Building Resilience :

Multi-level & Multi-stakeholder Work on Enabling Environments

Dr.-Ing. Wiwandari Handayani

Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Diponegoro University – Indonesia
Resilient City Team – Semarang City

International Webinar on Indonesian Disaster Resilience Reform

Theme 1: Enabling Environment for Resilience Building
14 December 2020
Outline
01 Definition and concept

02 The call for collaborative

actions

03 Creating enabling
environment to enhance Photo by julianto saputra on Unsplash
resilience
Resilience
Ability / capacity of a system to cope with disturbances
- shocks and stresses -

Individuals, families, communities, cities,

System regions/infrastructures, economics, Transformative
ecology, etc Adaptation

Survive: the system can continue to function

when an interruption occurs
to cope Adapt: the system makes adjustments
Disturbances

with Grow better: the system is transformed into

a better “new” system.
 Climate
Disaster Risk
Change
Reduction
Adaptation
Social

Psychological
Technical
Resilience

Physical
Other
Sustainability
Science
Hazards &
Risk

Adapted from D. E. Alexander, 2013 Multi-dimensional & Multi-sectoral

Disaster according to Law 24/2007
Bencana (disaster) is events or series of events that threaten and disrupt people's lives and livelihoods
which are caused, both by natural and / or non-natural factors as well as human factors, resulting in
human casualties, environmental damage, property loss, and psychological impacts.

https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20180723134346-20- https://www.liputan6.com/citizen6/read/2432043/10-wabah- https://metro.tempo.co/read/1233296/pelajar-tewas-saat-

316300/kemarau-2018-kekeringan-ancam-sejumlah-wilayah-indonesia penyakit-paling-mematikan-sepanjang-sejarah tawuran-di-depok-begini-kronologinya

Natural disasters are disasters Non-natural disasters are A social disaster is a disaster
caused by an event or a series of disasters caused by non-natural caused by an event or series of
events caused by nature, among events or series of events, which events caused by humans, which
others, in the form of include technological failure, includes social conflicts between
earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic modernization failure, groups or between communities,
eruptions, floods, drought, epidemics, and disease and terror.
hurricanes, and landslides. outbreaks.
Promoting resilience as part of the
Global and National Commitment
Presidential Decree No. 59, 2017 – Sustainable Development Goals

National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) since 1988 &

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) since 1992

The Hyogo Framework for Action (2005–2015) & Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction (2015–2030)
From Reactive to Proactive → adaptive towards transformative
Proactive - Transformative Reactive - Adaptive

Grow better Survive and Adapt

Economic, Social & Cultural

resilience Preparedness
DOMAIN OF RESILIENCE
DOMAIN OF
Sendai Framework Health, Food Security, Early Warning System DISASTER RESILIENCE
Livelihood
City Resilience Emergency Response Sendai Framework
Framework (CRF) Infrastructure & Building
Resilience
Rehabilitation IRBI
SDGs
Governance & Leaderships Resconstruction
RPJMN
Disaster & Climate Change
Resilience
Disaster Management

D i s a s t e r R i s k R e d u c t i o n
The Urgent Call for Collaborative Actions
Potential Potential
• Financial support Policies & rules provision
• Facilitator to strengthening partnership International
Organization Government Roles
Roles Policy maker
Knowledge, implementing, & funding Knowledge & implementing partner
partner
Standarization

Potential Potentials
Fund/financing support Research & development
Private Sector COLLABORATION & INTEGRATION Academia Knowledge generation
Roles (Communication, Coordination, Cooperation) Roles
Knowledge, implementing, &
Standarization
funding partner
Knowledge & implementing partner

Potential
Potential Advocacy & social campaign
Development beneficiaries
Community NGO Roles
Roles Standarization
Knowledge & implementing partner Knowledge & implementing partner
 Community Empowerment through
Kelurahan/Desa Tangguh Bencana (Katana/Destana)
Socialization of Katana/Destana in Kendal, Central Java Destana Kusamba, Klungkung, Bali Destana Tanalum, Purbalingga, Central Java
(2016) did tsunami simulation in Kusamba Beach (2016) (2019)

https://bali.tribunnews.com/2019/07/13/antisipasi-
https://www.kendalkab.go.id/berita/id/20160922001/bnpb_kendal_gelar_sosialisas bencana-bsn-sosialisasikan-sni-desa-tangguh-bencana- https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/v1/desa-tanalum-
i_destana ke-desakelurahan-rawan-tsunami dijadikan-desa-tangguh-bencana/

Katana/Destana is desa/kelurahan (sub-district) that have the ability to recognize threats in their area & able to organize
community resources to reduce vulnerability, at the same time increase capacity to reduce disaster risk.
Katana/destana establishment program is developed by National & Regional Disaster Management Agency (BNPB & BPBD).

Regulation of Head of The National Disaster Management Agency No. 1 of 2012 on Resilient Subdistrict (Desa/Kelurahan Tangguh Bencana) General Guideline
 Role of Private Sectors
PT. Hutama Karya sent logistics & heavy equipment to
help the victims of natural disaster in Palu & Donggala
(2018)
Source: https://hutamakarya.com/en/palu-diguncang-gempa-dan-tsunami-
hutama-karya-sigap-kirimkan-bantuan
PT. Pertamina MOR I held Pertamina Energi
Unilever built 3 rumah sehat (healthy houses) & Negeri (PEN), a disaster education event for
gave 3 mobil sehat (healthy cars) to Palu, Donggala elementary students, to built disaster
& Lombok (2018) awareness since the early stage (2019)
Source:
https://bali.tribunnews.com/2019/07/13/antisipasi-
Source: https://www.unilever.co.id/news/press- Source: https://www.digtara.com/berita/pertamina-edukasi-
bencana-bsn-sosialisasikan-sni-desa-tangguh-bencana-
releases/2019/ramadhan-berbagi.html kebencanaan-untuk-siswa-sd-di-medan/
ke-desakelurahan-rawan-tsunami
Training & Accompaniment
Semarang City Disaster Preparedness Group training held by IUCCE
(Local NGO) & Mercy Corps Indonesia (NGO) in collaboration with
Semarang City Disaster Management Agency, Mobile Brigade Corps &
Indonesia Red Cross (2017)
Source: ZFRP, 2017
Disaster Risk Reduction Forum establishment in Lerep Village,
Semarang Regency held by IUCCE (Local NGO) & Mercy Corps
Indonesia (NGO) in collaboration with Semarang Regency Disaster
Management Agency (2018)
Source: Transform Program, 2018
 Creating Enabling Environment to Enhance Resilience

Some reflections
From
current
Network development Coalition building
and learning process Mutual - Integration of central, provincial, &
agreement local government initiatives
- Encouraging different partners’
involvement
Change the perception: - Continue to actively involve various
from sectoral to collective, elements of community
from incremental to
comprehensive
Budgeting
- Innovative alternative funding (co-
Towards adaptive design dan co-funding)
To Commitment - Involvement & empowerment of all
‘governance’ that can
expected stakeholders
maintain collaborative
- From cost to investment
future actions

Communication Coordination Collaboration

Challenges ahead
Partnerships
The need of an Inclusive – Participatory process from all
the stakeholders

Governance – decision making process

Conformity of national- sub national- local policies, and
intra and inter sectoral

Innovative funding
Conventional and non conventional
Thank You
……