You are on page 1of 28

2JU]HZDQLHLZHQW\ODFMD

2JU]HZDQLHLZHQW\ODFMD
MDNRSURFHV\NRPXQDOQHLSU]HP\VáRZH
2JU]HZDQLH MHVW SURFHVHP Z NWyU\P Z\EUDQ\ RELHNW G]L NL GRSURZDG]HQLX
FLHSáD RVL JQLH L E G]LH XWU]\P\ZDá ]DáR RQ  WHPSHUDWXU  1DMF] FLHM RJU]HZDQLH
NRMDU]\ VL  ] SRPLHV]F]HQLDPL Z NWyU\FK SU]HE\ZD F]áRZLHN OXE ]ZLHU] WD QS
PLHV]NDQLD ELXUD L KDOH IDEU\F]QH RELHNW\ X \WHF]QR FL SXEOLF]QHM EXG\QNL
LQZHQWDUVNLHLWS 2JU]HZDüPR QDMHGQDNLLQQHRELHNW\JG\ ]MDZLVNRWRPR HE\ü
F] FL  ZLHOX SURFHVyZ SU]HP\VáRZ\FK D WDN H SURFHVyZ ]DFKRG] F\FK Z QDWXU]H
2JU]HZDVL ERZLHPSRZLHWU]HRGSLDVNXQDSXVW\QLZRGDZMH]LRU]HDWDN HZVDG
GRSLHFDKDUWRZQLF]HJRLSRZLHWU]HWUDILDM FHGRNRWáD
3URFHV JU]DQLD GRZROQHJR FLDáD Z\PDJD ]HVWDZX RELHNWyZ R FL OH RNUH ORQHM
IXQNFML 3RZLQQR ZL F E\ü FLDáR RJU]HZDQH NWyUH FLHSáR SU]\MPXMH 3RZLQQR E\ü
UyGáR FLHSáD NWyUH HQHUJL  SU]HND H 3RZLQLHQ E\ü RELHNW Z NWyU\P SURFHV WHQ
]DMG]LH Z\PLHQQLNFLHSáD 3RZLQQ\WH E\üHOHPHQW\NWyUHSURFHVHPW\PVWHUXM 
:HQW\ODFMD SRZV]HFKQLH MHVW UR]XPLDQD MDNR SURFHV ]RUJDQL]RZDQHM Z\PLDQ\
SRZLHWU]D ]QDMGXM FHJR VL  Z ZHQW\ORZDQ\P SRPLHV]F]HQLX 3RZRGHP ZHQW\ODFML
MHVW FK ü XVXQL FLD ] W\FK RELHNWyZ VXEVWDQFML V]NRGOLZ\FK OXE QLHSR GDQ\FK
:HQW\OXMH VL  SRGREQLH MDN L RJU]HZD PLHMVFD SUDF\ RELHNW\ X \WHF]QR FL
SXEOLF]QHM
DWDN HEXG\QNLLQZHQWDUVNLHZUROQLFWZLHLZLHOHLQQ\FK5XFKSRZLHWU]DZ\PXV]RQ\
jest „w sposób naturalny”WMSU]H] VWZRU]HQLHREV]DUyZRUy QHMJ VWR FL JD]XOXE
PHFKDQLF]Q\ ]D SRPRF  ZHQW\ODWRrów. Wentylatory V  WH  VWRVRZDQH GR WUDQVSRUWX
JD]X Z LQQ\FK REV]DUDFK WHFKQLNL 3U]\NáDGHP PRJ  E\ü SURFHV\ XVXZDQLD VSDOLQ
WUDQVSRUWX SQHXPDW\F]QHJR F]\ Z\PXV]RQHJR RSá\ZX JD]X ZRNyá FKáRG]RQHJR
RELHNWX 'ODWHJR WH  SURFHV\ WUDQVSRUWX GX \FK LOR FL JD]yZ SRG FL QLHQLHP
]EOL RQ\P GR FL QLHQLD RWRF]HQLD ]D SRPRF  ZHQW\ODWRUyZ PR QD XZD Dü ]D
UR]V]HU]HQLH]DJDGQLH ZHQW\ODFMLPHFKDQLF]QHMQDSURFHV\SU]HP\VáRZH

 


: GDOV]HM F] FL RPóZLRQR SUREOHP\ RJU]HZQLFWZD L ZHQW\ODFML UR]XPLDQH


w sposób tradycyjny.

8U] G]HQLDLV\VWHP\RJU]HZDQLDSRPLHV]F]H 
6\VWHP\RJU]HZDQLDSRPLHV]F]H 
3RWU]HED RJU]HZDQLD SRPLHV]F]H  Z NWyU\FK F]áRZLHN SU]HE\ZD MHVW Z
QDV]\P NOLPDFLH RF]\ZLVWD :\QLND ] Z\UD QHJR SRG]LDáX URNX QD RNUHV OHWQL
w którym temperatura oWRF]HQLD QDZHW Z QRF\ U]DGNR VSDGD SRQL HM  °& L
]LPRZ\ JG\ F] VWR QDZHW Z G]LH  WHPSHUDWXUD MHVW QL V]D QL  – °& :LRVQD L
MHVLH  V  SRG W\P Z]JO GHP SR UHGQLH $E\ ]DSHZQLü NRPIRUW FLHSOQ\ NWyUHJR
ZDUXQNL RNUH ORQH V  RGSRZLHGQLPL QRUPDPL WU]HED SRPLHV]F]HQLD, w których
SU]HE\ZDM OXG]LHRJU]HZDü
7HFKQLNDRJU]HZDQLDQDSU]HVWU]HQLRVWDWQLFKODWEDUG]RVL UR]ZLQ áD-HV]F]HQD
SRF] WNX ;; ZLHNX VWDQGDUGHP E\áR RJU]HZDQLH F] FL SRPLHV]F]H  WU]RQHP
NXFKHQQ\PDF] FL–SLHFHPNDIORZ\P&] üL]E
]ZáDV]F]DZPLHV]NDQLDFKFKáRSVNLFKLURERWQLF]\FK
E\áD QLHRJU]HZDQD 5R]ZyM RJU]HZQLFWZD ZL H VL 
ZL F ]H Z]URVWHP SR]LRPX \FLD FDáHJR
VSRáHF]H VWZD &LHSáR GR RJU]HZDQLD ]DSHZQLDá
QDMSLHUZ SURFHV VSDODQLD GU]HZD D Sy QLHM Z JOD L
LQQ\FKSDOLZZ\VRNLHMMDNR FL
3RF] WNRZR RJU]HZDQLH PLDáR Z\á F]QLH
FKDUDNWHU PLHMVFRZ\ 1D U\VXQNX  SRND]DQR
WUDG\F\MQ\ SLHF Z\NRQDQ\ ] NDIOL FHUDPLF]Q\FK
RSDODQ\ Z JOHP L GUHZQHP &LHSáR RG SLHFD GR
RWRF]HQLD SU]HND]\ZDQH E\áR GURJ  NRQZHNFML
        1RZV]H UR]ZL ]DQLD WR SLHFH HOLZQH OXE VWDORZH R
odpowiedniej wymuróZFH L V\VWHPLH UHJXODFML
SU GNR FL VSDODQLD U\V   0R QD Z QLP VSDODü
Uy QHURG]DMHSDOLZDVWDáHJR1DGDM
 VL RQHGRRJU]HZDQLDSRPLHV]F]H RNXEDWXU]H
GRP 
Oprócz pieców do ogrzewania miejscoweJR QD SDOLZD VWDáH Z JLHO NRNV
GUHZQR  VSRW\ND VL  SLHF\NL ROHMRZH OXE JD]RZH &RUD] F] FLHM MHGQDN DOWHUQDW\Z 
GODZ\PLHQLRQ\FKSLHFyZV JU]HMQLNLHOHNWU\F]QH U\V 
: EXG\QNDFK ] ZLHORPD SRPLHV]F]HQLDPL RJU]HZDQLH PLHMVFRZH MHVW XFL OLZH
LQLHHNRQRPLF]QH6WRVXMHVL ZyZF]DVFHQWUDOQHRJU]HZDQLHw którym NRU]\VWDVL 
] MHGQHJR UyGáR FLHSáD ]ORNDOL]RZDQHJR ]D]Z\F]DM Z GRJRGQ\P GOD MHJR SUDF\
PLHMVFX 8]\VNDQH FLHSáR 4 UR]SURZDG]D VL  GR W\FK SRPLHV]F]H  SRSU]H]
RGSRZLHGQLQR QLNHQHUJLL U\V 



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

:]DOH QR FLRGQR QLNDUR]Uy QLDVL FHQWUDOQHRJU]HZDQLH


¾ZRGQH
¾SDURZH
¾SRZLHWU]QH
¾HOHNWU\F]QH

  . 4..56
+56798 : ';6< 
':. =>2@? 4A
B
:.+26< 
C:. ''D4 EF  2=:.: 7 D

G 56F6< DH : 
=– I.+D2J KL59
6:.– 
= D+M –N  
=2 NE
–K@'< C'D
O 56CP2F–QD2R 5E>F 
< 5S+:+ QF

:.Q 
< 5ID2 '56Q– 
26:T'D
U  2 '<–6:  =V + #:.+5IT



 



 #2+
 G
 WX Y< 5 2Y=Q>'5I'YQY9+FKCF+ YE8E=B P+F+'C P 9Z+Q6<  'Q 8YD'4  '  8YD
G N    9+FKQF2 F98 YC Y: +DH >5I'Y 2+–9+< 5I+
=+D'J Y=2Y ;:Q Y< 5 =2–D
M QY =< + Y< 5EDO :5IY:+F+I< =+ DR – >5 '9 256>'F2 YE8E=2D – 56Y< #=29Q YN=D


U 56>'F2–  8Y :56YC9+FKCF+– Y< 56D + 56>'F2  8Y :5 –'Y:F2I< =2 Y
– –



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

  . H.[
=+< 5E =2;+>56
C
= P+F+=2F\NC  FT P
ZVBV .<  = 'D+4 .2 ' D
G >'5I 89= .DH .–'K@ = –
– – zawór regulacyjny, 5 –

: SU]\SDGNX WU]HFK SLHUZV]\FK UyGáHP FLHSáD V  NRWá\ OXE SLHFH &2 RSDODQH
Z JOHP OXE MHJR SU]HWZRUDPL NRNV EU\NLHW\  GUHZQHP ROHMHP RSDáRZ\P OXE
JD]HP
=HZ]JO GXQD sposób w\PXV]DQLDNU HQLDFLHF]\ZXNáDG]LHUR]Uy QLDVL 
¾RJU]HZDQLHZRGQHJUDZLWDF\MQH VWRVRZDQHSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPZEXGRZQLFWZLH
MHGQRURG]LQQ\P 
¾RJU]HZDQLHZRGQHSRPSRZH
6SRVyESRá F]HQLDXNáDGXF\UNXODF\MQHJR]DWPRVIHU MHVWSRGVWDZ SRG]LDáXQD
¾RJU]HZDQLH ZRGQH Z V\VWHPLH RWZDUW\P Z QDMZ\ V]\P SXQNFLH LQVWDODFML
]QDMGXMHVL QDF]\QLHZ]ELRUF]HSRá F]RQH]DWPRVIHU NWyUHXPR OLZLDVDPRF]\QQH
RGSRZLHWU]DQLH 



 


¾RJU]HZDQLHZRGQH Z V\VWHPLH]DPNQL W\P RGSRZLHWU]HQLHRGE\ZDVL SU]H]


RGSRZLHGQLRGSRZLHWU]QLN 
2JU]HZDQLH SDURZH VWRVXMH VL  SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP Z EXG\QNDFK SU]HP\VáRZ\FK
OXEEXG\QNDFKRJU]HZDQ\FKRNUHVRZR3RQLHZD SDUDZJU]HMQLNDFKXOHJDVNUDSODQLX
L ]PQLHMV]D VZRM  REM WR ü SU]HND]XM F SU]\ W\P FLHSáR SRSU]H] JU]HMQLN GR
RWRF]HQLD przewód powrotny (kondensatu) ma ZL F GX R PQLHMV]  UHGQLF  QL 
przewód pDURZ\
6\VWHP\FHQWUDOQHJRRJU]HZDQLDSDURZHJRUy QL VL JáyZQLHFL QLHQLHPPR QD
ZL FZ\Uy QLü
¾V\VWHPRJU]HZDQLDQLVNRFL QLHQLRZHJR
¾V\VWHPRJU]HZDQLDZ\VRNRFL QLHQLRZHJR
¾V\VWHPRJU]HZDQLDSRGFL QLHQLRZHJR
: REU ELH ND GHM ] Z\PLHQLRQ\FK WHFKQLN MHVW ZLHOH odmian, które QLH E G 
MHGQDNSU]HGPLRWHPGDOV]HMDQDOL]\
2JU]HZDQLHSRZLHWU]DSROHJDQDSU]HND]\ZDQLXFLHSáDGRSRZLHWU]DNWyUHSHáQL
]DUyZQRURO PHGLXPSR UHGQLF] FHJRMDNLRWRF]HQLDZNWyU\PSU]HE\ZDM OXG]LH
*RU FHSRZLHWU]HMHVWERZLHPZGPXFKLZDQHEH]SR UHGQLRGRRJU]HZDQ\FKL]E
: V\VWHPLH FHQWUDOQHJR RJU]HZDQLD ] SRZLHWU]HP MDNR F]\QQLNLHP QR Q\P
Z\Uy QLDVL 
¾RJU]HZDQLHSRZLHWU]QHJUDZLWDF\MQH
¾RJU]HZDQLHSRZLHWU]QH]SREXG]HQLHPPHFKDQLF]Q\P
3RZLHWU]H PR H VL  RJU]HZDü EH]SR UHGQLR Z UyGOH FLHSáD RJU]HZDQLH
EH]SR UHGQLH OXESU]H]F]\QQLNSR UHGQLF] F\ SDUDZRGD 
.ROHMQ\P HWDSHP Z UR]ZRMX WHFKQLNL RJU]HZDQLD MHVW V\VWHP RJU]HZDQLD
]GDODF]\QQHJR 3ROHJD RQ QD GRVWDUF]HQLX FLHSáD ]H UyGáD R GX HM PRF\ GR JUXS\
EXG\QNyZ RVLHGOL OXE FDá\FK PLDVW =DOHW  PHWRG\ MHVW WR H NRQZHUVMD HQHUJLL
FKHPLF]QHM SDOLZD Z FLHSáR RGE\ZD VL  Z ]D]Z\F]DM  QRZRF]HVQ\FK Z\VRNR
VSUDZQ\FK L SRGOHJDM F\FK SHáQHM NRQWUROL NRWáDFK -HGQRF]H QLH XQLND VL  Z VXPLH
GX RGUR V]HMLQVWDODFMLNRWáyZFHQWUDOQHJRRJU]HZDQLDZND G\PEXG\QNX
6\VWHPWHQZ\PDJDMHGQDNRSUyF] UyGáDFLHSáDZ\EXGRZDQLD]HZQ WU]QHMVLHFL
FLHSáRZQLF]HM tj. systemu przewodów doproZDG]DM F\FK JRU FH PHGLXP GR
SRV]F]Hgólnych budynków D ZHZQ WU] QLFK – Z ]áyZ FLHSáRZQLF]\FK F]\OL
Z\PLHQQL
NRZQLZNWyUHMPHGLXPRGGDFLHSáRGRZHZQ WU]QHJRV\VWHPXRJU]HZDQLDEXG\QNX
U\V &]DVHPF]\QQLN]VLHFL]HZQ WU]QHMRJU]HZDEH]SR UHGQLRSRPLHV]F]HQLD
DOHMHVWWRUDF]HMZ\M WHN
=Z\F]DMRZRXZD DVL  HJG\PRFFLHSOQDNRWáyZMHVWPQLHMV]DQL 0:MHVW
WR NRWáRZQLD ORNDOQD 3U]\ ZL NV]\FK PRFDFK QRVL RQD QD]Z  FLHSáRZQL -H HOL
Z NRWáDFK SURGXNRZDQD MHVW SDUD NWyUD Z SLHUZV]\P U] G]LH WUDILD GR WXUELQ
SDURZ\FK QDS G]DM F\FK JHQHUDWRU\ SU GX HOHNWU\F]QHJR D GRSLHUR F] FLRZR
UR]SU RQD MHVW NLHURZDQD GR Z\PLHQQLNyZ FLHSáD JG]LH SRGJU]HZD PHGLXP
UR]SURZDG]DM FH FLHSáR GR RGELRUFyZ WR ]DNáDG WDNL QRVL QD]Z  HOHNWURFLHSáRZQL



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

.RJHQHUXMH VL 
ZQLP]DUyZQRHQHUJL HOHNWU\F]Q MDNLFLHSáR



 

…„ ˆ
y€ |‚ƒ „}‡

ó
{† ‹Ž
€} €} ™
 z Œ}‹Ž ˆ †’ Ž† „Œ† ‚
•• ‡‰}ˆ €† ‹ †  Š }ƒ y Ž}}

ó

„ƒ €” ‚ ’{† ‹
 ‹ƒ €{† }‡ …  „‹
{z ˜ ‰‡‚ }
Œ}‡ ‹
€‚ 
‹ˆ €† ‹z Š „‚
ó

‰‡‚  ‰‡‚ƒ

• |
„Ž† ‚ ‹ˆ |
€” ˆ |Ž† „‚
{z €y }‹
Š }‹‰ | † }
ˆ |Ž Ž† ˆ
 „† ‹ y Ž| ‹ ’ }Ž†Ž‹  ‡Ž‚ Š }‰‹
† |  ‡ y Ž‰‹ „†
Ž Œ† |
 „†
†
ˆƒ ‹ˆˆ † ‹ ©¨
 Ž‡ ‚ | „† ‹  ¦®
‹ˆˆ “| y Ž‰ ‹„† † ®ž
Ž† ˆ  ± ­²­«
y Ž‰‹ƒ † ‹ °
’ }Ž† š
Š „† ‹ ‹† €› ƒ ” ¯ ­«
ˆ‚ ‘ ˆƒ {z ­®¬
€• ”
{z ¦
©ª«
§¨
¥ ¦Ÿ
¤ž
£  
¡¢  
ŸE 
ž

|
 „Ž† ‚
€† ‹z |Ž Š }ˆ  z }Œ‹Ž
  ‡Ž‚ ‰‹„† ‡‰}ˆ €† ‹ † 
ó

Ž‹ ‹ˆ † ‹ ` i
`^ ‚
†‚ ‚ g ^~ g ^h
Œ}‹
‹Ž† { „}‚
{ ‹ }
“ |Ž yz Š Ž† ‹‰ € ‡z “ |Ž
tl qs {y }| q
rs ^ a z‚ † ‹ –œ ‹ Š |
–— ‹
€y ‹
Š Œ|
€ tm
s o mp f` ]e_ ` b cad z y€ ‹ € Œ
r sq r sq r vwu † }  }‹
† } } ]^_
Ž| †‘ ‹ o n mp o mp l n xm |Ž †‘ 
lm r vw t v
jku jkv j 



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

Oprócz omówionych systemów ogrzewania opartych QD NRWáRZQLDFK PR QD


VSRWNDü FKRü Z\M WNRZR V\VWHP\ RJU]HZDQLD HOHNWU\F]QHJR &RUD] ZL NV]H
]DVWRVRZDQLHPDV\VWHPRJU]HZDQLDSURPLHQQLNRZHJR3ROHJDRQQDRJU]HZDQLXFLDá
QLH QD GURG]H NRQZHNFML OHF] SURPLHQLRZDQLD 6\VWHP\ WH V  FRUD] F] FLHM
VWRVRZDQH GR RJU]HZDQLD RNUHVRZHJR GX \FK KDO NR FLRáyZ L LQQ\FK RELHNWyZ
ZLHONRNXEDWXURZ\FK

8U] G]HQLDLSRG]HVSRá\V\VWHPyZJU]HZF]\FK
HOLZQ\NRFLRáZRGQ\GRFHQWUDOQHJRRJU]HZDQLDSRND]DQRQDU\VXQNX



. M.'³ 2     N=+QT=2´? 4+AYB :+5I
:2F.I< = :.Q 
< 56'D4 :+ E
 2
Z5E=+=+D G 5IC .
:.':.  =2 .Q'D+H
 :2F.
ZD+J 
 =C< 2– =22D2M  = 5E+.'QD2O –
< 
5IK@KL
< 59DR  –    =
– – – – –

3U]HZRG\ ZHZQ WU]QHM LQVWDODFML FHQWUDOQHJR RJU]HZDQLD V  Z\NRQ\ZDQH ] UXU
VWDORZ\FK FKRü Z RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK FRUD] F] FLHM VWRVXMH VL  SU]HZRG\ ] PLHG]L
L]WZRU]\ZV]WXF]Q\FK7HRVWDWQLHG]L NLRGSRZLHGQLPNOHMRPV EDUG]RSURVWHZ
Z\NRQDQLX *U]HMQLNL PRQWRZDQH Z SRPLHV]F]HQLDFK RJU]HZDQ\FK SRND]DQR QD
U\VXQNDFK–



 


.  . Oµ5I 89=     =+T+>=  ´? 4A


B
+>= CC>56 89= .'D4 .'5E
@>'5I 89= D

G '59
\>56 8E= .' –Q:25I < QD
H – .;>'56 89=2 .C'D+J FE
 .
– –


. Rµ56 89=2 @6<   Q:+ < QL? 4+A



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

1D NROHMQ\FK U\VXQNDFK SRND]Dno zawór termostatyczny przygrzejnikowy firmy


'DQIRVV U\V RUD]VDPRF]\QQ\RGSRZLHWU]QLNWHUPLF]Q\ U\V 



  . ¶#
C75< 
5IK@26< 
< =+Q:5E2>'5E 89=2 .N\· >++ I 5IK\Q¸C
=. 299¹YB
=
5 < .:+5I 

= 'T'D+4 >= +2D
G I:+5 – =.:.K@2
= 'DH 6< 5I
.–;= '9 
=2 'D

J 6:5 =;+2  8 'D2–M < 5E:2  >' C 
D
O –P+F+TK@ 'E.'D+R :–+5 <  5E>F '
989='D

 < 
5IK@+E< 
< –=.DV U K@ 'E

– –

3RGVWDZRZ\PHOHPHQWHP]GDODF]\QQHJRV\VWHPXRJU]HZDQLD
V  NRWá\ SDURZH omówione w rozdziale 8  OXE NRWá\ ZRGQH
3RGJU]HZDQLHZRG\RELHJRZHMSDU RGE\ZDVL ZZ\PLHQQLNDFK
QDRJyáSáDV]F]RZRUXURZ\FK U\V 
'R VLHFL FLHSOQHM WUDILD SU]HZD QLH JRU FD ZRGD 3U]HZRG\
]ZRG  FLHSá  ELHJQ  Z NDQDáDFK U\V   QD SRZLHU]FKQL
÷ P QDG JUXQWHP OXE QD HVWDNDGDFK : SU]\SDGNX
SU]HZRdówSUHL]RORZDQ\FKXNáDGDVL MHZJUXQFLHEH]NDQDáRZR
,]RODFM  SU]HZRGyZ VWDQRZL ZHáQD PLQHUDOQD L LQQH PDWHULDá\
XNáDGDQH QD UXURFL JX L ]DEH]SLHF]DQH RWXOLQ  ] EODFK\
DOXPLQLRZHM OXE VWDORZHM 3U]HZRG\ SUHL]RORZDQH V  SRNU\ZDQH
ZDUVWZ  SROLXUHWDQX (OHPHQW\ VNáDGRZH UXURFL JyZ
SUHL]RORZDQ\FKSRND]DQRQDU\VXQNX

.  . U.+º2
K@2=+=2\+:.Q 
< 5I= C< Y56K\ =+L? 4+AYB
 + <:.C < 5E'D4 K\ 'E
C  ' Y. '=+\6<  Q+K»>56P2 
KLD
– – G
I:+5 =.;++ 6.T



 


ÄÅÆ ­
­ªÀ
¥Ÿ
Á ¦§
ž
Á ²¦
©ª«
§
¯¦
¯Ã
®®
 ž«
Á ¦¬  
¯¨
¯ ²¦Ÿ
°ž
¨¬
­²«¬
¦
° ©ª«
ˬ
¬ž
ª¨
ª¿
¨¬ ¾
¨²«
Ÿ
½ ¼ ­«
¡¡  
¡¢  
Ÿ 
ž






!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 


. 4.5I2 Q
=
7k9 ' 
:2  =  8;? 4A
B¹V:+5E6YP56+T
=+ F+Q\· + KL

Z 59=2 ¹6D
P¹V:+5EI
P+5I.'T
=2Q <  T·I+ C .E2
Z 59'= ¹ID2¹V
=.
:56'
Z2+=2Q  2 F+=+.
989=2VBV  + ' 8

 +  8
< Y56K\ =.'D G Q 59'P.
< =D+H :2 < :+5I25IT 8 :59IY–P+56.T
='D
2×lepikiem asfaltowym, 2 –
J .
=.
2:+5E'IYP+5I.C
=2D  P.
<  TÇ 'Q2ÈD2M –    8
:+56–  Q  >++ T'D+O  +  8
< Y56K\ =.'D
R–   >NP. 
Z+T6<  Q 8D2 :.+'F.E.:+5EI
P+5I–.'T
=.'DV U 
ZFQP
< =.DV 2 –

4 .YP. ; 
2< 5E+
=
5E>+
< –=;+<  
.KTF2= '
989=2'D G 56F–592 >+.9  
:. =– 8przewód
DV H gazowy,
– – – przewód
Q+22 >+Q2D J :+5I
C72N.
=.  
989=2 < 2=+D M
– – przewód kanalizacyjny grawitacyjny



 


D 



E 
F

 
G  H

I  
J 


. G W  
K@=+< \62 C5IF+5E2 >+7É:+5E + 'T
=2
ZVB+¹VC +'@+>+7+ =2 56F+5E2 >'F.DP¹.56F59:5926< 'D
¹V5EF+ 8
'D+¹.+ 
=T 2U
:.Q 
< 56 8 °,
+e)KÊtrójnik,
?9 YAS· f)>++kompensator,
   5IK\QË#Ì µCg)º2Í zawór
Ì;ÎXkulowy
+ EQº:Vzjednym
. 2 ¹ zaworem



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

3U]HZRG\]FLHSá ZRG V DOERXVWDZLDQHQDSRGSRUDFKVWDá\FKOXEUXFKRP\FK


DOER SRGZLHV]DQH 1D U\VXQNX  SU]HGVWDZLRQR SU]\NáDG\ SRGSyU UXFKRP\FK
L ]DZLHV]H  D QD U\VXQNX  SU]\NáDG\ SRGSyU VWDá\FK 7H RVWDWQLH XVWDZLD VL 
ZSXQNWDFKZNWóU\FKUXURFL JPXVLEH]Z]JO GQLHSR]RVWDZDüZVSRF]\QNX


2.  . H.X:.5IQ5IF.
ZK@;2YC 'E
= 5IF+5E2 +> 7É  
:+ C ? G A
B
¹V:.:.5E   >+'T'D'P¹:. > ¹YC 6
= 
pora wózkowa, c–


.  . J.+:.'56\6< 
Q? G A
B¹:.:.59;+Y=
ÉP
< = 'DP.¹:.+':.5E;29=.=P. :. 'K@ 8




 


0L G]\ SRGSRUDPL VWDá\PL ]QDMGXM  VL  NRPSHQVDWRU\ U\V ), które


XPR OLZLDM G\ODWDFM WHUPLF]Q UXU


  . M.³ KT:


=.Y
< 5I\· N2 F = . ¹V5IF+5E+ +> 7Ï:.Y5E 
ZT 
:+  8#Q+´? G AYB
¹V:.E8
=.T' 
 = QD'P.¹V:+C7E89=2C 
 2=  
owy, c) lirowy, d) typu „U”

8]EURMHQLH SU]HZRGyZ VWDQRZL  Uy QHJR URG]DMX ]DZRU\ 1D U\VXQNX 
SU]HGVWDZLRQR SU]\NáDG\ WDNLHM DUPDWXU\ -HM SU]H]QDF]HQLH WR UHJXODFMD L
]DEH]SLHF]HQLHSUDF\VLHFL
'R WHJR FHOX VáX  WH  SU]\U] G\ SRPLDURZH PRQWRZDQH QD ZORFLH L Z\ORFLH ]
VLHFLDWDN HZNRPRUDFKUHZL]\MQ\FKVLHFLFLHSOQHM U\V 



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

  . O.¶#
C5I\6:.'< 
=2=.:+56
C++'
Z\9 . 
:. = 8;? G AYB
P.¹
Q75 E =2D2¹V6F+T
a) zawór normalny,



 




. 'R2³QK\5YY ' 
: = 8#N.=
=. > ´? G A
B
:.+':.5E;E< 
'D4 +C= D G 6< F2 
=+.;6:+F.6< C'D

H  =Y8

+< 5–:.Y5E \ Q< –'

=2 C+



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

: Z OH FLHSOQ\P FLHSáD ZRGD VLHFLRZD RGGDMH FLHSáR ZRG]LH RELHJRZHM ]


ZHZQ WU]QHMVLHFLJU]HZF]HM1DU\VXQNXSU]HGVWDZLRQRSU]\NáDGZ\PLHQQLND
NWyU\PR HVSHáQLDüW URO 



.  .ÐÑ+K\ =+= L 
:+ < +:+FCC++ C++:+56
=.=+C2Q:5Y
QÏ  
Z\ 
:+  = 

ZÒ? 4A
B
'= .+9.C–'D G :+ < Y < T;· < 5E+ + =.¹ID+H   =2 Z  .+ 2 =
·  
C+Ó+:+59
Q2I+5 < =¹EDJ :56>5E+2;·  .–  
C C¹6D+M 59' D2O :2– '6DR +567Ô:+ 6
D
– króciec wlotowy, 2 –
– : Y5   QKL
=  8 
DV U – – –
– – króciec wylotowy

(OHPHQW\ ZHZQ WU]QHM VLHFL JU]HZF]HM V  EDUG]R ]EOL RQH GR RPyZLRQ\FK
ZF]H QLHMHOHPHQWyZXNáDGXFHQWUDOQHJRRJU]HZDQLD



 


8U] G]HQLDLV\VWHP\ZHQW\ODFML

6\VWHP\ZHQW\ODFMLSRPLHV]F]H 

6LáD QDS GRZD L RUJDQL]DFMD SURFHVX Z\PLDQ\ SRZLHWU]D Z UR]SDWU\ZDQ\FK


SRPLHV]F]HQLDFKMHVWSRGVWDZ SRG]LDáXQD
¾ZHQW\ODFM QDWXUDOQ 
¾ZHQW\ODFM PHFKDQLF]Q 
:HQW\ODFMD QDWXUDOQD RGE\ZD VL  SRG G]LDáDQLHP VLá Z\PXV]DM F\FK UXFK
SRZLHWU]DDSRZVWDá\FKZZ\QLNXSURFHVyZSU]HELHJDM F\FKZQDWXU]HEH]VSUDZF]HM
LQJHUHQFMLF]áRZLHND tj. w wyniku istnienia wiatru i nierównomiernego nagrzewania
VL OXEFKáRG]HQLDUy Q\FKPDVSRZLHWU]D
:Z\QLNXW\ch procesówSRPL G]\RWRF]HQLHPDSRPLHV]F]HQLDPLZEXG\QNDFK
Z\WZDU]DM  VL  Uy QLFH FL QLHQLD NWyUH SRZRGXM  SU]HSá\Z SRZLHWU]D :HQW\ODFMD
QDWXUDOQD SROHJD QD W\P DE\ WDN Z\NRU]\VWDü WH ]MDZLVND HE\ ZLH H SRZLHWU]H
QDSá\ZDáR GR SRPLHV]F]H  D ]X \WH ] SRPLHV]F]H  Z\Sá\ZDáR 0R QD ZL F
SRPLHV]F]HQLD SU]HZLHWU]Dü SU]H] RWZLHUDQLH RNLHQ PR QD WDN EXGRZDü SU]HJURG\
EXGRZODQHE\QLHE\á\]XSHáQLHV]F]HOQHLSRZLHWU]HPRJáRSU]H]QLHLQILOWURZDüOXE
WH  NRQVWUXRZDü Z EXG\QNDFK RGSRZLHGQLH NDQDá\ ZHQW\ODF\MQH L RWZRU\ Z
]HZQ WU]Q\FK SU]HJURGDFK EXGRZODQ\FK DE\ SU]HSá\Z SRZLHWU]D SU]H]
SRPLHV]F]HQLDXáDWZLDüLE\PyFQLPVWHURZDü
:HQW\ODFMD QDWXUDOQD QLH ]DZV]H VSHáQLD VZRMH ]DGDQLH FKRüE\ GODWHJR H
]MDZLVNDPL DWPRVIHU\F]Q\PL F]áRZLHN QLH VWHUXMH $E\ ZL F XQLH]DOH QLü VL  RG
ZDrunków pogodowych VWRVXMH VL  ZHQW\ODFM  SROHJDM F  QD Z\PXV]HQLX UXFKX
SRZLHWU]D ]D SRPRF  PDV]\Q\ VSU DM FHM QS ZHQW\ODWRUD -HVW WR ZHQW\ODFMD
PHFKDQLF]QD
2UJDQL]DFMD SURFHVyZ ZHQW\ODFML PHFKDQLF]QHM PR H E\ü SRG\NWRZDQD
Uy Q\PL Z]JO GDPL 0R QD ZL F UyZQRPLHUQLH Z\PLHQLDü SRZLHWU]H ZH
ZV]\VWNLFK ZHQW\ORZDQ\FK SRPLHV]F]HQLDFK QLHNRQLHF]QLH ] WDN  VDP 
SU GNR FL  ZH ZV]\VWNLFK  DOER – JG\ LVWQLHMH Z\UD QLH Z\G]LHORQH UyGáR
]DQLHF]\V]F]HQLD
– VWRVRZDü ZHQW\ODFM  PLHMVFRZ  NWyU  Z\NRQXMH VL  Z SRVWDFL RGFL JyZ
PLHMscowych, nawiewów miejscowych lub tzw. kurtyn powietrznych. Wymiana
SRZLHtrza w pomieszczeniu wymaga istnienia co najmniej dwóch strumieni gazu:
GRVWDUF]DQHJR QDZLHZDQHJR  L XVXZDQHJR Z\ZLHZDQHJR  'ODWHJR WH 
ZHQW\ODFM PHFKDQLF]Q PR QDSRG]LHOLüQD
¾QDZLHZQ JG]LHZVSRPDJDVL PHFKDQLF]QLHGRVWDUF]DQLH ZLH HJRSRZLHWU]D
¾Z\ZLHZQ JG\GRW\F]\WRSRZLHWU]DXVXZDQHJR
¾QDZLHZQRZ\ZLHZQ  Z NWyUHM GZRPD QLH]DOH Q\PL ZHQW\ODWRUDPL UHDOL]XMH
VL RE\GZDSURFHV\



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 

2UJDnizacja procesów wentylowania mechanicznego wymaga wydzielenia


ZHZQ WU] EXG\QNX OXE Z MHJR SREOL X SRPLHV]F]H  Z NWyU\FK PR QD E\ E\áR
SRVDGRZLü XU] G]HQLD ] QLPL ]ZL ]DQH 7DNLH SRPLHV]F]HQLH QRVL QD]Z 
ZHQW\ODWRURZQL

8U] G]HQLDLSRG]HVSRá\V\VWHPyZZHQW\ODF\MQ\FK
8NáDG ZHQW\ODFML QDWXUDOQHM SU]HGVWDZLRQR QD U\VXQNX  .DQDá\
ZHQW\ODF\MQH V  ]D]Z\F]DM Z\NRQ\ZDQH Z FLDQDFK EXG\QNX WDN E\ SUDNW\F]QLH ]
ND GHJR SRPLHV]F]HQLD E\á MHGHQ RGG]LHOQ\ SU]HZyG 1LHNLHG\ Z\NRQXMH VL  SRG
RNQDPL QDZLHtrzaki, przez które SRZLHWU]H ZSá\ZD GR SRPLHV]F]H  GRVWDMH VL  RQR
UyZQLH  GURJ  LQILOWUDFML SU]H] QLHV]F]HOQH GU]ZL L RNQD :\ZLHZ RGE\ZD VL  SU]H]
NUDWNL ZHQW\ODF\MQH 1DWXUDOQD NURWQR ü Z\PLDQ\ SRZLHWU]D Z SRPLHV]F]HQLDFK
Z\QRVL RG  GR
UD]\ZFL JXJRG]LQ\


 =.   < 5E 8:+5I


=2 'E =;+=.



 


. 42UÕN2  C
=+< 2 ' 8
+=.
< F59 =2 8BV < Q56 :.++'. 
=2=2=.C 
 =N· =.
C < 56
 ¹ED
4 +59
< 2C
=< 2 '
E89='D G .
=
C
=+< 2– '
98E=2.D+H K@ =.D2J  5IF+< = ;2
Z'T
– – – –

6\VWHPZHQW\ODFMLPHFKDQLF]QHMQDZLHZQRZ\ZLHZQHMSU]HGVWDZLRQRQDU\VXQNX
 &]H ü QDZLHZQ  UR]SRF]\QD F]HUSQLD SRZLHWU]D NWyUD SRZLQQD E\ü
XV\WXRZDQDw miejscu, w którym gwarantowany jest dRSá\Z ZLH HJRSRZLHWU]DQDG
JUXQWHP U\V QD FLDQLHOXEQDGDFKX


. 4X '+º
Z2KL
<.Q
=+< 2 ' 8
2=2
C 
 =+Ó N+C 
 = 8BV 
Y5I:2= :.C 
< 56D4 Q
=+< 2 
< 5
QC 
Q=2D G 6F+C'DH I  < 5X:C 
< 5E'DJ =>'5E
N– = 'D+M Q
=+< 2 
< 5S=
–C 
 =+D
O C
=+< 2 
< '59–N= 'DR < F+–K@ D2 +5E
< +=.
C– 
 =2'D U :.K\– 'E

= C
=+< 2 T
='D
+– 59
< 2 C 
 ='D– 4 .
=.
–QQ+Q 
Q='DV G  56–F+< = D
H .
=.Y Q=.
Q 
 =
– – – –

ÛH

Ü
GÚ Ö2Ý ×6 #Ø K



!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 


. 424.ÕT6< F2T
= ;
5I:2=2+C+ =.T6< 68  8B

– Þß6à+áâ ã+ä – åæ
áæ
çèéêYßIë2áìã2í – îEï æ
â åæ'ãð – æñ à2éIò
ê

3RZLHWU]H SU]HG GDOV]  REUyEN  WUDILD GR ILOWUD U\V ), w któryP MHVW
RF]\V]F]DQH ] ]DQLHF]\V]F]H  PHFKDQLF]Q\FK 6WRVRZDQH V  ILOWU\ ROHMRZH
ZáyNQLQRZH
DGRGRNáDGQHJRRF]\V]F]DQLD–OLJQLQRZH

ý+þ2þ

ó 
ìîôõö.ô äí.ô÷Néï æ
ç åæø ï ñ â ß9æ'è
ì9òEá.æ;ø ï ñ â ßIàCùCê
áâ ì2ñ æ'è
ìEòYáêÞ2ú@û ä+ü

2F]\V]F]RQH SRZLHWU]H WUDILD GR QDJU]HZQLF\ XUXFKDPLDQHM wówczas, gdy
SRZLHWU]H QDZLHZQH MHVW ]LPQLHMV]H RG Z\PDJDQHJR QRUPDPL  w której jest
RJU]HZDQH FLHSá  ZRG  SDU  OXE SU GHP 1D U\VXQNX  SRND]DQR SU]\NáDG
QDJU]HZQLF\ ZRGQHM 3RZLHWU]H ] QDJU]HZQLF\ GRSá\ZD GR NUyüFD VVDZQHJR
ZHQW\ODWRUD JG]LH XOHJD VSU HQLX VWRSLH  VSU HQLD σ   ÷  QDVW SQLH
SRSU]H] WáXPLN MHVW NLHURZDQH GR NDQDáyZ SU]HZRGyZ  UR]SURZDG]DM F\FK MH SR
SRPLHV]F]HQLDFK ZHQW\ORZDQ\FK 3U]HZRG\ V  Z\NRQ\ZDQH ] WZRU]\Z V]WXF]Q\FK
OXE EODFK\ VWDORZHM 1D U\VXQNX  SU]HGVWDZLRQR HOHPHQW\ SU]HZRGyZ 0RJ 
RQHPLHüSU]HNURMHSURVWRN WQH R]QDF]DQHOLWHU $ OXENRáRZH R]QDF]RQHOLWHU % 
,FKZ\PLDU\SRSU]HF]QHV ]QRUPDOL]RZDQH'áXJR ü]D ]DOH \RGZ\NRQDZF\LRG
SODQXVLHFLà F]RQHV SU]HZD QLH]DSRPRF NRáQLHU]\L UXE.DQDá\V SRGSLHUDQH



ó
úéÿéï æ
ç õö

OXESRGZLHV]DQHQDSRGSRUDFKLSRGZLHV]HQLDFKNWyU\FKSU]\NáDG\SU]HGVWDZLRQRQD
U\VXQNX
:\Sá\Z SRZLHWU]D ] NDQDáyZ RGE\ZD VL  SU]H] QDZLHZQLNL 0RJ  WR E\ü Z
QDMSURVWV]\P SU]\SDGNX NUDWNL ZHQW\ODF\MQH ]QRUPDOL]RZDQH  SU]HGVWDZLRQH QD
U\VXQNX D 0R QD WH  VSRWNDü EDUG]LHM UR]EXGRZDQH QDZLHZQLNL NWyUH
NV]WDáWXM  EU\á  Z\Sá\ZDM FHJR SRZLHWU]D =DQLHF]\V]F]RQH SRZLHWU]H MHVW XVXZDQH
SRGREQ\P V\VWHPHP NDQDáyZ Z\ZLHZQ\FK 'RSá\ZD RQR GR W\FK NDQDáyZ SU]H]
NUDWNLZ\ZLHZQH U\VE ZNWyU\FKREV]DU]HWZRU]\VL SRGFL QLHQLHZ\ZRáDQH
ZHQW\ODWRUHPZ\ZLHZQ\P

ó
ì2îô.õö.ô ä+ðôÏúÿá.æá.æÞ'ß6éê
ù á2ï è'æë.ú'ùCï ê
â ßIéæ û äü




!#"$ %'&()+*, & ,+(&*.- /0 )21 3) 





 

 
ó ý
ì îôõö.ô ä ô ñ ê\êá+â ì
ë+ß9ú+î6â úå â áìè\ï+å.úç ú'ùQìè
ë+ß6éê
ùCú dów wentylacyò9á2ìè 
æ' ã Vë+ßEú+î6â åï ã
è'ã+ÿ Vç à+åïï2åú+ñ æ
á.æ'ã
e, f) trójnï åï ã
Þ2 ã Xÿìø à2éúßIì



ó
úéÿéï æ
ç õö
ó
ìîôõ
ö.ô ä.ôXú+ÿ'ëæYß9èï æ;ï+ë.úÿùCï ê'îEé'ê
áï æå.æ
á.æ
ç ùÉùCê
áâ ì2ñ æ'è
ìEò9á2ìè+æâ ìë2àTãVâ ìë2à û äü




ó
ìîô.õö.ô ä .ô!NßEæ
â å.ï+ùCê
á+â ì+ñ æ'è
ì9ò9áê"+æVá.æ
ùCï ê
ù á.æ'ã Vù ìùCï ê
ù áæQû ä+ü#
õ – ú 2à2ÿ+úùTæ'ãä – ñ ï î6â ùCæ'ã+í – ú2î6ç ú'áæé î9ï æ
â å.ï
:D Q\PHOHPHQWHPXNáDGyZZHQW\ODF\MQ\FKV SRG]HVSRá\UHJXOXM FHSU]HSá\Z
SRZLHWU]D 1D U\VXQNX  SU]HGVWDZLRQR SU]HSXVWQLFH L ]DVXZ\ NWyUH PR QD
ZEXGRZDüZSU]HZRG\





$&%(' ) *+-,".(/ *0/"+-*.1 243 , 5 6,




ó
ìîôõ
ö.ô ä72ôXú+ÿéê'î6ëúç ì ß9êÞà2ñ àYò èêë+ß6éê
ë+ç ìùÉùÏåæ
á.æ
ç æè#CùCê
á+â ì2ñ æ'è
ìYòEá2ìè4
æVë+ßIéê
ë2àî6â á2ï èæ"õ – ç ú ì2îEåú2ãä – ë+ß6éêîEç úá.æ'ã+í – à+ßIé ÿéê
áï êá.æ'î6â æ
ùTè
éê'ãð – ú ý 2àÿ+úùCæéå.úç áï ê
ßIéêLã
éæîEàùTæë+ßEú2î6â " æ õ – ú+àÿ+úùCæ'ã+ä – ë+ß6éêî6ç ú'á.æ'ã+í – ë+ßEúùTæÿá2ï èæ'ãð – å.úç áï ê
ß6éã – ßIà".æ;ÿú2èï î6å.úùCæ û äü
3RZLHWU]H Z\ZLHZDQH MHVW Z\U]XFDQH GR RWRF]HQLD SU]H] Z\U]XWQLH 6  RQH
]D]Z\F]DM XPLHV]F]DQH QD GDFKX Z GRVWDWHF]QHM RGOHJáR FL RG F]HUSQL E\ QLH
]DV\VDü SRZLHWU]D Z\ZLHZDQHJR 1D U\VXQNX  SU]HGVWDZLRQR SU]\NáDG
NRQVWUXNFMLZ\U]XWQLGDFKRZHM



ó
úéÿéï æ
ç õö

ó
ìîô.õö.ô äöôÑìß6éà+â á2ï æ;ÿ2æè2úùTæQû ä+ü

/LWHUDWXUD
>@Katalog elementów sieci cieplnych firmy LOGSTOR.
>@.89 :<;<= 7 .>@?<A&9 => . 6=BC=>@?D:-9 ;  - 2JU]HZQLFWZR ZHQW\ODFMD L NOLPDW\]DFMD :6L3
:DUV]DZD
>@. EDF9 GH= B 6)=DRSDWU]HQLHZFLHSáRPLDVWLSU]HP\VáX:\G%XGRZQLFWZRL$UFKLWHNWXUD
:DUV]DZD




You might also like