AMBOUNI

VERSI
TY

I
NSTI
TUTEOFTECHNOLOGYHACHALUHUNDESSACAMPUS

DEPARTMENTOFCOMPUTERSCI
ENCE

I
NTERNSHI
PREPORTON

NETWORKI
NSTALLATI
ONAT

AMBOUNI
VERSI
TYMAI
NCAMPUSI
CTOFFI
CE

BY

1)DEREJEBEKELE…………………………….
….BRT/
0113/
10

2)ALEMUWORKU…………………………………BRT/
0080/
10

3)BAYI
SABEKA…………………………………….
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0088/
10

4)DERARTUKASAHUN……………………………BRT/
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FORTHEFULLFI
LMENTOF

SEMESTERONEACADEMI
CYEAREC2013E.
C

SUBMI
SSI
ONDATE:

MARCH/
22/
2021G.
C
 Dedi
cat
ion
Thi
sInt
ernshi
prepor
twasdedi
cat
edt
oourGodandal
lourf
ri
endsbei
ngwi
thusandhel
ping
usi
neachandever
ydi
ff
icul
tywef
acedi
nthi
sInt
ernshi
prepor
tcompl
eti
on.

Pageiof2
Acknowl
edgement

Bef
oreallthi
ngswear eext
remel
ygr
atef
ultoourGODtheDir
ect
orofourl
if
eandwor
k.
Toallofourteacher
swhoteachusf
rom ABCD….Ztot
il
lnow.

Wewoul dli
ketothankMr .Ki
bebewChal awhoseencouragement,gui
danceandsupportfrom
thei
niti
alt
othefinall
evelenabledustodevelopandunderstandi
ngoftheacti
vit
yand
completei
tontime.Wewoul dliketothanksmysupervi
sor(ICThead)andthei
remployeesfor
thei
rhelpandcooperati
onduringourpracti
ceti
me,andalsowewoul dliket
othankmyf r
iends,
famil
yand inst
itut
e,forthefi
nancial
supportandencouragement.

Last
ly,
weof
ferr
egar
dsandbl
essi
ngst
oal
loft
hosewhosuppor
tedusi
nanyr
espect
dur
ingt
hisf
iel
dpr
act
ice.

Pagei
iof3
Abst
ract
Thepur
poseoft
hisi
nter
nshi
prepor
tisbr
ief
lydescr
ibedwhati
snet
wor
kingi
nwor
king
envi
ronment
,especi
all
ywhenwest
ayedi
nAmboUni
ver
sit
y.Wehavet
ri
edt
ofi
ndout
whati
sther
elat
ionshi
pbet
weenmyt
heor
eti
calknowl
edgeandr
ealwor
ldpr
act
ical
wor
kingsyst
em i
ntheenvi
ronment
.Wehavebeenobser
vingpr
act
icali
mpl
ement
ati
on
moni
tor
ingser
vicesonanet
wor
kbyusi
ngAMBOUNI
VERSI
TY-
ICT

Pagei
iiof4
Li
stofAppendi
ces

APPENDI
X I
TEM

AU……………………..AmboUni versity
ICT………………….
...
..
.Informat i
oncommuni cat
iont
echnol
ogy
AU-I
CT……………..
.AmboUni versityInf
ormati
oncommunicat
iont
echnol
ogy
E.C………………………Et hiopiancal endar
UTP………………………Unt wi stedpai r
STP………………………Shi eldedt wi stedpair
TV ………………………. Television
X ………………………. .Times
gps……………………….Gi gabyt epersecond
Mbps………………………Megabyt epersecond
Cat ………………………. Cat egor y
LAN………………………. .Localar eanet work
RJ ………………………. .
.Regi steredj ack
VS…………………………..Ver sus

Pagei
vof5
Cont
ent
s
Dedi
cat
ion i
Acknowl
edgement i
i
Abst
ract i
ii
Li
stofAppendi
ces i
v
Chapt
er1 1
1. I
ntr
oduct
ion 1
1.
1Rat
ional
e(I
mpor
tanceoft
heRepor
t) 1
1.
2Obj
ect
ivesofi
nter
nshi
p 1
1.
2.1Gener
alobj
ect
ive 1
1.
2.2Speci
fi
cobj
ect
ive 1
Chapt
er2 2
Backgr
oundofOr
gani
zat
ion 2
2.
1Themai
nCust
omer
sort
heenduser
sofpr
oductorser
vices 2
2.
1.1Mi
ssi
onofAmboUni
ver
sit
y 2
2.
1.2Vi
sionoft
heor
gani
zat
ion 3
2.
1.3Cor
eval
uesoft
heor
gani
zat
ion 3
2.
2Act
ivi
ti
esoft
heOr
gani
zat
ion 3
Chapt
er3 4
Met
hodol
ogyandMat
eri
alsUsed 4
3.
1Met
hodol
ogy 4
3.
1.1Met
hodofdat
acol
lect
ion 4
3.
2Net
wor
kDevi
cesandMat
eri
alsweused 4
3.
2.2Rout
er 5
3.
2.3Pat
chpanel 6
3.
2.4Swi
tches 6
3.
2.5Tr
ucki
ng 6

Pagevof6
 3.
2.6Dr
il
ler 7
3.
2.7Test
er 7
3.
2.8RJ-
45 8
3.
2.9Scr
ewDr
iver 8
3.
2.10Cr
impi
ngt
ool
s 8
3.
2.11Cut
ter 8
3.
3Cabl
eAr
rangement 9
3.
3.1St
rai
ghtt
hroughCabl
e 9
3.
3.2Cr
ossovercabl
e 10
3.
4 Pr
act
icalAct
ivi
ti
esI
nvol
ved 10
3.
4.1RJ-
45Et
her
netj
ackpunchdownwi
ri
ng 10
3.
4.2Howt
oConnectaPat
chPanelt
oaSwi
tch 10
3.
4.3Howt
oPunchDownWi
rest
oPat
chPanel 12
Chapt
er4 16
Assessmentoft
heI
nter
nshi
p 16
4.
1Knowl
edgeandAcquai
ntanceGai
ned 16
4.
1.1Techni
calSki
ll
sGai
ned 16
4.
1.2ManagementSki
ll
sGai
ned 16
4.
1.3Acquai
ntanceAcqui
red 16
4.
2Chal
lengesFacedDur
ingI
nter
nshi
p 17
4.
3Sol
uti
ont
akent
oOver
come 17
4.
4Benef
it
sObt
ained 17
4.
4.1I
mpr
ovi
ngPr
act
icalSki
ll 17
4.
4.2I
mpr
ovi
ngorupgr
adi
ngt
heor
eti
calknowl
edge 17
4.
4.3I
mpr
ovi
ngi
nter
per
sonalcommuni
cat
ionski
ll 17
4.
4.4Under
standi
ngaboutwor
ket
hicsandr
elat
edi
ssues. 18
Chapt
er5 18
Knowl
edgeAcqui
redDur
ingI
nter
nshi
p 18
Chapt
er6 19
Concl
usi
onandRecommendat
ions 19

Pageviof7
 6.
1concl
usi
on 19
6.
2Recommendat
ionsaboutOr
gani
zat
ion 19
6.
3Recommendat
ionsaboutPr
act
icalAt
tachment 20
Ref
erences 20

Pagevi
iof8
 Chapt
er1

1.I
ntr
oduct
ion

Int
ernshipsof f
erstudentsahands- onoppor tunitytowor kintheirdesir
edf i
eld.They
l
earnhowt heircourseofstudyappl i
estother ealworldandbui l
daval uable
experi
encet hatmakest hem strongercandidat esforjobsaftergraduation.
Wehaveper formedour2weekf i
eldpract
ice( OnMar ch, becauseofCOVI D19)at
AmboUni versi
tymai ncampusi nAUI CTcent er.Duri
ngt hi
straining,wehavel earned
andpracticednumer ousknowledgeandski llaboutbasi chardwar enetwor kcablet hat
i
sdi st
ri
but i
ngwi rednetworkforAmboUni versi t
yStudentunionof f
ice,
GirlAssociation
off
icet otal
ly7class.

1.
1Rat
ional
e(I
mpor
tanceoft
heRepor
t)
Themai nsignif
icantoft hisi
nter
nshipist hati
thelpsustogetknowl edgeofthe
coursesthatwehavel earnedinthetheor ycl
assbyobser vinghowitisappli
edinthe
realworl
dandt oi mproveourcommuni cati
onskil
l,exper
ience’
sandj obopport
unit
ies
whenwemeetdi ff
erentpeoplesandi thelpus
 Togetf i
eldworkexper i
ence.
 I ti
mprovesourcommuni cati
onski l
ls.
 To under st
and t he functi
oning and wor ki
ng conditi
ons of di f
fer
ent
Organizat
ions.
1.
2Obj
ect
ivesofi
nter
nshi
p

1.
2.1Gener
alobj
ect
ive
Thepr acti
cesprovi
destudent
sthematerialand conf
idenceinthei
rprof
essi
onal
preparati
on and f
aci
li
tat
etheappli
cat
ion ofknowledgegained t
heclassroom t
o
solvi
ngr ealpr
obl
ems.

1.
2.2Speci
fi
cobject
ive
 Toadaptt
hewor
kingenvi
ronmentoft
hepr
ofessi
on.

 Toexchangei
deaandexper
ience.

 Tounder
standnor
m andr
uleoft
hepr
ofessi
on.

 Tobecomecompet
entandconf
ident
iali
nthef
iel
d.

 Todevel
opt
hecapabi
li
tyofpr
obl
em sol
vingabi
li
ty.

 Toi
mpr
ovecommuni
cat
ionski
ll
swi
thwor
ker
s.

 Rel
atet
heor
iest
opr
act
icalaspects.

Page1of9
  Tobecomer
esponsi
bil
it
yandt
ranspar
ent
.

 Mai
ntai
ningt
hecomput
erwheni
tisf
aili
ntheof
fi
ce.

Chapt
er2
Backgr
oundofOr
gani
zat
ion
AmboUni ver
sityislocat
edinAmbo, t
hecapitalci
tyofWestShoaZoneofOr omi
a
RegionalState.Itwasestabli
shedin1939E. C(1947),andi
soneoftheoldesthi
gher
l
earninginsti
tuti
onsi nEthi
opia.I
twasor i
ginall
yaschool.I
n1951E.C(1958)the
schoolwasr enamedasAmboAgr i
cult
ureandFor est
rySecondar
ySchoolwitht
he
addit
ionofFor estr
yDepar t
ment .

In1960E. C(1967)t heschoolwaspr omotedtot helevelof“inst

it
ute‟andnamedas
AmboI nsti
tuteofAgr i
cul
tureandstartedtoofferatwo- yearpost-
secondarydiploma
cour seinGeneralAgr i
cult
ure.In1969E. C(1974)thei nsti
tut
ewasgr antedaJuni or
CollegestatusandnamedasAmboJuni orCollegeofAgr i
cult
urewithanadded
objectiveofresearchandext ensi
onapar tf
rom teaching.Consequently,t
heCollege
l
aunchedacont i
nuingeducat i
onprogram i
n1973E. C( 1980)andcontinuousl
yst ar
ted.

In1980E. C( 1987)somepedagogi calcourseswer eaddedt otheexist

ingcurri
culum
andaTeacherEducat i
onoptionwasaddedt otrai
nagricul
turalt
eachers.In1984E.C
(1992)the"junior"stat
uswasshedof fandtheinsti
tut
ionwasnamedAmboCol legeof
Agricul
tur
e.I n1995EC( 2003)theinstitut
ionstart
edtoof f
erundergraduatedegree
programsi nt hef
ieldsofCropPr oduct i
on,AnimalProduction,Appl
iedChemi st
ryand
AppliedBiology.Inthemeant ime,thecol l
egewasaf fi
li
atedtoJimmaUni ver
sit
ybyt he
nameJi mmaUni ver si
ty-AmboCol l
ege.

OnMegabit3, 2000E.C(12Mar ch,2008),theGover nmentoft heFeder alDemocr at

ic
Republi
cofEthiopiapromotedtheCol l
eget othestatusofanaut onomousUni versi
ty
Coll
ege–AmboUni versi
tyColl
ege.In2009, itwasnamedasAmboUni versi
ty.
Present
lyt
heUni versi
tyrunsmoret hanelevenpostgr aduateandt hir
ty-ei
ght
undergr
aduateprogramswhi charedividedintoeightcolleges/i
nsti
tutesandt hir
ty
academicdepartmentsinmai ncampusatAmbo, andbr anchesatHachal uHundessa
campus,GudarcampusandWol l
isoCampus.

2.
1Themai
nCust
omer
sort
heenduser
sofpr
oductorser
vices
Themai ncustomersoftheseservi
cesarethegovernmentOrgani
zat
ionandany
ci
ti
zen.Allsect
orsareunderthi
szone.
Di
ffer
entsectorssuchaseducati
onsector,
humanr esourceandmanagementsect
or,
Healt
hsectorandmor earethemaincustomersofICToffice.

2.
1.1Mi
ssi
onofAmboUni
ver
sit
y

Page2of10
AmboUni versit
yi sdedicatedtoservetheEthiopi ansociet
yandt heworldindiscovery
developmentandappl icat
ionofknowledgei nwi der angeofdisci
pli
nes.Theuniversit
y
i
scommi t
tedt omai nt
ainandensurethepr ovisionofqual i
tycostef
fecti
ve,t
imelyand
needbasededucat ionatunder gr
aduateandgr aduatelevel
s;engageinresearchand
knowledgetransf er;conductshortt
ermt r
ainingsandconsul t
ancyandof fer
communi t
yser vicesi nprofessi
onalandinnovat ivesoast oaddresstheneedof
stakehol
ders.

2.1.2Visi
onoftheorgani
zat
ion
Tobecomet hehubofknowledge,
wisdom andi
nnovat
iontoensuresust
ainable
developmentandknownastheUniver
sit
yofPref
err
edVi si
onsupposedl
ytoattend.
 Genderequal i
tyandequi t
yextendi
ngt heconst
it
uti
on.
 Excel
lence.
 Honestyandi ntegr
ity.
 Loyal
ty.
 Ensuretransparency.
 Accountabili
tyandcommuni t
ypartici
pati
on.
 CooperationandPar tner
shipteam spi
rit
.

2.1.
3Coreval uesoft heorganizati
on
Theorganizationhast opr omoteknowl edgefort hesociet
ytobuil
dmat ur
elit
erat
e
bodytoservet heirsociety.
 Tomakecompet entsociety.
 Tobui ldcreativemi ndintheirrespecti
vefield.
 Toexpansecommuni cat
ionamongsect orbody.
 Toincr easeinnovat i
oni nregion,count
ryandi ntheworl
d.
 To incr ease research and academi cin al laspect
s ofscience t
o promot
e
sustainabledevel opmentoft hecount r
y.
2.
2Act
ivi
ti
esoft
heOr
gani
zat
ion
AmboUni ver sit
yisoneoft hehi ghereducat i
on’sthathavei tsownI CTcenter
organization.Theor ganizationhasi t
sownr esponsibili
ti
esandact i
viti
es.Theact i
viti
es
carri
edoutbyt heorganizationis
 Managi ngtheuni versit
ynet workaswel laspr ovidesuppor tforthenet work
user s.
 Hel pingwi ththeonl i
nesecur i
tyoft hecampusnet wor k.
 Pr ovidingt echnicalsuppor ttosyst em usersbyhel pingwi thtrai
ningsandgi ving
advi cesont heusageofper sonalcomput ers.
 I nstallingnewsof twar e,repair
inghar dwarepr oblems, i
nstall
ingnewhar dware,
troubl eshoot i
ngpr oblemsandt r
ainingempl oyeesespeci all
yf orrel
atedf i
eld
student s.
 Mai ntai nstheuni versitywebsi t
e.
Thesedut iesar eachievedmaj orlyduetot heco-oper ati
onofdi verseprofessionals.
Theor gani zationuni ti
smadeupof ;softwareengineer s,networkadmi nist
rators,

Page3of11
syst
em admi
nist
rat
ors.
Chapt
er3
Met
hodol
ogyandMat
eri
alsUsed
3.
1Met
hodol
ogy

3.
1.1Methodofdat acol l
ecti
on
I
nordert
ogat herdat aforourpracti
calat tachmentweusedt hef ol
lowingmet hods.
 Readi ngdocument s:byr eadingthei rdocument ati
onwegat hered
i
nf ormat i
on.
 Obser vation:Throughtheobser vationwewer eperceivephysicall
y,
andf ollowwhatandhowt heywor k.I tenablesust oseeexact l
ywhat
we’ r
ebei ngdonei ntheof fice,togetcur rentinformat i
onaboutthe
activit
iesoft heoff
ice.
 Interview:wesi mplycollectdat abyaski ngthemanager ,advi
sorand
peopl ewor kinthatoffi
ce, usingthesemet hodsmakesushappyand
helpust ogetusefulinf
or mat ionsincei tisfacet ofacediscussion.

3.
2Net
wor
kDevi
cesandMat
eri
alsweused

Duri
ngourtechnicaltask;
weobser veandlear
nt heusageofdi
ff
erentnet
worki
ngmateri
als
andprocedur
esdur ingnetworkdesign.Themateri
alswehaveusi
ngdur i
ngf
iel
dpract
iceare
l
ist
edbelowwi t
ht heirf
uncti
ons.

3.
2.1Cabl
es

Weusedcabl efordatat r
anslati
onbet weendevices.Thet hr
eemostcommont ypesof
communi cat
ioncablesar e 
twistedpair,
coaxial
,fi
beropt i
c.Underst
andingthedif
fer
ences
betweenthethreewillshedlightonhowdat atr
avelsthrougheachcable,whichult
imatel
y
affect
syourconnectionandt hingslikespeed,l
atency,securi
ty,
cost,et
c.hereisageneral
breakdownofthethreedi ff
erenttypesofcablesystemsandwhatt heyarecapableof:

3.
2.1.
1Twi
stedpai
rcabl
es

Twi
stedpai
rcabl
esar
equi
tel
it
eral
lyapai
rofi
nsul
atedwi
rest
hatar
etwi
stedt
oget
her

Page4of12
tohelpreducenoisefrom outsi
desources.Whilethisdoeshelpsome,thesecabl
es
aresti
llverysuscepti
bletoout si
denoise.Twistedpaircablesarethemostcost -
eff
ecti
veoptionoft hethreebutt hatal
sobr i
ngsaboutl owerbandwidthandhigh
att
enuati
on.Ther
ear etwotypesoftwist
edpaircables:

3.
2.1.
2 Coaxi
al 
cabl
es:

Coaxialcabl
esarehi
gh-f
requencytransmissi
oncabl esmadeupofasi ngl
esol
id-
coppercore.Dat
aistr
ansferr
edelectri
cal
lyovertheinnerconduct
orandhas 
80times
moret r
ansmissi
oncapacit
y t
hantwistedpaircables.

Thistypeofcableiscommonlyusedt odeli
verTVsignals(
it
shi gherbandwidthmakes
i
tmor esuitablef
orvideoappl
icat
ions)andtoconnectcomputersinanet work.The
costissli
ghtlyhi
gherthantwi
stedpair 
butst
il
lconsi
deredmor eeconomi calt
hanfiber
.
3.2.1.3Fiberopti
c cabl
es:

Fiberisthenewestf orm oftransmissioncablet echnol ogy.Inst

eadoftransf
erri
ngdata
overcopperwi r
es,t hesecabl escont ainopticalf ibersthatt r
ansmitdatavi ali
ght,
ratherthanpul sesofel ect
ri
city.Eachopt i
calf iberi sindivi
duall
ycoatedwithplasti
c
l
ayer sandcont ainedi napr otect
ivetube,maki ngi textremelyresi
stanttoexternal
i
nt er
ference.Ther esultisaver yreli
ableandsuper -f
astconnectionthathas 26,
000x
mor etransmi ssi
oncapaci t
y thantwisted-
paircabl es,butthatalsocomeswi thamuch
highercost .
3.2.2Rout er
Weusethi
sdevi
cet
oconnectt
woormor
enet
wor
ksorLANSandal
soj
oinmul
ti
plenet
wor
ks
t
oget
her
.

Page5of13
3.
2.3Pat
chpanel
A pat ch paneli nal ocalarea network( LAN)is a mount ed hardware assemblythat
contains port
susedtoconnectandmanagei ncomi ngandout goi ngLANcables.Apatchpanel
uses patchcor ds,asortofj umpercable,tocr eat
eeachi nterconnecti
on.Patchpanelsare
usuallyattachedtonetworkracks,
 ei
theraboveorbel ownetwor kswitches.
Patchpanel scanbebasedont henumberofpor t
st heycontain,with48-por
t,24-
portand12-
portpanel samongt hemostcommon.Pat chpanel sareal sodesi gnedforspecifi
ccable
specifi
cationsli
kecat5e,cat6,cat6aandcat7cabl es. 

3.2.
4Swi t
ches
Aswi tch,
inthecontextoft
henet worki
ngisahigh-speeddevi cethatrecei
ves
i
ncomi ngdatapacketsandredi
rectsthem tot
heirdestinati
ononal ocalar
eanetwor
k
(LAN).ALANswi tchoperat
esatthedat al
inkl
ayerort henet wor klayeroftheOSI
Modeland, assuchitcansupportallt
ypesofpacketpr otocols.
Swit
chisoneoft hei
ntermediat
edeviceswhichusedt oconnectenddevi
ceswit
htherout
eror
enddevicewithenddevi
ce.Weusedi nourinstal
lat
ionHuaweiswi t
chandD-Li
nkswit
chfor
thei
nstall
ati
on.Huaweiswit
char emanageableswitch.ButD-
Linkswit
chisunmanagea

3.
2.5Tr
ucki
ng
Weusedt
hisdevi
cei
ndat
acommuni
cat
ionst
ransmi
ssi
onsyst
emst
opr
ovi
demanyuser
s

Page6of14
withaccesstoanet
workbyshar i
ngmult
ipl
elinesorfrequenci
es.Asthenamei mpl
ies,the
system i
sli
keat
reewit
honetrunkandmanybranches.Atrunkisusedf
orasafet
yofEthernet
cableinsomeof
fi
cesandnodetothewal
l.

3.
2.6Dr
il
ler
Weusedt hisdevi cef ordril
lt hewallinor dertoconnectthetrunk.Dri
ll
ingmachi nesare
general
lyormai nlyusedt oor i
ginat
et hr
oughorbl i
ndstrai
ghtcyl
indri
calhol esinsoli
drigi
d
bodiesand/orenl arge(coaxi
ally)exi
sti
ngholes:
 ofdi f
ferentdi ameterrangingfr
om about1mm t o40mm
 ofvar yingl engthdependingupont herequi
rementandthediameteroft hedr
il
l
 I ndifferentmat eri
alsexcepti
ngver yhardorver
ysoftmaterial
sli
ker ubber,
polyt
hene
et
c.

3.
2.7Test
er
Weusedt
hisnetworkingtoolfor
:
Testwhet heragivenEther
netcabl
eisworki
ngornotand
Testwhet heragivenEther
netnodeiswor
kingornot
.
Ident
if
yt hearrangementofthenet
workmedia.

Page7of15
3.
2.8RJ-
45
Weusedcommonl yasaconnect
or.AllRJ-45connect
orhaseightpi
ns,whi chmeansanRJ- 45
cablecontainsei
ghtsepar
atewires.InRJ- 45“RJ”isstandsf or"register
edj ack",i
tisa
standar
dizednet
worki
ngint
erf
ace“45"isrefer
stothenumberoftheint
erfacest andard.

3.
2.9Scr
ewDr
iver
Weusedt hi
sdevicetoopen/ st
ret
chandclose/compr
esseachandever
yscr
ew ont
he
computer
.
Thesedri
vershavedi
ff
erentshapesli
kechi
sel
,di
amondet
c.

3.
2.10Cr
impi
ngt
ool
s
Weusedthi
sdeviceforcr
impinganEther
netcableaf
terwefi
nishpossi
bleor
derofthecolor
f
orst
rai
ghtt
hroughandcrossoverusi
ngRJ-45.Themajorf
uncti
onforwhichi
tisdesignedis
t
ocri
mporconnectaconnectort
otheendofanetworkcabl
e.

Page8of16
3.
2.11Cut
ter
Weusedt
ocutdi
ff
erentmat
eri
alsofnet
wor
kingsuchas:cabl
es,
trunkandwi
res.

3.
2.12Fi
ssur
e(expendi
tur
epi
pe)
 Weusedt
hisdevi
cet
ohol
dscr
ewsofdi
ff
erentsi
ze.

3.
3Cabl
eAr
rangement
3.
3.1St
rai
ghtt
hroughCabl
e

Weusedt hi
scabl
etoconnectdi
ffer
entt
ypeofnetwor
kdevi
ceswher
et hepi
nsorderonone
endfoll
owsthe568Api
nningorderandt
heotherendoft
hecabl
efol
lowsthesame568A
pinni
ngorder
.

Thi
sisusedt
oconnect
:-

 r
out
erswi
thswi
tch

Page9of17
  comput
erswi
thswi
tch
 swit
chwit
hhub

3.
3.2Cr
ossovercabl
e
Weuset hi
scabl
etoconnectthesamet ypeofnetworkdevi
ceswherethepi
nsorderonone
endfoll
owsthe568apinni
ngorderandtheotherendofthecablefol
lowst
he568bpinni
ng
order
.
Thatmeansconnecti
ngtwopiecesofequipmentthathavethesamepinedgeonbothport
s
suchasconnect
ing
Twocomput er
s
Tworouters
Twoswi t
ch
Twopersonalcomputer
s

Si
de 
A Si
de 
B

whi
te 
green  whi
te 
orange 

gr
een  or
ange 

whi
te 
orange  whi
te 
green 

bl
ue  bl
ue 

whi
te 
blue whi
te 
blue 

or
ange  gr
een 

Page10of18
whi
te 
brown  whi
te 
brown 

br
own  br
own 

3.
4 Pr
act
icalAct
ivi
ti
esI
nvol
ved

3.4.1RJ-45Ether
netjackpunchdownwi
ri
ng
Wiri
nganRJ-45Et her
netjacki
seasyt
odoifyou’
reat
tent
ivet
odet
ailandf
oll
owa
coupleofgui
deli
nes:

 Str
ipabout2inchesofout
ersheat
hfrom t
hecabl
e.
 Thefourwir
epairsshoul
dremaintwi
stedascl
osel
yaspossi
blet
othepunchdown
pi
nsf
ormaxi
mum si
gnal
int
egr
it
y.
 Avoi
dkinksast
hel
ightgaugecopperst
randscanbr
eak.
 Doubl
echeckst
hewirecol
orarecorr
ect
lymatchedt
othecol
ored-
codedpi
nposi
ti
ons
ont
hej
ack.
 Wi
ret
hej
ackf
oll
owi
ngt
heT568bwi
ri
ngdi
agr
am unl
essyouhaver
easont
ouse
the 
T568Awi r
ingscheme.TheT568bst andardiswidelyusedincommerci
aland
resi
dent
ialcablei
nstal
lati
ons.
 I
tdoesn’
treal
lymatterwhichwiri
ngschemeyouchoose
becauseeit
hermethodi sfi
ne 
ifbot
hendsoft heEthernetcabl
earewir
edthesame
way. 

3.
4.2Howt
oConnectaPat
chPanelt
oaSwi
tch
st
ep1

At
tacht
hepat
chpanelandswi
tcht
oar
ack-
mount
edf
loorst
andi
nthewi
ri
ngcl
oset
.
Theseuni
tsar
east
andar
d19"i
ncheswi
deandt
her
acksar
edesi
gnedt
o
accommodat
ethi
ssi
ze.

st
ep2

Runt
heEt
her
netcabl
esf
rom t
hei
rjackl
ocat
ionsouti
nthecomput
err
ooms.Each

Page11of19
cabl
ewi
llcomef
rom awal
lmount
edj
ackt
hatt
hei
nst
all
erhaspl
acedi
nthewal
ls.
Theywi
llal
lret
urnt
othewi
ri
ngcl
osett
hroughasmal
lhol
ecutt
oaccommodat
ethe
wi
res.

st
ep3

Connectt
hewi
resi
ntot
hepat
chpanelanduseapunch-
downt
oolt
oconnectt
hewi
res
t
otheappr
opr
iat
esl
otsont
hepat
chpanel
.Oncet
hewi
resar
eal
lat
tached,
iti
s
advi
sabl
etosecur
ethewi
resi
nabundl
eusi
ngpl
ast
iczi
pti
es.

st
ep4

Labeleachj
ackl
ocat
ionont
hepat
chpanelt
odesi
gnat
ewhi
chr
oom i
sconnect
edby
t
hatj
ack.Thi
swi
llmaket
roubl
eshoot
ingabadwi
reeasi
eri
fneedar
ises.

Page12of20
st
ep5

Pl
uganEt
her
netpat
chcabl
eint
oeachpor
tont
hepat
chpanelandpl
ugt
heot
herend
i
ntot
heswi
tchpor
t.Thesewi
rescanbemovedf
rom por
ttopor
tifneededt
ofaci
l
itat
e
l
ocat
ionchanget
henet
wor
k.

Not
e:si
nceweconnectdi
ff
erentdevi
cesweshoul
dhavet
ousest
rai
ghtt
hrough
cabl
e.

3.
4.3Howt
oPunchDownWi
rest
oPat
chPanel
St
ep1:Det
ermi
net
hel
engt
hoft
hecabl
e(s)needed.

Step2:Str
ipthecabl
ef r
om theend.Usi
nganEt
her
netst
ri
ppi
ngt
ool
,st
ri
ptheout
sidej
acket
about3-
6inchesfr
om theend.

St
ep3:Un-
twi
stt
hewi
rescompl
etel
ytot
hej
acket
.

Note:Acat6cablehasacenterpl
asti
cspi
nethatneedst
oberemoved.Pullont
hespi
neand
f
oldthepai
rsback.Thencutt
hespineascl
osetothecabl
esendaspossi
ble.

Page13of21
St
ep4:Sor
tthewi
resi
nthepr
operpi
noutconf
igur
ati
on.

Note:t
her
earetwocol
orpatt
erns,
T568aandT568b.Makesur
etot
ermi
nat
ebot
hsi
desoft
he
cabl
eonthesamepatt
ernused.

St
ep5:Chooseapor
tont
hepat
chpanel
tobegi
nter
minat
ing.

Ingener
al,terminati
nginascendi
ngorderisi
dealsost
artatt
hel
owestnumber
.Fi
rstcabl
e
shoul
dbet erminatedtot
he1stportf
orexampl
e.

Step6:Begi
nterminati
ngeachwir
e.Useapunchdownt oolwi
tht
he110bladeandter
minat
e
eachwir
eindi
vidual
ly.Pushdownunt
ilt
het
oolcl
icksandcutst
heendoft
hewireof
f

Step7:Secur
ethecabletothepatchpanel
.Manypatchpanel
shavesl
otsort
abswher
ezi
p
ti
escanbeusedtosecuret
hecabletothepat
chpanel
.

Step8:Testtheconnecti
ons/t
ermi
nati
ons.Useacabletestertoensurethatallwir
eswere
ter
minat
edcorrect
lyandthereyouhaveit!i
fyoufol
lowedtheabovest eps,youshouldnow
haveasecureconnectionforyourpatchpanel
.Simplyrepeatthestepsabovef orallt
he
connect
ionsi
nyourinst
all
.

St
epst
oPunchUTPCabl
einj
ack

 Makesur ethest r
ipperisadjustedproperl
yonascr appieceofcable.
Thest r
ippershouldbeadj ustedtoonlycutthej
ackett omakeremovi ngi
teasierand
notnickthetwistedpairs.
 Str
aightenthepai r
soutcompl et
elyandlaythem overthetopofthejackwiththeorder
ofthecolorpatternforwiri
ng.
 Keepingthepai r
sast wist
edaspossi bl
epressthewireint
othecor r
ectgr
oovewi th
yourthumbs.
 Ifyoucompl etelystr
aightenthewi r
estorunthem throughthejackyouwillri
skcross

Page14of22
 tal
kbetweenthepair
s.
 Usingapunchdownt ool,punchthewiresdownintothebl
adesbui
lti
ntot
hej
ack.
 Thebladesinthej
ackaredesi gnedt
owor kwit
hsol i
dcabl
e,andmaynotwor
kwit
h
str
andedcable.
 Makesur et
hebladeisfacingtheout
sideofthejack. 

St
epst
oCr
impUTPCabl
einRJ_45

St
ep_
1 cutt
hecabl
ebyt
hecut
ter
.

St
ep2st
ri
pcabl
eends

St
ep3unt
wistwi
reends

St
ep4ar
rangewi
res

St
ep5t
ri
m wi
rest
osi
ze

Page15of23
St
ep6at
tachconnect
or

St
ep7check

St
ep8cr
imp

St
ep9t
est

Page16of24
Chapt
er4
Assessmentoft
heI
nter
nshi
p
4.
1Knowl
edgeandAcquai
ntanceGai
ned

4.
1.1Techni
calSki
ll
sGai
ned
Int
ernshi
psispract
ical
acti
vit
iest
hatdevel
opourknowl
edgeandexperiencest
hrough
pract
iceswork.Thi
sthebestwayacquir
edknowledget
hantheor
eti
calpart.

Thatknowl
edge’
sweacqui
redar
e:

 Howcabl
esar
eput
tedi
nsi
det
runkt
oconnectanode.

 Howwedesi
gnl
ogi
cali
mpl
ement
ati
onofnet
wor
kinf
rast
ruct
ure.

 Howcabl
esar
epunchedonnodef
orconnect
ion.

 Howcabl
esar
epunchedonpat
chpanel
.

 Howwear
rangedst
rai
ghtt
hroughcabl
eandcr
oss-
overcabl
e.

 Howwei
dent
if
ywhi
chnodedoesn’
tdonepr
oper
lyusi
ngt
est
er.

 Howwecr
impacabl
etoRJ-
45usi
ngCr
imper
.

 Howt
osol
vesomecomput
ernet
wor
kpr
obl
em.

4.
1.2ManagementSki
ll
sGai
ned
 Wear
esuppor
ti
ngeachot
hert
obyshar
ingr
esour
ceandmoneywhatwehave.

 Howt
otol
erat
eeachot
heratdi
ff
icul
tsi
tuat
ion.

 Howt
ounder
standt
hebehavi
orofwor
ker
.

 Howt
omanaget
het
imeandr
esour
cewhenwear
ewor
kingi
nrealsyst
em.

4.
1.3Acquai
ntanceAcqui
red

Page17of25
  Howt
oinst
allnet
wor
kusi
ngbasi
cdevi
cest
artf
rom swi
tcht
oeachnodeofcomput
er.

 Howt
osol
vet
hepr
obl
em oft
henet
wor
kconnect
ionbeyondphysi
calmat
eri
als.

 Howt
oexami
ningt
henet
wor
kwher
eithaspr
obl
em ofconnect
ionanddi
sconnect
ion.

 Howt
otr
oubl
eshoot
ingofnet
wor
k.

4.
2Chal
lengesFacedDur
ingI
nter
nshi
p
Ther
earemanychal l
engesoccurdur i
ngint
ernshi
p.Thefoll
owingprobl
emswer ei
dent
if
ied
andi
nter
ruptusduri
ngourpr acticesintheorgani
zati
on.Thosechall
engesare:
 Shortageofstaff
st oguideus. 
 Powerf l
uct
uation.
 Lackofmat eri
alsforpracticesuchasswitch,r
outer
,fi
berandserver
.

Themostmandat
orychallengest hatareoccurredduri
nginter
nshipsar
e:
 Workersdonothavei nt
eresttohel
pstudents.
 Theydonothavear r
ivedont heti
me.
 Thegiventi
met akenf orustocompl et
eourpracti
ceisnotenough.
 Theproblem ofper sonsonmanagementonpayment .

4.
3Sol
uti
ont
akent
oOver
come
 Wear esuppor
ti
ngeachothert
obyshar i
ngresourceandmoney
whatwehave.
 Pract
ici
ngonthemateri
alwhattheorgani
zat
iontohave.
 Wehavebeenuseddatabackup.
 Wehadbeenusedst abi
li
zertoprot
ectourdevicefr
om el
ect
ri
cal
powerdamage.
4.
4Benef
it
sObt
ained

4.
4.1I
mpr
ovingPr acticalSki l
l
Internshi ppr ogram isveryessentiali
nt ermsofi mprovi
ngourpract i
cal
skill
,becausemostofuswer esi mplyf ami li
ari
zewi ththeoreti
cal
knowl edge.However ,t
heskil
lsandsoundgr aspknowl edge’snurt
uredby
studyingcomput ersciencepracti
callyenabl esast osolutemanyst atesof
affair
sl ike.
 Abi l
it
yt oanalyzeandi nter
pretdi versecompl exdata.
 Cr it
icalthinki
ngandt heabi l
it
yt ounder standmai nt
enance,usesof
application.
 I nterpersonalcommuni cati
on, per suasivenessandt heabil
it
yt o
wor kasat eam.
 I tincreasesourconf i
dentt odoal one

4.
4.2I
mpr
ovingorupgradingt heor
eticalknowledge
Eventhough,wewer el
earningalotofthi
ngsinthecl
asstheor
eti
call
y,we
knowmanyknowl edgefullacti
vit
ieswhil
ewesawt hi
ngspract
ical
ly.
Theref
ore,i
ntershipprogram isnotonlyusedtoimpr
oveourpract
icalski
ll
,

Page18of26
 butalsousedtoimposeourtheoret
icalknowl
edgebycor
rel
ati
ngt
he
pract
icalski
l
lwit
htheoret
icalknowl
edge.

4.4.3Improvingi nt erper sonalcommuni cat ionski ll

Team wor kingi spr icel esswhi l
eper formingt askst hatsoci etywant sf r
om
server s.Togi vest heser vicesf ort hecust omer sandt alkingi snotpossi ble
together .
Theref ore, bygoodcommuni cationamongt hedi f
ferentsect i
onsi nthesub
cit
yandwor edawegai nwi deknowl edge.
Goodcommuni cationhast hef ollowi ngadvant age
 Anal yzeandper fectper for manceoft arget edmai ntenanceand
inspect ion.
 I mpr ovingef fici encyoft hecomput erandsof twar edevel opment
from somedef ectduet oi nt erper sonalcommuni cation.
 Toper suadepeopl est hemor ewecommuni catet hemor eweknow,
thebet terweper suadet hepeopl e.
 Toi mpr over el at i
onshi pwi thot hersifourdayt odaycommuni cat i
on
incr easesourr elationshi pamongt hedi fferentsect ionsal so
impr ovedadel ay.
4.4.4Under st
andi ngaboutwor ket hicsandr el atedissues.
Wor ket hi
csar egener all
yaccept edgui del i
nesf orri
ghtandwr ongbehavi orsinwor k
place.Aswor ker smadet ospeci al i
zei ndi fferentf i
eldsspeci ficcodesofconductwer e
expectedfrom eachwor ker .Int oday’ scompl exwor ld,et hicalconductofwor kersis
veryimpor t
antf ordevel opi ngheal t
hywor kingenvi ronmentandi ncr easingpr oduct ivi
ty.
Whi l
ewewer eint hef act orymostwor kerst olduswhatmi sbehavi orcausewor ker sto
disappearfrom t heirwor kingar ea.
Thef ol l
owi ngpr inciplesal lowgoodwor kethi csi nwor kingar ea.
 Punct ual i
ty:t hismeansar rivi
ngatwor kont i
me.
 Honest y:honest yatwor kmeansspendi ngwor kinghour sand
resour cest ot allyonwor k.
 Wi ll
ingnesst ol ear n:thismeansunder standi ngt hewayt hingsar e
doneatyourwor kplaceandt r
yingt odoi tbet ter .
 I ni t
iat i
ve: bei ngpr epar edt oseewhatneedsdoi ngandt odot he
wor kwi thoutal waysbei ngaskedort oldt odoi t.
 Loyal t
y:dowhatbestf ort hesoci etysat i
sf yint heor ganization.
Thef ol
lowingar eet hi csweget :
 Weobser vegr oupwor kwasbet t
erthani ndividualwor k.
 Wel ear nt hatnoneedofpl ayi ngdur i
ngwor k.
 Savi ngmoneyandt imewasmustwi thint hewor ket hics.
 Weobser vesaf etywasf irstf orwor k.
 Howwear ebei ngpunct ualf oraf uture.
 Bei ngr esponsi bi l
ityf oraf ut ur e.

Chapt
er5

Page19of27
Knowl
edgeAcqui
redDur
ingI
nter
nshi
p
Int
ernshi
ps are pr
acti
calacti
vit
ies t
hatdevelop ourknowledge and exper
iences t
hrough
pract
iceswork.t
histhebestwayacquiredknowledget
hantheoret
icalpar
t.

Theknowl
edgeweacqui
redar
e:

 howacabl
ear
eput
tedi
nsi
det
ruckert
oconnect
edanode

 howwedesi
gnl
ogi
cal
impl
ement
ati
onofnet
wor
kinf
rast
ruct
ure

 howacabl
ear
epunchedonnodef
orconnect
ion

 how cabl
ear
epunchedonpat
chpanel

 howwear
rangedst
rai
ghtt
hroughcabl
eandcr
oss-
overcabl
e

 howwei
dent
if
ywhi
chnodedoesn’
tdonepr
oper
lyusi
ngt
est
er

 howwecr
impacabl
etoRJ-
45usi
ngcr
imper

General
lywepract
icehow t
oinstal
lnet
worki
nanor
gani
zat
ionandanyi
ndi
vidualper
son’
s
housestar
ti
ngf
rom nodet
oonlytheswit
ch.

Chapt
er6

Concl
usi
onandRecommendat
ions
6.
1concl
usi
on
Thepr act
icalat
tachmentthatwehavedonef ortwoweeksi sanatt
racti
vewor kand
i
ntell
igenceactivi
ti
esforprofessional f
iel
dofmywor kcareeropportuni
ty.Thispr acti
cal
att
achmentgi vesmet heexper i
ence, skil
landknowl edgeonmyj obapplicati
onf orthewor k
acti
viti
esperformedprofessionall
y.Becausepr act
icalatt
achmentmeanschangi ngt heor
yto
pract
icalwork,ther
efore,
thisattachmenthel pst ofi
ndt hejobopportuni
typr acti
cedi n
dif
ferentorgani
zationt
ochangebet terinformationaccessibil
it
yinthepubl i
cservi ces.

ICTcent
erofAmboUni
versi
tyorgani
zat
ionest
abl
ishedf
ort
hepur
poseofgui
dehowt
o
communicat
eamongeachsectorofwork.

Duringst ayininternshipswehaveobser vedsomanypr ofessi

onalact i
vit
iesandlearnaswel l.
Thisinternshipwasver yf r
uitfultousbecausewehadt oknowwhatweappl yduri
ng
i
nstallat
ion.Weal solearnnewconcept sandnewway sofwor king.Duringthisi
nternship
peri
odweacqui r
edpr act i
calexper i
encetocompl ementt hetheoreti
calcontentofourst udyi
n
theclass, net
wor kcablei nstallat
ion,net
workcabl epunchingandi nstal
lat
ionusingnet work
mater i
als.Toconcl ude, wethi nkthatthi
sinternshi
pwasver ybenefici
altousaswel earntalot
,
andi tmadeourdi scoverwor k'si
nar ealworld.

Ingeneral
ly,
thispr
acticalatt
achmentdevel
opstheabi
li
ty,
knowl
edge,
exper
ienceandski
llof
ustorecognizerel
evantinfor
mationt
othesociet
y.

Page20of28
6.
2Recommendat
ionsaboutOr
gani
zat
ion
Worki
ngatAmboUni versit
yICTcenterwasagr eatexper
iencef
orus.Wehadl
ear
ntmany
t
hingsthr
oughouti
nternshipper
iod.From ourl
it
tl
eknowledgewhatwehavesome
r
ecommendationsasfollows:

Theorgani
zat
ion mustprepar
esuitableroom f
orthestudent
s.Thewor ker
shavet o be
i
mprovi
ngthei
rpunctual
it
y.Theco-
ordinat
ionbet
weenthehi
ghlevel
stothelowlevelshould
begoodtouselat
estsoft
wareanddevicesandtohavemoreeducat
edandexperi
encedman
power
.

AUofI CTcent erhaveaver yfewempl oyeeinnetwor

kinstall
ati
onwher eastheworkpressure
i
shi gh.So t hedepar tmentcouldincreaset hei
rworkf
or ceand shar ethewor ktoget
her.
Secondly,toi ncr
easet her at
eofwor kef f
ici
encytheyneed f astercommuni cati
on using
i
nternetcomput erwithuser.TheICTcent ershoul
dupdateoraddmor enetworkfeat
uresand
appointaprofessionaloperat
orsothatitmightsavet
ime,money, laborandexecuteani mpact
fort
hel ongrun.

6.
3Recommendat
ionsaboutPr
act
icalAt
tachment
Wewoul dliket or
ecommendpr acti
calatt
achmenti sgoodwaybasi cacqui redknowledge,
howeverdur ati
onsofthepracti
calonever yshor ti
nt hei
nternshi
ps.Becauseofmanycour se
requi
repracticesthatwehadlearntfom 1stt
r o3rdyeartocoverthet heoryonei ntopract
ical
.
Suchasappl icati
on,maint
enance,operat
ingsyst em.Sot hedepar tmenti ncreasesdurat
ionof
i
nternshi
pper iodtocoveral
lthi
ngs,andal soassi gnadvisorsforthest udentformotivat
ions.
Theuniversit
yshoul dhavetopaypaymentf orallstudent
sequal l
ybei ngonat i
me.

Ref
erences
1.Gui
deli
neoft hepr acticalatt
achment
sthatgi
vesfr
om Schoolofcomputi
ngandinf
ormat
ics.
2.For
mat&cont ohlapor anakhirli
3.Tur
ner,a.
j.(1990),“tenderingandest
imati
ng”
,7thed.pr
enti
ce:hal
l(m.
s66-80)
4.www.google.com/ image
5.www.ambou. edu.et

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