Char Green Urbanism Onozawa

CHARACTERISTICS OF
GREEN URBANISM
Ma. Lourdes Joy Martinez Onozawa, UAP, APEC Arch’t, EnP, ReB
joy@environmentdesign.ph/ mlmo2001@yahoo.com
Saturday, January 23, 16

The main reason why we plan towns and cities -- to be able
to afford a quality of life for its residents.
Each citizen has a basic right to live comfortably - to be safe

and secure in his neighborhood.
In the Philippines where we have a democratic system of

government, this can only be made possible by the people ,
of the people, and for the people.
GREEN = SUSTAINABLE = HAPPY

= LIVABLE

Advantages of Living in a Green Community
1. Green communities are designed to restore the balance in
the ecosystem. Nature provides, and protects..
2. Green communities are healthy,happy communities.

Prevents expenditures on diseases and ailments primarily
caused by unclean environments
3. Green communities attract investors, thus providing jobs and

livelihood for its residents. Crime rates are very low.
4. Green communities promote THE RECOGNITION OF

STATUS, a sense of pride, self esteem, of proud belonging --
thus making its residents contribute positively into its
development.

What is Green Urbanism?
The practice of creating communities beneficial to human and
the environment.
A strategy for addressing the negative impacts of global

warming and climate change on the survival and sustainability
of communities
It is interdisciplinary, combining the collaboration of landscape

architects, engineers, urban planners, ecologists, transport
planners, physicists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and
other specialists in addition to architects and urban designers.

Sustainability utilizes the
Triple Bottom Line
Approach
Philippine Agenda 21-

response to Rio Earth
Summit (June 1992)
Green cities are Sustainable cities

Sustainable cities are Happy cities
Happy Cities are Livable Cities....
Traditional Neighborhood Planning
SMART GROWTH
Green Urbanism Compact City Planning
LIVE + WORK + PLAY
New Community Design
PLACE PEOPLE
GOALS OF SMART GROWTH
Achieve a unique sense of community and place;

Expand the range of transportation, employment, and housing choices;
Equitably distribute the costs and benefits of development;
Preserve and enhance natural and cultural resources;
Promote public health.
PROGRESS PRINCIPLE

International Criteria for Livable Cities
Safety and Security

Provision for Education
Hygiene and Health Care
Respect for Culture
Access to Recreation
Equitable Transportation Systems
Environment Management and Access to Nature
Responsive Urban Design
Political / Economic Stability
Pro Active Disaster Policies

To develop green livable communities, we need to
understand our home and its environment first..
only then do we know how to take care of it..

Processes of ECOSYSTEMS that keep
the earth’s balance

Fresh water Ecosystem
Lentic : Slow vertical moving waters
• Marshes, wetlands and swamps
serve as natural drainage
• Home to biodiversity of birds,
reptiles, insects that complete the
nutrient cycle
Lotic: rapidly-moving water

•Algae, consisting of phytoplankton
and periphyton, are produced here
•Plankton is a source of oxygen,

energy and nutrients
MARINE
ECOSYSTEM
• 71% of the earth’s surface is covered by sea water

• Home to plankton that produces 55% of oxygen we breathe
CORAL REEF Ecosystem
Philippines ranks 2nd in the world for size of coral reefs

- 27,000 sq km or % of total world size

“ THE PHILIPPINES IS THE CENTER OF THE CENTER OF MARINE BIO-
DIVERSITY IN THE WORLD!” Dr. Kent Carpenter Sept.13, 2004, Philippine Star

LITTORAL/COASTAL
Ecosystems
estuaries
beaches
60% of the world’s population

live along estuaries and the
coast.

LITTORAL/COASTAL Ecosystems
mix of coastal ecosystems

ECO SERVICES of
Estuaries and Beaches
•Provide nursery habitats for fisheries,

migratory birds and support their
productivity
•Provide production areas for Plankton

before they are flushed out to sea
•Plankton produce 55% of oxygen we

breathe, regulate carbon dioxide and
temperature

FOREST ECOSYSTEM

SERVICES OF THE FOREST
RA 9174 -- Wildlife Resources Conservation
and Protection Act
•Provides 45% of oxygen we breathe
•Protects soil erosion thus protecting

good quality potable
•Home to the richest biodiversity

and most complex nutrient ( food)
cycle

URBAN ECOSYSTEMS
Quality of Life of Urban Dweller is

at stake

In a watershed ecosystem, our aquatic resources are
the focus of conservation
Cebu - Watershed Ecosystem
In the LAW of NATURE, there is nothing right or wrong..

ONLY CONSEQUENCES
Valuing our ecosystems ------ When eco services are abundant, we
tend to destroy them , when it is scarce, we tend to take care of it.

Planning is a continuous cycle..
1. It is WALKABLE .... +/- 250 meters for residents to attain goods and
services. Internal Circulation System emphasizes pedestrian and bicycle
movement, and minimal human -with-vehicular traffic. Mass
transportation preferred over individual cars.
RA 8749
Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999

“In the Philippines, only
3.13% of population
own motor vehicles, yet
99% of our roads are
designed for motorized
vehicles “
Sen. Kiko Pangilinan

Batas Pambansa 344 -- Accessibility Law
Universal Design - design w/out segregation
www.ncda.gov.ph - National Council of Disability Affairs

!
Universal Toilet Specs

good for public toilets.
If not sliding, door must open outward so as
not to block door closure once wheelchair is
inside. A door-‐pulling handle must be placed
on the hinge side (nearest to the user on
wheelchair) at a height of 1 meter maximum
above the ﬂoor.

Barrier Free Tourism - very much in demand

Cars emit carbon dioxide so cars are a part of the
global warming problem. How much CO2 do cars emit?
Burning one gallon of gas creates 20 pounds of carbon

dioxide, and the average car emits about six tons of
carbon dioxide every year..

2. It is well aware of its population density
limits that stay within threshold levels
2011 - 93 Million
www.hlurb.gov.ph
Floor Area Ratio ( FAR)
RA 7160 - Local Government Code
Informal
settlers
poverty statistics relate

also to people living in
endangered ecosystems
Reason for socialized

housing ( BP 220) to be
implemented.

Traffic Congestion -- a need to zone our streets
1.Cars
2. Trucks
3.Tricycles and motorcycles
4. Bicycles, Carretons
5. Walking pedestrians
6.Buffer zones for protection
Those who have

LESS in wheels
must have
MORE in Roads

Road Sharing
-- focus on
moving PEOPLE,
not cars

Zoned Streets in Toronto
Roads are primarily made and designed for people,
not for cars

3.Mixed zoning that includes affordable housing for all
income groups expected to work within the community.
( BP 220)

Good real estate development , are communities that promote
environmental ecology
hygiene and cleanliness
physical, cultural and spiritual development
and public safety
BP 220 -- the Socialized and Economic Housing Law
PD 957 -- Subdivision and Condominium Buyers'

Protective Decree,"
PD 1216 --Defining Open Space in Residential

Subdivision
PD 1096 -- National Building Code of the Philippines"
PD 9514 --The New Fire Code of the Philippines
PD 1067 Water code of the Philippines

PD 198 Local Water Utilities Act
In consultation with: Dept of Public Works and Highways, Integrated National Police,other
appropriate government units and instrumentalities and private associations.

4. Adequate primary & secondary schools with recreational
facilities also supporting school extra curricular activities

Places for activities
that make the youth
occupied in a
positive way

5. General Planning and Street design ( green Infra) to minimize
costs ,energy demands for construction and maintenance of
public and private improvements in the community.
RA 7279 - Urban Development and Housing Act.

Comprehensive and Continuing Urban Development and Housing Program,
Establish the Mechanism for its Implementation

Traditional urban construction has diverted rainwater into storm sewers and
ultimately into streams, rivers and and the sea. This diversion of rainwater has resulted
in over-taxed sewer systems, as well as sedimented and chemically polluted waters.
R A 9275 -- Mar. 22, 2004 , AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A

COMPREHENSIVE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT

good bio filters and water storage
porous stormwater
systems collect,
cleanses, filters and
supplies water to
underground
aquifers thus
replenishing our
water supply.
Permeable and Porous
pavements can be covered
with grass and/or pebbles
Rain Gardens in Landscapes

channel the rainwater according to the topography of the land
from highest to lowest points

Feed and
Recharge our
aquifers

Permeable Paving -- Most often used in Parking Lots

Permeable surfaces mitigate floods
Engineered Wetland Systems
Sewage
Hydroponics
Ifugao Rice Terraces -- Natural Wetland Wastewater System

an emphasis on the "life support" functions provided by
a network of natural ecosystems,
with an emphasis on interconnectivity
to support long-term sustainability

RIPARIAN ZONE
- the interface between land and a river or
stream, characterized by hydrophilic plants.
- are significant in ecology, environmental
management, and civil engineering because
of their role in conservation of soil and
habitat biodiversity, and the protection they
have on fauna and aquatic ecosystems,
including grassland,forests, wetlands , and
urban areas.
RIPARIAN ZONE
Protect, Purify, Filter -
critical to the health of a river
or stream

Degradation of Riparian
Buffer Zone
Cebu
Pasig
Pinamungahan
An urban
planners
nightmare!!
The depository of Rain

Water runoff, Septage,
and Waste water runoff
in Cebu goes straight into
our water ways..

6. Use of renewable energy sources and energy
conservation measures to make the community energy
self sufficient as possible
www.doe.gov.ph

7. Grow your own food-- production within the home, the
community or in watershed or marshy wetlands, . Common planting
areas organized accordingly may be designated
PD 491
National Nutrition Council
www.da.gov.ph
www.dh.gov.ph

Vertical Urban Gardens

8. Ecologically sound patterns of agriculture , effective
waste management and reuses every waste generated.
R.A. 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
www.emb.gov.ph

Know what to do
with your waste!

Barangay waste management and agriculture
RA 9003 is a
decentralized
function

9. Provision of commercial and industrial
enterprises that would provide work for a high
proportion of residents
RA 9710 Magna Carta of Women

RA 7192 Women in Development and Nation Building Act
RA 8371 The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997

RA 8371 Indigenous People’s Right Act, 1997 ( IPRA)
The National Commission of Indigenous People ( NCIP)
shall protect and promote the interest and well being
of the ICCs/IPs with due regard to their beliefs,
customs, traditions and institutions.
10. The community is disaster responsive.
Evacuation Centers are

necessary in each settlement.
RA 9729 Climate Change Act of 2009

www.ndcc.gov.ph-- National Disaster Council
www.ncca.gov.ph National Commission on Culture and Arts
Nov 8, 2013 Yolanda-- strongest typhoon ever to hit the earth!
Dec 18, 2013 - Snow in Vietnam Dec 13, 2013 - Snow in Cairo
http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph
Ask for a certificate from the Developer that the

house or the building is within Intensity 8 or 9
protected against EARTHQUAKES.

Adaptation and Mitigation
RA 10121 Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010
(May 27, 2010)
•To include good governance, risk assessment and early warning, knowledge building and awareness
raising, reducing underlying risk factors, and preparedness for effective response and early recovery,”
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP)
• DILG - Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management” or “CBDRRM”

-- a process of disaster risk reduction and management in which at risk communities are
actively engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of
disaster risks in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capacities, and
where the people are at the heart of decision-making and implementation of disaster risk
reduction and management activities.
• Know what the level of your house is in

relation to sea level
• Each household should also be

prepared with their own emergency
disaster kit - at least have food and
medicine good for 7 days

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7898 -- PROVIDING FOR THE MODERNIZATION OF THE ARMED
FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES
(b) To develop its capability to assist civilian

agencies in the preservation of the national
patrimony, including the country's living and
nonliving marine, submarine, mineral, forest
and
other natural resources located within its
territory and its exclusive economic zone
(EEZ);
(c) To enhance its capability to fulfill its

mandate to protect the Filipino people not only
from
armed threats but from the ill effects of life-
threatening and destructive consequences of
natural and man-made disasters and
calamities, including typhoons, earthquakes,
volcanic eruptions, major accidents in far-flung
or inaccessible terrain or at sea and from all
forms of ecological damage;

11. An overall community structure that respects local
culture, heritage.

Cebu is the oldest city in
the Philippines
Cebu was the first capital

of the Philippines(1565
-1571)
The inner city core is one

big heritage resource

Heritage Conservation
promotes city revitalization
RA 10066 -- National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009

Heritage resources brings livelihood potential

The centerpiece
Cebu Water$ont Revitalization Study , 1998

Companhia Maritima as the centerpiece of the project.

Making the city
MCWD Bldg. more pedestrian
Customs Bldg.
Conrad Warehouse friendly
Pacific Warehouses
Cebu Water$ont Revitalization Study , 1998

Adaptive reuses

Flyovers with no proper study, no respect for heritage, but
money was spent.....WHY?????
Sustainability utilizes the
Triple Bottom Line

Approach
Does it enhance the quality of life of the people?

Does it make the air cleaner? It is ecologica%y sound amidst
contemporary times?
Does it connect people? Does it enhance the sense of
community?
BOGOTA, COLUMBIA Some measures adopted by Peñalosa :
URBAN RENEWAL
• Dia Sin Carro or Car Free Day. Banning of
cars, after a vote among Bogota’s nearly 8M
citizens, every February 1, since 2000.
• Increased gas taxes and prohibiting car owners

from driving during rush hour more than 3x /
week.
• Handing over prime space on the city's main

arteries to the Transmilenio, a bus rapid-transit
system based on that of Curitiba, Brazil.
• Shifting the budget away from private car

accompdation - school enrollment increased by
30 per cent, 1,200 parks were built, the core of
the city was revitalized and provide running
water to hundreds of thousands of poor.

opening up the city to people, instead of cars
Advantages of Living in a Green Community
1. Green communities are designed to restore the balance in
the ecosystem. Nature provides, and protects..
2. Green communities are healthy,happy communities.

Prevents expenditures on diseases and ailments primarily
caused by unclean environments
3. Green communities attract investors, thus providing jobs and

livelihood for its residents. Crime rates are very low.
4. Green communities promote THE RECOGNITION OF

STATUS, a sense of pride, self esteem, of proud belonging --
thus making its residents contribute positively into its
development.

"You need to fulfill your potential as a
"
human being. You need to walk. You need to

be with other people. Most of all, you need
to not feel inferior. When you talk about
these things, designing a city can be a very
powerful means to generate HAPPINESS."
ATO NI BA’I
Ma. Lourdes Joy Martinez Onozawa, Arch’t, EnP THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!
joy@environmentdesign.ph / mlmo2001@yahoo.com

Char Green Urbanism Onozawa

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CHARACTERISTICS OF

Saturday, January 23, 16

Each citizen has a basic right to live comfortably - to be safe

In the Philippines where we have a democratic system of

GREEN = SUSTAINABLE = HAPPY

Saturday, January 23, 16

2. Green communities are healthy,happy communities.

3. Green communities attract investors, thus providing jobs and

4. Green communities promote THE RECOGNITION OF

Saturday, January 23, 16

A strategy for addressing the negative impacts of global

It is interdisciplinary, combining the collaboration of landscape

Saturday, January 23, 16

Philippine Agenda 21-

Green cities are Sustainable cities

New Community Design

Achieve a unique sense of community and place;

Saturday, January 23, 16

Safety and Security

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

Lotic: rapidly-moving water

•Plankton is a source of oxygen,

• 71% of the earth’s surface is covered by sea water

Philippines ranks 2nd in the world for size of coral reefs

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

60% of the world’s population

Saturday, January 23, 16

mix of coastal ecosystems

Saturday, January 23, 16

•Provide nursery habitats for fisheries,

•Provide production areas for Plankton

•Plankton produce 55% of oxygen we

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

•Provides 45% of oxygen we breathe

•Protects soil erosion thus protecting

•Home to the richest biodiversity

Saturday, January 23, 16

Quality of Life of Urban Dweller is

Saturday, January 23, 16

the focus of conservation

Cebu - Watershed Ecosystem

In the LAW of NATURE, there is nothing right or wrong..

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

www.ncda.gov.ph - National Council of Disability Affairs

Saturday, January 23, 16

Universal Toilet Specs

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

Burning one gallon of gas creates 20 pounds of carbon

Saturday, January 23, 16

poverty statistics relate

Reason for socialized

Saturday, January 23, 16

Those who have

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16

Saturday, January 23, 16