Episode VI

SHEAR FORCE & BENDING MOMENT

(CONCENTRATED LOAD)
 What you will learn
Uniformly distributed load
I. Equilibrium
II. Shear force
III.Bending moment
IV. Sign conventions
 2𝑘𝑁
𝑥2𝑚 Force (N)
𝑚

Uniformly Distributed Load

Simply Supported Beam
Example 3.3:

i. Draw the free body diagram of the beam

ii. Find the reaction force at A and D
iii. Calculate shear force and bending moment at all points along the beam
iv. Draw shear force and bending moment diagram of the beam
v. Determine the position and the value of the maximum bending moment
Solution ex 3.1:-

Step 1: Draw free body diagram

Step 2: Force equation[simplify the Step 3: Moment equation

diagram]
+ σ 𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑅𝐴 0 + 4 1 + 1 − 𝑅𝐷 4 = 0
8 − 4𝑅𝐷 = 0
−8
𝑅𝐷 =
−4
𝑅𝐷 = 2 𝑘𝑁
෍↑𝐹=෍↓𝐹
Substitute 𝑅𝐷 = 2 𝑘𝑁 into (1)
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐷 = 4 -------(1) 𝑅𝐴 + 2 = 4
𝑅𝐴 =2 kN
Step 4: Shear force value 𝑀𝐷 = 2 4 − 4 1 + 1 = 0 𝑁𝑚
𝑉𝐴 = 2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐵 = 2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐵𝐶 = 2 − 4 = −2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐶 − 2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐷 = −2 + 2 = 0 𝑘𝑁
Step 6: Draw FBD, SFD & BMD
Step 5: Bending Moment value
+ σ 𝑀𝑛 = 0
𝑀𝐴 = 2 0 = 0 𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐵 = 2 1 = 2 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐶 = 2 3 − 4 1 = 2 𝑘𝑁𝑚
Step 6: 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 =?
𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋

2𝑘𝑁 𝑥−1
𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 − 2 𝑘𝑁 𝑥 𝑚 + 𝑥−1 𝑚 𝑚 =0
𝑚 2
𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 − 2𝑥 + 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 − 1 = 0

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 − 2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 = −𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 1 −−−− −(2)

𝑑𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋
= 2𝑥 − 4
𝑑𝑥

2𝑥 − 4 = 0

4
𝑥= = 2𝑚
2

Subs x=2 into eq (2)

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 = −(2)2 + 4 2 − 1

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 3 𝑘𝑁𝑚

∴ 𝐌𝐌𝐀𝐗 = 𝟑 𝐤𝐍𝐦 𝐨𝐜𝐜𝐮𝐫 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐱 = 𝟐𝐦 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐩𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭 𝐀

Example 3.4:

i. Draw the free body diagram of the beam

ii. Find the reaction force at B and E
iii. Calculate shear force and bending moment at all points along the beam
iv. Draw shear force and bending moment diagram of the beam
v. Determine the position and the value of the maximum bending moment
vi. Determine the point of contra flexure
Solution ex 3.4:-

Step 1: Draw free body diagram

Step 2: Force equation[simplify the diagram] 29 − 5𝑅𝐸 = 0

−29
𝑅𝐸 =
−5
𝑅𝐸 = 5.8 𝑘𝑁

Substitute 𝑅𝐸 = 5.8 𝑘𝑁 into (1)

𝑅𝐵 + 5.8 = 14
𝑅𝐵 =8.2 kN

෍↑𝐹=෍↓𝐹

𝑅𝐵 + 𝑅𝐸 = 4 + 2 + 8
𝑅𝐵 + 𝑅𝐸 = 14 -------(1)

Step 3: Moment equation

+ σ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
-4(1)+𝑅𝐵 0 + 2 0.5 + 8(4) − 𝑅𝐸 5 = 0
Step 4: Shear force value
𝑉𝐴 = 0 𝑘𝑁 𝑀𝐶 = −4 2 + 8.2 1 − 2 0.5 = −0.8 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑉𝐴𝐵 = −4 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐵 = −4 + 8.2 = 4.2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐵𝐶 = 4.2 − 2 = 2.2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐶 = 2.2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐷 = 2.2 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐷𝐸 = 2.2 − 8 = −5.8 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐸 = −5.8 + 5.8 = 0 𝑁
𝑀𝐷 = −4 4 + 8.2 3 − 2 2.5 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁𝑚
Step 5: Bending Moment value
+ σ 𝑀𝑛 = 0

𝑀𝐴 = 0 𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐷 = −4 6 + 8.2 5 − 2 4.5 − 8(1) = 0 𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐵 = −4 1 = −4 𝑘𝑁𝑚
Step 6: Draw FBD, SFD & BMD Step 7: Find 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 =? To find the c/f point, refers to the
intersection point on the x-axis

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋

4𝑘𝑁 𝑥−5
𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 + 6 𝑥 − 1.5 𝑘𝑁𝑚 − 8.2 𝑥 − 2 𝑘𝑁𝑚 + 𝑥−5 𝑚 =0
𝑚 2

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 + 6𝑥 − 9 − 8.2𝑥 + 16.4 + 2 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 25 = 0

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 + 6𝑥 − 9 − 8.2𝑥 + 16.4 + 2𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 50 = 0

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 + 2𝑥 2 − 22.2𝑥 + 57.4 = 0

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 = −2𝑥 2 + 22.2𝑥 − 57.4 -------------(2)

𝑑𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋
= −4𝑥 + 22.2
𝑑𝑥

−4𝑥 + 22.2 = 0

−22.2
𝑥= = 5.55𝑚
−4

Subs x=5.55 into eq (2)

𝑀𝑀𝐴𝑋 = −2 5.55 2 + 22.2(5.55) − 57.4 =4.205 kNm

∴ 𝑴𝑴𝑨𝑿 =4.205 kNm occur when x=5.55m from point A

Step 8: Find contra flexure point
To find the c/f point, refers to the
intersection point on the x-axis

𝑀𝐶/𝐹

෍ 𝑀𝑐/𝑓 = 0

𝑀𝑐/𝑓 + 6 𝑥 − 1.5 − 8.2 𝑥 − 2 = 0

𝑀𝑐/𝑓 + 6𝑥 − 9 − 8.2𝑥 + 16.4 = 0
𝑀𝑐/𝑓 − 2.2𝑥 + 7.4 = 0
𝑀𝑐/𝑓 = 2.2𝑥 − 7.4
2.2𝑥 − 7.4=0
7.4
𝑥= = 3.364 𝑚
2.2

∴ 𝑴𝒄/𝒇 𝒐𝒄𝒄𝒖𝒓 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒙 = 𝟑. 𝟑𝟔𝟒 𝒎 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝑨

LET’S TEST YOUR
KNOWLEDGE
 SELF ASSESSMENTS
1. The beam shown below is supported at A and roller at C.
i. Draw the free body diagram of the beam
ii. Find the reaction force at B and E
iii. Calculate shear force and bending moment at all points along the beam
iv. Draw shear force and bending moment diagram of the beam
v. Determine the position and the value of the maximum bending
moment
vi. Determine the point of contra flexure
 SELF ASSESSMENTS
2. The beam shown below is supported at A and roller at C.
i. Draw the free body diagram of the beam
ii. Find the reaction force at B and E
iii. Calculate shear force and bending moment at all points along the beam
iv. Draw shear force and bending moment diagram of the beam
v. Determine the position and the value of the maximum bending
moment
vi. Determine the point of contra flexure
 SELF ASSESSMENTS
Answer:
1.
 SELF ASSESSMENTS
Answer:
2.