SOLUTION THERMODYNAMICS

2. Midterm Make-Up Exam

11-06-2021

Important Notice: In this exam, some data is directly generated from your student ID. The x, y, z
codes are the last three digits of your ID, respectively. For example, if this is your student ID:
060100351, the X=3 Y=5 Z=1. For example: 5YZ K means 551 K

1) The Ga-Cd alloy at 9XY K exhibits a regular solution. The activity coefficient – molar fraction
relation is given below, answer the questions.

H Cd = 10ZXY (1-XCd)2 (Joule)

a) For XGa=0.25 composition, calculate the activity and activity coefficient values of both Ga and Cd.
b) Calculate the mixing free energy, mixing enthalpy and mixing entropy values of the solution
(XGa=0.25).
c) Calculate the activity, activity coefficient, partial molar free energy, partial molar enthalpy, partial
molar entropy values of only Ga for XGa=0.YX
d) If temperature was decreased from 700 K to 500 K, would you expect higher or lower activity
coefficient value for Ga and Cd? Explain.
e) Describe the - function (interatomic bond parameter). Calculate/find the - function for the
solution. Explain/compare the bond strengths for the solution. Is it an endothermic or exothermic
reaction? Does it require energy?

2) A galvanic cell is set up with electrodes of pure cadmium and solid solution of Pb-Cd alloy
(XCd = 0.12). At 7YX °C, the EMF of cell is 4Y.6 mV, and the temperature coefficient is 2x10-5 V/K.
(F = 96487 J/V gr ; Cd2+)

a) Calculate the activity, activity coefficient, partial molar free energy, partial molar enthalpy, and
partial molar entropy of Cd in the solution.
b) If a dilute solution exhibits, calculate the mixing Gibbs Free Energy of the solution.

3) Schematically draw “mixing Gibbs Free energy vs molar fraction” and “activity vs molar fraction”
changes for the given phase diagram at each temperature.
4) Answer the questions using given Ag-Cu phase diagram.

a) At the solubility limits (T=700 °C) calculate the activity and activity coefficients of Ag and
Cu.
b) Draw activity vs molar fraction in scale for the same conditions.
c) Calculate the mixing Gibbs Free Energy values at the solubility limits and plot mixing free
energy vs molar fraction change in scale.
d) Calculate the activity and activity coefficient values of Ag and Cu for the compositions of
XCu = 0.04 and XCu = 0.82