• Showing Respect for Intellectual Property Rights

• Part of the value of reading is encountering information that

could prove useful in the future. This is why many writers start
out as good readers, and remain good readers as they continue
to learn and share what information they gather.

• When writers used what they have read and learned, however it is
important for them to demonstrate a healthy respect for the rights of
the original writers. These rights include ownership of their ideas and
the way these were originally articulated and later writer using these
ideas to prove a point must take care to acknowledge the original
writers. To fail to do so would be to show disrespect to these writers
as well as knowingly or unknowingly commit academic dishonesty or
plagiarism.
Intellectual Property (IP) refers to the creations of the mind, such as
inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and
images used in commerce.

4 Categories of Intellectual Property

Copyright Dramatic, poetic, literary or artistic works

Patents is the granting of a property right by a sovereign

authority to an inventor.

apply to assets that serve as marketplace identifiers

Trade Marks for organizations' brands, including, but not limited
to, product or service names, logos and slogans

Trade Secrets is a formula, practice, process, design, instrument,

pattern, commercial method
A copyright is a collection of rights that automatically vest to someone who
creates an original work of authorship like a literary work, song, movie or
software. These rights include the right to reproduce the work, to prepare
derivative works, to distribute copies, and to perform and display the work
publicly.

In simpler terms, copyright is the right to copy.

 What is
?

Is an act or instance of using or closely

imitating the language and thoughts of another
author without authorization and the
representation of that author's work as one's
own, as by not crediting the original author:

• To Plagiarize means to steal and pass off

• To commit literary theft

In Intellectual Property areas, an infringement refers to an unauthorized use
of a copyrighted or patented invention. (https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/infringement)
When using information taken in any way from an existing source, the
information should be accompanied by an attribution to the original
source. A writer should always include even a simple acknowledgement
that names the source. Making these acknowledgment as informative as
possible will also help your reader find the original source if they want to
read more on the matter.

• The June 12, 2008 issue of Bulletin Today reports that…

• Noted news commentator Brian Palma once said that…
• The 2010 World Almanac lists…
• According to “Thai Recovery,” an article by Roger Canell
from the December 2007 issue of Asia week…
• My mathematics teacher Hannah Charo says that..
More formal compositions may use in text citations. As the name
implies, an in text citation is an acknowledgement of the original source
made directly in line with the text.

There are two ways to make in text citations:

1. Format prescribed by the (MLA) Modern Language Association

for humanities and arts and papers

2. Format prescribed by the (APA) American Psychological

Association for science papers.
 This lesson will focus on the MLA format.
• Parenthetical citations from the MLA format use the “author-page”
method when acknowledging print sources.

• MLA parenthetical citation style uses the author's last name and a
page number of the source where the quote was taken from.

These two may appear together or separately:

• Wordsworth describes Romantic poetry as a “spontaneous

overflow of powerful feelings” (263)

• Romantic poetry has been described as a “spontaneous overflow

of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263)
• Note that the parentheses may enclose the author and page together, or
just the page number when the author’s name is largely part of the
sentence. Also, while the parentheses are part of the sentence, the period
for the sentence is always outside the quote itself.

• When citing a written source by multiple authors, noting all their names
is essential whether the names appear with page number or separate
from it. In the case of four or more authors, simply writing the name of
the lead author followed by et al. (note the period) will suffice.
Examples

• Furman, Roberts and Hallit make the case that “ the characters
will be served by the story” (204)

• It has been the argued that the characters will be served by the
“story” (Furman, Roberts and Hallit 204)

• When characterizing villains, Chapman et al. recommend the use

of “honest, credible motivation.”

• “Honest, credible motivation” has been cited as a must when

characterizing villains (Chapman et al.18).
Pointing a reader to numerous sources that support the same point can be
done with the use of a semicolon to separate the sources.

• In various works, we find that a hero need not be perfect, a fact

that reflects the reality of the readers (Morrison et al.197; Waid
201; Loeb 311.
Activity 3

Choose one of these Enlightenment era writers and take some time to find
books that give you some background on them. Write a paragraph briefly
describing their origins, defining philosophies, and iconic works. Remember to
acknowledge your sources. In place of a bibliography, make brief list of the
titles and authors of the books you used after the paragraph.

• Alexander Pope
• Voltaire
• Jean Jacques-Rousseau