EXPERIMENT NO: 04

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: Study of DSB-SC demodulation using Product Detection.

Objective:
1. To understand the operation theory of double sideband suppressed carrier DSB-SC
demodulator.
2. To design and implement the DSB-SC demodulator.
3. To measure and adjust the DSB-SC demodulator.
Basic theory:
DSBSC signals are demodulated using a circuit called a product detector (though product
demodulator is a more appropriate name) and its basic block diagram is shown in Figure I
below. Other names for this type of demodulation include a synchronous detector and,
switching detector.

As its name implies, the product detector uses multiplication and so mathematics are
necessary to explain its operation. The incoming DSBSC signal is multiplied by a pure
sinewave that must be the same frequency as the DSBSC signal's suppressed carrier. This
sine wave is generated by the receiver and is known as the local carrier.
To see why this process recovers the message, let's describe product detection
mathematically:
DSBSC demodulator ' s Output =the DSBSC signal ×the local carrierImportantly, recall that
DSBSC generation involves the multiplication of the message with the carrier which
produces sum and difference frequencies (the preliminary discussion in Experiment 6
summarizes DSBSC generation). That being the case, this information can be substituted for
the DSBSC signal and the equation rewritten as:
DSBSC demodulator ' s output= [ ( carrier + message ) - ( carrier- message ) ] ×carrierWhen the
equation is solved, we get four sine waves with the following frequencies:
 Carrier + (carrier + message)
 Carrier −¿(carrier - message)
 Carrier - (carrier + message), which simplifies to just the message
 Carrier - (carrier - message) which also simplifies to just the message
(If you're not sure why these sine waves are produced, it's important to remember that
whenever two pure sine waves are multiplied together, two completely new sine waves are
generated. One has a frequency equal to the sum of the original sine waves' frequencies and
the other has a frequency equal to their difference.)
Importantly, notice that two of the products are sine waves at the message frequency. In other

words, the message has been recovered. As the two message signals are in phase, they simply
add
together to make one larger message.
Notice also that two of the products are non-message sine waves. These sine waves are
unwanted and So a low-pass filter is used to reject them while keeping the message.
Required Equipment:
l. Power supply (ETEK - 2002 module)
2. Signal Generator (ETEK — 2002 module)
3. Oscilloscope
4. ETEK ACS-3000-03 module

Circuit

Diagram:
1.

To implement a DSB-SC modulator as shown in Figure 7. or refer to Figure ACS-5-1 on

ETEK ACS-3000-03 module to produce the modulated DSB-SC source.
2. To implement a product detector of DSB-SC demodulator as shown in Figure 3 or refer to
Figure ACS 6-1 on ET EK ACS-3000-03 module. Then let J1 be short circuit and J2 be
open circuit.
3. At the audio signal input port (Audio in Figure-2, input a 300mV amplitude and 1kHZ
sine wave frequency. Then at the carried signal input port (Carrier ILO) in ACS2, input a
300mV amplitude and 200 kHz sine wave frequency.
4. By using oscilloscope, observe on both the audio signal output ports TPI and TP2 in
figure-2 at the same time. Next adjust variable resistor “OPS” so that the phase difference
between TPI and TP2 is 90°. Then by using oscilloscope, observe on both the carrier
signal output ports TP3 and TP4. Next adjust variable resistor "Phase Adjust" so that the
phase difference between TP3 and TP4 is 90°.
5. By using oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveforms of modulation output port
(TP5). Next adjust variable resistor VR, (gain adjustment) so that the output amplitude of
the carrier signal is maximum without distortion, and also adjust variable resistor
(modulation index adjustment) so that the center level of upper peak and lower peak is 0
V or the modulation index is 100%. By using oscilloscope again, observe on the output
signal waveforms of DSB-SC1 modulation output port (TP6). Next adjust variable resistor
VR4 (gain adjustment) so that the output amplitude of the carrier signal is maximum
without distortion, and also adjust variable resistor VR 4 (modulation index adjustment) so
that the center level of upper peak and lower peak is 0 V or the modulation index is
100%.
6. Connect the modulated DSB-SC1 signal (DSB-SC1 in Figure-2 to the input terminal
(DSB-SC/SSB I/P) of the product detector in Figure ACS2. At the same time, input the
same carrier signal in Figure-2 to the carrier signal input port (Carrier VP) in Figure-2.
7. By using oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveforms of the product detector
(Audio O/P) in Figure ACS2. Next adjust variable resistors VR 1 and VR2, so that the
output amplitude is maximum without distortion. Finally, record/draw the output signal
waveforms of the demodulated signal (Audio O/P) in Table 4-1
8. Let J1 be open circuit and J2 be short circuit. Then repeat step 7 and record the measured
results in Table 4-2.
Measured Results:
Table – 4.1: Measured results of DSB-SC modulator (J1 be short circuit, J2 be open circuit)
Audio I/P

Audio O/P

Table – 4.2: Measured results of DSB-SC modulator (J1 be open circuit, J2 be short circuit)
Audio I/P

Audio O/P

Some technical questions:

l. What diode detection technique was not used?
2. What are the problems of product detection technique?

Report Format
Report should be written by following below steps:
1. Objective
2. Basic theory
3. Equipment/Apparatus
4. Connection diagram or Block diagram
5. Input, Output
6. Discussion
7. Answer to the given questions