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Website : www.onlinemajdoor.com
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ljleGg v]ns'bx¿df ljhoL x'g] b]phfufp“ cfwf/e"t ljBfnosf
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ 5fqj[lQ tyf k'/:sf/ ljt/0f k|dv ' cltlyaf6 ePsf] lyof] .
snf sfo{zfnf ;DkGg
eQmk' / , ( k' ; . g] k fn sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfOPsf]
qmflGtsf/L ;f+ : s[ l ts ;ª\ 3 sf] 5 .
cfof]hgfdf b'O{lbg] snf sfo{zfnf snfsf/nfO{ :tflng / n]lggsf]
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljZjsf dxfg\ 5f]6f] kl/rokl5 sfo{zfnfsf] ;'?jft
gfosåo :tflng / n]lggsf] hGdlbgsf] ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :tflng /
cj;/df pQm snf sfo{zfnf ;DkGg n]lggsf] d'xf/ lrq agfOPsf] lyof] .
ePsf] xf] . 8«O· k]lG;nn] dfq d'xf/sf] lrq
k'; ^ / & ut] ePsf] b'Ol{ bg] sf]l/Psf] lyof] . klxnf] lbg tLg
sfo{zfnfdf !# hgf snfsf/sf] 306fsf] :tflngsf] d'xf/ lrq sf]l/Psf]
pkl:ylt /x]sf] cfof]hs ;ldltn] lyof] eg] bf];f| ] lbg n]lggsf] d'xf/ lrq
hgfPsf] 5 . zf]lift kLl8t hgtfsf] agfOPsf] lyof] . b'a} d'xf/ lrqsf] ;fOh
aLr k'u/] hgtfsf] ;d:of tyf /fHodf !!÷!^ OGrsf] sf6]h{ k]k/df agfOPsf]
eO/x]sf] c/fhg}lts ultljlwsf sf/0f lyof] . sfo{qmddf eQmk'/ lhNnfsf
hgtfn] ef]Ub} cfPsf b'Mv si6nfO{ ljleGg ljBfnodf cWoog/t ljBfyL{sf]
;dfKt kfg{] dxfk'?ifsf] ;Demgf:j?k ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .
 /fli6«o #
!) k'; @)&& (25 Dec. 2020)

;ª\lIfKt ;dfrf/
;xsf/L a}°sf] shf{ ca &=% k|ltzt
nlntk'/, ( k'; . /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}° lnld6]8n] ;b:o ;xsf/L
;+:yfx?nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ shf{sf] Aofh 36fP/ Go"gtd & bzdnj % k|ltzt
sfod u/]sf] 5 . ut ebf}df l;+un l8lh6sf] shf{ agfPsf] a}°n] k'; !)
ut]bl] v nfu' x'g] u/L gof“ $ j6f shf{sf k|sf/ tof/ u/L To;sf]
AofhGo"gdt & bzdnj % k|ltzt sfod u/]sf] xf] . shf{sf gof“ k|sf/
;jn ;xsf/L shf{, ul/aL lgjf/0f shf{, cNksfnLg Joj;flos shf{ /
Joj;flos ls:tfaGbL shf{ sfod u/L & bzdnjj % b]lv b]lv (
bzdnj % ;Dd sfod ul/Psf] 5 . a}°sf] a'waf/ ;DkGg ;~rfns
;ldltsf] a}7sn] shf{sf] Aofhb/ sd ug's { f ;fy} Joj:yfkg z'Nsdf
;d]t kl/dfh{g u/]sf] 5 . rfn' k'h “ L shf{df ) bzdnj &% / cGo
shf{df ) bzdnj % k|ltzt lnb} cfPsf] a}°n] ;a} shf{df Joj:yfkg
z'Ns ) bzdnj % sfod u/]sf] 5 . a}°n] shf{sf] Jofhb/ 36fP klg
artsf] Aofhb/ eg] 36fPsf] 5}g . ;xsf/L If]qsf] s'g} klg ;ª\3 ;+:yfn]
Aofhsf] sf/0f shf{sf] nflu cGo lgsfodf hfg'kg]{ cj:yf x6fpg] /
;+/lIft k“'hL lkmtf{ sf]ifsf] kmfObf / dxŒj cg"e"lt;d]t u/fpg a}°
k|of;/t /x]sf] a}°sf cWoIf s]=aL= pk|t] Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . /f;;

7]sb] f/nfO{ gf} k6s kq lb“bf

klg ag]g gfUd–udu9L ;8s pv' sf6\ b } ls;fg
z'Snfkmf“6f gu/kflnsfsf] hf]gfk'/sf ls;fg pv' sf6\b} . pv' sf6\g ls;fgnfO{ r6f/f] 5 . t:jL/ M /fh]Gb|k;| fb kg]?, /f;;
sfnLsf]6, ( k'; . gfUd–udu9L /fhdfu{sf] ;'?b]lv !# lsnf]ld6/sf]
sfd kf“r jif{df ;d]t x'g g;s]kl5 l8lehg ;8s sfof{non] lgdf{0f
sDkgL lxNb'ª P08 yf]s/– xL/f gldtf h]eLnfO{ clGtd kq sf6]sf] 5 .

lgb]z
sfof{no k|dv' nLnfaxfb'/ e08f/Ln] af“sL sfd ;'? ug{ k6sk6ssf]
{ g c6]/ u/]kl5 h]eLnfO{ gjf+} k6s kq sfl6Psf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
cn}r“ Lsf] d"Noj[l4 gx'b“ f ls;fgnfO{ lk/nf]
;'?' cftL laGb'af6 !# lsdLdf kf“r jif{cl3 ;'? ul/Psf] sfd cem} ;lsPsf] Onfd, ( k'; . kxf8L If]qsf] /fhs'df/ e§/fO{ eGg'x'G5 . kxn ug{ cfjZos 5Æ, cn}“rLsf] kxf8L e"efudf k|z:t} pTkfbg
5}g . aLr}df sfd 5f8]/ uPsf] ;f] lgdf{0f sDkgLnfO{ oxL k'; @ ut] d'Vo cfDbfgLsf] ;|ft] dflgPsf] cn}r “ Ln] efp 36] klg km]l/ a9\nf ls sf/f]af/ ub}{ cfpg'ePsf :yfgLo a'4 x'g] cn}r“ Lsf] ahf/Ls/0f / d"Nodf
sfd ug{ egL clGtd kq sfl6Psf] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . eg]h:tf] d"No gkfp“bf cn}r “ L s[ifs eGg] cf;n] cn}r “ L v]tLnfO{ eg] oxf“sf bfxfn eGg'x'G5 . ;'wf/ ug{ ;s] d'ns ' sf] cy{tGqdf 7"nf]
lj;+ @)&# j}zfv !# ut] ;f] sDkgLnfO{ klxnf] kq lbOPsf] lyof] . lrlGtt 5g\ . s] x L jif{ otfb] l v ls;fgn] lg/Gt/tf lbO/x]sf 5g\ t/ xfn;Dd g] k fndf pTkflbt 6]jf k'Ug] / cfkm"x¿nfO{ ;d]t kmfObf
;Demf}tf /sd ?= !) s/f]8 !# nfv cf7 xhf/ !#) dWo] ? ;ft s/f]8 (^ cn}r “ Lsf] d"Nodf qmdzM ptf/r9fj cn}r
“ Lsf] ahf/Ls/0f / d"Nodf tTsfn cn}r“ L ef/tafx]ssf cGo d'ns ' x¿df k'Ug] cn}“rL ls;fgsf] egfO 5 . otf
nfv !@ xhf/ e'QmfgL eO;s]sf] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . sDkgLsf cflwsfl/s cfO/x]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] cn}“rL s'g} ;'wf/ x'g] ;ª\s]t b]lv“b}g . ef/t l;w} lgof{t x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . clxn] ef/tafx]ssf d'n'sdf ;d]t l;w}
k|ltlglw gGbnfn >]i7n] sfd ;'? ul/g] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . /f;; d'l:snn] laqmL u/]sf ls;fgn] of] jif{ afx]ssf t];f| ] d'ns ' df l;w} lgof{t x'g] tfKn]hª' df k|ltdgsf] ?=@% xhf/ %)) lgof{tsf] jftfj/0f agfO{ ahf/Ls/0fdf
gof“ pTkfbg;“u} efp a9\g] cfzf u/]sf jftfj/0f gaGbf;Dd d"Nodf ;'wf/ x'g] sf b/n] lsga]r eO/x]sf] 5 . uPsf] ;xhtf Nofpg cfjZos ePsf]
klZrdL jfo'sf] k|efjn] afSnf] x':;' lyP t/ ahf/df gof“ pTkfbg n}hf“bf
utjif{sf] eGbfklg sd d"No kfPkl5
;ª\st] gb]lvPsf] cn}r “ L Joj;foLn]
atfPsf 5g\ . æPp6} dfq ahf/sf]
jif{ k|ltdg ?= @^ b]lv @& xhf/sf
b/n] cn}“rLsf] sf/f]af/ ePsf] lyof] .
ls;fgx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . jiff}{“b]lv
cn} “ r Lsf] d" N odf cfO/xg]
sf7df8f},“ ( k'; . klZrdL jfo'sf] k|efjn] b]zsf clwsf+z e"efudf yk lg/fzf 5fPsf] 5 . e/ kg{k' 5{, ef/tsf Jofkf/Ln] hlt rf/ jif{cl3 k|ltdg ?= Ps nfveGbf ptf/r9fjnfO{ /f]Sb} d"Nodf Ps¿ktf
x':;' nfu]sf] 5 . hn tyf df};d lj1fg ljefusf cg';f/ d'n'se/ rf/ jif{cl3 k|ltdg -$) lsnf]_ d"No eG5g\ ToxL d"Nodf cn}“rLsf] a9L d"Nodf sf/f]af/ ePkl5 lhNnfsf Nofpg / ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu ;/sf/n]
klZrdL jfo'sf] k|efjn] laxfgLkv sf7df8f}“ pkTosfnufotdf x':;' nfu]sf] ? Ps nfveGbf a9Ldf cn}r “ L a]Rg sf/f]af/ ug{k' g]{ afWotf 5, d"Nodf clwsf+z ls;fgn] wfg, ds}nufotsf yk kxn u/] cfkm"x¿sf] ;d:of
5 . klZrdL jfo'sf] k|efjn] cem} Psb'O{ lbg sf7df8f}“ pkTosf;lxt kfp“bf kxf8L If]qsf cn}“rL s[ifs l:y/tf x'b“ g} , /fHon] o;sf] ahf/Ls/0f cGg pTkfbg x'g] v]taf/L df;]/ cn}r“ L ;dfwfg x'g] s[ifsx¿sf] egfO 5 .
b]zsf clwsf+z :yfgdf laxfg x':;' nfUg] df};dljb\ k|ltef dfgGw/n] pT;flxt lyP . ToxL ;dodf cn}“rL / d"Nosf] Ps¿ktfsf nflu ljz]if /f]k]sf lyP . /f;;
atfpg'eof] . ædWofx\gkl5 x':;' qmdzM 36]/ 3fd nfUg] 5Æ, dfgGw/n] v]tLdf nufgL klg a9fP t/ csf]{
eGg'eof] . xfn u08sL, jfUdtL, s0ff{nL tyf ;'b/" klZrd k|bz] df cf+lzs
abnL /xL af“sL e"efudf df};d ;fdfGotof ;kmf 5 . k|bz
jfUdtL k|bz
] g+ ! /
] sf kxf8L e"efudf ck/fx\g cf+lzs abnL /xL af“sL e"efudf
jif{bl] v qmdzM d"No 36]kl5 C0f lnP/
cn}r “ Ldf nufgL u/]sf ls;fg PsfPs
lg/fz ag] . æefp a9] / ? Ps
s'v/' fkfns ls;fgn] kfpg yfn] plrt d"No
df};d ;kmf /xg] atfOPsf] 5 . df};dk"jf{gd' fg dxfzfvfsf] kl5Nnf] nfveGbf dfly k'uk] l5 To;} jif{ C0f –gf/fo0f clwsf/L÷/f;; laqmL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn c08f 5 .
ljj/0fcg';f/ cfh sf7df8f}“ pkTosfsf] Go"gtd tfkqmd # bzdnj ^ lnP/ cn}r “ Ldf nufgL yk],“ wfg ds} lrjtg, ( k'; . nfdf] ;dob]lv pTkfbs ;ª\ 3 sf s] G b| L o cWoIf g] k fn bfgf c08f ljt/s
l8u|L / clwstd tfkqmd !( bzdnj @ l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 . To:t} kmNg] v]taf/L df;]/ cn}r gf]S;fg Joxf]/s
“ L /f]k,“] t/ ] f s'v/' fkfns ls;fg lzj/fd s];Lsf cg';f/ c08fsf] ;ª\3sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf t]hgf/fo0f
lalxaf/ ;a}eGbf sd h'Dnfsf] Go"gtd tfkqmd dfOg; # bzdnj $ eg] h:tf] efp gcfp“bf nufgL klg cfÇgf] pTkfbgn] d"No kfpg yfn]kl5 nfut d"No ?= !!=%# xf] . ls;fgn] kf08]sf cg';f/ tof/L df;' k|ltlsnf]
l8u|L / ;a}eGbf w]/} ¿kGb]xL, e}/xjfsf] Go"gtd tfkqmd % bzdnj % To;} v]/ uof], cGgkft klg lsg]/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . nfdf] ;dokl5 c08fsf] plrt d"No ?= ##) df laqmL ePsf] 5 . ls;fgn]
l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 . /f;; hf]xf] ug{k' g]{ cj:yf cfof]Æ, l;l/hª\3f sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmd0fsf sf/0f ahf/ kfPsf] s];Ln] atfpg'eof] . tLg jif{ lhp“bf] s'v/' fsf] kmfd{ d"No ?= @!)
ufp“kflnsf–& v]jfªsf cn}r k|efljt x'b“ f ls;fgn] nfut d"NoeGbf
“ L s[ifs cl3 k|ltqm]6 ?= #^) k'us ] f] c08f sf]] xf/fxf/Ldf kfPsf 5g\ . nfut
sddf laqmL ug{k' /]sf] lyof] . s'v/' fsf] qmdzM 36]/ nfut d"NoeGbf lgs} d"NoeGbf a9L ePsf] pxf“n] hfgsf/L
c08f, df;' / rNnfsf] nfut d"NoeGbf sddf em/]sf] lyof] . lbg'eof] .
ePg nf]kf]Gd'v /}yfg] afnL pTkfbg / ahf/Ls/0f a9Ldf ls;fgn] laqmL ug{ kfP;“u}
nfeflGjt ePsf x'g\ . sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmd0fsf]
sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmd0fsf] ;dodf
;d]t /f]u k|lt/f]wL Ifdtf a9\g] ePsfn]
sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmd0fsf] ;dodf
lhp“bf] s'v/' f ?= () k|ltlsnf]df laqmL
l;dsf]6, ( k'; . pRr lxdfnL lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;dsf]6nufotsf atfpg' e of] . pxf“ n ] eGg' e of] , a]nf em08} kf“r dlxgf rNnf pTkfbg o;sf] vkt a9] s f] pxf“ n ] ug{ ls;fg afWo ePsf lyP . s'v/' f
lhNnf x' D nfdf k/Dk/fut¿kdf kfos kg]{ :yfgdf sf];n] L 3/ :yfkgf ænf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfsf /}yfg] afnLnfO{ u/]/ klg gi6 u/]sf x\ofr/L pBf]un] atfpg'eof] . c08fsf] d"No c¿ a9\g] glas]kl5 nfdf] ;do kfNg afWo x'b“ f
:yfgLo ;d'bfon] v]tL ub}{ cfPsf] /}yfg] ug]{ / /}yfg] afnLsf] ljljwLs/0fsf gof“ s[ l if sfo{ q mddfkm{ t k| j 4{ g rNnfsf] plrt d"No kfPsf 5g\ . ls;fgsf] ck]Iff 5 . xfn b]ze/df ls;fgn] 7"nf] gf]S;fg Joxf]g{'k/]sf]
afnLsf] ahf/Ls/0f;DaGwL kxn ul/g] nflu lhNnfsf ;ftj6} :yfgLo tx;lxt ug]{5f}F . o;n] s'kf]if0faf6 d'Qm x'g g]kfn x\ofr/L pBf]u ;ª\3sf b'O{ xhf/ &)) ls;fg k|ToIf¿kdf lyof] . sltko ls;fg lj:yflkt;d]t
ePsf] 5 . a' w af/ ;/f] s f/jfnf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfon] ;dGjosf/L tyf dflg;sf] :jf:Yo /fd|f] agfpg s]Gb|Lo cWoIf 6Lsf/fd kf]v/]nsf c08f pTkfbgdf ;+nUg 5g\ . b}lgs ePsf] kf08]sf] egfO 5 . pxf“n]
lgsfo;“u s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{k' g]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] d2t k'Ub5 .Æ cg';f/ cfh pBf]un] ?= &) k|ltuf]6f c08fsf] pTkfbg #) nfvb]lv #@ eGg'eof], æs'v/' f kfNg] ls;fgsf] nfut
a;]sf] ;dGjofTds a}7sn] lhNnfdf sfof{no k|d'v v8\sfn] hfgsf/L /}yfg] afnLsf] pTkfbg a9fO{ a|fo] n/ rNnf laqmL u/]sf 5g\ . pxf“sf nfv;Dd /x]sf] ;ª\3sf] tYof° 5 . d"NoeGbf a9L cfDbfgL xf];\ eg]/ xfdLn]
nf]kf]Gd'v /}yfg] afnLnufot cGo lbg'eof] . ahf/Ls/0fdf s[ifsnfO{ ;xof]u ul/g] cg';f/ sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmd0fsf] ;dodf sf]/f]gf ;ª\qmd0fsf] ;dodf lgs} 36]sf] cfd hgtfnfO{ df;' / c08fsf] af/]df
afnLsf] ;+ / If0f, pTkfbg / lhNnfdf /}yfg] afnL sf]bf], ePsf] 5 . o;} s f] dfWodaf6 em08} kf“r dlxgf rNnf laqmL geP/ s'v/' fsf] df;'sf] d"No clxn] a9]sf] k|rf/k|;f/ ;d]t u/]sf 5f}“ .Æ
ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu 5nkmn ul/Psf] kmfk/, lrgf], sfu'gf], df;L{, cfn', nf]kf]Gd'v /}yfg] afnL k|j4{g–;+/If0f gi6 ug{'k/]sf] lyof] . To:t} n]o;{sf]
5 .
lhNnfdf pTkflbt /}yfg] afnL
wfgnufotsf] ;+/If0fsf ;fy} s[ifsn]
pTkfbg u/] s f oL afnLsf]
ug]{ sfo{qmd agfOg] ePsf] 5 . /}yfg] rNnf k|ltuf]6f ?= !@% / a|fo] n/sf]
afnL pTkfbg u/L Kofs]lhª / a|flG8ª ?= &) df laqmL eO/x]sf] 5 . ls;fgn]
lgcf] km\oh' gdf a'9fgLns07
s;/L hf] u fpg ;lsG5, o;sf] ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu sf];]nL 3/sf] u/L ahf/df ;lhn} pknAw u/fpg] rNnf /fVg yfn]kl5 laqmL x'g yfn]sf]
ahf/Ls/0f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 / lhNnf
aflx/af6 cfofltt vfBfGgsf]
Go"gLs/0f u/L lhNnfd} pTkfbg ePsf
Joj:yf ul/g] ePsf] 5 . kf]if0fsf
b[li6n] dxŒjk"0f{ dflgPsf /}yfg] afnLdf
sfu'gf], sf]bf], lrgf], kmfk/, n§], pjf,
x]t'sf ;fy ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo;“u xf] .
a'waf/ of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf]
xf] .
g]kfndf #@$ j6f x\ofr/L
pBf]u 5g\ . xfn ;ftfdf #) b]lv
OlG:6Ro'6sf] e|d0f
eQmk'/, ( k'; . lgcf] km\oh ' g :s"n ckm sDKo'6/df ;L6LO{eL6Laf6
/}yfg] afnLnfO{ pkef]Qmfsf] 3/ 3/df l;dL, df;L{nufotsf afnL ahf/sf] lhNnfsf ufp“ u fp“ d f cGg #% nfv a|fo] n/ rNnf pTkfbg x'g] ;DaGwg k|fKt a'9fgLns07 OlG:6Ro'6, a'9fgLns07 sf7df8f“s } f ;~rfnsx¿n]
k'¥ofpg] / lhNnf aflx/sf] dfunfO{ vf]hLsf nflu s[lif ljsf; sfof{no vf8ndf xfn]/ /fVg] t/ lhNnf aflx/sf] ub{5 . o;sf] dfu $) nfveGbf dfly cWoog e|d0f u/] . lgcf] km\o'hg :s"n ckm sDKo'6/n] cfkm\g} nufgLdf
s;/L k"lt{ ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf nflu kg] { ePsf] k| d ' v v8\ s fn] s'kf]lift vfgfsf] k|of]u a9]sfn] o;nfO{ /x]sf] kf]v/]nsf] egfO 5 . pTkfbg eQmk'/sf k|lzIffyL{x¿nfO{ lbOPsf] lgMz'Ns tflndx¿af/] 5nkmn ug{ eQmk'/d}
5nkmn ul/Psf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . Go"gLs/0f ub}{ lhNnfd} pTkfbg ePsf] sd ePsf sf/0f d"No a9L x'b“ f klg Psdfq ;L6LO{eL6Laf6 ;DaGwg k|fKt OlG:6Ro'6n] u/]sf] ljleGg sDKo'6/;“u
sfof{ n o x' D nfsf sfof{ n o k| d ' v kf] i f0fsf] b[ l i6n] dxŒjk" 0 f{ /}yfg] afnLaf6 ag]sf kf]lifnf] vfgfnfO{ ;f]r] hlt d'gfkmf lng eg] g;lsPsf] ;DalGwt sf];x{ ¿af/] hfgsf/L lng] p2]Zon] pQm cWoog e|d0f ul/Psf] xf] .
avtaxfb' / v8\ s fn] hfgsf/L dflgPsf] t/ clxn] x'DnLsf] efG5fdf lbp“;f] gf:tf÷vfhfsf ¿kdf k|of]u pxf“sf] egfO 5 . pTkfbg /fd|f] x'“bf sDKo'6/ tflnd;“u} pknAw ul/Psf] ljleGg lgMz'Ns tflnd, lrqsnf, d"lt{snf,
lbg'eof] . sd} k|of]u x'g] u/]sfn] /}yfn] afnLnfO{ ug{k' g]{ tyf ljBfnodf ljBfyL{nfO{ lbjf a|fo] n/ rNnfsf] nfut d"No ?= %^ sfi7snf, g]jf/L lnlk, kmf]6f]u|fkmL, lel8of]u|fkmL, l:qmg lk|G6, Ao'l6kfn{/,
/}yfg] afnL ;+/If0fsf nflu nf]k k|j4{g Pj+ ;+/If0f ug{ s[lif ljsf; vfhfsf ¿kdf klg /}yfg] afnLsf] k|of]u kg]{ ;ª\3sf] tYof°df pNn]v 5 . kqsfl/tf, lwd] afhf, wf“ afhf, xfdf]l{ god, lutf/, tanf, af“;/' L, gf6s,
x' g nfu] s f :yfgLo pTkfbgnfO{ sfof{no x'Dnfn] ks]6 If]q 5gf]6 ug]{ ug{'kg]{ vfk{'gfy ufp“kflnsf cWoIf c08fsf] d"No klg a9]sf] 5 . g[Tosnf, df]afOndd{t, :sfp6 tflnd cflbsf] Joj:yfkgaf/] e|d0f 6f]nLn]
k|yfldstf lbg], ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu ePsf] sfof{ n o k| d ' v v8\ s fn] s0f{axfb'/ /fjnn] atfpg'eof] . /f;; xfn k|ltqm]6 -#) uf]6f_ ?= #$% df rf;f] lnPsf] lyof] ./f;;
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. ;DkfbsLo . pRr k|ljlwdf rLgsf] 5nfª / cd]l/sfsf] hng ¤

psfl;g g;s]sf] xfn}dfq ljZj Jofkf/ ;·7gsf]
" /fhg
lrlgof“ ;/sf/n] pRr k|ljlwsf] h;n] Jofkf/ / nufgLsf] ;§f 3/]n' ljsf; 9f“ r fsf] lgdf{ 0 fsf nflu
/fhgLlts ;+:sf/ dd{ljk/Lt ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfn]
lrlgof“ ;]gfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu x'g;Sg]
eg]/ rLgdfly ljleGg pRr k|ljlwo'Qm
ljsf;df ljut b'O{ bzsdf pNn]vgLo
;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)%)
;Dddf rLgn] lj1fg / gjLgtfdf
pkef]u vr{af6 ;~rfng ug{ /
‘dWod ;d[4 ;dfh’ lgdf{0f ug{
k| f ] T ;flxt ub{ 5 . lrlgof“
dxŒjk"0f{ ;xof]u’ sf] ¿kdf cfx\jfg
u/]sf] 5 .
;g\ @)!^ b] l v
;+ljwfgn] jfs\ :jtGqtf ;'lglZrt u/]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f gful/s dfOqmf] lrK;h:tf j:t'sf] lgof{tdf ‘ljZj u'?’ aGg] nIo /fv]sf] 5 . sf/vfgfx¿df ljZjsf] clwsf+z :df6{ ljZjJofkL¿kdf ;~rfngdf cfPsf]
cfkm\gf] wf/0ff /fVg :jtGq 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn cfh gful/sn] cfkm\gf
wf/0ff JoQm ug]{ k|efjzfnL dfWod ag]sf] 5 . k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ug]{ k|ltaGw nufPsf] 5 . o;sf] k5fl8 ;g\ @)!% df ‘d]8 Og rfOgf @)@%’ kmf]gx¿, sDKo'6/ / On]S6«fl] gS; j:t' ;a}eGbf w]/} cf}Bf]lus /f]af]6 rLgsf]
k|wfgdGqLsf] lg0f{oaf/] g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf] k|ltlqmofnfO{ lnP/ rLgsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] tLj|tfnfO{ 3f]if0ff ul/of], /f]af]l6S;, Po/f]:k]; lgdf{ 0 f x' G 5g\ t/ To;sf] nflu /x]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!^ df ckgfOPsf]
;fdflhs ;~hfndf s]xL l6Kk0fLx¿ ePsf 5g\ . h;/L eP klg /f]Sg] cd]l/sfsf] pks/0f, lrlsT;f pks/0fh:tf w]/} cd]l/sL, o'/f]kn] L / hfkfgL k|f;] ;] / /f]af]l6S; pBf]u ljsf; of]hgfsf]
k|wfgdGqLsf] sbdaf/] cfh l;·f] b]z g} ljeflht 5 . ;+;b\ lj36gnfO{ dg;fo /x] s f] b] l vG5 . Psflt/ pRr k|ljlwo'Qm pBf]ux¿df ‘ljZj lrK; / cGo kf6{k'hf{x¿ rflxG5 . p2]Zo cf}Bf]lus /f]af]l6S; If]qsf]
plrt / cg'lrt dfGg]x¿aLrsf] 5nkmnn] cfh k';sf] lr;f] klg la;f{Psf] rLg;“ u Jofkf/ 3f6f eO/x] s f] g]tf’ x'g] rLgsf] /0fgLltnfO{ /]vfª\lst 6«Dk k|zf;gn] rLgsf] klxnf] ljZj ljsf;nfO{ tLj|tf lbg' xf] . clxn] klg
5 . g]dlskf b]zsf] Pp6f lhDd]jf/ /fhgLlts bn x'gs ' f] gftfn] /fhgLlts cd]l/sfsf] /f]Onf] 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ cg]s ub{ 5 . k|ljlw a|fG8 x'jfj]sf] k|ljlw sDkgLsf] rLgn] ! nfv %) xhf/ cf}Bf]lus
36gfqmdaf/] cfkm\gf] dt /fVg' cfjZos / :jfefljs k|lqmof xf] . ljleGg axfgfdf rLgdfly ljleGg j:t'sf] ljut @) jif{df rLgn] cfÇgf] nflu rflxg] w]/h } ;f] cd]l/sL lrK; / /f]af]6 PsfOx¿ pTkfbg u/]/ k|of]udf
;~rf/dfWoddfkm{t g]dlskfn] klg cGo /fhgLlts bnn] h:t} cfkm\gf] dt lgof{tdf k|ltaGwh:tf lgd{d pkfo pRr k|efjzfnL j}1flgs k|of;x¿df 6]lnsd pks/0fsf] kx'r “ aGb u/]sf] NofO/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L ;g\ @)#)
;fj{hlgs u¥of] . g]dlskfsf] k|ltlqmofdfly 6Lsfl6Kk0fL x'g' :jfefljs ckgfP/ cd]l/sfn] cfkm\g} Jofkf/ tLg u'0ffn] a9fPsf] 5 . kl/0ffd:j¿k 5 . cd]l/sfn] x'jfj]lj?4 ;+;f/e/ ;Dddf ! nfv !! xhf/ d]ufjf6
xf] . t/, l6Kk0fLdflysf] ax; eg] ljifos]lGb|t, j:t'k/s / ts{;·t x'g 3f6fnfO{ a9fO/x]sf] 5 . rLg cd]l/sfkl5 bf];f| ] 7"nf] j}1flgs cfÇgf glhssf ldq /fi6«x¿ Sofgf8f cf0fljs pmhf{ pTkfbg u/]/ rLg
h¿/L x'G5 . Pp6f k|;·nfO{ csf]{ c;DalGwt / cj:t'k/s ljifo;“u ljZj Jofkf/ ;·7gsf] zlQm s]Gb| ePsf] 5 . @)!& df / a]nfoth:tfnfO{ e8\sfpg] cleofg ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] k/df0f' zlQm
hf]8/] l6Kk0fL ug'n{ ] eg] k"jf{ux| dfq cleJoQm ub{5, ljifoj:t'sf] ulx/fO gLltljk/Lt /x]sf] cd]l/sL cj}w rLgsf] cg';Gwfgsf] vr{ sl/a @*) g} rnfPsf] 5 . aGg] 5 . cg' ; Gwfg / ljsf;
;dfTg ;Sb}g .
g]dlskf b]zsf] Pp6f lhDd]jf/ /fhgLlts bn xf] . g]kfnsf] sDo'lg:6 Jofkf/ gLltsf] ;fdgf ug{ cl3Nnf] ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ lyof] h'g b]zsf] cd] l /sfn] rLgsf] ;a} e Gbf /0fgLltsf] cfwf/df cf0fljs pmhf{,
/ nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngdf g]dlskfsf] of]ubfg / e"ldsfnfO{ s'g} klg xKtfdfq rLg ;/sf/n] pRr s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf]] @=!@ k|ltzt 7" n f] lrK; lgdf{ t f ;] l dsG8S6/ gof“ pmhf{ ;jf/L ;fwg, xfjf / ;f}o{
j:t'k/s ljZn]ifsn] gsfg{ ;Sb}g . k~rfotL Joj:yfn] ;aeGbf a9L b'Mv k|ljlwdflysf] cg';Gwfgdf cem a9L /x]sf] 5 . of] ljZjsf] cg';Gwfg / Dofg' Ç ofSrl/· OG6/g] z gn pmhf{, cfl6{lkml;on OG6lnh]G;, /f]af]6
lbPsf bnx¿dWo] g]dlskf cu|kª\lQmdf cfp“5 . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] nufgL ug]{ 5'§} /0fgLltsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ljsf;df eO/x]sf] s'n vr{sf] @) skf] { / ] ; g / Po/f] : k] ; , /s] 6 « L / / 8«fg] h:tf pRr k|ljlw If]qdf rLg
k[i7e"ld agfpg]b]lv cfGbf]ngdf g]dlskfn] ;zQm e"ldsf v]Nof] . t/, 5 . sDKo'6/ lrK; / cGo pRr k|ltzt x'g cfp“5 . cf0fljs pmhf{ pks/0f cfk"lt{stf{ b|t" ultdf cd]l/sfsf] k|lt:kwL{ ePsf]
@)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 cfGbf]ngsf ;xof]4f bnx¿n] g]dlskfnfO{ k|ljlwsf kf6{kh ' f{x¿sf] kx'r
“ df afwf pNn] v gLo s' / f s] 5 eg] nufotsf sDkgLx¿df klg lgof{t 5 .
;aeGbf a9L b'Mv lbg] sfd eof] . g]sf, Pdfn], dfcf]jfbL, /fk|kf–s'g bnn] k' ¥ ofp“ b f a9] s f] cd] l /sf;“ u sf] sf]/f]gf efO/; dxfdf/Lkl5 ;+;f/sf] /f]Sg tyf cGo k|ltaGw nufPsf] rLgsf] oL ;kmntfnfO{ 6«Dkn]
g]dlskfnfO{ wf/] xft nufP/ ;/fk]gg\ . t/, /fhgLlts cfGbf]ng / g}ltstfsf] tgfjaLr lrlgof“ ;/sf/n] b]zsf] k|d'v cfly{s zlQm /fi6«dWo] cfly{s 5 . ljz]ifu/L cd]l/sL k|f];];/ lrK; km'6]sf] cf“vfn] klg x]g{ ;ls/x]sf]
bl/nf] hf]wfxf eP/ g]dlskf hgkIfLo cfGbf]ng / ;dfhjfbk|flKtsf] p2]Zodf cfly{s :jtGqtf j[l4sf] nflu b|'t j[l4 ePsf] Psdfq /fi6« rLg xf] . :df6{kmf]g, On]lS6«s sf/ / cGo k|ljlw 5}g . oxL sf/0f kl;{Psf] af]sf eP/
nflu/x\of] . @)^@÷)^# ;fnsf] k|ltudglj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf c¿ bnx¿n] k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] cfx\jfg u/]sf] 5 . oBlk cfly{s k'gMpTyfgn] cem} 7f]; dflysf] lge{/tfaf/] lrlgof“ ;/sf/ klg -@)@! hgj/L @) af6 6«dsf]
;Qf;'vlt/ ;w}“ ¥ofn r'xfO/x] . t/, g]dlskf g]kfnL ;dfhdf u'0fTds cf}Bf]lus cfk"lt{ >[ª\vnf dflysf] ult lng ;s]sf] eg] 5}g . lrlgof“ lrlGtt b] l vG5 . ;] d Ls08S6/ sfo{sfn ;ls“b}5_ 6«Dk k|zf;gn]
/fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf] lglDt cfGbf]ngsf] g]tT[ j kª\lQmdf nuftf/ ple/x\of] . lgoGq0fnfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ / cfTdlge{/ ;/sf/n] cg';Gwfg / ljsf; s]Gb|x¿ cfoft d"No rLgsf] sRrf t]nsf] h;/L eP klg h'g;'s} axfgfdf klg
g]dlskfn] slxNo} klg hflt, If]q, wd{ / ;Dk|bfosf] s'/f u/]g .
dfcf]jfbLn] dfq xf]Og, a¿ Pdfn] / g]sfn] ;d]t hftLo / If]qLo ;·7g cfly{ s j[ l 4nfO{ lbuf] agfpg :yfkgf ug{ ljZjljBfno / cGo d"NoeGbf a9L 5 . rLgn] # va{ lrlgof“ cy{tGqnfO{ w/fkdf kfg]{ k|of;
vf]n/] ;fDk|bflos /fhgLltsf] hu a;fn]sf lyP . Pp6f l;4fGtlgi7 sDo'lg:6 pkef]Qmfsf] dfu a9fpg rLgn] kxn ;+:yfx¿sf] ‘/fli6«o 6f]nL’ sf] nflu 8n/eGbf a9Lsf] ;]lds08S6/ cfoft hf/L g} /fv]sf] 5 . 6«Dk k|zf;gn]
kf6L{sf] ¿kdf g]dlskfn] ju{;ª\3if{nfO{ g} hf]8 lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . t/, u/]sf] b]lvG5 . /fi6«klt ;L lhglkªn] !) jif{sf] ‘sfo{ of]hgf’ tof/ u/]sf] u5{ eg] @ va{ $@ ca{ 8n/sf] dfq ;'/Iffsf] vt/f b]vfP/ s]xL lrlgof“
k|wfgdGqLsf] sbdaf/] cfkm\gf] a'emfO ;fj{hlgs ubf{ g]dlskfnfO{ skf]nslNkt ;d[l4 / ljZjJofkL k|efjsf] dfWodsf] 5 h;cg' ; f/ sDkgLx¿nfO{ t]n cfoft u5{ . sDkgLx¿sf] cd]l/sL 6]Sgf]nf]hL /
/ k"jf{ux| k"0f{ tNnf]:t/sf] k|ltlqmof hgfpg'n] g]kfndf cem} psfl;g g;s]sf] ¿kdf On] l S6« s sf/, b" / ;~rf/, ‘gjk|jt{g ;d"x’ u7g ug{ k|f]T;flxt rLgsf] ljzfn lgdf{ 0 f ahf/df kx'r “ aGb u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL
/fhgLlts ;+:sf/ k|ltlalDat u/]sf] 5 . afof] 6 ] s / cGo If] q df lrlgof“ ul/g]5 . lrlgof“ ;/sf/n] k~rjifL{o pBf]ux¿sf] dfWodaf6 cf}Bf]lus ;/sf/sf] of] s'l6n sbdsf] ;fdgf
cfkm"n] h;/L ;f]rs ] f] xf], ;a}n] To;/L g} ;f]Rg'kg]{ ljrf/ cnf]stflGqs k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf ljsf; ug{ 7"nf] ljsf; vfsfsf] klg 3f]if0ff u/]sf] cfk"lt{ >[ªv \ nfsf] ‘:jtGq lgoGq0fsf] ug{ tL If]qsf] ljsf;df rLgn] ljz]if
lrGtgsf] pkh xf] . nf]stGqdf ljleGg ljrf/af/] ax; / 5nkmn :jfefljs hf] 8 lbPsf 5g\ . /0fgLlts 5 . o;n] rLgnfO{ cfTdlge{/ ‘pRr Ifdtf’ nfO{ a9fpgsf] nflu klg hf]8 hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . h;cg';f/ rLgn]
xf] . t/, ;Eo / pGgt nf]stflGqs b]zsf hgtfn] ljifodf s]lGb|t /x]/ sdhf]/Lsf] ¿kdf b]lvPsf] ljb]zL k|ljlw zlQm’ agfpgsf] nflu ;xof]u lbOPsf] 5 . rLgsf] cfÇg} cfwf/e"t ‘/fli6«o /0fgLlts lj1fg / 6]Sgf]nf]hL
lzi6 / j:t'k/s k|ltlqmof lbg hfg]sf] x'G5 . lj8Dagf ¤ g]kfnsf a'l4hLjL cfk" l t{ s tf{ d f /x] s f] lge{ / tfnfO{ k'¥ofpg] 5 . ;fdu|Lx¿ cfk"lt{ ug{ k"jf{wf/ agfpg] zlQm ;' b [ 9 ’ cleofgdf pRr
/ n]vs elgg] dflg;x¿af6 ;d]t g]dlskfaf/] xfjfdf 3/ agfO/xg' Go" g Ls/0f ug{ lrlgof“ ;/sf/ pRr k|ljlw lrlgof“ ;/sf/sf] kxn ug{ cfx\jfg u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 .
p2]snfUbf] 5 . pgLx¿sf To:tf l6Kk0fL ljifos]lGb|t 5}gg\ . ;+;b\ lj36g e/dUb'/ k|of; ul//x]sf] 5 . bL3{sfnLg cleofgsf] cfwf/lznf xf] cfGtl/s dfu a9fpg klg ‘gof“ -ljleGg ;dfrf/ Ph]G;Lsf] ;xof]udf_
slt plrt jf cg'lrt eGg] ljifodf ax; :jfefljs xf] . g]dlskfn]
/fv]sf] wf/0ffdf ts{;·t l6Kk0fL :jLsfo{ x'g;S5 . t/, a]k;| ·sf s'/f
psf;]/ tNnf] :t/sf] l6Kk0fL ug'{ unt xf] . a'l4hLjL, n]vs / :tDesf/
eGg]x¿n] ;d]t o:tf xr'jf / xn'sf k|ltlqmof lbP/ cfkm\gf] prfOsf]
lvl;6\o/' L ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;n] b]zsf] xf]rf] /fhgLlts ;+:sf/ / xr'jf
af}l4s j[Qtkm{ ;°]t u/]sf] 5 .
;b:o ;ª\Vof g} ;xL bnsf] gfkf] xf]Og af“8Lr'8“ L vfgs} nflu
s'g} klg bnnfO{ lrGg] cfwf/, unt of g;lsg] xf]Og . bfxfn–g]kfn kIfn] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
;Gbe{
– uf}/j k|wfg
;xL bnsf] dfkb08 kf6L{ ;b:o ;ª\Vof xf]Og .
bndf ;b:o ;ª\Vof x\jfQ} a9fP/ cfkm\gf] bnnfO{
;ª\Vof !@(( k'¥ofof] eg] s] To;a]nf km]l/ cf]nL
kIfw/ g]skfn] cNkdtdf k/]sf] :jLsfg{] xf] <
Pstf / km'6
ax'dt /x]sf] bnsf] kl/ro lbg] sfd ;xL g]skf ljeflht x'ge' Gbf cl3 hlt s]Gb|Lo ;b:o g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg
xf]Og . cf]nL / bfxfn–k|r08 kIfw/ g]skfn] lyP Tof] g} g]skfsf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] ;ª\Vof xf] lah'S5“] af/Daf/ eGg'x'GYof], æl;+xb/af/ 7ux¿sf]
km'6b\ } gkm'6g\ ] g]skf s;/L ljeflht eof] < cfkm\gf] bnnfO{ ax'dt /x]sf] bn b]vfpg]
k|lt:kwf{ ub{} 5g\ . ax'dt k|fKt bn b]vfpg
eGg] /fhgLlt1x¿sf] ljZn]if0f cGoyf xf]Og .
emG8} b'Ol{ txfO ax'dt k|fKt alnof] / zlQmzfnL
3]/faGbLdf 5 .Æ of] s'/f cfh hgtfdfem yk 5n{·
ePsf] 5 .
g]skfsf ;a}h;f] g]tfx¿n] kf6L{ s'g} xfntdf km'6b\ g} egL jfrf u/]sf lyP . k|wfgdGqL s]kL cf]nLsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn]
kf6L{ km'6b\ g} , s;}n] km'6fP af“sL /fVg] 5}g eGg] ljrf/ klg ltg} g]tfx¿n] kf]vs ] f lyP . b'j} bnsf zLif{ g]tfx¿ Psn] csf{n] fO{ tfGg g]skfsf] xfnsf] xljutn] pQm s'/f k'li6 u5{ . ;+;b\ lj36g u/] . k|wfgdGqL cf]nLsf] af]nLcg';f/
t/, g]skf ljeflht ePkl5 of g]skf cnu cnu ePkl5 kf6L{ km'6b\ } km'6b\ g} eGg] avfg bf}8w'k ul//x]sf 5g\ . tL g]tfx¿ g]skfsf s'g} klg bn l;4fGt, ljrf/ of bz{gsf] kf6L{leq}af6 g]tfx¿n] ;/sf/ 9fNg] v]n ;'? u/],
s;}n] u/]gg\ . kf6L{ ljeflht eP klg tL g]tfx¿n] cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] gfd g]skf g} eg]sf g]tf jfdb]j uf}td / /fdaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ cf– cfwf/df rn]sf] x'G5, rNg'k5{ . ljrf/ / l;4fGt ;/sf/nfO{ sfd ug{ c;xh jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/], /fi6«
5g\ of bfaL ul//x]sf 5g\ . zlQm, kb / efuaG8fdf nfu]sf] g]skf km]l/ ldNb}g egL cfkm\gf] kIfsf] bndf Nofpg nf]e af“8b\ } 5g\ . 5f]8/] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf hlt ;ª\Vof yk] lxtljk/Ltsf Ph]G8fx¿df ;/sf/;“u df]ndf]nfO u/] .
eGg ;lsg] l:ylt 5}g . g]skf ljeflht x'g glbg cf]nL / bfxfnsf] 5'§f5'§} k|ltj]bgsf] cf]nL kIfw/ g]skfn] Ps} k6s %%^ hgf s]Gb|Lo klg To;sf] cfwf/df alnof], zlQmzfnL / ;xL b]znfO{ hf]ufpg / /fhgLlts lgsf; lbgsf] nflu tfhf
cWoog u/L b'jn} fO{ ldNg] csf{] gof“ /fhgLlts k|ltj]bg Nofpg] s'/f] ePs} xf] . s]Gb|Lo ;b:o yk]/ ;ª\Vofsf] cfwf/df cfkm\gf] bnnfO{ dfGg ;ls“bg} . ;'?df Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL Ps x'b“ f hgfb]zdf hfg ;+;b\ lj36g u/]/ dWofjlw r'gfjsf]
;ldltsf] a}7s cnu cnu a;] klg, gof“ cWoIf / gof“ k|jQmf rog eP klg :jfy{ 7"nf] agfpg] r]i6f u¥of] . g]skf Pp6} /x“bf To;/L g} Ps xhf/ a/fa/sf] ;b:o /x]sf] s]Gb|Lo ldlt cf]nLn] 3f]if0ff u/] .
Pp6} ePsf] x'b“ f km]l/ h'6g\ ;lsg] s'/f /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx¿n] p7fPsf 5g\ . $$^ dfq ;b:o /x]sf] ;f] kf6L{df clxn] cf]nL ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . To;a]nf g]skfsf g]skfdf dflyNnf]bl] v tNnf] PsfO;Dd k"0f{¿kdf
s'g} xfntdf km'6b\ g} elgPsf] kf6L{ s;/L km'6o\ f] of ljeflht eof] < ;+;f/df sxL“ efuaG8f 5 . a]nf avtdf x'g] Pstf / km'6 af“8Lr“8 ' L
gePsf] sfd u/]sf] b]vfP/ of b'O{ cWoIfsf] aGbf]a:t u/]/ g]skfn] cfkm"nfO{ zlQmzfnL
kIfn] !!(( k'¥ofPsf] 5 . of] ;ª\Vof bn alnof] g]tfx¿n] ;+;f/s} ;aeGbf 7"nf] / zlQmzfnL bnsf]
agfpg a9fPsf] xf]Og eGg] s'/f s;}n] elg/xg' avfg u/]sf lyP . clxn] cf]nL kIfw/ g]skfn] vfgs} nflu ePsf] oyfy{ xf] . x/]s k|zf;lgs If]qdf
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/ h]/fN8 kmf]8{sf] sfo{sfndf ;]jf u/] . sl/a aL; jif{;Dd ;+/f cd]l/sf / rLgaLr pTsif{df k'Ub} lyof] . l;·f] o'/f]ksf] Jofkf/ cflbdf o' / f] k ] n Lx¿sf] cfsif{ 0 f lyof] .
kl5 c¿ w]/} /fi6«kltnfO{ ljb]z dfldnfdf ;DaGw /fd| f ] lyPg . tLaLr zq' t fk" 0 f{ / rLgsf] Jofkf/ p:t}p:t} lyof] . k|mfG;]nL klZrdf zlQmx¿sf] cfly{s ;DkGgtf /
;Nnfx k|bfg u/] . pgsf] o; k':tsdf jftfj/0f sfod g} /x\of] . ;g\ !(%) b]lv /fhgLlts cy{zf:qL k|mfGsf]; lSj:g] - cfTdljZjf; a9\b} uPkl5 ltgnfO{ /f]Sg
rLgn] ;dfhjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 !(%# ;Dd ePsf] sf]l/ofnL o'4sf sf/0f oL Francois Quesnay_ eG5g\, æof] /fHo ;Dej g} ePg ¤
k| f Kt pknlAw hf] u fpg / b] z sf] /Iff b'O{ 7"nf b]zaLr b'ZdgL g} lyof] . yfOjfgsf] ljZjs} ;a}eGbf ;'Gb/ xf] eGg] s'/f s;}n] klZrdf Jofkf/Ln] Sjfª\rfpeGbf aflx/
;DaGwdf r'gf}tL v8f x'“bf s;/L s"6gLlts k|Zgn] b'a}nfO{ cnUofO/x\of] . oxL ;jfnn] c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sb}g . of] ;a}eGbf a9L cyf{t\ blIf0f–k"jL{ ;d'b| lsgf/ If]qeGbf k/
ultljlw cufl8 a9fof], ;ª\s6 ;dfwfgdf ;a}eGbf a9L b'j} kIfljk/Lt l:yltdf lyP . hg;ª\Vof ePsf] / ;d[l4tk{m nlDs/x]sf] klg Jofkf/ ug] { cg' d lt dfu u/] .
s;/L ;'ema'em tyf kl/kSjtf b]vfp“b} 7"nf ljZjdf rln/x]sf] zLto'4sf] k|efj d'Vo sf/0f b]z xf] . ;f/f o'/f]k]nL b]z Pp6f ;Dk|e' Tolt~h]n;Dddf a]nfotn] rLgsf] ;d'b|L
zlQm;fd' s;/L ;fdgf u¥of] eGg] a f/] lyof] eGg' cem a9L j:t'k/s tyf ts{;·t ePdf dfq rLg;“u a/fa/ x'g]5 .Æ rLg;“u lsgf/f ;'/Iff k|aGwaf/] cWoog ul/;s]sf]
lj:t[ t rrf{ 5 . ljz] i fu/L tTsfnLg x'g]5 . oBlk, ;g\ !(&) kl5 ljZjsf] Pp6f Jofkf/ ug{ klZrdf b]zx¿ nfnflot x'Gy] / ;Dk"0f{ sdhf]/Laf/] yfxf kfO;s]sf] lyof] .
;f] l eot ;ª\ 3 n] rLgsf] ef} u f] l ns dxfzlQm ;+/f cd]l/sf / Pl;ofsf] ljzfn / tL cTolws kmfObf xfl;n uy]{ . a]nfotn] n8{ hh{ Dofsf6{lgsf] 6f]nL ;g\
cv08tfdfly xf“s lb“bf lrlgof“ g]t[Tjn] b]z rLgaLr ;+jfbsf] yfngL eof] . Tof] o;} cWofodf n]vsn] sGk'ml;o;sf] !&(#–!(($ df rLg k7fof] . pgL
;Gt'lnt sbd rfNb} ljk/Lt ljrf/sf] ;+/f ;+ j fbsf] ;] t ' lsl;·/ lyP eGg' cGoyf ljrf/af/] 5nkmn u/]sf 5g\ . /Qmkftk"0f{ cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGwsf Ps cg'ejL ;/sf/L
cd]l/sf;“u s;/L s"6gLlts ;DaGw :yflkt x'g]5}g . cfheGbf nueu %) jif{ cufl8 o'4sf] cGTokZrft\ rLg k]ml/ Ps l9Ssf sd{rf/L lyP . Dofsf6{lgn] cg]s pkxf/
u/L ;DaGw cufl8 a9fof] eGg]af/] klg of] /fi6«klt l/r8{ lgS;gn] lhDd]jf/L ;'Dk]adf]lhd eP/ dfly p7\of] . xfg j+z -Han_ n] lbP/ lrlgof“ ;d|f6nfO{ k|efjdf kfg]{ sf]l;;
k':tsn] 5n{· kf5{ . ;+/f cd]l/sf / rLgaLr ;DaGw k'gM :yflkt sGk'ml;o;sf] ljrf/nfO{ /fHosf] cflwsfl/s u/] . a] n fot cf} B f] l usLs/0fdf cToGt
hgjfbL u0ftGq rLg / lrlgof“ ug{ lsl;·/n] euL/y k|of; u/] . Tolt bz{gsf] dfGotf lbof] . sGk'ml;o;n] dg'io cufl8 al9;s] s f] / rLg k' / fgf] o' u df
g]t[Tjaf/] clxn];Dd aflx/ gcfPsf sltko P]ltxfl;s tyf cToGt ;+j]bgzLn cleef/f hfltnfO{ cfk}mnfO{ lrGg cfx\jfg u/] . clNem/x]sf] ;Gb]z lb“b} a]nfot;“usf] ljz]if
ljifo, To;;“u hf]l8Psf 36gf–kl/36gf Ps jl/i7 cd]l/sL clwsf/L, Ps lhDd]jf/ ;b\efjsf] j[l4sf nflu s8f d]xgt ug{ ;DaGw lj:tf/ u/L kmfObf p7fpg rLgnfO{
k':tsdf k|:t't ul/Psf 5g\ . cWoIf dfcf] ;"rgf ;+jfxs / Ps ljåfgsf] gftfn] k"/f pgn] cfx\jfg u/] . pTk|]l/t u¥of] . t/, rLg a]nfotnfO{ Pp6f
T;]t'ª / k|wfgdGqL rfp PgnfOaf/] o; u/] s f] lsl;·/ atfp“ 5 g\ . To; qmddf ‘cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGwsf] cjwf/0ff M 3d08L b]z dfGb} ;DaGw cufl8 a9fpg
k':tsn] yk hfgsf/L lbG5 . pxf“x¿sf] lsl;·/n] cf7hgf cd]l/sL /fi6«klt / rf/ kIfkftljxLgtf jf ;dfgtf’ pkzLif{sdf ;xdt ePg .
b[li6sf]0f, b"/blz{tfaf/]sf cgluGtL b[i6fGt, k':tfsf lrlgof“ g]tfx¿;“u Jojxf/ u/] . o; n]vs lsl;·/ rLgsf] ljb]z gLltsf] ;ª\lIfKt a]nfotL k|ltlglw Dofsf6{lgn] lrlgof“
k|;·, ;+jfbn] o; k':tssf] P]ltxfl;s dxŒj oyfy{af6 klg pgn] lgjf{x u/]sf] lhDd]jf/L Oltxf;sf] emns / b[li6sf]0f k|:t't ub{5g\ . ;d| f 6;“ u sf] bz{ g e] 6 sf nflu lrlgof“
plhNofp“ 5 . ;+j]bgzLn x'g'sf ;fy} hf]lvdk"0f{ lyof] eGg] o'/f]k cfw'lgs o'udf k|j]z ug'{eGbf Ps k/Dk/fcg' ; f/ 6fpsf] n ] tLg k6s e' O “
k"j{ljb]zdGqL lsl;·/n] kbdf /x“bf k|:6 x'G5 . b'O{ b]zsf g]tfx¿aLr s'/fsfgL xhf/ jif{cufl8 g} rLgn] k/LIff lnP/ 5'jfP/ ;d|f6nfO{ clejfbg ug]{ ‘sf]6f]’ -
/ g/x“bf u/]sf %) k6seGbf a9L rLg x'“bf agfOPsf] l6kf]6 ;'/lIft /flvPsf] / ;/sf/L sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ug]{ kl/kf6L a;fn]sf] kowtow_ sf nflu tof/ gePsf], a?
e|d0f tyf lrlgof“ zLif{ g]tf tyf pRrkb:y To;}sf] d'Vo cfwf/e"lddf of] k':ts tof/ lyof] . t;y{, ljZj Joj:yfaf/] lrlgof“ gLlt o'/f]k]nL z}nLdf Pp6f v'§fn] 6]s]/ clejfbg
clwsf/L;“u ePsf dxŒjk"0f{ cf}krfl/s tyf ePsf] pgL :jLsf5{g\ . b'O{ leGg kl/j]z, of cjwf/0ff o'/f]ksf] eGbf lgs} leGg lyof] . ug] { c8fg lnPsf] k| ; · /f] r s 5 .
cgf}krfl/s e]63f6sf] ;f/ g} of] k':ts xf] leGg ;+:s[lt / leGg ;f]rsf ;fy} leGg p2]Zo ;f]xf| “} / ;qf}“ ztfAbLlt/ ljb]z gLlt ;DaGwdf Dofsf6{lgn] kl5 lrlgof“ z}nLadf]lhd g}
eGg' ;dLlrg x'g]5 . cd]l/sL /fi6«klt / ePsf b'O{ ;dfh / b]zaLr sfd ug'{ hf]lvdk"0f{ o'/f]kn] cfw'lgs cjwf/0ff lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;d|f6nfO{ clejfbg u/] .
 cGt/f{li6«o ^
!) k'; @)&& (25 Dec. 2020)

ljZj ;ª\If]k

/fi6«klt 6«Dkåf/f s}of}“

bf]ifLnfO{ 5fglagaf6 pGd'lQm
jfl;ª\6g, ( k'; -PPkmkL_ – cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dkn] ;g\
@)!^ sf] /fi6«ktLo r'gfjdf wf“wnL ug]{ ;Defljt p2]Zon] ?;L u'Ktr/
lgsfosf JolQm;“u uf]Ko e]63f6 u/]sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf JolQmx¿dflysf]
;ª\3Lo 5fglag cGTo u/]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ .
/fi6«klt 6«Dkn] cg';Gwfgaf6 pGd'lQm lbPsf JolQmx¿df /fi6«klt
6«Dksf HjfO“ hf/]8 s'Zg/sf lktf / 6«Dksf clt lgs6 b'O{ JolQm
5g\ . cd]l/sL ;ª\3Lo 5fglagsf qmddf pgLx¿sf] ;+nUgtf b]lvPsf]
lyof] .
/fi6«klt 6«Dksf] sfo{sfn cGTo x'g} nfUbf Pskl5 csf]{ pGd'lQm
ul/Psf] eGb} 6«Dksf] rsf]{ cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] 5 .
pGd'lQm lbOPsf JolQmx¿df hf/]8 s'Zg/sf lktf rfN;{ s'Zg/,
6«Dksf k"j{ r'gfjL Joj:yfks kn dfgfkmf]6{ / nfdf] ;dob]lvsf 6«Dksf
;Nnfxsf/ /f]h/ :6f]g 5g\ .
pgLx¿ tLg JolQm;d]t xfn;Dd @^ hgfnfO{ 6«Dkn] pGd'lQm lbO;s]sf
5g\ .
6«Dkn] e|i6 l/klAnsg sª\u;]| ;b:osf] ;hfo dfkm ug{s ' f ;fy} ;g\
@))& df aUbfb 36gfdf !$ lgbf]{if O/fsLsf] xTofdf ;+nUg ;'/Iff
uf8{dflysf] ;hfo klg dfkmL lbPsf 5g\ .
rf/ jif{cl3 cd]l/sL /fi6«kltsf] r'gfjdf 6«DknfO{ lhtfpg ?;Lx¿;“u
kfls:tfgsf] nfxf]/ ;x/df laxLaf/ laxfg afSnf] x':;'aLr ofqf ul//x]sf kfls:tfgL ;j{;fwf/0f . kl5Nnf] ;do blIf0f Pl;ofsf ljleGg b]zdf ldn]dtf] u/]sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf dfgfkmf]6n { fO{ ;a} cf/f]kaf6 d'Qm u/]sf]
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf lr;f] a9]sf] 5 . t:jL/M PPkmkL lj/f]wdf 6«Dklj?4 rf}tkmL{ cfnf]rgf ePsf] 5 .

a]nfotdf km]nf k/]sf] gof“ sf]/f]gf efO/; blIf0f clk|msfaf6 sf]nlDaofdf

nG8g, @$ l8;] D a/ .
a]nfotdf xfn} km]nf k/]sf] gf]a]n
sf]/f]gf efO/;sf] gof“ y/L efO/;
blIf0f clk|msfaf6 cfPsf] x'g;Sg]
Toxf“sf :jf:Yo ;lrj Dof6 xfgssn]
atfPsf 5g\ . blIf0f clk| m sfdf
e]l6Psf] efO/; / a]nfotdf e]l6Psf]
efO/;df ;dfgtf e]l6Psf] a]nfotL
clwsf/Lx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . To;}n]
a]nfot ;/sf/n] ut b'O{ ;ftfotf blIf0f
clk|msfaf6 a]nfotdf cfPsf ;a}
ofq'x¿nfO{ ;Dks{df NofO{ cnu
/flv;s]sf] atfPsf] 5 . a]nfotsf
oftfoft dGqLn] blIf0f clk|msfaf6
a]nfot cfpg] ;a} ljdfg / cGo
oftfoft aGb ug{ lgb]z
{ g hf/L u/]sf
5g\ .
blIf0f clk| m sfsf] :jf:Yo
dGqfnon] ut ;ftf Toxf“ efO/;sf]
gof“ cfg'jl+ zs y/L km]nf k/]sf] / ToxL
sf/0f kl5Nnf lbgx¿df Toxf“ ;ª\qmd0f
a9]sf] x'g;Sg] atfPsf] lyof] .
efO/;sf] of] bf];|f] k|sf/nfO{
%)!=eL@ sf]le8–!( sf] bf];f| ] pGgt
efO/; xf] . a]nfot ;/sf/n] s]xL
;ftfcl3af6 cfkm\gf] b]zdf gof“ y/L
sf]le8–!( efO/; km]nf k/]sf] 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] lyof] .
a]nfot ;/sf/n] j}1flgsx¿sf
cg';GwfgnfO{ p4[t ub}{ of] efO/;
cl3Nnf] efO/;eGbf &) k|ltzt;Dd
a9L ;ª\qmfds ePsf] atfPsf] 5 .
ægof“ y/L efO/; cem a9L
;ª\qmfds ePsf] x'gfn] a9L vt/gfs
5 . cl3Nnf] efO/;eGbf of] efO/;
a9L pTkl/jlt{t ePsf] kfOPsf] 5Æ,
a]nfotL :jf:Yo ;lrjn] eg] .
blIf0f clk|msfdf e]l6Psf] efO/;
cem pTkl/jt{ g eP/ a] n fotdf
b]vfk/]sf] klAns x]Ny Oª\NofG8sf
;';g xlKsG;n] eg] .
b'j} efO/; a9L ;ª\qmfds 5g\ .
kqsf/sf] xTof
af] u f] 6 f, ( k' ; -PPkmkL_ .
;·l7t ck/fwsf af/]df ;dfrf/ n]Vb}
cfPsf Ps hgf sf] n lDaofnL
kqsf/sf] uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/Psf]
5 . ;f]daf/ uf]nL nfu]sf kqsf/
km]lnk] u'Pe]/fsf] a'waf/ pkrf/sf
qmddf lgwg ePsf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf]
5 .
So'xa' f] gfdsf] ;dfrf/ kqsf
nflu l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/ u'Pe]/fnfO{
b]zsf] blIf0fklZrd l:yt sfnL eGg]
:yfgdf uf]nL xflgPsf] lyof] .
sfnL gu/sf d]o/ hh{ Oefg
cf]l:kgfn] kqsf/x¿;“u s'/f ub}{ ;g\
@)!& b]lv g} cfkm"dfly xTofsf] wDsL
lbPsf] eGb} u'Pe]/fn] k|x/LnfO{ hfgsf/L
u/fPsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
d]o/ cf]l:kgfn] xTofdf ;+nUgsf
af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ !%
xhf/ 8n/ k'/:sf/ lbOg] klg 3f]if0ff
ug{'ePsf] 5 .
k|x/Ln] kqsf/ u'Pe]/fsf] xTof
l/kf]l6{ªsf] l;nl;nfdf gePsf] bfaL
ub}{ cg';Gwfg cl3 a9fPsf] hgfPsf]
5 .
k| ] ; lk| m 8d kmfpG8] ; gsf
cg';f/, u'Pe]/fdfly ;g\ @)!& df
;d] t ;·l7t cfk/flws ;d" x n]
;fª\3flts cfqmd0f u/]sf / nuftf/
xTofsf] wDsL lbPsf lyP . u'Pe]/fn]
;g\ @)!* / o;}jif{sf] cu:6df klg
cfkm"dfly cfqmd0fsf] wDsL lbOPsf]
atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
sf]nlDaofsf nflu /fi6«;ª\3Lo
dfgj clwsf/ cfo'Qm h'lnP6 8L
l/e]/f]n] pQm 36gfsf] lgGbf Pjd\
eT;{gf ub}{ ck/fwLnfO{ sfg'gsf]
bfo/fdf Nofpg cfu|x ug{' ePsf] 5 .

xTofsf bf]ifLx¿nfO{
cfddfkmL ubf{ lj/f]w
aUbfb, @$ l8;] D a/ . ;g\
@))& df O/fssf] /fhwfgL aUbfbdf
ePsf] g/;+xf/df sDtLdf rf}w hgf
O/fsL ;j{ ; fwf/0fsf] xTofsf
bf]ifLx¿nfO{ ;+/f cd]l/sL /fi6«klt
8f]gfN8 6«Dkn] cfddfkmL lbg] lg0f{osf]
cGt/f{li6«o hutdf rsf]{ lj/f]w ePsf]
5 . O/fsL hgtfn] klg 6«Dksf] o:tf]
lg0f{ok|lt v]b hgfPsf 5g\ .
^ jif{cl3sf] ;f] xTofsf08df
bf]ifL 7xl/Psf ANofsjf6/ ;'/Iff
sDkgLsf rf/ hgf 7]s]bf/x¿nfO{
6«Dkn] cfddfkmL lbg] ;"rgf hf/L u/]sf
x'g\ . O/fssf] lg;f]/ rf]sdf lgMz:q
O/fsL ;j{;fwf/0fdfly tL ;'/Iff
7]s]bf/x¿n] uf]nL rnfPsf lyP .
O/fsdf ;+/f cd]l/sL ;]gfn] u/]sf]
xdnf / sAhfsf] qmddf ePsf
;aeGbf v/fa 36gfdWo] lg;f]/ rf]s
sf08 gfdn] s'Voft ;f] 36gf klg
dflgG5 .
a' w af/ 6« D ksf] dfkmL lbg]
lg0f{osf] eT;{gf ub}{ O/fssf] ljb]z
dGqfnon] hf/L u/] s f] jQmJodf
‘ck/fwnfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s glnPsf]’
egL ;f] lg0f{odf k'gMljrf/ ug{ ;+/f
cd]l/sfnfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
O/fsL e"ldaf6 ;+/f cd]l/sL
;]gf k"0f{tM x6fpg O/fsL hgtfaLr
a9\bf] dfunfO{ ;Gt'ngdf Nofpg O/fsL
g]tfx¿n] k|of; ul//x]sf] ;dodf ;+/f
cd]l/sL /fi6«kltsf] o:tf] lg0f{on]
O/fsL /fhgLlts g]tT[ jnfO{ ;d:ofdf
kf/]sf] ko{j]Ifsx¿sf] egfO 5 .
æs'Voft ANofsjf6/ sDkgLn]
lg;f]/ rf]sdf O/fsL gful/ssf] xTof
u/]sf] lyof] . cfh /fi6«klt 6«Dkn]
xTof/fx¿nfO{ l/xf ug{ cfb]z hf/L
u/]sf] ;''Gof}“ . pgLx¿nfO{ O/fsL
hgtfsf] /utsf] s'g} kjf{x 5}gÆ,
aubfbsf afl;Gbf ;n]x cAb]nn] eg] .
æxfdLn] Gofo kfp“bg} f}“ eGg] s'/f
xfdLnfO{ yfxf lyof] Æ , 36gfaf/]
cg';Gwfgdf ;+nUg O/fsL k|x/L kmf/];
;fbLn] eg] . 36gfdf dfl/Psf Ps
hgf lrlsT;fzf:qsf] ljBfyL{ s f
;xkf7Ln] 6«Dksf] ;f] lg0f{ok|lt cfqmf]z
kf]v] t/ pgn] o:tf] lg0f{o cfpg' cgf}7f]
eg] gePsf] atfP .
æxfd|f] /ut pgLx¿sf] nflu
kfgLeGbf ;:tf] 5 . Gofo /
hjfkmb] l xtfsf] nflu xfd| f ] dfu
pgLx¿sf] lglDt asjf; dfq x'g]
u/]sf] 5Æ, ;+/f cd]l/sL zf;sx¿lt/
;°]t ub}{ pgn] eg] .
;+/f ;ª\3Lo dfgj clwsf/
sfof{non] a'waf/ ;f] cfb]zk|lt uDeL/
rf;f] b]vfp“b} o;n] b08xLgtf a9fpg]
/ eljiodf ck/fw ug{ pT;flxt ug]{
atfPsf] 5 .

!) k'; @)&& (25 Dec. 2020)
Pª\uN] ;sf] /rgf lsg cWoog ug]{ <
of] jif{ km]8l/s Pª\u]N;sf]
låztfAbL hGd lbj; xf] . Pª\u]N;sf]
b'O{ ;of}“ hGd lbj; dgfO/x“bf lbdfudf
tLg s' / f v] n ] s f 5g\ . cfhsf]
;Gbe{ d f Pª\ u ] N ;sf /rgfx¿nfO{
s;/L cWoog ul/g'k5{ < pxf“sf
w]/h} ;f] /rgfx¿ tTsfnLg Joj:yfsf
/Ifsx¿lj?4sf] ;} 4 flGts ax;
lyP cyjf gof“ / Gofok"0f{ ;dfhsf]
nflu sfdbf/ ju{sf] ;ª\3if{af/] dfS;{
/ Pª\ u ] N ;sf ljrf/lj?4sf
l;4fGtx¿sf] v08g lyP . xfd|f;fd'
olta]nf tLg y/L ;d:of 5g\M klxnf]
s'/f t Pª\u]N;n] s'g n]v s]–sf]
v08gdf n]vs ] f lyP eGg] s'/f a'em\g
xfdLnfO{ ufx«f] 5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu
Pª\u]N;sf] ‘8'xl/ª dtv08g’ nfO{
lncf}“ . ‘8'xl/ª dtv08g’ s[lts}
sf/0f dfq 8'xl/ª af“r]sf 5g\ . gq,
pgsf] af/] d f xfdLnfO{ sd} d fq
hfgsf/L x'g] lyof] .
bf];|f] ;d:of eg]sf] n]vsf]
efiff . Pª\u]N;sf s[ltx¿ cfkm\gf]
;dosf nflu n] l vPsf lyP .
To;sf/0f tL s[ltx¿df TolQa]nfsf
kf7sn] :jfefljs¿kdf a'em\g] ck]Iff
u/L n]lvPsf ljifoj:t' xfdLnfO{ cfh
a'em\g TolQ ;xh 5}g . t];|f] ;d:of
eg]sf] Pª\uN] ;sf s[ltdf ha lj1fgsf]
s'/f cfp“5, xfd|f] nflu Tof] s'g} kxf8
plSng' hlQs} x'g] cK7\of/f] x'g] u5{ .
To;sf/0f Pª\ u ] N ;sf] ;dosf]
lj1fgeGbf cfhsf] lj1fg lgs} cl3
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g;d]6\bf;Dd xfdLn] cf0fljs o'4,
hg:jf:Yo, sf]le8–!( dxfdf/Lb]lv
lgu/fgL k' “ h Ljfb;Ddsf a[ x t\
ljifox¿sf] 5nkmndf jfdkGyLx¿
sdhf]/ 7xl/g]5g\ .
dfS;{jfbn] ;dfhdf lj1fgsf]
km/flsnf] k| e fj b] v fPsf] x' g fn]
dfS;{jfbn] j}1flgs, lrlsT;s /
k|fljlwsx¿nfO{ ;w}“ cfslif{t ug]{ u/]sf]
5 . dfS;{jfbn] lj1fg k|ljlwnfO{
;dfhn] ef]Ub} cfPsf hLjGt ;d:of;“u
hf] 8 \ b } cfPsf] 5 . sf] l e8–!(
dxfdf/Lsf] qmddf ljsl;t k'h “ LjfbL
b]zx¿n] cfkm\gf] cy{tGqdf vt/f
cfOnfUbf u/]sf ultljlwaf6 xfdLnfO{
k| l jlwsf] Oltxf; / lj1fg tyf
pTkfbg;“u To;sf] ;DaGw yk k|:6
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lj1fg;DaGwL a[xt\ cfGbf]ng cyjf
hg:jf:Yo cfGbf]ngdfkm{t hgtf;Dd
xfd|f] a'emfO /fVg g;Sbf;Dd To;f]
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j}1flgs ;d'bfodf k:g h?/L 5 .
xf], oxL“g/] xfdLnfO{ Pª\uN] ; /
pxf“sf ef}ltsjfbL åGåjfbsf] vf“rf]
kb{5 . cfkm\gf] ;dosf] lj1fg /
k|ljlwdfly dfS;{ / Pª\uN] ; b'js} f] ulx/f]
rf;f] lyof] . lj1fg / k|ljlw If]qsf
k| u ltnfO{ pxf“ x ¿ glhsaf6
k5\ofpg'x'GYof] . k|ljlwk|lt dfS;{sf]
ulx/f] rf;f] ePsf] s'/f a]nfotsf
sk8f a'Gg] sf/vfgfdf k|fljlws
kl/jt{g;DaGwL pxf“sf n]vx¿af6
k/v ug{ ;lsG5 . e" l dsf]
lt/f] ; DaGwL n] v df df6f] s f]
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dfS;{n] pT;'stf b]vfpg'ePsf] 5 .
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Pª\u]N;sf] lhDdfdf 5f]8\g'x'GYof] .
Pª\ u ] N ;n] ‘8' x l/ª dtv08g’ df
8'xl/ªsf] clwe"tjfbL -d]6flkmlhsn_
lrGtgsf] v08g ub} { åGåjfbaf/]
JofVof ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] ‘n'8lju
kmfo/afv / k/Dk/fut hd{gL bz{gsf]
cGTo’ / k"0f{tf kfpg g;s]sf] ‘k|sl[ tdf
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JofVof ug'{ePsf] 5 .
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-Hegelian Idealist Dialectics_
n] bfz{lgs¿kdf k|s[ltdf cfkm\gf
lgod yf]kg]{ u/]sf] 5 eg] k|sl[ taf/]
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yf]k¥ofO“sf] v08g ePsf] 5 . a?,
ef} l tsjfb;“ u ;aeGbf glhssf]
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n] cfkm\gf l;4fGtdfkm{t lj1fgn] JofVof
ug]{ ;+;f/sf] afx\o oyf{y :jLsf/ ub}{}
cfkm"nfO{ ef}ltsjfbL eGg c:jLsf/
u/]sf] 5 . ef}ltsjfb dfS;{, Pª\u]N;
/ kl5 sDo'lg:6x¿;“u hf]l8Psf] ‘bfu
nflu;s]sf]’ zAb xf] . åGåjfbaf6
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dfGotf c:jLsf/ ubf{ / lj1fg cfkm}df
k"0f{ ePsf] dfGotf af]Sg'sf] kl/0ffd
xf] . of] dfGotf af]Sg] j}1flgsx¿n]
lj1fgsf] nflu To;sf ljleGg If]qnfO{
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l;4fGt x'G5 h;dfkm{t xfdLn] lj1fgsf
ljleGg lx:;fnfO{ PsLs[t agfpg
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ultdf x'G5 cyjf kl/jt{gsf] k|lqmofdf
x' G 5 eGg] s' / fdf ljZjf; u5{ .
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ltgnfO{ ckl/jt{gzLnsf] ¿kdf geO{
kl/jt{gzLntfsf] sf]0faf6 x]g'{k5{ .
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åGåjfbsf tLg l;4fGt cl3 ;fg'e{ Psf]
5 M kl/df0ffTdsaf6 u' 0 ffTds
kl/jt{g -o;nfO{ ef}ltszf:qLx¿
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ljsf; -lgif] w sf] lgif] w lgod_ .
lj1fgn] oL lgodx¿nfO{ lglZrt
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k|lqmofdf dfq ;Lldt agfpg vf]hs ] f]
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km/flsnf] ;f·7lgs l;4fGtsf] ¿kdf
x]g{ h?/L 5 h;leq /x]/ xfdLn]
j}1flgs lgodx¿ a'em\g] u5f}{“ .
dfS;{ n ] cfkm\ g f cfly{ s
l;4fGtx¿ åGåjfbL bz{gaf6 ljsf;
gu/]sf] n]Vg'ePsf] 5 . t/, dfS;{sf
k' “ h Lsf lgodx¿ åGåjfbsf
lgodcg';f/ 5g\ . Pª\u]N;n] klg
åGåjfbsf lgodnfO{ lj1fgdf ldnfpg
eGg' e Psf] 5} g . t/, lj1fgdf
cfwfl/t k|s[ltsf lgodnfO{ klg
åGåjfbL bz{gsf] 9f“rfleq /fVg ;lsg]
b] l vG5 .
‘k| s [ l tdf åGåjfb’ n] v nfO{
Pª\u]N;n] k"0f{tf lbg kfpg'ePg .
ljVoft ljsf;jfbL hLj j}1flgs tyf
a]nfotL dfS;{jfbL x]N8]gn] ;g\ !(#(
df k|sflzt ‘k|s[ltdf åGåjfb’ sf]
e" l dsfdf nfdf] ;do ;f] k' : ts
k|sfzgdf gcfpg' b'Mvsf] s'/f egL
n]v]sf lyP . e"ldsfdf pgn] n]v]sf
5g\, æ8fla{gjfb;DaGwL Pª\uN] ;sf oL
l6Kk0fLx¿ klxn] g} yfxf x'b“ f] xf] t
cndnk"0f{ ;f]rfOsf] ;doaf6 d]/f] s]xL
;do hf]lug] lyof] .Æ ;f] s[ltdf Pp6f
csf]{ k"0f{tf kfpg g;s]sf] Pª\uN] ;sf]
wf/0ff dflg;sf] ljsf;qmddf >dsf]
e"ldsf;DaGwL wf/0ff lyof] . ljz]iftM
dflg;sf] xftsf] ljsf;qmddf >dsf]
e"ldsf;DaGwL pxf“sf] wf/0ffn] k"0f{tf
kfPg . >ds} sf/0f dflg;df xftsf]
ljsf; eof] . ToxL xftn] g} dflg;nfO{
af“b/ -PK;_ eGbf leGg agfof] .
Pª\u]N;n] n]Vg'ePsf] 5,æTo;sf/0f
dflg;sf] xft >d ug] { z/L/sf]
cª\udfq xf]Og, >dsf] kl/0ffd klg
xf] .Æ xfts} sf/0f Pp6f cnu
k|hfltsf] ¿kdf dflg;sf] ljsf;
ePsf] lyPg . a? Pp6f P]ltxfl;s
k|lqmofsf] ¿kdf xft / >dsf] ;x–
ljsf; ePsf] lyof] .
ljsf;qmdsf] l;4fGtdf
Pª\uN] ;n] nfdfs{jfbsf] ;xfotf lnPsf]
egL cfnf] r gf x' g ] u/] s f] 5 .
To;sf/0f >dlzNksf] lj/f;taf/]
Pª\uN] ;sf] JofVofsf] klg cfnf]rgf x'g]
ul/G5 . t/, dflg;x¿ 8fla{ g n]
k|fs[lts 5gf]6sf] l;4fGt k|ltkfbg
ub}{ ubf{ nfdfs{sf] k'Vof{n] L rl/qsf]
lj/f;t;DaGwL l;4fGtnfO{
‘ljsf;qmdsf] rfns’ sf] ¿kdf JofVof
u/]sf] e'N5g\ . ;g\ !*^* df k|sflzt
cfg' j + l zstf;DaGwL Pª\ u ] N ;sf]
l;4fGtdf ljsf;qmd;DaGwL
l;4fGtnfO{ pxf“n] kfgh]gl] ;; -Pan-
genesis_ eGg'ePsf] 5 . Tof] l;4fGt
k|fs[lts 5gf}6 / nfdfs{sf] k'vf}n{ L
rl/qsf] lj/f;t;DaGwL b'j} l;4fGtdf
cfwfl/t lyof] . hLjzf:qLx¿nfO{
cg' j + l zstf;DaGwL d] G 8] l ngsf]
l;4fGt TolQa]nf yfxf lyPg . w]/}
kl5 dfq d] G 8] l ngsf]
cg' j + l zstf;DaGwL l;4fGt
hLjlj1fgdf ;fd]n ul/Psf] lyof] .
Pª\uN] ;sf] k|dv ' of]ubfg eg]sf]
k|sl[ t :jod\ klg kl/jt{gzLn ePsf]
b] v fpg' lyof] . pxf“ n ] k| s [ l t
kl/jt{gzLndfq xf]Og, a? k|sl[ tsf
;a} k|hflth:t} k|s[lt cfkm}sf] klg
ljsf;qmd -Oef] N o' ; g_ eO/x] s f]
b]vfpg'eof] . kl/jt{gsf] ax'cfoflds
k|lqmof / Pp6f P]ltxfl;s k|lqmofsf]
¿kdf ljsf;qmd -Oef]No';g_ sf]
k|s[lt / dflg;;lxt k|s[ltsf ;a}
k|hflt lx:;f x'g\ .
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;| f ] t M lkk' N ; l8:Kofr
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!) k'; @)&& (25 Dec. 2020)

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