Drug study
Student name: Cadawan, Erika Anne M.
Patient’s Initial: MRC Age: 21
Patient’s Chief Complaint: MRC complains of dysuria for 4 days
Doctors Drug Dosage and route of Action/ Therapeutic
Order: Classification administration Effect
Urinary Tract Anti- Dosage: The mechanism of the
Macrodantin Infective Take with food. 50– antimicrobial action of
Antibacterial 100mg 4 times daily for at nitrofurantoin is unusual
least 7 days. among antibacterials.
Nitrofurantoin is reduced
Route:  by bacterial flavoproteins
PO to reactive intermediates
which inactivate or alter
bacterial ribosomal
proteins and other
acromolecules. As a result
of such inactivations, the
vital biochemical
processes of protein
synthesis, aerobic energy
metabolism, DNA
synthesis, RNA synthesis,
and cell wall synthesis are
inhibited. Nitrofurantoin
is bactericidal in urine at
therapeutic doses. The
broad-based nature of this
mode of action may
explain the lack of
acquired bacterial
resistance to
nitrofurantoin, as the
Doctors Name (Initial): EAC, M.D
Side effects Contraindication Nursing Considerations
 Headache Anuria, oliguria, or significant  Arrange for C&S tests before and during
 Dizziness impairment of renal function therapy.
(creatinine clearance under 60  Give with food or milk to prevent GI
 Drowsiness
mL per minute or clinically upset.
 Weakness significant elevated serum  Continue drug for at least 3 days after
 Gas creatinine) are sterile urine.
 Indigestion contraindications. Treatment  Be alert to signs of urinary tract
 loss of of this type of patient carries superinfections (e.g., milky urine, foul-
appetite an increased risk of toxicity smelling urine, perineal irritation,
 nausea because of impaired excretion dysuria).
of the drug. 
 vomiting Assess for nausea (which occurs fairly
frequently). May be relieved by using
 muscle or
joint pain macrocrystalline preparation
(Macrodantin) or by reducing dosage.
 rash
 Be alert for and advise the patient to
 itching
report onset of muscle weakness,
 temporary tingling, numbness, or other sensations.
hair loss Peripheral neuropathy can be severe and
irreversible. Drug should be withdrawn
immediately.
 necessary multiple and
simultaneous mutations of
the target macromolecules
would likely be lethal to
the bacteria.

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https://www.rxlist.com/macrodantin-drug.htm#clinpharm