]WCFAVC O@WAFF@ÖE OA NCWLDF@ÖE ]WCNAV@CEDB @E_AHWDB

NCWLD_C HQÌD OA D]WAEO@[DKA 
D]WAEO@[DKA  

@OAE_@N@FDF@ÖE OA BD HQ@D OA D]WAEO@[DKA

Huìd Ec. > Ldrfc Fcefaptudb, ]cbìt`fds Fcetdgbas

Fcetdgbas y scpcrtas
s cpcrtas fcetdgbas

  Oaecl`edf`öe oab ]rchrdld oa Ncrldf`öe;

Ncrldf`öe ; _àfe`fc ae Fcetdg`b`zdf`öe oa Cpardf`ceas Fclarf`dbas
y N`edef`ards
  Föo`hc oab ]rchrdld oa Ncrldf`öe;
Ncrldf`öe ; 4764==- ^ars`öe 4
  Eclgra oab ]rcyaftc;
]rcyaftc; Fradf`öe oa ued alprasd o`oäft`fd pdrd dpb`fdr fr`tar`cs oa rafcecf`l`aetc y
lao`f`öe oa bcs jafjcs afceöl`fcs. Föo`hcFöo`hc 4084810
  Ndsa oab ]rcyaftc 
]rcyaftc  Ndsa ]bdeadf`öe
]bdeadf`öe;; Astrufturdr bd Alprasd o`oäft`fd, oa dfuaroc fce
raquar`l`aetcss fcetdgbas, bahdbas y dol`e`strdt`vcs.
raquar`l`aetc
  Dft`v`odo oa ]rcyaftc 
]rcyaftc  D]S6;
D]S6;   @oaet`n`fdr bd astrufturd
astrufturd dol`e`strdt`vd, crhde`zdf`cedb y tr`gutdr`d
tr`gutdr`d oab
aeta afceöl`fc sahûe ecrldt`vd
  Dft`v`odo oa Dpraeo`zdka DDS>;
DDS>; Fclpraeoar ab ldrfc fcefaptudb bd j`stcr`d oa bd fcetdg`b`odo, bcs
fr`tar`cs oa rafcecf`l`aetc y lao`f`öe, ds` fclc bd abdgcrdf`öe oa bds pcb`t`fds fcetdgbas y bcs
scpcrtas fcetdgbas oa dfuaroc fce ecrldt`vd.
  Fclpataef`d;
74=6=6=77 Wafcecfar rafurscs n`edef`arcs oa dfuaroc fce latcocbchìd y ecrldt`vd
  Wasubtdoc oa Dpraeo`zdka
74=6=6=77-4 @oaet`n`fdr bd astrufturd alprasdr`db, ecrldt`vd bdgcrdb, Fclarf`db, Fcetdgba N`edef`ard
y _r`gutdr`d, oa dfuaroc fce ab t`pc oa
o a crhde`zdf`öe
  Ourdf`öe oa bd Huìd;
Huìd; ?: Jcrds ue frao`tc
frao`tc

7. ]WAVAE_DF@ÖE
Ast`ldoc Dpraeo`z;

Bd fcetdg`b`odo as bd f`aef`d `etaro`sf`pb`edr`d pcr axfabaef`d, ec `lpcrtd bd dft`v`odo qua sa radb`fa

(oapcrt`vd, ae sdbuo, drtas, `ehae`arìd atf.)9 parsceds y crhde`zdf`ceas eafas`tde lao`r y rafcecfar sus
jafjcs afceöl`fcs oa ncrld cpcrtued y radb pdrd bchrdr ued o`raff`öe y lakcrd fcet`eud ae sus prcfascs.
Dftudblaeta bd fcetdg`b`odo astä s`aeoc rahubdod y sa al`tae astäeodras `etaredf`cedbas pdrd bchrdr qua bcs
usudr`cs oa bd `encrldf`öe puaode fcesubtdr, dedb`zdr y avdbudr ec `lpcrtd oceoa sa aefuaetrae c ab `o`cld
qua jdgbae. Bd hbcgdb`zdf`öe as ued radb`odo y duequa pdrd dbhuecsdbhuecs astcs fdlg`cs haearde
haearde fr`s`s, bc
`lpcrtdeta as pcoar v`sudb`zdr bds cpcrtue`odoas qua bd prcnas`öe fcetdgba gr`eod.

Tuar`oc dpraeo`z bc `ev`tdlcs d oan`e`r ue pbde oa trdgdkc, ae ab qua ast`la t`alpcs, rafurscs, trdgdkc
fcbdgcrdt`vc y av`oaef`ds oa dpraeo`zdka eafasdr`ds pdrd bchrdr ab àx`tc ae su prcfasc oa ncrldf`öe y ae su
prcpös`tc oa v`od.
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6. NCWLQBDF@ÖE OA BDV DF_@^@ODOAV OA D]WAEO@[DKA

6.4 Dft`v`odoas oa Wanbax`öe `e`f`db

Ourdf`öe oa bd dft`v`odo; 4 jcrd (47 l`eutcs trdgdkc `eoapaeo`aeta ‖  ?:
 ?: l`eutcs trdgdkc o`raftc) 
o`raftc) 

6.4.4  V`e radb`zdr ued gûsquaod prav`d, abdgcra ued j`stcr`d oa

6.4.4 
lao`d päh`ed oceoa axpb`qua fölc fces`oard ustao qua
sa bbavö ab fcetrcb oa bcs rafurscs ae f`v`b`zdf`ceas fclc bd
Ah`pf`d c bd Ldyd, y qua dspaftcs oa astcs sa jde
`efcrpcrdoc jdstd bd dftudb`odo.

6.4.7  @eodhua fce sus pdoras dfarfd oa bds s`hu`aetas prahuetds

6.4.7 
y abdgcra ued raspuastd pdrd fdod ued, pcstar`crlaeta
scf`dbìfabd fce su hrupc oa trdgdkc;

  ³Fölc fcetrcbde bcs `ehrascs y hdstcs ndl`b`dras3



  V` ae dbhûe lclaetc eafas`tde sdgar fuäetc jde


@ldhae Ec. 4
hdstdoc ae ab dôc ³_`aeae ued ncrld oa oatarl`edrbc3
o atarl`edrbc3
 
 ³Fce qua nrafuaef`d pbdeade bcs hdstcs ndl`b`dras3
  ³Jdfae ds`hedf`öe oa o`earc d rugrcs aspafìn`fcs (Akalpbc
 (Akalpbc sdbuo, aoufdf`öe, v`v`aeod) c scbc pdhde
bc qua vd bbahdeoc3
  ³Fcesarvde ndfturds, raf`gcs, fct`zdf`ceas atf., oa pdhcs radb`zdocs
 r adb`zdocs ae su fdsd3 ³Fuäbas3

Wafuaroa fcesarvdr bds detar`cras dft`v`odoas rasuabtds oaetrc oa su pcrtdncb`c oa av`oaef`ds y astà
dtaetc d bd ratrcdb`laetdf`öe oa su `estruftcr d bds dft`v`odoas detas pbdetadods.

6.7  Dft`v`odoas oa fcetaxtudb`zdf`öe a `oaet`n`fdf`öe oa fcecf`l`aetcs eafasdr`cs pdrd ab dpraeo`zdka

Ourdf`öe oa bd dft`v`odo; 7 jcrds (7? l`eutcs
l `eutcs trdgdkc `eoapaeo`aeta ‖  0>
 0> l`eutcs trdgdkc o`raftc) 
o`raftc) 

Ast`ldoc dpraeo`z;

_aehd prasaeta qua su ncrldf`öe prcnas`cedb `etahrdb ae ab VAED as pcr prcyaftcs, pcr bc tdetc, bc
`ev`tdlcs d qua radb`fa y dpb`qua ae su prcyaftc ‒Fradf`öe oa ued alprasd o`oäft`fd pdrd dpb`fdr
fr`tar`cs oa rafcecf`l`aetc y lao`f`öe oa bcs jafjcs afceöl`fcs “ bcs o`naraetas fcecf`l`aetcs
taör`fcs y präft`fcs qua sa prcpceae ae astd huìd, bd fudb t`aea fclc cgkat`vc gr`odrba bds jarrdl`aetds
qua ba parl`tae fcecfar y fclpraeoar bcs nueodlaetcs fcetdgbas qua aeldrfde tcoc ab oasdrrcbbc
oab prcyaftc ncrldt`vc.

]drd bchrdrbc, `e`f`dralcs fce o`st`ehu`r bd `lpcrtdef`d qua rav`sta asta tald oaetrc oa su prcyaftc
ncrldt`vc y pdrd abbc radb`fa bds s`hu`aetas dft`v`odoas oa ncrld `eo`v`oudb y pcstar`crlaeta
scf`dbìfabds fce ab hrupc oa trdgdkc qua su `estruftcr oan`e`ö,
o an`e`ö, pdrd n`edblaeta fclpdrt`r bds pr`ef`pdbas
`oads fce ab rastc oab hrupc gdkc bd cr`aetdf`öe oa su _utcr.

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6.7.4  Cgsarva bcs v`oacs ‒J`stcr`d de`ldod oa bd fcetdg`b`odo“ a ‒J`stcr`d oa bd fcetdg`b`odo ae

6.7.4 
Fcbclg`d“ oa su ldtar`db
ldtar`db oa dpcyc. Ae ab dlg`aeta oa ncrldf`öe y ae hrupcs oa oa läx`lc 6
dpraeo`fas oasdrrcbbae
oasdrrcbbae bds s`hu`aetas dft`v`odoas qua oaga sar scf`db`zdod fce su `estruftcr.

  Abdgcrae ued bìead oa t`alpc oa bd j`stcr`d oa bd fcetdg`b`odo ae Fcbclg`d, oasoa sus crìhaeas jdstd
bd dftudb`odo. D fcet`eudf`öe, sa prasaetde dbhuecs
db huecs akalpbcs oa bìeads oa t`alpcs aefcetrdocs ae ab
`etareat.

@ldhae 7
  Astdgbazfd ocs o`naraef`ds aetra bd j`stcr`d oa bd fcetdg`b`odo ae ab lueoc y bd j`stcr`d oa bd fcetdg`b`odo


ae Fcbclg`d.
  Fdod dpraeo`z dpcrtdrä ocs fudb`odoas qua fraae oaga taear bcs prcnas`cedbas ae ab ärad oa


fcetdg`b`odo.

Wafuaroa taear bds detar`cras dft`v`odoas rasuabtds oaetrc oa su pcrtdncb`c oa av`oaef`ds y astà dtaetc d
bd ratrcdb`laetdf`öe oa su `estruftcr d bds dft`v`odoas detas pbdetadods.

6.6. Dft`v`odoas oa dprcp`df`öe oab fcecf`l`aetc (Fcefaptudb`zdf`öe

(Fcefaptudb`zdf`öe y _acr`zdf`öe)
Ourdf`öe oa bd dft`v`odo; 7> jcrds (647 l`eutcs trdgdkc `eoapaeo`aeta
` eoapaeo`aeta ‖  4.7?:
 4.7?: l`eutcs trdgdkc o`raftc) 
o`raftc)  

Tuar`oc dpraeo`z, yd qua djcrd puaoa rafcecfar bd `lpcrtdef`d qua rav`sta ab fcetae`oc oa astd huìd, bc
`ev`tdlcs d fcestru`r fcecf`l`aetc dbraoaocr oa abbd ae fcbdgcrdf`öe oa su `estruftcr, pcr lao`c oab
oasdrrcbbc oa bds s`hu`aetas dft`v`odoas oa ncrld `eo`v`oudb y oasasfcbdr`zdod;

6.6.4.. Bad 
6.6.4 Bad  oa ncrld oasasfcbdr`zdod 
oasasfcbdr`zdod  ab fdpìtubc 6 ‒]drt`od Ocgba y bd Afufdf`öe   ]dtr`lce`db“, oab taxtc
‒Fcetdg`b`odo Qe`vars`tdr`d“, Ao`tcr`db Lf Hrdw J`bb, `ehrasdeoc db V`stald Edf`cedb oa Ggb`ctafds VAED, gdsa
oa odtcs a-gcci, N`edblaeta oa ncrld `eo`v`oudb abdgcra ue asquald hrän`fc (`enchrdnìd),
hrän`fc (`enchrdnìd), fce dpcyc ae bds
_@F¿s, ab fudb fcetaehd bcs s`hu`aetas dspaftcs oa bd fcetdg`b`odo gäs`fd;

  ]drt`od ocgba


  Astrufturd oab ]QF (fbdsa, fuaetd, sugfuaetd, fuaetd dux`b`dr)



  Fbds`n`fdf`öe oa bds fuaetds

 fuaetds (radbas c j`stör`fds y eöl`edbas ö trdes`tcr`ds)
  Abalaetcs oa bcs astdocs n`edef`arcs, edturdbazd y o`eäl`fd.


  Afudf`öe fcetdgba


  F`fbc fcetdgba.


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6.6.7.. Bad oatae`odlaeta bd prasaetdf`öe ae pcwar pc`et o`spce`gba ae su ldtar`db oa dpcyc, oaecl`edod
6.6.7
‒?. VAED Ldrfc fcefaptudb - Fudb`odoas-j`pötas`s-abalaetcs astdocs n`edef`arcs“, y ab ocfulaetc ]ON
oaecl`edoc ‒>. LdrfcSfcefaptudbSn`edef`ard7=4? fclpbatc“, ab `estruftcr crhde`zdrä hrupcs oa trdgdkc oa
tras parsceds qu radb`zdrde ue ldpd laetdb 
laetdb  fce bcs s`hu`aetas dspaftcs, ut`b`zdeoc bd jarrdl`aetd
‒L`eoclc“;
L`eoclc; jttps;//ycutu.ga/k_:fuaHPfls 
B`ei tutcr`db L`eoclc; jttps;//ycutu.ga/k_:fuaHPfls 

  ]rcpös`tcs oa bd `encrldf`öe fcetdgba oa prcpös`tc haeardb

  Dbfdefa
  ]r`ef`p`c oa Oavaehc
  Fudb`odoas y fdrdftarìst`fds oa bd `encrldf`öe fcetdgba
  J`pötas`s Nueodlaetdb
  Abalaetcs oa bcs astdocs n`edef`arcs
  Fr`tar`cs lao`f`öe

6.6.6.  Dpraeo`z, oa ncrld `eo`v`oudb y oasasfcbdr`zdod abdgcra ab fudorc qua sa luastrd d fcet`eudf`öe
oceoa rabdf`cea bds E@@N, E@F y bds saff`ceas oa bds E@@N pdrd ]ylas v`haetas.

E@@N E@F P E@@N ]DWD ]PLAV

E@@N Eclgra E@F Eclgra Vaff`öe E@@N Eclgra
]ylas
E@@N 4 Docpf`öe pcr ]r`lard E@F 4 ]rasaetdf`öe oa Vaff`ce 4 ]aquaôds y
^az oa bds Ecrlds Astdocs lao`deds
@etaredf`cedbass oa
@etaredf`cedba N`edef`arcs alprasds
@encrldf`öe
N`edef`ard

………. 

6.6.?.  Wadb`fa bd bafturd oa ncrld oasasfcbdr`zdod a `eo`v`oudb

` eo`v`oudb oab pon ‒Docpf`öe oa ecrlds `etaredf`cedbas
oa fcetdg`b`odo ae Fcbclg`d“ oa bds päh`eds 6 d 1 y cgsarva bd s`hu`aeta `ldhae;

Abalaetc Edturdbazd Astdoc Oan`e`f`öe gdkc Fr`tar`cs oa

AN (Fbdsa) y o`eäl`fd N`edef`arc db E@@N y Akalpbc Wafcecf`l`aetc
qua partaeafa

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Buahc, fce bd `encrldf`öe cgtae`od fclpbata bd `encrldf`öe scb`f`tdod ae ab s`hu`aeta fudorc;

AE_@ODO NQEF@CE
Fcetdourìd Haeardb Edf`cedb
L`e`star`c oa Jdf`aeod
L`e`star`c oa Fclarf`c
Fcesakc _àfe`fc Fcetdourìd ]ûgb`fd
Vupar`etaeoaef`ds
@DVG @etaredt`cedb Dffcuet`eh
Vtdeodros Gcdro

6.6.1.  Fcesubta bd bay 464? oa 7==0 y bcs oafratcs rahbdlaetdr`cs 6=40, 6=77, 6=76, 6=7?, oa ncrld
oasasfcbdr`zdod y b`sta ae bd s`hu`aeta tdgbd bcs raqu`s`tcs qua oagae fulpb`r bds alprasds pdrd
fbds`n`fdrsa ae bcs hrupcs 4, 7, y 6.

Waqu`s`tcs Hrupc 4 Waqu`s`tcs Hrupc 7  Waqu`s`tcs Hrupc 6 

6 

6.6.>.  Bad ab fdp`tubc 4 Cgkat`vc oa bd `encrldf`öe n`edef`ard fce prcpös`tc haeardb, pon o`spce`gba ae su
ldtar`db oa dpcyc eclgrdoc fclc ‒Ldrfc-Fcefaptudb - 7=4:“. Fce su hrupc oa astuo`c abdgcra ue
fudorc s`eöpt`fc oceoa prasaeta; Oan`e`f`öe oab cgkat`vc oa bd `encrldf`öe fcetdgba, ut`b`odo y
b`l`tdf`ceas oa bd `encrldf`öe n`edef`ard, fdlg`cs ae bcs rafurscs afceöl`fcs y ae bcs oarafjcs oa
bcs dfraaocras, raeo`l`aetc n`edef`arc ranbakdoc pcr bd fcetdg`b`odo oa dfulubdf`öe (c oavaehc),

raeo`l`aetc
afceöl`fcs yn`edef`arc ranbakdoc
ae bcs oarafjcs pcrprcfaoae
qua ec bcs nbukcs
oaboa anaft`vc pdsdocs,
raeo`l`aetc fdlg`cs ae bcs rafurscs
n`edef`arc.
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6.6.8.  Oa ldeard oasasfcbdr`zdod radb`fa bd bafturd oab Fdp`tubc fudrtc -Bcs Abalaetcs oa bcs Astdocs
N`edef`arcs ‒Ldrfc-Fcefaptudb - 7=4:“ fce su hrupc oa fclpdôarcs fclpbata ab s`hu`aeta fudorc
fce bd oan`e`f`öe y fr`tar`cs oa lao`f`öe (fdp`tubc > oab ocfulaetc);

ABALAE_CV OA BCV AV_DOCV N@EDEF@AWCV

Abalaetc Oan`e`f`öe Fr`tar`cs oa lao`f`öe
 Dft`vc
]ds`vc
]dtr`lce`c
@ehrasc
Hdtcs

Qed vaz oan`e`oc fdod uec oa bcs abalaetcs oa bcs astdocs n`edef`arcs, radb`fa ocs akalpbcs pdrd fdod uec y
 pbäslabc ae bd s`hu`aeta
s`hu`aeta tdgbd;

AKAL]BCV
Abalaetc Akalpbc 4 Akalpbc 7
 Dft`vc
]ds`vc
]dtr`lce`c
@ehrasc
Hdtcs

djcrd as lclaetc oa
 Dpraeo`z, Fcecf`aeoc bd ecrldt`vd qua astdgbafa bcs prcfascs fcetdgbas, djcrd
`oaet`n`fdr bcs tìtubcs vdbcras y scpcrtas fcetdgbas qua dpcrtde db fulpb`l`aetc oa bd bay, pdrd abbc as
`lpcrtdeta radb`zdr bds s`hu`aetas dft`v`odoas qua ba dyuodrde d scpcrtdr bd `encrldf`öe oa su prcyaftc
 ncrldt`vc.

6.6.:.  Fcesubta oa ldeard oasasfcbdr`zdod ae pdh`eds wag, g`gb`ctafds v`rtudbas

v`rtudbas c ae dbhued ctrd qua asta
d su dbfdefa y oa raspuastd;
r aspuastd;

d. Oan`e`f`öe, o`naraef`d y salakdezds aetra; tìtubc vdbcr, ocfulaetcs fclarf`dbas,

fclarf`dbas, scpcrtas
fcetdgbas y scpcrta ec fcetdgba.- Oasdrröbbabc ae ue fudorc fclpdrdt`vc
g. Fbds`n`fdf`öe oa bcs o`st`etcs ocfulaetcs tae`aeoc ae fuaetd o`naraetas fr`tar`cs (fcetdgbas-ec
fcetdgbas9 `etarecs-axtarecs9
`etarecs-axtarecs9 qu`ae fclprd-qu`ae vaeoa9 sdb`od o`earc-aetrdod o`earc, s`e
lcv`l`aetc oa o`earc9 atf.). Oasdrröbbabc ae ued ldtr`z.

6.6.0.  Fce su hrupc oa astuo`c oa ncrld oasasfcbdr`zdod

o asasfcbdr`zdod fcesu
fcesubta
bta bd ecrldt`vd y fclpbata bd `encrldf`öe
scb`f`tdod pdrd fdod ìtal.

 ‒F  “ 
  Oa dfuaroc db föo`hc oa fclarf`c dp`tubc @   astdgbazfd bds s`hu`aetas o`naraef`ds;
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Dbfdefa c
_`tubcs vdbcras Oan`e`f`öe Waqu`s`tcs Fbds`n`fdf`öe
n`edb`odo
Batrd oa fdlg`c
]dhdrà
Gcecs
FO_
Ndfturd fdlg`dr`d
Ndfturd abaftröe`fd
 

   Astdtutc tr`gutdr`c ‖  ndfturdf`öe

 ndfturdf`öe
c  Bad bcs s`hu`aetas drtìfubcs >41, >4>-4, >4>-7, >4>-6 (drt 6=0 oa bd bay 4:40 oa 7=4>), >48,
>4:, >4:-7, >40, >17,
>1 7, >17-4, >16 y >18. Buahc, o`saôa bd astrufturd oa ued ndfturd y axpb`qua
sus pdrtas
   Oafratc 7>?0 oa 4006 Ds`aetcs fcetdgbas, scpcrtas y fclprcgdetas oa fcetdg`b`odo
Drtìfubcs 1>, 476 y 47?. Ab `estruftcr ba `eo`fdrä bd nafjd ae bd fudb su hrupc oa astuo`c
prasaetdrä bcs s`hu`aetas ocfulaetcs, puaoa tcldr fclc ranaraef`d ab taxtc
t axtc oa fcetdg`b`odo
ue`vars`tdr`d oa Bufy Fcrdb y Alld Huo`ôc-Qe`odo
Huo`ôc-Q e`odo =1 (O`spce`gba ae G`gb`ctafd) c fudbqu`ar
ctrc qua asta d su dbfdefa.

c  Waf`gc oa Fdkd, axtrdftc gdefdr`c.

c  Fclprcgdeta oa `ehrasc y Fclprcgdeta oa Ahrasc.
c  Fclprcgdetas oa fces`hedf`öe gdefdr`d ‖ trdesnaraef`d
c  Fjaquards.
c  Ectds frào`tcs y Ectds Oàg`tcs
c  Ndfturds oa ^aetd, Ndfturd oa Fclprd y Ndfturd
N dfturd Abaftröe`fd.
c  Fjaquas, pdhdras, batrds oa fdlg`c.
c  _drkatd oa Iäroax
c  Fct`zdf`öe y pao`ocs
c  Croae oa fclprd, Wal`s`ceas.
c
  Ectds oa Fcetdg`b`odo y Fclprcgdetas oa Fcetdg`b`odo c oa O`dr`c
c  P oaläs qua `eo`qua su `estruftcr
Wafuaroa; Baar y astdr dtaetcs d bd `etarvaef`öe oa su `estruftcr, ae oceoa odrä bd axpb`fdf`öe oa
bd fbds`n`fdf`öe oa bcs scpcrtas fcetdgbas

Vu `estruftcr axpb`fdrä
   Bay 4764 oab 7==:  ‖  ‒]cr bd fudb sa ue`n`fd bd ndfturd fclc tìtubc vdbcr fclc lafde`slc oa
n`edef`df`öe pdrd ab l`frc, paquaôc y lao`dec alprasdr`c…“  
   Wascbuf`öe :06? oab 7=4? oa bd Vupar`etaeoaef`d oa @eoustr`d y Fclarf`c ‖ ‒]cr bd fudb sa astdgbafae
bds o`raftr`fas ae ldtar`d oa hast`öe ocfulaetdb y crhde`zdf`öe oa drfj`vcs…“

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@ldhae Ec.6

6.?. Dft`v`odoas oa trdesnaraef`d oab fcecf`l`aetc.

Ourdf`öe oa bd dft`v`odo; 41 jcrds (4:= l`eutcs trdgdkc `eoapaeo`aeta

`eoapaeo`aeta ‖  87=
 87= l`eutcs trdgdkc o`raftc) 
o`raftc)  

Nab`f`tdf`ceas
Nab`f`tdf`ceas ast`ldoc dpraeo`z;

Buahc oa jdgar fcestru`oc sdgar, ae fcekuetc fce sus fclpdôarcs a `estruftcr, as lclaetc qua
oaluastras tcoc bc qua jd ds`l`bdoc dfarfd oa astd Huìd.

]cr tdetc, oasdrrcbba ab tdbbar präft`fc prcpuastc pcr su `estruftcr y fcesàrvabc oaetrc oa su
pcrtdncb`c oa av`oaef`ds.
av`oaef`ds. Asta dtaetc d bd astrdtah`d oa rav`s`öe
rav`s`öe y vdbcrdf`öe
vdbcrdf`öe qua pbdetaa
pbdetaa su
`estruftcr.

?. DF_@^@ODOAV OA A^DBQDF@ÖE
Ourdf`öe oa bd dft`v`odo;
dft`v`odo; ? jcrds (4 av`oaef`d oa fcecf`l`aetc,
fcecf`l`aetc, 4 jcrd av`oaef`d oasalpaôc, 7 jcrds
prcouftc)  
av`oaef`d oa prcouftc) 

Av`oaef`ds oa Dpraeo`zdka Fr`tar`cs oa Avdbudf`öe _àfe`fds a @estrulaetcs oa

Avdbudf`öe

Av`oaef`ds oa Fcecf`l`aetc ; ◃ Oan`ea ab ldrfc fcefaptudb Fcecf`l`aetc @estrulaetc;

fcetdgba y n`edef`arc, oa Fuast`cedr`c
fcefaptcs gäs`fcs oa bd
dfuaroc fce ecrldt`vd.
fcetdg`b`odo, fclc; pdrt`od
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ocgba, astrufturd oab ]QF, ◃ Fbds`n`fd bcs scpcrtas _àfe`fd; Ncrlubdf`öe oa

fbds`n`fdf`öe oa bds fuaetds,
Abalaetcs oa bcs astdocs
n`edef`arcs, edturdbazd y
o`eäl`fd, afudf`öe fcetdgba,
f`fbc fcetdgba,
scpcrtas tìtubcs
fcetdgbas y vdbcras,
fclprcgdetas oa fcetdg`b`odo
Av`oaef`ds oa Oasalpaôc; 
Oasalpaôc;  ocfulaetcs fcetdgbas sahûe
]rasaetd bds dft`v`odoas
rabdf`cedods fce ab ldrfc
fcefaptudbb y bcs scpcrtas y
fcefaptud
fclprcgdetas oa fcetdg`b`odo 
fcetdg`b`odo  @estrulaetc; b`std oa fjaquac oa
fcetdgbas oab aeta afceöl`fc, prahuetds
sahûe ecrldt`vd
◃ Wafcecfa pr`ef`p`cs oa
lao`f`öe sahûe bd eafas`odo
oab prcfasc y ecrldt`vd.
◃ Wafcecfa bcs tìtubcs vdbcras, y
ecrldt`vd.
Oasalpaôc;
◃ @oaet`n`fd raqu`s`tcs bahdbas _àfe`fd; Cgsarvdf`öe s`stalät`fd 
s`stalät`fd 
oa bcs scpcrtas fcetdgbas y
tìtubcs vdbcras ae bds
oasalpaôc
trdesdff`ceas fclarf`dbas,
sahûe ecrldt`vd.

Av`oaef`ds oa ]rcouftc; ◃ @oaet`n`fd bd astrufturd

_dbbar dpb`fdoc db prcyaftc
nrcldt`vc Huìd Ec. > Ldrfc
Fcefaptudb,b, ]cbìt`fds Fcetdgbas y
Fcefaptud
scpcrtas fcetdgbas
fcetdgba, oa dfuaroc fce bcs ]rcouftc;
raquar`l`aetcs oa bd
crhde`zdf`öe. _àfe`fd; Cgsarvdf`öe oab
prcouftc
@estrulaetc; b`std oa fjaquac oa
prcouftc oab prcyaftc ncrldt`vc 
ncrldt`vc  

1.   HBCVDW@C OA _ÀWL@ECV

1.

F`fbc fcetdgba;
fcetdgba; As ab par`coc oa t`alpc ae ab qua ued scf`aodo radb`zd oa ncrld s`stalät`fd y frcecböh`fd ab
rah`strc fcetdgba oa ued ncrld n`dgba y ranbakdeoc bd `ldhae n`ab oa bd dft`v`odo. Ecrldblaeta ue f`fbc
fcetdgba as oa ue dôc. Ae fudetc d rah`strcs, jdfalcs ranaraef`d d aetrdods ae ab b`grc o`dr`c, fclprcgdetas
n`edef`arcs, jdstd bd prapdrdf`öe oa bcs Astdocs n`edef`arcs

Ldrfc fcefaptudb;
fcefaptudb; As ab scpcrta ocftr`edb y taör`fc oa bd ecrldt`vd fcetdgba, qua `esp`rd bds rahbds oa
vdbcrdf`öe y prasaetdf`öe oa bd `encrldf`öe afceöl`fc-n`edef`ard y sa cr`aetd db sul`e`strc oa `encrldf`öe
ût`b pdrd bd tcld oa oaf`s`ceas afceöl`fds
afceöl`fds oa bcs usudr`cs¹. Ldr, L. (7=
(7=4=)
4=)

Ldtardb`odo; As ued fudb`odo oa bd rabavdef`d, qua ranbakd bd `lpcrtdef`d oa ued pdrt`od, y asd sa l`oa
Ldtardb`odo;
oapaeo`aeoc s` su cl`s`öe c axpras`öe `edoafudod puaoa `enbu`r ae bd tcld oa oaf`s`ceas oa bcs usudr`cs.

Lao`f`öe; As ab prcfasc oa oatarl`edf`öe oa bcs vdbcras lceatdr`cs pcr bcs qua sa rafcecfae y bbavde
Lao`f`öe;
fcetdgbalaeta bcs abalaetcs oa bcs astdocs n`edef`arcs, pdrd su `efbus`öe ae ab astdoc oa s`tudf`öe
n`edef`ard c ae ab astdoc oa rasubtdocs `etahrdb. ]drd radb`zdrbd
r adb`zdrbd as eafasdr`d bd sabaff`öe oa ued gdsa c làtcoc
pdrt`fubdr oa lao`f`öe (fr`tar`c oa lao`f`öe). Ldet`bbd. (7==0.
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Cgkat`v`odo; Ab pr`ef`p`c oa cgkat`v`odo cgb`hd d tcocs bcs prcnas`cedbas oa bd fcetdg`b`odo d ec fclprclatar

su ku`f`c prcnas`cedb c alprasdr`db d fdusd oa praku`f`cs, fcenb`ftc oa `etarasas c `enbuaef`d `eoag`od oa
tarfarcs.

]cbìt`fd fcetdgba;
fcetdgba; Vce bcs pr`ef`p`cs, gdsas, dfuarocs, rahbds y prcfao`l`aetcs aspafìn`fcs docptdocs pcr bd
aet`odo ae bd abdgcrdf`öe y prasaetdf`öe oa sus astdocs n`edef`arcs.

Wabavdeta; as fdpdz oa `enu`r ae bds oaf`s`ceas tcldods pcr bcs usudr`cs. Bd `encrldf`öe puaoa sar fdpdz oa
Wabavdeta; as
`enu`r ae ued oaf`s`öe `efbu-sc s` dbhuecs usudr`cs ab`hae ec dprcvafjdrbd c yd sce fcecfaocras oa abbd pcr
ctrds nuaetas. Ldet`bbd, V. (7=4:)

>.   WANAWAE_AV G@BG@CHWÄN@FCV

>.

Ldet`bbd, V. (7==0). Astäeodras/Ecrlds

Astäeodras/Ecrlds @etaredf`cedbas oa @encrldf`öe N`edef`ard (@NWV/E@@N). (?d. ao.) Afca
Ao`f`ceas. ]äh`ed; 4?:.
4? :. _cldoc oa jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.
jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.aou.fc/3`b<
aou.fc/3`b<8:&ph<41=
8:&ph<41=

Ldr, L. (7=4=). @etrcouff`öe d bd fcetdg`b`odo n`edef`ard. ]adrsce Aoufdf`öe.]äh`ed; 74=. _cldoc oa

jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.ao
jttp;//www.agc cis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.aou.fc/3`b<?8=0&ph<
u.fc/3`b<?8=0&ph<74=
74=

Fdrlae, B., Huo`ôc, A. (7=4?). Fcetdg`b`odo ue`vars`tdr`d.(8d. ao.) LfHrdw-J`bb @etardlar`fded.]äh`ed; ?4.
_cldoc oa jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.a
jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.aou.fc/3`b<
ou.fc/3`b<4=1&ph<?:
4=1&ph<?:

Ldet`bbd, V. (7=4:). Astäeodras/ecrlds `etaredf`cedbas oa `encrldf`öe n`edef`ard (@NWV/E@@N). (>d. ao.) Afca
Ao`f`ceas. ]äh`ed; 440. _cldoc oa 
oa jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.aou.
jttp;//www.agccis8-7?.fcl.go`h`tdb.saed.aou.fc/3`b<>64:&ph<4>=
fc/3`b<>64:&ph<4>=

Fcehrasc oa Fcbclg`d. (6= oa ldrzc oa 40:0). Astdtutc tr`gutdr`c. (Oafratc >7? oa 40:0).OC;6:.81>.

Fcehrasc oa Fcbclg`d. (4> oa kue`c oa 4084). Föo`hc oa fclarf`c. (Oafratc ?4= oa 4084).OC;66.660

Fcehrasc oa Fcbclg`d. (Kub`c 48 oa 7==:). Ndfturd fclc tìtubc vdbcr. (Bay 4764 oab 7==:)

Vupar`etaeoaef`d oa @eoustr`d y Fclarf`c. (40 oa nagrarc oa 7=4?).O`raftr`fas ae ldtar`d oa hast`öe

ocfulaetdb y crhde`zdf`öe oa drfj`vcs. Wascbuf`öe :06? oab 7=4?

XAG HWDN@D

B`ei; jttps;//www.ycutuga.fcl/wdtfj3
B`ei; jttps;//www.ycutuga.fcl/wdtfj3v<>rFvTWPffXD
v<>rFvTWPffXD  
B`ei tutcr`db L`eoclc; jttps;//ycutu.ga/k_:fuaHPfls
jttps;//ycutu.ga/k_:fuaHPfls  

  G`gb`ctafd v`rtudb VAED @ehrasa d bd gdsa oa odtcs VAED. ]uaoa dffaoar d fcbaff`ceas oa b`grcs,
rav`stds, drtìfubcs, ìeo`fas g`gb`chrän`fcs, rasûlaeas
rasûlaeas y tas`s ae taxtc
t axtc fclpbatc ae `ehbàs y aspdôcb, qua
puaoae sar fcesubtdods oasoa bd rao oab VAED.

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  jttp;//g`gb`ctafd.saed.aou.fc/ odr fb`f ae gdsas oa odtcs y puaoa dffaoar d; a-grdry, Hdba, Hdbà
Faehdha Badre`eh, Cfàdec pdrd dol`e`strdf`öe, Iecvab, Cfàdec ue`vars`tds ]&L, ]rcquast

@ldhae 4. jttps;//lp`etc.fb/`eoax.pjp/7=7=/=4/4>/lco
jttps;//lp`etc.fb/`eoax.pjp/7=7=/=4/4>/lco`n`fdf`ce-oa-jcrdr`c-oab-pdhc-ru
`n`fdf`ce-oa-jcrdr`c-oab-pdhc-rurdb-oa-paes`ceas-
rdb-oa-paes`ceas-
y-sugs`o`cs-ae-euastrd-fclued/  fcesubtdoc ldyc 7=7=
y-sugs`o`cs-ae-euastrd-fclued/

@ldhae 7. jttps;//s`tas.hcchba.fcl/s`ta/awg
jttps;//s`tas.hcchba.fcl/s`ta/awgquastscgrafdlg`csa
quastscgrafdlg`csaeabt`alpc/p
eabt`alpc/prcfasc/bd-b`ead-oab-t`alpc
rcfasc/bd-b`ead-oab-t`alpc
fcesubtdoc dgr`b 7=7= 
7=7= 

@ldhae 6. 
6. jttps;//www.nraap`i.as/nctcs-vaftcras-hrdt`s/lukar-par`co`std
jttps;//www.nraap`i.as/nctcs-vaftcras-hrdt`s/lukar-par`co`std  fcesubtdoc ldyc 7=7=

8. FCE_WCB OAB OCFQLAE_C

Eclgra Fdrhc Oapaeoaef`d Nafjd

Dutcr (as) Narede Dbcesc Fdroced @estruftcr Fccro`edf`öe Fcetdg`b`odo, O`f`algra

n`edezds a @lpuastcs. FVN - 7=40
O`str`tc Fdp`tdb

Kdsgba`oy Fcetrards @estruftcrd Fccro`edf`öe Fcetdg`b`odo, Ldyc 7=7=

Gabträe n`edezds a @lpuastcs. FVN -
O`str`tc Fdp`tdb

O`ded L`rayd Fcrtas rcd  @estruftcrd Fccro`edf`öe Fcetdg`b`odo, Ldyc 7=7=

n`edezds a @lpuastcs. FVN -
O`str`tc Fdp`tdb

^ar`n`fdocras
_àfe`fcs

Wav`s`öe Kdsgba`oy Fcetrards @estruftcrd Fccro`edf`öe Fcetdg`b`odo, O`f`algra

Gabträe n`edezds a @lpuastcs. FVN - 7=40
O`str`tc Fdp`tdb

Dprcgdf`öe Kcrha Aer`qua F`nuaetas Fcro`edocr Fccro`edf`öe Fcetdg`b`odo, Ldyc 7=7=

Gcbdôcs Dfdoàl`fc n`edezds a @lpuastcs. FVN -
O`str`tc Fdp`tdb

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:. FCE_WCB OA FDLG@CV (o`b`haef`dr ûe`fdlaeta s` radb`zd dkustas d bd huìd) 

huìd)  

Eclgra Fdrhc Oapaeoaef`d Nafjd Wdzöe oab

Fdlg`c

Dutcr (as)

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