15ENG 4.

6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY
AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS
MODULE -1

FEBRUARY 1, 2019
BY
RAKESH R
Assistant Professor, BGSSAP
+91 - 9844660661
15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Contents (Click on the content)

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS .......................................... 1
MODULE 6 ....................................................................................................................................... 3
STEPS ............................................................................................................................................... 3
Cement concrete bed for foundation (1:4:6) ................................................................................. 4
R.c.c works 1:2:4 with 1% steel Reinforcement ............................................................................. 5
P.C.C in R.c.c works (I: 2: 4) ............................................................................................................. 6
Random rubble masonry in cm (1:6) In Foundation ....................................................................... 6
Ashlar masonry in cm 1:6................................................................................................................ 7
2.5cm thick cement concrete (1: 2: 4) ............................................................................................ 8
20 mm thick D. P. C. with cement Motor 1: 3 ................................................................................ 9
Brick masonry in cm 1:6 in super structures ................................................................................ 10
12 mm thick cement Plastering 1: 6 on New brickwork ............................................................... 12
Painting on a wall .......................................................................................................................... 13
Sewage pipe line ........................................................................................................................... 13

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

CONTACT PERIODS : : 3 (Lecture) per week
DURATION OF EXAM : 3 Hrs
THEORY MARKS: 100
PROGRESSIVE MARKS:50
OBJECTIVE: To develop the necessary skills for establishing and writing specifications based on
proposed materials for the preparation of Bill of Quantities leading to cost estimation of proposed
architectural works.
OUTLINE:
MODULE 1
1) Introduction to Estimation: Need for estimation, relationship between choice of
materials, their specifications, Bill of Quantities (BOQ), project costing, project
quality/cost/ time management.
2) Specifications: How to arrive at abstract and detailed specifications for various
materials leading to ‘items of work’ used in construction?. Including influence and
impact of local and national building codes on specifications.
MODULE 2
3) Bill of Quantities (BOQ): Why and how to build flexibility, resilience and redundancy
in BOQ.

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

4) Mandatory tests & Safety Measures in Specifications: Procedures, frequency and

submission of results as part of specifications and their inclusion in the BOQ for
different materials document. Integrating workers’ safety and material security into
specifications.
MODULE 3
5) Introduction to Costing: Why do rates vary? - study of government rates (CPWD/
Karnataka PWD Schedule of Rates) and market rates. Concept of inflation and its effect
on costing.eg. escalation clause, extra items, variations
6) Detailed rate analysis of building: Basic knowledge of items as per current schedule
of rates (CSR) of local PWD. Percentages (based on thumb rule calculations) of various
bulk materials used in construction like cement, steel, rubble, metal, sand, brick, tiles
etc.
MODULE 4
7) Introduction to sequence of construction activity: Project time/ labor /materials
costing and impact of delay in project on costing.
8) Term project 1: Detailed specifications writing and estimation of Bill of Quantities
(BOQ) for an RCC framed house with an attached temporary shed.
9) Term project 2: Detailed specifications writing and estimation of Bill of Quantities
(BOQ) for an office interior work.
MODULE 5
10) Term project 3: Detailed specifications writing and estimation of Bill of Quantities
(BOQ) for Water supply and sanitary works including overhead tanks and Sump tanks.
11) Term project 4: Detailed specifications writing and estimation of Bill of Quantities
(BOQ) for a typical residential layout plan with roads, culverts, pavements, etc.
12) Billing requirements: Role of the architect in monitoring the specifications follow-up
for quality control, the measurement book (MB), RA bills, interim and final checking and
certification of works on site based on the BOQ and terms of contracts.
REFERENCES:
1. Dutta B.N ,Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering- Theory and Practice, UBS
Publishers, 1993.
2. Rangwala, Estimating, Costing and Valuation, Charotar Publishing House.

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

MODULE 6

STEPS
1. Assume Qty
2. Calculate QTY with respect to each item considered
3. Cost of Materials
4. Cost of Labour
5. Cost of Tools and Plant
6. Cost of Overhead and water charges
7. Profit
8. Rate per unit

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Cement concrete bed for foundation (1:4:8)

Take quantity to be 10 cu.m.
Assume wastage to be 50 % to 60 % of the total Quantity.
Summation of proportions (1+4+8 = 13)
Cement

Sand

Aggregates

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. cement 36 bags 120 Per.bag 4320 .Rs
2. Sand 4.8 cu.m 110 /cu.m 528 .Rs
3. Aggregates 9.6 cu.m 160 /cu.m 1536 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 6809 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Over head and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 680.9 .Rs

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Total Cost 8239.9 .Rs

Rates per unit = Total cost

Total Qty

R.c.c works 1:2:4 with 1% steel Reinforcement

Assume Qty to be 10 Cu.m
Summation of proportions I+2 + 4 = 7
FOR Dry materials increase Qty by 50 % ie., 15cu.m
Cement

Sand

Aggregates

Steel Reinforcement = I % = (1/100) x 10x7850 = 785 Kgs or 0.785 TON

Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

Cost of Materials
1. cement 66 bags 120 Per.bag 7920 .Rs
2. Sand 4.28 cu.m 110 /cu.m 470.8 .Rs
3. Aggregates 8.517 cu.m 160 /cu.m 1362.72 .Rs
4. Steel reieforcement 0.785 ton 15000 /M.ton 11775 .Rs
5. Centering and Shuttering 500 .Rs

Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 2 days 90 Per day 180 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs

5. Barbender 1 days 100 Per day 100
6. Barbender helper 2 days 30 Per day 60
Total cost of Material and Labour 22748.52 .Rs

Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

Cost of Overhead and water charges 250 .Rs

Cost of Profit 2349.852 .Rs

Total Cost 25848.37 .Rs

Cost per Unit 2584.837 .Rs

P.C.C in R.c.c works (I: 2: 4)

It’s similar to R.c.c works the cost of reinforcement shall be Excluded. therefore, From the above
Item the cost Is = Total cost – Reinforcement cost

Random rubble masonry in cm (1:6) In Foundation

Take Qty to be 10 cu.m
Assume wastage of 25% = 10 + 2.5= 12.5 cu.m
Assume Quantity of concrete required for to 10 cu.m of masonry to be 5 Cu.m
summation of qty =1+6 = 7
cement =

sand. =

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

A Cost of Materials
1. Stones 12.5 Cu.m 120 /cu.m 1500 .Rs
2. Cement 22 cu.m 110 /cu.m 2420 .Rs
3. Sand 4.3 cu.m 160 /cu.m 688 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 5033 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Over head and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 503.3 .Rs

Total Cost 6286.3 .Rs

Cost per Unit 628.63 .Rs

Ashlar masonry in cm 1:6

Take Qty to be 10 cu.m
In Ashlar masonry large portion of Stone is wasted for dressing of the stone to shape hence
assume wastage to be Equal to 50%.
Assume wastage of 50% = 10 + 5= 15 cu.m
Assume Quantity of concrete required for to 10 cu.m of masonry to be 5 Cu.m
summation of qty =1+6 = 7
cement =

sand. =

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. Stones 15 Cu.m 120 /cu.m 1800 .Rs
2. Cement 22 cu.m 110 cu.m 2420 .Rs
3. Sand 4.3 cu.m 160 cu.m 688 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 5333 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Over head and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 533.3 .Rs

Total Cost 6616.3 .Rs

Cost per Unit 661.63 .Rs

2.5cm thick cement concrete (1: 2: 4)

Since in the above work thickness is given as 2.5 cm, we assume work in terms Of Area.
Assume area of concreting to be 100 Sqm
Qty of concrete = 100 x 0.025 = 2.5 Cu.m
Assume wastage to be 50 % to 60 %
total Quantity = 2.5 * 0.5 + 2.5 = 3.75 Cu.m
summation of proportions 1 + 2+ 4= 7
Cement =

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Sand =

Aggregates =

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. cement 16 bags 120 Per.bag 1920 .Rs
2. Sand 1.07 cu.m 110 /cu.m 117.7 .Rs
3. Aggregates 2.43 cu.m 160 /cu.m 388.8 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 2851.5 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Overhead and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 285.15 .Rs

Total Cost 3886.65 .Rs

Cost per Unit 388.665 .Rs

20 mm thick D. P. C. with cement Motor 1: 3

Take 100 sq.m
Assume thickness of 0.02m
Calculation of materials = Area X thickness = 100 x 0.02 = 2 Cu.m
assume wastage to be 50 %. 2 + 1 = 3 cu.m

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

cement=

sand=

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. cement 23 bags 120 Per.bag 2760 .Rs
2. Sand 2.25 cu.m 110 /cu.m 247.5 .Rs
3. Water proofing 20 Kg 50 /kg 1000 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 4432.5 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Overhead and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 443.25 .Rs

Total Cost 5625.75 .Rs

Cost per Unit 562.575 .Rs

Brick masonry in cm 1:6 in super structures

No of bricks required = Volume of brickwork =
Volume of one birck

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

As per Indian standard Size of Each Brick is 19x 9x 9 cm and size of Brick along with mortar around
it is 20x 10x 10 cm.
Volume of motor in 10 Cu.m of Brickwork is = volume of Brick masonry - Actual volume of Brick
in masonry.
= 10 – 5000 x (0.19 x 0.09 x 0.09)
= 2.3 cu.m
increase the volume by 50 % to fill frog and as wastage = 2.3 + 1.15 = 3.45 cu.m
cement=

Sand=

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. cement 15 bags 120 Per.bag 1800 .Rs
2. Sand 3 cu.m 110 /cu.m 330 .Rs
3. Brick 5000 Nos 8 /cu.m 40000 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 42555 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel,
500 .Rs
etc.,

Cost of Overhead and water

D 250 .Rs
charges

E Cost of Profit 4255.5 .Rs

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Total Cost 47560.5 .Rs

Cost per Unit 4756.05 .Rs

12 mm thick cement Plastering 1: 6 on New brickwork

Take – 100 Sqm
Assume thickness to be 0.12m
Assume wastage of 20% = volume (100x 0.12 = 1.2 cu.m)
= 1.2 + .24= 1.44 cu.m
Dry material increases the volume by 1/3 rd of Quality of mortar = 1.44 + 1/3*1.44
= 1.92 cu.m
Cement=

Sand =

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. cement 15 bags 120 Per.bag 1800 .Rs
2. Sand 3 cu.m 110 /cu.m 330 .Rs
3. Shuttering 500 .Rs

B Cost of Labours
1. Head Mason 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Mason 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
3. Skilled labour 2 days 40 Per day 80 .Rs
4. Helper 3 days 30 Per day 90 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 3055 .Rs

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Over head and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 305.5 .Rs

Total Cost 4110.5 .Rs

Cost per Unit 411.05 .Rs

Painting on a wall
Take -100 Sqm

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. cement 50 lts 250 Per.lts 12500 .Rs
2. Shuttering 600

B Cost of Labours
1. Painter 0.5 days 90 Per day 45 .Rs
2. Helper 3 days 70 Per day 210 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 13355 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Overhead and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 1335.5 .Rs

Total Cost 15440.5 .Rs

Cost per Unit 1544.05 .Rs

Sewage pipe line

Take pipe line length of 100m.
Length of each sewage pipe is 0.6m

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP

15ENG 4.6: SPECIFICATION, QUANTITY AND COSTING OF BUILDINGS

Number of pipes = 167 nos

Sl.no Particulars of items Qty Unit Rate Unit Amount Unit

A Cost of Materials
1. Sewage pipe 167 Nos 100 Per.Nos 16700 .Rs
2. Pipe Fixing glue 200 kg 20 per kg 4000

B Cost of Labours
1. Plumber 2 days 90 Per day 180 .Rs
2. Helper 6 days 70 Per day 420 .Rs
Total cost of Material and Labour 21300 .Rs

C Cost of tools and plant

Concrete mixes, Batching, Trowel, etc., 500 .Rs

D Cost of Overhead and water charges 250 .Rs

E Cost of Profit 2130 .Rs

Total Cost 24180 .Rs

Cost per Unit 2418 .Rs

RAKESH R (Assistant Professor) BGSSAP