqmeddes 2013 wlis oqtombris morigi saprezidento
arCevnebis Sedegad arCeuli saqarTvelos prezidentis mier ficis
dadebis momentidan)]
konstituciaSi am bolo cvlilebiT maqsimalurad garTule-
bulia konstituciis gadasinjvis procedura!
Tuki erTi wuTiT mainc davbrundebiT 2011 welSi, anu im is-
toriul TariRSi, rodesac uCin-maCini miliarderi ivaniSvili
sruliad moulodnelad, meteoriviT SemoiWra qarTul politi-
kaSi da mTavar politikur partniorad, aseve yvelas gasakvirvad
0-reitingiani „respublikelebi” daasaxela, ar unda gagviWirdes
am Sedegebis axsna, rameTu igi pirdapirproporciulia ivaniSvi-
lis qvabavazakuri gaTvlis, romelic mas, didi albaTobiT pro-
gramulad hqonda micemuli misi sazRvargareTeli finansuri lo-
bistebisagan. ivaniSvilma, zustad da mkacrad gawerili saidumlo
gegmiTa da meteoruli siswrafiT moaxerxa saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
foebriobis konstituciuri ngreva, rasac CvenSi aqamde arsebuli
politikosebi mraval wels andomebdnen!
ivaniSvil-usufaSvilis politikuri tandemis mzakvruli geg-
miT, 27 oqtombers saqarTvelos mosaxleoba, prezidentis nacvlad,
irCevs CuCelas!
27 oqtombris saprezidento arCevnebis farsis Semdgom, bankiri
ivaniSvili meteoruli siswrafiT qreba politikidan!
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli, 2013, seqtemberi, №37
692
satransporto magistralebi – ruseTis axali strategia
saqarTvelos sruli okupaciisaTvis?
„saxelmwifos idealistebi da patriotebi aSeneben. vaWrukanebis,

mstovrebisa da karieristebis aSenebuli qveyana
aravis unaxavs!” karl gustav manerhaimi.
2014 wlis 24 noembers, soWSi, putinsa da xajinbas Soris gafor-

mebul xelSekrulebas de-faqto “afxazeTsa da ruseTs Soris inte-
graciisa da mokavSireobis Sesaxeb”, saqarTvelos mTavrobis mxri-
dan araadeqvaturi (arasakmarisi) protesti mohyva. gansakuTrebiT
im fonze, rodesac putinma xajinbas (afsuebs) aRuTqva, saqarTve-
los rkinigzis afxazeTis monakveTis amoqmedebisa da saqarTvelos
gavliT moskovi-erevnis sarkinigzo mimosvlis aRdgenis SesaZle-
bloba.
manamde ki ruseTma, ukve zafxulSi, daiwyo da intensiurad mi-
mdinareobs avaro-kaxeTis saavtomobilo gzis (magistralis) mSene-
bloba daRestnis mxridan, romelic unda movides yvarlis raionis
sofel sacxenes, anu ruseT-saqarTvelos sazRvarTan. es, ruseTis
imperiis, rokis gvirabis msgavsi(1975-1986 w.w.), XXI saukunis sax-
meleTo samxedro strategiuli magistrali iqneba.
marTalia, saqarTvelos mTavroba, ver dauSlis da verc aukrZa-
lavs ruseTs, Tavis teritoriaze, Tundac samxedro gzebis mSene-
blobas, magram misgan momdinare agresiul safrTxeebze ki xmamaR-
la unda miapyrobdes mokavSire qveynebis yuradRebas yvela donis
Sexvedrebze, rac ar xdeba. aramed, irakli RaribaSvilis mTavroba,
mxolod JurnalistebTan gakeTebuli susti komentarebiT Semoi-
fargleba. zemoaRniSnuli sarkinigzo monakveTis aRdgena, advi-
lad savaraudoa, rom saokupacio xazis mdinare fsoudan mdinare
enguramde gadmowevis aucileblobas warmoqmnis, rac „mcocavi
aneqsiis” procesis, aw ukve afxazeTis teritoriidan dawyebas
moaswavebs. zemoxsenebuli xelSekrulebis dadeba, 4 dekembris
specialuri gancxadebiT, gaaprotesta saqarTvelos kaToli-
kos-patriarqma ilia II, romelmac aRniSna, rom „ am xelSekrule-
biT ugulebelyofil iqna saerTaSoriso samarTliT sayovelTaod
aRiarebuli principi, romlis mixedviTac msgavsi gadawyvetilebis
miRebisas gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos neba adgilobrivi ZirZve-
li mosaxleobisa”, anu qarTvelebisa. “Serigebisa da samoqalaqo
693
Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi” saxelmwifo ministri paata zaqareiSvi-
li ki, soWSi gaformebul xelSekrulebas, saqarTvelos mTavrobis
„warmatebuli politikis Sedegad” afasebs. amgvarad amoyiravebu-
li politikuri realiebisa da antisaxelmwifoebrivi gancxadebe-
bis miuxedavad, premieri irakli RaribaSvili, romelic ministre-
bis aqtiuri cvlilebebiT gamoirCeva, paata zaqareiSvilis Secvlas
arc gegmavs. Tumca, studentebi, xmauriani saprotesto aqciebiT,
ukve moiTxoven kapitulant zaqareiSvilis ministrobidan gadaye-
nebas. studentebi, agreTve aprotesteben avaro-kaxeTis saavto-
mobilo gzis mSeneblobasac, swored zemoRsenebuli safrTxeebis
gaTvaliswinbiT.
ruseT-afxazeTis es xelSekruleba, rogorc saqarTvelo-
sa da zogadad kavkasiis aneqsiis gangrZobis faqti, specialu-
ri gancxadebiT dagmo, agreTve sruliad saqarTvelos muslim-
Ta umaRlesi religiuri sammarTvelos Tavmjdomarem mirTaRi
asadovmac. ruseTTan integraciis winaaRmdeg aqtiuri saprotesto
permanentuli gamosvlebi moawyves TviT afsuebmac, organizacia
„amcaxaram”, romlebic Tvlian, rom am xelSekrulebiT wertili
daesmeba afxazeTis damoukideblobas. xajinbas spec-samsaxurebma,
daSinebisa da represiebis gziT, sabolood aRkveTes opoziciis es
saprotesto gamosvlebi soxumSi.
ruseTis mxridan msgavsi „sadamsjelo RonisZieba”, saqarTvelos
saxelmwifos evrokavSirisa da natosken ucvleli politikuri ge-
zis gamo, mosalodneli iyo, magram mTavaria saqarTvelom ar Sea-
sustos Tavisi uryevi neba da ar daixios am gzidan. jerjerobiT,
RaribaSvilis mTavroba, adeqvaturia qarTveli xalxis absolutu-
ri umravlesobis politikuri nebisa da sajarodac adasturebs
am gezis ucvlelobas. amasTanave, saWiro da aucilebelia, saer-
TaSoriso asparezzed politikuri terminologiebis, status-qvos
- saqarTvelos istoriis Sesatyvis-Sesabamisi xmareba; magaliTad,
mTavrobis eSelonma srulad unda amoiRos TavianTi politikuri
leqsikonidan iseTi xelovnuri warmonaqmnebi, rogoricaa „samxreT
oseTi” da „eTno-konfliqtebi”, romlebic importirebulia ruse-
Tis specsamsaxurebidan da miznobrivad danergilia CvenSi Sevard-
naZe-saakaSvilis prezidentobis droidan, riTac ruseTi axdens (da
Cvenc gaucnobiereblad vuwyobT xels) okupacia-aneqsiis SeniRbvas
amgvari propagandistuli terminologiebiT. Cven am problemaze
694
TiTqmis permanentulad, daJinebiT vamaxvilebT yuradRebas Cvens
publikaciebSi, misi mniSvnelobisa Tu safrTxeebidan gamomdinare;
es terminologiebi pirdapir ebmis Cveni teritoriuli mTliano-
bis problemas, teritoriebis aRdgena ki, Cveni qveynis, upirvelesi
amocana unda gaxdes.
zemoxsenebuli antisaxelmwifoebrivi terminologiebi sru-
lad unda aRmoifxvras Cveni politikuri elitis leqsikone-
bidan da oficialuri werilobiTi dokumentebidanac! mxolod
amgvari gaazrebuli politkiT SevZlebT winsvlas teritoriebi-
sa da devnilebis dabrunebis sakiTxSi da integracias evro-at-
lantikur aliansSic.
2013 wlis 17 ianvars, biZina ivaniSvili, saqarTvelos premier-mi-
nistris rangSi, sagangebo misiiT, somxeTSi gaemgzavra, sadac igi
somxeTis prezident serJ sarqisians Sexvda. somxeTis teleJurna-
listis kiTxvaze: „rogor fiqrobT, gaixsneba, Tu ara afxazeTis
sarkinigzo monakveTi?“ ivaniSvilma upasuxa, rom diax, sarqisian-
Tan Cven wamovWeriT es sakiTxi da aucileblad gaixsneba. oRond,
saWiroa, ruseTisa da afxazeTis mxareebmac, Tavis mxriv gamoxaton
am sakiTxiT daintereseba. Cven gamovxatavT srul mzadyofnas da
dadebiTad varT ganwyobili am sakiTxisadmi“.
biZina ivaniSvili, am vizitis farglebSi, somxeTis patriarqsac
Sexvda. patriarqma garegin meorem saqarTvelos premiers mimarTa
TxovniT,raTa saqarTvelos skolebSi saswavlo sagnad Setanil
iqnas “somexi xalxis istoria“. amasTan dakavSirebiT, ara mgonia
logikas moklebuli iyos Cveni kiTxva: ratom unda iswavlebodes
saqarTvelos skolebSi mezobeli “somexi xalxis istoria”da ara,
vTqvaT, azerbaijanelebis? an, sanacvlo pirobad, qarTvelma pre-
mierma, ratom ar wauyena somxeTis eklesiis winamZRvars, adeqva-
tur “keTilmezoblur—keTilmegobrul Jestad”, somxeTis skole-
bSi “saqarTvelos saxelmwifos istoriis”swavlebis SemoReba? es,
ritorikul kiTxvad da kvlav axali satransporto magistralebis
mSeneblobis sakiTxs davubrundeT;
ivaniSvilis somxeTSi vizitidan, weliwad naxevarSi, ruseTis
prezidentma putinma, afxazeTis e.w. prezident xajinbasTan erTad,
2014 wlis 24 noembers, gaasajarova am samxedro satranzito magis-
tralis mSeneblobis gegma, soxumi-Tbilisi-somxeTi-ruseTis mimar-
Tulebis da umal Seudga am gegmis realizacias. kerZod, putinma
695
da xajinbam, am gegmasTan dakavSirebul Tanxmobis xelSekrulebas,
oficialurad moaweres xeli. am xelSekrulebis erT-erT punqtSi
aisaxa swored, ivaniSvil-sarqisianis, zemoxsenebuli vizitis dros
SeTanxmebis detalebi. putinma ganacxada, rom igi mzadaa moiwonos
es gegma, ris pirobadac man xajinbasTan gaformebul oficialur
xelSekrulebaze somxeTisa da saqarTvelos xelmowerac moiTxova.
Tumca, am droisTvis, biZina ivaniSvili, ukve aRar iyo saqarTve-
los premier-ministri da saxelmwifo saqarTvelos, axali pre-
zidentic hyavda. iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom premier-ministrobis
rangSi, am sagangebo vizitiT, ivaniSvilma ruseTis dakveTa Seas-
rula da dapirebulze adre, eqvs TveSi gadadga premier-ministro-
bidan. araRiarebuli afxazeTis prezidenti, am xelSekrulebaze,
warmodgenilia legitimur mxared, rac xelmoweriT unda daadas-
turos saqarTvelomac.
2014 wlis zafxulSi, somxeTis prezidenti saqarTveloSi iyo
Camosuli, savaraudod, somxeTSi SeTanxmebis detalebis, Tbi-
lisSi dasazusteblad. serJ sarqisianis vizitis Semdgom daiwyo
saidumlo molaparakebebi putinis TanaSemwe vladislav surkov-
Tan, visTanac qarTul mxares warmoadgenda, ara, saqarTvelos
xelisuflebis romelime oficialuri piri, aramed biZina iva-
niSvilis deidaSvili, biznesmeni uCa mamacaSvili. Tan, gasaTva-
liswinebelia is realobac, rom biZina ivaniSvili, am droisTvis
aRar warmoadgenda xelisuflebis oficialur pirs, premier-minis-
trobidan igi gadamdgari iyo (gadadga 2013 wlis oqtomberSi) da
sakuTar SuSis sasaxleSi cxovrobda, rogorc bankir-biznesmeni.
biZina ivaniSvilma am sarkinigzo magistralis sakiTxi, somxeTidan
dabrunebis Semdgom, 2013 wlis gazafxulze ganixila saqarTvelos
damoukidebel eqspertTa klubSi, sadac mas daupirispirda ekono-
misti lado papava, romlis argumenti iyo azerbaijanis interese-
bis gaTvaliswineba, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, saqarTvelo gaiCenda
mters meore samxreTkavkasiel mezobel saxelmwifo azerbaijanis
saxiT, romelic ar miesalmeboda saqarTvelos Tanxmobas, somxeTis
am sarkinigzo magistralze.
696
freS-niusis gamoZiebiT, am sakiTxze, uCa mamacaSvilma mouxSira
vizitebs moskovSi da ukanasknel xans misi 20-ze meti viziti daa-
fiqsira. saagento freS-niusi Seecada, uSualod uCa mamacaSvili-
ʫʨˁʰ ˂ʨʪʻʸʰʨʳ,
sagan mieRo pasuxi kiTxvaze: „awarmoebs Tu ara igi molaparakebas
moskovTan rkinigzis sakiTxze“, magram mamacaSvilma mis ofisTan Ca-
safrebul Jurnalists srulebiT araferi upasuxa. uCa mamacaSvili
moskovSi ganswavluli da moRvawe biznesmenia da igi saqarTveloSi
biZina ivaniSvils Camohyva. saqarTveloSi yvela msxvil bizness, mas
Semdeg, uCa mamacaSvili akontrolebs, riTac misiT Zalze kmayo-
filia ivaniSvili, romelic srulad endoba mas. igive mamacaSvili
marTavda biZina ivaniSvilis yvela bizness ruseTSic.
am sarkinigzo magistralis proeqtis farglebSi, saqarTveloSi,
araoficialuri vizitiT imyofebodnen rusi teqnikuri eqspertebis
soliduri jgufi, romlebmac daaTvalieres saqarTvelos rkinig-
zis teqnikuri SeesaZleblobebi. rusi eqspertebis didi warmomad-
genloba, saqarTveloSi, rusuli kompaniis matarebliT Camovidnen,
rac ar gasajarovebula. nacionaluri xelisuflebis aqtiurma
opozicionerma daCi caguriam, romelic biZina ivaniSvilis xeli-
suflebaSi dasaqmda da „saqarTvelos rkinigzis sazogadoebasTan
urTierTobis samsaxuris ufrosi“ gaxda, ruseTis matareblis sa-
qarTveloSi Semosvlis faqti damala. anu, yofili xelisuflebis
aqtiuri opozicioneri d. caguria, ivaniSvilis xelisuflebis lo-
bisti gaxda. somxeTis mxares ki Zalian ukvirs, ratom malavs sa-
qarTvelos xelisufleba am sarkinigzo magistralis mSeneblobis
SeTanxmebis sakiTxs.
ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, es sarkinigzo(samxedro) magis-
trali, araviTar sargebels ar moutans saqarTvelos da am mxriv
697
mxolod somxeTi isargeblebs. xolo, samxedro TvalsazrisiT, es
sarkinigzo magistrali iqceva, ruseTis dominantobis gasaZliere-
blad samxreT kavkasiaSi. somxeTSi samxedro bazis aRWurvilobis
gaZliereba ki, konfliqtebis eskalaciis SemTxvevaSi, omiT emuqre-
ba saqarTvelosa da azerbaijans, mezobel qveynebsac.
amdenad, eqspertebis SefasebiT, es rkinigza, wminda poli-
tikuri sakiTxia da warmoadgens ruseTis dampyrobluri poli-
tikis strategiul nawils. saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mxridan,
am xelSekrulebaze xelmoweriT, meqanikurad moxdeba afxazeTis
damoukideblobis oficialurad aRiareba saxelmwifo saqarT-
velos mxridan. amitom, saqarTvelom, oficialurad, aramcdaa-
ramc ar unda moweros xeli, am e.w. infrastruqturuli proeq-
tis gaxorcielebas.
ra vuyoT, biZina ivaniSvilis ramdenimeTviani premierobis
droindel molaparakebas somxeTis prezidentTan da misi deidaSvi-
lis, uCa mamacaSvilis, moskovSi vizitebis ukve Semdgar faqts xse-
nebul proeqtze?
1. biZina ivaniSvilsa da serJ sarqisians Soris, molaparakeba,
oficialurad ar gaformebula.
2. uCa mamacaSvili, ar warmoadgens, saqarTvelos xelisufle-
bis, arcerTi saxelmwifo struqturis oficialur pasuxismgebel
pirs, aramed warmoadgens Crdilovan mxares.
amdenad, am samxedro daniSnulebis sarkinigzo magistralis
(romlis mSenebloba, am dromde, xangrZlivi SeferxebebiT mi-
mdinareobs) mSeneblobis oTxmxriv oficialur xelSekruleba-
ze, saqarTvelos, xelmoweris araviTari valdebuleba ar gaaCnia!
saqarTvelos prezidentma margvelaSvilma, poloneTSi vizitis
dros, polonel eqspertebTan saerTaSoriso urTierTobaTa centr-
Si gamarTul Sexvedraze xmamaRla daadastura biZina ivaniSvilis
gavlena qarTul politikaze da iqedan mouwoda ivaniSvils, rom
man ar unda uaryos es. Tumca, saqarTvelos mTavrobisa da parla-
mentis warmomadgenlebi, jiutad uaryofen, ivaniSvilis CarTulo-
bas qarTul politikasa da mTavrobis muSaobaSic.
ivaniSviliseul mizanmimarTul, antisaxelmwifoebriv politi-
kad unda ganvixiloT afxazeT-somxeTis rkinigzis SesaZlo amoq-
medebis sakiTxi.
arcerTi sakadro sakiTxi, romelic xorcieldeba RaribaSvi-
698
lis mier, ar wydeba ivaniSvilis pirdapiri miTiTebis gareSe. aravin
icis, Tu ras daupirispirebs RaribaSvilis mTavroba afxazeT-ere-
vnis sarkinigzo magistralis mSeneblobis nebas, an daupirispire-
bs ki, Tu ruseTma xelaRebiT daiwyo rkinigzis relsebis dageba
mdinare enguris gadmoRma? aseT SemTxvevaSi, erTaderT imedad,
mxolod, qarTveli xalxis erTiani protesti rCeba, rom ruseTma,
aw ukve satransporto magistralebiT ver SeZlos saqarTvelos
sruli okupacia-aneqsia.
am SemTxvevaSi, cxadia, mniSvnelovani iqneba, saqarTvelos mTa-
vroba ar gaemijnos da ar daupirispirdes sakuTar xalxs.
leila comaia
gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №34 da №43, 2013-2014 w.w.
sakiTxze, publikaciis momzadebisas, gamoviyeneT Fresh-nius-is mier
momzadebuli video-reportaJi.
sagazeTo wyaroebSi gamoqveynebuli yvela statia, winamdebare

wignSi, dabeWdilia SesworebebiTa da SemoklebebiT.
699
xuntis represiebi
Teimuraz feraZe
axalgazrda milicieli, romelmac gamoavlina profesiuli

gmiroba da swored mundiriT warsdga qarTveli eris winaSe
saxelmwifo televiziasTan gamarTul mitingze 1992 wlis 29 ian-
vars. igi gamovida mRelvare da gulwrfeli sityviT damoukidebe-
li saqarTvelos Rirseuli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias dasa-
cavad. erovnuli prezidentis mxardamWer mitingze man ganacxada,
rom Sinagan saqmeTa saministros umravlesoba mxars uWers baton
zviad gamsaxurdias da piradad me sakuTari sicocxliT davicav
Cems prezidentso (iuTubze devs am mitingis video masalac). ax-
algazrda milicieli Teimuraz feraZe, agreTve, filarmoniaSi
Sekrebil sazogadoeba `Tbiliselebis~ Tavyrilobazec, 1993 wlis
18 oqtombers (es is Sekrebaa, sadac darbazSi mjdom SevardnaZ-
es irina sariSvilma pirdapir mosTxova, rom gamsaxurdia cocx-
ali aRar gaeSvaT samegrelodan, iuTubze devs es videoc) tribu-
naze gabedulad avida uniformiT da mimarTa maT: `Tqven iTxovT
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias Sepyrobas da likvidacias da Tqven
dRes ukve sastikad damarcxdiT masTan brZolaSi~.
milicieli feraZis aRSfoTeba gamoiwvia rezo amaSukelis
moTxovnam, zviad gamsaxurdias moRalated gamocxadebis Sesaxeb,
rasac darbazSi mquxare taSi mohyva.
Teimuraz feraZis moulodnelma protestma gaacofa nodar
lomouri da darbazSi myof miliciis sammarTvelos ufros daviT
zeikiZes, isteriulad mosTxova milicielis dauyovneblivi dapa-
timreba, romelic iqve daakaves. rogorc mogvianebiT gaxda cno-
bili, igi, mravaldRian sastik wamebasa da cemaSi sulierad daaava-
des. misi dRevandeli mdgomareoba CvenTvis ucnobia...
702
1992 wlis 7 ianvrisa da 2 Tebervlis mSvidobiani manifesta-
ciebis dros daWrilTa arasruli sia dedaqalaqis №1 saavadmy-
ofoSi moTavsebulTa:
baia nodaris asuli zambaxiZe;
amiran kviwiniZe;
murTaz asaTiani – Wrilobis garTulebis Sedegad mogvianebiT
gardaicvala;
avTandil dimitris Ze maxaraSvili – 31 wlis;
jemal ivanes Ze meliqiSvili – 28 wlis;
ana merabis asuli fanqvelaSvili – 19 wlis;
dimitri aleqsandres Ze ioramaSvili – 65 wlis;
kaxaber konstantines Ze CxeiZe – 20 wlis;
daviT givis Ze WyoiZe – 30 wlis;
SoTa zurabis Ze Saluxovi – 59 wlis;
avTandil solomonis Ze JiviZe – 30 wlis;
lia emzaris asuli baRaTuria – 21 wlis;
Tengiz ivanes Ze moZmaniSvili – 21 wlis;
avTandil vaJas Ze gogoliSvili – 21 wlis;
anzor qristefores Ze saxelaSvili – 50 wlis;
emzar omaris Ze kvaReliZe – 19 wlis;
garik aleqsandres Ze aleqsaniani – 40 wlis;
goderZi giorgis Ze jojiSvili – 35 wlis;
1992 wlis 3 ianvars metro „didubesTan“ daWrilebi:
guram zaalis Ze metreveli – 52 wlis

ambrosi vasilis Ze kobiZe – 53 wlis
pavle ioanes Ze guguSvili – 47 wlis
omar serapionis Ze gagua – 52 wlis
guram giorgis Ze yifiani – 41 wlis
jemal daviTis Ze torCilava – 40 wlis
lado kukuris Ze kikviZe – 23 wlis
naira bairamis asuli bairamova – 20 wlis
nugzar mixeilis Ze jafariZe – 44 wlis
vladimer daviTis Ze beruaSvili – 31 wlis
zaira aleqsandres asuli minaSvili – 51 wlis
703
neli anzoris asuli javaxaZe – 24 wlis
kaxa karlos Ze kobaxiZe – 24 wlis
giorgi Tengizis Ze xeviaSvili – 27 wlis
aram Saginis Ze aruTiniani – 25 wlis
gegam elvaxos Ze daneliani – 25 wlis
emzar nodaris Ze mecxvariSvili – 23 wlis
irakli oTaris Ze yvalaZe – 35 wlis
Temur giorgis Ze lomiZe – 30 wlis
besik JRenti – 45 wlis
qalaqis №7 saavadmyofoSi moTavsebulebi:
roin xuciSvili – 15 wlis;

Tamaz napos Ze logua – 41 wlis;
kukuri antonis Ze Ciqovani – 43 wlis;
oTar garsevaniZe – 54 wlis;
ivane JiJiaSvili – 50 wlis;
gela besarionis Ze kavTiaSvili – 14 wlis;
zurab CitaZe –
liana fanqvelaSvili – 30 wlis;
giorgi mixeilis Ze kulumbegaSvili – 43 wlis;
Teimuraz ioramis Ze gegeSiZe – 23 wlis;
revaz valerianis Ze mindoraSvili – 37 wlis;
nodar nikolozis Ze nozaZe – 58 wlis;
gela elizbaris Ze WiRuraSvili – 30 wlis;
vasil aleqsandres Ze javaxiSvili – 20 wlis;
gela gugulis Ze saxlTxuciSvili – 18 wlis;
nazi zurabis asuli epitaSvili – 30 wlis;
oTar kunWulia – 40 wlis;
daviT vaxtangis Ze Caduneli – 15 wlis;
vasil giorgis Ze bakaSvili – 63 wlis;
daviT vladimeris Ze mTvareliZe – 25 wlis;
Salva givis Ze SalvaZe – 23 wlis;
giorgi gervasis Ze kupataZe – 43 wlis;
vaJa Tabagari
ramaz iobaZe
704
vladimer saamovi – 65 wlis;
giorgi badris Ze giorgobiani – 15 wlis;
vaJa javaxia – 20 wlis.
1991-93 wlebSi, kanonieri xelisuflebis

samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebis Sedegad
daRupulebi:
irma dundua
25 wlis, qmar-Sviliani. simRerisa da cekvis saxelmwifo ansam-
bl „rusTavis“ mocekvave, 1991 wlis 28 dekembers opoziciis mier
rusTavelidan gasrolil tyvias emsxverpla.
berdia beriaSvili
52 wlis, col-Sviliani, mcx. TbilisSi, obo-
laZis q. №15, poeti, saqarTvelos mweralTa ka-
vSiris wevri, gazeT „cisartyelas“ mTavari re-
daqtori, kanonieri xelisuflebis momxre.
1992 wlis 17 ianvars berdia beriaSvili, na-
SuaRamevs, daaxloebiT 3 saaTze sakuTar sax-
lSi samma samoqalaqo formianma avtomatianma
pirebma sakuTar saxlSi sasikvdilod daWres,
romelic qalaqis №1 saavadmyofoSi me-9 dRes
gardaicvala. mkvlelebi saavadmyofoSic miuxtnen daWril po-
ets, romelic medpersonalma gadamala. beriaSvili daWrili iyo
filtvSi, gulSi da beWSi. misi sikvdilis Semdeg daarbies misi
redaqcia Zveli studqalaqis teritoriaze, xolo stambaSi gaanad-
gures awyobili da gamosacemad gamzadebuli 16-gverdiani gazeTis
Sekruli gverdebi, romelSic ibeWdeboda xuntis „rupori“ poetis
(SemdgomSi parlamentis wevris) jansul Carkvianis pirovnebis
mamxilebeli vrceli werilis mesame (dasasruli) nawili. swored
am statiebs ukavSireben ojaxis wevrebi berdias SekveTil mkvle-
lobas. gardacvlili poetis ojaxi wlebis ganmavlobaSi ganicdi-
da sastik devnas. misi orive Svili daiTxoves samsaxuridan, xolo
vaJs, bakur beriaSvils 5-jer daxvdnen mosaklavad SeiaraRebuli
ucnobi pirebi moskovSi, baqoSi da TbilisSi. dedamisi, poeti qal-
batoni mTvarisa kereseliZe dRemde inaxavs daWrili Svilis sisx-
lian perangs.
705
Tea olegis asuli Telia–talikaZe
daibada 1975 wels, gaTxovda abaSis raionis sofel maranSi. imis
gamo, rom „mxedrionelebi“ awiokebdnen da ayaCaRebdnen marnis mo-
saxleobas, Tea Tavisi ori Tvis SviliTa da meuRliT iZulebuli
gaxda droebiT abaSis raionis sofel noRoxaSSi wamosuliyo bebi-
asTan, magram mas md. cxeniswyalze, zurgidan „mxedrionelebis“
tyvia daewia. gulgangmirulma axalgazrda dedam ori Tvis Svilis
meuRlisTvis gadacemaRa moaswro da usulod Caikeca wyalSi. es
moxda 1993 wlis 8 oqtombers.
melor (babu) akakis Ze wurwumia

daibada TbilisSi 1929 wlis 20
ivliss. igi axalgazrdobidanve
Cabmuli iyo erovnul-patriotul
moZraobaSi. ibrZoda saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis dasacavad, aq-
tiurad idga saqarTvelos patri-
oti axalgazrdebis gverdiT. samx-
edro-kriminaluri gadatrialebis
Semdgom gaagrZela brZola kanon-
ieri erovnuli xelisuflebis aR-
dgenisa da damoukideblobis dacvisaTvis, ris gamoc ara erTxel
iyo xuntisturi xelisuflebis mier dapatimrebuli da fizikurad
nawamebi, ris Sedegadac gardaicvala 1996 wlis 10 noembers.
muxran (rezo) kilasonia vladimeris Ze

daibada 1947 wlis 24 Tebervals abaSis raionSi, col-Sviliani
– Svidi Svilis mama. mokles 1992 wlis 24 ivniss sakuTari saxlis
WiSkarTan ubralod mdgari (mayurebeli) miliciaze „mxedrio-
nelebis“ SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmis dros, moxvda milicielis tyvia.
gabriel (gabur) qiSvardis Ze isakaZe

daibada 1957 wels TbilisSi. oTxi Svili mama, erovnuli moZ-
raobis aqtiuri wevri. 1988 wlis 28 noembers mTavrobis sasaxl-
706
idan Camoagdo imperiuli wiTeli droSa, risTvisac daapatimres.
ramdenjerme awames cixeSi. marTlmadidebluri religiis dacvisa
da ieRovelebis mxilebisaTvis mZimed daWres uSiSroebis saidum-
lo TanamSromlebma 1990 wels. dekember-ianvarSi icavda kanonier
xelisuflebas mTavrobis sasaxleSi. monawileobda xuntis xeli-
suflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebebSi. daxvrita
xuntam TbilisSi 1993 wlis 31 dekembers sakuTari saxlis ezoSi
ojaxis mosanaxuleblad misuli.
amiran kalaZe
kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis uzenaesi sabWos deputati.
poeti, dramaturgi, publicisti, Teatrmcodne, mTargmneli. daiba-
da 1945 wlis 3 maiss samtrediis raionis sof. eweraSi. daamTavra
Teatraluri instituti. estonuri poeziis TargmanebisTvis 1979
wels miniWebuli hqonda estoneli klasikosi mwerlis iohan smuue-
lis saxelobis premia. 1993 wlis 8 oqtombers sofel eweraSi, Ra-
mis 9 saaTze mis ojaxs Tavs daesxnen samxedro sabWos mier wargza-
vnili SeiaraRbuli pirebi, romlebmac pirwmindad gaZarcves misi
saxli. amirani scemes, mere mdinaris piras waiyvanes da sastikad
awames, dauzianes Tavis qala. xangrZlivma mkurnalobam Sedegi ver
gamoiRo da igi sabolood gardaicvala 1995 wlis 27 maiss.
romeo carciZe
29 wlis, daibada rusTavaSi. ucolo, avRaneTSi mebrZoli. de-
kember–ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis saxls. 1992 wlis 7 ianvars wame-
biT mokluli ipoves Tbilisis botanikur baRSi.
anatoli nikolozis Ze lagvilava

daibada 1952 wels q. zugdidSi. 1989 wlidan iyo erovnuli moZ-
raobis aqtiuri wevri. ibrZoda saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlia-
nobis dasacavad samaCabloSi, afxazeTSi. monawileobda xuntis
xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos SeiaraRebul
ajanyebebSi. sasikvdilod daWres 1993 wlis 1 noembers, ris Sede-
gadac gardaicvala.
707
vaxtang valikos Ze nodia
daibada 1950 wels abaSis raionSi. mxatvari, col-Sviliani,
erovnuli moZraobis aqtiuri wevri, mxatvruli tilos – „ga-
mocxadebis“ SeqmnisaTvis (rac zviad gamsaxurdias alegoriul sax-
es warmoadgenda), xuntis gvardielebma xobSi marjvena mokveTes,
tani dauseres da Semdeg dacxriles 1993 wlis 29 oqtombers. misi
wamebis operacias xelmZRvanelobda xobis `mxedrioneli~ gamgebe-
li Temur gergaia, romelmac nawameb mxatvars wixli Caazila da
amomSral auzSi gadaagdo, sadac nodias amoxda suli.
gia mamias Ze nayofia

daibada q. zugdidSi 1961 wels. 1989 wlidan Caeba erovnul moZ-
raobaSi. dekember-ianvarSi iaraRiT xelSi icavda mTavrobis sasax-
les. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg samegrelos
ajanyebebSi, ibrZoda caiSTan, xobSi, ruxSi, foTSi, sadac mokla
xuntam.
soso gelodis Ze lenjaria

daibada 1972 wels q. zugdidSi. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisu-
flebis aRdgenisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi, mokles 1993 wlis
20 oqtombers xonSi.
merab gelaSvili
daibada TbilisSi. dekember–ianvarSi icavda kanonier xelisu-
flebas. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul
saprotesto manifestaciebSi. xuntis xelisuflebis mier 1993 wlis
26 maisis mSvidobiani mitingis darbevis Sedegad insultiT garda-
icvala.
lado xuxuSas Ze esarTia

daibada zugdidSi, monawileobda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRd-
genisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles xobSi.
708
artuSa Tedores Ze qobalia
daibada zugdidSi. monawileobda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRd-
genisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles senakSi.
jambul griSas Ze soselia

daibada 1964 wels xobis raionis sof. nojixevSi. monawileobda
kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi.
mokles senakis misadgomebTan 1993 wlis 24 oqtombers.
jemal akakis Ze jgerenaia

daibada 1941 wels martvilis raionSi. iyo kanonieri xelisu-
flebis gvardieli. 1994 wlis 11 oqtombers mokles rusma e. w.
„samSvidobo jaris“ jariskacebma zugdidTan.
zaza nodaris Ze pertaxia

daibada 1967 wels q. zugdidSi. ibrZoda saqarTvelos terito-
riuli mTlianobisaTvis sof. RaliZgasTan 1989 wels. iyo kanonieri
xelisuflebis erovnuli gvardiis wevri. monawileobda xuntis xe-
lisuflebis winaaRmdeg samegrelos ajanyebebSi, risTvisac eZebda
SevardnaZis xuntisturi xelisufleba. 1995 w. 2 noembers alya Se-
moartyes mis adgilsamyofels da adgilze daxvrites.
akaki artemis Ze qadaria

genisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles zugdidSi.
Teimuraz guramis Ze mesxia

709
edem mogelis Ze dakargulia
guladi vladimeris Ze kvaracxelia

daibada walenjixis raionis sof. jgalSi. monawileobda kanon-
ieri xelisuflebis aRdgenisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles
walenjixaSi.
valeri (vova) jodos Ze Todua

genisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles senakis misadgomebTan.
zurab anatolis Ze kvikvinia

daibada xobSi. monawileobda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgeni-
saTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles xobSi.
Tamar fircxeliani
daibada 1955 wels mestiis raionSi. mokles zugdidSi xuntis
gvardielebma 1993 wlis 14 maiss.
pavluSa gabedava
daibada 1951 wels q. zugdidSi. mokles walenjixaSi xuntis
gvardielebma 1992 wlis 6 ivliss.
oTar kalandia
col-Sviliani. 1992 wlis 6 ivliss walenjixaSi SeWrilma „mxe-
drionelebma“ adgilze cemes, daapatimres da TbilisSi waiyvanes.
iq kidev scemes da Seuracxyves, ris gamoc, gaTavisuflebisTanave
Tavi moikla.
710
avTandil giorgis Ze jalaRonia
daibada 1964 wels q. zugdidSi. monawileobda kanonieri xe-
lisuflebis aRdgenisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. mokles 1993
wlis 5 oqtombers foTSi.
rezo mixas Ze Sanava

daibada 1958 wels walenjixis raionSi. monawileobda kanonieri
xelisuflebis aRdgenisaTvis SeiaraRebul ajanyebaSi. 1993 wlis 22
oqtombers tyved aiyvanes „mxedrionelebma“ xonSi. awames. sxeulze
hqonda 62 natyviari, ris Sedegadac 40 dRis Semdeg gardaicvala.
aleqsandre samsonis Ze kvaracxelia

daibada 1944 wels q. zugdidSi. cxovrobda sof. jixaSkarSi.
monawileobda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenisaTvis SeiaraRebul
ajanyebaSi. mokles senakis misadgomebTan 1993 wlis 2 noembers.
nugzar leJava
zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis energetikis ministris
moadgile. col–Sviliani. mokla SevardnaZis specdaniSnulebis
razmma merab kostavas ezoSi mimdinare SimSilobis aqciis darbev-
is dros 1998 wlis 17 dekembers.
mayvala abaSvili
mcxovrebi sofel diRomSi. 2000 wlis 28 oqtombers Tavisu-
flebis moedanze gamarTuli mitingis darbevis dros sasikvdilod
scemes SevardnaZis specrazmelebma. nacemi abaSvili erTi kviris
ganmavlobaSi ugonod iwva Tbilisis №1 saavadmyofos reanimaciis
ganyofilebaSi, sadac 7 noembers gardaicvala.
goCa esebua
daibada 1967 wels q. zugdidSi. kanonieri xelisuflebis gvard-
ieli. ibrZoda saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad
711
samaCabloSi, afxazeTSi. ucolo. 1998 wlis 19 Tebervals moawyo
ajanyeba SevardnaZis antisaxelmwifoebrivi da xuntisturi xeli-
suflebis winaaRmdeg. mokles 1998 wlis 31 marts zugdidSi Se-
vardnaZis specdaniSnulebis razmebma.
akaki eliava
kanonieri xelisuflebis gvardiis oficeri. daibada senakSi.
1999 wlis 19 oqtombers moawyo ajanyeba SevardnaZis reJimis wi-
naaRmdeg. veragulad mokla SevardnaZis specdaniSunelbis razmma
zestafonSi 2000 wlis 9 ivliss.
goCa gvilava
akaki eliavas batalionis wevri. daibada senakSi. veragulad
mokla SevardnaZis specdaniSnulebis razmma zestafonSi 2000 wlis
9 ivliss akaki eliavasTan erTad.
cicino qevxiSvili
45 wlis. gaTxovili. Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis
fizikis kaTedris umcrosi mecnier-TanamSromeli. wm. ilia mar-
Tlis sazogadoebis wevri. qaSueTis eklesiidan nasrolma raketam
sasikvdilod daWra mTavrobis saxlTan 1991 wlis 22 dekembers.
gardaicvala №1 saavadmyofoSi 1992 wlis 2 ianvars.
meuRlis naambobi: 1991 wlis 19 dekembridan me da Cemi meuR-
le cico qevxiSvili Rames vaTevdiT mTavrobis saxlis win, sa-
dac momdgari iyo opoziciis SeiaraRebuli Zala. 22 dekembers
opozicionerTa mier pirveli gasrolis dawyebisTanave Cven Seve-
diT mTavrobis saxlSi. karavSi myofTagan ramdenime daixoca. maT
Soris iyo wm. ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri avelina pertia.
roca srolebi miwynarda Cven kvlav gareT gamovediT. „ena, mamu-
li, sarwmunoebis“ qveS idga wm. ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri
aCiko ramiSvili. Cemi meuRlec iq aRoCnda. qaSueTis eklesiidan
nasrolma raketam Cemi meuRle sasikvdilod daWra, xolo aCiko
ramiSvili iqve gardaicvala.
aleqsandre ZigaSvili
712
malxaz xurcilava
28 wlis. daibada martvilis raionSi. col-Sviliani. gvardieli.
dekember-ianvarSi icavda mTarvobis sasaxles. mokles 1991 wlis 22
dekembers mTavrobis saxlis dacvis dros.
gia esebua
33 wlis, col-Sviliani. daibada zugdidSi. iuristi. dekember–
ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasaxles. mokles 1991 wlis 23 dekem-
bers sastumro „TbilisTan“.
soso inauri
42 wlis. ucolo. daibada TbilisSi. mokla xuntam leoniZis qu-
Caze 1991 wlis 23 dekembers.
varazi varaziSvili
33 wlis. ucolo. daibada TbilisSi. musikosi. iyo pedagogi.
wm. ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri. dekember–ianvarSi icavda
kanonier prezidents da mis erovnul xelisuflebas. mokles sas-
tumro „TbilisTan“ 1991 wlis 23 dekembers. gardacvlili miiy-
vanes №1 saavadmyofoSi.
giorgi iraklis Ze gociriZe

30 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. mxatvari. ucolo. xuntis xelisu-
flebam mTawmindis parkis teritoriaze xeze mavTuliT CamoaxrCo
1992 wels.
713
1992 wlis 24 ivniss, kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis
aRdgenis mizniT, uzenaesi sabWos deputatis valter SurRaias
organizebiT moxda saxelmwifo televiziis Senobis dakaveba,
romlis drosac SevardnaZis xuntisturma xelisuflebam
daxvrita aqciis ramdenime monawile:
revaz broZeli
col-Sviliani. daibada TbilisSi. iyo saqarTvelos helsinkis
kavSiris wevri, daakaves televiziaSi 1992 wlis 24 ivniss. erTi
Tvis Semdeg 25 ivliss ipoves daxvretili mTawmindis parkSi. ojax-
is wevrebma Zlivs amoicnes gaxrwnili gvami.
daviT nadiraZe
30 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. iuristi. „saxalxo frontis“ wevri.
1992 wlis 24 ivniss mokles televiziasTan.
nugzar dvaliSvili
daibada 1947 wels vanis raionSi. cxovrobda TbilisSi. col–
Sviliani. 1992 wlis 24 ivniss daxvrites mTawmindaze.
nukri SoTas Ze arCvaZe

daibada 1946 wels TbilisSi. ucolo. 1992 wlis 24 ivniss dax-
vrites mTawmindaze.
lima giorgaZe
daibada TbilisSi. 1992 wlis 24 ivniss sasikvdilod scemes
televiziaSi, ris Sedegadac mogvianebiT gardaicvala.
merab sulaZe
daibada TbilisSi 1947 wels. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisuflebis
aRdgenisaTvis. 1992 wlis 24 ivniss daakaves televiziaSi, dax-
vrites mTawmindaze.
714
xangiz areSiZe
daibada TbilisSi 1934 wels. dekember–ianvarSi icavda mTav-
robis saxls. 1992 wlis 6 ianvars goga xaindravas `deviatkelebma~
daWres metexTan, ris Sedegadac mogvianebiT gardaicvala.
Tengiz sigus, Tengiz kitovanis, jaba ioselianisa da gia

yaryaraSvilis meTaurobiT Semdgarma xuntam, agreTve
daxvrita kanonieri erovnuli xelisuflebis mxardamWeri
mSvidobiani manifestaciebi 1992 wlis 3 ianvars, 7 ianvars
da 2 Tebervlis faqtebsac qvemoT warmovadgenT:
gizo xatiaSvili
29 wlis. ucolo. daibada TbilisSi. mxatvari, arqiteqtori.
1992 wlis 3 ianvars metro „didubesTan“ mSvidobiani mitingis dax-
vretis Sedegad sasikvdilod daiWra da 8 Tebervals gardaicvala
rkinigzis №2 saavadmyofoSi. mas hqonda sasikvdilo Wriloba Tav-
is areSi, agerTve tyviiT amogdebuli hqonda Tvali da moglejili
hqonda marcxena xelis saCvenebeli TiTi.
givi rexviaSvili
21 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. studenti. ucolo. daxvrita xuntam
1992 wlis 3 ianvars metro „didubesTan“ gamarTul mitingze.
gela xuciSvili
daibada cxinvalis raionis sof. TamaraSenSi. monawileobda
kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardamWer mitingebSi. 1992 wlis 3 ian-
vars daxvrita xuntam metro „didubesTan“ gamarTul mitingze.
kaxa arseniZe
22 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. studenti. daxvrita xuntam 1992
wlis 3 ianvars metro „didubesTan“ gamarTul mitinze.
715
levan TaqTaqiSvili
22 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. studenti. col-Sviliani. daxvrita
xuntam 1992 wlis 3 ianvars metro „didubesTan“ gamarTul miting-
ze.
tristan ceraZe
70 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. daxvrita xuntam
metro „didubesTan“ gamarTul mitingze 1992 wlis 3 ianvars.
besik JRenti
col-Sviliani. abaSis raionis erovnuli moZraobis erT-erTi
lideri. abaSis sakrebulos deputati. 1992 wlis 3 ianvars, metro
„didubesTan“ sasikvdilod daWres mkerdSi, mas Semdeg roca xuntis
erT-erT jalaTs is avtomati waglija da ganaiaraRa, romliTac
man erT-erTi momitinge daxvrita. besiks, meore jalaTma esrola
mkerdSi. saswrafom, mkerdSi daWrili besik JRenti, qalaqis merve
saavadmyofoSi miiyvana (masTan iyo da da disSvili) saavadmyofos
mTlianad `mxedrioni~ akontrolebda. daWril zviadistebs saer-
Tod yuradRebas ar aqcevdnen. ojaxis wevrebma, Sua RamiT, Cumad
miiyvanes eqimi, rogorc viTom naTesavi da ase daumuSaves Wrilo-
ba da saavadmyofodan RamiT gaapares. masze mravaljer moxda Sei-
araRebuli Tavdasxma.
elvard Wkadua
abaSis raionis mkvidri, col-Sviliani. 1992 wlis TebervalSi,
Sin mimavals, „mxedrionelebma“ mosTxoves Seeginebina zviadisTvis.
igi sruliad apolitikuri iyo, magram gineba ar akadra axalgaz-
rda kacma prezidents da igi 18 tyviiT dacxriles.
eduard Wkadua
elvard Wkaduas Zma, romelmac Zmis daxvretis ambavi ver ai-
tana. mas gardacvlili hyavda SuaTana Zmac. eduardic erovnuli
xelisuflebis mxardamWeri iyo. elvardis mkvlelobidan maleve,
gulis SeteviT gardaicvala.
716
ramaz alania
ori mcirewlovani Svilis mama. daibada abaSis raionis sof. nae-
sakovoSi. mokles „mxedrionelebma“ 1993 wlis noemberSi. mis saxl-
ze nasroli Wurvis namsxvrevi moxvda TavSi sakuTar ezoSi mdgars.
zviad zarqua
8 Tvis. walenjixis raioni. 1992 wlis ivlisSi zarquebis ojaxSi
Sevardnilma „mxedrionelebma“ Cacxriles akvanSi zviad gamsaxur-
dias mosaxeleobis gamo. gadawves zarquebis orsarTuliani saxli.
(analogiuri ulmobeli qmedeba Caidines „mxedrionelebma“ senakis
samSobiaroSi, rodesac mSobiare axalgazrda qals erTerTi maT-
gani mucelze daaxta – „kidev zviadi daibadebao...“).
lali maisuraZe
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias piradi mdivani
walenjixaSi, squris xeobaSi manqaniT mimavli,
vetmfrenidan damiznebiT nasroli WurviT mokles
„mxedrionelebma“ 1992 wlis 6 aprils, dakrZalulia
raWaSi, sof. wedisSi. gaavebuli „mxedrionelebi“
mdkvdarsac ki eZebdneno, aawiokes da gaZarcveso is
ojaxi, sadac pirvelad daasveneso, „beteerze“
upirebdneno gamobmas prezidentis
erTgulebisTviso, magram fexze dadga mTeli
walenjixa da amgvarad daicves micvalbulio, werda gazeTi
„walenjixis zarebi“ (3, 15-30 aprili, 1993,Tamriko kvaracxelia).
lali maisuraZis ojaxs,

dRemde ar mqonda saSualeba samZimris werili momewvdina
TqvenTvis. lali maisuraZe iyo saqarTvelosTvis Tavdadebuli,
prezidentis erTguli adamiani, rac mas ar apaties Cveni qveynis
uborotesma mtrebma, romelTac araerTi qarTuli ojaxi Semoses
ZaZebiT. viziareb Tqvens mwuxarebas, TqvenTan erTad vglovob
udrood daRupuls! igi saukunod darCeba Cveni xalxis xsovnaSi.
zviad gamsaxurdia
1993 w. 9 aprili.
717
werilobiT dokumentze elizbar javeliZis minaweri.
avTandil eliava
40 wlis. col-Sviliani. senakSi gamarTul mitingze gulSi
sroliT mokles „mxedrionelebma” 1992 wels.
koba cucanaSvili
daibada kaspis raionSi. axmetis batalionis gvardieli. 1993
wlis noemberSi daxvrites zugdidSi „mxedrionelebma“.
giorgi berulava
dabadebuli 1957 wels. mcx. Cxorowyus raionSi. gamsaxurdias
quCa. Sesax. №21. mokles 1992 wlis 10 Tebervals q. zugdidSi.
im periodSi, raionis centrSi yoveldRe imarTeboda mitingebi.
sanam mitingi daiwyeboda dilaobiT biWebi zugdidSi midiodnen in-
718
formaciis Camosatanad.
im dRes giorgis dabadebis dRe iyo da vexvewe ar waxvide–meTqi.
ar daiSala. mamamisis manqana gaiyvana da wavida, Tan ori amxanagi
wauyvania.
zugdidis SesaxvevTan daxvdnen mxedrionelebi da avtomatis
sroliT uniSnebiaT gaaCereo. giorgis SeSinebia manqanas wamarT-
meveno da ar gaaCera. mxedrionelebi sroliT gakidebian. biWebs
uTqviaT manqanas Tu ara Tavs mainc vuSveloTo, giorgis manqana
gauCerebia da samiveni iqve miucxrilavT. Cvidmeti avtomatis tyvia
hqonda zurgSi. ori daiWra. mxedrionelebma manqanac waarTves.
giorgi berulavas deda
abo gulua
dabadebuli 1942 wels Cais fabrikis mZRoli. mcxovrebi Cxo-
rowyus raioni sof. xabumeSi. mokles 1992 wlis 25 aprils.
aRdgomis wina Rames movidnen gvTxovdnen fuls, oqros, rac
Cven ar gvqonda. daiares mTeli saxli, angrevdnen, eZebdnen, ma-
gram sakbilo veraferi ipoves. Sublze avtomatmibjenili aiyvanes
sxvenze Cemi meuRle. iqac rom veraferi ipoves Camoiyvanes, gaxa-
des da col-Svilis Tvalwin sastikad scemes. esec ar akmares. axla
Cems qaliSvils daadges Tvali. erT-erTma majaze mokida xeli da
miaTrevda. Cemma meuRlem es ukve veRar moiTmina da Svils gadae-
fara. pasuxic agebines, mokles.
maT forma ar ecvaT, magram me isini vicani. erT dRes saavad-
myofoSi Cemi morigeobisas, am gvardielebma moiyvanes amxanagi,
„muceli tkiva da daexmareo“. me yvela maTgans vicnob saxeze, ami-
tomac kvantalianma meore diliTve Secvala batalioni. saswrafod
gadaafrines isini TbilisSi.
abo guluas meuRle – c. gulua.
merab kvaracxelia
31 wlis. walenjixis raioni. ucolo. 1992 wlis 16 ivliss mer-
abi jer daakaves walenjixis miliciis ganyofilebaSi Tbilisidan
Casulma mxedrionelebma da Semdgom wamebiT mokles.
nawamebi merabis gvami mxedrionelebma waiRes da gadaagdes
719
mdinare WaniswyalSi. misi esodeni wamebis mizezi gaxda prezident
zviad gamsaxurdiasadmi miZRvnili sakuTari leqsi, romelic mxe-
drionelebma mas jibeSi aRmouCines. qarTvelma faSistebma merabs
amgvari wameba ar akmares. mdinaredan gamoriyuli misi gvami na-
pirze gadmoitanes, benzini gadaasxes da dawves, raTa patronebs
da walenjixelebs ar SeecnoT igi da qalaqSi gaavrceles xma rom
gvami maTi gvardielisaa, romelic TviT walenjixelebma mokles.
merabis patronebma, romlebsac mxolod 8 dRis Semdgom aCvenes
damwvar–matlebdaseuli gvami (24 ivliss) Zlivs icnes fexsacmli-
Ta da Sarvlis naglejebiT (merabis dis monayolidan).
vaxtang goqsaZe
47 wlis. col-Sviliani. Tbilisi. maTematikis maswavlebeli. 1992
wlis agvistoSi vaxtang goqsaZe kanonieri prezidentis momxre
TanamoazreebTan erTad, rogorc devnili Tavs afarebda yvarlis
tyes. xuntam Cveuli faSisturi xerxebiT SeZlo SeficulTa tyi-
dan gamoyvana da zogierTi maTganis xelSi Cagdeba. maT sastikad
cemes da awames patiosani moqalaqe da niWieri pedagogi vaxtang
goqsaZe. amasTanave sainformacio saSualebebiT (televizia, gaze-
Ti „axalgazrda iverieli“, 5 seqtemberi, 1992 w.) qveyanas amcnes,
rom TiTqos daiWires „samSoblos moRalate da yaCaRi“ vaxtang go-
qsaZe. amasTanave maT xalxs auwyes, rom igi Sewynarebul iqna mTav-
robis mier da saxlSi mSvidobiT gauSves, roca sinamdvileSi igi
maT mier im droisaTvis ukve jalaTurad iyo mokluli. am utifari
satelevizio gadacemis avtori gaxldaT saxelmwifo televiziis
Jurnalisti zurab kvitaSvili.
mamuka zauris Ze teriSvili

mcxovrebi qalaq Tbilisi, norios aRmarTi №54–b. daibada 1974
wlis 12 Tebervals, mokles 2 Tebervals cirkTan.
megobris naambobi: videqiT sul wina rigSi, roca mivuaxlovdiT
cirks winidan gza gadagviRoba avtobusma da saxanZro manqanam. jer
wyali mogvasxes, Semdeg daiwyes srola winidan, Semdeg ki cirkis
ferdobebidan – avtomatebiT, roca mitingze mivdiodiT mamukas
dedam uTxra: – nu waxval, Svilo, ar mogklano! mamukam RimiliT upa-
720
suxa: – deda, Sen sami Svili gyavs, erTi Tu Seewireba saqarTvelos
da zviad gamsaxurdias, ara uSavso! mas prezidenti zviad gamsax-
urdia uyvarda, imitom, rom masSi xedavda saqarTvelos damoukide-
blobisaTvis mebrZol rainds. roca srola Zalian gaxSirda mamu-
kas vuTxari gaviqceT–meTqi, magram mamuka ar wamovida. gadavediT
marcxena mxares trotuarze da CavjeqiT. uceb davinaxe, rom mamuka
Setortmanda da gverdze gadavarda, rom vkiTxe daiWeri-meTqi? man
Tavi damiqnia – sityva veRar amoTqva. mas tyvia gulSi hqonda mox-
vedrili da kisris areSi. Semdeg mamuka waiyvanes №1 saavadmyofo-
Si, sadac miyvanamde gardaicvala. iq iyvnen televiziidan – grigol
CigogiZe da gadauRes. ojaxSi Senaxuli aris misi sisxliani perangi.
gamoZiebaSi ar CarTula milicia, ar aRuZravT saqme.
miSiko mgalobliSvili
senakis qronika
rodesac TbilisSi moxda samxedro gadatrialeba q. senakSi
mdgomareoba daiZaba. daiwyo mitingebi. momitingeebi moiTxovdnen
prezidentis dabrunebas. mec protests vucxadebdi xuntas. qa-
laqSi Semovida mxedrionis damsjeli razmi, maT aaoxres qalaqi.
dabanakdnen qalaqis centrSi da yovelive RirseSaniSnavi ucxo
mtriseuli mZulvarebiT gaanadgures. iaraRis ZaliT arbevdnen
mitingebs. 13 marts mxedrionma da gvardiam daxvrita mitingi.
erTi adamiani mokles da xuTi daWres.
senakis mosaxleoba mZime mdgomareobaSi Cavarda.
1992 w. 6 agvisto
l. m. maswavlebeli.
***
mas Semdeg, rac damxobil iqna erovnuli mTavroba, mxedrion-
isa da gvardiis nawilebi Tbilisidan wamovidnen dasavleT saqa-
rTvelos dasalaSqrad. maT mouZRodaT avazaki da recidivisti
jaba ioseliani. im avadsaxsenebeli dRidan, rac maT fexi dadges
senakis raionis teritoriaze, moqalaqeebs gauqraT Zili, yovel
Rame texdnen uazro srolebs, yaCaRuri Tavdasxmebi mSvidobian
mosaxleobaze, Zarcva–gleja, fizikuri da moraluri Seuracxyofa
yoveldRiur movlenebad iqca. adgili hqonda mitingebis darbevas
721
SeiaraRebuli ZalebiT.
e. w. „komendantis saaTis“ dros maT mokles axalgazrda kaci
– xviCa caava.
13 marts senakSi Tavisuflebis moedanze unda Catarebuliyo
prezidentis mxardamWeri mitingi. moqalaqeebma Tavi moiyares qa-
laqis centrSi. moulodnelad Camodga ori ungruli warmoebis
avtobusi. avtobusidan gadmovidnen SeiaraRebuli jariskacebi da
atexes umisamarTo srolebi. xalxis nawili gaiqca, nawili ki SiS-
veli xelebiT avtobusTan mieWrnen jariskacebs. SeiaraRebulebma
daWres oTxi moqalaqe da mokles erTi. me piradad Tavi Sevafare
yazbegis quCaze mdebare erT-erT saxls. vnaxe, Tu rogor sastikad
scemes dodo CuRiavas, mravalSviliani dedas.
moqalaqe R. d.
paata sulxaniSvili
daibada 1960 wlis 2 oqtombers, kbilis teqniki. 1978–80 wels
msaxurobda armiaSi. ar yofila komkavSiris wevri, mokles nataxtar-
Tan 1992 w. 6 ianvars. hyavda meuRle da ori mcirewlovani bavSvi.
dedis monaTxrobi: 5 ianvars gamouares „imedis“ wevrebma da
motyuebiT waiyvanes nataxtarSi, viTom puris saWmelad. is da misi
amxanagi uiaraRo iyvnen. rogorc Cans „imedis“ wevrebs davalebu-
li hqondaT gzebze kontroli da prezidentis mxardamWeri gvard-
ielebisaTvis iaraRis ayra. im saRamos saxlSi ar mosula. meore
dRes, roca prezidentma datova mTavrobis saxli, misi damcveli
gvardielebi gaaTavisufla (zugdidis batalioni da isini dasavleT
saqarTveloSi brundebodnen. zugdidis es batalioni, romlebic
ori didi kamaziT midiodnen, milicielebs dausxltnen da Semdeg
win naTaZis SeiaraRebuli biWebi gadaudgnen. ar vici pirvelad vin
daiwyo srola, magram amas mniSvneloba ara aqvs, radgan isini Tav-
is gziT midiodnen dasavleTSi da naTaZis biWebma moindomes maTi
dakaveba. am Setakebis dros daRupula Cemi Svili da daWrila misi
amxanagi, romelic saSineli xeibari darCa. eseni oriveni uiaraRod
iyvnen. rogorc Cans paata da misi amxanagi SeewinaaRmdegnen naTaZis
banditebs, radganac srola autexes gzaze mimavalT. paatas tyvia
ukan kefaSi aqvs moxvedrili da win gamosuli. e. i. zurgidan aris
nasroli. nodar naTaZis SeiaraRebulma „imedelebma“ mokles Cemi
722
Svili. Cems Svils iaraRi arasodes xelSi ar auRia, mas mxolod
samedicino saqme exeboda. ufrosi leitenati iyo medicinis darg-
Si. naTaZis garewrebs Semdeg „beteeri“ SeuerTdaT da ukana kamazi
TiTqmis mTlianad amoxoceso, es gaxmaurebuli ambavia, nataxtar-
Tan erTi avtobusi zugdidelebi daxoceso, rom iTqva.
tite dgebuaZe
dabadebuli 1954 wels. mcx. Cxorowyus raioni, sof. leseWine.
mokles 1992 wlis 15 aprils q. zugdidSi.
ar maxsovs meramdene Semosvla iyo mxedrionisa samegreloSi.
Semoiyvanes uzarmazari teqnika uiaraRo mSvidobiani mosaxleobis
winaaRmdeg. zugdidSi mainc imarTeboda mravalaTasiani mitingebi
prezidentis mxardasaWerad, rac yovelTvis darbeviT mTavrdebo-
da.
im dRes mitingis Semdeg me sofelSi davbrundi Cems Tanaso-
flelebTan erTad. Cemi Zma, tite ki darCa zugdidSi, axloblis
ojaxSi, raTa meore dResac daswreboda mitings. rogorc Semdeg
miambes, Ramis sam saaTze, saxls miadga „beteeri“ SeiaraRebuli
gvardielebiT. sroliT Semovardnen. dalewes fanjrebi, daarbies
saxli, sastikad cemes ojaxis ufrosi. Cems Zmas uyviria, ratom
gvarbevT, ra dagiSaveTo. amis Semdeg sawyali titesaTvis mou-
cliaT: jer ena amoaWres, es xmis amoRebisTviso, Semdeg avtomatis
jeri CasTxares pirSi, esec megrelobisTvisao.
SemdegSi rogorc gavigeT, Turme im Rames prezidentis momxre-
Ta siebi dahqondaT da ase daawiokes mravali ojaxi.
tite dgebuaZis Zma v. dgebuaZe.
mixeil foladaSvili
50 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col-Sviliani. wm. ilia marTlis
sazogadoebis wevri. sasikdvilod daWra xuntam 1992 wlis 3 ian-
vars metro „didubesTan“ gamarTul mitingis dros. gardaicvala
11 ianvars qalaqis №9 saavadmyofoSi.
723
baadur mWedliSvili
55 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. arqeologi. daxvrita
xuntam 1992 wlis 7 ianvars metro „delisTan“ gamarTul mitingze.
tariel xerkelaZe
41 wlis. daxvrita xuntam 1992 wlis 2 Tebervals gamarTuli
manifestaciis dros cirkTan.
aleko davaraSvili
daxvrita xuntam 1992 wlis 2 Tebervals gamarTuli mani-
festaciis dros cirkTan.
zurab didebaSvili
17 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. daxvrita xuntam 1992 wlis 2 Teber-
vals gamarTul manifestaciis dros cirkTan.
zurab javaxiSvili
15 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. daxvrita xuntam 1992 wlis 2 Teber-
vals gamarTul manifestaciis dros cirkTan.
iuri talaxaZe
1992 wlis 2 Tebervals gamarTuli manifestaciis dros marjaniS-
vilis quCaze.
imeda WanturiZe
17 wlis. studenti. daibada TbilisSi. daxvrita xuntam 1992
wlis 2 Tebervals gamarTul manifestaciis dros marjaniSvilis
quCaze. gardaicvala №7 saavadmyofoSi 3 Tebervals.
724
goderZi jojiSvili giorgis Ze
25 wlis col-Sviliani, yavs erTi Svili
cxovrobs Tbilisi, ivaniZis q. №12
daiWra 2 Tebervals mitingis msvlelobis dros. tyvia moxv-
da beWSi. dazianebuli aqvs marjvena xeli, tyvia moxvda da Semdeg
gamovida marjvena loyaze, xelze dazianebuli aqvs centraluri
nervi da arc aRsdgeba.
dRes aris invalidi.
mimoza janaSia-Selia
daibada 1948 wels 17 ivniss zugdidis sof. caiSSi. 1992 wlis
9 Tebervals „mxedrionelebi“ Tavs daesxnen zaur Selias ojaxs.
mimoza janaSia – Seliam scada meuRlis- zauris dacva banditebi-
sagan, ris gamoc mimoza dacxriles, xolo Tavad zauri ki daWres.
ojaxi gaZarcves.
robert (mamuka) zauris Ze ratia

daibada 1963 wels zugdidis sof. oqtomberSi. maswavlebeli.
erovnul moZraobaSi Caeba 1989 wlis 9 aprilidan. mokla xuntam
1993 wlis 4 marts zugdiSi `mxedrionelebma~.
simon (gia) SoTas Ze kinwuraSvili

daibada 1957 wels zugdidis sof. oqtomberSi. maTematikosi.
iyo sof. oqtombris skolis direqtori. erovnul moZraobaSi Caeba
1989 wlis 9 aprilidan. dekember-ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasax-
les. 1993 wlis 4 marts mokles zugdidSi „mxedrionelebma“.
Tengiz (kiroki) bulia

daibada 1956 wels q. zugdidSi. monawileobda samegrelos
ajanyebebSixuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg. 1993 wlis 4 noembers
mokles wamebiT kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenisaTvis brZolaSi.
725
daviT arCilis Ze lolaZe
daibada 1966 wels TbilisSi. ucolo. monawileobda xuntis wi-
naaRmdeg mimarTul „yvarlis tyis“ ajanyebaSi, risTvisac daapa-
timres da miusajes 10 weli. cixeSi wamebis Sedegad daavadda. gar-
daicvala 1997 w. 13 ivniss.
rezo miqiaSvili
42 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. inJineri. mokla xuntam 1991 wlis
26 dekembers Tavdacvis saministrosTan.
sergo baidaSvili
36 wlis. col–Sviliani. mexanZre. daibada TbilisSi. mokla xun-
tam 1991 wlis 27 dekembers uSiSroebis SenobasTan samsaxureobrivi
movaleobis Sesrulebis dros.
Tengiz qajaia
28 wlis. ucolo. xobis raionis helsinkis kavSiris wevri. de-
kember-ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasaxles. mokles 1991 wlis 27
dekembers mTavrobis sasaxlesTan. Svilis daRupvas ver gauZlo
mamis gulma da male isic infarqtiT gardaicvala.
vaxtang amirejibi
27 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. geograf–geologi.
dekember-ianvarSi imyofeboda mTavrobis sasaxleSi dedamisTan –
gazeT „svobodnaia gruzias“ redaqtor ia bagration–muxranelTan
erTad, sadac daiRupa 1991 wlis 29 dekembers.
gia SalikaSvili
27 wlis. col-Sviliani. daibada lanCxuTis raionSi. dekember–
ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasaxles. mokles 1991 wlis 29 dekem-
bers.
726
malxaz xurcilava
daibada 1963 wels q. zugdidSi. dekember–ianvarSi icavda mTav-
robis sasaxles. mokles 1991 wlis 22 dekembers.
giorgi tetelaSvili
29 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. inJineri. wm. ilia
marTlis sazogadoebis wevri. mokles SeiaraRebulma opozicio-
nerebma mTavrobis saxlTan 1991 wlis 5 oqtombers.
badri yavlaSvili
23 wlis. sportsmeni. daibada TbilisSi. Sinagan saqmeTa samin-
istros TanamSromeli. mokles SeiaraRebulma opozicionerebma
didubeSi „Telasze“ ganxorcielebuli Tavdasxmis dros samsaxu-
reobrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas.
mamuka buTiaSvili
25 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. 1992 wlis maisSi mTvralma xuntis
gvardielebma daniT akuwes. masTan erTad daWres mamukas colis
Zma da kidev 4 biWi.
Tamaz tabiZe
18 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. studenti. 1992 wlis 16 aprils met-
ro „marjaniSvilTan“ mokla mTvralma xuntis gvardielma. garda-
icvala №7 saavadmyofoSi.
naTela daviTis asuli Todria–anTelava

mokles zugdidSi xuntis band–formirebebma.
vladimer iaSvili
49 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. mokla xuntam operis
TeatrTan 1991 wlis 22 dekembers.
727
zurab bendeliani
42 wlis. daibada lentexis raionSi. col–Svilviani. 1991 wlis
22 dekembers mokla vaJa adamias SeiaraRebulma razmma saxelmwifo
muzeumis win.
serioJa kalandia
45 wlis. daibada martvilSi. col-Sviliani. pedagogi. dekem-
ber-ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis saxls. mokles 1991 wlis 22 dekem-
bers mTavrobis saxlTlan.
arkadi markozia
61 wlis. col-Sviliani. cxum-afxazeTis wm. ilia marTlis sazo-
gadoebis spikeri. uzenaesi sabWos deputati. mokles 1991 wlis 22
dekembers mTavrobis saxlTan vaJa adamias SeiaraRebulma razmebma.
arCil ramiSvili
45 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col-Sviliani. wm. ilia marTlis gam-
geobis wevri. mokla qaSueTis eklesiidan nasrolma raketam mTav-
robis saxlis win 1991 wlis 22 dekembers.
avelina pertia
34 wlis. gauTxovari. wm. ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri.
ekonomisti. mokla qaSueTis eklesiidan nasrolma raketam mTav-
robis saxlis win 1991 wlis 22 dekembers.
mamuka nikoleiSvili
39 wlis. ucolo. ibrZoda avRaneTSi. daibada rusTavSi. mokles
1991 wlis 25 dekembers Tavdacvis saministrosTan putCistebma.
laSa cindeliani
26 wlis. iuristi. col-Sviliani. daibada TbilisSi. mokles
mTavrobis saxlTan 1991 wlis 25 dekembers.
728
guram mWedliSvili
39 wlis. col-Sviliani. daibada TbilisSi. mokla xuntam Znela-
Zis quCaze sakuTar manqanaSi 1991 wlis 26 dekembers. gardacvlili
miiyvanes qalaqis me-9 saavadmyofoSi.
kote kapanaZe
44 wlis iyo. mokla xuntam samxatvro akademiis win sakuTar
manqanaSi. gardacvlili miiyvanes qalaqis №1 saavadmyofSi.
daTo xelaSvili
30 wlis. col-Sviliani. daibada TbilisSi. milicieli. mokles
1991 wlis 26 dekembers mTavrobis sasaxlesTan. iyo wm. ilia mar-
Tlis sazogadoebis wevri.
giorgi karapetiani
68 wlis. col-Sviliani. daibada TbilisSi. inJineri. kanonieri
xelisuflebis momxre. samsaxurSi mimavali mokla xuntam rusTav-
elis prospeqtze, 1991 wlis 26 dekembers.
nikoloz sidamoniZe
65 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. Cacxrila xuntam sa-
kuTar manqanaSi samsaxurSi mimavali 1991 wlis 31 dekembers abano-
TubanSi.
paata SaraSeniZe
20 wlis. ucolo. daibada TbilisSi. Sinagan saqmeTa saminis-
tros TanamSromeli. sasikvdilod daWra kitovanis gvardielebma
WonqaZis quCaze iaraRis warTmevis mizniT 1991 wlis 31 dekembers.
daWrili imave dRes gardaicvala Sinagan saqmeTa saministros saa-
vadmyofoSi.
729
besik ficxelauri
1992 wlis 2 ianvars mTavrobis saxlTan.
irakli Jvania
daibada 1933 wels zugdidSi. mokles mTavrobis sasaxlesTan
1991 wlis 22 dekembers.
anzor (mitrofane) ermines Ze Sengelia

daibada 1954 wels 18 aprils zugdidis sof. kokSi. 1980 wels
daamTavra soxumis pedagogiuri institutis istoriis fakulteti.
dekember–ianvarSi icavda kanonier xelisuflebas TbilisSi. mok-
les 1991 wlis 27 dekembers.
nugzar RviniaSvili
19 wlis. musikosi. daibada TbilisSi. xuntam sasikvdilod daW-
ra 1992 wlis 6 ianvars. gardaicvala respublikur saavadmyofoSi
1992 wlis 23 marts. mas moxvedrili hqonda 4 tyvia Tavis areSi, 4
gulmkerdSi, erTi welis areSi da erTic terfSi.
Tamaz kakulia
36 wlis. daibada q. foTSi. col-Sviliani. pedagogi. dekember–
ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasaxles. 1992 wlis 6 ianvars Cacxrila
goga xaindravas `deviatkam~ avtobusSi metexTan.
gogi (giorgi) gabroSvili

38 wlis. daibada gorSi. col–Sviliani. miliciis maiori. dekem-
ber-ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasaxles. Cacxrila goga xaindravas
`deviatkam~ 1992 wlis 6 ianvars avtobusSi metexTan. iyo wm. ilia
marTlis sazogadoebis wevri.
eduard velodis Ze wifuria

daibada 1976 wlis 8 noembers. skola daamTavra 1993 wels.
mokles 10 oqtombers foTSi.
730
qeTevan jervaliZe – badri guguSvili didi adamiani,
bumberazi kaci iyo!
niWieri poeti badri guguSvili kanon-

ieri erovnuli xelisuflebis momx-
re-mxardamWeri iyo, Cemi ojaxis mego-
bari Tavis ojaxTan erTad. erTxelac,
rusTavelze, `demokratiisTvis~ me-
brZolma mwerlukebma daxlebi rom
gamarTes `meranis~ win, gamoiara badrim
da Tavisi bubuna xmiT uTxra: geTqvaT,
wignebiT vaWroba rom gewadaT da Cveni
prezidenti amis uflebas namdvilad
mogcemdaT, amisTvis akakanebdiT avto-
matebso? im mwerlukebSi iyo omar Tur-
manaulic, romelmac „demokratia rom
daamyara“, safrangeTSi mousva da dRemde iq aris. unda genaxaT im
banditebis boRmiT gadaglesili saxeebi, badri ki iRimeboda ise,
rogorc am suraTSia. amis me TviTon var Semswre...
TmaxuWuWa, axalgazrda poetma badri guguSvilma, erovnuli xe-
lisuflebis damxobis gamo xangrZliv depresias ver gauZlo da ra-
modenime wlis merme Tavi CamoixrCo, unugeSod datova col-Svili...
TviTmkvlelis robai
(badri guguSvilis Sesandobari)
sikeTis mcveli, borotebas utevdi SubliT,
wiTel paraskevs, megobaro, ganaskve yulfi...
iqneba, wamiT Cagisaxlda sulSi iuda? –
yvelas magier moicile gamcemi uflis...
elguja mebonia, 06.12.2015 w. Tbilisi.
731
aleqsandra gabunia
gizo xatiaSvili – GIZO KHATIASHVILI

maradisobis gaelveba
„ar isrolo, biWo, qarTveli ara xar?! ar isrolo!“ – am si-

tyvebs mxatvari gizo xatiaSvili ramdenjerme gaimeorebs: pirve-
lad – 1992 wlis 3 ianvars TbilisSi, didubis metrosTan, mSvido-
biani mitingis monawileTa darbevis dros, Semdeg ki – agoniaSi,
Tavis areSi mZimed daWrili da saavadmyofos reanimaciul ganyo-
filebaSi sikvdilTan mebrZoli...
man 35 dRe icocxla, 1992 wlis 8 Tebervals ki 29 wlisa gar-
daicvala.
mxatvar gizo xatiaSvilis cxovrebis saaTi maSin gaCerda,
rodesac Cveni qalaqi omma moicva, naTesavi naTesavs gadaemtera,
mezoblebi erTmaneTs waekidnen... TiTqos daviwyebodaT, rom si-
cocxle xanmoklea da, rogorc adamianebs, erTmaneTis mofrTx-
ilebac avaliaT. egeb, piriqiTac xdeboda: urTierTsolidaroba
amoZravebdaT da Znelbedobis Jams, visac riT SeeZlo, imiT ex-
mareboda meores. Tumca, albaT, pasuxisgeblobis grZnobac maSin
gagviCndeba, rodesac warsulis – am SemTxvevaSi ki, saqarTvelos
uaxlesi istoriis – gaxsenebas ufro met dros davuTmobT, mets
vifiqrebT masze, dawvrilebiT gavaanalizebT mas. da iqneb, Cveni
gmiris 1992 wlis 8 Tebervals gaCerebuli cxovrebis saaTis Semy-
ureT, ufro iolad movaxerxoT TanagrZnobisa da urTierTsiyvar-
ulis gaTaviseba, imis Segneba, rom, roca samSoblos uWirs, Cvenc
732
masTan erTad gviWirdes...
mxatvari gizo xatiaSvili 1962 wlis 22 agvistos daibada qalaq
senakSi. daamTavra Tbilisis 1 saSualo skola. swavlobda iakob
nikolaZis samxatvro saswavleblis saxviTi xelovnebis fakulte-
tze da, imavdroulad, musikaluri saswavleblis simebian sakravTa
ganyofilebis studenti iyo. 1981-1985 ww. saqarTvelos teqnikur
universitetSi (yofili politeqnikuri instituti) arqiteqturas
eufleboda, 1985 wlidan ki, gardacvalebamde, mose ToiZis samxat-
vro saswavlebelSi ferweras aswavlida. gizom ori personaluri
gamofena gamarTa: pirveli – 1991 wels, „xiblis“ sagamofeno dar-
bazSi, meore ki – gardacvalebis Semdeg, 1993 wels, saqarTvelos
arqiteqturis institutis sagamofeno darbazSi. igi jgufur ga-
mofenebSic monawileobda.
90-anel qarTvel mxatvrebs samoqalaqo omis dros mZime so-
cialur-ekonomikur pirobebSi uwevdaT muSaoba. nacrisfer-se-
vdiani ganwyoba sdevs am Taobis Semoqmedebas.
90-ani wlebis qarTuli xelovneba kalendarul dekadaze ufro
adre damTavrda: misgan araferi darCa, garda monawileTa da Ta-
namonawileTa mogonebebisa...
mxatvris bolo namuSevari „usaTauro“ – avtoportretia: mxat-
vrisaTvis Cveuli abstrahirebuli, renesansuli landSaftis fonze,
Wabukur profilTan erTad, xandazmuli personaJis saxec gvxvdeba.
taSizmisTvis niSandoblivi sisxlisferi feradovani laqiT mxatvar-
ma tragikuli realobis xati ki ar Seqmna, aramed sakuTari aracno-
bieri aqtivoba warmoaCina, bediswera iwinaswarmetyvela, tragedia
aRwera... es namuSevari amdeni xnis Semdegac ki TanagancdiT gvavsebs
da gvabrunebs mis mxatvrobasa da cxovrebasTan...
733
mas yaryaraSvilma da misma
SeiaraRebulma xrovam esrola
isini genofonds anadgurebdnen
mxatvar-musikosi, 29 wlis gizo xatiaS-

vili, 1992 wlis 3 ianvars damoukidebe-
li saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis
zviad gamsaxurdias mxardamWer mrava-
laTasiani mitingis monawile iyo. met-
ro didubesTan Sekrebil momitingeebs
moulodnelad da damiznebiT avto-
matebidan gauxsnes cecxli yaryaraS-
vil-kitovan-ioselianis xuntam, rom-
lebmac mizanSi rCeuli axalgazrda
vaJkacebi amoiRes. daiWra ocamde mo-
mitinge, adgilze daixvritnen:
levan TaqTaqiSvili, 22 wlis, stu-
denti, givi rexviaSvili, 21 wlis,
studenti, kaxa arseniZe, 21 wlis, studenti, tristan ceraZe,
50 wlis.
xolo TvalSi sasikvdilod daiWra 29 wlis gizo xatiaSvili
da igi 8 Tebervals, rkinigzis saavadmyofoSi gardaicvala. “sa-
cole hyavda da gazafxulze dasaqorwineblad emzadeboda, ase
Semicvales qorwilisTvis Sekerili axali kaba ZaZebiTo”, gviTxra
qalbatonma Tinam da cremlebi ver Seikava. “Cemi Svili prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias saxiT saqarTvelos damoukideblobasa da Ta-
visuflebas icavda. igi mxatvar-musikosi iyo. SesaniSnavad ukrav-
da Celoze. sulSeZruli iyo qarTvelTa Soris SeiaraRebuli da-
pirispirebiT. iaraRi rogor aviRo xelSi, vis vesrolo, isev Cems
qarTvelso? gulmokluli gveubneboda”, saubarSi CagverTo gizos
mama batoni uSangic. “igi mSvidobiani, ubralo momitinge iyo, ro-
gorc sxva aTasobiT adamiani, romlebsac xuntam srola autexa.
deda me aucileblad gadavrCebi, Cems profesiul saqmianobasac
gavagrZeleb, colsac moviyvan da ersac gavamravlebo!”
gvaimedebda mZimed daWrili.
gizo xatiaSvili Tbilisis centrSi, griboedovis 13-Si xuTo-
Taxian binaSi cxovrobda, romelic sakuTari xeliT da gemovnebiT
734
mouwyvia. ekonomiurad ar uWirdaT. “erovnul gvardias 3 000 mane-
Ti gadavuricxeT~ gviTxra dedamisma `vaiTu, Cemi gadaricxuli
fuliT SeZenili iaraRiT damixvrites Cemi erTaderTi vaJi yar-
yaraSvil-kitovan-ioselianmao~, guldaTuTquls dResac ar asven-
ebs mware fiqri.
kedlebze zeTSi, grafikasa da aqvarelSi Sesrulebuli gizos
naxatebia gamofenili, ZiriTadad naturmortebi da... Tvalebi.
diax, gizos mraval naxatze cali, isic marcxena Tvalia gamosaxu-
li. swored is marcxena Tvali, romelSic nasroli tyvia, misTvis
ase sabediswero aRmoCnda.
dRes, invalidis etlSi mjdomi gia yaryaraSvili Tavis “patri-
otul warsuls” axsenebs sazogadoebas, riTac faseulobebis de-
valvaciasa da eris TvalSi nacris Seyras cdilobs. faseulobebis
amgvari utifari aRrevis mcdeloba manam gagrZeldeba, sanam poli-
tikuri da samarTlebrivi Sefaseba ar miecema 1991-1992 wlebis
dekember-ianvris samxedro-kriminaluri gadatrialebas, rac Ta-
vis adgils miuCens yvelas da saxelmwifo damnaSaveebi, aramcTu
`samxedro eqspertebad~ Tu patriotebad mogvevlinebian, aramed,
iqneb Sinidanac veRar gamohyon Tavi.
leila comaia (fsevdonimi – qeTevan Wanturia)

gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №20, 2009 w.
varaz varazaSvili – saTno, mokrZalebuli, sakuTari samSob-

los gulmxurvale patrioti, merab kostavasaviT, 26 maiss moevlina
qveynierebas. erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba, misTvisac,
rogorc yoveli WeSmariti mamuliSvilisaTvis, imperialisturi
monobis uRlisagan erisa da qveynis gaTavisuflebis politikuri
brZolis asparezi iyo da amadac, mTeli arsebiT Caeba am ideur
moZraobaSi. patriotuli suliskveTebiT gawevrianda merab kostav-
asa da zviad gamsaxurdias mier daarsebul «wminda ilia marTlis
sazogadoebaSi» da gverdidan ar moscilebia Rirseul liderebs.
varaz varazaSvils, arc maSin dauzogavs sakuTari sicocxle,
rodesac imperialisturma ruseTma samxedro intervencia ganaxor-
ciela suverenuli qveynisa da 87%-iT arCeuli prezidentis zviad
gamsaxurdias winaaRmdeg. varaz varazaSvils xelSi, Tumca iaraRi
735
ar auRia, magram Tavisuflebisa da demokratiuli faseulobebis
dasacavad gulanTebuli Sevida intervenciis epicentrad qceul
uzenaes sabWoSi da SiSveli xelebiT dadga erovnuli damcvelebis
gverdiT, exmareboda da amxnevebda daWrilebs, yoveli maTganis
mzrunveli Wirisufali iyo.
1991 wlis 22 dekembers, varaz varazaSvili, uzenaesi sabWos
Senobis gareT, sastumro «TbilisTan», daWrilebis gamosayvanad
gamovida da moRalate qarTvelis tyviam masac uwia (vaJa adamias
SeiaraRebulma mebrZolebma esroles) da gulis perangi gaurRvia.
varaz varazaSvilis spetaki suli, niSandobliv – 33 wlis asak-
Si, mtknari RimiliT ganeSora sxeuls.
qarTvlis deda – klara Sedania...

dekember-ianvris saxelmwifo gadatri-
alebis dros uamravi marTali da Rirseu-
li mamuliSvili Seewira mkvlelebis xro-
vas. dakrZalvebs ver avudiodiT. erT-erTi
maTgani iyo varaz varaziSvili, romelsac
pirvelsave dRes gasrolili tyvia daax-
ales SublSi. varazis deda, qalbatoni
klara Sedania im dros mTavrobis saxlSi
daWrilebs evleboda Tavs, is eqimi gaxl-
daT, misi Ze ki „morgSi“ esvena... am dros
mas aseTi fraza wamoscda, jer kidev Svilis sikvdilis armcodne
klaras: dagvidga dedebs is dro, rodesac samSoblos Svilebi unda
SevwiroTo. amis gamgones sisxli gameyina, arc Cven vicodiT Tu sad
iyo im dros varazi. es ubedureba mesame dRes universitetTan gav-
igeT. qvad da rkinad iqca deida klara, welSi gamarTulma gaarRvia
xalxis jgufi... cocxlad darCenilebi sircxviliT ver vbedavdiT
samZimarze misvlas... visac im dReebis Svilmkvdari klara Sedania
axsovs, yvela dameTanxmeba, rom ar aris mogonili miTi cxra Zma
xerxeuliZeebis dedis ambavi... klara deida qarTvlis deda gaxda,
igi ar tiroda, ar mosTqvamda, aramed sazrianad esaubreboda sa-
saxleSi Casvenebul Svils. tyvias ki varazis vaJkacuri saxisTvis
veraferi daeklo, marTlac RimilmCeni iyo...
yovel saRamos klara deida atyobinebda varazs mTavrobis sa-
736
saxlis ambebs da Tan aimedebda, rom saqarTvelo gaimarjvebda...
dasaflavebac uCveulo iyo, sal klded iqca Svilmkvdari
deda... klara Sedaniam daiWira is adgili erovnul moZraobaSi,
sadac misi Svili idga... muxlCauxreli, mouRalavi, optimizmiT
aRavsebda yvelas... qalbatoni klara aResrula samSoblos winaSe
valmoxdili ... gmiri Svilis gmiri deda... iRwvoda da bolomdis
CaiRvenTa samSoblos sakurTxevelze... igi arasodes gamodioda pi-
raduli tragediidan, yovelTvis piruTvneli iyo, arc arvis Seh-
kvria ... bolomdis darCa im ideis erTguli, romelsac patriarqob-
da saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti... man saxlkaric ki gayida da
Tanxa erovnul xelisuflebas Seswira...
am SuaRamisas, ratomRac Cems xsovnaSi varaz varaziSvili da
misi deda klara Sedania gadaifurcla, Cveni uaxlesi qoronikonis
ulamazesi gmirebi...
ganisveneT..
`... veravin Semacvlevinebs gzas, romelsac

Cemi moxuci dedis locva-kurTxeviT davadeqi!~
am rwmeniTa da simtkiciT ganvlo Tavisi xanmokle cxovreba yo-

filma politpatimarma da Semdgom mRvdelmsaxurma mama gabrielma,
erobaSi nemo Wanturiam. `sapyrobilis yru da sqeli kedlebi ver
SemboWaven, verc moxelisuflo codvisSvilTa `STagonebani~ gaam-
rudeben Cems rwmenas, verc sikvdili iqneba Cemi samani~, – werda
erTgan politpatimari nemo Wanturia. da dadga sikvdilis – gar-
dacvalebis dRe – 2015 wlis 14 seqtemberi.
verc es SeboWavs mama gabriels, misi patiosani da daumorCile-
beli suli saqarTvelos Tanamdevi iqneba marad!
nemo varlamis Ze Wanturia daibada 1959 wlis 18 maiss, foT-
Si. cxovrobda galis raionis sofel TagilonSi. 1981-1991 ww. igi
muSaobda soxumis Sss ganyofilebaSi, xolo 1991 wlidan erovnu-
li gvardiis wevri gaxda maioris CiniT. nemo Wanturia senakis 2
batalionis Stabis ufrosad daniSnes, mas samoqalaqo mosaxleo-
bis terorizmisagan dacva evaleboda.
737
`gandevnil iqna saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti zviad gam-
saxurdia. vaebam moicva samSoblo~, – werda mogvianebiT sapyro-
biledan gamogzavnil werilSi nemo Wanturia. xolo manamde, mt-
kiced idga da icavda samegrelos soflebs momxvdurisagan. 1992
w. seqtemberSi, rodesac iaraRis ZaliT xelisuflebis saTaveSi mo-
suli `mxedrionis~ samxedro nawilebis ganmeorebiTi sadamsjelo
eqspedicia xorcieldeboda samegreloSi, igi senakSi daapatimres.
braldeba ki saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 67, 73, 104
da 133 muxlebiT wauyenes – terorizmi, banditizmi, diversia. ase
Seiqmna saqme №10 – `kavsaZis gamtaceblebi~.
quTaisis Sss sammarTvelos droebiTi dakavebis sakanSi 7
dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi sastikad awamebdnen nemo Wanturias, Sem-
deg erTi Tve mimdinareobda wameba – dakiTxvebi Tbilisis Sss sam-
marTvelos droebiTi dakavebis sakanSi. sagamoZiebo izolatorSi
me-2, e.w. ”SevardnaZis korpusSi” erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi xorciel-
deboda masze fizikuri da fsiqologiuri zewola.
ver gatexes, ver aRalatebies!
1993 wlis oqtomberSi nemo Wanturia gaasamarTles, 15 wliT pa-
timroba miusajes da avWalis mkacri reJimis koloniaSi moaTavses.
sami wlis manZilze wamebisa da araadamianuri yofis Sedegad, sam-
xedro tyves nemo Wanturias Camouyalibda mwvave Saqriani diabeti,
gulis iSemiuri daavadeba da tuberkulozi. didi xnis ganmavloba-
Si mkurnalobda cixis respublikur saavadmyofoSi, magram avadmy-
ofobis sirTulis gamo SeuZlebeli iyo misi gankurneba. ”saCivari
arsad Semitania, radgan rogorc am e.w. xelisuflebas, aseve mis
korumpirebul organoebs ar vcnob”, – amasac Tavis erT-erT wer-
ilSi werda axlobleblebs sikvdilis piras myofi politpatimari.
1999 wels e.w. xelisufleba iZulebuli gaxda, mZime, ukurnebeli
avadmyofobis gamo nemo Wanturia sapyrobiledan gaeTavisuflebia.
nemo Wanturia im rwmeniTa da simtkiciT gamovida sapyrobile-
dan, riTac igi patimrobis rva wlis manZilze suldgmulobda: ”me
dabejiTebiT mjera erovnuli xelisuflebisa da kanonierebis aR-
dgenisaTvis mebrZoli laSqrisa, rom sul male gamarjveba mTeli
eris surviliT CvenTan iqneba... Cemi cxovrebis mizania saqarTve-
los Tavisufleba da kanonierebisa da samarTlianobis aRdgena”,
-esec amonaridi misi erT-erTi werilidan. ”veravin Semacvlevinebs
gzas, romelsac Cemi moxuci dedis locva-kurTxeviT davadeqio”,
738
– werda igi da swamda, ”deda-Svilobis mfarveli RmerTi ki ar gam-
wiravs, rom avcde simarTlis gzas...”. 2003 wels simarTlis gzam
yofili politpatimari qarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiis wi-
aRSi miiyvana. aTi wlis morCilebis Semdeg, 2013 wels berad aRikve-
ca da saxelad mama gabrieli ewoda.
mama gabrieli saqarTvelos erT-erT ulamazes kuTxeSi – xe-

vSi, sofel snoSi, Tormeti mociqulis saxelobis samlocveloSi
msaxurebda da iqve gardaicvala 2015 wlis 14 seqtembers. misi
patiosani neSti sofel arxotis wm. nikolozis saxelobis taZarSi
gadaabrZanes, 15 seqtembers dakrZales sofel snos sasaflaoze.
didZali sazogadoeba daeswro mama gabrielis dakrZalvis cer-
emonias. mis xsovnas pativi miages qorepiskoposma meufe iakobma,
stefanwmindisa da xevis episkoposma meufe iegudielma, gardabni-
sa da martyofis episkoposma meufe ioanem, Tbilisidan, samegre-
lodan, xevidan da saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebidan Casulma Taname-
brZolebma da megobrebma. mama gabrieli daitira misma erTaderTma
dam – qalbatonma zeinabma.
kidev erTi gulanTebuli, erTguli da Sewiruli qarTveli wav-
ida wuTisoflidan! aki werda kidec, ”...Cven varT isini, vinc unda
viyoT suliT, sisxl-xorciT qarTvelebi, samSoblos siyvaruliT
739
suldgmulni da samSoblosaTvis zvarakad Sewirvis surviliT Sepy-
robilni”!
ufalma daumkvidros samudamo sasufeveli mama gabriels.
rusudan kobaxiZe
nodar papiaSvili
42 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. iyo kanonieri xeli-
suflebis momxre. mokles metexTan atexili srolebis dros 1992
wlis 6 ianvars.
sergo inasariZe
41 wlis. daibada axalcixeSi. col–Sviliani. iyo erovnuli
gvardiis oficeri. Cacxrila xuntam metexTan avtobusSi 1992 wlis
6 ianvars.
levan doijaSvili
33 wlis, daibada gorSi, col-Sviliani, oTxi mcirewlovani Svi-
lis mama. icavda mTavrobis sasaxles dekember-ianvarSi. 1992 wlis
6 ianvars avtobusSi Cacxrila goga xaindravas SeiaraRebulma `de-
viatkam~ metexTan.
konstantine kurdRelia
43 wlis, daibada senakSi, col-Sviliani. iyo erovnuli gvar-
diis oficeri. dekember-ianvarSi icavda mTavrobis sasaxles. 1992
wlis 6 ianvars Cacxrila avtobusSi metexTangoga xaindravas Sei-
araRebulma `deviatkam~.
ramaz (tutu) profis Ze rogava

daibada 1957 wels zugdidis raionis sof. yuliskarSi. iyo
erovnuli xelisuflebis gvardieli. teritoriuli mTlianobis
dasacavad ibrZoda samaCabloSi, hqonda ramdenime Wriloba. de-
740
kember–ianvarSi icavda uzenaes sabWos, sadac daiWra 1992 wlis 6
ianvars. daWrils, xuntis mebrZolebi miuvardnen saavadmyofoSi
da sawolSi Cacxriles.
nikoloz JorJis Ze Todria

daibada 1950 wlis 25 aprils zugdidis raionis sof. zeda ew-
erSi. 1991 wlis seqtembridan icavda kanonier xelisuflebas mTav-
robis saxlSi. 1992 wlis 6 ianvars mTavrobis sasaxlidan uiaraRod
gamosuli dilis 8 saaTze, sof. aRaianTan Cacxriles avtobusSi
xuntis mebrZolebma.
valiko yaulaSvili
46 wlis. daibada TbilisSi. col–Sviliani. Cacxrila xuntam av-
tobusSi metexTan 1992 wlis 6 ianvars. iyo wm. ilia marTlis sazo-
gadoebis wevri.
emzar lomTaZe
30 wlis. daibada ambrolauris raionSi. ucolo. Cacxrila xun-
tam avtobusSi metexTan 1992 wlis 6 ianvrs. iyo wm. ilia marTlis
sazogadoebis wevri.
vaxtang Tadeozis Ze Todria

dabadebuli 1930 wlis 20 ivliss zugdidis raionis sof. zeda
ewerSi. 1991 wlis seqtembridan, zugdidis batalionTan erTad ica-
vda mTavrobis saxls. 1992 wlis 6 ianvars zugdidSi uiaraRod mi-
mavali Cacxriles avtobusSi sof. aRaianTan.
mamuka cxadaia
daibada 1958 wels q. zugdidSi. icavda kanonier erovnul xeli-
suflebas. mokles 1992 wlis 2 ianvars.
741
merab ardeganis Ze qardava
daibada 1962 wels walenjixis raionis sof. jvarSi. 1992 wlis
20 maiss, marto myofs saxlSi Seuvardnen „mxedrionelebi“ da wame-
biT gamoasalmes sicocxles. iyo kanonieri xelisuflebis momxre.
gia (giorgi) Salvas Ze Sedania

daibada 1956 wels q. zugdidSi. 1991 wels Sevida erovnul gvar-
diaSi. teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad ibrZoda samaCabloSi,
afxazeTSi. muSaobda erovnuli gvardis kavSirgabmulobis ufro-
sad. 1992 wlis 11 ianvars mokles „mxedrionelebma“ zugdidSi.
enuq severianis Ze Sonia

daibada 1936 wels 17 ianvars walenjixis raionis sof. faxulan-
Si. 1992 wels 25 Tebervals mSvidobiani mitingis darbevis dros
mokles „mxedrionelebma“ walenjixis centrSi.
mamuka arabiZe
daibada 1966 wels zestafonSi. iyo zestafonis batalionis
ufrosi. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul
samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1993 wlis oqtomberSi.
anzor gogolaZe
dabadebuli 1958 wels. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis wi-
naaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles wamebiT 1993
wlis oqtomberSi.
revaz sturua
daibada 1960 wels samtrediaSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
flebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1992
wlis 5 seqtembers.
742
zurab sotkilava
daibada 1971 wels galis raionSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
wlis 10 agvistos.
soso gelia
daibada 1963 wels senakis raionSi. monawileobda xuntis xe-
lisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles
1992 wlis 1 oqtombers.
gugu ZiZaria
daibada walenjixaSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis wi-
naaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1992 wlis 6
ivliss.
biWiko Sengelia
daibada 1947 wels q. zugdidSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
wlis 6 ivliss.
enver qobalia
daibada 1950 wels q. zugdidSi. erovnuli gvardiis maiori.
monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul same-
grelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1993 wlis 13 ianvars.
vaxtang anjafariZe
1993 wlis 4 marts.
743
Tamaz rogava
wlis 8 ivliss.
merab xuxia
1993 wlis 8 ivliss.
besik WiTanava
wlis 6 ivliss.
zaza gaTelia
wlis 12 noembers.
zaur rogava
daibada 1949 wels q. zugdidSi. mokles xuntis gvardielebma
ajanyebulebisagan q. foTis gaTavisuflebis dros 1993 wlis 5
oqtombers.
robert SoTas Ze bendeliani

daibada 1968 wels q. zugdidSi. 1989 wlidan Caeba erovnul
moZraobaSi. mokles xuntis gvardielebma 1993 wlis 5 oqtombers
malTayvaSi.
744
jener kezua
daibada 1951 wels. mokles xuntis gvardielebma malTayvaSi
ajanyebulebisgan samegrelos gaTavisuflebis dros 1993 wlis 5
oqtombers.
jemal SamaTava
daibada 1964 wels. saqarTvelos helsinkis kavSiris wevri.
erovnul–ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobaSi Caeba 1988 wels. ibrZoda
samaCabloSi, afxazeTSi. mokles xuntis gvardielebma 1998 wlis 5
oqtombers samegrelos ajanyebis dros.
konstantine revazis Ze tabiZe

daibada 1964 wels bolnisis raionSi. iyo qaquca ColoyaSvi-
lis saxelobis specdaniSnulebis polkis meomari. monawileobda
xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyeba-
Si. mokles foTSi 1993 wlis 2 oqtombers.
levan tabataZe
daibada da cxovrobda rusTavSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
flebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles foT-
Si 1993 wlis 2 oqtombers.
giorgi (gaga) jafariZe

daibada da cxovrobda TbilisSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
daviT sajaia
daibada abaSaSi. 25 wlis. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis
winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles foTSi 1993
wlis 2 oqtombers.
745
Tengiz givis Ze logua
joni genadis Ze fircxalava

daibada 1970 wels q. zugdidSi. 1988 wels Caeba erovnul–gan-
maTavisuflebel moZraobaSi. ibrZoda samaCabloSi, afxazeTSi
saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad. monawileobda
xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyeba-
Si. mokles foTSi 1993 wlis 5 oqtombers.
lado sergos Ze aqubardia

Temur vawaZe
daibada 1963 wels zugdidSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
wlis 24 maiss.
rezo sesquria
daibada 1960 wels WaladidSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
wlis 5 ivniss.
koba gogua
wlis 5 ivniss.
746
ema daraselia
daibada 1967 wels walenjixis raionSi. mokles xuntis gvard-
ielebma 1993 wlis 5 ivniss samegrelos ajanyebis CaxSobis dros.
demur gulia
wlis 24 seqtembers.
vitali mirgatia
wlis 24 seqtembers.
guram kobaxiZe
daibada 1964 wels xobis raionSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
wlis 28 marts.
murTaz zarqua
monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTul same-
grelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1993 wlis 6 ianvars.
malxaz xarCilava.
daibada 1968 wels. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis winaaRm-
deg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1993 wlis 10 ivniss.
fridon tyemalaZe
daibada gulirifSis raionSi. monawileobda xuntis xelisu-
wlis 10 ivniss.
747
niaz Zvabava
daibada soxumSi 1948 wels. monawileobda xuntis xelisuflebis
winaaRmdeg mimarTul samegrelos ajanyebaSi. mokles 1993 wlis 6
maiss.
zviad gedeniZe
19 wlis. daibada foTSi. ucolo. daWres foTSi 1992 wlis 27
ianvars. daWrili gadaiyvanes senakis saavadmyofSi, sadac mieWrnen
„mxedrionelebi“, romlebmac daWrils ubrZanes Seeginebina Tavisi
sexnia prezidentisaTvis. daWrilma zviadma „mxedrionelebs“ sur-
vili ar Seusrula, ris gamoc igi sawolSi Cacxriles.
zaza gasviani
24 wlis. daibada foTSi. ucolo. daxvrita xuntis gvardielebma
foTis „aRebis“ dros 1992 wlis 17 ianvars.
mamuka xarbedia
28 wlis. ucolo. daibada foTSi. mokles xuntis gvardielebma
1992 wlis 27 ianvars foTis „aRebis“ dros.
jambul alasania
25 wlis. daibada foTSi. ucolo. 1992 wlis 24 aprils Tevzaobda
paliastomis tbaze, sadac gamoCdnen mTvrali xuntis gvardielebi,
romlebmac igi niSanSi amoiRes da mokles.
goCia nanava
col-Sviliani. daibada foTSi. mokles „mxedrionelebma“ foTis
„aRebis“ dros 1992 wlis 27 ianvars.
beJan gvaTua
24 wlis, dabadebuli foTSi. ucolo. erovnuli gvardiis wev-
748
ri. daWres foTSi 1992 w. 27 ianvars. Wriloba ar iyo sasikdvilo.
daWrili gadaiyvanes senakis saavadmyofoSi. 28 ianvars „mxedrio-
nelebma“ Cacxriles sawolSi.
Tamaz jRarkava
30 wlis. ucolo. dabadebuli q. foTSi. foTis saxelmwifo
avtoinspeqciis inspeqtori. 1992 wlis 1 aprils daWres foTSi
xuntis gvardielebma. daWrili tyved aiyvanes da waiyvanes „mxe-
drionelebma“ q. quTaisSi, sadac igi awames: gadaumtvries xelisa
da fexis TiTebi, mklavebi, fexebi, Tambaqos namwviT daudaRes saxe
da sxeuli da bolos avtomatis jeris dacxriles.
emzar beraia
26 wlis. ucolo. daibada foTSi. muSa. 1992 wlis 8 marts, komen-
datis saaTis dros daxvrita xuntis gvardielebma sakuTari sax-
lis win.
kaxa yurua
daibada 1964 wels q. foTSi. daiRupa xuntis xelisuflebis wi-
naaRmdeg mowyobil SeiaraRebul ajanyebis dros q. zugdidSi 1992
wlis 22 noembers.
zaza nasariZe
25 wlis. col-Sviliani. ambrolauris raioni. gvardiis ofi-
ceri. icavda mTavrobis sasaxles dekember–ianvarSi. daWres metex-
Tan avtobusSi 1992 wlis 6 ianvars xuntis mebrZolebma. gamojan-
mrTelebis Semdeg ibrZoda zugdidis, walenjixis, xobis dasacavad
xuntis mebrZolebisagan. 1992 w. 1 aprils mokles xobSi.
kuso odiSaria
daibada 1965 wels senakSi. col–Sviliani. igi 1992 w. 3 aprils
dasavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleobasTan erTad 9 aprilis aRsaniS-
749
navad fexiT moemarTeboda TbilisSi. manifestantebs mZime teqni-
kiT md. cxeniswyalTan gza gadauRobes xuntis mebrZolebma. erTi
beteeri SeiWra mSvidobian manifestantebSi, romelmac gaWylita
kuso odiSaria.
beJan yaliCava
daibada CxorowyuSi. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgeni-
saTvis. mokles „mxedrionelebma“ 1993 w. 20 oqtombers wyaltubos
raionis sof. gviStibSi. mokluli fexebiT dakides da Tavi waaW-
res. „mxedrionelebi“ Tavis safasurad ojaxidan iTxovdnen gamo-
sasyids.
roin wifuria
saTvis. mokles „mxedrionelebma“ 1998 wlis 20 oqtombers wyal-
tubos raionis sof. gviStibSi. mokluli fexebiT dakides da Tavi
waaWres. „mxedrionelebi“ Tavis safasurad ojaxidan iTxovdnen
gamosasyids.
kaxa paWkoria
daibada 1973 wels senakis raionSi. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisu-
flebis aRdgenisaTvis. mokles xuntis gvardielebma noqalaqevis
gzaze 1993 w. 14 aprils.
ioseb (tuti) SurRaia

daibada 1972 wels senakis raionSi. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisu-
flebis aRdgenisaTvis. mokles xuntis gvardielebma noqalaqevis
gzaze 1993 w. 14 aprils.
xviCa kaWarava
saTvis. mokles xuntis gvardielebma noqalaqevis gzaze 1993 w. 14
aprils.
750
kaxa kolis Ze xubutia
daibada CxorowyuSi 1971 w. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisuflebis
aRdgenisaTvis. 1993 w. 20 oqtombers „mxedrionelebma“ daWres wy-
altubos raionSi sof. gviStibSi. gardaicvala 2 noembers.
Temur karlos Ze soselia

daibada 1961 wels. 1978 w. daamTavra Cxorowyus raionis saSua-
lo skola. 1979–81 ww. ibrZoda avRaneTSi. 1989 wels Caeba erovnul
moZraobaSi. 1992 w. iyo Cxorowyus sagangebo aseulis rigiTi me-
brZoli, daiWra senakSi. 1993 wels meored daiWra sof. kindRis
gaTavisuflebis dros. 1993 wlis 20 oqtombers mokles mxedrio-
nelebma wyaltubos misadgomebTan. sof. gviStibi.
mokluli fexebiT dakides da Tavi waaWres. „mxedrionelebi“,
Tavis safasurad ojaxisgan iTxovdnen gamosasyids.
guram guramis Ze xorava

daibada 1979 w. 14 ianvars gudauTaSi. 1992 wels daamTavra sa-
Sualo skola. amave wels Cairicxa soxumis universitetSi iurid-
iul fakultetze. ibrZoda gagraSi, samaCabloSi. 1993 wlidan gax-
da sagangebo daniSunlebis aseulis wevri. 1993 wlis 20 oqtombrs
mokles „mxedrionelebma“ wyaltubos misadgomebTan. sof. gviSt-
ibi. mokluli fexebiT dakides da Tavi waaWres. „mxedrionelebi“
Tavis safasurad ojaxidan iTxovdnen gamosasyids.
beJan JorJis Ze vekua

daibada 1967 wels. 1989 w. daamTavra Cxorowus raionis, sof.
nakianis saSualo skola. Caericxa sasoflo–sameurneo institutSi.
1991–92 ww. iyo sof. nakianis gamgebeli. 1992 w. gaxda sagangebo dan-
iSunlebis aseulis Stabis ufrosi. amave wlis TebervalSi daapatim-
ra xuntam. patimrobaSi gaatara 33 dRe. 1998 w. 20 oqtombers mokles
„mxedrionelebma“ wyaltubos misadgomebTan. sof. gviStibSi.
751
baTu omaris Ze kvirkvia
daibada CxorowyuSi. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRd-
genisTvis. mokles 1993 w. 20 oqtombers „mxedrionelebma“ wyaltu-
bos raionis sof. gviStibSi.
rusudan giorgis asuli Wanturia

35 wlis. pedagogi. senakis mitingze sityviT gamosvlis Semdeg
1992 wlis 20 Tebervals mokles „mxedrionelebma“ sakuTar saxlSi,
mere gaZarcves.
xviCa caava
28 wlis. col–Sviliani. sami Svilis mama. mokles senakSi saku-
Tar manqanaSi „mxedrionelebma“.
aleqsandre borisis Ze Wanturia

40 wlis. reJisoris TanaSemwe. 1992 wlis 23 ivliss, senakSi Se-
vardnaZis Camosvlis dRes, korespondentebisaTvis saprotesto in-
tervius micemis gamo sasikvdilod scemes „mxedrionelebma“, ris
Sedegadac igi gardaicvala.
soso gegelia
mokles senakSi xuntis bandebma 1992 wels.
merab vladimeris Ze bJalava

daibada senakSi. ibrZoda kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenisaT-
vis. 1992 w. mokla xuntis xelisuflebam.
goCa Tengizis Ze xunwaria

mokles senakSi „mxedrionelebma“ 1992 wels.
752
mimoza janaSia – Selia
ori Svilis deda. walenjixeli. mokles „mxedrionelebma“ 1992
wels walenjixis raionis sof. saCinoSi.
mamuka beqaia
1992 wlis 13 maiss mokles samtrediaSi xuntis miliciis kur-
santebma.
zaur zarqua
daibada 1946 wels walenjixaSi. 1992 wlis 6 ivliss mokles „mx-
edrionelebma“ walenjixaSi. dedamiss gvamis misaRebad fuli gamo-
sZales.
besik fifia
28 wlis. 1992 wlis 6 ivliss mokles „mxedrionelebma“ walen-
jixaSi avtomatis kondaxebis cemiT.
meri gabedava
mokles walenjixis raionis sof. squrSi „mxedrionelebma“ maT
ojaxze yaCaRuri Tavdasxmis dros. sityvebiT: „megrelebi ar unda
gamravldneno“.
buTxuz SamaTava
mokles senakSi rkinigzis sadguris teritoriaze 1992 w. xuntis
bandebma. misi ukanaskneli sityvebi iyo: „gaumarjos prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias!“
badri lavrentis Ze qvariani

50 wlis. senakis rkinigzis saavadmyofos yarauli. mokles „mx-
edrionelebma“ saavadmyofodan narkotikebis gatacebis dros 1992
wels.
753
1991 wlis 22 dekembridan 1992 wlis CaTvliT
a/k rk. gzis prof. n.s. kaxianis sax. sagzao klinikur
saavadmyofoSi tyviiT miyenebuli WrilobebiT
moTavsebulTa sia (nawili gardaicvala)
1. beruaSvili vladimer daviTis Ze, 31 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena dundulis areSi.
moTavsda: travmatologiaSi 3/1. gaewera.
2. bairamova naira bairamis asuli, 20 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena terfis areSi.
moTavsda: travmatologiaSi 3/1.
3. gagua omar serapionis Ze, 52 w.

moTavsda: travmatologiaSi – gaewera.
4. gelaSvili gela, 24 w.
diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba gulmkerdisa da muclis areSi.
moTavsda: reanimaciaSi (qirurgia) 5/1.
5. gelaSvili akaki aleqsandres Ze, 29 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena muxlis areSi.
6. guguSvili pavle ivanes Ze, 47 w.

moTavsda: travmatologiaSi. gaewera.
7. davraSovi alika kasumas Ze, 29 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli WriliaraRiT miyenebuli Wriloba.
8. daviTiZe mamuka akakis Ze, 22 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena fexis areSi.
moTavsda: qirurgiaSi.
754
9. doliZe gurami.
diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena barZayis areSi,
swori nawlavis dazianebiT.
moTavsda: qirurgiaSi 3/1. 9/1–Si gardaicvala – istoria waRe-
bulia eqspertizaSi.
10. kozaiZe kaxa karlos Ze, 24 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marcxena qveda ybis areSi.
moTavsda: qirurgiaSi 6/1.
11. kobiZe ambrosi vasilis Ze, 53 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena wvivis areSi.
12. kikviZe lado kukuris Ze, 23 w.

13. metreveli gurami zaalis Ze, 52 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba miyenebuli marcxena terfis
areSi.
moTavsda: travmatologiaSi – qirurgiaSi 3/1.
14. mumlaZe vaxtang vasilis Ze, 41 w.

vazisubnis III m/r. 2 kv. 4 korp. b. 63.
diagnozi: tyviiT miyenebuli Wriloba, marjvena terfis areSi.
15. minaSvili zaira aleqsandres asuli, 56 w.

diagnozi: marjvena wvivis barZayis midamos cecxlnasroli
Wriloba.
16. oqropiriZe ramazi, 23 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena majis areSi.
moTavsda: s. Z. qirurgiaSi 5/1.
755
17. oTariSvili xviCa guramis Ze, 19 w.
gvardiis jariskaci. TianeTi. sof. axalsofeli.
diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marcxena muxlis areSi.
moTavsda: travmatologiaSi 22.XII. 27.XII–Si gaewera.
18. JRenti aleqsandre Janris Ze, 22 w.

diagnozi: Tavis qalis Semavali Wriloba miyenebuli cecxlnas-
roli iaraRiT.
moTavsda: qirurgiaSi 3/1.
19. rexviaSvili givi iagos Ze, 21 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba, gulmkerdis marcxena nax-
evris areSi.
moTavsda: qirurgia – reanimacia 3/1.
20. torCilava jemal daviTis Ze, 40 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba, marjvena barZayis areSi.
21. yifiani guram giorgis Ze, 41 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena wvivis areSi.
22. cxvedaZe mixeil revazis Ze, 25 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena muxlis areSi.
23. javaxaZe niko anzoris Ze, 24 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marjvena wvivis barZayis
areSi.
24. jaliaSvili vaJa vladimeris Ze

diagnozi: Tavis qalis cecxlnasroli Wriloba.
moTavsda: n/qirurgiaSi 6/1. reanimaciaSi.
756
25. jafariZe nugzar mixeilis Ze, 31 w.
moTavsda: s. Z. qirurgiaSi 3/1.
26. janeliZe uSangi vladimeris Ze, 58 w.

gldanis mas. me–3 m/r. 11 korp. b.3. diagnozi: cecxlnasroli
iaraRiT miyenebuli Wriloba.
moTavsda: qirurgiaSi 1/1. gaewera.
27. xatiaSvili gizo giorgis Ze, 24 w.

moTavsda: n/qirurgiaSi 3/1.
ambulatoriuli
1. aruTiniani arami Sagenis Ze, 25 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marcxena mxaris areSi.
23.XII.92 w.
2. berikaSvili anzor Tevdores Ze, 53 w.

diagnozi:
3. daneliani gegam elmaxos Ze, 25 w.

diagnozi: marjvena mtevnis cecxlnasroli gamWoli Wriloba.
23.XII.92 w.
4. mecxvariSvili emzar nodaris Ze, 23 w.

diagnozi: marcxena mxaris midamos da marcxena mtevnis cecxl-
nasroli Wrilobebi. 3/1.
5. yvavaZe irakli oTaris Ze, 35 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli daJeJili Wriloba Txemis areSi
marcxniv.
757
6. CaCaniZe vaJa Salvas Ze, 52 w.
diagnozi:marcxena muxlis saxsris cecxlnasroli Wriloba
23.XII.92 w.
7. xeviaSvili giorgi Tengizis Ze, 27 w.

diagnozi: welis marjvena naxevris midamoSi cecxlnasroli
iaraRiT miyenebuli Wriloba. 22.XII.92 w.
1992 wlis 13/20 ianvari
1. didebaSvili zurab valeris Ze, 17 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba muclis areSi.
moTavsda qirurgiaSi 14.01.92 w. amave dRes gardaicvala.
2. lomaZe Temur giorgis Ze, 39 w.

diagnozi: marcxena barZayis cecxlnasroli Wriloba.
17.01.92 w. gaigzavna ambulatoriul mkurnalobaze.
3. nadiraSvili petre zaqros Ze, 62 w.

diagnozi: orive qvemo kiduris cecxnasroli Wrilobebi.
moTavsda: travmatologiur ganyofilebaSi 15.01.92 w.
4. xerkelaZe tariel giorgis Ze, 41 w.

diagnozi: cecxlnasroli Wriloba marcxena gulmkerdis da mu-
clis areSi.
moTavsda qirurgiul ganyofilebaSi 17.01.92 w.
gardacvlilTa sia
1. alaTania jambul – q. foTi,CitaZis Ses. №25.

2. amirejibi vaxtang – Tb. gamsaxurdias q. kor.9.
3. arseniZe kaxa – Tb. diRmis mas. me–2 kv.
4. avetisiani areinik – Tbilisi
5. azatova nina – Tb. azizbekovis q. №3.
6. baidaSvili sergo – Tb. ninoSvilis q. №21
7. beraia emzar – q. foTi
758
8. beriaSvili berdia – Tb. obolaZis q. №15
9. gedeniZe zurab – q. foTi
10. bendeliani zurab – didi diRomi me–2 kv. korp.22
11. varaziSvili varazi – Tb. saeqimos q. 4.
12. gvaTua beJan – q. foTi
13. gasviani zaza – q. foTi
14. gociriZe giorgi iaraklis Ze – Tbilisi
15. gagua vova – Tb. samtrediiT q. №
16. gabroSvili gogi – goris r–ni sof. fxvenisi
17. gobroniZe aleqsandre – Tb.saburTalos q. №40. I korp. b. 14.
18. davraSvili aleko – Tbilisi
19. didebaSvili zurab – Tbilisi
20. doliZe guram – Tb. yifSiZis q. №
21. daviTiani iuri – Tbilisi vercxlis q. 56
22. esebua gia – Tb. me–3 mas. 10 kv. korp.6 b.5
23. iaSvili vladimer – Tb. janaSias q. №1
24. inasariZe sergo – gldani, 6 m/r. korp.16
25. inauri ioseb – Tb. Smitis q. 4
26. karapetiani konstantine – Tb. xviCias q. 9
27. kapanaZe konstantine – Tb. mTawmindis q.21
28. kakulia Tamazi – q. foTi
29. kasraZe kote – goris raioni.
30. kalandia iuri – martvili.
31. markozia arkadi – martvili.
32. miqiaSvili rezo – rusTavi.
33. mWedliSvili gurami – Tbilisi.
34. mWedliSvili baadur – Tb. nuc. pl. 4 m/r. me–4 kop. b.3
35. lomTaZe emzari – ambrolauri – Wrebalo
36. nikolaiSvili mamuka – rusTavi
37. odiSaria kuso – senaki.
38. ramiSvili arCil – gldanis masivi
39. rexviaSvili givi – diRdmis mas. me–5 kv. korp.5
40. TaqTaqiSvili levan – didube. evdoSvilis q. 2/10 korp. 4.
41. sulxaniSvili avTandil – Tbilisi
42. sulxaniSvili paata – diRmis mas. me–3 kv. korp.9, b.2
43. sidamoniZe nikoloz – Tb. engelsis q. 39.
44. ratiani konstantine – Tb. ingoroyvas q. 6.
45. pertia avelina – zugdidi. sof. caiSi
759
46. talaxaZe iuri – Tb. petriaSvilis 43.
47. tabiZe Tamaz – Tbilisi varkeTilis 3 m/r. korp. IV b.72
48. teriSvili mamuka – Tb. norios aRmarTi 54a.
49. tetelaSvili gia – Tb. diRmis saremonto qarxnis das. I korp.
50. papiaSvili nodar – Tb. navTluRis das. 9. b.5.
51. caava avTandil – Tbilisi
52. caava xviCa – senaki, marjaniSvilis q. 6.
53. carciZe romo – rusTavi
54. ceraZe tristan – Tb. bendelianis me–2 Ses. №10.
55. yavelaSvili Salva – Tb. tolstois q. 4.
56. yavelaSvili badri – Tbilisi.
57. qevxiSvili cico – Tb. kostavas q. me–2 Ses.№5.
58. qajaia Tengiz – vanis raioni.
59. xarbedia mamuka – q. foTi.
60. xurcilava malxaz – martvili.
61. xelaSvili daTo – Tb. varkeTili me–3 m/r.
62. xuciSvili gela – sof. TamaraSeni
63. SalikaSvili gia – lanCxuTi.
64. SaraSeniZe paata – Tb. Temqa. me–3 m/r. I korp. b.18.
65. foladaSvili mixeil – Tb. gldanis masivi.
66. javaxiSvili zurab – Tbilisi
67. batiaSvili gizo – Tb. griboedovis q. 13.
68. Wanturia imedo – Terjolis r–ni sof. axali Terjola.
69. RviniaSvili nugzar – Tb. lotkini. kiSinovis q. 59.
70. ficxelauri besik – Tb. larexis q. 13
71. jRarkava Tamaz – q. foTi.
760
brZola ufro adre daiwyo, kidev ufro adre...
SeiaraRebuli opoziciis mier brZolis dawyebis TariRad xSi-

rad 22 dekembers asaxeleben, magram brZola ufro adre dai-
wyo... SeiaraRebuli opozicia, mTavrobis saxlis win, mitingisa da
demonstraciis Catarebis momizezebiT, 19 dekembers movida da Tan
moiyola SeiaraRebuli Zala. marTalia, tankebi da „beteerebi“ im
dros iq ar Canda, magram opozicionerTa Soris ukve trialebda
ramdenime SeiaraRebuli piri. rogorc yovelTvis, im saRamosac
opozicionerebma Seuracxmyofeli SeZaxilebiT aikles mTavrobis
saxlis midamoebi. moZravi radiosadguris mikrofonebidan gais-
moda kategoriuli moTxovnebi gadamdgariyo prezidenti da mTav-
robis saxlTan mogrovil kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardamWerebs
mTavrobis saxlis mimdebare teritoria gaeTavisuflebinaT. es
moTxovna TandaTan brZanebad JRerda. SeSfoTebuli xalxi „Sav-
legosa“ da „Cemo kargo qveyanas“ axvedrebda SeiaraRebul opozi-
cionerebs, magram uSedegod... „CauSesku!“ „bozebo“! ... „Cven radi-
kalur zomebs mivmarTavT mTavrobis saxlis gasanTavisuflebad
da diqtatoris dasamxobad!“ – iqadnidnen e. w. avtoritetuli
inteligentebi, romlebsac pirSi TiTebi CaewyoT da quCis bi-
WebiviT stvendnen... Semdeg raRac molaparakebis msgavsi wamoiw-
yes, magram farsi gamodga, maT undodaT kanonieri prezidentis
gadadgoma, kanonieri xelisuflebis damxoba da aRarc malavdnen
namdvil zraxvebs. agresia opozicionerTa mxridan matulobda.
cudma winaTgrZnobam Semipyro, TiTqmis uZlurebi viyaviT am Tav-
xedi da uzrdeli adamianebis winaSe, opozicionerTa mcire jgu-
fi RamiT mTavrobis saxlis win darCa. maT moaxerxes da sruliad
daubrkoleblad gaaTries avtobusebi, riTac mTavrobis saxlis
midamo iyo Semokavebuli. gamoikveTa, rom faqtobrivad mili-
cia ar moqmedebda, igi winaaRmdegobas ar uwevda momxvdurebs.
gvardia saqmeSi ar ereoda, igi formaluri damcvelis rols as-
rulebda. opozicionerebma meore dRes pirdapir xalxis Tval-
win gaitaces qalaqis meri Tamaz vaSaZe da deputati avTandil
rcxilaZe. avrcelebdnen xmebs, rom milicia opozicias uWers
mxars (sinamdvileSi asec aRmoCnda). erTi sityviT, brZolis yvela
niSani gamoikveTa. 22 dekembers ki, maT ukve omi daiwyes. Tbilisis
zRvaze dabanakebuli SeiaraRebuli Zalebi, romlebic aRar emor-
761
Cilebodnen prezidents, mTavrobis saxlisaken gamoemarTnen da
pirveli sisxlic daiRvara. kitovanis gvardia, mTavrobis saxlis
midamobeSi gamagrda, daiwyo „haubicebis“ srola.
opozicia mikrofoniT mouwodebda xelisuflebas iaraRi dae-
yaraT da danebebodnen. Cvens mxardasaWerad uamravi xalxi mogro-
viliyo, magram tyviebis wvimaSi mTavrobis sasaxlesTan miaxloebas
ver bedavdnen. me, rogorc iqna movaxerxe da mokle–mokle gadar-
benebiT mTavrobis saxlis rkinis WiSkramde mivaRwie. SenobaSi
jojoxeTuri xmauri idga. opozicionerTa tyviebs ukve Caelewa
fanjrebi, prezidentis kabineti da misaRebi ganadgurebuli iyo,
uzenaesi sabWos Senobis karebi dacxriluli da damtvreuli, Weri
Camongreuli, „haubicebis“ srolisagan erTi boZi gamongreuliyo.
etyoba opozicias mizanSi hqonda sayrdenebis gamocla da Seno-
bis Camomxoba. SeiaraRebuli „demokratebi“ momgebian situaciaSi
imyofebodnen. isini Tavdamsxmelebi iyvnen da icodnen, saiT unda
esrolaT, mTavrobis saxlSi dabanakebuli Zala(ZiriTadad moxal-
iseebi) ki ver flobda Tavs, tyviebs umiznod isrodnen, qaosurad.
iseTi STabeWdileba rCeboda, TiTqos mxolod mowinaaRmdeges
afrTxobdnen da Zalas aCvenebdnen. mebrZolebs samxedro momar-
ageba akldaT, xSirad Ciodnen, rom tyviebi da iaraRi ar hqondaT.
winadRes sastumro „TbilisSi“ dabanakebuli mowinaaRmdege ZalTa
dasazverad meomrebi gaegzavnaT. viRacas ebrZanebina win biWebi
wavidnen da ukan „beteerebi“ mihyveso. im Rames ramdenime mebrZo-
li daiRupa, arada piriqiT unda yofiliyo. aseT SemTxvevasac
hqonda adgili: mTavrobis saxlis ezoSi idga moZravi satelevizio
sadguri, telediqtorebi, operatorebi da teqnikosebi eTerSi ga-
sasvlelad emzadebodnen. moulodnelad ezoSi daubrkoleblad
Semovida „beteeri“ da tyviebi dauSina satelevizio sadgurSi myof
TanamSromlebs, Semdeg tyviebi moatara mTel Senobas da aseve
daubrkoleblad gavida. marTalia, mebrZolebma cecxli gauxsnes,
magram TviTon faqti iyo gasaocari; pirvelad maSin gaCnda eWvi,
rom Sida Ralatis Sesaxeb. aseTi SemTxvevis mowmec viyavi: meoTxe
sarTulze ganlagebul nawilSi xma dairxa, mowinaaRmdege Sveulm-
freniT apirebs Tavdasxmas da bombis Camogdebaso. mebrZolebi sa-
brZolvelad gaemzaddnen, magram male sxva informacia gavrcelda,
SveulmfrenSi Cveni biWebi sxedan da ar esroloTo. bombis Camog-
debamde ramdenime wuTiT adre, mebrZolebma yuradReba moadunes,
762
mere uceb gruxuni gaisma, Senobis Tavze, sadac Cven vimyofebodiT
bombi daeca. sulSemxuTavma gazma da mtverma aavso iqauroba,
gvegona ukve viRupebodiT. amis Semdeg saswrafod TavSesafarSi
CavediT, Tumca es TavSesafari ki ara, mTavrobis saxlis miwis-
qveSa nawilia, sadac xil–bostneulis, sursaTis maRazia da sxva
saTavsoebia Tavmoyrili, aqvea ganlagebuli sasadilo da bufeti
TanamSromelTaTvis.
TavSesafarSi ZiriTadad deputatebi, mebrZoli moxaliseebi da
gvardielebi imyofebodnen, arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi aRmovCn-
diT. mowinaaRmdegem satelefono xazebi gadaWra, radiosadguri
daikava, sursaTis maragi Tavdeboda... momsaxure personali: mza-
reulebi, mepureebi, mrecxavebi tyviebis cecxlSi Semosvlas veRar
bedavdnen, garTulda gvardielebisTvis saWmlis miwodeba, WurWlis
recxva, higienis dacva... garda amisa, Canda, rom SigniT, Cvens Sori-
sac moqmedebda ucxo Zala, romelic waramara mimarTavda provok-
aciebs: gadagviketes cxeli wyali, cecxli gaCnda sxvadasxva sar-
Tulebze, gaskda Tu gaafuWes Senobis gaTbobis milebi. yovelive
amis mowesrigebisaTvis deputatebma Seqmnes xuTkaciani jgufi, ma-
gram uSedegod, saorganizacio sakiTxebis mogvareba mainc gaWirda.
prezidentis samyofelisken gamaval karTan gvardielebi mori-
geobdnen. TiTqos Semowmebis gareSe aravis uSvebdnen, magram
irgvliv mainc bevri ucnobi, saeWvo piri trialebda, rogorc
mere mivxvdi, isini erTgvar fsiqologiur muSaobas atarebdnen,
avrcelebdnen sxvadasxva xmebs erTmaneTis dapirispirebisa da
ganxeTqilebis mizniT. Cvens Soris farulad moqmedebdnen. Tav-
SesafarSi ramdenjerme ucxoeli Jurnalistebic gvestumrnen, ma-
gram maTi SekiTxvebi raRac samgloviaro ganwyobilebiT JRerda
da TanagrZnobis mets arafers gamoxatavda. saerTod, maT ukve
gaekeTebinaT TavianTi saqme, imperiul Zalebs kargad daexmarnen
ganzraxulis aRsrulebaSi. swored maTi saSualebiT SeiTxza miTi
saqarTveloSi diqtaturisa da avtoritarizmis Sesaxeb, romlisac
TviTonve ar sjerodaT da romlis gamosyidvasac SemdegSi Seecad-
nen, magram mosaxdeni ukve moxda. im msoflio SeTqmulebaSi, rome-
lic saqarTvelos da kerZod, prezidentis winaaRmdeg moawyo ru-
sul-qarTulma „demokratiulma“ Zalam, ucxoel Jurnalistebsac
lomis wili miuZRviT.
24 dekembers, RamiT, besik quTaTelaZem deputatebs gvTxova
763
SevkrebiliyaviT metad mniSvenlovani informaciis mosasmenad. man
gamogvicxada, rom tyvia–wamali Tavdeboda, rom biWebs brZolis
gagrZelebisaTvis Zala aRar SeswevdaT da aRarc brZola surdaT
da rom masac sworad miaCnda maTi gadawyvetileba. amis gagonebam
deputatebi Segvafiqriana. cota ar iyos eWvis TvaliT SevxedeT
am cnobas, miTumetes igi Tavad Tavdacvis xelmZRvaneli iyo da
roca meTauri brZolis velze amas ambobs, es imas niSnavs, rom
ukve aRiarebs damarcxebas. normalur qveyanaSi, aseT dros brZo-
lis meTauri, samxedro piri tyvias ixlis SublSi, magram besik
quTaTelaZem am aqtis Sesruleba, faqtobrivad, prezidentisgan
moiTxova. swored maSin gavigeT, rom igi molaparakebia Tengiz
siguas da daTanxmebia prezidentis gadadgomaze. man isic gviTx-
ra, rom Tu prezidenti Tanaxma iqneba, Tengiz sigua aRuTqvams
mSvidobian gamgzavrebas baTumSi, xolo iqidan sazRvargareT. Tan
uzrunvelyofili iqneba misi col–Svilis usafrTxoebac. amis mos-
menam araerTgvarovani reaqcia gamoiwvia CvenSi.
bunebrivia, daibada kiTxva, icoda Tu ara prezidentma am
molaparakebis Sesaxeb da ra azrisa iyo. quTaTelaZem raRac
uTavbolod gvipasuxa. jer Tqva iciso, mere Tqva ar iciso... dep-
utatebi axmaurdnen, ramdenime kacma moisurva prezidentTan Sex-
vedra. ar vici, Semdeg riT damTavrda es ambavi, me mivatove isini,
magram rodesac meomrebma Seityves amis Sesaxeb, Zalze aRSfoTd-
nen da Tqves: – sisxlis ukanasknel wveTamde vibrZolebT da prezi-
dents ki ar davTmobTo.
25 dekembers miviReT cnoba, rom amerikam da sazRvargareTis
ramdenime qveyanam aRiara saqarTvelos damoukidebloba. aman didi
sixaruli gamoiwvia, prezidentma Cveuli mxneobiT da SemarTebiT
miuloca mebrZolebs es mniSvnelovani dRe... prezidenti, saerTod
iSviaTad Semodioda CvenTan. umetesad Tavdacvis sabWoSi midio-
da da ukanasknel cnobebs igebda. samwuxarod, aRmoCnda, rom aqac
ganxeTqilebam iCina Tavi. samxedro organizacia sruliad Cavarda.
vin ra brZanebas iZleoda, aravin icoda. gvardielebma gadawyvites
TviTon emarTaT sabrZolo poziciebi da TavianTi nebiT airCies
axali xelmZRvaneli. prezidentma da prezidiumma ministrebisa da
Tavdacvis Zalebis erTad Sekreba gadawyvites, magram erTiori min-
istris meti ar gamocxadda. samagierod, maT calke Seqmnes raRac
„neitraluri sabWo“ da „SeiaraRebul demokratebsa“ da prezidents
764
molaparakebisaken mouwodes. prezidenti amis winaaRmdeg ar wasu-
la da raRac SeTanxmebas Seudga. magram brZolis gawonasworeba
mainc ver moxerxda. Canda, rom Tanamdebobis pirebi ormag TamaSs
eweodnen da faqtobrivad gawires prezidenti. 30 dekemberi CvenT-
vis metad mZime iyo, zedized Semoasvenes Svidi SesaniSnavi vaJkaci.
maSin erTxel vigrZeni ganwiruloba, iseT yru kedels vangrevdiT,
rom veraviTari samSvidobo mowodeba veRar gasWrida. isini aRarc
iaraRs dayridnen da aRarc brZolas Sewyvetdnen. amasobaSi opozi-
ciam televiziac wagvarTva. quTaTelaZem sakuTari xeliT Caabara
maT teleanZa. TavSesafarSi fizikuri da sulieri mdgomareoba
kidev ufro damZimda.
axali wlis Semdeg Tavdacvis sabWos xelmZRvanelmac miatova
posti da TavSesafridan gavida, bolo dReebSi kidev ramdenime
kaci mokles da daWres. brZola aRar Tavdeboda. gaZleba autan-
eli iyo. prezidents veRar vnaxulobdiT, derefanSi gavlisas Tu
movkravdiT Tvals. Tavi mSvidad eWira, magram saxeze daZabuloba
exata. 4 ianvars, RamiT igi deputatebTan Semovida. Cvens Soris
dajda, dumiliT Segvavlo Tvali, Zalze naRvliani Canda, araferi
uTqvams, sul xuTi wuTi darCa, mere gulTbilad gviTxra dais-
veneTo da gavida, vigrZeni rom sulierad Zalze uWirda. magram,
samwuxarod, Cven ar aRmovCndiT is xalxi, vinc mis suls Svebas
mianiWebda. axla roca vfiqrob, ufro da ufro vrwmundebi, rom
zviad gamsaxurdia is kacia, romelsac Tavisi ganaTlebac, wodebac
da sulierebac mxolod imisTvis sWirdeboda, rom Tavisi qveynisT-
vis gamoeyenebina, Tavisi piradi RirsebiTac ufro aemaRlebina
Tavisi eri. igi daTanxmdeboda gadadgomaze, magram rogor unda
mieca amisi ufleba Tavisi TavisTvis, rodesac TiTqmis mTelma
saqarTvelom scno winamZRolad da prezidentad. amas adasturebs
is mravalaTasiani mitingebi, romelic im dReebSi mis mxardasaW-
erad imarTeboda.
5 ianvars mowinaaRmdegem srola ganaaxla. komkavSiris xeivnis
mxridan mTavrobis saxls isev dauSines „haubicebi“ (mere Tqves,
raketebio), me kinaRam am SemTxvevis msxverpli gavxdi. mTavrobis
saxlis Seminul Werze Wurvi gaskda da mTeli Senoba Searyia. ga-
isma araadamianuri Rriali. viRacam daiyvira sakace moitaneTo. me
grZel derefanSi gavvardi, SesasvlelSi prezidents SeveCexe. feri
mTlad dakarguli hqonda da aRelvebuli gamoiyureboda. daiRupa
765
vinme? – maSivne es hkiTxa Cems ukan momaval gvardiels.
ase, xuTi–eqvsi saaTisaTvis prezidentma gvardielebi Sekri-
ba. es ukanaskneli nawili iyo. „omonma“ diliT miatova mTavrobis
saxli da uari Tqva brZolis gagrZelebaze. TiTqmis yvela meTau-
ri opozicionerTa mxareze gadavida. darCa ukanaskneli erTguli
Zala, prezidentma jiqur, pirdapir hkiTxa biWebs, SeZlebdnen Tu
ara Senobis dacvas. gvardielebma erTxmad, mamacurad miuges, sisx-
lis ukanasknel wveTamde vibrZolebTo (Seasrules kidec es piro-
ba).
Sekreba male daiSala, gvian RamiT, sinaTle Caqra. sibneleSi
viRacam daiCurCula: – Turme opozicia benzinis Sesxmas apirebs
Senobaze, amowvas gvipirebeno. amis gagonebam Semzara, magram ar
gamimxelia. amasobaSi sarezervo sinaTle CarTes, mbJutav sinaTle-
Si saomrad aRWurvili meomrebi davinaxe. ramdenime wuTis Semdeg,
dacvis TanxlebiT prezidenti Semovida, – megobrebo! Tavdacvis
sabWom gadawyvita brZoliT gavikvlioT gza dasavleTisaken! av-
tobusebi gamzadebulia! – gamoacxada mokled, mtkice xmiT da
gauCinarda. amis gagonebam Tavzari damca. es „dasavleTi“ rebusad
iqca. veravin amixsna sad mivdiodiT, dasavleT saqarTveloSi Tu
sazRvargareT... bolos gadavwyvite, gavyvebi, qalaqgareT Camoval
da Sin davbrundebi–meTqi. amasobaSi gvardielebis da deputatebis
nawili ukve gavida. mec mivyevi. gasasvlelSi Cem nacnob Jurnalist
gogonebs Sevxvdi da maT mivekedle. CemTan aRmoCndnen uzenaesi
sabWos Tavjdomaris moadgile, finansTa ministri da safinanso–
sabiujeto komisiis Tavmjdomare. yvela erTad CavsxediT „ikarus-
Si“. male mTeli avtobusi gaivso SeiaraRebuli gvardielebiT, da-
viZariT, mere gavCerdiT, kvlav daviZariT. fanjarasTan vijeqi.
vigrZeni rom daRmarTze veSvebodiT, mere gza gasworda: farda
odnav gadavwie da davinaxe metexis xidis midamoebi, uceb Tvali
movkari avtomatians, romelic xidze gadarboda. viRacam daiyvira,
piketio. mZRolma avtobusi daamuxruWa da tyviebis wvimac wamov-
ida. alyaSi aRmovCndiT. ar daminaxavs, magram mivxvdi, mZRoli
mokles. ramdenime gvardieli daiWra. Cems ukan yvirili gaisma –
mokles, mokles!... irgvliv jojoxeTi iyo. tyvia yvelgan gveZebda,
vcdilobdiT skamebis qveS SevmZvraliyaviT, magram mxolod Tav-
ebs vafarebdiT erTmaneTs. moulodnelad avtobusis ukana mxares
yvirili atyda. Turme mandilosnebi msxdaran. ar vici vin iyvnen,
766
oRond maTi wyalobiT ki gadavrCiT: – ar isroloT biWebo exvewe-
bodnen Cvens gvardielebs (Tqven Tu SewyvetT srolas, isinic gaC-
erdebiano). marTlac, srola orive mxridan Sewyda. minebCamsxvreu-
li fanjrebidan gadaxtoma daviwyeT. gavrbodiT quCis sxvadasxva
kuTxeSi. bolos, vinc cocxali gadavrCiT, yvelam erT ezoSi mov-
iyareT Tavi. gadavwyviteT gaTenebas davlodebodiT, diliT ezo-
Si SeiaraRebuli axalgazrdebi Semocvivdnen da dagvatyveves. me,
uzenaesi sabWos Tavjdomaris moadgile da safinanso–sabiujeto
komisiis Tavjdomare erTad wagviyvanes StabSi, romelic mecniere-
baTa akademiis SenobaSi iyo mowyobili. iq dagxvda nacemi deputa-
ti merab kiknaZe, „demokratiuli opoziciis“ cnobili warmomad-
genlebi, samxedro pirebi, nacnobebi da ucnobebi. saxeldaxelo
teleintervius Tu telesasamarTlos Semdeg diRmis izolatorSi
gagvistumres. gaCxrekvis, gasaubrebisa da Cvenebis CamorTmevis
Semdeg cal–calke mogvaTavses sakanSi, meore–mesame dRes damiba-
ra prokurorma. amis Semdeg gamomiSves saxlSi.
es aris mokle, mZime istoria im Semzaravi tragediisa, romel-
ic saqarTvelos „demokratiulma sazogadoebam“ mouwyo sakuTar
xalxs, kanonier xelisuflebas da romlis irgvlivac kidev bevri
ram darCa saTqmeli.
irine taliaSvili
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos deputati, mwerali.
TviTmxilvelis Canawerebi
3 da 7 ianvris momitingeTa ultrafSisturi daxvretebis Sem-

dgom, TbilisSi kanonieri xelisuflebisa da prezidentis mxar-
damWerma sazogadoebriobam kvlav ganaaxla xuntis sawinaaRmdego
saprotesto mitingebi vagzlis moedanze:
22–23 ianvars vagzlis moednidan daZrul mravalaTasian mo-
mitingeebs xuntam kvlav agvitexa srola metro „rusTavelTan“,
romelic winaswar iyo gadaxergili avtobusebiT. SeiaraRebuli
gvardielebi da mxedrionelebi, avtobusebis meore mxridan ce-
cxls gvixsnidnen da gvesrodnen „kvamlis koWebs“. momitingeTa-
gan „moitaces“ 2 qali da erTi kaci, romlebic cemiTa da TreviT
767
waaTries mecnierebaTa akademiis Senobisaken, sadac iyo xuntis
Stab-bina. maT yovel gasrolas manifestantebi taSis cemiTa da
„yoCaR!“–is ironiuli SeZaxilebiT vpasuxobdiT. gvesrodnen manam
sanam ukuqcevis gadawyvetileba ar miviReT, ukuqceuli manifes-
tantebi vskandirebdiT: „gaumarjos kanonier prezidents!“ „Zirs
xunta!“ „faSistebi, faSistebi!“ xolo respublikis gamomcemlo-
ba „samSoblosTan“ (yofili ck–s gamomcemloba) kvlav SevCerdiT
SeZaxilebiTa da mowodebebiT: „simarTle! simarTle!“
SenobaSi gamomwyvdeuli Jurnalistebis didi umravlesoba
TanagrZnobiTa da solidarobiT gvikravda taSs da xelebs uZlu-
rad Slidnen, riTac migvaniSnebdnen – uufleboni varTo.
manifestantebi kostavas quCiT vbrundebodiT vagzlis moedni-
saken. gmirTa moedanTan miaxloebulebs „fiqris goridan“ (Tabu-
kaSvilebis saxlis ferdobidan) gvardielebma srola kvlav agvi-
texes.
24 ianvars momitingeebi vagzlis moednidan gavemarTeT
naZaladevis raionisaken cotne dadianis quCiT. №1 samSobiaro
saxlTan xuntam srola agvitexa. SeSinebuli xalxis mcire nawili
Semogvecala, xolo didma nawilma, didubis gadakveTiT, diRmis
masivSi miliciis sammarTvelosaken aviReT gezi. didubeSi maud–
kamvolis kombinatTan kvlav gaimeores srolebi. Cven mainc mama-
curad ganvagrZeT gza win. miliciis sammarTvelosTan moviTxoveT
moSimSileebis (romlebic mxecurad daarbies da daapatimres 20–21
ianvars vagzlis vestibiulSi) da politpatimar deputatebis – ab-
sanZisa da gelantias – gaTavisufleba.
25 ianvars vagzlis moednidan daiZra daaxloebiT 15–aTasiani
manifestacia aRmaSeneblis gamzirisaken. varancovis xidTan gvard-
ielebma satvirTo manqanebiTa da javSantransportiorebiT gza
gadagviketes da pirdapir xalxisaken avtomatmomarjvebulebma,
muqariT: „gesvriT!“ gvaiZules gavfantuliyaviT.
26 ianvars vagzlidan saburTalos mimarTulebiT daZrul mani-
festantebs taSkentis quCaze srola agvitexes. daiWra ramdenime,
daapatimres zogierTi momitinge (daWril–dapatimrebulTa vinao-
bis dadgena, umetes SemTxvevaSi Cvengan didxans ver xerxdeboda,
vinaidan gaSmagebuli gvardielebi daWrilebs TviTonve itacebd-
nen, rom ar mogvexdina maTi fiqsacia).
29 ianvars 30–aTasiani manifestacia, aRmaSeneblis gamziriT
768
gaemarTa kolmeurneobis moednisaken. SeiaraRebulma gvardielebma
orjer gadagviketes gza javSantransportiorebiTa da satvirTo
manqanebiT, magram viwrobiT mainc gavaRwieT kolmeurneobis moed-
nisaken. Tavisuflebis moedanTan miaxloebulebs javSantranspor-
tioridan gagvixsnes cecxli, srola naxevar saaTs gagrZelda. sax-
anZro manqanebidanac wylis Wavli mogviSves.
30 ianvars mTavrobis SenobasTan (ingoroyvas quCa) momitin-
geebs, sasaxlis fanjrebidan wylis mZlavri Wavli mogviSves, didx-
ans mainc ar davSlilvarT, vyvirodiT: „gadadeqiT! gadadeqiT!“
„Zirs xunta!“ „SevardnaZe iuda!“
31 ianvars mravalaTasiani momitingeebi vbrundebodiT mTav-
robis sasaxlidan, sadac erTsaaTiani mitingi gavmarTeT. dab-
runebulebs cirkis goridan srola agvitexes. aseve ramdenjerme
gvesroles aRmaSenebelis prospeqtTanac ucxouri markis manqa-
nebidan. aravin daWrila (msgavsi srolebi miznad isaxavs Cvens
daSinebasa da terorizebas).
1 Tebervals gaimarTa, daaxloebiT samasi aTasiani mitingi-man-
ifestacia. manifestantebs, mTavrobis sasaxlesTan Semogverivnen
e. w. kongresis wevrebi, romlebic Seecadnen agitacia-propa-
gandis gawevas TavianTi partiebisa. erovnul-demokratiuli da
erovnul–damoukideblobis partiis wevrebi momitingeebs xel-
idan glejdnen prezident gamsaxurdias suraTebs. „rad gindaT
es satana. sigua–kitovan–ioseliani sisxliania, arCevnebSi Cven
mogveciT xmao“, gvarigebdnen. agresiulobiTa da RvarZliT ga-
moirCeoda erovnul-demokratiuli (Wanturia) partiis wevrebi.
xalxma ar isurva maTi mosmena, ramac gaaRiziana isini da ginebasa
da fizikur Seuracxyofaze gadavidnen, riTac lamis provakaciaze
wamoages prezidentis mxardamWerebi.
2 Tebervals jalaTma kitovanma sastikad daarbia 400-aTasiani
mitingi. misma gvardiam, jer cirkis goridan agvitexa srola da
iqve daxvrites 3 momitinge, manifestantebma mimarTuleba Sevcva-
leT da aRmaSeneblis gamziriT ganvagrZeT svla. marjaniSvilis
quCaze momwyvdeul manifestantebSi Semogrialda javSantrans-
portiorebi da iwyes adamianTa dauzogavi xvreta. xalxma sadar-
bazoebsa da ezoebs miaSures. gvardielebi monadireebiviT dasde-
vdnen maT da avtomatebis jeriT celavdnen. arazusti monacemebiT
daxoces da daWres 40 kaci.
769
3 Tebervals universitetis ezoSi Sekrebil momitingeebs
srola agvitexes, riTac CagviSales mitingis Catarebis mcdeloba.
13 Tebervals vagzlis moednidan, momitingeebi kvlav javSant-
ransportiorebiTa da avtomatebis sroliT gagvrekes.
2 marts universitetis ezoSi mitingi kvlav iaraRis ZaliT iqna
darbeuli.
9 marts aseve iaraRis ZaliT daarbies mitingi vagzlis moedanze.
31 marts, universitetis ezoSi studentTa ZalebiT unda
Catarebuliyo mitingi, miliciam da neokomkavSirelma studenteb-
ma (giorgi maisuraZem, giga bokeriam, goka gabaSvilma da sxveb-
ma) sastikad daarbies studenti momitingeebi. daiWires da cemes
ramdenime studenti, bevri maTgani daapatimres. amave dRes aseve
daarbies mitingebi vagzlis moedanze da Tavisuflebis moedanze,
betereebiT gvsdies.
7 aprils samedicino institutTan „9 aprilis“ dReebisadmi miZ-
Rvnili mitingi kvlav miliciisa da neokomkavSireli studentebis
ZaliT iqna darbeuli.
8 aprils igive gaimeores momitinge studentebisa da moqa-
laqeebis mimarT. cemes da daakaves mravali maTgani, daaxloebiT
30–mde kaci.
7 aprils, 7 saaTze metro delisTan, samedicino institutTan
gamarTul mitingidan wamosul Jurnalists naira maxaSvils (gazeT
„Saravandis“ TanamSromels, romelic am samsaxuridan 2 dRis win
gaaTavisufla am gazeTis redaqtormama mweralma guram fanjik-
iZem, Tavs daesxa 5 SeiaraRebuli piri, romlebmac Jurnalists
mosTxoves pasporti, am ukanasknels igi ar aRmoaCnda, ris Semdeg
aiZules Cajdomoda maT manqanaSi. manqanaSi CajdomisTanave orma
maTganma mas TavSi Caartya. Jurnalistma sityviT gamoxata pro-
testi amgvari mopyrobis gamo, razec maT Seuties: – „Sen Tavi mit-
ingze xom ar ggoniao!...“ da kvlav Caartyes saxeSi, naxevrad gon-
wasulma igrZno rom manqana miqroda. igi (misi varaudiT) miiyvanes
komendaturaSi, gauCxrikes CanTa, amoacales telefonebis wignaki
da kvlav dauwyes cema yovelgvari braldebis gareSe. cemes gonis
wasvlamde, gonwasuli Seagdes kameraSi. daaxloebiT erTi saaTis
Semdeg gamoaTries kameridan, gaiyvanes gareT, kvlav Caagdes manqa-
naSi da miiyvanes Tavisi sacxovrebeli saxlis sadarbazosTan, ris
Semdeg isini miikargnen. Jurnalisti amtkicebs, rom mas maTTvis
770
misamarTi ar dausaxelebia, igi arc ukiTxavT misTvis, gadmoyvanis
dros hkiTxes mxolod sacxovrebeli sarTulis nomeri.
maxaSvili erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi iyo avad tvinis SeryeviT,
yelze da saxeze aReniSneboda sisxlCaqcevebi, mkurnalobda ker-
Zod, radgan eSinoda saavadmyofoSi dawolis.
10 maiss, rusTavelis ZeglTan daniSnuli iyo morigi mitingi.
saxelmwifo sabWom rusTavelze gaaCera metros moZraoba. metros
mimdebare teritoriebi savse iyo „dubinkebiani“ milicielebiT
(daaxloebiT 1000-mde milicieli) da policiis beteerebiT (10-mde
beteeri). momitingeebs aq ar mogvces mitingis Catarebis saSuale-
ba. Cven universitetisaken daviZariT. milicielebma dagvaswres
da cocxali jaWviT gadaketes universitetis ezo. SevCerdiT Cais
saxlTan, sadac mokle sityviT gamovida universitetis profe-
sori Tengiz kikaCeiSvili, romelic patimrobidan 2 dRis gaTavi-
suflebuli iyo (igi, dakavebidan me-4-e dRes gaaTavisufles stu-
dentebisa da profesor-maswavleblebis saprotesto ZalisxmeviT).
milicielebma mas waarTves megafoni. agvitexes srola, daiWra ra-
modenime momitinge. gaCaRda nadiroba momitingeebze, daiWires da
sastikad cemes mravali.
18 maiss erovnul-gamanTavisuflebelma moZraobam kvlav sca-
da mitingis Catareba metro rusTavelTan, magram miliciam gamoi-
yena avCarka ZaRlebi, mogvisies isini, riTac CagviSales mitingis
Catarebis mcdeloba.
26 maiss CavatareT mitingi filarmoniasTan 13-saaTze. Seikriba
daaxloebiT 20-aTasamde kaci. momitingeebs ekavaT prezident gam-
saxurdias suraTebi da inglisur-qarTulenovani transparantebi:
„Sewydes saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis xelyofa“, „Zirs
SevardnaZis diqtatura!“ „moviTxovT kanonieri xelisuflebis aR-
dgenas“, „Zirs xunta!“ „boikoti xuntis arCevnebs!“
mitingis damTavrebis Semdeg davapireT svla merab kostavas
saxlisaken. miuxedavad imisa, rom im dRes oficialurad moxsni-
li iyo komendantis saaTi da sagangebo mdgomareoba, miliciam
da mxedrionma manifestantebs mainc avtomatebis cecxli gagvix-
snes, dagvixies transparantebi. rusTavelis prospeqtidan mani-
festantebisaken mTeli siswrafiT gamoqanda ramdenime msubuqi
avtomanqana, xalxma Zlivs moaswro „derefnis“ gakeTeba. gaavebu-
li mxedrionelebi nadirobdnen qalebze da sastikad cemdnen maT.
771
cemes, agreTve erT–erTi fotokorespondenti, dauglijes firi.
ase esrola saqarTvelos Tavisuflebas e. w. mTavrobam filar-
moniasTan, xolo sastumro „iveriasTan“ ki Tavad farisevlurad
zeimobda 26 maiss mis mason megobar jeims beikerTan erTad.
24 ivniss saxelmwifo sabWom (SevardnaZe-sigua-ioseliani)
moawyo avantiuristuli Tavdasxmis inscenireba televiziasa da
teleanZaze, riTac provokaciaze wamoago prezidentis mxardam-
Werebi. isini, deputatebTan erTad Seityues televiziaSi. depu-
tat valter SurRaiasa da universitetis student eka xerxeuliZ-
es radioTi gaakeTebines mowodeba mosaxleobisadmi, rom TiTqos
maT usisxlod aiRes televizia, yvelani gaverTiandiT da modiT
televiziasTano. gulubryvilo xalxis mcire nawili Sevida tele-
viziis SenobaSi (didi nawili daeWvda da televiziaSi Sesvlaze
Tavi Seikava), maT iq daaxvedres avtomatebi da mouwodes SesaZlo
winaaRmdegobis SemTxvevaSi xelSi aeRoT igi, raTa Tavi daecvaT.
ramodenime wuTSi garedan marTlac atyda srolebi, gamoCdnen Sei-
araRebuli xalxiT savse vertmfrenebic. ramodenime saaTis Semdeg
mxedrionelebma SturmiT aiRes“televizia, Tumca maT Signidan
SeiaraRebul winaaRmdegobas aravin uwevda (srolebi iyo mxolod
erTmxrivi, garedan). televiziaSi momwyvdeuli prezidentis mxar-
damWerebi da TviT valter SurRaia da eka xerxeuliZec daapatim-
res.
26 ivniss didubis parkSi, xuntis Sinaganma jarma iaraRis Zal-
iT daarbia iq Sekrebili kanonieri prezidentis momxreebi (200-mde
kaci) da daiWires ramodenime maTgani. maT brali dasdes, rom
TiTqos 24 ivniss isinic iyvnen televiziaSi Sesulni iaraRiT xe-
lSi.
16 seqtembers, 18 saaTze, rusTavelis moedanze Catarda mcire-
ricxovani mitingi afxazeTis ambebsa da momaval 11 oqtombris
arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT. mitingi 15 wuTis Semdeg daarbies xe-
lketebianma da iaraRianma Sianagani jaris nawilebma. daakaves ra-
modenime momitinge: Tbilisis universitetis docenti moris mu-
seriZe, misi Svili, universitetis aspiranti mamuka museriZe, fil.
mecn. kandidati eTer mgalobliSvili, gela daviTaia da sxvebi. Ta-
vdamsxmelebi SeiWrnen merab kostavas saxl–muzeumSi, sadac Tavi
Seafares gaqceulma momitingeebma da miuxedavad kostavas dedis,
qalbaton olias saprotesto winaaRmdegobisa, isini mainc dajir-
772
iTobdnen oTaxebSi, ejajgurebodnen karebs da ZaliT gamohyavdaT
xalxi. am Tavxedobas ver gauZlo isedac dauZlurebuli qalbato-
ni olias gulma da igi cudad Seiqmna.
opozicias ar gveZleva aranairi saSualeba (gvixuraven da gvir-
beven gazeTebs, gviWeren proklamaciis gavrcelebisTvis, televi-
ziasa da radioSi gamosvlaze xom laparakic zedmetia) arCevnebis
wina dReebSi mainc gavwioT arCevnebis boikotirebis propaganda
da gamovTqvaT Cveni Tavisufali azri, qveyanaSi mZvinvarebs ter-
ori da wiTeli faSizmi. ai, ra gziT cdilobs dakanonebas eduard
SevardnaZe, rameTu icis sxvagvarad, anu demokratiulad ver da-
kanondeba.
leila comaia
saqarTvelos respublikis generalur

prokurors baton jamlet babilaSvils
igor JorJis Ze Tolordavas
gancxadeba
me, igor (iura, huseina) JorJis Ze Tolordava, eqs–prezidentis

gvardiis wevri, gasamarTlebuli viyavi sisxlis samarTlis 65–78
muxlebiT, gasamarTlebuli viyavi uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier. 45–
muxlis safuZvelze, Semefarda 4-wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa, ro-
melic srulad movixade 1997 w. 1 dekembers. ganTavisuflebis Sem-
deg 1998 w. 17 Tebervals damakaves tyvia-wamlis ukanonod Senaxvis
faqtze, dakavebuli viyavi Tvenaxevris ganmavlobaSi. qalbaton
elene TevdoraZis da bat. kaxa jiqias TxovniT da SuamdgomlobiT
gamanTavisufles TavdebiT da pirobiT sasjelad Semifardes ori
weli.
mimdinare wlis 20 oqtombers dRis 3 saaTze q. zugdidSi en-
gur qaRald kombinatis teritoriaze CemTvis ucnobma pirebma,
romlebic aRmoCndnen zugdidis S. s. sammarTvelos TanamSromle-
bi damakaves da wamiyvanes sammarTvelos samorigeo nawilSi. daax-
loebiT erT saaTSi movida CemTvis ucnobi pirovneba da gamacno
773
Tavi, rogorc galis prokuraturis staJior gamomZiebeli qiria,
romelmac ganacxada, rom me igori JorJis Ze Tolordava eWvmit-
anili var galis raionis sof. saberioSi policiis qveganyofile-
baze TavdasxmaSi, romelic moxda xuTi ucnobi piris mier 1993 w.
aprilSi. am Tavdasxmis dros ucnob pirebs policiis TanamSrom-
lebisTvis waurTmeviaT pistoleti, avtomaturi iaraRi da „uazis“
tipis avtomanqana. am faqtTan dakavSirebiT yofila aRZruli saqme
imave wlis agvistos.
1993 w. 1 dekembers me damakaves policiis muSakebma sakuTar
saxlSi. weliwadi da Svidi Tve ZiebaSi viyavi, Cems saqmes iZiebda
saqarTvelos generaluri prokuratura, gansakuTrebul saqme-
Ta gamomZiebeli bat. anzor xvadagiani. Cemi dapatimrebis Sesaxeb
gadaica centraluri televiziiT, radioTi da sainformacio sa-
SualebebiT, mTelma saqarTvelom icoda Cemi dapatimrebis Ses-
axeb. Tu Cems mimarT aRZruli iyo sisxlis samarTlis saqme, ro-
melsac mabraleben 240–III 243–III muxlebiT, ratom ar ganacxades.
me sasamarTlos msvlelobis dros yvelaferi vaRiare da ra azri
hqonda CemTvis am saqmis damalvas, sulerTia rac momisajes imaze
mets mainc ar momisjidnen. me kategoriulad vacxadeb, rom es aris
Cems winaaRmdeg winaswar SeTiTxnili braldeba, saarCevno period-
Tan dakavSirebiT.
pativiscemiT i. Tolordava
26.X. 1999 w.
gancxadeba
a. w. 13 Tebervals me, ekaterine dadiani damakaves vagzlis
moednis metrosTan, sadac unda Catarebuliyo mitingi.
komendaturaSi momisajes 30 dRiT patimroba da wamiyvanes
droebiTi dakavebis izolatorSi, momaTavses me-9 sakanSi, sadac
davyavi 16 dRe.
e. dadiani
3.04.1992 w.
774
gancxadeba
1991 wlis 22 dekembers, xuntam korumpirebuli inteligenciis,

ruseTis jaris, xelmocaruli politikosebis gamoyenebiT, maTi
mosyidviT, saqarTveloSi moawyo samxedro gadatrialeba. 1991
wlis 22 dekemberi Cveni eris istoriaSi Seva Ralatis, daundob-
lobis, siborotis, uzneobis TariRad. dRes – glovis, ZmaTaSoris
omis, ZmaTa sisxlisRvris, qveynis ganadgurebis wlisTavia. gasuli
wlis am Savi dekembris dRidan daiwyo qarTvel vaJkacTa gegmiuri
ganadgureba. klavdnen uiaraRo gvardielebs, momitingeebs, depu-
tatebs, qalebs... 22 dekembers qaSveTidan nasrolma yumbaram kar-
avSi mospo moSimSile avelina pertia, deputati arkadi markozia
Tavisuflebis moedanze dacxriles, uzenaesi sabWos win daxvrites
prezidentis mxardaWerisTvis arCil ramiSvili, cicino qevxiSvi-
li, gizo xatiaSvili, daTo xelaSvili da aTobiT vaJkaci. 23 dekem-
bers, daWrilebis gamoyvanis dros, kavSirgabmulobis SenobasTan
mokles varaz varaziSvili, 3 ianvars sastikad daarbies mitingi
metro „didubesTan“, sadac daxvrites 21 wlis givi rexviaSvili,
51 wlis tristan ceraZe, 21 wlis levan TaqTaqiSvili da 21 wlis
kaxa arseniZe. 2 Tebervals 200 000-iani mitingis darbevisas daWres
da daxoces asamde axalgazrda, moxuci, bavSvi, esroles mitingis
medroSes 17 wlis mamuka teriSvilis, daxvrites jvari... im dRes
daxvrites rjulis kanonic da rwmenac. „demokratiuli“ presa
dumda, arsad ar iyo xseneba daRupulTa gmirebis.
uzomoa da uzarmazari xuntis danaSauli qarTveli xalxis wi-
naSe, erovnuli moZraobis ganadgurebaSi, terorisa da ganukiTx-
aobis damkvidrebaSi. Tbilisis omis, axalgazrdobis ganadgurebis,
Rirsebisa da zneobis Selaxvis, Tbilisis dangrevis Semdgom, xun-
tam daiwyo mTeli saqarTvelos darbeva. ZaZebiT Semosili qvrive-
bi, ganadgurebuli dedebi, dangreuli ojaxebi, avazakTa TareSi,
sisastike „mxedrionelebisa“ da gvardielebisa zugdidSi da foT-
Si, walenjixasa da xobSi... dedebis Tvalwin xocavdnen Svilebs, ma-
mebisa da qmrebis winaSe aupatiurebdnen mcirewlovan gogonebsa
da colebs, Semdeg ki klavdnen, iTxovdnen gamosasyids micvale-
bulTa gvamebisaTvis...
kanonieri xelisuflebis damxobis Semdeg saxelmwifo sabWom Za-
lauflebis xelSi Cagdebis dRidan sisxlis gubeebi daayena sruli-
775
ad saqarTveloSi, aawioka da gaanadgura TiTqmis yvela regioni.
saxelmwifo sabWos mesveurebma sruli kraxi ganicades samaCablo-
Si, dasavleT saqarTveloSi, magram gadadgomis nacvlad maT axali
danaSauli Caidines – daiwyes omi afxazeTSi, frontis wina xazze
iRupeba axalgazrdoba, „mxedrionelebi“ da „samSoblos damcveli“
gvardielebi mosaxleobis Zarcva–glejasa da momitingeebis Jle-
tas Seudgnen. ase mokles oCamCireSi geno samuSia, cocxlad dawves
misi meuRle, daxvrites mezoblebis saSvelad mosuli mama–Svili
gvaramiebi.
niSandoblivia, rom politikurad da moralurad damarcxebu-
li saxelmwifo sabWos wevrebi qarTvelebis ganadgurebis Semdeg
TiTqmis sruli SemadgenlobiT parlamentSi agrZeleben „moR-
vaweobas“.
aivso moTminebis fiala, gaskda saguleSi amomwvari guli, kvne-
sis saqarTvelo, glovobs qarTvlis deda. eris udidesi nawili
gmobs xelisuflebis diqtaturas, romelic ar gamoxatavs xalxis
interesebs da agrZelebs binZur oms afxazeTSi.
Cven, daRupul qarTvelTa vaJkacebis dedebi, moviTxovT
erovnuli genofondis dacvas, uzneobisa da ukanonobis dagmobas,
axalgazrdobis gadarCenas, afxazeTis omis Sewyvetas.
mouSuSebelia Cveni Wriloba Svilebis dakargvis gamo, magram
gacilebiT ufro didia tkivili saqarTveloze.
Cven movuwodebT qalebs, dedebs, debs, Svilebs, mTel ers imo-
qmedon da ifiqron eris gadarCenaze.
Cven SurisZieba ar gvamoZravebs, uzomo tkivilis miuxedavad
Cven SegviZlia SevundoT Secdomil ZeT, romlebmac iaraRi aiRes
xelSi, magram ver SevundobT jalaTebs, vinc saqarTveloSi sasak-
lao moawyo.
qveynis, Tavisufali saqarTvelos aSeneba sisxliani xelebiT
SeuZlebelia. Cven, Cveni Svilebis wminda saxelebis winaSe, val-
debulebi varT moviTxovoT ukanonobisa da siborotis alagmva.
ganisajon da daisajon organizatorebi da sulisCamdgmelebi Zma-
Ta sisxlismRvreli omisa saqarTveloSi, romelic erTi wlis win
daiwyo da saqarTvelos mravali raioni moiara. sisxliani qorwili
gamarTa gagraSi, oCamCireSi, soxumSi. omi dResac grZeldeba. Sim-
Sili, darbeva, dasmena, Ralati moadga yvela qarTvelis kars.
dedebo, amoiReT xma! daicaviT Tqveni Svilebi, gadaarCineT
776
isini, ifiqreT saqarTvelos momavalze! iloceT, RmerTi Seismens
dedaTa locvas.
Saosan dedaTa komitetis saxeliT klara Sedania.
wiTeli eSmakunebi
me-19 saukunis dasawyisSi social-demokratebi quCa-quCa dar-

bodnen, xalxs Zarcvavdnen da tyeSi imalebodnen. me-19 saukunis
20-30-iani wlebidan. SeiaraRebuli revoluciis Sedegad xelisu-
flebaSi movidnen, kostiumebi moirges, halstuxebi gaikeTes da
kabinetebSi dasxdnen. maT arafris codna ar evalebodaT, mxolod
saTaveSi myofi funqcioneris davaleba pirnaTlad unda Seesrule-
binaT. diplomebsac formalurad iRebdnen, e.w. Cawyobebi sanimu-
Sod moqmedebda da partiis wevrs uars diplomze vin etyoda? mok-
led, gadavxedoT „didi politikosis“ warsulis istorias. amboben
saferSlo Zlivs daamTavra da samedicinoze apirebda swavlis
gagrZelebas, magram im codniT cxonebulma petre gelbaxianma ar
dauSva. moyvanili faqtic adasturebs, rom maRal Tanamdebobebze
winaurdebodnen ara codnis mixedviT, aramed komunisturi parti-
is erTgulebis niSniT. diplomis aRebac nebismierisaTvis, visac
fuli hqonda advili iyo, e.w. Cawyoba kargad Wrida da diplomebs
kriminalebic flobdnen. amgvarad kriminalebi inteligencias
Seerwya da mwerlebi Tu sxva dargis xelovanebi gaxdnen, magaliT-
ad jaba ioseliani. dRes sabWoTa kavSiris yofil teritoriaze
msgavs klanebs Soris mimdinareobs Widili mxolod qonebisaTvis.
gadis wlebi, icvlebian xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi, magram Se-
qmnili maxinji sistema ucvleli rCeba. xelisuflebis saTaveSi ki
modian an iaraRiT, an sicrue-eSmakobiT.zviadis udidesi damsax-
ureba is aris, rom man pirvelma Cauyara safuZveli, saxelmwifos
mSvidobian gadasvlas swor relsebze. misi damsaxureba rom gaeqa-
rwylebinaT, wiTeli eSmakunebi ras ar ugonebdnen, „ruseTs lanZ-
Ravdao“. uvicebs, lanZRva da mxileba erTmaneTisgan ver gaurCev-
iaT. misi brZolis meTodi mxileba iyo da Tqveni WkuiT, gulSi
unda eCurCula ra danaSaulsac ruseTis imperia sCadioda? „aravin
777
ar undoda qarTvelebis gardao“, usindisod cruobdiT. zviadma
mravalgzis ganacxada mitingze. „Cven yvelas mivcemT moqalaqeo-
bas, vinc iaraRiT ar dagvipirispirdeba, „Cven mWidro kavSiri
gveqneba rus xalxTan, Cvens uSualo mezoblebTan.“ zviadi xSirad
imeorebda „Cven ar vivliT barabas gziT, Cven vivliT qristes
gziT“. axla zogierTs ukvirs ratom aRmovCndiT am dReSi. minda
b-n rezo amaSukels mivmarTo. ase Zalian rom gikvirT Seqmnili
viTareba, rogor davijero Tqven ver mixvdiT, barabas gziT siaru-
li rom sikeTes ar moitanda? gaxsovT albaT filmidan: „es varla-
mis gzaa, igi taZramde ver migiyvanT“. Tu varlamis gzas ver mivya-
varT taZramde, SevardnaZis gza rogorRa migviyvanda? varlam
araviZe da eduard SevardnaZe prototipebi ar arian? orive fun-
qcioneri komunistebi ar arian? ratom gaukvirda q-n Tako Carkvi-
ans, roca mamamisis mTawmindaze dakrZalva gaaprotestes? didi
gawiwmatebiT mouTxrobda msmenels, rom mamamisi zviadis megobari
iyoo. rac mamaTqvenma damoukidebeli saqarTvelos winaSe Caidina,
avtomatgadakidebuli televiziis win rom daabijebda, visken iyo
is miSverili? rusis jarisken, Tu im pirovnebisken, romelmac saqa-
rTvelo am jarisgan gaaTavisufla? wiTeli inteligencia dRemde
TvalTmaqcobs, logikas gverds uvlian da sicrues aTasnairi fi-
losofiebis moSveliebiT fuTaven, rom saubari lamazi gamovides
msmenelis mosatyueblad. guguSvilo, rom bodav zviadis gamo
ojaxebs awiokebdneno, brali zviads unda dasdo Tu am adami-
anebis amwiokeblebs? zviadis devna misi piradi saqmis gamo xdebo-
da? es tvirTi marto mas unda ezida? marto aseTi SegnebiTac
sakmarisia normalurma adamianma daskvna gaakeTos, vinc brZandeb-
iT! Tu kidev vinmes sjera Tqveni, margvelanis da gvancelaZis gar-
da, male isic mixvdeba Tqvens vireSmakobas. Tavs ise gvaCvenebT,
rom TiTqos Tqven iyaviT didi „mebrZoli“ da zviadi damTmobi.
imdensac ver xvdebi, rom zviadi iaraRiT brZolis winaaRmdegi
iyo, Torem mSvidobiani brZola rodis Sewyvita? gadadgomaze
xeli moawera? TiTqos ar ici SevardnaZis jalaTebma ratom awames.
SevardnaZes legitimuroba rom ar miarTva, amitom! damTmobi rom
yofiliyo moawerda xels „sng“-s xelSekrulebaze da Sedegad mi-
viRebdiT mas, rac dRes gvaqvs. am ubedurebaSi lomis wili gaqvT
dadebuli da pasuxismgeblobas versad gaeqceviT.zviads mTeli
msoflio mafia ebrZoda CrdiloTidan Tu dasavleTidan. aitaces
778
Jurnalist bolqvaZis mkvleloba da sapatio dafaze gamoakres
msoflios dasanaxad, TiTqos igi prezidentis momxreebma mokles.
aqac kargad sCans Sida da gare Zalebis Wkuasustoba. mas qobalias
abraleben da aba logikas gavyveT, ratom unda moekla qobalias
Jurnalisti, romelsac situaciis obieqturi gaSuqeba evaleba?
Jurnalists maSin erCian, roca simarTle ar surT sajaro gaxadon.
dakvirvebuli TvaliTac kargad sCans, rom dagegmili provokacia
iyo. rac ucxoeTSi usamarTlo omebSi Jurnalistebs xocaven, ra
aris gasakviri?! provokatorebi cota hyavda putCistebs? ratom
darboda naTaZe mTeli Rame quCaSi da ruporiT gahyviroda, 60 ja-
riskaci daiRupao, rkonidan kitovanis mier gabriyvebuli gvard-
ielebis dasaxsnelad rom operacia Catarda. roca hkiTxes, aba im
60-dan erTi mainc gvaCveneo, moibodiSa. Tqven gaqvT kidev erTi
udidesi danaSauli,rac Tqvenma SeiaraRebulma banditebma mcxeTis
gzaze nataxtarTan Caidines. ras erCodnen patiosan axalgazrdas
paata sulxaniSvils, sicocxles rom gamoasalmes? yurmokruli am-
bavi rom ar gegonoT, yvelafers dawvrilebiT giambobT; putCis
Semdeg „wminda ilia marTlis“ sazogadoebis wevrebi kardakar da-
vdiodiT da vikvlevdiT vin sad da ra viTarebaSi daiRupa. paata
sulxaniSvilis dedam gviambo. „Cemi vaJi erovnul moZraobaSi iyo
CarTuli da roca gaiyvnen, prezidentis mowinaaRmdegeebis mxareze
aRmoCnda, megobrebs ver Seelia, magram roca mixvda, rom saxelm-
wifo gadatrialebas amzadebdnen, CamoSorda maT. gareT saerTod
aRar gadioda da SemomCioda Cemi megobrebi cud gzas daadgnen da
aRar minda maTTan kontaqtio. im sabediswero saRamos moakiTxes
da nataxtarSi maTTan erTad wasvla Txoves. ar undoda wasvla,
pirdapir uTxra, iaraRiT xarT da ar minda mec SarSi gamxvioTo.
didxans umtkices, nataxtarSi puris saWmelad mivdivarT, sxva
araferi mizani ara gvaqvso. waiyvanes da meore dRes, roca
prezidentis momxre gvardielebi dasavleT saqarTveloSi
miemarTebodnen, naTaZis banditebi gzaze gadaeRobnen. paatam maTi
SeCereba rom ver moaxerxa, gvardielebisken xelebaweuli gaiqca,
Zmebo srola ar atexoT, ai naxeT me iaraRi ara maqvso“. banditeb-
ma zurgidan mainc esroles. am axalgazrdis garda kidev ramdeni
gamoasalmes maSin sicocxles. vis unda moeTxovos pasuxi amaze ba-
tono naTaZe? da ra guldasawyvetia, rom dRes gamohyavT da
erovnul sakiTxebze nebas rTaven isaubros. zviads sayvedurobd-
779
nen „kadrebi ver SearCiao“. kadrebis Zebna da cvla gzadagza unda
momxdariyo, dro ar sWirdeboda? ra sazogadoebac Tqven Se-
qmeniT, zviads is daxvda xelisuflebaSi mosvlisas da ase uceb,
eqstremalur situaciaSi Sesaferis kadrebs cidan Camokrefda?
yvela sapasuxo samuSaoze komunistebi brZandebodiT da mxolod
fulis keTebiT iyaviT dakavebulni. uSvebdiT komunistebs cixeSi
korufciisTvis? ara! rogor SeiZleboda partiis wevri cixeSi?
ras ityoda dasavleTi? ukidures SemTxvevaSi Tu aucilebeli gax-
deboda komunistis dapatimreba, jer igi partiidan unda gaericx-
aT. adamiani samarTals versad poulobda da iZulebulni iyvnen
qurdebisTvis miemarTaT, vinc marTla exmareboda maT. samegre-
los amwiokebel ioselians col-qmari miadga, „batono jaba! manqa-
na wagvarTves da dagvexmareTo“. uh, es ra miTxariT, „Sewuxda“
ioseliani, rogor dagexmaroT, aseTi SemTxveva bevri gvaqvs da
rogor gamoviZiebT, Tqven Tu gaqvT vinmeze eWvi, maSin advilad
dagexmarebiTo. rogor ara! ager Tqvenma mcvelma wagvarTva. iose-
liani Tavis mcvels miubrunda. modi biWo aq! ramdenjer giTxari
mag saqmeze rom waxval, niRabi gaikeTe-meTqi. ioseliani ase
„kanonierad“ arCevda saqmes. ai, vis daangrevineT qarTvelis didi
xnis nanatri damoukidebeli saxelmwifo. didi ilia ruseTis impe-
riaSi avtonomias iTxovda da masac ver miaRwia, zviad gamasaxur-
diam ki igi saerTod gaanTavisufla. Tqven udidesi danaSauli gaw-
evT kiserze, ara marto qveynis, aramed kavkasiis da saerTod yvela
keTili nebis adamianis mimarT, roca is naTeli wertili CauqreT,
rasac SeeZlo msoflio bneleTic ki gaenaTebina. ilias leqsi gaix-
seneT, „iqneb akvanSi is yrma wevs, visic ar iTqmis saxeli, visac
dRedaRam natrulobs, Cumis natvriTa qarTveli“. ocneba, im yrmis
dabadeba auxda ilias, rasac me-19 saukuneSi natrulobda. Tqven im
fesvebze xarT amosuli, vinc didi ilia mokla da axla zviadis
mkvlelobiT, ilia meored mokaliT, roca misi asrulebuli natvra
ase umowyalod daasamareT. Tqveni danaSauli umZimesia, rac ki
dedamiwaze dRemde arsebula. usircxvilod imeorebT dResac
„Secdomebs uSvebdao“. zviads, naxevrad Caylapuli saqarTvelo,
gveleSapis piridan martodmartos amohyavda. demokratiuli ar
iyo oqtombris arCevnebi? demokratias ar niSnavda referendumi?
demokratiuli ar iyo prezidentis arCevnebi? gaixseneT ramdeni
kandidati monawileobda masSi. axla ramdens gvTavazobT? 2-s da
780
am oridan erTi ukve icis xalxma ra wurbelac aris, ukve gamos-
cada da iZulebulia meore airCios. e.i. faqtiurad kandidati mxo-
lod erTia. ai, es aris Tqveni demokratia. Tqven araviTari
demokratebi ara xarT, kidev erTxel gamoicvaleT kani da grigol
robaqiZe rom gverdiT gvyavdes, „gvelis perangis“ gagrZelebas
dagviwerda. saqarTvelos patara nawilSi kriminalebiT garSe-
mortymul SevardnaZes ueWveli damarcxeba eloda, dauwyo Zebna
rus samxedro pirebs, gamoZebna baltini da didi qrTami miarTva
daxmarebis safasurad. rogorc sando wyaroebi amtkiceben, igi
mravalgzis msoflio Cempions WadrakSi, nona gafrindaSvils gaa-
tanes da manac foTSi baltins xeldaxel gadasca. q-n nona gaf-
rindaSvils minda mivmarTo! wlebis ganmavlobaSi rom saWadrako
dafaze, xis mefes ase TavdadebiT icavdiT mowinaaRmdegis Semote-
visgan, roca qveyanas, figurulad rom vTqvaT, xorcSesxmuli me-
fis dacva dasWirda, Tqven kvanti gamodeT da sxvebTan erTad daa-
marcxeT. momavali Taoba Seafasebs Tqvens „Rvawls“ da „Tavdadebas“
qarTveli eris winaSe. kidev erTi saocari faqti, msmenia, batoni
robert sturua „vefxistyaosans“ ver itanso da speqtaklis dadg-
masac ki apirebda misi gacamtverebisTvis. batono sturua! iciT
ra makvirvebs? Tqven eg nawarmoebi me-20 saukuneSi dawerili xom
ar ggoniaT? igi maSin daiwera, roca msoflios mosaxleobis naxe-
varze metma wera-kiTxva ar icoda da amasac ver xvdebiT, ra do-
neze yofila ganaTleba imdroindel saqarTveloSi. strofs ver
miagnebT „vefxistyaosanSi“, sadac udidesi sibrZne da kacTmoyva-
reoba ar gamosWviodes. maS, Tqven rogori nawarmoebebi mogwonT,
aRviraxsnilobas rom uweven propagandas? Tu iseTi, 1000 sityvas
rom waikiTxav da iqidan erT azrsac ver gamoitan? sabWoTa kav-
SirSi SemuSavebuli es „mimdinareoba“ leqsidan Tu nawarmoebidan
azrebis ver gamotanisa, an arafris Sesaxeb werisa, ucvlelad gad-
movida dRevandelobaSi da mwerloba mjRabnelebs Cabarda. saoc-
aria, ra SegnebiT gzrdidaT Tqveni mSoblebi, maTTac aseTi war-
modgena hqondaT kacobriobis am udides saganZurze? SeuZlebelia,
radgan Tu wakiTxuli ara, gagonili mainc eqnebodaT sxvisgan. so-
cial-demokratebis da bevri wiTeli inteligentis azrovneba
pirdapir Tanxvedrilia erTmaneTTan. ar iqneba urigo gavixsenoT,
raze edavebodnen social-demokratebi did ilias. roca baton-ymo-
ba gadavarda, iliam Tavisi kuTvnili miwebi usasyidlod gadasca
781
glexebs, roca sxvebi miwebs yidnen. social-demokratebma mainc
moZebnes gasakritikebeli da ai, saguramos mamuli ratom dai-
tovao. maTi azriT, radgan ilia memamuleTa klass ekuTvnoda, ga-
Tanabrebis Semdeg, glexis donezec ar unda darCeniliyo. meorec,
saguramos mamuli mis meuRles, olRa guramiSvils ekuTvnoda da
ilias ra ufleba hqonda mas Sexeboda? samwuxarod, so-
cial-demokratebma, Semdeg komunistebad da amJamad „demokrate-
bad“ gardaqmnilebma saqme ise gagvixades, mxolod sulelebTan
gviwevs Widili, miuxedavad rusi mwerlis gamonaTqvamisa, „tolad
miiRe Seqeba da ciliswameba da sulel kacsa arasodes ar SeeWido“.
roca erovnuli moZraoba daiwyo, ver vifiqrebdi rom zviad-
ic ilias beds gaiziarebda. me-19 saukuneSi bevrma wera-kiTxva
ar icoda da me-20 saukuneSi, roca yovel meores diplomi aqvs,
rogor gaimeoreben me-19 saukunis Secdomas-meTqi. gaimeores
da ufro meti sisastikiT, axla ukve diplomianma yaCaRebma. so-
cial-demokratebze damynilo wiTelo eSmakebo! erT saukuneSi
ori udidesi adamianis mkvleloba gawevT kiserze da ggoniaT eg
SegrCebaT? xom ar ggoniaT am danaSauls marto avad saxsenebel
SevardnaZes miaweren? furTxis Rirsi ara xarT, roca gvargada-
keTebul, viRac ujiSo sariSvils taSs ukravdiT, roca zviad gam-
saxurdias likvidacias moiTxovda?
sadac sariSvils vaxsenebT, iq SeuZlebelia komunistebis ru-
pori da saqarTveloSi terorizmis fuZemdebeli SevardnaZe-iose-
lian-kitovan-siguasTan erTad, gia Wanturia ar gaixseno. zviadis
dauZinebeli mteri, romelic sxvebTan erTad samegrelos tyeebSi
kvaldakval dasdevda zviads mosaklavad da xmamaRla gahyviroda,
„Cven ise unda movaxerxoT, zviad gamsaxurdia, CeCneTSi cocxali
ver unda dabrundeso“. wyeuli jaba ioseliani ambobda, „me yov-
elTvis SemeZlo zviad gamsaxurdias mokvla, magram naTaZem ar
damanebao. eg rom axla mokla, mTawmindaze dakrZalaveno“. gana
is uTxra, adamianis mokvla rogor SeiZlebao. ara! mkvdrisac ki
SeSurda, mTawmindaze rom daidebda binas. Tanac „axla arao“ ai,
mere dasavleTis mafiis winaSe rom „gavaSavebTo“. miuxedavad Tqve-
ni mcdelobisa batono naTaZev, zviad gamsaxurdiam mainc daido
bina, sadac ekuTvnoda.
xSirad gaigonebT: moutana Tu ara dadebiTi saqarTvelos,
damoukideblobam? pasuxi uaryofiTia, magram mizezs ratom
782
ar asaxelebT? esec erTgvari vireSmakobaa. Sefarulad zviads
daabralon. damoukidebloba 1991 wlis 22 dekembers damTavr-
da da rogorRa mogitandaT sikeTes? saTaveSi kriminalebi mov-
idnen da sad ginaxavT maTi aSenebuli qveyana? nuTu aRar
movida dro, yvelafers Tavisi saxeli daerqvas? droze mod-
iT gons wiTelo eSmakunebo, Torem Tqveni STamomavlebi, roca
yvelafers Tavisi saxeli daerqmeva, Tavad gamogitanen gana-
Cens da ise amogTxrian saflavidan, rogorc varlam araviZes.
nino kekelia
1992 wlidan sapatimroebSi moklul-gardacvlili

politpatimrebi:
1. goqsaZe vaxtangi (mokles yvarlis policiaSi)

2. abramiSvili nugzari
3. RviniaSvili malxazi
4. lolaZe daTo
5. cimintia koba
6. kvirtia xviCa
7. kakava rolandi
8. quxilava avTandili (2003 w. gaTavisuflda patimrobidan
da 2004 wels, cixidan gamoyolili sneulebiT gardaicvala).
gaurkvevel viTarebaSi gardaicvalnen uzenaesi sabWos dep-

utatebi gia xoneliZe da aleqsandre (aleko) qobulaSvili.
qobulaSvilis gardacvalebis garemoebis Sesaxeb, ojaxs dRemde
ara aqvs aranairi informacia, igi moulodnelad, ugzo-ukvlod
gaqra 1992 wlis aprilSi SevardnaZis reJimis „kapezeSi“ erTTviani
patimrobis Semdgom da Sesabamisad, ar arsebobs misi saflavic.
mis ojaxs, SevardnaZis represiulma reJimma, waarTva xuToTaxiani
binac WavWavaZis prospeqtze.
783
1992 wlidan SevardnaZis reJimis politpatimrebis sia:
1. gedevan gelbaxiani 36. daTo mWedliSvili

2. zurab barZimaSvili 37. daviT miqiaSvili
3. viqtor domuxovski 38. nemo Wanturia
4. givi kalmaxeliZe 39. jemal axalaia
5. besarion boWoraZe 40. daTo kaWarava
6. ramaz CarigogdiSvili 41. zurab wirqvava
7. zurab gogiCaiSvili 42. goCa oTxozoria
8. Teimuraz kapanaZe 43. igor Tolordava
9. goCa maxvilaZe 44. zaur qobalia
10. ivane laSqaraSvili 45. valter SurRaia
11. omar koWlamazaSvili 46. guram korkelia
12. gela mWedliSvili 47. vaxtang samuSia
13. sergo xaxviaSvili 48. xviCa kvirtia
14. mamuka danelia 49. koba cimintia
15. Tamaz wiklauri 50. tariel gelantia
16. mamuka afciauri 51. guram absanZe
17. zaza wiklauri 52. valeri gabelia
18. ioseb kuprava 53. fridon CubiniZe
19. leri donaZe 54. zurab vardosaniZe
20. gela gaCeCilaZe 55. Tengiz mxeiZe
21. emzar kobaiZe 56. emzar Sengelia
22. badri oqropiriZe 57. nugzar Sengelia
23. levan daraxveliZe 58. zviad ZiZiguri
24. biZina goreliSvili 59. jambul bokuCava
25. goderZi samunaSvili 60. biZina gujabiZe
26. valeri wyarozia 61. malxaz RviniaSvili
27. mamuka afciauri 62. goderZi jojiSvili
28. zezva fircxalaiSvili 63. nugzar abramiSvili
29. valter oCigava 64. vaxtang goqsaZe
30. xviCa joxaZe 65. zurab wulaia
31. gela xaduri 66. soso JRenti
32. daTo talaSvili 67. daviT biWaSvili
33. gela togoniZe 68. nugzar molodinaSvili
34. giorgi saxlTxuciSvili 69. badri zarandia
35. daTo lolaZe 70. murman jinWaraZe
784
71. koba ZiZiguri 108. roland kakava
72. ramaz vaniSvili 109. paata jabua
73. murTaz jalaRonia 110. gela WeJia
74. Salva SaniZe 111. boris mWedliZe
75. kaxa jiWonaia 112. simon ioramaSvili
76. goderZi naneiSvili 113. nukri ioramaSvili
77. Tamaz mamadaSvili 114. givi ioramaSvili
78. zaza Ciqovani 115. goCa biWaSvili
79. eldar qaquCia 116. nemir gabunia
80. gela nanaZe 117. abesalom Wilaia
81. zurab siordia 118. merab jiqia
82. ruzgen xasia 119. merab rogava
83. Temur kvaracxelia 120. jambul frangiSvili
84. gabriel bendeliani 121. iago miqaia
85. gonel gabeCava 122. omar ratia
86. irod okujava 123. paata baZaRua
87. daTo yufunia 124. malxaz Sengelia
88. nodar kvaracxelia 125. zviad CiteiSvili
89. ramaz kvaSilava 126. dazmir WiTanava
90. revaz xacava 127. paata zarqua
91. Tamaz gogia 128. zaur gulua
92. Temur kacia 129. badri kakaCia
93. vaJa wereTeli 130. zurab Tordia
94. roland qoCiSvili 131. ruben kudava
95. giorgi yorbesaSvili 132. irakli dokvaZe
96. SoTa ratiani 133. petre gelbaxiani
97. givi gelaSvili 134. vaxtan (loTi) qobalia
98. zaza dvali 135. gurgen malania
99. zaza danelia 136. xviCa fircxalava
100. buxuna gedeniZe 137. jambul alaskarovi
101. Tamaz kvracxelia 138. zalogi kvaracxelia
102. murman WeliZe 139. elguja pertia
103. Tamaz goderZiSvili 140. malxaz mindaZe
104. zaur lolaSvili 141. goderZi askurava
105. tariel gabedava 142. besik fifia
106. omar RuRuniSvili 143. zurab gvazava
107. guram sulava 144. mamuka sulaberiZe
785
145. soso sanaia 163. zurab ejibia
146. rezo miqava 164. zaza (jemal) maraneli
147. robizon okujava 165. tariel bukia
148. viqtor ruxaZe 166. bondo Todua
149. avTandil kikabiZe 167. zurab zarandia
150. roman bJalava 168. feniz gulua
151. daTo yufunia 169. bimurza dadeSqeliani
152. giorgi zarqua 170. aleko qobulaSvili
153. norad kvaracxelia 171. leila comaia
154. gia CaCaniZe 172. Tamila nikolaZe
155. axmet jabua 173. klara Sukvani
156. zurab babaevi 174. revaz morgoSia
157. kaxa xurcilava 175. valeria novodvorskaia
158. zaal laSxia (disidenti, ruseTis dumis
159. koba bendeliani deputati, uflebadamcveli)
160. saSa zaqaraia 176. vano turaSvili...
161. geronti qobalia sia arasrulia...
162. nugzar Cuxua
yvela politpatimari cixeebSi ganicdida wamebasa da araadami-

anur mopyrobas. saerTaSoriso aministia, maRali tribunebidan
da werilobiTi SetyobinebebiTac, SeSfoTebas gamoTqvamda, saqa-
rTveloSi politpatimrebis arsebobisa da mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.
ucxoeli uflebadamcvelebi, saqarTvelos xelisuflebas aZlevd-
nen rekomendaciebs patimarTa wamebis, araadamianuri mopyrobis,
sasikvdilo ganaCenebisa da samarTliani sasamarTlos moTxovnis
kuTxiT. patimarTa antisanitariul pirobebSi yofnaze, sapatim-
roebSi tuperkuloziT daavadebulTa sagangaSo zrdis Sesaxeb.
daxvretis muxlis gauqmebis moTxovnis Sesaxeb(SevardnaZem aRad-
gina prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mier gauqmebuli daxvretis
muxli), rac SevardnaZes iZulebiT gaauqmebines 1995 wels. Tumca
man moaswro petre gelbaxianisa da irakli dokvaZisaTvis daxvre-
tis misja, rac 20 wlis patimrobiT Seacvlevines, xolo sabolood
ki maT Seumcires aRniSnuli sasjelic.
germaniaSi mcxovrebma qarTvelma emigrantma rusudan manj-
galaZem, didi Rvawli da amagi dasdo politpatimrebs. garda imisa,
rom igi adamianis uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso organizacieb-
Si avrcelebda saqarTvelodan miwodebul informaciebs (cici
786
gabeskiria, maia kereseliZe, Tamar ebraliZe, levan uruSaZe,
lali lomaZe, eTer mgalobliSvili, am wignis avtoric da sxv.)
politpatimrebis wamebisa da janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesax-
eb, igi agreTve agrovebda fuls (germanul markebs), medikamentebs,
vitaminebsa da tansacmels saqarTvelos cixeebSi gamomwyvdeul
politpatimrebisTvis gamosagzavnad, riTac didad exmareboda pa-
timrebsa da maT ojaxebsac.
rusudan manjgalaZe 2016 wels germaniaSi (igi germanelze iyo
gaTxovili, romlisganac SeeZina biWuna, romelsac saqarTvelos
pirveli prezidentis pativiscemis niSnad zviadi daarqva. qalba-
ton rusudans saqarTveloSic hyavs umSvenieresi da ukeTilSo-
bilesi ufrosi gogona nata). rusudan manjgalaZe, misi anderZis
Tanaxmad, sakuTar samSobloSi iqna Camosvenebuli. dakrZalulia
saburTalos sasaflaoze.
24 seqtembers prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saqarTveloSi

dabrunebis gamo, SevardnaZis xuntisturma xelisuflebam, 1993
wlis 2-3oqtombers mZevlad aiyvana da sapatimroebSi gamoamwy-
vdia erovnuli xelisuflebis momxreebi:
1. lamara Sengelia – istorikosi

2. Tamar sreseli – Tsu TanamSromeli
3. leri dauSvili – profesori
4. Tamaz kalaZe – profesori (nacemi)
5. irakli gociriZe – gazeT „iberia speqtris“ redaqtori (na-
cemi)
6. revaz uruSaZe – gazeT „TvalTais“ redaqtori
7. giorgi CalabaZe – profesori
8. Tamar dadiani
9. manana labaZe – istorikosi (gauZarcves ojaxic)
10. roman anjafariZe – inJineri
11. luiza kaloeva – poeti
12. marika joxariZe – eqimi
13. nana arevaZe – eqimi
14. medea veSapiZe – eqimi
15. cico buaCiZe – saq. sax. muzeumis TanamSromeli
16. valeri doliZe – firmis direqtori
787
17. xose sordia
18. Tina daviTuliani – eqimi
19. agnesa yuraSvili – eqimi
20. meri RuRuniSvili – eqimi
21. laura doliZe – eqimi
22. mayvala xaWapuriZe – eqimi
23. Tamar alania – eqimi
24. nazi bibilaSvili – fsiqologi, pedagogi
25. nona boWoriSvili – ekonomisti (70 wlis)
26. gia qobalia
27. mamuka fircxalava – moqandake
28. gia fircxalava – yofili milicieli
29. nugzar molodinaSvilis moxuci ded-mama
30. nino dangaZe – deputat biZina dangaZis meuRle
31. gia gordeziani
32. nino qarTveliSvili
33. eTer mgalobliSvili – filologiis mec. kandidati
34. aleko qobalia – usastikesad nacemi, daxvretis inscenire-
ba mouwyves
35. darejan biwaZe – yofili CuRureTis sakrebulos pasux-
ismgebeli mdivani.
36. zurab jvebenava – istorikosi, mTargmneli
37. manana araviZe – ekonomisti
38. enriko dvalaZe
39. omar kaWarava – gaerTianeba Tbilpuris gen. direqtori
40. napo kvaracxelia – profesori
41. lali kikvaZe – filologi
42. roza kukulava – kibernetikosi
43. nino uznaZe – fsiqologi
44. Temur goqsaZe – iuristi, advokati
45. eka egaZe – arqiteqtori
46. lia enuqiZe – qimikosi
47. naili kenia – teqnikuri universitetis TanamSromeli
48. lele faRava – ucx. enaTa insti. docenti (70 wlis)
49. dodo CalaZe – telereJisori
50. mamuka comaia – teleJurnalisti
51. lusia bukia – pensioneri (sastikad scemes)
788
52. nato bukia – lusias qaliSvili, maTematikosi.
53. manana JRenti – №182 skolis pedagogi
54. merab riJamaZe – fizikosi
55. lali riJamaZe
56. irakli gedeniZe – gazeT „iberia speqtris“ fotokore-
spodenti.
57. leri qurdiani – Tsu fizikosi
58. guram revaziSvili – inJineri (bina daucxriles)
59. qajaia – oknologiuri saavadmyofos ginekologi
60. bagauri – eqimi
61. jondo nikuraZe – agronomi
62. ermile davlaZe – agronomi
63. vaJa beselia – agronomi (gaZarcves, ojaxis wevrebi cemes)
64. Tamar ebraliZe – gazeT „Tavisufali saqarTvelos“ re-
daqtori saxlSi ar daxvdaT, daaSines ojaxis wevrebi, daemuqrnen
fizikuri likvidaciiT, gaZarcves
65. zurab SaniZe – kinodokumentalisti (saxlSi ar daxvdaT,
gaZarcves, daaSines moxuci deda, waiRes videoaparatura).
66. kiazo malaZe – Tsu qimikosi (gaZarcves)
67. gia kereseliZe – eqimi (gaZarcves)
68. Tengiz asaTiani – biznesmeni (daaSines ojaxi, gaZarcves)
69. naTela kasraZe – Telasis kadrebis gany. gamge
70. JuJuna kvaracxelia – pedagogi
71. qeTevan navrozaSvili – wm. ilia marTlis saz. wevri (Ca-
moarTves binis gasaRebi. patimrobaSi amyofes 40 dRe. bolo erTi
kvira sul marto iyo)
72. mzia gagua – maudkamvolis kombinatis mrTveli (cemes fex-
miZimes, moeSala muceli)
73. Teimuraz gvancelaZe – uzenaesi sabWos deputati
74. maia nadiraZe – fsiqologi
75. leila comaia – saxlSi ar daxvdaT. mis disSvils medea
bokuCavas mouwyves daxvretis inscenireba, aiZulebdnen dae-
saxelebina misi adgilsamyofeli, gaCxrikes bina, waiRes q-n leilas
arqivis sqeli dasta. mogvianebiT medea bokuCavas mouwyves avaria.
hqondaT misi gatacebis mcdelobac.
76. akaki kobaZe – deputati
77. nana bojgua
789
78. asmaT margiSvili
79. janguli CxeiZe
80. roman gogiCaiSvili – daapatimres misi colic
81. iza gigoSvili – marjaniSvilis Teatris msaxiobi
82. zaza kvaracxelia
83. vano qobalia – daakaves misi colic
84. revaz labartyava
85. nino sixaruliZe
86. TinaTin mRvdliaSvili
87. ledi mRvdliaSvili
88. biZina javeliZe – ganaTlebis ministr elizbar javeliZis Zma
89. mixeil WiabriSvili
90. jemal davlianiZe
91. avTandil CitaZe
92. mamuli jRarkava
93. ioseb grigolia
94. Tamaz eliava
95. Temur xuciSvili
96. madlena grZeliZe
97. mayvala grZeliZe
98. elene nacvliSvili
99. margo menabdiSvili – maud. kamb. kombinatis megardirobe
100. lali zuliaSvili
101. merab riJamaZe
102. suliko burjanaZe
103. nugzar mRvdelaZe
104. mzia samadaSvili
105. guliko sulava
106. givi liparteliani
107. qeTevan xabuliani (lipartelianis meuRle)
108. deda–Svili xundaZeebi
109. RuduSa arvelaZe
110. gulnara miqaZe
111. elene koxaSvili – onkologiuri saavadmyofos eqimi
112. gulnara miqaZe
113. qristiaSvili – ltolvili cxinvalidan
114. gia arganaSvili
115. venera jinWaraZe
790
116. lia jinWaraZe – venaras da
117. medea surgulaZe
118. madona comaia
119. mzia farcvania
120. Tina razmaZe
121. maguli liparteliani
122. reno esvanjia – binaSi daupires ltolvilebis Sesaxleba
123. cico erisTavi
124. Teimuraz feraZe – milicieli
125. eka xerxeuliZe
126. izolda qareli
127. avTandil eliava – Tsu mecnier-TanamSromeli
128. kaxa migineiSvili da dedamisi malvaSi iyvnen, mogvi-
anebiT quCaSi daxvdnen maT da sastikad scemes.
sia arasrulia... – l.c.
rusTavSi daapatimres 400–mde kaci:

avTandil gabrava, Temur janeliZe, WiTavebi da sxvebi.
gorSi daapatimres 170–mde kaci.
TviTmxilveli
q. xonSi xuntis SeiaraRebulma Zalebma tyved aiyvanes kanon-
ieri gvardiis ori daWrili meomari: RvTiso maTureli da beso
ioramaSvili. edp-s wevrebma wamoiyvanes Tbilisis respublikur
saavadmyofoSi, roca gaiges maTi vinaoba reanimaciis ganyofile-
baSi eqimebis TandaswrebiT daxvrites RvTiso maTureli, meore
daWrilis bedi cnobili ar aris.
q. xonSi gia Wanturiam sakuTari cecxlsasroli iaraRiT daWra
erovnuli xelisuflebis momxre murad izoria.
1993 wlis seqtember–oqtomberSi SevardnaZis ukanono xeli-
sufleba apatimrebda sruliad apolitikur adamianebsac fulisa
da qonebis gamoZalvis mizniT samxedro komendaturaSi dakave-
bulebs sTavazobdnen gaTavisuflebas dolarebis (200–300) gadax-
dis SemTxvevaSi. binebSi Crekis dros, garda gaZarcvisa, axerxebd-
nen proklamaciebis dadebasac da am sababiT apatimrebdnen ojaxis
romelime wevrs.
791
baxtrionis quCis korpusebidan waiyvanes „zviadistebi“, miiy-
vanes ubnis miliciaSi, daemuqrnen dapatimrebiT, msgavsi SemTxve-
vebi ganmeorda sxvadasxva raionebSi.
mematiane
1992 wlis 24 ivniss televiziis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT daapa-

timres:
1. valter SurRaia 21. mzia qareli

2. biZina dangaZe 22. murTaz bakuria
3. vaxtang WiTava 23. lia xidaSeli
4. nika kilasonia 24. eTer mgalobliSvili
5. nana Selia 25. lia beruaSvili
6. vaxtang cagareiSvili 26. leila dokvaZe
7. nugzar molodinaSvili 27. kiziria
8. gia CxikvaZe 28. mzia baqraZe
9. eka xerxeuliZe 29. nika WurWelauri
10. xatia RuduSauri 30. badri WurWelauri
11. Tamar gamilaRdaSvili 31. nemiri gabunia
12. marika abaiSvili 32. Tamaz Toloraia
13. ana WavWavaZe 33. zurab guCua
14. Tamaz lukava 34. goCa oTxozoria
15. lali germaniSvili 35. irakli xarZiani
16. leila qaTamaZe 36. zurab wulaia
17. ira fifia 37. daTo TevdoraZe mamiT
18. malina jimSeleiSvili 38. gela daviTaia
19. Tamila nikolaZe 39. beJan javaxia
20. gia CxikvaZe
792
SevardnaZis reJimis represiebi ganicades:
elizbar javeliZem, nodar jalaRoniam, ediSer giorgaZem, ia
muxranelma, cici gabiskiriam, lia enuqiZem, daviT sokolovma,
efemia mWedliSvilma, vano turaSvilma, rusiko pataraiam, nanu-
li vefxvaZem, bela SalvaSvilma, latavra foCianma, aleqsandre
sanduxaZem, manana imedaZem, fridon qobaliam, zurab wulaiam
ojaxiT, beJan javaxiam, mixeil zurabiSvilma, mamuka cxadaiam,
zeinab xinTibiZem, goCa kelenjeriZem ojaxiT, SoTa kiknaZem,
koba bukiam, daviT gogaZem, nana dvalma, jemal davlianiZem,
cici buquraulma, eTer mgalobliSvilma, kaxa migineiSvilma,
mzia JRentma, meri TuTberiZem, ia JRentma, SoTa wiklaurma,
rezo wiklaurma, daTo maisaiam, elene gvetaZem, walenjixis
macxovris eklesiis moZRvarma mama romanozma, episkoposma
qristefore wamalaiZem, meufe ambros qaTamaZem, misma Svil-
ma – mama nodar qaTamaZem, koka gawereliam, gia mirianaSvilma,
mzia baqraZem, lala gordaZem, gela gelaZem, lali barZemaSv-
ilma ojaxiT, qiSvard isakaZem, luara gamyreliZem, murman zaqa-
raiam, diana menabdem, roland gurgeniZem, Tedo kovziriZem,
mixeil da paata mWedliSvilebma, noe mWedliSvilma, nino ma-
miaSvilma, avTandil bucxrikiZem, Tamaz mamageiSvilma, gogi xu-
ciSvilma, sveta mJavanaZem, iveta kobaxiZem, nanuli nebieriZem,
xatia RuduSaurma, lena qacanaSvilma, nineli koduam, mamuka
wiklaurma, ineza fifiam, asmaT fifiam, rusudan qutiZem, nana
(nani) nadareiSvilma, marina yuraSvilma, nana miqavam, inga go-
giam mSoblebiT, inesa yuraSvilma, lulu (genrieta) kopaleiSv-
ilma, gia janeliZem mSoblebiT, nino kekeliam, valter oCigavam
ojaxiT, valeri nodiam, zaza wiklaurma ojaxiT, gela daviTaiam,
avTandil daviTaiam, gela jiRaurma ojaxiT, liveri qadagiSv-
ilma, manana kvirikaZem, givi kvirikaZem, eduard comaiam, Tamar
sreselma, jimSer TagvaZem ojaxiT, leila dokvaZem, rusudan ki-
kaleiSvilma ojaxiT, nuca gelbaxianma ojaxiT, levan uruSaZem
ojaxiT, guram daneliam, Tengiz kikaCeiSvilma, SoTa malaSxiam,
moris museriZem, giorgi gergedavam, gia TavzaraSvilma, mzia
qsovrelma, aula gigaurma, nana dvalma (quTaisi), Tamar si-
Winavam, eTer xaxubiam, mixeil didebuliZem, zaira bilixoZem,
marex baRiSvilma, leila mirianaSvilma, levan dumbaZem, dali
abulaZem, maia kereseliZem, Tamar lomTaZem, naTela Wediam,
nana WuraZem, mayvala fxakaZem, eTer qardavam ojaxiT, griala
793
esakiam, lali lomaZem, irine qoroRliSvili-buxaiZem, elene
abaSiZem, darejan filfanma, darejan qevaniSvilma, angelina
(alfa) fircxalavam, guram daneliam, lali kikviZem, nana go-
giSvilma... (arasruli sia).
1994 wlis 15 ianvars, saqarTvelos respublikis prezident

zviad gamsaxurdias daRupvasTan dakavSirebul samgloviaro
mitingze dapatimrebulTa sia:
1. mamisaSvili nunu grigolis asuli
2. jiqia quCuCi ionas asuli
3. jiqia eTeri
4. qareli izolda stefanes asuli
5. RviniaSvili bela lukas asuli
6. gurgulia nana akakis asuli
7. baRaTuria nazi abelis asuli
8. sturua mayvala vasilis asuli
9. kobiaSvili qeTevan petres asuli
10. meliqiZe gulo mixeilis asuli
11. kervaliZe JuJuna mixeilis asuli
12. RuduSauri nino giorgis asuli
13. comaia mzia ilias asuli
14. kobaxiZe eTeri silibistros asuli
15. gvelesiani
16. biwaZe darejani
17. maWaraSvili nargizi
18. mirianaSvili leila
19. wiklauri marine
20. wurwumia melori (babu)
21. maRlakeliZe
22. afaqiZe leila
23. baiaSvili asmaT
24. jiRauri gela
25. narouSvili Tea
26. qoCakiZe
27. mirianaSvili gia
28. mWedliSvili mixeil
794
29. comaia leila
30. SoTa kiknaZe
31. JRenti mzia
32. migineiSvili kaxa...
arasruli sia
dazaralebuli v. s.
1992 wlis 24 ivniss daaxloebiT 4 saaTze amiyvanes rusTavelis
gamziridan oTxma avtomatiT SeiaraRebulma moqalaqem. wamiyvanes
SenobaSi, sadac mdebareobda droebiTi saxelmwifo sabWo. dam-
abrales komendatis saaTis darRveva. mcemes gametebiT, avtomatis
kondaxiT gamixeTqes Tavi, mirtyamdnen Tirkmelebis areSi, daJeJi-
li da Calurjebuli maqvs mkerdis are marcxena mxare. autaneli
cinizmiTa da uSveri sityvebiT mibrZanes meginebina saqarTvelos
prezidenti, sisxlSi amoTxvrils damides qaRaldi da maiZulebd-
nen damewera Semdegi: – vagrovebdi fuls, vyidulobdi iaraRs
da vagzavnidi groznoSi. me uari ganvacxade raimes daweraze da
saerTod Cvenebis micemaze, ris Semdegac daniT momayenes Wrilo-
ba barZaySi, memuqrebodnen sikvdiliT, Semdeg gadasces Cemi Tavi
milicias. minda avRniSno, rom milicias ar vucemivar, piriqiT maT
Cumad mimiyvanes saswrafoSi da momaTavses saavadmyofoSi. saswra-
fos eqimma acnoba ojaxs.
v.s.
24 ivnisi
Ramis 6-is naxevarze telefoniT Sematyobines, rom momesmina
radiosaTvis, rogorc Semdeg gavige, aseTi zarebiT TiTqmis mTe-
li qalaqi daayenes fexze. radioSi movismine SurRaias mimarTva,
rom teleradiodepartamentis Senoba aRebul iqna erovnuli Za-
lebis mier yovelgvari brZolebis gareSe, mSvidobianad. me davi-
jere, radgan darwmunebuli var, rom kanonierebis momxre xalxi
Seecdeba politikuri gzebiT daibrunos iaraRis ZaliT warTmeu-
li Zalaufleba.
7 saaTamde ukve viyavi sportis sasaxlis win. iq ukve ismoda
srolis xmebi. teleradiodepartamentSi pirveli partia „zvia-
distebis“ SeSvebis Semdeg gza gadaketes avtomatianebma. xalxiT
795
Seivso metros mimdebare teritoria, sroliT iZulebuli gagvxa-
des ukan dagvexia. davinaxe 4-5 tanki. trotuaris gaswvriv ki daji-
riTobda msubuqi manqanebi, avtomatian biWebs Tavebi hqondaT gad-
moyofili da xmis CaxleCvamde gvlanZRavdnen. miuxedavad imisa,
rom xalxi mdumared idga, isini gviyvirodnen: „daiSaleniT, Tqveni
zviadis deda!...“ saRamos televiziaSi vaiJurnalistebma gvamcnes,
rom TiTqos mTeli qalaqi gamovida mTavrobis dasaxmareblado.
xalxi ki marTlac bevri iyo quCebSi, magram ara e. w. mTavrobis
momxreebi, aramed – prezident zviad gamsaxurdiasi.
teledepartamentSi Setyuebuli da momwyvdeuli „zviadistebi“
aiyvanes, romlebsac erTi tyviac ki ar gausvriaT Tavdasacavad,
romlebsac Tavad esrodnen quCidan.
l. m.
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 24 ivniss, daaxloebiT 7 saaTze gamaRviZa telefonis
zarma da viRac qalma (ver vicani) mikarnaxa, rom CamerTo radio,
asec moviqeci.
radiodan gvamcnobdnen, rom kanonieri xelisuflebis momxreeb-
ma daikaves teleradiodepartamentis Senoba da teleanZa da mou-
wodebdnen mosaxleobas movidnen televiziis SenobasTan. me avdeqi
da gavemarTe televiziisaken. metros garda sxva transporti ar
muSaobda. adgilze mivedi 8 saaTsa da 10 wuTze. magram ver Sevedi,
radgan Senoba ukve alyaSi iyo moqceuli. davinaxe qalaqis komen-
danti lanCava. xalxi matulobda, xuntis SeiaraRebuli razmebic
nel-nela ikribebodnen. modiodnen sakuTari manqanebiT, Warbobda
vaz-24 da gaz 09 markis manqanebi. iyo sazRvargarTis markis manqa-
nebic (iaraRiT datvirTuli). gaisma brZaneba, rom sanapirodan
xalxis masa modis bavSvebiTo da SeiaraRebuli nawili gauSves
sanapiros gadasaketad. Semdeg maT daiwyes haerSi srola da xalx-
is daSla. sastumro aWarasTan gadaketes gzebi. gaisma ori naRmis
gasrola. saakaZis moednidan gadaveSviT xilianisaken: sanapiroze
SevniSneT ruseTis samxedro nawilebi, romlebic aRmosavleTi-
saken miemarTebodnen. Cven SevediT muStaedis baRSi, sadac xalxi
ikribeboda, magram maleve daviSaleT, radgan SevniSneT saeWvo
manqanebi, romlebic gviTvalTvalebdnen. me mivedi Tamar mefisa
796
da aRmaSeneblis gamzirebis gadasasvlelze, sadac ukve gadaketi-
li iyo televiziisken mimavali gza. xalxi bevri iyo mogrovili.
maCerebdnen da mekiTxebodnen ra xdeboda da ra vicodi. avedi sad-
gurze, sadac sakmarisad bevri xalxi iyo Sekrebili. iyo areuloba,
miTqma-moTqma, sxvadasxva Wori Tu simarTle. xalxma ar icoda ra
moemoqmeda. Segvatyobines, rusTavelze ioselianis biWebs xalxi
daurbeviaTo, raTa ar Sekrebiliyvnen. davrCi daaxloebiT 30 wuTi.
Semovardnen manqanebiT da ori avtobusiT. daiwyes xalxis dapatim-
reba. Cven metros mivawydiT. saxlSi wavedi, magram ver movisvene.
Rame ver daviZine, moambeSi anaxes televiziasTan dapatimrebuli
pirebi, romelTaganac naxevars vicnobdi.
25 ivniss dilas gavemarTe gamomcemloba „samSoblosTan“, sadac
unda Sevxvedrodi nacnobebs, raTa dagvewera mimarTva qarTveli
erisadmi, magram sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo gadavwyviteT mogvecada
ramodenime dRe. iq gavige, rom wina dRes daurbeviaT gazeTi „ibe-
ria–speqtri“. gavedi marjaniSvilze, sadac davjeqi troleibusSi
da gavemarTe muStaedis baRisaken, baRSi Sevedi ukana mxridan, iq
idga samasamde adamiani. me mivesalme maT, SevniSne, rom alyaSi
viyaviT moqceulni. me davapire wasvla, magram gamaCeres, jibeSi
fulTan erTad mqonda proklamaciebi, me vuTxari maT, rom ludis
dasalevad viyavi mosuli. erTma mamakacma yviriliT ukarnaxa maT:
daiWireT ego! me gaviqeci da iq mdgomnic gaiqcnen. ramdenime me
gamomekida da damiWires.
me movaxerxe fulTan erTad gadameyara proklamaciebi. mim-
iyvanes baRis SemosasvlelTan, viRac avtomatian pirovnebasTan,
romelmac gamCxrika da jibidan amomacala televiziis saSvi. iqve
idga televiziis TanamSromeli, romelic yovelives video gadam-
RebiT afiqsirebda, davinaxe, rom CemTan erTad daapatimres mox-
uci kaci da axalgazrda biWi. me wamiyvanes da Camsves 06 markis
avtomanqanaSi. manqanaSi CemTan erTad iyo sami avtomatiani mamak-
aci; erT–erTi maTgani maZalebda gadavmxtariyavi manqanidan da
gavqceuliyavi, gzaSi mayenebdnen moralur Seuracxyofas da maZa-
lebdnen Semeginebina prezidentisaTvis, Tan meqadnebodnen, rom
boTliT gamaupatiurebdnen.
mimiyvanes diRomSi miliciis sammarTveloSi. televiziis Ta-
namSromeli ukve iq dagvixda da iRebda Cems manqanidan gadmoy-
vanas. Semiyvanes SenobaSi. „davapatimreT televiziis TanamSrome-
797
li da Tavdasxmis liderio“. liftSi CemTan erTad Semoiyvanes is
ymawvili, romelic daapatimres baRSi. me miTxres vicnob Tu ara
mas, ra Tqma unda vuTxari rom ar vicnobdi. agviyvanes meoTxe Tu
mexuTe sarTulze, Segviyvanes erT–erT Tavisufal oTaxSi. isini
15–ni iyvnen. maT dauwyes im ymawvils cema, romelmac sTxova, rom
ar ecemaT da yvelafers ityoda, ris Semdeg igi gaiyvanes. jeri
Cemze dadga, Camiyvanes qveviT sarTulze, ar vici ramdeni xani
videqi. iq jibeSi proklamaciebis nawili damrCenia, isini trusik-
Si davmale, romelic Semdeg SevWame. CemTan movida erTi kaci,
romelic aqtiurobda Cems cemaSi. roca daminaxa daiwyo yvirili,
rom me gaqcevas vapirebdi da amiyvana zeviT. me vcade amexsna, rom
gaqcevas ar vapirebdi, magram maT damiwyes cema. gamxades maisuri
da fexsacmelebi da damiwyes cema. me veubnebodi araferi ar vici
da tyuilad mcemT-meTqi. Semdeg maT wamaqcies da Tan makavebd-
nen, rom ar gavnZreuliyavi. mirtyavdnen majaze oTxkuTxa joxiT,
fexis gulebze, Tirkmelebze, beWebze, iRliis qveS da mxrebze, Tan
memuqrebodnen gagaupatiurebTo, Semdeg moitanes wyliani vedro
da gadamasxes, gamiyvanes da didi xani matriales da viRaceebs ek-
iTxebodnen, Tu ra eqnaT CemTvis, yvela mxrebs iCeCda. bolos ki
(Tu ar vcdebi sammarTvelos ufrosi unda yofiliyo), miTxra, rom
Zalian kargad micnobda sadgurebis mitingebidan moyolebuli da
uTxra maT, rom Caveyvane qveviT da Tan damewera axsna-ganmarteba.
Camiyvanes qveviT, CamomarTves rac medo jibeSi da Camsves meeqvse
sakanSi.
sakani iyo 2 metri 80 sm, iqve iyo tualeti da tualetis
odnav maRla iyo 2-8 sm gamoweuli mili, saidanac iSviaTad Tu ga-
mouSvebdnen wyals. oTaxSi Zalian cxeloda, haeri ar moZraobda
da gviWirda sunTqva. sakanSi viyaviT 11-ni. wina sakanSi ijdnen qa-
lebi. ramdeni iyvnen ar vici (amboben 16-nio). xandaxan mRerodnen
„Savlegos“ xSirad ismoda ekas xma, meore dRes ki qalebi sadRac
gadaiyvanes.
CemTan erTad myofni pirveli oTxi dRe, Zalian mZime mdgo-
mareobaSi iyvnen, vTxovdiT wamlebs, magram ar mohqondaT. mexuTe
dRes cota xasiaTze movidnen da Cven daviwyeT Zveli qarTuli
simRerebi. vmRerodiT „gafrindi Savo mercxalo“, „win wyaro gad-
moviare“, „Cemo kargo qveyana“ da sxva. kargad mReroda walenjixis
prefeqti.
798
CemTan erTad sakanSi isxdnen:
wulaia zura (t: 39-46-46), romelic muSaobda samdivnoSi. sax-
lSi Cxrekis dros bavSvis ujraSi saTamaSoebTan Caugdes xelyum-
bara. zuras iq yofnis dros meore Svili (biWi) SeeZina. 6-7 dRis
Semdeg gaiyvanes dakiTxvaze da aRuZres sisxlis samarTlis saqme.
xarZiani irakli (t: 72-47-33) prefeqtis moadgile, romelic
daapatimres saxlSi 25 ivniss, gaanTavisufles pirvelSi.
guCua zurab (naTesavis t: 31-76-50) walenjixis prefeqti. daapa-
timres 24-Si televiziasTan. iyo sastikad nacemi saxeze. oTxi dRe
iwva Zalian mZime mdgomareobaSi.
oTxozoria goCa. zugdidi (naTesavis t. Tb. 51-46-15) daapatim-
res 24-Si televiziasTan, waiyvanes yofili „imelis“ SenobaSi, jaba
ioselianis biWTan. manqanidan gadmohyavdaT dapatimrebulebi pir-
saxocgadafarebulebi, raTa xalxs ar daenaxaT saxeebi. sastikad
cemes da cocxalmkvdari moiyvanes. iyo Zalian mZime mdgomareo-
baSi. saxeze nacemi dauCirqda.
TevdoraZeebi mama-Svili (daTo) (t: 99-84-88), daapatimres tele-
viziasTan. vakis miliciaSi daTos sastikad cemes da gabruebuli
mdgomareobaSi daawerines Cveneba, viTom didi xani icnobda Sur-
Raias da viTom man misca iaraRi.
daTo TevdoraZis vaJi (t: 60-60-58) daapatimres sadgurSi 24-Si,
scemdnen qals da gamoesarCla. adgilobrivi deputati.
dakiTxvebi daiwyo 30-Si da orSi. me ar davukiTxavar. xeli mo-
mawerines, rom ar davarRvevdi komendatis saaTs da ar miviRebdi
monawileobas mitingebSi.
erT-erT saRamos romeliRac saknidan gaisma sazareli yvirili
axalgazrda ymawvilis, ra gindaT Cemgan, gamiReT karebio...
ganTavisuflebis dros movida CemTan mamakaci da manaxa suraTi
da mkiTxa xom ar ijda CemTan erTad, an sadme xom ar daminaxavs.
suraTze iyo dvaliSvili nugzari (t: 60-75-66) televiziiT anaxes
dapatimrebuli. magram naTesavebma versad miagnes. morgSi ki naxes
gvami, romelic iyo nawamebi, gasivebuli da waagavda mas.
mamuka raWveli
9 ivlisi 1992 w.
799
TviTmxilveli
Cven oTxni wavediT rusTavSi mitingze. waviReT gazeTi „qar-
Tuli azri“. mitingze gamovida sityviT qalbatoni manana, mamuka
grZeliZe. Cven mivatoveT mitingi, vinaidan Ramdeboda da TbilisSi
unda wamovsuliyaviT. Tbilisis avtobusisaken rom gavemarTeT, im
dros mamukas uknidan avtomatianma oTxma axalgazrdam avtomatis
kondaxi Caartyes TavSi da daagdes Zirs asfaltze. oTxivem dau-
wyes cema kondaxebiT da fexebiT, Tanac unomro manqanaSi ZaliT
tenidnen. me gadaveRobe win, rom meSvela. erT–erTma axalgazr-
dam avtomatis lula momado gulze da miTxra: – gadi Torem ges-
vrio! am dros CvenTan erTad iyo neli miqaZe, romelmac maniSna
gazeTebze da ganze gavdeqi. es ori qali ki cdilobdnen, rom es
biWi ar gaetanebinaT. nelis orjer avtomatis kondaxi Caartyes
TavSi. es Cveni biWi ki Caagdes cocxal–mkvdari unomro manqanaSi
da gaurkveveli mimarTulebiT waiyvanes.
lena qacanaSvili
fsevdonimi „baTumeli“
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 31 marts afxazeTidan daiZra mravalaTasiani mo-
mitingeebis didi jgufi, raTa 9 aprils TbilisSi Casuliyvnen
daRupul mamuliSvilTa xsovnis ukvdavsayofad.
imave dRes kitovanisa da siguas mier gamogzavnilma gvardiam
gagvaCeres samtrediis misadgomebTan, mdinare cxeniswyalTan,
sofel maranSi, sadac davyaviT sami dRe-Rame. Cven viyaviT asamde
kaci, romlebsac avtobusSi gveZina. Cvenze sistematiurad ewyobo-
da Tavdasxmebi. meoTxe dRes ki dilis rvis naxevarze Semogrial-
da didi samxedro teqnika, gagviara 60-ze metma beteerma, xuTma
ikarusma, romlebic savse iyo SeiaraRebuli gvardielebiT, aseve
ramodenime aTeulma msxvilma teqnikam da masze damontaJebulma
zarbaznebma da sxva saxis artileriam. aq maT gaWylites Jiguli,
romelSic ijda senakeli kuso odiSaria. imave dRes im axalgazr-
da biWis gaWyletiT SeZrwunebul xalxs ramdenjerme mogvivardnen
gvardielebi da mxedrionelebi. im dRes mimdinareobda SimSiloba
(aqciis meore dRe) abaSis raionis sofel marnis avtosadguris Se-
nobaSi. aq iyo gakruli lozungebi da zviad gamsaxurdias suraTi.
800
mxedrion-gvardielebma dafliTes yvelaferi (maT Soris lozunge-
bi) „damoi gossovet, vo glave SevardnaZe“ da „daisajon 9 aprilis
sisxliani inspiratorebi“. zviad gamsaxurdias suraTi ki viliss
gamoabes da samtrediaSi gaaqanes. iqve Seuracxyves erT-erTi mo-
SimSile gogo (k. S.), romelsac deda Seagines, (Tumca mTel xalxs,
romelic iqve iyo SeyuJuli naklebi dRe rodi ayares, sul avto-
matebis sroliT aSinebdnen. mere dauZaxes erT svan gvardiels
Tu mxedrionels da uTxres – es gogo svaniao. svanma meomarma ki
SesZaxa am gogos – „ra ginda svans amaTTano!“ SevardnaZe-siguas
„megruli ruqis“ gaTamaSebaze wamogebulma svanma mxedrionelma
xalxs agina deda – Tqveni jiSi ase da iseo... gogos ki xeli mou-
qnies. am faqts me Seveswari da Zalian mwyins, rom qarTvel biWebs
aseTi ramis gakeTeba SeeZloT. Tumca qalaq zugdidSi mosaxleobis
gasagonad erT mxedrionels daukvexnia – egec merve kolxi movka-
liT... (TiTqos kolxi qarTveli ar iyos) Cemze iyo ramodenime Ta-
vdasxma. mcemes kidec da amitom Cems gvars ar davasaxeleb. maTgan
sikdvili vaJkacobad ar mimaCnia, amitom sjobs, roca samSoblos
namdvilad gauWirdeba, maSin Sevswiro Tavi.
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 27 marts me da sami mandilosani CavediT Tbilisidan
rusTavSi, mitingze dasaswrebad. mitingze mTxoves gamovsuliyavi
sityviT. sityviT gamosvla ar mindoda, radgan axali informacia
ar mqonda, magram mokle sityviT mainc gamovedi da xalxs Sevpir-
di, rom kvirisaTvis (29 marti) Cavidodi da axal informaciebs mi-
vawvdidi.
mitingze didxans ar davrCenilvarT, roca mivuaxlovdiT avto–
sadgurs, saidanac TbilisSi gadian avtobusebi, Cems win gaCerda
TeTri feris 05 markis Jiguli, saidanac gadmovida avtomatiani
ymawvili da mibrZana Cavmjdariyavi. me uari vuTxari Cajdomaze
da vkiTxe vin iyvnen da ra undodaT. maSin man damiyvira da mwvda.
viRaca Semomaxta da TavSi raRac mZime sagani Camartya. me manqa-
nisken wavbarbacdi. xeliT Sevikave Tavi, raTa manqanaSi ar Cavesvi
da vcade motrialeba. am dros ki safeTqelSi odnav maRla, raRac
mZime sagani Camartyes da waviqeci. viyavi naxevrad gabruebul md-
gomareobaSi. saTvaleebi sadRac gadavarda, mesmoda qalebis yvi-
801
rili da mamakacebis gineba. gavarCie sityvebi, rom me TiTqos ter-
oristi viyavi da Tu yvirils ar movrCebodi Subls gamixvretdnen.
manqanaSi vijeqiT xuTni: me da CemTvis ucnobi oTxi SeiaraRebu-
li adamiani. erT-erTma miTxra amomeRo iaraRi. me vuTxari, rom
iaraRiT ar vibrZvi, maSin maT damiwyes cema, gineba da moraluri
Seuracxyofa, Tan mpirdebodnen rom Cemi wuTebi daTvlilia da
kiserze momabavdnen Toks da tbaSi damaxrCobdnen.
manqana gaCerda. tbasTan gadmomiyvanes manqanidan da gaagr-
Zeles cema da moraluri Seuracxyofa. mcemdnen mxolod TavSi.
Semdeg miTxres amometrialebina jibeebi. me amovyare jibeebidan
rac mqonda. maT damiwyes dakiTxva, agreTve Cems jibeSi ipovnes
telefonis nomrebi da damiwyes gamokiTxva Tu visi iyo es nomre-
bi. uTuod Seamowmebdnen da gaigebdnen vin iyvnen es pirovnebebi.
Semdeg naxes Cemi piradobis mowmoba da mkiTxes zogierT Cems Ta-
namSromlebs Tu vicnobdi da rom naRdi qarTvelebi maT mxareze
arian da ra saerTo mqonda am ... isini xalxs uwodebdnen sxvadasxva
Seuracxmyofel sityvebs. miTxres damewera, rasac TviTon mkar-
naxobdnen. me davwere, rom rusTavSi mitings meored veswrebodi
da aRar Camovidodi... Semdeg miTxres damewera, rom am mTavro-
bis winaaRmdeg aRar gamovidodi da maT sasargeblod vimuSavebdi,
razedac uari vuTxari, rom mirCevnia davexvrite, maSin maT dami-
wyes cema, ris Semdeg waviqeci tbis napiras, kamiSebSi erT–erTma
maTganma revolveri mesrola, romelic amcda. ukve sakmaod bnelo-
da, Semdeg amayenes da memuqrebodnen, rom Tu ar davwerdi gamaupa-
tiurebdnen da aqve momklavdnen, rom veravin verafers gaigebda.
me isev winaaRmdegoba gavuwie, maSin maT scades Cemi dakodva, ris
Semdeg davTanxmdi xelis moweraze. Semdeg maT Camsves manqanaSi da
mimiyvanes avtosadgurSi, Tan mixsnidnen gzaSi, rom isini iyvnen
namdvili patriotebi, Cven ki...
avtobusebi aRar dadioda, iwyeboda komendantis saaTi. erT–
erTma maTganma momca 50 maneTi, taqsiT, rom wavsuliyavi da
miTxres, rom es iyo viTom avansi da 30 marts daminiSnes paemani,
viTomda ambebis misatanad. me ar viRebdi fuls, Semdeg aRvuTqvi,
rom fuls ukanve davubrunebdi. sanam me saxlSi mivdiodi Cemi mS-
oblebisaTvis viRacas daurekia da uTqvams, rom Tu unda, rom misi
Svili ar moklan fuli moemzadebinaT.
grZeliZe mamuka
fesvdonimi „kuka“
802
TviTmxilveli
18 maisi, orSabaTi dRe, gavigeT, rom gaerodan eqspertebi arian
Camosulebi, gvinda Cveni protesti arsebuli reJimis winaaRmdeg ga-
movxatoT mitingiT, magram faSisturi reJimis wiTeli SeiaraRebu-
li banditebi gareT Sekrebis uflebas ar gvaZleven. rusTavelis
Zeglidan universitetamde Tavisufal adgils veZebT, raTa uceb Se-
vikriboT, magram ar xerxdeba, imdeni „egzekucia“ yavT gamoyvanili.
movilaparakeT, gadavsuliyaviT manqanis saval nawilze da moZraoba
SegveCerebina. vTqviT da avasruleT kidec. SeCerda moZraoba, ro-
gorc dainaxes quCa xalxiT aivso, universitetTan mdgari „beteeri“
mTeli siswrafiT gamoqanda Cvensken. xalxma erTmaneTs CavWideT
xelebi da gadavuRobeT gza „beteers“. „beteeri“ Cvens fexebTan
damuxruWda, xelebiT vawvebiT da xeliT gviWiravs. „beteers“ ver
vereodiT. ase gagrZelda 20 wuTi, bolos mainc „beteerma“ imarj-
va, gaarRvia xalxis talRa da gadavida meore mxares. „beteerebze“
isxdnen rezinis xelketebiani axalgazrdebi da aqeT-iqidan uSend-
nen xalxs xelketebs. „beteerebi“ trotuarze amodiodnen da ise
dasdevdnen xalxs, Semdeg zurgidan Semogviares da ise Segvrekes
rusTavelis metroSi cema-tyepiT, rogorc naxiri.
19 maisi, isev grZeldeba mitingis Catarebis mcdeloba. gvin-
da SevikriboT rogorme, magram ver xerxdeba. rusTavelis Zegls
TiTqos milicielebi mousxavso imdeni arian, rom moedani wiTlad
iyureba. xma gavrcelda Tavisuflebis moednisken wamodiTo. Cvenc
nel-nela iqiT viwevT da yvelas veubnebiT, rom iq vikribebiT, move-
diT moedanze Tu ara, xelad gaCndnen „beteeriani“ SeiaraRebuli
Zmebi. iq dRes gansakuTrebuli siurprizi mogvimzades. dRes xalxs
avCarka ZaRlebiT SeiaraRebulni daxvdnen. me videqi univermaRis
Sesasvlelis win da gaverTe ZaRliani kacebis yurebiT, romlebic
mTeli gulmodginebiT usevdnen ZaRlebs xalxs. am dros mTeli Zal-
iT daviyvare: „gaumajos demokratias saqarTveloSi-meTqi“. ra Tqma
unda, es Cemi cinikurad naTqvami kargad aRiqves mxedrionelebma
da miliciam, metaken da sul muStebisa da wixlebis cemiT Semtenes
miliciis manqana „kolxoznikSi“. Semovarda erTi milicieli manqana-
Si, romelsac erTi didi varskvlavi hqonda samxreebze da imisTana
uwmawuri lanZRva-gineba dagviwyo, yuro nu gaigonebo. xelSi qol-
gis meti araferi meWira, maSinve meca xelSi da wamarTva qolga.
veubnebi ratom marTmev, me TviTon vzidav, Tqven nu SewuxdebiT–
803
meTqi. xvdeba, rom davcini da qolgas miRerebs. mimiyvanes diRom-
Si miliciis sammarTveloSi. SesvlisTanave veubnebi iq myof yvela
miliciels, rom am kacma qolga wamarTva da aRar maZlevs-meTqi, im-
deni viZaxe, ukan gadmomigdo isev... ramodenime wuTis Semdeg Semoi-
yvanes eTer mgalobliSvili da lamara dvaliSvili, isinic Cemsav-
iT metro „Tavisuflebis moedanTan“ auyvaniaT. Segviyvanes sakanSi,
saidac iyvnen marika abaiSvili, ana WavWavaZe da sxvebi. sul viyaviT
rva qali. Cemze marika abaiSvilma didi STabeWdileba datova.
me erTi ramis Tqma SemiZlia marikaze, Tu kidev arian saqa-
rTveloSi marikasTana adamianebi, maSin saqarTvelo aucileblad
gadarCeba, me or dReSi gamomiSves.
daWeris Semdeg gareT aRar gavsulvar. 26 maiss yvelani darw-
munebulebi imaSi, rom ar gvesrodnen, wavedi mitingze filarmo-
niasTan. respublikis moedanze Cvens oponentebs hqondaT taS-fan-
dura gamarTuli. mitingi daiwyo pirvel saaTze, misi damTavrebis
Semdeg gamoacxades manifestacia rusTavelis Zeglisaken da daviZ-
ariT kidec. xalxi Zalian bevri iyo, is iyo gaviSaleT gzaze da
daviwyeT svla, rom uceb gaisma avtomatebis jeri, xalxi daibna,
ar moeloda gasrolas. erTxans gairindnen Cveni mowinaaRmdegee-
bi, mixvdnen, rom haerSi sroliT ver dagvaSinebdnen da axla sxva
xerxs mimarTes. gaqanebuli manqaniT Sig xalxis talRaSi Semovard-
nen, sadac erT qals daetaknen.
respublikis moedanze ki gamarTul taS-fanduras eswrebodnen
didi demokratebi beikeri da Cveni Tanamemamule edika, oras metr-
Si ki gansxvavebuli azris mqone adamianebs tyviebs uSendnen „didi
demokratebi“.
l. m. mkeravi
29.05.92 w.
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 26 maisi. saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dRes zeimobs
ed. SevardnaZe, romelic saqarTveloSi sdevnida erovnul moZrao-
bas da disidentebs. am dRes qalaqSi me sazeimod ar gamovsulvar.
gavedi, raTa mec SeverTebodi mravalaTasian kolonas, romelic im
dRes zar-zeimiT ki ar xvdeboda, aramed saprotesto moTxovniT
– saqarTveloSi kanonierebisa da kanonieri prezidentis aRdge-
804
na! filarmoniasTan uamravi xalxi Sekrebiliyo lozungebiT da
prezidentis suraTebiT. respublikis moedanze ki mcirericxovani
wiTeli inteligencia, komkaSvirisa da raikomis yofili mdivnebi
komunisturad zeimobdnen.
Cven resTavelisken daviZariT, gvsurda mSvidobiani mslve-
lobis mowyoba rusTavelis prospeqtze, magram win „mxedrioni“
gadagveRoba da srola agvitexa. mere dagverivnen, droSebi wag-
varTves, merab kostavas suraTebi wagvglijes da daxies. xalxi dai-
fanta. 26 maiss, merab kostavas dabadebis dRes Tu qarTvelebs qa-
rTvelebi gvesrodnen, amas ver warmovidgendi, Tumca SevardnaZisa
da misi Tanamoazreebisagan ra unda gagvikvirdes? isini beikeris
saameblad quCis erT mxares zeimobdnen, cekvavdnen da mRerodnen,
meore mxares ki qarTvelebs awiokebdnen da tyviebs gvesrodnen.
ase Catarda 1992 wlis 26 maisi.
mzia lomTaZe
q. Tbilisi, 1992 wlis 28 maisi
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 26 maiss me da mama universitetSi wavediT miting-
ze. momitingeebi ukve filarmoniisaken midiodnen, Cven gavyeviT...
xalxi kanonierebis aRdgenas da politpatimrebis ganTavisufle-
bas moiTxovda. mamas vTxove me da Cemi amxanagi SevardnaZis mier
mowyobil „paradze“ wavalT da vnaxavT ra situaciaa–meTqi. wave-
diT, xalxi iq arc ise bevri iyo. zeims komunisturi paradebis
droindeli xasiaTi hqonda. xalxis yuradRebis misaqcevad para-
Sutistebi Camoafrines. iq bevri nacnobi vnaxe, romlebic kanon-
ieri xelisuflebis momxreebi arian, magram wamosuliyvnen, radgan
maTac ainteresebdaT, Tu ra xdeboda aq... me da Cemi megobari
kvlav filarmoniasTan davbrundiT. rogorc SevityveT, mitingi
daurbeviaT.
T. n.
TviTmxilvelis naambobi
1992 wlis 18 maisi. im dRes TbilisSi iyo saerTaSoriso komisia.
gvindoda mitingis Catareba rusTavelis ZeglTan. ZeglTan idgnen
milicielebi avCarka ZaRlebiT da samoqalaqo pirebiT. xalxi
805
moedanTan ar miuSves. ZaRlebs Tokze gamombulebs arbeninebdnen
pirdapir xalxze. Semdeg momitingeebi wamovediT Tavisuflebis
moedanze. metrosTan moiyvanes beteeri da iq wreebs akeTebdnen.
aseve pirdapir xalxs mogvisies dageSili avCarka ZaRlebi. metros-
Tan Camoiyvanes miliciis manqana. gansakuTrebiT kvlav axalgazrda
biWebi aqtiurobdnen qalebis cemaSi. erT Cems gverdiT mdgom qals,
sami Svilis dedas miliciis oficerma ubiZga – saxlSi waeTrieo
da Segvagines. maT staces or qals xeli, erTi Cemi mezobeli iyo
– sul cemiT miiyvanes miliciis manqanamde. me gamovesarCle, „us-
aqmuro dedakaco waeTrie aqedan Torem Senc dagiWero!“ damemuqra
SeiaraRebuli. orTave daWeril qals urtyamdnen miliciis form-
iani oficeri da axalgazrda biWebi. im vilisis manqanaSi Casves
kidev ori mamakaci. im komisiis wevrebs es saSineleba ar unaxavT.
isini am dros moswavleTa sasaxleSi iyvnen da koncerts ismendnen.
inJineri m. s.
Tbilisi
dazaralebulis naambobi
1992 wlis 18 maiss unda Catarebuliyo mitingi rusTavelis Ze-
glTan. 16 saaTze misasvleli Caketili iyo beteerebiTa da mil-
icielebiT, romelTac xelSi hqondaT xelketebi. momitingeebi
wamovediT universitetisaken, magram iqac ar migviSves. am dros
TbilisSi komisia iyo Camosuli. isini arc ki dainteresebulan
mitingiT, mxolod SevardnaZes usmendnen. quCaSi xalxTan ar mo-
sulan.
meliqiSvilis quCaze xalxs dauwyes cema. cemdnen axalgazrda
biWebi joxebiT. maT ecvaT samoqalaqo tansacmeli. gvaginebdnen da
gvcemdnen. me mcemes, mirtyes sxeulis qveda nawilze, gansakuTre-
biT fexebze, ris Sedegadac fexi damizianda, kani gadaskda, Semdeg
daiwyo daCirqeba, risi mizeziTac biuletenze viyavi mTeli Svi-
di kvira. fexi axlac Zalian mtkiva. urtyamdnen yvelas, dids Tu
pataras, qals Tu moxucs ganurCevlad. Cems win erT axalgazrda
biWs Zalian urtyes. is ugonod daeca miwaze.
eqTani ledi mRvdeliaSvili
Tbilisi
806
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 2 Tebervlisa. me, nozaZe telmani nikolozis Ze mcx.
qalaq rusTavSi. var 56 wlis kaci, myavs sami Svili. TbilisSi viyavi
da ra Tqma unda mitingsac daveswari. mitingi tardeboda rkinig-
zis sadguris winamdebare teritoriaze. dezertiris bazris mxri-
dan Sesasvleli Caketili iyo miliciis muSakebis mier. ar gviS-
vebdnen, magram xalxma iZala. gaarRvia kordoni. daiwyo mitingi.
xalxis ZiriTadi moTxovnebi iyo droebiTi mTavrobis gadadgoma
da kanonierad arCeuli prezidentisa da parlamentis dabruneba.
mitingi daiwyo 12 saaTze, bevri xalxi iyo da yvelani manifestaci-
iT daviZariT. midioda xalxi da mivdevdi mec. gadaviareT Tamaris
xidi da mivuaxlovdiT cirks. ukan rom gamovixede xalxis nakads
bolo ar uCanda. cirkTan gza gadaketili iyo grZeli garmoSka
avtobusebiTa da satvirTo manqanebiT, ise rom rac unda eRonaT
momitingeebs avtobusebs ver daZravdnen. iqiT cisterniani avto-
manqana idga wyliT savse. rom mivediT im gadaketil adgilamde,
sami biWi avida avtobusebze. maT cirkis ezodan tyviebi daayares.
jer wyliani Wavli gamouSves, mere pirdapir avtomatis jeri
dagviSines. me saswrafod movtrialdi ukan. 50 metri ara mqon-
da gavlili, rom marcxena fexSi muxlis qvemoT daviWeri. sisxli
TqrialiT Camomdioda. Cems gverdiT 4–5 kaci daiWra mZimed. erTi
22 wlis biWi TavSi nasroli tyviisagan iqve daiRupa.
Tbilisi
1992 w.
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 10 aprils dilis or saaTze rkinigzis sadguris
moedanze damakaves. bazarSi mivdiodi. metrodan amosvlisTanave
movida ori axalgazrda biWi da miTxres, rom ufrosma gvibrZana,
vinc sadgurze amova yvela daapatimreT. ZaldatanebiT wamiyvanes
e. w. kpz-Si, sadac uamravi prezidentis momxre qalebi da mamakace-
bi iyvnen ayvanili.
me damkiTxes da gamomiSves xuT saaTze.
ase laxaven Cvens adamianur uflebebs demokratiis droSiT mo-
suli TviTmarqvia mTavroba, ar gvaZleven mitingis Catarebis sa-
Sualebas. sami adamiani erTad Tu dainaxes apatimreben.
meri nemsiwveraZe
23 maisi 1992 w.
807
wyevla tanjuli dedisa
„visac Cven ar vebralebiT,
Cven SevibraloT risada?!
sikvdili TviTon ufalsa
gauCenia mtrisada“ – vaJa
saqarTveloSi dabrunda qarTveli eris saZulveli pirovneba,

RvTisagan Serisxuli, umZimesi codvebiT savse, pirsisxliani niR-
biT, satanuri zraxvebiT, eris samarcxvino Svili (menaneba „saqa-
rTvelos Svilad“ misi moxseniebac ki) – eduard SevardnaZe.
Camovida da saqarTveloSi Camowva ukuni, haerSic ki jojox-
eTurma geheniam daisadgura. adamiani, romelic am geheniis cecxl-
Si unda iwvodes, axla Tavisi binZuri suliT saqarTvelos wamlavs.
maT, vinc saqarTveloSi es satana moiwvia, gza gaukvala, Tbiliss
moavlina, iwama da mxsnelad dausaxa ers, Caixedon Rrmad sakuTar
sulSi da iq hpoveben pasuxs – satana mudam satanad rCeba, ar Sei-
Zleba igi sikeTes emsaxurebodes.
usamarTlobas, ganukiTxaobas, proteqcionizms, autanel ide-
ologiur marwuxebs, adamianTa tanjva-wamebis WeSmarit sapyro-
biles – rogoradac saqarTvelo aqcia SevardnaZem, gaurbodnen
Cemi Svilebi. maT Cemi qeba ar sWirdebaT. maT saqebars, pirovnul
Rirsebebs, sulier da zneobriv simaRles aRiarebs yvela – vinc
maT icnobda.
me gavuzarde saqarTvelos saukeTeso Svilebi!
„Cven gviyvarda, gvi-
yvars da gveyvareba
Cveni samSoblo, Cven
gavurbodiT axlandel
wyobas“ – ganucxada
sasamarTlos kaxam da
paatam.
amave wyobis veragobasa da borotebas aumxedrda bavSvobidanve
TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZoli zviad gamsaxurdia – suliT marTa-
li, adamiani RvTisnieri, namdvili demokrati, WeSmariti qarTve-
li, romelic satana eduard SevardnaZem saqarTvelodan gaaqcia,
mowamebriv gzaze daayena.
wyeuli iyav eduard SevardnaZev Seni ojaxiT! RmerTma mogis-
808
pos Cemi paatas mosaxele Svili! RmerTma adamianuri sikvdilic ki
ar gaRirsos! mogaswros Svilebisa da SviliSvilebis muxanaTur
sikvdils, sxvisTvis gamzadebuli SxamiT mogwamlos da mogxras
ufalma! iwode zezeulad, miwamac ar miiRos Seni Zvlebi! saji-
jgnaT iqec yvavTa da yoranTa! amowydes Seni saxsenebeli! ise ga-
camtverdi, rom ar dagrCes STamomavali Seni sulis mosaxsenieb-
lad! wyeuli iyav samaradisod!
an damibrune Cemi Svilebi, an Seevedre ufals agisrulos es
wyevla!
wyeulic iyos SenTan erTad is qarTveli, vinc gverdSi dagides!
Tu vicocxleb, mxolod imisTvis, rom ganadgurdes Seni STamo-
mavloba!
ufalo CemTan ars! ufali mTlad saqarTvelosTan ars!
kaxa da paata iverielebis tanjuli deda
nazi baxtaZe
1992 wlis 26 maisi
TiTqmis erTi kviriT adre televiziiT mTavroba da TviT Se-

vardnaZe gveZaxda SevrigdeTo, erTad vimReroT da vicekvoTo.
SevikribeT pirvel saaTze filarmoniasTan. movida uamravi xalxi,
CavatareT mitingi kanonieri xelisuflebis aRdgenis moTxovniT.
Semdeg lozungebiTa da suraTebiT mivdiodiT rusTavelze,
saidanac unda avsuliyaviT merab kostavas saflavze – 26 maisi xom
misi dabadebis dRecaa. respublikis moedanze Seikriba mTavrvo-
ba, iq iyo beikeric, gamarTuli hqondaT taSfandura da cekva. Se-
vardnaZe, romelic yvelafers akeTebda, imisTvis, rom saqarTvelo
ar yofiliyo Tavisufali, dRes 26 maiss zeimobs saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobis dRes. Cven roca msvleloba daviwyeT da mivediT
redaqciis SenobasTan daiwyo srola. isrodnen sastumro „iveri-
is“ saxuravidan da redaqciis Senobis saxuravidan. xalxi mainc
ar daiSala, mivediT rusTavelis ZeglTan, magram iq xalxs dauw-
yes saSineli cema. xalxs scemda samoqalaqo tansacemlSi Cacmuli
biWebi 18-19 wlisani, ufro Wanturias da mxedrionis xalxi, ra-
modenime biWs saxeze scnobdnen kidec. erT biWs sul rusTavelis
Zeglis kibeebze artymevines Tavi. erTi qali da bavSvi waaqcies da
809
zed Sublze revolveri daades. erT qals daajaxes wiTeli manqana
Jiguli. albaT is qali da biWi gardaicvalnen. avRniSnav, rom 26
maiss xalxi bavSvebiT iyvnen misuli, Cven xom mTavroba zeimze gve-
patiJeboda, Serigebas gvTxovda. zustad 200-300 metris daSore-
biT demokratiis mama SevardnaZe da beikeri cekvebiT tkbeboda da
maTgan 100 metrze xalxs esrodnen da scemdnen, xolo maT TiTqos
srolis xma ar esmodaT.
gldanis masivi me-5 mikroraioni
qimikosi m. l.
26 maisi
qarTveli xalxisaTvis am metad Rirsaxsovar dRes filarmoni-
asTan SevikribeT. marTalia, wina dRes televiziiT mxedrionis „va-
Jkacebma“ mkacrad gagvafrTxiles – mitingze ar gamoxvideT, To-
rem gesvriTo, magram xalxi mainc movida. filarmoniasTan mitingi
Catarda da msvlelobiT merab kostavas ezosken gavemarTeT. mou-
lodneli srolebiT SegvaCeres. me maTi saxeebi ar damaviwydeba,
adamianebs ar gavdnen da raRac aranormalur mdgomareobaSi imy-
ofebodnen. uceb xalxSi wiTeli unomro manqana Semovarda da aqeT–
iqiT awydeboda. xalxi gaifanta, viRaca qali waborZikda da droze
xeli rom ar etacaT, manqanis qveS moyveboda. Cven isev vcadeT gzis
gagrZeleba, magram axla tyviebis wvima wamovida. zogi sadarbazoSi
Sevarda, zogi gaiqca. sanam xalxi ar daSales, srola ar Sewyvetila,
Zalian cdilobdnen demonstrantebs xeli ar SeeSalaT beiker-Se-
vardnaZis SousaTvis da komunisturi aRlumi ar CaSliliyo. caSi
vertmfrenebi gamoCnda, etyoba, maT xmaurs unda gadaefara srolis
xma, Semzaravi suraTi iyo. erT mxares qarTvelebs esrodnen qarT-
velebi kanonierebis aRdgenas ratom Txoulobda da meore mxares
yofili partiuli muSakebi, Zveli komkavSirlebi da privilegire-
buli wiTeli intelegencia sicil–xarxariT, cekva–TamaSiT fexqveS
egeboda beikers da SevardnaZes da arad agdebda sakuTari xalxis
mimarT gamoyenebul Zaladobas. aqac gamoCnda, rom TviTonve iyvnen
yovelive amis aqtiuri monawileebi da xelisSemwyobni.
didxans videqiT jguf-jgufad, mere nawil-nawil metrosken
SevecadeT gasvlas, magram uSedegod. mxedrionelebs gza mWidrod
SeekraT, nawilma mainc miaRwia rusTavelis metromde. am dros
810
beikerma gamoiara, xalxma yvirili atexa „SevardnaZe iuda“! dams-
jeli razmi isev gamovarda da mglis xrovasaviT daeria xalxs.
urtyamdnen, aginebdnen. Cven m. kostavas saxlisken gaveSureT da
iqaurobas gavecaleT, meti ra gza gvqonda.
nana talaxaZe
1992 wlis 26 maisi

26 maisi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aR-
dgenis dRea. es dRe gmiri merab kostavas dabadebis dRea. yove-
live amis gamo 26 maisi gamocxadda dasvenebisa da sazeimo dRed.
„mTavroba“ sazeimo koncerts marTavda respublikis moedanze,
xolo prezidentis momxreebi SevikribeT saxelmwifo filarmoniis
win da gavmarTeT mitingi. xelisuflebisagan ramdenjerme iyo mc-
deloba Cveni mitingis CaSlisa provokaciuli situaciis SeqmniT,
magram radgan Cveni mitingis wamyvanidan mowodeba iyo provoka-
cias ar wamovgebodiT, mitingi mSvidobianad Catarda. manifestan-
tebi gavemarTeT merab kostavas saxlisaken, raTa dedamisisaTvis
– qalbaton olikosaTvis migveloca batoni merabis dabadebis dRe,
magram aq moxda gaugonari ram. jer rusTavelis prospeqtidan
udidesi siswrafiT gamoqanda ramodenime msubuqi avtomanqana.
erT-erTi, rogorc me movkari Tvali, iyo Sindisferi (ra marki-
sa ver vityvi, radgan is jer erTi swrafad moZraobda da meorec
awiokebul xalxSi manevrirebda da ver SevZeli manqanis nomrisa
da markis danaxva). amis Semdeg daiwyes momitingeebze gamokideba
da cema. yovelive amas sCadioda ara milicia, aramed samoqalaqo
tansacmelSi gamowyobili xelketebian avtomatian-pistoletebiani
axalgazrdebi, romelTagan arc erT maTgans ar gaaCnda adamianu-
ri gamometyveleba, pirze duJi hqondaT momdgari. isini araadami-
anuri sisastikiT scemdnen momitingeebs. iginebodnen binZuri si-
tyvebiT. garkveulma nawilma mainc SeZlo rusTavelis Zeglamdis
misvla da qalbaton olikosaTvis Svilis dabadebis dRis milocva.
vin iyvnen es axalgazrdebi? es is axalgazrdebi iyvnen, romleb-
mac 10 maiss universitetTan daarbies momitingeebi da zogierTi
maTgani daapatimres kidec.
c. k.
Tsu mecnier-TanamSromeli
811
1992 wlis 23 maisi
1992 wlis 23 maiss mitingi unda gamarTuliyo rusTavelis Ze-
glTan, magram iseve rogorc wina dReebSi, am dResac mimdebare
teritoria dakavebuli hqondaT miliciis razmebsa da samoqalaqo
formaSi Cacmul, Cemi azriT „mxedrionis“ wevrebs (mxedrions vam-
bob imitom, rom Semdgom es axalgazrdebi, romlebmac usastikesad
scemes qals, amoicno erT-erTma iq myofma). Zeglisa da moednis
garSemo idga ramodenime beteeri. samoqalaqo tansacmelSi ga-
mowyobilebi miliciis muSakebTan erTad gamvlelebs ar aCerebd-
nen moedanze, Tu romelime Seedaveboda, maSinve stacebdnen xels
da manqanaSi agdebdnen. miuxedavad amisa, xalxi mainc Segrovda,
Tumca uamravi adamiani iqna dapatimrebuli, mxolod imis gamo,
rom movidnen mitingze an sruliad SemTxveviTac moxvdnen aq... mec
xalxTan erTad videqi gaCerebasTan, roca Cvens jgufs mouaxlov-
da 5-6 axalgazrda, romlebmac moiyvanes 40 wlamde asakis mamakaci
da Cems win mdgom or axalgazrdaze miuTiTes – eseni arian Sens
manqanaSi, rom isxdnen“, „ara arasodes minaxavs es xalxi, eseni ar
ariano,“ upasuxa man. maSin erT-erTi axlos mivida im axalgazr-
debTan da mimarTa – „es kaci ambobs, rom Tqven mis manqanaSi isxed-
iT da rom misi manqanis moparva gindodaTo“ – isev Semobrunda
e. w. manqanis mflobelisaken da hkiTxa: „xom eseni arian manqanis
qurdebio“. manqanis patronma kvlav protestiT ganucxada, ram-
denjer unda giTxraT, rom TvaliTac ar minaxavs es xalxio. maSin
mas mohkides xeli da uxeSad gaiyvanes gverdiT, xolo danarCen-
ebs uceremoniod, yovelgvari sabuTis gareSe mosTxoves, dasapa-
timreblad amorCeulebs, sabuTebi. iqve axlos videqi da wavikiTxe
gvarebi – gogolaZe da marsagiSvili. roca maT ukan mosTxoves
pasportebi, damsjeli razmebis warmomadgenlebma upasuxes, rom
isini iparavdnen manqanas da unda daapatimron. maSin me mivmarTe:
TviT manqanis patroni uars ambobs, eseni ar iyvnen manqanasTano
da Tqven ra ufleba gaqvT aseTi braldebis da xalxis ayvanis–
meTqi. erT-erTma damsjelma mipasuxa: – Tu wynarad ar iqnebi,
Seni adgilic amaTTan iqneba. iZulebuli gavxdi gavCumebuliyavi,
radgan isini am muqaras marTlac Seasrulebdnen da albaT mec
damabralebdnen rames. Semdeg maT kidev miemata ramodenime kaci
da es ori axalgazrda Zalis gamoyenebiT waiyvanes manqanebisaken.
waiyvanes maTTan erTad manqanis patronic, romelic bolo wuTam-
812
de ambobda, rom es ori axalgazrda sruliad udanaSauloa da
arafer SuaSia Cems manqanasTano. ra bedi ewia am or udanaSaulo
axalgazrdas dRemde ar vici. Cven ki wavediT universitetisaken,
rom egeb iq mainc gamogveTqva protesti arsebuli xuntis mimarT.
xalxis nakadi ar iyo misuli universitetTan, rom win manqanebi da
milicia gadagvidga, damsjel razmTan erTad daiwyo „dubinkebiT“
xalxis cema, isini xandaxan iaraRis kondaxebsac iyenebdnen. rus-
Tavelis mxridan wamovida „beteeri“, masze amxedrebuli 4-5 kaciT,
romlebic aseve „dubinkebiT“ iyvnen SeiaraRebulni da xalxs zevi-
dan, pirdapir TavSi urtyamdnen. davinaxe rogor daiWires ase 50-60
wlis kaci, rogor dadundoblad scemes misi SviliSvilebis asakis
axalgazrdebma. xalxi Semobrunda, rom mixmareboda sadistebis xe-
lSi moxvedrils, magram daiwyes srolac, am dros davinaxe rogor
morboda asakovani qalbatoni, romelsac mosdevda 5-4 janmagari,
Svilistoli biWi „dubinkebis“ trialiT. qali xalxs Seeria, ma-
gram isini daewivnen, gamoaTries xalxidan da daundoblad scemes.
erT-erTi maTgani iveriasTan daewia aseve qals, raTa mTeli si-
sastikiT gasworeboda. qalbatoni daeca, maSin „vaJkacebi“ fex-
iT Sedgnen da albaT veRaraferi ixsnida am qalbatons, rom isev
didi Tavganwirvis fasad xalxs ar gamoetaca aSkara sikvdilisgan.
am dros „beteeri“ avarda trotuarze da pirdapir xalxSi daiwyo
brunva, ar vici, vin rogor daSavda. xalxis dasarbevad TviT gela
lanCavac mobrZanda, aginebda xalxs, qalebsac ki mimarTavda uxeSi
sityvebiT. erT-erTma iq myofma icno mxedrionis wevri, romelic
qals scemda – gela qafianaSvili. igi mosuli iyo darbevaze gaz–24
markis, TeTri feris 7-81 nomriani manqaniT. nacemi xalxi aiyvanes
da manqanebSi Catenes. momitingeebi saSinlad iqnen darbeulni Se-
vardnaZis xuntis mier „demokratiuli saxelmwifos asaSeneblad“,
magram is rac meore dRes moxda albaT amis warmodgena SeuZle-
belia. suraTi iseTive iyo, rac wina dRes rusTavelis ZeglTan,
magram ramac yovelgvar mosalodnelobas gadaaWarba, is iyo rom
momitingeTa dasaglejad „demokratma“ faSistebma – „avCarkebi“
moiyvanes. albaT es idea saqarTvleoSi yvelaze did „demokrats“
SevardnaZes mouvida azrad. vnaxe rogor miusies ZaRli erT-erT
qalbatons, romelic SiSiT Tavzardacemuli garboda.
m. xuciSvili
813
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 10 maiss vapirebdiT kanonieri xelisuflebis mxar-
damWerni mitingis Catarebas rusTavelis ZeglTan. mivediT dan-
iSnul adgilas, magram igi garSemortymuli iyo miliciis kor-
doniT. milicia mTlianad iyo gafantuli rusTavelis prospeqtze,
amitom xalxi daiZra universitetisken. iqac igive suraTi dagvix-
vda. emateboda avtobusebi savse milicielebiT. daaxloebiT sami
avtobusi moiyvanes. universitetis ezoSi idga policiis beteer-
ebi, gzaSi kidev dagvewia ramdenime. xalxi mainc SevgrovdiT Cais
saxlTan. sityviT gamovida Tengiz kikaCeiSvili (universitetis
profesori). Semdegi sityviT gamodioda lia enuqiZe, Semocvivd-
nen samoqalaqo formaSi gadacmuli xelketianebi da daiwyes xalx-
is darbeva da cema. Cemi TvaliT vnaxe rogor umowyalod Cascxes
deputat beJan javaxias, romelic xalxma gamoiyvana. gaekidnen Ten-
giz kikaCeiSvils da mouqnies xelketi. es xelketi viRac momitinge
biWma moixvedra batoni Tengizis magivrad. mainc moaxerxes batoni
Tengizis ayvana. urtyamdnen yvelas umowyalod, raTa xalxi dae-
SalaT.
1992 wlis 26 maiss, rogorc yvelasTvis cnobilia saqarTvelos
Tavisuflebis dRes – xuntis mier moxsnili iyo komendantis saa-
Ti. Cven kanonieri xelisuflebis momxreni SevikribeT dRis pir-
vel saaTze filarmoniasTan. Zalian bevri iyo Semogzavnili mxe-
drionis wevri, romlebic cdilobdnen SantaJis mowyobas, magram
xalxi yuradRebas ar aqcevda. daviZariT manifestaciiT filar-
moniidan. is iyo mivuaxlovdiT gamomcemlobas, rom xalxis nakadi
gaarRvia wiTeli feris „09“ markis avtomanqanam. gaognebuli xalxi
aqeT-iqiT gaifanta. am dros manqanidan (es kidev sxva manqana iyo)
gadmoxta gaSmagebuli avtomatiani da atexa srola haerSi. erTx-
ans gaognebuli videqi. „09“ markis avtomanqana kvlav ganagrZnobda
manevrirebas rusTavelis prospeqtze. amis paralelurad iqve res-
publikis moedanze sahaero Sou koncerti midioda. me ukve rusTav-
elis metrosTan videqi, roca CvenTvis ukve kargad cnobili giga
arvelaZe SevniSne. is xalxs moerekeboda Tavis damqaSebTan erTad.
yvelas metrosken ubiZgebda. mis gverdiT mdgoms xelSi revolveri
eWira da didi guli hqonda. daiWires moxuci qali SviliSvilTan
erTad, waaqcies da fexiT Sedgnen „demokratebi“ arvelaZe da Zmanni
misni. bavSvis kivils mihqonda iqauroba. es xdeboda zed rusTave-
814
lis metrosTan. miliciam ver gabeda iq misvla, rom gaeCerebinaT
es cxovelebi. gamoekidnen 40 wlis kacs, urtyes umowyalod, Tan
revolvers umiznebdnen.
T. T.
Tbilisi, 1 ivnisi
18 maisi
a. w. 18 maiss, rogorc televiziis saSualebiT gvqonda gagebu-
li, TbilisSi Camosuli iyvnen damkvirveblebi sazRvargareTidan.
kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardamWerni unda SevkrebiliyaviT rus-
Tavelis ZeglTan gansazRvrul dros. rogorc wina dReebSi, swored
am adgilas da mimdebare teritoriaze ganlagebuli iyvnen xelke-
tiani milicielebi da javSantransportiorebi, daTqmul adgilas
didi raodenobis xalxi Seikriba. swored am dros javSantranspor-
tiorma, romelic idga kinos saxlTan, daiwyo manevrireba xalxis ma-
saSi, raTa maTTvis ar mieca mitingis Catarebis saSualeba, xalxma
daixia filarmoniis mimarTulebiT da bolos gadavwyviteT mitingis
Catareba universitetTan... erTi javSantransportiori da ramoden-
ime avtobusi milicielebiT saswrafod gaemarTa universitetisaken.
sanam momitingeebi fexiT CavediT iq, javSantransportioriT da xe-
lketiani milicielebiT universitetis ezo ukve savse iyo. es rom
davinaxeT, protestis niSnad gadavwyviteT quCa gadagveketa. asec
moviqeciT. am dros universitetis ezoSi mdgomi javSantranspor-
tiori neli svliT Cvensken gamoemarTa. Cven ara Tu ar daviSaleT,
gadavwyviteT „beteeri“ rogorme SegveCerebina. am mizniT „beteers“
win jer erTi axalgazrda kaci Caudga, Semdeg yvelam vcadeT xeliT
misi SeCereba, magram igi jiutad moiwevda win. mimitinge axalgaz-
rda biWebi „beteers“ orive gverdidan urtyamdnen cariel xelebs.
vicodiT ra, rom im „beteerSic“ qarTvelebi isxdnen, daviwyeT
„saqarTvelo! saqarTvelos!“ Zaxili. am dros xalxSi ucbad gaCn-
da saqarTvelos damoukideblobis droSa da saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias portretic. magram „beteeri“ sao-
cari sijiutiT moiwevda win. atyda wivil–kivili, radgan win mdgom
axalgazrda kacs lamis gadauara. isev Cven davTmeT, is axalgazrda
kaci Zlivs gamoviyvaneT da „beteeri“ gavatareT. am dros mTel qu-
Caze gamwkrivdnen xelketiani milicielebi da „beteermac“ daiwyo
xalxSi swrafad moZraoba. xalxi ar iSleboda, am dros manqanebiT
815
movidnen mxedrionelebi, romlebic xelketebiT daerivnen xalxs da
Tu vinme sityvier winaaRmdegobas gauwevda, uSveri sityvebiT lanZ-
Ravdnen. quCaSi saSineli wivil–kivili ismoda. sacxovrebeli sax-
lebidan iyurebodnen SeZrwunebuli macxovreblebi. xalxi mainc ar
iSleboda, Cemi TvaliT davinaxe, rogor Caartyes wixlebi muclis
areSi axalgazrda gogonas, romelic gaognebuli am situaciiT, dab-
neuli idga. gogona Caikeca, igi xalxma gaiyvana. mxedrionelebi ar
indobdnen aravis, davinaxe rogor miimwyvdia quCis kuTxeSi Torme-
tiode biWma erTi xanSiSesuli kaci da rogor gametebiT urtyamdnen
xelketebs. is adamiani ar SeiZleba cocxali gadarCeniliyo, radgan
Zirs dacemulsac ki saSinlad scemdnen. xalxi mainc ar iSleboda,
Semdeg daiwyes srola. „beteerebze“ amxedrebul mxedrionelebs da
policielebs, romlebsac gamarjvebuli saxeebi hqondaT, sacxovre-
beli saxlebidanac ki uwevdnen winaaRmdegobas macxovreblebi da
xalxs eqomagebodnen. Semdeg daiwyes xalxis ayvana. davinaxeT Tu
rogor scemes da Semdeg Catenes manqanebSi ori axalgazrda kaci.
mitingi ra Tqma unda ar Catarda, magram Cven imedi gvqonda, rom
sazRvargareTeli damkvirveblebi amas dainaxavdnen an gaigebdnen,
magram maT, arc Semdgom dReebSi SeuwuxebiaT Tavi, rom quCaSi ga-
mosuliyvnen da xalxis umetesobis azri gaegoT dRevandel poli-
tikur viTarebaze saqarTveloSi.
Semdeg gavige, erT–erTi biWi, romelic scemes im dRes, miting-
ze gardacvlila;
T. R.
mecnier-TanamSromeli
TviTmxilveli
2 Tebervals daaxloebiT 130 saaTze SevuerTdi manifestacias,
romelic miemarTeboda sadguris moednidan Tamar mefis gamzir-
iT gmirTa moednisaken. manifestaciis monawileni midiodnen wyn-
arad, mSvidad. Zalian bevri xalxi iyo. manifestaciis monawileebs
esalmebodnen macxovreblebi fanjrebidan, erovnuli droSis
frialiT. aseve quCis orive mxridan moqalaqeni aSkarad Tana-
ugrZnobdnen manifestaciis monawileebs. gaismoda SeZaxilebi:
„gaumarjos kanonier mTavrobas“, „gaumarjos kanonier prezidents
zviad gamsaxurdias“, „Zirs xunta“ da a. S. gadaviareT Tamar mefis
816
xidi. am dros Cven SevamCnieT, rom cirkis goraze da mis mopirda-
pire mxares gorakze idgnen SeiaraRebulni (avtomatianebi). Cven
SevCerdiT. male daiZra kolona. gavuswordiT ruxaZis quCas. am
dros gaisma srolis xma. xalxi SeCerda, magram gaisma momiting-
eTa mxridan xma: „nu geSiniaT xalxno, ar gvesvrian, gvaSinebeno
albaT“. isev gavagrZeleT msvleloba, magram ukve gaxSirda avto-
matebis jerebis xma. Cven CavimuxleT. gvesrodnen ganuwyvetliv (me
ase meCveneboda), ramdenjerme Cavimuxle da avdeqi. gaisma isev xma
„xalxo davbrundeT“. davbrundiT. ukve zemo (pirvel nawilebidan)
gamorbodnen axalgazrdebi yviriliT: „Cqara, Cqara, gaiwieT, manqa-
nebi gamoatareT, daWrilebi gamoviyvano“. davinaxeT oTx mamakacs
gamohyavda xelSi atatebuli daWrili, romelsac wels qvemodan
da qveda kidurebidan Camodioda sisxli. amas mohyva meore, mesa-
me da a. S. xalxi SeCoCqolda, qalebma moTqma–tirili Seqmnes „ras
gverCian, ratom gvxocaven, nuTu ar SeiZleba gansxvavebuli azris
gamoTqmao?“ amasobaSi mivediT gzajvaredinze, aq megafoniT gvac-
nobes, rom daWrilia 9 kaci da moklulia ori. maT Soris 14–15
wlis bavSvi da gaisma mowodeba: – „xalxno, ar daviSaloT, gava-
grZeloT msvleloba“. nawili demonstratebisa wavida sadguris
moednisken, nawilma gza gaagrZela aRmaSeneblis prospeqtiT mar-
janiSvilis moednisaken. mivaRwieT Tu ara stomatologiur po-
liklinikamde, gaisma srolis xma. viRac qalbatonma gamoaRo fan-
jara da dagviZaxa: „xalxo win nu midixarT, moedanze tankebia da
beteerebic uyeniaTo“. TandaTan gaxSirda srolis xma. marjaniS-
vilis moednidan ukan gamorboda xalxi. ver varCevdiT saiT wav-
suliyaviT. iqve ezoSi SevcvivdiT, sarTulebze davimaleT. Zalian
axlodan ismoda srolis xma, TiTqos mogvdeveno. iq vimalebodiT
erTi saaTi. am xnis ganmavlobaSi ganuwyvetliv ismoda srolis xma.
e. k.
8.02.1992 w.
TviTmxilveli
a. w. 2 Tebervals mivedi sadguris winamdebare teritoriaze,
sadac unda Catarebuliyo grandiozuli mitingi kanonieri xeli-
suflebis mxardasaWerad. mitingis CasaSlelad sxvadasxva xerxebi
iqna gamoyenebuli xuntis mier. komendantis brZanebiT gaCerebu-
li iqna metropoliteni, transportis sxva saSualebebic. amis gamo
817
xalxi iZulebuli iyo fexiT evlo. sadgurze dagvixvda miliciis
piketi, Tumca maTi mxridan winaaRmdegobas adgili ar hqonia.
CavatareT mravalaTasiani mitingi, Semdeg gavemarTeT gmirTa
moednis mimarTulebiT. me videqi daaxloebiT kolonis SuaSi. ga-
daviare Tamaris xidi da aRmovCndi or ferdobs Soris. am dros
marjvena ferdobidan moisma pirveli srolis xma, romelsac mohyva
orive ferdobidan xSiri srola, Tumca davaskveniT, rom es srole-
bi iyo fuWi tyviebiT. amis Semdeg davinaxe cirkTan wylis Wavli,
romelsac mohyva masirebuli srolebi, magram es tyviebi ukve ar
iyo fuWi, radgan ori sami wuTis Semdeg Cems gverdze Caatares
sami daWrili, romlebic dafiqsirebulebi arian gadamRebi apara-
tiT... amis Semdeg yvelam ukan davixieT, radgan srolebi ara da ar
wydeboda. xalxi iyo Zalian SeSfoTebuli da Sewuxebuli.
msvleloba gavagrZeleT aRmaSenebelze, im imediT, rom mivi-
dodiT ministrTa umaRlesi sabWos SenobasTan da saprotesto
aqcias CavatarebdiT. Cven SevuxvieT ra univermaRisaken, atyda
umowyalo srola. imis saSualebac ar iyo, rom daWrilebisaTvis
migvexeda, srola ar wydeboda, isrodnen rogorc avtomatebiT,
aseve dajavSnuli manqanebiT. xalxs uWirda gaqceva, radgan msvl-
elobaSi monawileobas iRebda aTasobiT adamiani. amis gamo bevri
daiWra da gardaicvala. xalxs misdevdnen sadarbazoebSi, metros
sadgurebSi, mokled yvelgan, sadac xeli miuwvdebodaT. gogona
mirboda metrosken, magram wamoewivnen, TmebSi xeli staces da
Seagdes vilisis markis manqanaSi. me movaswari gadarbena, metros
gverdze saxlSi, erTma RvTisnierma adamianma Segviyvana sakuTar
saxlSi, romlidanac vaxerxebdi winamdebare teritoriaze momx-
dari faqtebis danaxvas. davinaxe metros sadguridan Tu rogor
gadmoiyvanes daWrili biWi da moaTavses saswrafo daxmarebis
manqanaSi. dajavSnuli manqanebi darbodnen da xalxze nadirobd-
nen (sruli am sityvis mniSvnelobiT) xalxs lanZRavdnen Semdegi
sityvebiT: – Tqven zviadi gindaT ara? Tqveni deda...
saaTnaxevriani brZolis Semdeg gamovedi saxlidan da Sevedi
metros sadgurSi, romlidanac gamovida ramodenime SeiaraRebuli
piri. rodesac mivedi vagzlis moedanze, xalxi iqac SeSfoTebuli
iyo – xalxs esvrian da zemoT ar axvideTo. ase gamwarebuli da
gaubedurebuli davbrundi saxlSi.
T. z.
6.02.1992 w.
818
dazaralebuli
13 aprils, diliT 9 saaTze Segvatyobines, rom germaniis sagareo
saqmeTa ministri genSeri aTis naxevarze preskonferencias gamar-
Tavda sastumro „metexSi“. sul 15 kacamde viyaviT. Cven gvindoda
genSerisaTvis gveTqva simarTle, gadagveca kaseta, romelSic naT-
lad iyo asaxuli TbilisSi da sxva qalaqebSi mimdinare procesebi
(omis dawyeba, mitingebis darbevebi, daxvretebi).
samwuxarod genSerma Segvaswro sastumroSi da Cven iZulebul-
ni gavxdiT ukan davbrunebuliyaviT, rom Tavisuflebis moedanTan
mdgomare xalxs SeverTebodiT, romlebic lozungebiT elodebod-
nen genSers, raTa saprotesto mitingi gaemarTa da amiT gamoex-
ataT Tavisi pozicia.
xuTi–eqvsi nabijis gadadgmac ver movaswariT, rom viRac ucxo
mamakacma da ramodenime milicielma alyaSi mogvaqcies da xelis
kvriT dagviwyes gayra. rodesac SevepasuxeT, gaaCeres gzad mima-
vali saswrafos manqana da daiwyes Cveni ayvana. erTi kaci maSinve
waiyvanes. rogorc Semdeg gavigeT es pirovneba aRmoCnda gela da-
viTaia (mas 30 dRe miusajes). kidev ori biWis ayvana rom daapires,
winaaRmdegoba gavuwieT da moulodnelad samoqalaqo formaSi my-
ofma pirovnebam umowyalod damiwyo cema. Tavi martymevina sas-
wrafo manqanis karebze. goni davkarge da vigrZeni, rom gatexili
Tavidan sisxli Camomdioda. Tvalebi amiWrelda. sisxlis danaxvaze
milicielebi Secbnen da saswrafod Semogvecalnen. SevrCiT erT-
maneTs misuli 15-iode kaci. metromde fexiT viare, tkivils ver
vgrZnobdi. aRmomaCnda tvinis Seryevac; ris gamoc erTi Tve gaun-
Zrevlad viweqi da vmkurnalobdi.
nino mamiaSvili
dazaralebuli
mcx. rusTavSi, vaxuStis q. №7a avTandil giorgis Ze bucxrikiZe
1992 wlis 16 marts sastumro rusTavidan manifestaciiT mima-

vali kanonieri prezidentis mxardamWeri momitingeebi dagvarbies
xidTan. me meWira lozungi: „Zirs ukanono mTavroba!“, „moviTxovT
kanonieri prezidentis dabrunebas“. miliciis manqanidan gadmosu-
li kaci Tvalis daxamxamebaSi momvarda, safeTqelSi muWi Camartya
819
da lozungi wamarTva. dedaCemis yvirilze is miimala. sxvebsac
daerivnen, ar indobdnen, arc qalsa da arc kacs. dagvixies erovnu-
li droSebi, daxies lozungebi. daxies prezidentis suraTebi. erT
kacs axrCobdnen xeliT. mas Tvalebi gadmoekarkla da am suraTis
Semyure SeuZlod gavxdi.
a. bucxrikiZe
10.05.92 w.
dazaralebuli
kokaia iveri, mcx. q. rusTavi sumgaiT metalurgebis q. №10–3
erovnul moZraobaSi Cabmuli var 1989 wlidan. var ilia mar-

Tlis sazogadoebis wevri. vdgevar kanonieri xelisuflebis da
kanonieri prezidentis gverdiT.
1992 wlis 15 marts rusTavSi mitingis msvlelobis dros mcemes
avtomatis luliT da kondaxiT. mqonda tvinis msubuqi Seryeva.
kokaia i.
daWrili
kulumbegaSvili giorgi mixeilis Ze
Tbilisi, didubis q. №16
tel: 34–88–61
davibade 1949 w. TbilisSi. umaRlesi ganaTlebiT. daviWeri

1992 wlis 2 Tebervals mitingis msvlelobis dros. momitingeebi
mivdiodiT „droebiTi mTavrobis“ adgilsamyofelosaken, moviTxo-
vdiT gadamdgariyvnen – moviTxovdiT kanonieri xelisuflebis da
prezidentis dabrunebas. roca mivediT momitingeebi – daaxloebiT
200 000–mde kaci cirkis SenobasTan axlos, winidan jer mogvasxes
wyali, Semdeg dagviSines tyviebi, gviSendnen cirkis ferdobebidan
tyviebs samive mxridan. tyvia momxvda marcxena fexSi. „akf“ saxis
tyvia. jer wamiyvanes meore saavadmyofoSi, Semdeg ki CxeiZis quCa-
ze tramvatologiurSi. qalbatonma qavTaraZem gamikeTa yvela sa-
Sualeba, rom fexi mokveTas gadaerCina. fexi SemrCa oRond miWirs
siaruli, misivdeba da mtkiva.
820
daWrili
me r. x. davibade 1935 w. q. TbilisSi. myavs meuRle da Svile-
bi. 1991 w. 22 dekembers daaxloebiT dilis 9 saaTze vimyofebo-
di mTavrobis saxlis win. am dros eklesiis mxridan gamoCnda sami
axalgazrda, amaTgan ors avtomati hqonda xelSi, xolo mesame
SuaSi hyavdaT, viTom tyve iyo da mTavrobis saxlSi mihyavdaT. is
viTom tyve, damtyvevebelze win garboda da aman dagvaeWva yvela,
am dros Cveni mxridan icnes isini, rogorc prezidentis mowinaaRm-
dege SeiaraRebuli banditebi. es rac xdeboda iyo TamaSi, am Tama-
SiT undodaT mTavrobis saxlSi Sesvla. xalxma maSinve icnes isini
da yvirili daiwyes, iq mdgom uiaraRo xalxs orive avtomatianma
jeri mogviSves, xalxi CalasaviT moicela, me fexSi daviWeri, sxve-
bic bevri daiWra. iq aRmoCndnen axalgazrda biWebi da pirveladi
daxmareba aRmogviCines, saswrafo daxmarebac movida da CxeiZis qu-
Caze arsebul saavadmyofoSi operacia gamikeTes. sami Tve saxlSi
vmkurnalobdi ubnis eqimTan.
r. x.
daWrili
4-5 oqtomberi. me v. C. davibade 1969 w. goris r-nSi. var saSua-
lo ganaTlebis ucol-Svilo. 1991 w. 4 oqtombers dRis 12 saaTze
daiZaba mdgomareoba mTavrobis saxlis win. uamrav xalxs moeyara
Tavi. radioTi iyo mowodeba, xalxs unda daecva Tavisi neba da
amomrCevlebi SeiaraRebuli bandebisagan. davrCi mTavrobis sax-
lTan 5 oqtombris 3 sT–mde. daiZaba mdgomareoba Ramis pirvel
saaTze. TiTqmis iveriasTan SeiaraRebulma bandebma atexes Zlieri
srola. xalxi daiWra erTic daiRupa. xolo meored mosvlis dros
daniT damWres qaSueTis eklesiasTan. daWrili mqonda (RviZli,
nawlavebi da kuWi) am dros midioda mTavrobis saxlze intesiuri
srolebi. vmkurnalobdi pirvel saavadmyofoSi 18 dRe.
v. C.
daWrili – 6 ianvari
a. b. i. daibada 1957 w. q. TbilisSi. aqvs saSualo ganaTleba.
muSaobda me-3 taqso motorebis parkSi. aris wevri saq. wminda ilia
marTlis sazogadoebis. hyavs meuRle da oTxi Svili.
821
1991 w. 22 dekemberis diliT daaxloebiT 10-11 saaTze movxvdi
mTavrobis saxlSi. vicavdi Cems arCeul prezidents iaraRiT xel-
Si, Ralati iyo quTaTelaZisa da saerTod ufrosebisagan, ar fun-
qcionirebda Stabi. iyo qaosi. yvelaferi migdebuli iyo preziden-
tis imedad. SigniT daiRupnen Cveni wevrebi aCiko ramiSvili, daTo
xelaSvili, avelina pertia da sxvebi. iyo Zalze didi msxverpli,
vetfreniT dabombva, ris Sedegadac daiWra ori kaci, erTma miiRo
stresuli mdgomareoba. es gaxldaT prezidentis dacvidan vaJa
saq. wminda ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri.
1992 w. 5 ianvars saRamos pirze prezidentma Caatara Sekreba,
sadac ixilavdnen informaciebs. bolos xalxs mouwoda „visac gin-
daT datoveT mTavrobis saxlio, aravis ar giWerTo, arc moRalat-
ed gamogacxadebTo“, magram prezidentma xalxisgan uari miiRo.
Semdeg 6 ianvars Ramis 3 saaTze dagviZaxes da gviTxres moxseniT
postebio. me TviTon vnaxe prezidenti. me vuTxari informacia mov-
ida gasvlis Sesaxeb, man miTxra, ki gavdivarT yvela avtobusebSio.
CavjeqiT avtobusebSi, moyvanili iyo sami avtobusi da gavediT
prezidentis win, Cvens avtobusSi iyvnen deputatebi. Tavi veravin
ver moaba, rom kolona erTad gasuliyo. Cveni avtobusi iyo pir-
veli. mivaRwieT metexis xids. mopiketeebma gza gadagviRobes, mok-
les mZRoli (soxumeli) atyda srola, rasac mohyva kivil–wivili,
zogi daiWra, zogi iqve mokvda. isxdnen qalebi, erTi daiWra, rome-
lic radioSi muSaobda. me TviTon am avtobusSi daviWeri, marcxena
mxares gulmkerdis areSi erTma tyviam gamiara. sami tyvia Semdeg
amomiRes pirvel saavadmyofoSi.
am avtobusSi daixoca valiko yavelaSvili, emzari lomTaZe da
sxvebi. yvelas saxeli da gvari ar vici.
a. i.
6 ianvars metexTan avtobusSi daWrili

v. m. v. davibade 1971 w. 4 oqtombers q. TbilisSi muSaTa ojaxSi.
myavs mSoblebi, erTi da. var ucolSvilo. 1988 w. davamTavre №15
saSualo skola, 1989 w. movewyve politeqnikur institutSi, ar var
arc erTi sazogadoebis wevri.
1991 w. 22 dekembers dilas damirekes da miTxres mTavrobis sax-
lis win srolebi ariso. me saswrafod Cavicvi da wavedi. mindoda
822
Cemi TvaliT menaxa, Tu ra xdeboda mTavrobis saxlis win. vnaxe
saSineleba. saRamoTi quCaSi Suqi gadaWres, me Cems megobarTan
erTad gadavwyvite mTavrobis saxlSi Sesvla. Cavewere moxaliseTa
jgufSi. jgufi Seiqmna, iaraRi arc erTs ar gvqonda. uiaraRo vi-
yavi 1992 wlis 6 ianvramde e. i. bolo wuTamde. me kontaqti mqon-
da sruliad saq. wminda ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevrebTan.
xSirad vxedavdi prezidents. misi mowodeba arasodes ar yofila
qarTvelis fizikuri mospoba. me pativs vcem imisTvis, rom man
erT–erT mitingze ganacxada „Cven roca gvesvrian, Cven yvavilebi
vesroloTo“. is aris WeSmariti qristiani. mas undoda mSvidobiani
gziT mogvarebuliyo saqme. magram ase ar moxda. isini gvitevdnen,
ingreoda yvelaferi, iyo msxverpli, iyvnen daWrilebi, romlis
gayvana samSvidoboze normalurad ver xerxdeboda. SeiaraRebuli
banda ukan ar ixevda, ase gadioda dReebi. 1992 w. 5 ianvars saR-
amoTi prezidents hqonda CvenTan Sexvedra. prezidentma Tqva
nebismiers SegiZliaT waxvideT saxlSio, visac SiSi gaqvT, xalxi
uklebliv darCa.
me TviTon iaraRi ar mqonda, vicavdi xalxis nebas uiaraRod.
1992 w. 6 ianvars, Rame 3-4 saaTze Suqebi Caqra. bunkerSi Cvenidan
ori kaci Cavida da uTxres, Cqara gavdivarTo. am ambavma Cvenam-
de moaRwia. me viyavi pirveli, avtobusSi ki yvelaze bolos avedi.
yvelaze win Cveni avtobusi wavida. Turme metexTan gza yofila
gadaketili SeiaraRebuli jarebisgan, dagviwyes srola. mZRoli
mokles. SigniT atyda wivil–kivili. xalxi daiWra, Cems Tvalwin
mokles emzari da valiko. alyaSi moveqeciT, me daviWeri. avto-
busidan gadmovxti. daundobeli srola amitexes, roca gons move-
di, Cvenma megobrebma Semiyvanes ojaxSi. am dros Tavze dagvadga
somexi SeiaraRebuli biWi, saxli moaTvaliera da wavida. aqedan
SemiZlia xmamaRla vTqva rom es omi ar yofila ZmaTa mkvleli omi.
mimiyvanes pirvel saavadmyofoSi, sadac operacia gamikeTes. daW-
rili mqonda fexi, gulis mxare, xerxemali, marcxena xeli, gverdi
xerxemlisa da beWis Sua. amJamad cotas movikoWleb.
prokuraturidan iyvnen, damkiTxes mxolod.
z. v.
823
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 27 marts me da or mandilosans gvaxlda erTi axal-
gazrda vaJi mamuka. Tbilisidan rusTavSi wavediT mitingze, raTa
mogvesmina zusti informaciebi Tbilisis mitingebze. mitingi dai-
wyo saRamos xuT saaTze. mitingze mTxoves, rom ramodenime sity-
va meTqva momitingeebisaTvis. gamovedi sityviT. movuwode xalxs,
rom mTavaria rwmena ar davkargoT da iaraRiT mosul mTavrobas
ar davmorCildeT-meTqi... am dros movida TeTri 05 markis Jiguli,
unomro. mamuka gamodioda sityviT... mas Cumad gadavulaparake wav-
suliyaviT saswrafod rusTavidan. Cven wavediT avtosadgurSi, ro-
gorc ki sadgurs mivuaxlovdiT davinaxeT, rom ori TeTri Jiguli
idga gverdigverd. me da mamuka mivdiodiT win, ukan is mandilosani
mogvyveboda. am dros unomro Jigulidan gadmoxta erTi gamxdari
patara biWi avtomatiT da mamukas ubrZana saswrafod Camjdariyo
manqanaSi. mamuka SeekiTxa Tu raSi iyo saqme, ucbad uknidan erTi
biWi Semoaxta zurgze da TavSi avtomatis kondaxi daartya. mamu-
ka uceb CaiCoqa. me mivvardi ratom scemT, ra dagiSavaT–meTqi?
dayvireba da dartyma TavSi erTi iyo. Tvali damibnelda, magram
isev mamukas gamovesarCle. urtyamdnen umowyalod. mamuka saTva-
les atarebs, romelic manqanis win egdo. davwvdi, aviRe, magram
isev TavSi momxvda avtomatis kondaxi. jer wamomdgaric ar vi-
yavi fexze, rom Cemi Svilis tolma biWma safeTqelSi revolveri
momado, Tu xmas ar Caiwyvitav gagaTavebo da fexi Camcxo. mamu-
kas ZaliT miaTrevdnen. am dros is ori mandilosnebic movidnen,
imaTac atexes yvirili. me vexvewebodi, rom saTvale miecaT, bavSvi
ver dainaxavda verafers: viZaxdi: mkvlelebo, moRalateebo. mamu-
ka manqanaSi Casves. mas mgoni dakarguli hqonda goneba. romelic
saWesTan ijda iyo maRali. misi da yvela imaTganis saxe ar damavi-
wydeba arasodes. erT–erTma amoiRo wiTeli saSvis magvari sabuTi
da miyviroda rusTavis komendanti varo da revolveri momiSvira,
axlave gagaCumebo. xalxs eubneboda, rom es biWi teroristiao.
Cven wamovediT TbilisSi. im Rames Zlivs gavaTene da diliT sad-
gurze gavedi, iqneb raime gamego mamukas Sesaxeb. misi saTvaleebi
me mqonda. rac ar unda gvcemon, rac ar unda gvesrolon, sanam
pirSi suli gvidgas, mainc vibrZolebT simarTlisaTvis da Cvens
mier arCeuli prezidentisaTvis.
manana beJitaSvili
824
TviTmxilveli
25 marts veris parkSi mdebare Wadrakis sasaxleSi gaimarTa
mweralTa kavSiris XI yriloba. dilis 10 saaTze sasaxlis win ua-
mrav xalxs, mkiTxvels moeyara Tavi. yriloba mowveuli iyo 11
saaTisTvis, amitom xalxi nel–nela emateboda. maT xelSi eWiraT
wivwivaZis, Carkvianis, fanjikiZis, iza orjonikiZis wignebi, isini
protests ucxadebdnen maT, rogorc avtorebs, romlebic gaxldaT
inspiratori kanonieri prezidentis SeiaraRebuli gziT damxobisa
da mSvidobiani mitingebis daxvretisa.
me da Cemi megobari universiteteli qali SemTxveviT SevxvdiT
51–e skolasTan. orive veris parkisken miveSurebodiT. 10 saaTze
me da Cemi megobari CamovjeqiT skamze da vsaubrobdiT, rodesac
davinaxeT jansuR Carkviani, romelic gabrwyinebuli miemrTeboda
sasaxlisken. Cemma megobarma wignebi, romelic xelSi eWira mis dasa-
naxad daalaga mopirdapire skamze. me mas mivbaZe da akuratulad
davawyve sxva wignebis gverdiT. ase dawyobili wignebi „wesrigis
damcavTa“ mier iqna miyril–moyrili, raTa SeeqmnaT STabeWdile-
ba TiTqos xalxma barbarosulad dawva, daxia da mimoyara wignebi.
jansuR Carkvianma ginebis korianteli daayena Cems megobars, risi
mowmec aris batoni rezo jafariZe da masTan myofi mwerlebi. is
igineboda cofmoreuli, yviroda ise, rom arc revaz jafariZis
da arc sxva mwerlebis Segoneba ar esmoda. am yvirilze „wesrigis
damcvelTa“ erTi jgufi mivarda Cems megobar qalbatons da Zirs
dauwyo Treva da cema. me miveSvele mas, raTa xelidan gamomeglija
maTTvis es sifrifana patara qali. viRac orma „wesrigis damcvel-
ma“ mtaca xeli da gamaTria televiziis avtobusisaken. isini rac
Zala da Rone hqondaT xels migrexdnen. me maT vuTxari miveyvane
televiziis warmomadgenelTan da gadavuRe, raTa mTel saqarTve-
los gaego ra xdeboda. maT xeli gamiSves da ukan gabrundnen, raTa
xalxi gaerekaT. amasobaSi CemTan movidnen Cemi TanamSromlebi da
gamomapares meore mxridan. Cem megobar qalbatons tuCidan sisx-
li sdioda da gverdebi sul Calewili hqonda, Zirs egdo da ver
dgeboda.
dazaralebuli
825
TviTmxilveli
me da Cemi megobari diliT, aTis naxevarze Wadrakis saxlis win
baRSi davsxediT. im dRes mweralTa yriloba unda gamarTuliyo.
xalxi nel-nela grovdeboda. iyvnen gvardilebi da milicielebic.
male jansuR Carkvianic gamoCnda. misma danaxvam erT–erT skamze
mjdomi qalbatoni metad aaRelva. me da Cems megobars sityvebi
ar gvesmoda, magram rogorc Cans, maT Soris Selaparakeba mox-
da. gvardielebic TiTqos amas elodnen, mivardnen qalbatons da
waaTries miwisqveSa gasasvlelamde. Semdeg yvelani garekes. ase
gaanTavisufles baRi. mwerlebsa da xalxs Soris gvardielebisagan
Semdgari kedeli aRimarTa, maSin prezidentis momxre qalbatonma
Tqva: „me mindoda misTvis gadameca wignebi Semdegi warweriT: „ar
gvinda sisxliani mwerlebi da Tu sisxlianebi ar arian, SevardnaZem
ratom mouxada madloba iaraRis xelSi aRebisTvis, amaze gagvces
pasuxio“, axla iZulebuli var Soridan mainc gadavugdo es wigne-
bi, radgan axlos ar miSvebeno“. „inteligenciamac“ ar daayovna,
Zirs dayrili wignebs „vefxistyaosanic“ Seuria, TiTqos preziden-
tis momxreebi kulturas ver itanen da aRarc rusTavelis xseneba
surTo. sul male mwerlebis dasacavad gvardielebis axali jgufi
movida da srola atexa.
1992 wlis 25 marti q. Tbilisi
metro didubesTan
3 ianvari 1992 w.
mitingze damagvianda, radgan fexiT momixda wasvla (metros

moZraoba Sewyvites) mivuaxlovdiT Tu ara didubes gamayruebe-
li griali gaisma metros mxridan. xalxi SeSfoTebuli gamorboda
wereTlis prospeqtze ucbaT win Cagviqrola 18–20 wlis ramden-
ime axalgazrdam, isini sul SavebSi iyvnen Cacmulebi, qurTukis
qveS raRacas maladvnen (mere mivxvdi, rom pistoletebi iyo) da
gaborotebuli gaavebuli saxeebiT yvirodnen: „yvelani unda
daxoco, arc erTi ar unda gauSvaT cocxali“. guli wydebodaT
rom mxolod ramdenime kaci mokles. xalxi wereTlis prospeqtze
wamovida. aq axlos poliklinikaa da Seiyvanes ramdenime daWrili.
mere manifestacia wereTlis prospeqts gauyva. 10 wuTis Semdeg
826
saxuravebidan atyda isev gamayruebeli srola, romeliRac saxlis
ezoSi Sevedi da svetebs mivefareT, tyviebi Cvens fexebSi cvioda.
erTi qali fexSi daiWra, roca srola Sewyda isev gavagrZeleT gza.
prospeqtze ucbad manqanebi gadagvidgnen win, gadmoxtnen iqedan
SavebSi Cacmuli naZirlebi da pirdapir xalxSi daiwyes srola.
rogor gadavrCi ar maxsovs. mosaxvevSi gaviqeci da didxans ver
movsulierdi. es iyo wereTlis metros maxloblad.
qimikosi n. g.
sadguris moedani
1 ianvari
mitingi daniSnuli iyo 12 saaTze, transporti ar moZraobda,

magram xalxi uwyvet nakadad miemarTeboda sadgurisaken. moedani
xalxiT gaivso Tamar mefis quCaze, gastronomis win idga ramden-
ime manqana xalxiT savse. isini (Sig msxdomi) gaavebuli gamome-
tyvelebiT icqirebodnen xalxisaken. mitingi daiwyo da 15–20 wuTis
Semdeg atyda srola zustad manqanebis mxridan. xalxi adgilidan
an daZrula, zogierTi Cacucqda da icdida rodis Sewydeboda es
Semzaravi srola. isrodnen haerSi da sadguris fasadzedac. erT
qalbatons kedlidan asxletili tyvia moxvda mxarSi da waiqca.
xalxi aRelvebuli mobrunda im mxares, saidanac tyviebi modioda
da uyviroda banditebs (maT sxva saxeli ara aqvs) gvesroleT barem
pirdapir da yvelani dagvxoceTo.
qimikosi n. g.
1992 wlis 2 Tebervali

2 Tebervals metroTi vagzlis moedanze gamovediT, iq uamrav
miliciels moeyara Tavi, moedanze iyo saxanZro razmebis manqane-
bi, metros sadguric Caketes, magram prezidentis mxardamWerebi
fexiT modiodnen, Segrovda uamravi xalxi. Sesrulda 12 saaTi,
moednis zemoT mdgomi saxanZro manqana daiZra da wamovida Tam-
aris quCis kuTxeSi. xalxma gaarRvia miliciis kordoni da Sevi-
da moedanze. daiwyo mitingi, romelic gagrZelda daaxloebiT or
saaTamde. mitingis damTavrebisas waikiTxes „mamao Cveno“ da amis
827
Semdeg jvriT xelSi axalgazrda biWi wauZRva win manifestacias,
romelic gmirTa moednisaken gaemarTa. rogorc ki cirks mivuax-
lovdiT, xalxi SeCerda, ferdobebidan srolis xma gavigoneT. win
davinaxeT saxanZros manqanidan wylis Wavli rasac mohyva srola.
xalxma daiyvira „davwveT da ar gvesvriano“. CavjeqiT, magram
srola mainc gagrZelda. gamoCndnen ukve daWrilebi. viRac yvi-
roda medroSe mokleso, Cems gverdiT qals guli Seuwuxda. zogi
gaognebuli iyo, ra eqna ar icoda. gamoCnda operatori, romel-
mac gadaiRo dasisxlianebuli tansacmeli, sisxliani xelebi. ar
iyo saswrafo daxmarebis manqanebi. gamovbrundiT ukan, SevCerdiT
Zvel kinostudiis moedanTan. gadawyda, rom daviT aRmaSeneblis
gamziriT gagvegrZelebina gza. mivediT marjaniSvilis moednamde,
roca gavige srolis xma, marjaniSvilis Teatrisaken CavuxvieT da
Teatris Senobidan da sacxovrebeli saxlebidan gagvixsnes cecx-
li. gamoCnda btr-ic. davinaxe gastronomTan rogor gamoiyvanes
daWrilebi. me Sevvardi metroSi, zemoT amosasvleli eskalato-
ri gaaCeres da xalxi qvemoT garboda. CavjeqiT matarebelSi da
amovediT sadgurze telefonze dasarekad, raTa gamego 73 wlis
mama, romelic manifestaciis dros amcda, saxlSi xom ar mivida.
ar gasula ramdenime wuTi, rom mocvivdnen gvardielebi Tu mxe-
drionis wevrebi (ufro mxedrionis, imitom, rom forma ar ecvaT),
yvirodnen „zviadi gindaT?!“ da ayolebdnen saSinel ginebas. atex-
es srola. Cven pirispir aRmovCndiT avtomatianTan, rogor gamove-
diT am srolidan ar maxsovs.
TviTmxilveli: j. R.
Tbilisi, vaJa-faSavelas pr. I kv.
TviTmxilveli – 3 ianvari
nozaZe qevseri (caro) Salvas asuli dab. 1942 wels q. TbilisSi

muSaobs Tbilisis isnis raionis 91 ubanSi pasportistad, ganaTle-
ba-saSualo, damTavrebuli aqvs erTwliani samedicino teqnikumi,
hyavs meuRle da erTi qaliSvili (studenti) ar aris wevri arcer-
Ti partiis.
q-ni nozaZe mogviTxrobs, Tu rogor daiWra 1992 w. 3 ianvars:
„me mxars vuWerdi prezidents, ufro swored simarTles“. dResac,
828
rom momklan, mainc vityvi simarTles; idga sisxlis gubeebi, ramac
SemaZrwuna. momxdari iyo darbeva. wavawydi sisxlis gubeebs, ro-
melsac yaraulobda axalgazrda biWebi, bavSvebma miTxres „deida
aq wminda qarTvelis sisxlia danTxeuli, fexi ar daadgao“. SeZr-
wunebuli gamovedi, didubeSi maRla korpusebidan isrodnen gau-
Taveblad. arcerTi tyvia ar momxvedria da arc SemSinebia. mivaR-
wie eklesias. viloce da RmerTs vevedrebodi ixseni Cveni Svilebi
sisxlis Rvrisagan. locvis Semdeg wamovedi wereTlis metrosken
fexiT, mindoda saxlSi amosvla, gamoviare ramodenime nabiji. din-
amosTan armisulma davinaxe Casafrebuli oTxi biWi iaraRiT, dam-
iznebuli hqondaT gzisken, rom davinaxe axalgazrda biWebi imedi
momeca da gadavwyvite davlaparakebodi maT, gadavwere pirjvari
da veubnebi, nu daideb qarTvelis codvas, dRes saqarTvelos gam-
ravleba ufro sWirdeba, vidre qarTvelis daxocva-meTqi. gadavw-
ere pirjvari. pirvelma, meorem da mesamem dauSva iaraRi, meoTxe
Cemsken wamovida, mucelze momado Tofi, ar megona Tu mesroda
da gadavwere pirjvari. Svilo Sen rom momkla me mainc daglo-
cav-meTqi, RmerTi iyos Seni Semwe-meTqi. amis Tqma iyo da davvardi
imis fexebTan, roca gamoverkvie xalxma momkida xeli, damawvines
sakaceze da matarebdnen fexiT. Semdeg Camsves volgaSi sakac-
iT. xalxs hqonda gaocebuli saxe, Zalian ganicdidnen am ambavs,
didi pativi mces, vigrZeni saocari siyvaruli da erTguleba erT-
maneTisadmi. es xalxi gaxlavT e. w. „demokratebis“ mier „brbod“
wodebuli.
manqanaSi rom Camsves tyvia moaxvedres am manqanasac. manqana gaC-
erda. mZRoli gadmovida da xalxs eubneba, es qali gadamirCineTo,
locvis mets arafers ar akeTebso. movida xalxi, kvlav ramoden-
ime kilometri erTi meoris monacvelobiT matares. poliklini-
kaSi (didubis), rom Semiyvanes naxes Wriloba da Tqves saswrafo
operacia unda, Cven ver dagexmarebiTo. Cvenma kargma axalgazrdo-
bam kvlav gamomiyvanes poliklinikidan da matares Zalian didxans,
sanam ar daiWires saswrafo manqana. mimiyvanes me-8 saavadmyofoSi,
sadac gamikeTes operacia.
13 martidan vmkurnalob ojaxSi (mwoliare mdgomareoba) vimy-
ofebi me-17 poliklinikis meTvalyureobis qveS. saavadmyofoSi mo-
makiTxes respublikis prokuraturidan. Caiwera axalgazrda biWma
yvelaferi, magarm saqmis Zieba ar grZeldeba.
T. d.
829
mitingis monawile
me T. o. davibade 1963 w. myavs deda, meuRle da 4 – mcirewlovani
Svili, vcxovrob q. bolnisSi. mTavrobis iaraRiT Camogdebis Semdeg
saWirod CavTvale simarTlisaTvis brZola damewyo, gansakuTrebiT
aqtiurad Cavebi 3-ianvridan, iqedan moyolebuli saTaveSi vudga-
var erovnul moZraobas, Semdeg vayalibebT moSimSileTa jgufebs,
vqmniT sagaficvo komitets, rogorc sazogadoebaSi ise studen-
tebSi, amis Semdeg xdeba xalxis masebis yoveldRiuri gamosvlebi,
magram teroristebma yvela Zala da Rone ixmares mebrZoli xalxis
nebis CasaxSobad. 17 ianvars, rodesac jer kidev komendatis saaTi
ar iyo dawyebuli, me vimyofebodi moSimSileebTan erTad, radgan
Tavs movaled vTvlidi yuradRebis centrSi myoloda yvela aqciis
monawileni da 10 sT. 10 wT. aklda, roca moxda aqciaze Tavdasxma.
aqciis monawileni daapatimres, maT Soris mec. patimrobaSi viyavi 30
dRe. mimiyvanes qalaqis sammarTveloSi, sadac mimdinareobs rogorc
cema ise wameba. iq patimrobaSi yofnis dros, CemTan modiodnen saz-
RvargareTis Jurnalistebi, iyvnen mosuli sienenis, bibisis, ingli-
sis me-4 arxi, germania, iaponiis korespodentebi da sxvebi. mas Sem-
deg movida saqarTvelos televizia maka razmaZis jgufiT. me Cemi
ucvleli pozicia gavacani. bolos CemTan imyofeboda safrangeTis
wiTeli jvris warmomadgenlebi. me vimyofebodi Zalian cud mdgo-
mareobaSi, radgan mtkioda guli da naRvlis buSti, didi mudaris
pirobebSi kanti–kuntad maZlevdnen gamayuCebel wamlebs. didi yvi-
rilis Semdeg momiyvanes eqimi da gamiwies samedicino daxmareba. ra
sakvirvelia iyo mcdeloba Cemi gadabirebisa. saSinlad mcemdnen
da mawamebdnen. erT dRes kameris kari iReba da meubnebian, gela
lanCava movida da Tu ginda Sexvdio, me ra Tqma unda davTanxmdi,
gamiyvanes da Sevedi lanCavasTan, visaubreT. oTxi saaTis saubris
Semdeg man miTxra Tu Tqven televiziiT ar gamoxvalT, Seni aqedan
wasvla ar iqnebao, mec myavs ufrosebio. mokled, momces oTxi saa-
Ti mofiqrebis dro. CemTan sakanSi imyofebodnen sxvebi da miTxres
gareT xar saWiro! mec davTanxmdi da gavedi eTerSi. roca televi-
ziidan movidnen saaTnaxevari mawvales, rom rogorme maT sasarge-
blod melaparaka. me vupasuxe Tu qarTvelebi veranair gzas ver xe-
daven mitingis garda, maSin jobia yvelam Tavisi saqme akeTos-meTqi,
amis Semdeg gamomiSves.
T. o.
830
2 Tebervali, rusTavi
daWrili oTar garsevaniZe, 46 wlis
2 Tebervals sadguris metrosTan SevikribeT kanonieri xeli-
suflebis mxardamWerni. mTeli moedani gadaWedili iyo. dilidanve
Caketes metros sadguri, magram xalxi mainc movida fexiT. gvqonda
sisxliani mTavrobisadmi moTxovnebi, rom gadamdgariyvnen.
wavediT msvlelobiT Tamaris quCiT. roca mivediT cirkTan
winidan gza gadagviRobes saxanZro manqaniT da avtomatianma niR-
bianma xalxma. jer wyali mogvasxes, Semdeg dagviSines tyviebi win-
idan da cirkis ferdobebidan. isrodnen pirdapir xalxSi – daiWra
uamravi adamiani, davinaxe daxocilebic. Semdeg kvlav SevikribeT
da wavediT d. aRmaSeneblis gamziriT, roca mivediT marjaniSvilis
moedanTan, dagviwyes srola saxlis saxuravebidan. Semdeg xalxi
mimoifanta ezoebSi, metroSi da maRaziebSi, xalxs misdevdnen
ezoebsa da metroSi, kinoTeatrebSic. me da Cemi megobari avekariT
kedels gastronomTan – vTxovdiT ar esrolaT. maT pirdapir am
Txovnis Semdeg gvesroles da Tan gvaginebdnen. me daviWeri xelSi
– davkarge goneba, ase movxvdi saavadmyofoSi. xeli dResac maqvs
dazianebuli.
o. g.
rusTavi
2 Tebervali
mitingi Cveulebisamebr daniSnuli iyo vagzlis moedanze,
metrosTan rogorc ki amovedi, win miliciis kordoni damxvda,
iqve saxanZro manqana idga wyliT. me jiqur gaveSure milicielebi-
saken da gamatareT-meTqi vuTxari. gza damiTmes, Cavedi kibeze,
moedanze gasvla mindoda, iqac milicia. xalxi gastronomis win
Segroviliyo. aqac jiqurad gaviare miliciis kordoni da xalxs
SevuerTdi. male bevri movgrovdiT, veRar veteodiT im adgil-
ze. milicias mosTxoves mitingis wamyvanebma gaexsnaT kordoni da
xalxi SeeSvaT. Cvenc wavediT maTken, maT gza dagviTmes da Sei-
Zleba iTqvas, ukomfliqtod aRmovCndiT moedanze. xalxi modi-
oda da modioda. transporti gaeCerebinaT, vagzlisken momavali
arcerTi avtobusi Tu troleibusi ar muSaobda. metroc Caketes.
xalxi fexiT modioda, ara marto Tbilisis sxvadasxva ubnebidan,
831
rusTavidanac. 150 000-meti viqnebodiT. demonstracia daiZra Tam-
aris xidisken. gzaSi xalxi gvierTdeboda. Tamaris xids miaxlove-
bul manifestacias sadguridan bolo ar uCanda. uceb SeaCeres da
wylis Wavli wamovida, xalxi ar gainZra, taSisa da „saqarTvelos“
ZaxiliT SevegebeT, amas tyviebis jeric mohyva. isev ar gavinZeriT.
uceb wamovida orive ferdobidan tyviebis wvima, gvegona harSi
isrodnen, magram viRacam iyvira kaci daWreso da xalxma daiwyo
mimarTulebis Secvla. xelSi ayvanili uZravi sxeuli davinaxe da
Tvalebi davxuWe, mgoni gardacvlili iyo. xids rom mivuaxlovdiT,
qvemoT saswrafo gamoCnda. xalxi daWrilebs miarbeninebda qvemoT,
rom manqanaSi CaesvaT. iq meti araferi daminaxavs. kinostudiasTan
isev SevikribeT, axla aRmaSenebliT gamwarebulebi cekas Senobi-
saken vapirebdiT gasvlas. marjaniSvilis moedanze viyaviT, rom
uceb ukan gamoiqca xalxi. atyda saSineli srola. Cven metroSi
SevvardiT. Cemi ramdenime megobari sadRac damekarga. Zebna davu-
wye, gareT gamovvardi da davinaxe rogor darboda javSantrans-
portiori moedanze da rogor cxrilavda iqaurobas. isev metroSi
Sevvardi da minis mtvrevis xma gavige, viRacam iyvira. axalgazr-
da biWs movkari Tvali biWebi mivardnen, daWrili iyo. meti veRar
gavCerdi, metroSi Cavedi da gavemarTe saxlisaken.
nana talaxaZe, Jurnalisti
1992 w. Tebervali q. Tbilisi
TviTmxilveli
me var erT-erTi mowme im mitingebis darbeva-daxvretisa, ro-
melic ganaxorciela xuntam. 1992 wlis ianvar-Tebervlis dReeb-
Si. SemTxveviT gavige, rom metro sadgur didubesTan 3 ianvars
12 saaTze daniSnuli iyo kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardamWerTa
mitingi, me daniSnul adgilze mivedi 11 sT-sa da 45 wT-ze, xalxi
ukve Sekrebili iyo, iqneboda aTasi kaci. situaciidan gamomdinare
Semeqmna STabeWdileba, rom momitingeni stiqiurad ikribebodnen,
ar Candnen moTaveni. moulodnelad SemaRlebul adgilas metros
miwisqveSa gamosasvlelis mxares gamoCnda qalbatoni. man mega-
fonis gareSe gaxsna mitingi, gaamxneva xalxi, acnoba putCistebis
mier alyaSi moqceuli prezidentis da iq myofTa mimarTva. si-
tyviT gamovida ramodenime oratori. yvelam gamosTqva saSiSroe-
832
ba, rom mosalodnelia mitingis darbeva SeiaraRebuli putCistTa
bandebis mier. momitingeebma erTmaneTs aRuTqves, ar daSlili-
yvnen. mitings xalxi TandaTan emateboda, miuxedavad Tovlisa da
sicivisa. iqneboda 5000 kaci. moulodnelad momitingeTa zurgis
mxridan daaxloebiT 100 metris dacilebiT gaCerda ori msubuqi
avtomanqana, erTi TeTri feris gaz-24 da meore rafi. orive manqa-
nidan gadmovidnen SavniRbiani samoqalaqo tansacmelSi Cacmuli
daaxloebiT 10-11 banditi da maSinve gaisma avtomatebis kakani.
momitingeebma daiwyo CoCqoli, Seiqmna dabneuloba. gaisma SeZax-
ielbi, rom arcerTi ar daZruliyo da SeenarCunebinaT simSvide.
moulodnelad yovelgvari mowodebis gareSe yvelam erTiani xmiT
SesZaxa: „Zirs xunta“, „banditebo“, „mkvlelebo“! pasuxad gaisma
avtomatebis jeri, tyviebi ukve xalxTan axlos cvioda, rac imis
mimaniSnebeli gaxda, rom isini ukve tyviebs xalxs uSendnen. davi-
naxe rogor daeca erTi axalgazrda ymawvili, vfiqrob igi mok-
les. uiaraRo xalxma dakarga yovelgvari SiSis grZnoba, momitin-
geebma SeZaxilebiT „mkvlelebo“, „banditebo“, zogma qvas daavlo
xeli, zogma rkinis naWers da dauwyo srola SavniRbianebs. ismoda
avtomatebis jeriT srola. mec mivyvebodi xalxs, davinaxe rogor
daiWra Suaxnis qali fexSi da waiqca, Cems gverdiT waiqca Suax-
nis mamakaci. iqve usulod davarda qalbatoni. cota mocilebiT
kidev axalgazrda, Suaxnis mamakaci, romelsac SublSi moxvda
tyvia. xalxi miiWra banditebis avtomanqanasTan. gaz-24-is mZRol-
ma moaswro manqanis amuSaveba da Tavisi SeiaraRebuli mkvlelebiT
miimala. gamZvinvarebulma momitingeebma darCenilebs dauSines
qvebi, manqanas Caumtvries SuSebi, banditebi gadmocvivdnen manqa-
nidan. isini kidev apirebdnen tyviis daSenas, magram xalxma ar mis-
ca saSualeba. ori ganaiaraRes, waarTves avtomati, mesame miimala,
danarCenebi gauCinardnen. ismoda dakavebulis mimarT SeZaxilebi
àr moklaT~, meoreni Caqolvas moiTxovdnen. gamoCnda javSniani
manqana sadac isxdnen SeiaraRebuli pirebi. isini acxadebdnen,
rom iyvnen miliciis sammarTvelodan, erTi banditi xalxma Caabara
miliciis sammarTvelos aRniSnul TanamSromlebs, meore ramoden-
ime kacma waiyvana metros Sesasvlelisaken. yovelive amas iRebda
foto-korespodentebi (rogorc Cveni, aseve ucxoelebi). momitin-
geni ar cxrebodnen, erTni ambobdnen gaegrZelebinaT msvleloba
wereTlis gamzirze da ecnobebinaT yvelasaTvis momxdari faq-
tis Sesaxeb. meoreni Tavs ikavebdnen da uazrod Tvlidnen msvle-
833
lobis dawyebas. bolos aRelvebul xalxSi gaimarjva mSvidobiani
msvlelobis gagrZelebis azrma. miuxedavad momxdari saSinelebi-
sa, demonstratTa ricxvma imata. msvleloba daiwyo wereTlis gam-
zirze. demonstrantebis win gaCerda Jigulis tipis avtomanqana.
iqidan gadmovida sami SavniRbiani banditi da xalxs avtomatis
jeri gauxsna. xalxi Senobebs da xeebs efareboda. tyviebi yurTan
axlos zuzunebda. CemTan Soriaxlos qalbatons nikapSi moxvda
tyvia da gauglija tuCi. am dros gamoCnda didi siswrafiT mo-
mavali javSniani manqana, romelSic isxdnen miliciis sammarTve-
los TanamSromlebi. javSniani manqana daejaxa banditebis Jiguls,
romelic mwyobridan gamoiyvana, SavniRbianebi miimalnen. momitin-
geni gamovidnen iqve korpusebis Sesasvlelebidan, ezoebidan da
myudro adgilebidan, sadac Tavs afarebdnen. axalgazrda qali
romelsac droSa eWira xelSi, gamovida prospeqtze da mouwoda
xalxs, rom daZruliyvnen vagzlis moednisaken da iq mSvidobianad
daSliliyvnen. yvela erTianad mogrovda gamziris Sua nawilSi da
ganagrZes mSvidobiani msvleloba. amas yvelafers video-kamerebiT
iRebda ori ucxoeli korespodenti. rogorc xalxisgan Sevityve
(me ver davinaxe) avtomatis tyviiT maT kamera dauzianes. ukve
bneldeboda, roca demonstrantebi metro wereTelTan movidnen.
metro wereTelsa da dinamo stadions Soris demonstrantebs isev
dauSines tyviebi. isroles cremlsadeni yumbarebi. medroSe qali
daWres. xalxs ar misces win svlis saSualeba. banditebi isrod-
nen saxlis saxuravebidan. xalxi patar-patara jgufebad iSlebo-
da, zogi metroSi Cadioda, zogi ezoebSi imaleboda... me wamovedi
sisxlSi amosvrili, damcirebuli, Seuracxyofili, moZmisagan ga-
nadgurebuli, Cems megobarTan erTad Semovedi saxlSi.
m. asaniSvili
834
saqarTvelos respublikis erovnul-demokratiuli
partiis Tavmjdomare gia Wanturias
Ria werili antiqristes mociqulebs: gia Wanturias, vano xux-

uneiSvils, irakli wereTels, irakli baTiaSvils. amdeni Savbneli
saqmeebi, rasac Tqven CadixarT, Tqven saqarTvelos gamyidvelebo,
eris moRalate, Tqven ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoeba, rom SeqmeniT,
rogor eficebodiT saqarTvelos, axla ras akeTebT, sjulis da
ficis gamtexno! rad gindodaT e. SevardnaZe rom CamoiyvaneT.
SevardnaZe ruseTidanac kargad gvanadgurebda. Zalian kargad
maxsovs quTaisSi Sekrebebs rom axdendiT da mitingebs rom at-
arebdiT, sul SevardnaZes da gorbaCovs lanZRavdiT, imperiis
jaSuSs da kremlis agents eZaxdiT, saqarTveloSi rac areuloba
xdeboda, magaT abralebdiT, 9 aprili magaTi mowyobili iyovo da
sxva mravali danaSauls. axla ra moxda ase jadosnurad, rogor
daumegobrdiT, vis udgexarT gverdSi: kacis mkvlelebs, avazakebs,
yaCaRebs, romlebic ZmaTa sisxls Rvrian. mjeroda Tqveni saqme
samarTliani iyo, magram pirdapir getyviT, romelsac Tqven miyve-
biT aris barabas gza, Ralatis gza, uRmerToebis gza. nuTu es iyo
Tqveni erovnuli moRvaweoba. Tqven acdiT gzas. Tqven xom merab
kostavas da zviad gamsaxurdias gverdSi yofnam gamogaCinaT. axla
ras akeTebT, rogor gadaudeqiT zviad gamsaxurdias.
zviad gamsaxurdias eZaxdiT sukis agents da diqtators, axla
naTlad dainaxa xalxma, rom namdvilad Tqven yofilxarT diqta-
tori da sukis agentebi.
me raRas merCodiT sulierad rom gamanadgureT, materialurad
rom damazaraleT, moxucebulobis asakSi simwriT Segrovili fuli
mqonda, TqvenTvis ar damiSurebia, mjeroda me amiT saqarTvelos
sakeTildReo saqmes vakeTebdi. Tqven ki Turme satanas emsax-
urebodiT, iaraRs yidulobdiT qarTvelTa sasikvdilod da eris
nebis Casawixlad. saqarTvelo gansacdelSia, ganukiTxavobaa, xalxi
Tavbeds iwyevlis, xalxi SimSilobs, uWirT. udanaSaulo xalxs
wyvitavT, sisxls RvriT. gia Wanturia, vano xuxuneiSvilo, irakli
wereTelo, irakli baTiaSvilo. ar SegrCebaT amdeni sisxlis Rvra,
gons modiT, dayareT iaraRi, SewyviteT kacis kvla da ganSordiT
SevardnaZes, rom mas moqmedebis Zala ar eqnes.
irina sariSvilo, gaixsene Seni warsuli, Sen usircxvilo deda-
kaco. qarTveli eri Seni samasxarao ar aris! quTaisSi 1989 w. me-
835
morialTan grandiozuli mitingi rom CavatareT, Semdeg sufraze
migipatiJeT. im sufraze ormoci suli adamiani ijda. iq rac xarji
iyo sufraze naxevari Cemi fuli iyo, guram buaZem icoda saxlSi
kargi Rvino mqonda da sanam ar momatania 50-aTi litra, manam gi-
JiviT atrialebda Tvalebs, im sufraze iyo gia Wanturia, rom 1000
maneTi mogeci ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis dasaxmareblad, Sen ki
borotad gamoiyene. Tqven Turme iaraRis SesaZenaT gdomiaT aseTi
Sewiruli fulebi, rom mere zviad gamsaxurdias SebrZolebodiT.
es fuli eris kvlisaTvis da sisxlis RvrisaTvis ar momicia.
vano xuxuneiSvilo, Sen gulSi Savbneli zraxvebi Tu gqonda Ce-
mTan ra gindodaT, me ras marbevdiT. ras manadgurebdiT. ramdeni
Tanxa dagaxmare Sen Savbnelo, quTaisSi, rom CamoxvediT me Tqven ar
gicnobdiT, Cemma nacnobma pirovnebam mogiyvanaT CemTan da miTx-
ra wm. ilias sazogadoeba gvinda CamovayaliboTo. im wuTas vkiTxe
vin xelmZRvanelobs–meTqi. zviad gamsaxurdiao. me ase vuTxari,
me sxvagan binas ver viSovi da radgan zviad gamsaxurdia xelmZR-
vanelobs Cems binaSi movawyoT–meTqi. ra Tqma unda mec davudeqi
gverdiT, ise rogorc saWiro iyo gexmarebodi ekonomiuradac. Sen
quTaisSi Camosvla, rom ar Segewyvita, me gexmarebodi Sen gadag-
varebulo pirovneba. asi maneTi erTi mogeci, Semdeg rom Camodi
orasi maneTi mogeci, Semdeg daigviane Camosvla da Tqvi samgzavro
fuli ar mqondao – 400 maneTi mogeci. Semdeg rom Camoxvedi erT
dRes ase miTxari: me da goCa abulaZe aWaraSi viyaviT iq qristiano-
baze viqadageTo, Zalian bevri fuli dagvexarjao da sul ar maqvs
saSualebao da maSin 300 maneTi mogeci. Semdeg iyavi Camosuli da
z. gamsaxuriasTan werili gagatane Tan 1000 maneTi mogeci.
Semdeg rom Camovida vusayvedure ratom raime saxelmZR-
vaneloebi ar Camoitane, xalxs wavakiTxavdi-meTqi, amiT xalxs
movizidav-Tqo. man miTxra fuli ar mqonda, rom SemeZina, amisT-
vis 1000 maneTi sesxaT miveci, rom saxelmZRvaneloebs Camoitanda,
im wignebs gavyiddi xalxSi, me Cems fuls avinazRaurebdi, magram
yvelaferma amaod Caiara. Tqven saqarTvelos Tavisuflebaze ki
ar fiqrobdiT, Turme Tavis Tavis gamdidrebaze da Tanamdebobeb-
ze; saqarTvelo ki uares dReSi CaayeneT, vidre iyo. gana amisTvis
gavwie Tanadgoma, rogorc materialurad, aseve fizikurad... gana
sananeblad unda damrCenoda sakuTari Tanxis gaReba TqvenTvis?
Sen irakli wereTelo, dagaviwyda quTaisSi rom Camodiodi, Cems
836
binaSi krebebs iwvevdiT da Semdeg midiodiT da mamuka qajaias bi-
naSi TaTbirobdiT Tu rogor gagewiaT winaaRmdegoba zviad gamsax-
udiasTvis. Cems binaSi ver bedavdiT zviadize winaaRmdegobas, me
aRgidgebodiT win da gareT gamogyridiT, magram mainc gamogyareT
gareT da Semdeg quCaSi atarebdiT Sekrebebs. Sen irakli wereTe-
lo, rogor gadaudeqi zviads, Sen namdvilo farisevelo, mironis
gamyidvelo: „naTlimama nu mRalatob, nu Camagdeb mtrisa xelsa,
aTas Tumans aq gaCuqeb oras Tumans gomareTsa“.
Sen ki irakli baTiaSvilo, gilocav mag Savbnel Tanamdebobas,
sukis agentobas, TiTqos Tqven devniT sukis agentebs da Sen ro-
gor gaxdi sukis agenti, sakvirvelia.
ratom arbevT momitingeebs, Tqven rom garbevdnen sukis agen-
tebi, maSin xom cudi iyo. axla ratom ar aZlevT nebas xalxs, rom
Caataros mitingi, Tu demokratia aris maSin ratom klavT xalxs,
mieciT xalxs mitingis Catarebis ufleba, dayareT iaraRi da
SewyviteT kacis kvla.
ra gindaT zviad gamsaxurdiasTan, ratom devniT, ratom ew-
inaaRmdegebiT, yvela xom prezidenti ar iqneboda, prezidentis
adgili erTi iyo da Sexvda Rirseuls, vinc erisTvis Tavdadebu-
li da moRvawe iyo. zviadis naamagari naTesi mindor–velSia, dro
mova, aRmocendeba, ar daiwveba cecxlSia. zviads RmerTma didi
dRe misces da misive sicocxleSi Sevida brwyinvaled istoriaSi,
mowameobis gvirgvini Tqvengan miiRo da oqros asoebiTac aRiwera
istoriaSi. zviad gamsaxurdia xalxs Zalian uyvars, mas preziden-
tobis arCevnebSi 87 procentma misca xma, axla ki 95 procenti
mxars uWers. Tqven ki xalxs Zalian ZulxarT, Tqveni xsenebac ar
undaT da icodeT, rom Tqven mwared da Savbnelad gangikiTxavT
istoria da RmerTi jojoxeTs ar agacilebT.
deda margalita TvalaZe
quTaisi, goris q. 32
sakrebulos warmomadgeneli
837
dazaralebuli
arasdros mifiqria, Cems ganvlil cxovrebaze damewera rame,

magram arsebulma politikurma situaciam iZulebuli gamxada xma
amomeRo:
Cemi meuRle gaxlavT filologiis mecnierebaTa kandidati, 12
samecniero Sromis avtori, Tbilisis iv. javaxiSvilis sax. uni-
versitetis Zveli qarTuli enis kaTedris ufrosi mecnier muSa-
ki, „wminda ilia marTlis“ sazogadoebis gamgeobis wevri, uzenaesi
sabWos deputati, axmetis raionis prefeqti – ivane turaSvili.
Cveni ojaxi erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobaSi aqtiurad
Caeba 1987 wlidan.
1989 w. TbilisSi dawyebul wvevamdelTa sabWoTa imperiis jar-
ebSi aqciebs, romelic Cemi meuRlis inciativiT imarTeboda ax-
metaSi, axmetis raionis axalgazrdebic SeuerTdnen.
aseve aqtiuri monawile iyo Cemi meuRle 1989 w. 4-9 aprilis
aqciebisa, sadac gaziT moiwamla.
misi TaosnobiT moewyo iltos wyalsacavis mSeneblobis SeCereba.
Cemi meuRle didi qarTveli
erovnuli gmiris qaquca ColoyaS-
vilis Tanasoflelia. karis ekle-
sia wlebis ganmavlobaSi umoqme-
do da dangrevis piras misuli,
misi uSualo inciativiT SekeTda
da amoqmeda. dawesda tradiciuli
dResaswauli „qaqucoba“, romel-
ic gasul wels mesamed aRiniSna.
1992 w. ianvris dasawyisSi merab kostavas sazogadoebis axmetis
filialis wevrebi awyobdnen piketebs, kravdnen gzebs Cemi meuRl-
is dasaWerad da sikvdiliT dasasjelad, mizezi mxolod erTi iyo
– kanonieri xelisuflebis da kanonieri prezidentis mxardaWera.
ivane turaSvili aprilamde imyofeboda samegreloSi, sadac
monawileobda prezidentis mxardamWer mSvidobian mitingebze.
wasuli iyo martSi groznoSi Catarebuli uzenaesi sabWos sesiaze.
aprilSi dabrunda TbilisSi da saxelmwifo universitetis Zveli
qarTuli enis kaTedraze saStato erTeulis gasamTeleblad daw-
era gancxadeba. dRemde ar dakmayofilebula misi Txovna. faqti-
838
urad, ianvridan Cveni ojaxi ulukmapurodaa darCenili da axal-
gazrdebis xelSewyobiT varsebobT.
20 maiss vano Cavida Cemi mSoblebis ojaxSi xuTi Tvis unaxav
SvilebTan. 21 maiss saRamos siRnaRis miliciis warmomadgenlebi
kaxeTis rwmuneblis gela goderZiSvilis brZanebiT SeiWrnen bina-
Si da sanqciis gareSe daapatimres bavSvebis Tvalwin, meore dRes
gadaiyvanes gurjaanis miliciis izolatorSi, sadac cameti dRe
amyofes, izolatorSi moxvedrisTanave iTxova prokurori, dakave-
bis mizezis gasarkvevad. prokurorma ki, nacvlad Tavisi pirdapiri
movaleobis Sesrulebisa, cema dauwyo – Se, „zviadisto“ ZaxiliT,
cemisas, vanos tanze Semoaxia Sarvali da perangi.
mas scemdnen jgufurad, ganuwyvetliv (cemaSi monawileobda
axmetis miliciis ufrosi d. injia da raionis gamgeobis Tavj-
domare z. qinqlaZe), asmeninebdnen Canawerebs, emuqrebodnen meuR-
lis gaupatiurebiTa da Svilebis daxocviT, asmeninebdnen avto-
matebis jers, mere TiTqos dakrZalvis ceremonials da kubos
Tavze lursmnebis daWedebis xmas. Semdeg ki xma gadascemda, rom
sikvdils gadaurCa patara Svili, romelic ar gaimeorebs mamis
Secdomebs da asaxelebs Tavis samSoblos. es yvelaferi ufro
efeqturi rom yofiliyo, moasmenines baton zviad gamsaxurdias
samZimris depeSa misi ojaxis tragikulad daRupvis gamo.
erTi sityviT, samarTldamcavi organos muSakebi yvelafers
akeTebdnen vanos fizikurad da fsiqikurad mosaspobad. pirdebod-
nen, rom pirdapir sagiJeTSi gagzavnidnen.
cemis dros Cems meuRles daukargavs goneba, gonsmosuli ki
grZnobda, rogor mosdioda cxviridan da piridan sisxli. masTan
myofi patimrebis informaciiT, grZnobadakarguls gaukeTes nemse-
bi, cemis dros Seecadnen waerTmiaT qorwinebis beWedi im motiviT,
rom mas is ukve aRar dasWirdeboda, radgan sapatimrodan cocxali
ver gamovidoda. mTeli dRe gaatara skamebze, sakanSi mis yovel
moZraobas uTvalTvalebdnen.
cemis da zemoqmedebiT daawerines Cveneba, romelsac TviTon
karnaxobdnen da xeli moawerines, rom kaxeTSi aris teroristu-
li jgufebi da maT xelmZRvanelobs Tbilisis sax. universitetis
profesori T. kikaCeiSvili. vano SimSilobda da saknis kedlebze
gamokruli hqonda gancxadebebi: 1. var politpatimari; 2. moviT-
xov televizias; 3. mawameben fizikurad da fsiqikurad, zemoqmede-
839
ben aTasgvari saSualebebiT da wamebis qveS momawerines xeli yalb
Cvenebaze, romelsac TviTon mkarnaxobdnen; 5.ar aCveneben meuRles
da Svilebs, ar moaqvT presa, saweri qaRaldi.
Cvenebis daweris meore dRes misula saq. resp. prokuraturis
TanamSromeli vinme maisuraZe. mas vanom aCvena sisxliani, daxeu-
li tansacmeli da mouyva, rogor awamebdnen, Tumca yovelive amas
araviTari reagireba ar mohyolia.
Cems meuRles sastikad scemes imis gamo, rom ganacxada, kaxeTis
mosaxleobis 93% kanonier mTavrobas uWers mxarso. cemis dros
„urCevdnen“ xeli aeRo yovelgvar politikur moRvaweobaze, wi-
naaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi moklavdnen mas da amouwyvetdnen col–Svils.
gaTavisuflebis wina dRes masTan misula axalgazrda da uTq-
vams, Tu gaamxelda Tavs aq gadaxdenils, kvlav daiWerdnen, gaaupa-
tiurebdnen da col-Svils dauxocavdnen.
patimrobidan misi gaTavisuflebis ramodenime xnis Semdeg iZu-
lebuli gavxdiT Cveni ojaxis wevrebi, sicocxlis SenarCunebis
mizniT, gadavxvewiliyaviT da gavxiznuliyaviT samSoblodan.
efemia mWedliSvili-turaSvilisa
6.08.92 w.
turaSvilebis ojaxi, Soreul emigraciaSi – dRemde germaniaSi
cxovrobs politemigrantebis statusiT – l. c.
vaxtang goqsaZis mkvleloba
vaxtang goqsaZe profesiiT maTematikosi

iyo. muSaobda: samecniero-kvleviT in-
stitutSi, maswavlebelTa daxelovnebis
respublikur institutSi, 60-e saSualo
skolis direqtorad, 22-e rusul-qar-
Tul skolaSi. iyo mamulis usazRvro
moyvaruli, kanonieri mTavrobis aR-
dgenisaTvis daucxromeli mebrZoli.
yvarlis mTebSi TavSefarebuli saaqarT-
velos prezidentis momxreTa 14-kaciani
jgufi, 1992 wlis agvistoSi Seipyres
xuntis jarebma. umowyalo cemisa da
840
araadamianuri wamebis miuxedavad, vaxtangs mrwamsisaTvis ar uRa-
latnia. telediqtorTa gancxadebiT, TiTqos `gulmowyale~ xuntam
Seundo maT danaSauli da gaaTavisufla. sinamdvileSi nawamebi vax-
tang goqsaZis cxedari ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi ar gadasces
axloblebs, xolo dakrZalvisaTvis aucilebeli samedicino cnoba
dasaflavebamde ori saaTiT adre misces...
mogvianebiT, saqarTvelos respublikis prokuraturis mier
gamogzavnil SetyobinebaSi, saqarTvelos respublikis prokura-
turis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovan saqmeTa maSindeli ufrosi ga-
momZiebeli, iusticiis ufrosi mrCeveli d. jinjolava gardacvli-
lis ojaxs swerda: `leila giorgis asul TaqTaqiSvil-goqsaZes,
gacnobebT, rom sisxlis samarTlis saqme vaxtang isakis Ze goqsaZis
mimarT, romelSic igi imxileboda samSoblos RalatSi, diversiebi-
sa da teroristuli aqtebis momzadebaSi, banditizmSi da cecxl-
sasroli iaraRis ukanono Senaxva-tarebaSi, a.w. (1993 wlis) 9 de-
kembers Sewyvetili iqna misi gardacvalebis motiviT, saqarTvelos
respublikis sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis me-5 muxlis
me-9 punqtis safuZvelze~.
`yvarlis saqme~-Si devs eqimis mier xelmowerili samedicino
daskvna, rom vaxtang goqsaZe dilis 7 saaTzea (!!!) gardacvlili ...
imave saqmeSi aris vaxtang goqsaZis dakiTxvis oqmi. imave dRis 12
saaTi (!!!) aweria. gamodis, rom 5 saaTis win gardacvlili adamiani
daukiTxavT ... da kidev sasamarTlo procesze cocxlad gadarCe-
nilebi yvebodnen: yvarlis `kapezes~ im sakanSi SevyavdiT sadac
batoni vaxtangi cema-wamebaSi mokles, misi sisxliT dasvril ke-
dlebs da iataks gvaCvenebdnen da igives gvpirdebodneno yvarlis
mxedrionis yoCaRi biWebi ...
gamoiZia vinmem es saqme? ...
samedicino daskvnaSi `ki Caweres, gulis ukmarisobiT~ garda-
icvalao ...
rusudan kikaleiSvili
(uzenaesi sabWos deputatisa da politpatimris viqtor
domuxovskis meuRle)
841
TviTmxilveli
1992 w. 3 ianvars me da Cemi megobrebi vaprotestebdiT krimi-
naluri inteligenciis da gare Zalebis SeTqmulebas saqarTvelos
da qarTveli eris winaaRmdeg.
didubis metrosTan unda SevkrebiliyaviT da mitingi unda
Cagvetarebina. dagvecva Cveni xmebi da Cveni arCeuli prezidenti.
metrosadgur didubeSi CamovediT Tu ara ukve qveda mxridan is-
rodnen. xalxi panikaSi iyo. adamianebis damSvideba daviwye, magram
tyvia–tyviaze modioda. muxlmodrekili Sevavedre RvTismSobels
Cemi samSoblo da iq myofi adamianebi. avtomatebis kakani ar wydebo-
da. am dros rkinigzis liandagze gamoCnda matarebeli, romelSic
lurj tansacmelSi Cacmuli adamianebi isxdnen. dResac ar vici vin
iyvnen, magram Cemi varaudiT im vagonebma bevri adamiani gadaarCina
sikdvils. srola ukve intensiurad daiwyo. Cems win bavSvi tiroda,
daaxloebiT 3 w. iqneboda, ded-mama axalgazrdebi da dabneulebi
rom davinaxe, samives xeli movxvie da boZs movafare. am dros momx-
vda tyvia. „daWres, daWreso!“ isev im bavSvis dedis kivilze azri
movikrife. me iqeT vamSvidebdi araferi miWirs–Tqo. magram sisx-
li Tbilad iRvreboda, albaT feric aRar medo, suli mimdioda
tkivilze, ufro iq nanaxiT, codvis kalo trialebda – sisxlis gu-
beebi idga. sajiSe biWebi tyviiT mocelilebi dabla ecemodnen. me
fexze mainc videqi! iq erTma axalgazrdam xeli SemaSvela da lian-
dagze CavxtiT, mere didubis zeda mxares wavediT. xalxma xelidan
xelSi (da is biWic ar momSorebia gverdidan) mimiyvana da wiTel
Jigulis markis manqanaSi Camsves da me–8 saavadmyofoSi wamiyvana
mZRolma. manqanaSi 2 bavSvi ijda wina savarZelze. gagonili mqon-
da, rom arsebobda tyviebi, romelic organizmSi feTqdeboda. amis
gafiqrebam ufro amaforiaqa. manqana gavaCerebine da gadmovedi.
daWrili xar Svilo da sisxlisgan daiclebio.
me-8 saavadmyofoSi misulebs iq dagvxvda panika, daWrili da
gardacvlili adamianebi. amas daemata iaraRianebis movardna. dRe-
sac ar vici vin iyvnen. erTi mekiTxeba romeli partiis kuTvnileba
viyavi. Cemi pasuxi iyo Cemi partia Cemi saqarTveloaTqo. damaneba
Tavi. es dRe CemTvis iyo saSineli, dauviwyari tkivilebis, romel-
ic bolomde gamyveba. aris siamayis dRec, samSoblos siyvarulisT-
vis, TavisuflebisTvis sicocxlis zvarakad Sewirvisa, romelic
adamianebma gaiRes. dideba, ardaviwyeba da naTeli maT sulebs.
842
es aris tyvia, romliTac daWrili viyavi da romelic eqimebma
sxeulidan amomiRes.
qeTevan lazuaSvili
1993 w. 12 ivlisi
Cemi meuRle Teimuraz baSaleiSvili petre–pavloba dRes gavida
saxlidan da aRar dabrunebula. im saRamos gangaSi aRar amitexia,
Tumca Zalian gamikvirda, rom arsaidan ar Semexmiana. meore dRes da-
viwye Zebna, miliciaSi, saavadmyofoSi, morgSi, magram arsaidan xma...
gamovacxadeT televiziiT. 19 ivliss ki Cemi fexiT wavedi qalaqis
morgSi da iq aRmiweres ucnobi gvamis Sesaxeb, romelic emTxveoda
Cemi meuRlis monacemebs. Sevagzavne axloblebi, romlebmac dami-
dastures misi identuroba. meore dRisTvis daniSnes eqspertiza
da moiTxoves TuTiis saWurWlis mitana. gviTxres rom uCvenod ar
Caatarebdnen eqspertizas, magram sanam me SekveTa miveci WurWlis
da mivitane ukve CaetarebinaT uCvenod, yvelaferi rom waeSalaT im
mizniT, Tvalebic ki amouCiCqnes Turme. daskvnaSi dagviweres wyalSi
asfiqsia, rac gamoricxulia, vinaidan Zalian kargi mocurave iyo. im
dros gamefebuli anarqiisa da ganukiTxaobis gamo Cemi versia aseTia:
12 ivliss, dRis or saaTze kinostudiidan wamosula bavSvis
sasaflaoze (9 aprils daCexili 16 wlis naTia baSaleiSvilis –
l.c.) asasvlelad. iqamde mivida Tu ara, ucnobia CvenTvis, albaT
gzaSi Seeswro raRac usamarTlobas, amas ki is ar moiTmenda da
SeekamaTeboda „Cvens raindebs“. isini aba ras apatiebdnen, mokles
da gadaagdes mtkvarSi, darwmunebuli imaSi, rom SerCebodaT yve-
laferi, rogorc babuis wili...
mxolod uflis imedi maqvs rom im sofelSi miezRvebaT samagi-
ero. ambobs kidec ufali – „SurisZieba Cemi ariso“.
am soflad ki es boroti xalxi Zalian kargad arian da icinian
Cems gulubryvilobaze...
maka lataria – baSaleiSvili
843
amiran kalaZe
amiran kalaZe – uzenaesi sabWos wevri. mwer-
ali, poeti, dramaturgi, publicisti, Teatrm-
codne, qarTveli mamuliSvili da saqarTvelos
TavisuflebisTvis Sewiruli pirovneba. ai, is
arasruli titulebi, romelic mas gaaCnda.
samxedro xuntam naadrevad mouswrafa si-
cocxle mas.
amiran kalaZe daibada 1945 wlis 3 maiss samtre-
diis raionSi – sofel ewerSi. Teatraluri institutis damTavrebis
Semdeg estoneTSi cxovrobda. iqaur enas daeufla. Targmnida es-
tonuridan qarTulad da piriqiT. 1979 wels man wignad gamosca mis
mier Targmnili „estonuri moTxrobebis“ krebuli. qarTuli liter-
aturuli Jurnal–gazeTebis furclebze igi, agreTve sistematurad
aqveynebs estonuri poeziis saukeTeso nimuSebs. am TargmanisaTvis
amiran kalaZes 1979 wels mieniWa estoneli klasikosi mwerlis iohan
smeuulis saxelobis premia. garda amisa, man moaswro 10–ze meti wignis
gamocema.
amiran kalaZe 70–ian wlebSi Caeba erovnul ganmaTavisufleb-
el moZraobaSi, eweoda disidentur moRvaweobas, iyo saqarTvelos
pirveli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias TanamebroZli. 1990 wlis
28 oqtombris mravalpartiuli arCevnebiT „mrgvali magida – Tavi-
sufali saqarTvelos“ blokidan gaxda uzenaesi sabWos wevri.
1993 wlis 8 oqtombers Tavis sofelSi – ewerSi, Ramis 9 saa-
Tze, mis ojaxs Tavs daesxnen samxedro sabWos mier gagzavnili Sei-
araRebuli banditebi, romlebic Segulianebulni iyvnen zogierTi
vai mwerlebis mier. gaZarcves, scemes, gaiyvanes mdinare rionis pi-
ras da awames. Semdeg Caiyvanes sardafSi, kvlav scemes, dauzianes
Tavis qala, ramac Tavisi saSineli Sedegi gamoiRo da 1995 wlis 27
maiss 50 wlis asakSi gardaicvala.
mas ar apaties samSoblos siyvaruli.
gela nikuraZe
teqnikis mecnierebaTa kandidati
2001 wlis 14 noemberi
844
TviTmxilvelis Canaweri
me da Cemi ojaxis TviToeul wevrs yoveldRiur aucileblobad
gveqca saqarTvelos damoukideblobisaTvis erovnul moZraobaSi
monawileobis miReba. rwmena imisa, rom Cveni qveyana damoukidebe-
li gaxdeboda da am qveyanaSi Cven unda gvecxovra Cveni sayvare-
li prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias gverdiT. es Zalas gvaZlevda,
xalisiTa da imedebiT savse vuerTdebodiT erovnul moZraobas.
Semovlili gvqonda Cven liderebTan erTad Tbilisis yvela cen-
traluri quCebi. komunistebis gadmonaSTebi ki Tavdasxmebs gvi-
wyobdnen da avtomatebiT gviswordebodnen uiaraRo xalxs.
saSineli Tavdasxma mogviwyves cirkTan, sadac msxverpli iyo.
ise gagviswordnen, TiTqos Sah–abazi Semosuliyos saqarTvelos
asaoxreblad.
yvelaze ufro metad is iyo saocari, rodesac aeroportisaken
gvqonda gezi aRebuli. zRva xalxiT iyo mTeli gza gadaWedili,
romlis Tavi da bolo ar Canda da kidev da kidev gzadagza xalxi
gvierTdeboda. am dros Cven aeroportamde misvla ver gavbedeT,
vinaidan iq Tavdasxma iyo dagegmili. es erTsulovaneba sicocxlis
xaliss gvmatebda da mitingi samgoris metrosTan Catarda.
avlabris metrosTan iyo daniSnuli mitingi, Wori dayares pro-
vokatorebma, TiTqos zviads somxebis gasaxleba undoda saqarT-
velodan. Cven protesti gamovTqviT amis gamo.
es dRe CemTvis dauviwyaria. vagzlis moedanze unda Catarebu-
liyo mitingi, rodesac metroSi vagonidan gadmovedi mevludTan
da meuRlesTan erTad. iq imdeni xalxi idga, rom fexis dasadgmeli
adgili Zlivs movnaxe. vikiTxe ra xdeba-meTqi da gavige Turme ze-
moT vinc avida, manqanebSi Catenes da gaurkveveli mimarTulebiT
sadRac gauqanebiaT. mec SevCerdi cota xans, Semdeg xalxs vuTxari
aq dgomiT ras gavakeTebT, avideT maRla yvelas xom ver wagviy-
vanen-meTqi. da, rodesac eqskalatorisaken gaveSure mTeli xalxi
wamomyva. maRla roca avediT, iq aRarc manqanebi idgnen da arc
xalxi. moedanze sadac mitingi unda Catarebuliyo, TxuTmetamde
avtomatebiT SeiaraRebulebi idgnen. xalxi moedanze asvlas ver
bedavda. am dros rogor ra moxda CemSi ar vici, gulma baga-bu-
gi damiwyo, avdivar moedanze am ZaxiliT: teroristebo, bandite-
bo, mesroleT raRas ucdiT, dagvxoceT barem-Tqo. am dros Cemma
meuRlem xeli wamavlo, sad midixar gesvriano. tyvias marTlac
velodebodi, Tvalebze bindi mqonda gadakruli sikvdilis molo-
dinSi, albaT nervebma amitana da mainc viwev win, roca Tvaleb-
845
Si sinaTle damibrunda, vxedav moedani xalxiT ivseba, is avtoma-
tianebi ki ar vici, romeli mimarTulebiT wavidnen. ase Catarda
es mitingi.
saSineli dRe gamoviareT delisis metrosTan, msvleloba gvqon-
da, saxuravebidan gvesrodnen ise, rom Zlivs SevaswariT erT-erT
sadarbazoSi. TxuTmeti qali mexuTe sarTulze erTma keTilma qa-
lma Segvifara da kari magrad Caraza da xma-gakmendilebi visxediT
iq, vinaidan sadarbazoSidac ki Semovarda erTi avtomatiani, rode-
sac srolis xma miwynarda, TiTo-TiTo gamovdiodiT saxlidan.
bevri aseTi dReebi gamoviareT, magram yvelaze saSineli CemT-
vis 1994 weli gamodga. jer meuRle gardamecvala, aTi Tvis Sem-
deg ki Svili momikla viRacis uwmindurma xelma. me suliT xor-
camde ganadgurebuls am usamarTlo qveyanaSi vin mapovniebda
mis mkvlels, dedis erTi vaJi sicocxles gamomisalmes. mevludi
iyo saxalxo moZraobis erT-erTi aqtiuri wevri, Sromis moyvare,
col–Svilisa da ojaxis uzomoT moyvaruli adamiani. darCa ori
wlis patara xatia, romelmac mamis saxe mxolod suraTebidan icis.
evgenia ZinZibaZe
xma „bunkeridan“
mTavrobis saxlSi Sesvlis dros, Cems ukan momaval 50 wlis kacs
moxvda Wurvis namsxvrevi da iqve gardaicvala. me SenobaSi Sevas-
wari. 1991 wlis 22 dekembridan 1992 wlis 4 ianvramde iq viyaviT da
var simarTlis TviTmxilveli prezidentis momxre xalxis mxridan,
xolo opoziciis mxridan daundoblobisa da borotebis mnaxveli
da msmeneli. samiaTasamde iq myof xalxidan umravlesoba iyo ui-
araRo. opozicia anu SeiaraRebuli banda gvemuqreboda zevidan
dabombviT, romelic moaxdines kidec. prezidentis mxares daingra
meore sarTulamde. Semoparulma opozicionerebma mofantes minis
kafsulebi, momwamvleli nivTiereba. bevri axalgazrda kvdeboda
da iWreboda qaSueTis eklesiidan wamosuli tyviiT. pirveli sa-
Sualo skolidan anadgurebdnen mTavrobis saxls. filolog ko-
tetiSvilis saxli gadaqceuli iyo iaraRis sawyobad. misi saxlis
kuTxidan iparebodnen SeiaraRebuli bandebi da esrodnen mTavro-
bis sasaxlis ezoSi sabrZolo teqnikis SemkeTebel uiaraRo xalxs.
Cven uiaraRo xalxi vexmarebodiT daWrilebs Semoyvana–moTavse-
baSi. SemohyavdaT, rogorc prezidentis momxre daWrilebi, aseve
846
opoziciis mxridan. mkurnaloba erTnairi iyo. opoziciis mxridan
daWrilebi morfiT gabruebuli iyvnen da jibeSi hqondaT fulebi,
daWrilebi sxvadasxva naciis mebrZolebi iyvnen: qarTveli, rusi,
osi, somexi, qurTi, berZenic, agreTve 12-14 wlis bavSvebi, rom-
lebic daqiravebuli iyvnen da maRaziebs Zarcvavdnen da Semdeg
wvavdnen. „bunkerSi“ iyvnen Semoparuli mosyiduli prezidentis
mkvlelebi, rusis oficeri da sxva. bunkerSi wamebas adgili ar
hqonia.
1991 w. dekembris bolo ricxvidan mdgomareoba daiZaba. didZa-
li xalxi iaraRiT moadga mTavrobis saxls, SeiaraRebuli bandebi
did tvirTian manqanebiT gzas anTavisuflebdnen, rom beteerebi
SemoeyvanaT. manqanebs amtvrevdnen. xalxma mouwoda prezidents,
rom saxanZro manqanidan wyali miesxa Tavdamsxmelebis dasaSlelad.
man upasuxa: isini iseve Cveni Svilebia, zamTarSi wyali rom mivasx-
aT, gacivdebiano. TiTqmis mTeli milicia iq iyo, magram umoqme-
dod. prezidentis momxreebi brZolis dawyebidan ramodenime dRiT
adre dRedaRame vicavdiT mTavrobis saxls. mdgomareoba daiZaba.
opozicionerebi sastiki winaaRmdegni iyvnen molaparakebisa. dep-
utati rcxilaZe mZevlad aiyvanes 1991 wlis 22 dekembris dilas.
1991 wlis 22 dekembers dilis 8 saaTze omi daiwyo. pirveli
Wurvi esroles prezidentis kabinets. mTavrobis saxlSi isrod-
nen pirveli saSualo skolidan, qaSueTis eklesiidan, sastumro
„Tbilisis“ saxuravidan. bevri gamvleli daiWra da daiRupa. es-
rodnen karvebs. ori mokles Sig. 9 – aprilis memorialze amo-
farebuli axalgazrdebi daWres, mec mesroles karvis win, magram
gadavrCi.
r. b. TadumaZe
q. rusTavi
„bunkerSi“ gatarebuli usaSinlesi 15 dRe
1991 wlis 22 dekembridan 1992 wlis 5–ianvramde viyavi bunker-

Si. iq Semosuli iyo moRalateTa jgufi. maT sakmarisad hqondaT
iaraRi Cagdebuli xelSi. mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi opozicias did
daxmarebas uwevda „esng“ jaris sardloba, Tu rigiTi jariskaci.
Cemi TvaliT vnaxe rogor moaTrevdnen samxedroebi tyvia–wamals
847
kolmeurneobis moednidan qaSueTis eklesiisaken. Zlieri alya
iyo, iyo agreTve sahaero dabombva. xalxi bunkerSi Caiyvanes, ga-
reT xalxi ixoceboda. prezidenti bunkerSi trialebda Tavisi
dacviT. modiodnen, agreTve Jurnalistebi sazRvargareTidan.
isini gaognebulebi iyvnen. erT-erTma ucxoelma Jurnalistma isic
ki Tqva (saxeli da gvari ar vici) Tqven saerTod gansxvavebuli
prezidenti gyavTo da marTlac Rirs misi dacvao.
batoni zviadi TvaliT xedavda, Tu rogor angrevdnen jalaTe-
bi mTavrobis saxls. uSendnen prezidentis samuSao oTaxs. CemTvis
prezidenti iyo da aris imedi saqarTvelos xvalindeli dRisa. am
rwmeniT videqiT SiSveli xelebiT prezidentis da parlamentis da-
sacavad. Cven, sami gogo uzenaesis sasadiloSi viyaviT. vakeTebdiT
risi gakeTebac SegveZlo. valagebdiT, daxmarebas vuwevdiT daW-
rilebs. sikvdils gadarCenilebs gareT saSineli Wori dagvxvda,
TiTqos bunkerSi vinmes awamebdnen, aupatiurebdnen. me magaT ma-
givrad mzaravs da ai am wuTas mezizRebian isini, vinc aseT sisaZa-
gles avrceleben. gana ar SeeZlo mTavrobas jalaTebi moesrisa?
SeeZlo, magram Cveni prezidenti qristiania. is mwared ganicdida
TiToeuli adamianis sikvdils, misi saxe saSinlad iyo ganadgure-
buli. 1992 w. 1 ianvars batoni zviadi zemoT iyo amosuli. Cven
gogonebi nangrevebSi videqiT. rogorc ki davinaxe batoni zviadi,
maSinve mivedi, ver movaxerxe axali wlis milocva, Sevxede Tvaleb-
Si, isic saSinlad iyo gadaRlili, magram mainc imxnevebda Tavs. me
vTxove: batono zviad, dRes 13 saaTze sadguris moedanze mitingia
da Cven gvinda wasvla-Tqo. ra Tqma unda, man uari ar gviTxra, ki
batonoo, magram vinmem ar gicnoT da raime xifaTs ar gadaeyaro-
To. Cven wavediT, mitings daveswariT. iyo Zlieri srola, gad-
awyvetili hqondaT mitingis daSla, baton zviadis suraTs dam-
iznebiT esrodnen. xalxi ar daSlila.
bunkerSi batoni zviadis qcevam, mimteveblobam me momca Zala
viyo simarTlisTvis Tavdadebuli.
Tamriko dadiani
TviTmxilveli
1991 wlis 4-5 oqtombers SeiaraRebuli „demokratebi“ 3-4-jer
moadgnen mTavrobis saxls. meore Semotevisas mokles sami Svilis
848
mama gia tetelaSvili, wminda ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri,
dasaxiCrda bevri qarTveli. CemTvis is Rame iyo barTlomes Rame,
romlis Semdeg yvelani vgrZnobdiT, rom ufro didi saSineleba
SeiZleba datrialebuliyo. aki datrialda kidec.
21 dekembers mTavrobis saxlis win Tavi moiyares wiTel-
ma „demokratebma“, maT gamarTes mitingi, sadac mouwodebdnen
kanonierebis damcvelTa jgufebs gons mosuliyvnen da daemxoT
batoni zviadis „diqtatura“.
Cvens mitingze gamovida batoni beso guguSvili da metad sasi-
amovno informacia gvamcno, ris Semdegac xalxma cekva da simRera
wamoiwyo. me, aCiko ramiSvili, xaTuna da dali SevxvdiT erTmaneTs
da mivuloceT, Tan isic aRvniSneT, rom „wiTeli demokratebisa-
gan“, romlebic isteriulad moiTxovdnen prezidentis gadadgomas,
kargi araferi iyo mosalodneli da SeiZleba saSineleba daetri-
alebinaT. aCikom isic Tqva, rom sicocxle ar gviweriao.
is Rame CemTvis dauviwyari iyo. Zvirfaso Zmao aCiko, bevri
vicineT, vimRereT, magram Tu Seni naTqvami aRsruldeboda da
Seni lamazi suli gafrindeboda, ar megona. 22 dekembers Seni xe-
liT ixseni bevri uiaraRo gvardieli, samagierod Seni sicocxle
wagvarTves jalaTebma, magram vTvli, rom Sen CvenTan SedarebiT
mainc bednieri xar. Sen ar ici, rom Sens suls Seni megobrebis
lamazi da mdidari sulebic SeuerTda. varaz varazaSvili, valiko
yavlaSvili, emzar lomTaZe da sxvebi.
Cvengan dautiralo Zmebo, megobrebo, mapatieT, rom Tqveni
Wiris dRes me ver daveswari. vici rom mapatiebT, aCikos garda
danarCenebma ki iciT, sadac viyavi da albaT masac gadascemdiT.
geTxovebiT im imediT, rom Tqveni sulebi iqac gaagrZeleben
brZolas saqarTvelos gadarCenisaTvis.
Tamriko dadiani
TviTmxilveli
mas Semdeg, rac banditebma saqarTvelos erovnuli kanonieri
xelisufleba daamxes yovel dRe vagzlis moedanze, 12 saaTze tar-
deboda kanonieri mTavrobis mxardamWerTa mitingebi. 1992 wlis 2
Tebervals vagzlis moedanze kvlav moiyara Tavi uamravma adamianma,
Catarda mitingi. Semdeg momitingeebi daviZariT TviTmarqvia xeli-
849
suflebis (ck-as) Senobisken. Cveni moTxovnebi iyo kanonierebis aR-
dgena, prezidentis dabruneba da TviTmarqvia xelisuflebis TviT-
likvidacia. roca Cveni mravalaTasiani manifestacia miuaxlovda
gmirTa moedans, gzebi avtobusebiT Caxergili dagvxvda. ukve mivx-
vdiT, rom raRacas gvipirebdnen. sul male daiwyes srolebic. sax-
anZro manqanebidan gamouSves wylis Wavlic. xalxi mainc ar daiSala.
atyda wivil-kivili, isini ki daundoblad gviSendnen avtomatebis
jers, Cvens win dadga sisxlis tba. me da Cemma meuRlem vnaxeT, Tu
rogor usulod daeca sruliad axalgazrda medroSe Wabuki da
gogona. Cven SevZeliT 15-mde daWrili dagveTvala am daWrilebidan.
erT-erTi Cveni TanamSromlis vaJiSvili SavlaZe iyo, romelsac fo-
to-korespondenti yavda ayvanili da fexebSi daWres.
manifestantebma aRmaSeneblis gamziriT ganvagrZeT moZraoba.
marjaniSvilis moedans rom mivuaxlovdiT, CvenTan movida axalgaz-
rda qali da gvTxova interviu, man saqarTvelos radio-korespoden-
tad gagvacno Tavi. am dros atyda saSineli srola, avtomatis jeri
beteerebis baTqa-buTqi. ar vici ramdeni daiWra an ramdeni mokvda.
vinc sadac movaxerxeT iq SevcvivdiT. Cven ki kinoTeatris Senoba-
Si SevediT, magram avtomatianebi aqac Semogvicvivdnen da dagviwyes
lanZRva-gineba... „Tqven kidev zviadi gindaT, Tqveni deda... sisxl-
Si curavT. axlave aqve amogxocavTo“ da avtomati Seayenes. Cvenda
sabednierod win kacebi idgnen da rogorRac moifiqres da uTxres
Cven kinoSi varT mosulebio. ar vici daijeres Tu Tavi Seikaves da
ukan gavidnen. bolos kinos direqtori gavida da naxa iqve javSan-
transportiorze amxedrebuli, ar vici maTi xelmZRvaneli iyo Tu
rigiTi, sTxova maT Cveni gatareba (kino damTavrdao da wasvla
undaT saxlSio). man dagvrTo neba nawil-nawil gavsuliyaviT, ase
gavecaleT iqaurobas da CavediT metroSi. vagzlis moedanze rom
CamovediT aq ufro uaress gadaveyareT; Semocvivdnen avtomatiani
TviTmarqvia xelisuflebis erTguli mxedrionis wevrebi da xalxs
ise dasdevdnen, viT monadire mxecebs. aqac viTom, rogorc SemTx-
veviTma mgzavrebma Zlivs davaRwieT Tavi da gadavjeqiT sabur-
Talos matarebelze. ase gadavrCiT am saSinel da Semzarav dRes.
TviTmxilveli m. g.
Tbilisi vaJa-fSavelas prosp.
850
mcx. q. rusTavSi mesxiSvilis pirveli gasasvleli 7/49
asmaT akakis asuli baiaSvili
myavs meuRle, sami Svili da sami SviliSvili, vmuSaobdi gamar-

jvebis mefrinvelobis fabrikaSi brigadirad. dResdReobiT var
umuSevari.
vinaidan 1991 wlis 2 seqtembridan mZime dReebi daudga Cems
samSoblos, valdebulad CavTvale Tavi, mec Semetana cotaodeni
wvlili kanonierebis da simarTlis dasacavad. 1991 wlis sami se-
qtembridan dRedaRame videqi iq, sadac idga Cems mier suliTa da
guliT arCeuli kanonieri xelisufleba da kanonieri prezidenti.
22 dekembers SeiaraRebulma opoziciam pirveli autexa srola
mTavrobis sasaxles. fanjrebi wina mxares sul Camtvreuli iyo,
gansakuTrebiT iyo dacxriluli prezidentis kabinetis fanjrebi,
SigniT yvelgan sibnele sufevda. daaxloebiT Ramis aTis naxevari
iqneboda, movida erTi susti agebulebis mandilosani da gviTx-
ra: kolmeurneobis moednis mxridan movdivar, iq kbilebamde Sei-
araRebulni dganan, irgvliv alyaSi varT, sami beteeri da erTi
tanki aqve axlos udgaT, yvela gavafrTxiloT, Torem isini ar
dagvzogaven, gvesvriano. am qalabtons damTavrebuli ar hqonda
sityva, rom opoziciam gaxsna cecxli pirdapir xalxze, gavrbodiT,
daWrilebs vaxtebodiT, zogi mxatvris saxlSi, zogi yofili pio-
nerTa sasaxlisken, axloblebi mimoifantnen. CemTan darCa Cemi Ta-
namoqalaqe xuciSvili zeinabi. roca quCa unda gadameWra vigrZeni,
rom raRac momxvda da wamaqcia, im wamSi momeSvelnen zeinabic da
sxvebic Semiyvanes SenobaSi, sisxli TqrialiT Camomdioda, mivxvdi
Tavis areSi viyavi daWrili, marcxena mxares safeTqelTan axlos.
iq SenobaSi eqimi aRmoCnda da pirveli daxmareba man gamiwia. mTe-
li Senobis iataki gavsebuli iyo daWrilebiT, ori micvalebuli
iyo. gamouZaxes saswrafos, srola ar wydeboda, icodnen ra rom
am SenobaSi imyofeboda mxolod da mxolod uiaraRo adamianebi,
daundoblad uSendnen Senobas. garedan ori daWrili Semoyvanis
Tanave daiRupa. kuTxeebs vefarebodiT. rogorc iqna sam saaTze
cota SeaCeres srola da saswrafoc Semovida. pirvel rigSi waiy-
vanes micvalebulebi, Semdeg daWrilebi migviyvanes pirvel saavad-
myofoSi, sadac gvimkurnales.
851
TviTmxilveli
1991 wlis 22 dekembers, daaxloebiT dRis 10 saaTze vimyofebo-
di mTavrobis saxli win, am dros eklesiis mxridan gamoCnda sami
axalgazrda. amaTgan ors avtomati eWira xelSi, xolo mesame SuaSi
yavdaT, viTom tyve iyo da mTavrobis saxlSi miyavdaT. is viTom
tyve damtyvevebelis win garboda da aman dagvaeWva. am dros Cveni
mxridan icnes, rom isini iyvnen prezidentis mowinaaRmdege Sei-
araRebuli banditebi, romlebsac mTavrobis saxlSi Separva sur-
daT. xalxma icno ra es avismzraxvelebi, yvirili daiwyes. iq mdgom
uiaraRo xalxs orive avtomatianma avtomatebis jeri mogviSves, me
fexSi daviWeri, sxvebic bevri daiWra. iq aRmoCndnen axalgazrda
biWebi da pirveladi daxmareba aRmogviCines, saswrafo daxmareba
movida da CxeiZis quCaze saavadmyofoSi operacia gamikeTes. sami
Tve saxlSi vmkurnalobdi ubnis eqimTan.
xaduri rusudani
Tbilisi zekaris q.19
dekember-ianvris Tbilisis putCis dros mTavrobis

sasaxlis damcvelTa naambobi
(Tbilisis universitetis studenti, teroris
SiSiT gvars ar asaxelebs)
1992 wlis 22 dekembers, roca mTavrobis saxlTan mivedi

srola droebiT Sewyvetili iyo. Tqves, rom molaparakeba daiwye-
so. mTavrobis saxlis win xalxs moeyara Tavi da SeZrwunebulni
Sescqerodnen qvemexebis WurvebiT dacxrilul mTavrobis sasax-
lis kedlebs, damwvar mTavrobis saxls da 1–l saSualo skolas
(es skola istoriulia, TiTqmis 200 wlisaa da iq swavlobdnen
qarTveli klasikosebi – nikoloz baraTaSvili, ilia WavWavaZe...)
Semzaravi STabeWdileba datova Camongreuli svetebis win ilia
WavWavaZis Zirs dagdebulma suraTma. viRacam aiRo da isev zeviT
daamagra. jer kidev seqtemberSi mivxvdi, rom e. w. opozicionerTa
mxridan mosalodneli iyo Tavdasxma. maSinve gadavwyvite davmd-
gariyavi xalxis rCeul prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damcvelTa
rigebSi. dRes xSirad gaigonebT mTavrobam pirvelma gvesrolao,
imas ki ar amboben es viTomda „demokratebi“, rom am barbarosu-
852
li omisaTvis karga xania emzadebodnen, rac kargad gamoCnda maTi
televiziiT gamosvliTac. erT dRes ki daufaravi siamayiT aCvenes,
Tu rogor varjiSobda kitovanis xalxi. varjiSobdnen imisaTvis,
rom Semdeg qarTvelebi amoexocaT. garda amisa, TiTqmis yvelam
icoda isic, rom 14 dekembers siguas xelmZRvanelobiT Catarebul
Tavyrilobaze miiRes gadawyvetileba, rom 20 dekembers ganexor-
cielebinaT Tavdasxma mTavrobis sasaxleze, rac ratomRac ori
dRiT gadades. me kargad vici ra bneli da gonebaSezRudulni
arian is kriminaluri bandebi, romelTac xelisufleba miitaces.
dRes me Tavi movaled CavTvale saqarTveloze usazRvrod Seyvare-
buli, uganaTlebulesi prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias damcvel-
Ta rigebSi Cavmdgariyavi. 23-Si diliTve gamovcxaddi mTavrobis
sasaxleSi da moxalised Cavewere. aTasobiT msurveli gareT ic-
dida, magram iaraRi sakmarisi ar iyo. vibrZodiT rogorc SegveZ-
lo, ufro sworad mxolod Tavs vicavdiT. 25-Si tyviebi gagviTa-
vda, magram arcerTi CvenTagani ar apirebda saguSagos mitovebas.
swored am dros gviRalata Tavdacvis ministris moadgilem besik
quTaTelaZem da satelevizio anZa gadasca kitovans. Cven ar vi-
codiT, rom is moRalate iyo da gvegona Tavis movaleobas pati-
osnad asrulebda. is ki axla presaSi usircxvilod acxadebs, rom
prezidents iluziebs vuqmnidi, viTom vibrZodio. cruoben isinic,
vinc qalebs abraleben brZanebis gacemas omis dawyebis Sesaxeb. me
sabWoTa jarSi vmsaxurobdi or weliwads da kargad vici, arc erTi
ubralo jariskaci ar daemorCileba, Tundac umaRlesi sardlis
colis brZanebas. iq sadac vibrZodiT (sasaxlis saxuravze) tyviebis
wvima modioda. „kaskebiTa“ da broneJiletebiT“ SeWurvilni mainc
ver vwevdiT Tavs maRla. ai aseT dros amovida Cveni prezidenti,
sruliad TavSiSveli, gvamxnevebda da sifrTxilisaken mogviwodeb-
da. „idga uSiSi, viTarca uxorco“. siamayis yiJina aRmogxvdeboda,
rodesac mas aseTs vucqerdiT. dRes amazrzeni sicruis talRa
lekavs presas da televizias. sasaciloa maTi monaWori bunkeris
Sesaxeb. vis raSi Wirdeboda tyveebis eleqtro SokiT wameba. ro-
meli rixard zorgeebi egeni iyvnen, rom maTgan raime saidumlo
Segvetyo, rac Seexeba tyveebis cemas, magaT televiziiT gviCvenes
nacemi Cveni deputatebi da gvardilebi. Tu ki aqamde vinmes gad-
aWarbebulad eCveneboda, roca prezidenti sazogadoebis garkveul
nawils samSoblos moRalateebs eZaxda, isini marTlac moRalateni
yofilan da savalalod gacilebiT bevri aRmoCnda, vidre gvegona.
853
maTi lozungebi „demokratia“, „adamianis Tavisufleba“ da a. S. mx-
olod carieli sityvebi yofila... maT sakuTari keTildReobisaT-
vis gayides saqarTvelo.
2. 02. 92 w.
moqalaqe i. s.
gasuli wlis noember–dekemberSi xSirad mixdeboda megobarTan
erTad mTavrobis saxlis win yofna, sadac gaSlili iyo karvebi.
mTavrobis saxlis marcxena mxares pirvel karavSi morigeobdnen
„wminda ilia marTlis“ sazogadoebis mamakacebi, xolo marjvniv
pirvel karavSi am sazogadoebis qalebi. danarCen karvebSi vin mori-
geobda, CemTvis ucnobia. morigeobis msurvelni bevrni iyvnen. ma-
gram „wminda ilia marTlis“ sazogadoebis wevrebi ucxo pirebs ar
endobodnen. me xSirad mixdeboda qalTa karavSi yofna, sadac Cemi
megobari morigeobda. iq SeimCneoda saocari wesrigi, sisufTave,
kedlebze gakruli iyo mariam RvTiSoblis da sxva xatebi, merab
kostavas da zviad gamsaxurdias suraTebi. morigeebi yovel dila–
saRamos anTebdnen sanTlebs da loculobdnen, uvlidnen mTavrobis
saxlis winamdebare teritorias da 9 aprilis wamebulTa memorials.
isini aravis ar aZlevdnen uflebas karavSi sigareti moewiaT. am
karavSi namdvilad moraluri siwmindis qalebs vxedavdi. romlebic
gamoirCeodnen prezidentisadmi erTgulebiTa da TavdadebiT. yve-
lani ojaxis qalebi iyvnen. isini aswrebdnen ojaxis movlas, Semdeg
karavSi modiodnen Ramis saTevad, diliT ki samsaxurSi garbodnen.
ramdenjerme Seveswari maT „vaxSams“. es iyo iqve Tonidan motanili
Tonis puri. an eleqtro quraze gacxelebuli puri, zogjer mwnili
da muraba. xSirad msmenia opoziciisagan, rom mTavrobis saxlis win
morigeebs fuls uxdidnen, magram maTTan daaxloebis Semdeg mTli-
anad davrwmundi, rom es mtknari sicrue iyo.
19 dekembers Rame mTavrobis saxlis win gavatare. dRisiT mitingi
Caatara prezidentma, romelsac barikadebis meore mxridan momdgari
sigua saubars ar aclida. prezidenti iZulebuli iyo alag–alag ga-
pasuxeboda. mitingze gamovidnen deputatebi avTandil rcxilaZe,
guram petriaSvili da sxvebi, romlebmac mogviloces ukrainis mier
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRiareba. barikadebis iqidan stve-
na ismoda da RvarZli inTxeoda. maxsendeba prezidentis sityvebi:
„megobrebo sakuTari samSoblos damoukidebloba da keTildReoba
854
ar gauxardes adamians, ver warmomedgina da ai amaTgan ukve warmov-
idgineo“, xeli gaiSvira barikadebis iqiT. ukve im saRamos vicodiT,
rom alyaSi viyaviT moqceulni. marcxnidan sigua iyo Tavisi Sei-
araRebuli jgufiT, maTSi vxedavdiT rus oficrebsac.
i. s.
q. Tbilisi
Cems mier damoukideblad aRnusxuli
SevardnaZis reJimis socialuri diversiis msxverplni:
1993 w.ianvarSi Tavi moikla sami Svilis mamam, 50 wlis zurab

kobaxiZem (nucubiZis me-4 m/r. korp. 24. me-16 sarTuli).
1996 wlis gazafxulze Tavi CamoixrCo poetma badri guguSvil-
ma. TviTmkvlelobis mizezi politikuri uimedoba iyo.
1999 w. 5 marts saakaZis moedanze moikla Tavi kinoreJisorma
ilia CaCaniZem, romelmac datova Semdegi Sinaarsis werili: „guli
mikvdeba, rom janRoniT savse kaci var da ver gavrkveulvar, raSi
gamovadge Cems samSoblos, umoqmedoba sulierad saSinlad mtan-
javs... RmerTo daifare saqarTvleo, gadagvirCine Cveni Svilebi.
iqneb patara msxverplad, Sesawir batknad mainc gamovdge Cemi
xalxisTvis“. werilSi igi, agreTve mimarTavs qveynis faqtobriv
prezident SevardnaZes: „iqneb umjobesia ufro Rirseul adamians
dauTmoT qveynis marTva“.
1999 wlis 20 seqtembers Tbilisis saxelmwifo teqnikur uni-
versitetSi kibis moajirze CamoixrCo Tavi amave universitetis
docentma nugzar gugutiSvilma.
2000 w. 1 ianvars Tavi CamoixrCo 29 wlis ucolo axalgazrda
onise kutaliam (zugdidis r. sof. narazeni).
2000 w. 27 ianvars Tbilisis rkinigzis sadgurSi daZrul matareb-
els Seuvarda 22 wlis miSiko adeiSvili, igi Tbilisis Teatraluri
institutis fasiani swavlebis studenti iyo.
2000 w. 7 Tebervals sanadiro TofiT moikla Tavi WiaTurelma
daviT simonis Ze tyemalaZem, romelic mxolod 24 wlis iyo.
2000 w. 31 marts Tbilisis gimnaziis ezoSi Tavi daiwva 48 wlis
maria ZeraZem.
2000 w. 9 aprils muxrovanis jaris nawilSi SimSiliTa da tu-
berkuloziT gardaicvala TianeTeli jariskaci, 18 wlis kaxa cix-
elaSvili. igi Sinagani jaris nawilSi msaxurobda.
2000 w. 10 maiss Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis auditoriaSi
855
cecxlsasroli iaraRiT Tavi moikla 21 wlis filologma rati ninuam.
2000 w. 10 ivniss Tbilisis politeqnikuri universitetis saer-
To sacxovrebelSi dilis 4 saaTze SimSiliTa da avadmyofobiT
gawamebulma 57 wlis ludmila fifiam Tavi CamoixrCo. TviTmkvle-
lobaze fiqrobs misi qaliSvilic.
2000 w. 22 ivniss mtkvarSi daixrCo Tavi filarmoniis axalgaz-
rda msaxiobma – parodistma obola (gizo) cimakuriZem.
2000 w. 29 ivniss pistoletiT moikla Tavi Satilis sasazRvro
saguSagos ufrosma, kapitanma irakli WinWaraulma.
2000 w. 30 ivniss Tavi CamoixrCo 29 wlis arCil konstantines Ze
kargareTelma (mcx. marjaniSvilis q. 30).
2000 w. 7 ivliss sastumro „iveriaSi“ SimSiliTa da avadmyofo-
biT gardaicvala afxazeTidan devnili anatoli xvingia.
2000 w. 15 ivliss mtkvarSi daixrCo Tavi 33 wlis Tina feiqriS-
vilma.
2000 w. 27 ivliss, quTaisis centrSi Tavi aifeTqa mixeil ivaniS-
vilma. igi tuperkuloziT iyo daavadebuli da ar hqonda mkur-
nalobis fuli.
2000 w. 11 agvistos gamTeniisas Tbilisis zRvaze eleqtroboZze
CamoixrCo Tavi 26 wlis jemal didebaSvilma.
2001 w. 6 aprils marjaniSvilis Teatris msaxiobma nodar mga-
lobliSvilma kulturis ministrs sesili gogiberiZes daubruna
faqtobrivi prezidentis e. SevardnaZis mier micemuli „Rirsebis
ordeni“, sityvebiT: „xelisuflebam, romelic uRirs adamianad ma-
qcia, misi Rirsebis ordeni ar mWirdeba“. msaxiobi ukidures so-
cialur siduxWires ganicdida.
2001 wlis 29 aprils, metro „rusTavelSi“ matarebels Seuvarda
afxazeTidan devnili qalbatoni maisaia.
2001 w. 31 maiss TviTmkvlelobiT daamTavra sicocxle axal-
cixis mesazRvre vitali xuciSvilma, romelmac datova werili
cxovrebis gausaZlis pirobebze.
2001 wlis 19 ivniss, Tbilisis pirveli klasikuri gimnaziis
skverSi, iliasa da akaki ZeglTan, benziniT daiwva Tavi Telavel-
ma pedagogma (gvar-saxeli ver davadgineT), romelsac mTeli wlis
ganmavlobaSi ar miuRia xelfasi.
2001 wlis 8 noembers Tavi moikla, TbilisSi, xilianis quCa-
ze mcxovrebma 26 wlis axalgazrda ucolo mamakacma, umuSevarma
ediSer kakaSvilma.
856
2001 wlis 16 noembers, Tavi moikla veZisis quCa 12-Si mcxovreb-
ma qalbatonma meri Jvaniam.
2002 wlis 6 Tebervals, parlamentis SenobaSi benziniT scada
Tavis dawva, kodoridan devnilma, 33 wlis mravalSvilianma dedam
gulnara gugusianma.
2002 wlis 11 noembers, morigeobis dros avtomatiT moikla
Tavi Sinagani jaris oficerma, 23 wlis giorgi xaWapuriZem.
2002 wlis 11 dekembers, Tbilisis didubis raionis safosto
bankTan, 14-lariani daxmarebis rigSi, gulisSeteviT gardaicvala,
afxazeTidan devnili 56 wlis nugzar korkelia, romlis sikvdi-
lis mizezad iqca safosto bankis korumpirebuli xelmZRvaneloba,
romlebic xelovnurad qmnidnen daZabul atmosferos, raTa maT,
devnilTa mwir Semweobebzec Tavad moeTboT xeli.
2003 wlis 22 ianvars, parlamentis Senobis win, benzini gadaisxa
da Tavis dawva scada, afxazeTidan devnilma, 30 wlis col-Svil-
ianma giorgi loluam, afxazeTis sakiTxSi SevardnaZis kapitulan-
turi politikisadmi protestis niSnad, radgan mas eimedeboda
afxazeTSi dabruneba: „me, aseT saqarTveloSi cxovreba ar msurs!“
ganucxada man Jurnalistebs.
aseTia cxinvalis regionidan da afxazeTidan devnilTa bedi,
SevardnaZis xelisuflebis xelSi. iZulebiTi devnilebi, arc ter-
orisgan iyvnen dazRveulni; ase magaliTad: 1996 wlis 20 aprils
moxda diversiuli aqti sasatumro „afxazeTSi“, sadac cxovrobdnen
Sida qarTlidan devnilebi, daiRupa 7 devnili, daiWra da dasax-
iCrda 50-mde adamiani. sami dRis Semdeg, 23 aprils, analogiuri
diversiuli aqti gaxorcielda „dezertirebis“ bazarTan mdebare
sastumro „kolxeTSi“, sadac aseve cxovrobdnen da vaWrobdnen
devnilebi. gardaicvala 2, daiWra da dasaxiCrda 30-mde adamiani.
1998 wlis 24 agvistos, zugdidis samxareo administraciis Seno-
baSi moxda teroristuli aqti maSin, rodesac iq devnilTa garda
Senobis mesveurTagan aravin imyofeboda. trotilis afeTqebis Se-
degad daiRupa 2 devnili, daiWra da dasaxiCrda 70-mde adamiani.
aseTma daucvelobam da terorma ganapiroba devnilTa migraciis
gaaqtiureba saqarTvelos farglebs gareT. devnilTa droebiT
sacxovreblebs, SevardnaZis xelisufleba hyidda biznesmenebze da
ase teroriT aTaviuflebda Senobebs devnilebisagan.
2001 w. 5 ivniss organizacia „TeTri giorgis“ mebrZolebma,
romlebmac „Rirsebis ordenebi“ afxazeTSi brZolebisaTvis miiRes
857
ukan daubrunes faqtobriv prezident e. SevardnaZes socialur–
politikuri motiviT.
da sxva (arasruli sia l. c.).
SevardnaZis saxelisuflo teroris msxverplni:
1998 wlis 31 marts SevardnaZis teroristulma xelisuflebam

veragulad mokla samegrelos SeiaraRebuli ajanyebis erT-erTi
meTauri goCa esebua.
1998 wlis 17 dekembers merab kostavas ezoSi SevardnaZis
ukanono da policiur-avtoritaruli xelisuflebis gadadgomis
moTxovniT mimdinare SimSilobis aqciis darbevis dros mokla mo-
SimSile nugzar leJava.
2000 wlis 31 marts Tbilisis I gimnaziis ezoSi, iliasa da akakis
ZeglTan politikuri motiviT Tavi daiwva mariam qeraZem. cixeebSi
moSimSile politpatimrebis gaTavisuflebis moTxovniT.
2000 wlis 9 ivliss SevardnaZis „omonma“ veragulad mokla misi
reJimis winaaRmdeg SeiaraRebuli ajanyebis erT–erTi meTauri aka-
ki eliava da goCa gvelava.
2000 w. 28 oqtombers Tavisuflebis moedanze gamarTuli sap-
rotesto mitingis darbevis dros SevardnaZis „omonma“ sastikad
scema mitingis monawile mayvala abaSvils, romelic 7 noembers
gonsmousvlelad gardaicvala qalaqis №1 saavadmyofoSi.
2000 w. 30 marts sakuTari sacxovrebeli saxlis teritoriaze
quCaSi mimavals zurgidan Tavs daesxnen sruliad saqarTvelos
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis Tavmjdomare leila comaias,
romelsac TavSi Caartyes blagvi sagani da mere waqceuls wix-
lebiT scema orma mamakacma. dazaralebuli sxeulis sxvadasxva
dazianebebiT moaTavses qalaqis №5 saavadmyofoSi.
2001 wlis 26 Tebervals quCaSi Tavs daesxnen opoziciur gazeT
„meridianis“ redaqtors Tamaz cercvaZes. igi sxeulis mZime da-
zianebebiT moaTavses respublikur saavadmyofoSi. xolo erTi
Tvis Semdeg ki daarbies da gaZarcves gazeTis redaqcia.
2001 wlis 3 marts quCaSi mimaval Tavs daesxdnen „mrgvali ma-
gidis“ wevrebs: uzenaesi sabWos deputat revaz kemularias da
helsinkis kavSiris wevrs darsalias, romlebic sxeulis mZime da-
858
zianebebiT gadaiyvanes respublikur saavadmyofoSi.
2001 w. martSi quCaSi mimavals Tavs daesxnen yofil politpatimar
biZina goreliSvils, romelsac miayenes sxeulis mZime dazianebebi.
2001 wlis 7 aprils TviTmkvlelobiT daamTavrebines sicocxle
yofil politpatimar goCa oTxozorias.
2001 wlis 3 aprils sakuTari sacxovrebeli saxlis sadarbazo-
Si Tavs daesxnen yofil politpatimar zviad ZiZigurs, romelsac
miayenes sxeulis mZime dazianebebi.
2001 w. 19 ivniss zooparkis mimdebare teritoriaze, dilis
saaTebSi oTxi ucnobi mamakaci zurgidan Tavs daesxa yofil
politpatimar xviCa joxaZes, romelsac miayenes sxeulis mZime da-
zianebebi.
2001 wlis 1 ivliss RamiT quCidan gaitaces da tician tabiZis
quCaze cecxlsasroli iaraRiT mZimed daWres zarzmis eklesiidan
gankveTili, zviad gamsaxurdias yofili moZRvari, beri giorgi
(levan xabeiSvili). mkurnalobda respublikur saavadmdyofoSi.
1999 wlis 17 seqtembers quCaSi mimavals zurgidan Tavs daesx-
nen adamianis uflebaTa dacvis prezident giorgi kervaliSvils,
romelsac miayenes sxeulis mZime dazianebebi, romelic mkur-
nalobda respublikur saavadmyofoSi.
2001 wlis 24 maiss gmirTa moednis gvirabSi avtoavaria mou-
wyves manana arCvaZe-gamsaxurdias.
(arasruli sia l. c.)
avTandil eliava – SevardnaZis korumpirebuli

Zalovani struqturis msxverpli
dis, reJisor, lia eliavas monayoli:

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis gamoy-
enebiTi maTematikis institutis mecnier-Ta-
namSromeli Cemi Zma avTndil eliava (dab. 1944
wlis 15 ivniss), megobris dedis dakrZalvidan
RamiT Sin mimavali, albert CxaiZesTan erTad,
1997 wlis 13 maiss daakaves milicielebma da
e.w. gamosafxizlebelSi waiyvanes. milicielma
koba giorgaZem da kvirikaSvilma maT sabuTebi
859
CamoarTves. avTandil eliava da koba CxaiZe, yovelgvari Sepasux-
ebisa da winaaRmdegobis gareSe gayvnen maT. dakavebulebi, fiziku-
ri da sityvieri Seuracxyofebis miyenebis Semdeg mouTavsebiaT
WuWyian da Smorian bnel saknebSi. meore dRes, orive dakavebuli
gaaTavisufles fulis gamoZalvis safasurad. CxaiZesaTvis gamou-
ZalviaT 50 dolari, romelic jibeSi aRmoaCnda, xolo a. eliav-
asaTvis miuciaT dro, raTa mas mietana 60 lari. avTandilsa da
Cems das mTeli dRe ugrovebiaT misatani 60 lari. mogexsenebaT,
ra iyo inteligenciis xelfasi da rogor xelmokled vcxovrobdiT
keTilsindisieri inteligencia.
gamosafxizlebel izolatorSi gamefebuli Seuracxyofebi,
fizikuri Zaladobebi da provokaciebi fulis gamoZalvis mizniT
SevardnaZis mmarTvelobis stili aRmoCnda. dakavebidan gaTavisu-
flebul avTandils Sublze kopi ajda da Tvalebic Calurjebuli
hqonda. 16 maiss, igi miyenebuli fizikuri da moraluri stresis-
gan moulodnelad gardaicvala. gairkva, rom gamosafxizleblis
TanamSromlebi, aTvalwunebul adamianebs apatimrebdnen ligaCovis
droindeli antialkoholuri kampaniis debulebebze dayrdnobiT,
rac xelmowerili iyo Temur xaCiSvilis mier. Cemi gardacvli-
li Zma avTandil eliava da Cven, orive debi, kanonierad arCeuli
erovnuli prezidentis, zviad gamsaxurdias momxre viyaviT. Cemma
dam, lamzira eliavam, Zmis daRupvis gamo sarCeliT mimarTa Sina-
gan saqmeTa saministros, romelmac daiwyo mokvleva faqtze. mom-
devno gverdze ixileT mokvlevis pasuxi.
860
861
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares
baton lado Wanturias
saqarTvelos iusticiis ministrs baton joni xecurians
saqarTvelos parlamentis patimarTa uflebebis dacvis

qvekomisiis Tavmjdomare qal. elene TevdoraZes
saqarTvelos parlamentis iuridiuli komisiis

Tavmjdomares bat. mixeil saakaSvils.
zugdidSi mcxovrebi (sofeli oqtomberi)

mayvala valikos asul pertaxias
g a n c x a d e b a
mogaxsenebT, rom 1995 wlis 2 noembers, im motiviT rom Cemi

Svili zaza pertaxia xels uSlida arCevnebis Catarebas, mis dasa-
patimreblad Cems ojaxs Tavs daesxa ormocamde SeiaraRebuli
policiisa da uSiSroebis TanamSromlebi niRbebiT, romelTa naw-
ilis gvari CemTvis cnobilia: iona gogoxia, joni belqania, iago
Sengelia, ilia gawerelia, daTo kvitatiani, daviT gvilia, uniR-
bod – paata gabunia da rozman gogenia. es ukanskneli gaxldaT
operaciis xelmZRvaneli. im dRes Cemi vaJi zaza, misi meuRle da
Cemi qaliSvili inga imyofeboda sof. orsantiaSi Cemi rZlis mamis
saxlSi. Cveni binis gaCxrekvis Semdgom momxvdurebma saeWvo rom
veraferi naxes, wavidnen orsantiaSi. wasvlisas erT–erTi maTgani
damemuqra, rom Cems Svils Subls gauxvritavda. miadgnen Tu ara
Cemi vaJis simamris trifon gelenavas saxls – WiSkridanve dauwy-
iaT srola. Zalis gamoyenebiT trifoni manqanaSi CausviaT, xolo
zazas gaqceva ucdia, magram mas tyviebi daadevnes, igi adgilze
gardaicvala. Cems Svil zazas marjvena xelis mtevani moglejili
hqonda eqvsi Tvis win da meore jgufis invalidi iyo. im wuTebSi
daqvrivebul Cems rZals irina gelenava–pertaxias rozman gogeniam
zurgSi avtomatis kondaxi Caartya, ris Sedegadac fexmZime gogos
muceli moeSala. ase rom policielebma erT dRes ori ojaxis wev-
ri, Svili da SviliSvili momikles. Cveni yvela cda, rom daesajaT
862
Cemi Svilis mkvleli, uSedegod damTavrda. policiaSi yvelam icis,
vin aris Cemi Svilis uSualo mkvleli, magram mas xels afareben.
amiT ar damTavrebula Cemi ojaxis tragedia; 1999 wlis agvistoSi
zugdidSi mokles (13 agvistos) 3 policieli. am policielTa mkvl-
elobisaTvis, ratomRac adanaSauleben Cems meore vaJiSvil zviad
pertaxias.
mogaxsenebT rom, Cems meore Svils – zviad pertaxias hqonda
Tavisi mokluli Zmis iaraRi, Cven Tveebis ganmavlobaSi vTxovdiT
Cvens Svils, rom mokluli Zmis iaraRi Caebarebina policiisaTvis,
razec igi sabolood daviTanxmeT. Cemi Svili Segvpirda, rom gad-
amalul iaraRs saxlSi miitanda, romelsac me TviTon waviRebdi
policiaSi Casabareblad. am mizniT 1998 wlis Semodgomaze (zusti
Tve da ricxvi ar maxsovs) Cemi Svili wasula iaraRis mosatanad,
gzaSi, Ramis TerTmeti saaTis Semdeg gzad gadaeyara oTxi ucnobi
biWi, romlebmac martoxela zviadi rom dainaxes, dauwyes xulig-
nuri mopyroba, sigareti mosTxoves, qudi axades, wamoartyes, dau-
wyes gineba da oTxivem cema daupira, ris Semdegac Cemma Svilma
Tavis dasacavad ubidan gamoaZvrina iaraRi, romelic gaisrola
miwaze. tyvia rikoSetiT moxvda erT–erT Tavdamsxmels, romelic
terfSi msubuqad daiWra. Cemi Svili SeSinda da imaleboda, rode-
sac igi dabrunda, iaraRi gamovarTvi da misi TanxmobiT Cavabare
policias, ris Semdegac daixura sisxlis samarTlis saqme Cems
Svilze. magram axla am 3 policielis mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT,
ratomRac aRZres sisxlis samarTlis saqme Cems Svilzec. poli-
cielebis mkvlelobis dros q. zugdidSi Cemi Svili ar imyofeboda.
igi stumrad iyo mamidamisTan sof. darCelSi, rasac adastureben
ojaxis wevrebi da mezoblebic (maT werilobiT dasturs dokumen-
tis saxiT Tan vurTav gancxadebas). imis gamo rom Cems Svils aqvs
mware gamocdileba zugdidis policiis TviTnebobisa da usamarT-
lobis, amitom imaleba da Tavs aridebs policiaSi misvlas. zug-
didis policielebi ki, ormoci–ormocdaaTkaciani SeiaraRebuli
razmiT, sistematurad Tavs esxmis Cemsa da Cveni da–Zmebis, na-
Tesavebis ojaxebs, Cxreken, ayeneben ojaxis wevrebs sityvier da
fizikur Seuracxyofas, ibareben policiaSi da sxva. nuTu maT aqvT
amdeni ojaxis Seviwrovebis ufleba, vin unda daicvas udanaSaulo
da alalmarTali xalxis uflebebi saqarTveloSi? imis gamo, rom
erTxel viyavi qalbaton elene TevdoraZesTan, zugdidis polici-
863
is ufrosma miTxra „ra ginda qalbaton elenesTan, Cemi ufrosi
aravin ar aris da rasac minda imas gavakeTebo“. memuqrebian Cemi
Svilis adgilze likvidaciiT, policielebma amimxedres moklu-
li policielebis ojaxis wevrebi, romlebic cxadia CemsaviT gam-
warebulebi arian da Tavadac momxre var, rom ipovon TavianTi
Svilebis namdvili mkvlelebi da sakadrisad daisajon.
me mimaCnia, rom Cvens ojaxze ganxorcielebuli represiebi
momdinareobs Cveni politikuri mrwamsisagan, kerZod vaRiareb,
rom mTeli Cveni ojaxi momxre varT kanonieri erovnuli xelisu-
flebis, Cemi mokluli Svili zaza pertaxia iyo kanonieri xelisu-
flebis gvardiis oficeri. sxva danaSauli Cvens ojaxs ar Caudenia
da arc arasodes Caidens, radgan patiosani, mSromeli da simarT-
lis moyvaruli Svilebi gavzarde.
moviTxov Cveni politikuri mrwamsis gamo Sewydes Cveni ojaxis
devna–Seviwroveba, fizikuri angariSsworebebi. winaaRmdeg SemTx-
vevaSi mivmarTavT protestis ukidures zomas.
mayvala pertaxia
1990 wlis 22 seqtemberi
rbeva merab kostavs ezoSi
1992 wlis 16 seqtembers, tradiciul oTxSabaT dRes, saRamos

5 saaTze merab kostavas ezoSi tardeboda kanonieri prezidentisa
da parlamentis mxardamWeri mitingi, sadac aseve gansakuTrebuli
yuradReba eTmoboda samaCablosa da afxazeTSi mimdinare pro-
cesebs.
mitingis dawyebidan 10-15 wuTSi uecrad ezoSi SemoiWra msub-
uqi avtomanqana, saidanac xuTi avtomatiani mamakaci yviriliT da
lanZRva-ginebiT gadmocvivda da avtomatebis kondaxebiT xalxs
daeria. xalxis nawili ezoSi mimoifanta, nawilma ki merab kostavas
saxl-muzeums Seafara Tavi. me, ramdenime moqalaqesTan erTad,
ezoSi videqi, rodesac CemTan ginebiT moiWra erTi mamakaci da
miTxra, rom man kargad icis vinca var da piradad gamiswordeba,
fizikurad gamanadgurebs. man xmamaRla ganacxada, rom is aris
864
doliZe „mxedrionis“ wevri da TbilisSi wesrigs icavs. avtoma-
tianma mamakacebma ezos gasasvleli gadaketes, raTa iqedan aravin
gasuliyo, mere Semovardnen sulmnaTi merabis saxlSi da iaraRis
muqariT yvelani gareT gamogvyares. ramdenime wuTSi quCidan moiy-
vanes avtobusi da Sig Segvyares. migviyvanes qalaqis miliciis sam-
marTveloSi, sadac me da Jurnalisti revaz uruSaZe, rogorc „gan-
sakuTrebuli damnaSaveni“, sammarTvelos ufrosTan wagviyvanes.
sammarTvelos ufrosma gamoiZaxa yvela raionis miliciis ufro-
si da daavala, dakavebulni sacxovrebeli adgilis mixedviT gae-
nawilebinaT miliciaSi da maTi binebi imave saRamosve gaeCxrikaT.
sammarTvelos ufrosis oTaxSi yofnis dros (ufrosis CaTvliT),
TiTqmis yvela TanamSromelma momayena sityvieri Seuracxyofa; isi-
ni maginebdnen dedas, meubnebodnen, rom mec da yvela „zviadists“
siamovnebiT migvayeneben kedelze da dagxvretaven Tu ki amis ufle-
ba eqnebodaT. ufrosi memuqreboda, rom yvelafers damimtkicebs,
rom kavSiri maqvs raRac teroristul jgufTan da a. S.
sacxovrebeli adgilis mixedviT gadamabares vakis raionis
miliciis ufross, romelsac Cemi TandaswrebiT sammarTvelos
ufross gadasces gazeT „aRdgomis“ me-17 nomeri da raRac xel-
naweri, raTa isini Cxrekis dros Cems binaSi „aRmoeCinaT“. im Rames
damtoves vakis raionis miliciis ganyofilebaSi. iqac mlanZRes,
magines, aginebdnen yvela Cem Tanamoazres.
meore dRes, 17 seqtembers gadamiyvanes mTawmindis raionis
miliciis ganyofilebaSi, sadac erT-erTma Cinosanma (romlis
vinaoba ver davadgine) oTxi TanamSromlis TandaswrebiT, momayena
fizikuri Seuracxyofa, orjer zedized gamawna sila.
18-Si mimiyvanes mTawmindis raionis sasamarTloSi, sadac 174-1
muxlis Tanaxmad, yovelgvari dakiTxvis gareSe, momisajes aTi
dRis patimroba. qalaqis miliciis sammarTvelos ufrosma (albaT
gansakuTrebulad dasjis mizniT) uari Tqva Cems winaswari dakave-
bis izolatorSi moTavsebaze da gamamwesa Tevdore mRvdlis or
nomerSi mdebare „berias jurRmulebad“ wodebul izolatorSi,
sadac Cveulebriv mawanwalebs, usabuTo saeWvo pirebs aTavseben.
aTi dRe, mxolod Cemi mrwamsis gamo, vimyofebodi 25 safexuris
siRrmis usarkmelo, mZafri Smoris suniT gaJRenTil sakanSi.
aqve avRniSnav, rom ianvridan dRemde, mas Semdeg, rac saqarT-
veloSi Zalismieri gziT damxobil iqna kanonieri xelisufleba,
865
samjer damakaves gansxvavebuli politikuri mrwamsis gamo, amave
mizeziT gamaTavisufles samsaxuridan 1992 wlis maisidan.
eTer mgalobliSvili,
filologiis mecnierebaTa kandidati,
wminda ilia marTlis sazogadoebis wevri,
erovnuli xsnis moZraoba–winaaRmdegobis frontis
sakoordinacio sabWos wevri.
2 oqtomberi, 1992 weli.
TviTmxilveli
Tamaz Tengizis Ze oniani, dabadebuli 1963 wels, myavs deda,
meuRle da 4 mcirewlovani Svili. vcxovrob q. TbilisSi, Tamar
mefis q. №37-Si.
erovnuli mTavrobis ukanonod da iaraRiT Camogdebis Sem-

deg gadavwyvite samarTlisaTvis damewyo brZola. gansakuTrebiT
aqtiurad Cavebi 3 ianvridan. iqidan moyolebuli saTaveSi vede-
qi moZraobas, Semdeg vayalibebdi moSimSileTa jgufebs, vqmnid-
iT sagafico komitets, rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise studentebSi.
amis Semdeg xdeba xalxis masebis yoveldRiuri gamosvlebi. amiT
daboRmilma mafiozebma da teroristebma yvela Zala da Rone ix-
mares, raTa CaexSoT simarTlisaTvis mebrZoli xalxis neba.
17 ianvars, rodesac komendantis saaTi jer kidev ar iyo dawyebu-
li, me vimyofebodi moSimSileebTan erTad, radgan Tavs movaled
vTvlidi yuradRebis centrSi myoloda yvela aqciis monawileebi.
10 saaTze moxda aqciaze Tavdasxma, ra Tqma unda mec amiyvanes da
patimrobaSi mimces 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi... me mimiyvanes qalaqis
sammarTveloSi, sadac xdeboda, rogorc cema ise wameba. iq patim-
robaSi yofnis dros CemTan modiodnen sazRvargareTis Jurnal-
istebi. iyvnen mosuli sieneni, bibisi, inglisis meoTxe arxi, ger-
maniis, iaponiis, koreis da sxvebi. maT Semdeg movida saqarTvelos
televiziidan maka razmaZe. Cemi pozicia ucvleli iyo. bolos Ce-
mTan imyofeboda safrangeTis wiTeli jvris warmomadgenlebi. me
vimyofebodi Zalian cud mdgomareobaSi, radgan mtkioda guli da
naRvlis buSti. didi mudaris Semdeg maZlevdnen gamayuCebel sa-
Sualebebs. kameris moTxovniT da didi yvirilis Semdeg momiyvanes
866
eqimi, aRmomiCines samedicino daxmareba. iyo mcdeloba Cemi gad-
abirebis, uaris miRebis Semdeg sastikad mcemes. erT dRes kameris
kari iReba da meubnebian: lanCava movida da Tu ginda Sexvdio. me
davTanxmdi, gamiyvanes da Sevedi lanCavasTan. visaubreT. oTxsaa-
Tiani saubris Semdeg man miTxra, Tu Tqven televiziiT ar gamox-
vediT aqedan gasvla ar giweriao, mec myavs ufrosebio, mokled
4 saaTi mofiqrebis dro. CemTan sakanSi myofebma miTxres: Cven aq
ramdenic ginda gvikiTxe leqcia, gareT xar saWiroo da me davTanx-
mdi eTerSi gasvlaze. roca televiziidan movidnen saaTnaxevari
mawvales, rom rogorme maT sasargeblod melaparaka, magram ver
gavumarTle, vesaubrebodi merab xaCiZes. bolos gamomiSves da
dResac vdgevar Cemi marTali xalxis samsaxurSi.
TviTmxilveli
2 Tebervals wavedi mitingze. mitingi daniSnuli iyo vagzlis
moedanze, romelic mimdinareobda daaxloebiT 2 saaTi. Semdeg wave-
diT manifestaciiT Tamar mefis quCiT cirkisaken. xidze, rom gadave-
diT, ferdobebidan atyda srola. jer SevCerdiT, Semdeg CavimuxleT.
srola ar SeCerebula. wina rigebidan daWrilebi gamohyavdaT da
manqanebs aCerebdnen xidis qveS gamaval gzaze, rom daWrilebi ga-
daerCinaT. xalxi movgrovdiT da wamovediT ukan daviT aRmaSeneblis
quCaze. rodesac marjaniSvilis metrosTan movediT, winidan dagvax-
vedres beteeri, saxlis saxuravebidan ki dagviSines tyviebi, dawioke-
bulma xalxma Tavi ezoebsa da metros Seafara, magram avtomatianebi
ezoebSic Secvivdnen da esrodnen xalxs. Zalian bevri daiWres met-
ros SesasvlelSi. winidan beeteeriT dasdevdnen xalxs. am dRes ori
iqve gardaicvala, xuTi kaci ori dRis Semdeg. es iyo namdvilad
genocidi qarTvelebisa, romelic gagrZelda daaxloebiT erT saaTs.
m. y. pedagogi.
naTela parmenis asuli TavaZe

mcx. q. rusTavi. mesxiSvilis I gasas. №7–11
myavs meuRle, siZe, qaliSvili, vmuSaob qalaq rusTavis cxovel-
Ta daavadebasTan mebrZol sadgur №2, bazris vet. laboratoriaSi
laborantad.
867
1991 wlis 22 dekembers, daaxloebiT aTis naxevrisaTvis mTav-
robis saxlis win mdgom xalxs opoziciam gagvixsna cecxli. pir-
veli gasrolisTanave daviWeri marjvena xelSi. pirveli daxmare-
ba gamiwies mTavrobis saxlSi. sam saaTze cota SeCerda srola da
kuTxe-kuTxe gavediT Tavisuflebis metrosTan, ase mivaRwie sax-
lamde daWrilma.
1992 wlis 2 Tebervals viyavi sadguris moedanze mitingze.
mitingis mere gavemarTeT Tamar mefis gamziriT cirkisaken. ar
misuli cirkTan, ferdobebidan agvitexes srola gvardiis Sei-
araRebulma meomrebma. win wasvla ar SegveZlo, ganuwyvetliv is-
rodnen. srola gagrZelda daaxloebiT 15 wuTs. esrodnen pirda-
pir xalxs, daiWra ramodenime kaci, ori ukve mkvdari iyo. win
wasvlas azri aRar hqonda. SevikribeT dafantuli xalxi da wamove-
diT ukan daviT aRmaSeneblis gamzirze. wamovediT im azriT, rom
gveTqva xalxisaTvis, Tu rogori „demokratebi“ movidnen saTaveSi,
sisxliT da maxviliT. marjaniSvilis metrosTan rom mivediT isev
atyda srola. isrodnen maRali saxlis saxuravebidan. daiWra ua-
mravi xalxi. isev awiokdnen, Sevardnen ezoebSi, metroSi, me Sevedi
metroSi, radganac axlos viyavi metros SenobasTan da gaviqeci.
xalxma gadaTela erTmaneTi. daiWires xalxi, visac miswvdebodnen
qali iyo Tu kaci, ar uwevdnen angariSs. yvelas tenidnen manqa-
nebSi.
l. m. teqnologi
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 2 Tebervals rogorc yovelTvis me da Cemi Zma wave-
diT mitingze vagzlis moedanze. metro „samedicino institutTan“
matarebeli gaCerda da gamogvicxades, rom metroSi deni ar aris
da Semadgenloba vagzlis moednamde ver wavao. qalaqSi gasasvleli
karebi Cagviketes, arc miwis zemoT ar gviSvebdnen. didi Cxubisa
da davidarabis Semdeg, nawilma movaxerxeT zemoT amosvla. met-
ros TanamSromel qals vkiTxe, rodesac boqlomiT ketavda qalaqSi
gasasvlels, Tu ras niSnavda maTi es saqcieli (qali Zalian kar-
gad davimaxsovre) gangvicxada rusulad: „wadiT da gamsaxurdias
868
hkiTxeT, bankebi rom gaZarcvao“.
metro „samedicino institutidan“ fexiT CavediT vagzlis
moedanamde. bavSvTa samyarosTan gasasvleli avtobusebiT iyo Cax-
ergili da idga milicielebis jaWvi. xalxs ar uSvebdnen vagzlamde.
me da Cemi Zma gamoveyaviT xalxs da ganvagrZeT gza, milicias didi
winaaRmdegoba ar gauwevia. pirveli saaTi dawyebuli iyo, roca mit-
ingze mivediT. miuxedavad didi winaaRmdegobisa xalxi mainc bevri
mogrovda. manifestacia daiZra gmirTa moednisaken. iyo mowodebe-
bi „aranair provokacias ar wamoegoT, Cven varT mSvidobiani mani-
festacia, romelic moiTxovs prezidentis dabrunebas. manifestaci-
is medroSeebi, rom miuaxlovdnen cirkis salaroebs, me am dros
viyavi cirkTan axlos, Tamar mefis xidis boloSi gaisma kanti-kun-
tad srola, amas mohyva wylis didi Wavli. Cven mainc win miviwevdiT.
daiwyo avtomatebis ganuwyveteli kakani. vnaxe Cems Tvalwin rogor
moarbeninebdnen daWrilebs. Cemi TvaliT vnaxe sami daWrili. Cemma
Zmam Tavisi TvaliT naxa 14-15 wlis biWi, romelic dacxriluli iyo
tyviebiT. SeSinebuli xalxi SemovbrundiT da gavemarTeT aRmaSene-
blis gamzirze SeZaxilebiT: mkvlelebo, banditebo, iyo wivili, ti-
rili, godeba... mamakacebs dana pirs ar uxsnida. qarTveli korespon-
denti, ulvaSebiani kaci yvelafers iRebda videoze. aRmaSeneblis
gamziridan gadavuxvieT marjaniSvilis Teatrisaken... Teatris Seno-
basTan manifestacia SeCerda. vikiTxe ra moxda–meTqi. mipasuxes: win
ori beteeriao. mSvidobianma manifestantebma mosTxova medroSeebs
gzis gagrZeleba rusTavelis gamzirisaken. gadavdgiT Tu ara ra-
modenime manZili, atyda saSineli srola. xalxis talRam piri ibru-
na da gaiqca marjaniSvilis metrosken. Cems Tvalwin oTxi daWrili
biWi gamoarbenines. erTs tyvia safeTqelSi hqonda moxvedrili...
dagvedevna beteerebi. me da Cemi Zma iZulebuli gavxdiT gamovq-
ceuliyaviT metro marjaniSvilisaken. tyviebis sroliT gvsdevd-
nen, xarxariT nadirobdnen Cvenze. TiTqmis yvelani axalgazrdebi
iyvnen. zogs niRabi hqonda afarebuli, arasodes damaviwydeba maTi
saxeebi. meore dRes sam Tebervals Cems Zmas daxvda win korpusSi
mcxovrebi, mravaljer nasamarTlevi qurdi da narkomani nacnobi da
gaafrTxila: kidev, rom gnaxo zviadis mitingze, Sens Tavs daabrale
rac mogivao.
l. m.
6.02.92 w.
869
a. w. 2 Tebervals vagzlis moedanze Catarda mravalaTasiani
mitingi. mitingi rogorc yovelTvis iyo mSvidobiani. momitingeTa
moTxovna iyo samarTlis aRdgena, kanonieri prezidentis mxardaW-
era da politpatimrebis gaTavisufleba. 1992 wlis 30 ianvars sax-
lidan aiyvanes universitetis qimiis fakultetis docenti moris
museriZe da zurab metreveli. mitingis damTavrebis Semdeg war-
movTqviT locva erTad da Semdeg manifestacia gaemarTa sadguris
quCidan telecentris mimarTulebiT. manifestacias win miuZRod-
nen didi xis jvariT axalgazrdebi da mamakacebi. mTeli mitingebis
dros yvela gvafrTxilebda, rom provokacias ar wamovgebodiT,
vinmes SeZaxilze da sxva raime qmedebaze pasuxi ar gagveca (ase-
Ti SemTxvevebi ki arc Tu iSviaTad iyo). me kolonis TiTqmis
pirvel nawilSi viyavi. xidze rom gavediT, cirkis irgvliv mde-
bare xeivanSi da xelmarjvniv ferdobze avtomatiani axalgazrde-
bi SevniSneT da umal gaisma pirveli gasrola. me TiTqmis yvela
mitingis monawile var, magram mainc ar gvegona rom gvesrodnen.
Tan xalxi iyo Zalian bevri (daaxloebiT 100.000 kaci). win gza iyo
gadaxergili avtobusebiT da troleibusebiT. xalxma Tqva, modiT
es avtobusi xeliT gadavagoroT, rom gza gavikvlioTo (ase iyo
wina dRis manifestaciis dros, avtobusebi gadaayena xalxma da ise
SevediT mTavrobis saxlis winamdebare teritoriaze). magram amis
ganxorcielebas Turme bedi ar ewera. uceb moisma avtobusebidan
avtomatis jeri da yvela CavjeqiT. viRacam iyvira: xalxo ade-
qiT Cveni daSineba da daCoqeba undaTo, magram uceb Cems gverdiT
mocelili daeca axalgazrda biWi. xalxi roca miscvivda da maT
Soris mec, mas ukve sicocxlis niSanwyali ar etyoboda. gaiyvanes
sanapiroze Camavali gziT. atyda saSineli gangaSi. movixede da
kidev viRac daWrili davinaxe. tyviebis kakani isev grZeldeboda
ganuwyvetliv. isrodnen umisamarTod da imaT saxeebze siamovnebas
amoikiTxavdiT, rom amdeni uiaraRo xalxi maT TvalSi ubadrukad
gamoviyurebodiT. me cota ukan davixie imitom, rom ukan megule-
boda Cemi Zma ori Svilis mama da davuwye mas Zebna. albaT saxe ise
mqonda SeSlili, rom Zlivs micno Cemma megobarma.
1992 wlis or Tebervals daaxloebiT 12 saaTze rkinigzis sadgu-
ridan mSvidobiani manifestacia daiZra Tamar mefis gamziris mimar-
TulebiT, romelSic monawileobda daaxloebiT 150–180 aTasi adamiani.
870
cirkTan akademiis Sesaxvevs, rom gavcdiT gzis orive mxridan
buCqebidan da winidan agvitexes srola. darbevis dros iqve gar-
daicvala axalgazrda biWi, romelsac muxlis areSi moxvda tyvia.
vnaxe ori daWrili. erTs xelidan sdioda sisxli, meores ki fexidan.
manifestacia gavagrZeleT daviT aRmaSeneblis mimarTulebiT.
marjaniSvilis Teatrs da univermaRs, rom mivuaxlovdiT iqac
dagvxvda beteeri da atvomatianebi. agvitexes srola. gvesrodnen
gaSmagebiT. iZulebuli gavxdiT ezoebSi da sadarbazoebSi Segve-
farebia Tavi. leningradis quCaze sadarbazoebSi Semoiyvanes ori
axalgazrda fexebSi daWrili, romlebmac ganacxades, beteerSi, rom
miaTrevdnen gogonas mas mieSvelnen dasacavad, SeiaraRebulebma ki
isini fexebSi daWres. am daWrilebis fexebidan nadeni sisxlis gube
idga sadarbazos SesasvlelTan. sadarbazoSi Sefarebulebma daax-
loebiT erTi saaTi davyaviT.
o. e. Tbilisi
1992 w. 4 Tebervali
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis 2 Tebervals viyavi sadguris moedanze mitingze. aq
Seikriba 200 aTasamde kaci. mTavrobam Caketa metro, raTa xalxi
ar mosuliyo mitingze, magram xalxi mainc movida. milicia ecada,
rom sadguris moedanze xalxi ar Sesuliyo, magram ar gamouvidaT.
verafriT SeaCeres xalxis mosvla. manifestacia msvlelobiT wav-
ida Tamar mefis gamziriT. cirkTan wina mxridan gza Cagviketes
wylis manqaniT da avtomatianma jalaTebma. am dros ferdobebidan
gaisma srola, jer kanti-kuntad, Semdeg ki xSiri srola. ferdo-
bebze vxedavdiT avtomanqanebs, romlebic gvesrodnen. wina rigeb-
Si daiWra uamravi, adgilze mokvda ori kaci. aqedan erTi bavSvi,
Semdeg or dReSi gardaicvala 5 mZimed daWrili kaci. xalxidan
ar yofila araviTari gasrola. srola iyo ferdobebidan. Semdeg
xalxi davbrundiT da SevgrovdiT kinostudiasTan da wavediT
daviT aRmaSeneblis gamziriT. vambob da vadastureb, rom mitin-
gic da msvlelobac iyo mSvidobiani. araviTari srola ar yofi-
la xalxidan. roca mivediT marjaniSvilis metrosTan agvitexes
srola yvela mxridan. isrodnen moedanze saxlis saxuravebidan,
isrodnen beteeridan, romelic idga marjaniSvilis quCaze, isrod-
871
nen avtomatebidan, karabinebidan. me sxvebTan erTad Tavi Sevafare
„medteqnikis“ maRaziis ezoSi – mobinadris binaSi. samzareuloSi
viyaviT asamde kaci. es ezo gadis kamos quCaze. ezoSi Semovardnen
avtomatianebi da isrodnen yvela mimarTulebiT. maT icodnen, rom
xalxi iyo Sefarebuli ezoSi da amitom Semogvdies. ezoSi daWres
ramdenime kaci. xalxs Sesdies metroSi da iqac daWres. es sazare-
li omi, qarTvelTa xocva gagrZelda mTeli saaTis ganmavlobaSi.
daixoca da daiWra uamravi axalgazrda. amas sCadis tankiT mosu-
li sisxliani mTavroba. televizia Sxams da gesls anTxevs. xalxs
aRar gvinda qarTuli televizia. isini xmas ar iReben qarTvelTa
xocvaze. me vTvli, rom televiziam uRalata mSromel xalxs. igi
xels uwyobs maT terorsa da xocvaSi. maT arc ki gamoacxades, Tu
vin aris daWrili da daxocili, raTa patronebs advilad enaxaT, 2
Tebervlis saRamos televizia simRerebs da cekvebs gadmoscemda.
r. p. inJiner-qimikosi
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis or Tebervals axloblebTan erTad gavedi rkinig-
zis sadgurze, sadac mimdinareobda mitingi. mitingze Semagvianda,
radgan metros sadguri „vagzlis moedani“ daketili iyo, mivedi
pirvel saaTisaTvis. mitingis damTavrebis Semdeg daiwyo sapro-
testo msvleloba da gavediT Tamar mefis prospeqtiT, gaviareT
xidi da mivadeqiT cirks. gza gadaketili iyo avtobusebiT, maT
ukan ki beteeri da saxanZro manqana idga. msvleloba SeCerda,
cirkis ferdobebidan daiwyes jer kanti-kunti srola, xalxma sa-
pasuxod taSi daukra, Semdeg wamovida wylis Wavli da TiTqmis maS-
inve gaisma avtomatebis jeri. xalxi Caicucqa, Semdeg isev avdeqiT
isev wamovida avtomatis jeri, xalxi isev Cacucqda. me ramodenime
wams fexze videqi da davinaxe Tu rogor Caikuznen axali „mTavro-
bis“ damcveli iaraRiani „vaJkacebi“ da ise daiwyes rola, romel-
ic aRar wydeboda. xalxma xidisken daiwyo ukusvla. Cems Tvalwin
miarbeninebdnen daWrilebs. xidze msubuqi manqanebi gadmovidnen.
svavdnen daWrilebs manqanebSi da mihyavdaT. srolam naxevar saaTs
gastana. xalxi moedanze Sejgufda, Semdeg daviZariT aRmaSeneblis
prospeqtisaken. marjaniSvilis metros midamoebSi daiwyo srola.
isrodnen avtomatebidan da beteerebidan. xalxi ifanteboda, ma-
872
gram srola ar Sewyvetila. wavida nadiroba uiaraRo xalxze. Cems
Tvalwin ramodenime adamiani daeca. rogorRac movaxerxeT rome-
liRac ezoSi Sesvla da sadarbazoebSi SevvardiT. ocdaaTi kaci
mainc viqnebodiT. Semdeg viRac RvTisnierma binaSi SegviSva. iq
erTi saaTi davyaviT. ismoda ganuwyveteli srola. rodesac srola
cota xniT Sewyda gareT gamovediT da metrosken gavuyeviT. met-
ros minebi ramodenime adgilas dacxriluli iyo. ori daWrili
iqac vnaxe. Semdeg isev daiwyo srola da iZulebuli gavxdiT eqska-
vatoriT dabla CavsuliyaviT.
m. p.
6 Tebervali 1992 w.

kviras, 1992 wlis or Tebervals, dRis 11 saaTze mitingi iyo
daniSnuli, yoveldRe vagzlis moedanze kanonieri xelisuflebisa
da prezidentis mxardamWeri mitingi imarTeboda. vagzlis moednis
metrodan rogorc ki amovedi, metro Caketes, iqve milicionerTa
kordoni damxvda. moedanze javSantransportiori da avtobusebi
idga. mitingi mainc tardeboda mopirdapire mxares. faqtobrivad
transporti gaaCeres da ar uSvebdnen vagzlisaken. xalxi fexiT
mainc modioda... me pirdapir jiqur wavedi milicielebisaken. maT
gza damiTmes, araferi uTqvamT da gamatares. momitingeebs SevuerT-
di. mitingze gamomsvlelebma mivmarTeT milicias, gza gaexsnaT da
SeveSviT moedanze. sadgurze bevri xalxi idga da ver veteodiT.
xalxi miliciisaken wavida. maT winaaRmdegoba ar gauweviaT da Seve-
diT moedanze. xalxi jguf-jgufad fexiT modioda da mTeli moedani
xalxiT gaivso (iqneboda mainc 100.000-ze meti). movismineT informa-
ciebi, radgan absoliturad dezinformacias gvawvdida televizia da
radio, simarTles ar eubneboda xalxs, aq ki simarTles vgebulob-
diT. mitingi demonstraciad gadaiqca da wavediT Tamaris quCiT
cirkisaken. winaswar marSruts ar ambobdnen, radgan gvardielebi, Tu
mxedrioni, an ufro sworad raRac bandebi Tavs gvesxmodnen, gzas
gviketavdnen da gvesrodnen. didubis metrosTan da delisTan maT
daWres mravali da mokles momitingeebi. rogorc ki Tamaris xidze
gavediT manifestacia SeCerda. wamovida wyli Wavli da wina rigeb-
Si dasveldnen. Cven mainc ar davixieT. amas mohyva srola da alyaSi
873
aRmovCndiT. cirkidan Seuwyveteli srola daiwyo, Cven CavsxediT da
taSiT SevxvdiT barbarosTa Semotevas. uceb xma gaisma xalxs esvria-
no. daviSaleT. Cems Tvalwin viRac biWi mohyavdaT kacebs. mgoni ukve
cocxali aRar iyo. nel–nela viwyeT ukan daxeva. xidTan SevCerdiT.
ramodenime kacma xis totebis mtvreva daiwyo, sakaces akeTebdnen.
vnaxe moxuci, romelsac mTeli muxli sisxliT hqonda mosvrili.
sanapiroze saswrafo gamoCnda. Cems Tvalwin sami daWrili gaiyvanes,
erTi mgoni gardacvlili iyo. Zalian axalgazrda iyo. Cven kinostu-
diis moedanTan SevCerdiT da male marjaniSvilis moednisaken aviReT
gezi. iqidan elbaqiZis xidze unda gadavsuliyaviT. rogorc ki gave-
diT marjaniSvilis moedanze da CavuxvieT xidisaken, atyda saSineli
srola. gamovarda brone-transportiori da daiwyo saSineli xoc-
va-Jleta. Cven gavifanteT. zogi sad Sevarda, zogi sad. taqsiT mo-
vardnen 18-20 wlis avtomatebiT SeiaraRebuli biWebi da ganukiTxa-
vad daiwyes srola. metroSi daWres biWi. me metrodan vuyurebdi
Tu rogor gacofebulebi uSendnen xalxs. mTeli saaTi trialebda
beteeri, ismoda ganuwyveteli srola, xalxSi panika atyda. metroSi
uamravi xalxi mogrovda, gulwasul adamianebs asulierebdnen. Zlivs
SevaRwie vagonSi da gaognebuli wavedi saxlisaken.
n. c.
TviTmxiveli
1992 wlis 2 Tebervals sadgur „vagzlis moedanze“ gaimar-
Ta kanonieri mTavrobis mxardamWeri mitingi. mitingi mravalaTa-
siani da mSvidobiani iyo. daaxloebiT erT saaTiani sainformacio
mitingis Catarebis Semdeg, gadavwyviteT mSvidobiani msvleloba da
daviZariT. momitingeebs unda gaevlo gmirTa moedani, saidanac Cven
gavidodiT rusTavelis gamzirze, pativs mivagebdiT mTavrobis sa-
saxlesTan daRupulebs da gadavinacvlebdiT cekas SenobasTan, sad-
ac Cven mogvqonda kanonieri moTxovnebi da saidanac amis gamo cota
xnis win gagvimaspinZldnen wylis WavliT. gmirTa moedanze Sesvla
ver movaswariT, xalxs win gadaeRoba saxanZro manqana, romelmac
wylis Wavli amouSva. am manqanis ukan idga avtomatianTa mTeli
jari, uceb gverdebidan (iq aris mcenareebiT dafaruli dabali
klde) gaixsna cecxli, xalxi dabla cvioda. winidan saxanZro manqa-
nac gaiyvanes da avtomatianebmac daiwyes srola. tyviebi yurebSi
gvizuzunebda. aSkara gaxda, rom srola ar iyo gamafrTxilebeli,
daixoca da daiWra xalxi. daWrilebi ver mivatoveT, moxerxda manqa-
874
nebis Semoyvana daWrilebis gasayvanad. esrodnen manqanebs samive
mxridan. gasaqcevad darCa erTaderTi gza, davixieT ukan. ar davi-
SaleT, SevikribeT bankis SenobasTan da gavagrZeleT svla daviT
aRmaSeneblis proespeqtisaken. xalxs saxe SiSisagan SeSlili hqon-
daT, magram mainc davimSvideT Tavebi da ganvagrZeT mSvidobiani
msvleloba. Cvvens Soris ar iyo arcerTi SeiaraRebuli, gavuxvieT
marjaniSvilis Teatrisaken, saidanac dagegmili iyo xidze gadasv-
la rusTavelze. uceb gamoqanda ramodenime Savi manqana, saidanac
gvesrodnen marjaniSvilis Teatridanac, gasaqcevi aRar iyo. oTxive
mxridan gvesrodnen, alyaSi viyaviT, isrodnen gametebiT. rogorc
iqna gamoinaxa gza metrosken, gavrbodiT, mogvsdevdnen, xalxis naw-
ilma metros Seafara Tavi, iqac Seucvivdnen da esroles. daiWra
bevri. Cven metros mopirdapire mxares gaviqeciT. srola iseTi iyo,
rom SiSisagan amxanagi qali davkarge. Sevecade mis Zebnas, magram
amaod. mec gaviqeci. SevvardiT erT-erT ezoSi, iqac Semogvyvnen
da gvesrodnen. me movaxerxe erT-erT saxlSi Sevardna. am saxlSi
Zalian bevr adamians Seefarebina Tavi. im saxlSic isrodnen. SiSisa-
gan saxlis tualetSi Sevvardi da Cemi megobari qalic am tualetSi
vipove. Cven SiSisagan vcaxcaxebdiT. garedan gvesmoda srolis xma,
viRac Semovarda da daiZaxa beteerebidanac gvesvriano. es iyo nam-
dvili omi, omi, romelic mxolod kinoebSi minaxavs. gvindoda saxl-
idan gamosvla, magram srola ar wydeboda. ramodenime xnis Semdeg,
roca srola miwynarda, vuTxari Cems megobars, rom rogorme aqedan
gavsuliyaviT, radgan saxlis patroni kategoriulad moiTxovda bi-
nis datovebas. Tqveni gulisaTvis Cvenc gvesvriano. Zalauneburad
gamovediT. me da Cems megobars ukan agvedevna niRbiani kaci, rome-
lic avtomatmomarjvebuli mogvyveboda. Cven SegveSinda da SevediT
kidev erT saxlSi, romelic iqve axlos mdebareobda. aqac uamravi
TavSefarebuli dagvixvda.
unda aRiniSnos, rom es darbeva gamoirCeoda gansakuTrebuli
sisastikiT im darbevebisagan, romelic maT ukve bevrjer ganaxor-
cieles. vfiqrob isini SeSindnen imiT, rom Cveni mitingebi yovel-
dRe izrdeboda da im dRisaTvis miaRwia daaxloebiT 200 aTasze
mets. msgavsi mitingebi tardeboda saqarTvelos mTel teritori-
aze, sadac pasuxobdnen igive meTodebiT.
o. l. diasaxlisi
875
kviras, 2 Tebervals rkinigzis sadgurze daniSnuli iyo preziden-
tis da kanonieri mTavrobis mxardamWeri mitingi. sadguris metrodan
amovedi daaxloebiT 11 saaTisTvis. metros SesasvlelSi uamravi
xalxi mogrovda. metro „sadguris“ gareT idga milicia, romelic
xalxs akavebda, zemodan gasasvleli Caketili iyo. xalxs ar aZle-
vdnen saSualebas mogroviliyvnen rkinigzis sadguris wina moedanze
da CaetarebinaT mitingi. sadguris wina moedani savse iyo miliciiT.
mitingis mopirdapire mxares idga xalxi da ismoda gamomsvlelebis
xma. gadavwyvite gadavsuliyavi da SeverTebodi xalxs, milicia aSka-
ra winaaRmdegobas ar gviwevda, amitom jgufebad mosuli xalxi, maT
Soris mec SevuerTdiT momitingeebs. ramodenime wuTis Semdeg (15–
20 wuTi) sadguris wina moedani miliciisagan gaTavisuflda, xalxma
gaarRvia kordoni da svliT gadavinacvleT sadguris wina moedanze.
xalxi nakadebad, yvela mxridan ganuwyvetlad modioda fexiT. mitin-
gi daiwyo, moiyvanes saxanZro manqana, romelic aqeT-iqiT asxavda
wyals. mitingze gadawyda mogvewyo msvleloba, darbevis saSiSroe-
bis gamo zusti marSruti cnobili ar iyo. movawyveT mSvidobiani
demonstracia SeZaxilebiT: „gaumarjos damoukidebel saqarTvelos“,
„gaumarjos kanonier prezidents da kanonier mTavrobas“.
xalxi mxars uWerda arCevnebSi gamarjvebul prezidents da par-
laments. gzadagza uamravi xalxi SemogvierTda. ase gaviareT gza
cirkis misasvlelamde. daiwyo srola, daviCqoeT, rom tyvia ar mogvx-
vedroda. velodebodiT, rom srola Sewydeboda, magram amaod, srola
gagrZelda, yvelani gavCerdiT. xalxma ukan svla daiwyo maSin, roca
daWrilebi dainaxa. me da Cemi megobari xidisaken wavediT, xidTan
fexSi dadWril xanSiSesul maRal mamakacs fexs uxvevdnen. axalgaz-
rda biWebs, mamakacebs daWrilebi sanapiroze CahyavdaT. davbrun-
diT ukan da aRmaSeneblis gamziriT gavagrZeleT msvleloba, yvelas
egona, rom qalaqis centrSi srolas moeridebodnen. marjaniSvilis
moednamde svla mSvidobianad gagrZelda, marjaniSvilis moedanze
demonstraciam marjaniSvilis Teatrisken Cauxvia. daiwyo srola,
ufro intensiuri, TiTqmis ganuwyvetliv kakanebda avtomati. me adg-
ilidan movwydi da gazeTebis jixurs amovefare, sadac ukve xalxi
iyo mogrovili Tavis Sesafareblad, srola grZeldeboda, mivxvdiT,
rom isini aRar xumrobdnen. cota adgili aRmoCnda Sesafareblad,
tyviebi kedels exleboda. tyviebis zuzunSi me da Cemi megobari Sev-
vardiT saproeqto institutis SenobaSi. yovel wuTSi velodebodiT
876
srolis Sewyvetas, magram isrodnen ganuwyvetliv, moiyvanes javSan-
transportiori, saidanac gadmocvivdnen 17-18 wlis SeiaraRebuli
gvardielebi, zogi formiT, zogi uformoT. SenobaSic Semovidnen.
gavvardiT ezoSi da meore SesasvleliT SevediT imave institutSi.
naxevari saaTis Semdeg iyvires aqac modiano. aavvardiT zemoT, ro-
mel sarTulze aRar maxsovs, me-3 Tu me-4 sarTulze. iqac amovidnen,
xalxs eZebdnen da iqve ahyavdaT. Cvens Tvalwin aiyvanes axalgazrda
biWi da kaci. SevvardiT oTaxSi, sadac remonts akeTebdnen. Semovar-
da gvardieli avtomatiT xelSi, kedels mivekariT. aTamde kaci xmaga-
kmendili videqiT. gvardielma avtomatis moSveriT dagvaTvaliera,
am dros meorec movida, ikiTxa ra xdebao. pirvelma uTxra araferi,
qalebi ariano (videqiT 6 qali da ori mamakaci) gabrunda da wavida.
CamovediT dabla, erTxans albaT naxevari saaTi SevicadeT da bolos
quCaSi gamovediT. srola aRar iyo.
n. m.
TviTmxilveli
1992 wlis or Tebervals viyavi sadguris moedanze preziden-
tis mxardamWer mitingze. iq iyo daaxloebiT 200 aTasze meti kaci.
Semdeg msvlelobiT wavediT sisxliani mTavrobis adgilsamyofe-
lisaken. wina dRiT ufro bevrni viyaviT. roca mivuaxlovdiT
cirks, orive ferdobebidan dagviSines tyviebi avtomatebidan.
vxedavdiT vinc gvesrodnen. saxeebze hqondaT afarebuli, wina mx-
ridan mogviSvires wylis nakadi. mokles 15 wlis biWi, romelsac
droSa ekava da erTi gogoc. daiWra uamravi... dawiokebuli xalxi
kvlav SevikribeT da wavediT daviT aRmaSeneblis gamziriT, roca
mivediT metro „marjaniSvilTan“ dagviSines tyviebi maRali sar-
Tulebidan. beteeridan da manqanebidan. yavdaT manqana taqsi da
Sig ijdnen qudCamofxatulebi da avtomatebis jeriT celavdnen
xalxs. xalxi Sevarda ezoebSi. mec Sevvardi ezoSi, Tavi SevafareT
binebSi, ezoebSic Semovardnen da daWres xalxi. isrodnen wriulad
yvela mimarTulebiT. esrodnen ezoebSi myofTac da imaTac vinc
saxlSi Seafara Tavi. im ezoSi, sadac me viyavi, daiWra sami kaci.
saswrafos Cven TviTon gamovuZaxeT binidan. qarTvelebis xocvis
omi mimdinareobda TiTqmis erTi saaTis ganmavlobaSi. es iyo raRac
saSineleba. isrodnen karabinebidan, beteeridan.
pedagogi l. T.
877
cnobebi dasavleT saqarTvelodan
1. zugdidSi mxedrionisa da gvardielebis Sesvlis Semdeg jaba
ioselianma da gia yaryaraSvilma gamarTes mitingi, sadac adgilo-
briv mosaxleobas mimarTes ase: aqamde TurqeTSi, rom midiodiT
sabozrad, misacemad, axla Cven aq varT da SevZlebT davakmayofi-
loT Tqveni intimuri moTxovnilebebi (cxadia, vulgarul formeb-
Si iyo gakeTebuli es gancxadeba).
2. senakSi quCaSi mimavali fexmZime qali gaaupatiura mxedri-
onis warmomadgenelma (vinaoba zustdeba).
3. filosofiis mecnierebaTa kandidats gazeT „egrisis“ re-
daqtors konstantine Ciqobavas, dRis saaTebSi daadgnen Sei-
araRebuli gvardielebi da mxedrionis mebrZolebi. ezoSi Seiyvanes
satvirTo manqana da saxlidan gaitaces aveji da sursaT-sanovage.
aseve walenjixis raisaavadmyofos mTavar eqims zaur gvasalias
dRis saaTebSi, maTve waarTves sakuTari avtomanqana „niva“.
4. senakSi kooperatiul binaSi cxovrobda caiSis brZolaSi
daRupuli tite dgebuaZe. dakrZalvis dRes, roca procesia raio-
nis centrs miuaxlovda, telegrafis SenobasTan gamoCndnen „qa-
rTveli“ gvardielebi tankebiT, romlebmac daarbies samiaTasiani
procesia.
dasavleT saqarTveloSi gaxmaurebul caiSis brZolebs xelmZ-
Rvanelobda rusis jaris specialistebi (erTi ikarusi rusis ofi-
crebi). siguas mTavrobis erT-erTma gvardielma xalxs auwya: es
rusi samxdroebi ki ar xocaven qarTvelebs, aramed isini arian
specialistebi da daxmarebas uweven mTavrobis jarebso. caiSis
brZolasTan monawileobas Rebulobda rusis jaris samxedro te-
qnika. daqiravebulma rusis jarma gaarRvia zugdidelebis winaaRm-
degoba, moaqcies alyaSi patrioti mebrZolebi. mZimed daWril
tite dgebuaZes, romelic sisxlisagan icleboda, siguas gvard-
ielebma wyalic ki ar miawodes. erT-erTma gvardielma meTaurma
ganacxada: „yvela zviadis momxre ase unda CaZaRldeso“. rodesac
siguas gvardielma erT-erT patriot tyves hkiTxa aseTi moZvele-
buli iaraRiT, rom gvebrZviT ase TavdadebiT netavi dRiurad
ras gixdiano? roca gaigo, rom igi fulis gulisaTvis ar ibrZvis,
gaognebuli darCa. me yoveldRe aTas maneTs mixdian da mpirdebi-
an kidev TbilisSi binas da manqanaso. SeiaraRebulni varT Tana-
medrove iaraRiT da CemTvis sul erTia zviadi iqneba Tu sigua,
878
vinc mets momcems imis mxareze viqnebio.
5. samtrediaSi gamarTul mSvidobiani mitingis Semdeg xalxi
quTaisisaken gaemgzavra, raTa monawileoba mieRo quTaisSi gamar-
Tul mSvidobian mitingSi. quTaisTan axlos arsebul samxedro
aerodromTan, kopitnarTan SeiaraRebulma mopiketeebma SeaCera
mSvidobiani msvleloba. gzis orive mxares ki SeiaraRebuli ru-
sis jarebi idgnen, roca xalxi avtobusebidan Camovida da mopike-
teebs Txova maTTvis neba daerToT quTaisSi Casuliyvnen mSvido-
bian mitingze dasaswrebad, gvardielebma maT tyviebi dauSines. am
incidentis dros daiWra ramodenime kaci. erTi 14-wlis biWi ki
Wrilobebisagan meore dRes gardaicvala. amave dros kopitnaris
aerodromidan afrinda „mug~-is tipis samxedro TviTmfrinavi, ro-
melmac momcelav simaRleze gadaufrina momitingeebs Tavze, ris
Sedegadac haeris talRebis zewolis Sedegad xalxi Zirs dacvivda.
mTeli am procesis manZilze momitingeebs Tavs dastrialebdnen
samxedro vertmfrenebi. miuxedavad amisa xalxi mainc ver daaSines.
mSvidobiani manifestacia gvian Ramemde gagrZelda.
yvela es cnobebi mowodebulia gadmocemiT, vinaidan Tbilisis
SemosasvlelSi dgas samxedro piketi, romelic qalaqSi Semomaval
xalxsa da transports Cxreken da Tu raime upoves qaRaldis na-
glejis an audioCamweris msgavsi, qalaqis komendantis gela lan-
Cavas gankargulebiT, adgilzeve xvreten.
TbilisSi yoveldRiurad imarTeba xalxmravali mitingebi
kanonieri prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias mxardasaWerad, romel-
ic mTavrdeba mxedrionis da gvardiis mxridan SeiaraRebuli dar-
beviT. amis utyuari mowmeebia natyviarebi metros sadgurebSi. am
TavaSvebuli genocidis aRsakveTad, an odnav Sesarbileblad mainc
aucilebelia ucxoeli Jurnalistebis Camosvla TbilisSi.
informaciebi
5 aprili, q. Telavi
kanonieri prezidentis mxardamWers g. e.-s sasroli iaraRis
saxeluris dartymiT Tavi gautexes (sami nakeri aqvs) mxedrionis
liderebma b. miqaZem da s. baxsolianma.
23 maiss kaxeTis rwmunebulma gela goderZiSvilma sastikad
scema Telavis poliklinikis eqims v. a.-s
879
ivnisis Tvis pirvel ricxvebSi g. goderZiSvilis meTaurobiT
mxedrionelebma Camokides da cemiT sikvdilamde miiyvanes valeri
TandilaSvili.
24 ivniss g. goderZiSvilma cemiT mZimed daaSava uzenaesi
sabWos deputati, gurjaanis prefeqti SoTa qitiaSvili.
Telavis raionSi, kondolSi mxedrionis erT–erTi lideri bon-
do CarbaZe avtomatiT xelSi dResac daTareSobs mosaxleobaSi da
sikvdiliT imuqreba nebismieri survilis SeusruleblobisaTvis.
17-18 ivliss Salaurelma mxedrionelma azrTa sxvadasxvaobis
gamo sicocxles gamoasalma RviZli naTesavi.
q. Tbilisis №41-e skolaSi mowveuli maswavlebeli, litera-
turis institutis TanamSromeli izo waqaZe e. w. „zviadistobis“
an sxvagvarad azrovnebis gamo, aRar miiwvies maswavleblad.
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi sagamocdo mimRebi komis-
iebis siebidan, gansakuTrebiT maTematikisa da qarTulis enis spe-
cialobebze prof. Temur xuroZis miTiTebiT amoiRes kanonieri
xelisuflebis momxre pirovnebebi.
informacia
1. TebervalSi e. w. komendantis saaTis dawesebamde gvard-
ielebma mokles 29 wlis xviCa caava da misi ori megobari daWres.
2. martis TveSi mxedrionelebi didZali Tanxis gamoZalvis
mizniT Tavs daesxnen senakSi mcxovreb Wanturiebis ojaxs. mo-
Zaladeebma mamis Tvalwin mokles pedagogi rusiko Wanturia.
3. martSi mSvidobis quCaze qalaq senakSi sakuTari manqaniT
mimaval kote Cakaberias da mis megobrebs gadauara beteerma, kote
Cakaberia adgilzeve gardaicvala. misi Tanamgzavrebi ki samuda-
mod dasaxiCrdnen.
4. 1992 wlis 25 Tebervals qalaq zugdidSi dRisiT–mzisiT de-
dis Tvalwin gvardielebma mokles axalagzrda arqiteqtori goCa
jiqia, dabadebuli 1962 wels. goCas dedam qalbatonma Tamar Ser-
azadaSvilma sTxova gvardiel vaxtang giorgaZes, erTaderTi Svi-
li myavs da ar momiklao. amgvari mudaris miuxedavad dedas Svili
Tvalwin mainc moukls. amave gvardielma vaxtang giorgaZem, aseve
umizezod mokla quCaSi mimavali enuqi Sonia. es garewari mkvleli
880
ikvexnida, Turme: me-18-e megreli movkalio. goCa jiqias mSoblebis
mravalwliani brZola-davebis Semdgom mkvleli vaxtang giorgaZe,
rogorc iqna daapatimres.
5. 29 Tebervals qalaq zugdidSi mokles walenjixeli 21 wlis
sulxan saria, romelsac 6 tyviam gaura sxeulSi, daWres misi ax-
lobeli tariel saria. am mkvlelobis Semswre zugdideli taqsis
mZRoli lado esarTia gamoeqomaga moklules, ris gamoc igic dax-
vrites.
6. ubedureba daatydaT Tavs Cxorowyuel svetlana da karlo
berulavebs. 1992 wlis TebervalSi, maTi vaJs, 19 wlis gia beru-
lavas umizezod gamoedevnen zugdidis erT-erT quCaze „mxedri-
onelebi“ da sadisturad mokles igi.
7. 1992 wlis TebervalSive, Cxorowyus raionis sof. xabumeSi,
„mxedrionelebi“ gasaZarcvad Sin mieWrnen abo guluas. mas Tavs
daesxnen da fuli moTxoves, Tu ar mogvcem, qaliSvils (igi 14 wlis
iyo) gagiupatiurebTo, rogorc ki qaliSvils xeli mohkides, gam-
warebuli mama moZaladeebs eca, igi avtomatis jeriT daxvrites.
8. 1992 wlis 3 aprils, abaSasTan, samTavrobo SenaerTebis
javSantransportiorma gadauara avtomanqanas da Sig CaWeWya 17
wlis keso odiSaria.
9. 1992 wlis 6 aprils walenjixa–squris gzaze mokles saq. re-
spublikis prezidentis piradi mdivani lali maisuraZe.
10. walenjixis raionis qalaq squrSi mxedrionelebma zaur da
meri gabedavebis ojaxze yaCaRuri Tavdasxmis dros mokles maTi
qaliSvili.
11. sofel squrSi gigi kvaracxelias jibeSi revolveri Caudes
da replikaze „megrelebi ar unda gamravldeso“ – gaisroles.
12. walenjixis raionis sofel saCinoSi mokles z. Selias meuR-
le, ori Svilis deda.
13. 30 marts senakSi saprotesto mitingis dros mokles ori
Svilis mama avTo eliava.
14. abaSaSi dacxriles ori Svilis mama elvardi Wkadua.
15. 19 maiss samtrediaSi miliciis kursantebma mokles udana-
Saulo mamuka beqaia.
16. ivlisis dasawyisSi walenjixaSi mokles zaur zarqua, sruli-
ad udanaSaulo ded–mamas gvami ar misces, fuli mosTxoves.
17. walenjixaSi, vaCnaZis quCaze, avtomatebis kondaxebis cemiT
881
suli amoxades 28 wlis b. fifias.
18. senakSi, mxedrionelebi saxlSi Seuvardnen eqim Tamar
gamzardias da mokles igi.
19. xobSi gaCerebaze mdgom, zugdidel (daba zeda eweridan)
genadi bJanavas mimaval manqanidan esroles mxedrionelebma da
mokles.
martvilis raionSi TiTqmis yoveldRe iZarcveba 4–5 ojaxi,

miyavT manqana, itaceben saqonels, adgili aqvs fulis gamo-
Zalvas.
adgilobrivi mosaxleobis gadmocemiT
19.0.1992 w.
1992 wlis 6 ianvars, gia Wanturiasa da vaJa adamias Sei-

araRebulma razmebma, sofel aRaianTan Caxoces zugdidis
batalionis ganiaraRebuli biWebi, romlebic uzenaesi sabWos
Senobidan prezidentTan erTad gamovidnen da samegreloSi
brundebodnen. samegrelosa da samtrediis batalionis wevrebi,
uzenaes sabWoSi sul 400-mde iyo.
abaSis raionis sofel wyemis dRevandeli mdgomareoba

iZarcveba TiTqmis yvela ojaxi. mihyavT saqoneli, manqanebi.
gatacebul iqna luki jalaRonias Svili. iTxovdnen milions. es
pirovneba iyo erT–erTi soflis kolmeurneobis Tavmjdomare.
moqalaqe lukim daakmayofila banditebis moTxovna, riTac ixsna
Tavisi vaJiSvilis sicocxle.
imave sofelSi banditebma roman melias werili Seugdes ojaxSi
da mosTxoves fuli. banditebi werilSi emuqrebodnen Svilis sikv-
diliT. amjeradac banditebis moTxovna dakmayiflda.
amave soflis macxovrebels soxaZe alekos gamoZales fuli,
agreTve wamoiyvanes misi oTxfexa saqoneli.
moqalaqe i. b. 1992 w. 27 ivlisi
882
informacia
sapatriarqos sagareo ganyofilebis mTargmneli vinme dodo....
Sevida patriarqTan da moiTxova „zviadistebis“ gandevna sapatri-
aqodan.
sapatriarqos TanamSromlebi.
Tbilisis wignis fabrikaSi uSiSroebidan movidnen adminis-

traciis TanamSromlebTan da moiTxoves zviadistebis sia.
aprilis TveSi universitetis administraciis TanamSromlebi-
saTvis moitanes Saqari, romelic „zviadistebs“ ar miyides.
universitetis TanamSromlebi
informacia
literaturis muzeumis direqtorma poetma iza orjonikiZem
ganacxada, rom igi daiTxovs yvela TanamSromels da seqtembridan
miiRebs xelSekrulebiT mas, visac saWirod CaTvlis.
Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom man ramodenime xniT adre aR-
niSna, rom „zviadistebisagan“ gawmindavs dawesebulebas – aq ko-
mentari saWiro aRar aris.
muzeumis TanamSromlebi
mogoneba
1991 wlis 21 dekembris im saRamos gvianobamde viyavi mTavrobis
sasaxlesTan. Zalian daZabuli iyo mdgomareoba. avtobusebi gvaS-
orebda Cven da „opozicias“ da maT Tanamoazreebs. maT Soris iyo
Tengiz sigua. isini gvlanZRavdnen, gvemuqrebodnen, gahyvirodnen
„CauSesku – CauSesku“. am dros megafoniT gamoacxades, rom md-
gomareobis ganmuxtvis mizniT Tengiz siguasTan agzavnidnen mis
megobars, Tu ar vcdebi profesors (gvari aRar maxsovs). raRac
imedi gagviCnda, magram, amaod. siguam ginebiT mogvixsenia Cvenc da
Cveni prezidentic da araviTar molaparakebaze ar daTanxmda, ra-
sac Semdeg mohyva kidec qveynis daqceva. sainteresoa, axla mainc
Tu acnobierebs sigua, ra boroteba Caidina. misi brZanebiT yofil
883
cekas SenobasTan mravalaTasian mSvidobian momitingeebs ianvarSi
yinuliviT civi wyali mogviSves. TaviT fexebamde galumpulebi
videqiT, magram arcerTma fexi ar movicvaleT. gamwarebul xalxs
kidev SerCenoda iumoris grZnoba da yviroda: „sigua paJarnik!“
maxsendeba erTic: vagzlis moednidan sabWos quCis gavliT mi-
vediT kolmeurneobis moedanze, iqidan Tavisuflebis moedanze
vapirebdiT asvlas, magram puSkinis quCis dasawyisSi dagvxvdnen
SeiaraRebuli adamianebi da srola agvitexes. adgilze gavSeSdiT.
uceb erT–erTi qalbatoni frTebgaSlili mercxaliviT wavida win
martodmarto. gvegona, esrodnen, magram ver gabedes. Cvenc mi-
vyeviT. es qalbatoni latavra foCiani iyo. madloba mas!
rac Seexeba 2 Tebervals cirkTan, Cems gverdiT yavarjni-
ani, xandazmuli mamakaci modioda, srola rom atyda, asfaltze
davweqiT. vxedavdiT, rogor gamohyavdaT daWril-daxocilebi –
mamakaci gaWirvebiT wamodga, yavarjeni moimarjva da tirilnarevi
xmiT iyvira: „me momkaliT, Tqve arakacebo, am bavSvebs ras erCi-
To?!!“ Semdeg marjaniSvilze wavediT. srola rom dagviwyes, erT
ezoSi SevcvivdiT. qalbatonma kari gagviRo da TxuTmetiode ada-
miani Sin Segviyvana. ezoSi gamavali fanjridan davinaxeT, rogor
misdevdnen sxvebs ezoSi da esrodnen. erTi mamakaci iqve fanjara-
sTan daeca, magram misaSveleblad ver gavediT. Cvens mfarvel qa-
lbatons patara SviliSvili hyavda da karis gaRebis ufleba aRar
mogvca. madloba mas, Torem Cvenc iqve amogvxocavdnen. daWrili
TviTonve waiyvanes, sad – ar vici!
irine qroRliSvili-buxaiZe
1992 wlis 21 dekemberi

me da Cemi meuRle wavediT mTavrobis saxlTan mitingze. mitingi
mihyavda baton avTandil rcxilaZes. sityviT gamomsvlel opozi-
cias mouwodebdnen mSvidobisaken, Serigebisaken, pasuxad iqidan
modioda lanZRva-gineba, TiToeuli gamomsvleli mTavrobis Camog-
debiT imuqreboda. irina sariSvili gaiZaxoda, gamsaxurdia aris
SevardnaZesTan aliansSio, is aucileblad unda CamovagdoTo.
mowinaaRmdegis mxridan avTandil rcxilaZem moiTxova aTi kaci
mosalaparakeblad. iqidan irakli baTiaSvili gadmovida. iraklim
Txova orive mxares, molaparakebis momentSi Cumad yofiliyvnen.
884
Cveni mxare Cumad idga, mowinaaRmdege mxare ar Cerdeboda. mxa-
reebs Soris idga siliT savse didi manqana. opozicionerebma am
manqanis gayvana daapires, avTandil rcxilaZem es rom dainaxa, qa-
lebs gvTxova marcxena mxares gadavsuliyaviT. Cvenc ase moviqeciT.
maT mainc moaxerxes da gaiyvanes is manqana. orive mxare pirispir
aRmoCnda. atyda didi CoCqoli. imaT undodaT provokaciaze wam-
ovegeT. avTandil rcxilaZem gvTxova Cveni mxridan aranairi da-
pirispireba ar yofiliyo. Cvenebi xmas ar iRebdnen. molaparakeba
ar Sedga, radgan baTiaSvilis garda aravin movida, albaT maT mo-
laparakeba ar awyobdaT, radgan omis dawyeba hqondaT ganzraxuli.
me da Cemi meuRle Ramis 12–is naxevarze wamovediT iqidan. me
Cems meuRles vuTxari eseni am saRamos aucileblad srolas autex-
en mTavrobas–meTqi. me maT Soris ramodenime avtomatiani SevniSne.
Cvenebi uiaraRoni iyvnen. marTlac diliT daiwyo omi.
a. a.
TviTmxilveli
me var erT-erTi monawile im mitingebis darbeva–daxvretisa,
romelic ganaxorciela xuntam 1992 wlis ianvar–Tebervlis dReeb-
Si.
SemTxveviT gavige, rom metros sadgur „didubesTan“, 3 ian-
vars 12 saaTze daniSnuli iyo kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardam-
WerTa mitingi. me daniSnul adgilze mivedi 11 saaTsa da 45 wu-
Tze. xalxi ukve Sekrebili iyo. iqneboda aTasi kaci. situaciidan
gamomdinare, Semeqmna STabeWdileba, rom momitingeebi stiqiurad
ikribebodnen, ar Candnen moTaveebi. moulodnelad SemaRlebul
adgilze, metros miwisqveSa gamosasvlelis mxares gamoCnda qal-
batoni m. n. romelmac megafonis gareSe gaxsna mitingi. gaamxneva
xalxi, acnoba putCistebis mier alyaSi moqceuli prezidentisa da
iq myof pirTa mimarTva. sityviT gamovida ramodenime oratori.
yvelam gamoTqva saSiSroeba, rom mosalodnelia mitingis darbeva
SeiaraRebuli putCistTa bandebis mier. momitingeebma erTmaneTs
aRuTqves ar daSliliyvnen. miuxedavad Tovlisa da sicivisa mit-
ings xalxi TandaTan emateboda. xuTiaTas kacamde Seikriba. mou-
lodnelad momitingeTa zurgis mxridan, daaxloebiT 100 metris
daSorebiT gaCerda ori msubuqi avtomanqana. erTi TeTri feris
885
gaz–24 da meore rafi. orive manqanidan gadmocvivdnen SavniRbiani
samoqalaqo tansacmelSi Cacmulni, daaxloebiT 10–11 banditi da
maSinve gaisma SeZaxilebi, rom arc erTi ar daZruliyvnen da Seen-
arCunebinaT simSvide. moulodnelad yovelgvari mowodebis gareSe
yvelam erTiani xmiT SesZaxa: „Zirs xunta“, „banditebo, mkvlele-
bo“. kidev gaisma atvomatebis jeri. tyviebi ukve xalxTan axlos
cvioda, rac imis mimaniSnebeli gaxda, rom banditebi ukve tyviebs
xalxs uSendnen. davinaxe, rogor daeca erTi axalgazrda ymawvi-
li, vfiqrob igi mokles. uiaraRo xalxma dakarga yovelgvari SiSis
grZnoba. momitingeebi SeZaxilebiT – „mkvlelebo“, „banditebo“ –
vekveTeT banditebs. zogma qvas daavlo xeli, zogma agurs, zogma
rkinis naWers da dauwyo srola SavniRbianebs. ismoda avtomatebis
jeriT srola. davinaxe rogor daiWra Suaxnis qali fexebSi da
waiqca. Cems gverdiT waiqca Suaxnis mamakaci, iqve usulod davarda
erTi qalbatonic, cota moSorebiT kidev axalgazrda da Suaxnis
mamakaci, romelsac SublSi moxvda tyvia. xalxi miiWra banditebis
avtomanqanasTan. gaz 24-is mZRolma moaswro manqanis amuSaveba
da Tavisi SeiaraRebuli mkvlelebiT mimalva. rafis daqoqva mZ-
Rolma ver moaswro. gamZvinvarebulma momitingeebma darCenilebs
dauSines qvebi, manqanas Caumtvries minebi. banditebi gadmocvivd-
nen manqanidan. isini kidev apirebdnen tyviis daSenas, magram xalx-
ma ar misca saSualeba. ori ganaiaraRes, waarTves avtomati; mesame
miimala, danarCenebi gauCinardnen. ismoda dakavebulebis mimarT
SeZaxilebi: ar moklaT, meoreni Caqolvas moiTxovdnen. gamoCnda
javSniani manqana, romelSic isxdnen SeiaraRebuli pirebi. isini
acxadebdnen, rom iyvnen miliciis sammarTvelodan. erTi banditi
xalxma Caabara miliciis sammarTvelos aRniSnul TanamSromlebs.
meore, ramodenime kacma waiyvana metros Sesasvlelisaken. yovelive
amas iRebda fotokorespondentebi, rogorc Cveni, aseve ucxoele-
bi. momitingeebi ar cxrebodnen, erTni ambobdnen gaegrZelebinaT
msvleloba wereTlis gamzirze, raTa SeZaxilebiT ecnobebiaT yve-
lasaTvis momxdari faqtis Sesaxeb. meoreni Tavs ikavebdnen da
uazrod Tvlidnen msvlelobis dawyebas. bolos aRelvebul xalxSi
gaimarjva mSvidobiani msvlelobis gagrZelebis azrma. miuxedavad
momxdari saSinelebisa demonstraciaTa ricxvma imata. msvleloba
daiwyo wereTlis gamzirze. gamofenasTan demonstrantebis win gaC-
erda Jigulis tipis avtomanqana, saidanac gadmovida sami SavniRbi-
886
ani banditi da xalxs avtomatebis jeri gauxsna. xalxi Senobebs da
xeebs efareboda. tyviebi yurebTan axlos zuzunebda. CemTan Sori-
axlos qalbatons nikapSi moxvda tyvia da tuCi gauglija. gamoCn-
da didi siswrafiT momavali javSniani manqana, romelSic isxdnen
miliciis sammarTvelos TanamSromlebi. javSniani manqana daejaxa
banditebis Jigulis tipis manqanas, romelic wyobidan gamoiyvana.
SavniRbianebi miimalnen. axalgazrda qali, romelsac droSa eWira
xelSi gamovida prospeqtze da mouwoda xalxs, daZruliyvnen vagz-
lis moednisaken da iq mSvidobianad daSliliyvnen. yvelani mogro-
vda gamziris SuanawilSi da ganagrZes mSvidobiani msvleloba. amas
yvelafers videokamerebiT iRebda ori ucxoeli korespodenti. ro-
gorc xalxisagan Sevityve, avtomatis tyviiT maT kamera dauzianes.
ukve bneldeboda, roca demonstrantebi metro wereTelTan mivid-
nen. metro wereTelsa da dinamos stadions Soris demonstrantebs
isev dauSines avtomatis tyviebi. isroles cremlsadeni yumbare-
bi. medroSe qali daWres. xalxs ar misces msvlelobis saSualeba.
banditebi isrodnen saxlebis saxuravebidan. xalxi iSleboda. zogi
metroSi Cadioda, zogi ezoebSi imaleboda. me saxlSi wamovedi Ta-
vidan bolomde sisxlSi amosvrili, damcirebuli, Seuracxyofili,
moZmisagan ganadgurebuli.
z. asaniSvili
1992 wlis 22 dekembers, diliT 8 saaTsa da 15 wuTze opoziciam
daiwyo Tavdasxma mTavrobis saxlze.
19, 20 da 21 dekembers mdgomareoba Zalian daiZaba. opozicia
modioda da lanZRavda prezidentsa da parlaments. siguam 19–sa da
21 dekembers prezidents uwoda „kurdReli“, „mSiSara“, „matyuara“.
isini modiodnen televiziidan moparuli radiomanqaniT, gvlanZ-
Ravdnen yvelas, vinc iq videqiT. siguas 21 dekembers WiTanavam
mouwoda Serigebisaken, magram amaod. opoziciam Cvens gverdiT md-
gom mRvdelmTavars mama – Tadeoz uwoda „iuda“.
22–Si diliT rvis naxevarze aiyvana opoziciam avTo rcxilaZe
da Casves manqanaSi, Semdeg Caketes metro „Tavisuflebis moedani“.
mTavrobis saxlTan mdgari avtobusebi da kamazebi gaaTria opozi-
ciam saamisod moyvanili manqanebiT. xalxi, romelic Rameebs iq
887
vaTevdiT sami Ramis ganmavlobaSi, SevcvivdiT mTavrobis saxlis
SesasvlelSi da vuTxariT rac moxda, gamovida WeliZe, gvencaZe.
mTeli Rame gvencaZe gvamSvidebda, rom yvelaferi kargad aris,
rom saSiSroeba ar mogvelis da sxva. Semdeg gamovida Sinagani
jaris biWebi, isini daayenes kibeebze uiaraRod. e. i. wina xazi iyo
uiaraRo, Semdeg gamovida gvardiis biWebi, maT yvelas avtomatebi
zeviT hqondaT aSverili da ise idgnen. gvencaZe gamovida da Cav-
ida kibeebze, jer srola ar iyo dawyebuli, me mas kargad vxedav-
di, wavida opoziciis mimarTulebiT, roca srola daiwyo me vide-
qi mTavrobis saxlis svetebis ukan. xalxi Secvivda SesasvlelebSi,
iq Seiqmna sruli qaosi. ukve veRar akontrolebdnen vin Sedioda
mTavrobis saxlSi. me veRar gaviqeci da davrCi svetis ukan, Semdeg
ramdenime xans Sewyda srola da gavixede srolis mimarTulebiT.
davinaxe samxatvro saxlis win mdgomi, mwkrivad ramdenime aTeuli
kaci saTvaleebSi da avtomatebiT, romlebsac avtomatebi hqondaT
gamoSverili, horizontalurad. me Sevbrundi sasaxlisaken, iq vi-
jeqi didxans, daaxloebiT erT saaTze meti. Cveni gvardiis biWebi
iZaxdnen iaraRi ar gvaqvso, Semdeg vnaxe, rom tanki, romelic ezo-
Si idga adgilidan ver daZres, ver aamuSaves, awvebodnen zurgidan,
xolo beteers saxuravi hqonda daSvebuli, aseve eZebdnen tankisT-
vis Tu beteerisTvis zeTs da saliarkas. amoRebuliao – ambobdnen
gvardielebi.
10 saaTsa da 30 wuTze dauSines mTavrobis saxls yumbarebi,
saSineli xma hqonda, megona yurebi gamiskdeboda, roca mtveri gai-
fanta davinaxe prezidentis Sesasvleli, sadac waqceuli iyo aCiko
ramiSvili. me am dros sul marto videqi 50 metris daSorebiT. yum-
barebis srola gaxSirda, ramdenjerme esroles mTavrobis saxls.
12–saaTisaTvis ramodenime qali movida saidanRac da erTi kaci,
maT icodnen gadasasvleli, SevediT SigniT SenobaSi, avediT sul
zemoT da Semdeg ukana mxridan, pirvel sarTulidan gadagvaxtuna
SenobaSi myofma miliciam. Semdeg avediT CitaZis quCaze da Zvel
cekas SenobasTan, iq viyaviT uamravi xalxi. Cven yvelani vxedavdiT
Tu rogor urtyamdnen mTavrobis saxls wina mxridan yumbarebs.
idga saSineli mtveri, cecxlis suni. me da arc Cems gverdiT md-
gomT ar gvinaxavs r. gvencaZis daWra.
r. p. inJineri
aragvispirelis q. №19
888
1992 wlis or Tebervals viyavi sadguris moedanze mitingze.
iq iyo daaxloebiT 300 aTasi kaci. Semdeg msvlelobiT wavediT
„droebiTi mTavrobis“ samyofelisaken, raTa gveTqva, rom gadamd-
gariyvnen. aseTi msvleloba gvqonda pirvel Tebervalsac. es iyo
ukve rigiT me–5 msvleloba sisxlian mTavrobasTan. roca mivediT
cirkTan, gza gadagviRoba saxanZro manqanam da avtomatianebma. isi-
ni isrodnen zeviT, xolo ferdobebidan daiwyes srola pirdapir
xalxze. vxedavdiT kidec rogor gvesrodnen, adgilze mokles bavS-
vi, romelic mamas cirkSi mihyavda da kiserze ejda. mokles iqve
erTi gogona da erTi biWi. daWres uamravi. TiTqmis 15–20 wuTi
gvesrodnen avtomatianebi ferdobebidan, saxeze hqondaT afare-
buli niRbebi. Semdeg awiokebuli xalxi SevgrovdiT kinostudi-
asTan da wavediT daviT aRmaSeneblis gamziriT. roca mivediT met-
ro „marjaniSvilTan“ xalxi gagvyves SuaSi da dagviSines tyviebi,
dagviSines beteeridan, romelic wamovida marjaniSvilis Teatris
teritoriidan. pirdapir xalxze isrodnen maRali saxlebis saxur-
avebidan, karabinebidan da tyviamfrqvevebidan. me Sevvardi ezoSi.
aq iyo uamravi xalxi. Semovardnen ezoSi da isrodnen yvela mimar-
TulebiT. daWres uamravi xalxi. sadac viyaviT im binidan davrekeT
saswrafoSi, raTa waeyvanaT daWrilebi. aseve misdevdnen xalxs sxva
ezoebSic, metroSic. TiTqmis yvelgan, sadac xalxma Tavi Seafara.
iyvnen Cacmulebi Sav Tbil qurTukebSi, Savi Camofxatuli qudeb-
iT. qarTvelebis xocva mimdinareobda TiTqmis mTeli saaTis gan-
mavlvobaSi.
m. v. inJineri
TviTmxilveli
uamravi xalxi movida 2 Tebervals vagzlis moedanze. mitingi
ori saaTis ganmavlobaSi midioda. Semdeg momitingeebi mwyobrad
yovelgvari eqscesebis gareSe davuyeviT sadguris quCas. demon-
straciaSi monawileobdnen, rogorc moxucebi ise axalgazrdebi,
zogs saxlidan bavSvebic hyavdaT wamoyvanili. cirks rom mivuax-
lovdiT manifestaciis ukan movixede, bolo ar uCanda, iqneboda
150 000 kaci. demonstranciis finiSi mTavrobis sasaxle da yofi-
li cekas Senoba unda yofiliyo. momitingeebs hqondaT lozungebi:
889
„moviTxovT kanonierebis aRdgenas“, „gaanTavisufleT politpatim-
rebi“, „qarTveli xalxi TqvenTanaa, batono zviad“, „Zirs sisxliT
mosuli mTavroba“, „Zirs xunta,“ „SevardnaZe iuda“, „Zirs sigua“,
„putCistebo, wadiT saqarTvelodan“, plakatebi iyo warmoeba-or-
ganizaciebidan. isini momitingeebs uerTdebodnen, plakatebi iyo
qarTul, rusul da inglisur enebze Sesrulebuli. mobinadreebi
didi mowonebiT da ovaciebiT gvxvdeboda, saxlebidan gvifri-
alebdnen droSebs, gvikravdnen taSs, haerovan kocnas gvigza-
nidnen. saxanZro manqanis gamoCenamde, xuntis samxedro nawilebi
sadguris quCis mxridan apirebdnen javSniani manqaniT SemoWras.
orjer moadga beteeri xalxs, xalxma aRmarTa cocxali kedeli
da ar misca saSualeba sadguris moedanze Semosvlis da mitingis
darbevisa, amis Semdeg momitingeebma gaaCeres avtobusebi da gada-
ketes sadguris quCidan Semosasvleli gza.
medroSeebi gavidnen sadguris quCaze da neli nabijiT wavidnen
gmirTa moednis mimarTulebiT, msvleloba iyo mSvidobiani da sap-
rotesto, arc erTi lozungi da SeZaxili ar atarebda agresiul
xasiaTs. mivuaxlovdiT gmirTa moedans, gza orvagoniani avtobuse-
biT dagvxvda Caxergili. avtobusebis meore mxares gvardielebi
davinaxeT. xalxi moiTxovda gzis ganTavisuflebas. xalxi aCoCqol-
da, gaismoda SeZaxilebi „mkvlelebo, Zirs sisxliani xunta, saqarT-
velo, saqarTvelo, Zirs SevardnaZe, Zirs sigua“. avtobusebis iqiTa
mxares moadga saxanZro manqana, romelmac demonstrantebs miuSva
wyali. xalxma taSi daukra. am dros gavarda pirveli avtomatis
jeri. me SevniSne, rom fotokorespodentTan mdgari avtomatiani
kacic isroda, igi isroda maRlidan. swored iqidan gamosrolilma
tyviam mokla cirkis mxares avtobusis kuTxeSi mdgari pirovneba,
romelic iq Tavs afarebda. Suaxnis mamakacs xelSi eWira daWrili
bavSvi da mirboda. bavSvi ugonod iyo, iqneboda eqvsi wlis. gr-
Zeldeboda avtomatebis kakani. tyviebi axlos zuzunebda, yvela
nel–nela vixevdiT ukan. or axalgazrdas daWrili mihyavdaT Tam-
aris xidisaken. daWrils nakadad moedineboda sisxli, igive mdgo-
mareobaSi mohyavdaT sxva daWrili, eZebdnen manqanebs daWrilebis
wasayvanad. xalxi aqeT–iqiT awydeboda, ar iyo saSualeba daW-
rilebisaTvis pirveli daxmarebis gawevisa. aRelvebuli momitin-
geebi mogrovda kinostudiasTan, moedanze yvela moiTxovda msv-
lelobis gagrZelebas. Cven msvleloba ganvagrZeT. macxovreblebi
890
fanjrebze da aivnebze iyvnen gadmomdgari. maT saxeebze igrZnobo-
da TanagrZnoba. zogi tiroda, zogi xels gviqnevda, zogi droSas
gvifrialebda. manifestantebma gezi marjaniSvilis quCisaken ai-
Res. rodesac mivuaxlovdiT univermaRs, kvlav atyda avtomatebis
srola, xalxi panikam moicva. Cvensken wamovida beteeri, romlis
tyviebi celavda xalxs, asfaltze sisxlis gubeebi dadga, zogi
daiWra, zogs ukve sicocxlis niSan–wyali aRar etyoboda. xalxi
ezoebSi da maRaziebSi Secvivda, kedel–kedel gamovediT. me Cem
megobarTan erTad gavedi leningradis quCaze. gareT ismoda avto-
matebis da msxvilkalibriani tyviamfrqvevis xma. viRacis ojaxs
SevafareT Tavi sami saaTis ganmavlobaSi.
z. asaniSvili
daWrili 2 Tebervals
yifiani murTazi, 50 wlis
dekember-ianvris cnobili movlenebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi
da kerZod TbilisSi imarTeba prezidentis mxardamWeri mSvido-
biani mitingebi da msvlelobebi, romelic ikrZaleba e. w. samxe-
dro sabWos mier, romelic ar erideba momitingeTa fizikur ga-
nadgurebas, iyeneben cecxlsasrol iaraRs da samxedro teqnikas,
ar eridebian araviTar provokacias sakuTari xalxis mimarT. ase
moxda 1992 wlis 2 Tebervals, rodesac rkinigzis vagzlis win
mdebare moedanze Seikriba xalxi 100 000–mde, romlebic mSvido-
biani msvlelobiT daiZra Tamar mefis gamziriT gmirTa moednis
mimarTulebiT rusTavelis gamzirisaken. cirkis midamoebTan gza
Caxergili iyo avtobusebiT, romlis meore mxares iyo saxanZro
manqana, „btr“-ebi da avtomatianebi. avtomatebiT pirdapir esrod-
nen xalxs. daWrilTa dasaxmareblad Semovidnen saswrafo daxmare-
bis manqanebi. xalxze miuSves wyalic, magram xalxi adgilidan ar
iZroda. me am momentSi viyavi avtobusebTan, romliTac gza iyo
Caxergili, Semdeg daiwyo srola cirkis orTave ferdobidan, Ce-
mTan axlos iyo patara biWi jvriT xelSi, romelic pirveli gas-
rolisTanave daeca. daiWra Cemi amxanagi amira kviwiniZe fexebSi
– 4 adgilas. daviWeri mec muclis areSi areklili tyviiT, Semdeg
xalxi air-dairia. Semdeg SevikribeT da wavediT d. aRmaSeneblis
891
gamziriT, sadac moawyves namdvili qarTvelTa sasaklao. isrod-
nen maRali saxuravis saxuravebidan. xalxi Tavs afarebda maRaz-
iebsa da ezoebs, kinoTeatrebSi, metroSi. xalxs dasdevdnen yvel-
gan – ezoebSi, kinoTeatrebSi. daWrilebTan ar uSvebdnen saswrafo
manqanebs. me videqi marjaniSvilis moedanze gastromTan. avtoma-
tianebs vuTxari ar isroloT-meTqi, maT ki pirdapir mogviSves ce-
cxli. daviWeri meored marcxena xelSi, damemsxvra Zvali da samu-
damod davinvaliddi. rogorc iqna mimiyvanes saavadmyofoSi meore
daWril oTar garsevaniZesTan erTad. isic xelSi iyo daWrili.
m. y. meqanikosi
Tbilisi
s e n a k i
1992 wlis 18 marti
senakSi pirveli saaTisaTvis mitingi iyo daniSnuli kino-Teatr
rusTavelTan. Segrovda daaxloebiT 1000 kacamde.
moulodnelad ori ikarusi gaCerda, saidanac Camovidnen
avtomatianebi, Sav tansacmelSi Cacmulebi, Savi saTvaleebiT.
isini sacxovrebeli saxlis sarTulebze iyurebodnen, Semdeg
daiwyes srola xalxis mimarTulebiT. iginebodnen, xalxs fexdafex
misdevdnen, amogxocavT, suyvelas, cocxals arcerTs ar gagiSveb-
To. xalxi wivil–kiviliT garboda, zogi ecemoda, iyvnen bavSvi-
anebic. dacxriles kino-Teatris Senoba. am areulobaSi, rogorc
Semdeg gavigeT, daiWra sami kaci da gardaicvala erTi. daWrilebs
Soris iyo erTi gogo, romelsac fexebSi esroles dedis win. deda
ucnob axalgazrda biWs esarCleboda, roca dauWres sakuTri Svi-
li. rogorc Semdeg gavigeT, eseni yofilan gia yaryaraSvilis Zmis
jgufis wevrebi.
moqalaqe d. k.
s e n a k i
rodesac TbilisSi samxedro gadatrialeba moxda da iaraRis
ZaliT daamxes saqarTvelos kanonieri xelisufleba senakSic da-
iZaba mdgomareoba. aRelvebuli xalxi yoveldRe mitings awyobda
da moiTxovda kanonieri prezidentisa da xelisuflebis dabrune-
bas. mec protests vucxadebdi xuntas. senakSi „mxedrionis“ ban-
892
debi Semovida, maT aaoxres qalaqi, dabanakdnen qalaqis centr-
Si da yovelive RirsSesaniSnavi Senoba gaanadgures. senakelebi
mitingebs mainc vmarTavdiT, romelsac „mxedrionelebi“ iaraRiT
arbevda. aRelvebuli xalxi saxlSi ver Cerdeboda da quCebSi ga-
modioda. 1992 wlis 13 marts „mxedrionelebma“ daxvrites mitingi,
mokles erTi da daWres xuTi. me Cems nacnob qalbatonTan erTad
wavedi senakis saavadmyofoSi daWrilebis sanaxavad, iseni Zalian
mZime mdgomareobaSi iyvnen. „mxedrionelebis“ Semosvlis gamo sen-
akis mosaxleoba mZime mdgomareobaSi Cavarda, radgan gvZarcvavd-
nen da gvayaCaRebdnen. iyo gaupatiurebis Semzaravi faqtebic.
maswavlebeli l. m.
1992 w. 6 agvisto.
Cveno saTayvanebelo Svilebo, Zmebo, mamuliSvilno!
ar ifiqroT vinaidan Cemi Svilebi Tqvens gverdiT ar arian, Cven

ar vfiqrobdeT, ar vdardobdeT da sulierad TqvenTan ar viyoT.
ufalma mogceT Zala da moTmineba gauZloT im saSinelebas, romelSic
Tqven xarT. gviyvarxarT, vexvewebiT RmerTs Tqvens dRegrZelobas,
Tqven Cveni eris mxsnelebi xarT. me kanonieri xelisuflebis mxardam-
Weri var, romelsac 21 wlis mSvidobiani momitinge giviko rexviaSvi-
li, Cemi Svili momikles 3 ianvars. garwmunebT, rom igi Tqvens rigebs
daamSvenebda Tavisi mamuliSviluri sindisiT da vaJkacobiT. da ai
isev viRac TqvenTaganma (mapatieT Svilebo braldebisTvis) gaisvara
xelebi Cemi Svilis sisxlSi. unugeSoa Cemi mdgomareoba am mxriv da
TqvenTagani Tu vinme aris an dasavleT saqarTveloSi, an TbilisSi
Tanamemamulis sisxliT gasvrili – SegindoT RmerTma!!!
qeds vixri daRupulTa winaSe
da Tqveni mSoblebis winaSe.
erTi ram daimaxsovreT Cemgan
piradad: arc erTi brZaneba ar
amarTlebs mis Semsrulebels,
Tu es brZaneba adamianis mor-
als ewinaaRmdegeba. erTxel gi-
vikos SevTavaze iaraRiT gasvla
mitingze, man ki mipasuxa, ki wa-
viReb, magram vis vesroloo?
893
mapatieT mcire amanaTisaTvis, Cemi givikos gardacvalebis Sem-
deg janmrTeloba Semerya, magram icodeT, rom Tu rame romelimes
dagWirdeT Cemgan daxmarebis mxriv miguleT Tqveni Zmis dedad da
me TqvenTan viqnebi sixarulSic da (garidoT ufalma) gasaWirSic.
miguleT Tqvens dedad, dad! icocxleT biWebo!!! RmerTma mogceT
simarTlis, patiosnebis, erTgulebis, Tavdadebis guli, yuri da
Tvali.
Tqveni Jana deida
giviko rexviaSvilis deda
25.06.92 w. Tbilisi
TviTmxilveli
1991 wlis 4 – oqtombers RamiT viyavi TviTmxilveli im trage-
diisa, romelic moxda 5 oqtombers saqarTvelos parlamentis Se-
nobasTan. Cemi Svili varazi varazaSvili iyo wminda ilia marTlis
sazogadoebis wevri 1987 wlidan. me, deda klara Sedania, yvelanai-
rad vuwyobdi xels varazis da TanavugrZnobdi. viRebdi arCevnebSi
monawileobas, viyavi komisiis wevri 28.X.s, 31 marts da 26 maiss.
saerTod Cemi Svilis gverdiT videqi yovelTvis. me mjeroda vara-
zis simarTlis, patiosnebis, qarTvelobis.
ase, rom 1991 wlis 4.X.-s samsaxuris Semdeg Camovedi mTavro-
bis saxlTan, Cemi Svilic iq iyo. xalxi mravlad iyo, iyo sja-baasi
opoziciis saqcielze. rusTaveli gadaketili iyo lodebiT, agure-
biT, rkinebiT, betonis filebiT, nangrevebiT da sxva. vTxoveT
irakli wereTels gaesufTavebiaT da gaexsnaT gza, magram amaod.
maT daiwyes mitingi, rogorc yovelTvis prezidentis lanZRviT da
parlamentis ginebiTa da moTxovniT: gadadges prezidenti, daiSa-
los parlamenti. yovelnairi sityvebiT mimarTavdnen prezidents
(iuda, CauSesku). maTTan erTad iyvnen: sigua, Sengelaia, Carkviani,
naTaZe, SakiaSvili, orjonikiZe, miqaberiZe. isini miiwevdnen mTav-
robis sasaxlisaken, ejajgurebodnen avtobusebs, romlebic ica-
vda mTavrobis saxls. prezidenti Tavis damcvelebs mouwodebda
ar ayolodnen provokacias. bolos gamovida avTandil rcxilaZe
da vaxtang WiTava. sTxoves maT molaparakeba. T. siguam molapa-
rakebaze uari ganacxada. isev sTxoves, isev kategoriul uarze
iyvnen. Ramis 11 saaTi gaxda. mdgomareoba iZabeboda. Cemma Svilma
mTxova saxlSi wadio, magram ar wamovedi. situacia ufro daiZa-
894
ba. avtobusebs amtvrevdnen, Setevaze gadadiodnen. gaxda 12 saaTi.
prezidenti mouwodebda xalxs simSvidisaken. opozicias, kvlav di-
alogisken. gamovida prezidenti bolos ori biWis amara da daeSva
sasaxlis kibeebze. xalxi telemanqanasTan gadavudeqiT prezidents
da ar gavuSviT, movabruneT. daiwyes srola. dagvayares tyviebis
wvima, darwmunebuli var, rom ori wuTiT adre, rom daewyoT
srola prezidents mogviklavdnen. skolis win xalxi erTmaneTs es-
roda: qvas, rkinas, agurs, kets. dazianda da daimtvra yvelaferi..
bedad aravin daiRupa. iqve iyo saswrafo daxmarebis manqana, uw-
evdnen daxmarebas an mihyavdaT saavadmyofoSi, 4 saaTze srola
isev daiwyes. Cven qalebi SigniT viyaviT prezidentTan. srolis
ganaxlebisTanave gamovedi gareT; radgan Svili karavTan iyo da
me SigniT ver gavCerdebodi. gia tetelaSvili opoziciis tyviam
sasikvdilod daWra. igi Cemma Svilma varazma da samma sxva biWma
kibeze leibze dawvenili amogviyvanes. gia tetelaSvili daiRupa
Cems Tvalwin. 6 saaTsa da 30 wuTze isev daiwyes srola mowodebiT:
„SturmiT aviRoT mTavrobis saxlio“ – prezidentma televiziiT
gaakeTa mowodeba mosaxleobisadmi. TxuTmet wuTSi mogrovda aTi-
aTasobiT adamiani.
me, zemoT mogaxseneT, rom Cem SvilTan erTad sul viyaviT par-
lamentis Senobis win da 22 dekembers iq gaxldiT. situacia iyo
metad daZabuli. ramodenimejer iyo mcdeloba parlamentze Tav-
dasxmis da xalxi ar tovebda iqaurobas. prezidentis momxreebma
Caatares mitingi, romelsac albaT 200 aTasze meti adamiani eswre-
boda. parlamentis mxridan iyo Txovna dialogze wasvlis, magram
sigua CaxleCili xmiT uarobda Sexvedras, lanZRavda prezidents,
flidsa da matyuaras eZaxda. daiqadna, stalinis dabadebis dRes
gamsaxurdias CamovagdebT da SturmiT aviRebT Senobaso. avto-
busebisgan Semosasvleli gzebi gaanTavisufles. parlamenti ve-
rafer zomebs ver iRebda. gaTenda 22 dekemberi, dilis 7 saaTze
opoziciam gaxsna cecxli parlamentis Senobaze. xalxi SeTxelebu-
li iyo, mokles sami adamiani parlamentis win, dafliTes erovnu-
li droSa prezidentis fanjaraze. 8 saaTze Cem Tvalwin daWres
roman gvencaZe msubuqad fexze. gasrola iyo qaSveTidan. pirveli
gasrola swored iqidan iyo. me viyvire uSveleT–meTqi da erTi ax-
algazrda mivida masTan da igi gaiyvana zemoT. 9 saaTisTvis Sewyda
srola. me Senobisken gaviqeci, kibeebze arCil ramiSvili momegeba
895
da SenobaSi Semagdo. TviTon gareT darCa. rom Sevedi varazi Sig-
niT iyo, erTi saaTis Semdeg varazma miTxra: „aCiko daWreso“. me
daWrilebis dasaxmareblad palto gavixade da saswrafod daviwye
Sexvevebi... 11 saaTze varazi aRelvebuli movida da miTxra „deda
aCiko daiRupao“. gaZlierda srola garedan. me da Cemi Svili vi-
yaviT SenobaSi. iWreboda xalxi, vaxvevdiT da saswrafos vawvdidiT
daWrilebs. Sesaxvevi masalac aRar gvqonda.
vxevdiT yvelafers sisxlis SesaCereblad. 10 saaTi iyo. Rame
srola cotaTi Sewynarda. varazi movida da miTxra: „deda wadi Sen
saxlSio“, orive davikargeT da SeSindebiano, me uari vuTxari. aqac
saWiro var-meTqi, ar gamaCera, maSin vuTxari Senc wamodi-meTqi. –
mec wavide, isic wavides, aq viRa darCeso? tyviis qveS gamovedi.
es iyo Cveni bolo saubari. mere Cemi Svili cocxali ar minaxavs.
23 dekembers me isev metrosTan videqi, uzenaesamde ver mivaRwie,
kitovanisa da vaJa adamias tyviebs ver gaveqceodi, isini ganu-
wyvetliv isrodnen, daundoblad angrevdnen Senobebs, swavdnen,
klavdnen. me ki vucdidi moments, raTa momexerxebia Cem Svilamde
misvla. 13 saaTisaTvis, maSin roca me metrosTan videqi, kavSirgab-
mulobis Senobidan nasrol tyvias Cemi varazi moekla... ase dam-
Tavrda 23 dekemberi CemTvis.
klara Sedania
ra moxda 4 oqtombers RamiT

laparakoben TviTmxilvelebi
avTandil metreveli – sanam RamiT is avbediTi sami Setakeba
moxdeboda, daZabuloba, politikurad urTierTdapirispirebuli,
mtrulad ganwyobil qarTvelTa gaTiSuloba, ukve dRiTidRe ga-
moikveTa, roca rusTavelis prospeqtze pirispir mdgari qarT-
velebi lanZRva–ginebiT umaspinZldebodnen erTmaneTs. mitingebic
gaimarTa, dialogis cdac iyo, mTavrobis warmomadgenlebmac miiRes
am saqmeSi monawileoba, magram araferi gamodioda. mowinaaRmdege-
ni sul ufro da ufro win miiwevdnen, mxatvris saxlTanac movid-
nen, magram xalxma prezidentis dacvis mxridan imarjva da gaaZeva.
TiTqos Ramis aTi saaTisaTvis mdgomareoba mogvarda, magram Su-
aRamisas viTareba kvlav gamwvavda. „opozicionerma“ momxdurebma
moiyvanes ori „ikarusi“ da erTi „lazi“. Cvenebma mTavrobis saxlis
896
mxridan ori saxanZro manaqanidan wylis gaSveba scades, magram ver
moaxerxes, am dros gaisma srolis xma, magram romeli mxridan iyo,
ver gavarkvie.
mamia lutiZe – roca Cveni saxanZro manqana ormocdaaTiode
metriT rusTavelis prospeqtisaken wavida, rusTavelis Teatr-
Tan kinoTeatr „spartakTan“ gaisma pistoletis xma kanti–kuntad,
meavtomateTa srolac ismoda, kavSirgabmulobis saxlis kedelma
mixsna, Torem tyvia mec momxvdeboda.
avTandil metreveli – srolis xmaze xalxi garboda. ormoc-
daaTiode kacma rusTavelis metromde vdieT mowinaaRmdeges, Sem-
deg SemovbrundiT da ras vxedavT, prospeqtze isini isev mravlad
iyvnen. Turme, maT Tavi sadarbazoebSi SeefarebinaT, saxlebis sax-
uravebze asuliyvnen, imelis Senobac isev daekavebinaT, gacilebiT
bevrni iyvnen da gvcemes, me tansacmeli Semomaxies, dauzogavad
mirtyamdnen, Tavi Zlivs davaRwie. daaxloebiT sami saaTisaTvis
ukve SeiaraRebulni pirveli skolis ezoSi ikribebodnen, gaisma
avtomatis jeri da Cems gverdiT miwisqveSa gasasvlelis dasawyis-
Si axalgazrda kaci waiqca, megona qvis asaRebad daikuza, radgan
am dros imaTi mxridan qvebs gvesrodnen da Cvenc maT vubruneb-
diT, magram rom aRar gainZra vnaxeT igi aRar sunTqavda. mokluli
mravalSviliani mama, gvarad ediSeraSvili aRmoCnda
roca mdgomareoba daiZaba Cven cotani viyaviT, isini ki sakma-
od bevrni da kargadac SeiaraRebulni. StabSi mivediT da vuTx-
ariT mowinaaRmdegis SesaSineblad javSantransportiorebi gamov-
iyvanoT–meTqi, rasakvirvelia srolas aravin apirebda. asec moxda,
WavWavaZis quCidan ori javSantransportiori Camovida maT kito-
vanis gamogzavnili egonaT da gauxardaT magram mTavrobis saxli-
saken rom wamovida, mixvdnen visic iyo.
vin esrola „saqarTvelos respublikas“

saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dRes, 1992 wlis 26 maiss, roca
yvelafers sazeimo elferi unda hqonoda, amas ver SeniSnavdiT
mozeime xalxis saxeebze. isini gaRizianebulni aixedavdnen caSi
mogugune TviTmfrinavebis xmaze da sinanuliT Tavs gadaaqnevdnen,
vis unda ezeima da vin zeimobso.
xalxis didi nawili filarmoniasTan Seikriba da gadawyvita mer-
897
ab kostavas dabadebis dRes, mTawmindis panTeonisaken wasuliyvnen.
filarmoniidan wamosuli xalxi gamomcemloba „samSoblosTan“ rom
movida, atyda srola, ajiriTdnen manqanebi, SeiWrnen pirdapir
xalxSi, airia yvelaferi, srolisagan yurTasmena aRar iyo. axal-
gazrda, saxeSeSlili biWebi eseselebiviT daerivnen xalxs, abuCad
igdebdnen, TavSi urtyamdnen, lanZRva-ginebiT iklebdnen, raTa je-
ims beikers amdeni gamsaxurdias momxreebi ar daenaxa.
gamomcemloba „samSoblos“ win mdgari iaponuri manqanidan
(№05–26 seria Cgg) gadmoxta samoqalaqo formiani axalgazrda kaci
da daeria mSvidobian momitingeebs. swvda erT-erT moqalaqes cali
xeliT, meoreTi srola atexa. nasrolma tvyiam Senobis meoTxe sar-
Tulze, sadac moTavsebuli iyo gazeTi „saqarTvelos respublika“,
gaxvrita fanjris mina, Tavze gadauara iq mdgom TanamSromel qa-
lebs da daeca kedlis Ziras!
sazeimo sagazeTo nomrebze samorigeod mosuli TanamSromeli
tyvias gadaurCa, magram minis namsxvrevebma fexi dausisxliana.
vin esrola „saqarTvelos respublika?!“
iza jaWvaZe
Jurnalisti, gaz. „saqarTvelos respublikis“ korespodenti
batoni sergi serebriakovi
rusTvelologi, mravalmxrivi
humanitaruli mimarTulebis
mecnieri (1835-1898), didi qa-
rTveli da Tavisda uneburad
politkuri moRvawe!
albaT yvelas gemaxsovre-
baT batoni sergi, serebria-
kovi, maRali, qera, warmosa-
degi, mTasaviT kaci da misi
mgznebare gamosvla prezi-
dent zviad gamsaxurdias
erovnuli, kanonieri xelisuflebis dasacavad. maSin, 1991 wels,
yoveli aseTi ganaTlebuli pirovneba, miT umetes, araqarTuli
898
gvariT, saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobisadmi Tavisi erT-
gulebiT, ruseTis mier saqarTvelos morigi okupaciis dawyebis
win, oqrod fasobda, mamasisxlado, asec SeiZleba vTqvaT.
me da batoni sergi serebriakovi Cveni ojaxebiT mezobel
korpusebSi vcxovrobdiT. misi meuRle nana maTikaSvili, kaxeli
qalbatoni da me davaxlovdiT kidec. situaciam dagvamegobra,
metyoda xolme, Sen da viqtor domuxovskis coli Zalian hgavxarT
erTmaneTso. im qalbatons, uzenaesi sabWos deputatis viqtor
domuxovskis meuRles, qalbaton rusudan kikaliSvils, ar vicnob,
ar Sevxvedrivar, samwuxarod, arasdros...
jorj oruelis erTtomeuli („1984“ и эссе разных лет“, М., 1989")
rusulad swored serebriakovebis ojaxSi vnaxe pirvelad. wigni
ar gamovidoda humanitarul sferoSi axali, pirvelad maTTan ar
gaCeniliyo; maTxoves da wavikiTxe kidec... qalbaton nanas da baton
sergis ori ulamazesi mcirewlovani gogona hyavdaT, cxadia, qar-
Tulad zrdidnen. batoni sergis dawerili Tu redaqtirebuli iyo
SevardnaZis Svilis, paatas, disertacia. erTxel mindoda simar-
Tle gamerkvia piradad maTgan, magram kiTxva ver Sevbede. zogadad
ki, batoni sergis bina gamoZeZgili iyo mavanTa da mavanTa utvino
`CernavikebiT~, baton sergis uwevda xolme maT magivrad wera. Sem-
deg qalbatoni nana emuqreboda im `Cernavikebis~ SemoqmedT, SoTa
rusTavelis saxelobis literaturis institutis TanamSromlebs,
gaRma napirze darCenilT da samecniero xarisxebiT moyelyelaveT,
SevardnaZis klanis wevrebs, gamogiqveynebTo... visxediT erTad, me
da qalbatoni nana, vkiTxulobdiT am sacodaobebs da guls vi-
jerebdiT siciliT. gasarToni maSin sxva arc araferi gvqonda da
javrian gulebs vayolebdiT. albaT, erTgvari SurisZieba iyo Cven-
gan... 1992 wels jer batoni sergi wavida emigraciaSi. wasvlis win
amovida im uSuqobaSi is drouli kaci CemTan, mecxre sarTulze.
maSin Suqze iyo mibmuli telefonebic. surda, guram petriaSvilis
zRaprebis wigni waeRo da eTargmna germanulad... rodesac qalba-
toni nana midioda germaniaSi, vTxove, daetovebina is "margalite-
bi", rac samwuxarod, ver moxerxda... amdeni xani gavida, meoTxedi
saukune da dResac ki Jruantelsa mgvris batoni sergi serebria-
kovis satelevizio mimarTva qarTveli xalxisadmi...
batoni sergi imsaxurebs did qarTvelTa saTvalavSi Sesvlas
– raJden pirvelmowamis, evstaTi mcxeTelis, habosa da msgavTa
899
maT didTa kacTa gverdiT xsenebas. qarTvel xalxs saamayod eqneba,
rom daimsaxura mpyrobeli eris Svilisgan erTguleba da Tavgan-
wirva. samaradisod iyos xseneba misi, batoni sergi serebriakovi-
sa, romelic emigraciaSi gardaicvala da ucxo miwaze, germaniaSi
hpova ZvalTSesalagi...
qeTevan jervaliZe
TviTmxilveli
1991 wlis 4 oqtomberi, paraskevi, Tendeba SabaTis 5 oqtomberi.

qalaqSi situacia Zalian daiZaba. radio da televizia xalxs mTav-
robis saxlTan misvlisaken mouwodebda, rogorc iqna Tavi da-
vaRwie saojaxo saqmeebs da 19 saaTze gavedi mTavrobis saxlTan.
xalxi mogroviliyo, moedani avtobusebiT iyo Semoraguli, opozi-
cia mTavrobis saxlTan mosuliyo da gacxarebuli kamaTobdnen.
ucbad opoziciis mxridan qviSis da ficrebis srola daiwyo. atyda
avtomatebis srolac. mTavrobis saxlis win idga lurji radios
manqana. mTavrobis saxlTan mdgomi gvardielebi haerSi isrodnen,
Tavdamsxmelebi gaifantnen. avtomatis jeriT dacxriluli gamoiy-
vanes prezidentis erTguli damcveli gia tetelaSvili, igi uiara-
Ro iyo. gamohyavdaT agreTve daWril–dasaxiCrebuli xalxi. meore
Seteva igive meTodiT ganaxorcieles. maT avtobusi daZres Cvens
sapirispirod. maT dasaSlelad mTavrobis saxlTan mdgari saxanZ-
ro manqana daiZra, magram mexanZreebma wylis Wavli ver miuSves,
wylis mili sam adgilas gadaWrili aRmoCnda.
megafonidan ismoda mTavrobis saxlTan mdgari mamakacis xma –
gons modiT, Cven ar visvriT, SewyviteT srola! rekda qaSueTis
eklesiidan zari, gonebaareuli opozicia energiulad moiwevda
win. xalxTan gamovida prezidenti da mogvmarTa: – megobrebo, mec
TqvenTan erTad var, carieli xelebiT davudgeT win Cvens gone-
baareul TanamoZmeebso! opoziciam oTxjer ganaxorciela Seteva
mTavrobis saxlTan. diliT rva saaTze gadaRlili da ganadgure-
buli saxlSi davbrundi.
20 dekembers wavedi sofelSi goris raionis sof. ergneTSi
mSoblebTan. gvardielebi, romlebic adgilobriv mosaxleobasTan
erTad qarTul miwa–wyals icavdnen, soflis mosaxleoba morige-
900
obiT vaWmevdiT saWmels (es Cveni soflisaTvis aravis dauvalebia,
TavianTi surviliT akeTebdnen). im dReebSi Cems mSoblebs uwevdaT
morigeoba da mec mindoda pativi meca gvardielebisaTvis. 21–Si
moambem gadmosca, rom opoziciam ieriSi miitana mTavrobis saxl-
ze. im Rames cecxli ar SeuwyvetiaT osebs. isini liaxvis napiridan
gveZaxdnen: qarTvelo, Rorebo, daxoceT erTmaneTi! saqarTvelo
Cven dagvrCebao! kviras Camovedi TbilisSi da maSinve mTavro-
bis saxlisaken gaveSure. iqauroba Cabnelebuli iyo. SeiaraRebul
opozicias daewva pirveli saSualo skola. cecxli ekida mxatvris
saxls. irgvliv sisxlis suni idga. mTavrobis saxlis fanjre-
bidan gamohyavdaT mandilosnebi. me erT–erT maTgans davexmare
gamosvlaSi. – „eh, me ki gamovedi, magram Svili myavs iq da rom
momiklan raRa vqnao,“ – amoigmina mandilosanma. ganadgurebuli
davbrundi saxlSi. vgrZnobdi, rom patiosani qarTveli adamianis
cxovrebas da sicocxles safrTxe emuqreboda. meore dRis rva saa-
Tze samsaxurSi wasvlis magivrad Tavisuflebis moedanze gavedi.
is mandilosani metros vestibulSi davinaxe. is varazi varazaS-
vilis deda qalbatoni klara Sedania aRmoCnda. xalxiT ivseboda
metro, gareT brZola mimdinareobda. srola cota Seneldeboda
Tu ara, es zRva xalxi maSinve daiZreboda mTavrobis saxlisaken,
magram isev welSi moxrilebi ukan brundebodnen. varazis deda
Zalian swuxda. netav rogor arian isini, varazisaTvis erTi Tvali
Semavlebiao, imisaTvis gavzarde Svili, rom qarTvelma momiklaso?
me da qalabtoni klara Tavisuflebis moednidan, centraluri
komitetis avliT, welSi moxrilebi, tyviebis cecxlSi gavemarTeT
CitaZis quCisaken, iqneb rogorme xma migvewvdina iq myofi adami-
anebisaTvis. es iyo jojoxeTuri monakveTi. aq amazrzeni suraTi
vixileT: RamiT samxedroebis tanki dasxmia mTavrobis saxls da
iyo damwvar–daWeWyili manqanebi, daCexili xeebi, sisxlis gubeebi.
erTi samxedro micvalebulis wasayvanad movida saswrafo manqana.
opozicionerebma mas cecxli gauxsnes. is samxedro Celiabinskidan
yofila aryis boTliT.; winsvla SeuZlebeli Seiqmna, Cven wva-
leb-wvalebiT ukan gamovtrialdiT da kvlav metros SevafareT
Tavi. metroSi sroliT Semovarda ori SeiaraRebuli axalgazrda
da Tan xalxs dauwyo lanZRva: aq ras dgexarT, Tqvenio. xalxi es-
kalators miawyda (ZiriTadad qalebi), ramodenime mamakacma gana-
iaraRes isini (avtomati waarTves). ramodenime wuTis Semdeg eqv-
901
si kbilebamde SeiaraRebuli kaci Semovarda metroSi, romlebic
moiTxovdnen CamorTmeuli iaraRis waRebas da Tan uSveri sityve-
biT ilanZRebodnen. maT mohkides erT–erT moqalaqes xeli da
tyved mihyavdaT avtomatis sanacvlod. maT avtomatebi daibrunes.
galina ClaCiZe
TviTmxilveli
7 ianvars gamTeniisas, daaxloebiT 9 saaTisaTvis gaviare dan-
greul rusTavelis gamzirze. brZola damTavrebuli iyo. prospeq-
tze sastumro „TbilisTan“ egdo tanki xeze Sejaxebis Sedegad
dazianebuli. samxatvro galereasTan eyena qvemexi, xolo yofil
oficerTa saxlTan egdo ori damwvari javSantransportiori.
mTavrobis saxlis mxridan tanks buqsirze mohyavda erTi tan-
ki, romelsac axdili hqonda luqebi da garkveviT davinaxe rusi
tankistebi, romlebic marTavdnen rogorc erT, ise meore tanks.
tankebze zevidan isxdnen qarTveli meomari biWebi kitovanis an
ioselianis bandidan.
leri donaZe
TviTmxilveli
me, WeliZe zurabi vcxovrob didubeSi samxedro nawilis me-
zoblad, romelic ganlagebulia eliavas quCaze (kavSirgabmulo-
bis polki). 23 dekembers, daaxloebiT Ramis 1–2 saaTze, gavigone
motorebis xma, ramac gamaRviZa. fanjrebi gamovaRe da davinaxe,
rom garnizonidan gamovidnen javSantransportiorebi an msubuqi
tankebi, rva cali, nomrebi: №№ 001 – 0012, romelnic daabrunes
garnizonSi daaxloebiT imave Ramis 4 saaTze.
aseve ganmeorda 24, 26 da 28 dekembers da 5 ianvars. javSan-
transportiorebi midiodnen mTavrobis sasaxlis mimarTulebiT da
brundebodnen nawilSi imave mxridan.
z. mWedliZe
TviTmxilveli
zaza vaSalomiZe giorgis Ze dab. 1971 w. mcx. Tbilisi, glinkas
q. №1, ucolSvilo, politeqnikuri institutis studenti.
902
22 dekembers diliT dam damireka, mTavrobis saxlis win srole-
bi ariso. daaxloebiT dilis rva saaTis Semdeg gavedi. Cavewere
moxaliseTa jgufSi. mTavrobis sasaxleSi viyavi 6 ianvramde.
prezidentis mowodeba iyo ar yofiliyo srolebi mTavrobis
saxlidan. mas undoda mSvidobiT mogvarebuliyo saqme.
iyo ngreva, msxverpli. ukan ar ixevda SeiaraRebuli banda.
1992 w. 5 ianvars prezidents hqonda CvenTan Sexvedra. man Tqva:
Tu ar gjeraT Cemi, Tu migaCnivarT eris mtrad, maSin Cavbardebio
maT. nebismiers SegiZliaT waxvideT saxlSio. xalxi uklebliv dar-
Ca, prezidentic ar gavuSviT.
me TviTon iaraRi ar mqonda. vicavdi xalxis nebas. 6 ianvars,
Rames Suqebi Caqra. ainTo mbJutavi sinaTle. gamogvicxades rom
mivdivarT. me viyavi pirvel avtobusSi. Cveni avtobusi win wavi-
da, mZRoli mokles. agvitexes srola metexis xidTan. yvela mxri-
dan gvesrodnen. mZRolis adgilas dajda sxva. is cdilobda Cvens
xsnas, magram saburavs esroles, xalxi daixoca, zogi mZimed dai-
Wra. me instiqturad Camovedi, damayares tyviebis setyva. daviWeri
mZimed da davvardi. roca gons movedi Cveni biWebi mpatronobd-
nen. CvenTan iyvnen deputatebic. aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom roca
me pirvel saavadmyofoSi mimiyvanes operaciis gasakeTeblad, am
dros r. gvencaZe saavadmyofoSi gansakuTrebul yuradRebis qveS
imyofeboda, zeimobda da pur-marilobda.
1992 w. 9 maisi
TviTmxilveli
1991 wlis 29 dekembers vimyofebodi profkavSirebis kulturis
sasaxlesTan prezidentis mxardamWer mitingze. mitingi 15–20 wuTis
dawyebuli iqneboda, rodesac moulodnelad atyda srola. momitin-
geebi moulodnelobisagan daibnen da scades profkavSirebis sasax-
leSi SeefarebinaT Tavi. mec vcade maTTan erTad SenobaSi Sevsuli-
yavi. am dros barZayis areSi vigrZeni saSineli dartyma. im wuTas
ver mivxvdi ra moxda. rodesac damrbevebma srola Sewyvites da Savi
gaz–24 gaiqcnen, maSinRa mivxvdi, rom daWrili viyavi. saswrafod wa-
miyvanes respublikur saavadmyofoSi, sadac damimuSaves da gamikeres
Wriloba. yvelaferi es dafiqsirebulia aseve saavadmyofoSi.
m. zambaxiZe
903
29 dekemberi metro „delisTan“
mitingi tardeboda, rom uceb maRazia „santeqnikis“ mxridan mo-
varda Savi volga da daiwyes srola. me videqi pirdapir profkav-
Sirebis saxlis kibeebze, viRacam daiyvira CajeqiTo. xalxi ki Caj-
da, magram srola gagrZelda. mere uceb daZres manqana da gaiqcnen.
daiwyo manifestacia vaJa -fSavelas quCiT, Semdeg mSvidobis gam-
ziriT da movuxvieT sportis sasaxlesTan kostavas quCaze. radgan
pirdapir telestudiasTan ver CavediT (iq avtomanqanebiT iyo
gza gadaketili), mivediT saakaZis ZeglTan, CavediT sanapiroze.
iqidan unda avsuliyaviT Tamar mefis xidze. xidis asasvlelSi
gaisma srolis xma. gza gadaketes rogorc zemoT, ise xidis qveS,
sadac niRbianebi avtomatmomarjvebulebi idgnen. naxevar saaTs
videqiT – ar gagviSves. movbrundiT da gadavediT vaxuStis xidiT
metro „wereTelTan“. iq gaimarTa xanmokle mitingi. mitingis Sem-
deg xalxi mainc SemorCa jguf-jgufad mosaubre. uceb gamoCnda
manqanebi, saidanac daiwyes saSineli srola. iZulebulni gavxdiT
davfantuliyaviT.
g. a
1992 wlis 27 dekembers, ukve mesame dRe iyo, rac mTavrobis
mxardamWer mitings vatarebdiT. vTxoveT universitetis reqtors
roin metrevels gamosuliyo xalxTan da Tavisi pozicia gamoeTq-
va; igi CvenTan ar movida, gavgzavneT delegacia Sinagan saqmeTa
saministroSi, raTa gagvego Tu ras apirebdnen. roca pasuxi ar
movida, Cven TviTon wavediT orTaWalaSi. TiTqmis 10 kilometrze,
albaT 200 aTasiani kaci, mTeli wina moedani saministrosi xalxiT
iyo gadaWedili. sityviT gamovida soso jajaniZe. man Tqva, rom
prezidents ukve miliciac Ralatobs, gansakuTrebiT ki kvantal-
ianio. xalxi iTxovda iaraRs, mogveciT, Cven TviTon davicavT
Cvens prezidentso. Tqves, rom SenobaSi aris Temur qoriZeo da
xabulianio, magram arc erTi xalxTan ar gamosula.
28 dekembers prezidentis mxardamWerni wavediT gldanSi,
miliciis kursantebTan – isini iq Caketili hyavdaT da ar icodnen
ra xdeboda gareT. gamovida viRac dabali Cinis Cinovniki, man Tqva,
rom kvantaliani aq ar aris da rom kursantebi Caebas brZolaSi,
904
amisaTvis saWiroa prezidentis brZanebulebao, rac maT miarTves
meore dResve, magram isini mainc ar amogvidgnen da ar dadgnen
kanonieri mTavrobisa da xalxis gverdiT.
inJineri r. p. aragvispirelis q. №1
TviTmxilveli
es vnaxe 28 dekembrs 1991 wlis, daaxloebiT dilis rva saaTze
rusTavelze Tavisuflebis moednidan manevrirebda ori javSant-
ransportiori, romelTaganac erTs moxvda mTavrobis sasaxlidan
nasroli naRmi, romelmac mwyobridan gamoiyvana erTi javSant-
ransportiori. am manqanis luqidan amohyo Tavi rusma samxedro
oficerma kapitnis CiniT, xolo Semdeg transportioris mZRolmac.
kapitanma rom dainaxa mZRols uyvira: „ia Je skazal ne visovivat-
sia“. mere beteerma dauSina cecxli mTavrobis sasaxles. erTxel,
meored, mere samxedroebma (rusebma) luqidan amoyves Tavebi da
erTmaneTs uTxres „nu Cto xvatit? net Zelaem eSCo adin zaezdo“.
dauSines kidev erTxel tyviebi, Semobrundnen da wavidnen. gzaze
daubes buqsiri im gafuWebul beteers da waiyvanes. yvelaferi
moxda 8 saaTidan cxris naxevramde 28 dekembers.
j. gvimraZe
sainformacio arxebs
xonis 12-e koloniaSi, politpatimrebis, givi ioramaSvilisa da
sxvaTa sanaxavad Casul, sruliad saqarTvelos zviad ganmaTavi-
sufleblis partiis Tavmjdomare leila comaias, saerTaSoriso
adamianis uflebebis dacvis wevr lali lomaZesa da eTer mga-
lobliSvils, patimrebis naxvis ufleba ar misces. xolo, Catanili
produqtebis politpatimrebisaTvis Segzavnas ki, lali lomaZem,
leila comaiam da eTer mgalobliSvilma, sapatimros win, mxolod
orsaaTiani saprotesto piketis gamarTvis Sedegad miaRwies. isi-
ni, koloniis ufrosTan Sexvedrasac iTxovdnen, raTa maT, uSua-
lod pirveli pirisagan mieRoT pasuxi politpatimrebis naxvaze
uaris Tqmis motivis Sesaxeb. agreTve, misganve mieRoT informa-
cia politpatimrebis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. kolo-
niis ufrosma (romlis gvari reJimis TanamSromlebma ar gaamxiles)
905
Tavi aarida Tbilisidan CasulebTan Sexvedras.
TviT sabWoTa reJimis koloniebSic ki, ar iyo akrZaluli po-
litpatimrebis naxva Tu maTTvis produqtebis Segzavna.
aRniSnuli faqti naTlad metyvelebs qveyanaSi gabatonebul Se-
vardnaZis provinciul-diqtatorul reJimze.
1999 wlis 28 ivnisi,
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis pres-centris informacia
Sewydes xonis koloniidan gadmoyvanili

politpatimrebis wameba!
10 agvistos, xonis koloniidan, Tbilisis №1 izolatorSi gad-
moiyvanes politpatimrebi: givi ioramaSvili, murTaz jalaRonia,
gela nanaZe da valeri wyarozia. rogorc CvenTvis cnobili gaxda,
xsenebul politpatimrebze, sabWouri reJimis praqtikiT, apireben
2-dan 3 wlamde damatebiTi sasjelebis dadebas, xonis koloniaSi
maT mier gamocxadebuli protestis gamo, risTvisac 1 izolator-
Si, maTze xorcieldeba fizikuri angariSsworebebi, ris Sedegadac,
politpatimar murTaz jalaRonias janmrTelobis mdgomareoba
ukve metad SemaSfoTebelia.
sruliad saqarTvelos zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partia
acxadebs protests aRniSnuli faqtis gamo da kategoriulad
moiTxovs, Sewydes sastiki wamebebi politpatimrebis mimarT. wi-
naaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, movaxdenT cixis №1 izolatoris piketire-
bas!
1999 wlis 13 agvisto,

zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis Tavmjdomare
leila comaia
906
q r o n i k a
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxo-

bis Semdgom, prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias erTguli adamianebis
mimarT dawyebul devna-TvalTvalSi
barZimaSvilebis ojaxic moyva. lali
barZimaSvili – erovnuli moZrao-
bis axalgazrduli frTis erT-erTi
lideri, SevardnaZisadmi mimarTu-
li `Ria werilis~ avtori konspir-
aciul binaze salome nakaiZem da
juli xaWapuriZem Seifares. mis
sacxovrebel saxlTan ganuwyvetliv
morigeobdnen me-7 ganyofilebis
muSakebi, rac man Jurnalist irakli gociriZes acnoba. amave dros,
1992 w. 5 oqtombers erT-erT binaze SemTxveviT misul zurab
barZimaSvils (mamamiss) apatimreben. dakavebisas man gulSi dana
Cairtya, radgan avtoavariis Sedegad – xelsa da fexSi rkinebCam-
dgars wameba eloda. is gadaiyvanes gul-sisxlZarRvTa klinikaSi
(`leCkombinati~) da eqims – tatiSvils uTxres – Tu gadarCeba,
gadarCeba, Tu ara, es kaci CeCeni diversantia, afxazeTis terito-
riaze dakavebuli da rac iqneba, iqnebao. eqimma umZimesi operaciac
gaukeTa da Tavisi sisxlic gadausxa da ganZrevac rom ar SeiZle-
boda pacientis, badragebma saCqarod cixis saavadmyofoSi gadai-
yvanes,sadac man wamebac gaiara. zurab barZimaSvilis wamebas da
dakiTxvebs uSualod xelmZRvanelobda prokurori – anzor balu-
aSvili. politpatimari barZimaSvili cixeSi inaxula `helsinki vo-
Cis~ warmomadgenelma – erika deilma, romelmac patimris sxeulze
wamebis kvali amgvari replikebiT gaioca: `faSizm~, ùJas~... zurab
barZimaSvils cixis jalaTebma sasurveli Cveneba ver gamosZales
da 9 weli gaatarebines sagarejos koloniis umZimes pirobebSi.
ojaxi sazRvargareTidan uamrav werils iRebda, Jurnalebs, gamox-
maurebas da es dRemde ojaxis arqivSia daculi.
907
1993 wlis 5 oqtombers, muxianis policiis adgilobrivi ganyo-
fileba apatimrebs mari gugeSaSvils (lalis dedas, politpatimris
meuRles), gldanis r-nis sakrebulos deputats, ganaTlebis gany-
ofilebis gamges, romelmac nebiT datova Tanamdeboba. is SvilT-
an -lali barZimaSvilTan erTad, `helsinkis kavSiris~ wevri iyo
1989 w. bolodan. igi skolaSi istoriis maswavleblad agrZelebda
muSaobas. dapatimrebuli mari gugeSaSvilos mimarT, gansakuTre-
buli agresiiT gamoirCeoda policiis ufrosi – gia gagniZe. mari
samxedro komendaturaSi gadaiyvanes meore dRes da moaTavses
Jurnalist – irakli gociriZesTan, darejan biwaZesTan (polite-
qnikuris leqtori), zaur qobaliasTan, manana labaZesa da sxvebTan
erTad. Seuqmnes daxvretis imitaciac, kedelTan mwkrivSi Caayenes
da avtomatebi SemarTes – zviadi samegreloSia da Tqvens gvamebs
davaxvedrebTo. manamde maT moaswres `mamao Cvenos~ locva... mari
dakiTxvaze gaiyvanes, romelsac eswreboda agresiiT da sisastikiT
aRvsili `Jurnalisti~ – lulu Cxenkeli. igi iTxovda, maris kamer-
asTan daegmo zviadi, xolo Cxrekisas binebidan wamoRebuli zviad
gamsaxurdias – `sulieri misia~ Tavze gadaaxia. mari ar epueboda
da zviad gamsaxurdias icavda mSvidi toniT, ramac ufro gaamZ-
vinvara es qalbatoni da skolidan gamoZevebiTac daemuqra, ra
unda aswavlo bavSvebso. skolaSic miiWra ramdenime pirTan er-
Tad, kameriT, magram moswavleebica da pedkoleqtivic Rirseulad
daxvdnen lulu Cxenkels, mis provokaciul SekiTxvebsac sakadri-
si pasuxi gasces da xuntis Jurnalisti skolidan gaaZeves kidec.
sxvadasxva saxis Seviwroeba didxans grZeldeboda prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis momxre am ojaxis mimarTac.
908
latavra foCiani – eqimi, cnobili mocekvave, xelovnebisa da
kulturis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, sakuTar samSobloze uzomod
Seyvarebuli patrioti, prezident zviad gamsaxurdias gulmxur-
vale mxardamWeri. latavra foCiani aqtiurad monawileobda saqa-
rTvelos pirveli prezidentis, zviad gamsaxurdias mxardamWer
yvela saprotesto manifestaciebSi. 1992 wlis 7 martis, eduard
SevardnaZis saqarTveloSi dabrunebis Semdgom, RamiT, vakeSi, mux-
aZis quCaze mdebare misi saxlis sadarbazos kari xuntis avtoma-
tianma pirebma Seamtvries. mocekvavem qalbatonma maSin, repre-
siebis SiSiT, damalva moaxerxa da Semdgomac didxans emaleboda
xuntis jalaTebs.
latavra foCianis manifestaciebSi monawileobis gamo, misi
ojaxis mimarT mimdinareobda satelefono terori, muqara, daSine-
ba. emuqrebodnen, rom Tu kvlav miiRebda monawileobas zviad gam-
saxurdias xelisuflebis mxardamWer mitingebSi, gadauwvavdnen
saxls da a.S.
imave xanebSi, represiebis qveS moyvnen sagarejoSi mcxovrebi
latavra foCianis mama da misi axloblebi, rasac misi naTesavis,
nina kvirikaSvilis sicocxle emsxverpla.
kaxaber (kaxa) migineiSvili

– msaxiobi-reJisori 1985
wlidan 1991 wlis CaTvliT.
marjaniSvilis Teatris
msaxiobi da Teatraluri in-
stitutis samsaxiobo osta-
tobis pedagogi. 1987 wli-
dan Caeba erovnul-
ganmaTavisuflebel moZ-
raobaSi, 9 aprilis sapro-
testo aqciebis monawile da
dazaralebuli. zviad gamsaxurdias politikuri kursis mxarda-
saWerad aqtiurad gamodioda TeatrSi, mitingebze Tu televiziiT.
1991-92 wlebis saxelmwifo gadatrialebis Semdeg, politikuri
niSniT gaaTavisufles Teatridan, xolo Teatraluri instituti
ki msaxiobma da pedagogma Tavad datova protestis niSnad.
kaxa migineiSvili iyo xuntis reJimisadmi daumorCileblobis yve-
909
la aqciis, darbeuli da daxvretili yvela mitingis aqtiuri monaw-
ile, Tanaorganizatori da organizatoric Tbilissa Tu saqarTvelos
sxvadasxva raionebSi. xuntis represiebi mravaljer ganicada man da
misma ojaxis wevrebma (deda da biZa), ris Sedegadac mravaljer Seu-
vardnen saxlSi, daarbies, fizikurad gauswordnen da daakaves kidec.
xuntis mxridan mudmivi devnis gamo, kaxa migineiSvili iZulebuli
gaxda dedasTan erTad wasuliyo zugdidSi, sadac prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias rekomendaciiT saTaveSi Caudga umoqmedod myof Salva
dadianis saxelobis Teatrs. mogvianebiT, prezidentis mxardaWeriT
daafuZna „saqarTvelos erovnuli Teatri~, romelic ramdenime TveSi
gaxda xuntis politikuri represiis msxverpli.
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkv-
lelobis Semdgom TbilisSi dab-
runebulma kaxa migineiSvilma, aqti-
urad gaagrZela brZola ukanonobis
winaaRmdeg da mas Semdeg eweva aqti-
ur sazogadoebriv moRvaweobas saqa-
rTvelos uaxlesi istoriis gayal-
bebis winaaRmdeg da erovnuli
kulturis dasacavad. am mizniT, mis
mier Segrovili dokumenturi ma-
salebi gadaecemoda ucxoelebs saqa-
rTveloSi Seqmnil realur viTareba-
Si gasarkvevad.
xuntis xelisuflebas araerTg-
zis hqonia niWieri Teatralis gadabirebisa da misi materialuri
kuTxiT dainteresebis mcdelobebi, magram igi arasodes aranair
kompromisze ar wasula aravisTan.
principulad aris upartio.
mzia (mzisana) JRenti-migineiSvili, xelovnebaTmcodne. 1987

wlidan Caeba erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobaSi, 9 aprilis aq-
tiuri monawile. rodesac 1990 wlis 30 ianvars Seiqmna „qeTevan wame-
bulis sazogadoeba“, igi aqtiur monawileobas iRebda am sazogadoe-
bis funqcionirebaSi. Tumca, rogorc ki sazogadoebis Tavmjdomare
da sainiciativo jgufis TiTqmis mTliani Semadgenloba, ciliswame-
biT da sicruiT daupirispirda zviad gamsaxurdias, mzia JRentma
910
sicrueSi amxila Tavmjdomare da misi damqaSebi (luiza SakiaSvili,
izolda WilaZe...) da protestis niSnad datova sazogadoeba. male,
sazogadoeba datova am organizaciis absoluturma umravlesobam
mas dauWires mxari, ramac am sazogadoebis daSla gamoiwvia. swored
„qeTevan wamebulis sazogadoebidan“ gamoyofili umravlesoba gaxda
pirveli, vinac oficialurad dauWira mxari zviad gamsaxurdias ax-
alSeqmnil „mrgval magidas“ da mis koncefcias.
mzia JRenti, 1990 wlis ivnisidan, zviad gamsaxurdias piradi
rekomendaciiT gaxda „ilia marTlis sazogadoebis“ wevri da amave
sazogadoebis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komisiis wevri, saidanac
zviad gamsaxurdias uSualo davalebiT miiRo monawileoba ori
gaxmaurebuli saqmis warmoebis procesSi.
mzia JRenti, 28 oqtombrisa da saprezidento arCevnebSic iyo
zviad gamsaxurdias ndobiT aRWurvili piri. igi, 1991 wlis 31 mar-
tis sakrebulos arCevnebze, prezidentis rekomendaciiT dasaxel-
da q. Tbilisis krwanisis raionis deputatobis kandidatad. sakreb-
ulos deputatis mandatiT ki igi iwyebs moRvaweobas „mrgvali
magidis“ mier dasaxuli gegmebis realizaciis mimarTulebiT. samx-
edro gadatrialebis Semdeg man, SvilTan da ZmasTan (besik JRent-
Tan) erTad, aqtiurad gaagrZela brZola xuntis uzurpatoruli
xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg. 1993 wlis 14 aprilis mitingis darbevis
dros gadaitana „klinikuri sikvdili“ da miiRo tvinis Seryeva.
yvela mitingis dros mas da mis Svils kaxa migineiSvils arbevdnen
da akavebdnen xuntis bandebi. maTze gaxorcielebuli permanentu-
li represiebi araerTxel momxvdara „saerTaSoriso amnistiisa“ da
sxva uflebadacviTi organizaciis moxsenebebSi.
mzia JRenti, TbilisSi mudmivi devnis gamo, 1993 wlis 26 maisi-
dan, SvilTan erTad midis dasavleT saqarTveloSi da erTad ewevian
politikur brZolas xuntis reJimis winaaRmdeg. prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias mkvlelobis Semdgom, erovnuli xelisuflebis idealebis
erTgulebiT, kvlavac agrZelebs brZolas saqarTveloSi ukanonobis,
religiuri siwmidisa da uaxlesi istoriis gayalbebis winaaRmdeg.
madona TevzaZe – saqarTvelos kinomatografistTa Semoqmedeb-

iTi kavSiris wevri, mxatvruli, dokumenturi da animaciuri filme-
bis xmis reJisori. mas samocze meti filmi hqonda gaxmovanebuli.
1981 wels soxumSi respublikis kinofestivalze miRebuli hqonda
mTavari prizi “saukeTeso xmis reJisurisTvis”. aseve, 2005 welsac
911
miniWebuli hqonda mTavari prizi filmisTvis “moneta”.
madona TevzaZe gaxldaT prezident zviad gamsaxurdias erovnu-
li mTavrobis aqtiuri mxardamWeri da yvela mitingebis monawile.
man groznoSic ki moinaxula Tavisi saTayvanebeli devnili preziden-
ti. xolo, rodesac prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia devnilobidan
saqarTveloSi dabrunda, xuntis reJimma, aTobiT erovnuli xeli-
suflebis mxardamWer inteligenciasTan erTad, igic daapatimra da
ramdenime kvira awames samxedro komendaturaSi.
quTaisis erovnul ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraobis erT-erTi lideri, mrgvali ma-
gidis individualuri wevri. igi, 1992-
1999 wlebSi ganicdida permanentul
represiebs xuntis xelisuflebis mxri-
dan, mas avtomatebiT uvardebodnen ojax-
Si, rasac emsxverpla misi deda. aleqsan-
dres akavebdnen policiaSi da droebiT
izolatorSi, masze dawesebuli iyo
TvalTvali. sabolood igi, iZulebuli
gaxda daetovebina Tavisi sayvareli samS-
oblo da emigraciaSi gadaxvewiliyo.
Smagi (moris) samniaSvili

goris Teatris msaxiobi, goris wm.ilia
marTlis sazogadoebis damaarsebeli da
Tavmjdomare, Sida qarTlSi erovnul-gan-
maTavisuflebeli moZraobis lideri.
1990 wlis 7 ianvars, gamTeniisas, igi ve-
ragulad da RalatiT iqna mokluli sa-
maCabloSi, saqarTvelos damoukideblo-
bis mowinaaRmdege Zalebis mier 26 wlis
asakSi (ucolo). zviad gamsaxurdias pa-
tronaJiT, gmiri TanamebrZoli, dakrZal-
912
ul iqna goris erT-erT skverSi da skvers ewoda Smagi samniaSvilis
saxeli.
Tamaz mamageiSvili
saqarTvelos erovnul-ganmaTavisu-
flebeli moZraobis TvalsaCino war-
momadgeneli. gldanis raionis sakre-
bulos deputati „mrgvali magidi-
dan“. erovnuli xelisuflebis damxo-
bis Semdgom, muxran maWavarianisa da
vaxtang boWoriSvilis mier Seqmnili
„konstantine gamsaxurdias sazogadoe-
bis“ gamgeobis wevri. xuntis msxver-
plTa „represirebulTa kavSiris“ da-
maarsebeli da Tavmjdomare, romelic
aqtiurad iRvwoda represirebulebis
statusisaTvis parlamentis doneze, raTa mieRwia represirebul-
Ta socialuri uzrunvelyofisaTvis. Tavadac devnili da Seviwro-
vebuli xuntis reJimis mier. mravalgzis nagvems, sicocxlis bo-
lomde, xelSi epyra damoukidebeli erovnuli mTavrobis saxelmwi-
fo droSa. misi sasicocxlo resursi, 2015 wlis maisSi, sabolood
Seiwira erovnuli idealebisaTvis brZolam.
guram danelia
erovnuli moZraobis hereoikuli
figura da aqtiuri moRvawe 1998 wli-
dan. wm. ilia marTlis sazogadoebis
da zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis
politsabWos wevri. igi yovelTvis,
SevardnaZis policiur-diqtatoruli
reJimis winaaRmdeg gamarTuli, sapro-
testo mitingebis epicentrSi idga.
araerTxel iyo nacemi mitingebze da
policiis droebiT izolatorSi da-
kavebuli. rogorc aqtiur momxres zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli
xelisuflebisa, mas araerTxel daesxnen quCaSi samoqalaqo forma-
913
Si gadacmuli uSiSroebis TanamSromlebi da Seuryies janmrTelo-
ba, ramac, mogvianebiT imsxverpla misi sicocxle.
angelina (alfa) fircxalava

9 aprilis „barTlomes Rames“ mowamluli. prezident zviad gam-
saxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis aqtiuri mxardamWeri da yvela
daxvretili mitingebis monawile. „mxedrionelebis“ mier dayaCaRe-
buli. igi, dediT cimbireli fineli iyo, magram sufTa sisxliT
qarTvelze ufro, gulmxurvale qarTveli, Tavis samSoblo saqar-
Tvelos didi patrioti da moamage. mowameobrivad dailewa misi
sicocxle usamarTlobasTan da reJimebTan mudmiv brZolaSi .
erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebma prokuraturaSi

sarCeli Seitanes
2015 wlis 2 Tebervals, erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebma

(k. gamsaxurdiam, ir. Soniam, l. comaiam. a. miqautaZem, d. bregvaZem,
l. kobravam, z. mezvriSvilma, T. lomiSvilma da sx.) respublikis
porokuraturaSi Seitanes sarCeli prezident zviad gamsaxurdias
mkvlelobisa da 90-ian wlebSi, SevardnaZis xuntisturi xrovis
mier mSvidobiani manifestaciebis daxvretis gamoZiebis moTxovniT.
miuxedavad imisa, rom maT araviTari imedi ar gaaCniaT, rom xun-
tismemkvidre ivaniSvilis xelisufleba gamoiZiebs am istoriul
danaSauls, aqtivistebs TavianT movaleobad miaCniaT, rom yovel
xelisuflebas uyenebdnen amgvar samarTlebriv moTxovnebs. garda
aucileblobisa, rom ar moxdes wyveta am moTxovnebis wayenebaSi,
sazogadoebas maradis unda axsenebdnen, damoukidebeli saqarT-
velos erovnuli xelisuflebis, imperialisturi ruseTis mier
damxobis, Sav-bnel istorias.
914
wignis avtorisagan:
TviTmxilvelebis Canawerebs Cven eqstremalur, xuntis reJimis

mZvinvarebis pirobebSi vagrovebdiT, ris gamoc zogierTi TviTmx-
ilveli Tavs ikavebda sakuTari vinaobis srulad dasaxelebisagan,
ojaxis wevrebze mosalodneli represiebis SiSiT.
did madlobas vuxdiT erovnuli moZraobis im gabedul warmo-
madgenlebs, romlebic sakuTari sicocxlis riskis fasad, xuntis
mZvinvarebis periodSi, dadiodnen represirebul ojaxebSi da saa-
vadmyofoebSi gardacvlil-dapatimrebulTa zusti aRricxvianobi-
saTvis: lali lomaZes, rusudan pataraias, Tamar dadians, galina
ClaCiZes, ia muxranels, Jana rexviaSvils, cici gabeskirias (qa-
lbaton cicis, madlobas vuxdiT, agreTve wignis anotaciis in-
glisurad TargmnisaTvis), eTer mgalobliSvils, klara Sedanias,
nino kekelias, griala esakias (abaSa), dodo-buliava-maqacarias
(senaki), madona maqacarias Tavisi jgufiT (zugdidi), Tamaz fi-
fias (walenjixa)da sxv.
amasTanave, bodiSs vixdiT im pirovnebebis (represirebuli
ojaxebis) winaSe, vinc ver moxvdnen Cvens wignSi, informaciebze
wvdomis arqonis gamo.
dideba, samSoblos Tavisuflebisa da saxelmwifoebrivi damou-
kideblobisaTvis mebrZol-Sewirul TiToeul qarTvels, madloba da
Cveni gulwrfeli TanagrZnoba maT ojaxebs!
gaumarjos, saamayo qarTveli gmirebis sisxliTa da Tavganwir-
viT mopovebul damoukidebel saqarTvelos!
915
1991-93 wlebSi daxocili xalxis arasruli sia
1. abaSvili mayvala 36. bJalava merabi

2. abramiSvili nugzari 37. bJinava genadi
3. avdaliani lova 38. broZeli revazi
4. azatova nina 39. bukia fridoni
5. akobia gia 40. bulia demuri
6. akolaSvili garini 41. gabedava pavle
7. alania giorgi 42. gabroSvili gogi
8. alasania jambuli 43. gamzardia Tamar
9. aleqsandria malxazi 44. gasviani zaza
10. amirejibi vaxtangi 45. gegelia soso
11. amirejibi irakli 46. gelaSvili gela
12. anjafariZe vaxtangi 47. gelaSvili merabi
13. arabiZe mamuka 48. geliaSvili iosebi
14. araxamia Tengizi 49. geraZe mariami
15. arseniZe kaxaberi 50. gvajaia nairi
16. asaTiani qiSvardi 51. gvajaia murmani
17. aslamaziSvili marina 52. gvaTua beJani
18. aqubardia lado 53. giorgobiani goCa
19. bagaTelia iosebi 54. giorgobiani zurabi
20. baidaSvili sergo 55. gobroniZe aleqsi
21. barsegovi rafaeli 56. gogia goderZi
22. baramiZe zviadi 57. gogibedaSvili koba
23. basilaZe kaxaberi 58. gogolaZe anzori
24. baRdavaZe mamuka 59. gogua Temuri
25. baRiSvili gurami 60. gogua koba
26. baRiSvili edemi 61. goleTiani jemali
27. baxia-sigua mariami 62. goqsaZe vaxtangi
28. bendeliani zurabi 63. goSTeliani Temuri
29. bendeliani roberti 64. gociriZe giorgi
30. bendeliani zaza 65. gociriZe Tamazi
31. beraia emzari 66. grigalava Salva
32. beriaSvili berdia 67. gulbani griSa
33. biWiaSvili laSa 68. gulia Tengizi (kiroki)
34. bolqvaZe daviTi 69. gureliSvili giorgi
35. boxua genadi 70. dagargulia edemi
916
71. davlaTiani iuri 108. isakaZe gabrieli
72. davraSvili aleqsandre 109. obiZe-dangaZe qeTevani
73. daraselia ema 110. ioseliani aleqsandre
74. darsania roini 111. kakulia Tamazi
75. didebaSvili zurabi 112. kalandia sergo
76. doijaSvili levani 113. kalaZe vaxtangi
77. doliZe guram 114. kandelaki zurabi
78. doCia gurami 115. kandelaki Tengizi
79. egnataSvili vaxtangi 116. kapanaZe konstantine
80. ediberiZe merabi 117. karapetiani giorgi
81. eliava avTandili 118. karegiSvili lali
82. eliava akaki 119. kartozia jemali
83. esarTia lado 120. kaWarava nugzari
84. esebua gela 121. kaWarava xviCa
85. esebua gia 122. kezua vaxtangi (jeneri)
86. vaniSvili malxazi 123. kezua Tengizi
87. varaziSvili varazi 124. kvaracxelia enveri
88. vawaZe Temur 125. kvaracxelia aleqsandre
89. vawaZe kaxa 126. kvaracxelia avTandili
90. vekua beJani 127. kvaracxelia merabi
91. zarqua zauri 128. kvaracxelia guladi
92. zarqua murTazi 129. kvaracxelia gela (Svarci)
93. zumburiZe nana 130. kvaSali anatoli
94. TaqTaqiSvili levani 131. kvikvinia zurabi
95. Todua valeri 132. kvinikaZe nugzari
96. Todua papuna 133. kvirikaSvili nina
97. Todua kote 134. kvirkvelia maTe
98. Tolordava xviCa 135. kvirkvia baTu
99. Tordia vaxtangi 136. kvirtia xviCa
100. Tordia nikolozi 137. kvirtia gurami
101. Tordia-nTelava naTela 138. kikaCeiSvili rati
102. ianqoSvili zaza 139. kinwuraSvili simoni (gia)
103. iaSvili vladimeri 140. kobaxiZe gurami
104. imnaZe Tamari 141. korkelia romani
105. injia slava 142. koroSinaZe varlami
106. inasariZe sergo 143. korZaia leri
107. inauri iosebi 144. kurdRelia konstantine
917
145. kutalia Tengizi 182. nodia vaxtangi
146. lagvilava anatoli 183. odiSaria kuso
147. lazariSvili giorgi 184. oniani baCuki
148. lemonjava roini 185. papiaSvili nodari
149. lemonjava soso 186. paWkoria kaxaberi
150. lenjaria soso 187. pertaxia zaza
151. liparteliani geronti 188. pertia avelina
152. logua Tengizi 189. Jvania irakli
153. lomTaZe emzari 190. ramiSvili arCili
154. lomia goCa 191. ratia roberti
155. lolaZe daviTi 192. ratiani konstantine
156. maisuraZe lali 193. rexviaSvili givi (giviko)
157. mamedaSvili oTari 194. robaqiZe giorgi
158. mamisaSvili romani 195. rogava zauri
159. mandaria xviCa 196. rogava fridoni
160. masxaraSvili rauli 197. rogava ramazi
161. mgalobliSvili beJani 198. salia goneli
162. mesxia Teimurazi 199. saluqvaZe oTari
163. minaiSvili mixeili 200. samuSia gizo
164. mirgatia vitali 201. sanaia giorgi
165. miqava kaxa 202. saria sulxani
166. miqava murTazi 203. sajaia baCuki
167. miqaZe vaJa 204. saxokia rolandi
168. miqenaia kukuri 205. sesquria rezo
169. miqiaSvili revazi 206. svaniZe rostomi
170. miSvelaZe arCili (aCiko) 207. sidamoniZe nikolozi
171. modebaZe zurabi 208. soselia Temuri
172. mWedliSvili baaduri 209. soselia jambuli
173. mWedliSvili merabi 210. sotkilava zurabi
174. mWedliSvili gurami 211. sturua revazi
175. nanikaSvili valeri 212. sulTaniSvili akaki
176. nasariZe zaza 213. sulxaniSvili paat
177. nayofia gia 214. tabiZe Tamazi
178. nefariZe avTandili 215. tabiZe konstantine
179. nikolaiSvili iaSa 216. talaxaZe iuri
180. nikoleiSvili mamuka 217. talikaZe guli
181. niJaraZe gurgeni 218. tatuaSvili aleqsandre
918
219. teriSvili mamuka 255. SamaTava jemali
220. tetelaSvili gia 256. Sanava nugzari
221. tvildiani revazi 257. Sanava revazi
222. tufuria Tamazi 258. SaraSeniZe paata
223. tyemalaZe fridoni 259. SaraZe laSa
224. festianiZe daviTi 260. Sedania giorgi
225. fircxelava joni 261. Sengelia anzori
226. fircxalava gurgeni 262. Sengelia biWiko
227. fifia gurami 263. Sengelia oneri
228. ficxelauri besarioni 264. SiukaSvili Tornive
229. foladiSvili mixeili 265. SiSinaSvili Saqro
230. futkaraZe-fircxalava 266. Sonia enuqi
nino 267. Sonia onise
231. qadaria akaki 268. Sonia avTandili
232. qanTaria vaxtangi 269. Sonia zurabi (puSkina)
233. qardava merabi 270. SurRaia soso
234. qardava mamuka 271. SCipovnikovi anatoli
235. qevxiSvili cicino 272. Cakaberia konstantine
236. qvariani badri 273. Cangelia ramini
237. qinqlaZe zauri 274. caava xviCa
238. qirTbaia vano 275. carciZe romeo
239. qoCua jemali 276. ceraZe tristani
240. RviniaSvili malxazi 277. cimintia koba
241. RviniaSvili nugzari 278. cxadaia mamuka
242. Rvinjilia reno 279. Zvabava niazi
243. Rvinjilia guladi 280. Zvabava nugzari
244. Rurwkaia koWoia 281. ZiZaria gugu
245. yavelaSvili badri 282. wiklauri revazi
246. yavlaSvili valeriani 283. wifuria ediSeri
247. yaraulaSvili kukuri 284. wiqvaZe vefxia
248. yajriSvili daviTi 285. wurwumia zviadi
249. yuraSvili SoTa 286. Wanturia rusudani
250. yuraSvili merabi 287. Wanturia gia
251. yurua kaxa 288. Wanturia aleqsandre
252. SaiSmelaSvili sandro 289. WanturiZe imedi
253. alikaSvili giorgi 290. WanturiZe firuzi
254. SamaTava Temuri 291. WiTanava besiki
919
292. Wkadua elvardi 307. xuciSvili badri
293. Wkadua omari 308. xuciSvili gela
294. xazalia usupi 309. xuxia merabi
295. xalvaSi borisi 310. javaxiSvili zurabi
296. xarCilava malxazi 311. jaiani zaza
297. xatiaSvili gizo 312. jalaRonia avTandili
298. xelaSvili daviTi 313. jalaRonia radioni
299. xerkeliZe tarieli 314. jalaRonia jemali
300. xidaSeli dodo 315. janaSia-Selia mimoza
301. xorava gurami 316. janaSia daviTi
302. xubutia kaxa 317. jgerenaia jemali
303. xunwaria goCa 318. jiqia goCa
304. xurcilava malxazi 319. jiSkariani irodi
305. xurcilava jumberi 320. jojua vaxtangi
306. xurcilava rolandi 321. jRarkava Tamazi
920
gamoyenebuli literatura:
1. z. avaliSvili „saqarTvelos damoukidebloba - 1918-1921 wlebis“.

tbilisi - 1929 w. - yarsi.
2. Jurnali „guSagi“ №17, 1988 wlis oqtomberi – gia Wanturias programa
„saqarTvelo qarTvelebisTvis“.
3. iv. javaxiSvili, p. surgulaZe, prof. listi „istoriuli raritetebi“.
Tbilisi - 1989. - yarsi.
4. “saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis samarTlebrivi aqtebis
krebuli, 1918-1921“, gv.177-178.
5. gazeTi “madli” 1990 weli. №16
6. gazeTi “komunisti ”, 1990 wlis 4 ianvari. – 9 Tvis paata nikoriSvilis
akvanSi Cacxrilva.
7. gazeTi „Tbilisi“, 215(11527) , 22 noemberi, 1991 weli - l. comaias
statia.
8. gaz. „axalgazrda iverieli“, 14 dekemberi,1991 weli, №135-137 (11768-
11770). – ak. asaTianis „mkurnalobasTan“ dakavSirebiT.
9. gazeTi „Tbilisi“, 5 marti, samSabaTi, 1991 w. №42(14359) – CeCenTa del-
egaciis depeSa z. gamsaxurdiasadmi 17 martis referendumze da os-
eTze... „saqinformi“.
10. https://www.kvirispalitra.ge/politic/42068-ra-upasukha-shevardnadzem-qthvithm-
frinavis-bitcebisq-saqmeze-dasmul-umtsvaves-kithkhvebs-eqsprezidentis-dakithkh-
vis-aqamde-gasaidumloebuli-oqmi.html – kviris palitra. „TviTmfrinavis
biWebis“ saqmeze e. SevardnaZis dakiTxva viqtor domuxovskis mier.
rusudan kikaliSvilis interviu.
11. saqarTvelos prezidentis pressamsaxuris gancxadeba sigua, asaTiani,
xoStarias SeTqmulebaze. gaz. „saqarTvelos respublika“№171-172192),
3 seqtemberi, 1991 w.
12. gazeTi „gruzia–speqtri” 23–29, seqtemberi 1991 weli. – ir. wereTe-
li daumorCileblobaze da SevardnaZis Camoyvanaze.
13. jaba ioselianis biografia – vikipedia.
921
14. gaz. „saqarTvelos respublika“ №190(210), 1 oqtomberi, 1991 weli,
gv.1 – amerikeli biznesmenebis Camosvla.
gv.1 – prezidentis brZanebuleba SeiaraRebuli opoziciis garan-
tiebis Sesaxeb. inteligenciis(sargis caiScili, ana kalandaZe, Tamaz
gamyreliZe) mimarTvebi opoziciisadmi.
gv. 3 – zviadis e.w. „dasaxvretTa Savi siis dokumentze“ eqspertis
daskvna.
gv. 3 – gamsaxurdiasa da landsbergisis sikvdiliT dasjis moTxovna.
18. gela CorgolaSvilis wigni „sinanulis gadasaxedi“, gv. 15 – Telasze
Tavdasxmis Sesaxeb.
19. Jurnali „ogoniok”, dekemberi, 1991 weli №52. – ir. wereTeli: „zvia-
di unda gadadges!“
20. gaz. “literaturuli saqarTvelo“, 6 dekemberi, 1991 w. – opozi-
cioneri mwerlebis mimarTva saerTaSoriso pen-klubs.
21. gaz. „cisartyela“, №1,2. 1991 w. seqtemberi, noemberi – berdia beri-
aSvilis mamxilebeli statiebi jansuR Carkvianze.
22. gazeTi „droni“ 2 (67), 18 ianvari, 1992 weli - l. comaias misaloci
xuntas.
23. gazeTi „saqarTvelos respublika“ 131(410), 17 ivlisi, 1992 weli -
penklubis, giorgi kervaliSvilis, valter SurRaias gancxadebebi -
gv. 2.
24. gaz. „qarTuli azri“, 1992 w. 16 Tebervali – daxvretebi.
25. wigni „ra xdeboda TbilisSi 22 . XII. 91- 6. I. 92” (redaqtori apo-
lon silagaZe).
26. http://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/ saqarTvelos_demokratiuli_respublika(da-
moukideblobis gamocxadeba).
27. https://imedinews.ge/ge/saqartvelo/51894/khuti-qali-romelmats-saqartvelos-damou-
kideblobis-aqts-kheli-mo
28. atsera – saq. damoukideblobis aqtze xelmomweri qalbatonebi (1918 w).
29. gazeTi “Республика Армения” № 9 (299) 16.I.1992 gv. 1 “Делегация
Грузии в Армении” .
922
30. gazeTi “Республика Армения” №10 (300). 17.01. 1992. somx. respub.
umaRlesi sabWos gazeTi.
31. somx.presa – saq.informi.
32. Jurnali „ciskari“, 1992 wlis №9-10, jansuR Carkvianis interviu.
33. gazeTi „lanCxuTis moambe“, 1992 w. 27 marti, №16 – vaJa adamias ga-
mosvla lanCxuTelebTan.
34. 1992 w. maisi. wyaro: http://www.experti.ge/kartuli40.htm – jansuR Carkvi-
ani.
35. “nezavisimaia gazeta”, 17 ianvari,1992 weli. №10(181) – torez kulum-
begovi .
36. gazeTi „7 dRe“ №3(40), 23 – 29 ianvari, 1992 weli – erovnuli kongre-
sis me-17 sesiis rezolucia.
37. jaba ioselianis wigni „sami ganzomileba“, gv. 226, 232, 252, 286, 302,
331,346-347, 382. – afxazeTis omSi yaryaraSvilze.
38. saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos 1992 wlis 13 martis dad-
genileba.
39. prezident zviad gamsaxurdias 1992 w. 12 ivnisis mimarTva.
40. gaz.“aRdgoma“, №10, 10 ivlisi, 1992 w. -prezident z. gamsaxurdias
mimarTva „tradiconaluri kavSirisadmi“ (1992 wlis 21 ivnisi).
41. gaz. „qarTuli azri“, 6 agvisto, 1992 weli, №27, zviad gamsaurdias
mimarTva elcins walenjixaze.
42. gaz. „qarTuli azri“, 8 agvisto, №28, 1992 weli. zviadis gancxadeba
walenjixaze.
43. gazeTi „Sansi“, 14-21 maisi, 1993 weli, jansuR Carkvianis werili
„locvani gamsaxurdias monisa da morCilisa da afxazeTis deputa-
tisa rostom Samugiasi“.
44. http://for.ge/view.php?cat=3&for_id=10745 -loTi qobaliaze
45. aslan abaSiZeze video mxedrionis iaraRiT momaragebaze: https://www.
facebook.com/alexandregauqmebulia.giorgishvili
46. gaz. “sarangi”, 3 marti,1994. nodar koberiZis werili “samoqalaqo omi
_ apokalifsi saqarTvelosTvis”.
47. Teimuraz mibCuani – „afxazuri separatizmis sisxlian nakvalevze“,
Tbilisi 1994.
48. guram SaraZis wigni “zviad gamsaxurdas sikvdili da dasaflave-
923
ba”(gamomcemloba “saxalxo wigni”, Tbilisi, 1995, ). werilebi amave
Temaze gazeTSi “ganmaTavisuflebeli” №13, №26, №28, №29, №30.
49. gazeTi “speqtri”,1995 weli, №15, gv. 10. Tengiz siguas interviu
afxazeTis Cabarebis Sesaxeb.
50. 1995 wlis 29 agvistos teraqtze da gia Wanturias mkvlelobazec
– https://www.kvirispalitra.ge/versia/10445-qsaukunis-procesiq.html
51. Газ. „Соершенно Секретно“ , 1996, №12. SevardnaZis interviu aslanis,
jabasa da kitovanis masTan moskovSi Casvlaze...
52. gazeTi „laSaris gori“ 11, 17 – 24 maisi, 1996 weli - kolxuri koSkis
gadawva.
53. gaz. „axali Taoba“, oTxSabaTi, 1 maisi, 1996 w. – aslani – saagento
„iberia“.
54. gaz. „alia“, 2-3 maisi, 1996 w. saagento „iberiis“ pasuxi aslan abaSiZes.
55. gaz. „droni“ №33, 3-7 maisi, 1996 w. aslani – saagento „iberia“.
56. gazeTi „saqarTvelo“ , 14-21 maisi, 1996 weli, gv. 7 – nodar naTaZis
da sxvaTa „monanieba“.
57. gaz. „saqarTvelo“, 8-11 noemberi, 1996 w. gv. 2 – saagento „iberias“
informacia ioselianze.
58. gaz. „saqarTvelos respublika“ №42, 21 ivnisi, 1997 weli – wiTeli
inteligencia SoTa kviraias dasacavad.
59. gaz. „saqarTvelos respublika“ №75, 28 marti, 1998 weli, avTandil
ioselianis interviu goCa esebuas mklelobis gegmaze.
60. gaz. “axali Taoba”, 10-13 aprili, 1999. mRvdel vaxtang margianis
interviu.
61. gaz.: “alia”, 5 aprili,1999 w.
62. gaz. „iberia-speqtri“, 9 – 15. 06. 1999 w.
63. jaba ioseliani “sami ganzomileba“ gv. 361-362 – gia Wanturiaze da
daviT maRraZeze.
64. “axali Taoba”, 11 aprili, 2000. samegrelos gamoyofis mcdeloba.
65. gaz. „alia“, 29 Tebervali 1 marti, 2000 weli – aWaris konstitucia.
66. gaz. „aWara“, 1 ivlisi, 2000 w. №159-160 – aWaris konstitucia.
67. gaz.”axali versia”, 16-23 ivlisi, 2001. vaxtang (loTi) qobalias inter-
viu Sartavaze da maTi gvardiis ganadgurebis gegmaze.
924
68. gaz. „axali era“, 27 marti, 2001 w. „istoria SekveTil mkvlelobebze“
(aslani).
69. wigni „me vadanaSauleb – 1991-2001“ – samxedro gadatrialebis msx-
verplze
70. gaz. „TuTarCela“, 22 ianvari – 2 Tebervali, gv. 8, 2002 w.
71. gaz. „walenjixis zarebi“, 2002 wlis 6 ivlisi – „codvis kalo same-
greloSi“, Tamaz fifia, gv. 3-4. 1992 wlis walenjixis tragikuli am-
bebi.
72. http:// www. radiotavisupleba. ge/content/ article/1525796. html , http://www.
civil. ge/geo/article. php?id=2412)- badri zarandias Sesaxeb.
73. gazeTi „jorjian Taimsi“, 07-14.02. 2002 w. (aslan abaSiZis daniSvnaze).
74. gazeTi „borji“ gv. 10, oqtomberi, 2003 weli. prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias „mimarTva aWaris mosaxleobisadmi“, 1992 wlis 17 mar-
ti – aslanze.
75. sax. satelevizio interviu iuri cikoliasTan, 1994 w. 24 ivnisi,edu-
ard SevardnaZe samegrelos egzekuciasTan dakavSirebiT.
76. gazeTi „alia“ №66, 10-13 noemberi, 1995 weli, 5 noembris arCevnebi
da irakli gociriZis protesti.
77. gazeT “saqarTvelos”,21-28 maisi, 1996. mamuka areSiZis interviu.
78. gaz, „saqarTvelo“ , 14-21 maisi, 1996 w. nodar naTaZis monanieba.
79. gaz. “saqarTvelo”, 28-31 oqtomberi,1996. mweralTa kavSirSi merab
elioziSvilis gamosvlis stenograma.
80. gaz. “saqarTvelo”, 28-31 oqtomberi,1996, merab elioziSvili 2 se-
qtemberze.
81. gaz. „aRdgoma“, 1996 wlis dekemberi – g.Wanturias, j.Carkvianisa da
„mxedrionelebis“ Sesaxeb samegrelosa da afxazeTSi.
82. gazeTi „saqarTvelo”, №66(1504), 9-12 dekemberi, 1996 weli – loTi qo-
balias Ralatisa da bezRebis oqmi.
83. qiSvard isakaZis wigni „Cemi Svili gabrieli“, Tbilisi, 1997 weli.
84. gazeTi “laSaris gori”, 1997, 20-26 marti. – nemo burWulaZe kitovanis
braldebis pasuxad gvardiis „daSlasTan“ dakavSirebiT.
85. gazeTi “laSaris gori”, 1997, 20-26 marti. gela lanCavas interviu.
86. gazeTi „dro“ №40,(86) 1997, gv. 6-7. rezo miSvelaZis interviu mwer-
lebis iaraRiT brZolaze zviadis winaaRmdeg.
925
87. konstantine z. gamsaxurdia , wigni “dinebis sawinaaRmdegod”,
Tbilisi, 1997 weli.
88. gaz. „laSaris gori“ №15, 1997 weli – zviadis saflavis memorialis
damsxrevis Sesaxeb.
89. gazeTi „asaval-dasavali“, 1997 w. publikaciebi.
90. gazeTi „saqarTvelos respublika“ 36(2736),paraskevi, 13 Teberva-
li, 1998 weli - SevardnaZis iribi miniSneba zviadis mkvlelobis
aucileblobis Sesaxeb...
91. gazeTi „alia“ №75(451), 1998 weli, 26-27 aprili (aslanze, SurRaiaze,
loTi).
92. jemal gamaxaria , wigni “saqarTvelos devnili xelisufleba da afx-
azeTis omi”. Tbilisi, 1998.
93. gaz. „axali saqarTvelo“, 19-25 marti, 1998 weli, gv.15. – vaxtang
razmaZis werili eldar Sengelaiaze.
94. gazeTi “izvestia”, 1999, 27 oqtomberi.
95. gaz. “sarangi”, 3 marti,1999.
96. gaz. “axali Taoba”, 10-13 aprili, 1999w..
97. gaz.: “alia”, 5 aprili,1999 w.
98. gaz. “saqarTvelo”,1999w. №15(1716). nodar naTaZis statia 2 seqtem-
berze “rac vici”.
99. gaz.”izvestia”, 1999, 27 oqtomberi, gv.1. evgeni krutikovis statia.
100. jaba ioseliani patriarqze ix. jaba ioseliani, “sami ganzomileba”,
Tbilisi, 1999, gv. 26,85,86, 119,120,141.
101. jaba ioseliani „sami ganzomileba“, Tbilisi, 1999. gv. 76,129, 130,132
– aslanis SeTqmulebaze.
102. gaz. “Sansi”, #10, 2000 w.
103. “axali Taoba”, 11 aprili, 2000 w.
104. gazeTi „axali era“. 31 marti, 2000, №4, „rogor iyideba saqarTve-
los teritoriebi“, avt. gubaz megreliZe.
105. gazeTi „axali era“ №47, 2000 w. gv. 5, irakli baTiaSvilis interviu.
106. wigni „me vadanaSauleb – 1991 – 2001“.
107. gazeTi „axali Taoba“, 1 – 7 aprili, №89(1940) , 2001 weli, gv. 3 –
vaxtang razmaZeze...
926
108. gazeTi „saqarTvelos respublika“ №157(3898), 29 ivnisi, 2001 weli,
gv. 1, 3. – mwerlebis mimarTva genprokuror gia mefariSvils.
109. “marTali gazeTi”, №18(103), 30.05,2002. – masxulias werili.
110. asmaT tyablaZe meRvineTuxucesze – saiti: http://droni.
ge/?m=1&AID=518&fb_action_ids=153979001411530&fb_action_types=og.likes&fb_
source=other_multiline&a
111. video-interviu moskovis agvistos putCze https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=VDiPOHfJHhM&feature=share
112. gaz. “axali era” №47(223), №48(224), 2002, – zaza Sengelias korum-
pireblobis Sesaxeb lia isiani-bolqvaZe.
113. gaz. „axali Taoba“, 2002.08.18. levan SaraSeniZis interviu
zaza bakaSvilTan:“gamsaxurdia me davamxe“. http://www.opentext.org.ge/
index.php?m=4&y=2002&art=670
114. mixeil mWedliSvili, wigni „saqarTvelo borotebis imperiis 500-wlo-
van marwuxebSi“, Tbilisi – 2004. gv. 384-87 (avtonomiebis Sesaxeb).
115. Jurnali „sarke“, 24-30 marti, 2004 weli – goderZi Coxelis inter-
viu.
116. gaz. “asaval-dasavali”, №48(587), gv. 17-18. 2005 wlis 28 noemberi- 4
dekemberi. – manana arCvaZis xelSekruleba .
117. bimurza afrasiZe, „saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos d a
d g e n i l e b a“ 1992 wlis 30 ivlisis xelSekrulebis gauqmebaze,
Tbilisi,2005 wlis 21 oqtomberi.
118. „saerTo gazeTi“ №39 27–11–2010, nodar koberiZis statia „sin-
dromi – nona gafrindaSvili“ .
119. zviadis mTawmindidan amoTxris mcdeloba manana mier. 2010 wlis 17
Tebervali -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2pĳTHmIh
120. besarion guguSvilis satelevizio interviu madlen maWaraSvilTan
9-04-2010; 16:45 – zviadis TviTmkvlelobaze.
121. internet gazeTi “Droni.ge”, “baltinis naambobi SevardnaZeze, anu ro-
gor gadarCa foTi rusebisaTvis Cuqebas”, laSa berulava, 28.06.2011.
122. “asaval-dasavali”, 2011 w. 14-20 Tebervali, № 7(854), gv. 8-9, sandro
bregaZis statia SaluaSvilze.
123. simon kilaZe „yarsis xelSekruleba – 90 wlis win daSvebuli Sec-
doma“, 13-10-2011.
927
124. gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“№32, 2012 w. – jabas panTeonidan amoTxris
mcdeloba.
125. uSiSroebis general-maiori anzor maisuraZe http://geworld.net http://
saqinform.ge/news/3433/anzor+maisuraZe%3A+gardamtex+periodshi+suki+yve-
lafers+akontrolebda.html
126. gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №38, 2013 w. nugzar mgalobliSvilis
statia „nuTu dResac amas mtkiceba sWirdeba?!“ -afxazeTis e.w.
„aparteidul“ kanonze.
127. wigni „prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saqme“, konstantine z. gamsax-
ursdia, 2013 – zviadis ukanaskneli samarSruto gza.
128. gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №34, 2013 wlis Tebervali, gv. 8 – manana
arCvaZis soc.uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb brZanebuleba.
129. saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTekis „oficialuri do-
kumentebi, mimarTvebi da
130. interviuebi“, Tbilisi, 2013 w. t. 2, zviad gamsaxurdia. gaz. „ganmaT-
avisuflebeli“ №40, 2014 w.
131. zviadis saprezidento programa evro-atlantikuri kursisaken.
132. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w№№VWESutVg&feature=share – irina sa-
riSvilis mowodeba zviadis mkvlelobisken...
133. https://www.facebook.com/irina.sarishvili.98/posts/600142933490928 – irina sa-
riSvilis monanieba zviadze http://news.ge/ge/news/story/196793-ase-aras-
dros-minerviulia-rogots-am-tserilis-tserisas
134. gazeTi „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ №40, 2014 weli, gv. 7 – nugzar mga-
lobliSvili referendumis daniSvnis TariRze.
135. prezident medvedevis braldeba zviad gamsaxurdiaze „saqarTvelo
qarTvelebisTvis“ gamo 2015 wlis agvistoSi – https://old.civil.ge/geo/ar-
ticle.php?id=19296
136. hamlet WipaSvili „yarsis xelSekrulebis niuansebi“, 18/12/2015 –
http://isari.ge/KARS_17_12_15.php#ixzz5AHqMZOfC
137. http://www.newposts.ge, – rezo amaSukelis mamxilebeli informacia
zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas winaaRmdeg,2017.08.15
138. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-BH9oaExgc (pirveli nawili),https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=1WFu7VWrdBk (meore nawili) – cotne da
konstantine gamsaxurdiebis preskonferencia. pirveli nawilis me-
14 wuTze, cotne gamsaxurdia, zviadis mkvlel-mdevarTa jgufSi
928
asaxelebs badri zarandias jgufsac.
139. gaz. „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ , №51, 2016 w. gv. 9 – erekle saRlianis
monanieba zviadTan dakavSirebiT.
140. vikipedia – aleqsandre batoniSvili.
141. gazeTi àlia~, №48, 4-10 dekemberi, 2017 w. – mTvarisa kereseliZis
interviu jansuR Carkvianze, gv. 5, 6.
142. http://alia.ge/news/11770 – dodona kizirias mogoneba gogi xoStariaze,
02 apr . 2018 02:13
143. pktv.ge/index.php?action=full_news8iid=5851 – badri zarandiaze
wignSi gamoyenebulia fotoebi wignis avtoris piradi

arqividan, erovnuli biblioTekis arqividan, internet-
saitebidan, socialuri qselidan, guglidan da feisbuq-
megobrebis gverdebidan.
929
sarCevi
redaqtorisagan ...........................................................................................................3
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis damxoba ....................9

istoriuli simarTle zviad gamsaxurdias mier osebis
e. w. `genocidis~ Sesaxeb ...................................................................................21
gia Wanturia da 2 seqtembris mitingis politikuri anatomia .........61
zurab wereTlis fenomeni, wiTeli inteligenciis rutina ................79
televiziis Jurnalistebis gaficva.............................................................82
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damxobis mizezebi, gadatrialebis
samzadisi da pirveli gasrola ......................................................................93
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II ...........................111
afxazeTis avantiuristuli omi da SevardnaZis mier afxazeTis
Cabareba ...................................................................................................................118
aslani ......................................................................................................................141
yarsis xelSekrulebis Zalmosilebis sakiTxi ..........................................157
yarsis xelSekrulebis `saidumlo~ ...............................................................162
„samoqalaqo omad~ Seracxuli intervencia ..............................................164
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvleloba ...............................................201
saflavSic wamebuli... ........................................................................................243
nodar wuleiskiris avi winaTgrZnoba zviadis mkvlelobaze .............246
visi zegavleniT Tqva uari kaTolikos–patriarqma samebis
sakaTedro taZris ezoSi prezident gamsaxurdias dakrZalvaze .....249
interviuebi prezident zviad gamsaxurdias dakrZalvis adgilTan
dakavSirebiT telekompaniebze: „rusTavi -2“, „imedi“,
2007 wlis 6 marti ...............................................................................................252
ra saSineli danaSaulis gamJRavnebis eSiniaT manana arCevaZesa da
besarion guguSvils? .........................................................................................255
pirveli mowvevis uzenaesi sabWos deputatebi – 1991-1992 w.w.........260
saSobao epistole ...............................................................................................268
putCistebis gamonaTqvamebi ............................................................................273
rusi disidentebis gamonaTqvamebi gamsaxurdiaze .................................276
uaxlesi istoria ..................................................................................................280
ruseTis mexuTe kolonis polit-liderebi da maTi WanWikebi: .........283
xunta ........................................................................................................................285
xuntis parlamentarebi (1992-1995 w.w.) .......................................................292
samxedro gadatrialebis Sedegad Seqmnili T. siguas mTavrobis
politikuri „sakonsultacio sabWos“ sia .................................................296
didubis panTeonidan jaba ioselianis amoTxris mcdeloba ..............297
kvlav yalbismqnelebis Sesaxeb .......................................................................300
wignis avtorisagan ..............................................................................................301
930
publicistika ................................................................................................................303
neostalinelebi....................................................................................................304
siZulvilidan siyvarulamde ...........................................................................310
mZulvebelni ..........................................................................................................315
zizRi SevardnaZis saqarTvelos, anu es Cemi saqarTvelo ar aris! .....320
zviad gamsaxurdia erovnuli moZraobis Crdilovani mxarea?! .........325
kvlav viqtor rcxilaZis qvebudnobisa gamo ............................................383
xuntis prokurori, anu ratom mokles zviad gamsaxurdia ................390
zviad gamsaxurdias ybadaRebuli monaniebis Sesaxeb ............................403
yuradReba, mesame modis... ................................................................................406
kvlav, zviad gamsaxurdias „monaniebis“ Sesaxeb ......................................409
kvlav zviad gamsaxurdias ybadaRebul „monaniebaze“ .........................417
mZinare mowme.........................................................................................................425
am simarTliT vivli! ..........................................................................................437
qvabavazakTTa dilema ........................................................................................446
vin warmoadgenda ruseTis imperiul Zalebs da mis agenturas
saqarTveloSi 90-ian wlebSi ............................................................................448
leqsebi „qristeSoba“ da „qvabavazaki“ zviad gamsaxurdias
ar ekuTvnis! ..........................................................................................................449
kvlav zviad gamsaxurdias kuTvnilebad miCneul leqsebis gamo......458
„Rirsebis sasamarTlos“ video – zviadis mowinaaRmdegeTa
uRirsobis demonstrireba .............................................................................461
„gikvirs?! – nu gikvirs!“ ..............................................................................473
maRali pensiebi Sadimanebsa da berbiWaSvilebs?!...................................476
kvlav, uzenaesi sabWos deputatebisTvis, pensiis gazrdasTan
dakavSirebiT! ........................................................................................................478
me da valeria novodvorskaia.........................................................................481
xmauri da pasuxgaucemeli kiTxvebi besarion guguSvilis wignis
prezentaciaze .....................................................................................................485
Seni suraTi............................................................................................................489
inguSi mwerlis isa koZoevis werili...........................................................492
àr gaTeTrdebis yorani...~ ..............................................................................499
besarion guguSvili TviTlustrirebas ganagrZobs! .............................505
murman lebaniZes .................................................................................................507
badri zarandias mkvlelobis „zviadistobasTan“ dakavSirebis gamo ......518
batono besarion, SeTqmulebasa da mkvlelebis mfarvelobaSi
gadanaSaulebT! .....................................................................................................521
besarion guguSvili sicruis tiraJirebas ganagrZobs! .......................525
arCevnebis sas(t)aulebi!... ................................................................................530
latavra foCiani, samSobloze mWvunvare mocekvave ..............................532
leila comaiasa da goCa gvasalias polemika facebook-ze .....................534
rogor gaauqmes kolaboracionalistma hamlet WipaSvilma
da Salva naTelaSvilma uzenaesi sabWo ......................................................538
SevardnaZe gardaicvala ...................................................................................542
931
didTa afTari colebi ......................................................................................547
zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiis sagangebo gancxadeba .................554
qronika socialuri qselidan .......................................................................556
eklesiis problemebi ..........................................................................................562
vrCebi miumxrobeli da Seurigebeli ...........................................................567
ra damsaxurebisaTvis daajildoves moskovSi zaza daviTaia?!.........569
eklesiis mamebi mrevls 9 aprilis mitingze wasvlas ukrZalaven....573
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saxeliT moqmedi renegatebi ... .......577
biZina ivaniSvilma, saqarTvelo, sakuTar biznes-obieqtad daigula ...580
ratom moafara Tvals saxelovan mamuliSvilTa marmarilos
dafebi pirveli klasikuri gimnaziis axalma direqtorma?! .............585
`kolxur koSkze~ vandalizmi xorcieldeba!.............................................588
droa, klasikosi konstantine gamsaxurdia, kolxuri koSkidan
mTawmindaze gadavasvenoT! ..............................................................................596
kaxa kukavas oinebi..............................................................................................601
aRadgenen Tu ara merabis memorials boriTTan?... ................................604
ruseTumeTa politikuri striptizi ...........................................................606
vai, ramdeni orjonikiZeebi da maxaraZeebi gvyolia! ............................609
vaxtang(loTi) qobalias bezRebisa da Ralatis oqmi ..........................614
marTla daarbies Tu ara prezident zviad gamsaxurdias saflavi? ....620
meliaseuli sizmreb-molandebebis eqo .......................................................624
mziani meufe, romelic mokles ......................................................................628
mZinare mowme mRviZareze ufro pirmtkice! .............................................634
postebi FACEBOOK-idan, vaxtang begiaSvili da sxva ...........................636
nakvesi ......................................................................................................................640
prezident zviad gamsaxurdiaze filmis gadaRebis gamo... .................642
kidev erTxel mxatvrul film „xibulas“ gamo... ....................................646
prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis SekveTa.............................649
premieri, romelsac sZulda zviad gamsaxurdia, uerTgulebda?!....654
ratom ewinaaRmdegeba besarion guguSvili prezident zviad
gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis versias? ..............................................................660
SexedeT am ugvan montaJs da umal mixvdebiT, vin mWmunvarea,
vin meocnebe! .......................................................................................................663
gazeT „НАРОДНАЯ ПРАВДА“-Si gamoqveynebul prezident
zviad gamsaxurdias intervius gamo ............................................................666
wiTeli disidentebi ...........................................................................................675
jansuR Carkviani dadanaSaulebulia SekveTil mkvlelobaSi ............678
27 oqtombris saprezidento arCevnebSi virCevT... CuCelas! ..............685
satransporto magistralebi – ruseTis axali strategia
saqarTvelos sruli okupaciisaTvis? .........................................................693
xuntis represiebi ...............................................................................................701-920
gamoyenebuli literatura: ...........................................................................921-929

პრეზიდენტ ზვიად გამსახურდიას ხელისუფლების დამხობა - ლეილა ცომაია

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პრეზიდენტ ზვიად გამსახურდიას ხელისუფლების დამხობა - ლეილა ცომაია

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leila comaia

wigni dakabadonda gamomcemloba inteleqtSi

Cvens winaSea wigni, romelic Cveni istoriis metad mniSvnelovan

`mefe giorgi brwyinvalis Semdgom, 650 weli

zviad gamsaxurdiasTan, rogorc saqarTvelos erovnul-ganma-

1991 wlis 31 marts uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomarem zviad gam-

saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis

saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba, romelic saukuneTa siR-

Cven ar viciT, ra bedi ewia Semdgom, zviadTan dacul am droSas;

saqarTvelos respublikis axalarCeulma uzenaesma sabWom, 1990

Wanturia da sariSvili, aseve afrialebdnen lozungs `Zirs

dokumenti ixileT momdevno gverdze.

revolucioneri wiTeli inteligenciis am fotoze,

putCistebis ojaxi – marika lorTqifaniZe – Svili giorgi oTxmezuri,

uSiSroebis general-maiori anzor maisuraZe erT-erT inter-

xolo, 1993 wlis 27 ivliss, soWis xelSekrulebaze xelmoweriT

destabilizaciis erT-erTi organizatori, fsevdo erovnul-de-

prezident zviad gamsaxurdias demokratiuli mmarTvelobis pi-

aseve mniSvnelovania 1980 wlis foto Teimuraz CixlaZisa, pa-

1992 wlis 31 ivliss, saqarTvelos gaeroSi gawevrianeba ki pre-

erovnul-demokratebi, marTalia Tavs imarTlebdnen, rom Cven

axaldaniSnulma uSiSroebis ministrma igor giorgaZem (1993

momavalma Taobebma aucilebelad unda icodnen, Tu vin daabruna

`ar arsebobs ufro didi mteri

moqandake zurab wereTeli – es tipiuri saqmosan-ologarqi,

ai, am tipis xelovanTa da

zviad gamsaxurdias, aseve araerTi mcdeloba hqonda nodar na-

nodar naTaZe Tamaz gamyreliZe

televiziis Jurnalistebis gaficva

mas Semdeg, rac 1991 wlis 22 seqtembers, kanonieri xelisufle-

mogvianebiT (2002 wlis oqtomberSi) levan Rvinjilia kgb-s agen-

prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia miesalma ra amerikel biznes-

prezidentis zemoxsenebuli brZanebuleba gamoica mas Semdeg,

samxedro-kriminalur gadatrialebaSi monawileoba da pre-

prezident zviad gamsaxurdias damxobis mizezebi,

ruseTis imperiis Tavkaci mixeil gorbaCovi da mis Semdgom,

saxelmwifo televiziis blokada – mikrofoniT xelSi Tengiz sigua,

niSandoblivi da sagulisxmoa, rom murTaz SaluaSvili dRemde

am sisxlian gadatrialebasTan dakavSirebiT, gazeT `saqarT-

qarTveli inteligenciis mimarTva somexi

Cveno Zvirfaso megobrebo da kolegebo!

qarTuli inteligenciis saxeliT:

oTar liTaniSvili – q. Tbilisis mTavari mxatvari, saq. sax.

momdevno fotoze aRbeWdilia Tbilisis omSi `gamarjvebuli~

raki, zviad gamsaxurdiam, mdevrebs gaaswro somxeTSi, xuntis xe-

2003 wlis 23 noembris `vardebis revoluciis~, anu SevardnaZis

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II

interesmoklebuli ar unda iyos imis garkveva, Tu ra pozicia

afxazeTis avantiuristuli omi

afxazeTis problemis politikurad daregulirebis mizniT,

am fotoze, gia yaryaraSvili afxazeTis omSi ar gegonoT. ase

1994 wlis 3 Tebervals saqarTveloSi Camovida ruseTis pre-

SevardnaZis xuntisturi sasamarTlos mimarT, sruli upativ-

1990 wlis 28 oqtombris arCevnebiT saqarTvelos respublikis

1991 wlis 14 marts, aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis uzenaesi

yarsis xelSekrulebis Zalmosilebis sakiTxi

1992 wlis 30 ivliss, e. SevardnaZem kidev erTi moRalaturi

saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaesi sabWos

ruseTis satrapi e.SevardnaZe, cdilobda ra daefara an Se-

protestma, ZiriTadad, samegrelos mxare moicva. daumorCile-

megreli Saosani dedebi, 1993 weli

Wabua amirejibi jemal qarCxaZe

1992 wlis 25 marts, Wadrakis sasaxleSi Catarebulma mweralTa

“zviad gamsaxurdia iSviaTi Sesa