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TLE 10 TD 3.docx Final
TLE 10 TD 3.docx Final
Module 3
DRAFTING ARCHITECTURAL LAYOUT AND DETAILS
Introduction
This course introduces the different learning activities that will prepare you to be skillful
before you take the plunge into the world of work as draftsman and to feel more confident while
providing support where needed.
This module is specifically crafted to focus on Process and Delivery enriched with
hands on activities that will assess your level in terms of skills and knowledge. Learning
procedures are divided into different sections such as: What to Know, What to Process, What
to Reflect and Understand and What to Transfer
So, explore and experience the lessons in Architectural Layout and Details and be a step
closer to being a draftsman.
Objectives:
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in the space
provided before each number.
D 1.A drawing tool used to draw horizontal lines and serves as guide for
triangles.
a. protractor b. ruler c. triangles d. T-square
D 2. An instrument used for drawing vertical and oblique lines.
a. protractor b. ruler c. tape rule d. triangles
A 3. The best instrument used for dividing lines or distance into equal
parts. a. compass b. divider c. protractor d. ruler
B 4. A flat piece of plastic with standard symbols and used as guide
for drawing images on plans.
a French curve b. templates c. triangles d. T-square
A 5. It is used in setting a line degree angle.
a. compass b. divider c. protractor d. ruler
B 6. An area of land for construction or the lot on which a building
is constructed.
a. corner lot b. open lot c. site d. through lot
A 7. Is a lot bounded on all sides by streets or pathways.
a. corner lot b. inside lot c. open lot d. through lot
A 8. Is a lot with at least two adjacent sides meeting on a corner of two
sides. a. corner lot b. inside lot c. open lot d. through lot
My goals are:
Goal 4
Goal 3
Goal 2
Goal 1
My targets are:
T
arget 2
T
arget 1
arget 3
After raising your awareness about the learning goals and targets that you are supposed
to achieve, are you now ready to move on with this module? This will include topics on the
preparation of architectural job requirements, preparing and setting-up tools and materials,
drafting different plans such as: site development plan, floor plan, roof plan, ceiling plan, drafting
elevations and sections and performing presentation drawings.
Well, have some fun in reading prepared lessons, the activities and enrichment
activities for your reflection and better understanding of the lesson. Challenge yourself by
performing related activities to determine if you have attained the required knowledge and skills
in a particular learning outcome. Enjoy reading…
This lesson is designed in order that the student may be able to prepare and familiarize
with the different things needed in preparing the requirements of a simple residential house plan.
Skills Assessment
Direction: Listed below are some of the most important skills that you must gain in order to draft
a quality floor plan. On the right side of the matrix lists the skills expected of you to master. Rate
yourself by checking “Not much”, if you are not so familiar yet, “A little” and/or “A lot”, if you are
already familiar with the skills. Don’t feel bad if you checked “Not Much” in all of the skills.
Keep in mind that this is being administered to determine your pre-entry knowledge of and skills
on the lesson to be presented.
Lighting layout - an electrical plan that shows the flow of house lightings.
Location Plan- is the top view of the site or lot where the proposed house
will built.
Power & Auxiliary layout- an electrical plan that shows the location of the
Convenience outlet and other auxiliary outlet in the floor plan.
Roof Plan- is one showing the outline of the roof and the major object.
Roof Framing Plan- a structural framing plan of the roof plan with
complete specification.
Section- is the view showing the inside part of the building either in cross
section or longitudinal section.
Site Development Plan or Lot Plan- refers to the position and the location of the building
with property line, setbacks, approaches, grade contours, landscape and other pertinent
data in relation to the site.
Storm Drainage System- shows the flow of water waste from the lavatory,
floor drain, and downspout from the roof to storm drainage.
Architectural Drafting Tools, Materials and Equipment, Their Uses and Care
Most architectural drafting works generally consist of freehand and mechanical drawings.
In this module, you will learn how to prepare all drafting tools, materials, and equipment needed
for the job.
It is presumed that all students like you are already aware of the tools and materials
needed in drafting works considering your learning in the previous year level. However, it is still
necessary that you will review the past lesson to help you prepare for higher drafting activity.
Architectural drafting tools, materials and equipment
A. Tools:
1. T-square - used to draw horizontal lines and serves as guides for triangles. 2.
Triangle - an instrument used for drawing vertical and oblique lines. 3. Drawing
Pencil - one of the most important tool of a draftsman in drawing. 4. Erasing
shield - a thin sheet of metal used when erasing pencil and inked lines to protect
other drawing lines.
5. Protractor - it is used in setting a line degree angle.
6. Triangular Scale - a tool used to enlarged or reduced measurement and
distances to a regular proportion in the drawing paper.
7. French curve - a flat drafting instrument with curved edges and several scroll
shaped cutouts, used as a guide in drawing irregular curves when constructing
graphs or making technical drawings.
8. Penknife or Pencil Sharpener – shapes long pencil lead into a conical shape
points.
9. Compass - used to draw arcs and circles.
10. Dusting brush – a tool used for dusting and cleaning drawings with dust and
crumbs.
11. Technical Pen - a pen used for inking lines in drawing. It comes in different
points/sizes.
12. Templates - a flat piece of plastic with standard symbols and used as guide
for drawing architectural images on plans.
13. Ruler - it is the most popular type of tool for measuring sizes and short
distances.
14. Divider - an instrument used when transferring measurements, dividing lines,
arcs into the desired number of equal parts.
B. Materials:
1. Tracing paper - thin transparent paper used for reproduction in
blueprint. 2. Masking tape - used to hold and fasten drawing paper on the
drawing board. 3. Eraser - used to remove smears of pencil and ink lines
4. Sandpaper Block - serves as substitute instrument in sharpening a
pencil into desired points.
C. Equipment:
1. Drawing board/table – a board made of soft wood but with cleats of hard wood
where the drawing paper is fastened with a draftsman’s tape.
2. Drawing stool - a basic tool in drafting use is to give some height for the
drafting table on the user when drawing.
3. Drafting machine - a high technology machine for drawing purposes.
How did you find the given information? Which among the architectural drafting tools,
materials, and equipment matters to you most? Well, you are just starting, move forward to
enrich your understanding. Enjoy this simple activity. Have fun!
The importance, uses and maintenance procedure of these tools, materials and
equipment has been discussed in the previous module (Exploratory Phase). It is presumed
therefore, that you are now ready for a series of drafting activities.
Suggested Activity 1
Directions: Below are sample pictures of different drafting tools, materials and equipment
required in the preparation of architectural layout and details. Name the tool, materials or
equipment based on the specific tasks by writing it on the space
provided for.
Tasks/Uses Drafting Tool Equipment
Used when drawing horizontal lines t-square
and support triangles when drawing
vertical lines
Used to enlarged or reduced
measurement and distances to a triangular scales
regular proportion in the drawing
paper
A flat piece of plastic with standard
symbols used as guide for drawing template
architectural images on plans
Used in drawing arcs and circles compass
Used when removing/cleaning eraser
excess construction lines and
smudges in a drawing
Used when drawing vertical and triangle
oblique lines
The architectural working drawings together with the specifications are the most
important parts of working plans. Information on the designs, locations, and dimensions of the
elements of a building is found on the architectural working drawings while information on the
quality of materials and sizes is found in the specifications. A good architectural working
drawing gives the contractor the exact information he needs. Therefore, it must be made clear,
simple, orderly arranged, and accurately drawn so that scaled measurements will match with
the actual structure.
The finished drawings made by the architect, or a draftsman and used by the contractor
are called architectural working drawings. The architectural working drawings, together with the
specifications and the general conditions, form the legal contract between the owner and the
contractor. Since working drawings are the major portion of the contract documents, they should
be accurately drawn.
As beginner, it is important that you should be able to understand, identify tools and
materials used in working drawings and fully understand the standard procedure in lay-outing
and detailing architectural working plans and drawings.
1. Architectural sheets:
A. Sheet # 1 - Title page and index (Exterior Perspective, Site Development Plan or
Plot Plan, and Vicinity Map or Location Plan is often included in the plan).
Perspective
A graphic representation of the view as seen by the eyes or it shows the appearance of
the finished building. This drawing represents the actual, in three-dimensional form of the
proposed building. (See sample perspective below).
Site Development Plan
Site Development Plan is the outline and measurements of the proposed building and its
placement on the property. This shows the position and the location of the building with property
line, setbacks, approaches, grade contours, landscape, and other pertinent data in relation to the
site. A site development plan is drawn using a scale not smaller than 1:200 meters so that other
features found in the plan will not be greatly affected.
Location Plan The top view of the site or lot where the proposed house will be built. It shows
the position of the house inside the lot, the number of the adjacent lots, streets or lanes before
or beside the lot, and the North sign. The location plan is usually located near the title block.
The main line symbol of the North sign is generally parallel to the side border line of the drawing
paper and points upward.
Suggested Activity 2
Directions: Given a drawing paper (as provided by the teacher), draw simple proposed Location
Plan and Site Development Plan. Observe boarder line and title block following architectural
drafting standards. Use the given scoring rubrics below for your assessment.
Directions: Below is a tool for evaluating your finished drawing of location plan and site
development plan. Assess yourself using the criteria and rating scale listed below for grading
purposes.