3/21/2020 Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo : ExploreLearning

 ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS: Print Page

DJ FURANO Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 SCORE

Your Results  saved for      5/5

class Animal Behavior Block
1

Questions & Answers

1. A scientist wishes to create a population of bugs to match a certain background. Which of the
following bugs should be bred to create offspring that have the genotype shown below?

m
er as
co
eH w
o.
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu
sh is
Th

 A. A and B
 B. A and D
 C. C and B
 D. C and D

https://www.coursehero.com/file/57687439/Evolution-Natural-and-Artificial-Selection-Gizmo-ExploreLearningpdf/

https://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=575&ClassID=3815539 1/5
3/21/2020 Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo : ExploreLearning

Correct Answer: A. A and B

Explanation: To get the desired genotype, the breeder needs a BMM chromosome from
one parent and a BRW chromosome from the other. Bug A has the BRW chromosome,
and bug B has the BMM chromosome. Therefore, about one quarter of the offspring of
this pair will have the desired genotype. Bugs C and D have similar genotypes, but none
will yield the exact allele combination that is desired.

You answered this question correctly!

2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of natural selection?

m
er as
 A. More offspring are born than will survive to reproduce.

co
 B. Mutations appear randomly.

eH w
 C. Breeding pairs are chosen by humans.
 D. Organisms that are better adapted are more likely to survive.

o.
rs e
ou urc
Correct Answer: C. Breeding pairs are chosen by humans.
o

Explanation: The selection of breeding pairs by humans is a characteristic of arti cial

aC s

selection, not natural selection.

vi y re

You answered this question correctly!

ed d
ar stu

3. Which of the following statements is true about arti cial selection?

sh is

 A. Breeders can control which animals mate.

Th

 B. Breeders can control what mutations will appear in the offspring.
 C. Both A and B are true.
 D. Neither A nor B is true.

Correct Answer: A. Breeders can control which animals mate.

Explanation: Breeders can only control which animals will mate to produce offspring.
Mutations occur randomly and cannot be controlled, either by the breeder or by the
organisms themselves.

https://www.coursehero.com/file/57687439/Evolution-Natural-and-Artificial-Selection-Gizmo-ExploreLearningpdf/

https://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=575&ClassID=3815539 2/5
3/21/2020 Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo : ExploreLearning

You answered this question correctly!

4. In this simulation, the mutation rate is the probability of a single gene mutating in an offspring
bug. Assuming each offspring bug has six genes, which of the following snapshots most likely
corresponds to a mutation rate of 4%?

m
er as
co
eH w
o.
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu
sh is
Th

 A. Image A
 B. Image B
 C. Image C
 D. Image D

Correct Answer: C. Image C

Explanation: In each generation there are twenty offspring bugs. Each bug has six genes,
so there are a total of 120 genes that could possibly mutate. 4% of 120 is 4.8, so on
average there will be about 5 mutations each generation. (Note: Since some bugs may
have more than one mutation, the average number of offspring with mutations will be a
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57687439/Evolution-Natural-and-Artificial-Selection-Gizmo-ExploreLearningpdf/

https://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=575&ClassID=3815539 3/5
3/21/2020 Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo : ExploreLearning

bit less than 5.) Although any of the answer choices are possible outcomes, choice C is
the most likely outcome.

You answered this question correctly!

5. A scientist used radiation to change the mutation rates of a population of bugs. He then
measured how many generations it took for bugs with different mutation rates to adapt to a new
background by natural selection. On the graph below, the x-axis represents the mutation rate,
and the y-axis represents the number of generations it took for the bugs to reach an average
tness of 90%. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

m
er as
co
eH w
o.
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu

 A. Adaptation occurred most quickly when the mutation rate was lowest.
 B. Adaptation occurred more quickly as the mutation rate increased. However, this effect
was relatively small for mutation rates above 1%.
sh is

 C. Adaptation occurred twice as quickly when the mutation rate was 10% as when the
Th

mutation rate was 5%.

 D. There is no relationship between the mutation rate and how quickly adaptation
occurred.

Correct Answer: B. Adaptation occurred more quickly as the mutation rate increased.
However, this effect was relatively small for mutation rates above 1%.

Explanation: Quicker adaptation is indicated by fewer generations needed to reach a

certain average tness. The bugs with a 0.1% mutation rate took over 500 generations to
adapt, while the bugs with a 10% mutation rate only took about 50 generations to adapt.
In general, greater mutation rates correspond to quicker adaptation. However, there is a
relatively small difference between a 1% mutation rate and a 10% mutation rate, and no
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57687439/Evolution-Natural-and-Artificial-Selection-Gizmo-ExploreLearningpdf/

https://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=575&ClassID=3815539 4/5
 3/21/2020 Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo : ExploreLearning

measurable difference at all between 6% and 10%.

Greater rates of mutation lead to increased variation and a greater chance of favorable
mutations appearing. However, when mutation rates are very high, these favorable traits
could easily disappear in the next generation, so having more mutations will not
necessarily increase the rate of adaptation.

You answered this question correctly!

m
er as
co
eH w
o.
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu
sh is
Th

https://www.coursehero.com/file/57687439/Evolution-Natural-and-Artificial-Selection-Gizmo-ExploreLearningpdf/

https://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=575&ClassID=3815539 5/5
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)