SECTION 02840-1

DELINEATORS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item No Title Page No

PART 1 GENERAL............................................................................................................... 1

1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................................................................................. 1

1.02 SECTION INCLUDES .......................................................................................... 1

1.03 RELATED SECTIONS ......................................................................................... 1

1.04 REFERENCES..................................................................................................... 2

1.05 DEFINITIONS....................................................................................................... 3

1.06 SUBMITTALS....................................................................................................... 5

1.07 QUALITY CONTROL ........................................................................................... 5

1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS...................................................... 5

1.09 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 6

1.10 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE ........................................................... 6

PART 2 PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................ 7

2.01 GENERAL ............................................................................................................ 7

2.02 MATERIALS ......................................................................................................... 7

PART 3 EXECUTION ........................................................................................................... 9

3.01 DELINEATOR APPLICATIONS........................................................................... 9

3.02 DELINEATOR SPACING ..................................................................................... 9

3.03 DELINEATOR INSTALLATION.......................................................................... 11

3.04 FIELD QUALITY TESTS .................................................................................... 11

3.05 MAINTENANCE OF THE WORK....................................................................... 12

3.06 CLEAN UP ......................................................................................................... 12

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PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

A. This Section covers the furnishing and installation of flexible or rigid plastic
Delineators at the locations and to the details shown on the Contract Drawings.

B. The Contractor shall furnish all labor, materials, tools, equipment and other
incidentals required to complete the Work in accordance with the Contract
requirements.

1.02 SECTION INCLUDES

A. General Requirements of the Delineators

B. Materials of Delineator Posts

C. Materials of Retroreflective Sheeting

D. Color Code of Delineators

E. Application of Delineators

F. Spacing of Delineators

G. Installation of Delineators

H. Field Quality Tests of Delineators

1.03 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Section 01320 Construction Progress Documentation

B. Section 01330 Submittal Procedures

C. Section 01410 Regulatory Requirements

D. Section 01450 Quality Control

E. Section 01650 Product Delivery Requirements

F. Section 01660 Product Storage and Handling Requirements

G. Section 02315 Excavation and Fill

H. Section 02891 Traffic Signs

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1.04 REFERENCES

A. The referred codes and standards are intended to provide an acceptable level of
quality for materials, products and workmanship. In case of conflict between these
standards and the text of this Specification, the Specification text shall govern.

B. The latest revision of the referred codes and standards shall be used wherever
applicable. In case of conflict, the Contractor shall propose equipment, materials and
processes conforming to one group of codes and standards.

C. MOT Ministry of Transportation, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

1. General Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction

D. SASO Saudi Arabian Standards Organization

1. SASO 14 Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Pipes for Potable

Water

2. SASO 15 Methods of Testing Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride

Pipes for Potable Water

E. ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

1. ASTM D638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of

Plastics

2. ASTM D1785 Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)

(PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80 and 120

3. ASTM D2665 Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)

(PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and
Fittings

4. ASTM D4956 Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting

for Traffic Control

5. ASTM G152 Standard Practice for Operating Open Flame Carbon

Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic
Materials

6. ASTM G154 Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light

Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials

F. FHWA Federal Highway Administration

1. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways

(MUTCD), USA Department of Transportation

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1.05 DEFINITIONS

A. certificate: Document signed by a qualified party affirming that, at the time of

assessment, a product or service met the stated requirements.

B. certification: The authoritative act of documenting compliance with requirements.

C. contract drawings/plans: The Contract Drawings furnished by the Client showing

the location, type, dimensions, and details of the work.

D. contractor: The individual or legal entity contracting with the Client for performance
of the prescribed work.

E. grade: (1) The profile of the center of the roadway, or its rate of ascent or descent.
(2) To shape or reshape an earth road by means of cutting or filling. (3) To arrange
according to size. (4) Elevation.

F. delineator: A light-retroreflective device mounted at the side of the roadway, in a

series, to indicate the alignment of the roadway. They are used as an aid to
night-time driving, primarily on horizontal curves; all multilane divided highways;
ramps; lane reduction transitions; tangent sections where they can be justified due to
snow, fog, or other reduced visibility conditions; and at intersections without
illumination. Delineators are effective guidance devices at night and during adverse
weather and are considered as guidance devices rather than warning devices.

G. entrance angle: The angle formed by a ray from the light source to the reflector and
the normal to the reflector surface at the same point.

H. highway, street, or road: A general term denoting a public way for purposes of
vehicular travel, including the entire area within the right-of-way.

I. horizontal curve: A circular curve or transitional by means of which a highway can

change direction to the right or left.

J. incident light: The light from a controlled source falling on a receptor which is
placed in the same position as a reflector being measured for reflectance at 0°
incidence.

K. Interchange: A system of interconnecting roadways providing for traffic movement

between 2 or more highways that do not intersect at grade.

L. material: Any substances specified or necessary to satisfactorily complete the

contracted work.

M. median: The area between two roadways of a divided highway measured from edge
of traveled way to edge of traveled way. The median excludes turn lanes. The
median width might be different between intersections, interchanges, and at opposite
approaches of the same intersection.

N. observation angle: Is the angled formed by a ray from the light source to the
reflector and the ray from the receptor.

O. pavement structure: The combination of subbase, base, and surface course placed

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on a subgrade to support and distribute the traffic load to the roadbed.

P. pedestrian: A person afoot, in a wheelchair, on skates or on a skateboard.

Q. plumb: Vertical.

R. quality: The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear
on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs.

S. quality assurance: All those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide
adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy given requirements for
quality.

T. quality control: The operational techniques and activities that are used to fulfill the
requirements for quality.

U. reflected light: The light falling on a receptor after being reflected from a controlled
source by a reflex reflector.

V. retroreflective sheeting: A pre-assembled thin film that consists of a continuous

layer of small retroreflective elements close to the transparent surface.

W. retroreflectivity: A property of a surface that allows a large portion of the light

coming from a point source to be returned directly back to a point near its origin.

X. roadside: All area within the right-of-way excluding the traveled way and shoulders.

Y. roadway: That portion of a highway improved, designed or ordinarily used for

vehicular travel and parking lanes, but exclusive of the sidewalk, berm, or shoulder
even though such sidewalk, berm or shoulder is used by persons riding bicycles or
other human-powered vehicles. In the event a highway includes two or more
separate roadways, the term roadway as used herein shall refer to any such roadway
separately, but not to all such roadways collectively.

Z. shoulder: The portion of the roadway contiguous to the traveled way for
accommodation of stopped vehicles, for emergency use, and for lateral support of
the pavement structure.

AA. sign: Any traffic control device that is intended to communicate specific information
to road users through a word or symbol legend. Signs do not include traffic control
signals, pavement markings, delineators, or channelization devices.

BB. specifications: The written requirements for performing work.

CC. specific intensity per unit area (S.I.A.): The ratio in percent of the reflected light to
the incident light when they are both measured with the same controlled light source
and light receptor.

DD. traffic: Pedestrians, cyclists, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars and other
conveyances either singularly or together while using any highway for purposes of
travel.

EE. traffic control device: A sign, signal, marking or other device used to regulate, warn
or guide traffic; placed on, over or adjacent to a street, highway, pedestrian facility or

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shared-use path by authority of a public agency having jurisdiction.

FF. vehicle: Every device in, upon, or by which any person or property can be
transported or drawn upon a highway, except trains and light rail transit operating in
exclusive or semi-exclusive alignments. Light rail transit operating in a mixed-use
alignment, to which other traffic is not required to yield the right-of-way by law, is a
vehicle.

GG. work: The furnishing of all labor, material, equipment, and other incidentals
necessary to successfully complete the project according to the contract.

1.06 SUBMITTALS

A. The Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission, under the provisions of
SECTION 01330, the following items for review and approval before commencing
work:

1. Manufacturers complete product specification for Delineator Posts and

Reflective Sheeting, including test reports, performance data, and instructions
for application, maintenance and repair.

2. Manufacturer’s certifications certifying that the material supplied conforms to

all of the requirements specified.

3. Samples of proposed Delineator Posts and Retroreflective Sheeting.

1.07 QUALITY CONTROL

A. The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of work and shall develop and
propose programs and methods of construction and testing such as to achieve the
specified quality to the approval of the Royal Commission in accordance with
SECTION 01450.

1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

A. All works undertaken in relation to this specification are to be completed in full

accordance with the respective health and safety requirements established by the
following:

1. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

a) Legislation, Regulation, Standards and Codes.

2. Royal Commission Regulations

a) Standards, Contractual Conditions, and Health & Safety systems.

3. Contractor

a) Health and Safety Standards and Systems as accepted by the Royal

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Commission.

B. In the absence of any of the above, best accepted industry practice shall be
employed throughout.

1.09 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Delineators shall be retroreflective devices mounted along the side of the roadway in
a series to indicate the alignment of the roadway.

B. The size of the Delineators shall be as shown on the Contract Drawings.

C. Delineators shall consist of retroreflector units capable of clearly retroreflecting light

under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of 300 m when illuminated by
the high beams of standard automobile lights.

D. The retroreflective materials shall exhibit the same daylight appearance from different
viewing angles.

E. The retroreflective materials shall exhibit the same color and appearance at night
under directional lighting as in daylight.

F. Consideration shall be given to selecting materials that will minimize tripping or loss
of traction for pedestrians and bicyclists.

G. Delineator posts shall be capable of being driven into an earth shoulder with or
without a pilot hole.

1.10 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE

A. The Contractor shall deliver, handle and store equipment and material units in
accordance with SECTIONS 01650 and 01660, as well as the following
requirements:

1. All materials shall be delivered, stored and handled in a manner that will
prevent damage and deterioration.

2. Materials delivered for use on a project shall be stored off the ground in a dry
place and under the cover.

3. All materials shall be checked at the time of delivery to ensure that they are
free from cracks, tears, ridges, humps, discoloration, or other objectionable
blemishes that could impair the intended use of the Delineators.

4. Any material damaged, discolored or defaced during transportation, storage or

erection may be rejected.

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PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.01 GENERAL

A. All goods and products covered by these Specifications shall be procured, when
available, from an in-Kingdom manufacturer. Procurement of all goods and products
manufactured out-of-Kingdom must be approved by the Royal Commission.

2.02 MATERIALS

A. General

1. Delineator materials shall exhibit good workmanship with homogeneous and

smooth surface finish; and shall be free from burns, discoloration,
contamination, indents, surface imperfections and other objectionable marks or
defects which would affect the appearance or serviceability.

B. Rigid Delineator Posts

1. Plastic pipe for Rigid Delineator Posts shall be round, rigid PVC pipe,
conforming to the requirements of SASO 14, ASTM D1785, ASTM D2665 and
the test requirements of SASO 15.

C. Flexible Delineator Posts

1. Material for Flexible Delineators Posts shall be flexible and durable plastic;
resistant to impact, ultraviolet light, ozone, hydrocarbons and other effects of
atmospheric weathering; and shall meet the test requirements of ASTM D638,
G152 and G154.

2. The Flexible Delineator Posts shall be flat or round, as shown on the Contract
Drawings. The Contractor can submit other sections of the Delineators for the
Royal Commission’s review and approval.

3. The posts shall remain flexible during the extreme local weather conditions.

4. The posts shall be designed and manufactured from impact resistance

material such that an installed post is capable of self-erecting, remaining
serviceable and in an installed position after being subjected to repeated high-
speed impacts.

D. Retroreflective Sheeting

1. General

a) Retroreflective Sheeting shall conform to requirements as specified in

SECTION 02891.

b) The sheeting shall have a pre-coated pressure sensitive adhesive

backing so that it may be installed on Delineator Posts following
installation of the posts with adequate strength to prevent loss of the
reflective material during the life of the post.

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2. Color Code

a) Retroreflective Sheeting colors shall be as follows:

Location Color

Through Roads White

Ramps Amber

Intersections Amber

Obstructions Red

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PART 3 EXECUTION

3.01 DELINEATOR APPLICATIONS

A. The Contractor shall layout all Delineator locations to assure their proper placement.
The layout shall be approved by the Royal Commission before installation operations
are started.

B. Delineators shall be placed in such a manner as not to cause any vertical or

horizontal clearance obstacle for pedestrians.

C. Delineators shall be used on long continuous sections of highway or through short

stretches where there are changes in horizontal alignment, as shown on the Contract
Drawings.

D. Delineators shall be placed on the outside of the curve on interchange ramps.

E. Delineators shall be used to indicate a lane reduction transition where either an

outside or inside lane merges into an adjacent lane:

1. For lane reduction transitions, the Delineators shall be used adjacent to the
lane or lanes reduced for the full length of the transition and shall be so placed
and spaced to show the reduction.

2. Delineators are not necessary for traffic moving in the direction of a wider
pavement or on the side of the roadway where the alignment is not affected by
the lane reduction transition.

F. On a highway with continuous delineation on either or both sides, Delineators shall

be carried through transitions.

3.02 DELINEATOR SPACING

A. Delineators shall be placed such that the top of the reflective area is 1.2 m above the
near edge of the roadway.

B. Delineators shall be placed 0.6 to 2.4 m outside the outer edge of the shoulder, or if
applicable, in line with the guardrail post.

C. Delineators shall be placed at a constant distance from the edge of the roadway,
except that where a guardrail or other obstruction intrudes into the space between
the pavement edge and the extension of the line of the Delineators, the Delineators
shall be transitioned to be in line with or inside the innermost edge of the obstruction
and then return to its normal alignment once the obstruction is passed.

D. Delineators shall be spaced 60 to 160 m apart on mainline tangent sections and

30 m apart on ramp tangent sections.

E. Delineators shall be spaced evenly along the roadway. When uniform spacing is
interrupted by such features as driveways and intersections, Delineators which would
ordinarily be located within the features may be relocated in either direction for a
distance not exceeding one quarter of the uniform spacing. Delineators still falling

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within such features may be eliminated.

F. Delineators shall be transitioned in advance of a lane transition or obstruction as a

guide for oncoming traffic.

G. The spacing of Delineators shall be adjusted on approaches to and throughout

horizontal curves so that several Delineators are always simultaneously visible to the
road user. The approximate Delineator spacing shown in Table 3A shall be used as a
guideline, if such information is not available on the Contract Drawings.

TABLE 3A: APPROXIMATE SPACING FOR DELINEATORS ON HORIZONTAL CURVES

Spacing in Advance of and Beyond
Radius (R) of Approximate
Curvature (m)
Curve Spacing (S) on st
(m) Curve (m) 1 2nd 3rd
Delineator Delineator Delineator
15 6 12 18 36

35 8 16 24 48

55 11 22 33 66

75 13 26 39 78

95 15 30 45 90

125 18 36 54 90

155 20 40 60 90

185 22 44 66 90

215 24 48 72 90

245 26 52 78 90

275 27 54 81 90

305 29 58 87 90

1. Spacing on turns and curves that have radii not shown may be interpolated
from the table or computed from the formula; S = 1.7 ¥ R-15.

2. The minimum Delineator spacing on the turns and curves shall not be less
than 6 m and the maximum spacing shall not exceed 90 m.

3. In advance of or beyond a curve, and proceeding away from the end of the
curve, the spacing of the first Delineator shall be 2S, the second 3S, and the
third 6S but shall not exceed 90 m.

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3.03 DELINEATOR INSTALLATION

A. The Contractor shall install the Delineator Posts at the locations shown on the
Contract Drawings.

B. The post installation methods shall comply with the post manufacturer’s
recommendations unless prior written approval of the alternate techniques is
obtained from the Royal Commission.

C. Unless otherwise approved, holes for Delineator posts shall be of the depth and size
shown on the Contract Drawings. Posts shall be driven vertical; and set plumb and to
the established lines and grades. On short radius curves, it may be necessary to
adjust the Delineators several degrees towards the roadway so that they are
perpendicular to the line of oncoming traffic.

D. The method of installation shall not damage or substantially alter the cross-sectional
dimensions the posts. Pilot holes shall be drilled or formed by other means where
necessary to obtain the required embedment. Posts with damaged tops shall not be
permitted. Posts which are bent or damaged during or after erection until initial
acceptance of the Work shall be removed and replaced with an acceptable post by
and at the Contractor's expense.

E. Any soft, spongy or other unstable ground encountered at the post locations shall be
removed and replaced with suitable backfill material in accordance with
SECTION 02315 and compacted to the extent necessary to meet the above
requirements.

F. The unstable material shall be disposed of as specified in SECTION 02315.

G. The posts shall be completely cleaned of all dirt, oil and other objectionable material
to which retroreflective sheeting might not adhere.

H. The retroreflective sheeting shall be free of physical damage prior to and after
installation.

I. Strips of retroreflective sheeting, cut to width as indicated on the Contract Drawings,

shall be attached to the posts at elevations shown. Each strip shall completely
encircle the post and shall be firmly attached using pressure sensitive adhesive in
accordance with the Manufacturer’s instructions to prevent debonding during the life
of the post.

3.04 FIELD QUALITY TESTS

A. The Contractor shall test, before opening the road to traffic, that the retroreflector
units are clearly retroreflecting light under normal atmospheric conditions from a
distance of 300 m when illuminated by the high beams of standard automobile lights.

B. The Contractor shall check the installation of the Delineators at night to ensure that
there are no confusing or misleading Delineators.

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3.05 MAINTENANCE OF THE WORK

A. The Contractor shall be responsible for maintaining the Delineators up to initial

acceptance of the Work.

3.06 CLEAN UP

A. The Contractor shall leave the site clean and ready for use after completion of the
Work.

END OF SECTION

Rev 0 12 of 12 Contract No: