CHAPTER II

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURE

This chapter presents the research design, research locale, population and

sampling of the study, research instrument, and data gathering procedure, ethical

considerations, and statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

This study will utilize a quantitative-descriptive survey approach in

determining the public’s psychological responses during Covid-19 pandemic

lockdown period in Zamboanga City.

Descriptive research accurately and systematically describes a population,

situation or phenomenon and it can use a wide variety of research methods to

investigate one or more variables (McCombes, 2020).

Research Locale

The study will be conducted at Zamboanga City. This city is a considerably

first class highly urbanized city in the Zamboanga Peninsula of the Philippines.

According to the 2015 census, it is the sixth-most populous and third-largest city

by land area in the Philippines. Zamboanga City's 2020 population is now

estimated at 917,477.
 Figure 2

Spot Map of Zamboanga City

(Google Maps, 2020)

Population and Sampling

The respondents of this study will be the general public residing in the

areas of Zamboanga City who are 18 years old and who are psychologically

healthy.

Research Instrument

The researchers will use a structured questionnaire in the collection of the

data and examine the various variables. The items that will be used to

operationalize various constructs that include the health anxiety, coping

mechanism, and Locus of control- Internal/external. All of the scales will be

formulated based on Likert scale from “Strongly disagree” (1) and “Strongly

Agree” (5).

The questionnaire is divided into two parts. The first part contains the

respondent’s demographic profile that includes the sex, age, civil status, ethnicity,

educational attainment, occupation, and barangay. The second part of the

questionnaire will determine the health anxiety of respondents, the coping

mechanisms and respondents’ locus of control.

This will be answered by placing a check mark on the area supplied on

the checklist. The convenience sampling approach will used to administer the

questionnaires among adult ages 18 or above and psychologically healthy

resident of Zamboanga City. The survey instrument’s face validity and content

validity will be checked and validated by the panel of experts before

administrating it.

Validity and Reliability

The questionnaire checklist will be reviewed, analysed and critiqued by the

three competent validators.

To establish the reliability of the instrument, the researchers will be

conducting a pilot testing to evaluate the validity of the study.

Ethical Considerations
 The researchers will adhere and commit to practice basic ethical principles

and will be obliged to achieve and maintain the highest standards of intellectual

honesty in the conduct of the study. Researchers will seek approval from the

ethics committee for our research study. The researchers will assure the

confidentiality in handling overall information of the subjects. No physical and/or

psychological harm will be inflicted to the respondents. The anonymity of the

respondents will be properly kept and observed. The respondents will be

requested to sign the consent form to ensure that the study will be totally

voluntary. The researchers understood that the respondents have the right to

choose based on their beliefs and status. After the data will be recorded, the

researchers will submit all the answered questionnaires to the research adviser

for evaluation. The researcher will ensure the accuracy and appropriateness of

data gathering and analysis. Researchers will give proper citation, credit, and

acknowledgment to individuals or sources that will be utilized in the research

study.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will prepare a letter seeking permission from the Director

of School of Allied Medicine and to the Dean of the College of Nursing for their

approval in the conduct of the said study. Upon approval, the gathering of data

will initiate.

Every respondent will be provided with a letter discussing the information

regarding the study; a consent form that must be signed by the respondent prior
to answering the survey questionnaires. The researchers will guide the

respondents in accomplishing the survey questionnaires. After this, a thorough

interview will be conducted to support the data. The researchers will summarize

the data gathered and will be handed to the Statistician for further analysis.

Statistical Treatment

The researchers will tabulate and analyze the gathered data with the use

of the following statistical tools:

Weighted mean will be used to determine the level of psychological

responses towards Covid-19 lockdown period in Zamboanga City among

respondents in terms of health anxiety, coping mechanism and locus of control.

T-test and One-way ANOVA will be used to ascertain the significant

difference in the level of psychological responses towards Covid-19 lockdown

period in Zamboanga City among respondents in terms of demographic profile.

Pearson Product-Moment Correlation will be used to determine the

significant correlation in the health anxiety, coping mechanism and locus of

control of the respondents.