QUANTITY SURVEYING

LECTURE #2 : Earthworks
OUTLINE
• What is Earthworks?
• Excavation & process
• Cut & Fill
• Estimate
• Equipment used
• Manpower
What is Earthworks?
• Involves the loosening, removal and
handling of earth quantities in the
construction process
• EXCAVATION- process of removing earth to form
spaces in the ground

• BACKFILL- refill an excavated area with the material

dug out of it
Excavation Process

Check Contract Site

Excavation Backfilling Compaction
and Specifications Survey
Cut and Fill
also known
as
Excavation

also
known as
Backfilling

• The process of constructing a railway, road or canal

Estimating Excavation
• Excavation is
measured by
cubic meter.
Given the following dimensions, determine the
The construction drawing quantity to be excavated.
and specifications are
the key documents for Length (L) = 52.83 ft; Width (W) = 75.75 ft;
determining earthwork Depth (D)= 6.33 ft
requirements.
FORMULA: L x W x H
Remember that when
SOLUTION: 52.83 x 75.75 x 6.33 = 25,331.85
estimating quantities, the
computations need not
be worked out to an ANSWER = 25,331.85 ft³
exact answer.`
Equipment & Manpower

MANPOWER

Excavator /
BACKHOE BULLDOZER DUMP TRUCK COMPACTOR Machine Operator
Considered Considered one of Needed on a
medium-sized the strongest and very large job
construction most reliable site.
equipment. heavy equipment Used to
used in the effectively
Performing the
Include construction compact soil and
industry. task of moving
adjustable shovel aggregates.
and dumping
in front and a
Used to move dirt material into or
small bucket for
or push piles of soil out of site.
digging.
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