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of Motion
Translational Motion:
• Assuming constant acceleration=ac
Velocity as a function of time:
Position as a function of time:
Velocity as a function of position: 2
e.g.: 30
Newton’s Second Law of Motion (translational motion):
Translational Kinetic Energy (TKE):
1
2
1
Rotational Motion:
• Assuming constant angular acceleration, , about a fixed axis through the
centre of gravity of the body.
Angular velocity as a function of time:
Where: ,
Angular position as a function of time:
Where:
Velocity as a function of position: 2
Newton’s Second Law of Motion (pure rotational motion of a body):
Where:
• For a pure rotation, is the mass moment of inertia for the body about the
axis of rotation through the mass centre of the body.
·
• is the applied torque about the axis of rotation measured in (SI)
Rotational Kinetic Energy (RKE):
1
2
2
• Note that in general the total kinetic energy of a body consists of the scalar
sum of the body’s translational kinetic energy and rotational kinetic energy
about its mass centre. For simplicity, we will only consider pure rotational
systems (i.e., bodies with no translation rotating about the centre of mass).
Mass Moment of Inertia:
Problem:
1. A flywheel is rotating at 10000 rpm. The flywheel is a flat cylindrical steel
disk 60 cm in diameter and 7.5 cm thick. If it is rotating about the axis of
symmetry, what is the rotational kinetic energy? Assume that the
density of steel is 7.86 g/cm3.
2. Suppose that the flywheel is used as an energy storage device for a
vehicle with a total mass of 900 kg (including the flywheel). If the
flywheel is rotating at 10000 rpm, how many times can the vehicle be
3
accelerated from 0 to 100 km/hr without employing regenerative
breaking?
3. How does the energy storage capacity of the flywheel compare with that
of a 12V car battery with a capacity of 50 amp‐hrs?
4. A liter of gasoline can provide about 3.43X104 kJ of chemical energy.
How much energy is stored in the flywheel measured in terms of volume
of gasoline?
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