2001.

Note on implementation of subloading surface to Sekiguchi and Ohta’s model

Atsushi IIZUKA, Kobe Univ.

Masafumi HIRATA, Toyo Construction Co.
1. Yielding surface

1.4

1.2

1.0 Normal yielding surface

0.8 ( p' , q )
0.6
( p' , q) Current stresses p′ p ′y
0.4 R= =
p ′ p0′
0.2

0.0
p′y p0′ Pre-consolidation mean stress
-0.2

-0.4 Subloading surface

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

p′
normal yielding surface f = MD ln + Dη * − ε vp = 0
′
p0

subloading surface f s = MD ln
p′
p ′y
+ Dη * = MD ln
p′
p 0′
( )
+ Dη * − ε vp + MD ln R = 0

hardening parameter: ε vp (equivalent to p 0′ ) and the similarity ratio: R .

2. Evolutional law of R

∂f ∂f
R& = − (ln R ) ε& p = − Λ(ln R )
m m
(Q ε& = Λ ) after Hashiguchi et al.
p

D D ∂σ ′ ∂σ ′

Note that ln R < 0 when D > 0 and m > 0 , then R& > 0 as far as Λ > 0 because of 0 < R ≤ 1 , in

which D is the coefficient of dilatancy and the newly introduced parameter determining the rate of R.

3. Consistency condition

The subloading surface on which the current stresses exit is,

p′
f s = MD ln
p 0′
(
+ Dη * − ε vp + MD ln R = 0 )
Then, the following equation must be satisfied.
 ∂f ∂f ∂ε p ∂f
∴ f&s = s σ& ij′ + sp vp ε&ijp + s R& = 0 ,
∂σ ij′ ∂ε v ∂ε ij ∂R

(Calculation)
∂f s
βδ ij + * (η ij − η ij 0 ), in which η ij = , sij = σ ij′ − p ′δ ij
D 3D sij
(1) =
∂σ ij′ 3 p ′ 2η p ′ p′

∂f s ∂ε vp p ∂f s ∂ε vp
(2) ε
& = −ε& p
δ (Q = −1 , = δ ij )
∂ε vp ∂ε ijp ∂ε vp ∂ε ijp
ij ij ij

∂f s 1
(3) = − MD
∂R R

∂f s
δ ij = β , in which β = M − * η kl (η kl − η kl 0 )
D 3
(4)
∂σ ij′ p′ 2η

∂f s ∂f
(5) =
∂σ ij′ ∂σ ij′

4. Determination of Λ

∂f MD &
f&s = s σ& ij′ − ε&ijp δ ij − R
∂σ ij′ R
∂f ∂f ∂f
Λ(ln R )
MD m
= s σ& ij′ − Λ δ ij +
∂σ ij′ ∂σ ij′ R D ∂σ ′
∂f  ∂f ∂f 
= s σ& ij′ − Λ
 ∂σ ij′
δ ij −
Mm
(ln R ) =0
∂σ ij′  R ∂σ ′ 

1 ∂f s ∂f ln R ∂f
∴Λ = σ& ij′ , in which h = δ ij − mM
h ∂σ ij′ ∂σ ij′ R ∂σ
substituting the following isotropic linearly elastic constitutive relation:
 ∂f 
σ& ij′ = Dijkl
e
ε& kle = Dijkl
e
(ε&kl − ε&klp ) = Dijklp  ε&kl − Λ ∂σ kl′

 
Then,

1 ∂f s e  ∂f 
Λ= Dijkl  ε& kl − Λ 
h ∂σ ij′  ∂σ kl′ 
 ∂f ∂f  ∂f s e
Λ h + s Dijkl
e
= D ε&
 ∂σ ′ ∂σ ′  ∂σ ′ ijkl kl
 ij kl  ij

1 ∂f s e ∂f ∂f s ∂f ln R ∂f ∂f ∂f
∴Λ = Dijkl ε& kl , in which H = h + s Dijkl
e
= δ ij − mM + e
Dijkl
H ∂σ ij′ ∂σ ij′ ∂σ kl′ ∂σ ij′ R ∂σ ′ ∂σ ij′ ∂σ kl′
5. Stress and strain relation

1 e ∂f ∂f  e 1 e ∂f ∂f 
σ& ij′ = Dijkl
e
ε& kle = Dijkl
e
ε&kl − Dijmn e
D pqkl ε& kl =  Dijkl − Dijmn e
D pqkl ε& kl ,

H ′ ∂σ ′pq
∂σ mn  H ∂σ ′
mn ∂σ ′pq 

G δ ij δ kl + G (δ ik δ jl + δ il δ jk )
 2 
in which Dijkl =  K −
e

 3 

(Calculation)

∂f D η −η 
(1) Dijkl
e
=  Kβδ kl + 3G kl * kl 0 
∂σ ij′ p′  η 

∂f ∂f
(2)
∂σ ij′
e
Dijkl
∂σ kl′
D2
= 2 β 2 K + 3G
p′
( )

∂f D  β 2 3
(3) =  + 
∂σ p′  3 2

1 + e0 3(1 − 2ν )
(4) elastic bulk modulus: K = p ′ , elastic shear modulus: G = K
κ 2(1 + ν )
Then,

σ ij′ =  K − G δ ij δ kl + G (δ ik δ jl + δ il δ jk )
2 
3 
D2  η −η  
η −η
 Kβδ ij + 3G ij * ij 0  
 Kβδ kl + 3G kl * kl 0
p′2  η  η
 &
− ε kl
ln R D  β 2 3  D 2 2
D
p ′
β − mM
′

R p  3 2  p′
+  + 2 β K + 3G  ( )


=  K − G δ ij δ kl + G (δ ik δ jl + δ il δ jk )
2 
 3 

 η − η  η −η 
 Kβδ ij + 3G ij * ij 0  Kβδ kl + 3G kl * kl 0  
η  η  &
− ε kl
p′  ln R  β 2 
3 
β 2 K + 3G +  β − mM  +   
D R  3 2 
  

Note that the above equation automatically reduces into the Sekiguchi and Ohta’s model when m = 0 is
substituted.
6. Loading/unloading criterion

Calculation scheme in SUB.JUDGE of DACSAR

Λ(σ 'i +1 , Ri ) ≥ 0 : elasto-plastic loading → renewal of Ri +1 and p 0 '

Λ(σ 'i +1 , Ri ) < 0 : elastic unloading

Note that Ri +1 and p 0 ' are stored into the arrays of SIMR(M) and SIG(M,6) in DACSAR

When Λ (σ ' i +1 , Ri ) ≥ 0 When Λ (σ ' i +1 , Ri ) < 0

In case of Ri < 1 In case of Ri ≥ 1

（elasto-plastic） (elasto-plastic)

ISTATE=3 ISTATE=3 ISTATE=2

Ri +1 = Ri + R& Ri +1 = 1 py '
Ri +1 =
p0 '
（ Ri +1 = 1 if Ri +1 ≥ 1 ） p0 ' = p y '
p 0 ' is unchanged
py '
p0 ' =
Ri +1

Λ is evaluated by Λ (σ 'i +1 , Ri ) in the incremental step; i + 1 , where,

m m ∂f SUB.DMAT
R& = − ln R ε& p = − (ln R)Λ .
D D ∂σ '
py '
Ri =
p0 '
Renewal of the similarity ratio: R
Store: SIMR(M)= Ri

SUB.JUDGE
IST=3： Ri +1 = Ri + R& or Ri +1 = 1

py '
IST=2： Ri +1 =
p0 '

Store: SIMR(M)= Ri +1