Perencanaan Struktur Pondasi

Canopy Entrance Gres Mall

Januari 2020

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1. Kriteria Perencanaan
• Peraturan yang digunakan: Peraturan Pembebanan Indonesi untuk Gedung 1983.
Beban angin diasumsikan 25 kg/m2
• Tegangan ijin tanah = 0,5 kg/cm2
• Mutu bahan : Beton K225, Besi Tulangan U24

2. Stabilitas Pondasi

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3. Perencanaan Struktur Beton Bertulang Pondasi
SPREAD FOUNDATION
1. Loading Data
P Loading : a. Permanent Load b. Temporary Load
Mx P = Axial Load
( w/o foundation weight )
Vx = 10,72 ton P = 10,72 ton
Vx = Shear ( x - direction )
= 0,30 ton Vx = 0,30 ton
Vz = Shear ( z - direction )
= 0,00 ton Vz = 0,00 ton
Df H Mx = Moment ( x - direction )
= 6,57 ton. m Mx = 6,57 ton.m
Mz = Moment ( z - direction )
= 0,00 ton.m Mz = 0,00 ton.m

Note : Leter inside bracket means Forces which have direction perpendicular
B (L) to this plane.

2. Assumed Dimension
b

h
Foundation Size Data :
H= 130 cm
Df = 120 cm
B= 275 cm
L= 150 cm
hf = 30 cm
d= 22,5 cm
H Df b= 40 cm
h= 40 cm

d hf

c1

Punching Shear Line :

b1
b1 = b + d = 62,5 cm
b2 = h + d = 62,5 cm
c1 = b/2 + d = 42,5 cm
L b2 c2 = h/2 + d = 42,5 cm

z c2

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3. Check of Soil Reaction "fe"
Design Loads :
a) Vertical Loads (P)

Perm. : P tot = P + Wf = 20498,8 kg

Temp. : P tot = P + Wf = 20498,8 kg
Where,Wf = Wp + Wb + Ws = 9777,3 Kg
Wp = Pedestal weight = 384 Kg
Wb = Footing weight = 2970 Kg
Ws = Soil weight on Footing = 6423,3 Kg

b) Moment due to Horizontal Force (M)

Permanent : Temporary :
Mx1 = Vx . H Mx1 = Vx . H
= 389,48 kg m = 389,48 kg m

Mz1 = Vz . H Mz1 = Vz . H
ex (ez)
= 0 kg m = 0 kg m

P tot c) Eccentricity (e)

- Perm. : Mx.tot = Mx1 + Mx = 6962 kg m ex = 33,9648 cm

Mz.tot = Mz1 + Mz = 0 kg m ez = 0,0000 cm
- Temp. : Mx.tot = Mx1 + Mx = 6962 kg m ex = 33,9648 cm
Xn > B Mz.tot = Mz1 + Mz = 0 kg m ez = 0,0000 cm

d) Compute "fe" : P tot

fe = α 2B . L
Take " α " depend on " e " condition below :

α = 1 + factor x + factor z

Where : ex(ez) < B(L)/6, factor x (z) = 6 ex(ez)/ B (L)

Xn < B ex(ez) > B(L)/6, factor x (z) = 2/ [3{0.5-ex(ez)/ B (L)}]

for this case :

- Perm. : ex < B/6 Factor x = 0,74
ez < L/6 Factor z = 0,00
Xn = Neutral Axis
- Temp. : ex < B/6 Factor x = 0,74
ez < L/6 Factor z = 0,00
e) Allowable soil stress "Fe" :
- Permanent - Temporary
Fe = 0,50 kg/cm2 Fe = 0,65 kg/cm2

f) Soil stress "fe" :

- Permanent - Temporary
P tot = 0,87 kg/cm 2 P tot = 0,87 kg/cm 2
fe = α fe =α
B*L B*L
> Fe Change > Fe Change
α = 1,741 α = 1,741

4. Check of Stability
Permanent : Temporary :
Overturning Moment ( OM ) : Mx tot = 6962,38 kg m Mx tot = 6962 kg m
Mz tot = 0 kg m Mz tot = 0
9 kg m
Resistant Moment ( RM ) : Ptot.B/2 = 28186 kg m Ptot . B/2 = 28186 kg m
Ptot.L/2 = 15374 kg m Ptot . L/2 = 15374 kg m
Permanent Load : RM / OM = Ptot . B = 4,0 > 2,0
2 . Mx tot
Temporary Load : RM / OM = Ptot . B = 4,0 > 1,5
2 . Mx tot

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5. Footing Design
5.1 Design Soil Reaction "qus"
fe max = 0,865 kg/cm 2
qus = 1.6 * ( fe max - Wf ) = 1,005 kg/cm 2 ; Note : 1.6 is used an average load factor,
B.L because the proportion of dead and
live load are not known.
5.2 Required Re-bar due to Bending Moment
a. Design Moment :
Mux = qus . L . ( B - b )2 /8 = 10407,3 kg m
Muz = qus . B . ( L - h )2 /8 = 4180,5 kg m
b. Steel Ratio, ρ :
fy = 2400 kg/cm 2
fc' = 122,5 kg/cm 2
m= fy = 23,0 ; Ø = 0,9
0.85 fc'

- About x - dirrection :
2
Rn = Mux = 15,2 kg/ cm
2
ø L d

ρ req = 1 1 - 1 - 2 m Rn = 0,0069 > ρ min

m fy

ρ min = 1.4 = 0,0058

fy ρ min = 0,0058
ρ r = 1.33 * r req = 0,0092
ρo = 0,0069
2
As = ρ o * L * d = 23,3 cm
D= 13 mm ; Ab = 1,33 cm 2
n = A s / Ab = 18
Spacing, s = 70 mm ; whichever is smaller.
Spacing Limit : S max = 2d = 450 mm Spacing s = 150 mm
take : D 13 @ 150

- About z - dirrection :
2
Rn = Muz = 3,3 kg/ cm
ø B d2
ρ req = 1 1 - 1 - 2 m Rn = 0,0014 < ρ min
m fy

ρ min = 1.4 = 0,0058

fy ρ min = 0,0019
ρ r = 1.33 * ρ req = 0,0019
ρo = 0,0019
2
As = ρ o * B * d = 11,6 cm
D= 13 mm ; Ab = 1,33 cm 2
n = A s / Ab = 9
spacing, s = 319 mm Whichever is smaller.
Spacing Limit : S max = 2d = 450 mm spacing s = 150 mm

take : D 13 @ 150

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5.3 Check of Shear Stress
2
Vux = qus * ( B/2 - c1) / d = 4,24 kg/cm <
2
ø (0.53 vfc') = 4,986 kg/cm
2
Vuz = qus * ( L/2 - c2) / d = 1,45 kg/cm <
Ok !!
5.4 Check of Punching Shear
2 2
Vup = qus * ( B*L - b1*b2) = 6,67 kg/cm < ø (1.06 vfc') = 9,972 kg/cm
2 * ( b1 + b2 ) * d
Ok !!
6. Sketch :

D 13 @ 150 D 13 @ 150

7. Pedestal :
Check requirement :
Ratio = Pedestal Length 100
= = 2,50 < 2.5 Short Column
Width of pedestal 40
Rebar requirement :
2
ρo= 0,01 As = ρ o Ag = 16,00 cm
2
Used 16D-13 As = 21,24 cm Ok!