CAINTA CATHOLIC COLLEGE

Cainta, Rizal

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Senior High School Students’ Perception on the Challenges in the Rules and

Regulations in using Social Media in Information Dissemination in the Midst of

Pandemic

A Research Proposal
Presented to the faculty of
Senior High School Department
Cainta Catholic College
Cainta, Rizal

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course

Practical Research in Daily Life 2 (Quantitative Research)

GOMEZ EDERLYN

BESANA ANN CLARE

CRISTOBAL JASMINE

LACAMPUENGA JULIANA

TALION JESSICA MARIE

COSINO ANTONIO MIGUEL

 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In these challenging times, our country needs to adopt rules and regulations in order

to embrace with the so-called “New Normal”. The current and debatable law is the

Republic Act 11469 or otherwise known as the “Bayanihan to heal as One Act of

2020”, Many Filipinos are still unaware of the implications aligned with these laws.

Starting from its basic contents, concepts up to its interpretations.

With the rise of social media tools and the extensive use of smart terminals, social

media has become a valuable source of information for many individuals. However,

false information can spread quickly, in which one important purpose of RA 11469 is

trying to suppress. False information has been one of the main issues of this

generation thus, the government is constrained if not totally but at least to reduce its

detrimental effects.

In this pandemic, social media is a great way for individuals and communities to stay

connected while physically separated. Especially that the government education

system also adopted online class or distant learning, students will heavily rely on the

benefits of technology and the Web. This however is a double-edged sword. There

may be ongoing factors that will be resolved and new issues may appear moving

forward which is why there is a need to extremely look at every one’s actions.

This study aims to know the impact of using social media in disseminating

information by carrying out surveys on every senior highschool students of Cainta

Catholic College. This also aims to identify the existing and emerging avenues of

social media in facilitating information dissemination. Researchers shall conduct the

said surveys and illustrate how avenues of information dissemination may be

integrated with each other.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

As a response, the Philippine government has undertaken measures to curb the

spread of the virus. This includes travel restrictions, various levels of community

quarantines and the T3 (test, trace and treat) program. To fully implement these

measures, President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law Republic Act No. 11469 or the

Bayanihan to Heal as One Act on March 25, 2020. This act declares the pandemic as

a national emergency and authorizes the president to exercise emergency powers

necessary to ensure public health and safety (The Philippine Congress) Though the

Bayanihan Act is commendable for its provisions on the remuneration for healthcare

front-liners, a prohibition on the hoarding of basic necessities, and cash and non-

cash relief for indigent and unemployed citizens, it still includes a highly questionable

provision on the criminalization of fake news.

Section 6f of the Bayanihan Act criminalizes people who make and spread false

information (on social media and other platforms). Accordingly, people who

proliferate information that have ‘no valid or beneficial effect on the population, and

are clearly geared to promote panic, chaos, anarchy, fear and confusion’ shall be

imprisoned for up to 2 months or be fined for up to one million pesos.

In less than a month since its implementation, 47 persons were nabbed for the

alleged violations of the provision (Manila Bulletin). Among them is the celebrated

Cebu-based artist and scriptwriter, Maria Victoria Beltran. Due to her COVID-19

satirical post on social media, where she wrote: ‘9,000+ new cases (All from
Zapatera) of COVID-19 in Cebu City in 1 day. We are now the epicentre in the whole

Solar System’, Beltran was threatened by the city mayor, put in jail and even had to

post bail amounting to PhP 42,000.00. She was ‘arrested by the Philippine National

Police in the dark hours of midnight, interrogated, tied to a chair and held

incommunicado for 16 hours’ (Manila Bulletin).

Information about the spread of the coronavirus is circulated through various

information channels in the society, both mainstream media, alternative media, social

media, and daily conversation. One of the information channels that is widely used

and referenced by the public is social media. Dissemination of information about the

expanse of the coronavirus on social media is arranged by various individuals. Many

people present alternative information in the form of memes, jokes, and funny

content that contains information about spreading the coronavirus. This phenomenon

can be categorized as a lower social class attempt to understand and spread

information about the coronavirus (Cinelli, et al., 2020) outbreak. The media used to

disseminate this information contains text, images/photos, or videos that contain

memes, organized, and funny content. This phenomenon can be seen as a lower-

class struggle to educate its class in situations and conditions caused by the

coronavirus. (Tri Sulistyaningtyas, Jejen Jaelani, Yani Suryan,2020)

The use of social media platforms to convey public opinion and attitude, has

expanded rapidly over the last decade on topics related to public health, infectious

disease and behavioural medicine (Dol et al., 2019; Sinnenberg et al., 2016). Social

media platforms are seen as an instant method to communicate with the public

(Neiger et al., 2012; Waring et al., 2019) and an opportunity to provide better

understanding of the roles of healthcare professionals to better shape public

perceptions (Antonoff & Stamp, 2017; Gill & Baker, 2019; Silva & Freischlag, 2017).
It is argued that sharing and retweeting posts on social media, is not simply to attract

a new audience but to validate others’ perspective, publicly agree or disagree with

the person posting, adding new content and engaging with others (Boyd et al., 2010).

One systematic review, with 137 included articles, identified four uses of twitter by

healthcare researchers which include (Sinnenberg et al., 2016) Furthermore,

healthcare researchers have used social media platforms to recruit participants for

research projects and for related interventional studies (Sinnenberg et al., 2016).

Social media analysis has been used in epidemics and outbreaks for various

purposes including digital epidemiology, providing important insights into online

content, negating rumours and the spread of inaccurate information and exploring

perspectives and sentiment of the public (Roy et al., 2020). The COVID-19 pandemic

has resulted in a widespread activity on social media from hysteria, fear, spread of

misinformation and inaccurate judgment of literature to sharing positive experiences

and efforts from around the globe and the ‘tales of unimaginable sacrifices’ of

frontline healthcare professionals (Rosenberg et al., 2020). Remarkable attention has

been given to healthcare professionals during the pandemic, frequently

characterizing healthcare workers on social media, as #heroes, #FrontLineHeroes,

#frontlineworkers, #HelpThemHelpUs, #NHSworkers, #ClapForCarers,

#HealthcareHeros and many more. One of the emerging methodologies to explore

public perceptions, is through social media content analysis (Chou et al., 2014;

Scanfeld et al., 2010; So et al., 2016). As literature related to public perceptions of

interprofessional teams is limited, social media content analysis is a potential tool to

inform the study of public perceptions of interprofessional teams, and to investigate

the potential roles of social media platforms in a global pandemic.

At this time, when no other ways available to cure or manage corona virus other than

quarantine and social distancing. Social media has become a strong platform for

spreading public health awareness and advocacy regarding public health issues.

Some nations do have Twitter and Facebook accounts for these purposes. The

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Department develops a tool to combat

CoronaVirus to link critical health services with the citizens of India called “Aarogya

Setu” application. The Center of Disease Control (CDC) maintains an active page on

Twitter and Facebook as these platforms allows users to post large numbers of short

messages in less period (known as Microblogs) also these organizations use to

monitor “tweets'' that may signify any outbreak and share information on events of

this nature.[24] Social networking sites also serve as a way for disaster management,

outbreak prevention, and emergency response staff to easily communicate and

access critical information collected by organizations like the WHO and the Center for

Disease Control. A study showed that during the Ebola (2014) and Zika (2015)

outbreak, social networks helped the CDC to establish active communications with

the community and then applied it to improve in public health. Another evidence

indicates that in 2016, when the WHO declared Zika virus as a danger to the world,

social media monitoring and prevention awareness messages played as a lifesaving

role in enhancing risk control and disease management.

According to (Ahmad AR, Murad HR,2020) In the first few months of 2020,

information and news reports about the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were rapidly

published and shared on social media and social networking sites. While the field of

infodemiology has studied information patterns on the Web and in social media for at

least 18 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has been referred to as the first social media

infodemic. However, there is limited evidence about whether and how the social
media infodemic has spread panic and affected the mental health of social media

users. The aim of this study is to determine how social media affects self-reported

mental health and the spread of panic about COVID-19 in the Kurdistan Region of

Iraq. To carry out this study, an online questionnaire was prepared and conducted in

Iraqi Kurdistan, and a total of 516 social media users were sampled. This study

deployed a content analysis method for data analysis. Correspondingly, data were

analyzed using SPSS software. Participants reported that social media has a

significant impact on spreading fear and panic related to the COVID-19 outbreak in

Iraqi Kurdistan, with a potential negative influence on people’s mental health and

psychological well-being. Facebook was the most used social media network for

spreading panic about the COVID-19 outbreak in Iraq. We found a significant positive

statistical correlation between self-reported social media use and the spread of panic

related to COVID-19 (R=.8701). Our results showed that the majority of youths aged

18-35 years are facing psychological anxiety. During lockdown, people are using

social media platforms to gain information about COVID-19. The nature of the impact

of social media panic among people varies depending on an individual's gender, age,

and level of education. Social media has played a key role in spreading anxiety about

the COVID-19 outbreak in Iraqi Kurdistan.

To describe the impact of a strategy for international collaboration and rapid

information dissemination on Twitter among the pediatric critical care community

during a global pandemic. Promotion of the joint usage of #PedsICU and #COVID19

throughout the international pediatric critical care community in tweets relevant to the

coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and pediatric critical care. We collected data on

all tweets containing the hashtag #PedsICU in addition to those containing both

#PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019 hashtags. Tweets including #PedsICU

were shared 49,865 times on six continents between February 1, 2020, and May 1,

2020; between February 1 and March 13, only 8% of #PedsICU tweets included a

coronavirus disease 2019 hashtag. After a sharp rise during the week of March 14,

2020, coronavirus disease 2019 content has dominated the #PedsICU conversation

on Twitter, comprising 69% of both #PedsICU tweets and impressions (p < 0.001).

The most commonly used coronavirus disease 2019 hashtag over the study period

was #COVID19 (69%). Proportionately, a greater percentage of #PedsICU tweets

including the coronavirus disease 2019 hashtag (vs not) had images or videos (45%

vs 41%; p < 0.001). In addition, non–physician healthcare providers were the largest

group of users (46%) of the combination of #PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019

hashtags. The most popular tweets shared on Twitter were open-access resources,

including links for updated literature, narrative reviews, and educational videos

relevant to coronavirus disease 2019 clinical care. Concurrent hashtags and words in

tweets containing #PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019 hashtags spanned

several different disciplines and topics in pediatric critical care. Twitter has been used

widely for real-time information sharing and collaboration among the international

pediatric critical care community during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Targeted use of #PedsICU and #COVID19 for engagement on Twitter is a conduit to

combat misinformation and optimize reach to pediatric critical care stakeholders

across the globe when rapid dissemination is needed. Never has there been a more

important need for rapid information dissemination in the 21st century than during the

coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. At the time of this writing in early

May 2020, COVID-19 infections have surpassed 3.8 million people globally, with over

260,000 deaths. Since its origin as an epidemic in China in December 2019,

information guiding critical care practice has been growing and changing each day,
with anecdotal and case series data providing the foundation of therapeutic guidance

for clinicians fighting the disease worldwide. In response, journals have made rapid

peer review and publication of COVID-19 literature a high priority. However, for

clinicians trying to establish best clinical practice, keeping up with that literature and

the wealth of information from critical care colleagues across the globe, while

balancing high acuity and clinical responsibilities, can be overwhelming. In any

emergency mass critical care event, as in COVID-19, a comprehensive approach to

education is needed to ensure preparedness. The international pediatric critical care

community is dealing with multiple unique challenges during the COVID-19

pandemic. Although emerging evidence has shown that children are at risk for critical

illness from COVID-19 infection, severe disease has primarily affected adults.

Because of disproportionately increased resource needs in adult ICUs, many staff

from PICUs have been deployed to care for adult COVID-19 patients. In fact, several

PICUs have already transitioned to being ICUs for adults to meet the needs of adult

COVID-19 ICU care. Yet, recent models of pediatric COVID-19 disease in the United

States, for example, project that thousands of children may require hospitalization

and potentially critical care management as disease burden peaks across the nation

(8). Most recently, reports of a hyperinflammatory syndrome with multiple organ

failure in previously asymptomatic children with severe acute respiratory syndrome

coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are emerging in the United Kingdom and across the

world. Thus, the global PICU community is in need of not only real-time networking

and information dissemination regarding COVID-19 disease manifestations in

children, but also education and collaboration in the process of caring for adult ICU

patients. Social media is a real-time and instant communication platform that is used

in healthcare for information dissemination and acquisition, professional networking,

and patient advocacy. Through the use of hashtags, the equivalent of a keyword,

social media enables the curation of content relevant to a specific area or focus. In

2016, the hashtag #PedsICU was established to cohort pediatric critical care content

on the popular social media platform Twitter. Over the last 3 years, global

engagement with #PedsICU has burgeoned across disciplines and PICU training

programs, with over 5,000 tweets containing #PedsICU shared during the 2020

Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) Annual Congress alone, social media

could act as a major conduit within the pediatric critical care community for sharing

pandemic-related information and experiences in real time. The objective of this

report is to describe the use and impact of a targeted strategy for international

collaboration and rapid information dissemination on Twitter among members of the

pediatric critical care community during a global pandemic. The World Health

Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. On

March 15, 2020, the authors began promoting the use of #PedsICU in combination

with #COVID19 on Twitter for all tweets relevant to both pediatric critical care and

COVID-19. We also created a web link to relevant tweets to provide streamlined

universal access for anyone with or without a Twitter account. The social media

strategy and web link were disseminated via Twitter and through communication with

leaders in the pediatric critical care field, including the International PICU COVID-19

Collaboration.

Among different user groups, social media has become increasingly popular. Some

social media sites (such as Wikipedia), although used for social purposes, have

emerged as important sources of information. A survey was conducted with a focus

on undergraduate students to investigate the following, which social media sites are

used as sources of information, what are the key reasons for the use to seek
information and what kinds of actions are taken to Assess the performance of the

information collected from such sources. In terms of the use of social media as

information sources, the report offers an overview of current trends. It also sheds

light on the behavior taken by undergraduate students to analyze social media

content, including social networking and video sharing sites that were rarely

previously studied. Suggestions for information literacy initiatives and the

responsibilities of librarians and educators are made based on the results. Kim,

Kyung-Sun & Sin, Sei-Ching Joanna & Yoo-Lee, Eun-Young. (2014).

Social Distancing was an uncommon occurrence during the COVID-19 pandemic to

protect the populace. Social gatherings, meetings, classes, etc. were prohibited and

the usage of virtual networks increased. During this time, social networking platforms

witnessed unparalleled levels of traffic. These platforms facilitate seamless

connectivity between people who are geographically dispersed and help them

overcome the sense of loneliness. In addition, some demagogues took advantage of

the opportunity and began to spread disinformation, misinformation and false news.

The propagation of misinformation by newsmongers has not been limited to issues

related to COVID-19, but it also seems to be an orchestrated effort to establish gaps

between individuals, cultures, governments, and nations.In addition, some

demagogues took advantage of the opportunity and began to spread disinformation,

misinformation and false news. The propagation of misinformation by newsmongers

has not been limited to issues related to COVID-19, but it also seems to be an

orchestrated effort to establish gaps between individuals, cultures, governments, and

nations. However, in India, the danger of disinformation, false news, misinformation,

and superstitions spreading around COVID-19 is similar around the globe, and the

ensuing hysteria is likely to cause significant social problems in the coming years. In
the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper highlights the position of social media and how

social media sites are used to exchange information, spread rumors and false news

that create fear among people. We urge and hope in the concluding remarks that we

will be able to battle the pandemic along with this infodemic in the coming time.

Yagnik, Jignasu & Chandra, Yamini. (2020).

There are group features in the LINE mobile application that can connect us to

various other groups. With the recurring propagation of fake news in recent times, it

offers opportunities for students of higher education to obtain and disseminate fake

news through the LINE community. The aim of this research: first to demonstrate the

behaviors of college students and the goal of knowledge to obtain fake news from

users. Second, to calculate the number of classes of college students with

experience of spreading fake news. Third, to examine whether students with many

groups in higher education may produce or change fake news. For this study, there

are 15 questions using a Liker scale and 5 multiple choice questions that are shown

to students of higher education and addressed using statistical descriptive

explanatory analysis. The outcome of this study is that students of higher education

have several classes and this does not impact the amount of false news since

students of higher education need to do advanced news analysis to see if the news

has a credible source. The number of groups in the mobile LINE application does not

influence the dissemination of fake news. Chandra, Yakob & Surjandy, Surjandy &

Ernawaty, (2017).
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to identify the effect of the profile of the respondents and the

perceived challenges that they are encountering on the use of social media in the

dissemination of information for academic purposes in the midst of the pandemic that

we are experiencing:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of?

1.1. Sex

1.2. Strand

1.3. Monthly Family Income

1.4. Social Media Platform Mostly Used

1.5. Frequency of Use of the Social Media Platforms

2. What are the challenges you most likely to meet on the use of social media in

the dissemination information for academic purpose?

3. Is their significant difference between the profile of the respondents and the

challenges you most likely meet on the use of social media in the

dissemination information for academic purpose?

Senior High School students in Cainta Catholic College use social media a lot

and this involves a lot of time that would have been used for more academic

tasks. Social network service enables users to access information, connect,

contribute, share, exchange data and create content more efficiently. But

there are challenges of social media in the dissemination of information, like

Access to the Internet, Security of Information Shared, Connectivity Issue of

 the device used, Technical-Know-How in Sharing Information, Environmental

Problems and many more.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE-
PROFILE
1.1 Male and Female
1.2 HUMSS, STEM, ABM, and
DEPENDENT VARIABLE-
ICT
Perceived challenges on the
1.3 Twitter, Facebook,
use of social media in the
Instagram, and many more.
dissemination of information
1.4 Mobile phone and other
for academic purposes.
technological devices.
1.5 Using of internet
connection from service
providers.

The figure above aims to know the perception of the different students from different

strands on how they absorb all the information from social media applications. Most

of the students right now are into social media. All social media applications and

websites have their own uses. Every contents in social media platforms can use for

something important. Internet connection provides connection to their mobile phone

and other devices, connection is important, therefore they can access in their

different social media accounts. In social media, they can access many information

and articles, they can have their own opinions, understanding, and views. Through

their opinions, understanding, and views, it is up to them on how they absorb that

things. Thinking that they can use that information for their academic or everyday

life.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings which this study will reveal, may benefit certain groups and the benefits

they may able to gain as follows:

Teachers – they study will consider an offer of assistance to the teachers of

the school to know the impact of social media on their students, so as to help them

edify and create awareness to the students on the conceivable impact it has on them.

Students – the research would encourage students to be conscious in using

social media. It will help in assisting students in understanding the diversity of social

media.

Parents – the outcome of the study will take part in informing the parents to

monitor the time usage that their children have in using social media.

Future researchers – this study will be a guide to the future researchers in

testing and evaluating their findings for the validity of the related literature.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

A theory is not just an explanation it gives and provides understanding. Some

theories helped the researchers to support their study and their existing ideas. This

study anchors in the Social Information Processing Theory by Joseph Walter.

Social Information Processing Theory refers to the individuals who cannot engage in

personal and communicating without using verbal action. He developed this theory

because of early scholarly claims that some people are leaning in an online
environment because they lack verbal cues. His theory identifies the sender,

receiver, message, and feedback he does this theory because some people wanted

to achieve something that they cannot achieve in face-to-face interaction. This theory

identifies that people want to rely more on computer-mediated communication.

Nowadays, people are relying too much on the internet and on all the social

information and whatever they see can affect their personal decisions and ideas.

Social media can literally affect our overall life in just one click. Since we are in 21st

century, some teenagers spend too much time on social media. Social media takes

our time from doing something important like studying and doing some house chores.

Social media divides us and how much we depend on them. Everyone uses social

media and wherever we go and what we are doing, we always check our social

media. Social media literally affects us too much because we are concentrating and

filtering ourselves too much. Social media makes users dependable on their account

or web pages.

HYPOTHESIS

This study in titled “Senior high school students’ perception on the Challenges

in Using Social Media in information Dissemination in the midst Pandemic” has one

outcome among the following hypotheses:

1. There is no Senior high school students’ perception on the Challenges in

Using Social Media in information Dissemination in the midst Pandemic.

2. There is a Senior high school students’ perception on the Challenges in

Using Social Media in information Dissemination in the midst Pandemic.

 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study focuses in grade 11 and grade 12 student’s perception on the challenges

in using social media in information dissemination in the Midst Pandemic. The data

collection will be conducted to few percentage of the total number of grade 11 and

grade 12 students of Cainta Catholic College, school year 2020-2021 will represent

the total numbers of students. Other problems that was not been mentioned will not

be covered on our study. The students that do not considered as a part of grade 11

and grade 12 students or not a student on Cainta Catholic College are not included

to the scope of this research. The study will be conducted only on Cainta Catholic

College. This study would be done through the utilisation of questionnaires to the

students as a survey and reference. By this strategy it will be able to know the senior

high school students’ perception on the Challenges in using social media in

information dissemination in the midst of a pandemic.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The year 2020 is fraught with unparalleled obstacles in the emerging global and

national socio-political, economic and educational environment. The global education

system is in the process of evolving and adapting to new and demanding

circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic, testing the traditional learning

process of human interaction in the classroom and capitalizing on virtual and online

education. This paper seeks to explain how during the COVID-19 pandemic, the

Philippines' higher education system faced and reacted to the challenge of offering

alternative education and learning facilities. This case study is split into three

components. The first part offers an overview of the policies and guidelines adopted

by the Higher Education Commission of the country. In implementing these

guidelines, the second section asks and focuses on the answers, problems, and best

practices employed by universities. The last part offers general guidelines and

argues that an Education Continuity Plan should be established by Philippine Higher

Education institutions that specifies the protocols and instructions that should be

followed in the face of a pandemic. (Ginbert et al, 2020)

As nursing schools accept e-learning during and beyond the crisis of COVID-19,

academic nursing schools In order to achieve successful change and transformation,

institutions must first determine the attitude or understanding of students. Towards e-

learning. There is little detail, however, about the psychometric characteristics that
assess attitudes. For e-learning in the Philippines among nursing students. The

purpose of the analysis is to determine the validity and the reliability of attitudes

toward Filipino nursing students on the e-learning scale. This descriptive cross-

sectional research included 111 Filipino nursing students who were chosen by

purposeful sampling at selected public and private universities. By exploratory factor

analysis using varimax rotation and internal consistency reliability using Cronbach's

á and -item-total correlation, the attitude towards the e-learning scale was assessed

for construct validity. On one variable with factor loadings ranging from -0.907 to

0.893, the nine-them attitude to e-learning scale was loaded, explaining 61.92

percent of the total variance. (Jeans et al, 2020)

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020 forced medical

schools in the Philippines to abandon face-to-face learning practices and turn to an

online program abruptly. This study aimed to recognize, from the perspective of

medical students in a developing world, obstacles to online learning. From May 11 to

24, 2020, the authors sent out an electronic survey to medical students in the

Philippines. The following data were collected using a combination of multiple

choice, Likert scale and open-ended questions: demographics, information on

medical schools, access to technical services, research patterns, living conditions,

self-assessment of online learning ability and perceived obstacles, and potential

interventions. As they struggled to adapt to online learning, medical students in the

Philippines encountered many interrelated obstacles. Medical schools and educators

play an important role in solving these problems during and after the COVID-19

pandemic by incorporating student-centered approaches. (Ronnie et al, 2020)

Social media is really significant nowadays because of social media many things

change. People easily change their point of views and opinions because of how they

response on what they see and hear in their social media accounts. Social media

contributes big impact to the users because of the fast evolution in the internet world.

In this platform there are three recent research streams in this study: 1) companies’

use of social media; 2) information produced by non-corporate users and its impact

on capital market; and 3) the credibility of corporate information on social media

platforms (Lijun et al., 2019).

Every year the numbers of people who are using social media are increasing. Even

though we know some of the advantages and disadvantages, there are still some

things that are still not explored in this thing. In this study they discuss the main

reasons why people are still joining in this platforms: connecting to their loved ones,

to gain friends, engaging to different people, making a name, and probably sharing

information. They found out some challenges why people are still using social media

since they want attention, lack of friends and communication in real world,

acceptance in their works, and getting an information (Panahi et al., 2014).

Social media has its own concept and identity. People use different social media

applications and websites like Wikipedia, Youtube, Facebook, Twitter, and Second

Life. Since everyone is into social media, they think that they know everything in

social media but there is something more. Social media is broad that is why they put

applications and websites to generalized their uses. The applications and websites

has its own use, they can write and share their blogs, social networking sites, virtual
games, and virtual social worlds. People can access easily in these applications and

websites, anytime and anywhere (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2010).

Clearly, this path was seen by development staff as an inexpensive and successful

way to instill awareness into the stream of public knowledge. The civil society

organizations we trained knew that when it supplements the conventional style of

campaigning to promote collective action against human rights violations, social

media is the most successful. As cell phones reach even the most remote people,

and internet penetration expands its reach in the Philippines, along with social media

use these resources in their advocacy efforts will potentially become more useful to

civil society, citizens, and officials. As skills in these instruments are gained, close

attention needs to be paid to how much impact the country faces on the daunting

challenges of growth. (Emil Tapnio, Steven Rood, 2011)

Even before the pandemic, the importance of information communication

technologies (ICTs) such as personal and networked computers, cell phones, the

internet and emails, including social media sites, has long been recognized by

Filipinos (i.e. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Linked, etc.). These are used to advance

their work, activities, activism, and also to foster inter-personal relationships with

acquaintances, family members, colleagues, and even strangers living in the country

and abroad as effective communication tools.

Social media networks no longer merely promote social interaction, but are also

used as communication instruments by which Filipinos participate in government

relations with the state, state apparatus, and power-holders. They are also the key

means of engaging directly in discussions and debates on local and national topics
impacting their very lives and more critically, shaping the local, national and even

foreign agenda. (Anna Malindog-Uy, 2020)

For the widespread distribution of information and recommendations essential to

coping with the pandemic, digital technology has been extremely crucial. The greater

portion of the earth's population has diverted to the use of digital technologies for

various purposes due to the complete society lockdown worldwide.

The use of emerging technologies such as YouTube, Facebook, and Tik Tok

became the gateways for them to socialize in the virtual world in order to

momentarily distract the attention of people from the psychological stresses due to

the negative news brought by the pandemic. (Karen Talidong, 2020)

The 1918 influenza pandemic affected one-third of the world’s population and

resulted in 50 million deaths. One hundred years ago, medical therapies and

countermeasures were significantly limited, and information exchange that could

facilitate any public health intervention primarily occurred by telephone, mail, or

person-to-person interaction.

Now, more than a century later, a novel coronavirus is the cause of a new global

pandemic threatening millions of lives.1 Today, many methods of sharing information

have been subsumed by giant social media platforms that have incredible speed,

reach, and penetration. More than 2.9 billion individuals use social media regularly,

and many for long stretches of time.2

Current understanding of how these platforms can be harnessed to optimally support

emergency response, resilience, and preparedness is not well understood. In this

Viewpoint, we outline a framework for integrating social media as a critical tool in

managing the current evolving pandemic as well as transforming aspects of

preparedness and response for the future.

With the development of social media tools and the pervasiveness of smart

terminals, social media has become a significant source of information for many

individuals. However, false information can spread rapidly, which may result in

negative social impacts and serious economic losses. Thus, reducing the

unfavorable effects of false information has become an urgent challenge. In this

paper, a new competitive model called DMCU is proposed to describe the

dissemination of information with constant updates in social media. In the model, we

focus on the competitive relationship between the original false information and

updated information, and then propose the priority of related information. To more

effectively evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, data sets containing

actual social media activity are utilized in experiments. Simulation results

demonstrate that the DMCU model can precisely describe the process of information

dissemination with constant updates, and that it can be used to forecast information

dissemination trends on social media.

Government agencies are increasingly using social media to connect with those they

serve. These connections have the potential to extend government services, solicit

new ideas, and improve decision-making and problem-solving. However, interacting

via social media introduces new challenges related to privacy, security, data

management, accessibility, social inclusion, governance, and other information

policy issues. The rapid adoption of social media by the population and government

agencies has outpaced the regulatory framework related to information, although the
guiding principles behind many regulations are still relevant. This paper examines

the existing regulatory framework and the ways in which it applies to social media

use by the U.S. federal government, highlighting opportunities and challenges

agencies face in implementing them, as well as possible approaches for addressing

these challenges.

The sudden emergence and rapid global spread of a novel H1N1 influenza virus in

early 2009 [1] has caused confusion about the meaning of the word “pandemic” and

how to recognize pandemics when they occur. Any assumption that the term

pandemic had an agreed-upon meaning was quickly undermined by debates and

discussions about the term in the popular media and in scientific publications [2–5].

Uses of the term by official health agencies, scientists, and the media often seemed

to be at odds. For example, some argued that a level of explosive transmissibility

was sufficient to declare a pandemic, whereas others maintained that severity of

infection should also be considered.

To date, social media platforms have been important for disseminating information

during the outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). The Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization (WHO), numerous journals,

and other health care organizations are regularly posting guidance across a host of

platforms. Teams employed by larger social media platforms have also been

involved in the response as searches for information about coronavirus are

escalating and, at times, dominating conversations online.3,4 Facebook is using the

news feed function to direct users to the WHO website and websites of local health

authorities.3 Google Scholar has highlighted leading medical journals and other
sites. Twitter and other social media sites are similarly pointing individuals who

search (accounting for misspellings) for coronavirus-related content to reliable

resources.4 Health care organizations, clinicians, and social media influencers

should also actively direct online traffic to trusted sources. It may also be time for

social media platforms to take on an active public health role and in parallel use

banners, pop-ups, and other tools to directly message users about hand washing

and social distancing. This approach increases the likelihood of millions of people

seeing the same messages whenever they access the platform, even if they forgo

accessing the WHO website or other trusted sites.

Social media should be used to disseminate reliable information about when to get

tested, what to do with the results, and where to receive care. If a vaccine becomes

available, the same platforms could be used to encourage uptake and address

challenges associated with vaccine hesitancy. These targeted efforts can occur in

response to what people search for or in a more personalized approach based on an

individual’s online profile, posts, and underlying risk. Health systems may become

overwhelmed as testing becomes more available and as more mildly ill yet

concerned individuals seek care; yet, social media platforms are well poised to

enable users to remotely assess symptoms and determine their most appropriate

course of action.6 The Facebook Preventive Health tool provides individuals with

vetted guidelines about preventive health recommendations (eg, heart disease,

cancer screening) and then directs users to geotargeted locations (eg, federally

qualified health centers, retail clinics) where these services are available. Users also

have the option to share the tool and their scheduled testing with their network.7 This

could be modified to direct individuals (when relevant) to resources for COVID-19

testing. For those whose test results are positive for COVID-19, the platform could

enable users to inform their contacts about the potential exposure and how to follow

up for testing.

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter will discuss the Methods and Techniques of the Research

Design, Population and Sample, Instrument of the Study, Data Gathering Procedure,

and Data Processing and Statistical Frameworks. The researchers will explain the

concept and the step-by-step procedure on how the study will be conducted.

Method and Technique used

This study aims to demonstrate the correlation between two variables, the

independent variable which is the profile of the students involve and the dependent

variable which is the perceived challenges on the use of social media in the

dissemination of information for academic purposes. The researchers aim to know

and explain the relationship between the two given variables. In this case, the

research design that will be use is Descriptive specifically the Correlational Research

design, as we are going to formulate a predictions and assumptions to the relation of

one variable to another. According to Chiang et. Al (I-Chant A. Chiang, Rajiv S.

Jhangiani, and Paul C. Price https://opentextbc.ca/researchmethods/ Correlational

Research is a type of non-experimental research wherein researchers seek to find

the relationships between variables. The researchers will further explain the
relationship of the two existing variables which is the given classification of the profile

of the students and the identified dependent variable which is the perceived

challenges on the use of social media in the dissemination of information for

academic purposes during this pandemic, this will be use to find the result as the

researchers convey the main objectives and purpose of the study. The researchers

will modify a standardized questionnaire that will be validated with a professional or

their teacher in research. The questionnaire will be use as the instrument in Data

Collection and will sooner examine and synthesize all the data that the researchers

will gather.

Respondents of the Study

The target population of these research study will cover the students of Senior

High School Department of Cainta Catholic College under the strands of HUMSS,

STEM, ABM, and ICT. Since we cannot reach the total population of Senior High

School Department, the researchers decided to choose the Grade 11 and Grade 12

HUMSS, STEM, ABM, and ICT strand only.

Instrument of the Study

The instrument of the study that the researcher will use is a modified

standardized questionnaire checklist that is from a reliable source online or from

another research paper that has the most common significance on the research. The

questionnaire will be going to use to gather the data from the participants which is

the Grade 11 and Grade 12 students from HUMSS, STEM, ABM, and ICT strand of

the Senior High School Department of Cainta Catholic College. In the draft from the

researcher’s survey questionnaire, it will be based on the perception of students on

the different challenges that they are encountering in dissemination of information in

social media. The researchers will distribute the questionnaire via Google Forms for

the students that evaluate the different challenges that they are experiencing in the

use of social media in the dissemination of information for academic purposes most

especially now that we are in the midst of pandemic. The research questionnaire

checklist will come from the other study that has similarities and have the closest

questions to the research study. The personal perception of the students will be

used. This is to determine that the profile of the respondents can affect challenges

on the use of social media in the dissemination of information for academic purposes

in the midst of the pandemic that the students are experiencing.

 The use of instrument will be determined by questionnaire to measure and

evaluate the students’ perception. The text of the questionnaire will be composed of

the students’ perception towards the different challenges that they have encounter in

using social media in the dissemination of information for academic purposes, the

questionnaire will also be composed of the respondents’ gender, strand, section, the

device that they are using and the social media accounts that they are actively using.

The checklist questionnaire instrument will be prepared by the researchers of the

study, this can also be helpful to the future researchers’ study to formulate a topic.
Data Gathering Procedure

Our section, Our Lady of Mount Carmel has been divided into four (4) groups

for the subject Practical Research 2 wherein each group should be consisting of at

least 5-6 members with the same interest or course that will be entering in college in

order for the researchers have their research paper in an easiest way as they convey

the same thoughts, ideas, and perception.

First, the researchers have been instructed to choose and narrow a topic that

they have interest and want to know and they have started to search for literatures,

backgrounds, claims, and evidences that is related with their chosen topic and will

prove that the said study was existing. Second, the researchers instructed to find for

its Research Gap and Aims for them to be easily figure out their chosen topic and

formulate a Research Question and their objectives. Third, researchers presented

their Introduction, Background of the Study, Statement of the Problem, Hypothesis of

the Study, Significance of the Study, Conceptual Framework, and their Definition of

Terms to their Research Teacher to check for its contents. The researchers have

been given a couple of weeks to revise the Chapter I of their Research paper to

make it valid and reliable. Fourth, after finalizing the Chapter I

The researchers started doing their Chapter II which is the Review of Related

Literature (RRL), their research teacher gives them some advice and tips on how
can make their literature good and concise. The researchers were given a time to

find and search for their Chapter II. And since we are in the middle of pandemic the

researchers only allowed to use the internet or the available materials around them

that they can be use in the research. The researchers use Google Scholar and other

valid and reliable sources in the internet.

Fifth, after doing the Chapter II, the researchers started doing the Chapter III

and try to observe their participants to identify some perceptions and implications

while doing the research paper. While doing this, some researchers are experiencing

difficulties since they are not able to meet and do it individually. As of now, the

research process has been good and the research can meet all the requirements

their research teacher needed. And as the research continues the researchers still

gather other information and studies that can help to support their chosen topic and

their paper as a whole.

In gathering the data, the research will conduct the following procedures:

1. The researchers will secure permission to the Principal of the Senior High

School Department of Cainta Catholic College in the purpose that the

conducting of the study is legal.

2. With the approval, the researchers will distribute the instrument where the

respondents will choose the appropriate information provided in the survey

without leaving any item unanswered. The answers or responses provided

by the respondents will be treated confidentially.

3. Questionnaires will be given to the respondents during their free time or

after class so as not to hamper their tasks in order for them to answer their

responses. The survey will only take 3-5 minutes of their time in answering

the questionnaire.
 4. After recovering the data, it will be encoded and will be entered into a

matrix sheet to come up with a digitally generated result.

5. Analysis and interpretation of the gathered data will be done by the

researchers using appropriate statistical tools.

Data Processing and Statistical Frameworks

This study will be needing a specific period of time to collect and gather the

digital survey questionnaire sheet, the instrument that the researchers will be used to

gather and know the information needed in the study. After analysing the answered

questionnaire copies, the researcher will further record and tally the answer of every

individual respondents as the official result of it. And since the survey questionnaire

will be held in Google Forms it will be easy for the researchers to tally the results.

After that the data will be transferred to a table for statistical treatment and

interpretation. The researchers will use four-point Likert scale and other option for

the personal information of the respondents to specify the data gathered and to find

statistical significances between the variables.

The data will be analyse and interpret with the use of different statistical tools:

For Research Question no. 1, it is the profile of the respondents that is consist of

their sex, strand, their monthly family income, the social media platforms that they

are actively use and the frequency of their use of the social media. The data will be

derived and determined using different options based on their personal data.

For Research Question No. 2, researchers will use the formula for weighted mean

to calculate and evaluate the students’ challenges that they have most likely to

encounter on the use of social media dissemination. Using the calculation of the
weighted mean, researchers will weigh the number of the tallied scores of the

respondents that will be correlated on the four-point Likert scale.

For Research Question No. 3, for the researchers to determine if there is a

significant relationship between profile of the respondents and the challenges that

they are most likely to meet on the use of social media in the dissemination of

information for their academic purposes. The result of the tallied score of the four-

point Likert scale will be utilized.

 CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter contains the same content with our STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.

This is organize and present in textual, tabular, and graphical. In every table, there

are explanations under to understand the counts and interpretation of the

Respondents’ Profile.

Table 1
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Profile of the Respondents in
terms of Sex

RANK SEX F P
2 MALE 102 46%
1 FEMALE 118 54%
Total 220 100
Legend: F – Frequency P – Percentage

Table 2
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Profile of the Respondents in
terms of STRAND
STRAND F P Rank
HUMSS 75 34% 1
ABM 48 22% 3
GAS 12 6% 5
STEM 66 30% 2
TECHVOC 19 8% 4
Total 220 100
Legend: F-Frequency P-Percentage
Table 3
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Profile of the Respondents in
Terms of Monthly Family Income
Monthly Income F P RANK
below Php 10, 000 41 18% 4
Php 10, 999-Php 25, 999 90 41% 1
Php 26,000-Php 35,999 42 19% 3
Php 36,000 above 47 22% 2
Total 220 100
Legend: F – Frequency P – Percentage

Table 4
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Profile of the Respondents in
terms of Social Media Platform Used
Social Media Platform Used F P Rank
Facebook 102 47% 1
Messenger 42 18% 2
Instagram 23 11% 4
Twitter 36 16% 3
Gmail 4 2% 6
My space 0 0% 7
Reddit 0 0% 8
Youtube 12 6% 5
Others 1 0% 9
Total 220 100
Legend: F-Frequency P-Percentage

Table 5
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Profile of the Respondents in
terms of Frequency of Use of the Social Media

Frequency of use F P RANK

Once daily 15 7% 2
Daily 196 89% 1
 Once to Three times a week 9 4% 3
Total 220 100
Legend: F – Frequency P – Percentage

Table 6
Obtained Weighted Mean of the Respondents’ Senior High School Students’
Perception on the Challenges in the Rules and Regulations in using Social
Media in Information Dissemination in the Midst of Pandemic
Challenges mostly likely meet on the use Mean SD Verbal Rank
of social media in the dissemination Interpretation
information for academic purpose:
1. Access to the internet 3.18 0.06 A 4
2. Sharing information (activities to be 3.04 0.05 A 9
submitted) on some sites because of too
complicated commands
3. Slow connectivity of my device 3.03 0.06 A 10
4. My knowledge to share information 3.10 0.05 A 7
(activities to be submitted) on some sites
5. Different versions of the information I 3.14 0.05 A 5.5
need to access
6. Power Supply 2.77 0.07 A 15
7. Time constraint 2.99 0.06 A 11
8. Access to services such as blogs, 3.26 0.05 SA 3
microblogs, social sharing devices, text
messaging, discussion forums, and social
networking services
9. Different version of software that I use 3.05 0.05 A 8
10. Need to pay first before accessing the 2.79 0.07 A 13.5
information
11. Need to log in first before accessing 3.33 0.05 SA 1
the information in some sites
12. Lack of Information online 2.96 0.06 A 12
13. Accuracy of Information online 3.14 0.05 A 5.5
14. Illegal websites 2.79 0.06 A 13.5
15. Reliability and validity of Information 3.31 0.04 SA 2
Overall Weighted Mean 3.06 A
Legend: 1.00 to 1.74 – Strongly Disagree (SD); 1.75 to 2.49 –Disagree (D); 2.50
to 3.24 –Agree (A); and 3.25 to 4.00 – Strongly Agree (SA)
Table 6 shows the Verbal interpretation of Senior High School Students Perception

on the Challenges in the Rules and Regulations in using Social Media in

Information Dissemination in the Midst of Pandemic with the overall

weighted mean that shows “Agree” (A). The highest rank, statement

number 11, with a mean of 3.33 and a verbal interpretation of “Strongly

Agree” (SA). Indicates that the students need to log in first before

accessing the information in some sites.

The second rank, in statement number 15, got a mean of 3.31 and an

interpretation of “Strongly Agree” (SA). Third in the rank, statement number

8, with a mean of 3.26 that also got “Strongly Agree” (SA) it reveals that the

majority of our respondents they most like to meet on the use of social

media in the dissemination information for academic purpose are the

reliability and validity of information and access to services.

The Fourth rank, statement number 1, with a mean of 3.18 and an

interpretation of “Agree” (A). Fifth in the rank, statement number 5, with a

mean of 3.14. Sixth in the rank, statement number 12, with a mean of 3.14

and got an interpretation of ‘Agree” (A). shows that most of Senior High

School Students need the access to the internet, Different versions of the

information I need to access and lastly, Accuracy of Information online.

The seventh in the rank, statement number 4, with a mean of 3.14 and

an interpretation of “Agree” (A). Eighth in the rank, statement number 9,

with a mean of 3.05 and an interpretation of “Agree” (A). Ninth in the rank,

statement number 2, with a mean of 3.04 and an interpretation of “Agree”

(A). Tenth in the rank, statement number 3, with a mean of 3.03 and an

interpretation of “Agree” (A). This reveals that half of the respondents agree

to the statement they most likely to meet on the use of social media in the

dissemination information for academic purposes.

The eleventh in the rank, statement number 7, with a mean of 2.99 and

an interpretation of “Agree” (A). Twelfth in the rank, statement number 12,

with a mean of 2.96 and an interpretation of “Agree” (A). Thirteenth in the

rank, statement number 10 with a mean of 2.79 and an interpretation of

“Agree” (A). Fourteenth in the rank, statement number 14, with a mean of

2.79 and an interpretation of “Agree” (A). And last in the rank, statement

number 6, with a mean of 2.77 and an interpretation of “Agree” (A) that

shows: Time constraint, lack of Information online, need to pay first before

accessing the information, illegal websites, and power supply the less that

they meet on the use of social media in the dissemination information for

academic purpose.
Table 7
Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of
Grade Level and their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of
Information for Academic Purposes
Source of SS df MS F P- F crit Ho I
Variation value
Between 0.02 1 0.02 0.42 0.52 4.2 A NS
Groups
Within Groups 1.26 28 0.04

1.27 29

Total

Legend: If the Pvalue is < or = to 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Reject

(R), Significant (S);
if the Pvalue is > 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Accept (A),
Therefore, Not Significant (NS)

Table 7 reveals that the computed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the

significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of
Grade Level and their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of
Information for Academic Purposes, wherein P-Value (0.52) is higher than the
Alpha level/probability level (0.05). Therefore, the hypothesis will be accepted
(A) and is therefore interpreted as Not Significant (NS).

Table 8
Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of Sex
and their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of Information for
Academic Purposes
Source of SS df MS F P- F crit Ho I
Variation value
Between 0.07 1 0.07 1.99 0.17 4.2 A NS
 Groups
Within Groups 1 28 0.04

1.07 29

Total

Legend: If the Pvalue is < or = to 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Reject

(R), Significant (S);
if the Pvalue is > 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Accept (A),
Therefore, Not Significant (NS)

Table 8 presents the computed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the Significant

Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of Sex and their
Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of Information for Academic
Purposes, wherein the P-Value (0.17) is higher than the Alpha level/Probability level.
For that reason, the hypothesis will be accepted (A) and is therefore interpreted as
Not Significant (SA).

Table 9
Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of
Strand and their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of
Information for Academic Purposes
Source of SS df MS F P- F crit Ho I
Variation value
Between 0.11 4 0.03 0.50 0.73 2.50 A NS
Groups
Within Groups 3.76 70 0.05

3.87 74

Total

Legend: If the Pvalue is < or = to 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Reject

(R), Significant (S);
if the Pvalue is > 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Accept (A),
Therefore, Not Significant (NS)

Table 9 displays the computed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the

Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of Strand and
their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of Information for Academic
Purposes, wherein the P-Value is (0.73) higher that the Alpha level/Probability level.
For that reason, the hypothesis will be accepted (A) and is interpreted as Not
Significant (SA).

Table 10

Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of

Monthly Family Income and their Challenges on Social Media in the
Dissemination of Information for Academic Purposes
Source of SS df MS F P- F crit Ho I
Variation value
Between 0.12 3 0.04 0.91 0.44 2.77  A NS
Groups
Within Groups 2.56 56 0.05
     

2.69 59
Total

Legend: If the Pvalue is < or = to 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Reject

(R), Significant (S);
if the Pvalue is > 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Accept (A),
Therefore, Not Significant (NS)

Table 10 shows the computed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the Significant

Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of Monthly Family
Income and their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of Information for
Academic Purposes, wherein the P-Value is (0.44) higher than the Alpha
level/Probability level. For that reason, the hypothesis will be accepted and is
therefore interpreted as Not Significant (SA).

Table 11
Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of
Social Media Platform and their Challenges on Social Media in the
Dissemination of Information for Academic Purposes
Source of SS df MS F P- F crit Ho I
Variation value
Between 8.91 6 1.48 9.2 0 2.19 R S
Groups
Within Groups 15.8 98 0.16
     
 24.7 104
Total

Legend: If the Pvalue is < or = to 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Reject

(R), Significant (S); if the Pvalue is > 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level -
Accept (A), Therefore, Not Significant (NS)

Table 11 shows the computed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the Significant

Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of Social Media Platform
and their Challenges on Social Media in the Dissemination of Information for
Academic purposes, wherein the P-Value is (0) lower than the Alpha level/
Probability level. For that reason, the hypothesis is rejected and therefore interpreted
as Significant (S).

Table 12
Significant Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of
Frequently of Use of the Social Media Platforms and their Challenges on
Social Media in the Dissemination of Information for Academic Purposes
Source of SS df MS F P- F crit Ho I
Variation value
Between 0.16 2 0.08 1.11 0.34 3.22  A NS
Groups
Within Groups 2.94 42 0.07
     

3.1 44
Total

Legend: If the Pvalue is < or = to 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Reject

(R), Significant (S);
if the Pvalue is > 0.05 Alpha level/Probability level - Accept (A),
Therefore, Not Significant (NS)

Table 12 shows the computed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the Significant

Difference between the Profile of the Respondents in terms of Frequently of Use of
the Social Media Platforms and their Challenges on Social Media in the
Dissemination of Information for Academic Purposes, wherein the P-Value is (0.34)
higher than the Alpha level/ Probability level. For that reason, the hypothesis is
accepted and therefore interpreted as Not Significant (NS).
 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings

1. Profile of the Respondents

1.1 Sex

Based on the gathered data, most respondents are female with a

frequency of 118 and a percentage of 54%.

1.2 Strand

Based on the gathered data, most respondents are HUMSS strand with a

frequency of 75 and a percentage of 34%

1.3 Monthly Family Income

Based on the gathered data, most of the respondents got the income of

Php 10, 999-Php 25, 999 with a frequency of 90 and a percentage of 41%

1.4 Social media platform used

Based on the gathered data, the majority of them are using Facebook with

a frequency of 102 and a percentage of 47%.

1.5 Frequency of Use of the Social Media

Based on the gathered data, most of the respondents spends their time

daily on social media with a frequency of 196 and a percentage of 89%

 2. What are the challenges you most likely to meet on the use of social

media in the dissemination information for academic purposes?

Based on the weighted mean of 3.33, “need to log in first before accessing the

information in some sites” is the number 1 challenges that the respondents

are most likely meet on the use of social media in the dissemination

information for academic purpose. On the other hand, “power supply” is the

least challenging the respondents for it ranks the lowest with an average

mean of 2.77.

3. Is there a significant difference between the profile of the respondents

and challenges you most likely meet on the use of social media in the

dissemination information for academic purposes?

The data gathered by the researchers reveals that there is no significant

between the profile of the respondents and the challenges that they are most

likely encounter on the use of social media in the dissemination of information

for their academic purposes. P-value higher than the level of significance

which is equated to 0.5. For that reason, the hypothesis is accepted.

Conclusion

 The finding that the respondents’ profile is not significant to the challenges

that the respondents meeting on social media dissemination information

for their academic purposes, this is clearly because not all the students

have the same situation and there are some factors that they differ with.

 Given by the respondents’ answers that most of the challenges in the

questionnaire did not bother the students for disseminating the information

for their academic use. But, there are few challenges are highly meet the

use of their social media for their academic purposes.

  The first and second conclusion will be supported by review of related

literature from chapter 2 of this paper.

“The year 2020 is fraught with unparalleled obstacles in the emerging

global and national socio-political, economic and educational environment.

The global education system is in the process of evolving and adapting to

new and demanding circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic,

testing the traditional learning process of human interaction in the

classroom and capitalizing on virtual and online education.” (Ginbert et al,

2020)

“Social media should be used to disseminate reliable information about

when to get tested, what to do with the results, and where to receive care.”

RECOMMENDATIONS

 The researcher recommends that even though the respondents’ profile is not

significant to the challenges that the respondents meeting on social media

dissemination information for their academic purposes, teachers must always

consider every situation of the students especially now that we are in the

middle of the global pandemic that is hindering use to access some reliable

sites or information resources because we only have limited sources at home.

 Based on the findings, “need to log in first before accessing the information in

some sites” is the often challenges that the respondents are most likely meet

on the use of social media in the dissemination information for academic

purpose. Therefore, information/ news provider must not require the readers

and researcher to login their websites because now a days it is important that

we only share our private information only in the most reliable sites.
  The researchers also recommend that the institution must conduct a formal

seminar to help the students conquer the challenges that the respondents are

experiencing right now during the new normal set up of learning. Since

everyone is having a hard time in adopting to this new kind of set up,

everyone must also have enough knowledge on how this set up can be easier

and still can absorb new learning.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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HlhCjyo
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CHAPTER 2

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