“By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
AND DISASTER RESCUE
RANK, NAME, SN, MOS, PA

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

 MSL 301, Lesson 5a : Application of Troop Leading Procedures
Army Vision: By 2028, a world-class Army that is a source of national pride

INST INSTRUCTOR’S PROFILE PROFILE’S PROFILE

Rank/Name: MSG JAN F BALDESANCHO (INF) PA

Previous Duty Assignment G7, PA, Fort Bonifacio, Metro Manila

Position Civil Affairs NCO
Related Course/Training IDT

Teaching Experience ROTC Instructor

High School Teacher

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY .

 By 2028, a world-class Army that is a source of national pride.

CLASSROOM RULES

Take Note of Any Queries

Silent Mode Participation

Silently go towards
CR if in need. No Sleeping Policy
 “By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

LEARNING OUTCOME
Perform as part of the disaster response team.
(Save lives, alleviate human suffering, protect and uphold
human dignity, and mitigate the effects of human induced and
natural emergencies.)

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

 “By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

ROADMAP
Explain:
 AIM
 Function of Disaster Rescue
 Groups of Rescue Worker and Traits
 Behavior of the Rescuer
 Rescue by Stage: Six Stages of Rescue
 Team Composition Apply: (Check on learning)
 Rescue Plan Summarize all the activity conducted
 Organization of Rescue Team Assess

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

“By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

REFERENCE

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

“By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

Key Tasks
a) Enhance the capability for DRO mission. (Water Search and Rescue, Collapsed Structure, Mountain
Rescue, Basic Rescue and ICS)
b) Contribute to the development and implementation of local preparedness plan, policies and systems.
c) Contribute to the resiliency of the local communities (awareness, infra system, coping
mechanism/survival and preventive evacuation)
d) Assist in the conduct of rapid need assessment and situation awareness.
e) Capable to conduct Search, Rescue and Retrieval (SRR) operations to disaster victims for a minimum
of seven days
f) Assist in relief, rehabilitation and recovery of disaster affected areas
g) Assist in the security, maintenance of peace and order in the affected areas.
h) Provide the connectivity, interoperability and redundancy of Division-wide communications system
during HADR.
i) Undertake other tasks specified by the DRRMC.
j) Establish bilateral/combined coordination centers in case of participation of foreign military forces.
 Humanitarian Goal … protect lives, alleviate suffering, maintain
human dignity and assist recovery following conflict, natural and other
disasters… through effective response, prevention, preparedness and risk
reduction
Humanitarian Principles Humanity –To bring assistance to people in
distress without discrimination Impartiality –Action is based solely on need
Neutrality –Humanitarian action must not favour any side or group
Independence –Humanitarian action must be kept separate from political,
economic, military or other objectives
“By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

 SCOPES:
AIM
Function of Disaster Rescue
Groups of Rescue Worker and Traits
Behavior of the Rescuer
Rescue by Stage: Six Stages of Rescue
Team Composition
Rescue Plan
Organization of Rescue Team
 A.) Aim:
The aim of preparedness planning is to identify assignments and specific
activities covering organizational and technical issues to ensure that response
systems function successfully in the event of a disaster. The ultimate objective is
not to write a plan but to stimulate on-going interaction between parties, which
may result in written, usable agreements. The written plan is an instrument, but
not the main goal of the planning process. Annex 2 provides a sample outline of a
National Society disaster preparedness plan.
 Function of Disaster Rescue:
to supply
to maintenance
to transport
to medical support
to field support services
to personnel support
assistance with the recovery of the dead
 Groups of rescue worker:
Fire services
Engineering
Waterborne rescue
Nuclear, Biological, Chemical
Canine
Medical services
Communications
Transport
Public information
Security
 Personal traits:
 Fire services- the PA has a very limited fire fighting capability specially
on its lower unit levels. Only HPA and the INF DIV through their PEDS
have fire trucks.
 Engineering- the PA engineer units can construct and rehabilitate roads
and bridges, buildings and related facilities. They could also be utilized to
assist in the relief, rescue and rehabilitation operations during calamities.
They can participate in training, awareness program and mitigation
preparation.
 Waterborne rescue- these are units of the Army which have limited water
rescue capability.
 Nuclear, Biological, Chemical- the PA has no NBC capability in all its units.
 Canine- on a limited scale, the Army is capable of tracking victims of
disaster with the use of the Army Canine Coy.
 Personal traits:
Medical services- the Army has medical units spread throughout the
archipelago. However most of this are in the Infantry Divisions and other
major units only. A typical responding ambulance has complete medical
supplies and medical staff are capable of administrating medical services to
victims.

Communications- the PA communications capabilities can establish

communications linkages and make these available for disaster operations.
The communication components and adequate warning systems throughout
the impending and existing disaster and calamities.

Transport- the PA provides transport services utilizing organic vehicles of

its units. Vehicles of other units may be pooled into one to expand
capabilities and maximize results.
 Personal traits:
Public information- PA PI component is to provide information
updates on disaster situation and actions being undertaken. It is
necessary in order to synchronize actions, avoid confusion and prevent
further damage.

Security- the PA in all its unit level as the capability to provide for its
own security. Security assistance can be provided to the local police
unit as necessary. Reservists may be utilized to provide additional
security in any occasion that there would be lack of disaster
management groups. The size of the security element shall be
dependent on the threat situation.
 Behavior of the rescuer:

The conduct of individuals says a lot about their

psychological makeup and personality. The nature of rescue
work is such that it is particularly important that personal
conduct does not aggravate matters, but rather assists in
creating a feeling that the situation is in competent hands,
and everything possible is being done to rescue and care for
the victims. A few of the more important general areas of
conduct or behaviors follow:
Attitude- a serious, professional attitude must be maintained to gain confidence
and support. Arrogance and superiority create instant antagonism. Loud talking,
joking, and horseplay reduce credibility; they create a feeling of resentment and
disgust and add to the confusion, thus hindering the work and adding to the state
of anxiety of the victims. Rescuers cannot consider themselves ‘professional’ if they
add to the confusion by loud shouting or frantic gestures.

Emotions- are hard to control in the best of circumstances. In a disaster the

control of emotions is a very difficult task but every effort must be made to prevent
emotions from influencing good judgment and competence. Regardless of the
excitement and the severity of the incident the rescuer must be able to remain
calm, and be sympathetic without becoming emotionally involved.
Courtesy- Tact, and good judgment are vital if the rescue task is to
be completed quickly and effectively. Courtesy must be given to all
concerned.

 Confidentiality- During rescue activities and training there may be

times when you will see and hear things which will be deemed
confidential. It is essential that you appreciate this and be
‘professional’ and do not discuss these matters inappropriately.
 The Six Stages of Rescue:

Stage 1 R Reconnaissance and survey

Stage 2 E Elimination of utilities
Stage 3 P Primary surface search and rescue
Stage 4 E Exploration of voids and spaces
Stage 5 A Access by selected debris removal
Stage 6 T Terminate by general debris removal
 Stage One – Reconnaissance and Survey

During Stage 1, as much information must be gathered as is

possible at the onset of the incident. "Intelligence" regarding the last
known locations and activities of those believed to be in the structure
will greatly assist in developing a plan for recovery efforts. Preliminary
search efforts should be concentrated on areas where people were last
seen or known to be. A list of the people normally in the building should
be obtained or created by the emergency services. It is suggested that
an individual be designated to interview those that may have escaped
the collapse, were eyewitnesses, or were in the building and rescued
early in the effort.
 Stage Two - Elimination of Utilities

During Stage 2 of the incident, all utilities must be evaluated

and controlled for safety. If necessary, utility services should be
isolated before any rescue work proceeds. If this is not possible, the
condition of the utilities present in the structure should be continually
monitored. Dynamic risk assessments based on the information
received from the monitoring process can dictate additional control
measures and will provide personnel with information as to the
working environment.
 Stage Three - Primary Surface Search and Rescue
Based on the initial search results, the incident commander
must prioritize the rescue sites and determine what resources to
commit to each site based on the potential for successful rescue of
those trapped. The incident commander must tailor the strategy, and
sector commanders the tactics to fit the general situation and specific
problems encountered. can assist in developing an understanding of
the nature of the debris pile.
 Stage Four - Exploration of Voids and Spaces
All voids and non-accessible spaces identified in the previous stages
must be searched and explored for live victims. A combination of visual and
audible search can be used during Stage 4. If there is a need to enter and
work in confined spaces a specific risk assessment should determine the
system of work employed. Explore visually, or with technical search cameras
all possible "voids" that are open or can be reached by removing surface
debris and/or core drilling through debris. Trained search canines can also
be effectively deployed into voids and accessible spaces. It is suggested that,
at approximately every hour on the hour, all work at the site be shut down
for a few minutes to listen for calls for help. During this period, selected
personnel should both call into the debris and strike parts of the debris so
that these sounds are transmitted into the debris pile. Simultaneously,
sound detection devices can be used to "listen" for movement or sounds
deep within the debris.
 Stage Five - Access by Selected Debris Removal
During Stage 5 the use of heavy plant should be considered.
Specialist machinery can grasp, cut and lift objects within the debris
pile, provided access can be gained. Named ‘de-layering’, the principle
to be adopted is one of lifting the debris rather than pulling horizontally.
Lifting debris will immediately reduce the load on the remaining debris
pile reducing the chance of secondary collapse. Pulling will shift the load
path, possibly onto a weaker part of the remaining structure, and
thereby increase the possibility of secondary collapse. Advice from
suitably experienced structural engineers will be critical in determining
the sequence of de-layering.
 Stage Six - Terminate by General Debris Removal
• During Stage 6, only limited numbers of rescue personnel
need to maintain a presence at the scene. Only if working directly
with contractors and assisting debris removal operations do they
need to be committed onto the debris pile. At this stage the risks of
injury are high and the potential for rescue low as the heavy
machinery removes the debris. If rescue personnel need to be
committed onto the debris pile to perform specific actions, then
heavy machinery should be stopped whilst these operations are
being completed.
 Team Composition:
Team composition will be determined by the various
organizations within each area on the basis of safe accomplishment of
set tasks. Regardless of the team composition, a team leader must be
appointed. A team of 6 – 8 members is required for effective general
rescue teamwork.
Disaster action teams are comprised of a single disaster
action team leader and several disaster action team members. The
disaster action team leader serves as coordinator of and provides
leadership for other team members. The responding disaster action
team volunteer makes an initial assessment and calls for additional
help as needed. The support and resources of the entire chapter are
available to disaster action team members when they respond to an
incident.
 Rescue Plan:
A strategy or procedure, planned in advance, to retrieve safely a
person who has fallen from an elevated work surface and is suspended in a full
body harness, to include self-rescue or mechanically aided rescue.
The concept of preparedness planning is very important for those
involved in disaster management. During an actual emergency, quick and
effective action is required. This action often depends on having made and
implemented preparedness plans. If appropriate action is not taken or if the
response is delayed, lives may be needlessly lost. In a preliminary plan, even
though the details of a disaster remain uncertain, you can identify emergency
shelter sites, plan and publicize evacuation routes, identify emergency water
sources, determine chains of command and communication procedures, train
response personnel and educate people about what to do in case of an
emergency.
 All of these measures will go a long way to
improving the quality, timing and effectiveness of the
response to a disaster. Disaster preparedness planning
involves identifying organizational resources, determining
roles and responsibilities, developing policies and procedures
and planning preparedness activities aimed at ensuring
timely disaster preparation and effective emergency
response. The actual planning process is preliminary in nature
and is performed in a state of uncertainty until an actual
emergency or disaster occurs.
 Organization of Rescue Team:
Command and control- includes the facilities, equipment, communication,
procedures, and personnel essential to a commander for planning, directing,
and controlling operations of assigned unit to pursue his assigned missions
and objectives.

Command and control system- is the process through which the activities of
units are directed, coordinated, and controlled to accomplish its mission.
Effective leadership is the main factor in achieving the objectives of the
operation. In disaster operations, leadership must be supported by a reliable,
flexible, secure, fast and durable command and control system. This system
must communicate orders, coordinate support, and provide direction to the
unit even during adverse conditions.
Commander and staff- every unit in the Army has a responsible leader in
command who exercises command and control. Commander have their staff
to assist in their exercise of command and control. The commander achieves
his goals by wisely using the unique abilities of his staff and subordinate
leaders.

Command Relationship- in disaster operations, task organizations involving

elements from various units are established through standard command
relationships with their inherent responsibility and authority.

Support Relationships- in disaster operations, Army units need to establish

support relationship among several Army unit and other organizations and
agencies operating in the disaster area. Internal and external support
relationships are established.
Security: Enhances disaster response operations by reducing vulnerability to
unexpected effects of disaster or even from hostile acts of a work.

Rescuer: A person who rescues you from harm or danger someone who saves
something from danger or violence A rescuer is someone who looks to take on the
responsibility for someone else's behavior. For example, the wife who takes the blame
for being hit by her husband because she got him so mad he couldn't help himself.

First Aider: A person who gives first aid and a branch of emergency services
dedicated to providing out-of-hospital acute medical care and/or transport to
definitive care, to patients with illnesses and injuries which the patient, or the medical
practitioner, believes constitutes a medical emergency.
 “By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

CHECK ON LEARNING

What are the important general areas of conduct or behaviors?

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

“By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

SUMMARY
 AIM
 Function of Disaster Rescue
 Groups of Rescue Worker and Traits
 Behavior of the Rescuer
 Rescue by Stage: Six Stages of Rescue
 Team Composition
 Rescue Plan
 Organization of Rescue Team

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

 “By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

Question

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

 “By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

Are you ready for assessment?

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

 “By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride”

End of Presentation

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.