9

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 3:
Angle of Elevation and Angle of
Depression
Mathematics – Grade 9
Quarter 4 – Module 3: Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

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Writers: Tito T. Daray Jr. & Roman John C. Lara
Editor: Alcy Mae R. Gracia
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 9

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 3:
Angle of Elevation and Angle of
Depression
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use
this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning at home. Furthermore, you are
expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included
in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different activities
in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be reminded of
the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience
meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant
competencies. You can do it!

ii
 Let Us Learn!

After going through this module, you are expected to: Illustrate angles of
elevation and angles of depression - M9GE-IVd-1 (MELCs)

Specifically, you will;

1. illustrate angle of elevation and angle of depression.
2. identify known, unknown and trigonometric pattern in angle of elevation and
angle of depression measure problems.
3. find the missing angle of elevation or angle of depression measure given two
sides.
4. find the missing side given the angle of elevation or angle of depression
measure and one sides.

Let Us Try!

Let us find out how much you already know about this module. Answer the
following questions as much as you can by writing on you answer sheet the letter
that you think is the correct answer. Take note of the items that you were not able
to answer correctly and then let us find out the correct answer as we go through this
module. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your answer
sheet.

For item 1 and 2, refer to figure A

B
C
A C

1. Which part of the illustration is the horizontal line?

a. %%%%
𝐴𝐵 %%%%
b. 𝐵𝐶 c. %%%%
𝐴𝐶 d. ∠A

2. Which part of the illustration is the line of sight?

a. %%%%
𝐴𝐵 %%%%
b. 𝐵𝐶 c. %%%%
𝐴𝐶 d. ∠A

3. Which of the following illustrates angle of elevation?

a. c.

b. d.

Page 3
4. Which of the following illustrates angle of depression?
a. c.

b. d.

5. What trigonometric ratio can be used to find the measure of the opposite side
given an angle of elevation or depression and its adjacent side?
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
a. tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% c. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
b. sin 𝑎 = d. cot 𝑎 =
-."!%&,/#& !""!#$%&

6. What trigonometric ratio can be used to find the measure of the hypotenuse
if the given are the angle of elevation or depression and its opposite side?
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
a. tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% c. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%& !""!#$%&
b. sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& d. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&

7. How do we find the angle of elevation or depression if the given is the ratio
between its opposite side and its adjacent side?
!""!#$%&
a. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
!""!#$%&
the sine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
()*(+&,%
b. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arccosine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
!""!#$%&
c. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% and get
!""!#$%&
the arctangent of the ratio ()*+(&,%
.
()*(+&,%
d. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cot 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arctangent of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.

8. How do we find a missing angle of elevation or depression measure if the given

is the ratio between its adjacent side and its hypotenuse side?
!""!#$%&
a. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern sin 𝑎 = and get
-."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%&
the sine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
()*(+&,%
b. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arccosine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.

Page 4
 !""!#$%&
c. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern tan 𝑎 = and get
()*(+&,%
!""!#$%&
the arctangent of the ratio ()*+(&,%
.
()*(+&,%
d. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cot 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arctangent of the ratio .
-."!%&,/#&

9. How do we find a missing angle of elevation or depression measure if the given

is the ratio between its opposite side and its hypotenuse side?
!""!#$%&
a. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
!""!#$%&
the sine of the ratio .
-."!%&,/#&
()*(+&,%
b. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arccosine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
!""!#$%&
c. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern tan 𝑎 = and get
()*(+&,%
!""!#$%&
the arctangent of the ratio ()*+(&,%
.
()*(+&,%
d. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cot 𝑎 = and get
-."!%&,/#&
()*(+&,%
the arctangent of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.

10. Given horizontal line PR is 8 ft, line of sight PQ is 17 ft and height QR is 15 ft,
which of the following could be true?
0 12 12 0
a. cos 𝑃 = 12 b. tan 𝑄 = 0
c. sin 𝑃 = 13 d. cos 𝑄 = 12

11. An airplane approaches an airport. At a certain time, the plane is 1020 m

high. Its angle of elevation measured from the airport is 20.5o. How far is the
plane from the airport to the nearest meter?
a. 2728 m b. 2913 m c. 1089 m d. 3 m

12. For problem number 11, which trigonometric ratio can be used?
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
a. tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% c. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%& -."!%&,/#&
b. sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& d. csc 𝑎 = ()*(+&,%

13. A student sees a bird on top of a 12m high light pole. The student is standing
20m from the base of the pole. At what angle must the student incline her
camera to take a picture of the bird?
a. 310 b. 370 c. 590 d. 870

14. Pedro stood 12 m from the base of a tree. He used a clinometer to sight the
top of the tree. The angle shown on the clinometer was 70°. He held the
clinometer 2 m about the ground. What is the height of the tree?
a. 32.97 m b. 34.97 m c. 39 m d. 37 m

Page 5
 15. A traffic helicopter is patrolling the air. The chopper is 63 m above the
highway. An accident is located at an angle of depression of 27o from the
chopper. How far along the highway is the accident?
a. 321 m b. 231 m c. 124 m d. 322 m

Let Us Study

A. Illustrating Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression

Looking upward or looking downward direction from the horizontal line to the line of
sight upon observing an object is the basis in illustrating angle of elevation or angle
of depression. Observe and explore the following concepts.

Angle of Elevation

The angle of elevation is formed between the horizontal line and your line
of sight to the object above you.

ht
i ne of Sig
L

Horizontal line

Page 6
 Angle of Depression

The angle of depression is formed between the horizontal line and your
line of sight to the object below you

Horizontal line

Line
of Si
g ht

Instruction: Draw a picture of each scenario, identify the segment that represents
the horizontal line, the segment that represents the line of sight, the segment that
represents the height/altitude and the angle of elevation or angle of depression.

Example 1
Mario is 5 km. away from the height of an airplane with 450 angle of elevation.

Steps in illustrating an angle of elevation in a right triangle.

1. You may figure out the scenario by drawing in this manner.

5 km. 5k
B B
45O o or 45O
A C C A

2. %%%% _
Identify the horizontal line. ___𝐴𝐶
3. %%%% _
Identify the line of sight (a line from point of observation to the object). __𝐴𝐵
4. Identify the height or altitude ___𝐵𝐶 %%%% _
5. The angle of elevation is illustrated as ∠BAC, ∠CAB or ∠A since, this is the
angle formed between the horizontal line and the line of sight.

Page 7
Example 2

Mario is watching 5 m. away his pet dog with 550 angle of depression.

Steps in illustrating an angle of elevation in a right triangle.

1. You may figure out the scenario by drawing in this manner.

A 5m C C 5m A
550 550
or
B B

2. %%%%__
Identify the horizontal line (a line from left to right). ___𝐴𝐶
3. %%%% _
Identify the line of sight (a line from point of observation to the object). ___𝐴𝐵
4. Identify the height or altitude ___𝐵𝐶%%%% _
5. The angle of depression is illustrated as ∠BAC, ∠CAB or ∠A since this is the
angle formed between the horizontal line and the line of sight below.

Example 3

Mario is watching 5 m. away his pet dog and his eyes is approximately 1 m.
high from the ground.

Steps in illustrating an angle of elevation in a right triangle.

1. You may figure out the scenario by drawing in this manner.

A 5m C C 5m A
1m 1m
or
B B

%%%%__
2. Identify the horizontal line (a line from left to right). ___𝐴𝐶
%%%% _
3. Identify the line of sight (a line from point of observation to the object). ___𝐴𝐵
4. Identify the height or altitude ___𝐵𝐶%%%% _
5. The angle of depression is illustrated as ∠BAC, ∠CAB or ∠A since this is the
angle formed between the horizontal line and the line of sight below. In this
case, the angle of depression is the unknown. Since opposite side (height)
and the adjacent side (horizontal line) are the given, tan ration is applicable
to solve this kind of problem.

Page 8
B. Solving Word Problems Involving Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression

Finding right pattern is one of the most important key in solving a problem. After
drawing or sketching the scenario of the problem, finding the known and unknown
will give you the idea how will you process your solution and eventually will direct
you in solving the problem.

The angle of elevation and angle of depression problem has two basic known
and unknown scenarios.

1. An angle of elevation or angle of depression with one side are known and you
will be asked to find the measure of another unknown side.
2. Two sides are known and you will be asked to find the measure of unknown
angle of elevation or angle of depression.

Both scenarios seek the help of SOH-CAH-TOA pattern to solve the missing side
or angle measure.

Problem 1: A guy wire is tied to help support the tree while its roots take hold. An 8
ft. wire is attached to the tree and to a stake in the ground. From the stake in the
ground the angle of elevation of the connection with the tree is 42º. Find to
the nearest tenth of a foot, the height of the connection point on the tree.

The illustration at the right shows the following known or

given and the unknown by ∆ABC

a. An angle of elevation is measured 420 from the

horizontal line which is the ground to its line of sight.

B
b. The variable “c” is 8 ft. guy wire tied from the trunk of
c = 8 ft. a tree to the ground which illustrates the hypotenuse
a of the right triangle. Commonly, the right angle is
represented by capital letter C and opposite to it is the
hypotenuse which is represented by the small letter c.

C A

c. The variable “a” is the unknown side which is the measure from the tied guy
wire to the ground. Commonly, a small letter denotes the opposite side of the
capital letter represented by the angle.

d. Since “a” is opposite to the given angle and 8 in. is the hypotenuse of the
opposite "#"
right triangle, we will use the pattern SOH. sin A =
$%&#'()*+( "$"

Page 9
We can simply write;
Given: m∠ A = 420
c = 8 ft.
Unknown: a = ?
#
Trig. Function Pattern: sin A = .,
$
where opposite “o” is the height “a” and hypotenuse “h” is 8 ft.

4
Solution: sin 420 = 5.
a = sin 42o (8)
a = 0.6691 (8)
a = 5.35 ft.

Therefore, the height of the trunk from the guy wire to the ground is
approximately 5.35 ft.

In some cases, the unknown is the angle measure in the illustration of angle
of elevation and angle of depression, an inverse trigonometric function will be used.

The Three Basic Inverse Trigonometric Function Patterns Using

Scientific Calculator
a. The Inverse Sine Function or Arcsin (sin -1)
opposite "#" #
If sin A = , then, angle measure A = sin
$%&#'()*+( "$"
-1 (
$
)
- -
Ex. If sin A = , then, A = sin -1 ( )
. .
Using scientific calculator:
[2nd or shift] → [sin] → [ ( ] → [ 1 ] → [ ÷ or ab/c ] → [ 3 ] → [ ) ] → [ = ]
A = 19.470
b. The Inverse Cosine Function or Arccos (cos -1)

adjacent "/" /
If cos A =
$%&#'()*+( "$"
, then, angle measure A = cos -1 (
$
)
- -
Ex. If cos A = , then, A = cos -1 ( )
0 0
Using scientific calculator:
[2nd or shift] → [cos] → [ ( ] → [ 1 ] → [ ÷ or ab/c ] → [ 2 ] → [ ) ] → [ = ]
A = 600

Page 10
 c. The Inverse Tangent Function or Arctan (tan -1)

#&&#+1'( "#" #
If tan A =
adjacent "/"
, then, angle measure A = tan -1 (
/
)

16 -3
Ex. If tan A = , then, A = tan -1 ( ) or A = tan-1 (2)
2 2
Using scientific calculator:
[2nd or shift] → [tan] → [ ( ] → [ 16 ] → [ ÷ or ab/c ] → [ 8 ] → [ ) ] → [ =]
or [2nd or shift] → [tan] → [ 2 ] → [ = ]
A = 63.430

Problem 2: A ladder leans against the wall. The foot of the ladder is 6 feet from the
wall. The ladder reaches a height of 15 feet height of the wall. Find to the angle of
elevation the ladder makes with the ground in hundredths place.
B
Given: a = 15 ft Unknown n ∠ A = ?
b = 6 ft
Trigonometric Pattern
a =15 ft.
.//.0123
tan A =
45647382
Solution
15
tan A =
3
A b = 6 ft. C
15
A = tan-1 ( )
3
angle of elevation
A = 68.200
Angle of Elevation is 68.200

Page 11
 Let Us Practice
Identify the Line of Sight, Horizontal Line, Altitude and Angle of Elevation
and Depression.

In the given diagram of a ladder leaning against a wall,

a. identify the line of sight ___________

b. identify the horizontal line ___________
c. identify the height or altitude ____________
d. identify the angle of elevation ____________

Let Us Practice More

Identify the given, unknown and right trigonometric pattern; SOH, CAH or TOA.
Then, solve the problem.

Problem 1: From the top of a fire tower, a forest ranger sees his partner on the
ground at an angle of depression of 40º. If the tower is 45 feet in height, how far is
the partner from the base of the tower?

AC b C Hint: CB is equal to the height of the tower

and AC is equal to the distance between the
foot of the tower to point B.

45 ft. Given: ____________ Unknown: ____________

____________
Trigonometric Pattern: ________
Base of B
the tower Solution:

Page 12

____________________________________________
Problem 2: From the top of a slide, a child sees a cat. The cat is 20 m away from the
foot of the slide and the length of the slide is 25 m. Find the angle of depression.

A b C Given: ____________ Unknown: ____________

____________

25 m Trigonometric Pattern:

a
____________________________________________
Solution:
20 m B

Angle of Depression is __________

Let Us Remember

• The angle of elevation is formed between the horizontal line and your line of
sight to the object above you
• The angle of depression is formed between the horizontal line and your line
of sight to the object below you
• To solve problems involving angles of depression and elevation, you need to
illustrate the problem, then identify the given and the trigonometric pattern
involved.

Let Us Assess
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. An airplane approaches an airport. At a certain time, the plane is 1020 m

high. Its angle of elevation measured from the airport is 20.5o. How far is the
plane from the airport to the nearest meter?
a. 2728 m b. 2913 m c. 1089 m d. 3 m

2. For problem number 2, which trigonometric ratio can be used?

!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
a. tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% c. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%& -."!%&,/#&
b. sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& d. csc 𝑎 = ()*(+&,%

Page 13
3. How do we find a missing angle of elevation or depression measure if the given
is the ratio between its opposite side and its hypotenuse side?
!""!#$%&
a. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
!""!#$%&
the sine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
()*(+&,%
b. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arccosine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
!""!#$%&
c. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% and get
!""!#$%&
the arctangent of the ratio .
()*+(&,%
()*(+&,%
d. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cot 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arctangent of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.

4. What trigonometric ratio can be used to find the measure of the hypotenuse
if the given are the angle of elevation or depression and its opposite side?
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
a. tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% c. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%& !""!#$%&
b. sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& d. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&

5. Which of the following illustrates angle of depression?

a. c.

b. d.

6. How do we find the angle of elevation or depression if the given is the ratio
between its opposite side and its adjacent side?
!""!#$%&
a. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
!""!#$%&
the sine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
()*(+&,%
b. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arccosine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
!""!#$%&
c. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% and get
!""!#$%&
the arctangent of the ratio ()*+(&,%
.
()*(+&,%
d. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cot 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arctangent of the ratio .
-."!%&,/#&

Page 14
 7. Given horizontal line PR is 8 ft, line of sight PQ is 17 ft and height QR is 15
ft, which of the following could be true?
0 12 12 0
a. cos 𝑃 = 12 b. tan 𝑄 = 0
c. sin 𝑃 = 13 d. cos 𝑄 = 12

8. A traffic helicopter is patrolling the air. The chopper is 63 m above the

highway. An accident is located at an angle of depression of 27o from the
chopper. How far along the highway is the accident?
a. 321 m b. 231 m c. 124 m d. 322 m

9. How do we find a missing angle of elevation or depression measure if the given

is the ratio between its adjacent side and its hypotenuse side?
!""!#$%&
a. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
!""!#$%&
the sine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
()*(+&,%
b. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arccosine of the ratio -."!%&,/#&
.
!""!#$%&
c. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% and get
!""!#$%&
the arctangent of the ratio .
()*+(&,%
()*(+&,%
d. Substitute the given and unknown in the pattern cot 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& and get
()*(+&,%
the arctangent of the ratio .
-."!%&,/#&

10. What trigonometric ratio can be used to find the measure of the opposite side
given an angle of elevation or depression and its adjacent side?
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
a. tan 𝑎 = ()*(+&,% c. cos 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#&
!""!#$%& ()*(+&,%
b. sin 𝑎 = -."!%&,/#& d. cot 𝑎 = !""!#$%&

11. Which of the following illustrates angle of elevation?

a. c.

b. d.

For items 12 and 13, refer to figure A

B
C
A C

Page 15
 12. Which part of the illustration is the horizontal line?
a. %%%%
𝐴𝐵 %%%%
b. 𝐵𝐶 c. %%%%
𝐴𝐶 d. ∠A

13. Which part of the illustration is the line of sight?

a. %%%%
𝐴𝐵 %%%%
b. 𝐵𝐶 c. %%%%
𝐴𝐶 d. ∠A

14. A student sees a bird on top of a 12m high light pole. The student is standing
20m from the base of the pole. At what angle must the student incline her
camera to take a picture of the bird?
a. 310 b. 370 c. 590 d. 870

15. Pedro stood 12 m from the base of a tree. He used a clinometer to sight the
top of the tree. The angle shown on the clinometer was 70°. He held the
clinometer 2 m about the ground. What is the height of the tree?
a. 32.97 m b. 34.97 m c. 39 m d. 37 m

Let Us Enhance

Performance Task 1: Making an Improvised Clinometer

A simple version of surveying equipment, a clinometer, can be used to find the
angle you are looking, for instance, from where you are standing to the top of a
tree. Combined with the distance from clinometer to the base of the tree can be used
to calculate the objects total height. The following are the instructions on how to
make a basic clinometer from materials.
Materials:
- a clinometer template cut out
- glue/paste
- folder/cardboard/illustration board (the size of a short bond paper will do)
- transparent tape
- straw (this needs to be straight enough so that you can see through it).
- 8-inch thread or string
- weight (this could be any small object such as a binder clip, nut, washer, or
a small clay)

Instructions:
1. Cut out the clinometer template and glue it on a cardboard (folder or
illustration board)
2. Tie the string at the middle of the straw.
3. Attach the straw, with the string, to the straight edge of the clinometer
template using a tape.
4. Adjust the string such that its knot is on top of the "cross", then secure the
knot with a tape.

Page 16
 incorrect incorrect correct

source: www.subtangent.com/maths

5. Tie the end of the string to the object intended for weight (binder clip, washer,
nut, clay, etc.)
6. Your clinometer is ready to use.

Your clinometer should look like this:

You can look

through this
end of the
straw to view
the object,
which angle of
elevation or
depression,
you want to
measure.

Page 17
How to use a clinometer?
1. Look through the straw at the top (for angle of elevation)/bottom (for angle of
depression) of the object. Make sure you can clearly see the object. One end
of the straw should be at a distance nearest to your viewing eye.
2. The imaginary line from your eyes to the top/bottom of the object is the LINE
OF SIGHT.

3. Hold the clinometer steady and record the angle the string makes on the scale
of the clinometer.

Rubrics:
Criteria Outstanding Satisfactory Needs Poor Not done
Improvement
10 8 6 4 2
Craftmanship Clinometer is Clinometer is not Clinometer is Clinometer Materials
neat and well- neat but not neat and is not neat are there
made accurate and some parts and some but not
well made are not parts are done
accurate but not accurate
sturdy and not
sturdy

Page 18
CLINOMETER
You may cut-out the template on this page and paste it on a cardboard/folder. The
second template below is intended as your extra.

source: www.subtangent.com/maths

Page 19
Performance Task 2: Measuring Height Using Clinometer
Materials:
- Clinometer
- Tape measure
- Paper
- Pen or pencil
Steps:
1. Pick a spot to measure your object, a building, a pole or a tree. Please take note
of the quarantine restrictions in your area. Should you not be allowed to go
out, you may measure the height of objects/structures inside your house
such as, but not limited to, wall, ceiling fan, light bulb and ceiling.
2. You should be far enough away from your object that you can see the top of it,
and you need to be on level ground with the base of the object.
3. Sight the tip of the of the height using the clinometer the top of whatever object
you're measuring. The weighted string should hang down freely, crossing the
protractor portion of the clinometer. Read the angle shown, as an angle of
elevation from your eye to the top of the pole. An assistant can help you here to
read the measurement while you look through the straw. Record your results on
your paper.
4. Once you have your angle of elevation, use your tape measure to find the distance
from the spot you’re standing to the base of the object you’re measuring. You
may ask an assistant comes in handy here, too. We must know how far away you
are to accurately calculate the height.
5. The last piece of data you need to calculate the height of your object is the height
from the ground to your eye (your eye-height). Have your assistant help you
measure this using your tape measure.
6. In calculating the height of the object you just measured, I find it helpful to begin
by drawing a picture and labeling it with all of the information I have.
7. The next step is to simplify your drawing to model your system as a right
triangle. Label your triangle with the angle you read on your clinometer as well
as the distance you were standing from the object (we don’t need the eye-height
just yet).
8. Solve for the unknown height of the right triangle.
9. The height of your object is equal to the height of the right triangle value we just
found plus the eye-height we measured earlier. Organize the illustration or
drawing with measurements and complete solution in a short bond paper.

Page 20
Illustrative Guide for the Performance Task:

height of
gh t
o f si the right
line triangle

le of
ang tion
a
elev
horizontal line
height
from
ground to
eye

distance from the observer to the base of the object

For you to find the height of the object, take note of the following:
• the length of the horizontal line is equal to the distance from the observer to
the base of the object.
• to solve for the height of the triangle, the horizontal distance and angle of
elevation should be determined, then use the tan ratio.
• the height of the object is the sum of the height of the right triangle plus
the height from ground to eye.

Rubrics:
Criteria Outstanding Satisfactory Needs Poor Not
Improvement done
10 8 6 4 2
Completeness Illustration Illustration Illustration Illustration No
and solution and solution and solution and solution output
are neat, are neat, are neat, are neat but found
organize, organize, organize, but not organize,
clear and clear but not clear and not clear and
complete. incomplete. incomplete. incomplete.
Correctness All the parts All the parts All the parts All the parts Has
of the of the of the of the started
illustration illustration illustration are illustration to
are correctly are correctly correctly are correctly illustrate
labeled, given labeled, given labeled, given labeled, and
and unknown and unknown and unknown given and solved
are correct, are correct, are correct, unknown are but
applies applies applies wrong incorrect, totally
correct correct mathematical applies wrong
mathematical mathematical equation and wrong
equation and equation and shows mathematical
shows correct shows incorrect equation and
answer incorrect answer shows
answer incorrect
answer

Page 21
 Let Us Reflect

Instruction: Explain briefly and concisely.

1. How does it feel when you are able to accomplish things using alternative ideas
or ways?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Does being creative and innovative helpful in solving our daily problem? Cite a
concrete scenario.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Page 22
 Page 23
Let Us Assess Let Us Practice More
1. A 11. A
1.
2. A 12. C
Given: A = 40o, a = 45 ft
3. A 13. A
Unknown: b
4. B 14. A !"
5. C 15. B Trigo. Pattern: tan 40 = $
6. C Answer: b = 53.63 ft.
7. C
8. C 2.
9. B Given: AB = 25 m, AC = 20
10. A m
Unknown: angle A
%&
Trigo. Pattern: cos 𝐴 =
%"
Answer: A = 36.870
Let Us Practice Let Us Try
Activity 1
.... __ 1. C 11. A
1. line of sight ___𝐴𝐵
2. A 12. A
2. horizontal line ___𝐴𝐶.... _
3. A 13. A
3. height or altitude ___𝐵𝐶 .... _
4. C 14. B
4. The angle of elevation ∠BAC, ∠CAB or ∠A 5. A 15. C
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. C
Answer key to Activities
 References

Nivera, Gladys C., Grade 7. Mathematics - Patterns and. Practicalities.

Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press. Makati. City

https://www.instructables.com/Using-a-clinometer-to-measure-height/

https://www.subtangent.com/maths

Page 24
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Davao City Division
Elpidio Quirino Ave., Poblacion District, Davao City, 8000 Davao del Sur

Telefax: (082) 224-3274, (082) 222-1672

E-mail Address: davao.city@deped.gov.ph