Publications

LIAH C CATEDRILLA

Ph.D. in Extension Education

Institute of Aquaculture
College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences
UP Visayas
Miagao, Iloilo
Publications

 Provide the most abstract type

of learning among the
communication media because
using them requires mastery of
printed verbal symbols, or in
short, reading skills
Publications

 These are often used by readers

individually, eliciting thought and
reflection on one’s own (except
for wall news)
Publications

 Most publications can cover a

material comprehensively and in
depth than presentation media
(e.g., slides, posters, billboards,
exhibits, radio, puppetry, film,
video, etc)
Publications

 Each specific type of publication

uses a specific type of message
treatment
Publications

 Most publications merely present

information

 Although they may be adapted in the

discussion or sharing modes (for the
feedback modes, specific types of
printed media need to be designed
(e.g., workbook and written feedback
forms or exercises)
Classification of Publications

 Time-bound publications - contain

information that are useful when new

 Timeless publications – may remain

useful over time although their
content needs to be updated from
time to time
Types of Publications

Photonovels and comics magazines

 Pictorial publications are popular as entertainment

media
 Useful in teaching values and attitudes
 May also contain messages toward increasing
awareness and understanding about innovations
and their merits
 Use dialogue and pictures in revealing information
in the story

Photonovels portrays scenes in a story in photographs

Comics magazines use illustrations

Types of Publications

Fact sheets

 Loose papers containing information about a

person, thing or innovation

 May be updated, depending on developments on

research and in the field, by issuing additional
pages when needed

 Compiled by the user, who may discard the

pages containing outdated information once the
new developments are circulated

 Useful in keeping extension workers, educated

farmers and researchers updated about
agricultural technologies.
Types of Publications

Manuals, handbooks, brochures and

leaflets

 Provide details about the learning task,

such as technology, in varying degrees

 In technology transfer, they provide

enough practical information that
technology uses need so that they can
correctly apply innovation

 Type of publication depends on how

extensive is the message or the learning
task to be learned
Types of Publications

Manuals, handbooks, brochures and

leaflets

Manuals are more comprehensive and

may contain a whole range of
practices from preparing land to
harvesting and marketing a crop.
Types of Publications

Manuals, handbooks, brochures and

leaflets

Handbooks may focus only on some

parts of the farm production cycles.
They are handy in size.
Types of Publications

Manuals, handbooks, brochures and

leaflets

Brochures or pamphlets contain fewer pages

than handbooks.

Leaflets are single-sheet publications which

may be folded in different ways. It deals
with very specific topic, while a brochure
has a broader coverage.
Types of Publications
Handouts

 Are loose sheets of paper (like fact sheets) intended

to supplement spoken instructions or those
conveyed through the presentation media

 May contain excerpts from a publication where the

publication is difficult to avail of

 Produced cheaply such as by mimeograph printing

or photocopying

 Are not mean to be mass produced but are primarily

used for instructional purposes
Types of Publications

Bulletins and circulars

 Are timely one-story publications ranging from one

to a few pages

 May be circulated to officers and members of farmer

associations, LGU officials and community media
outfits that may publish their contents for wider
dissemination

Bulletins contain timely news items and

announcements

Circulars feature specific products such as an

innovation
Types of Publications
Newsletter

Serves two purposes:

 as a house organ that facilitates

cooperation among members or subgroups
in an organization, such as a research and
extension program

 as a means of informing the clients of the

organization about developments within it
Types of Publications

Newsletter

 Varied range of topics may be published in a

newsletter, serving as some kind of miniature
newspaper with a specific coverage and audience

 Some of the news items may be about research

developments

 In a research or extension program, a newsletter is

circulated primarily to researchers and extensionists,
seldom to farmers

 Can serve as a means of keeping researchers and

extensionists in continuous and active contact
Types of Publications

Wall newspaper

 Serves the same function of the newsletter, except

that it sports a different format

 Occupies a larger spread and using larger texts for

easier reading at a distance

 Tacked on bulletin boards and walls

 A handful of readers may be reading the medium

simultaneously, and such a gathering may spawn
discussion of the wall newspaper contents
Types of Publications

Magazines

 May be for general patronage or for specific interest

groups such as agriculturists, farmers, or fisherfolk

 Magazines for general patronage are useful media for

reaching policymakers

 Magazines for specific interest groups are suited either

- for disseminating innovations to literate farmers

or fisherfolk, or

- for keeping communication free-flowing between the

researchers and extensionists or other specific
sectors
Types of Publications

Newspapers

 Are effective channels in affecting policy in

technology generation and transfer and
other areas of development

 Not only do policymakers read them, so do

the general urban public who influence
public policy