I

NTEGRATEDENGLI
SH
MrI
saboke0705525657
I
NTERGRATEDEngl
i
shLi
ter
atur
e(Gener
alGui
del
i
nes) 3
Sect
ionI- 9
 E-mai
l+CV
 Mi
nut
es
 I
nter
nal
memo
 Bookr
evi
ew
 Conf
ident
ial
repor
t+E-mai
l
 Reci
pe
 I
nter
nal
memo
 Speech+E-mai
l
 Fax
 Bookr
evi
ew
 I
nst
ruct
ions/di
rect
ions
 I
nter
nal
memo
Sect
ionI
I 35
 Sect
ionA–unseent
ext
 Sect
ionB–compr ehensi
on:-
Question2–anexcer ptfr
om oneoft
hecompul
sor
ytext
s
 Sect
ionC
 Question3–l i
ter
aryappreci
ati
on
 Poems
 Oralnarrat
ives
 Grammar–quest i
on4

Sect
ionI
II 99
 Sect
ionA–unseent
ext
 Sect
ionB–compr
ehensi
on:
-
Quest
ion2–anexcer
ptf
rom oneoft
hecompul
sor
ytext
s
 Sect
ionC
Quest
ion3–l
i
ter
aryappr
eci
ati
on
 Poems
 Or
alnar
rat
ives
 Gr
ammar–QUESTI
ON4
Answer
s
Sect
ionI 105
Sect
ionI
I 129
Sect
ionI
II 161

INTEGRATEDENGLI SHLI TERATURE

Int
roduct i
on
Thet eachi ngandl ear ningofEngl i
shasasecondl anguageentail
st hatalear nerdoesa
l
otofpr acticei nt hefourkeyar easof :
i)Listening
ii
)Speaki ng
ii
i)Readi ng
iv)Wr iti
ng
Thist heref oremeanst hatadi agnosti
cappr oachtoestabli
shlearner’sproblemsmustbe
careful
lydone.Al l ofuswill agreet hatifonemustl earnswimmi ngthenitmeanst hat ,
the
swimmi ngcandi dat eshoul dber eadytostepint hewat erandpracti
cethel earni
ngofEngl ish
entai
lsthatonei sexposedt othel anguagef ul
ly
Acandi dat epreparingt osi tfortheK.C.S.Eexamsmusthav eav erymast eryoft he
fol
lowing
1.GRAMMAR
Thest udyofgr ammarshoul dhel pthestudenttocommuni cateclear l
yandunder st
and
wellandcl ear l
ywhati shear dandr ead.Grammarent ai
ls
a)Par t
sofspeech
i
)Nouns
 Commonnouns
 Pr opernouns count
 Concr etenouns
 Abst ractnouns Non-count

Regul
arnouns
 Number
I
rr
egul
arnouns
 Col l
ect ivenouns
 Compoundnouns
 Possessi v es
 Useofphr asalquant ifier
s
 Ty pical nounder ivations
 Gender–sensi ti
vel anguage
 Funct ionsofnounsi nsent ences–subject
,obj
ect
,compl
ement
i
i
)Pronouns
 Per sonal pronouns
 Possessi v epr onouns
 Ref lexi
vepr onouns
 Funct ionsofpr onouns
 Numberandper soni npronouns
 Inter r
ogativepr onouns
 Relat i
vepr onouns
i
i
i)Ver
bs
 Lexi cal–r egul arv erbs/irr
egul arverbs
 Auxi li
aryv erbs–pr imaryandmodal
 Tenses–si mpl epr esenttense/si mplepastt
ense
 Aspect–per fect i
veandpr ogr essive
 Fut uretime
 Transi ti
veandi ntransit
ivev erbs
 Infi
ni ti
ves
  Phr asal ver bsandi diomat i
cexpr essi ons
 Par t i
ci ples
 Par t i
ci pat ephr ases
 Ger unds
i
v)Adjectiv es
 Compar at i
v eandsuper l
ativef orms
 Regul arandi rregul aradj ectives
 Gr adabl eandnon-gr adabl eadj ect iv es
 Or derofadj ectives
 Quant ifi
er s–f ew, af ew, li
ttle,al ittl
e
 Posi ti
onofadj ect i
v es–pr edicat ive/at tr
ibuti
ve
 Ty pical endi ngsofadj ect i
ves
 Funct ionsofadj ect i
v es
v
)Adv erbs
 Adv er bsofmanner ,timeandf requency
 Adv er bsofpl aceanddegr ee
 Compar ativeandsuper lati
v efor msofadv er
bs
 For mat i
onofadv er bs
 Funct ionsofadv erbs( modi f
iers)
 Posi tionofadv erbsi nsent ences
 Ty pi cal endi ngsofadv erbs
v
i)Preposi tions
 Simpl epr eposit i
ons–i n,of ,at
 Compl expr eposi tion–despi tet hef act,i
nspiteof
 Di stingui shingpr eposi ti
onsf r
om connect orsandadv erbpar
ti
cles
 Funct ionsofpr eposi ti
onsi nasent ence
v
ii
)Conj unct i
ons
 Co- or di nat i
ngconj unct ions–and, butor
 Sub- or dinat ingconj unct i
ons–because, whent hat
,which
 Cor relat i
v econj unct ions–bot h…. .and
-Notonl y…. .butal so
-Nei ther……. .nor
-Ei t
her………or
-Nosooner……….That
 Funct ionsofconj unct ionsi nsent ences
v
ii
i)Arti
cles
 Def i
ni tear t
icle–t he
 Indef i
ni tear ti
cl
es–a, an
i
x)Int
erject ions
 Ident i
f i
cat i
onandusagei nsent ences

b)Phr
ases
 Constituentsofanouni .
e.determi ner,
modifi
er+mai
nnoun
 Exampl esofnounphr ases
 Constituentsofv erbandadv erbphr asesandexampl
es
 Prepositi
onal andadj ecti
valphr ases
c)Si
mplesent ences
 Sentencest ructure(subject,
pr edicate)
 Typesofsent ences
 Declarati
v e/affir
mat ive
 I
mper ative
 I
nterrogative
 Negat i
ve
 Exclamat ory
d)Clauses
 Independentandsub- ordinat ecl
auses(
rel
ati
veandadv
erbal
clauses)
 Compoundsent ences
 Compl exsent ences
 Activeandpassi vev oice
 Condi t
ional andadj ectiv
al clauses
 Nouncl auses
 Compound–compl exsent ences
 Directandi ndirectspeech
 Inversi
ons
 Sentenceconnect ors
 Subst i
tuti
onandel l
i
psis

2. LI
STENI NGANDSPEAKI NG
Bythet i
meacandi dat
epr eparestosi
tforthefi
nalexam i
tisexpect
edthatt
heyhave
beenpr ov i
dedwit
happropr i
ateoppor
tuni
ti
esintheaboveareas.Thi
sisdonethr
ough:
 Reciti
ngpoems
 Tell
ingst ori
es
 Discussingcontempor
aryi ssues
 Debating
 Dramat i
zing
 Role–pl ay i
ng
 Speechdr i
ll
s

Contentandl i
steningandspeaki ng
a)Pronunci ati
on
 Engl ishsounds–v owel andconsonantsounds
 Di stinctionbet weenEngl ishsounds,mothertongueandKiswahi
l
i
 I dentifi
cationofpr obl
emat icsounds
 Mast eryofpr oblematicsoundsi nmeaningf
ul cont
ext
si.
e.byuseoft
onguet
wist
ers,
songsandpoems
 St ressandi ntonation
 Rhy mei npoet r
y
 Wor dpl ay( puns)
 Al li
terationandassonancei npoetry
 Di stinguishingwor dclassont hebasisofst
ress
 Useoft onet or evealatti
tude

b)List
eni
ngcompr ehensionandnot e–t aking
Thi
ssecti
onisverycommoni npaper101/2and101/
1
 List
eni
ngandr espondingt ooralnar
rati
v es
- My t
hs
- Legends
- Dil
emma
- Tri
ckster
- Ogre/fable
- Animal/planttales
Featur
esofeachgenreofor allit
erat
ure
Li
steni
ngandrespondingtoi nformati
on/arti
cleson:
- Chil
dren’sri
ghts
- Chil
dlabour
- Envir
onment
- HIV/AIDS
- Moralvalues
 - I ssuesofsoci alresponsi bi
li
ty
- Dr ugandsubst anceabuse
- Equal roleofmenandwomen
- I ntegr ity /ant i-cor r
uptioneducat i
on
- I nf ormat iont echnology
- Pov ertyer adi cation
- Ski ll
sofat tent ionandt urntakingthroughuseofdi alogues
c)Mast er yofcont ent
Thissect ioni scommoni npaper101/ 1
- Debat es
- I nter views
- Di scussi on
- Speeches
- Or al repor ts
d)Etiquet te
-Useofcour teousl anguagee. g.t
anky ousi r
,excusemesor r
y,pl
easee.t
.c.
-Telephoneet i
quet te
-Appr opriatechoi ceofr egister
-Int
errupt inganddi sagr eeingpol i
tel
y
-Negot iationski lls
-Turnt aking
-Pay i
ngat tent ion( listening)
e)Non-v erbal cuest hatenhancel i
steningandspeaki ng(Commoni npaper101/ 1and
101/
2)
-Impor tanceofr espect i
ngper sonal space
-Facialexpr essi ons, gesturesandey econt act
-Bowi ng/cur t
sy ing
-Appear anceandgr oomi ng
-Thear eaofl isteni ngandspeaki ngisv erycruci
alforstudentspr
epari
ngt osi
tforKCSE
examsandanyot her .Questionsonor alskil
ls–paper101/ 1and101/2ar enormall
y
drawnf rom t hisar ea

3.READI NG
Masteryofr eadi ngi shandyast hisisav er
yimpor
tantcomponentofl
anguagel
ear
ning
a)Contentar ea
 Silentr eading–av oidthefoll
owi ng:
Mov i
ngl ips
Verbali
zingwor ds
Useoff inger s
Mov i
ngt hehead
 Dev elopmentofgoodr eadinghabitsin:
Si
lentreadi ng
Readingal oud
Speedr eadi ng
 Usi ngdi ctionary
 Usi ngt hel i
br ar
y
 Scanni ngandski mmi ng
 Usi ngr eferencemat eri
als
 Interpr et iv
er eading
 St udyr eadi ng
 Not e–maki ng
 Cr it
ical r
eadi ng
 Recogni zingat ti
tudeandt one
 Di sti
ngui shingf actsfr
om opinions
 Cl oser eadi ng
b)I
ntensi
ver
eading
1. i )St udyofpoems,pl
aysandshor
tst
ori
es
ii
)Plotandli
ter
aryl
anguage

2. i
)Studyofnovel
s,play
sandpoems
i
i
)Character
izat
ionandthemes
i
i
i)Aspect
sofst yl
e

3. i
)Studyofnov els,
plays,poemsandshortst
ori
es
i
i
)Criti
calanaly
sisofthreeprescr
ibedt
exts(
setbooks)
i
i
i)Orall
it
erature

c)Extensiver eading
i
)Liter
acyandnon-l iteracymat eri
alsoncont
empor
aryi
ssuessuchas:
 Chi l
dren’ srights
 Chi l
dlabour
 Env ir
onment
 HI V/AIDS
 Mor alv alues
 Soci alresponsi bi
lity
 Genderr esponsi veness
 Dr ugandsubst anceabuse
 Humanr ight s
 Integri
ty
 Goodgov ernance
 Technol ogicaladv ancement
 Pov ertyer adicat i
on
i
i)Adventurest ories
i
ii
)Fairytal
es
i
v)Poems
v)Plays
vi
)Nov el
s
vi
i)Shortstori
es
vi
ii
)Newspaper s, magazi nes,per
iodi
cal
s
i
x)Biographies
x)Reports

d)Comprehensi
onskil
l
s
i
)Recal
l,
comprehensi
onappli
cat
ion,
anal
ysi
s,sy
nthesi
sandev
aluat
ion
i
i
)Summar yandnotetaki
ng

4. WRI TING
Thisi saski l
loflanguagelearningthatneedsal otofpr
act
ice
Cont ent
a)Handwr i
ti
ng
-Legi bil
ityandtidi
ness
b)Spel l
ing
-Mast eryofspelli
ngrules
-Mast ercommonl ymi sspeltwords
c)Bui ldingsentenceskill
sandpar agraphing
-Writingcl earandcorrectsentences
-Struct ureoftheparagraph-Topi csent ences
 -Suppor tingsent ences
-Cl inchersent ences
-Sequenci ngofi deas
-Uni t
yinpar agr aphs
-Sentencev ari
ety–usi ngsimpl e,compoundandcompl exsent
ences
-Devicesofdev elopingpar agr aphs
-Givingr easons/exampl es
-Compar ingandcont rasting
-Usingi diomat i
cexpr essi ons
-Usingf acts/st at i
sti
cs
-Usingr hetorical quest i
ons
-Cohesioninpar agraphs
-Usingtransit
ional wor dsandphr ases
-Choiceofwor ds
-Recurrentwor ds(differentwor dsthatr efertothesamei
deainthepar
agr
aph)
-Paraphrasing

d)Punctuat ion
i
)Capi talization
i
i)Final punct uati
onmar ks
i
ii
)Commas
i
v)Quest ionmar ks
v)Apost rophe
vi
)Hy phen
vi
i)Col on
vi
ii
)Semi col on
i
x)Dash
x)Par ent hesi s
xi
)dev icesf orpr esenti
ngt i
tl
esofpubli
cat
ion,
quot at
ionsandheadi
ngs
e)Personal wr iting
i
)Di aries
i
i)Addr esses
i
ii
)Packi ngl i
st s
i
v)Per sonal journals
v)Shoppi ngl ists
vi
)Remi nder s
vi
ii
)Reci pes
f)Soci
al writing
i
)Inf ormal (
friendlylett
ers)
i
i)Inv i
tat ions
i
ii
)Not esoft hanks, congrat
ulat
ionsandcondolences
i
v)Tel egr ams
v)E–mai l
s
vi
)Fax
vi
i)Inst ruct i
onst ofami l
yandf r
iends
g)Studywr iting
i
)Maki ngnot es
i
i)Taki ngnot es
i
ii
)Summar ies
i
v)Descr ipti
v eessay s
v)Sy nopsi s
vi
)Repor ts
vi
i)Ar gument ati
veessay s
vi
ii
)Rev i
ews
i
x)Exposi tory
x)Quest ionnai r
es
 h)Cr
eati
vewriti
ng
i
)Imaginativ
ecomposi
ti
ons
i
i
)Poems
i
i
i)Di
alogues
i
v)Pl
ay s
v
)Shortst or
ies
v
i)Autobiographi
es
v
ii
)Biographies

i
)Inst
it
utionalwr it
ing
i)Publicnot i
ces
ii
)Invent ori
es
ii
i)Telephonemessages
iv)Fil
li
ngf orms
v)Lettersofapol ogy
vi)Notificati
onofmeetings
vii
)Agendaandmi nut
ewr i
ti
ng
vii
i)Memor anda
ix)Curriculum vi
tae
x)Speeches

ENGLI
SHPAPER101/
1FUNCTI
ONALSKI
LLS

SECTI
ONI
TheEngl
i
shpaper101/
1–f
unct
ional
wri
ti
nghast
hreequest
ionsnamel
y:

Q1FUNCTIONALWRI TING–20MARKS
Thisareaisdr awnf rom t
hesect
ionofwr
it
ingdi
scussedi
nthei
ntr
oduct
orysect
ionof
thisbooklet
.Thi scanbedr awnf
rom:
i)Personalwriting
ii
)Socialwrit
ing
ii
i)Studywrit
ing
iv)Creati
vewr i
t i
ng
v)Insti
tut
ional writ
ing

Ty
pesoff uncti
onalwri
ti
ng
 E-mai l+CV
 Mi nutes
 Internalmemo
 Bookr evi
ew
 Conf ident
ial
report+E-mai
l
 Reci pe
 Internalmemo
 Speech+E-mai l
 Fax
 Bookr evi
ew
 Instructi
ons/dir
ecti
ons
 Internalmemo
 CV
 QUESTI ON2–CLOZETEST–10MARKS
Aclozet estisatypeoftesti
nwhichonehast oputsuitablewordsinbl ankspacesina
shortpassagewher ewor dshav
ebeenl ef
toutati
ntervalsofsixtotenwor ds.Acloze
testhast enblankswhi
chaddupt ot enmar ksint
heexam.Acl ozet esteval
uatesone’
s
compr ehensionofthepassage,di
ff
er entpart
sofspeech, spel
l
ing,tense,vocabul
aryand
generallanguageuse.Alwayssupplyt hebl
ankwiththemostcor rectone-wor danswer

POINTSTONOTEONCLOZETEST
1.Alwaysreadthrought hepassageatl eastthr
eet imeswithoutfil
l
inganywordsi
nthe
bl
anks
2.Notecareful
l
yr epeatedwor dsandi deas.Thi
scoul dactaspossi bl
eclues
3.Notethepunctuationoft hepassageast hisgivespossiblecl
ues
4.Alwaysgiveone–wor danswer swhichalsoincludehyphenatedcompoundwords
5.Ensur
ethaty ouranswer sarerel
evantandgrammat i
call
ycorrect
6.Putemphasisonsubj ect–v erbagreement
7.Usenounnumber scor rect
lyi.
e.si
ngularandplur al
forms

QUESTI ON3–ORALSKI LLS

Oralcommuni cati
oni sanycommuni cat ionbywor dofmout h.Anyeffecti
veoral
communi cati
onwi lldependont helear ner ’
sabil
it
ytospeakandl i
steneffect
ively
.
Li
steningandspeaki ngski ll
sar eimpor tantbecause:
i)Theyhel pust oacqui reaccept abl ecommuni cat
ionskil
l
s
ii
)Tor espondt oinf ormat i
oncor rect l
y
ii
i)Toadher et oot herl anguageconv ent
ions
iv)Topr onouncesoundscor rectly
v)Li stent otheot herper soncar ef ull
ysoast oadvanceasoundj udgment
vi)Beconv incingenough, i
fonewant stogetsomet hi
ngthenhe/shemustgi v
e
v
ali
dand
reasonabl er easons
vii
)Becompr omi singincaseonedoesn’ tgetwhattheywant.Howev eriti
s
impor tantfor
onet ost atet heirstandcl early
vii
i)Appr eciatet heot herpar t
y ’
sv iewandl etthem knowthisasmuch

Questionthr
eeoft hi
ssect i
ontestsoral
ski
l
ls(l
ist
eni
ngandspeaking).I
tmajorl
ydeals
withpunctuati
on,l
isteni
ngcompr ehensi
on,
notetaki
ng,debat
es,
speeches,i
ntervi
ews,
discussi
ons,oral
repor t
s,et
iquet
teandnonv er
balcl
uesofcommuni cat
iont
hatenhance
l
isteni
ngandspeaki ng

Constantsandv owel soundsar ealsot est

edhere.Probl emat i
csoundsar et est
edi n
tonguetwisters,poems, songs, ri
ddlesorpr over
bs.Wor dorsent encest ressisalso
test
edaswel lasstyli
sticaspect sofpoet r
ysuchasr hy me, rhythm, assonance,
all
it
erat
ion,puns, i
ntonation,tone,atti
tudeandmood.Or alli
teratureisalsot est
edi nthi
s
secti
onaswel lasetiquette,
most l
yindi al
oguesortelephoneconv ersat
ions.Issuesof
eti
quett
esuchasuseofcour t
eousl anguage,negoti
ationski ll
s,pay i
ngat tenti
on,turn
taki
ng,correctchoiceofr egister,i
nteracti
nganddisagr eeingpol it
ely

TONE,
ATTI
TUDEANDMOOD

TONE
Thi
sisthequal
it
yofvoiceort
hegeneral
char
acterandatt
it
udethatexpr
essesa
par
ti
cular
emoti
on.Thi
sisthepoet’
sout
look.I
tist
hemirr
orinwhichthespeakert
alks,
usual
l
y
 i
nferr
edf rom t
hechoiceofwor ds.Tonemaybeexpr essedas:cold,
eager
,harsh,gl
eeful
,
pr
oud, sati
ri
cal,
doubtful
,hosti
l
e, sur
prised,
asser
ti
ve,i
roni
cal
,gratef
ul,
commandi ng,
pl
eadingandr epri
manding
I
npoet ry,
thepersona’
sat t
it
udetowar dsthesubj
ectorchar
acterscanberevealed
t
hroughthetone

ATTI
TUDE
Thi
srefer
stothewayt hepoetfeel
saboutasubj ectort
hecharact
erinthepoem.Itmay
bedescri
bedasamusing,patr
onizing,cont
emptuous,cr
it
ical
,host
il
e,sy
mpatheti
c,
di
sapprovi
ng,
harsh,
kind,ser
ious,cruelorador
ing

MOOD
Thisreferstothegeneralfeeli
ngoft hespeaker,theclimateort
heat mospher e
surr
oundi ngal i
ter
arywork.(Poetr
yorpr ose).Wor dssuchas‘good’or‘bad’arenot
specif
ichencenotusedher e.Moodcanbedescr i
bedbysuchadj ecti
veslikehappy,qui
et,
desperate,tense,t
hankful,
sad( melancholi
c)solemn, sil
ent
,vi
olent
,jubi
lant,asser
ti
ve,
i
ronic,compr ehensi
ve,l
ivel
y,remorseful,
optimisti
c,andpessimisti
c

SECTI
ONA -WORDSWI THSIMILARPRONUNCIATION
SECTI
ONB -I
DENTIFYINGWORDSTHATARETHEODDONES
SECTI
ONC -I
NDICATINGSTRESSWORDS
SECTI
OND -I
DENTIFYSI LENTLETTERSI
NWORDS
SECTI
ONE -DIVI
DINGWORDSI NTOCONSTITUENTSYLLABLEUNI
TS
SECTI
ONF -READINGSTORI ES
SECTI
ONG -POEMS
SECTI
ONH -TONGUETWI STERS
SECTI
ONI -LISTENI
NGANDSPEAKI NGSKILLS/CONVERSATI
ONS

SECTI
ONI–QUESTI
ONS
FUNCTI
ONALWRI
TING-
20MARKS

1. I maginethatyouhavecompletedsecondaryeducati
on.Youhavecomeacr ossan
advert
isement i
noneoft hedailynewspapert hatrequi
redcler
icalof
fi
cers. Theemai
l
addressoftheCompany i suhurukazi
@y ahoo.
com.Youar eint
erest
edinthejob.Wr it
eone
page curri
culum v
itae(
C.V) usingthe e-mailaddressofthecompany

2. Youar et heSecretar
yofy ourSchool ’sDramacl ub.Yourclubishol
dingit
ssecondmeet
ing
of
theyeartodiscussthefollowingi ssues:-
(i
)Tourt oNai r
obi
(i
i)Awar enesscampai gn
(i
ii
)Strengt heningofdramai ntheschool
Twopeoplehav esenttheirapologi esandamemberf rom thewri
ter’
sclubhasal
so
at
tendedthe
meeting.Writ
ethemi nutesy oucoul dtakeatthemeet ing

3. I magi
ney ouarethemanagingdi
rector
sofAlrokii
ndust
riesEldoret
.Youmanuf actur
e
padlocks andoflate,t
her
ehasbeenal otofbadpressconcerningyourpr
oducts.Wri
tean
i
nternal memor andum t
oy our operati
onsmangerandsal esandmar keti
ngmanager .
Advisethem on whatshouldbedoneto counter thebadpr essandalso r
ecaptur
e and
ret
ainy ourmarketshare.

4. Youhav
efi
nishedr
eadi
ngt
hepl
ayAnEnemyoft
hepeopl
ebyHenr
icI
bsenandy
ou
 woul
dli
ket
orecommendi
ttoy
ourcl
assmat
es.I
nabout350wor
ds,
wri
tet
hebook
r
evi
ew

5. Youaret hepri
ncipalofBar akaTeachersTrainingCollegeandoneofy ourgr
aduatesMr.
Chri
stopherLipwoni hasappl i
edforemploy mentasat eacheratLirhandaboardi
ng
pri
mar y school
.Theheadt eacherofthatprimaryschool hassendy ouanemai lr
equesti
ng
youtoav ai
l mor einformat i
onaboutMr .ChristopherLipwonitoenabl etheschool
decidewhethert o empl oy hi
m ornot.Inthespacepr ov i
dedbel ow, wri
teasamplereport
thatyouint
endt oemai lt
ot hehead teacher.Remembert ocopyt her eportt
otheDEO
KakamegaEastDi st
rict

6. I magi
net
hatyouhav
ebeenputi
nchar
geofafar
ewel
lpar
tyf
ory
ourcl
assmat
es.Wr
it
ea
reci
pef
ort
hemealy
ouwouldpr
epar
efort
heoccasi
on.

7. I maginet
hatyouaretheli
brar
ycaptaininyourschool.Wri
teamemot othecl
ass
pref
ectsaski
ng t
hem t
oensur et
hatstudentsobservetheli
brar
yrul
es,especi
all
yregar
ding
si
lence,pr
omptret
urn ofbooks,
appropri
atedressi
ngandobser vi
ngopeningandclosi
ng
ti
me.

8. Youareinvi
tedtogiveaspeechont her
oleofthey outhinf
ost
eri
ngpeaceinyour
count
ry byaf ri
endoverseas.Youar
eunabletotravelduetounf
oreseenci
rcumstances.E-
maily
our speecht oy
ourf r
iendtopr
esenti
tony ourbehalf.

9. Youar erevisi
ngwit
hyourfri
endovert
heApri
lhol
i
day.Onreachi
ngschool
inMay ,
you
real
izethatoneofyourbooks,TopMarkEngl
i
shismissi
ng.Writ
eafaxtoyourf
ri
endina
neighbouringschoolr
equesti
ngfort
hebookhehadborr
owedf r
om you

10. Youhav ej
ustr
eadanovelent
it
ledTheModernGirlbyafamouswr i
ter.Youwantto
recommendittoafri
endwhohasaskedyoutobri
efl
ytellhi
m whyyoufoundt het
ext
i
nteresti
ng. Wri
tewit
happr
opri
atesubheadi
ngs,
areviewofthetextconvi
ncingyourf
ri
endt
o
readit.

11. ImagineyouliveinMumi as,anaveragetowni nWest ernKenya.TheNational

Music
Festi
val
sar esettobeheldinthistownf orf
iveday s.Yourfr
iendwhol i
vesinWebuye
t
own intendstocomeov er.
a)Givethem cleardi
rect
ionstoNabongocul tural
cent r
einMumi ast
own.Makey our
i
nst
ructi
ons
asprecise(onepage)andcl earaspossibl
e–y oucouldusel andmarks,well
known
meansof
tr
ansport,showdistanceinkil
omet er
se.t.
c.

12. I magi neyouar etheschoolcaptain,andtheCDFcommi tt

eewishestosetupa
proj
ect i
ny ourschool
.Thepri
nci
pal hasaskedyoutoorgani
zewit
htheprefectst
o
coll
ectstudents
vi
ewsont hemostappr opr
iat
eproject.Wri
teanint
ernal
memot otheconcerned
pref
ects.
20mks)

13. I magi
nethaty ouhav
edoneK. C.S.
Eexams,quali
fi
edanddonesomet r
aini
ngina
professi
onalcourse.Youhaveseenanadv er
ti
sementin“Sundaymi
rage”Newspaperofa
positi
onyouquali
fyf or
.Youthendecidetoappl
yfori
t.Writ
eyourOwncurri
cul
um v
itae
(C.V)

14. Wri
tealet
tertot
heclerkofy
ourlocalcounci
lcompl
aini
ngaboutt
heloudmusi
cint
he
bar
s
whereyouliv
e.I
ndi
catehowr esi
dent
sspendsleepl
essnight
sduetothel
oudmusi
c,and
whaty
out hi
nkshouldbedone
15. Youhav ebeenselect
edt odel
iveraspeechonPar ent
’sdayonbehal fofotherstudents.
Apart
from teacher
s,parents and st
udents,there ar
e severalguests presentas wel las
member sof
Board ofGov er
nors.You are expected t
o highl
ightthe chal
lengesf acing st
udents
popul
ati
onin
theschool.Wri
tethespeechyouwoul ddeli
ver. (20mks)

16. AnI tal

ianfr
iendwhohadcomet ovisi
tyouleftforhi
scountryafew weeksago.He
writ
esto inf
ormy ouofhi
ssaf ear
ri
valandrequestsyouf
orar eci
pethatwoul
dhelphim
prepar
eugali
for hi stwofr
iends.Wr
it
ehimthroughthi
saddress;
Mckay@yahoo.
com

17. Thel i
onsfoot
bal
lteam haswont hejustcompl
etedwor l
dcupcompetit
ion.Youar
ethe
coach. Wri
teamemocongr at
ulati
ngthem andinfor
mingthem onwhen/howtocoll
ect
thei
rtokens.Remembertohav e copiestothemini
sterofsport
s. (
20mks)

CLOZETEXT
1. Fi
llineachoft heblankspacesi nthepassagebel owwi tht hemostappr opri
ateanswer
Oneoft hechal l
enges…………………. .
(1)t
hecount ryt odayi sy outh unempl oyment.
Relatedto t hisi slackofpat ri
otism andasenseof ……………………( 2).A numberof
int
er vent
ionshav e beenr oll
edtot ackl
e………………………. (3)chall
enges t hatyouthi ssues
are so………………………. (4),
theydeserveami ni
stry
, notjusta…………………. (5)
.
Amongt henot ableprogrammesbyt hemi ni
str
ywast hecr eati
on………………………( 6).Youth
fund, whoseobj ecti
veisto……………………. (
7)moneyt oyout hpeopl etov entur
ei nt
o
busi
ness.…………………. …..(
8)itistooear l
yt oassessi t
si mpact ,
thei nt
entionwasnobl e.
Followingthis,
…………………………. .
.(
9)gov er
nmentnow want st ore-i
ntroducea
companypar amil
it
aryt rai
ningprogrammef orschooll eavers……………. ………..(10)the
Nati
onalYout hServ i
ce.

2. Readt hepassagebel owandf i

llineachblankspacewi t
hanappr opriatewor d
Differentt ypesofor alli
teraturecanhav e(1)_ ___
______________,ifnotident i
cal,
functi
ons.Onecanusest ori
es,riddlesandprov erbs,amongot herkindsofor all
i
t er
ature,
toexpr ess( 2)_ _____________
_____ .Iti
s(3)__ _
_ ___
__ _
______
___ _
____truet osayt hatone
typeofor all i
teraturemayhav emanydi ff
erent( 4)_ __
______
_ ____
___ ___
.Forex amplea
wor ksongt hat( 5)_ ___
_ __
________ _
peopletopul ltogetherint heiref f
ortsmayal sobe
sungasent er t
ainmentf orchil
dren,orasapol it
icalweaponwhenpeopl ear ecompet ing
i
npar li
ament aryelections.Itis(6)_ ___
______
_ _____
impor t
antthatwhenonei scol l
ect
ing
asong, onemustal sof i
ndoutf orwhatpur posei tisbeingsung.
(7)_ _
_ ___
_ _
_ _______________t
he t extoft he song i si mportant,its cont extmust( 8)
______
_ ___
_ _
_ ________bewel lknown.Thei nterestoft hesongisgr eatlyenhancedandi tis
given(9)_ __________properchar acterbythe(10)_ ________
______inwhi chitissung.

3. Fi
lli
neachbl ankspacewi tht hemostappr opri
ateword.
Everyyear,wel ook(1)…………. .
……t oChristmasasat i
mef orfesti
vi
tyandfamilyget
together.Thej ovi
al atmospheret hatsurroundst heseasonl i
ft
sourspi r
it
s.Famili
esmakel ast
mi nute(2)…………. .
……t othesuper mar ket
st obuygi ft
stolovedones( 3)…………..
……..,we f orget
thatJanuar yiscomi ngwi th(4)……………. .
……….chal l
enges.Thesoonery ou (5)………………. …..…
planning,thebet t
er.Thiswi l
lhelpy ouav oi
dgoi ng(6)……………………. ...
……..iny ourexpendi tur
e.
Mostpeopl etaket hist i
met o(7) ……………………. ..t
heirupcominghome, creati
ngtransport
(8)………………………. .al l over.Ar eunionofr elati
vesisalwaysthejoyofcharismassot osay.
Tosome, i
tisjusttheonset ofmi sery. Thi sis because theydon’ thave anything to
(9)….……………………. .Thelastweekoft hey eartot hem isalwaysinjurytime.Ei
thertheydonot
hav
eany
thi
ngt
ogi
veort
heyar
e wor
ri
edov
er(
10)
.…………….
…….andi
tsr
esponsi
bil
i
ties.

4. Readt hepassagebel owandf i

llineachbl ankspacewi thanappr opr i
at ewor d
Idonotsuppor tabor t
ion.Butt her ear ecasesofi ncest( 1)………. Rape
wher e(2)…. .…shoul dbegi v enachancet ochoosewhet hert ol i
v ewi ththechi l
d
ornot .Myposi tioni si nfor med( 3)………. .t heChr istianf aitht hatIpr ofess.The
Bible(4)………st atest hatt houshal l notki ll
.
Ofcour sether emaybeascenar i
oi nwhi chadoct ori sf acedwi tha( 5)……….
wher ea mot her’slifei si ndangerandt heonl ywayt osav eherl if
ei st oabor tt he(6)
…. .
……………I tis unfortunat et hatnobodywant st o addr ess t hati ssue di r
ectly. (
7)
……………………………. . myper sonalv iew i st hat doct or sandexper tsshoul dhav ethe
l
eewayt omakepr ofessional judgement s.Ther ear ehar d( 8)…………. …………t obemadel i
kein
theev entof( 9)….………r iskofl osingl ife,doest hedoct orsav et hef oet usort hemot herorl et
both t odie?
Whendoesl if
ebegi nt hen?Accor dingtochur ches, li
febegi nsatconcept i
on.And
when doesi tend?I si twhenonei sputonal if
esuppor tmachi neorwhenadoct or
(10)………. ……………onedead?Ther ei sneedt obepr agmat i
cont hisi ssueofabor ti
on.
5. Fi l
lineachoft hebl ankspacei nt hepassagebel owwi t ht hemostappr opr i
atewor d.*
(1). ..
..
...
..
..
..thedel iber ati
onsbegany est erday ,i twasev i
dentt hatt hecl imat eof
suspicion and( 2)...
..
..
....
..
..
..
..bloodst i
llreigned.TheM. P’ sand( 3). ..
...
...
..
.....oft heir
poli
ticalpar t
ies mustacknowl edgecar dinal pri
nci pal(4). ....
....
..
.....
..
..maki ng accusat i
on
and i ssuingt hreats. Theyar edel iberatingont he( 5)....
....
...
...
...
.ofKeny a.
Theywer e( 6)....
..
...
..
...byt hepeopl eofKeny at osi tint heAugustHouset o
(7).
..
...
...
.thepeopl e.Theymustr emembert hatt heyar enotdi scussi ngaconst ituti
onf or
themsel vesoranyot her.Theyar enot( 8)....
..
...
...
.aconst itutionf orpr esi dentKi baki orPr ime
MinisterRai l
aOdi ngaoranyot heri ndi vidual (9)...
..
..
...maybehav i
ng( 10) ..
..
...
..f orhighof fi
ce.

6. Thi smaynotbesuchadr aby earafterall( 1)……some goodmayy etbe

report
edi n t heeducat i
onsect orf ol
lowi ngKeny aNat ionalExami nati
on Counci l(
KNEC)
decisi
ont o ( 2)………. KCSEexami nationcandi datesonl i
ne.
Regi st
eri
ngallcandi dates( 3)..
...
..
.….
isonewayt owardsmaki ngt heregistr
ation
processef f
ici
entandaccount able.(4)………. .thisdoesnotmean scr appingt he time
test
ed manual method,iti
ssur elya( 5)...
..
..
.….int heri
ght di recti
on.
Also itisbutoneof( 6)……. ..
……………r eformsbei ng under t
aken in educat ion
mat t
ers tor educeti
meschoolmanager s,studentsandpar entsexpendaheadofnat i
onal
exami nati
ons. It woul d al so significantl
yr educe ( 7) ……of Academi es
regi
steringweak st udents (8)……. .
otherexami nat ion centers and make i teasi erf or
candidatesto( 9)……….thest atusof t heirregi
strati
on and( 10)..
..
.……..perennialcompl aints
ofnon- r
egistr
ation

7. Readt hepassagebel owandf i

l
lineachbl ankspacewi t
ht heappr opriatewor d.
Garbage, garbageandmor egar bage;easytogener atebutdi f
fi
cultt o( 1)_______
of.Buti fwest oppedcompl aini
ngabouti t
schocki ng( 2)____
_forev enonemi nute,
we wouldr eal
ise t
hatt herei s(3)_____
_t hatwe can do abouti t–
per
hapsev enear nal i
ving (
4)_ __
____it.
Ther earewomengr oupst hathav ebeenmaki ngandsel l
inghigh( 5)__ ____
manuref rom domest icwast esuchaspot atoandbananapeel s.Insodoi ngt heycreate
empl oymentf or( 6)_____
__andt hosewhocol l
ectt hegar bagef ort hem.The
manurei s saidtobeso_ _
_ _
__t hatitcausescr opst oy i
eldt hr ee timesas
muchasot her t
ypes of manur e ____
_ _
__f erti
li
zers. Thi s boost s our
agr
icultur
al sect
or( 9)____
___ _.
Inacount r
yl i
keBr itai
n,wast epapercannow beeat en.I tissof tened and
sweetened
(
10)_ __acer t
aintechnol ogythenf edtocows.Suchcowsar esaidt opr oducecr eamier
mil
k.
8: Fi
lleachoft hebl ankspacesi nt hepassagebelowwi ththemostappr opri
ateword.
Thedeci si
on( 1)………. .
..
.i
nformat ionmini
sters(
2)…………. ..
singl
eoutt heMedi a(3)……….
whatiscl earl
yani ntrusiveaudi tof(4) ………. .perf
ormancepr i
ort o,(5)……...,andaft
ert he
highl
ypr oblematicDecember2007el ecti
onshouldnotcomeasasur pri
se. (6)
…………. .
has
comeasasur pri
se.( 7)…. .
.……...
…..t
hesomewhat mut edresponsef r
om the medi
a
frat
erni
ty.From al ott hatisusual l
yvocal int
he(8)………..ofitsrights(9)..
..
...
..
..
.… both
realandimagi naryf oes, t
hesilenceis( 10) ………..
….fr
ighteni
ngt hangov ernment’
s
seeminglysinglemi ndeddet erminationt ogagthemedia.

9. Readt hepassagebel owandf i

llineachspacewi t
hanappr opriatewor d
Wesayt hatal lchi
ldrenar ebor nequal .(1)_____
,appar ently,noti nKeny awher e
the Nat i
onal pri
mar yschool results( 2)____yesterdayagaindispl aythesuper ior
performanceof pr ivateschool sst udentscompar ed totheircount erpar tsi nt hepubl ic
school system.
Thisi s( 3)__ ____wor ryi
ngtrend.Wear ebui l
dinganunequal educat i
onsy st em where
the weal thycanl iterallybuysuccess.
Thosechi l
dr en ( 4)_ __ ____parentshav et hemeanswi l
lat tendpr i
vateschool s
wher ethey st andbet terpr ospectsofgoodpr i
mar yschoolresults,andt hushav eaheadst art
i
nt hecompet i
tionf or( 5)_ _____
_tot hebestsecondar yschools,andi ntimat elyt hebestchance
at cov eteduni v ersitypl aces.
Thechi l
drenwhosepar ent sarenotweal thywil
lhavet o(6)_ ___ _
_ _wi thinf
eri
or
educationf rom t hewor dgo.Theywi l
l be(7)_ _____bytheeducationsy stem, andul ti
mately
condemnedt ol esserpr ofessional andempl oy mentpr ospect
s.
Thati snott hewayt o bui ld a soci etywhereal lhav ean equalchance( 8)
______maki ngi t inlife.
Thispr obl em wi ththeeducat i
onsy stem hasbeenev i
dentf orsomet ime.Ithas
been st udiedbyacademi csandbyt ask( 9)_ _
_ _
andhasbeent hesubj ectofnumer ous
repor ts.Itisev i
denthowev er,thatthegov ernmenthasnev ertakeni tser iouslyenought o
takeany( 10)_ ___ action.

10: Thereare(1)………peopl ewhohav enev erknownt hereal val

ueofironingcl ot
hes
beforeuse.Thesepeopl efindi
roninga( 2)…….activ
ityint hehouseandi tconti
nuesdai ly
withoutanybodyev ergi
vingitmucht hought .Bywear i
ngcl ot
hes(3)…….ar ewelli
roned, we
l
ooksmar t
.Thereisdefinit
elyagreat(4)……bet weencl othesthatarenoti r
onedandt hosethat
arewellir
oned.Ironingi
soneoft hemosti mpor t
antact i
v i
ti
esas(5)……aspr omotionof
personalhygi
enei sconcerned.Whencl othesar ehung( 6)……………Todr y,t
heyareexposed
toinsect
swhi chcoul dl
ayeggsorl eavepoi sonsthatar e(7)……….….Tous.I r
oningpr otectsus
(8)……….somedi seases.(9)…………Cl othesar enotironedbef orewearing,wearel i
kelyto
(10)……….From variousskinprobl
emssuchasski nr ashesandi r
ri
tat
ions.

11. Fi ll
int
hebl ankspaceswi ththemostappr opr i
ateword (10mks)
Alt
hough ( 1)____
_ Presidentandpr imemi ni
stereff
ecti
vel
y(2)____
_aceasefi
re
(
3) ______t
hey ( 4)_
_____ont het el
ephone ( 5)________
_ Wednesdayni ghtandasked
t
heirl
i
eut enantstoceasehost il
ity 6r elati
onshipmaynotbeoutoft hewoods(7)
____
_____.
The Pr esi
dent(8)_ ____
_ Pri
me Mi nist
erdi f
fered when Rail
a ( 9)_
___
___the
suspensi
on of ( 10)___Wil
li
am Rut oofAgr icul
tureandSam Onger iofEducat
ionaweekago.
(Adaptedfrom TheSt andar dNewspaper )

12. Readt
hepassagebel
owandf
il
li
neachbl
ankspacewi
thanappr
opri
ateword. *
The(1)…………………commonwayforgermstospr
eadfr
om onepersont
oanot
her
or
 f
rom ani
malstopeopl
eis(
2)…………………………dr i
nkingwater.
Dri
nki
ngwaterf
rom atapisnotpossi
bleforevery
body( 3)……………………………..
wel
lsandspri
ngscanbekeptclean.Wel
lsneedaf encearoundthem t
oprev
entani
mal
s
f
rom
fal
li
ng( 4)…………………………. .Peopl emightnotnoticethattherewasadeadani mal i
nthe
well.Thenitwouldr otandeveryonewoul dbecome( 5)…………………………………f rom
theeater.(6)……………………………. .canputger msi ntospri
ngsandwat er
-hol
eswiththei
r
feetandt onguesiftheydri
nkfrom them.Spr i
ngsandwat er-
holesneeda( 7)………………. .
.
aroundt hem too.Bestofall
,drinki
ngwat ersourcesshoul dbecoveredandwat ert
aken
(8)……………wi t
hapump.Peopl emustnotuset hegrassorbr ushesnearasourceof
dri
nkingwat eras( 9)………………………The( 10)…………………………….caneasi l
ybe
washedi ntothewat erbytherai
n.

13. Elephant sareent i

relyv egetar
ian.Theymay_ _
__ __upt o300kgaday ,whi chi s
hundred __ ____
asmuchasahumanbei ngwoul dconsume._ ____di
etisvariedsi ncet hey
arebot h br owser sandgr azers.Whent herearetoomanyel ephant sina_ _
_ _,theyeatso
muchf oodthat _
____
_ _
therear enomor eleavesont het
reesandbushes.Theyev enr esort
toeatingt hebar kof ______tr
ees;and t his kil
lst he trees compl et
ely
. Then t here
__¬¬¬¬¬¬¬_ ___onlythegrasst oeat ,sothe el
ephantseatthatl eavi
ngt hesoil_ _
_ _
_ .Str
ong
windsandheav yrainsquickl
ywash_ _
_ _the goodsoi l
.Ther esulting______
impov erishest he
soilsot hatnomor eplantswillgrow.

14. TheUSv ice-president

,Joe_ _
___(1)wasr ecent
lyinthecount r
yy etforsome
reasons hisvi
sit____(2)eli
cit
edmuchexci t
ement .Notradi
ti
onaldancer satt heair
por
tor
the‘wel ovey ouBiden!’screams( 3)justi
rri
tati
on.I
tmakesone_ _
____(4)whyheadsofst ates
i
nsist_ __ ( 5)sendi
ngenv oysatgreat_____(6)totaxpayerstodelivermessagest ofor
eign
l
eader s.That pr
obabl ymadel otsofsensei nthedarkday_ ___(
7)communi cati
onwas
thef ort
eofthev i
ll
age drummer ._____
_(8)inthisageof_ ___
_ (
9),t
wi t
ter,facebookandt he
mobi lephone,and emi ssarywho_ __
_ _(
10)awhol eci t
yint
oadi zzyspinjustt odeli
ver
___(11)messagesounds cr azy.

15. Fi ll
int
hebl ankspaceswi ththemostappr opr i
ateword (10mks)
Alt
hough ( 1)____
_ Presidentandpr imemi ni
stereff
ecti
vel
y(2)____
_aceasefi
re
(
3) ______t
hey ( 4)_
_____ont het el
ephone ( 5)________
_ Wednesdayni ghtandasked
t
heirl
i
eut enantstoceasehost il
ity 6r elati
onshipmaynotbeoutoft hewoods(7)
____
_____.
The Pr esi
dent(8)_ ____
_ Pri
me Mi nist
erdi f
fered when Rail
a ( 9)_
___
___the
suspensi
on of ( 10)___Wil
li
am Rut oofAgr icul
tureandSam Onger iofEducat
ionaweekago.
(Adaptedfrom TheSt andar dNewspaper )

16. Readt hepassagebel owandf i

l
lineachbl ankspacewi thanappr opr i
atewor d.
The( 1)………commonwayf orgermst ospr eadf r
om oneper sont oanotheror
from ani malstopeopl eis(2)………dr i
nkingwat er.Dri
nkingwat erfr
om at api snotpossi bl
ef or
everybody(3)…….wel lsandspr i
ngscanbekeptcl ean.Wel l
sneedaf encear oundt hem
to preventanimalsfrom fall
i
ng( 4)………Peopl emi ghtnotnot i
cethatther ewasadead
animal
i
nt hewell.Thenitwoul drotandev er
yonewoul dbecome( 5)……f rom t heeater.(6)……….
canputger msi nt
ospr i
ngsandwat er
-hol
eswi ththeirfeetandtonguesi ftheydrinkf r
om
them.Spr ingsandwat er-
holesneeda( 7)……. .
.aroundt hem t oo.Bestofal l
,drinki
ngwat er
sources shouldbecov eredandwat ert aken(8)……………wi thapump.Peopl emustnotuse
thegrassorbushesnearasour ceofdrinkingwat eras( 9)………The( 10)……….caneasi l
ybe
washedi ntot hewaterbyt herain.

17. TheUSvi
ce-
presi
dent
,Joe___
_(1)wasrecentl
yint
hecountryy
etforsome
reasonshi
sv i
si
t__
__(
2)el
ici
tedmuchexci
tement.Notradi
ti
onaldancer
sattheai
rpor
tort
he
‘
welov eyou Biden!’
screams( 3)j
usti
rri
tation.I
tmakesone_ ___(
4)whyheadsofst atesi nsi
st
__
__(5) sendingenv oysatgreat_______(6)totaxpayer
stodelivermessagestof oreign
l
eaders.That probablymadel ot
sofsensei nthedarkday_____
(7)communi cat
ionwas
t
heforteofthev i
ll
age drummer ._
___( 8)inthi
sageof_ __
_(9)
,twitt
er,
facebookandt he
mobil
ephone, andemi ssary who___ _(10)awhol eci
tyi
ntoadizzyspinjustt
odel iv
er
__
____(11)
messagesoundscr azy.

ORALSKI
LLS
1. THEMAGNI FI
CIENTBULL
Mybulli
swhi teli
kethesilverfi
shintheri
ver
Whi
teli
ket heshimmer ingcranebirdontheri
verbank
Whi
teli
kef reshmi l
k.
Hi
sroarislikethundertotheTur ki
shcannon
Onthesteepshor e.

Mybul
l i
sdarkl
iket
heraincl
oudinthestor
m.
Hei
slikesummerandwinter
.
Hal
fofhimisdarkl
iket
hestorm cl
oud,
Hal
fofhimisli
ghtl
i
kesunshine.

Hi
sbackshi nesl
ikethemor ni
ngstar.
Hi
sbr owisredli
kethebeakoft hehornbi
l
l.
Hi
sfor eheadisl
ikeaflag,
call
ingthepeoplef
rom adi
stance,
Heresemblestherai
nbow.

I
.Thesi
ngerachi
evesr
hyt
hm i
nthesongabov
ethr
oughr
epet
it
ionofwor
dsi
.e.“
whi
te
l
i
ke”
l
i
kee. t.c.
I
dentification
I
ll
ustrat i
on
II.I
fy ouaret odoal i
veper f
or manceoft hissonghowwoul dyoumakei tmor e
i
nterestingt ot heaudi ence?
b)Under li
net hesi lentletterineachoft hef ol
lowi
ngwor ds
(
5mks)
i
)Rendezv ous
i
i
)Eul ogy
i
ii
)Tour ism
i
v)Condemn
v
)Phl egm
c)Readt hegenr ebel ow,andt henanswerquest i
onsthatf ol
low:-
“Wil
lywar ml ywel comedWendyandwonder edwhyWy attwalkedwear i
nglywhi le
whist
li
ng.’
i)Classif
yt heabov egenr e.
ii
)Identif
yandi l
lust rateonesoundpat ternfrom t
hegenr e
ii
i)Stateanyonef unct i
onoft heabov egenr e
d)Youschool ispar ti
cipatingi nadebat eandt hemotioni s:“Par
entsshouldl etchildr
en
decidet hei rowndest iny,”Howwoul dy ouensurethaty ourargumentconv incing?
*KC*
e)Imaginet haty ouar eli
st eningtoat elephoneconversat i
onbetweenar eceptionistand
alady
whosechi l
di sv eryil
landshei sseekingherphy sicians’help.Unfort
unat ely,
Dr .
Kemboi
is
notin,
buttherecept
ioni
stisont
hel
ine.I
nthebl
ankspaces,
fil
li
nwhaty
out
hinkt
he
recept
ioni
stshoul
dhav esai
dtot
hel
ady.

2. (a)Readt henar rativebelowandt henanswert hequest ionst hatfoll

ow:
AGr eedyOl dmanandt hesausage
Onceuponat i
me, t
her eli
v edanoldman.Onedayhepai dav isi
tt ohi sin-
laws.On
enteringt hehouseofhi smot her-i
n-l
aw,hef oundt hatshehadbeenr oast i
ngsomemeat ,
amongwhi chwasadel iciousl ooki
ngsausageandshewasnoti nt hehouse.He
i
mmedi atel
yt ookt hesausageandqui cklyshov edi tintohi squi ver.Andi tsohappened
thatapi eceofl ivecoalhadgotst uckont hesausagebutt heol dmandi dn’ tknow.He
quicklyshutt hequi ver.
Nosoonerhadhesatdownt hantheowneroft hehousecamei n.Theysatdown
tot al
kaboutt hechi l
dren’sheal t
h.Whent heyhadf inished, itwast i
mef ortheol dmant o
returnt ohishome.Justt hen,t hewomannot icedsmokei ssuingf rom t hequi verand
askedt heol dman;“ Paker,howcomet hequi verissmoki ng?”Themananswer ed,“ Oh.
It
’ssomenaught yf ir
estickwi thasof theadt hatsmokeswhenev eritcomesi ntocont act
withsof twoodandt hear r
ows. ”Thewomankeptqui etandgotupt oescor therguest .
Whent heyhadwal kedonl yashor tdistance, t
hef iremadeahol eint hequi verand
thear rowsf ellout ,ti
ak!t ogetherwi t
ht hest olensausage.Thel ady ,whowaswal king
closelybehi nd,ex claimed:‘See,hadInotknowni t!Thent heol dmanf ear i
ngt hathi s
sausagemi ghtbeeat en.shout ed, “
Oh,myPaker ,pleasedonoteati t!”
Sowhi l
et hel adyr anhomei nshame,t hegr eedyol dmancont inuedwi thhi s
j
our neyi next remeembar rassment .Theyshowedeachot hert heirbacksandt hereends
myst or y.

(
i)St
atet
wot
hingsanar
rat
orwoul
ddot
odr
awt
heaudi
ence’
sat
tent
iont
othebegi
nni
ng
of
thestor
y
(i
i
)Describehowanar ratorwoul
dperf
orml i
ne4-6ofthesecondparagraph
(i
i
i)Explaint hree waysi n whi
ch t
he audience can i
ndi
cate act
ivel i
steni
ng i
nthe
perf
ormance
ofthi
snar rati
ve
(i
v)Apartf rom usingt heendingformula,how elsewouldanar r
atorsi gnalt
othe
audi
ence
theending ofhi sstory?

3. Readt
hef
oll
owi
ngor
alpoem andanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
Wher
eissheeee
Wher
eissheee
Wewanttopamperher
Wewanttopamperherx2

Weadv i
seyou,weadv i
seyou
Wheny ougetther
er espectyourhusband
Whenhecal l
syou,respondtohiscall
Sothatyourmarri
agecanl ast

Bot
hofy
oumayl
i
vei
npeace
Bot
hofy
oumayl
i
vei
npeacex2

(
i)Li
stdownwhatislostwhentheabovesongiswrit
tendown
(
ii
)Theabovesongisat r
ansl
ati
onfrom Ki
swahil
itoEngl
ish.Whathasbeenl
osti
nthe
t
ransl
ati
on?
 (
c)(i)Underl
inethest r
essedsyl
labl
einthecor
rectpr
onunci
ati
onoft
hef
oll
owi
ngwor
ds
(Thedot sindicatesyl
labl
eboundari
es)
(
i) r es.pect
(
ii
) r e.view
(
ii
i) i n.ves.ti.gate
(
iv) con. so.li
.date
(
v) cal .cu.lat e
(
vi) di .vi.de( noun)

(i
i)Provi
deanot herwor dwithasimilarpr
onunci
ati
onforeachoft hef
oll
owingwords
(i
) Feet
(i
i) Al ter
(i
ii
) Al e
(i
v) Cer eal
(v) None
(vi
) At e
(d)(i
)Explainthreet hingsyouwoulddoi fyouwereunexpectedl
yaskedtogiveashor
t
speech
Duri
ngt hef ormf ourfar
ewellpart
y
(
ii
)Youar egiv i
ngt hisspeechwithoutapubli
caddresssystem.Howdoy ouensureyou
are
heardclearlybyev ery
body

4. i)Readt heoralnarrati
veandanswert hequestionsasked.
THEMANWHOLI VEDWI THTHETRI BEOFHI SWI FE
Therewasaman, i
tissaid,wholi
vedwi ththeet hni
cgr oupofhiswif
e.Onedayhe
saidto hiswi f
e,“Wear emov i
ngaway -t
ellyourpeopl e.”Soshet oldherpeopleandthey
gavehimt hecustomar ygift
sandr eturnedtohim apar tofhisbridewealth.
Then t his man whohad been l i
vingwi thhiswi f
e’sethnic gr
oup movedaway
withhis familyandhi swife,andaf t
erhehadwal kedalldayhesetupacampi nacer
tain
place.Thenhe saidtohiswi fe,“woman,ther
ei samat terIhav etodiscusswit
hthepeople
whom wel eft
,andIam goi ngbackt othem.Pen t heanimal sandwai tforme.”

Sohewentback,andwhenher eachedthev
il
lageint
heev eni
nghesatdowni n
the cl ear
ingbyt hehuts,i
ntendi
ngtoeavesdrop.Thepeoplewere gossi
ping aboutand
someonesai d, “
wel
l,l
etusal lgi
ve ouropinionoft
hatwhost ay
ed wi t
hourt ri
be f
or
suchalongt ime!”

“
Hewasagoodman. ”saidone.
“
ByGod,hewasabr av
eman. ”
“ByGod,hewasagenerousman.”
“ByGod,hel
ookedaft
ertheanimal
swel
l
.”
“ByGod,hehadsomeknowledgeofmen.
”

Thewholevil
lagepraisedhim,andal lt
hetimethemanwasl isteni
ng.Ther
ewas
pause, andthenayounggirlspoke,“butIknowsomethingabouthimt hatwasbad!”
“Whatwasi t?”t
hepeopleasked.
“Hedidn’
tgof arawayenoughf r
om thehutswhenheur inat
ed!”atthi
sthewhole
vil
l
agebur stintol
aughter,buttheeavesdropperwassoangr ythathest oodupsaidto
them,“well
,byGod,Ihav e mov edf arenoughawaynow! ”t ot
hegr eatastonishmentofthe
wholevil
l
age.

a)Howwouldyouper
for
mst henarr
ati
veinordertocapt
uretheaudi
enceat
tent
ion
b)(i
)Inwhi
cht
onewouldtheeavesdr
oppersaylastl
ineofthenar
rat
ive
 i
i
)Under
li
net
hewor
dinwhi
cht
hev
owel
soundi
sdi
ff
erenti
nthef
oll
owi
ngset
sof
wor
ds:
a)shi
p, sheep, sl
eep
b)Pull, pool , book
c)Bark, par k, buck
d)Mi ght,hei
ght, mice
e)Bar n, ban, bag
i
i
i)Statewhetherthest
resswoul
dfal
lont
hef
ir
storsecondsy
ll
abl
eont
hewor
d
i
n
boldbyunderl
ini
ng:
a)Idon’
tli
keassociati
ngwi t
ht hatr
ebel
b)Waiyakihadal otofrespectfortheelders
c)Wemanaget ot ur
nthebusi nesses
d)Whencany oucontactme?
e)Youcanaccessal otofinformationintheint
ernet
i
v)Whatwouldy ouconsiderimpor t
antingi v
ingsomeonedi r
ect
ionsespeci
all
yto
a
pl
acet
hati
sdif
fi
cul
ttot
race?
v
)Whatpr
epar
ati
onwouldy
oudobef
oreat
tendi
ngani
nter
viewf
oraj
ob?

5. Readt hepoem bel owandanswert hequest

ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
ESCAPEFROM THECI TY
Iseekaqui etcountryli
fe
Wi t
houttheci t
y’sburst
ingstri
fe
Iseekt hesightoftreesablaze
Insteadofst r
eetsthatform amaze
BarbaraKlinger

i
)Ident
if
ytwosoundpat ternsinthispoem andstat
et hei
ref
fecti
veness
a) i)rhyme Li fe Ablaze Stri
fe Amaze
i
i)Whichwordsi nt hepoem cont ai
ndipt
hongs?
i
ii
)Howcouldy ousayt hef i
rstli
neofthi
spoem andwhy ?
i
v)Descri
bet her hy meschemeoft hepoem above
b)Ineachofthefollowinggr oupsofwor ds,oneoftheunderl
inedisdi
ffer
entf
rom t
he
r
est
.
I
dent
ifythewordwit
hthediff
erentsound:-
i)purse fur
ther fury nurse
ii
)three thi
ck theme t
hese
ii
i)have fame rake fat
e
iv)heir honest honorar
ia harbour
v)commi t
tee consti
tuti
on command commodi t
y

c)Readthei t
em belowandanswert hequesti
onst hatfol
l
ow: -
Iffr
eakyFr edfoundfif
tyf eetoffreshfrui
tandf edfortyf
eett
ohi
sfr
iendFr
ank,
howmanyf eetoff reshfrui
tdidfreekyFredfind?
i
)Classifytheorali
tem abov e
ii
)Identif
ytwochar act
eristicsofthisgenre
ii
i)Statefourfunct
ionsoft hisgenre

d)Expl
ainthemeani
ngofthefoll
owingidi
omaticexpr
essions:-
i
)Theyweret
aughtbythewordofmout h
i
i
)Theguestofhonouraskedustolendhim ourear
s
ii
i
)Poli
ti
ci
ansmustnowwal kthetal
k
i
v)Dai
syhasthegif
tofthegab

e)Youar
eaTVpr
esent
erwi
th“
DuondJokaNy
anam”st
ati
on.Youhav
ebeenassi
gned
t
he
dut
y toint
erviewanimportantandfamouswr i
teri
nthenameofNgugiWa
Thi
ong’
o.
Howwouldyouprepareyour
sel
fforaneffect
ivesessi
onwi t
haviewt
oproduci
nga
good progr
amme?

6. a)Readt
hepoem belowandt henanswert hequest
ionsthatf
oll
ow:
-
SWEETANDLOW
Sweetandl ow,sweetandlow,
Windoft hewesternsea,
Low, l
ow, br
eathandbl ow,
Windoft hewesternsea!
Ov ert
her ol
li
ngwat er
sgo,
Comef rom thedyingmoon, andblow,
Blowhim againtome;
Whi l
emyl it
tl
eone, whil
emypr et
tyone,sl
eeps.

Sleepandrest,sl
eepandr est,
Fatherwi
llcomet otheesoon;
Rest,r
estonmot her’
sbr east
;
Fatherwi
llcomet otheesoon;
Fatherwi
llcomet ohisbabent henest
,
Sil
versai
lsalloutofthewest
Underthesil
vermoon;
Sleepmylitt
leone,sleep,mypret
tyone,sl
eep.
Al
fr
edl
or son.
dTenny

(
i)St
ateanytwopair
sofrhymingwor dsf
rom theabov
epoem
(
ii
)Apartfr
om rhy
me, wi
thi
ll
ustrat
ionsfr
om thepoem,ident
if
yanyothert
wo
t
echni
ques t
hathavebeenusedbyt hepoettocr
eaterhyt
hm i
nthispoem

(ii
i)I
fy ouweret oclassif
ytheabovepoem asasong, inwhichcategor
ywouldy ou
placeitandwhy ?
(iv)Commentont henumberofsy l
labl
esusedi nthel astli
neofeachstanza.
Whatdoest hist el
lyouaboutther hyt
hm ofthispoem?
(v)Ifyouwer etoreci t
ethispoem t
oi t
stargetaudience, howwouldreci
tethelast
li
neoft helaststanza?
(vi)From thepoem, identi
fyanytwowor dscontainingt hevowelsound//
b)Underli
net hesil
entlet
tersinthefoll
owingwor ds
i)Subt l
e
ii
)Comb
ii
i)Whi te
iv)Hy mn
v)Cl i
nton

c)Rewrit
ethefol
l
owingsentencesident
if
yingthest
ressedsy
ll
abl
eint
heunder
li
ned
words (usestr
essmar ks)
i)Drugabusei
ssor ampantincoastpr
ov i
nce
i
i)Thealar
m cl
ockrangont i
me

i
i
i)CanIhav
eyourcont
act,
please
i
v)Wewerefor
cedtodeser
tourfert
il
elandandnow,
her
ewear
einat
otal
deser
t

d)Car
efull
ystudyt
hefoll
owi
ngconver
sationandt
henanswerthequesti
onsthatf
oll
ow:
-.
Juma: Iam sohappy
!(Jumpsup)wefinall
ydi
dit
!Fourpower
fulsweetgoal
s!
 Solomon: Nodoubtaboutt hatv i
ctory!Chel sea…. .
Collins :
(i
nterrupti
ng)shutupy ourpoi ntedbeak!I t
sChel seanotChel esea!Si mpl y
stat
ed;
t
hebl ues.
Solomon:Acceptmyapol ogy .Idi dn’ tmeant oof f
endany one.Fory ouri nformat i
on
Coll
ins,
ManCi tyisn’tmyt eam.Not wi thstandi ng,thef actr emai nsthatManchest ercity
outran
andout foxedy ourt eam.Isawt hemat chmy self.
Juma: Holdy ourpeace,boy .Ar ey ounotawar eoft headaget hatgoes:hewho
fi
ghtsthet ruth,
fi
ght sagai nstGod!Chel seacanbeatanyot hert eam i ntheEngl i
shpr emi er
l
eaguebutnot
Manchest erCi t
y:that’sthet r
uth, per iod.
Collins :Sur e?Comet ot hi
nkofi t,hav ey ouev erst oppedt owonderwhyal lt
he
beautif
ul women i
nt hispr esentwor l
dandpr obablyt heonet hatwi l
lcome,pr efert o
associatewi t
hChel sea players and f ans r athert han t hose ofman ci ty? Stil
l
wonder i
ng?Answeri sobv i
ous:Man citypl ayersar enotonl yshortandugl ybutal so
daftmor ons!
Juma:Tobehonest ,youcoul dbesay ingt het ruthasf arasy ourcapt ain’ssnat chingof
Way ne
br
idgesgi rlf ri
endi sconcer ned.Howev er,don’ ty out hinkit
’sashow caseof
i
mmor al
ity, foramar ri
edmanl ikehi mt oengagei nanext ra-mar i
talaffair?
Cat her
ine:Guy s,let’sendt heent ir
et alk.Whycan’ twet alkaboutAFCLeopar ds,Sof a
Paka,
andWest ernStima!I sn’tther eanyf ootballbeingpl ay edinKeny a?
Solomon: True
Cat her
ine:WhatI …. .
meani s, whoi nEngl andt alksaboutWest ernStima?Any way , t
hanks
foryourcompany !(Walksaway )

i
)Identi
fyandi l
l
ustrateanyt wof eaturesdemonstratedbyColl
i
nswhichi ndi
catelackof
courtesywhi l
econv ersingwithot hers
i
i)From t heabov edialogue,identi
fyanyt wofeaturesofaheal
thyconversati
on
i
i
i)Wi t
hr elevantil
l
ustrationsfrom theabov edial
oguestateanytwofeaturesthat
char
act
erize
nat
ur alspeech

7. a)Readthegenr ebelowandanswert hequest

ionsthatf
oll
ow:
-
“
Howhi ghuphasheheav edhisheavyhoe?”
i
)Ident
ifyt
hegenr eabove
i
i)Forwhatpurposewoul dtheabovegenrebeused
i
ii
)Citeonefeatureoforalskil
l
susedintheabovegenre
i
v)Mentiontwochar act
eri
sticsoft
heabov egenre

b)Gi
veanotherwor
dthathast
hesamepr
onunci
ati
onast
hewor
dsbel
ow
i
)Profi
t
i
i)Mete
i
i
i)Pull
i
v)Dough
v
)Key

c) I
maginethatNgugiWaThion’
go,
theaut
horoft
henovel‘
TheRi
verBet
ween’has
beeninv
itedbytheEngl
i
shdepartmenttogi
vealect
ureonthekeythemesand
aspect
s
 ofst
yleevidenti
nthenov
el,i
naweek’ sti
me.Asoneoft
hestudent
soflit
erat
ure
prepari
ngtooff
erhim audi
ence,whatst
epswoul
dyoutakejustbefor
eand
dur
ing
t
hepr
esent
ati
ont
oensur
ethaty
oubenef
itf
ull
yfr
om t
heev
ent
.

d) Readthepoem bel owandanswert hequest

ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
Ist
oodandst ared,theskywaslit
Theskywasst arsalloverit
Ist
ood.Iknewnotwhy
Withoutawish,withoutawill
Ist
oodupont hesilenthil
l
Myey eswereblindwithstarsst
il
l
Ist
aredint
ot hesky

i
)Showhowt hepoethaseffect
ivelycr
eat
edrhythm i
nthispoem?
i
i
)Whatwor dwoul
dyoustressinline5andwhy ?
i
i
i)Expl
aint
woway si
nwhichy ouwoul dmakethereci
tat
ionofthef
ir
stt
hreel
i
nes
ofthepoem eff
ect
ive

e)Readtheconver sationbel owandt henanswert hequesti

onsaf t
erit
.
Hawa: Hal l
o,ist hatThat u’sGi r
l’
sschool?
Peter:Yes, whati sy ourname?
Hawa: HawaMukov a
Peter:Whatdoy ouwant ?
Hawa: MayIspeakt otheheadt eacher?
Peter:Hewentt odoshoppi ngforhisfamil
y .Whatdidyouwantt otel
lhi
m?
Hawa: Sor r
yi tisconf i
dential
.MayIspeakt ot hedeputy?
Peter:Hei sat tendi ngapr e-weddinginfactheisneverinschool
Hawa: Oh!Iwi l
l calllater
Peter:It’
sokay
i
)Identifyf ourinstancesofl ackoftel
ephoneconv ersati
oneti
quett
e
i
i)Wr i
tecor recti
onsusi ngcor r
ecttel
ephoneetiquette
i
i
i)Under li
net hesilentlet
terinthefol
lowingwor ds
a)Eul ogy
b)Phl egm

8. (
a) Foreachofthefol
l
owingwor
ds,pr
ovideanothersi
mil
arpronunci
ati
on.
(i
)Sit
e…
(i
i
)Owe
(i
i
i)Rit
e
(i
v)Road
(v
)Blew
(
b) Aresourceper
sonhasbeeni
nvi
tedtoyourschooltot
alkonthenewlyi
ntr
oduced
pl
ay
AnEnemyoft
hePeopl
ebyHenr
ickI
bsen.Whatf
ivet
hingswoul
dyoudot
o
ensur
eyou
benefi
tmaximuml yfr
om thi
stal
k?
(c) Usingeachoft hewordsgi
venbelow,const
ructt
wosentencestobri
ngoutt
wo
di
ff
erent
meanings.
A.( i
)Import
(i
i)I
mpor t
.
(i
ii
)Produce.
(i
v)Produce
d) Readt hefoll
owingpoem andanswerthequest
ionst
hatfoll
ow:-
THANKTHEMOTHER
 Ithankt
heemother
YourbackIwet
WhenIleaked
l
ikeabrokengour
d,

YourbreastIsought
l
ikeabl i
ndbat,
Ony ourback
Iswunglikealit
tl
evagabond
butyousaid
‘
It’
smyv agabond.’

(
i)Whoistheper
sona?
(
ii
)Ontheli
ne‘Li
keabrokengour
d.’
Whichwor
dswoul
dyoust
ress?Why
?
(
ii
i)Howisrhy
thm achi
evedi
nthepoem?Il
l
ust
rat
e.

(
e) Readt hest orybel owandanswert hequest ionsthatf ollow: -
Therel i
vedt womenwhower egoodf ri
ends.Oneoft hem wasv erywi se
andt heot herv eryf ooli
sh.Oneday ,theyar guedbet weent hemsel ves,andone
said,“Iam t hewi sestmani nthi
scount ry.”Theot hersai d,“No, !Iam thewi sest.
”
Ast herewasnowayofmeasur i
ngwi sdom,t hetwomendi dnotknowwhowas
wiserthant heot her.
Onedayt heywer ediscussingthei ll
-behav iouroft heirwi vesand oneof
them sai d,“If wewantt hem tobehav ewel lwemustbeatt hem up.Womenar e
l
ikechi ldren,beatt hem upandt heywi l
lbehav ewel l
.”
Theot hersai d,“ No!i fyoubeaty ourwi f
e,shewi llbecomewor se.”Af t
er
arguingf oral ongt ime, t
heykeptqui etandwenthome.Onr eachi nghishouse, the
manwhowasi nf av ourofbeat ingwi vesbegant obeatanox- ski
nv i
gorousl y
.
Whent heot herhear dthis,hethoughtt hesoundcamef r
om hi sf ri
endbeat i
nghi s
wifeandhet ookast i
ckandbeathi swi fesever el
yunt ilshefell sickandlaterdied.
Whent het womenmetl ater
,itwasnowcl earwhobet weent hem waswi sert han
t
heot
her
. (Adoptedfr
om:TheHyenaandTheRockbyB.
M.
Luswet
i:Nai
robi
:TheMacmil
l
anPressLtd.1992)

(
i)Supposey
ouar
etheonenar
rat
ingt
hisst
ory
,whatwoul
dyoudof
ir
stbef
orenar
rat
ion
t
o
capt
uret
heat t
ent
ionoft heaudi
ence?
(
ii
)Howwouldy oudeli
verthespeechbythe2ndspeaker
?“No!Iam thewisest
.”
(i
ii
)Ify
ouarel
isteni
ngtot hisst
ory
,whatwouldyouexpectt
hestor
ytell
ertodosoast
o
makethestoryi
nteresti
ng?

(
f) Thef
oll
owi
ngi
saconv
ersat
ionbet
weenanAdmi
ssi
on’
steacherandJuma,
a
For
m One
seeki
ngadmi
ssi
ont
oEl
i
muSecondar
ySchool
.St
udyi
tandcompl
etet
hebl
ank
spaces
appr
opri
atel
y.
Juma :……………………………………………………………………………
Teacher :Goodmor ningyoungman,howareyou?
Juma :
Teacher :Welcomet oEli
muSecondarySchoolandhav
easeat
.
Juma :Thankyou,Madam.
Teacher :
Juma :I
’m HassanJumaMasumbuko.
 Teacher :
Ihaveveri
fi
edyourdocument
sandtheref
oreal
lowedyoutojoi
nthe
cl
assr
oom next
doorasourf
ir
stForm Onest
udentt
hisyear
,congr
atul
ati
ons.
Juma:

9. Readt hest orybel owandanswert hequest ionst hatf ollow:-

THECRUELSTEP- MOTHER
Onceuponat ime,t her ewasamanandwi fewhohadababygi rl
.Unf ortunat ely,
thewi fe diedandso, themanmar ri
edagai n.Hegotanot hergi rlwi tht hesecondwi fe.The
twogi rls becameext remel ycl ose;socl oset hatwhenev ert hemot hersentoneonan
errand, theot herwas sur et oaccompanyher .Themot her ,howev er ,di dnotl iket hechi l
d
oft hedeceased.Shewoul d alway sshow herdi sl ikebydeny inghercer t
ainf avour s.Her
feelingsbecamesobadt hatshedeci dedt ogetr idoft hegi rl.
Todot his, shedugahol ei nherbedr oom onadaywhent hehusbandwasabsent
and cov eredt hehol ewi t
hacow’ shi de.Shet hencal ledherdaught erandsenthert ot he
houseofa f riendsomeki lomet er saway .Asusual ,t het wogi rlswant edt ogot oget herbut
thewoman r ef used, giv i
ngt heexcuset hatshewant edt osendt heot heroneel sewher e.Af t
er
thedepar tureof herdaught er,shet ai ledt heot hergi r
landsentherf orhersnuf f
boxi nt he
bedr oom.Unawar eof whatl ayahead, thegi rleager lyr ushedi ntot her oom onl yt of alli
nto
ahol e!Themot herv er y qui ckl yf il
ledt hehol ewi thsoi l,compl et elydi sregardi ngt hegi r
l’
s
screamsf orhel p.
Whent hedaught ercameback, shemer el yassumedt hatt heabsenceofherdear
compani on was j ust i
fied.Af t erhour s ofwai ti
ng,she,howev er ,became i mpat i
entand
quest i
oned t hemot her .
‘
Wher ei smysi st er? ’sheasked
“Butshef ol lowedy ou.Assoonasshedi dwhatIwant ed,sher anaf tery ou.Now
stop bot her ingme”t hemot herr etorted.
Timepassedandt henow anxi ousgi r
lwentr oundcal l
ingoutt henameoft he
otherone, butal li nv ain.Al as…shecr iedt hewhol eni ghtandt henextdayandr efusedt o
touchanyf ood. Thef at herhel pedi nt hesear chbutt onoav ai
l.
Af t
ert hreeday s,t hegi rlst il
lcriedandcal ledt heot herone.Shet henhear dav eryweak
voice r espondi ngi nsong:
Maal yaMaal y a
Maal yaMaal y a
Namwenv uni wemwaii ieemal ya
Ekwi nzamut hi koi i
eemal ya
Wakwi sakunt hikai i
eemal ya
Maal yaMaal y a
(Andy ourmot heri st hewi seonei i
eemal ya
Shedugagr av ei ieemal y a
Fori nt erringmei ni i
eemal y a)
Thegi rldashedt owar dst hedi rectionoft hev oice,r epeat edhercr iesandagai n
gott he samer esponse.Shecamet ot heconcl usi ont hatwhoev erwasr espondi ngwas
def i
ni t
ely under gr oundsomewher ei nt hehouse.I mmedi atelyt hef at hercamet hatday
(bef oret hear rival of themot her),shet oldhi m whathadhappened.Af terhear ingt he
song, thef atherdugupt hepl aceandpul l
edoutanext remel yweakanddi sfigureddaught er.All
thet hreewai l
edandev ent ual ly,t hef athergav eherami xt ureofbl oodandmi lkf r
om agoatt o
drinkaf terwhi chshev omi tedal lt hesoi lshehadeat en.Hegav ehersomemor eoft hemi xt
ure
afterwhi chhehi dher .
Whent hewi feev ent uall
ycameback,t hemandi dnotl ethergeti ntot hehouse
butsent herf oracowi naf arof fpl ace.Heexpl ai nedhi sact i
onbyt ell
inghert hathehad
deci dedt ohosta f eastf orr elatives( incl udi nghi sin- laws) .Int hemeant ime, hesent -
foral lof
them.Whent he womancamebackwi tht hecow,shef oundev er yonewai tingf orher .
Uneasynow, shesatdown inthepl aceshewasshownbyherhusband.Het henst oodup
andaf terwel comi ngal l
, remi nded them oft helostdaught er.Het hencal l
edupont hewi fe
toexplai
nthecircumst ancel eadingtothe sadepi sode.Shehaunt ingl
yrepeatedthenow
commonl yknowst ory.Whenshesatdown, t
he husbandt ol
dt hiswoman’ sdaughterto
repeatherear
li
erwai l
saf terwhi challheard;
Maal yaMaal ya
Maal yaMaal ya
Namwenv uniwemwaii i
eemal ya
Ekwi nzamut hikoiieemal ya
Wakwi sakunt hikai i
eemal ya
Allwer esur pri
sedt ohearthewor dsoftheot hergi
rl’
ssongandatt hatmoment ;
the‘dead’ girl j
oinedt hem.Thewomanwasast houghpar al
yzedbyshock.Thehusband
thenexplai
nedthe t r
ut hoft hemat terandtoldhisin-
lawst otaketheirdaught
erwiththem.
Theysaidthati
ft hatwas whatshehaddonet othegirl,t
heycouldn’
thav esuchamonst eri
n
thei
rhouse.Thewomanwas di
sownedbyal landchasedaway .

(
a)Howwoul dyousayt hefollowingopeningf ormula“Onceuponat ime”?
(
b)I
fy ouwer eperformi ngthisstorywhator alskil
lswoul dyouuse?
(
c)Asast orytel
ler,howwoul dy oudel
iverthet wosongst oport
raythediff
erentcontext
s?
(
d)I
fy ouwer eoneoft herelati
vesinvi
tedbyt hegi r
l’
sfather,howwoul dyouportray
yourreacti
ont owar dsther evel
ati
onoft hest ep-mother’
sbehaviour?
e)Whati
( ntonati
onwoul dyouuseatt heendoft hisstatementandwhy ?
“Nowst opbot heringme”

PARTB
(
a)Shem showedSi l
a’
sshiningshoesshamelessl
yonSheba’ sshor
e.
(
i)Classif
ytheabov egenre
(
ii
)Identif
ythedomi nantaspectofst
yleintheabovegenreandil
lust
rat
eyouranswer
withabriefexplanat
ion
(
ii
i)Stateanythreefuncti
onsofthegenreident
ifi
edin(i
)above

(b)Mr .AngwechofShangi l
iami xedsecondar yschoolaskedhi sclasst odecideonwhi ch
setoftextbooksi nt heirsy l
labust heyshoul dper formf orther estoftheschool .She
askedNor eentol eadt hedi scussi on.Readt heirdiscussionbel owandt henanswert he
questi
onst hatfoll
ow: -
Mr .Angwech: Nor een, woul dy oul eadt hedi scussion?
Nor een: Aha, Ok.Thequest i
oni s: Whatpl ayshoul dwepi ckf orourclasspl ay
?Does
any onehav esuggest ions?Kabony i
?
Kabony i: Isuggestwedo‘ AnEnemyoft hePeopl e’.
Tom: Howabout‘ Shr edsofTender ness? ’
Nor een: No.Idi sli
ke‘ Shr edsofTender ness’
Lil
ian: Il
ov e‘TheRi verBet ween’ .
Kabony i: Noway !Thatwi l
l makeast upidpl ay!Let’sdo‘ AnEnemyofThePeopl e.’
Nor een: Peter?
Pet er: Ihav enev erwat ched‘ Shr edsofTender ness’but…
Per i
s: It
’sasuper bpl ay .
Nor een: Peri
s, Pleasel etPet erf inishtheni twi l
l bey ourturn
Per i
s: Sorry.
Pet er: Anyway ,Ihav eseenapl ayon‘ Anenemyoft hePeopl e’
butIhav ewat ched
the
mov ieandIl ovei t
Nor een: Peri
s?
Per i
s: Ijustwantt osayt hatIt hink‘ShredsofTender ness’ i
sar eall
ygoodpl ay .
Nor een: Apepo?
Apepo: Isawt hemov ie‘ Anenemyoft hepeopl e’ t
ooandIr eall
yl i
keit.Ilov
edt hat
part
wher eAsl askenasksDr .Stockmannt o…
 Noreen: Excuseme,Apepo,butweshoul
dtal
kaboutt
hataf
tert
hedi
scussi
oni
s
over.Does
anyonehaveanyot hersuggest
ions?No?Ok, Kabonyiproposed‘
Anenemy
ofthe
People’
,Tom li
kes‘ ShredsofTender ness’andLi ll
i
anwant stot he‘
The
Riv
er
Between’
.Hasany oneseenorr eadallt hree?No.Ok?Isuggestt hatweal
l
goto
theli
brar
yandreadt hem andthencont i
nuet hediscussi
oninacoupleof
days.I
s
thatokwit
heveryone?Ok.Thedi scussioni sov er
.

(
i)I
dent
iyanyt
f hreewr
ongt
hingsdonebyt
hecl
assi
nter
msofef
fect
ivecommuni
cat
ion

(a)Koechwaspar toft heaudiencel i

steni
ngt oaspeechdel iv
eredbyt heDirectorofYouth
Affairsonhowt oempowert hey outh.Aftert
hespeecht heDi r
ectoraskedt hem
quest ionson
thekeyi ssueswhi chfeaturedint hespeech.Koechcoul dnotr emembermuch.Whatdo
you
thinkhef ai
ledtododur ingt hespeech?
(b)Youhav ebeeni nvit
edt ogiveat alktothePamoj aYout hGrouponet iquett
e.Youdeci de
to
focusonr espectingper sonalspacei nsociali
nteracti
oninyourtalk.Describetwo
exampl es
thaty ouwoul duset oil
lustrat
et hediff
erentsi
tuationsinwhichitwouldbei mpor t
antto
respectper sonalspace.
(c)Dur i
ngapr esentation,
y ouwer einterr
uptedseverallybysomemember soft heaudi
ence.
Gi vefourreasonswhyt heaudi encewoul ddoso?

a)I
10. ( dent
ifythesil
entlett
er(s)int
hef
oll
owi
ngwor
ds
(i
)Mar r
ied..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
(i
i)Bomb. ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(i
ii
)Diff
erence...
..
..
..
...
(
iv)Satchet
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
(v)Buff
et...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
.

b)Readt
( hef
oll
owingoralsongandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
ORALSONG
Ndieguakatsi
akusuma
Achimaumwana
Numwanaakat siakusuma
Achimandiegu

Ndieguv ava
Ukali
langagu?
Zunu, zunu,
zunu.
..
.

Transl
ati
on
Ndieguwenttobegforfood
Shedidn’
tgiv
eittot
hechi l
d
Thechil
dwenttobegf orfood
I
tdidn’
tgivei
ttoNdi
egu

Ndi
egu,pl
ease
Whythenareyoucr
ying?
 Pi
nch,
pinch,
pinch.
..
..
.

(
i)Gi
vethecharacteri
sticsofthi
soral
performance
(i
i)Whatfeatur
esofor alperf
ormancearelostwhent hi
ssongi swrit
tendown?
(
ii
i)I
fyouwer etoperformt hi
ssongbefor
ey ourfel
l
owst udent
sinformII,
what
accompaniment swoul dmakeforthi
saudiencetor emembery ourper
for
mance
foralongtime?
(i
v)Whataspectsoft hissongwouldmakei teasyfortheaudiencetojoi
ninthesi
ngi
ng
of

(c)Youar erequir
edtogi v
eanimprompt uspeechinacrowdedassemblyofinat
tenti
ve
st
udents.
Statewhaty ouwoul ddotoensurethatt
heylist
entoyou
(d)Divi
det hefoll
owingwor dsi
ntothei
rconsti
tuentsy
ll
abl
eunit
se.g.Operat
e–op- er-
ate
(
i)Wonder. .
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(
ii
)Honey. ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
(
ii
i)Drawback...
..
..
..
..
..
..
(i
v)Town. ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
(v)Educati
on...
..
..
..
..
..
..

(e)(i
)Twot eacher s( Mr s.St ima–D. O.SandMr .Obway a–t hedr amat eacher )ofKi tiHigh
school
areinv ol
vedi nadi scussi oni nt hest affr
oom.Theyar eassessi ngt hepossi bi li
tyof
all
owing
st
udent scontinuewi tht heirent ertainmentonFr idayev enings.Compl etet heconv ersat i
on:
-
MrsSt i
ma: Mr .Obway a, doy out hinkent ert
ainmenti snecessar yint hisschool ?
Mr.Obway a:
Mrs.Stima: Mor et ime?Thi si sunaccept abl
e!Lett hest udentsdowhatbr oughtthem t o
school.
Thi sisaschool andnotal ei
surer esor t.
Mr.Obway a:
MrsSt i
ma: Inf actwear ewast i
ngt imedi scussi ngt hisissue.Let ’
sbanent er
tainment .
Wear enot
dest roy i
ngany body .
Mr.Obway a:
Mrs.Stima: (calml y)Woul dy oupl ease, explainwhyy ouar efavouringt hisi ssue.
Mr.Obway a:
Mrs.Stima: Butwhent heygoi ntot hedancehal ltheyar enev ergr ownupsnorar et hey
responsi ble.Theyshoul dsti
ckt obooks.
Mr.Obway a:..
MrsSt i
ma: Iam sor ry,Mr .Obway a,I’v
et ocuty oushor t.Arey ouawar et hatt hemaj orit
y
i
n
thisschool areoft heopi niont hatenter tainmentshoul dbecur tai
led?
Mr.Obway a: (shocked)
Mrs.Stima: Thati si t
.Not hi
ngi sgoi ngtohappenandnobodyi sgoi ngt ochanget his.
Mrs.Stima:…………………….
Mr.Obway a: yes!Whynot ?Theyev enneedt obeaddedmor et ime
Mrs.St i
ma: ………………………. .
Mr.Obway a: Iagr eewi t
hy oubuty ouknow, wemayt hinkwear eassi stingt hechi ldren
butfi
nd
wear edest royingt hem.
Mrs.Stima: *
Mr.Obway a: tomeent ertainmenti spar tandpar cel oflearni
ng.I tisabsol utelynecessar y
Mrs.Stima: ……………………………………
Mr.Obway a: Student sneedt imeawayf rom t heirbooks.Lett hem v entil
at etheirst eam.
 Furt
hermor e,t
heyareresponsibl
eastheyaregrown-ups
Mr
s.Sti
ma:……………………
Mr
.Obwaya:Buttheyneed……
Theyshowi nt
err
upti
on.ifnoelli
pseordot
s,award“0”mark.
Mrs.St
ima:
Mr
.Obwaya:What!Itcan’tbe!Youareinvi
tedfortr
oubl
e√
N/B:
-Theexcl amationmarkisnecessarytoshowshock.
Mrs.St
ima:

(i
i
)St
atet
wof
ormsofpol
i
teaddr
essusedbyMr
s.St
imai
ntheabov
econv
ersat
ion
(
1mk)

11. (
a) Readthepoem belowandthenanswert
hequest
ionsthatfol
low.
BOYONASWI NG
Sl
owlyhemov es Hisblueshirt
Toandf r
o,toandfro, Bi
ll
owi nthebr
eeze
Thenfasterupanddown. Li
keat att
eredkite

Thewor l
dwhorlsby: Mother
!
eastbecomeswest , Wher
edidIcomefrom?
nort
hturnssouth Whenwil
lIwearl
ongtrouser
s?
Thefourcardi
nalpoi
ntsi
nhi
shead, Whywasmyf at
herjai
led?

i
)Ident
if
yanytwosoundpat t
ernsusedinthi
spoem andil
lust
ratet
hem.
i
i
)Whydoy out
hingthepoetusesthesoundpatter
nsyouhaveident
if
iedi
n(i
)abov
e?
i
ii
)Howwoul dyousayline2–4oft hi
spoem andwhy ?
i
v)Givewordsthatsoundsi
milartot
hefol
lowingonesint
hispoem.
Blue–
Wear

b(i)Rearranget hefol
lowingwordsi npairsofhomophones.
whines,mown, l ays,weather,dough,l aze,moan,doe,whet her
,wine
(i
i)Provi
demi nimum pair
sforthef oll
owingwor ds.
/t/ /d/
doubt
dt
dor
c)Youwer et hebeststudenti
nK. C.S.E.l
asty ear
.Thepri
ncipl
eofyourformerschoolhas
r
equestedy outogiv
easpeecht othepr esentcandi
dates.Whati
mpor t
antaspect
s
would
youconsi derinordertoenhanceef fecti
vespeechdeliv
ery?

d.Readt
hef
oll
owingdi
alogueandanswert hequest i
onsthatfol
low:
Makokha : Hioldman!Ihopey ouknowwhyI ’
m here,Yourgir
lLavender
lovesmeandIhav ecomet otakeheraway .Whereisshe?
Murunga : DidIhearyour i
ght?Didy ousay………………………….
Makokha : Yes,Lavender!Justsayhowmanygoat sy ouwant!
Murunga : Whoar eyou?Whosesonar eyou?
Makokha : Goodheav ens!Youmeany oudon’tknowfwhoI am?You
mustbe
theonlyoneint hi
sv i
l
lagewhodoesn’ tknowf amouspeople
l
i
ke
 me.Iam MakokhaorDeno,
theguywhosev
oicey
ouusual
l
y
hear
onEgesaF.M.radio.Youar eaveryl
uckyfat
her-i
n-law!
Murunga : Whatistheworldcomingt o?
Makokha : Ihopeyouarenotgoingcompl etel
ybli
nd.Theworldisgoing
nowhere!I
tisLavenderwhoi scomingtomyt hr
ee-stor
ies
pal
ace.
Askhertocome.Iam r unningl
ate.
Mur
unga : Youngman……. .getoutofmysi ghtbefor
eIsetdog,Tobby,on
y
ou!

d.(
i)Identi
fyandill
ustrat
efourthingsthaty
ouf i
ndwr ongwit
hMakokha’ smanner
ofspeech.
(i
i)“Yourgir
l,Lavender,
lovesmeandIhav ecomet otakeheraway.”Rewr
it
ethis
sent
ence
i
nthemanneri nwhichMakokhashoul dhav eutt
eredi
fhehadasenseofcour t
esy
.
(
ii
i)Atonepoi ntMakokhadel i
beratel
ymisunderstandsMurunga.I
denti
fyt
hispoi
nt
and
statewhatitreveal
saboutMakokha’ satti
tude.

12. Readt hef oll

owi ngpoem andr espondt othequesti
ons
ISHALLRETURN
Ishal
l returnagai n.Ishal l retur
n
Tolaughandl oveandwat chwi thwonderey es
Atgoldennoont hef orestf i
resbur n,
Wafti
ngt heirblue–bl acksmoket osapphir
eskies
Ishal
l returntol oit
erbyt hest r
eams
Thatbat het hebr ownbl adesoft hebendinggrasses,
Andreal i
zeoncemor emyt housanddr eams.
Ofwat ersr ushingdownt hemount ai
npasses.
Ishal
l returntoheart hef i
ddleandf i
fe
Ofvil
lagedances, deardel i
cioust unes
Thatst i
rthehi ddendept hsofnat i
veli
fe
Str
aymel odiesofdi m-r emember edtunes.
Ishal
l return.Ishal lr
et urnagai n
Toeasemymi ndofl ong, l
ongy earsofpain.

(
a) i
)Whatthreethi
ngsdoest hepoetwisht oret
urnto?
i
i
)Namet hestyl
ist
icdevi
cetoemphasi zethepoetslonging.
i
i
i)Descr
ibetwosoundpatternsusedint hepoem
i
v)Apoem isbestreadal
oud.Whatdoy outhinki
slostifyoureadt
hispoem
si
l
ent
ly?

b)I
magi neyouarepar
toftheaudiencethati
slist
eningtoaspeech.Youl ookaroundand
noti
ce
t
hatsomepeopl ear
elookingatthei
rwatches,afewarey awningandoneort woare
shi
fti
ngi n
t
heirseat
s.
i
)Whatwoul dbetheli
kel
ycauseofsuchbehav iour?Mentionatleastf
ourcauses
i
i
)Ifyouwer etobethespeaker
,whatwouldy oudot ocaptureandsustai
ntheinter
est
to
t
heaudience?Menti
onatleastfour
 )Foreachoft
c)i hewor
dsbel
owgi
veanot
herwor
dwi
tht
hesamepr
onunci
ati
on
Wet–
Soar–
Would–
Ti
ed–
One–
You–

)Under
i
i li
nethesi
l
entsoundsi
nthesewor
ds
Gain
Heli
pad
Resi
st
Rhy
Tomb
Deli
ver

d)Whatwil
lbethemeani ngofthesentencesbel
owift
heunder
li
nedwor
dsar
est
ressed
i
)Theyoungtoutandt hedri
ver,hi
j
ackedthecar
i
i)Theyoungt outandthedriver
,hi
j
ackedt
hecar
e)Thephonerings.
Mr.Oundo:(picki
ngthephone)Yes!
Ken :Whoi sspeakingplease?
Mr.Oundo: Whatdoy ouwant?
Ken :Iwoul dl
iketospeakto…
Mr.Oundo: SpeakupIcanthearwhaty ouaresay
ing!

From theabovetel
ephoneconv
ersat
ioni
dent
if
yandexpl
ainatl
eastt
hreecasesofl
ackof
telephoneeti
quett
e

13. a)Readt hepoem bel owandanswer squest

ionsbasedoni
t.
LI
STENTOTHERAI N
Listentot herain,
Thewhi speroft herain,
Thesl owsof tspr i
nkle,
thedr i
p-droptinkle,
thef i
rstwetshi sperofther
ain.

List
ent otherai
n,
thesingingoftherain,
theti
ptoepitt
erpatter,
thespli
shandspl ashandspl
att
er,
thesteadysound,
thesingingoftherain.

List
ent ot herain,
theroaringpour ingrai
n,
thehurly-burly
topsy-turvey
Lashinggnashi ngt eet
hofther ai
n,
Thelightning-fl
ashing
Thundercr ashi
ng
Soundingpoundi ngroari
ngrain,
l
eav i
ngal loutdoorsamuddl e,
Ami shymushymuddypuddl e.
 Li
stent othequietude,
Thesilenceandt hesolit
ude
Ofaft
err ain,
Thedripping,dri
pping,droppi
ng,
Theslowl y,sl
owlystopping
Thefreshwetsi l
ent
aft
ert i
me
ofrain.

i
)Ident
if
yanytwosoundpatt
ernsemployedint
hepoem
i
i
)Describet
herhymeschemeoft hepoem
i
i
i)Howwouldy ousayt
hefi
rstli
neofthepoem?

b)Abearwil
lbearabear
i
)Cl
assif
ytheabov egenre
i
i)St
atetwof unct
ionsoft
hegenr
eabov
e
ii
i)Gi
veanotherexampleofthegenr
e

.c)Underl
inetheoddoneout
i
)Picked wi
cked packed sacked
i
i)World worker wolf worship
i
ii
)Think t
his thi
ng thi
stl
e
i
v)Tube t
utor tur
n tumour

. d)i
)non-ver
balskil
lsincommuni cati
onar ev eryimportantint
hedel
iver
yofanyor
al
i
tem.
St
ateanyfourformsofnon- verbalcues
ii
)Gi
vet hr
eereasonswhylisteningisanessent i
alaspectofcommuni
cati
on
i
ii
)Howwoul dyousaythefollowingst at
ement s;
i)Whydoy oualwayscomet ochurchlate?
i
i)Areyoutheboywhowasf oundbul l
yingthefor
m ones?
ii
i)Idon’
tbeli
eveyourstory .

e)Imaginey ouar efacedwi t

hthefoll
owingsi t
uationsandgiveatleasttwo
appr
opriat
e
responsest o eachsituat
ion
i
)Youaccident all
yknockdownanot herstudentonthepav ement
i
i)Youar ei nahur ryt ogettoschoolandt hreepeoplearebusyconv er
singri
ghti
n
t
hemi ddle ofthepat h
i
ii
)Yourfriendhasl ostacloserel
ati
veandy oudecidetoconsol
eher

14. Readt
hepoem bel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-

Thesunr i
sesintheeast
Sendi
ngf ort
hit
smor ni
ngHeat
Theli
lyintheval
leybel
ow
Refl
ectsit
swondr ousgl
ow

Redyell
owpi nkandwhite
Therosessendoutt hei
rbri
ghtl
i
ght
I
tissuchawondr oussight
Beautyshi
ningthroughtheni
ght

(
i)Expl
ainonewayt
hroughwhi
chr
hyt
hm hasbeenachi
eved
 (
ii
)Wr i
tedownt herhymeschemeoft hepoem.
(
ii
i)Explai
nanyt woway sy ouwouldensur
ey ouraudienceenjoysy ourper
formanceof
thi
spoem
(
iv)Whichthreewor dswoul dyouemphasizeinlinet
hreeofst anzaone?
(
v)Under l
i
net hesi
lentlet
terinthefol
l
owingwor ds:.
Rendezv ous
Condemn
Eulogy.
Phlegm .
(
vi)Usingeachofthef oll
owingwords.Constructtwosentenceswi theachtoshowthe
t
wo
meani ngsi mpl iedi nthewor d..
(vii
)Yourschool principalhasinvi
tedapr omi nentprof
essortoof f
eratalkonat opi
cof
students’
i
nterest.Brief l
yexpl ainanyfourfeaturest hatwoul
dpr oveoneisnotl i
steni
ng
(vii
i
) Gi veawor dt hatsoundssi mil
artot heonegi venbelow (
3mks)½a
mar keach
Anal yst-
Sur ge-
Sessi on-
Thr ough-
Ster l
ing-
Symbol -
(f)Thefollowingi spar tofaconv ersat
ionbet weenast udentandapr i
ncipalofsome
schoolin
KakamegaDi strict.Thest udentisthechai rper
sonoftheschool’swri
ters’cl
ubandis
request i
ngf orpermissionforthecl ubmember st oattendawrit
erssy mposi
um at
aneighbour i
ng school .Compl etetheconv er sat i
on.

St
udent :
…………………………………. ...…………………………………………
Princi
pal:Goodmor ning,yourcl
ubpatronMr s.Wasi
kehadment ionedthatyouwouldseeme
about
asy mposi
um butshedi dnotelaborat
ewhatisthesymposium aboutandShowwi l
l
you
benefi
tfr
om it.
Student: ………………………………………………………………………………
Princi
pal:Thatsoundslikeav er
yusefulsymposium Howmanycl ubmember swil
lat
tendand
how
doy oui
ntendtof i
nancethetri
p?.
Student: ………………………………………………………………………………
Princi
pal:Thatisagoodnumber ,andIhopey ouwil
lrai
seenoughmoneyf r
om thepr
oject
s.I
f
some
remainsaft
erthetripyoucouldsupportt
heschoolbursaryfund.Youhavemy
permission.
Student: …………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Fi ll
int
hebl ankspaceswi ththemostappr opr i
ateword (10mks)
Alt
hough ( 1)____
_ Presidentandpr imemi ni
stereff
ecti
vel
y(2)____
_aceasefi
re
(
3) ______t
hey ( 4)_
_____ont het el
ephone ( 5)________
_ Wednesdayni ghtandasked
t
heirl
i
eut enantstoceasehost il
ity 6r elati
onshipmaynotbeoutoft hewoods(7)
____
_____.
The Pr esi
dent(8)_ ____
_ Pri
me Mi nist
erdi f
fered when Rail
a ( 9)_
___
___the
suspensi
on of ( 10)___Wil
li
am Rut oofAgr icul
tureandSam Onger iofEducat
ionaweekago.
(Adaptedfrom TheSt andar dNewspaper )
. (a)Thefol
lowi
ngisatel
ephoneconversati
onbet
weenJaneandhermother.Janeisa
studentat
MwalimuHighSchool,
whil
ehermot her
,whohasbeenunwel
lforsomet i
me,isa
business
l
ady.Complet
ethedial
oguebyfi
l
linginthebl
ankswit
happr
opriat
eresponses.

MOTHER :HelloJane!Howar ey ou?

JANE: ……………………………………………………. ..
(2mks)
Mot her :Oh!Li
ttl
egirl
.Don’ twor ryaboutthat,Iam stil
londr ugsandI
beli
eveal l
wil
l bewel lverysoon.Iam concer nedabouty ourschool
work.Hav eyoui mpr oved?
JANE: ……………………………………………………………………………. ………
Mot her :Thi
sisgreat.Ihav ealway sprayedf oryou.Don’ trelaxaft
ermid-
termr esul
ts.
Nowmakesur ethaty ouar ewor ki
nghar dtobet hebesti nthedist
ri
ct.
JANE: ……………………………………………………………………………. ………
MOTHER :Youar eri
ghtJane.Car oisjoiningUniversi
tyofNai robi andallofusinthe
vi
ll
agear eproudofher .Wher eareyougoi ngont het our?
JANE: ……………………………………………………………………………. ………
MOTHER :Iwillsendsomebodyt ocleartheremainingamount .Nextmont hisonly
ten
daysaway .
JANE :
……………………………………………………………………………. ………
MOTHER :Daddyi sdoingwell buthehasgoneont ransfertoKiany aga.

(
b)Readt
hepoem bel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow

Shedwel
tamongunt r
oddenways
Besi
desthespringsofdove;
Amaidwhom t herewasnonetopr
aise
Andver
yf ewtolove

Av i
oletbymossyst one
Half-
hiddenf rom t heey e!
Fairasast ar,whenonl yone
Isshiningi nthesky
Shelivedunknown, andfewcoul dknow
WhenLucyceasedt obe:
Butshei nhergr ave, andoh,
Thedi fferencet ome!
Questions
(i
)Descr i
bet her hymeschemeoft heabovepoem
(2mks)
(i
i)Whichwor dwoul dy oust r
essinstanza1line4,andwhy? (
2mks)
(i
ii
)Ifyouwer etor ecitet hepoem i nadr amafest
ival
,whattwoper
for
mancef eat
ures
wouldyou
empl oyint helastst anza?Gi v
er easons
(2mks)
(c)From thef oll
owi ngl ist,writ
edownf i
vepair
sofwor dswhosepr
onunci
ati
onsare
simi
lar Abat toir well coup
Rattl
e kettle hail
Nose zoo cape
Hale tour whale
Gape met eor noi
se
(5mks)
 Cattl
e knows cups
(
d)Rewri
tethefol
l
owingwor dsi
ntwocolumnsoft
hehi
ssi
ngsounds/
s/and/
3/
depending ontheirpr
onunci
ati
ons (5mks)
Conscious
Special
Ocean
Measur e
Cushion
Explosi
on
Mot i
on
Seizure
Brush
Fushion

(
e)I
magi
ney
ouhav
ebeeni
nvi
tedt
ospeakaboutt
her
oleofNACADAi
nfi
ght
ingdr
ug
abuse
amongtheKenyanyouth.Whatwoul
dyouneedt
oensur
ethatyourspeechi
s
successful?
(
f)Mentionfi
venon-v
erbal
cuesy ouwoul
dusetomakey
ourspeecheffect
ive (5mks)

16. a)Readthepoem belowandanswert hequesti

onst
hatf
oll
ow;
THEEAGLE
HeclaspstheCragwi t
hcrookedhands:
Cl
oset othesuninlonel
yhands,
Rungwi t
htheazurewor l
d,hestands,

Thewri
nkledseabeneathcrawls:
Hewatchesf r
om hismountai
nwalls,
Andl
ikeat hunderbel
thefall
s.

Quest i
ons
Identi
fytwosoundpat t
ernsempl oyedi nt hepoem. (2mks)
Whathast hepoetachi evedbyuseoft heabov e? (2mks)
Whi chwor dwoul dyoust ressint helastl i
neandwhy ? (
2mks)
a)Whatgest ureswoul dy ouusewhi l
erecit
ingl i
neoneoft hepoem? (
2mks)
b)Asmal lwomanwhocooksbet terthanyourmot her,
Answer .Bee
i
)I dent ifytheabov egenr e. (
1mk)
ii
)Gi veanyt hreef uncti
onsoft hegenr eabov e. (
3mks)
c)Wr i
teanot herwor dwi t
hsi mil
arpr onunci ati
onast hese. (5mks)
Come
ar en’t
need
way
or al
d)i )Expl ainthreer easonswhyl isteningisanimpor t
antaspectofcommuni cat
ion.
i
i)Stat
eanyt hreef ormsofnonv erbal cuesandbr i
ef l
yexpl
ainwhateachoft hem
ent ails.
e)Ment iont hewor dsorexpr essionsy ouwoul duseineachoft hefoll
owingsi
tuati
on.(3
i)Youar er ev i
singf ory ourendt erm examsathome.Yournei ghboursarepl
ayingver
y
l
oud
musi
c.Youdeci
det
ogoov
ert
othei
rhouset
orequestt
hem t
oreducet
hev
olumeof
t
hei
r
radi
o.(
1mk)
i
i)Afri
endofyour
scomestoyourhousetoinvi
teyoutoaccompanyhim orhert
owatch
amov ie.
Youareunabl
etoaccompanyhi
m/.herbecauseyouhavenotfi
nishedy
ourchoresi
nthe
house.
Youdecidetoturndownt hei
nvi
tat
ion. (
1mk)
ii
i)Yourf
riendhassentyoumessaget hatsheorhehasl
osthi
sorhermot
her
.You
deci
de
toconsolehim orher
. (
1mk)

17.(
a)Readt hepoem bel
owandanswerthequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
Myol dman’ swhi
teoldman
Andmyol dmother’
sblack
IfeverIcursedmyoldwhiteol
dman
Itakemycur sesback

Ifev
erIcursedmybl ackol
dmot
her
Andwi shedshewereinhell
Iam sorryfort
hatevi
lwish
AndnowIwi shherwell

Myoldmandi edinafi
nebighouse
Mymadi edinashack
IwonderwhereI’
m gonnadi
e
Bei
ngneitherwhi
tenorbl
ack (
ByLangst
oneHughes)

a) (i
)Descr ibet her hy meschemeoft hepoem (2mks)
(ii
)Apar tf rom r hy me,i dent i
fyanothersoundpat ternusedint hepoem andst ateit
s
eff
ect
(
iii
)St atet hewor dsy ouwoul dst r
essi nthethir
dlastli
neandexplainwhy
(2mks)
(iv)Howwoul dy ousayt hel astli
ne? (1mk)
b)Inwhi chwor di st hev owel sounddifferentinthefol
lowingsetofwor ds? (
5mks)
(i)son, sun, can, hut
(ii
)came, come, late, name
(ii
i)so, sew, sow, sod
(iv)hot ,robe, cock, cost
(v)hur t,herd, har d, fi
rm
c)Indicat ethei nt onat i
onpat terninthef ol
lowingsentences (5mks)
(i)Arey ouser ious?
(ii
)Youmustbehav ey ourself
(ii
i)Iam goi ngshoppi ng
(iv)Hecan’ tdot hat , r
eally!
d) I naconv er sat i
on, howdoesoneknowi ti
shis/hertur
ntospeak?
(5mks)
(e)Youar eat tendi ngasemi narwithy ourfri
end.Halfwaythr
ought hepresentat
ionby
oneoft hespeaker s,she( yourfriend)tell
syouthatshecanhar dlyconcentr
ate.
Explainanysev enst rategiesy ouwoul d adv i
cehert o empl oyso ast olist
en
eff
ecti
vely
andbenef i
tf rom t het alk. (7mks)
.

18. (
i)Readthepoem belowandanswert hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
Isitoutsi
demyhouseandl i
sten
From theconstr
uctionsit
ecomes
Pound, push,
pullandplunk.

Igetbacki
ntot
hehouseandl
i
sten
 For
m herki
tchencomes
Wash,swi
rlandgush

TobedIgoatl
astforpeace
But
Mutt
er,
wheezeandslurp

Hesnor
esinpeace
Whil
eIawakeIremai
n
Thenoi
setooi
ntenset
oignor
e

Oh!Thenoisetheymake
I
nthehouse, outthehouse
Outthebed,inthebed
Whycan’ttheykeepsil
ence?

(a)Whati sthepoem t alkingabout?

(1mk)
(b)I
dent i
fyanytwosoundpat ternsusedi nthepoem (4mks)
(c)Whichwor dswoul dyoust ressinthel astl
ineofst anzathree?Why?
(2mks)
(
d)(i
)Howwoul dy ousayt heli
neoft hepoem?
(1mk)
(i
i)Identi
fyfourpai r
sofwor dswi t
ht hesamepr onunci ati
onf r
om theli
stbelow
(4mks)
Hale Pose missed dr
aught mist
Way bawl ai
r ball til
e
Why tall pause draf
t hit
Drought ore wail ti
l
l heat
(i
i
i)Youar ear adiopresent erandy ouar escheduledt oint
erviewapr ominentpoli
ti
cian
abut
thecurrentpr oposedconst it
ution.
(a)Whatpr eparationswoul dyoucar r
youtbef oretheintervi
ew?
(6mks)
(b)Whatst rategi
eswoul dyouempl oyduri
ngt heintervi
ewsessi on? (6mks)
(i
v)Explainanysixi mpor tantdetai
lsyouwi l
lusewhengi v
ingdirecti
ont omakeit
accur
ate.
 SECTI
ONI
I(Pp2)
-
PAPER101/ 2–( COMPREHENSI ON, LI
TERARYAPPRECI ATIONANDGRAMMAR)
TheKCSEEngl ishpaper101/ 2hast hreemainpar
tsof:
a)Compr ehension–i )Unseentext–20mks
i
i
)Theseent extnormal
l
yanexcerptfr
om oneoft
hecompul
sor
yset
text
s-
25mks
b)Li
teraryappreciat
ionofeitherapoem oranoralnarr
ati
ve–20mks
c)Grammar–15mks
TOTAL–80mks

SECTI
ONA–UNSEENTEXT
SECTI
ONB–COMPREHENSI ON:-
QUESTION2–ANEXCERPTFROM ONEOFTHECOMPULSORYTEXTS
SECTI
ONC
QUESTION3–LI TERARYAPPRECIATION
Thi
sareaconsi
stsofeit
herapoem oranar
rat
ive.Thecandi
dat
eisexpect
edt
ocar
ryout
acomprehensi
veli
ter
aryappr
eci
ati
on
POEMS
ORALNARRATI VES
GRAMMAR–QUESTI ON4

Sect ionA– COMPREHENSI ON

1. Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequest i
onst hatfoll
ow
WOMENI NI RAN
So f ar,ev ery t
hing seems nor mal .Buti nt he i llust rati
ons accompany ing t his
descr iptiont he balleri
nashav e been ai r-brushedout .I nst ead,anempt yspace,t hef l
oor
andt hebl ankwal l meet s t heey e.Li kesomanyot herimagesofwomeni nIrant hebal l
erinas
hav ebeencensor ed
Dega’ spai ntingi sembl emat i
cofabasi cpar adoxofl ifeinI r
an,20y earsaf terthe
Islami c revol ut i
on.Ont heonehand,t her egimehassucceededi ncompl etelyr epr essing
Iranianwomen. AtanyGov ernmentI nst itutions, Univ ersit i
esandAi rportsther ear esepar at e
ent rancesf or women, wher et heyar eof tencheckedf orsi gnsofv i
olati
ngt hest rictdr ess
code.Theyar e forbiddent ogooutunl esst heyar ecov er edbycl othi
ngt hatconceal s
ev erythingbutt hei rhandsandf aces.Atoneoft he uni ver siti
eswher eIusedt ot each,I ’m
toldaf emal epr of essorwas expel l
edbecauseherwr isthadshownf rom underhersl eev e
whi leshewaswr i
t i
ngont he bl ackboar d.
Yett hese measur es,meantt or enderwomen i nvincible and power l
ess,ar e
par adoxi cally maki ngwomenv isi
bleandpower f
ul .Byat tempt ingtocont rolev er yaspect
ofwomen’ slivesand byst akingi tslegi timacyont heI r anianpeopl e’ssupposeddesi ref or
thiscont rol____ther egimehasunwi ttinglyhandedwomenapower fulweapon; ev erypr ivat eact
orgest urei ndef ianceof of ficial r
ul eisnowast rongpol it
ical st atement .
Meanwhi l
e,because i t
s ext reme r egul ation ofwomen’ sl ives unnecessar i
ly
i
nt rudesont he pr i
vatel i
vesofmen,t her egi mehasal soal ienat edmanymenwhoi niti
ally
suppor tedt he revolut i
on
Womenont heev eoft heI slami cr evolutionwer eact i
v einal lareasofl ifei nI r
an.
They wer eencour agedt opar tici
pat ei nar easnor mal l
ycl osedt ot hem.Womenwer epol i
ce
of f
icer, judgesandpi lots-act i
vei nev er yf ieldexceptt hecl er gy .By1978, 22womenwer e
member sofpar l
iamentandt wosati nt hesenat e.
TheAy atoll
ahKhomei niaccused t hem ofbet ray ing cul t
ureand t radi t
ion.Dr .
Far rokhr ou Par sawasoneoft heseal legedt raitors.Shegav euphermedi calpr act i
cet o
becomepr incipal of thegi rl
sschoolIat tendedi nTehr an.ThenshebecameI r
ani ansf irst
femal ecabi netmi ni ster,i
nchar ge ofeducat i
on.When t he Shah was oust ed,Par sa was
summar i
lytriedandexecut ed.She waschar gedwi th“ cor rupt i
ononear t
h, war r
ingagai nst
God”and“ Expansi onofpr ostitut i
on” , al lowednodef ensenowher eandsent encedbyhooded
j
udges; shewasputi nasackbef orebei ng kill
ed.
 Ayatol
lah Khomei nit r
ied to expelwomen f rom t he publ ic sphere was not
surpri
sing. Whatwassur prisi
ngwast hel ef
tistmember soft her evoluti
onar ycoalit
ionwho
wentaway . Thel efti
sthadt r
aditionall
yappear edtosuppor twomen’ sr i
ght s.Howev er,
their
total
it
arian mi ndsetwasul timat el
ymor eateasewi thther igidruleexposedbyt he
reacti
onarydericswith t
hepl urali
stic approachf avour edbyt hewomen’ smov ement.
Thus,whent heAy at
ollah beganhi scr ackdown, hehadt hef ullsuppor toft heleft
ist
s.
ManyIranianwomen, ont heotherhandwer enotsopl iant.Onacol ddayi nMar ch
1979,t housandsofshout i
ngwomenmassedTut ooneoft heTehr an’ swi deav enues.Theyhad
gathered toexpresstheirresistancet otheAy atol
lah’
sat temptt omaket hem i
nvinci
bl e.
Someday searl
ier,t
heAy atoll
ahhadannul l
edt hef amilypr otection.

1.Whatreasondi dt
heAy atol
lahgiveforwanti
ngtomakewomeni nvi
nci
ble?
2.Doyouthinkthewr i
terofthispassageismaleorfemale?Supporty
ouranswer
3.Gi
ve:i)Ci t
eoneoft herepressiv
elawsagainstwomen.
i
i)Whywast hepr of
essorexpel
led?
4.Listthethr
eeaccusat i
onslevel
edagainstDr.Far
rokhr
ouParsai
nt he
passage.
5.Descri
bethet
hemeinthi
spassage.
6.Befor
etheIsl
ami
crevol
uti
oninwhichar
easwer
ewomenencour
agedt
o
par
ti
cipat
e?
7.Expl
aint
hepar
adoxt
heaut
horr
efer
sint
het
hir
dpar
agr
aphwhi
chbegi
ns,
“Yett
hese
measur
es”
8.Descri
bethewr i
ter’
sopini
onont hetr
eat
mentofwomeninthepassage
9.Expl
ainthemeani ngofthefol
lowingwor
dsandphrasesi
nthepassage
i)censored-
ii
)embl ematic-
ii
i)al
leged-
iv)l
efti
st-
v)espoused-
10.Whattit
lecanbegi ventothi
spassage?

2. Readt
hepassagebel
owandt
henanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-

her esear chbyt heMaendel eoy aWanaumeOr ganizat iont hatr eportsacaseof
rev er
sed roleswher emenar emadet ocook, washcl othes, cleant hehouse, utensils
andbabysi tshoul dr ev ealmor e anddel vei ntot he causal i
ties r athert han i ssue
i
nf lammat or yfindings withalarmi ngst at
isti
cst hatwi l
lonl yser v et oscar ecour tship.
Itshoul dbenot edwi thclarityt hatsoci etaltransitionar enor mal l
ytreat edwi tha
l
otofcaut i
on, sobr i
etyandr easonabl enesst oav oi
dendanger i
ngt hev eryf abr i
csthathol dthe
society together .Thisisbecausei t’sapr ocesst hatt akest i
met osink, beappr eci atedand
accept abl y embr aced.Equal ly,theconnot at i
onr eversedr olesi mpl yr epl acementofmal e
domi nat ionby femal edomi nati
oni nsteadofhy bridsy stem wher er olesar eshar edequal ly
andhel phandedout wher enecessar ytosuppl ementeachot her ’sef fort.
Genderr eferst owomen’ sandmen’ ssoci all
ydef inedr olesandchar act eristi
cs
thatar eshapedbyhi stor i
cal,economi c,religi
ous, cultural andet hical factors.
Genderi sl earned t hrough soci al
izat i
on,i ti s notf i
xed,i ti s changeabl e.Gender
stereoty pes t hereforei ncl
udecomment sl ike,womenar eweakandcowar ds,gent le,nur turi
ng
andcar i
ng whi lemenar ebr eadwi nner s,deci sionmaker sandgener allyaggr essive.
TheAf ri
cansoci etyandKeny ai npar t
icularispat ri
ar chal.Asoci alsy st em based
onmal e privi
legeandpoweri nwhi chwomenar er egardedsecondar yandcr eat edf orthe
serviceofmen.
Patriarchyi smost lyformenandt hat’
swhymenf eelt hreatenedwhenpat ri
archy
i
s chal l
enged.Howev er,resear chhasshownt hatnotal lmenar ewi nner sunderpat riarchy.
Thisi sbecausepat ri
archyput sal otofpr essur eonment oper form andbecome
wor kahol ici
nast ruggl etomai ntai
nt hefami l
y ,
forexampl e, resear chhasshownmost
mi l
l
ionai resint heUSar ewomen, widowsofmenwhodi edy oungf rom di seasesr elat edt oov er
 wor k.
Sincegenderi ssoci et alcreat i
on and notbi ology,i tcan bechanged,al beit
gradually.
Thest ubbornmenwhol iveinthepastshoul dbepr epar edf orfeminism approach
that per ceivesandi nt
erpretssocial sit
uationf rom awoman’ spointofv i
ew.
Accor dingt othi
sappr oach, f
emal eoppr essionshouldbeaddr essedadequat el
y.
Her e, thear eaoffocusi ncludes:Educat ionandl egalright sforwomen.Economi c
ri
ght s,
thatadv ocat e’sequalaccesst opr oper ties,jobsandcar eer.Thepuzzl ehowev er,is
wher ethe appr oachl eavesmen, especi allyifthepr ocessi sforceful.
Genderequi tyisanideawhoset imehascomeasst atisticsindicat
egi r
lsperform
betterthanboy si nschool sandladi esar emor epr efer abl
ebyempl oy ersthanmenduet ohar d
work,honest y ,
loy altyandcostef fect iv
eness.
Womenmustal sor i
set otheoccasi on,t akeresponsibilit
ywi thcauti
onandcease
tobe v icti
msofi nfer i
orit
ycompl ex.
Changemustnott ransl atet oarr oganceandr evengef ulattit
udest hatwillpaint
womenas hear tless.Lifeismeani nglesswi thoutef f ect
ivefamilyinst i
tuti
on.Let’sensureour
societydoesnotf al lapart.
(
Adapt
edf
rom Sunday
,May31,
2009)

(
a)I
nwhatwayi
sgenderasocial
i
zati
onpr
ocess?
(
b)Accor
dingt
othepassage,
whati
sgenderst
ereot
ypi
ng?
(
2mks)
(
c)Expl
aint
hecont
rastbet
weent
hehy
bri
dsy
stem andt
hecaseofr
ever
sedr
oles
(
2mks)
(
d)Whatev i
denceisgiventoshowt hatnotal
lmenar ewinnersunderpatr
iar
chy
?
(
e)Whati sthewr i
ter
’stoneinthepassage?
(
f)Re-
writ
et hefol
lowingbeginning;(Notfi
xed...
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
Genderislear
nedthroughsoci al
izati
on,i
tisnotfi
xed, i
tischangeable.
(
g)Inasummar yofabout60wor ds,descri
bethewriter’
satti
tudetowardswomen

Roughcopy
Faircopy
(
h)Expl
ainthemeani ngofthefoll
owingwor dsandphr
asesasusedi
nthe
passage. (i
)Infl
ammat ory.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
(
ii
)Sobri
ety.
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(i
ii
)Feminism approach..
..
..
..
..
..
.

3. Readt hefoll
owingpassageandanswert hequest i
onst hatf ollow:-
Ther i
ver,theforestandt he sky al ldrewDensu t ot he t op oft hehi l
lwi tha
powerhe had noneedt of i
ghtagai nst .HeaskedNy anebai ftherewasnomor ewor k he
coulddoont he f arm upt her e.Butatt hatt i
met herewasnot hingr eall
y,andNy aneba
almostscoldedhim whenhe askedoncemor ewhatwast heretodo.
“Densu,”shesaidatt heendofherpat ience, “theanimal thatdoesnotr estget sso
angryandunhappyt hatitspr eadsdest r
uct ionwher ev eritgoes.Ahumanbei ngwor ksf ull
y
whent here isworkt odo.Ahumanbei ngr estsfull
ywhent heseasonf orr estcomes. ”
Densudi dnoti mpor tuneNy anebaaboutwor kanymor e. Al mostev erydayhe
cli
mbedup t hehil
landsatont hewar mr ockl ookingatt heriverandt hef orestcanopy .From
wherehesat , theriv
ernowl ookedt hinandcompl etelysti
ll
.Seeingi tatadi stance, hehad
tothi
nkbef or
eit becamei nhi smi ndamov i
ngt hing, notadead, f
latsheetshi ningpassi vely
i
nt hesun.
Soheknew t her iver’smot ioni nhi smi nd,thoughhi sey esper ceivedst ill
ness.
Oncet he mot i
onwascl eari nhi smi nd,i tdidnotst op.Itf l
owedi nat houghtst ream t hat
couldtakehimf r
om thepr esental lt hewaybackt omoment ssof arint hepasthi s
remembr ancesurpr
isedhim.
Some oft he memor i
eshe woul d nev erunder stand.He had known a gr eat
happinessata ti
me aboutwhi ch he r emember ed not hing butt he f eeli
ng i t
self.Thi s
remembr ancetookhisfeeli
ng backt oat imewhenhewashel plessbutf earednot hing
becauset her ewasapr esencear oundhi m thatmadef earast ranger .Hehadt ol dpeopl e
aboutt hisfeel ingandal way sleftt hem puzzl ed
Theysai dhecoul dhav ehadsuchat ime,becausehi sf atherdi edbef orehewasbor n,
andhi s mot heral sodi edinchi ldbi r
th.Yett hef eel ingwaspar tofhi smemor y
, andi twas
sost rongheknewi twast r ue,inspi teofwhatot herssawandsai d.Andof tenashegr ewup,
hefoundhi msel f sear ching, somet i
mesi nangui sh, somet i
meswi thsheerdesi reforar eturn
ofthatt imeandoft he f eeli
ng.
Yetl i
featt i
mesbecameanar gumentsay ingt hatpr esence,t hatwhol enesshe
remember edsomy ster i
ousl yandsoughtsonat ur all
y ,woul dnev erbepossi blei nt hewor l
d
outsidet hewi shingmi nd.Hehad knownpeopl eatEsuano, andbegunt oseesl ifecl ear ly,but
mostoft hepeopl e andmostoft hel if
ehesaw l edhi s mi ndf arast rayf rom t he peacehe
sought .
Thi st ooher emember ed:inhi st wel fthy earsomet hingst rangehadhappened.A
white manhadar rivedatEsuano.Hewasnotanof ficialfr om t hecast leatcapecoast ,so
peopl ewer e ast onishedt oseehi mt hereatal l.Theywer emor east onishedwhenhet ol
dt hem
hewasat rader ont hecoast ,buthadgr ownt i
redoft rading.Hesai dhewant edt or est.
Peopl eshunnedhi m.Theywer eaf raidofhi m andt heyhadr easonenough.He
l
ivedasi f heandwat erhadquar r
eledbi tter l
y .Hedi dnotl ikef ood.hi ssust enancewasdr i
nk
andwhenhewasr eal lyhungr yhewoul dl ookf orf r
ui t
, li
keachi ldatpl ay ,andt hatwoul dbe
hismeal .
Densuwentt ohi m andsatwat chi nghi m.Hest illwentt ohi ml ongaf t
ert heot her
chil
dr en hadf l
edi nf ear .Onedayt hest rangerwhi temanst oppedsi ngi nghi sdr unken
songs, point edt ohi s hear tandshout edsomet hing.
“Col l
ins! ”Her epeat edt hename,st abbi nghi sbr eastr epeat edlywi thanext ended
fi
nger .
Whenhest opped,Densupoi ntedt ohi msel fandsai d“ Densu. ”Thewhi teman
roared happi l
y .Heseemedi mmensel ypl easedwi thhimsel ft hatDensuhadunder st ood
him, asifhehad act ual l
yt aughthi mt ospeak.Hebeganagameofnames,t eachi ngDensu
Englishwor dsand l ear ningAkanwor dsf rom hi m.
Inl esst hanamont ht hegameofwor dschanged.I tbecameev en.Densuwentt o
Coll
ins whenev erhehadt ime.Thei deaofl earningt hest rangel anguageoft hewhi t
e
excitedhi m, andhewor kedhar dt omakef reet i
mef orhi snew passi on.Col l
inst aughthi m
will
i
ngl y.Heseemedt o l ivefort hehour swhent heeagerboycamet ot alkt ohi m.
ButCol li
nsst oppedaski ngDensut heAkannamesoft hings.Wi thaneager ness
answer ing t heboy ,het aughthi m asf astashecoul dabsor bnewknowl edge,andhi s
yell
ow- redf ace expl odedwi thjoywhenDensubeganatl astt ospeakt ohi mi nhi sown
l
anguage.Thesol i
tar ywhi temant hengav eupal lpret enceofwi shingt olear nAkan.He
washappyenought ohav ea per sont ot alkt oandt eachi ngDensut or eadandwr it
e
gavehi m somet hingt odowhenhewasnotdr i
nki ng.
Densuaskedhi m whyhehadl ef tcapecoastt ocomet oEsuano.Thewhi teman’ s
answer wasqui tei ncompr ehensi blet ohi m.Al lheunder stoodwast hatt hement ionof
capecoastmade t hewhi temanv iolentl
yangr y.Once, later, Densuaskedhi m whyhedi dnot
gohome.The dr unkenmanweptt ear satt hequest i
ons.Fr om t henonDensudi dnotask
him anysuchquest ions agai n.
Inhi sf i
rstmont hsatEsuanot hewhi temanCol linssol daf ewt hingst ot hef ew
whohad anymoney .Butaf terhi st hir
dmont hatEsuanohesol dnot hi
ng.Knowi ngadul t
s
predictedhewoul ddi ei namat t
erofweeks.Theywer edi sappoi ntedandembar rassedwheni n
spit
eoft he wayhedr ankandst arvedhi msel f,her emai nednoi sil
yal ive.

a)Whydi dDensuspendmostofhi stimeseat edontherockupt hehi

ll
?
b)Whatef f
ectdi dtheriverhaveonDensu?
c)Whowast hest rangerandhowol dwasDensuwhenhear ri
ved?
d)Whatdoes“ Hel i
vedasi fheandwat erhadquarr
eledbit
terl
y,”mean?
e)Peopledisl
iket hestranger(Rewr
itebeginningwi
th,“
Thest r
anger………
f)Fr
om whatt ribedoesDensucomef r
om?
g)Writ
enot esonwhyCol l
inswaseagert oteachDensuhislanguageandwhyhe
st
opped
l
earni
ngDensu’ slanguage
h)I
dentif
yandexpl ai
nonechar actert
rai
tsofDensu
)Gi
i vethemeaningoft hef oll
owingwor dsandphrasesasusedi
nthepassage:
-
i)Impor t
une-
ii
)Canopy-
ii
i)Stabbinghi sbreast……
iv)Shunned………………………
v)Incompr ehensible……………………

4. Readt hef ollowi ngpassaget henansweral lthequest ionst hatf ollow:

Itissai dt hatbehi ndev erysuccessf ulmant here’sawoman,sohowcanwehel p
oursons succeed?Bybr i
ngingt hem upi nsuchawayt hatt heyunder standt heirr oleas
l
eader s,prov i
der s andpr otectors.
Andhow canwedot hissuccessf ully?Bynot ingt heirmascul inequal iti
esand
praising them f ort hese. Takenot ewhent heyexceli nmascul i
ner olesandencour age
them.Admi rationi st hef oodofaman’ ssoul .Nev erbel i
ttley ourson’ smascul inity;ithur t
sv ery
deepl yandmi ght r esul tindeepr esent ment .
Ar ey ouf acedwi thar ebel liousson?Mi ndy ourl anguagewheny out alkt ot hem;
you mi ghtbescol dinghi mf ordoi ngornotdoi ngsomet hingwhi l
ei nadver tent l
ybel it
tlinghi s
mascul i
nity.Tr yt heopposi tef orchange;pr aisehi m andseehow t hist ransf ormshi m.The
untidyr oom wi llbeat hingoft hepast ,aswi l
lmanyot herpai nsy ouhav ebeenwi shi ngaway .
Relat ethe dut iesy ouassi gnhi mt ohi smascul inequal it
iesandhewi llbev erygl adt ohel p.
Whenhei s f aci ngf ailur eoracr isis, reassur ehi mt haty oubel i
ev einhi m andhi sabi l
ityt opul l
through, no mat terhow di ffi
cul tt he si t
uation mi ghtappear .Do notmockhi s abi lityt o
over comeadi fficulty. Usest at ement ssuchas“ thismi ghtbet hedoort ooppor tuni ty,a
steppi ngst onet ogr eat er success. ”whowoul dn’texcelwhensomeonewhomat t
er st ot hem
l
ikeamum bel iev esi nt hem? Awor dofcaut ion,t hough: wemustbecar eful nott opushour
sonst obecomewhatt heyar enot i
nterest edi nbei ng.
Al l
ow t hem t hef reedom t omakechoi cesandl ett hem l ear nf rom mi stakes.
Ther e’sa gr eat ert empt ati
ont obebossyt owar dsoursons,butweneedt or efrainf rom
givingdet ailed inst ructionsont hewhat ,when,howandwher eev er
yact iont heyt ake.Let
him knowwheny ou disagr eewi t
hhi sdeci sion, butt ellhim hecanst illcountony ou
Fort hewomenwhohav etakenov erleader shipi nt hehome,y ouneedt ol etgo
andbui l
d yourhusbandbyencour aginghi mt ot akeupt hatr ole.Thi swi llal l
owy out i
met o
beamot hery ouneedt obe,onewhocannur t
ur ehersonsandbeahomemaker .Oursons
needt olearnf rom t hei rfatherswhati tmeanst obear esponsi bleman.
Andt ot hosewomenwhoar esacr ifi
cingt hei rchi ldren’swel l-beingf orcar eer sI
suggest , l ear nf rom mi ssTay lorCal dwel l
, anAngl o-Amer i
canwr i
terwi thsev eralawar dst o
hercr edito oncer emar ked:“ I
’dr at hercookamealf oramanandbr i
nghi ssl ipper sandf eel
my selfint hepr otect i
onofhi sar mst hanhav eal lt heci tationsandawar dsIhav er ecei ved
wor ldwide”
(
Adapt
edf
rom Dai
l
yNat
ion)

a)Whati
stheroleofmother
sinthesuccessofthei
rsons?
b)i
)Howcanparent
shel
pthei
rsonsov
ercomethechal
l
engest
heymeetwhi
l
egr
owi
ng
up?
i
i
)Whatpr
ecaut
ionsshoul
dsonst
akei
ntoaccountsoast
oachi
evet
hei
r
ambi
ti
ons?
c)Givethr
eedisadv
ant agesofwoment akingleader
shipathome.
d)GiveareasonwhyMi ssTayl
orismentionedinthelastpar
agraph.
e)I
nnotmoret han65wor ds,summar i
zetheway sparent
scandeal wi
th
r
ebel
l
ioussons:-
ROUGHCOPY
FI
NALCOPY
f)Expl
ainthemeaningoft hef
oll
owingphr aseandwor dsasusedinthepassage
 i
)“Admir
ationi
sthefoodofaman’
ssoul
”………
i
i
)Masculine……………………………
i
i
i)Bossy………………

5. Readt hef ol l
owi ngpassaget henanswerquest ionst hatf ollow.
Soiler osioni sacont inualpr ocessi nnat ure.Ov ert hecent ur iesweat herandr ocks
i
nt eract tor epl acewor koutsoi l.Muchasmanr enewshi sout erl ayerofski n.Butt he
accel er atedsoi l er osioncr eat edbymanof t
endest roy sf astert hannat urecanr enew.I t
usual lyr esul tsfrom r api d andt hought l
essexpl oi tation,anat temptt oobt aint hemaxi mum
productasqui cklyaspossi ble. Thi sat ti
tudehasl edt oexcessi vecul tivation,def orest ation,
ov ergr azing, fail
ur et oconsi dert he natureoft hesoi landi tsenv ironmentandr eluct ance
todev ot elabourandf inancet omai nt aining i tsqual iti
es.Ther esul t
sar eseeni nt hebar ren
l
andsofNor thAf rica, theMi ddl eEast , andsout h chi na.Andsoi ler osionhasbeena
factori nthedownf allofpastci vili
zat ions.Per hapst hemostf requent l
yquot edexampl eofsoi l
erosi oni st hatoft heAmer i
candustbowl .Itsnat uralequi libri
um wasupsetbyov ercul t
ivat i
on
andt hel andwasr educedt oneardeser tcondi t i
ons. Wi nd er osi on accel erated t he pr ocess
assi stedbyasuccessi onoft hedr yy ear s.Ther ear emany ar easoft heUSAwhi chhav ef elt
thei mpactofwi nder osi on.Ot her shav ebeensubj ectt owat er erosi on on l and whi ch,
throughmi susehasl osti tsf ertili
ty .
Anumberofmeasur eswhi chhel pt oconser vesoi lhav ebeeni nusef orcent ur i
es
i
nmany par tsoft hewor ld.Thei rpr imar yai mi st omaket hebestuseofr ain.Theyi ncl ude
terraci ng, cont ourf armi ngandst rippl oughi ngwhi chcont rolt hequant ityandpaceofwat er
run-of f.Ov ert hey ear s, manyoft hebestsoi l
shav ebeendev elopedundergr ass.Thesoi litself
musthav ea goodbi ologicalcont entofmi nut eor gani smst oci rculatet henut ri
ent sandt o
mai nt ainaheal t
h st ructure.Wi thsomecr ops,soi lconser v ati
oni sf acili
tat edbyal l
owi ng
weedst ogr oworby cul ti
v atingl egumi nouscr ops.Thesehel pt opr otectt hesoi lf r
om
wi ndandwat erer osi onandcan bepl oughedbackasmanur e.
Tor est orev eget ationalcov ert obar renl andsi sasl owpr ocess,butt hesci ent i
fic
and t echni calpr oblemsar ef arout wei ghedbyt hosear isingf r
om man’ suseofdomest ic
ani mal s, not abl ygoat sandsheep.Theseani mal shav ecausedsoi ler osioni nmanyar eas
andi tisur gent ly necessar yt ohav emor econt rolov ert hem.Goat sandsheephav egr azed
l
ar gear easof Medi terraneancount r
iesi ntosubsi stencef armi ngordeser t s;t heypr event
treegr owt handhav e reduced t he av erage t r ee l ine by 1000 f eeti nf ourcent uries.
Unf or t
unat elytheyandcat tlear est il
l bei ngi ntroducedi ntoar easbei ngcl earedoff orest si n
Af ri
ca.Forexampl e, t
hecat t
leofMaasai in Tanzani agi v eriset omucher osi oni nt heirnow
restrict edt errit
or ies.I nmanyi nst ances, af ar gr eat ery ieldofpr oteincoul dbeobt ainedby
‘
far mi ng’ thewi l
dani mal si nt heset err i
tor i
es.These ani mal sandpl antsonwhi cht hei rlifei s
basedhav eachi ev edahar monyorbal ancei nt heir r elat i
onshi p whi ch,hi stor y ,shows i s
rarelyachi ev edbet weent hegoat ,asf ar medbyhumans, and it
st er rain.
Adapt
edf
rom ManandEnv
ironmentbyRober
tAr
vil

1.Explainhowsoilerosionreplacewor koutsoil
2.Soilerosi
onissaidt obeanat urall
yoccurri
ngprocessinnatur
e.Whatr ol
e
doesman
playinmakingsoilerosionahar mfulprocess?
3.Perhapsthemostf requentl
yquot edexampl esofsoiler
osioni
st hatofthe
Amer i
can
dustbowl . Begi
n:TheAmer i
candustbowl …………………)
4.Howdoest hewr i
tershowt hatsoilerosi
oni saglobalprobl
em?
5.Whichisthegreatestconsequenceofsoi lerosi
onr ecor
dedinhistoryaccordi
ng
t
othi
s
passage?
6.“I
tusuall
yresul
tsf
rom r
api
dandt
hought
lessexpl
oit
ati
on,
anat
temptt
oobt
ain
t
he
maxi
mum pr
oductasqui
ckl
yaspossi
ble.St
atet
hewor
dcl
assoft
he
 under
li
nedwor ds
asusedint hepassage
Example: Expl
oitat
ion:noun
Usual ly
:…………………………………………………………….
Thought l
ess:…………………………………………………. .
7.Whydoy out hinkthewor d:Far
‘ ming’
:i
nthel
astpar
agraphhasbeenputi
n
quot
ati
on mar ks?

8.Whatmeasur eshavebeenusedi
nmanypart
softheworl
dtoconserv
esoi
l
?
(Answerinnotefor
m)
9.Expl
ainthemeaningofthef
oll
owi
ngwordsasusedi
nthepassage.
i
)Renew…………………………………
i
i)Barr
en……………………………………………
i
ii
)Pace……………………………………

6. Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequest i

onst hatf ollow: -
Asi tuat i
onwher ebyal ar genumberofment allyandphy sical lycapabl epeopl eof
wor king agear ewi ll
ingt owor kbutcannotf indwor ki susual lyknownasunempl oy ment .In
Africa, t
he unempl oy mentr atei s est imat ed t o be 27- 29%.Thi s waybey ond t he usual
accept abl erat eof4%. Thi si sagr i
ev oussi tuat ionwhi chhascont ributedt ot hesoar i
ng
l
ev el sofpov ertywi tnessedal l ar oundus.
Butwhatar et hecausesofunempl oyment ?Canany thi ngbedonet oeaset he
situat ion? Fi rst.Pol iti
calupheav alshav epl ay edakeyr olei npr omot ingt heskyr ocket i
ng
l
ev el sof unempl oy ment .Civ i
lwar sandet hniccl asheshav el edt obl oodshedandmassi ve
l
ossofl i
fe.Asi s expect ed, foreigni nv est orshav ef ledf ort heirsaf et y.Theyhav eshutdown
thei rcompani esand relocat edt heirbusi nessest opl acest hatar emor econduci v etot he
thriv i
ngoft hei rent erprises. Ther esul tsar eusual lyjobl essandconsequent lypov erty.
Or dinar yci ti
zensr arel yf ermentpol iti
cal troubl e.Thei r“ leader s”doi tinanef fortt o
upst ageoneanot herandmakepol iticalandeconomi cgai ns.Thr ought heirv ot e, cit
izens
hav et he meansofensur i
ngt hatsuchpeopl edonotaccedet opower .
Cont raryt oexpect ation, inter nat ionalt r
adehasnothel pedt hesi tuat i
onf oral ong
ti
me.Thedev el opedcount ries,inst ead,hav et akenadv ant ageoft hist radet oexpl oitAf ricans
maki ng them ev enpoor er.Li ber ationoft radehasmeantt hatgoodsf rom al lmannerof
placesar eal lowed i ntot hecount ry.Mostoft hesear echeapert hanl ocal l
ypr oducedones
becauset hecost sof product ion ar el ower ed by ef ficiency f act or s and gov ernment
subsi di es.Asar esul tlocal i
nfanti ndust riesar eunabl et ocompet eandendupcol l
apsi ng.Once
agai nmanyar elef tunempl oy ed.
Inaddr essingt hispr obl em,t hebuckst opswi thAf ricangov ernment s.I ti supon
them t o creat e an enabl i
ng env i
ronmentf orl ocali ndust ries by way ofi mpr ov i
ng
i
nf rast ructureand secur it
yandal sogi vingt axwai ver s.Soundpol i
ciest hatenhanceef fi
ciency
i
nt hesect orshoul d bei nstitut ed.
In addi t
ion,t he unempl oy ment pr obl em i s wor sened by a shor tage of
ent repr eneur s.Many peopl el ackt henecessar yski l
ls,spi ri
tofbol dnessandr iskt aking
attitudesr equi redi nst arti
ng busi nessv ent ur es.Thought heyhav et hecapi t
al,t heydonot
i
nv esti tl
ocal ly.Thust heydeny manypeopl eachancef orempl oy ment .Somepr ef ert ost ash
thei rmoneyi nf or eignaccount s.
Asenseofpat riotism i scal l
edf orher e.Not hinggi vesgr eaterj oyandsat i
sfact i
on
than knowi ngt hatonehascont ribut edt ot hebet t
er mentoft hel ivesofot her s,ast heysay
eastorwest ,homei st hebest ,andsoi nv est ingl ocal lywi llhav emul tiplebenef its.Af r i
can
gov er nment sand NGO’ s must al so do mor e i n equi ppi ng t hose i nterest ed wi th
ent repr eneur ialski lls.
Mor eov ert heAf ri
cansy stem ofeducat ionhasf ail
edt ochanget hewhi tecol lar
j
ob ment ality.Manyar ethosewhobel iev et hatt hesear emor epr est igiousandbet terpay i
ng
thanbl ue col l
arj obs.Thi s has meantt hatoppor tuni t
ies i nt he i nf ormalsect ors go
unexpl oitedwhi let her ei s excessunabsor bedl abouri nt hewhi tecol larsect or.
Tosol vet hispr oblem,Peopl eneedt obesoci alizeddi ffer ent ly.The8. 4. 4sy stem
of educat ioninKeny ai sast epint hi
sdirect
ion.Oneofi tsobject
ivesistoequi pit
s
reci
pient
swit
h progressiveatt
it
udeandskil
lsnecessar
yforsel
f-
reli
ance.
Aswehav eseen,unemploy
mentisabi gprobl
em inAfr
ica;i
tisdir
ectl
yconnect
ed
tothehighpover
tyl
ev el
scrippli
ngmanypeople.Howev er
,wit
hconcertedeffor
ts,t
hesit
uati
on
canbe all
evi
ated.

a) Whatisthesubj
ectmat t
erofthi
spassage?
b) Accor
dingtothefi
rstparagr
aph,whoaretheunempl
oyed?

c) Howwouldcit
izensensur
ethei
rpeace?
d) Rewr
it
ethefol
lowingsent
encesbyputt
ingt
hef
ir
stt
hreewor
dsi
n
par
ent
hesi
s:-
.
“Throughthei
rv otes,
citi
zenshavethemeansofensur i
ngthatsuchpeopl
e
donot
accedet opower ”
e) Accor dingtothepassage, whyistheexpr
essi t
on“heirl
eaders”encl
osedi
n
quotati
onmar ks?
f) Explai
nwhati smeantby“ t
hebuckstopswithAfr
icangovernment.”
g) Makenot esont heeffectsofi
nter
nati
onaltr
ade
i
)Ease…………
ii)Accede…………
i
ii)Patr
ioti
sm………

7. Readt hef ollowi ngpassageandanswert hequest ionst hatfollow.

Allt hei nt erest edpar ti
esi nt heeducat i
onsect orar ei mpressedbyt heKeny a
Nat i
onal Exami nat ionCounci l
’
smeasur est oensur et hisy ear’snat i
onalexami nati
onsar e
freeofcheat ing.
Itisf ort hisr easont hatt he276, 224Keny aCer tif
icateofSecondar yEducat ion
Exami nation(K.C. S. E)candi dat eshav e4, 834exami nat ioncent resmannedby4, 886super v i
sors
whoar eassi st edby13, 796i nv igil
ator s.Al lt hesear equal i
f i
edt eacher swhohav ebeen
recr ui
ted mai nlyf ort hei rint egr i
ty .
Thecent resar emannedby4, 886ar medpol i
ceof fi
cerswhoar er eadyf oract i
on
shoul d ther ebet roubl e.Andasi ft hi si snotenough,t herear e686seni orof fi
cers
manni ngar easat st at ionswher eexami nat ionpaper sar ekept .
Bef or et heygeti nt ot he exami nation r ooms,t he candi dat es and t hor oughl y
sear ched.Bags cont ainingquest ionpaper sar eopenedbyt hesuper vi
sori nt hepr esenceof
all candidatesand t hor oughl ysear ched.
Anyr emai ni ngquest ionpaper sar eseal edandkepti nf ul
lviewoft hecandi dates
dur ing thepar ticul arpaper ’sent iredur at ion.
Att het imeofsi ttingf ort hepaper ,candi dat esar eunderhawk- ey edi nv i
gilators.
Andat theendoft hepaperanswerbookl etsar eseal edasal lcandidat es, i
nv igilat
or sand
theheadt eacher wi tness.Al l thesemeasur esar ecommendabl e.
TheKNEC deser vesapatont hebackal soduet ot hef astr eact ionKeny ans
recei vedfrom itwhenev ert hemedi ar epor tleakages,whi ch,inanycase,t urnoutt obe
hoaxes.I nfact ,
al l doubt ingThomasesar ebegi nni ngt ohav efait
hi nt heKNEC.
Howev er ,al lt hesemoney -guzzl ingmeasur eswoul dbeunnecessar yi fKeny an
student s hadbeenbr oughtupi namor allyupr i
ghtenv i
ronment .
Exami nat ioncheat ingshowshowmor all
ydepr i
vedoursoci et yhasbecome.I tisa
sign t hatpar ent sandt eacher shav ef ail
edi nt heirdut yofmoul di
ngt heyoungst er s.
Keny ansmustst opandt hinkwhyt hecur rentgener ationbel i
ev esi nshor tcutt o
i
tsdesi re anddoesnotwi sht osweatf ori t .AsKeny ans, weshoul dfi
ndouti foureducat i
on
sy stem is cat er i
ngf ort hest udent s’mor alandet hicalneeds.Whenev ert hingsgowr ongi n
educat i
on, i nter est edpar tiesar equi ckt opoi ntaccusi ngf ingers.
Teacher sbl amepar ent sandt hesoci et yandpar entsbl amet eacher s.Thi s
danger ousbuck- passi nggameshoul dbest oppedt osav ethey out hwhoar ef oundat ionof
thecount ry’
sf utur e.
 Ther esponsibil
ityofinsti
ll
i
ngmor alandethicsr estssquarelyoneducat i
on
i
nst it
utions.School pl
ayacr ucialr
oleasfarasthetransmi ssionofv al
uei sconcernedasonce
childrenstart goingt oschool ;t
heyspendmor etimewi t hteacherst hanwi t
hanyot her
person.
Thisiswhywhatt eacherssayisgospeltothem, andnotev enpar entscanmake
them t hink
otherwise.
At eachercanmakeagr eatcontri
buti
ontot hefost er
ingofsoundandr eli
gious
valuesi n childr
enbyt akingi nt
erestint
heirbehavi
our.
(
Adapt
edf r
om t
heSat
urdayNati
on,
November3,2007)

a) Makenot
esont
hepr
ecaut
ionsputinpl
acet
oensur
ethatt
henat
ional
exami
nati
onsar
e f
reeofcheati
ng.

b) Gi
vetworeasonsthewri
teratt
ri
but
estot
heexaminat
ioncheating.
c) Whydoesthewrit
erthi
nkthati
nsti
l
li
ngmoral
sandethicssol
elyrest
son
educat
ion
inst
it
uti
ons?
d) TheKNECdeser
vesapatf
ort
aki
ng(
str
ong)measur
est
ocur
bexami
nat
ion
anomali
es.
Uset hewordinbracketsappropr
iat
ely
.
e) Explaint
hecontextualmeaningsofthefol
l
owi
ngwor
ds.
(i)Manned…cont rol
l
ed
(ii
)Hoaxes……
(i
ii
)Guzzli
ng…
(i
v)Buck-passi
ng-

8. Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequest ionst hatf ollow: -

Youcoul dwi nacar ,amot orcy cle,oragener ouscashr ewar d.Buty ouhav et o
scor e
an‘A’i
nt heKeny aCer tifi
cat eofSecondar yEducat i
onf i
r st.
Ast hecutt hroatcompet iti
onf ort hebestper for manceamongschool si ntensi fi
es,
i
ngeniousschooladmi nistratorsar ecomi ngupwi thal lkindsofr ewar dst omot ivate
theirstudents tot urni ntot opper former sint henat ional exami nations.
Thet opr ewar d,acar ,waspr omi sedt ot het opst udentatNai robischool ,whi l
e
Alli
ance and Mang’ u hi gh school s pr omi sed t or ewar d each ‘ A’gr ade studentwi th
shs.10,000.
ButKi anjur iHighschool hasadi fferentr ewar dal toget her .
Att hebegi nni ngof2006,14- year -oldFr anci sI totewal kedt hr ought hewr ought
i
rongat e ofKanj ur iHighschool .Foury ear sl ater,her odeoutoft heschoolonabr andnew
mot orcycle.
It
ote’
snew r i
dewasagi ftf r
om t heschool ’
sboar dofgov ernor sbecausehehadgi ven
theschool i tsf i
rst‘A’ int hel astf i
v eyear s.
Theboar dhadchal l
engedl asty ear ’scandi dat eswi thanent icingof fer;any one
whogotan ‘ A’ i
nKCSEwoul dr ecei veamot or cy cle,withaoney earcompr ehensi vei nsur ance
coverand shs. 5,000cashpr i
ze.Themot orcy cl eisv aluedatshs. 70, 000.
Inar egionwher emot orcy cl
et axi sar ev aluedbyent erprisingy outh,t hepr ize
eli
cited i
mmedi ateandi ntensecompet iti
onamongst udent s.
Ast hemot or cy clewasof fi
ciallyhandedov ert o19- y ear-oldI toteatacol ourf ul
ceremony ont heschool ’sf oot ballf i
eld;st udent scoul dnotwai tt odashbackt ocl asst o
studyinabi dt o claimt hemot or cyclenexty ear .
“I
fIgetone,Iwi l
lgost raighti nt ot hebodabodabusi ness, ’sai dMaxMut uri
,a
formf our st udent .
AlloverKeny a, school boar dsaswel lasol dboy sandgi rl
sassoci ationsar ewi ll
ing
to spendmi ll
ionsoni ncent i
v esf orst udent s.
Buteducat ion of ficials,i ncludi ng schoolpr i
nci pals,war nt hatt hese mat erial
rewar dsmaynotbet hebestwayt oprepar et opst udent stofacet hechallengesofev ery
daylif
e
afterschool.
“Motivati
ngst udentsbygi vingt hem moneymaynotbesust ainabl
einthelong
run,’says Pat r
ickNy agosia,aprovi
nci al directorofeducat i
on.
Theof fi
cialwar nsthatoncet opst udent sst epintoawor ldwher emoneyisscarce;
theirl evelofmotivati
onmi ghtcomecr ashi ngdown.
Dr.StephenWahome,acl i
ni calpsy chologistwithpsy chologicalHealthservi
ces,
Nai r
obi, concurs.Ifnotwel lhandled,someoft hei ncentiv
esgi venbyschool scaneasil
y
endupdoi ngmorehar mt hangood.
“Unl
ess t he r eward had some r elevance t ot he young l earners’mentaland
emot ional st at
us, i
tcaneasi l
ydisor
ient atet hem, ’warnst hepsy chologist.
(Adapt
edf
rom ‘
Sat
urdayNat
ion’
Mar
ch
27,
2010)

(
a)Whydoschool admini
str
ator
scomeupwi thall
kindsofr ewar
ds?
(
b)I
nnoteform,l
istthety
pesofrewardsoff
eredbythev ar
iousschool
s
(
c)Whati
st hemainrequi
rementtodeser
vetheabover ewards?
(
d)Accor
dingtothepassage,whatenabl
edFranci
sI t
otetor i
deoutofschoolonaband
new
mot orcy
cle?
(e)I fIgetone, Iwil
lgost raightintothebodabodabusi ness.
Rewr i
teusing‘unless’.
....
...
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
...
.
(f)Whati sironic aboutt he mode ofr ewar ds given tot op per f
ormers byschool
admi
nistrators?
(g)Schoolboar dsaswel lasol dboy sandgi rlsassociat i
onsar ewi l
lingtospendmill
ions
on
i
ncent i
vesforstudent s.Rewr i
teusing. .
.notonl y
..
..
(h)Br i
ef l
ydescribetheaut hor ’
sat t
it
udet owar dsmat erialrewardst ost udent
s
(i
)Expl ainthemeani ngoft hef ol
lowingex pressionsasusedi nt hepassage:
enterpr
isingyouth..
....
..young, i
ndust r
iouspeopl e(1)
chall
engesofev er
ydayl i
fe..
..
..
..
..upsanddownsf acedinl i
fe(1).
disori
entate.
..
...
..
..
..
....
..
..makeunst abl
e.(1)..

9. Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequest ionst hatf oll

ow: -
Unquest i
onabl yal i
ter arylifei sf ort hemostpar tanunhappyl i
fe;becausei fy ou
have geni us,youmustsuf ferthepenal tyofgeni us;and,i fy ouhav eonl yt alent,ther ear eso
manycar es andwor ri
esi ncidentalt ot heci rcumst ancesofmenofl ettersast omakel i
fe
exceedi ngl y mi serable.Besi desthepangsofcomposi ti
on, andt hecont inuousdi sappoi ntment
whichat rue ar tistfeelsathi sinabi li
t ytor evealhi msel f
,ther ei st heev er -
recur ri
ngdi fficultyof
gainingt he publ i
cear .Yourwr it
er sar ebuoy edupbyt hehopeandt hebel i
eft hatt heyhav e
onlyt othr owt hat poem att hewor l
d’sf eett ogetbacki nr eturnt hel aurel_ crown:t hatt hey
haveonl yt opusht hat nov eli nt o pr i
ntt o beacknowl edged atonceasa new l i
ghti n
l
iterature.Youcannev erconv i
ncea youngaut hort hatt heedi t
orsofmagazi nesandt he
publisher sofbooksar eapr act i
cal bodyof men,whoar ebynomeansf ranti
cal l
yanxi ous
aboutpl aci ngthebestl iteraturebef oret hepubl ic. Nay ,thatf orthemostpar tt heyar emer e
broker s,whoconductt heirbusi nessont hehar destl ines ofapr ofitandl ossaccount .But
supposi ngy ourbookf airlylaunches, itsper il
sar eonl y begi nning.You hav et or un t he
gaunt l
etoft hecr it
ics.Toay oungaut hor,agai n, thisseemst obe as t erribl
e an or dealas
passingdownt hef il
esofSi ouxorComancheI ndi anseachoneofwhom i s thirst
ing f or
yourscal p.Wheny ouar eal itt
leolder , y
ouwi llfindt hatcr i
ticism i snotmuchmor e ser ous
thant heby e-pl
ayofcl ownsi naci rcus.Whent heybeatar oundt her i
ngt hev ictim wi th
bladder ssl ungatt heendofl ongpol es.At i
mecomesi nt hel i
feofev eryaut horwhenhe
regards criti
csascomi calrat hert hanf ormi dabl e,andgoeshi swayunheedi ng.Butt here
aresensi tivesoul sthaty i
eldundert hechast isementand, per haps, aret hesaddestexampl eof
af i
ndspi r i
t houndedt odeat hbysav agecr i
t i
ci sm;becausewhat ev erhi sbi ogr apher smay
aver,thatf urious at tackofGi f
for dandTer ryundoubt edl yexpedi tedhi sdeat h.Butnodoubt
therearehundreds whosuf f
erkeenlyhosti
l
eandunscrupul ouscriti
cism,andwhohavetobear
thatsuffer
ingin si
l
ence,becauseitisacardi
nalpr
incipleinli
teraturethatt
hemostunwise
thi
ngi ntheworldfor anauthoristot
akepubli
cnoticeofcr i
ti
cism inthewayofdefendi
ng
himself.Si
lenceistheonl
y safeguar
d,asiti
stheonl ydigni
fiedprotestagai
nsti
nsul
tand
offence.
P.
A.Sheehan

(
a)Whyi st hel i
teraryl i
femost l
yanunhappyone?
(b)Whatar et heambi tionsofay oungaut hor ?
(c)Ar
eedi torsandpubl isherssy mpat heti
ctoy oungauthors?
(
d)Whatisi
ronical aboutt hewayedi t
orsandpubl i
sher soperate?
(e)Whatar esomeoft heor dealsawai tingthey oungaut horsf
rom thecri
ti
cs?
(f)WhyisKeat sment ioned?
(g)How, accor dingt ot heaut hor,shouldawr i
terrespondt ocri
ti
cism?
(i
)Explainthemeani ngoft hef oll
owi ngex pressionsasusedi nthepassage
menofl etters..-
anewl ightinl i
terature..
chastisement .
-
(h)Whydoest hewr iteroft hisextractcalleditorsandpubl i
shers“merebroker
s”?

10. Readt
hef
oll
owi
ngpassageandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-

Ethnocent r
ism i sawayofput t
ingour selvesatt hecent reofev erythingand
j
udgi ngal l ot hersbyourst andar ds.I ti sauni v ersalweaknessandonet hati satt her ootof
mostt ribal and raci almi sunder standi ngs.Whi leweconsi derour selv essuper iorandexal t
ourcust oms, wel ook downwi thscor nont hosewhobehav edi f
ferent lyf rom our selves.
Theyar el azy,uni ntell
igent , i
mmor al, un- ent erpr i
sing, and mat er i
alist i
c. The mor e
differentt hesepeopl ear ef rom us, the st r
ongerourcondemnat ion.
Butt hisout lookr aisesakeyquest ion–whatar et hecr iteriaf ormaki ngt hese
j
udgment s? Ineachsoci ety ,
cust omsev olvet omeetspeci ficneeds.I tiswhenout sidersjudge
thesecust oms agai nstt hei rown,par ti
cular l
ywhent heyar ev erydi ffer ent,t hatt heyf ind
them absur d,il
l
ogi cal orev endownr ightsav age.
Herei nKeny aasmanypar tsofAf rica,ol dpeopl ear ehel di nv er
yhi ghest eem.
Cust om demandsr espectf ort heol d,andi nsomecases,super stitionenf orcesi tby
threateni ngt hatift he oldar et reat edbadl y,t hei rghost swi l
lt aker ev engeont hosewho
wer eunki ndt othem.Theol d peopl et herefor e enj oya gr eatdealofr espect ;theyar e
consul tedi ndeci sion-maki ngandt hey cont inuet oheadt heirhousehol dsev enwhent hei r
sonsar egr ownup.Wef indi tinconcei vabl e t hatt hepeopl ecoul dt r
eatt heirol di nanyot her
way .
Whenwel ear nt hatsomenomadi ct ribesi nAust rali
aandBr azi lusedt oki l
lthei r
old, we i
mmedi at elyl abelt hem asbar baricandunci vil
ized.Andy et ,fort hosepeopl e,i t
wasaper fectl
y pr act i
calt hingt odo.Theyhadt owal kl ongdi st ancesi nsear chofpast ur e,
oftenwi thenemi esi n pur suit.Theol dwer eabur denandi fcapt uredwoul dbet orturedt o
deat h;itwaski ndert oki llt hem
Af urtherexampl eofappar ent lyst rangebehav i
ouri st het r
eat mentofol dpeopl e
i
nsome moder nEur opeanf ami lies.Theyputt hei roldi nhomesf ort heaged,apr actice
whi chwemay findcr uelandsel fish.Wi t
hi nt hef ramewor koft hesesoci et i
es,howev er,
thisisqui teaccept abl e. ManyEur opeanhousesar esmal l,anddomest i
chel pi snotr eadi l
y
avai l
ablet ocaref ort heol d.I n an ol d peopl e’shome,t heywi llhav emor ecompanyand
attention.Noneoft hoseway si ssuper ior t ot heot hers.Theyar eal lway sofcopi ngwi th
thepr obl em oft heol dandasl ongast heydonot creat e di scor di nt he soci et y,theyar e
j
ust ifi
abl e.
Variationsaboundi nal lf or msofbehav iour.What ,f orexampl eist hest andar d
form of greeting?Forsomeofus,t heAmer i
cannodoft heheadand‘ Hi’mayappeart oo
casual and i mper sonal .To t he Amer icans,ourel abor ate handshaki ng and exchange of
courtesiesmayappear t oorit
ualisti
candawast eofpr ecioust i
me.TheBagandawomen
kneel i
ngr eeti
ng.Those sensi tive aboutequal it
y oft he sexes may f ind t
his behavi
our
objecti
onabl e.TheFr enchhugand kisswhent heymeetf r
iends–someAf ri
cansmayf ind
thi
sembar rassing.
Thei ncreasedspeedoft r
avelhasinasensecr eatedaworldcommuni t
y.Thereis
even somev al
idi
tyint al
kingaboutt heinternat
ionalman-onewhocant r
avelt
oanycor nerof
theglobe equi pped wi t
hi nt
ernationallanguage,dr essand manner s.Butshal lbecome
suffi
cientl
y i nt
ernationali
zedsot hatwear enol ongerethnocent r
icorshal
lwealway sremain
i
ntolerant?

Questions
1.a)Whati satt her ootoft ri
balandracial mi
sunder st
anding?
b)Whyshoul dwenotcondemnot herpeopl e’
scust oms?
(3mks)
c)Expl ainthei ronyi nthewaysomenomadi ctri
besi nAustral
i
aandBr azi
lusedto
treat
theirold( 3mks)
d)Whydoest heaut horcont r
asthowKeny an’str
eatt heoldandhowt heoldare
tradi
ti
onall
y treatedi nBrazilandAust ral
ia
(2mks)
e)Whati sthewr i
ter’
sattit
udet owardst heoldpeopleamongt henomadictri
besin
Austral
ia
andBr azil
f)Her einKeny a,asi nmanypar tsofAf ri
ca,oldpeopleareheldinveryhi
gh
esteem.
(Rewr itebegi nning:Ol dpeople…..) (
2mks)
g)St atet hethemeoft hispassage
(2mks)
h)Expl aint hemeani ngofeachoft hef ol
lowingwor ds:
(5mks)
i)Root
ii
)Exal t…………
i
ii)Inconcei vable
i
v )Appar ent l
y
v)Di scord

11. Readt hef ollowi ngcompr ehensionpassageandanswert hequest i

onst hatfollow
Ethnocent r
ism i sawayofput ti
ngour selvesatt hecent reofev erythingand
j
udgi ngal l ot hersbyourst andar ds.Itisauni versalweaknessandonet hatisatt her ootof
mostt ri
bal and racialmi sunderstandi ngs.Whi leweconsi derour selvessuper i
orandexal t
ourcust oms, wel ook downwi thscor nont hosewhobehav edi fferentlyfrom our selves.
Theyar el azy,unint el
ligent , immor al, un- ent er
pr i
sing, and mat eri
alisti
c. The mor e
differentt hesepeopl ear ef rom us,the st rongerourcondemnat i
on.
Butt hisout lookr aisesakeyquest ion–whatar et hecr it
eriaf ormaki ngt hese
j
udgment s? I neachsoci ety ,
customsev olvet omeetspeci fi
cneeds.I tiswhenout sidersjudge
thesecust oms againstt heirown,par ti
cularlywhent heyar ev erydi ff
erent,thatt heyf ind
them absur d,il
l
ogi cal orevendownr i
ghtsav age.
Herei nKeny aasmanypar tsofAf ri
ca,ol dpeopl ear ehel dinv er
yhi ghest eem.
Cust om demandsr espectf ort heol d,andi nsomecases,super st
iti
onenf orcesi tby
threateni ngt hatift he oldar etreatedbadl y ,theirghost swi lltaker evengeont hosewho
wer eunki ndt othem.Theol d peopl et her efore enj oya gr eatdealofr espect ;theyar e
consul tedi ndeci sion-maki ngandt hey cont i
nuet oheadt heirhousehol dsev enwhent heir
sonsar egr ownup.Wef indi tinconcei v
abl e t hatt hepeopl ecoul dtreatthei roldinanyot her
way
.
Whenwel ear nt hatsomenomadi ct r
ibesi nAust ral
iaandBr azilusedt oki l
ltheir
old, we immedi at elyl abelt hem asbar baricandunci vil
ized.Andy et,f orthosepeopl e,it
wasaper f
ectly pr acticalt hingt odo.Theyhadt owal kl ongdi stancesi nsear chofpast ure,
oftenwi thenemi esi n pur suit.Theol dwer eabur denandi fcapt uredwoul dbet orturedto
deat h;itwaski ndert oki llt hem
Af urtherexampl eofappar ent l
yst rangebehav i
ouri st het r
eat mentofol dpeopl e
i
nsome moder nEur opeanf ami li
es.Theyputt heirol di nhomesf ort heaged,apr acti
ce
whi chwemay findcr uelandsel fi
sh.Wi t
hint hef ramewor koft hesesoci eties,howev er,
thisisqui t
eaccept abl e. ManyEur opeanhousesar esmal l,anddomest ichel pi snotr eadil
y
availablet ocar ef ort heol d.I n an ol d peopl e’
shome,t heywi llhav emor ecompanyand
attent i
on.Noneoft hoseway sissuper i
or tot heot hers.Theyar eal lway sofcopi ngwi th
thepr obl em oft heol dandasl ongast heydonot creat e di scordi nt he soci ety,theyar e
j
ust ifi
able.
Var iationsaboundi nal lfor msofbehav iour.What ,forexampl eist hest andard
form of gr eeting?Forsomeofus,t heAmer icannodoft heheadand‘ Hi’mayappeart oo
casual and i mper sonal .To t he Amer icans,ourel abor ate handshaki ng and exchange of
cour tesiesmayappear t oor i
tualisticandawast eofpr ecioust ime.TheBagandawomen
kneel i
ngr eeti
ng.Those sensi tive aboutequal it
y oft he sexes may f ind this behav i
our
object i
onabl e.TheFr enchhugand kisswhent heymeetf ri
ends–someAf r
icansmayf i
nd
thisembar r
assi ng.
Thei ncr easedspeedoft ravelhasi nasensecr eatedawor l
dcommuni ty.Thereis
even somev alidit
yi nt alkingaboutt hei nternati
onalman-onewhocant rav eltoanycor nerof
thegl obe equi pped wi t
hi nternationall anguage,dr essand manner s.Butshal lbecome
suf f
icientlyIi nternat ional izedsot hatwear enol ongeret hnocent ri
corshal lweal waysr emain
i
nt olerant ?

a) Accor
dingtotheaut
hor,
whatisatther
ootoftr
ibalandr
acialmisunderst
anding?
b) Whyaccordi
ngtothepassage,
shouldwenotcondemnot herpeopl
e’scustoms?
c) Expl
ainthei
ronyi
nthewaysomenomadi ct
ri
besi nAust
rali
aandBr azi
lusedto
t
reat
theirold
d) Whatdoest hewr i
ter
sachi ev ebycont r
astingthewayKeny anstr
eatol
dpeople
wit
hthe waytheoldwer et reat edinAustrali
aandBr azi
l
e) Whati sthewrit
ersatt
itudet owardst hetreatmentofoldpeopleamongthe
nomadic
tr
ibesofAust r
ali
aandBr azil
f) I
nnotmor ethan40wor ds, summar izethear gumentinthepassage
Roughcopy
Finalcopy
g) Expl ainthemeaningoft hef oll
owingwor dsandphr asesasusedinthepassage
i
)Root-
i
i)Exalt–
i
v)Put ti
ngoursel
vesatt hecent reofeverythi
ng
v)Lookdownwi t
hscornon

12. Readt
hef
oll
owi
ngpassageandanswert
hef
oll
owi
ngt
hatf
oll
ow:

CONSTI TUTIONALLAW
I
fyoubelongtoaclub,acollege,alargecompanyorsomeot heri
nsti
tut
ion,y
ou
wi
llf
ind t
hatithasasetofr ules.Theses gov erntheorganizati
onal struct
ure ofan
i
nst
ituti
on,i
ts composi
ti
on,i
ts power s and therul
es whichr egul
ateits management.
Al
lpersonswhobelong t otheinstit
uti
onwi llhav
et oabidebyitsr ul
es.Itisthesamewi th
thenat i
onsoft hewor lds.Each oft hem i sgov ernedbyasetofr ul es,whi chi sdescr ibedi n
l
awasaconst i
tut i
on.
A const i
t ut i
onhasbeendef ined as‘ adocumenthav ingaspeci all egalsanct ity
whi chset sout t hef rame andf ramewor kand t hepr inci pal f unct ionsoft heor gansof
gov er nmentofa st at e and decl ar est he pr inci pl esgov erningt he oper at i
on oft hese
or gans
Mostmoder nconst itutionsar e, inf act , cont ainedi naf or maldocumentknownas
‘
the const it
ut ion. ’Thi sconst i
tut ion i sdescr i
bed asawr i
tten const itution,becausei ti s
cont ainedi na wr ittenl awi nt hef or m ofanActofPar liament
Awr it
t enconst it
ut ioni sgener allycont rast edwi thanunwr it
tenconst i
tuti
on.An
unwr i
t ten const itut i
oni snotf oundi nanyf or maldocumentassuch, buti s cont ai
nedi n
anumberof sour ces. One exampl e of an unwr itten const itut i
on i st he Br iti
sh
const i
t ution.It ssour cesar ef ound i
n st at ut e l aw, case l aw, conv ent ions of t he
const i
t utionandev eni ncer taint ext books.
Af ur thercont rastbet weenconst it
ut ionsi st hatsomear er i
gidwhi leot hersar e
flex ible.A r igidconst itut ioni sonewhi chcanonl ybechangedast her esul tofal ongand
cumber some pr ocedur e. Such const i
tut ions can onl y be by def i
nition,wr it
ten
const i
t utions.Forexampl e,an amendment t ot heAmer i
can const i
t utioncan onl y be
ef fect edbyt heappr ov al oft he pr esi dent , a t wo- thi rds maj or i
t y i nt he House of
Repr esent ativesandt hesenat e, andt he appr ov al of t he t hree- quar ters of t he
Legi slat ureoft heFeder alSt at es.I ti spossi blet odel ayorbl ocksuchamendment si nei t
her
theHouseoft heRepr esent ativesort hesenat e.I tdoesnot f ollow t hough,t hat al l wr it
ten
const i
t utionsar er i
gi d.I tdependsont hemanneri nwhi chan amendmentcanbemade.
Af l
exi bleconst i
tut ioni saconst itut i
onwhi chcanbeamendedwi thease. All unwr it
ten
const i
t utionswi ll gener allybef lexi ble.
TheKeny aconst it
ut ioncan beal ter edbyaBi l
lsuppor ted ont hesecond and
third r eadingsby v ot es of notl esst han si xt yf iveper centofal lt he member soft he
Nat ional Assembl y .SuchaBi llal sor equi r
est heassentoft hePr esi dent .Ther ei s no
quest i
onofany r ef erendum and t he easewi thwhi ch t he Keny aconst itution hasbeen
amendedsi ncet he or i
gi nal i
ndependenceconst i
tut ionof1963,suggest st hatal though
theconst i
tut i
oni swr itten, it isnev erthel essaf lexi bleone.
Anot herdi st inct i
oncan bedr awnbet ween Uni t
ar yandFeder alconst i
tutions
wher e, underauni tar yconst itution,asi si nKeny a,t he Cent ralGov ernmentr etainst he
pr incipalpower sofst at e;t her ei sno del egat ionofpower st ot he pr ov i
nces.Undera
f eder alconst itut ion, thepowerofst at ear edi v idedbet weent heCent ralGov ernmentand
theFeder al St at es, asi st hecasei nNi ger ia.
Thei mpor tanceoft heconst i
tut i
oni nKeny ai smadebyt hesect ion3oft heActof
Par l
iament .Inher e,t heconst i
tut ioni ssuppor tedbyt hef orceofl awt hr oughoutKeny a.
Ifan ot herl aw i si nconsi stentwi tht hisconst i
t ut i
on,t heconst i
tut i
onshal lpr ev ailandt he
ot herl awshal lbev oi d.Thi sgi v est heHi ghCour tofKeny apowert odecl areanyActof
par liamentwhi chi si nconsi stentwi thanypar toft heconst itutiont obeunconst ituti
onaland
v oid.I n addi t i
on,i ft he Execut ive( whi chi ncl udes bot ht he admi nist ration and t he
member s oft hel ocaland cent ralgov ernment )act si n an unconst itutionalmanner ,an
aggr iev ed per soncanappl yt ot he Hi ghCour tf ordecl ar ator y or der .Thi sor dercancl aim
theact i
oni n quest ioni sul t
rav ires.I naddi tion,hecanappl yf oranor derofi njunct iont o
rest rai nt he Execut iv ef rom act i
ngi nt hemanneri tpr oposes.
Fr om whathasbeensai dabov e,i ti scl eart hatt her ei sadi visionofpower s
bet weent het hr eeor gans.Thepower sofgov ernmentar et raditional lydi videdi nt ot hreemai n
or gans; the execut iv e,t hej udi ciar yandt hel egi slat ive.Thi sdi vi
sion,i naway ,isnecessar y.If
thesame per sonorbodyexer ci sedal lt het hr eef unct ions, t
hent her ecoul dbet yrannyand
ar bitrar y gov er nment .I tis,t her ef or edesi rabl et hatt he powerofgov ernmentshoul d be
vest edi n di fferentper sons orbodi es,buta st ri
ct separ at ioni sst ill notpossi ble or
desi rabl e.I nKeny a, wehav esepar ationofpower sbutonl yt oacer tainext ent .
Thel egi slat ur e,whi chmakesl aws,i ncl udescer tainmember soft heExecut i
ve
Mi ni ster s who ar er esponsi blef orcar rying outt he l aws.Thi sl ink her e,bet ween t he
execut iv eandt he Legi slat ure,i sessent i
alf ort he ef ficientadmi nistr ation ofgov ernment
servi
ces.Forexampl
e,the r
enttri
bunal
sexercise a quasi
-judici
alfuncti
on byt hese
tri
bunalsi
snotusur
pati
onoft hepower
s oft
heJudiciary
.Itis onl
yar ecognit
ion ofthe
factthatt
her
earecert
ainfuncti
onswhichcan be conv eni
entl
yadminist
eredby ot her
bodies.
Adapt
edfrom TheLawsofKenya:AnI
ntroduct
ion
ByTudorJackson,
Kenyal
it
erat
ureBur
eau,Nair
obi,1970.

a) Whati
sthepur
poseofhav
ingr
ulesi
nanyor
gani
zat
ionaccor
dingt
othepassage?

b) Accor
dingt
othepassage,
dif
fer
ent
iat
ebet
weena‘
uni
tar
y’anda‘
feder
al’
const
it
uti
on.
c) Descri
bethekindofconst
itut
ionKenyahasi
nthepassage.
d) I
nnot efor
m,statewhich consti
tut
iony
ouwouldpr
eferandwhy
.
e) Ar i
gidconst
it
utioni
sonewhi chcanonlybechangedasar esul
tofal
ong
and
cumber
somepr
ocedur
e’Begi
n:Onl
y…….
.
f
) I
nKeny
a,wehav
easepar
ati
onofpower
sbutonl
ytoacer
tai
next
ent
.(Addaquest
iont
ag)
g) Expl
aint hemeaningoft
hef
oll
owi
ngwor
dsandphr
ases:
i
) i
)Void–
ii
)Ultrav i
res –
i
ii
)block -
i
v)referendum

13. Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequest ionst hatf ollow

Mostoft he10mi ll
ionKeny anst hr eat enedwi thst ar vat ionar enotwher ey ou
thought theywoul dbe.Theyar enoti nthedr ought -st ri
ckenr ur alar eas.Theyar ei nstead,
i
nt hecount r
y’s urbancent r
es,huddl edi nt hei nfor malset tlement sf amousl yknownas
slums.
New of fi
cialr epor tl aysbar et her easonsf orKeny an’shunger– andt heygo
bey ondr ainf ailur e.Dr oughti s onl y one oft he gr owi ng numberofcauses ofhunger
threateningnear ly10 mi ll
ionpeopl ei nthecount ry.
TheKeny aFoodSecur i
tyUpdat e-r eleasedear lyt hisweek-say st hatt hehi ghest
number ofpeopl ewhoar el ikelyt ost ar vear el ow- incomeear ner swhol i
vei nur ban
i
nf ormal settl
ement s. Accor dingt ot heFebr uar y2009Sur v ey ,4. 1mi lli
onpeopl einNai r obi
andMombasasl umsar e t hreat enedwi thst arv ationbecauseofr educedear ni ngsr esul ti
ng
from thel ossofempl oy ment af tert heel ect i
onsv iolence.
Mat ter shav ebeenmadeal otwor sebyr isingf oodpr ices.I nthesl ums, 37per cent
–or near lyf ouri nev ery10-oft hehousehol dsr epor t edhav ingonl yonemealaday .And
adul t
sar e r equi redt obeofgoodbehav iourbyr est rictingt hef oodpor tiont heyconsume.
Peopl ear erunni ng i nt odebt ,mov i
ngel sewher eorsel l
ingwhat ev erbel ongi ngst heyhav et o
surv i
veaccor dingt ot he sur vey .
Ironi cally,t hispopul ati
oni sr ecei v ingt hel easthel pf rom t hegov ernment ,ai d
wor kersandgood Samar it
ans who ar el ining up t o gi ve donat ions,ev er ywher e.“ The
unf or
tunat erealityi st hat i nter vening or ganizat ions t end t or espond t o emer genci es f ai rl
y
quicklyandhav elessent husiasm f
orf undi ngandi mpl ement i
ngnon- f
oodi ntervent ions
thatar e,atthemi ni mum, mitigativei n nat ure,”say st her epor t.I ti sj ointlypubl ishedbyt he
gov ernment ,theWor ldFoodPr ogramme, the Uni ted St ates Agency f or I nternat i
onal
Dev elopmentandt heFami neEar lyWar ningSy st ems Net wor k.
Ast hegl obaleconomi ccr i
sisbi t
esandi tsef fectar ef el tathome,i tisunl i
kel y
thatthe rains–i nwhat ev erquant i
t y–wi l
lal leviat et hesuf fer i
ngoft heur banhungr y.The
armyoft he manualwor kers,domest icandof ficesuppor tstaf f,secur it
yguar dsandi dler si s
hungr y.
Ift heyar enotf ed–andur gent ly,t oo–Keny an’sur banmi ddlecl asscanexpecta
spikei n larcenyandot herpet tycr imes, allt ot heirdet ri
ment .Nott of orgett hepubl icf ace
oft hef amine, thoseaf fect edbyt heext endeddr oughtseasonar eonl y2. 5mi lli
on–and
theyhav eamongt heir numbersome850, 000school -agechi ldr en.
Anot her1. 9mi l
lionpeopl ear ef acedwi t hst ar vationbecauset heyar eaf fect edby
HI Vand Ai ds– ei t
herdi rectlyorhav el ostabr eadwi nnert ot hecondi tion.A shocki ng
admi ssioni nthe r eportist hattherear e150,000peopl edi splacedaf tert
heelecti
onswho
areint ransitcampscl oset ot hei
rhomesbutcannotr eturnorf arm.Thisnumberr ecei
vesfood
rat
ionsf r
om t heUNWor ldFoodPr ogr
amme’ sEmer gencyOper ation.
Of f i
ciall
y,thegov ernmentcl ai
mst hatithasmov ed255, 000peopleoutofcamps
forthe di splaced.Wi th150, 000peopl edisplacedaf tertheel ecti
ondependingondonor
dole,the r esett l
ementef forthasonlybenef i
ted105,000peopl e.
Thisnumberconst i
tutes16per centoft her evi
sedt otalof663, 000di spl
acedpeople
whichi st he of ficialfi
gurefrom theMi nistr
yofSpeci alProgrammes.
Obv iously,tr
uthissomet hingt hatmakest hecoal i
tionGov ernmentextr
emely
uncomf ortabl
et hatitspendsmostoft het i
mesugar coatingit.

(
a)Wherearemoststarv
ingKenyan’
sassumedt obe? (
2mks)
(
b)Whatstepsar
ev i
cti
msofhungertaki
ngforthei
rsurv
ival? (
3mks)
(c)Whatar
etheli
kel
yconsequencesofhungeronKenyan’surbanmi
ddl
eclass?
(
2mks)
(
d)Rewrit
ethefoll
owingsentencebegi
nning:
(
Risi
ng--
--
--
--
--
---
--
--)“Mat
tershavebeenmadeal otworsebyri
singf
oodpri
ces
(
e)Whataccordingtothepassageiswrongwitht
heapproachtakenbythe
gr
oups
assi
sti
ngthehungr
y? (
2mks)
(
f)Makenotesont
hereasonsf
orKeny
an’
shunger
(
4mks)
(
g)Whyi
sther
ainunl
i
kel
ytoal
l
evi
atet
hesuf
fer
ingoft
heur
banhungr
y?
(
2mks)
(
h)Expl
aint
hemeani
ngoft
hef
oll
owi
ngexpr
essi
onsasusedi
nthepassage
(
4mks)
(
i)All
evi
ate..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(
ii
)Larceny..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(
ii
i)Donordole..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(
iv)Sugarcoati
ng..
..
..
.

14. Readt
hepassagebel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:

MATURI
TY
Oneoft
hemostt
ragi
cfact
sofhumanexi
stencei
sthatwhi
l
e,phy
sicalmat
uri
ty
f
or
normalpeopl edev el
opsnat ural
lywi t
ht hepassageoft ime,ment almat ur
itydoesnot
occur/come
soeasi l
y.Al argenumberofpeopl ewhohav et hephy siqueandageofadul t
s,andar e
thusin
possession ofadul tstatusand pr ivi
leges,ar e notment all
ymat ure.Thisi sr ather
unfor
tunate, f
or,
asHar ryA.Ov er
streetinTheMat ureMi ndobser ves,‘Themostdanger ousmember sof
our
societyaret hosegr own-upswhosepower sofi nfluencear eadul tbutwhosemot i
v es
and
responsesar einfanti
le.
”Adul tswhoar eincapableofcar r
yingout t hei
rdutiesand
obli
gations
withapr opersenseofr esponsibi
lit
ycannotonl ygi vet hemselv esunnecessarytroubles,
butalso
causemuchhar mt othoseov erwhom t heyhav einfl
uence.
Iti
snodoubtt r
uet hatthement algrowthofaper sondependst osomeext enton
thewayhi spar entsguidedhim whenhewasachi ldandont heenv ir
onment alconditi
ons
hegr ewupi n.
 Howev er,ment aldev elopment ,unl ikephy sicalgr owt h,neednotst opwi tht heendof
puberty.A
mani swhathemakeshi msel f.Hecan,atanyst ageofhi sl if
e,alway sdev el ophi msel f
fur
therif
heconsci ousl ymakest heef fortt odoso.AsGaut amaBuddhaputi t
,“ Themi ndi s
everyt
hing;
whaty outhink, youbecome” .
Ifamanwant st or eachanunknowndest inat i
on, i
ti sal way sbestf orhi mt ost udy
any
appropr iat
emapoft her egion.Si mi l
ar ly,foramant odev elophi sment alandi ntel
lectual
power s,heshoul datt heout setf indoutashecanwhatr ealmat urityconsi stsof .As
Ari
stetl
eput
i
t:“Thosewhowi sht osucceedmustaskt her ightpr eliminar yquest ions. ”
Carefult hinkingandobser vationwi llenabl eonet oseet hatamat ur emani sone
withakeensenseofr esponsi bi l
it
yandaconsci ousawar enessofwhati spr oper .Thus
he manages hi s af fairsi n accor dance wi th expl i
citand r easonabl e cr it
eria,t he
foundat ion ofwhi ch he has exami ned cr i
tically and anal y
tical
ly.He uphol ds hi s
convict i
onsf ir
ml ybecausehei sclearaboutwhyheuphol dst hem.
Yethei sconsci ousoft hev alueofpost ponedj udgmenti ncertainwei ght ymat ters.
Awar eashei soft hecompl exi tyofcer t ainaf fairs,heknowst hatthedi fferentway sof
deali
ngwi tht hem ent ai ldifferentconsequenceswhi chmaybeofv aryingdegr eesof
accept abil
it
y .Hei sawar et hati nsuchmat ter
s,di ffer entr easonabl emenwi lli
nev it
ably
comeupwi thdi fferentopi nions.Sowhi leher espect sthej udgment sofot herpeopl e,
andi sco- oper ative,hemakeshi sownst udyoft hepr obl emsi npr operper spect i
veby
l
ookingatt hem obj ectivelyfrom al langl es.
Howev ert hewayaper sonmakesanassessmentdependsagr eatdealonone’ s
knowl edge.Thus,t hemat ureper sonwi llnev erdev elopt heunheal thyconcept iont hat
whatheal r
eadyknowsi sal lt hatneedbeknown.I ndeal ingwi thanypr obl em hef ir
st
fi
ndsoutal lhecan,sot hathewi llbeasf airandascor rectaspossi ble.Hemakest he
maxi mum useofoppor tunitiest oachi evet hebestf orhi msel fandev eryoneel se.
Int his gener alat ti
tude,a mat ur e man i s al way s sy mpat het ic butnev er
sentiment al.Like
asci ent i
stint heconductofhi spr ofessi onaldut ies,heseest hedi f
ferencebet ween
objectivesr ealityandwhatheandot hersdesi re,orhopet obet hecase.Heknowshi s
weaknessesbuthehasawel l–consi der edscal esofv alues.Thuswhi leheaccept s
himsel fashei s,andot hersast heyar e,heper sist ent lyt r
iest omoul dhi schar acterint he
wayhedesi res.Henev ertiresofi mpr ov inghi msel f.Itist histraitabov eal lelsewhi ch
gainshi mt her espectofot hermat ur epeopl e,andwhati smor eimpor t
ant, hisownsel f-
respect .

a) From theinformationgiveni nthefi

rstparagr aph,whatisthemostt ragi
cf act
?
b) Innotlessthan20wor ds, summar i
zet hefact orsthatdet
erminement algrowth.
c) Whati stheaut hor
’sdefiniti
onofamat ureman?
d) Givethemeani ngofthef oll
owingphr asalverbsast heyareusedinthepassage.
a)carryi
ngout
b)Findout
e) Addt heappr opri
atetagt othefoll
owi ngstatement .
Henev erti
resofi mprovinghi mself
.
f
) Replacethewor dhowev er”inparagraph6wi thanothersui
tablewordorphr ase.
“Howev er,
thewayaper sonmakesanassessmentdependsagr eatdeal onone’
s
knowledge".
g) Identi
fyandgi veil
lustr
ationsofanyt wof eatur esofstyl
eusedi nthepassage.( 2
mks)

15. Readt
hepassagebel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
 HOW TOGROW OLD
Inspi teoft het itl
e, thisar ticl ewi llreal l
ybeonhownott ogr owol d.Myf irstadv ice
woul dbet ochoosey ourancest or scar efully.Al thoughbot hofmypar ent sdi edy oung,I
hav e donewel li nt hisr espectasr egar dsmyot herancest or s.Mymat ernalgr andf at her ,i tis
true, was cutof fi nt hef lowerofhi sy outhatt heageofsi xty-sev en,butmyot hert hr ee
grandpar ent sal l l ivedt obeov erei ght y .Ofr emot erancest orsIcanonl ydi scov eronewho
didnotl iv et oagr eat age,andhedi edofadi seasewhi chi snowr ar e,namel y,hav inghi s
headcutof .Agr eat -gr andmot herofmi nel iv
edt ot heageofni nety -twoandt oherl astday s
remai nedat er rort oal lher descendant s.Mymat ernal gr andmot her ,whohadt enchi ldr en,
oneofwhom di edi ni nfancy ,andmanymi scar ri
ages,dev ot edher sel ft ot enwomen’ s,hi gher
educat i
onassoonasshebecamea wi dow.She wor ked har d atopeni ng t he medi cal
prof essi ont owomen.Sheusedt ot ellofhowshe meti nI taly,anel der lygent lemanwho
wasl ooki ngv erysad.Sheaskedhi m whyhewas mel anchol yandhesai dt hathehadj ust
par tedf rom hi st wogr andchi ldr en.“ Goodgr acious! ”she excl ai med. I hav e sev ent y-two
grandchi ldrenandwer esadeacht imeIpar tedf rom oneoft hem, Ishoul d hav e a mi ser abl e
exi stence! ’Speaki ngasoneoft hesev ent y -two, Ipr eferherr eci pe.Af ter t he age of ei ght y,
shef oundshehadsomedi ffi
cul tyi nget tingt osl eep, soshehabi tual lyspentt hehour s f rom
mi dni ghtt o5. a.mr eadi ngpopul arsci ence.Idonotbel ievet hatsheev erhadt imet o not ice
thatshewasgr owi ngol d.Thi s, Ithi nk, i
st hepr operr eci peofr emai ningy oung.I fy ou hav e
wi deandkeeni nt er est sandact ivitiesi nwhi chy oucanst ill beef fectiv e, youwi l
l hav eno
reasont ot hi nkaboutt hemer el yst atist icalf actoft henumberofy ear sy ouhav eal readyl ived,
still l essoft hepr obabl eshor tnessofy ourf ut ure.
Psy chol ogi cally,t her ear et wodanger st obeguar dedagai nsti nol dage.Oneof
thesei s toogr eatanabsor ptioni nt hepast .Oneshoul dnotl i
vei nmemor ies, inr egr et sf or
thegoodol dday s, ori nsadnessaboutf riendswhoar edead.One’ st hought smustbedi rect ed
tot hef ut ureand t ot het hi ngsaboutwhi cht her eissomet hi ngt obedone.Thi sisnotal way s
easy ;one’ sownpasti s gr adual lyi ncr easi ngwei ght .Iti seasyt ot hi nkt oonesel ft hatone’ s
emot i
onsusedt obemor ev ividt hant heyar eandone’ smi ndmor ekeen.I ft hisi st rue, i
tshoul d
bef or got tenandi fi ti s f or got ten, itwi llprobabl ynotbet r
ue.
Theot hert hingt obeav oidedi scl ingingt oy out hi nt hehopeoff indi ngst rengt hi n
i
ts v itality.Wheny ourchi ldr enar egr ownupt heywantt ol ivet hei rownl iv es,andi fy ou
cont inuet o beasi nter est edi nt hem,asy ouwer ewhent heywer ey oung,y ouar el ikel yt o
becomeabur dent o them,unl esst heyar eunusual l
yi nsensi bl e.Idonotmeant hatone
shoul dbewi thouti nt er esti n them,butone’ si nt erestshoul d be cont empl ative and,i f
possi ble, phi lant hr opi c, butnott oo emot ional .Ani mal sbecomei ndif ferentt ot hei ry oung
assoonast heycanl ookaf tert hemsel ves, buthuman bei ngs,owi ng t ot he l engt h of
i
nf ancy , findt hi sl esseasy .
Ithi nkt hatasuccessf ulol dagei seasi estf ort hosewhohav est rongi mper sonal
i
nt er est l
eadi ngt osui tabl eact iv i
t i
es.I ti si nt hisspher et hatl ongexper iencei sr eal l
y
fruitful ,andt hatt hewi sdom bor nofexper i
encecanbeusedwi thoutbecomi ngabur den.I tis
nouset el li
nggr own- up chi ldrennott omakemi stakesbot hbecauset heywi ll notbel iev ey ou,
andbecausemi stakesar ean essent ialpar tofeducat ion.Buti fy ouar eoneoft hosewho
arei ncapabl eofi mper sonal int er est , y oumayf indt haty ourl if
ewi llbeempt yunl essy ou
concer ny our sel fwi thy ourchi l
dr enand gr andchi l
dren.I nt hatcasey oumustr eal i
zet hatwhi l
e
canst il
l helpt hem i nmat eri
al way s, such asbymaki ng t hem an al l
owanceorkni tting
them j umper s, y oumustnotexpectt hatt heywi ll enjoyy ourcompany .
Someoft heol dpeopl ear et roubl edbyt hef earofdeat h.I nthey oungt her ei sa
j
ust i
ficat ionf ort hi sf eel ing.Youngmenwhohav ereasont of eart hatt heywi l
lbeki l
ledi nbat tl
e
mayj ust ifiabl yf eelbi tteri nt het houghtt hatt heyhav ebeencheat edoft hebestt hings
thatl ifehas t oof fer.Nev erthel ess,i nol dmanwhohasknownhumanj oy sandsor rows,and
hasdone what ev erwor khecoul ddo, thef earofdeat hi ssomewhati gnor abl e.Thebestway
toov er comei t- soatl easti tseemst ome- istomakey ouri nt er estsgr adual lywi derand
mor ei mper sonal , unt i
l bitbybi tt hewal lsoft heegor ecede, andy ourl ifebecomesi ncr easi ngly
par toft heuni v ersal l
ife.An indi vidual humanexi st enceshoul dbel i
kear iver -smal lat
fi
rstandnar r owl ycont ai nedwi thini ts banks,t henr ushi ngpassi onat elypastr ocksandov er
waterfall
s.Graduallyt
her i
vergrowswider, t hebanksrecede,thewat ersfl
owmor equiet
ly,
andi ntheend, wit
houtanyv isi
blebr
eak,they becomepar toft hesea,andpainlesslyl
osethei
r
i
ndividualbei
ng.Theman, who,inol
dage, can seehisli
feint hi
sway ,willnotsufferfr
om the
fearofdeathsi ncethethingshecaresforwi l
lcontinue.Mor eover,i
f,wit
ht helossofv it
ali
ty,
wear i
nessincreases,thethoughtofrestwillnotbe unwel come.Ishoul dwi sht odiewhi l
e
sti
llatwork,knowi ngthatotherswil
lcarr
yonwhatIcan nol ongerdo,andcont entinthe
thoughtthatwhatwaspossi blehasbeendone.
Adapt
edf
rom Howt
oGr
owOl
dbyBet
randRusselT.
V.Sachs:
.NowReadOn,
Longman,
Green&Co.Lt
d.,
1969,
66-
68

(a)Thewr iterpref ershi sgr andmot her ’

srecipe.Expl ainthereci
pe (
2mks)
(b)Stat
ei nnot ef orm whyt herear econf li
ctsinov ercomi ngthepsychol
ogicaldanger
s
tobeguar dedagai nsti nol dage.
(
5mks)
(c)Whatr oledoesi mper sonal i
nterestplayi nthelifeofanagi ngindi
vi
dual?
(
2mks)
(d)Commentont hesi mi leusedt odescr i
beani ndividual’
sli
fe
(
2mks)
(e)Rewr it
et hef ollowi ngsent encei ny ourownwor ds:
“Agr eat-grandmot herofmi ne,l
ivedt otheageofni nety-
twoandtoherlastdays
r
emai nedat er rort oal lherdescendant s.” (
2mks)
(f)Whyi sthey oungper son’sf earofdeat hjustif
iable? (
2mks)
(g)Changet hef ollowi ngsent encei ntothepast :
“I
tisi nt hisspher et hatlongexper iencei sreallyfrui
tful
,andthatt
hewi sdom bor
nof
exper iencecanbeusedwi thoutbecomi ngabur den.”
(
1mk)
(h)Explaint hemeani ngoft hef oll
owi ngexpr essionsasusedi nthepassage
(
4mks)
Vitali
t y………………………………………………………………………
Mel anchol y……………………………………………………………
Rushi ngpassi onat ely………………………………………………………
Clingingt oy outh…………………………………………………………

16. Readthef oll

owi ngpassageandanswert hequest i
onst hatfoll
ow:
(20mar ks)
Ferretisasmal lmammalbel ongingt otheWeaseif ami l
y.Ferr etshav el ong,sli
m
bodies andshor tlegs.Ther earet wot ypesoff er r
ets,Must elafaro,andt heblack- footed
ferr
et,Must el
a nigripes.Babyf er
ret sar ecalledkits.
Iff
rightened, theseani mal scandi schargeast rongsmel li
ngf l
ui dfrom t heirscent
glands undert heirtails.
Thedomest icf erreti
sof tenkeptasapet .I
twasor i
ginall
ybr edi nancientt imest o
hunt r at sandr abbits,butt odayi tisrar elyused.I ti
sadescendantoft heEur opeanpol ecat ,
whichwas oncef oundt hroughoutEur ope.Theyv aryincol ourf r
om near l
ywhi t
et onear l
y
black.Howev er, mostoft hem hav ecr eamy -
colouredf urwi thdar khairtips,feetandt ailand
a‘mask’ ofdarkfurar oundt heey es.Al thoughmanyowner shav et hescentgl andsoft heirpet
terr
etsr emov ed,the ani malsstil
l hav eamuskyodourf rom ot herskingl ands.
Thebl ack- foot edf erretisnat ivet oWest ernNor thAmer ica.I tresembl est he
domest ic f er
ret,buti ssl ightl
ydar ker .Thei rfurisdul lyellow thatissl ightlydar keront he
backside.Thei r feet ,tailt i
psar ebl ack,andhav ebl ackf urar oundt heey es.Thebl ack–
footedf erreti
susual ly foundonshor tgr assi ncloseassoci ationwi thpr airi
edogs,whi ch
constit
ut emostofi t
sdi et.I n additi
ont of eedingonpr air
iedogs,t hef erretspendsmostof
i
tst i
meunder groundi nPr airi
edog bur r
ows,t ypi
callyspendi ngonl yaf ew mi nut esabov e
thegroundeachday .
 Inburrows,i tsleeps,cat chesi tsf ood,av oidspr edatorsandhar shweat her
,and
givesbirt
h t oit
sy oung.I tissecr eti
veandpr imari
lynoct urnal.Thef erret’
sl ongsl enderbody
all
owsi ttosli
p downbur rowst of i
ndi tspr eywhi l
etheysl eep.Thisr educest hef err
et’
srisk
ofinjur
ywhen attackingpr eyt hesamesi zeasi tself.
Theblack- f
oot edf err
etor iginall
yoccur redint heGr eatplainsf rom Al bertaand
Saskatchewan;’Canadat oTexasi Ar i
zona, U.S.A.Classifiedasendanger ed, scientistsonce
thoughtblack-f
ootedf erret
swer eext inct,until1981, whenapopul ati
onofmor ethan125bl ack-
footedferr
etswer edi scov eredi nWy omi ng.
Sadly,ov erthenextsev eraly ear s,manyoft hem di edofdi stemperandt his
prompt edthe scienti
st swho wer enow get t
ing concer ned thatt hewhol epopul ati
on
woul ddiefrom t
hedi sease, t
hus t he r emai ni
ng ani mals wer e capt ured.Si nce hen,
scienti
stshavebeenbr eedingt hef erretsin capt i
v i
ty.
Adapt
edf
rom TheBl
ack-
Foot
edFer
retbyMwor
iaMuchi
na,Dai
l
yNat
ion,Sept ,13th,
ember
2007)

(a)Howdoest hef erretfindi tsfinditsprey? (

2mks)
(b)Whydoest hef er retli
kebur rows? (
4mks)
(c)I nabout70wor ds, givet hecont rasti
ngfeatur
esofthedomesticandthebl ack-
f
oot
edferret?
(d)Whatwast hecauseoft hebl ack-footedfer
ret
salmostbecomingexti
nct?
(
3mks)
(e)Rewr itethef ollowi ngsent encei nthepassivevoi
ce:-
(
i)Iffrightened, theseani mal scandi schargeastr
ongsmelli
ngflui
dfr
om t heirscent
glandsundert heirt ai
ls. (
2mks)
(f)Whydobl ack- foot edf erretspr eferstayi
nginshortgr
assandunderground?
(
2mks)
(g)Gi vet hemeani ngoft hef oll
owi ngwor dsasusedi nt
hepassage:
(
3mks)
(i)Dischar ge. ..
...
..
...
..
...
.
(ii
)Odour ..
....
...
...
.
(ii
i)Noct urnal ..
...
..
....
..
...
...

17. Readt hepassagebel owandanswert hequest i

onst hatfol l
ow:-
Howf arisper sonalit
ydet ermined,oratleastmodi fi
ed, byphy sicalattr
ibutesofa
person? Doest hebodydet ermi net hepersonalityordoest heper sonalityinanyway
determinet he physicalmake- upoft heperson?Wear eal lapt,f orexampl e,toexcusea
numberofunpl easant quali
ties i n a person on t he gr ounds t hathe i st he unhappy
possessorofagast riculcer.A weakness oft he phy sique,wi tht he discomf ortand pai n
ensuring,
, maydi storttheper sonalityis singul
arl
ypr onet ogast ri
cul cer
s.Wecanal sonot e
thattheper sonalit
yofamanwr itesits si gnat
ureont helinesofhi sf ace.
Probabl ythereisani nfluenceinbothdi r
ectionst hought herearef ewwhowoul d
denyt hat muchofaman’ sper sonal i
tydependsont hemakeupoft hebodyhei nher i
ts.I
tis
diff
icult
,though notimpossi ble,tohav eadomi natingper sonalit
yi fonei sadwar f,anditis
unli
kelythatawoman mascul inised by some phy sicalabnor mal i
ty coul d achiev ea
mat ernalcharacter.

Int hepoultryyardsomet hingmar kedlyaki nt opersonal

ityisseen.Ahen,i nthe
absence ofacock, mayt akeuponher sel
fthedomi nanceoft hehenr un,behavinginmany
wayswi t
hthe arr
ogance and aggr essi
veness ofa cock.These mar ked masculine
att
ri
butescanbechangedov er t ot hemeekestf emininityont herei
ntroducti
onoft hecock.A
cert
ainhen,afteray earofnormal hennychar acteristi
cs,had become domi nati
ng and
cockyinherrelati
onswi ththerestoft hehens,buti nthisi nst
ance,notonlydidt heheni mit
ate
themaleinherpr otecti
vecareoft heot herhens butshegr ew cockf eathers,comband
spurs.Oninvesti
gationitwasdi scoveredt hattuberculosis had dest royed herov ari
es.Her
psy chol ogyandhersexhadchangedast her esultofacl ini
cal mi shap,acl eari nst anceof
per sonal itybei ngbaseduponphy si cal make- up.
Thesei nst ancesoft hei nfluenceofphy sicalchangesont hebehav iourpat ternof
animal s aregi venbecausemuchofourknowl edgeoft hei nf l
uenceoft heendocr ine
glands( theso- called glands ofper sonal i
ty)has been obt ained byexper i
ment s upon
animal sandonl yl aterconf irmed byobser v ationsuponman, andsecond, becausemost
biologi stsbel i
ev e,andi ncreasi ngl yar e dr i
vent obel i
ev e,thatthewhol er ealm ofl ivi
ngt hings
showsast rangeuni tyofpl an.Li fe, almost , i soneandi ndivisible.Thi si snott osayt hat
ther ear enotst rikingdi ff
erencesbet ween, f
or exampl e,man and t he f ly whi ch t ransmi t s
i
nf ect i
ont ohi m.Nonet hel esst hepat t
ernoft he chemi str
yandphy sicsoft hel i
vingcel li s
fundament allysimi lar.Ther ef orei nani mal sitisaseasy t
o see t he ef f
ects of phy sical
endowmentonper sonal it
yasi ti si nhumanbei ngs.
Noonecandoubtt hatphy sicalendowmenti nf l
uences, perhapsev endet ermi nes,
per sonal i
ty.I tisdi fficultt ohav eadomi nat ingper sonalit
yi fonei si ntensel yugl yori sa
ti
ny i ndi vidual (
asment ionedbef or e), thoughi tmustbeadmi tted, ther ear eexcept i
onst ot hi s
gener ali
zation.Thet allar eof tenshyandr et ir
ing; theshor tbumpt i
ousandsel fasser ti
v e.
The ar tistper sonal i
tyof t
engoeswi thapar ti
cul arshapeofhand,andsodoest hepr actical
with anot her .
Buthow i sphy sicalendowmenti nher ited?Wehav eal lknownf ami l
ieswhose
member s wer e mor e unl i
ke each ot her,bot hi nt emper amentand phy sique,t han ar e
unr elatedpeopl e.An ext raor di nar ycasei st hatofuni dent i
calt wi nsoneofwhom wast al l
,
blue- eyedandr ed- headed andot hershor t
,bl ack-hai r
edandbr own- eyed.Atf irst,andqui te
super f
icially, i
tmi ghtappear that i nheritance pl aysl it
tl
e par ti n pr oduci ng phy sical
endowment ,andy etweknowt hati tdoes.I t i sknownt hathai rcol our ,ey ecol our ,al binism
andacer t ainnumberofabnor mal i
t i
essuchascol our -bli
ndness,ar ei nher i
ted accor ding t o
def i
ni t
el aws.Asr egar dst hesei nher itedabnor mal iti
es weknow t hatt heymusti nfluence
theper sonal i
ty.Imagi net heef fectofbei ngcol ourbl ind.Theper sonsoaf fl
ictedcanseel ittl
ei n
thespr ingoraut umnl andscapet ost i
rhi m; per hapshecannot under stand many of t he
passi onsoft hepoetandpai nter .Andwhenanar tistict emper amenti s i nheri
ted al ong wi th
colour -blindnesst heef fectont heper sonal i
tymustbeal mostt ragi c. Theref ore if
per sonal ityisgr oundedi nphy si cal make- up,phy si cal endowmentbecomesofpr ime
i
mpor t
ance, andt hemor ewel ear nofi t
si nher i
tancet hebet ter.

i
) Whatef f
ect smayagast ricul
cerhav eonaper son’sper sonali
ty?
i
i
) Thebodyaf fectst heper sonalit
y .Justi
fythi
sst atementusi ngfourexamplest
he
wri
tergivesi nrelat i
ontohumanbei ngs.
i
ii
) Whydoest hewr it
erquot einstancesofphy si
calchangesaf fecti
ngt hebehavi
ourpat
ter
n
ofanimal s?
i
v) Doesi nher it
ancepl ayanyr ol
einendowment ?Il
lustr
atey ouranswer.
v) Whyisiti
mpor tantt olear nmor eabouti nheri
tance?
vi
) Expl aint hemeani ngoft hefollowingwor dsandphr asesast heyareusedinthe
passage:-
Wr it
esi t
ssi gnatureont hel i
nesofhisf ace……
Bumpt i
ous ………
Mascul inised……
Cli
nical mi shap……
akin……

18. Readt
hepassagebel
owandt
henanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-

DEMOCRACY
Broadl
yspeaking,modernpolit
icaldemocr acyisasy st
em ofgovernanceinwhich
r
uler
sarehel
daccount abl
ef orthei
ractioni nt hepublicrealm byciti
zensactingindi
rectl
y
t
hrought
he competit
ionandco-operat
ionoft heirel
ect
edr epresent
ati
ves.
Ar egi
mei sanensembl eofpat ternsthatdeterminesthemet hodsofaccessof
thepr inci palpubl icof fi
ces, thechar act er isticsoft heact or sadmi tt
edt oorexcl udedf r om such
access, the st r ategi est hatt heact or smayuset ogai naccess, andt her ul est hatar ef ollowed
i
nmaki ng publ iclybi ndi ngdeci sions.
Likeal lr egi mes,democr aci esdependont hepr esenceofr ul ers,per sonsi n
aut hor ity roles who can gi vel egi ti
mat e commands t o ot hers.Whatdi sti
ngui shes
democr aticr uler s f rom non- democr at iconesar et heway si nwhi cht hef ormercomet o
powerandt hepr actices t hathol dt hem account abl ef ort hei ract i
ons.
Ci tizensar et hemostdi st inct iveel ementi ndemocr aci es.Al lregi meshav e
rulersanda publ icr ealm,butonl yt ot heext entt hatt heyar edemocr at icdot heyhav e
citi
zens. Hi st orical l
y, sev er er estrict ionsonci tizenshi pwer ei mposedi nmostemer ging
orpar tial democr aci esbasedonage,gender ,cl ass,r ace,l iteracy ,pr oper tyowner shi p,
tax-pay ingst atus, andt hel ike.Onl yasmal lpar toft hepopul at i
onwasel igiblet ov ot eor
runf orof fice.Onl ycer tainsoci alcat egor ieswer eal l
owedt of or m,j oinorsuppor tpol itical
associ at i
ons.
Today ,t hecr iter iaf ori ncl usi onar ef airlyst andar d.Al lnat iv e-bor nadul tsar e
eli
gi ble, althoughagel imi tsmaybei mposedoncandi dat esf orcer t ainof fices.Unl ike
th
l
ikeAmer ican and Eur opeandemocr aci esoft he19 cent ur y,noneoft her ecent
democr aci esi nSout her n Eur ope,Lat in Amer ica,Asi a,or East er n Eur ope has ev en
attempt edt oi mposef ormal restr i
ct ionsont hef ranchi se.
Compet it
ion has notal way s been consi der ed an essent i
alcondi t
ion of
democr acy . Cl assi cdemocr aci espr esumeddeci si on- maki ngbasedondi rectpar ticipat ion
l
eadi ngt o consensus.Theassembl edci tizenr ywasexpect edt oagr eeonacommon
cour seofact i
onaf ter list eni ng t ot he al ternat iv es and wei ghi ng t hei rmer its and
demer its.At radi tionofhost ilityt o fact i
ons and par ticul ar i nt er est s per sist s i n
democr atict hought , buti thasbecomewi del y accept edt hatcompet i
tionamongf act ionsi s
anecessar yev i
l indemocr aci est hatoper ateona mor e-than- l
ocal scal e.
Yetwhi ledemocr atsmayagr eeont hei nev i
tabi lityoff act ions,t heyt endt o
disagr ee aboutt hebestf or msandr ulesf orgov erni ngf act ionalcompet ition.I ndeed,
differencesov er t hepr ef er redmodesandboundar iesofcompet itioncont ri
but emostt o
distingui shi ngone subt y peofdemocr acyf rom anot her .
Themostpopul ardef i
ni tionofdemocr acyequat esi twi thr egul arel ect ions,
fairly conduct edandhonest lycount ed.Someconsi dert hemer ef actofel ect ions- ev en
onesf rom whi chspeci ficpar tiesorcandi dat esar eexcl uded,ori nwhi chsubst ant ial
por ti
onsoft he popul at ion cannotf reel y par ticipat e-as a suf ficientcondi ti
on f or
democr acy .Thi sf all
acyhas been cal led el ect or al i
sm,orf aitht hatmer el y hol ding
elect ionswi llchannelpol iticalact ion i nt o peacef ulcont est samong el i
tesand accor d
publ icl egi timacyt ot hewi nner s.
Howev er ,cent r alt odemocr acy ,el ect ionsoccuri ntermi ttent l
yandal low ci tizens
onlyt o choosebet weent hehi ghl yaggr egat edal ternat iv esof fer edbypol i
ticalpar ties,
whi chcan, especi allyint heear lyst agesofademocr at ict ransi tion,pr olifer atei nbewi lder ing
variet y. Bet weenel ect ions,Ci ti
zenscanseekt oi nf l
uencepubl icpol icyt hroughi nt erest
associ at i
ons, cl i
ent el i
st icar rangement s, soci almov ement s, l
ocal itygr oupi ng, andsi mi lar
i
nt ermedi ar i
es. Moder n democr acy ,i n ot herwor ds,of f ersav ar iet y ofcompet iti
v e
processesandchannel sf or expr essi ngi nter est sandv alues.
Anot hercommonl yaccept edi mageofdemocr acyi dent ifiesi twi thmaj or i
tyr ule.
Any gov er ningbodyt hatmakesdeci sionbycombi ningt hev ot esofmor et han hal foft hose
eli
gi ble andpr esenti ssai dt obedemocr atic,whet hert hatmaj or ityemer ges wi thinan
elect or ate, apar liament ,a commi tt ee,a ci tycounci l,orpar tycaucus.Forexcept ional
pur poses( forexampl e, amendi ngaconst itutionorexpel lingamemberoft hegov er ning
body ).Qual i
fiedmaj or i
ti
esof mor et han50per centmayber equi r
ed,butf ew woul ddeny
thatdemocr acymusti nv olv esome means of aggr egat i
ng t he equalpr efer ences of
i
ndi vidual s.
Apr obl em ar ises, howev er ,whennumber smeeti nt ensi ties.Whathappenswhena
pr oper ly assembl ed maj or it
yr egul arly makes deci sions t hathar m some mi nor i
ty,
especi al l
ya t hr eat ened cul tur alor et hni c gr oup? I nt hese ci rcumst ances,successf ul
democr aci est endt o qual ifyt he cent ralpr inci ple ofmaj or i
tyr ul ei n or dert o pr otect
mi nor i
tyri
ght s.Such qualif
icationscant aket hef orm ofconst i
tutionalpr ovisi
onst hat
placecer t
ainmat ter sbeyondt her eachofmaj oriti
es,requir
ement sforconcur r entmaj or i
ti
esi n
sev eraldifferentconst i
tuencies,guar antees secur ing the autonomy ofl ocalorr egional
mov ement sagai nstt hedemandsoft hecent r
alaut hori
ty,grand coali
tion gov ernment st hat
i
ncor porateal lparties,orthenegot iationof soci alpactsbet weenmaj orsoci algroups,such
asbusi nessandl abour .Themostcommonwayof pr otecti
ng mi nori
tyi nter ests,howev er,
l
iesi ninterestassoci at
ionsandsoci al mov ement s.
Anot hercent ralfeatureofdemocr acyi sco- operati
on;Act orsmustv ol
unt aril
y
makecol lectivedeci si
onsbi ndingont hepol i
tyasawhol e.Theymustcooper ateinor dert o
compet e. Theymustbecapabl eofact i
ngcol lectiv
ely,throughparties,associ ati
ons,and
mov ement s, t
o sel
ectcandi dates, arti
culatepr efer
ences, peti
ti
onauthor i
ties, andinf l
uence
policies.
Butt hef reedomsofdemocr acyshoul dalsoencour ageci ti
zenst odel iberate
among themsel ves,todi scov ert heircommonneeds,andt oresolvet heirdi f
ferences
withoutr elyingon somesupr emecent ralauthorit
y .
Adapt
edf
rom:Topi
cIssue1999

(
a) Whataccordi
ngtothepassageisdemocr
acy?
(
b) How,accor
dingtot
hepassage,doesademocrat
icgov
ernmentensur
epr
otect
ion
ofthei
nter
estsofminor
it
ygroups?
(
c) Whatdoest
heaut
hormeanbysayi
ng“Competi
ti
onamongfact
ionsinnecessar
yevi
l…?“
(d)
. I
nonesent
ence,
sayhowonecant ellt
hediff
erencebet
weent wodemocr ati
c
r
uler
s. (
e). Descri
bet
womaj orweaknessesofsomef ormsofdemocr aci
es.

(
f). Democr
acyi
susual
l
yident
if
iedwi
thmaj
ori
tyr
ule.When,
accor
dingt
othepassage,
i
s
thi
sr ulesaidtobev al
i
dandwhenisi
tsai
dtobeinvali
d?
(
g). Explainthemeani ngofthef
oll
owi
ngexpr
essi
onsastheyar
eusedi
nthepassage.
(i
)Int hepublicreal
m
(ii
)Regi me
(i
ii
)Fr anchise
(iv
)Pol ity
(v)legiti
mat ecommands

Sect
ionB-
1. Readt heext ractbelowandanswert hequest ionsthatf ol
lows: -
“Becar eful,Waiyaki
.Youknowt hepeopl elookupt oy ou.Youar ethesy mbolof
the t ri
be, bornagai nwi thalli
tspur it
y.Theyador ey ou.Theywor shipy ou.Youdonotknow
aboutthenewoat h.Youhav ebeent oobusy.Butt heyar et aki
ngt henewoat hinyourname, in
the nameoft het eacherandt hepur i
tyoft hetribe.Andr ememberKabony ihatesyou.He
wouldkil
l y oui fhecoul d.Andhei stheonewhoi sdoi ngallt his.Why ? TheKi amahas
power.Power . Andy ournamei sinit,gi
vingitev engr eaterpower .Yournamewi l
lbey our
rui
n.Becar eful.
”
Kinut hiawasv eryexcited.Hisv oicewasf ullofconcer nandanxi ety
.Wai y
akilaid
his handonKi nut hia
“Itisalri
ght ,shewoul dnotmar ryme.Andt heywoul ddonot hingt ome.Ther eareyoung
men t here.Iknowt hem.Theyar eloyaltoKabony i.Andt heyareswor ntokeept hetri
bepur e
and puni shbet rayal …….”
“Itellyou,shewoul dnotmar r
yme. ”
“Soi tistrue? ”
“What ?”
“Thaty ou’llmar ryher?”
“Listen,Kinut hia.Itel
l y
ou.Shewoul dnotacceptme. ”
Hewentt oseeanel deraf ewweeksaf terthis.Theel derwasacl oseassociateof
Kabony
i. Theol dmant alkedaboutWai yaki’
sownf atherandgr andf ather.Hepr aisedt hem
fort
hei
r bravery.Heendedbysay ingt hattheynev erwoul dhav ebet r
ay edthet ri
be.
Wai yaki wenthome, hishear tglowingwi thpride.Hi sancest or shaddonewel l.
Butatni ghti tsuddenl yoccur r
edt ohi mt hatt heol dmanhi nted awar ni
ngt o
him. WhatmadeWai y akiconnecthi swar ningandKi nuthia’si nformat i
on?Yett hemor ehe
thought abouti t,themor eitallseemedt obecomecl ear .
Chr i
stmaswasappr oachi ng.Thi sseasonoft hey earcoi ncidedwi tht hecomi ng
tri
balcer emoni esandr i
tual
s.Wai yakidi dnott akepar tinthem asmuchasheusedt odo.Hi s
wor kwas becomi ngal mostmor et hanhecoul dmanage.Manyt eacher sfrom al lovert he
ri
dgecamet osee hi m andmanyel der sandchi l
drencamet ohi m withv ari
ouspr obl ems.But
i
nspi teofallthese,Wai yakiwas l osing t hatcont actwi tht he peopl et hatcan onl ycome
throughtakingpar ttoget her inr it
ual .Hewasbecomi ngt ooobsessedwi t
ht heschool s
andt hewideni ngr i
ftanddi visi
ons.
Theni thappened.I twasat hingt hatscaredev eryone.Suchat hi
nghadnev erhappened
before.A hutt hatbel ongedt ooneofJoshua’ snewestf ollowerswasbur nt .Nobodywas
hurtbutev erything t hatwasi nt hehutwasdest royed.Wai yakicoul dnott ellwhy ,buthe
connectedt hei ncidentwi th theKi ama.WasKabony idet erminedt odest r
oyal lthatst ood
againsthim andt het ri
be?
Ther eal i
zat i
oncamet ohi m asashock.Hei nstant l
ythoughtt hatheshoul dnot
hav e resi
gnedf r
om t heKi ama.I t
spowerandi nfl
uencewast her e,everywher e.

a) WhatwasKi nuthi awar ningWai yaki against ?

b) Whi choathisbei ngr eferredt o?
c) Yournamewi l
l bey ourr uin!Commentont hisstatement
d) I nabout60wor ds, summar izewhyKi nuthiaf eel
sWai yakishoul
dbecareful
e) Whatwar ningdi dt heol dmanhi nttoWai yaki
f) Discussanyonet hemeempl oyedint heext r
act
g) I denti
fyonechar act ertraitofKinuthiaasseeni ntheextract
h) WhatdoesWai y aki feel abouthav ingr esignedf r
om theKi ama?
i
) WhydoesWai y aki seem t obel oosingcont actwithpeople?
j
) Givet
hemeani ngoft hef ollowingwor dsasusedi nthepassage.
i)associ
ate -
i
i)ri
ft-
k)Inv
iewofwhathappensl aterint henov el,doesWai yaki
’
snamebecomehi sruin?

2. THERI VERBETWEENby‘ Ngugi WaThi ong’ o’

Readt hepassagebel owandanswert hequest i
onst hatf ollow:-
Abi groarof“ TheTeacher ”gr eetedhi sbr iefspeech.Somecr i
ed“TheTeacheri s
ri
ght ,
”t hought heydi dnotknow whathewasr i
ghtabout .Ot herscr ied,“LetKabony icome
forwar d”. AndKabony istoodupwi thdignit y.Thei runf i
nishedbat tlewasnowon.
Hewasonceaf oll
owerofJoshua.Now hewast hel eaderoft heKi amaandhe
l
ivedi n Makuy u.Hespokewi t
ht heaut hor i
tyofamanwhoknowst hesecr etwor kings,
evilandgood, i
n men’ shear tsandi nthecount ry.Hisbi gaccusat ionwast hatWai yakiwas
unclean.Hehadt hahu andi fhecont inuedt eachi ngt hepeopl etherewoul dbedar kness
i
nst eadofl ight.Whenagi rl call
ed Mut honidi ed because she was v isit
ed by ev i
l
spiri
ts,Waiyaki hadt akenhert ot hewhi te man’ s hospi tal i n Si r
iana,and was nev er
cleansed.Ashewasal eader,hist hahuhadv i
si tedt he tribe.I twasnow f ort het r
ibet o
takeact ion.ForWai yakiwasagr eat ermenacet hant hepeopl e r
eali
zed.Hewasi nleague
witht hewhi teman, whohadbr oughtasecr etr eligiont oqui etent he peoplewhi lethel and
wasbei nggr abbedbyt hei
rbr other s.Andt axat i
on?Whodi dnotnow complain of t he
heav ytaxationi mposedont hemenandwomen?Hedescr ibedWai yaki’
smany secr et
j
our ney stoSi r
ianaundert hepr et extofget tingmor et eacher sfort hepeopl e.Whent he Ki ama
saidt hatpeopl eshoul dtakear msagai nstt heGov ernmentPost( i
twasv erysmal lanyway ,
i
twoul dnotbedi ffi
culttotakei t)Wai yakiopposedt hisandcr ied:“Educat ion!Educat i
on!”Wi l
l
educat iongiveusebackourl and?Lethi m answert hat .
 Hesatdown.Wai y akinot i
cedt hatKabony ihadcar eful
lyav oidedanyment i
onof
Joshua orNy ambur a.Why ?Het houghtt hathet oowoul dav oi
ddr aggingi nt henameof
Ny ambur abut hewoul dspeakofuni ty .Now,orhewoul dnev ergetanot herchance.
Kabony i
’sspeechhadbeen gr eetedf irstwi thstonysi l
enceandt henwi thmur muring.The
sunwassl owlygoingdown.
Wai y
aki’
sv oicewascal m and compel li
ng.Hi sey esshoneandangerbegant o
sti
rinhi m, f ornowheknewwi thoutanydoubtt hatKabony iwasdet ermi nedt oseehi sr uin.
“WhatdoesKabony iwant ? ”heasked.“ Whof i
rstfoll
owedt hewhi temanand
embr aced t henew f ait
h?Whobet rayedt het ri
bewhenMakuy uandKamenoandt heot her
ri
dgescoul dhav e r i
seni narmsagai nstt hewhi teman? ”
Het urnedt othepeopl eandi nsi mpl ewor dsremi ndedt hem oft heirhistory .“I
t
wasbef ore AguandAgu,att hebegi nningoft hings,t hatMur ungu,t heCr eator ,gaver iset o
Gikuyuand Mumbi ,fatherandmot heroft het r
ibe.Hemadet hem st andont hehol ygroundon
topofKer i
nyagaandshowedt hem al lthel and.Your ememberwhathet oldt hem;t hegr eat
promi set hathegav etoourancest ors.‘Thisl andIgi v
et oyou,Omanandwoman.I tisyour st o
ti
ll
, y
ouand y ourposterity.
’Thel andwasf er ti
leandi ni tgrewall,thef r
uitandhoneywast here
i
npl ent y
. Whenhebr oughtt hem t oKameno,t heyst i
llsaw thel andwasbeaut if
ul.They
wer ehappyand withcont enti nt heirhear tsfoll
owedMur ungut oMukur wewaGat hanga,
wher ehekeptt hem. Andnow wewhoar edescendant soft heni nedaught er sofGi kuy u
andMumbi aretor
nwi thstri
fe andr i
valry.”
Hespokeoft hegr eather oesoft hetr i
beandment ionedDeminaMat hat hi
,
Wachi ori, MugowaKi bir
oandKami r
i.Het oldthem oft hegreatv ictoriest hatt heseher oes
hadov erother peopleswhom t heyhadf oughtwi t
h.

(a)WhathadWai yakijustsaidthatcausedther oar?

(b)Whatt hemei swell i
l
lustr
atedinthisextract
(c)Giveaquest i
ont agforthisstatement:
You r emember what he t old them;t he gr eat problem t hat he gavethe
ancestors...
..
..
..
...
(d)Makenot esont heaccusat i
onsKabony il
evelsagai nstWaiyaki
(e)Whoi sMugowaKi bir
oandhowr elevantishet oWai y
aki’
smi ssi
on?
(f)Inwhi chwayi sMugowaKabi ro’sProphecyopposedt opeopl etakinguparms
against
thegov ernment
(g)Whati sironicalaboutKabony i’
saccusationagai nstWai yaki?
(h)Ill
ustratet heuseoff l
ashbackintheex tr
act
(i
)Whower eDemi naMat hathiandwhywasWai yakipr evi
ouslytol
dhecoul dnotpl
ay
Domi
(j
)Whathappenedatt hespotwher eMur ungushowedGi kuyuandMumbi thelandi
n
Kameno

3. Readt heexcerptbelowandt henanswert hequest ionst hatfoll

ow: -
“Whydoest heKi amawantme? ”Wai yakiaskedagai nassoonast heyhad
steppedout .
“Oh,Idon’tknowexact ly,
”Kamauanswer edvaguel y
, yetwithanot eoffinali
tythatinvi
ted
no mor equestions.Wai y
aki’
smi ndwasbehi ndwi t
hhi smot her.Thenher emember edt he
fri
ghteningimagest hathadpassedt hr
oughhi smi ndwhi lehehadl ainawakei nbed.Hel ooked
aroundinthedar knessandf eltaterrorofnothingv isibl
epur suedhi m.
“I
tisadar knight,
”hecomment ed.
“I
tisdar k,
”Kamauagr eed.Theset wonev erhel dal ongconv ersati
on,notunl ess
there wast hir
d per son.Kinuthiahadal way sbeent het hirdperson.Kamausawi nWai y
akithe
hawk t hatalwayssnat chedhispi eceofmeatwhenhehi msel fwasaboutt oeati t.Howwoul d
heev er ri
seorsucceedasl ongasWai yakiwasi nt heway ?Hecamet ohat ehi m.The
hatredhadgr own sl owly,gat
her i
ngv iolenceast hey earsdr aggedal ong.Andy etKamauf el
t
mor eandmor e power l
esst of i
ghtagai nstWai yaki
.Hecoul dnev erquiter ousehi mselfto
theeffort.
 Thel onehutt owhi cht heywentwasadi stancef r om Kabony i
’sgr oupofmudhut s.
The out si
dewasdi ml yl itbyasmal llant ernt hatwasputonast oneneart hef ireplace.I nt he
fi
replace wer egl owi ngpi ecesofwoodwhi chgav eoppr essi vewar mt ht ot hehut .Wai yaki
wasawar eof figur esl ur kingi nt heedgesofdar knessandhet ookt hem f ort heel der s.
“Isi twel lwi thy oual l
? ”
“Itiswel l.
”
Ther ewasnott hesamewar mt hofr esponseandt heydi dnotcal lhi mt het eacher ,
atitlewhi chwasnowhi sname.Hesatonast ool andwonder edwhatwascomi ng.
ItwasKabony iwhof irstspoke.Hewasol d,v eryol d,yethi sey eshadt hatgl i
tterin
them t hatmadey out hi nkt heywer eonl yli
v et hingsi nhi m.Buthehadener gyandy oucoul d
detect thisi nhi sv oice.Hespokeaboutt her i
dges,t hei nitiati
oncer emoni est hatwer e
underpr eparat ion. Nowt hisanci entcust om wasaboutt ober uinedbycer t
ai nimpur i
tiesint he
l
and.Thedi seasei n ther i
dgeshadst artedwi thJoshua.Thedeat hofMut honihadbeen
thef i
rstcont ami nat i
on.
“Butt hati snotourf ear .Thet roubl enowcomesbecauset hei mpur ityinJoshua
has caughtsomei nourmi dst .Iti st hehi ddensoul iny ourbodyt hatki llsy ou.”
Her ehel ookedatWai yakimeani ngf ully.Numbnesscameov ert heTeacherashe
hear dKabony ispeak.Hedi dnotknow wher et het alkwasl eading,buthecoul dguess.He
remember edKi nut hi
a’swar ning,t heel der’shi nt sandhi sownmot her ’squest i
ons.Wai yaki
thought : “
Andal l t his whi l
e Ihav e busi ed my selfwi tht he educat i
on oft heirchi l
dren. ”
Somet hinglikebi tt
erness begant oeati ntohim.TohearKabony ispeaki nthatv oicey ouwoul d
nev erthinkt hathehad oncebeenoneofJoshua’ sf ollower s.
“Yes, ”Kabony ir epeat edsl owl y.Ther ewasast rangest i
llnessi nt hehut .I twasa
sti
llness suchaspr ecedesast or m oranexpl osion.“ Iti sbadwhenhewhohast aken
himsel ftobet he l eaderoft hepeopl ei stouchedbyt hei mpur ity
, forhei sst illinaposi t
iont o
spreadt hethahut ot hosecl oset ohi m,t othest em andr ootsoft het ribe.Suchaper soni sa
dangerandheneeds cl eansi ng.
Agai nKabony ipaused,andhi sey esr oll
edal lr oundt hehut ,f i
nal lyr est i
ngon
Wai yaki. Youcoul dnott el lift her ewasmal i
ceorscor ni nt hatl ook.Hespokei nanev en
voiceandhi s wor dswer emeasur ed.
“You, ourt eacher ,nodoubtr emembert hatgi r
l,whatwashername? ”
“Whi chgi rl?”Wai yaki for cedhi mt oask.“ Iam i nt hedar k.”
“Joshua’ sdaught er .Hername?Yes.Mut honi .Shewasnotcl ean.Yety out ookher
tothehospi tal.Yout ouchedady ingwoman, adeadbody .Andwer ey ouev ercl eansed?Idonot
thi
nk so.Buty ououghtt ohav ebeen.Youar enoti gnor antandy ouknowwhatt hismeanst o
thet r
ibe. ”
Wai yaki wasgoi ngt ospeak, butKabony i wav edhi mi nt osi l
ence.

a) Whathadhappenedj ustbef orethi

sexcer pt ?
b) Whatdoest heexcer ptreveal aboutthechar acterofKamau?
c) Whoi sKi nuthi a?
d) Accordingt ot heKi amawhyWai yakishouldbecl eansed?
e) Explai
nt hei ronyt hatiswi tnessedint heextract
f) “I
tisadar kni ght,”hecomment ed(rewriteinreportedspeech)
g) I
dent i
fyandexpl ainanyt wost y
li
stsdevicesusedi nthepoem
h) Givethepastsi mpl etensef orm ofthev erblain
Vaguely………
Rouse…
Gli
tter
……
i
)Gi
vetheofthef oll
owi ngwor dsasusedi ntheext ract
4. Readt hef oll
owi ngexcer ptandt henanswert hequest i
onst hatf ol l
ow: -
Thei deat hatshehad act uall
yr un away ,act uallyr ebel led agai nstaut hority,
somehow shockedhi m.Hehi msel fwoul dnothav edar edt odi sobeyChege.Atl easthe
couldnotsee himsel fdoi ngso.
Sot onightWai yakiknew t hatMut honihadact uall
yr unaway .Heraunt ,livingi n
Kameno, wasgoi ngt ot akechar geofher .Insomev i
ll
agespeopl ecoul dnotbel iev ethi s.
Theysai dt hat Joshuahad ahand i ni t
,pr obabl yt o appeaset heangr ygodsoft he
outragedhi lls.Wasi tnot knownt hatJoshuat ookbeersecr etly?St rangel y,nobodyhadev er
seenhi m dr inki ng. Butt hey sai dtheyknew.
Thedancewasbei nghel datanopen- airplacei nKameno.Whi stles, hor ns, broken
ti
ns andany thingel set hatwashandywer etakenandbeat ent ot her hy t
hm oft hesongand
dance. Ev erybodywenti ntoaf renzyofex citement .Oldandy oung,womenandchi l
dren,
allweret her e losi ngt hemsel v esi nt hemagi coft hemot i
onoft hedance.Menshr i
eked
andshout edandj umped i ntot heai rast heywentr oundi naci r
cl e.Fort hem,t hiswast he
moment .Thi swast het i
me. Women,st ri
ppedt ot hewai st,wi t
ht hei rthinbr east sflappi ng
ont heirchest s, wentr oundand r oundt hebi gf ire,swi ngingt heirhi psandcont orti
ngt hei r
bodiesi nall sor tsofpr ov ocat i
veway s,butal wayskeepi ngther hy t
hm.
Theywer ef ree.Ageandy out hhadbecomer econci ledf ort hisoneni ght .Andy ou
could singaboutany thingandt al
koft hehi ddenpar tsofmenandwomenwi thoutf eelingt hat
youhad v iolatedt heot herwisest rongsoci alcodet hatgov ernedpeopl e’ sr elat i
onshi ps,
especiallythe rel ationshi pbet weeny oungandol d, manandwoman
Wai yakist il
lf eltuneasy .Somet hingi nsidehi m pr eventedhi mf r
om l osi nghi msel f
i
nt hisf r
enzy .Wasi tbecauseofMut honi ?Hewonder edwhatLi v i
ngst onewoul dsaynowi fhe
foundhi m ori fhesawt hechaoscr eatedbyl ockedemot ionsl etloose.Andt hewor dsspoken!
Even Wai y akiwassl ight lyembar r
assedbyt histal koff orbiddent hings.Per hapst hiswasso
because t hement ionoff or bi
ddent hingsatanyot hert i
mewasasoci alt aboo.Ofcour se
Wai yakiknew thatnot hi
ngbadwoul dhappeni nspi t
eoft het al k.I twasact uallyat aboo
togowi thawomanon suchanoccasi on.

a)Whydi dMut honi rebelagainstherf ather?

b)WhatmadeWai y
aki f
eelembar rassedbyt hetalkoff
orbiddenthi
ngs?
c)Descr ibethechar acterofMut honiandWai yakiasportr
ay edint
heexcerpt
.
d)Thi swast het ime.(Changei nt oaninter r
ogative)
e)Expl ai
nhowt hewomendanced.
f)Whatr umour swer ebei ngspr eadaboutJoshuaandwhatwasst r
angeaboutt
hem?
g)Fr om y ourknowl edgeoft het ext ,
whoi sLi vi
ngstone?
h)Ident i
fyandi llustr
ateoneaspectofst yleusedi nparagraph3
i
)Theywer ef r
ee.Ageandy outhhadbecomer econcil
edfort hi
sonenight
.
Joi
( nint oonesent encebegi nni ng:Being…. .
)
j
)St atewhatl aterhappenst oMut honi afterthi
soccasion

5. LITERARYPASSAGE. -
TheRi verbetweenbyNgugi waThi ong’
o
A pleasur ablenumbnessdul l
edWai y
akiintoimmobilit
y.Hedi dnotmov ebut
l
eanedagai nstat reeandwat chedt heappar i
ti
on.Thegi r
lwasont heoppositebank, ina
fl
atclear i
ng hi dden al i
ttl
ebysmal lbushes.Wai y
akicould nott ellwhyt hepl ace
remindedhi m somuchoft hesacr edgr oovewher elongagohi sf at
herhadt akenand
reveal
edt heanci entprophecy .Thi
spl aceshewasi nwassacredtoo.Ny amburaseemed
tobebendi ngov ersomet hing.AndWai yakiwatched,heldbythedesi retopossesher .
Hemov edal ittl
e.Hecoul dnow seehercl earl
y.Shewaskneel ingdowni napr aying
posture.Hewasf asci
nated.Aki ndofhol y
l
ightseemedt oemanat ef r
om herbody .Theplacewoul dfor
everr emainsacredt ohim.
Few y ards awayf r
om her e was a pl ace where he had satl ong ago when bei ng
cir
cumci sed.I twasapl acewher ehehadshedbl ood,asifi
twasneededt opr opit
iate
angryspi r
it
s.WhenWai yakireali
zedshewaspr ayinghewasmov ed.Itwasv erystrange
ashewat chedheexper i
encedaf ri
ght eni ngsensat ion,asi fsheandhewer etogether
standi ngonanal tarr eadyf orasacr ifi
ce.
Agr av eat mospher eseemedt obeenv elopingt hewhol eareaandWai yakiwant ed
togoaway .Hewoul dnotseeher .No.Notnow.Al l hewant edwast or unawayf rom this,
forhecoul dnotf acei t
.Hewasconf rontedwi t
hami ght ,apr esencef arbey ondhi m.And
henowf el therbey ondhi m, ont heot hersi de.Hemadeasi ftomov eaway , unseen.But
thedr ycr ackofabr okent wi gbet ray edhi m.Sher aisedherheadandsawhi m.Wai yaki
stoodandl ookedather .Ny ambur ast il
lknel t
.Thei rey esmetandt heydi dn’
tut terawor d.
Ny ambur awasaf raidoft hei ntenseexci tementt hatpossessedher .ThenWai yakimade
asi ft omov eagai n,now f eel i
ngaf raidofher ,asi ft hei ntensegl arei nherey eswoul d
dest royhi m.Hewant edt oshakeof fthatpowershenowexer cisesov erhi m ont hisaltar
ofsacr i
fice.Butherexci t
ementwasgr owi ngt oabr eakingpoi ntandshespoket ohim,
forcingher sel ft obecal m.Anot eofdef i
anceandchal l
engewasdi scer nibl
ei nt hev oice.
AndWai yaki sawt hatshehadbeencr ying.
“Don’ tr unaway ,teacher ,
”shesai d.
Apl easantshockwentt hroughWai yakiandmadehi sbodyhotwi thdesi re.She
hadact ual lycal ledhi m“ Teacher ”,anamenof ollowerofJoshuawoul dcal lhim.Was
ther eamocki ngl aught eri nt hev oice?Hecoul dnott ell.Hewai t
edf orherpat ient l
y.
“Wher ear ey ougoi ng? ”sheaskedhi m whenshehadcr ossedt heriv er.Wai yaki
feltconf used.Thequest i
onwr ungt het ruthoutofhi m.Hehadwant edt ogor oundand
sitinapl acewher ehecoul dwat cht hemeet i
ngatadi stancei nthehopeofseei ngher .
“Iwasj ustwal king.Il i
ket her i
v er, t
hebushandt het rees. ”
“Iam goi ngt ot hemeet i
ng. ”
“It houghty ouwoul dal readybet here.I twasasur pr i
set oseey ou.”
“I-
Ijustwant edt opasst hroughher e.”Apause.Thenshel aughed, al ittlenerv ously.“You
see, Ial sol iket her i
v er,thebushandt het rees.Thati smyf av ourit
espot .
”
“Doy ouof t
encomeher e?”
“Somet imesIdo.Notv er yof ten.”Wai yakiwasqui et .Anot hersi lencef ellbet ween
them.Hi swhol ebodywasonf i
re.“ Mysi st erwasi nitiatedt her e,
”shesai dabr upt l
y.She
madehi mf eel guilty.
“Youst i
llrememberher .”
“HowcanIf orgether ?Il ov edher .”
“Wer ey ouonl yt woi ny ourf ami ly? ”
“Yes, nowIam al one. ”
“Iam al soal onei nmyf ami l
y.Al lmysi st
er sar emar ri
ed.They oungest , whom I
l
ov edmost , diedal ongt imeago.Iwast heny oung_ ”
Ny ambur af eltpl easedbecauseoft hisexchangeofconf idence.Wai y aki didnot
knowwhatel set osay .
“Youwi ll bel at ef orthemeet ing.”
Shedi dnotmov e.Thenqui etly ,asi fspeaki ngtoher sel f,shesai d,“ shewasbr ave.Do
your ememberher ?”
“Ido, alway s.”
“Herl astwor ds. ”
“Yes…. .”

1. Pl
acetheexcerpti
nitsi
mmediatecontext
2. I
dent
ifyandexplai
ntwothemespresentintheexcer
pt
3. Whatancientpr
ophecymenti
onedinthepassagewer er
eveal
edt
oWai
yaki
byhi
s
father
?
4. Stateonecharact
ertr
aitofeachofthet
wochar
act
ers,Wai
yaki
and
Nyambuaasr eveal
edthisexcer
pt.

Waiy
aki
Nyambur
a
5.Whydoyouthi
nkNy
ambur
awaspr
ayi
ngher
e?
 6.Expl
ainthemeani ngofthefoll
owingasusedinthepassage
i
)Appariti
on……
ii
)Propiti
ate……
i
ii
)Discerni
ble.
7.Butthedryrackofabr okentwigbetr
ayedhim.Repl
acetheunderl
i
nedwor
ds
wi
tha
phrasalv er
b.
8.Stat
eanyt hreereasonswhythetradi
ti
onal
istsr
esent
edt hewhi
teman

9.St
atet
woot
heri
nst
ances,
Wai
yaki
hasmetNy
ambur
a

6. Readt heexcer ptbel owandanswert hequest i

onst hatf oll
ow: -
“ Mugowasbor nandgr ew upi nKamenobef orehewentt ot ellpeopl ewhathe
saw.Forhesawmanybut t erflies,ofmanycol our s,flyaboutov ert he l and,di sr upting
thepeaceandt heor der edl ifeoft hecount ry.Thenhecr iedal oudandsai d:‘thereshal l
comeapeopl ewi thcl ot hesl ikebut terf
li
es…’ peopl edi dn’ t bel iev ehi m.Someev en
pour edscor nonhi m,laughi ngathi m,f ortheysai d:‘ hei snotwel l
.’andt heywoul dnot
l
istent ohi sv oice, whichwar nedt hem:‘ beware! ’Theseerwasr eject edbypeopl eoft he
ri
dges.Theygav ehi m nocl ot hesandnof ood.Hebecamebi tterandhi dhi msel fref using
tot ellt hem mor e.Hewentbey ondt hehi l
ls,tot hewor ldy onder ,t hewhol eext entof
Gikuy ul and.Hewasnoty etexhaust edandt her espoket hemessageev enl ouder .St i
l
l
theyl aughedandpour edscor nonhi m.Her et heyt houghthi m dead.Butdi sgui sedhe
camebackher eandset tled. ”
Chegepausedf orawhi l
easi ftogat herhi sbreat h.Hi sey esshoneasi fwi thinnerpower
andt hensl owl yhesai d:
“ Wear ehi sof f
spr ing.Hi sbl oodf l
owsi ny ourv ei
ns. ”Wai yakist oodasi fdumb.
Theknowl edget hathehadi nhi m,t hebl oodoft hi sfamousseer ,whohadbeenabl eto
seet hef ut ur e,f il
ledhi m wi thanacut esenseofwonder .Hecoul dnotspeak;t heonl y
wor dwhi chescapedhi m was, “Ha! ”hi sf atherwasst il
l speaki ng:
“Hedi edher e.Ourf athersdonotknow wher ehi sgr av ei s.Butsomesayt hathewas
car ri
edupbyMur ungu. ”
Chegest oppedandsl owl yt urnedt oWai y aki.Wai yaki tr
embl edf r
eel y.
“Iseey ouf ear.Youmustl ear nt of i
ghtf ear…f ear …Itwasnotonl yMugowhom t hey
rejected.WhenIt oldt hem aboutSi ri
ana, t
heywoul dnotl i
st en.”
Fort hef i
r stt i
me,Wai yakif el tr eal
lyf r
ight ened.Unknownt er rorgr ippedhi m.He
f oughtwi thi t.
“Nodoubty ouwonderwhyIt ellyoual lthi
s…”
Wai yakiwant edt ocr yout :“ don’ tt ellmemor e.Idon’ twantt ohearmor e.No!No!No!
Fat her!”inst eadheonl ywhi sper ed
“ Ye-es! ”
“ Youar et hel astinourl ine.”
Wai yakif eltasi faheav ycl oudwaspr essi ngdownonhi ssoulandhef el
ta
strangesensat i
onofsuspensi oni nhi sst omach.I twasasi fsomet hing, apr esent iment ,
wasmov ingt owar dhim wi thal lspeedandhewaspower l
esst oprev enti t.
“Sitdown. ”hi sf at herspokegent l
y.
Wai yaki ’
sl egshadbegunt ol osest rengt handsankont ot hegr ass.
“Youar et ired, ”Chegesai dashemov ednearhi sson.
Wai yakist oppedt rembl ingandhat edhi msel ff orshowi ngf ear.Cheger epeat ed
slowl y.
“ Yousee,whenMugobecamebi tt
erher ef usedt ot ellthem mor e.”Chegemade
anot herpause. Hi sf aceandey eswer esetasi fhewast ry i
ngt or ecallsomet hi
ngl ong-
forgot ten.Hewasnowst andi ngj ustbehi ndWai yaki .Hebentdownandt ouchedhi sson
 ont heshoul der.Wai yakir ealizedt hathi sfat her ’
shandwast rembl i
ngsl ightly
.Chege
wi t
hdrewhi shandqui cklyandt henwi thal oudt remor .Inhisv oicewenton:
“
Now,l i
stenmyson.Li st encar ef
ul l
y;fort hisist heanci entpr ophecy …Icoul dnot
domor e.Whent heWhi temancomeandf i
xedhi msel fi nSir i
ana.Iwar nedal lthepeopl e.
Butt heylaughedatme.MaybeIwashast y ;perhapsIwasnott heone.Mugoof tensai d
youcoul dnotcutt hebut terfli
eswi t
hapanga.Youcoul dnotspeart hem unt ilyoul earn
andknowt heirway sofmov ement .Theny oucoul dtrap, youcoul dfightback.Bef orehe
died,hewhi sper edt ohi ssont heprophecy ,t heanci entpr ophecy :‘
Sal vati
onshal lcome
from thehi ll
s.Fr om thebl oodt hatf l
owsi nme, Isayf rom t hesamet ree, asonshal lr
ise
andhi sdut yshal lbet ol eadandsav et hepeopl e!’hesai dnomor e.Few knew t he
prophecy .Per hapsKabony i
,whohasbet rayedt het ri
be, knowsabouti t.Iam ol d,myt i
me
i
sgone.Remembert haty ouar et helastint hisl i
ne.
“
Arise.Heedt hepr ophecy .Got ot hemi ssi onpl ace.Lear nal lthewi sdom andal l
thesecr etsoft hewhi teman.Butdonotf oll
owhi sv i
ces.Bet ruet oy ourpeopl eandt he
ancientrites.”
“
Fat her…”Wai yakical ledoutwhenhehadr ecov eredf rom t heshock.Hef eltweak
andsmal l
; hedidnotknowwhathewant edt osay .
“
Yougot here.It ellyouagai n,learnal lthewi sdom oft hewhi teman.Andkeepon
remember ing,sal vati
onshal lcomef rom t hehi ll
s.Amanmustr iseandsav et hepeopl e
i
nt heirhourofneed.Heshal l showt hem t heway ;heshal l
leadt hem. ”
“
But …but …theydon’ tknowme, Iam achi ldandt heyr eject edMugo…”
“Letthem dowhatt heyl ike.At imewi l
lcome- Icanseei tcomi ng- whent heyshal lcryfor
asav iour…”

a) Whatbecomessubsequenttotheaccountoft
hisexcer
pt?
b) Repl
acethei
diomat
icexpressi
oninthefoll
owi
ngsentencewi
thonewor
d:-
…”
pouredscor
n’…
c) I nnoteform, wri
teoutphr ases/sentencesint heexcerptthatpointtobibl
icalall
usi
on
d) Whati magei susedi ntheexcer ptandwhatdoesi tr
efert o?
e) Whathappenedt oMugowaKi birowhenhedi ed?
f) Useanappr opr i
atecor r
el at
iveconj unctiont ojointhefollowingsent ences:-
i)Hef eltweakandsmal l.Hedi dnotknowwhathewant edt osay
ii
)Peopl edidnotbel ievehi m.Someev enpour edscor nonhi m
g)Descri
bet hechar acteroffat herandsoni nt hisexcerptinr elati
ontot hepr ophecy
.
i
)Chege
i
i)Waiyaki
h) Hedi edher e.Ourf at
her sdonotknowwher ehi sgraveis
(Useaconj unctionofcont rasttojointhet wosent encesandomi ttheuseof‘ i
s’
i
) Whatr easondoesWai y
aki ’
sfathergi vet oreassurehi m nott ofear?
j
) Chegest oppedandsl owlyt urnedtoWai yaki addanappr
( opri
atequest i
ont ag)

7. Readt heextr
actbel owandanswert hequest i
onst hatf oll
ow:-
WhenWai yakibegant ospeakagai nhef elthappy .Thi
swast hemomentt opush
hisplanst hr
ough.Hespokequi etl
y;clearly,theel ationofspeaki ngt oal argecr owd
makinghi mf eelli
ght.Hebr i
eflyout l
inedhi splansf orMar i
oshion.Ther oofneededt in;
thechildr
enneededdesks,penci ls,papersandt henmanymor eschoolshadt obebui lt
.
Mor eteacher
shadt obeempl oyed.Hesatdown, fear i
ngt hathehadnotmadehi spoi nt
clear
.Buttheappl ausethatgreetedhi ml efthim wi thnodoubtaboutt hereceptionofthe
shortspeech.
Amomentt oosoonKabony iwasonhi sf eet.Hedi dnotsmi l
ebutl ookeddef i
antly
aroundhim.Thebat tl
ewason.Hewasol dbuthi sv oicewasgoodandst eady.Besides
heknewhi saudiencewel landknewwhatt oappealt o.Hecoul dspeaki npr over
bsand
ri
ddles,andnot hingcoul dappealmor et ot heel der s,whost il
lappreciatedasubt le
proverbandwi t
tyriddl
es.Kabony iagainknew hi sl imi t
s.Hedi dnotwantt obr ingtoo
manyi ssuestogether.Sohedeci dedt oleavet heJoshuaaf fai
randcomet oitlat
erasa
 fi
nalblow.
Heremindedthem ofthepovertyofthel and.Thedr ymonthhadleftthepeopl e
withnothi
ngt oeatandtheexpectedharvestwoul dnoty ieldmuch.Het ouchedont he
l
andt akenbythewhiteman.Het al
kedofthenewt axesbei ngimposedont hepeopleby
theGov er
nmentPostnow i nthemidst.Andi nsteadofWai yakil
eadi
ngpeopleagai nst
thesemor eimmediateil
l
s,hewast al
ki
ngofmor ebuil
dings.Wer epeoplegoingtobe
burdenedwithmorebuil
dings?Withmor eteachers?Andwast hewhit
eman’ seducation
real
lynecessar
y?Surel
ytherewasnowayout .

Itwasbet tert odr iveawayt hewhi temanf r

om t hehi l
lsaltoget her.Wer et he
peopl eaf raid?Wer et herenowar riorsl eftint het ri
be?He,Kabony i,woul dl eadt hem.
Thatwaswhyhehadf ormedt henewKi ama.Hewoul dr idt hecount ryoft hei nfluenceof
thewhi teman.Hewoul drest oret hepur i
t yofthet r
ibeandi t swi sdom.
“Ordoy out hinkt heeducat ionofourt ribe,theeducat i
onandwi sdom whi chy ou
allrecei ved,i sinanywaybel ow t hatoft hewhi teman? ”Hechal l
engedt hepeopl e,
appeal ingt ot hei
rpr ide,tot hemanhoodi nt hem andt ot heirl oyaltytot hesoi l
.“ Donotbe
l
edbyay outh.Didt het ailev erl eadt hehead, thechi ldt hef atherort hecubst hel i
on? .
”
Af ewpeopl eapplauded.Andt hent her ewassi lence.( Kabony itoohadst i
rredsomet hi
ng
int heirhear t
s) .Soont heybegant ot alk.Somesawal otoft ruthi nwhatKabony i
hadsai d.Theyknewt heywer enotcowar ds.Andsur el yitwaseasi ert odr iveawayt he
whi t
emanandr etur nt otheol dway s!Butot hers,especi allyt hey oungpeopl e,wer eon
Wai yaki’s side.Wai yakihi msel fwas hur t
.Kabony ihad t ouched on sor e spot ,the
quest ionofy outh.WhenWai y akist oodupagai nt heol ddef i
ancecameback.The
cour aget hathadmadehi mf amousamongt heboy sofhi sr i
ikawasnow wi thhi m.At
fi
rsthej ustlookedatt hepeopl eandhel dt hev oiceofhi sfat her .
No–i twasl i
ket hev oiceoft hegr eatGi kuyusofol d.Her eagai nwast hesav i
our,
theonewhosewor dst ouchedt hesoul soft hepeopl el i
st enedandt hei rhear tsmov ed
witht hev ibrati
onofhi sv oice.Andhe,l ikeashepher dspeaki ngtohi sf l
ock,av oided
wor dst hatmi ghtbei nsulti
ng.I nanycase,howcoul dher epudi ateKabony i
’
sar gument ?
Wai yaki toldthem t hathewast heirson.
Theyal lwerepar ents.Hedi dnotwantt ol ead.Theel derswer et heret ogui deand
l
eadt hey out h.
Andt hey out hhadt ol i
st en.Al lhewant edwast oser vet her idges,t oser v ethe
hil
ls.Unl esst hepeopl eheededhi swor dsandpl ans,t her idgeswoul dl oset heirf ormer
dignityandwoul dbel eftadi stancebehi ndt hecount rybey ond……. .

a) Whathadi nterr
upt edhi sspeech?
b) Whatact ionsdi dWai yaki wanttopusht hrough?
c) i)Thebat tl
ewason………. .Whatbat tl
ei sbei ngr ef
err
edt o?
ii
)Whatper ti
nenti ssuesdi dKabony irai
se?
ii
i)Whydoy out hinkher aisedthesei ssues?
i
v)Whatdoest hisr eveal aboutthechar acterofKabony i
?
d) I
denti
fyanyst yli
sticdev iceempl oyedi ntheext ract.
e) WhichJoshuaaf fairisKabony it
alki
ngabout ?
f) Givethemeani ngoft hef oll
owingwor dsasi nt heextract.
i)Rid…………
i
i)Il
ls…………
g) Whatr esolutionwasmadeatt heendoft hemeet i
ng?
h) Inabout80wor ds, summar izeWai y
aki ’
sdef ensesagai nstKabony
i’
sar
gument
.
Roughdr aft

8. Readt
heexcer
ptbel
owandanswert
hequesti
onsthatf
oll
ow:-
Themoonwasalsoawake.Hergl
arewashardandlookedbr
it
tl
e.Thewhol
eri
dge
 andev erythi
ngwor eabr il
liantwhi te.Andt hel i
ttlet hingst hatint hedayappear ed
ordi
nar yseemednow t obechangedi ntoanunear t
hlinesst hatwasbot halluri
ngand
fr
ightening.Wai yakili
stenedf orvoicesi nther i
dgebuthecoul donlyhearsi l
ence.Ashe
mov edacr osst heridget hroughsmal lbushesandt rees,t hesi l
enceandt hemoon’ s
gl
areseemedt ohav ecombi nedintoonemi ghtyforcet hatbr eathedandhadl ife.Wai
yaki
wantedt ofeelatonewi t
ht hewhol ecr eat i
on, wi
tht hespi rit
sofhi ssisterandf at
her
.He
hesit
at ed.Thent heoppressi oninhi m gr ew anddesi r
et otalkwi t
hsomeonemount ed.
Thebr ightnessoft hemoonseemednowsof tandt angi bleandhey i
eldedtot hemagi c.
AndWai yakithrustouthi sar msandwant edt ohol dt hemooncl oset ohi sbreast
becausehewassur eshewasl i
steningandhewant edhercol dbreathnearhim.Nowhi s
muscl esandev eryt
hingabouthi sbodyseemedt ov ibratewi thtautness.

Agai nhewasr estl

essandt hey earningcamebackt ohi m.I tfill
edhi m andshook
hiswhol ebei ngsot hathef el
tsomet hi ngi nhi m woul dbur st .Year ning.Yearning.Was
l
ifeallay ear ningandnosat isfaction?Wasonet oliv east rangehol lownesspur suingone
l
ikeamal ignantbeastt hatwoul dnotl etoner est ?Wai y akicoul dnotknow.Per haps
nobodycoul dev erknow.Youj usthadt obe.Wai yakiwasmadet oser vethetribe,livi
ng
daybydaywi thnot hought sofsel fbutal way sofot her s.Hehadnowf ormanyseasons
beent r
yingt odr ainhimsel fdr y
,fort hepeopl e.Yett hist hingst illpursuedhi m.
Suddenl yhet houghtheknew whathewant ed.Fr eedom.Hewant edtor un,run
hard,runev erywher eorhov erai mlessl y,wander ingev er ywher el i
keaspi rit
.Thenhe
wouldhav eev erythi
ng–ev eryf l
ower ,ev eryt ree-orhewoul df lyt ot hemoon.Thi s
seemedpossi bleandWai yakiraisedhi sey est othesky .Hi shear tbledf orher .Buthe
couldnotr un.Andhecoul dnotf ly.
Allt hiswhi l
e,Wai yakihadbeenmov ing.SoonhewasdownatHoni ar i
v er
.The
cri
cketswentonwi t
htheiri ncessantshr i
l
ling.Thequi ett hroboft her i
verechoedi nhis
heart.Hef el tcomf or t
ed.Thewat erlookedst rangeundert hemoon.Hecr ossedt her iv
er
andst artedcl imbi ngupt hesl ope,f ollowi ngt hecat tler oadt hatwoul dtakehi mt o
Joshua’sv i
llage–Makuy u.Hewoul dgot oseeKamau.I twasst rangehowKamauand
Kinuthi
a’sl ivesseemedt ober unni ngont hesamer oad,al way saf fectedbyt hesame
events.Wheny oung, t
heyusedt ot aket heirher dgr azingt oget her.
AtSi ri
ana,t heywer et ogether .Itwasonl yaf terWai yaki’
sci rcumci si
ont hatt hey
separatedf orat i
me.Kamauwasi nit
iatedaf ewmont hsaf t
ert hebr eakaway .Andnow
theywer et oget heratMar ioshoni .Forat ime,Wai yakibecamer apti nt houghts,about
Kamau, Ki nunt hiaandt heirlifeatschool .

(a) Descr i
bewhathappensaf terthisexcer pt
(
b) I dent if
yandi l
l
ust r
at eanyt wof eaturesofst yl
esusedi ntheexcer pt
(c) Rewr it
et hesent encesbel owaccor dingtot heinstruct
ionsgi venaf t
ereach:
-
(
i)Hehadnowf ormanyseasonsbeent r
yingtodr ainhimsel fdr
y ,f
orthepeopl e.
Begin:Fort hepeopl e.
..
.)
(i
i)Thecr i
cket swentonwi tht
heirincessantshr i
ll
ing.
...
..
...
..
..
..
...
..
..
(Addaquest iontag)
(
ii
i)Thequi etthroboft her i
verechoedi nhi sheart.Hef el
tcomf orted.
(combi nethet wosent encesusi ng‘which’)
(d) I nnotmor ethan25wor ds,showhowKamauandKi nuthia’sl
iveswer eaf
f ected
bythe
sameev ents.
(e) I nwhatway swasWai yakimadet oser vethetribe?
(f) I dent if
yi nst
ancesi ntheexcer ptwher enat ureseemedt obei nagr eementwith
Waiy aki
(g) Fr om y ourknowl edgeoft het ext
,whywoul dy ousayt hatKi nuthiawasat r
ue
fr
iend
t
oWai yaki?
(h) Expl ainwhati twast hatWai yaki wasy earningfor?
9. Readt heexcer ptbel owandt henanswert hequest ionst hatf ollow:
Amomentt oosoonKabony i wasonhi sf eet.Hedi dnotsmi lebutlookeddef iant l
y
aroundhi m.Thebat tlewason.Hewasol dbuthi sv oicewasgoodandst eady.Besi des,
heknewhi saudi encewel landknewwhatt oappealt o.Hecoul dspeaki npr overbsand
ri
ddles,andnot hingcoul dappealmor et ot heel der s,whost i
llappr eciatedasubt l
e
proverbandwi ttyr iddl es.Kabony iagai nknew hi sl imits.Hedi dnotwantt obr ingt oo
manyi ssuest oget her .Sohedeci dedt ol eav et heJoshuaaf f
airandcomet oitlaterasa
fi
nalblow.
Her emi ndedt hem oft hepov ertyoft hel and.Thedr ymont hshadl eftthepeopl e
withnothingt oeat .Andt heexpect edhar vestwoul dnoty iel
dmuch.Het ouchedont he
l
andt akenbyt hewhi teman.Het alkedoft henewt axesbei ngi mposedont hepeopl eby
theGov ernmentPostnowi nt heirmi dst .Andi nsteadofWai yakileadingpeopl eagai nst
thesemor ei mmedi at ei l
ls,hewast alkingofmor ebui ldings?Wi thmor et eacher s? And
wast hewhi t
eman’ seducat ionr eal l
ynecessar y?Sur elyther ewasanot herwayout .It
wasbet tertodr iveawayt hewhi t
emanf rom t hehi l
lsal together .Wer ethepeopl eaf raid?
Wer etherenowar riorsl eftint het ribe?He,Kabony i,woul dleadt hem.Thatwaswhyhe
hadf ormedt henewKi ama.Hewoul dr i
dt hecount ryoft hei nf l
uenceoft hewhi teman.
Hewoul dr estoret hepur ityoft het ribeandi tswi sdom.
“Ordoy out hinkt heeducat ionofourt ribe,t heeducat ionandwi sdom whi chy ou
allr
eceived,isinanywaybel owt hatoft hewhi teman? ”
Hechal l
engedt hepeopl e,appeal l
ingt ot heirpr ide,tot hemanhoodi nt hem andt o
thei
rloyaltytot hesoi l
.“ Donotbel edbyay out h.Didt het ailev erleadt hehead, thechi l
d
thefatherort hecubst hel ion? ”

(a)Pl acethisexcer ptini t

si mmedi atecont ext
(b)Howi sKabony i’
sat ti
tudet owar dsWai yakirevealedwi t
hinandwi t
houtthi
sexcerpt?
(c)Ident i
fyandi ll
ustratet hemai nt hemeev identinthisexcerpt
(d)“ Donotbel edbyay outh”.From y ourknowl edgeoft herestofthetext
,whatwer e
Kabony i
’sot heraccusat ionsagai nstWai yaki?
(e)Descr ibethechar acterofKabony i aspor tr
ay edint hi
sextract
(f)“Wer epeopl egoi ngt obebur denedwi thmor ebuildings?(Re-wri
tethesentence
begi
nning:
Peopl e ...
..
...
..
.)
(g)Expl ai
nt heironyi nthisst atement :“ I
twasbet t
ert odriv
eawayt hewhitemanf rom
thehi
ll
s
al
together .
..
..
.HeKabony i
,woul dleadt hem”
(h)Innot ef orm, wri
tet hespeechdel iv eredbyKabony i t
othepeople
(i)From y ourknowl edgeoft het ext,whoi sNgany ir
a?

10. UJNSEENTEXT–TheRi v erBet ween

Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequesti
onst hatfoll
ow:
Justthen, anot herboycamer unni
ngfrom agroupofcowsadi stanceaway.
“Stopfighti
ng!”heshout edbr eathlesslyashest oodneart hepair.Kamaust opped,but
hest i
ll
satonKi nut hia.“Whyar ey ouf i
ghti
ng?”
“Hecal l
edmenames, ”answer edKamau
“Heisal iar.Hel aughedatmebecausemyf at
herdiedpoorand…. .”
“Heis! ”
“Youbeggar .”
“You………. .y ou…………”
Kamau became f urious.He began t o pinch Ki nut
hia.Ki nut
hialooked
appealingl
ytot heot herboy .“ Pleasest opthis,Kamau.Di dn’twesweart hatweoft he
hil
lswer ecomr ades? ”Hef elthel pless.I
twast hedayear li
ert hattheyhadswor ntobe
brothers.
“WhatdoIcar eaboutcomr adeswhoi nsultmyf at
her? ”askedKamau.
 “Iwil
ldoi tagain,”r
etortedKi nuthiabet
weent ears.“Donow. ”
“Iwil
l.
”
“Try!
”
KamauandKi nut hiabegant ostruggle.Theboyf eltanirr
esisti
bleurget o
fal
lonKamau;hepul ledabl adeofgr assandbegant ochewi tquickl
y,hisey esdilat
ing
withrageandf ear .
“Kamau, ”hebur stout
Thet r
emori nt heboy ’
sv oicesentaqui veroffearupKamau.Hequi cklylookedup
andmett hebur nteyes,grazingathi m.Meeklyheobey edtheunspokencommand.But
hisfacewent ashadedar kert hannor mall
ywas.Hesl unkaway, f
eel
inghumi li
atedand
hati
nghi mselff orsubmi t
ti
ng.Ki nuthiastoodunsteadil
yandl ookedgratefull
yatt heboy.
Theboykeptonl ower i
nghi sface,gazi ngatthesamespotf eel
ingofpr i
deandt ri
umph
hehadsuddenl ysubsi dedtooneofr egretathavingdonet hattohim.Per hapsi tmight
havefeltbetterifKamauhadst ucki toutandhehadt ouset oremov ehim.

a)Whathappensj ust
i)Beforet hisext r
act
(
2mks)
ii
)Aftert hisextract
(
2mks
b)Identifythemai nstyl
i
sticdeviceusedi nthepassageandsayhowef fect
iveiti
s
(
4mks)
c)Howr elevantist hemainev entint heaboveextr
acttotherestoft
henov el
?
(
4mks)
d)DiscussWai y
aki ’
srol
eandchar acterasbroughti
nthispassage
(
4mks)
e)Ill
ustrateonet hemethatissuggest edint
heabov eexcer
pt
(
4mks)
f)“Perhapsi tmi ghthavefeltbetterifKamauhadst uckitout
.”
Rewr
( i
tethissentencebegi nning:Had………..) (2mks)
g)Inabout40wor dsoutli
nether eactionsofKamauandWai yakiasseeninthelast
paragraph (5mks)

11. Readt hef ollowingcompr ehensi onpassageandanswert hequest i

onst hatfoll
ow
Themoonwasal soawake.Hergl ar ewashar dandl ookedbr it
tle.Thewhol er i
dge
andev erythingwor eabr illiantwhi te.Andt hel it
tl
et hingst hati nt hedayappear ed
ordinar yseemednow t obechangedi ntoanunear thlinesst hatwasbot halluringand
fri
ght ening.Wai yakilistenedf orv oicesont her i
dgebuthecoul donl yhearsi l
ence.Ashe
mov edacr osst her i
dge,t hr oughsmal lbushesandt rees,t hesi lenceandt hemoons
glareseemedt ohav ecombi nedi ntoonemi ghtyforcet hatbr eat hedandhadl if
e.
Wai y akiwant edt of eelatonewi t
ht hewhol ecr eation, witht hespi ri
tsofhi ssi ster
andf ather.Hehesi tated.Thent heoppr essioni nhim gr ew andt hedesi ret otal kwi th
someonemount ed.Thebr ight nessoft hemoonseemednow sof tandt angibleandhe
yieldedt ohi smagi c.AndWai y aki thr
ustouthi sar msandwant edt ohol dthemooncl ose
tohi sbr eastbecausehewassur eshewasl i
steningandhewant edhercol dbreat hnear
him.Nowhi smuscl esandev er ythingabouthi sbodyseemedt ov i
br atewi thtautness.
Agai nhewasr est l
essandt heyear ningcamebackt ohi m.I tfil
ledhi m andshook
hiswhol ebei ngsot hathef el tsomet hingi nhi m woul dbur st.Year ni
ng!Year ni
ng!Was
l
ifeal lay ear ningandnosat isf action?Wasonet oliveast rangehol lownesspur suingone
l
ikeamal i
gnantbeastt hatonecoul dnotev erknow.Youhadj ustt obe.Wai yakiwas
madet oser vethet ribe,li
v ingdaybydaywi t
hnot hought sofsel fbutal way sofot hers.
Hehadnowf ormanyseasonsbeent ryingt odr ainhimsel fdr y,fort hepeopl e.Yett his
thingst il
lpur suedhi m
Suddenl yhet houghtheknew whathewant edf r
eedom.Hewant edt or un,run
har drunany wher e.Orhov erai ml essly,wander i
ngev erywher elikeaspi rit
.Thenhewoul d
 haveev erything-ev er
yf lower,everytree-orhecoul dflytothemoon.Thi sseemed
possibleandWai yakiraiseduphi seyest othesky .Hisheartbl
edf orher.Buthecould
notrun.Andhecoul dnotf l
y.
Allthiswhi l
e,Waiy akihadbeenmov i
ng.SoonhewasatHoni ariv
er.Thecricket
s
wentonwi tht hei
rincessantshril
l
ing.Thequi ett
hroboft heri
verechoedinhishear t
.He
fel
tcomf ort
ed.Thewat erlookedst r
angeundert hemoon.Hecr ossedt heriv
erand
begancl i
mbi ngupt heslope,foll
owingt hecattl
er oadthatwouldtakehimt oJoshua’s
vil
l
age–Makuy u.Hewoul dgoandseeKamau.I twasst r
angehowhi sli
feandKamau’ s
andKi nuthi
a’sseemedt ober unni
ngont hesamer oad.

a) “ Themoonwasal soawake. ”Whoel sewasawakeandwhy ?

b) Commentont heuseofanyt hree(3)featuresofsty
leintheexcer
pt
c) Ident
if
yandi l
lustratethedomi nantt hemeev i
denti nt
heexcerpt
d) “ Itwasst r
angehowhi sli
feandKamau’ sandKi nut
hia’
sseemedt ober unni
ngon
thesamer oad………” Ref erri
ngt otherestofthestory,
explai
nthetruthofthi
s
statement
e) “ Wai y
aki li
stenedf orvoi
cesont heri
dgesbuthecoul donlyhearsil
ence.”Rewri
te
thissent encebeginning:Listening
f) Whathappensi mmedi atelyaf t
erthisexcerpt
g) Wr i
tedownwor dswhi chhav ethesamepr onunci
ati
onwi t
hthefoll
owingwor ds
h) Expl ainthemeani ngofthef oll
owingwor dsandphr asesusedintheexcerpt
i
)Br it
tl
e-
i
i)Year ning-
i
ii)Hey ieldedtohermagi c–
i
v )Hishear tbledforher–

12. Readt hef ollowi ngpassageandanswert hequest ionst hatf oll

ow:
“Amanshal lri
seandsav ethepeopl ei ntheirhourofneed. ”Washet hatsav i
our?
Washet hepr omi sedoneorhadChege’ smi ndbeenr oving?Howwoul dhesav et hem?
Chegehadpl acedabur denonhi sshoul ders,abur denhar dt ocar ry .A sav i
ourdi d
somet hingbi g, somet hi
ngt hathadpowert ochanget hel ivesoft hepeopl e.Asav i
ourdi d
somet hing st artli
ng,at hi ngt hathappenedsosuddenl yoneni ghtt hatnobodycoul d
resistitspower .Whathadhehi msel fdone?
Butnow hewant edanoppor t
uni t
yt oshoutwhatwasoppr essinghi smi nd.He
woul del lthepeopl e:“uni t
e. ”Thatwoul dbeear l
ynexty ear .Foramomenthedr eamtt he
dream.I twasamoment aryv isiont hatf l
ashedacr osshi smi ndandseemedt ol i
ghtt he
dar kcor nersofhi ssoul.I twast hev isionofapeopl ewhocoul dt rustoneanot her ,who
woul d si tsidebysi de, singi ngt hesong ofl ovewhi chhar moni zedwi thmusi cf r
om t he
birds,and al lt heirhear ts woul dbeatt other hythm oft het hrobbi ngr i
v er.The chi l
dren
woul dpl ayt her e,jumpi ng f rom t her ockont or ock,spl ashi ng t hewat erwhi chr eached
fathersandmot herssi tti
ngi nt heshadear ound, t
alking, wat ching.Bi rdssangast hey
hov eredf r
om t reet ot ree,whi l
ef ar t
herouti nt hef or estbeast s ont he l andci r
cled
around…I nt he mi dstoft hisNy ambur awoul d st and.Thechi l
drenwoul dcomet oher
andshewoul dt alktot heel der s.Thebi rdst ooseemedt ol istenandev ent hebeast s
stoppedmov i
ngandst oodst ill
.Anda song r ose st i
rringt hehear tofal l,andt hei
r
l
ongi ngf oranewl if
ei nt hef ut urewasr eflectedint hedar key esofNy ambur a.
Hest retchedhi shandsandwant edt otouchhert rembl ingf igur easshel edt hem
i
ntot hi ssong.Andt henhesaw t hatt hehandsoft heot herpeopl e,i ncludingJoshua,
wer est retchedt owar dsher .Foramomenthest oodst ill
,f ascinat edbyt hesi ght.And
thenhor rorcaughthi m.Theywer eal lpulli
ngheri ntopi eces,asi fshewer eat hingof
sacr i
ficet ot hegodoft her iver,whi chst i
llflowedwi thl if
east heycommi tt
edt hi
s
out r
ageonher .And he t oohadj oined t he crowdand hewast ear ing hert ohi mself
and she di d notcr youtbecauseshewasdumb.Thenhesawt hati twasMut honi ,and
shewast hrowni ntother i
v erandshewassay i
ng, “Iam awomannow. ”Ther ivercar ri
ed
herwi thi tintoadar knesswhi chnoonecoul df athom.Wai y aki’shear tcr iedandheknew
thatshewasnott here.Shehadgone.Andev eryonet urnedaway ,notspeaki ngt oone
 anotherbecauset heyfel
tgui l
ty.Theyav ert
edt heireyesf r
om Wai yaki
,theTeacheras
theypassedhi m.Atl astheasl eftalone.Hedi dnotknow whet herheshoul dfoll
ow
Muthoniort hecrowd.Nyambur anowst oodi nf rontofhi m.Af l
ashofj oydr ovethegui l
t
awayandhewentf orwardtot ouchher .Shewoul dnotl ethim.AndWai yakiwant edt o
remonstratewithherandr emindhert hatonet i
ewhenshehadal lowedhi mt oholdher
i
nhi sarms.Buther emember edt hatNy ambur ahadnotagr eedtomar ryhi m.Whydi d
sherefuse?Becauseshewoul dnotdi sobeyaf ather?Yes.Thatwast hewor dobedi ence.
Andbecauseshewasobedi enthehadl osther .For ever.andhi sy earni
ng woul dgoon,
on,ont i
llhedied.Deathwast heendofev er
ything.Hewasaboutt oopenhi smout hand
tel
lhert hatJoshua had led t he cr owd i nt earing hert o pieces. Then Wai yaki
remember edthathe t oohad chosen t hecr owd,had acceded t ot he r
itualdemands
ofthe tri
beand hadshedherbl ood.Gui ltwei ghedonhi m.Thedar knesst erri
fi
edhi m.
Hewant edt oscream inhorrorofhimsel f.Hehadf ail
edt otellpeoplet ouni te.Another
ti
me.Anextt i
me.Andhewokeupst i
ll pant i
ng, nextt i
me.

a) Placethi
sextr
acti
nitsi
mmedi at
econt ext
b) I
denti
fyandstatet
heeff
ectivenessofanyt wofeat
uresofstyl
einthepassage
c) Howdot hefol
lowi
ngcharacterscontr
ibutetoWaiyaki
’sdownfal
l
:
i
)Kabonyi
i
i)Chege
d) I
nsummar yofabout50wor ds,stat
einwhatway sthisvi
sioni
sar ef
lect
ionof
what
happensl at
erint henov el
e) Givethr
eer easonswhyWai yakicouldnotunitetheri
dge
f) Hestretchedhi shandsandwant edtotouchhert r
emblingf
igur
easshel
edt
hem
i
ntot hi
ssong ( Begi
n:……Notonl y
………. .)
g) Cit
eanot herincidentwhereWaiy akiseesav i
sion
h) Identi
fyandi ll
ustrateanyonethemebr oughtouti
nthisext
ract

13. Readt
hecompr
ehensi
onbel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow (
25mks)

“Mugowasbor nandgr ew upi nKamenobef orehewentt ot ellpeopl ewhathe

saw.Forhesawmanybut terfli
es,ofmanycol our s,flyi
ngaboutov ert hel anddi srupt
ing
thepeaceandt heor der edl i
feoft hecount ry
.Thenhecr iedaloudandsai d:“Thereshal l
comeapeopl ewi thcl othesl ikebut t
erfli
es...
.”Peopl edi dnotbel iev ehi m.Someev en
pouredscor nonhi m,laughi ngathi m,f ort heysai d:‘ Hei snotwel l.
’Andt heywoul dnot
l
istent ohisv oice,whi chwar nedt hem:‘ Bewar e!’theseerwasr ej
ect edbyt hepeopl eof
ther i
dges.Theygav ehi m nocl othesandnof ood.Hebecamebi tterandhi dhi mself,
refusi
ngt ot ellthem mor e.Hewentbey ondt hehi ll
s,t ot hewor l
dy onder ,thewhol e
extentofGi kuy ul and.Hewasnoty etexhaust edandt herespoket hemessageev en
l
ouder .St i
llt heyl aughedandpour edscor nonhi m.Her etheythoughthi m dead.But
disguisedhecamebackher eandset tl
ed. ”
Chegepausedf orawhi leasi ftogat herhi sbr eath.Hi seyesshoneasi fwi t
hinner
powerandt hensl owl yhesai d.“Wear ehi soffspr i
ng.Hi sbl oodf l
owsi nourv eins.”
Waiy akist oodasi fdumb.Theknowl edget hathehadi nhi mt hebl oodoft hi
s
famousseer ,whohadbeenabl et oseet hef uture,f i
lledhi m withanacut esenseof
wonder .Hecoul dnotspeak;t heonl ywor dwhi chescapedhi m was, “Ha! ”hisf at
herwas
stil
lspeaki ng:“ Hedi edher e.Ourf at hersdonotknowwher ehisgr av ei s.Butsomesay
thathewascar riedup; byMur ungu. ”
Chegest oppedandsl owlyt urnedt oWai y aki.Wai yakitr
embl edf reely.“Iseey ou
fear.Youmustl ear nfirstfear. ..
fear...
.Itwasnotonl yMugowhom t heyr ejected.WhenI
toldthem aboutSi ri
ana, theywoul dnotl isten.”
Fort hef ir
stt i
me,Wai yakif eltreallyfright ened.Unknownt errorgr ippedhi m.He
foughtwi t
hi t.“Nodoubty ouwonderwhyIt elly oual lt hisWai y
akiwant edt ocryout :
“Don’tt el
lmemor e.Idon’ twantt ohearmor e.No!No!No,Fat her !”.Insteadheonl y
 whisper ed.
“Yes-es! ”
“Youar et hel astinourl i
ne.”Wai yakif eltasi faheav ycl oudwaspr essingdown
onhi ssoulandhef eltast rangesensat ionofsuspensi oninhi sst omach.I twasasi f
somet hing,a pr esent i
ment ,was mov ing t owar ds hi m wi th al lspeed and he was
power l
esst opr ev entit.“Sitdown, ”hisf atherspokegent ly.
Wai yaki’
sl egshadal r
eadybegant olosest r
engt handhesankont ot hegr ass.
“Youar et iredper haps, “Chegesai dashemov ednearhi sson.
Waiy akist oppedt rembl ingandhat edhi msel ff orshowi ngf ear .Cheger epeat edsl owly:
“Yousee, whenMugobecamebi tt
er,her efusedt ot ellt
hem mor e.”Chegemadeanot her
pause.Hi sfaceandey eswer esetasi fhewast r
yingt orecallsomet hingl ong- forgotten.
Hewasnow st andi ngj ustbehi ndWai yaki.Hebentdownandt ouchedhi ssonont he
shoul der .Wai yakir ealizedt hathisf ather ’shandwast r
embl i
ngsl ight l
y .Chegewi thdrew
hishandqui cklyandt henwi thal oudt remori nhi sv oi
cewenton:“ Now,l istenmyson.
List
encar ef ul
ly,fort hisi stheanci entpr ophecy .
..Icoul dnotdomor e.Whent hewhi te
man cameandf i
xedhi msel finSi ri
ana, Iwar nedal lthepeopl e.Butt heyl aughedatme.
MaybeIwashast y.Per hapsIwasnott heoneMugoof t
ensai dy oucoul dnotcutt he
butterflieswi t
hapanga.Youcoul dnotspeart hem unt ilyoul ear ntandknewt heirway s
andmov ement .Theny oucoul dtrap, y
oucoul df i
ghtback. ”Bef or ehedi ed,hewhi spered
tohissont hepr ophecy ,theanci entpr ophecy :‘sal
v ati
onshal lcomef rom t hehi ll
s.From
thebl oodt hatf lowsi nme,Isayf rom t hesamet r
ee,asonshal lrise.Andhi sdut yshal l
bet ol eadandsav et hepeopl e!Hesai dnomor e.Few knew t hepr ophecy .Per haps
Kabony i,who hasbet r
ay ed the tribe,knowsabouti t.Iam ol d,myt ime i sgone.
Remembert haty ouar et helastint hisline.
“Ar i
se.Heedt hepr ophecy .Got ot heMi ssionpl ace.Lear nal lthewi sdom andal l
thesecr etesoft hewhi teman.ButWai yaki di
sr egardedhi sfather ’sadv ice.

(a)Wher ewasMugobor nandwhatdoesi trepresent ? (

2mks)
(b)Whoar ethosepeopl ewi t
hcl otheslikebut t
erfl
ies? (
2mks)
(c)Whydi dtheseerbecomebi tterandhi dhi mself? (
3mks)
(d)“Wear ehisof fspring.Hi sbl oodf lowsi ny ourveins”.Rewri
teiti
nr eportedspeech
(
2mks)
(e)Whyi sWaiyaki unabl et ospeak?
(
2mks)
(d)Accor dingtoy ourunder standingoft henov el,whichspecifi
crit
ual hadWai yaki
under gonethr oughaf ewweeksbef orethisext ract?
(2mks)
(g)Wi t
hev idencef rom t hisextract,identifytwot hemesdi scussed
(
4mks)
(h)Atwhatspeci ficpoi ntwer eChegeandWai yakiwhent hoseway swer ebeingsaid?
(
2mks)
(i)I
nwhi chwayhasKabony ibetrayedt het r
ibe?
(
2mks)
(j
)Ident i
fytwot hingst hatwer eemphasi zedi nSiri
anawhi cheventuall
yai dedthefall
ing
apar tofthepeopl eofMakuy uandKameno (
2mks)
(k)Whi chimpor tantr itualsdoesWai yaki undergot hroughintheday safterhisexcerpt
andwhati si tssi gni f
icance?

14. Readt hefoll

owingpassageandanswert hequesti
ons.
Therewasgener alunif
ormit
ybetweenal lt
hehousest hatlayscat
teredovert hi
s
ri
dge.
Theyconsist
edofr oundthatchedhutsstandingingroundsoft hreeorfour.Anat ural
hedge
sur
rounded each household.Joshua’s house was dif
fer
ent .His was a ti
n-roofed
rect
angul
ar
bui
ldi
ngstandingquit
edisti
nctl
ybyitsel
font heri
dge.Theti
nr oofwasalreadydecay i
ng
andlet
i
tr ai
nf reely ,
soont opoft heroofcoul dbeseenl i
ttl
escr apsofsacki ngt hatcov eredt he
very
badpar ts.Thebui l
di ng,st andingsodi st i
nctlyanddef iantl
y,wasper hapsani ndi cat i
on
thatt
he
oldisol at i
onofMukuy uf rom ther estoft hewor l
dwasbei ngbr okendown.
Asy et,itwast rue,not ownwasnear .Nai robiwasf ar,at ownnotknownt othe
hil
ls.Si rianawasst i
llt henear estmi ssionar ycent r
e:abi gpl acewi thhospi talsanda
fl
our i
shi ngschoolt aki ngboy sandgi r l
sf rom al loverthecount ry.Butt hemi ssi onar i
es
hadnotasy etpenet rat edi nt
ot hehi l
ls,thought heysentanumberofdi scipl
est owor k
there.Thepeopl er emai nedconser vative,loyalt ot heway soft hel and.Li vingst one
occasi onal lypai dav isittot hehi l
ls,gi vingnewl i
feandener gyt ohi sv ariousf ollower s.
Hismai nwor khowev er ,wasbei ngcar ri
edonbyJoshua.
Joshua, Nyambur a’sfather,wasnowami ddle-agedmanwhoal way spreachedi n
sharpr i
ngi ngt onest hatspokeofpowerandknowl edge.He, alongwi thaf ewot her s,had
beent hef irsttobeconv ertedt othenewf ai
t h.Hewast henay oungmanwhor anf r
om
thehillsandwentt ol i
v e
witht hewhi temani nt henewl yest ablishedmi ssion.Hef earedt her ev engeoft hehi l
ls;
the
angerofhi sf ri
ends, bet rayed.InSi ri
anahef oundasanct uaryandt hewhi teman’ spower
and
magi c.Hel earnttor eadandwr i
te.Thenewf ait
hwor kedinhi mt i
llitcamet oposseshi m
whol l
y .Her enouncedhi st ri
be’smagi c,powerandr it
ual.Het urnedt oandf eltt
hedeep
presenceoft heoneGod.Hadhenotgi vent hewhi t
emanpowerov eral l?Hel ear nedof
Jesus.
Behol d,av i
rginshal lconcei ve,
Andbearason.
Andshal lcallhisnameI mmanuel .

Her eali
sedtheignorance ofhi speopl e.Hef el
tthedept hoft hedarknessin
whicht
heyl i
ved.Hesawt hemuddywat erthr
oughwhi chtheywadedunawar eofthedir
t
andmud.Hi speopleworshippedMur ungu,Mweneny aga,Ngai .Theunerri
ngwhiteman
call
edt
heGi kuyugodtheprinceofdarkness.
I
sai
ah,t hewhit
eman’ sseer,hadpr ophesiedofJesus.Hehadt ol
doft hecoming
ofaMessiah.HadMugowaKi bi
ro,theGikuyuseer ,
ev erforetoldofsuchasav i
our?No.
Isai
ahwasgr eat
.HehastoldofJesus, t
heSav iourofthewor ld.

Thosewhorefusehi
m arethechil
drenofdar
kness;
These,
sonsanddaughtersoftheevil
one,wi
llgoto
Hell
;
Theywil
lbur
nandburnf or
evermore,worl
dunending.

Thesest r
ongwor dsfright
enedJoshuaandshookhi swhol ebody ;shookhi mt o
thev er
yroot sofhisbeing.Hebecamebapt i
zedandi twasonl yt hent hathef eltatpeace
andst oppedt rembl
ing
Hef elthappinesswhi chcutshar pintohim,i nfl
aminghi ssoul .Hehadescaped
Hell.Hefeltanewcr eat
ure.Thatisalwayswhathesai dathomeandi nchur ch.
Ifany bodyisi nChri
st,beholdhei sanew cr eatur
e.Hewasnew.Hebecamea
preacher,brave,havi
ngbeenf r
eedf r
om fear.Henol ongerf earedChegeorwhatt hehill
s
andt hei
rinhabi t
ant
swoul dsayordot ohim.Hewentbackt oMakuy uandpr eachedwi th
av ehemence andf urythatfri
ghtenedev en hi
sownol dlistener s.Fewcoul dresistthat
voice.Manycameandsomewer econv erted.Andt heyalltoget herrejoi
cedandpr aised
God.
Butsomewentbackt odrinki
ng;todanci ngt hetri
balritual,tocircumci sion.And
Joshuadaybydaygr ew inwr at
handv ehement l
ycondemnedsuchbev ai
our .Per haps
thewor dhadnott akenr oot.Joshuahimsel fwasst r
ictandobser vedthewor dt ot he
 l
ett
er.Reli
giousunif
ormit
yinhi
sownhomewasbindi
ng.Hemeantt
obeanexampl
eto
al
l,
abrightli
ghtthatwoul
dshowthe
way,arockonwhi chtheweakwoul
dst
epont
hei
rwaytoChri
st.

a) HowisJoshuadif
ferentf
rom othervill
agers? (2mks)
b) WhydoesJoshuarunawayf rom thehills? (
2mks)
c) I
dent
if
yandexplai
nanyt wot hemest hatcomeoutinthepassage.(4mks)
d) I
dent
if
yanyt wost
ylesevidentinthepassage. (4mks)
e) “
Hemeantt obeanexampl etoall
, abrightli
ghtt
hatwoul
dshowt heway
,arock
on
whicht heweakwoul dstepont heirwaytoChr i
st.
”
Withref er
encet ot heabov estatementshowt heIronyinJoshua’
slif
est
yle.(
4mks)
f) Whichchal lengesdoJoshuaf aceinhismi ssi
onofspr eadi
ngtheGospel?(2mks)
g) Writethef oll
owingsent encesi npasttense.
“Beholdav i
rgi
nshal lconceiveandbearason. ”
h) Punctuat ethefollowingsentence.
Sir
ianawasst il
lthenear estmissionar
ycent reabi gplacewithhospi
tal
sanda
f
lour
ishi
ng
schooltaki
ngboysandgi r
lsfr
om allov
erthecount
ry.
i
) Rewrit
et hef
oll
owingsentenceendingwit
hthewordoccasi
onal
l
y.
Livi
ngst
oneoccasionall
ypaidavisi
ttothehil
l
s. (
1mk)
j
) Ident
if
yanyt wocharact
ertrai
tsofJoshua.

15. Readt heexcer ptbel owandt henanswert hequest i

onst hatf ollow: -
Hecoul dnotsl eep.Thi nr aysoft hemoonpassedt hr ought hecr acksi nt hewal l
i
nt ot hehutandf el latv ar i
ousspot sont hef loor.Itwasnogoodst ar i
ngbl ankl yatt he
hazydar knessi nwhi chev eryobj ectl osti tscl earedges.Wai yakiwant edt ot alkt o
someone.Thatwaswhatoppr essedhi m:t hedesi ret oshar ehi shopes,hi sy ear nings
andl ongi ngswi t
hsomeone, hi spl ansi neducat ion.Thedesi ref orassur anceandr elease.
Twi cehehadt riedt ot el
lhi smot her ,toaskhersomet hing.Buteacht imehest oodi n
frontofherandhehear dhershakyv oice, hef oundhi msel ftalki ngofi rrelev antt hings.It
wasst ranget hatt het r
emori nherv oiceshoul dsetdoubt sdar tinginhi ssoul .
Af teral l,whatwast hel ongi ng, whatwast hesomet hingf orwhi chhey earned?Di d
heknowi thimsel f?Yett hehopesanddesi reskeptonhaunt inghi m.Theyhadf ol l
owed
him al lhi slife.
Hedi dnotwantt ot hink.Butt hought scameandf loodedhi shear t.St r
ange
chapt er sofhi sl ifeunf oldedbef orehi m.Hi sy oungsi st erwhohaddi edear lywast he
onl yper sonwi t
hwhom hehadbeeni nt i
mat e.Hehadl ov edher ,ifthatsor tofcl oseness
coul dbecal ledl ov e.Het houghthel ov edt hehi ll
sandt hei rpeopl e.Butt heydi dnotgi ve
himt hatsomet hi nghecoul dgetf rom her .Then,hehadbeenv erysmal l;manyseasons
bef orehi ssecondbi rth.Hewonder edwhyher emember edt hatt i
me.Butshewasdead.
Anddeat hwast heendofev er ything, ont hisear t
h.Af tery ouwer ebur i
ed, yout urnedi nto
aspi rit.Wai y akiwonder edi fhi ssi sterwasaspi rit.A y ounggoodspi rit.Wasshe
wat chi nghi m?Het ur nedr ound, ratherf right ened.Hef eltgui lty .
Wai y
akiwassuper sti
tious.Hebel iev edt het hingst hatt hepeopl eoft her i
dges
bel i
ev ed.Si rianaMi ssionhaddonenot hingef fecti
v et ochanget his.Hi sf atherhad
war ned hi m agai nstbei ng cont ami nat ed by t he way s oft he whi te man.Yethe
somet imeswonder ed.Wast heeducat ionhewast ryingt ospr eadi nt her idgesnota
cont ami nation?
Hewant edt osl eep.Fr om si det osi dehewr iggl edonhi sbed,t ryingt ocl osehi s
ey esandshutawayt heset hought st hatwoul dnotl ethi m al one.Het hought :Ther ei s
somet hi ngunexpl ainabl ei nt hecomi ngoft hewhi t
eman.Hehadf oundnor esi stancei n
thehi lls.Now hehadpenet ratedi ntot hehear toft hecount ry ,spr eadinghi si nfluence.
Thi sinf luencecoul dbedi srupt i
ve.Mut honihaddi edont hehi ghal taroft hisdi srupt i
on.
 Shehaddi edwi thcour age,probablystil
ltry
ingt oresolv
et heconf l
ictwi t
hininherselfin
anat t
emptt or eachthel ight.Si
nceherdeat hev er
ythi
nghadgonef rom badt owor se,
andpr obabl
yconf li
cti
ngcal l
sandl oyalt
iesstrovewi t
hinthehear tsofmany .Notmany
werelikeMut honiincour age.Wai yakiwonder edwher ehewas.Washet ryingtocr eate
orderandbringl i
ghti
nt hedar k?
Theimageofhi ssi st
er,thatofMut honiandmanyot hersf ollowedeachot her
acrosshismi ndinquicksuccessi on,
,shadowst hathadnoconcr etef or m;shadowst hat
cameandwent ;somet imesmer ging,formingnot hi
ng.Then,f oronemoment ,hisl i
fe
becameonewhi t
ebl ur.Butonl yforasecond.Thencamet hemi st,dar kwithno
defi
nit
ion.Thecl earedgesofl if
ehadgone.Hel ayst i
ll
,al i
tt
lefri
ght ened,notknowi ng
whattot hi
nkorhowt of i
ndawayout .

(a)Whathadhappenedj ustbefor ethisexcer pt

?
(3mks)
(
b)Wai yaki mentionshi ssecondbi r
th.Whati sher eferri
ngtoher e? (2mks)
(
c)Accor dingtot hi
sexcer pt,whati sthet hingthatthepeopl eoft heri
dgesbel
i
ev edin?
(2mks)
(
d)Whatdoest helastpar agraphpor trayaboutWai y
aki’simpendi ngfat
e?
(3mks)
(
e)Inaboutf ortywor ds,summar izetheef fectsbroughtaboutbyt hecomingofthewhi t
e
man
(
f)Chegesenthi sson Wai y
akit o Si ri
ana Mi ssi
on.Whatconf li
ctdidthi
sbr i
ng i
n
Waiyaki
’sli
fe?
(
g)Whatt hemei sev i
denti nthisexcer pt?
(3mks)
(
h) ‘Yet t
he hopes and desires kept on haunti
ng
him’
..
..
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
....
..
..
.
Suppl
( yanappr opriatequest iontag) (1mk)
(
i)Whatdoest hisexcer ptreveal aboutWai yaki’
schar acter
? (2mks)
(
j)Givethemeani ngofeachoft hefoll
owi ngwor dsasusedi ntheexcerpt
Yearnings..
..
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
...
...
..
..
..
...
..
..
...
..
..
..
Str
ov e..
..
..
..
..

16. EI
THER
Readt hefol l
owi ngexcer ptandanswert hequest ionst hatf oll
ow:
PETERSTOCKMANN:Ipr otestagainstt heper sonal all
usions.
DR.STOCKMANN: (imper t
urbably)—andt hat,notbecausehei sl ikemy self
,descended
fr
om
someol drascal ofapi ratefrom Pomer ania. ..becauset hatiswho
weare
descendedf rom….
PETERSTOCKMANN: Anabsur dlegend.Idenyi t!
DR.STOCKMANN: ...butbecausehet hinkswhathi ssuper iorst hink, andhol dsthesame
opinionst heyhol d.Peopl ewhodot hatare, i
nt ellectuall
yspeaki ng,
commonpeopl e;and, thatiswhymymagni ficentbr ot
herPet erisin
reali
tysov eryfarfrom anydi stincti
on—andconsequent lyalsoso
farfrom bei ngindependent -mi nded.
PETERSTOCKMANN: Mr .Chai r
man………!
HOVSTAD : Soi tisonl ythedi sti
nguishedment hatar eliberal-mi ndedi nthiscount r
y?
Thati sanewone!( Laught er.
)
DR.STOCKMANN: Yes, t
hati spar tofmynewdi scoveryt oo.Andanot herpar tofitisthatf r
ee-
thinki
ngi sal mostpr eciselyt hesamet hi
ngasmor ali
ty.Thati swhyI
mai ntainthati tisabsol utelyirresponsi bleoft hePeopl e’sMessengert o
proclaim, dayi ndayout ,thef al
sedoct rinethati tist hemasses, thecr owd,
 thecompactmaj ority,t hathav et hemonopol yofl i
ber alpr i
nci plesand
mor ality— and t hatv iceand cor rupt ionand ev eryki nd ofi ntellectual
depr avityar et her esul tofcul tur e,j ustasal lthef il
tht hati s dr ai ning int o
ourBat hs i st he r esul toft he t anner es up atMol
i ledal !( Upr oarand
interrupt i
ons.DR.STOCKMAN”i sundi stur bedandgoeson, carriedawayby
hisar dour ,withasmi le.)Andy ett hi ssamePeopl e’sMessengercangoon
preachi ngt hatt hel ivingst andar dsoft hemassesoughtt obeel ev ated!But ,
blessmysoul ,iftheMessenger st eachi ngi stobedependedupon, thisv er y
elevat i
onoft hemasseswoul dmeannot hingmor eorl esst hanset ting
them st raight awayupont hepat hsofDepr avityHappi ly,t het heor yt hat
culturedemor alizesi sonl yanol df alsehoodt hatourancest orsbel i
ev edi n
andwehav einher i
ted.No.i tisi gnor ance,pov erty,ugl ycondi tionsofl ife,
thatdot hedev il’
swor k!I nahousewhi chdoesnotgetai redandswept
everyday -mywi feKat her i
nemai nt ainst hatt hef l
ooroughtt obescr ubbed
aswel l,butt hati sdebat abl e—i nsuchahousel etmet elly ou,peopl ewi l
l
losewi thint woort hr eey ear st hepoweroft hi nkingoract ingi namor al
manner .Lackofoxy genweakenst heconsci ence.Andt her emustbea
plentifullackofoxy geni nv erymanyhousesi nt hi stown,j udgi ngf r om t he
factt hatt hewhol e‘ compactmaj ority’ canbei rresponsi bl eenought owi sh
tobui ldt het ownspr osper i
tyonaquagmi reoff al sehoodanddecei t.
ASLAKSEN: Wecannotal low suchagr aveaccusat i
ont obef lungatour
community.
ACI TI
ZEN: Imov et hatt heChai rmanr ul et hespeakeroutofor der .
VOICES(angr
il
y): Hear ,hear !Qui ter ight !Makehi m si tdown!
DR.STOCKMANN:( losi nghi ssel f-cont rol):ThenIwi l
lgoandshoutt het r
ut hatev er y
str
eet
cor ner !Iwi l
lwr it
ei ti not hert owns’newspaper s!Thewhol ecount ry
shal lknowwhati sgoi ngonher e!
HOVSTAD: I
tal mostseemsasi fDr .St ockmann’ sintent ionwer et or uint het own.
DR.STOCKMANN:Yes,mynat ivet owni ssodeart omet hatIwoul dr at herr uini tthan
seeit
pr osperuponal i
e.
ASLAKSEN: Thisi sr eal lyser ious.( Upr oarandwhi stles,MRS.STOCKMANN
coughsin
v ain:herhusbanddoesnotl i
st ent oheranyl onger .)
HOVSTAD: (shout i
ngabov ethedi n):Amanmustbeapubl i
cenemywhowi shes
toruin
awhol ecommuni ty !
DR.STOCKMANN:( wi thgr owi ngf erv our ):Whatdoest hedest ructionofacommuni ty
matt
er,
ifi tlivesonl ies?I toughtt ober azedt ot hegr ound.It elly ou— Al l
whol ivebyl iesoughtt obewi pedoutl i
kev ermi n!Youwi l
lendup
infect ingt hewhol ecount ry;y ouwi llbr ingaboutsuchast ateof
thingst hatt hewhol ecount rywi l
ldeser vet obedest royed.Andi fi t
ev ercomest ot hat ,

(a)Placethi
sextractinitsi
mmedi at
econt
ext (
4mks)
(b)Whoar ethecompactmaj orit
y?
(
2mks)
(c)WhydoesDr .StockmannaccuseThePeopl e’sMessengerofbei
ngir
responsible?
(
3mks)
(d)Ident
if
yandexpl ainanytwot hemespresentedi
nthisexcer
pt
(
4mks)
(e)Inyourownwor ds, expl
ainthemeaningoftheimageofthehousethatisnever
sweptinrel
ati
ont owhatDr .Stockmanntal
ksaboutinthi
sexcerpt
 (3mks)
(f)Rewr
it
ethefol
lowi
ngaccor
dingt
otheinstr
ucti
onsgi
venaft
ereach:
(
2mks)
(
i)Amanmustbeapubl
i
cenemywhowishestor
uinawhol
ecommunit
y(Rewr
it
eint
hepast
t
ense)
(i
i)Ital mostseemsasi fDr .St ockmann’ sintent i
onwer etor ui nt het own………………………
I
(nser tanappr opr i
atequest iont ag) ………………………………………………( 2mks)
(g)Ill
ust ratechar act ert r
aitsofDr .St ockmannev identi nt heexcer pt
(
4mks)
(h) ( i)Expl aint hemeani ngoft hef ollowi ngwor dsasusedi nt hepassage
(
3mks)
Consci ence. .
...
...
..
...
....
..
......
...
....
....
......
..
..
Decei t.
...
...
....
...
...
..
...
....
..
......
...
....
....
......
..
..
.....
....
.....
..
.....
..
...
..
Depr av i
ty..
....
...
...
...
..
....
...
.....
...
....
....
......
..
...
.....
....
.....
..
....
..
...
..
Or
(i
i) Readt hef ol l
owi ngexcer ptandanswert hequest ionst hatf ollow:
“Ofcour seImeany ourf at herasanexampl e—f orexampl e, yousee. ”
“Ishal ltakemyf ather ,forexampl e,i fy oul ike.Hei st heheadoft hef ami ly .Suppose
anotherman,Kar anj aorNj ugunaf orexampl e,comesi nandweof ferhi m hospi tali
ty.
Supposeaf terat imehedeposesmyf at herandmakeshi msel ft heheadoft hef ami ly
withar ightt ocont rolourpr oper ty .Doy out hi nkhehasanymor alrightt oi t ?Doy ou,
Waiy aki?And do y out hinkIam bound byanyconsi derat iont o obeyhi m?And i f
condi t
ionsbecomei ntolerabl e,i tl ieswi thmet or ebel ,notonl yagai nsthi m butal so
againstal lthati shar sh, unf airandunj ust .TakeSi rianaMi ssionf orexampl e, themenof
Godcamepeacef ully.Theywer egi venapl ace.Nowseewhathashappened.Theyhav e
i
nv i
ted t hei rbr other st o comeand t akeal lt hel and.Ourcount r
yi sinv aded.Thi s
Gov ernmentPostbehi ndMakuy u, i
sapl aguei nourmi dst .Andt hishut -tax..”
Hewasexhaust ed.Hel ookedar ounddef iant lyandy etsor rowf ully.Thenhebegan
tobr eathehar d.Hewasbecomi ngexci tedagai n.Hewav edhi shandsi nt heai randt hen
gaveat hudont het abl e.Hel ethi sey esr ollar oundasi fhewer espeaki ngatabi g
poli
ticalr ally.Wai yakihadnev erseenKi nut hial iket hisbef ore.Andwhyshoul dt hey ,who
hadbeeneducat edatSi ri
ana,besov ehementagai nsti t?I twasj ustl ikehisf at her,who
hadsenthi mt ot heMi ssi ont owhi chhehadal lhi sl ifeobj ect ed.Per hapsl ifewasa
contradi ction.Wai yakif el
tsomet hingst i
ri nhi m ashel i
st enedt oKi nuthia.Per haps
Kinuthiawasspeaki ngf ort hesl eepi nghi l
ls,f ort hewhol eofGi kuy ucount ry.Thenhe
suppr essedt hef eel i
ngandt houghtoft henewdr ivei neducat i
on.Per hapst hiswast he
answert o a peopl e’sl ongi ngs and hopes.Fora momenthe became l osti n hi s
contempl at i
onofeducat i
onandt hepl anshehadi nmi nd:
“Come, Wai yaki.Tel lusaboutt hisnewKi ama. ’
ItwasKamauwhoasked.Wai yakil osthi sv isionbuthest i
llwat chedt her ai
n.Thi s
rainwasabl essing;andt hef ami newhi chpeopl ehadf ear edwoul dcomei fthe
dr oughthadcont i
nuedwoul dnow beav er ted.Fr om t hescoopsf lowedl i
ttle
nar row st r
eamsatandt hrought hegr ass.Theymi ngl edandf lowedont oj oin.
Mai nst ream, li
keasmal lri
v er ,li
keHoni a.Orl ikeaf l
ood.
Onlyt hisonewoul dendandHoni aRi v erwoul df or ev erf l
ow.
Andt hesmal lriverwentdownmaki ngasmal lmur mur ingsound,t al
ki ngt oitself,
ort ot hegr ound.“ Noah’ sf lood, ”
Waiy aki thought .Kinut hiaspoke.
“Yes.It hinksuchaKi ama,t opr eser vet hepur ityofourt ri
balcust omsandour
wayofl ife,shoul dbef ormednow. ”Wai yakihadhear daboutt hi sKi ama.Heknew t he
dri
vecamef rom Kabony i
.Wai y aki fear edt heywoul dgi v ehi m apl acei nt heleader shi pof
thi
sKi ama,whi chwasmeantt oembr aceal lt her idges.Hedi dnotf eelent husiast ic
about i t. He want ed t o concent rat e on educat ion. Per haps t he t eachi ng of
Livi
ngst one, thateducat i
onwasofv alueandhi sboy sshoul dnotconcer nt hemsel ves
withwhatt hegov ernmentwasdoi ngorpol iti
cs,hadf oundapl acei nWai y
aki ’
shear t.It
rai
nedon, t
hedownpoural mostsl ashi ngt hesun- scochedgr ass.Whatwasi t?Andst il
lit
 rained,witht hel i
tt
1ieamsgat heri
ngandj oi
ningtoget her.Hesawwhatt heywer edoing
—
Car
ryingawayt hesoil.
Cor
rodi ng.eatingawayt heear t
h.
St
eali
ngt heland.
Andt hatwast hecr y,thecryonev eryr i
dge.Per hapst hesleepi
nglionswoul d
sleepnomor e,fortheywer eallcr
ying,cryi
ngf orthesoi l
.Theear t
hwasi mportanttothe
tri
be.ThatwaswhyKi nuthi
aandot hersl
ikehi mf earedt heencroachmentoft hewhite
man.Theyf ear edwhathadhappenedi nKiambu, Ny eriandMur ang’
a.Thenewset tl
ersat
Sirianawor et hesamef ace.AndWai yakiwast hinking,wasMugowaKi bir
or i
ght?One
dayt hewhitemanwoul dgo.Andf orat imeWai yakiremember edhi sfat
herandt hat
prophecy .
Suddenl yhebecameangr y,notwitht hewhitemanorKi nut
hia.Hewasangr ywi t
ht he
r
ain.

(a)Whathadhappenedj ustbef oret hisexcer pt

?
(3mks)
(b)WhowasMugowasKi biro? (2mks)
(c)Giveonechar actertraitev identofKi nuthi ai
nt hi
sexcerpt (2mks)
(d)Expl aincl earl
ywi thillustrationsanyt wot hemesbr oughtoutinthisexcerpt
(4mks)
(e)Rewr i
tet hef oll
owi ngsent encesaccor dingt otheinstr
ucti
onsgivenaftereach;
(2mks)
(i
)Onl yt hisonewoul dendandHoni aRi verwoul dforeverfl
ow_ _
___(i
nsertan
appr opriatequest iont ag)
(
ii
)Thenhesuppr essedt hef eeli
ngandt houghtoft henewdr iv
eineducat i
on.
(Re-wr ite in the present
simpl
e).
...
..
..
..
....
..
....
...
..
..
...
..
...
..
..
....
..
..
.....
..
..
..
..
....
..
....
..
....
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
(f)Whydi dWai yakifeel l
ifeisacont radiction? (2mks)
(g)Expl ainanyt wost y l
i
st i
cdev icesev identi nthisexcerpt
(4mks)
(h)From y ourunder standi ngoft het ext, writenotesonwhyt hepeopleoftheridgesfelt
t
hatt heirr i
ghtswer ebei ngv i
olatedbyt hewhi t
eman
(4mks)
(i
)Gi vet hemeani ngoft hef ollowingwor dsasusedi ntheexcerpt
(2mks)
Sun–scor ched………………………………………………………………
Plague……………………………………………………………………….

Sect
ionC-QUESTI
ONS
1.
Readt hest orygivenbel owandanswert hequest i
onsthatf ol
l
ow: -
THEHAREANDTHETORTOI SE
Thehar ewasal way slaughingatt het ort
oisebecausehewal kedsosl owly.“
Reall
y
Idon’tknowwhyy oubot hert ogoatal l
,
”shesneer ed.‘
Byt hetimey ougetthereitwil
lall
beov er-what everitis.’
Thet ortoiselaughed.“ Imaybesl ow.’He sai d,‘butIbetIcangett otheendoft hefiel
d
beforey oucan.I fy ouwantt orace, i
ll
prov eittoyou.’
Expectinganeasyv i
ctoryt hehar eagr eedandshebouncedof fasf astasshecoul d
go.Thet ort
oisepl oddedst eadilyafterher .
Nowi twasi nthemi ddleofav er
yhotsunnydayandbef orelong,t
hehar estar
ted
tof eelal i
ttl
edr owsy .It hinkilljusttakeashor tnapundert hi
shedge.‘ Shesai dto
herself
.’Ev eni fthet ort
oisepassedbyi llcatchhim upi naf lash.Thehar elaydowni n
theshadeandwassoonf astasl eep.Thet ort
oisepl oddedonundert hemi ddaysun.
 Muchl at
er,thehar eawoke.I twasl at
ert hanshehadi nt
endedbutshel ookedr ound
confidentl
y‘Nosi gnofol dtort
oise, Isee, evenifIdidhav erat
hermorethanfortywi nks.’
Awayshewent ,runni
ngt hrought heshor tgrassandt hegrowingcor n,leaping
dit
chesandbr ambl eswit hease.I na v eryshor ttime she t ur
ned t
he lastcornerand
paused f ora momentt olook att hepl ace wher ethe ropewast oend.Ther e,nota
yardf r
om thefinishingli
newast het ort
oise,ploddingsteadil
yon.Onefootafteranot her,
nearerandnear ertot heendoft her ace.
Withagr eatbouncet hehar est reaked f orward.Itwast oolate.Thoughshe
thr
ewher selfpant i
ngov ertheline, thet ortoi
sewast herebeforeher
.
‘
Nowdoy oubelieveme? ’Askedt het or
toise.Butthehar ewastoooutofbreatht oreply.

i) Classifytheabov enarrati
ve
ii
) Whydi dthehar ealwayslaughatt ort
oise?
ii
i
) Whydi dthehar efeeldrowsy?
iv
) Whatmadei tpossibl
ef orharet oloset her ace?
v) Tryt opictur
ey oursel
fast hest orytell
erchar gedwiththeresponsi
bil
i
tyof
nar
rat
ingthi
s
parti
cularstory.Whatst orytelli
ngdev iseswoul dyouempl oy?
vi
) Whydi dthetortoi
selaughatHar e’scomment ?
vi
i) Descr ibehowt ort
oise’sownwor ds“ ….Imaybesl owbutIbetIcangettotheend
oft
he
fi
eldsbef or
ey oucan…. .
”eventuallyprov edt obet r
ue.
vi
ii
) Ment ionanyt womor al l
essonsy oucanl earnfr
om thi
sstory

2. POETRY
Readt
hepoem bel
owandanswerthequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
CRAZYPETERPRATTLES

Sowhatisthemount ai
ndeal
aboutthemini
ster
’sail
i
ngson
thathemakesboil
ingnews?

Howcomei twasnotwhispered
whenTina’shospit
albedcrawledwit
hmaggot
s
andhereyesoozedpus
becausethedoctorsl
ackedgloves?

WhataboutKasajj
a’
sonl
ychil
d
whodiedbecausethemanwit
hthekey
t
ot heoxygenr
oom wasonleave?

Ihaveseenqueues
ofemaciatedmot herscli
ngingt
o
babieswithtranslucentskins
fai
ntinli
ne
andt hel
ionessofanur se
commandi ngt er
sely
“Getuporl eavetheline’

Didn’
tIhearitrumour edthat
themanwi ththewhi temane
andblackrobes
whosemout hst oresthejusti
ceoft
hel
and
usheredarapecaseoutofcour t
becausethesev en-year
-old
 f
ail
edt
otest
if
y?

Anyway,Ionl
yrememberthesethi
ngs
whenIdrink,
theyar
eindeedti
psyexpl
osion
Cr
( azyPet
erPr
att
les’
bySusanNal
ugwaKi
gul
inEchoesAcr
i osst
heVal
l
ey:
Ed.Ar
thurI
.Luv
aiandKwamchet
si
Makokha)

(
a)Whatpr oblemsar ehighlightedi nthepoem aboutt hest ateofhealt
hcare?
(
b)Whati sthesignifi
canceoft her hetori
calquestioninthef ir
ststanza?
(
c)Pickoutanyt woi magesi nt hi
spoem andexpl aintheirsigni
fi
cance
(
d)(i)I
denti
fythepr oblem thatthef i
fthstanzadeal swith
(i
i)Howdoest hi
sconnectwi tht heproblemsi nt hepreviousstanzas?
(
e)Explai
nt hemeani ngoft hefollowi ngwor dsast heyareusedi nt hepoem
(
i)Oozed . .
..
(
ii
)Emaciated...
..
..
..
..
...
..
..
..
(
ii
i)Tr
anslucent..
(
f)Whatisthesi gni
ficanceoft hel aststanza?

3. Readt
hepoem bel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow.

IMETATHI
EF

Ont hebeach,onthecoast,
Undertheidle,
whisperscoconutt
owers,
Beforethegrowli
ng,foaming,
waves,
Imetat hi
ef,whoguessedIhad
Aninnocentheartforhert
osteal.

Shetookmyhandandl edmeunder,
Thei
ntimat
ecashewboughswhi chshaded
Thedownygrassandpeepingweeds
Shej
umpedandpl uckedthenutsf
ormet osuck:
Shesangandlaughedandpressedcl
ose

Igazed; herhairwasl ikethewool ofamount ainsheep,

Herey es,apai rofbrown–bl ackbeansfloat
inginmilk.
Jui
cyandr oundaspl antainshoots
Herlegs, ar
msandneck:
Andlikewi ne-gourdsherpi ll
owybr east
s:
Herthroatut t
er edfr
eshbananaj ui
ce:
Matchingherf ace-
smoot handbanana-ripe.

It
ouched-butl
ongIev ent
asted,
Myhearthadflowedf r
om meintoherbeast
:
Andthenshewent -
highandsouth-
Andl
eftmycar
cassr
oast
ingi
nthee

a)Whoi sthepersona?
b)Whati stherel
evanceoft hetit
le?
c)Paraphrasethelaststanza
d)Identi
fyandexplainthesignif
icanceofthethreestyl
i
stdevi
cesempl
oyedi
nthepoem
e)Ofwhatr aceisthe‘t
hief’i
nthepoem?
f)Explai
nthemeani ngoftheline‘aninnocentheartf
orhertosteal
’
g)Identi
fyoneeconomi cactivi
typortr
ayedinthepoem
4. Readt
hepoem belowandanswert hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
THEPROSTI TUTE
ThereIseehercomi ng
Wi t
hborrowedst eps
Likeacowar dghost
Outofgrasscov eredgrav
eyar
d

Shecomes
Beari
ngnomor e
Thatatt
ract
ivedames
Coverli
kesoftbabes

These
Shehasexposed
tobit
terweather
andlustyey
es.

ThereIseehercomi ng
l
ikeanest lesbir
d
thatent ersanynest
forat ransientstay
attimes
fi
ndingsnakes
orhost il
ehawks
ThereIseehercomi ng
l
ikeabl ackjack
apoi sonouspest
thatinfectstheci t
y’
splant
ati
on
diseasingt heyoung
andol dpl ant

ThereIseeher
coil
ingherselfar
ound
touri
stsandbosses
l
ikeapar asit
ic
cli
mbingpl ant

ThereIseehercoming
from t
hebackdoor
l
ikeaf or
gedcoin
thatassumesthehighval
ue
yetalwayshoundedbyspi
es

Istandtoseeher
whent heforgedcoi nisfound
whent heimmi gr at
ionbir
ds
arebacki ntheirnests
orwhent hedog
thatitconstantl
yf eedson
i
swashedwi t
hDDT
orwhent hedogi sdead
onat armacr oad
andwhent hest emsar ecut
i
nt hedrywi ndyseason
 a)NameFOURt hingsthepersonr efer
redtoas‘her
’hasbeenl i
kenedto.
b)Whati sthemai nthemeoft hepoem?Expl ai
nwithsui
tableexamples
c)Whati stheattit
udeofthepoett owardsthesubj
ectofthepoem?I l
lustr
ateusi
ng
wordsor
phrasefrom thepoem?
d)Identif
ythreestyli
sti
cdevi
cesusedi nthepoem andshowt heiref
fecti
venessi
n
br
ingi
ngout
thepoet’
smessage.
(e)Explai
nthemeani ngoft
hel aststanza–whatmooddoesi texpress?

5. ORALLI TERATURE
Readt hepassagebel owandt henanswert hequest ionst hatf ol l
ow:
THEWI CKEDCHI EF
Ther el i
v edonceawi ckedchi ef .Nobodyl i
kedhi m, becauseofhi swi ckedness.He
waswi ckedt ool dmenandwomen.Bypr et endi ngt obeki ndhet riedt obepopul arto
youngmenwhol ivedi nt hatcount ry.Whent hechi efwonov ery oungmen,t heyal lli
ked
him.
Oneday ,thechi efcal l
edal lthey oungmenandt ol dt hem,“ Myf riends,don’ tyou
see? ”Theyasked,“ What ?”y oushoul dki llalloft hem.Ev er ybodyshoul dki l
lhis
fat her .
”
Ah:( thatt heyshoul dki llt hei rf ather s).Asar esult,ev erybodywhosef atherwasol d
broughthi mt obeki lled.Thi sonewentandbr oughthi mt obeki l
led.Thi sonewentand
broughthi mt obeki ll
ed, theot herwentbr oughthi sf at hert obeki ll
ed.Theyki l
ledal lthe
oldmen, leav ingoneonl y.
Hewasaf atherofamanwhosai dno.“ Whyshoul dt hechi efki llal loldmenand
whywoul dIsendmyf at hert obeki lled? ”Hegotdownandwentt odi gal argehol eand
conceal edi tni cely.Hesenthi sf athert here, wher ehehaddug.Hef etchedwoodandput
i
tacr ossandcov edi twi thsoi l
,maki ngasmal lhol eforai rtopasst hr ough.Att hatt i
me,
theyhadf inishedt oki llall theol dmen.
Whent hechi eff i
ni shedexecut i
ngt hem,het hencal ledal lt hey oungmen.“ My
fri
endswehav enowf inishedki ll
ingal l ourol dmen.Thi sisacowIam gi vingt oy ou.Iam
sohappywehav egotr idoft heseol dmen, sogoandki llthecow.Wheny ouhav ekill
ed
thecow, cutt hebestpar tofi tsmeatandbr ingi ttome.I fy oudon’ tbr i
ngi t
, youy oursel
f
arenotsaf e.”(Thati sal lright )eh;
They oungmenr ushedoutandsl aught eredt hecow,whi chi st hebestpar toft hemeat
ofacow?Theywer ewor r i
ed
Theywentandcutt hel iverandsenti tt ohi m.Heaskedwhet herornott hatwas
thebestpar toft hemeat .Theyanswer edy es.Theyaddedpar toft hebi le.Hesai dthat
wasn’ tt hebestpar toft hemeatandt heyshoul dgoandf indi tqui ckl y.Thepeopl e
becamemor ewor ried.
Ev er yni ghtt hey oungmansecr et l
yt ookf oodt ohi sf ather .Onedayhet ookf ood
tohi sf at her,whoaskedaboutt henewsoft het own.Hesai d,“ Myf at her,now wear e
suffering.Whenweki l
ledal ltheol dmen, thechi efgav eusacowt ogoandki ll.Whenwe
kil
ledt hecow, hesai dwemustbot hf indt hesweet estandt hebestpar toft hemeatand
bri
ngt ohi m,t hati fwedonotbr i
ngt hem,wear enotsaf eour sel ves.Thi si swhati s
wor r
yingus. ”Theol dmanl aughed,butaskedhi mi fheknew t hesweet estpar toft he
meat .Hesai dno.Heagai naskedi fhedi dnotknowt hebi tt
er estpar t.Hesai dno.“ Then
thesweet estandt hebi t
ter esti st het ongue.Wheny ougo,cutt het ongueandsenti tto
him andsayt hati st hesweet estpar toft hemeatandt hebi t
ter est.”
Themanr ushedhomewhi leal lthepeopl esatdown, undeci dedaboutwhatt odo.
Ifsomet hinghadnothappenedt heymi ghthav et hrownt hewhol emeatawayandr un
away .Whent heboyar rivedhesai d,“ Myf r i
endst aket het ongueoft hecowi n. ”t heycut
thetonguef orhi m, andhet ooki ttot hechi ef ’
spal ace.
 Hewentandt hrewi tdownandsai d,“Chi
ef,seet
hesweet estpartofthemeatand
thebitt
erestpar talso.
”
Thechi efsatdownqui etl
yandf inal
lysaid,
“Youdidnotkillyourfat
her.Speakthe
trut
h.Youhav enotki l
l
edy ourf ather
.”
Hesai d,“Itisthet rut
h,Idi dn’
tki l
lhim.Whenalltheothermenwer eki l
li
ngthei
r
ownf ather
sIwentandhi dmi ne.”
Hesai d,“Youar ethesonofawi seoldman.Thesweet estandt hebit
terestpar
tof
ameati sthet ongue.Asf orthatallthesey oungmenar efool
s.Whyshoul dsomebody
sendhi sfathert obeki l
led?Buti fyouwantt hesweetestpartoft hemeat ,fi
ndthe
tongue,wer eitnotf oryourt ongue,youwoul dnothaveanenemy :iti
salsobecauseof
yourtonguet haty ouwi l
lnothav eaf r
iend.”

1. Cl assif
ytheabov enar rat
ive
2. Stat
eanytwochar acteri
sticsofor al narr
ativ
espr esenti
nthenar r
ati
veabove
3. I denti
fyanddiscussanyt wochar acteri
sticstr
aitsofthechiefandanyone
char
acteroft
he y
oungman( whodi dn’tkill
thefather)
4. Expl ai
nanymor all
essont hatcanbel earnedf r
om thisnarr
ati
ve
5. Gi veoneeconomi cact ivit
ypr acti
cesbyt hecommuni tyf
rom whichthi
snarr
ati
ve
wast aken
6. I denti
fyanyt
wost ylesintheor al narrati
ve
7. Whydoy outhinkthechi efwant edal ltheoldment obekill
ed?

6. ReadThePoem Bl
eowAndAnswerTheQuest ionsBel
ow:
Wouldyouknowmynamei fIsawyouinheaven?
Wouldi
tbethesameifIsawyouinheaven?
Imustbestr
ongandcarr
yon,causeIknowIdon’tbel
ongher
einheav
en.

Wouldy
ouholdmyhandifIsawy oui
nheav en?
Wouldy
ou helpmestandifIsawyouinheav en?
I
’l
lfi
ndmywaythroughni
ghtandday,causeIknowIcan’
tjustst
ayher
einheav
en

Ti
mecanbr ingy oudown, ti
mecanbendy ourknees
Ti
mecanbr eakt heheart;havey ou‘
begging’
“pl
ease”‘
beggi
ng’
“pl
ease”
Beyondthedoort here’
speace,I’
m sure
AndIknowt herewi l
lbenomor et ear
sinheaven.
Wouldyouknowmynamei fIsawy ouinheaven?
Wouldyoubet hesamei fIsawy ouinheaven?
Imustbestrongandcar r
yon,causeIknowIdon’ tbel
ongher
einheaven.
‘
CauseIknowIdon’ tbel
ongher einheaven.

a) Whati st hesubj ectmat t

eroft hispoem? I
ll
ustr
atey ouranswer
b)Ident
ifyandi ll
ustrat
et hefeatureofst yl
eev i
dentinstanzathree
c)Giveandi l
lustrat
et woexampl esoft hepersona’
sst at
ement stoill
ustrat
ehi sat
ti
tude
ofadmi rati
on
d)Whati stheimpl i
cationofr hetori
calquesti
onsbei ngssetincondi t
ionaltenses?
e)Whatist heper sonasi maginationofl i
fei
nheav en? f)
Innoteform, gi
v ethemai nit
em oft helastst
anza
g) Expl aint hemeani ngoft hef oll
owingphrasesasusedi nt hepoem
i
)Hol dmyhand…… -
i
i
)Br eakt hehear t
……
i
i
i)Nomor etears………

7. Readt
hepoem belowandanswerthequesti
onst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
*UGU*Youseet
hatBenzsitt
ingatt
heri
ch’send?
Ha!ThatMot
okaisMotoka.
 I
tbel
ongstothemi ni
sterforf
air
ness
Whoyester
daywasl oadedwithdoct
orat
e
AtMaker
erewit
hwhi skyandIdon’tknowwhat
Pl
usIhearthel
it
eratethighsofanunder
graduat
e.

Youseethosemar ketwomengapi ngt hei

rmout hs?
Theglor
yofi t
sinsidehasr obbedthem ofwor ds
It
ell
youthef eatheryseat
st hegoldsteering
TheTVther adiostati
onthegear!
Hecanconv ersewi t
hallt
hewor ldpresidents
Whil
edrivi
ngi nthebackseatwi t
hhi sdarly
Bet
weenhi slegswi t
houtthedriverseeingathing!
Ha!Ha!Ha!

Lookatthedriverchasi
ngthechi l
drenaway
Theywantt oseethepistoli
nt hedoorpocket
Orthebuttonthatlet
soutbulletsfr
om themachi
ne
Throughtheeyesoft hecar–Sshhhhhhhhh
Letsnottal
kabouti t
.

ButItellyouthatMotokacanr un
I
tsailsli
keal i
jato,
speedsl i
keaswal l
ow
Anddoesn’ tknowany onest upi
doni t
sway
Theot herdayIheard
Butlookati t
sbehind,thatmot heroftwi
ns!
A-ahThatMot okaisMot oka.

Youj
ustwai
t,I
’
llt
ell
youmor
e
Butl
etmef
ir
stsel
lmyt
omat
oes
ByTHEOLUZUKA)
(

(a) Whoi st heper sona?

b) Bri
efl
yexpl ai
nwhatt hepoem i sallabout.
c) Identi
fyanyt wost yl
isti
cdev i
cesusedi nthepoem.
d) Explaint hechar act
eroft hemar ketwomenaspor t
rayedinthepoem.
e) Expl
aint hemeani ngoft hefol
lowingli
nesasusedi nt hepoem.
i)Ha!ThatMot okaisMot oka.
ii
)Thegl oryofitsinsidehasr obbedthem ofthewor ds.
i
ii
)Butl ookati tsbehind, t
hatmot heroftwins.*
UGU*
f
) Descri
bet hetoneoft hepoem andcommentont hepersona’
satt
it
udetowar
ds
t
he
mini
sterforf
air
ness.
g) I
dent
if
ytheeconomicact
ivi
tyoft
hepeopl
epor
tray
edi
nthi
spoem.

8. Readt
hepoem bel
owandt henanswert hequestionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
AFTERAWAR
Theout come?Conf li
ctingrumour s
Astowhatf actionmur dered
Theonemanwho, hadhesur vived
Mighthav eruleduswi thoutcorrupt
ion
Notthatitmat tersnow:
We’rebusycol lecti
ngt hedead
Counti
ngt hem, hardthoughi tis
Tobesur ewhatsi detheywer eon
What’sleftoftheirbodi esandf aces
Tell
sofnoneedbutf orbur ial
 Andmut il
ati
onswaspr acticed
Byri
ght,lef
tandcent r
ealike
Asforthechildrenandwomen
Whoknowswhatt heywant ed
Apartf
rom theusual t
hings?
Foodisscarcenow, andmenar escarce
Wholevill
agesbur nttothegr ound
Newcitiesindisrepair
Thewari sover,somebodymusthav ewon
Somebodywi llhavewon.Whenpeacei sdecl
ared

(
a) Accordingtothepoem, whataretheconsequencesofwar
?
(
b) Whatt echni
queshast hepoetemployedandwhatarethei
ref
fect
s?
(
c) Whatist hepoet’
satt
itudetowardswar ?
(d) Explai
nt hemeaningoft hefol
l
owinglines:
-
(i
)Foodi sscarcenow, menarescarce*KSW*
(i
i)Wholev i
l
lagesburnttotheground
(e) From thepoem, whywoul dyousaythatwarisanowinsit
uat
ion?
(
f) What ’
sthemoodoft hepoem?

9. Readt heor alnar rati

v ebel owandanswert hequest ionst hatf ollow:
WhyZebr ahasst ri
ppedski n
Longago,mant amedonl yt hedog.Bef orehest artedt ami nganyot herani mal ,it
wassai dt hatt hedonkeycoul dal sobet amed.Thi sst orycamef rom onehunt er.
Onedaywhi lehunt ing,t hishunt erki lledal ar geani mal,whi chwast ooheav yfor
himt ocar ryal ong.So, ashewonder edhowt ocar ryhi ski llhesawadonkeypassnear by
andani deacamet ohi smi nd.“ Whynotpl acet hiscar cassont hedonkeysot hati tcan
helpme? ”hewonder ed.Hedi dnotknowwhatwoul dhappeni fhet riedthisbecauset he
donkeywasal soawi ldani mal .Nev er t
hel esshedeci dedt ot r
y .
Sohef ollowedt hedonkeyandl ur ingi twi t
hsweetwor dsandgr ass,t hedonkey
all
owedhi mt opl acehi sloadoni tsbackwi thoutr esi stance.Het henl edt hewayunt i
l
theyarrivedhome.Af terunl oadingt hedonkey ,hegav eitmor egr assandsomewat er.It
ateanddr unkandappear edhappy .Fr om t hatday ,thedonkeynev erleftt hehunt er’s
homest ead;andhegav et hedonkeyf oodanddr inkdai l
y .Thedonkey smul t
ipliedand
therewer emanydonkey si nthishomest ead,al lhel pingt hehunt ert ocarryhi sl oads.
Soon, t
hest or ywentr oundt hatsomebodyhadt amedadonkey , whichhewasusi ngasa
beastofbur den.Vi ll
ager scamet oseef ort hemsel vesandt heywer ei mpressedwi tht he
wayt hehunt er’sdonkey swer ewor king.Hav i
ngsat i
sf i
edt heircur i
osi t
y,theyal sowent
outintot hewi ldt olookf ordonkey st ot ame.Thedonkeybecameaf amousbeastof
burdeni nthewhol ev i
llageandbey ond, car ryingal ltheheav yloadst hatmenandwomen
couldnotev enl if
twi thassi stance.
Asal lt hiswashappeni ng,t hedonkey swhi chwer el efti nt hewi lddi dnotknow
whatwasgoi ngon.Theywoul donl yseet heirf r
iendsgoawaywi thmenandwomen
nevertor et urn.Theycamet ounder standt hatt heyhadbeendeser tedonl yaf termostof
thei
rf r
iendshadbeent akenaway .Thef ew whower el eftst artedt ohidedeepi nt he
woodst oav oidanycont actwi thhumanbei ngs.Butt hei ref fortst ohi dewer eal li nv ain!
Humanbei ngshadr eal i
zedt hatdonkey swer ev eryusef ulani mal s.Sot heymadeev er y
possibleef for ttocat cht hem ev enf rom deepi nt hef orest .
Thi spr obl em di sturbedt hewi l
ddonkey s.Manyoft heirkindhadbeencapt uredby
humanbei ngs.Ther umour sspr eadi ngar oundwer et hatt hecapt uredoneswer emade
towor kv eryhar dwi thonl ylittl
ef ood, sincet her ewasnot imet ogr aze, whil
et hosel eftin
thewildgr azedt hewhol edayandev endur i
ngt heni ght .
Indeed,t hiswasf ri
ght ening.Ther estoft hedonkey sdeci dedt oactqui ckly,lest
theytoobecapt ur
ed.Theycal ledameet i
ngatwhi cht heydi scussedwhatshoul dbe
donet ost opt hemov ementofdonkey sint opeopl e’shomes.Whent hemeet ingcamet o
 ast alemat e,onedonkeysuggest edt hatt heyshoul dseekhel pf rom Har esi ncehewas
knownt obecunni ngandcl ever.Allagr eedt oseekadv icef r
om Har e.
Thenextmor ning,t hedonkeyr epr esentat ivewentt oHar e.Har ewasonl yt oo
will
ingt ohel p.Ther ef oreHar easkedhi mt ot el
lal lhi sf r
iendst ocomet ohi scompound
earlythenextmor ning.Theyagr eed.Whent heyar rived, theyf oundHar ewi t
hwhi tewash
i
nal ar gebucketandabr ushi nhi shand.Theywer eal latal ossast oknow how t his
whi t
ewashwasgoi ngt ohel pthem.Whent heyenqui r
ed,Har eat tempt edt oexpl ainbut
theycoul dnotunder stand.
SoHar easkedoneoft hem t ov olunt eerforademonst rat i
onbutnonewant edt o.
ThenHar eappr oachedoneol ddonkeyandwhi sper edi ni t
searsay i
ng,“ Oncey ouhav e
beenpai nt
ed,youwi llnotbeadonkeyanymor eandhumanbei ngswi l
lnott akey ou
away .”Theol ddonkeysai d,“Iwi llvolunt eerbecausei fthehumanbei ngst akemeand
putl oadson myback,Iwi lldi e.”So t he Har e qui cklyst ar ted pai nting st ri
pesof
whi t
ewashont hi sdonkey .Soon, theent i
rebodyoft hedonkeywasf i
l
ledwi thwhi teand
greyst ripes.Whent heot herdonkey slookedatt hepai nteddonkey ,theyadmi redi tand
somewant edtobepai nted.Butot herscamet ot hepai nteddonkeyandi twhi sper ed
somet hingi nthei rear s.Sot heyr ushedandcr owdedar oundHar eandal thoughhe
war nedt hem thatt heyhadt obecar ef ulwi t
ht hewhi tewash,t heydi dnotheedhi s
war ni
ng.Theyj ost l
ed,pushed,f oughtandev enbi teachot heri nt hest ruggl et obet he
nextonet obepai nted.I twasdur i
ngt hisst r
uggl et obepai nt edt hatonedonkeyt oppl ed
thebucketcont ainingt hewhi t
ewash,pour i
ngt heent i
recont ent sont hegr assf r
om
wher ei tcoul dnotber ecovered.Thedonkey st hathadbeenpai ntedr emai nedi nt he
forestbecausehumanbei ngsdi dnotcapt uret hem f ort heyl ookeddi fferentf rom t he
domest icatedones.Thest ri
peddonkey schangedt hei rnamef rom donkeyt oZebr a.All
theonest hatr emai nedunpai nt edaf tert hewhi t
ewashwer ecapt uredbyt hehuman
beingsandt akent ot hei rhomest olabourf orthem upt ot hisday .Andt hereendsmy
story.
(Adapt edfrom Keny aOr alLiter at ureNar rat iv es, Asel ectionedi ted
byKav et
saAdagal a
andWanj i
ku. M.Kabi ra.EastAf ricanEducat ionalPubl i
sher s.)

. (
a)Classi f
y, wi
threasons, thisstory
(
b)Ident i
fyandi ll
ust r
at ethef oll
owing:-
(i
)Oneeconomi cact ivi
ty
(i
i)Onesoci alact i
vit
y .
(
c)Expl ai
nt heuseofper soni f
icati
onint hi
snarrati
ve
(
d)Whatwast heagendaoft hemeet i
ngheldbyt hedonkey s?
(
e)Whati st heatti
tudeoft hedonkey st owardstheHar e?
(
f)Whatwer etheconsequencesoft hedonkey ’
sstruggletobepainted?
(
g)Apar tfrom personif
icati
on, whatotherfeat
uresoforalnar
rat
iveshav
ebeenusedinthi
sst
ory
(
h)Ex plaint hecharact eroft hedonkey sinthe2ndlastparagraph
(
i)Explaint hemeani ngoft hef oll
owingwor dsandexpr essi
onsasusedi nthestory
(i
)Beastofbur den...
...
..
(i
i)Demonst ration..
..
.
(i
ii
)Toppl ed...
...
...
..
..
...
...
..
..

10. Readt hefol

lowi ngpoem andanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow
SYMPTOMSOFLOVE
Lovei sauniversalmigrai
ne,
Abrightstai
nont hevisi
on
Blot
tingoutreason.
Sympt omsoft ruelove
Areleanness,jealousy,
Laggar ddawns;
 Ar
eomensandni ghtmar
es-
Li
steni
ngforaknock.
Waiti
ngforasi
gn:

Foratouchofherfi
nger
s
I
nadar kenedroom,
Forasearchi
nglook

Takecourage,
lover
!
Coul
dy ouenduresuchpai
n
Atanyhandbuthers?
(
Li
ter
atur
e:Readi
ngFi
cti
on,
Poet
ryandDr
ama,
McGr
aw-
Hil
l
,2000)

Questions
a)Identif
yt hepersonai nthepoem
(
2mks)
b)Whati st heper sona’
sat t
it
udetowar dslove?(Expl
ain)
(
3mks)
c)Descr i
bet hetoneoft hepoem wi t
hev idencefrom i
t
(
3mks)
d)Identif
yandexpl ainanythreef
iguresofspeechusedi nthepoem (
6mks)
e)Descr i
bet hemoodoft hepoem citingev i
dencetosupporty
ouranswer
(
3mks)
f)Explaintherhetor i
calquesti
onattheendoft hepoem
(
2mks)
g)Explainthemeani ngofeachoft hef ol
lowingexpressi
onsasusedint
hepoem
i)Migraine
i
i)Laggar ddawn’ s
i
ii
)Sear chinglook

11. Readt
hefoll
owingoralpoem andanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
-
Don’tcrybaby
Sleepli
ttl
ebaby
Fatherwil
lnurseyou
Sleepbabysleep

Li
tt
lebi
rdfli
tt
ingawaytotheforestsofast
Tel
lme,li
tt
lebir
d,hav
ey ouseenher
Haveyouseenmycr yi
ngbaby’smot her
?

Shewenttotheri
veratearl
ydew
Apotuponherhead
Butdownthewaterfl
oatsherpot
Andthepathfr
om theri
verisempty

Shal
lIt
akehi
m underthepal m?
Wheret
hegreenshader estsatnoon?
Ohno,no
Fort
hethor nswillpri
ckmybaby
Shal
lIt
akehi
m underthegi antbaobab
Wheret
hesil
kcottonplay swit
ht hewi
ng?

Ohno,no
Fort
heter
mit
e-eat
enboughwi
l
lbr
eak
 Andcrushmyl i
tt
lebaby
Mylit
tl
esleepi
ngbaby
Thedayislongandthesungr owshot
So,sl
eep,mylit
tl
ebaby ,
sleep
Formotherisgonetoaf ar
,farl
and-Al
as!
Sheisgonebey ondtheri
ver.

a)Givefourfeatur
eswhi chprov ethattheabov eoralpoem isalul
laby
b)Ident
ifyandill
ustr
atethet wospeaker sinthepoem
c)Whyist hesingerhesit
antt otaket hebabyundert heshade?
e)I
denti
fyandill
ust
rat
eanyt wochar acter
isti
csofor
alpoemsevidenti
ntheabov
epoem
f)Whatisthesinger’
sat t
it
udet owar dst hebaby?
g)Commentonsoci alor
ganizati
onoft hepeopleint
hecommuni t
ywherethi
ssongwas
col
l
ect
ed

14. Readt
hef
oll
owi
ngor
alpoem andanswert
hequest
ionst
hatcomeaf
teri
t:

Theearth doesnotgetf at,

Itmakesanendoft hosewhoweart heheadpl
umes,
Weshalldieontheearth
Theearthdoesnotgetf at.I
tmakesan
endofthosewhoactswi f
tl
yasher
oes
Shal
lwedieont heearth?

Li
stenOear
th.Weshal
lmour
nbecauseofy
ou,
Li
stenOear
th.Weshal
ldi
eontheear
th?

Theear
thdoesnotgetfat
.Itmakesanendofchi
efs
Shal
lweal
ldieontheeart
h?
Theear
thdoesnotgetfat
.
I
tmakesanendoft hewomenchiefs
Shal
lwedi
eonearth?

Theear
thdoesnotgetf
at.I
tmakesanendoft
her
oyal
women
Shal
lwedi
eonearth?

Li
stenOear
th.Weshal
lmour
nbecauseofy
ou.
Li
stenOear
th.Weshal
ldi
eontheear
th?

Theear
thdoesnotgetfat
.Itmakes
anendoft
hebeasts.
Shal
lwedi
eont heear
th?

Li
stenyouwhoar easleep, whoare
l
eftti
ght
lycl
osedi nthel and.
Li
stenyouwhoar easleep,whoarel ef
tti
ght
lycl
osedi
nthel
and.
Shall
weallsinkintotheear th?
Li
stenOearth,thesuni ssettingt
ightl
y.
Weshallal
lenterintotheear th
(
Sour
ce:Aki
vaga.
K andOdagaA.
B,Or
alLi
ter
atur
e:Aschoolcer
ti
fi
cat
e
cour
se)
 a)Classifythissongandgi vereasonsf oryourclassi
fi
cati
on
b)Whati st hesubjectmat teri
nt hissong?
c)Identif
yandcommentont wof eat
uresofstylethatarecharacteri
sti
cofsongs
d)Descr i
bet heattit
udeoft hesingert othesubjecthe/sheissingingabout
e)Whatsoci albel
iefisbroughtouti nthissong?
f)Explainthemeani ngoft hefollowinglines:-
i)Theear thdoesnotgetf at
ii
)Weshal lal
lenterintotheear th
ii
i)……whoar etight
lyclosedi ntheland.

13. Readt
hepoem bel
owandt
henanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow

ISHALLRETURN
Ishal
l return,Ishal lreturnagai n
Tolaughandl oveandwat chwi t
hwonderey es
Atgardennoont hef or estf i
resburn,
Wafti
ngt heirbluebl acksmoket osapphi reskies
Ishal
l returntol oit
erbyt hest reams
Thatbat het hebr ownbl adesofbendi nggr asses,
Andreal i
zeoncemor emyt housanddr eams
Ofwat ersr ushingdownt hemount ainpasses
Ishal
l returntoheart hef i
ddleandf if
e
Ofvil
lagedances, deardel i
cioustunes
Thatstirthehi ddendept hsofnat iv
elife
Str
aymel odiesoft hedi m- remember edt unes
Ishal
l return,Ishal lreturnagai n
Toeasemymi ndofl ong, l
ongy ear
sofpai n
(ClaudeMcKay
)

(a)Explai
nbr i
efl
ywhatt hepoem i sabout
(3mks)
(b)InNOTEf orm,ident
ifyfourthingswhi chthepersonaislongi
ngtor etur
nt o
(4mks)
(c)Withil
l
ustrat
ionfrom thepoem, identi
fyandil
lustr
ateanythreesty
listi
c
devi
ces
usedinthepoem (6mks)
(d)Whatisthetoneoft hepoem?I llust
rateyouranswer
(2mks)
(e)Inwhatkindofenv i
ronmenti stheper sonali
ving?Explai
nyouranswer( 2mks)
(f)Whatspecifi
cnamei sgi v
ent ot hepoemswi thonest anzaandfourteenlines
as
oneabove?
(g)Whatisthenamegi v entothel asttwol i
nesendinginsimil
arsound?
(1mk)

14. Readt
hepoem bel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
POETRY:
-OUTCAST
 Theymetbyaccident Sotheyhadt
osepar
ate
Heproposedtheidea Theboyremai
nsi
ll
egi
ti
mat
e.
Shegaveherconsent
All
thewaytothealter
. Lastmont hnotl
ongago
Theybot htookt
heirgo
Thecasualt
ywasmal e Coincident
all
ybyaccident
Andhispigmentwaspale Nothingtoinher
it
.
Unl
ikehi
sallegedsir
e
Whowasbl ackwithIr
e Thepoorboyi
shardl
yten
Andknowsnonextofkin
Therecour
sewasl egit
imate Heroamsthestr
eetoft
own.
Hedeclai
medr esponsi
bil
it
y Li
keawindsownoutcast
.
Sotheyhadtoseparate
Theboyremainsill
egit
imate.

a)Whoisthepersonainthispoem? (
2mks)
b)Whatisthemessagei nthepoem? (
4mks)
c)Commentonanyt hr
eestyli
sti
cdevi
ceusedinthepoem. (
6mks)
d)Whatisthepersona’
sat t
it
udetowardsthe”t
hey?” (
2mks)
e)Commentont helaststanza. (
3mks)
15. Readthepoem belowandt henanswerthequesti
onsthatf
oll
ow:

Theinmates
Huddledtoget her,
Coldbit
ingt heirbones,
Teethchatteringfrom thechi
l
l,
Theairoppr essive,
Thesmel loffensive
Theysitandt heyr ef
lect.

Theroom self
-contai
ned,
Atthecornert
hegent s’inv
ites
Wit
ht henicefr
agranceofammoni a,
Andfreshhumandung,
Thefreshinmatessitthoughtf
ull
y.

Ver
mi nperfor
m aguardofhonour,
Sal
utinghim wit
habit
eher e,
Andabi t
ethere,
Welcomet otheworl
d’theyseem t
osay
.

Thest eellockoft hedoor,

Thewal l
sinsurmount abl
e
Andt heonet orchi
ngtort
urousbulb
Starev acantlyathim.
Slowlyher eflectsabouttheconsi
gnment
Thatgav ebi rt
ht ohi
sconf i
nement
Lockedi nf orconductref
inement
Ther easont heyputhi minthepri
son.

Thecl
ockticks
Butt
ooslowl y
Fi
veyear
swi l
lbealongti
me
Doomedint hedungeon
I
nthi
shellofacell.
 (
a)Whati stheatti
tudeoft hespeakert owardsthefr
eshinmate?
(
4mks)
(
b)Explai
nt heatmospher ecr eatedthroughdescr
ipt
ioni
nt hepoem (
4mks)
(
c)Whyi sthef r
esh‘inmateinpr i
son? (
2mks)
(
d)Identi
fyandexpl ainanythr eestyl
isti
cdevi
cesinthepoem
(
6mks)
(
e)Explai
nt hemoodoft henewconv i
ct (
2mks)
(
f)Explai
nthemeani ngofthef ol
lowi
ngl i
ne:
‘
Lockedinf orconductrefinement (
2mks)

16. Readt
hefoll
owi ngpoem andanswert hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow:
(20mks)
THEFOOLI SHOLDMAN
Myf atherbeganasagod
Fullofher oictales
Ofday swhenhewasy oung
Hislawswer easimmut able
Asifbr oughtdownf rom Sinai
whichi ndeedhet houghttheywere.
Hef earlesslylif
tedmet oheav en
Byamer eswi ngtohisshoulder
Andmademeagodl i
ng
Byseat ingmeast ri
de
Ourmi lkcow’ sbackandt oo,
Upont hegr eatwhi tegobbler.
ofwhi chot herswenti nconstantfear
.

Str
angethenhowheshr ankandshr
ank
Unti
lbymytimeofadolescence
Hehadbecomeaf ool
ishsmal l
oldman
wit
hsill
yandout
modedv i
ews
ofl
ifeandmoral
i
ty.

Strangerst
il
l
thatasIbecameol der
hisfault
sandhisi ntolerances
scattedawayintot hepast
reveali
ngvi
rtues
suchashonest y
, gener osit
y,i
ntegr
it
y.

Str
angestofall
howt hedeeperherecedesi nt
othegrav
e
themor eIseemy self
asjustonemor eofthelit
tl
emen
whocr eepthr
oughlif
e
noknee–hi ghtothislong-deadgod.
(I
anMudie)

(a)Brief
lycommentont hethemeoft hepoem (
4mks)
(b)Commentont hesuit
abil
it
yoft hetitt
leofthepoem
(
3mks)
(c)Whatistheatt
itudeofthepersonat owardshisfat
her?
(
3mks)
(d)Identi
fyandexplai
nanythreest y
li
sticdevi
cesusedi nt
hepoem (
6mks)
(e)Whatdot hefoll
owinggroupsofpeopl elearnfr
om thepoem?
 (i
)Parents.……………… (
ii
)Chi
l
dren………
(
f)Expl
ainthemeaningoft
hefoll
owi
ngwordsasusedi
nthepoem. (
2mks)
I
mmut able…………… Out
moded……………………

17. ORALLI TERATURE

Readt hest orybel owandt henanswert hequest i
onswhi chf oll
ow: -
Whenshei st heonl yoneatt hef ootoft hemor tar -
st onest hehenonl yscr at ches
wi t
honepaw.Forshehas, soshet hinks, plent yoft imet ochoosehergr ainsf orcor n.
Pondacer tainl ywasnott heonl ygi rlinM’ badane,butshehadonl yt oappearf or
themostbeaut iful,andf arf r om bei ngf astidi ousanddi fficultt opl easeasmi ghthav e
beenexpect ed, shewasonl yt ooanxi oust of indahusband, asshewasaf r aidofgr owi ng
i
nt oanol dmai d,f orshehadal readyt urnedsi xt een.Ont hei rsi desui torswer enot
l
acki ng:ev er ysi ngl edayhergi rl-
friends’br ot her sandf at her s,y oungmenandol dmen
from ot herv ill
ages, sentgr i
ot sanddi ali
sbear inggi ft
sandf i
newor dst oaskherhandi n
mar riage.
Ifithadonl ydependedonher selfPondawoul dcer tainlybynowhav eababyt ied
onherback, eithergood, orbad- temper edandcr ying.Buti nt hemat terofmar riage, asi n
allthingsagi rlmustsubmi tt oherf ather ’swi ll.Iti sherf at herwhomustdeci dewhom
shei st obel ongt o: a.Pr i
nce, ar ichdi oulaoracommonbadol owhosweat si nt hef ieldi n
thesun;i ti sf orherf athert osayi thewi shest obest owheronapower f ulmar aboutor
ani nsignif i
cantt al i
be.
NowMor ,thef at herofPondahaddemandednei t
hert hei mmensebr ide- priceofa
ri
chman, nort hemeagerpossessi onofabadol o;st il
ll esshadhet houghtofof feringhi s
daught ert oamar aboutort oamar about ’
sdi sci plei nor dert oenl argehi spl acei n
paradi se.Morsi mpl yt oldal lt hosewhocomet oaskf orhi sdaught er ,whet herf or
themsel ves, fort hei rmast ers, fort hei rsonsorf ort hei rbr other s:
“Iwi l
lgi vePondawi thoutdemandi ngbr ide-pr iceorgi ft
s,t ot hemanwhowi llkil
l
anoxandsendmet hemeatbyt heagencyofahy ena;butwheni tarrivesnotasi ngl e
mor sel oft heani mal mustbemi ssing. ”
Thatwasmor edi ff
icul tt hanmaki ngt her ound- car edNar r-the- Moorkeepasecr et
.
Itwasmor edi fficul tt hanent r ust i
ngacal abashf ul lofhoneyt oachi l
dandexpecthi m
nott oev endi phi sl i
t tl
ef ingeri n.Youmi ghtaswel ltrypr ev entt hesunf rom l eav inghi s
homei nthemor ni ngorr et i
ringt obedt ot heendoft heday .Youmi ghtaswel lfor bidt he
thir
st ysandt odr inkt hef irstdr opsoft hef irstr ai ns.Ent rustmeatt oBouki -
the- Hy ena?
Youmi ghtaswel lent rustapotofbut t
ert oabur ningf i
re.Ent rustmeatt oBoukand
prev entherf rom t ouchi ngi t.
Buthow cany ouent rustmeat ;ev endr iedmeatt oahy ena,andpr ev enthert o
touchi t?Itwasani mpossi bl et ask,sosai dt hegr iot sast heyendedt hei rwayhomet o
theirmast ers:sosai dt hemot her swhohadcomeont heirsons’behal f,sosai dt heol d
menwhohadcomet oaskf ort he
beaut ifulPondaf ort hemsel ves.
Aday ’swal kf orm M’ Badanel ayt hev ill
ageofN’ diour .Thei nhabi tant sofN’ Di ou
wer ebynomeansor di nar yf olk’ theywer e, orsot heybel iev ed, t
heonl ymenandt heonl y
womensi nceear li
estt i
mest ohav et amedt hedoubl ehy enas,wi thwhom i nf actt hey
l
ivedi nper fectpeaceandgoodunder standi ng.I tist ruet hatt hepeopl eofN’ Diourdi d
theirshar et omai ntai nt hesegoodr elati
ons.
Ev er yFr idayt heyki l
ledabul lwhi cht heyof fer edt oBouki -the- Hyenaandhert ribe.
Ofal lthey oungmenofN’ Di our ,Biranewast hebestatwr est li
ngaswel laswor kingi n
thef ields,hewasal sot hemosthandsome.Whenhi sgr i
otbr oughtbackpr esent st hat
Morhadr efused, andt oldhi mt hecondi t
ionswhi chPonda’ sf atherhadl ai ddown, Bi rane
saidt ohi msel f:
“Ishal lbet heonet owi nPondaf ormybed, ”Heki ll
edanox, dri
edt hemeat ,andputi tin
agoat skin;t heski nwasencl osedi nacoar secot tonbagandt hewhol et hingpl acedi n
themi ddleof‘ at russst raw.
OnFr iday ,whenBor ukicamewi thherf ami l
yt opar takeoft heof f eringgi v enby
thepeopl eofN’ DiouBi ranewentt oherandsai d, ‘
Mygr iot, whohasnomor esenset han
 ababeatt hebr eastandwhoi sasst upidasanoxhasbr oughtt hef inegi ftst hatIsentt o
Ponda, thedaught erofMorofN’ Badane.Iam cer tainthati fyou, whosewi sdom i sgr eat
andwhoset onguei sashoney ,tookt hi
ssi mpl et russofst rawt oN’ Badanet ot hehouse
ofMory ouwoul donl yneedt osay ,“Biraneasksf ory ourdaught er,“ forhi mt ogr anther
toy ou” .
“Ihav egr ownol d,Bi r
ane,andmybacki snol ongerv eryst rong,butN’ Bar ,t he
oldestof
mychi ldren,i sf ul lofv igourandhehasi nher itedal itt
leofmywi sdom.Hewi llgot o
N’
Badane
fory ou, andIam sur et hathewi l
lacqui nthi msel fwel l
ofy ourmi ssi on. ”
M’ Barsetof fv eryear lyint hemor ni ng,t het russofst rawonhi sback.Whent he
dewmoi stenedt het russofst rawt hepl easantOdouroft hemeatbegant of l
oati nt heai r.
M’ bar -
thehy enast opped,l ift
edhi snosesni ffedt ot her ight,sni ffedt ot hel eft,t hen
resumedhi sway ,al ittl
el esshur ri
edl yitseemed.Thesmel lgr ew st r
onger ,theHy ena
stoppedagai n,bar edhi st eeth,thr usthi snoset ot her i
ght ,tot hel ef t,intot heai r,t hen
turnedr oundandsni ffedt ot hef ourwi nds.Her esumedhi sjour ney ,butnowhesi tat i
ng
allthet ime,asi fhel dbackbyt hispenet rat i
ng,i nsi stentsmel lwhi chseemedt ocome
from al l direct ions.
Notbei ngabl et or esistitanyl onger ,M’ Barl eftt het rackt hatl edf rom N’ Diourt o
N’Badane,madehugeci rcli
ngdet our sint hev eld,f err
et ingt ot her ight,f erretingt ot he
l
ef tcont inual lyr et racinghi sst eps,andt ookt hreewhol eday si nsteadofonet or each
N’Badane.
N’Barwascer t
ai nlynoti nt hebestoft emper swhenheent er edMor ’
shome.He
didnotweart hepl easantexpr essionsofamessengerwhocomest oaskagr eatf av our .
Thi ssmel lofmeatt hati mpr egnat edal lt hegr assandal lt hebushesoft hev eldandst i
ll
i
mpr egnat edt hehut sofN’ Bedaneandt hecour t yardofMor ’shome,hadmadehi m
forgetont he‘ wayf rom N’ Dioural lthewi sdom t hatBi oukihadi nst il
ledi ntohi m,and
stil
ledt hegr aci ouswor dst hatoneal way sexpect sf rom apet i
tioner .M’ Barscar cel yev en
uncl enchedhi st eet ht osay :Assal amoual eyokoum! ”andnobodycoul dev enhearhi s
greet ing;butashet hr ew downt het russofst raw f rom hi sbackhadbentunderi t
s
wei ght ,hemut teredi nav oicet hatwasmor et handi sagr eeabl e, ‘
BitaneofN” Dioursends
yout hist russofst aw andasksf ory ourdaught er.Undert hev eryey esofM’ Bart he
Hy ena, f i
rstast onished, theni ndignant ,t
hencov et ousMorcutt hel i
anar opest hatbound
thet russofast r
aw, openedi tupandt ookoutt hebagofcoar secot ton; from t hecoar se
cot t
onbagofhet ookoutt hegoat -
ski nandf rom t hegoat ski nthepi ecesofdr iedmeat .
‘
Go’ ,‘Mor ,sai dt oM’ Bar -
the- hyena,whonear l
ybur stwi thr ageatt hesi ghtofal l
thatmeathehadunsuspect i
nglyear nedf ort hreeday s, andwhi chwasspr eadout ,t here
wi t
houthi sbei ngabl et otouchasi nglebi t.(fort hef olkofN’ Badanewer enotl iket he
i
nhabi tant sofN’ Diour ,andi nM’ Badanehunt i
ngspear swer el yingal lround) .‘Go, ’sai d
Mor , ‘
goandt ellBi ranet hatIgi vehi m mydaught er .Tellhi mt hathei snotonl yt hemost
spiritedandt hest rongestofal lthey oungmenofN’ Diour , buthei sal sot heshr ewdest .
Hemanagedt oent r
ustmeatt oy ou,hy ena,hewi llbeabl et okeepashar pwat ch
onhi swi feandout wi tal lt
ricks.’

a) Whatt
ypeofor
alnar
rat
iveisthis?
b) St
ateoneeconomicacti
v i
tyoft hecommuni t
yfrom whichthestor
yis
t
aken. c) Whatt woaspect
sofBi rane’
scharactercomeoutinthi
sstor
y?
d) Whatmor allessondowel earnfrom t
hisnar
rati
ve?

e)Identi
fytwosigni
fi
cantdev
icesusedi
nthi
snar
rat
iveandcommentont
hei
r
effect
iveness
f)I
dentif
yt hreeaspect
sofsoci alli
feinthecommunit
yf r
om whi
chtheoral
nar
rat
ivei
sset
18. Readt
hepoem bel
owandanswert
hequest
ionst
hatf
oll
ow.

“SYMPATHY”
Iknowwhatthecagedbi r
dfeels,
alas!
Whenthesunisbrightontheuplandslopes;
Whenthewindstir
ssoftthroughthespr i
nginggr
ass
Andther
iverfl
owsl i
keastream ofglass;
Whenthefir
stbir
dsingsandt hefi
rstbudopens,
Andthef
aintperf
umef rom it
spetalssteals-
Iknowwhatthecagedbi r
dfeels!

Iknowwhyt hecagedbi rdbeatshiswing

Til
lit
sbloodi sredont hecruelbans;
Forhemustf l
ybackf orhisperchandcli
ng
Whenher at
herwoul dbeont hebrancha–swi
ng;
Andapai nst i
l
lthrobsintheold,oldscar
s
Andt heypulseagainwi t
hakeenerst i
ng–
Iknowwhyhebeat shiswing!

Iknowwhyt hecagedbirdsings,ahme,
Whenhiswi ngisbrui
sedandhi sblossom sore,
Whenhebeat shisbarsandwoul dbef ree;
Iti
snotasongofj oyorglee,
Butaprayerthathesendsfrom hishear t
’sdeepcor
e,
Butaplea,t
hatupwardtoHeav enhef li
ngs–
Iknowwhyt hecagedbirdsings!
(
Adapt
edf r
om thepoem byPaulLawr
enceDunbar
I
nAmericanNegropoet
ry,edi
tedbyAr
naBontemps.
NewYork:Hil
landWang,1974)

(
a)Explainbri
efl
ywhatt hepoem i sabout.
(b)Whatdoest hepoetf ocusoni neachoft hethreestanzas?Giveyouransweri
nnot
e
f
orm.
(c)Howwoul dy oudescribet hepersona’
sfeeli
ngst owardsthecagedbi
rd?
(d)Whatcanwei nferaboutt hepersona’
sownexper i
ences?
(e).I
denti
fyasimileinthefirststanzaandexplainwhyi ti
sused.
(f.Expl
) ainthemeani ngoft hefoll
owingli
nes:
(
i)“Andthefaintperfumef rom it
spetal
sst eals”
.
(i
i)“Andtheypulseagai nwi t
hakeenerst i
ng“

SECTIOND-GRAMMAR
1. a) Fil
li
ntheblankswit
hthecor r
ectwor dfrom thebr ackets
i)He………………. ……(
fl
ung/f
lang)t hemudont ot hewal l
.
i
i)Themurdererwas………………………. .(
hung/ hunged)f orhiscri
me.
i
ii
)Theleader…………………..
(dealt/deal
ed)t hecar dsoutt ot heplay
ersbr
iskl
y.
i
v)Theboy …………………….….(l
eaped/ l
ept/
leapt )acrosst heditch
v)She………………………. .
.(
bore/borne) thebur denpat ientl
y

b) Complet
et hepassagebel owwi ththemostappr
opri
atewordfr
om t
heli
stgi
ven:
(br
eath,
breathe,cl
oth, cl
othe,bathe,bat
h)
Nambokaf eltdizzyandshet ookawal
ksoast o…….
.fr
eshai
r.I
twaswhile
wal
kingthatshenot i
cedt hather……………assmel l
ingbadl
y.Shewentt
oherroom,
 brushedherteet
handdecidedto………………hersweat ybody.She put ……………
waterinabasin,undr
essedand thenwrappedhersel
fwithacl ean……………bef
ore
goingtocleanherbody .Afterfi
veminutes,sheemergedcleanandputonher
best……………

c) Suppl ythemi ssingpr

eposi
ti
onsinthefoll
owingsent ences:
-
i)Opemi hasagr eatpassi
on…………………………. …..debtors
ii
)Mymot herprohibi
tedme……………………………. .
.talki
ngt ostranger
s
ii
i)Walukangawasbor n…………………..
…humbl eandGodf earingparent
s
iv)Theheaddr essofAcolii
ssimi
lar…………….thatoft heLuo.

2. (
a)(i)Iam sur ei twasanexci ti
ngexper i
encef orher( Rewr itethesent enceusing‘must
’)
(i
i)Peopleal way swantmor e; i
tdoesn’ tmat t erhowr i
cht heyar e
(Rewr i
tethesent enceusi ng‘ howev er’
)
(i
i
i)Theboyj umpedf r
om school toschool ev eryy ear Rewr
.( i
t etoendwi thschool
)
(
b)Gi vethemeani ngoft heunder li
nedi diomat icexpr essionsi nt hesent ence
(i
)Ther ewasnol ov elostbet weent het wof r i
ends
(i
i
)ThePr esidentandPr imeMi nisterr esolvedt obur ythehat chet .
c)Changet
( hef ollowi ngtodi rectspeech
(i
)Jumpi ngandcl apping, thePast orr emar kedt hatJesuswasonhi sway
(i
i)ThePr ef
ectsai dt hatthest udentwasabsentt hepr ev i
ousday .
d)Usi
( ngthev er binbr ackets, form aphr asalv erbt or eplacet heunder l
inedword
(i
)Thewor ker sf eltthatthemanagementdespi sedt hem ( look)
(i
i
)I tt
akesal otofchal lenget onur tur eachi ldintoanadul t( bring)
(i
ii
)Thepol i
ticiansdi rt
yt r
icksdi dnotsucceed( come)
(e)Fil
linthebl ankspaceswi ththeappr opr i
atef or m oft hewor di nbr ackets
(
i)Theboysai dt hathewas( true)_ _ ___________ _inlov e.
(
ii
)The_ ___
_ __
_ ____ _(mai ntain)oft hev ehiclei squi teexpensi v e.
(
ii
i)Shewasqui te_ ___ ____
_ _______( gratitude)f ort hehonourbest owedonher .
(
f)Filli
nt heblankspaceswi t
ht heappr opriatepr eposi tion
(
i)Tom agr eed_ __ _____ ____
Lona’ sideaofpuni shi ngt hecul prit
(
ii
)Theper f
or mer sf eel i
ndebt ed_ _
_ ______ ___
__ _theschool fort heuseoft hehall

3 a)I dent
if
y,underli
neandcor r
ectthefourwor dsthathavebeenmi s-
spel
tinthe
par
agr
aph
below:-
b)Rewr it
ethef oll
owingsent encesasinstructed
i)TheUNsecur itycounci lhasdeclaredSudanaf ail
edstat
e( begi
nSudan………. )
i
i)Pleasesitdown …… ( addaquest iontag)
i
ii)Theboyisveryfool
ish.Hebeli
eveseveryt
hingIt
ellhi
m.(Rewri
teas1sent
enceusi
ngenough
t
o)
c.)Replacet heunder li
nedwor dswi thasui t
ablephr asalv erb
i
)Iwascompl etelydeceivedbyt heconf identtrickster
ii
)Thef irstthi
ng myuncl edidonl eavingpr i
sonwast ov isi
tus
i
i
i)Het riedtodi sguisehimselfasabeggarbuthi ssof t,cleanhandsbetrayedhi
m
i
v)Pleasesubmi tyourscript
satt heendoft heexam
d)Uset hecor r
ectf orm ofthewor dsgi v
eni nbr ackets
i)Thehusbandt ri
edt orestr
ainhis…. .
...
..
...
...
..
..
..
..
...
..wif
e( aggr
essi
on)
i
i)Suchapol i
cycan………………………. .…..(
Danger )thepoor
ii
i)Theguestofhonourwasgi vena…………. .(Tumul t)welcomebyt hewait
ing
cr
owd
iv
)(Literate)…………………meanst hestateofbei ngunabl et oreadandwr it
e.

4. a)Fi
l
lint
hebl
ankswi
tht
hecor
rectf
orm oft
hewor
dinbr
acket
s
 i
)Hast hemot orboat
……………………………………. i
nt helake.(sink)
ii
)Thecompanyhasempl oyedaspecial
istforthe……………………. ofi
tsmachi ne.(
maint
ain)
i
ii
)Ugandai scontendi
ngagainstt
he………………. .ofKeny angoodsi nthemar kets.
(
domi
nate)
i
v)InKeny a………………………. …….el
ect
ionsareusual l
yhotlycont est
ed.(mayor)
b)Rewri
tethefol
l
owingsent
encesbyrepl
aci
ngtheunder l
i
nedv erbswit
happropr
iatephr
asal
v
erb
i
)Youneedtoreducetheexpenses. -Cutdown
ii
)HeaskedAli
cetomar ryhi
m butsher ejectedhim.-Turnedhi
m down
i
ii
)Iti
snotgoodtodesertone’
sfamily.-Wal kouton
c)Rewri
tet
hefoll
owingsentencesaccordingtot heinst
ructi
ongi
venaft
ereach

i
)Ifhei
snoti l
l,
hewi l
lcome( rewri
teusing‘pr
ov i
ded’)
i
i
)Joanhasseveralf
ri
ends.Al
lofthem ar
eball
etdancer
s.Hermot
heri
sthepr
esi
dentofour
j
udocl
ub.
(Combinei ntoonesent enceusingr elat
ivepronouns)
ii
i)Theprincipalaskedmet oseehi mt hef ol
lowingday.(Changei
ntodir
ectspeech)
iv)Thev i
sit
ort r
eadsont hecar petwithhi smuddyshoes.( Writ
einthepastt
ense)
d)Explaint
hedi ff
er enceinmeani nginthesepai rsofsentences :
a)Harry,ourel derbrother,hasarriv
ed.
Harry
,ourel derbrotherhasar ri
ved.
b)Myuncl est oppedt odr i
nk.
Myuncl est oppeddr inking.

5. 1. Rewr i
tet
hef ol
l
owingsent encesaccordingtotheinst
ructi
ongiven
i)Omondi isaweakst udent.Hecanhar dlywrit
emeaningful
ly Rewr
.( i
teasone
sent
enceusing,“such…………)
ii
)Oneofmycousi nshasgonet otheUSA.( Begi
n,Acousin……..
)
ii
i)Janehasbeenwr it
ingacomposi tion.(Changeintoapassivevoice)
2. Replacetheunder
li
nedwor dwithphrasalverbformedfrom t
hev er
bsgi v
enin
br
ackets
i
)Ihav el eftther elationshipbecausemyboy fri
endisunf aithful.(Wal k)
i
i)Myf at herscol dedmebecauseIhadnotdonet heassignment( tel
l)
3. Suppl yt hecor rectquest iont ag
i
)Letusgot oschool ……………. ..
..
..
....
...
..
i
i)Standup……. ....
...
..
...
...
..
..
....
……. .
4. Uset hecor r
ectf orm oft hewor dgiveni nbr ackets
i
)Themai d..
..
..
...
...
..
....
...
..
..
....
...
..
..
..
.…..(hang)t heblouseont hecl othsl i
ne
y
esterday.
i
i
)I t
…………( cost)ourschool al otofmoneyt osponsordr amaupt othenat ional
s
l
evel
l
asty ear .
i
ii)Wecoul dnot ……………. ..
....
...
..
..
..
..
..
.....
..
..
..
...
(lar
ge)t hepor traitanyf urt
her.
i
v )Youcan’ t………. .
..
...
..
...
...
..
...(Pri
son)achi ldbel owfift
eeny earsofagef or
t
ruancy.
5. Changet hef ol
lowi ngt odi rectspeechori ndirectspeechaccor dingly
(i)Thest rangeraskedmymot herwher emyf atherhadgone( directspeech)
i
i)“Weshal lmeetagai nnextweek, ”sai dthechai r
person(indirectspeech)
6 )Thef
i ol lowingi diom iswr ongl ystated, r
ewr itei
tcorrectly
Ibr
ahim doesn’ tst r
uggleatal l.Heexpect stogetev eryt
hingonasi l
verplat e
)Expl
i
i aint hemeani ngoft hei di
om under l
inedi nthesent encebel ow
Whyar ey ouqui ckt of lyof fthehandl eatme?sai dDrSt ockmann,

6. a) Fi
lli
nt hespaceswi t
hthecorr
ectfor
m ofthewordi
nbrackets
i
)Al
l
…….
..
..
..
..
..….
..
..
..
..
.(pay
)aresupposedtocountthei
rmoneybefor
etheyl
eav
ethe
bank
i
i
)His…………..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.….
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..(
pronounce)di dnotmakesenset
otheaudi
ence.
i
ii
)Janehasa……………. .
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..(wool
)jacket

b)Rewri
tethefoll
owingsent encesaccordingtot heinstr
ucti
onsaf t
ereach.Donotchange
t
he
meaningoftheor i
ginalsentence
i
)Hemanagedt opersuadehert ogo ( Begin:Hesucceeded………. .)
ii
)Sil
enceisnecessaryint heli
brar
y(Begi n:Youmust ………….)
i
i
i)Rimauhasalway sst r
onglysupportedthecol l
egef oot
ballt
eam (use:st
aunch)
c) Replacetheunderl
inedwordineachofthef ol
lowingsent
enceswithanappr
opri
atephr
asal
v
erb
i)Thepr esi
dent ialjetwi l
ll
andat7. 30am.
i
i)They oungmanf abri
catedt hest oryjusttosav ehimsel ffrom theangrycrowd.
i
ii
)Afteraheat edar gument , t
hest udentsdeci dedt ocheckt hemeani ngoft
hewor d
fr
om the
oxford di ct i
onar y.
d) Useonewor dt or eplacetheunder li
nedoneswi thoutchangi ngt hemeaning
i
)Themagi stratefoundhi m gui l
tyoff ail
ur etofulf
illhispar tofthecont
ract…….
.
i
i)Thedoct orconcl udedt hattheboydi edwhenhewasdepr i
v edofai
r
i
ii
)Mybr ot herwasamongt hegr oupofact orsperformi ng,“anenemyoft he
peopl
e”
e)Rewritethefollowi ngsent encescor recti
ngal ltheer r
ors
i
)Hei slooki ngf oranempl oymenti nNair obi
i
i)Thisexer cisecompr isesofr i
gor oust r
ai ni
ngi nthemor ning
i
ii
)Somet imesl asty ear,weagr eedt oi mpr oveourr elationshipwi t
hour
nei
ghbour s

7. a) Rewr i
tethef oll
owi ngasi nstructed.
i)Themot hercannott akecr editforitandnei thercant hedaught er.
(
Rewr itebegi nning: Neither……………. )
ii
)Kar endi i
sthe……………oft het wins. ( Usepr ett
yinitscor r
ectf or
m)
ii
i)Thewar ri
orwasmut il
atedbyt hel i
on...
..
..
..
..
...
(Heisr ecuperati
ngf r
om t he
attack)
b)Uset hecor rectf orm oft hewor dsi nbr acketstocompl etethef oll
owingsent ences.
i)Duet ol ackofpr operdi et,Atieno’schi l
dis……………. .
…….( nourish).
ii
)Tuj uisonemanwhose………………………………( pronounce)issuper b.
ii
i)Wanj ai sav er y………. …( disci
pline)student ,nowondershei salway spunished.
c) Replacet heunder l
i
nedwor dswi ththemostappr opriatephrasalv er
bsf ormedf r
om the
wor dsi nbr acket s.
i)Thebr othersdonotagr eeinpr i
nciples.(Get )
ii
)Her efusedt owi t
hdr awt heinjuriouswor dsonhi sopponent .(Take)
ii
i)Mar iondespi sesherst epsisterbecauseshei sill
iterat
efrom t he(look).
d) Ar ranget headj ectivesi nbracket stof i
llinthegapi neachsent ence.
i
)Hebought…………dr
essasaChr
ist
masgi
ftf
orhi
smot
her
.(l
arge,
cot
ton,
blue,
pret
ty.
)
ii
)The…………mani stheki ng’
sonlyhei r
.(l
ightskinned,handsome,young, shor
t
ii
i)Letust akeaseatatt he…………………………( ovalbeauti
ful,
mahogany)t able
e) Uset hev erbsinbracketstoform correctidiomaticexpressi
onstocompl eteeachoft
he
sentencesbel ow:
i)AlthoughPet erandJohnar ebrothers,theynev erquit
e…………………. .(see).
ii
)Themai zescandal caseiscertai
nlya………( cr
ack) becauset her
eseemsnoheadway .
ii
i)Whensomeonehabi tuall
ystealshewi l
l oneday……………………………( f
ace).

8. (a) Re-
wri
tet
hef
oll
owi
ngsent
encesaccor
dingt
oinst
ruct
ions.Donotchanget
he
meani
ng
 (i
)Ev eni ftheboar ddoesnotmeet ,Iwillpresentmycompl aint.
Begi n; Whet her ..
..
...
...
...
..
..
..
...
..
..
...
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
....
..
..
..
...
..
...
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
(i
i
)Sheopenedt hegat e.Dar knessf el
l. Joinintoonebegi nning;Barely
(i
ii
)Ei therMar yorJohnhav ethekey s. Cor rectthesent ence
b) Thef
( ollowi ngsent encesar eintheact ivev oice.Changet hem i ntothepassive
(i
)Nobodydi dt hewor k
(i
i
)Thepol icear r
est edt het hief
(i
i
i)Theycol l
ectr ubbishev eryThur sday
c) Punct
( uat et hef oll
owi ngsent encescor r
ectly:-
(i
)alonj esai di will
ret urnnextmont h
(i
i)letusl istent ohi mi vanar guedhesoundsr easonabl e”
(d) Uset hecor rectf orm oft hewor dgiveni nbr acketst ofil
lint hegapi neachsent ence
(i
)Thedogbar ked. .
...
...
...
...
..
...
..
..
..
..
...
...
..
..
..
...
...
..
..
....
..
..
..
..
(menace)
(i
i
)Mostoft hest udent swecomeacr oss....
...
..
..
....
..
..
..
..
...
...
..
...
..
..
..
..(
be)lazy.
(i
ii
)God’ poweri s. .
...
....
..
..
...
...
..
..
..
...
..
..
...
..
...
...
..
..
...
..
...
..
..
..
....
(compar e)
e) Re-
( wr i
tet hef oll
owi ngsent encesr eplacingt hebol dwor dswi thgendersensi t
ivewor ds
(i
)Shesneakedbecauset hewat chmanwasasl eep.
(i
i)Themast erondut ymademekneel t
hewhol edayf ormaki ngnoiseinclass.
(
f) Useappr opr i
atephr asalv erbst oreplacet heunder li
nedwor dsi nthesentencesbel ow
(i
)Thi schi ldr esembl est hef ather.
(i
i
)Thet eacher scannol ongert olerateJohn’ sbehav i
our .
(i
i
i)Whatar eliefthatJoanpassedal lherexams.

9. Re-wr
it
ethefol
l
owingsent
encesaccor
dingtotheinst
ruct
ionsgivenaf
tereach
(i
)Hassandi
dnotcomplai
n.Hedidnotrepor
ttothepoli
ce.(Re-
writ
easonesent
ence
usi
ngaconj
unct
ion)
(
ii
)Itwasmysi
sterwhomadei
tpossibl
eformyschool
ing.(Use‘
butf
or’
)
(
ii
i)I
badani
saverylar
get
owni
nAf r
i Uset
ca.( hesuper
lat
ivedegr
ee)

b)Expl
( ai
nthemeaningoftheunderl
i
nedi di
omati
cexpressi
ons:-
(
i)Manypeopl
einthi
scount r
yli
vefrom handt
omout h.
(
ii
)Themanagerreal
izedthatMbuthiawasahardnuttocrack.

(
c) Fillinthebl ankspaceswi ththeappr opri
atefor m ofthewor di
nt hebracket
(i)Weshoul dgiv e____________
__________toouracademi cwork (PREFER)
(ii
)Hi s_ ___________________sur
prisedHi sExcel l
ency ( ELOQUENT)
(ii
i)Peopl er ushedt ot hest r
eetwhent heyhear dthe_ _
_____
_ofthetwo
lorries.(COLLI DE)
d)Repl
( acet heunder linewor di neachoft hefollowingsent enceswithaphrasalverb:
-
(i
)Theol dmandi edqui etl
yl astnight.
(
ii
)Wef eltcompl etelydisappoi ntedbyJohn’ sper f
ormance.
(
ii
i)Jumaal way sv i
sitsduringmeal s.
e)Re-
( wr i
tet hef ollowi ngsent encescorrectly:
-
(
i)Thest udentknockedont hedoorcont i
nuouslyast heotherswatched
(
ii
)Thechi ldi nflatedt hebal l
oont oomucht hatitbur st
(
f)Fil
linthebl ankswi ththemostappr opr i
atepreposi ti
on:-
(
i)Shehasl ivedi nSambur u_ ___
________
_ _
__teny ears.
(i
i)I
tisi mpr opert ohur l
abuses_ _____
_ _
____people.

10 a)Fil
li
neachoft heblankspaceswithaphrasalver
bwhi chmeansthesameast hewordgi
ven*
i
) Thedr i
ver………………………. .
…( star
ted)theli
ght sandsawt hecarjacker
s
i
i) Manygi rls………………………( leave)schoolbeforecompl eti
ngtheirsecondar
y
educati
on
i
ii
) West udyt i
lll
ateinthenightto…………………………….( compensate)thelostt
ime
b)Rewri
tethef oll
owingsentencesf oll
owinginstructi
onsgiveninbrackets
i
)Agnesaccept edtomar r
yAbdalla.Shedidnotknowhehadt wootherwivesalr
eady.
 (Rewr i
teasonesent encebeginning: Obli
viousof……………. .
)
i
i
)“ Akinyiwhydoy oual waysquarrelEdwi n?”heasked
i
i
i)Hei squi t
ehandsome( Begin:How- -
---
--
--
-)
c)Filli
nthefol
lowingsent enceswi thappropriatel
inkingwords
i
)Shecoul dhav ei
mpr oved………………………. .shehadl i
stenedtoherteachers
i
i)Wechei srudetohi sinstr
uctor;
………………,hei sal ovinghusbandandf at
herbackhome
i
ii)Studentsar
epr onet obreakrules;……………. ,theyshouldbeunderst r
ictsur
veil
l
ance
and encouragedt odor i
ght

d)Rewri
tet hefoll
owingsent
encescorrect
ly
i
)IftodaywasSunday ,Iwouldhavegonet ochurch
ii
)Wer et
urnedbacktoschoolbefor
e7.00P. M
ii
i)IwishIwasaswel lprepar
edforK.C.S.
Easy ou
e)Fi
lli
nthebl ankswiththemostappropri
atepersonalpronoun
i) Betweeny ouand……………………. .
(me/I)whoi stall
er?
ii
) Roseand…………………………………….( she/her)lef
tforNair
obi
.
ii
i) Thewi nnersar
eArendiand…………………………. .(her/she)

11. a)Rewr i
tet hef ol l
owingsent encesaccor dingt oi nstruct i
ons.Donotchanget hemeani ng
i
)“ Idon’tknowwhyshecame, ”Okot hr eplied.(Rewr it
ei nr epor t
edspeech)
i
i)Nev elesangt hissong.( Changei ntopassi ve)
i
ii)Peterdoesnothav eanymoney .(Changei nt oaf fir
mat iv
ef or
m)
i
v )Iwasnotsur prisedt hatNanj endot rekkedt hatf ar.(Rewr i
tebegi nning:That….
b) Compl etet hef ol l
owi ngsent encesusi ngt heappr opr iatef orm oft hewor dsinbrackets
i
)Swi sswat chesar efamousf ort heir_ _______ _______ _(precise).
ii
)Such_ ___ ___ ____
_ _________
_( repeat )ser vesnopur pose.
iii
)The_ _____ ___ _
___ ______(cl
ear )oft hespeechi mpr essedus.
iv)Thepol i
cesai ditwasast range_ ____ __
_ ______ ____(occur )
c) Useanappr opr iatewor dtocompl eteeachoft hef oll
owi ngsent ences
i)Shewasi ngr eatpai n_ _____
_ ____di dnotcompl ain.
ii)Mat umbay i earnshi sli
ving___ ________sel li
ngsecondhandcl othes.
iii
)Thepr eacherspokef orhour s;__ _________ ____Idi dnotgetwhathewassay i
ng
iv)“For__ ____ _______ _hav eyoubr oughtt hisf ood? ”Tor toiseaskedt heserver
s
d) Rewr i
tethef ollowingsent ences, i
nser ti
ngal lpunct uat ionmar ksint hecorrectplaces
i
)t heriverbet weent het eachersai dwasNgugi wat hiongo’ sfirstnov el
i
i)tom hadonegr eatdesi retobecomeadoct or
iii
)itspitywehav etol iveonchar i
tyhel ament ed

12. a)Rewr it
et hefol l
owi ngaccor dingt othegi veninst r
uctionswi t
houtchangi ngthe
meaning
i
)Itwast hef i
rsttimet heschool performedwel l(Begin:Nev erbefor
e…………)
i
i)Itisbet t
ertospendahol idayatt hecoastt hant ogoov erseas,
(
Begi n:Spendi ng….Use‘ preferable’inplaceofbet ter)
ii
i)Mul wa’slegi sst il
linacastaf terlastmont h’
smat ch.Hewi llhav
et owatchthe
mat chf r
om t hegr andst and( combi nei ntoonesent ence, usi
ngar el
ati
ve
pronoun)
iv)‘There’sal i
t t
lefoodl eftfory oui ntheki tchen.’Will
iam’smot hertoldhim.
(
Rewr iteinindirectspeech)
b)Rewr it
et hef oll
owi ngsent encescor r
ectly:
i
)Jai
roi smor ebet tereducat edt hanSai si.
i
i)Hehast hetendencyofv isi
tingpeopl elatehour s.
ii
i)Whenshecamei n, i
twasal lcalm butal loverasuddent hehousebecame
noisy.
c)Replacet heunder l
inedwor dswi thsuitablephrasalverbsformedf r
om thewordsi
n
br
acket
s
 i
)Thelatestachi evementdeservesacelebrati
on(cal
l)
.
i
i)Thepatientregainedconsciousnessat2pm ( come).
i
ii
)Iwil
l workhar dtocompensat ethewastedt i
me( make).
d) Expl
ainthedifferenceinmeaningoft hefol
lowingpairofsentences
i)Ionl
yhear dthenewsbr i
efl
y
i
i)Ionl
yhear dthenewsi nbr i
ef

e) Fil
li
ntheblankspaceswitht
hecorr
ectpr
eposi
ti
on
i
)Theteachercongrat
ulat
edhim………………………………hi sgr
aduat
ion.
i
i)Nootherbeingcanbecompared………………………………….God.
i
ii
)Theydisagr
eed…………. .
………………….…whoshouldbechosent
hepref
ect
.

13. (a)Compl et
eeachoft hefoll
owingsentencesbyselect i
ngthecor rectalt
ernat
ivefr
om
thewor dsinthebrackets (5mks)
(
i)Ourschool wil
lmov etoanew_ __
______
____________
nexty ear.(cit
e,site)
(
ii
)Hav eyou_ __
______
___permissi
onf r
om thet eacher?(sought, sort)
(
ii
i)The_________
_______
___st
oreinthecit
yiswel l-
stocked.(stati
onary,
stat
ionery)
(
iv)Maryisthe_ __
_______
____
_ofthet wosisters.(t
all
est,t all
er)
(
v)Neithertheteachernorthecook_ _
______
__ _
_ __
____ar
rived.(have, has)

(b)Rewr
it
eeachoft
hef
oll
owi
ngsent
encesasi
nst
ruct
ed.Donotchanget
hemeani
ng
(
5mks)
(
i)Theresident
ssawt heburglarentert
hehouse( Rewrit
einthepassi
vev oi
ce)
(
ii
)Hedr ankthewateryest
er day.(
Rewrit
ebeginning:Thewaterwas..
..
..
..
..
)
(
ii
i)Assoonasthet
eamsar r
ived,t
hecompetit
ionbegan.(
Rewri
tebegi
nni
ng:No
sooner
..
..
..
..
..
.
(i
v)Boy sar
eplayful
andqui ckont hei
rfeet
.Theyar ealsocur
iousandli
keto
explore.
(Combi
neusing...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
”notonly”
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
)
(v)Thetouri
stknowssomeKi swahili
.HeunderstandswhatIsay.(Rewr
iteasone
sent
enceusing.
..
..
..
”enough”.
..
..)

(c)Fil
li
nt heblankspaceswi thanappr opri
atepreposi
ti
onalphrasemadewi ththe
wordi nbrackets
(
3mks)
(
i)Theycrossedt heriver____
_______
_____
__aboat.(
means)
(
ii
)_ _
________
_ ___
___t
heschool rul
esandr egul
ati
onseverystudentshoul
dbein
f
ull
schooluni form.(Accordance)
(
ii
i)_____
______thepref
ect ’
snegli
gence,hewasdemot ed.(account)
(d)Expl
ainthedifferenceinmeani ngbetweenthesesentences
(
2mks)
(
i)Thehawkerwassel lingtenday-ol
dchicks.
(
ii
)Thehawkerwassel li
ngten-dayoldchi
cks.

14. A)Identi
fy,
underli
neandcorr
ectthef ourwor dsthathavebeenmi s-
pel
tint
heinthe
par
agraphbelow. (4mks)
Wedidn’tgi
vehimt hepr
ivi
l
edgeofr epresentingusont heDist
rictEnvir
onment
al
Commi t
teebecausehehasat endencyofdi sagreei
ngeithereveryone.Heembarr
asses
hi
mselfbypretendi
ngtobesoknowl edgeabl e.

B.Rewr
itet
hefol
lowingsent
encesasi
nst
ruct
ed. (3mks)
i
)Shereal
i
zedthatshehadmadesuchaseri
ousbl
under
. (
Rewr
it
eusi
ng“
what
”)
 i
i
)Justincasey
ouchangeyourmind,
cal
lthi
snumber
. (
Begi
n:shoul
d……….
)
i
i
i)Idon’
tknoweit
heroft
hem, (End………………..t
ome)

C.Fil
li
nt hebl ankspaceswi t
hthecor
rectpr
eposi
ti
on. (
4mks)
i
)Ny awira,get…………………….Thewetwal li
mmediatel
y!
i
i)Mysi ster
sandIwi l
lsharet
hispi
eceofl
and…………………………………our
sel
ves.
i
ii
)Wewonder edifther
ewasneed…………………………suchequipment
.
iv)Mwel adippedt hebucket………………………………t hewell.

D.Usethecorr
ectf
orm ofnounsgiveni nbracket
s. (4mks)
i
)These……………………( st
udent)phoneswer econfi
sti
cated.
ii
)Therear
emany………………………( hero)whof oughtforouri
ndependence.
ii
i
)Howmany……………………. .
(edi
tor-
in-chi
ef)wereinvit
ed?.
iv
)Thismustbeyour………………………. .(fat
her–i n-
law)car.

15.(a)Rewr it
et hefol l
owingsentencesaccor di
ngtotheinstr
ucti
onsgiven.Donotchange
the
meani ng. (
3mks)
(i)Thet eacherf oundouthowi ntell
igentOmollowaswhenhest ar
tedthediscussi
on
(Begi n:Itwasnot ………………………………………………
(ii
)Thepr efectf orgaveAchimo, butonlybecausesheapologized
(
Begi n:If…………………………………………………
(ii
i)“Congr at ul
ations!All
thebestinal ly
oudo!”theprinci
palt
oldthegraduands.
(Rewr i
t einrepor t
edspeech)

(
b)Usethecorr
ectf or
m ofthever
bgi
veni
nbracket
stofi
l
lintheblanksi
nthe
f
oll
owingsentences (4mks)
(
i)Thedramacl ubpatr
onwant
edawri
tten__
___
____
_fr
om thestudent
sfol
l
owing
t
hei
r
misconductduringthefest
ival
s.(apol
ogi
ze)
(
ii
)Yourexpl anat
ionisbasedont oomany______
_____
.( presume)
(
ii
i)Thegov ernmenthaslostall_
_ _
_foll
owi
ngtheincreasi
ngcasesofcor
rupt
ion
i
nhi
gh
places. (cr
edi
ble)
(
iv)Expectantmot
her
sshouldnotdo_
___
___
___
___
_wor
k.(
str
ain)

(c)Rewr i
teeachofthef
oll
owingsent ences,repl
acingt
heunder
li
nedwor
dwi
tha
suitable
phrasalv
erb (3mks)
(i
)Thesuspectconfessedaft
eral ongi nt
errogat
ion.
(i
i)Ny amburarej
ect
edWaiyaki’
sproposal formarri
age
(i
ii
)Ourpr i
ncipal
doesnottol
erateindisci
pli
ne

(d)Puttheadj
ect
ivesgiveninbracketsi
nt hecor
rectordertofil
li
nt heblankspacei
n
eachsent
ence(2mks)
(i)Heboughta______
________
_dressforhismother(l
arge,cott
on, bl
ue,part
y)
(ii
)The_ _
____
___
_______
_ _
__mani stheKing’
sheir(
Light-
skinned,handsome, y
oung,
shor
t)

(
e)Fill
intheblankspaceswiththecorrectpreposit
ion (
3mks)
(
i)Everymemberi senti
tl
ed______
__oneacr eofland.
(
ii
)Johnisv er
yexcited___
_____
__goingtoIndia.
(
ii
i)Hehasbeendown_ _____
_____
___malari
af orthelastt
hreeday
s.

16. ( a)Rewr
it
ethef
oll
owi
ngsent
encesaccor
dingt
othei
nst
ruct
ionsgi
venaf
tereach:
-
(4mks)
 (i
)Themai ni snott obl ame.Theboy sar eal sonott obl ame.( combi neintoone
sent enceusi ngnei ther …. nor…. .
)
(i
i)Hepai dt hebi llandt hissur prisedme.( Re- writet hesent encest art
ingwith:His….)
(i
ii
)Hecomest oschool late.Thi shasbeenaconcer nf ormanypeopl e.
(Joi nt het wousi ngager und)
(i
v)Hewont her ace.Iam notsur prised( Begi n:That ……. .)
(b)Repl acet heunder linedwor dswi thasui t
abl ephr asalv erb (
3mks)
(i
)Iwascompl etelydecei v edbyt het hief.
(i
i)Thet eacheror der edt hest udent st osubmi tthei rscr iptsatt heendoft heexam.
(i
ii
)Iwi llvisity oui fIgott ime.
(
c)Changet hef ol l
owi ngsent encesi ntot hepassi ve
(3mks)
(i)Theor gani zationbor et hebur den
(i
i)Thet raineepi lotf l
ewt hepl ane.
(iii
)Tom i sridingt hebi cy cle.
(d)Indicatewhet hert hev er bint hef ollowi ngsent enceshasbeenusedt r
ansit
ively
ortransi tively. (
3mks)
(i)Tomasdr i
veshi scarev er yday …………………………………………………………
(ii)Thegi rl weptbi tterly……………………………………………………………………
(iii
)Wehav et ogr owmai zeev er yy ear …………………………………………………
(e)Under linet headj ect i
v al phrasesont hef ol l
owi ngsent ences
(2mks)
(i)Thanky ouf orbei ngsoki nd.
(ii)Mymechani ci squi teski ll
ful.
17. a)Compl et eeachoft hef ol l
owi ngsent encesbysel ect i
ngt hecor r
ectalt
ernati
vef r
om
thewor dsi nt hebr acket s (5mks)
(i
)Ourschool wi l
l mov etoanew_ ____ _____ _
_ ______ ___nexty ear.(cit
e,si t
e)
(i
i)Hav ey ou_ ____ _____ __per missi onf r
om t het eacher ?( sought , sor
t)
(i
ii
)The_ __ ____ _______ ____ _storei nt heci tyi swel l-stocked.( stati
onary, st at
ionery)
(i
v)Mar yist he_ ______ ___ _____oft het wosi st ers.(tallest ,t all
er)
(v)Neithert het eachernort hecook_ ____ _____ _
_ ______ arrived.(have, has)

(b)Rewr
it
eeachoft
hef
oll
owi
ngsent
encesasi
nst
ruct
ed.Donotchanget
hemeani
ng
(
5mks)
(i)Ther esident
ssawt hebur gl
arent erthehouse( Rewrit
einthepassi
vev oi
ce)
(ii
)Hedr ankthewat eryesterday .(Rewri
tebeginning:Thewaterwas..
..
..
..
..
)
(ii
i)Assoonast het eamsar rived,thecompet it
ionbegan.(Rewri
tebegi
nning:No
sooner
...
...
..
..
.
(iv)Boysar eplayfulandqui ckont hei
rfeet.Theyarealsocuri
ousandliketoexpl
ore.
(Combine
usi
ng. ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
”notonly ”
..
...
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
)
(v)Thet our i
stknowssomeKi swahi l
i
.Heunder standswhatIsay.(
Rewr i
teasone
sent
ence
usi
ng. .
..
..
.”
enough” .
..
..
)

(c)Fil
li
nt hebl ankspaceswi thanappropr i
atepr eposi
tionalphrasemadewit
hthe
wordi nbracket s
(
3mks)
(i
)Theycr ossedt her i
ver___
______
_____
_ __
_aboat .(
means)
(i
i)__
_______________theschoolrul
esandr egulationseverystudentshoul
dbeinful
l
school
uni
form.( Accor dance)
(i
ii
)____
_ _
_ _
_ _
_thepr efect
’snegli
gence,hewasdemot ed.(account)
(d)Expl
aint hedifferenceinmeaningbet weent hesesent ences
(
2mks)
(
i)Thehawkerwassel li
ngtenday -
oldchi cks.
 (
ii
)Thehawkerwassel
l
ingt
en-
dayol
dchi
cks.

18.(
a).Uset hecorrectform oft hewor dgiveninbr acket stofi
llinthegapineachsent ence.
(i
)The_ __
_________
_ ofther ightofexpressioni nav i
olat
ionofhumanr ights(den)
(
ii
)Sav ingthechildfrom t hebur ninghousewasa_ _____
__ _
_____
_ _
__act.(
hero)
(
ii
i)Theywer easkedt o__ ___________
___________theal arm( act
ive)
(
i).
Wecancont rolthespr eadofHI V/AIDSbyeducat i
ngt hepublic
(Begin:Thespr eadof…………………………. ………. .)
(
ii
).Themanwasar rested.Hi scattl
edest royedt hemai zeintheschool f
arm.
(
Rewr it
easonesent ence)
(
ii
i)
.MountKi l
imanjar oist hehighestMount aininAf r
ica.
(
Rewr it
eusing“ higher“ insteadof“highest ”)

( .Fi
b) l
linthebl ankswi ththecor rectal t
ernati
vef rom thechoi cesgiven.
(i
)Who_ ___ __________________af ir
eout sidemyhouse?( Light/
li
ghted/li
t).
(
ii
)Sincet hei ntroductionofcommuni t
ypol ici
nginourest ates____
_ _
_ _
_oft hef thave
reduced.( Incidence/ inci
dent /i
ncidents)
(i
ii
)Anel ephantl ooksaf t
er_ ______
_____ _
_ _
______
_ _
_ calf.(i
t’
s/its)
(
c).Rewr it
et hef oll
owi ngsent encest oremov egenderbi as
(
i)Apr ofessorshoul dgi vehisst udentsoppor tunit
iest odev el
optheirskil
ls.
(
ii
)Mysi sterwasappoi ntedChai r
manoft hewat erpr ojectcommi tt
ee,
(
ii
i)Thef ir
emant ookal ongt i
met oar r
iveatt hesceneoft heaccident.
(
d).(i)JomoKeny attathef ir
stpr esidentofKeny awasagr eator at
or.(
Punct uatet hesentence)
(i
i)Thet eacherofEngl isht aughtaboutTheTowni nHal faDayandOt hershor tstori
es
(
punct uatet het i
tl
e( s)inthesent ence)
(
ii
i)ChinuaAchebe, woleSoy inka,Babadej oBabaf enyithesear esomeoft her enowned
Nigerianwr i
ters.
(
Punct uateusi ngt hedash)
 SECTI
ONI
II
-(pp3)

I
MAGI
NATI
VECOMPOSTI
ON ANDESSAYSBASEDONSETTEXTS

TheEnglishpaperthreehasat otaloffi
vequesti
ons.From t
heseboththefi
rstand
secondquesti
onsar ecompulsory.Thelearneri
stochooseonequest i
onf r
om t
hethreegiv
en
normalref
err
edt oastheopt i
onalsettext
s.Alltheanswersi
neachoft hesequest
ionsshould
bepresent
edinpr osefor
m andnoti npointform.
Thediff
erentpartsofthispaperhavebeenwel ldi
scussedbelow

1.Imaginativ
ecomposi ti
on
Thisareat eststhelearner’
scapabili
tytocr eati
velycomeupwi t
hanexciting,capt
ivat
ing
andmov ingor i
ginalstory.
I
nt hi
sar ea,thecandi dat
ecanbeaskedt owr i
teacompositi
oneitherbeginningor
endingwithgivenphr asesorsent ences.
Thelearnerorcandi datecanal sobeaskedt owr i
teastor
yil
lust
rati
ngapr overbora
sayi
ng.Cr edi
bil
ityandr el
ev anceisverycrucial
att hisstage.
Thecandi dateshouldwi selymaket herightchoiceofthequesti
on.Thef oll
owingare
examplesofquest i
onsoni magi nati
vecomposi tions

I
MAGINATIVECOMPOSITI
ON(COMPULSORY)
QUESTI
ON1
QUESTI
ON2( COMPULSORY)
QUESTI
ON3( OPTI
ONAL)
i
)SHORTSTORY
i
i
)DRAMA–SHREDSOFTENDERNESS

i
ii
)THENOVEL
VELMAPOLLARDS:
HOMESTRETCH
QUESTI
ON3C

A-I
MAGI
NATI
VECOMPOSI
TION

1. Eit
her
a) Wr i
teacomposi ti
onendingwi t
hthewor ds:Theevent
softhepr evi
ousdaylef
tme
chall
engedtobegi nanewl i
fe
Or
b)Wr i
teacomposi ti
onent i
tl
ed“ Loveconquersall
”
2. Eit
her
(a)Wr i
teacomposi tiontoil
lustrat
ethesaying“Donotcountyourchicksbef
oretheyar
e
hatched”
Or
(b)Writeastoryending;“Si
ncethenmybrotherandIhav
ebeengoodfrends”
i

3. IMAGINATIVECOMPOSITION(Compulsory
)
Ei
ther
a)Writ
eacompositi
onbeginni
ng“Ever
ybodywasv
eryexci
ted,l
i
ttl
edidweknowthatat
t
hatmoment ………….
Or
b)Writ
eacompositi
ontoil
lust
rat
ethesayi
ng“Abi
rdi
nhandi swortht
wointhebush.
”

4. Eit
her
a)Wr
it
east or
yendi
ngwi
tht
hef
oll
owi
ngsent
ence: “
…….
.t
hanky
oui
twasonl
ya
ni
ght
mar
e.”
Or
b)Wr
it
eacomposi
ti
ont
oil
l
ust
rat
ethesay
ing:“
Ajour
neyofonet
housandmi
l
esbegi
ns
wi
th
onestep.”
5. Ei
t her
(a)Wr it
eacomposi ti
onendi ng:
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
.fr
om thatday ,wheneverIseehi m myheartisfi
l
ledwi
thbi
tt
erness.
or
(b)Wr it
east orytoill
ustratetheproverb:‘Oncebit
tentwiceshy.
’
6. Either
a)Wr it
east orybeginning:
Hest eadil
ywal kedtowar dsmewi thabr oad,warm smil
e,butasweshookhands,I
realizedhewasav oi
dingey econtact…………….
Or
b)Wr it
eacomposi ti
ont oil
lustr
atethesay i
ng:
“Thosewhol i
veingl asshousesshoul dnotthr
owst ones.
”

7. I
magi nat
iveComposit
ion(compulsory)
Ei
ther
;
(a)Writ
eastorytoendwiththefoll
owingsentence:-
…………………I fIhadknown,Iwouldhav ethoughttwicebef
oremaki
ngt
hatstat
ement
.
Or;
(b)Wr i
teastor
ytoill
ustr
atethefol
lowingsaying:
-
Youreapwhatyousow.
8. Ei t
her
(
a)Wr i
teanessaytoil
l
ustrat
ethesay i
ng:“Theearlybir
dcat
chest
heworm”.

Or
(b)Wr i
teastorybeginni
ng: Ther ewasanairofcel
ebrat
ion.
..
9. Eit
her
(a)Wri
teacomposi t
ionending:
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.f
rom thatday,wheneverIseehim myhearti
sfi
l
ledwi
thbi
tt
erness.
or
(b)Wri
teast orytoil
lust
ratetheprov
erb:‘Oncebi
ttent
wiceshy.
’

10. Ei
ther
a)Writeastoryendi
ng
Ireali
zedthatIwoul
dneverhav
easecondchancei
nli
fe
Or
b)Wr i
teastorytoil
l
ustr
atet
hefol
lowi
ngsayi
ng
“Atort
oisemaybesl owbuthesel
dom fal
l
s”

11. Ei
ther
a)Wr i
teastorybegi
nni
ngwi th
“I
tlookedquit
eeasyatfir
st…………………….”
Or
b)Wr i
teastorytoil
l
ust
ratethepr
over
b;Toomanycooksspoi
lthebr
oth

12. Ei t
her
a)Writ
eastor
ythati
l
lustr
atethesayi
ng:
-abi
rdinhandisworthtwoi
nthebush
Or
b) Wr i
teacomposi
tionbeginni
ngwit
hthesentence:
-f
rom t
heout
setonecoul
dsee
thatal
ot
 wasawai t
ingus.
13. Either
(a)Wri
teacomposi ti
onbeginningwit
hthef
oll
owingsent
ence:‘Johncoul
dnotstandup
byhi
msel ft
hatpart
icul
armor ni
ng’
Or
(b)Writ
eacomposi tionont hemeasuresthathavebeent akeniny ourcountr
yto
preservef
orests

14. Either,
i
)Wr i
teacompositionwi t
ht hefol
l
owingendi
ng;
………………t hatexperiencetaughtmenevertowishtobesomebodyelse. (20mks)
Or:
i
i
)Wr i
teastorytoil
lustrat
et hesayi
ng“Youcannotcl
imbthel
adderofsuccesswi
thyour
handsi
nt hepocket .
” ( 20mks)

15. Eit
her
(
a)Wri
teacomposi
ti
onending“Theeventsoft
hatdaywil
lremainpri
ntedi
nmymi
ndf
or
ev
er.
”
Or
(
b)Wri
teacomposi
ti
onsupport
ingthestat
ement“Char
it
ybeginsathome.”

16. Ei
ther
(
a)Wri
teacomposit
ionshowingt
hatt
hestrongdonotal
way
ssucceed.
Or
(b)Wri
teastor
yendingwit
h:Iwi
shIhadknownearl
ier
.

17. Ei
ther
a)Wr i
teastor
yill
ustrat
ingthesayi
ng,‘
Bett
ertohavet
ri
edandfai
l
edthanneverto
havetr
iedatall
’
Or
b)Wr i
teastorywit
ht hefol
lowingbegi
nni
ng:
Thiswasnoor dinarydayforachil
dorphanedbyHI
VandAIDS.Neverbef
orehadt
he
fut
urelooked…………. .

SECTI
ONB-COMPULSORYQUESTI
ONS

1. Thecompul sor ysettext:AnEnemyofThePeopl e

“Noat t
emptt omani pulateDr .
ThomasSt ockmannwoul dbearanyfruits.
”Writ
ea
composi ti
ont o
suppor t
2. Henr i
ckIbsen: Anenemyoft hepeopl e
“Thechar acterofaper sonandt her olehepl ay
sinthesoci etyareveryimport
ant.
”
Usi ngThomasSt ockmanni nHenr ikIbsen’s“Anenemyoft hepeople” ,wri
tea
composi tiont oill
ustratet hestatementabov e.
3. DRAMA( COMPULSORY)
Henr i
kI bsen“ Anenemyoft hepeopl e”
Wr it
eacomposi ti
onont hei roni
ci nstancesinHenri
kIbsen’ s“Anenemyoft hepeopl
e”
4. Dr ama( compul sor y
)
“Man’ snat urei sbasi cal
lycont r
ol l
edbyhi smateri
alisti
cnat ur
e.“Wr it
eacomposition
dr awingy ourexampl esf rom PeterSt ockmannandAsl aksent ojust
ifythisst
atement
.
5. Thecompul sorysett ext
Henr i
ckIbsen, Anenemyoft hepeopl e
Wr i
teacomposi tiontoshowt heconsequencesofst andingupf ort
het ruthi
na
conser
v ati
ve
soci ety. Dr awy ourill
ustrat
ionsf orm HenrickI
bsen’
s‘ AnEnemyoft hePeople’
6. TheCompulsor
ySetText (
20mks)
‘
AnEnemyOfThePeopl e’
.ByHenri
ckIbsen.
Wri
teanessayonthei
ll
sinthesoci
etyaspresent
edbyt
heaut
hor
.

7. Henr ickI bsen, ‘Anenemyoft hePeopl e’

Usingi l
lust rat i
onsf rom Henr i
ckI bsen’s‘ Anenemyoft hePeopl e’,writeanessayt ojusti
fy
the
st
at ement :“ Thef i
ghtagai nstcor r
upt i
oni nasoci etyist r
ickyasi tfight sback. ”
8. I bsenHenr i
k’ s‘ AnEnemyoft hePeopl e’
“Soci et ycannotpr ogr essbecausemostpeopl earebl i
ndedbyshor t-term gai nsand
sel fi
shmot ives’ .Basi ngy ouri l
lustrations
9. I bsenHenr i
k’ s‘ AnEnemyoft hePeopl e’
“Soci et ycannotpr ogr essbecausemostpeopl earebl i
ndedbyshor t-term gai nsand
sel fi
shmot ives’ .Basi ngy ouri l
lustrationsont hepl ay‘Anenemyoft hePeopl e’writ
ean
essayt hati llust rat est hisstat ement .
10. Henr ikIbsenspl ay“ Anenemyoft hepeopl e”
Wi thi ll
ust rat ionsf rom t hepl ay“ AnEnemyoft hepeopl e”Wr i
teanessayt oi ll
ustratethe
St at ement
“Badgov er nancer esul tswhent heci t
izenschooset of oll
owt heirleader sbl indly.”
Anenemyoft hepeopl e byHenr i
cI bsen
11. Dr ama( compul sor y)
Enr ickI bsen: Anenemyoft hepeopl e
Doct orSt ockmanf acesmanyobst aclesonhi swayt oachi evehi spur pose.
Discusst hi swi thr ef erencet o“ AnEnemyoft hepeopl e”
12. Thecompul sor ysett ext .
Anenemyoft hepeopl e: I
bsenHenr i
k
Usi ngi ll
ust rationsf rom t het extshowhowt het hemeofbet r
ayal hasbeenpor tr
ay ed
13. Dr ama( Compul sor y)
Henr ickI bsen; AnEnemyoft hePeopl e.
Pet erSt ockmanpr etendst obequi t echar i
tableandconsi derateoft hepl i
ghtoft he
town’ speopl ey ethei sact ual l
ybot hcunni ngandsadi sti
c.Di scusst hisst atement
drawi ngi llust rationsf rom t hepl ay.
14. EnemyOfThePeopl e
i
)Dr awi ngy ouri l
lust rationsf rom Henr i
kI bsen; AnEnemyoft hePeopl e,writea
composi tion
out li
ni nghowDr .St ockmann’ sgoodi ntentiont opurif
yhi ssoci etyar e
thwart
ed/ under mi ned.
15. Henr ickI bsen, ‘
AnEnemyoft hepeopl e’
Usi ngi ll
ust rationsf rom Henr i
ckI bsen’ spl ay;‘AnEnemyoft hePeopl e’wr i
teanessay
ent itl
ed: “Thest rongestmani nt hewor ldi shewhost andsal one. ”
16. Henr ikIbsen: Anenemyoft hepeopl e
“Thechar act erofaper sonandt her olehepl ay sinthesoci etyarev eryimpor tant.
”
Usi ngThomasSt ockmanni nHenr ikIbsen’ s“Anenemyoft hepeopl e”,wr i
tea
composi t
iont oi ll
ust ratet hest atement

C-ESSAYSBASEDONSETTEXTS(
Opt
ional
)
I
-SHORTSTORI
ES
1. ‘
HalfaDayandOt herStori
es’
Commentonhowi gnorance,greedandcor rupti
onhav eledtot hesuff
eri
ngofpeopl
ein
Sai
da,
Hagi-
Diri
eHerzi
’s“GovernmentbyMagi cSpell”
2. Macmi l
l
an(Ed)‘Halfadayandot herstor
ies’
TheHandsTheHandsoft heBl acksisacaseofr acialbiasness’.Di
scussthi
sst
atement
usi
ngLuisBernadoHonwana’ s.TheHandsoft heBl acks
3. Theshor tst
ory:Macmi l
lan(Ed)Hal fadayandot herstories.
Writ
eacomposi t
iont oj
ustif
ythest atement“Johnistobl amef orthedeathofWamuhu”
 basi ngy ouri l
lustrationsonNgugi WaThi ongo’s“Ameet ingint heDar k”
4. Macmi ll
an( Ed) ,halfadayandot herst ories.
Wr it
eacomposi t
ionhi ghli
ght i
ngt hechal lengesofi nter-
racialrelati
onshi psasr evealed
int hest oryBr eaki ngLoosebyMoy ezVassanj i
5. Macmi ll
an( Ed. ),Hal faDayandot herst or i
eswi threferencet ost ory‘ TheHandsoft he
Bl acks’ byLui sBer nadoHonwana, justifyt heasser ti
ont hatracism i sacr eationof
indi vi
dual s. ( 20mks)
6. Macmi lan( Ed), ‘
Hal faDayandOt herSt or i
es. ’
Wi thr eferencet ot heshor tst ory‘Handsoft heblacks’byLui sBer nadoHonwana,wr i
te
acomposi ti
ononhowwhi tesat t
emptt oj ust i
fytheirmistreatmentand expl oitationof
thebl ackr ace.
7. Macmi ll
an( E.d.),‘Hal faDayandot herst ories’
Wi thi ll
ustrationsf rom Pet erNazar eth’s‘ MoneyMan’ ,writ
eanessayt oil
lustratethe
say ing: ‘moneycannotbuyhappi ness” .
8. Macmi ll
an( Ed) ,Hal faDayandot herst ories
Wr i
teanessayont hecompl i
cati
onst hatar isefrom Akot oandYasmi n’sr el
ationship
rightf rom t hest art-basingy ouril
lust rationsonMoy ezVassanj ’sstor y‘BreakingLoose’
9. Macmi ll
an( Ed)Hal faDayandOt herSt ories
Dr awi ngy ouri ll
ust rati
onsf rom “Gov ernmentbymagi cspel l
”bySai daMagi -DirreMenzi ,
Wr i
teanessayont hesay ing“ Powercor rupt sandabsol ut
epowercor r
upt sabsol utely.
”
10. Macmi ll
an( Ed)Hal fADayandOt herSt or ies
Drawi ngy ouri l
lust rati
onsf r
om “ Gov ernmentbymagi cspell”bySai daHagi DirreHenzi,
wr it
eanessayont hesay i
ng,“Powercor ruptsandabsol utepowercor ruptsabsol utely
11. Macmi ll
an( Ed),Hal fadayandOt herst or i
es
Wr i
teanessayent itled: “
Af ri
cansshoul dnotcel ebratethenewmi llennium. ”Basey our
ar gumentont her easongi veni nHav uaTuma’ sstory-“Whocar esf orthenew
mi llennium. ”
12. Hal faDayandOt herSt ori
es: (20mks)
“HamaTumai sagai nstill
si nsoci ety ”
.Wr iteanessayi nsuppor toft hest atement .Draw
y
our
i
ll
ustr
ationsfrom HamaTuma’ sshortstor
y,‘
Gover
nmentbyMagicspel
l’
.
13. Macmi l
l
an( ed)
,HalfaDayandot herStor
ies
“
School i
snotapuni shment.I
tisthefactor
ythatmakesusef
ulmenoutofboy
s.”
Wri
t eacomposi t
ionin
14. Halfadayandot herstor
ies-
Basi
ngonNgugi
’
sst
oryameet
ingi
nthedar
k,wr
it
eanessayt
ohi
ghl
i
ghtpr
obl
emsofpr
emar
it
al
sex.
15. Macmi ll
an(Ed) ,
HalfaDayandot herStori
es
UsingNgugiwaThi ong’o“Mar
tyr
”wr it
eanessayt oshowt hatNjorogewasboundtodie
as
hedi d
16. Macmi ll
an(Ed.)‘HalfaDayandot herstori
es’Sai
daHagi-Dir
ieHerzi
e‘Againstt
he
Pleasure
Princi
ples’
.
Wr i
teacomposi t
iontoshowthatRahmaandot herwomendi dnotgot hr
ough
ci
rcumci sionbut
femal egenitalmutil
ati
on.
17. Macmi ll
an(Ed)halfadayandotherstories.
“Powercor ruptsandabsolut
epowercor r
uptsabsol
utel
y”justi
fyt
hisstat
ementbasi
ng
yourargumentonSai daHagiDir
iesstory“GovernmentbyMagi cSpell
”

I
I-THEDRAMA–SHREDSOFTENDERNESS
1. Wri
teacompositi
onshowi
ngtheproblemscausedbywar
2. Wri
teanessayshowi
ngOdie’
sfeeli
ngsandfearstowar
dshisstepbrot
herWak.
3. Whenevert
herei
stur
moilt
hatleadstowar,womenandy ounggir
lssuf
fermost.
Writ
eacompositi
onshowi
nghowt hi
shappenstoStel
l
a.
4. Illustrat i
ng y our answer wi th exampl es f rom “ Shreds of Tender ness,” wr i
tea
composi tion
ent i
tled, “thepr evalenceofbet ray alinhumanr elationships. ”
5. I ncaseofpol i
tical tri
bulancei nacount ry,thosewhor emai n( i
nt hecount ry)sufferas
muchast hosewhoseekr efugeel sewhere.Wr iteacomposi t
iont oillustrat ethis
asser t i
onbasi ngy ourar gumentonJohnRuganda’ s‘ShredsofTender ness. ’
6. Dr awi ngi l
lust r
at ionsf rom JohnRuganda’ s‘ Shr edsofTender ness’,wr i
teanessayi n
suppor toft hi sst atement :“JohnRugandahassuccessf ull
yusedt hest ylepl aywi t
hina
playi nhi sbookShr edsoft ender ness”
7. Wi thcl oser efer encet ot hepl ay‘ ShredsofTender ness’,showwhyt het itleoft he
textisasui tabl eone.
8. I magi net haty ourschool hasor ganizedaj ointdebat ewhosemot i
oni s:“Mi li
tarytake
ov ershoul dnotbegi venanyr oom i nthismi ll
enni um. ”Proposet hi
smot ionusi ng
i
llustrat i
onsf rom JohnRuganda’ s‘ShredsofTender ness’
9. Dr awi ngy ouri llust r
at i
onsf r
om JohnRuganda’ s‘ ShredsofTender ness’ ,wr iteanessay
suppor tingt hest atement“ Bet rayal i
nhumanr elationshipsl eadt othesuf feri
ngofbot h
thebet ray edandt hebet r
ay er”.
10. Wr iteacomposi tiononhowt heaut horhasdi spl ayedt hef emal echar act eri nthesociety
.
Ref ert oJohnRuganda’ s“Shr edsofTender ness. ”
11. Wr iteanessayont hepl ightofwomeni nacount ryunderci vi
lstrif
e.Ref ert oJohn
Rugandas’ Shr edsofTender ness.
12 Wr iteanessayoni roniesi nShr edsofTender nessusi ngatl east4i llustrat i
onsofi r
ony
13. “ Odiei shi sownenemy ”.Wr it
eacomposi ti
ont ov al
idatet hetruthoft hisst atementi n
rel
ati
on
toShr edsofTender ness
14. I llustrat i
ngy ouranswerwi thexampl esf r
om Shr edsofTender ness, wr i
teanessay
ent i
tled“ Thepi votal charact ertraitsoft heGi rlchi ld.
”
15. Odi e’sf atheri sanepi tomeofanAf ri
canman.Di scuss.
(20mks)
16. Usi ngi ll
ust rati
onsf rom JohnRuganda; “
Shr edsofTender ness”Wr i
teacomposi t
ionand
showt hatsi blingr i
valryisdanger ous
17. Wr iteacomposi tionshowi ngt hepr oblemscausedbywar

I
II–THENOVEL–HOMESTRETCH–VELMAPOLLARD
1. Usi ngi ll
ustrationsf r
om Vel maPol lard’s‘Homest retch’,writ
eanessayont hepr obl ems
abl ackper soni sl i
kelyt oencount erwhi l
ei nAmer icaandEngl and (20mks)
2. I l
lustrati
ngy ouranswer swi t
hex ampl esf rom Homest r
etchwr i
teanessayonhowany
threewomenof ferhelpt oBr endai nt hef or eigncount r
y.
3. Wr it
eacomposi tiononexper i
enceswhi chf orcedBr endat odevelopnegat i
v e
attit
udet owar dsJamai ca.Gi vei l
lust rati
onsf rom Vel mapol l
ard’
s“ Homest ret
ch”
4. “ Homest retch”i sanov elthatexpl orest hesear chf orident i
fyandbelonging.Di scuss
thev alidi
tyoft hisst atementbasi ngy ouransweronVel maPol l
ard’snov el,“ Home
Str
etch.”
5. Wr it
eacomposi t
ionont hechal lengest hati mmi gr antsencounter.Refertot henov el
“Homest r
et ch” Vel maPol lar d.
6. “ Onecanmakehomebet hebestpl acebyengagi ngi ncommuni t
ydev elopment
act
ivi
ties”
Wi thcloser efer encet oVel mapol l
ar d’sHomest retch’,writeanessayt oshowhowDav id
andEdi t
hpr ov et hev alidi
tyoft heabov est atement .
7. Speci fi
call
yf ocusi ngonBr endai nt henov el,‘Homest r
etch’byVel maPol l
ar d;Wr i
tea
composi t
iont oi ll
ustratehowear lychi ldhoodexper i
encesshapeone’ sper cept ionofl i
fe.
8. Wr it
eanessayshowi nghowBr enda’ scont actwi thLaur achangesherat ti
tudet owar ds
Jamaica.
9. Wi thil
lustrationsf rom t henov el ‘Homest retch’ ,wr i
teanessayont heproblemst hat
peopl ewhomi gratetof oreigncount ri
esencount er
10. Wr it
eacomposi tionont hebeaut yofhomecomi ngaf teraper i
odofabsenceabr oad.
 Draw y ouri l
lustrationsf r
om Vel maPol lardsHomest r
etch
11. Usi ngatl eastt wochar act er
sf r
om Vel maPol l
andsHomest ret
chwr iteanessayont he
role
playedbywomeni nthecommuni ty.
12. “ I
fwel lpl annedf or,reti
rementi snott obef ear
ed.Itcani nfactbeausef ulper
iodi
na
person’sl ife.”Basi ngy ourr easoni ngonwhathappensi nthenov el,wri
tea
composi tiont oexpl ai
nt hisst atement .
13. Wr i
teacomposi ti
ononchal lenges!Pr oblemsexper i
encedbyAf ricansi nthedi
aspora.
Drawy ouri ll
ust rati
onsf rom t henov elHomest ret
chbyVel maPol lard.
14. Despi t
echal lenges,womenst illbecomeusef ull
ysuccessf ul.Usi ng anytwo oft he
charact ersgi venbel owf rom Pol lar
d’snov el‘
Homest r
etch’suppor tthisst
atement.
(i
)Br enda
(i
i)Edith
(i
ii
)MamaJoy
15. Usi ngi llustrationsf r
om Vel maPol l
ard;“Homest r
etch”wr i
teanessayhow Laur ahelps
EdithandDav idt osettl
edowni nJamai ca.
Sect ionI–(Pp1)–ANSWERS
SECTI
ONI–ANSWERS
FUNCTI
ONALWRI
TING-
20MARKS
1. Mustbeane–mai l
Layout
To:Uhur ukazi
@y ahoo.
com
From: cunmero@hot mail
.com
DATE: Tuesday19th,may2009
Subject: Posi
ti
onofcleri
caloff
icer

A.Per
sonalinformation
Name
DateOfBi rth
Mar i
talstatus
Nationali
ty
Telephonenumber

B.Educationalbackground
C.Qualif
icati
on
D.Workexper ience
E.I
nterests/hobbies
F.r
efereesnamesandaddr esses
G.Compl imentarycl
ose.Your sfait
hful
l
y/Sincerel
y
EuniceKipr
ono
Languageaccur acy:-spell
i
ng,punct
uation,t
ense
- Toneshoul dbef ormal

2.`
Mustbeminutes``
Format
tit
le–Nameofscho1ol
(½mk)
-Nameofclub(
1½ mk)
-Venueofmeeting(½mk)
-date(
½1mk)
-Time(½mk)1

Att
endance;present
-apologi
es
-absent–(opt
ional)Don’
tawar
dinat
tendance-
1
 body–( i
)Preliminar i
es(½mk)
(ii
)Conf i
rmat ionofpr eviousminutes(½mk)
(ii
i
)Mat tersar ising( ½mk)
(iv
)VisittoNai robi (½mk)
(v
)Awar enesscompass( ½mk)
(v
i)Strengt heningofdr amai ntheschool (
½mk)
(vi
i)Adjour nment(½ mk)
spacef orsi gningChai r
man(½mk)-Secr et
ary(½mk)
total =
F–10
L–6
C–4( Givemar ksoutoff ourdependingonhowef fect
ivel
ythethreemaini
temsofthe
agendaare
di
scussed.Thet hreeshouldbeconsi deredtogether
Languagescal e
A–6
B–4- 5
C–2- 3
D–1- 2
- Thesegr adescor respondt othoseinpaper3quest ions1wher et
hescal
eis(0-
20)
Acandi datewhodoesnotuset heminutesformatwi l
lfor
feitt
hemarksf
orformat
.

3. FORMAT
Mustbeani nt
ernalmemo
Musthav e:
a)Addr ess( l
ogo)(½)
b)recipient-operati
onsmanger( ½)salesandmar
ket
ingmanager(
½)
c)Sender -t
hemanagi ngdirect
or(½)
d)Dat e–( ½mk)
e)ref-1mk
f)subject -(½mk)
g)Compl ement aryclose-
yoursfai
thf
ully
-1mk
h)signat ure-
i
)name-
j
)Desi gnat ion–

Body
/content
a)Descr ipti
onofi temsthathav ereceiv
edbadpr
ess
b)Briefexpl anat
ionsoft heall
egedf aul
ts-
c)Solutionst othef aul
tsidenti
fi
ed-
d)Adv i
ceonhowt ocounterthecrit
ici
sm -
e)Closingr emar k-½
f)Formal t
one-½

Language
5marks-verygoodl anguage.Wi thoutanymist
akeswhat soever
.Canarouseaspark,
poem wi
th cor recttoneetc
4marks.j
ustagoodl anguage. notmanymi norerr
orsperhaps
3marks-fairlanguage/averagelanguagewithsomemi norerror
s
1-2marks-belowav erage.crosserrorscanbefoundinthelanguage.I
tishar
dtofoll
ow
the
story/chaot
ic.

4. Pointst
oconsider
a)Ti
tl
eofthebook
 b)Aut hor
c)Publ isher Format6marks
d)Yearofpubl icat
ion
e)Pr i
ce
f) Reviewer
.Summar yoft hebook
a)Donei ntheform ofasy nopsi
s
Introduct
ion;Set
tingintermsofti
me/pl
aces
Body; -Pl
ot/event,themes
St ri
ki
ngaspectsoft hebook,coul
dbest
ylecharact
erandchar
act
eri
zat
ion,
theset
ti
ng

Concl
usi
on-assessment
/recommendat
iongi
vi
ngr
easons
Language-
Scori
ng: Format-
Content
Language

5. (AConfi
dent i
alr
eporti
nfor
m ofanemail
).
1.Expecttheformatofanemail
–thestudentshoul
dusesubj
ectf
ort
het
it
leoft
he
bodyinsteadofRE/REF:
max.marks

2.Well const r
uct edandr elev anti nsti
tut
ional (
notper sonal)emailaddressesinsteadof
theusual offi
ci al l
etter–f ormataddr esses
3.Copiedt ot heDEOKakamegaEast
4.DateandTi me
5.Appr opriatesubj ectcont ai ningt henameChr i
stopher
Lipwoni andt hespeci ficjobhewasappl iedf or
.
N: BDonotpenal izet hest udentforusingupperorl owercaseletterforwriti
ng
Thecont entoft hesubj ect .
6.Expectt hebodyt ohav ethef oll
owingf eatures:
(i
) Br iefhi storyregar di ngChr i
stopherLipwoni ’
sbegi nningandcompl eti
onofhis
course
att hecol lege.
(i
i) Chr i
stopherLi pwoni ’sper sonali
ty–posi tivequaliti
es/negat
ivequalit
ies1mks
(i
ii
) Chr i
stopherLi pwoni ’sAcademi c/Educationalrecord-1mk
(i
v) Recommendat ionf or/ againstempl oyment–

7.Cl
osingtag(shoul
dnotcont
ainanysi
gnat
ure)–
8.Grammarmax.mar ks
9.General
appear TOTAL

6. a)Headi ng-I f2ormor eit

emsmi ssi
ngdeduct
 Ifonlyonei t
em mi ssi
ngdeduct½mk
b)Recordofat tendance-
 Member spr esent-2mks(pr
otocolmustbefol
l
owedifnotnomar
k)
 Absentwi thapol ogy-
 Absent -
 Inattendance-
c)Body
 Preli
mi naries-
1mk
 Mainagenda- 3items1mkeach- tot
al
 A.O.B-
 Adjournment -
d)Si
gningof f
-
 Chairman√½ si gn√½ date√½
  Secr
etar
y√½ sign√½ date√½
(
½x6=3mks)
(
Ifsigned/
dated=Zero)

7.
1.Functi
onalwrit
ing
2.Expectamemo
3.(i
)Layout
(
a)Nameoft heschoo
½l
(
b)Date ½
(
c)Ref.No.½
(
d)To ½
(
e)From ½
(
f)Subject
(
g)Signat e½
ur
(
h)Name( i
)Name:I
nter
nalmemo½
(
Expect8areas(
½amar keach)

(
ii
)Tone–

(
ii
i)Body Sil
ence
Promptr et
urnofbooks
Openingandcl osi
ngti
me
Appropr
iatedressi
ngi
nt hel
i
brar
y
(
iv)LanguageA–4
B–3
C–2
D–1
(
v)Mar gi
n/fr
ame

ANYI
KOSECONDARYSCHOOL
LOOSEMI
NUTES/MEMORANDUM/MEMO/INTERNALMEMO
RefNo.
½
From
To ½ ½ Dat
e:
½ ½
Subject
--
---
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
Sign:
OtienoJohn

8. Pointsofi nterpretati
on
(a)Itmusti ncor poratebot hthefeaturesofaspeechandemai l.I
fnotdeduct
edupt
o
4mksf or
wr ong f or mat( WF)
(b)E-mai lmusthav et hefoll
owing:-
(
i)From: thesenderaddr essinsmal ll
ett
erse.g.dabi
i
@y ahoo.
u.k(½ mk)
(
ii
)Dat e, day,datetime( ½mk)
(
ii
i)To: recipi
entaddr essinsmal ll
ett
ers(½mk)
i
v)CC: bli
ndcopyt ootherrecipients(½mk)
(c)i)bodyoft hespeech
I
tmusthav ethef ol
lowing
i
)subj ect/ti
tl
ee. g.rol
eofthey out hinfost
eringpeaceinourcounty
(
Mustbecommuni cati
veandr el
atedtoquest i
on)
I
ftit
lei sjust‘speech’=(0mk)
ii)Acknowl edgment
Mustst ar twiththemosti mpor tantperson(s)
 Ifjumbleddeductupt o(½mk)
Ifnoacknowl edgment( 0mk)
ii
i)Toneshoul dbe1stper sonpr onoune.g.‘I
/We’
Ifnotdeduct -(1AD)
i
v)Body
Atl eastthreeissuest hatf osterpeacemustbe
Ifnott r
eatasi rrelevant:awar d=(0mk)
E.g.
i
) Educat i
ngmassest hroughsemi nars,workshopset
c
i
i) Composesongs, poems, dramaet cwiththethemeofpeace.
i
ii) Pr eachpeacei nchur ches, mosqueset c
i
v ) Enhancecohesi venesst hr oughspor t
sgameset c (Anyot
herr
elev
ant
issues)
v
)Appr opr
iateconcl usion
Mustbeasummar yofi ssueshandl edint hebody
I
fonl ysomei t
emsar ehandl ed-1mk
I
fconcl usionisnott iedt ot hebody -
0mk
(d)Languageaccur acy
A-6
B-5
C-3-4
D-00-02
NB: deduct -
2ADf orbr evityincaset hecandidateuseslessthan150words

9. Thi
sislikeanof
fi
cial
let
terwi
tht
hefol
l
owing:
i
)Addresses
i
i)Date
i
ii
)Faxnumberorphonenumberofcor
respondent
i
v)Reference
v)Content
vi
)Signatur
eoft
hesender

10. Tit
le–Booktitl
e
-Author
-Yearofpubl
icat
ion
-Pri
ce(Opti
onal)

1. Poi ntsofinterpretation
a)-Mustbei nstr
uctions/di rect i
ons.I fnotdeduct4mar ksAD( Automat i
cDeduct i
on)
- Relev anttit
lee.g.Howt ogett oMumi as
- Identifyandaddr essf riendbyname
- Gost rai
ghttothepoi nt
 Fr om Webuy eboar dashut tl
e,EldExpresse. t
.c.t
oBungomat own-
distanceofxKm.Ment i
onmar kets,center
s, i
nsti
tuti
onse. t.
calong
ther oad
 AtBungomabuspar knearG/har dwar ee.
t.c.boardamat atu,
mi nibuse. t.
c.t oMumi asadi st
anceofYKm-ment i
onmar krt
s,
stagese. t
.c.al ongt heroad
 I nMumi ast ownal ightinthebuspar kandpickabi cycletaxito
Bomani -500m i nthesout herndirecti
on
b)Alsopr epareapacki ngl istf ory ourfriendtofacil
itatethei
rstayinMumi astownf or
t
he durati
on oft hef est i
v als
- Mustbeapacki ngl ist.Ifnotdeduct4mksAD
- I t
emsneededf ort he5day sstayinMumi as:clot
hes,personaleffects,foot
 wear,
money,personal
document
s,camer
ae.
t.
c.
- For
mattabul
atede.g.

S/NO I
tem Speci
fi
cati
on Det
ail
s Mk
1 Clot
hes 5shir
ts/bl
ouses Whit
e,bl
ack,
cot
ton 1
2 e.
t.
c. e.
t.
c. 1
3 1
4 1
5 1
6 1
6

N/
BAr
owmusthav eal
lthef
ouri
temst
oear
nful
lmar
k3i
tems½m
Marksawardi
ng:
a__
____
__ 08
b__
____
__ 06
La__
____
___06

11. Mustbeaninter
nal
memo
Format
Content(
body
)
Language
TOTAL

SAMPLEFORMAT
LETTERHEAD√1
INTERNALMEMO
RefNo.√1
To√½
From √½
Date√1
Subject√1
Closure(Desi
gnati
ng)√1
TOTAL
CONTENT/BODY
- I nvi
tat
iontomeeting
- Sour ceofinf
ormat i
on
- Pur poseofmeeting
- Ti me
- Venue
- Dat e
- Endi ngremarks
- TOTAL

LANGUAGE
1-
2Veryl i
mitedandhamper edlanguage
3 Abl etocommuni cateeffect
ivel
y
4-
5 Ver ygoodlanguage,ef
fortl
ess,appr
opr
iat
etoneandv
ocabul
ary
-Goodmast eryoflanguage

*Usey
ourdi
rect
ionasat
eacherofEngl
i
sht
oawar
dthel
i
ngui
sti
cmar
k

SAMPLEINTERNALMEMO
SIKUNJEMAHIGHSCHOOL
INTERNALMEMO
 RefNo.001/ 05/010F
To:Al lschool prefects
From: Thecapt ain
Date: 20thJune, 2010
Subject :Prefectmeet i
ng/C.D.Fproject
/choiceofproject/pr
oject
Iwoul dl i
ketoi nvit
eyout oameet ingtodiscusshowwecanobt aint
heviewsof
st
udent sconcer ningt hechoiceofpr oj
ectt
heC. D.Fshouldest
abl i
shinourschool.The
pri
ncipal hasr equest edmet oconv eneaprefectsmeet i
ngtodeliberateonhowt ocoll
ectt
he
st
udent sviewsonwhatt ypeofprojecttobei ni
ti
ated
Themeet i
ngwi llbeheldon30thJune, 2010inthemai nhallat3:30p.
m.
Youar eremindedt okeepti
me

Thanky
ou

MAPITOWAMAPI
TO
SCHOOLCAPT

12. Checkonf ollowingdet ail

s:
i
)Biodat a
 Name
 Dat eofbi rth
 Gender
 Mar italstatus
 Addr ess
 Tel ephonenumber
(i
i
)Educat i
onal backgr ound
 Dat es, certi
ficatesandnameofi nsti
tut
iontobelist
edbeginningwiththelat
estt
othe
earliest.
(
ii
i)Pr ofessi onal backgr ound
o Anyspeci al
izedt r
ainingsbel i
stedstart
ingwitht
helatesttottheearl
i
est
i
v)Wor kexper iencet oshowdat esandposi t
ionsheldandtheinsti
tut
ion
 showl anguagecompet ence.
v
)Hobbi es/interests
v
i)Ref er ences–Namesofper sonalit
iesandaddress
v
ii
)si gnat ure-Checkont helanguagecompet ence
Itmusthav ethecur ri
culum v i
tae’sformatwi ththeabovedetai
lsIfnotdeductupto
4mar
ks

13. -Shoul dbeal et terofcompl aint

-Shoul dhav eanof f
icialfor mat
-Shoul dhav eident i
ficati
on- whoi sthecompl ainantandwher
ehe/shecomesfrom
-Shoul ddescribet henat ur eoft heproblem e.g.loudmusi
cinthebar
snearyour
homei.e.
shoul dgiveexampl esforcl ar i
ty
-Suggestwhatcoul dbedone
2mks-Lay out-moret han2omi ssions–1mk
4mks-Body–anyi mpor tanti nf ormat i
onlostoutt akeaway(1mk)
4mks-Language–t one, spellingsi .e.grammat i
cal error
s
1.Checkonheadi ng
Int
roduct ion -Est ablisht hosepr esent.
Body -Beginsomet hi
ngi nt eresti
ng.
- Leti tbecoher ent .
Concl usion -shoul dbememor abl e.
- Roundedof fnat urally.
- Thankt heaudi encef orli
steni
ng
14.
 1.Mustbeaf riendlylett
ercontai
ningar ecipesentt hr
oughane- mail
.Thusthei nf
ormal
toneofaf r
iendlylett
ershouldbefelt.Alsoremembert hecommendi nglanguageofa
reci
pe.
2.Ther eci
pecanbewr it
tenineit
herpr osef or
m orundersub- headi
ngs.Howev er,
itmust
have:-
(i
) I ngredientsandtheiractualquantity
(i
i) Themet hodi nalogi
calordert hati
scl earandinani mper
ati
v el
anguagewith
thecor rectregi
ster
(i
ii) Ment ionwhatt hemeal i
sser vedwi thandwhet herhotorcold.
(i
v ) Mustment i
onthenumberofpeopl et hefoodcanser ve
3.I
ncludecl osingremar ks
4.Veledici
ton

Marksawar ded
Format -8mks
Language-5mks
Body– Ingredi
ents–2mks
Method-5mks
Sample
FROM:Pema@keny anet.
com(1mk)
DATE:20thMar ch,2010 ( 1mk)
TO : Mckay @y ahoo.com (1mk)
SUBJECT: Recipeforugali(1mk)

Salut
ati
on (1mk)
Greet
ingsandacknowl
edgementoft
her
ecei
ptoft
her
equest

Body
-(i_
)Ingr edients (1mk)
 Saucepanandcooki ngsti
ck ½mk
 Hal f-
alit
reofwater ½mk
 250gr amsofmai zemeal ½mk
(i
i
)Met hod
- Putthewat erinthesaucepanandpl aceitonfir
et oboil ( 1mk)
- Addt hefl
ourl i
tt
lebylit
tl
easy ousti
runti
ltheugaliistoughenough.Keep
t
hefir
econst ant.
- Reducethef ireandleaveittosi
mmerf orfi
vemi nuteswhil
eitiscovered
- Remov eitfrom thefi
reandser v
eithotwithbeefsteworgr eenvegetabl
es
Closingr emarks(1mk)
Reledicti
on ( 1mk)

1.
5
 Mustbeamemo
 For
maltonemustbefel
t–i
fnotdeduct1mk
 Awardmarksasf
oll
ows:

i
) Format–8mks
i
i
) Body–6mks
i
i
i) Tone–1mk
i
v) Language–5mks

SAMPLE
Format:
1.Lett
erhead1
2.i
nternalmemo1(
under
li
ned)
3.TO:1
4.FROM: 1
5.Date:1
6.Subject
:1
7.CC:1

BODY
- Statewhyt heteam isbei
ngcongr at
ulat
ed.
- Mustcongr atul
atetheteam
- Ment ionsomethingaboutthetoken
- Cl
osi ngtag
- Valedicti
on1( par
toftheformat)

TONE: For
mal t
onemustbef el
t1
Language
5mks–Gooduseofl anguagewi t
hnogr ammat
ical
error
s
4mks–Noer rors,t
helanguagenat ur
all
yfl
owbutsi
mpl i
sti
c
3mks–Communi catesbutnotclearl
yduetoafewgrammat i
cal
err
ors
2mks–communi cat
eswi t
hal otoferr
ors
1mk–har dl
ycommuni cates

B-C
1LOZET
-U niqE ST
ue
1-When 2-t o 1)i s
2-T
1.f acho
i
ngroug 1-simi
3-b l
a
er
ing 2)put ti
ng
2.di h
rection 2-ones elf 1)
3 .f
coor
r
rwa
ecr
td
4-a bo ut
3-T
3.t hehe
se 3-Eq uall
y 2)
4 .r ush
5-a
4-L
4.imp ay
os
rtant/ 4-func ti
ons guar 3
ant
e.H
e/go
iw
v
eev
/
ger
arnt‘
. 5)
6-i f
5-E
vits
al/e
s cn
rt
ui
a
cl
i
al 5-help
7-av soid acti
ve4.i ts
6 -G
5.deparuar
td
ment 6-Ther ef 5
6.b
)t e
hig
si
.n/start
8-w h or e
7-H
6.o fabi t 7-A l
tho ug h 6)
7 .o
Toverboard
9-y oun ger
8-T
7.p rohe
vi
dse
e 8-A l
so 7 .v isi
t
8)compar ison
10- chor e
9 -S
8.al tuc h
hough 9-It
s 8)
9 .h
sii
tt
c
uh
ate
i
os
n... .
10h
9.t -T
eo 10-
Manner 9 .c
10) ele
d cibr
siate
on..
1-t
0.he
under 1.e
1 0.Ja
at
nuary
2-decl ared i)most 2.t i
mes
3-when i
i)thr
ough 3.t hei
r
4-sp oke i
ii
)But
1)A nd 1.As 6.4.par k
5-o n i
v)in 5.somet i
mes
2)Vi ctims Mandated
v)Si
ck
 1-the 1. Bi
den
2-decl
ared 2.Hasn’
t
3-when 3.Wonder
4-spoke 4.On
5-on 5.Cost
6-thei
r 6.When
7-yet 7.But
8-and 8.Email
9-announced 9.Sends
10-minist
ers 10.
a

C
1. 3.Magnif
icentbull
a) i )Thesi ngerachi
evesr
hyt
hm i
nthesongabov
ethr
oughr
epet
it
ionofwor
dsi
.e.
“whitelike”
li
kee. t.
c.
Identifi
cati
on1mk
Il
lustrati
on1mk

i
i
)Toenl
iventheperformanceoft hesongonewoul ddothefol
lowi
ng
a)Empl oygest ur
es
b)Bodymov ement
c)Mi micry
d)Dr amati
zation
e)Useofappr opri
atet
onev ari
ati
on
f) Acceptanyt wowellexplainedaspect
sofper
formance

ii
i
)Thel astl
inewoul
dbesai
dwi
thf
all
i
ngi
nfor
mat
ion
b)Underl
inesil
entlet
ter
s
i
. Rendezv ous
ii
. Eul ogy
i
ii
. Tour ism
i
v. Phl egm
v. Condemn

c) i
)Tonguet wi ster
Soundpat terns
- Al li
teration–r epet
it
ionofconsonantwords
- Assonance–wel comedwendy
- I dentifi
cation½mk i
ll
ustr
ati
on½mk
i
i
)Funct i
onofgenr e
Topract icepr onunci
ation
Forent ertai
nment
Topract icefluencyinlanguage
 d)–Conductbackgroundresearchont
het
opi
c
-Beconfi
dentandconvi
ncing
-Acceptanyot
herspeakingskil
l

e)Thi
sisanopenquest
ion,
teacher
sshoul
dacceptr
esponsest
hatar
ecour
teousand
cor
rect

2.(a)( i
)–clear ingthraat
-clappingt hehand
-singashor tsongasapr el
ude ( 2x1=2mks)
(i
i)Per f
ormance–uset onev ar
iati
onfrom t
hepurenarrat
ionstyl
etosuedofdial
oguei.
e
ri
sing
intonation( 1mk)accompani edbyappropri
atefaci
alexpressi
on(1mk)/
gestur
esin
thequest i
ons askedbyt hemot her-
in-
law
OR–Ar i
sing–f all
ingint
onat i
onappropri
atefaci
alexpr
essionintheoldman’s
answer/speech (
1x2=2mks)
(i
ii
)Act i
vel isteni
ng–noddi nghead
- Laught er
- t humpi ngoff eet
- cl apping
- useofv oi cee.g.(mhh? ) (
3x1=3mks)

(
iv)Endst
ory–usi
ngf
all
i
ngi
ntonat
ion (
1mk)

(
b)(i
)Gest ures–‘ whereisthebi
rds’
facialexpr essi
on–wher eissheee
voicev ari
at i
on–wher ei
ssheee( anythr
ee=3mks)
bodymov ement–Theywoul dmov eanddanceast
heyl
ookf
ort
hebr
ide
Dramat icpauses–pausef rom 1stt
o2ndstanza
(
ii
)Authenticit
y–Or igi
nalmeaning
- Local flavour(any2)
- -Aest het i
cbeauty (2mk)

(
c)(
i)Respect
(
ii
)review
(
ii
i)i
nvestigate
(
iv)consolidat
e
(
v)calcul
at e
(
vi)di
vide ( each½x6=3mks)

(
c)(
ii
)fear(
ii
)al
tar(
ii
i)Al
l(i
v)ser
ial
(v)nun(
vi)ei
ght (
6x½mk)

(d)(i
)Fightoffner
vousbyt akingadeepbr eadthandthinki
ngthat
,thatwasachancet
o
pract
icepublic
speaking.
-Trytolookcalm andconf i
dent
-Becar eful
toorgani
zey ourthought
slogicall
y
-Saythingsthatareappropri
atetotheaudience
-Jotaf ewpointsbefor
espeechf orref
erence
-Bebr i
ef
-Trytor ememberpointssaidbyotherstoav oi
dreplet
ion ( any3=3x1=3mks)

(
ii
) -
Proj
ectyourvoi
ce
-
beaudibl
e
-
moreclosert
otheaudi
ence
 -
pronouncewor
dspr
oper
ly(
any3x1=3mks)

(
e)(
i)Shor
t–comingsinclude:
-
-Lackofeyecontact–avoidseyecontact
-Notalert–missesquestionsasked
-conf
usi
onev i
dent=-answerswrongly
-doesn’
tconcentrat
e–mi ndwanders(any2=2mks)

(
ii
)Li
steni
ngski l
lstoadoptincl
ude:
- Maint ai
ney econtact
- concent rat
ion–av oi
ddistr
acters(
physical
oremotionaldist
ract
ers)
- Correctsi t
ti
ngposture
- fol
lowanyuseofnon- verbalquest
ionsbythespeakertograspmessagebet
ter
- Beanact ivel
ist
eneri.
e.nodheadinagreement,l
aughatj okesetc
- Beal ertatallt
imes(any3=3mks)

3. 3.ORALSKI LLS(30MARKS)
i
.a)Theeav esdropper’
spartcanbeact edoutlikeheishi
dingsomewhereandt henshoot
s
upandspeaksi n
aloudangr yorsarcasti
ctone.
-dramat i
seandmi mict hevari
ouspersonswhoar egivingthevar
iedopi
nionsaboutthe
man
-tal
ki nal ow tonewhenhei stel
li
ngt hewifehattheywouldleav
ethenextday .
-acttheeav esdropper
’spartashesitsi
nacl ear
ingbythehutswit
hanint
ent
ionof
eav esdropping
b)( i
)Hewoul dspeakinanangr y
/sar
castict
one

i
i
)a)Ship
b)Pool
c)Buck
d)Height
e)Barn

i
i
i)a)Re.bel
b)Re.spect
c)Ma.nage
d)Con. t
act
e)Ac.cess
i
v)
 Begi nf rom thest arti
ngpoi ntoft heper sonbegi ndirected
 Maket hedi r
ectionssi mpleandcl ear
 Maket hedi r
ectionspr eciseandconci se
 Pr esentt hedirect i
onsst epbyst epi nthecor rectsequence
 Usesket chesandmaps
 Ref ertol andmar ksandpr int
erssuchasl eft,ri
ght,behindetc
 Suggestt heappr oximat edistancef r
om onepr inttoanot her
v
)
 Bef oregoi ngforani ntervi
ewconsi der :
 thenat ureofwor k/ j
oby ouar eattendingt hei nter
viewf or
 appr opr i
at eskill
s/compet enceexpect ed
 qual i
ficat i
onsandr elevantdocument s/testi
moni al
set c
 locat i
onoft heinter v
iew
 timef ort heinterview
 dr esst ot heoccasi on
 getr elev antinformat ionaboutt hecompany
4. 3. a) i
)rhy
me Li
fe Abl
aze
St
ri
fe Amaze

Repet
it
ion-Iseek
½mar kforident
ifi
cati
on
½mar kforil
lust
rati
on

i
i
) Di
phthongs
Li
fe
St
ri
fe
Abl
aze
Amaze
Si
ght (
anyf
our
,½amar
keach)

i
ii
)Iwoul
dsayitwithafal
l
ingintonat
iontoindicat
emyf inal
deci
siont
ogofor
apeacef
ulcount
ryli
fe.I
tisadeclar
ativestatement 2
marks

b)
i. Fury
i
i. These
i
i
i. Have
i
v. Harbour
v. Commi t
tee

c)
i. Thisisatonguet wist
er
1mar k
i
i. Theuseofal li
ter
ati
one.g.freaky Fr
ed
i
i
i.
- Enter
tainment
- I
mpr ovespronunciati
onandenunciat
ion
- Createshumor
- I
nformat i
ve
- Enhancesf l
uencyinlanguageuse

d)
i
)Theywer et
aughtv
erball
y,or
all
y(wit
houtr
eading)
i
i
)Theguestofhonouraskedust ol
ist
entohim att
enti
vel
y/sy
mphant
het
ical
l
y
i
ii
)Poli
ti
ciansmustnowdowhatt heysay
i
v)Daisyhastheabi
li
tytospeakeasil
yandpersuasi
vel
y (1mkeach=
4mar
ks)

e)Iwoul
dbookanappoi ntmentwi t
hNgugi WaThi ongoonphone, throughe-mailor
ordi
narymail
Iwoul
dconductat horoughresearchabouthimt oacquir
eadet ailedbackgroundof
thewri
ter
Iwoul
dconductl eadingquestionsabouthi mselfandhiswor ks
Iwouldsti
ckt omaj orissuesaccordingtoouredi t
orial
poli
cy
Iwouldgiveroom tocal ler
stoaskhi m emerging/supplement ar
yquest i
onsduringthe
progr
amme
Iwouldtakenotesdur ingtheintervi
ewt okeepalertandber elev
antdur i
ngtheentir
e
sessi
on.
Iwouldprepareinadv anceallthenecessaryrecordingapparatusandsuppor t
 per
sonnelto
makerecordi
ngoft heprogrammepossibl
e
Imustbepunctual
(atthetime)andvenueofthei
ntervi
ewtorecei
vemyguest
Any6onemar keach
5. ( a)(i
)low,bl
ow/rest
,breast/
nest,
west
/west,br
east
/blow,go/
sea,
me/ moon,
soonAmar
k
Foreachpairmax.2mks

(
ii
)Mar kf oranyoft hefoll
owi ngst y
lesifi
denti
fi
edwi t
harel
evanti
l
lust
rat
ion.
- Repet i
tion
- Al lit
er ation
- Assonance
- Consonance
- Useofr egularsyll
abicpat ter
ns
(
ii
i)–Lul laby 1mkAnyf eatur eofal ull
abyevi
dent
6. 3a)i )-Itisat ongue-twister√1
i
i)-Developmentofor alski
lls√1
-Usedbychi l
drenduringpl ay√1
-Forenter tainment√1( Any1pt=1mk)
i
ii)Alli
taration√1i .
e.Howhi ghuphasheheav ed( i
d-1mk
i
i
i-1mk (
1x2=2mks)
i
v)-
Usual l
yshor ti.e.Onesent ence√1
-Repetiti
onofapar ti
cularsoundi .e.‘
h’sound√1
(Any2pt s1mkeach)1x2=2mks

b)i
)Prophet
i
i
)Meat/Meet
i
i
i)Pool
i
v)Doe
v)Quay (
1mkeach1x5=5mks)

c)-
Settl
edownear l
yenoughbef orethetalkbegins
-
Prepareandmaker eadywr it
ingmat eri
als
-
Takedownnot esthatar erel
evant
-
Askquest i
onst oclari
fypointsnotwel lunder
stood
-
Maintai
ney econtact
-
Maintai
ngoodsi t
ti
ngpost ure/si
tupright
-
Avoidfidgetingony ourchair
-
Bealert/avoiddetractions (
1mkeach-
1x5=5mks)

d)(i
)-Thepoetcreatesr hyt
hmsby :usi
ngrhy mei nthepoem i
.e.l
i
t/i
t,wi
ll
/hil
l
/st
il
l√1
-Useofall
it
erat
ioni.e.wit
houtawi sh,
wi thoutawil
l√1
-Repeti
ti
oni.
e.I
, sky√1 (any2pts=1mkeach; Total
=2mks)
i
i)Silent
√1
Toemphasizethemagni tudeofthesilenceinthenight
√ (I
d-1mk;
Exp-
1mk)
i
i
i)a)ashor tpausei nli
ne1wher et hecommai sused
b)alongpausei nl i
ne3wheret hef ullstopisused(2mks)

ei
)-Whatisyourname?
-Whatdoy ouwant?
-Whatdidyouwantt otel
lhi
m?
-Heisneverinschool. (
½mkeach½x4=2mks)

i
i
)Peter:Hel
l
o,Iam pet
er,
whoareyou?
Pet
er:
HowmayIhel pyou?
Pet
er:
Sorry
,hei
snotinschool
.Mayyoupl
easel
eav
einf
ormat
ion?
 Pet
er:
Sor
ry,
hei
soutt
oat
tendaf
ami
l
yfunct
ion.

i
i
i)a)Eul
ogy-E√
b)Phlegm-g√

7.3.(a)ORALSKI LLS
(
i)sight/cit
e
(i
i)o,oh!
(i
ii
)right,
writ
e
(i
v)Rode/r owed
(v)Blue

(
b)(i
)Maintaineyecontact
(
ii
)Askquest i
onattheendoft hespeechf
orcl
ari
fi
cat
ion
(
ii
i)Appropri
atesi
tti
ngposture
(i
v)Avoidaudio/v
isualdi
str
actions
(v)Readforfamil
iari
ty
(vi
)Takingnotes

(
c)(i)Noun–ourannuali
mportdroppedby20%duet odr
ought (1mk)
(
ii
)Verb-Hewil
limpor
tanewcarnextweek (
1mk)
(i
ii
)Noun–TheMar aguamilkproducehasgonedownowingtol
owr
ainf
all
(1mk)
(
iv)Ver
b–Br azi
lnor
mall
yproducequali
tyfoot
bal
ler
s (1mk)

(
d)(i
)achi l
d/ason/adaught er(1mkidenti
fi
cati
on)
(i
i
)‘broken’and‘gourd’
–t heyarecontent
/i
nfor
mat i
onwor
d(1mk)
(i
i
i)Useofal l
it
erati
onasin/ b/i
n‘bl
ind’and‘
bat’/
l/li
keal
i
ttl
e(i
dent
if
icat
ion(
1mk)
i
l
lustr
ation(1mk)
useofrepetit
ionin‘
I’‘
your

(
e)(
i)-enterastagewithasong
-Poseaquestion
-Useariddl
e/proverb
-Cough,cl
earvoice anycor
rectt
hreeawar
d1mkeach
-Useatonguet wist
er
-Si
tupri
ght/st
andconf i
dent
lybef
oret
heaudi
ence

(
ii
)Say‘
No’
wit
har
isi
ngi
ntonat
ionandt
her
estoft
hesent
encewi
thaf
all
i
ngi
ntonat
ion(
1mk)

(
ii
i)-usetonalvari
ati
one.g.r
iseatNo I dent
if
icat
ion1mk/i
l
lust
rat
ion1mk
- Usev ar
y i
ngfacial
expressi
onse.
g.
- Dramatizee.g.

(
f)-Goodmor ni
ng,Madam (mustbe‘Madam’(if‘
Sir
’award00)
-Fi
ne,thanky ou,Madam (i
fwit
hout‘
thankyou’deduct½mk)
-Whati syourname; pl
ease(1mk)
-Thanky ou(verymuch),Madam (1mk)
N/B: I
fmor efourgr
ammat i
caler
rors–I
AD–1AD4GE

8. QUESTI ON3: PART‘ A’ORALNARRATI VE

(
a)pauseandr i
singintonation (1mk)
b)Oralskil
ls:
i
)Tonal vari
ati
ont odisti
nguisht hedi
ffer
ence,
char
acteri
.e.t
henarr
ator
,thegi
rlandt
he
mother
ii
)Singingthesong
ii
i)Useofgest urese.g.diggi
ng, cover
inghol
ewithacow’shideet
c
 iv )Useoff acial expr essi one. g.sur pr iseaf tert hegi rli
sdi scov ered; portrayweakand
di stingui shgi rl,etc. (4mks)
v )dr amat ization- mot herqui ckl yf i
llingt hehol ewi thsoi l
(any2- 1mkf ori dent ificat ion, 1mkf ori llust ration
(Nomar kf orillust rationwi thouti dent ificat i
on) .
st
c)1 song- lowi ntonat i
on( weak/ pl eadi ngt onet oshow
despondency / helplessness/ despai r/ stress)( 1mk)
2ndsong- higheri nt onat ion( conf identt one/ for ce/ toneofmal ice/ condemnat i
on)(1mk)
d)Gest ur eofsur prise
-shaki ngofheadi ndi sbel i
ef
-clickingi ndi sgust
-asi ghofr eli
ef (any1=mk)
e)f al l
ingofi nt onat i
ont oshowf inal ity( 1mk)
PARTB
a) (i)
t ongue- twist er (1mk)
ii
)al l
iteration- /sh/ wi delyusedatt hebegi nni ngofwor ds( 2mks)
ii
i)itisusedf orent er t
ai nment
-enhanceoncef luencyi nt heuseofal anguage
-helponel ear nt opr omot ewor dspr oper ly(
3mks)
b) (i)
-poort ur nt aki ngbyt hemember s; theydon’ tgot hought heper sonchai r
ingthe
discussi on, e. g.Tom, Nor eenandLi l
ianaf terKabony iisi nvitedt omakeasuggest i
on
-impr operi nt er r
upt i
onbyPer iswhenshef ail
edt oal l
owt ocompl etehis
st atement
-poororl ackofnegot iationski l
ls. thespi ri
tofgi veandt akei snotshownbyanyof
themember sasal lthinkt hei rsuggest i
onsar et hebest
-
rudenessbyKabony i-Het rashesLi lian’ ssuggest ionsas‘ stupi d’.
-i
mpol itedi sagr eementbyNor eenwhenshesay sshedi slikes‘ Shr
edsof
Tender ness’ (any3wel lexpl ai ned)( 3mks)
(ii
)-Nor eensay s”excusemeApepo”
-Per i
sapol ogi sesf ori nt errupt ionpet erandsay s“ sorry”
-Nor eensay s“ pleasePer is…” (2mks)
PARTC
a) - didn’ tpayat tent iont ononv er bal cuese. g.gest ur es,faci alexpr essi onandbody
mov ementt hatenhanceunder st andi ng
-didn’ tsetal i
st eni ngobj ect ivee. g.quest i
onshewoul dneedt oanswerdur ingthe
speech
-didn’ ttakenot esdur i
ngt hel ist eningt her eforehehadnot hingt or efreshhismemor y
-Hemayhav eal lowedot hert hi ngst odi str acthisat tention
( Acceptany4r easonabl er esponses)(4mks)
b)Theexampl esof fer i
ngbyt hecandi dat esmustshowt heirunder standi ngoft heconceptof
per sonal spacee. g.
-
notgoi ngt hroughanot herper sonsdr awer s, deskorboxwi thoutper mi ssion
-
notl isteni ngi nonpr ivat econv er sat ionorphonecal l
s
-
notgoi ngt hrough someone’ sl etter sorwr i
t i
ngwi t
houtt hei rconsent
-get ti
ngi ntoaper sonsr oom wi t
houtper mi ssi on
-
mov ingt oocl ose( phy si cally)t oper sonsoneInoti ntimat ewi thA1
(acceptanyt wowel lexpl ainedexampl es)( 2mks)
c)Ci rcumst ancest hatmaycausei nter rupt ion
-Ify oudi dn’ thearwhatt hespeakersai d
-Wheny oust rongl ydi sagr eewi t
ht hespeaker
-Wheny oust rongl ysuppor tt hespeaker
-Wheny ouwi sht hespeakert ocl ar ifyuncl eari ssues
-Wheny ouwantt omakeanaddi tional tot hespeaker ’
spoi nt
-Whent hespeakerhasmi sint erpr etedcer tainknownf acts
(Acceptany4r easonabl er esponses)( 4mks)
9.b) ( i
)
  Repetit
ione.g.pinch,pi
nch,
pinch.
 Rhythm- enhancedthroughr
epeti
ti
on.
i
i
)
 Voice
 Tempo
 Gestures
 Costumes
 Pai
nt i
nganddécor
 Mov ementandpat t
erns (
Anyt
wo,
1mkeach(
2mar
ks)

i
i
i)
 Wearrelevantcostumese. g.jungl
es.
 Hitt
hedr um wher enecessary.
 Haveanat tr
activ
eandr el
evantdécor.
 Applyarelevantmake- upe.g.faci
alpointt
ocapt
urethethemeofy ourpoem.
(1mkeach,
total(
4mar ks
i
v)
 Repeti
ti
onpi nch,pinch,pi
nch
 Rhyt
hm (
Anytwo, 1mar
keachtotal
.(2marks)

c)
 Beaudible.
 Makeuseofgest ures.
 Var
ymyt onetosustainthei
rat
tent
ion.
 Usefacialexpr
essions.
 I
nvol
v etheaudience. (
1Mar
keach.Tot
al5mks)

d)
i
)won- der
i
i)ho-ney
i
ii
)dr aw- back
i
v)town
v)e-du- ca-t
ion (
Foranycor
rect1mar
keach.
Total 5mks)

e)i
)
Mr s.Sti
ma:…………………….
Mr .Obwaya: yes!Whynot ?Theyev enneedt obeaddedmor etime( √½mk)
Mr s.Sti
ma: ………………………. .
Mr .Obwaya: Iagreewithy oubutyouknow, wemayt hinkwear eassi st
ingthechil
dren
butf i
ndwear edestroy
ingt hem.√½
Mr s.Sti
ma: ……………………
Mr .Obwaya: tomeent ertainmentispartandpar cel oflearni
ng.itisabsolutel
y
necessary√(½ mk)
Mr s.Sti
ma: ……………………………………
Mr .Obwaya: studentsneedt i
meawayf r
om t hei
rbooks.Lett hem v enti
lat
etheirsteam.
Furthermore,theyareresponsibleastheyar egr own- ups.√(1mar k)
Mr s.Sti
ma: ……………………
Mr .Obwaya: buttheyneed……√( 1mark)[t
heel li
psesar eimportantforthispointtoscor
e.
theyshowi nterrupti
on.i
fnoel li
pseordot s,awar d“0”mar k.
Mr s.Sti
ma: ………………………….
Mr .Obwaya: What !I
tcan’tbe!Youareinvitedfort r
oubl e√(½ mk)
NBt heexclamat ionmar kisnecessarytoshowshock.
Mr s.Sti
ma: ………………………………………….
 i
i)
 Wouldyouplease√½
 Iam sor
ry√½ ( t
otal
=1mar k)
10. 3. a) i )Repet
iti
on–t oandf
ro (
2mar
ks)
Fast
er
All
i
terat
ion–bill
ows br eeze (
2mar
ks)
Wor l
d whorl
s

i
i
)Toenhancetherhy
thm
Tomakethepoem morei
nter
est
ing
Tomaket
hepoem memorable (
Any2=2mar
ks)

i
i
i)Wi t
hafall
i
ngintonat
ion
Theyar
eallwh-questi
ons (
2mar
ks)
i
v)Blue–blew
Wear–wher e (
2mar
ks)

b) i
)Whine-wine
Mown–moan
Lay
s–l aze
Weather–whether
Dough–doe (
5mar
ks)

i
i
)Tout
Tot
Tor
e

c)
- Goodgr ooming
- Maintai
ningeyecontact
- Useofappr opr
iat
epasture/toshowconfi
dence
- Useofrelevantgest
ures/faci
alexpr
essi
ons
- Goodcommandofl anguage
- Masteryofcontent
- Tal
kingt oaudi
enceinsteadofreadi
ng (
Any4=4
marks)

d) i )–Makokhai sr ude-hedoesnotshowcour t
esyt oMunonga–hi sprospecti
ve
fat
her
-
in-law.Hesay s“Ihopey ouar enotgoi
ngcompl etel
yblind”
- Makokhai sapoornegot iator
-hedemandsf orLavenderinst
eadofr equest
ing
e.g.Ihavecomet otakeheraway
- Makokhal acksingoodt urn-taki
ngskil
l
s.WhenMur ungasay s“Di
dy ousaymy
………. ..Makokhadoesental l
owhi mtofi
nish/waitforhisturntospeak
- Makokhahaspoorl i
steningskill
s.HemisunderstandsMur ungawhenhesay s
“Whatisthewor ldcomingt o?”
(4mar ks)

i
i
)YourdaughterLavenderandIar
einarel
ati
onshi
pandIhavecometohumbl
y
r
equestyourper
missionforustogetmar
ri
ed(Acceptanyot
herpol
i
tef
orm)
(
2mar ks)

i
ii
)WhenMur ungasays“Whati
stheworl
dcomingto?”Makokhadeliberat
ely
misunder
standsandsay s“
Ihopeyouar
enotgoingcompletel
ybli
nd.Thewor ldi
s
goi
ngnowher e.Thi
sreveal
smakokha’
scont
empt uous/ar
rogant
/disrespect
ful
 att
it
udetowar
dsMur
unga
(2marks)

11.Or
alski
l
ls
a) i )-Thef orestf i
res
-Thest r
eams
-Thef i
ddleandf i
fe
i
i)Repetiti
on
i
ii
)Allit
erati
on:…wat chwit
hwonder
…bat
he…br
ownbl
ades…bendi
ng…e.
t.
c.
Rhyme: r
eturn/bur
n
Eyes/skies
Str
eams/dr eamse.
t.
c.
i
v)–al li
ter
ingsounds
-rhyme
-Rhythm

b)i
)-Subj
ecti
sbor i
ng
- Presenteri
sbori
ng
- Topicmaybei r
rel
evant
- Audiencemaybef eel
inghungry
- Presentati
onmaybetool ong
- Speakermaynotbeaudi ble
Any4x1=4
i
i)–ensuretopicisrel
evanttotheaudience
-Researchonthetopic
-ti
mespeechsot hatitisn’
ttoolong
Maintai
neyecontactwithaudience
Makesur eIam audibl
e
Makeuseofgest uresandfacialexpr
essions(1ny4x1=4mks)

c) i
)-Wet–whet
- Soar
-sore
- Would-wood
- Ti
ed-ti
de
- One-
won
- You-
ewe

i
i
)-Gai
n–a
- Heli
pad-h
- Resist
-s(1stone)
- Rhy-hy
- Tomb-b
- Deli
ver-e(1stone)

d) i
)Onl
ythetoutwasyoung
i
i
)bot
ht hetoutandt
hedri
verwer
eyoung

e) -Lackofident
if
icat
ion
- Lackofcour t
esy–doesn’
tgr
eet
- Rudeness–“ Whatdoy
ouwant?
”
- Inter
rupti
on Any3x1=3

12. ORALSKI
LLS
a) )r
i epeti
ti
on–r
ain,r
ain
i
i)rhy
me–spri
nkle,t
inkl
e
 i
i
i)al
li
ter
ati
on–splish,spl
ash,splat
ter
i
v)onomatopoi
eia–lighti
ng–f l
ushing,t
hundercr
ashi
ng
v
)assonance–mushy ,muddy
, hurl
y,bur
ly
Anyt
wo=2mar
ks

i
i
)aabba aaccda aaeeaf
f agg
hhaf
fi
ja (
2mar
ks)
I
tisanir
regul
arrhymescheme (
1mar
k)
i
i
i)Wit
haf al
l
ingint
onati
on (
1mar
k)

b) i
) Aspun (1mark)
i
i
) -Toentert
ain
-Tosharpenwit
-Toteachpronunci
ati
on Anyt
wo2mar ks
i
i
i) -YourbobtookourBob’sbob,
ify
ourBobdoesnotr
etur
nourBob’
sbob,
we
shal
l bobhim ont
heeye
-Iwillbookyourbookt
oread
-Lieher eandli
e
c) i
) wicked
i
i
) wor l
d
i
i
i) this
i
v) turn

d) i
)Gestures
i
i
)Facialexpr essi
ons
i
i
i)eyecont act
i
v)dramatization
v
)bodymov ement
v
i)posture Anyf
our4mar
ks

d) i
i
)- i
)Inor
dertounder
standthei
nformati
onbei
nggi
ven
i
i
)Sothatonecanavoidmaki
ngmi st
akes
i
ii
)Tohel
ponegetcor r
ecti
nst
ructi
ons

i
i
i)-i
)Wit
hafal
li
ngintonati
on
i
i)Wi
thari
singi
ntonati
on
i
ii
)Wit
hari
se–f alli
ntonat
ion

e) i
)Iam sor
ry
i
i
)Excuseme
i
i
i)Idoapologi
ze

i
i
)-i)MayIpasspl ease
i
i
)Allowmet opass
i
i
i)Pleasegi
veway
i
v)Excusemepl ease

i
i
i)-Sor
ryforl
osingy
ourr
elati
ve
-Pl
easeacceptmysi
ncerecondol
ence

13. (i)Wri
ti
ngthemat er
ialdownasi tcomesfrom t
heperformersandthe
(ii
)Useaudio-
tapetorecordt hevoicese.g.f
orsongs,pr
overbsri
ddl
estonguet
wist
ersand
nar
rati
ves.
(ii
i
)Filmi
ng/v i
deorecordingt heperfor
manceandi nt
erv
iews
iv)Memorizi
ngthemat erial Any2xl markeachforanexplai
ned
*KKN*
(i)Whent wost rongcamps/par ti
es/ peopl
eareatwart heinnocent/weaksubj ect
ssuff
er.
*KKN*
Showscommuni ti
espr acti
sel i
vestockkeeping (½mk)Thement i
onofbul l
s
*KKN*
 Fami l
y( paperf ight /disputet hechil
drensuffer
.
Pol iti
csgov ernmentandopposi t
ionwhent heyfightorarcantagonisti
c.ci
ti
zenssuff
er)
½amar kf ori dent ifi
cation
½amar kforexpl anation.
(
i)Thel i
lyint hev alleybel ow
Any1t i
ckaf teri l
l
ust ration
 Rhy mescheme-aabb cccc
Dr amat izee. g.usecompasspoi ntst oshowcastat orchtoshowt heheatandt he
wondr ousgl ow
-Dr essi nt hecol ourwhi tered,yel
low, pi
nk
-Gest uresandmi mi cry—expr essbrightli
ghtbeautyshini
ngthroughhi gher
Lily,v al
ley,bel owV

(i)
z ( ii
)n (ii
i)e ( i
v)g ½ amar keachtotal
seat—Bumb/but tocks
-chair
Feat—measur ementunitofl
ength
-plur
aloffoot
N/B:-I
fbothsentencesarecor
rectacandi
datescor
es2mar
ksi
fonl
yonei
scor
rectgi
ve
azero.

Anyf ouroft hef ol

l
owingwel l
explai
ned
Rockingi nthechai r
Conver singwithneighbours
Frequentwal kinginandoutoft heplaceofaddr
ess
Dosingof f
Continuous/f requentyawning
Chewi ngones’ nai
ls
Drummi ngthechai rordesk
Lookingatt hewat chfrequentl
y
Lookingout side
Lookingatpasser s-by Any4mar
kseach

Annalist
Serge
Cession
Threw.
Sti
rli
ng.
Cymbol . ½amar
ktot
al

Languagemustbecour t
eousifnotpenal
ize4amarkeach.
Students’responsesmustf l
owInotpenalizeamar
keach.
Penali
zegr ammat ical
error
si,espel
li
ngs
-capitali
zation
-punctuati
on ½mar keach,

14. (
a)JANE:Hell
omum/ motherIam f
ine
Haveyourecovered?
JANE:Yesmother/v
erymuchsomot her
.
Iwasontopofmycl asswhent hemi
d-t
erm exam r
esul
tswer
eannounced.(
2mks)
 JANE:Iam tol
dCarol
isj
oini
ngtheuni
versi
tyofNair
obi
.Isi
ttr
ue? (
2mks)
JANE:Nextmonthmum/motherpl
easeclearar
rear
sforme
JANE:Thanks/Iwi
l
lbegr
ateful
Howi sDaddy?(
2mks) (
2x5=10mks)

(
b) (i
)Stanza1– way s a
dove b
prai
se a
l
ov e b
Stanza2– St one c
Eye d
One e
Sky d
St
anza3- know f
Be g
Oh f
Me g
Rhyme schemei sababcdedfgfg
N/BAcceptababschemear egul
arrhymescheme
(
ii
)‘v
ery’t
oemphasi zethefactthatnobodybuthi
msel
fnot
icedherbeaut
yandl
ovedher
.
N/B-Accept‘f
ew’forasimi l
arreason.

(i
ii
) -Faci al expression–t oexpr esst hesenseofl oss
- Gest urest oemphasi zeloss
- Tonev ariati
on–st resst hef eelingofloss
-pace-sl owpacef oreffect
(acceptanyot herper for
mancef eaturewhichmustbet i
edt ot
hestanza)
(2mks
C.(i)Ket tle
Cat tle
(ii
i)Nose
Knows
(i
v)Gape
Cape
(v)Abot t
oi r
Tour
(v i
)Zoo
Coup
(v)Whal e
Hail (Acceptany5pai rs=5mks)
(d) /s/ /z/
Consci ous measur e
Mot i
on seizur e
Br ush expl osi
on
Speci al fusion
Ocean cushi on
(mark½mkeachcor r
ect–½x10=5mks)
(e)-Gat herinf ormat i
onaboutt het opice. g.t
houghl i
braryresearch,quest i
onnair
es,i
nter
views
of
obser vations
-Focusont het opic,pur
poseoft hespeechandaudi ence(whyar ey ouwr i
ti
ngitandwhatdo
you i ntendy ouraudi encetol earn/ gain/do?)Appropriatetoapar t
icularaudience
-Chooseapat ter
nofor gani zationt hatisli
kel
yt ocapt i
vatetheaudi ence.Putemphasison
the
introduct ionandconcl usi on
-Sel ectwor dsandexpr essi onst hatcommuni catecl ear
lyandpr ecisel
yt hemessagey ou
wantt
oconv ey
(
4mks)
(
f) –Gest ur
e
-faci
alexpr essi
ons
-Dramatizat i
on
-Bodymov ement
-Eyecont actwithaudi
ence (
5mks)

15. ORALSKI LLS

1. i )Al l
it
er at
ions–Cl aspscr ag,crooked
i
i)Onamat opoer a–t hunder bolt
i
ii)Rhy
mee. g.hands cr awl s
l
ands wal ls (Anytwo2mks)
2. Gi vesmusi cali
tyt ot hepoem maki ngitmemor abl
eandenj oyable.
(2mks)
3. Thunder beltt hisi s because itcapt ures the meani ng oft he l
i
ne and vivi
dly
capturest hest rengt hoft heeagl e.
(2mks)
4. Iwoul df oldmyhandsi ntoaf isttov ividl
yshow how t heeagl eflys.(
2mks)or
dramat
ize
fl
appingoft heeagl e’swings.
a)Riddl e
Entertain
Educat e
Sharpenwi ts
5. Come-Cal m
Aren’t-Aunt
Need–Knead
Way–wei gh
Oral–Aur al
6. i ) –Under standt hemessage.
-Onecansy nthesi zet hemessageandknowhowt orespond.
-Itenhancest her elationshipbet weent hespeakerandt hel i
stener.
-Youl earnmor eaboutwhati sbei ngsai d.
i
i) Facialexpr essi on.
-Usedt oenhancemeani ng.Anexampl eoff aci
alexpression–ey econtact
/fr
own.
i
ii
) Gest ures; theuseofhandse. gpoi nt
ingaf i
ngeratsomebody .
i
v) Bodypost ure–st andingposi t
ion.–Si t
ti
ngposi ti
on.

7. i
) Excusemepl ease–‘couldy
oulowerthev ol
umeofyourradi
o.’Or
Excusemepl ease‘l
owerthev ol
umeofyourradio’.
i
i) Iam sor r
y,‘
Icannotaccompanyy ou’ OrIam afr
aid‘Icannotaccompany
you.
i
ii
) Iam saddened/shockedt ol
earnoft hedeathofyourbel ov
edmot her
.
Pleaseacceptmy
si
ncerecondolences,Iam sorr
y.

16. a)(
i)ababcdedf
bgb
Therhymeschemeisi
rr
egul
art
hought
hesecondandt
hef
ort
hli
nesi
nal
lthest
anzas
r
hyme
(
ii
)Anot
hersoundpatt
ernusedi
srepet
it
ion.Ther
epeat
edwor
dsandphr
ases;
–‘myoldman’
-‘
oldman’
-‘
old’
Thi
sismeantforemphasis
 (i
ii
)Thirdl
astli
ne: Mymadi edinashack”
Iwi
llst
ressmadi edandshack
Thi
sisbecauset heyarecontentwor
ds
(
iv)Iwoul
dsayt hel astli
neinalowf al
li
ngtonet
oindi
cat
ethesadt
oneoft
hepoem
b)(i
)can
(
ii
)come
(
ii
i)sod
(i
v)robe
(
v)hard
c) a)Arey ouser i
ous?
b)Youmustbehav eyoursel
f
c)Iam goi ngshopping
d)Hecan’ tdot hat,r
eall
y!

d)-Onemustwai tf
orpauses,i
tisthemostappr opr
iateti
met ospeak
-Notewhent hespeakermayuseei t
herfal
lingorraisi
ngi nt
onati
ontoindi
cat
e
theyhav
ef i
nishedTalki
ng
-Whenthespeakerasksaquest i
on
-Onemustobservethespeakertoseeifthebodylanguagei ndicat
estheywantto
changerol
es
-Whenthespeakerusesfi
ll
ers/hesi
tat
ionssuchas: yousee---
--
,youknow--
-,Imean-
--
etc

- St rategiest oadopti ncl

ude:
- Cor r
ectsi tt
ingpost uree.g.l
eaningfor ward
e)
- Iwoul dt ell
himt omai ntaineyecont actwi t
hthespeaker
- Askhert of ol
lowanyuseofnon- v
erbal cuesbythespeaker
- Iwoul daskhert omakebr iefnotesoft hepresent ati
on
- Askhert orespondt othespeaker ’srhetor
icalquest i
ons,
jokeset
c
throughnoddi ng,laughinget c
- Identi
fyi
ngwi ththet opicbeingdiscussed
- Adv i
cehertot ryasmuchaspossi bl
et oconcent r
atebybeingkeenand
avoidinganydest ructors.

17. a)I
tisaboutapersoncomplai
ningaboutt
hedistur
bancescausedbyt
henoi
sewhi
ch
maki
ng
t
hesurroundi
ngenvi
ronmentuncomfort
abl
et ostayi
n

b) i
)Al l
i
ter
ati
on:pound,
push,pul
landplunk
i
i)Repeti
ti
on:
List
en a
Comes a
Plunk b
List
en a
Comes a
Gush b
Peace c
But b
Slurp b
Acceptotheri
ll
ust
rat
ions
Rhy mehelpstoemphasizet
hemessageandcr
eat
emusi
cal
l
yin
poem

d)Loudl
y;i
nor
dert
oemphasi
zet
hemessage

i
i
)Bawl Bal
l
 Whal
e Wail
Dr
aft Dr
aught
Mi
ssed Mi
st

i
i
i) a)-Makeanappoi nt
mentt hepol it
ici
an(Int
ervi
ewer )
- Setti
mef ortheinter
view
- Inf
ormthei nter
vieweeandt helistenersabouttheintervi
ewi .
e.Announcement
- Ensureallsupportmaterial
sandper sonnelar
er eadyandf uncti
oninge.g.
machines,writi
ngmat eri
alse.t
.c.
- Setspecif
icobjecti
vesfortheint ervi
ew
- Haveacopyofpr oposedconst i
tution
- Readandunder standthepr oposeddocument ,
especi al
l
yt hecontenti
ousclauses
- Settheint
erviewquest i
onsinsy stemat i
candclearmanneri .eshouldbepr eci
se
- Acceptanysi xandanyot herappr opri
ateanswer /poi
nt

b)-Begint heinter viewwi thintr

oduct i
one. g.personaldetai
ls,
andthepurposeoft
he
i
ntervi
ew
-Maket het opicoft heintervi
ewcl ear
-All
ocateappr opriatetimet oeachev entthatwoul dtakeplacedur
ingtheint
erv
iew
-Maket henecessar ymat eri
alsav ai
lable
-Askspeci ficquest i
onsoft heintervi
ew
-Managet het i
meal locat
ed
-Maker eferencef r om thepr oposedconst itut
ion
-Givetheint ervi
ewappr opr i
ateti
met orespondt oquest i
ons
-Askingforcl ari
ficat i
onwher enecessary
-All
owf ort hef i
nal conclusionbot hfrom intervi
ewee&i ntervi
ewer

i
i
i)-Useofdr awi nge.g.mapt oill
ustrat
et hedirecti
on
- Useofcompassdi r
ecti
one.g.mov eWest ,Sout h,Turnleftright
- Useofphy si
cal i
nfrast
ructuree.g.roads,buildings,streets,avenuese.t
.c.
- Useofgeogr aphi calappearancee. g.mount ains, r
iver
s,forestse.t
.c.
- Ill
ustratingmeansoft ransporte.g.trai
n,mat atue. t
.c.
- Indicatingt hedi stanceeit
heraccur ateorappr oxi mati
ons
- Useofsi gnpost s
- Indicatet imef rame
- Sour ceofassi stanceincaseofdi f
f i
cul
ti
es
- Thel anguageshoul dbei mperative
- Acceptanysi x,eachpoi ntshouldbeaccompani edbyexpl anati
on
- Acceptanyot herappr opriat
eanswer /point

Sect
ionI
I(Pp2)–Answer
s
Sect
ionA
1.1.Hef el
tthattheywer ebet rayingIraniancult
ureandt r
adition 1mk
2.Femal e–Sheat tendedagi r
lschool i
nwhi chDr.FarrokhrouParsawasapr inci
pal
onl
ygir
ls
att
endagi rl
sschool
3.Separatedoor stocheckont heiradherencetothest r
ictdresscode
-Forbiddent ogooutunl esstheirwholebodyIcov er
edbycl ot
hingexceptface
andhands
i
) Cannotbepol iceoffi
cers,judgesandpi lot
s/clergy
i
i) Becauseherwr i
sthadshownf r
om underhersl eeveswhileshewaswr it
ingonthe
blackboar d
4. -Cor ruptiononear th
-War ringagainstGod
-Expansionofpr osti
tuti
on
5. -Genderdi scriminati
on
 -Womendi scr
iminati
on
-Vi
olat
ionofwomenr i
ght
s
Expl
anation:Womenar
elookeddownuponandt
her
ear
elawst
oensur
e
t
his
6. -Poli
cesecur it
y
-Judges( cour t
s, j
udi
ciary)
-Pil
ot s(arcati
on)
-Mps( parl
iament /pol
itics)
7. Asituat i
ont hatthewomenar eini
ssupposedtomaket hem powerl
essbutitends
upmaki ngthem power ful becauseanydefi
ancefr
om them i
sastrongpoli
ti
cal
stat
ement .Ther egul
ationofwomenl i
veshasalsoaf
fectedthemen
8. Shef eelsthattreatmentofwomeni sunf
air
.Theyhavebeencensored;r
endered
power
less
andi nvinci
ble
9. i )Censor ed–Remov edandassumedasnotpar tofthesociet
y
ii
)Embl emati
c–Represents/sy
mbol i
zes/signi
fies/t
ypi
call
y
ii
i)Alleged–Somebodysay sthatoneis;notproved
iv)Lef t
ist–Personswhosupportlef
twing(sociali
sm/socialchange)
v)Espoused–Suppor t
ed
10.I
ranianwomen/Genderdi scri
minati
oninIran/fr
eedom ofwomeni nIr
ane.t
.c.

2 .(a)I tisst reaml inedt hr oughsoci et alofneedandpeopl esoci alneedsbr oughtaboutby

hi
stor
ical,
economi c, reli
gious, cul tural andet hical factor s ( 2mks)
(b)Comment ssuchasomenar eweakandcowar ds,gent le,nur turingandcar i
ngwhi le
menar e
breadwi nners,deci sionmaker sandgener all
yaggr essive/associ at ionwomenwi th
cer tai
nr oles andmenwi th cer t ainroles ( 2mks)
(c)t hehy br i
dsy stem i swher er olesar eshar edequal ly,helpgi v enoutwher enecessar y
tosuppl ementeach ot her ’
sef for t
sbut /howev er ,thecaseofr ever sedr ol
esiswher e
menar emadet ocook,washcl ot hes, cl eant hehouse,ut ensi lsandbabysi t(The
cont rastmustbebr oughtout ) ( 2mks)
(d)Resear chhasshownmostmi lli
onai resi nt heUSar ewomen;wi dowsofmenwho
diedy oung
fr
om di seasesr elat edt oov er wor k( 2mks)
(e)Caut ious,sensi ti
ve/ concer ned;hesay sr epor tsonr ev ersedr olesshoul dnotbe
inflammat or y;
shoul dnot t hreat ent hesoci al fabric; concer nedaboutmenwher ef emi ni
sm thri
ves
(2mks)
(f)Notf i
xedbutchangeabl egenderi sl ear nedt hroughsoci ali
zat i
on( 1mk)
(g)Theaut hori ssuppor tive/ appr eci ati
v e/encour agi ng1g( i
dent i
f ication
(i
)Menshoul dbepr epar edf orfemi nism appr oach
1a½mk
(ii
)Ti mef orgendereq u
1b i
ty h as co me
(ii
i)Gi rl
sper for m bet tert hanboy s1c
½d ½e ½f
(iv)Ladi esar emor epr ef er ablet hanmenbyempl oy ersduet ohar dwor k, honest
y,loyalty
andcost½mkeffect iv
eg
(v)Woment ot akeupr esponsi bil
itieswi thcaut ionandceaset obev ictimsofi nferior
complex1hj
 mustbe55- 65wor ds
 mustbei ncont inuouspr osei fnot50%deduct edf rom t het otal mar ks
 penal izef orexpr essi oner ror s½atev erysent ence1mkf ori dent ificati
onplusany
5point s=6mks)
(h)( 3mks)( i)Inflammat or y; –pr ov ocat ive/ provoki nganger /annoy ing/ causi nganger
(i
i
)Sobr iety–sense/ sensi tivi
ty
(i
i
i)Femi nism appr oach; –way sbywhi chher i
ghtsandoppor t unit i
escanbegi ven
towomen
3. a)Becausehei sexpect ingtobeassi gnedsomewor k.Thatwaswher ethefar
m was√
(1mar
k)
b)Itmadehi m dr awbackt othepastmemor ies√(2mar ks)
c)Hewasawhi teman√( 1mk)andDensuwast welv
ey earsold√(1mk) (2mks)
d)Hedi dnott akeabat h√( 1mark)
e)Thest rangeri sdisli
ked( bythepeople)√( 1mar k)
f)Akan√( 1illust r ation)-
whent hewhi t
emanst oppedaski nghim abouttheAkan
names
oft hings√( 1mar k)
g)-Forcompani onshi p√1a
-Nol ongeri nt er estedi nAkanl anguage√1b
-Atf irsthewant edt oattractDensu√1c
NB/mustbei nnot eformi fnotdeduct½mkf rom thetot
al(4mks)
h)Pat ient s√- all thet i
mewai ti
ngt obeassignedsomewor k√1
det ermi ned- lear nedt hel anguagev eryfast(anyonewel lil
l
ustr
ated2mks)
i
)-Impl ore, i
nqui re( 1mk)
-Topcov eroft rees( 1mk)
-Point ingorpr oddi ngwi thafinger(1mk)
-I
solat e/ignor e( 1mk)
-Notcl ear ,notunder st
ood( 1mk) (
1x5=5mks)

4.a)Theyshoul dbri
ngt hem upi nsuchawayt hattheyunder
standthei
rrol
esasleaders,
pr
ovidersand
prot
ectors 2
marks
a)-Theyshoul dencouraget hem thatthechallengesaredoorstoopport
uni
ty,st
epping
stonet o
great
ersuccess 2
mar ks
-Theyshoul dbelieveintheirabil
it
ies 1mar
k
ii
)–Theymustnotal l
owt obepushedt obecomewhatt heyarenoti
nter
estedin
-Theyshouldmaket heirownchoi ces
-Theyshouldlearnfrom theirmistakes
3mar ks

c)Theywi llhav ei nadequat et i

met onur t
urehersonsandbeahomemaker .I
twi l
lal
somake
thei
rsonsl earnt hatt heirfatherisirresponsible
d)Itistoremi ndt hecar eerwomenwhoshunt heirdomest i
croles/dut
iesthattheserol
es
shouldtakepr ecedenceov ertheircar eers/achievement s
2mar ks
e)Suggest edpoi nts 4
mar ks
ROUGHCOPY
- Mi ndy ourl anguagewhent alkingt ohimt oav oidbeli
ttl
inghismasculi
nit
y
- Tr ypr aisinghi mf orachange
- Rel atet hedut i
esy ouassi gnhi mt ohi smascul init
y
- Reassur ehi mt hatyoubel i
evei nhi mintimesofcr i
sis
f)
- Mal echi l
drenf eel happy /satisfi
ed/cont entedwhenpar ent
stakenot eofor
pr aisest heirmascul i
nequal i
ti
es
- Mascul i
ne-Qual it
iest ypicalofmen/r elat
edt omale
- Bossy -feelingsuper i
or 3
mar ks

5.UNSEENTEXT
 1.Weat herandr ocksi nt eract/toreplacewor koutsoil
2mks
2.Manaccel eratessoi l erosioncr eati
ngi mbalancewher esoili
serodedfast
erthannat ur
e
canreplacei t
3.TheAmer icanDustBowl isperhapst hemostf r
equentlyquotedexampleofsoil
erosion
1mk
4.Ment ioningexampl esofsoi ler
osioncasesf r
om allovertheworlde.
g.America,Afr
ica
(Tanzania),Asi a,Middl eEaste. t.
c.
2mks
5.Thedownf allofcivilizat i
ons
1mk
6.Usual ly:Adv erbThought l
ess:Adjective 1mk
7. Theani mal sar ewi ld, domest i
cati
ngt hem i
snotr eali
sticint
herealsenseofthewor d,
asweknowi t
8.
a.Ter r
acing
b.Cont ourf armi ng
c.St ripploughi ng
d.Gr assgr owing
e.Al lowinggr owt hofweeds
f. Cul t
ivatinglegumi nouscr ops
5mks
9.i)Renew-r eplace
i
i)Bar r
en-bar e/wi thoutv eget ati
on
i
ii)Pace–speedatwhi chsomet hinghappens

6. COMPREHENSI
ON.

MARKI NGINSTRUCTIONS:
a)Deduct½amar kf r
om thetotal
ofeveryanswerwit
hanexpressi
onerr
or,
excepti
n(g)
and1(
h)
b)Af f
ixcapit
all
ett
er‘E’t
ot hepenali
zedmark.I
tisadvi
sabl
etounderl
i
netheerr
orsi
n
orderto
just
ifythepenal
ty.
c)Penal i
zeonceineachanswer .
d)Insistoncompletesentenceexcepti
nquesti
ons1(h)and1(g)

a.Itisaboutunempl oy ment( 1mk)

b.Theyar et hosewhoar ement all
yandphy si
cal l
ycapabl eandwi l
li
ngt owor kbut
cannotf indwor k(2mks)
c.Theywoul dbyusi ngv otestoensur et hatl eaderswhocausepol i
ticaltr
oubledo
notr i
se
to/ arev otedoutofpowerby usi ng/throught heirvotes,ci
ti
zenscanensur ethat
politi
cally
troublesomel eader sdonotr iset opower ( anyonepoi nt2marks)=TOTAL( 2mks)
d.Ci ti
zens, throught heirvotes,hav ethemeansofensur ingthatsuchpeopl edonot
accedet o
power (2mks)
e.- Thel eader saref alse/notreal/fake
-Thel eaders/ t
hepeopl eelecteddonotl ivetot heexpect ati
onsofthepeople/elect
orat
e
-Thel eader s/ peopleel ect
eddonotsat isfywhatt heyareelect
edfor.(anyONE,
1mar
k=1mk)
f.a.-TheAf ricangov er nmentaret oblame( f
ort heunempl oyment)
-TheAf ri
cangov ernment shol dtheblamef ort heunempl oymentsituation
b.-TheAf r
icangov er nmentwoul dsuppor tl
ocal industr
iesbuttheydonot
c.–Theywoul dimpr oveinf
rastructur
esbutt heydonot
 d.Theywoul denhanceef fi
ciencybysoundpol i
ciesbutt heydon’
t
e.–Theywoul dimprovesecur it
ybutt heydon’t
.
(Eit
herpoint(a)2mksAND3ofb, c, d,e,1mkeach=5MKS)
g.a)expl
oitati
onofAf r
icansmaki ngt hem evenpoor er√1a
b)Cheapergoodsar eallowedi nt hecount r
y√1b
c)Locali
ndust r
iescannotcompet e, hencet heycollappse√1c
d)Unemploy mentisalwayst heconsequences√1d ( fourpoi
nts,
1MKeach=4mks)
h. i
)ease- makelesssev ere/allev i
ate
ii
)accede-takehighpositi
oni n/tol eadership
ii
i)pat
ri
otism-loveforone’scount ry ( each1MK=t otal3mks)

7.(
a)Pr ecauti
onst akeni ncl ude: - (8mks)
- Theexami nat i
oncent r esar emannedbysuper vi
sorsandi nvigil
atorswhoar equalifi
ed
teachersofi ntegrity .
- Ar medpol iceof ficer smant hecent res
- Seni orof fi
cer sar ei n-char geoft hest ationst hattheexami nat i
onspaper sar ekept.
- Candi dat esar et hor oughl ysear chedbef or etheygeti ntoexami nationhal l
s.
- Bagscont ainingquest ionpaper sar eopenedbyt hesuper v i
sori nthepr esenceofal l
candidates, invigilat ors, securityofficersandcent r
eheadt eacher
- Anysur pluspaper sar eseal edandkepti nf ul
l v
iewofcandi datesdur ingthepar ti
cular
papersent iredur at ion
- Att het i
meofsi ttingf ort hepaper ,
candi datesar eunderhawk- eyedi nvi
gilators
- Answerbookl etsar eseal edi nthepr esenceofal lcandidates, i
nv i
gilatorsandhead
teachers.(8mks)
(b)-Exami nationcheat i
ngi scausedbyl acki ngofmor alintegri
tyormor aldepriviat
ioninthe
society
(2mks)
-Thepar entsandt eacher shav ef ai
ledi nt heirdutyofmoul dingt hey oungst ers
(2mks)
(c)Theeducat ioni nst ituti
onshav et heabi li
tyt oinstil
lmor alsandet hicsbecause:
- School spl ayacr uci alr oleint r
ansmi t
tingv alues
- School goingchi ldr enspendmor etimewi t
ht eacherst hanwi thanyot herper sons.
- Lear nerst akeany thingsai dbyt heteacher sast hegospel tr
ut handnotev enpar entscan
maket hem t hinkot her wi se (
3mks)
(d)Stri
ngent (1mk)
(e)-Manned–cont rol led
-Hoaxes–unt r
ue/ tri
cks
-Guzzli
ng–consumi ngal otofmoney
-Buck–passi ng-shi fting, blameorr esponsi bil
it
y

8. COMPREHENSI ON
a)Tomot i
vatet heirstudent( 1)tot urnint
otopperformers
(Inthenat i
onal exami nation) (1)
b) a- acar( 1a)
b-amot orcycle1b
c-agener ouscashr ewar d( 1c)
(Mustbei nnotef ormi fnotdeduct½f r
om totalmark)
c)Mustscor ean‘ A’ (
1)
(i
f‘A’isnoti nquot esnomar k)
d)Theboar dhadchal lengedcandi dateswithanenticingoff
er;(1)
anyone who had got an ‘ A’woul d receive a mot orcy
cle ,( 1)
one-y
ear
comprehensivei nsurancecov er(1)andsh. 5000(1)
e)UnlessIgetone, Iwi l
lnotgost raighti
ntothebodabodabusi ness
OR
Iwillnotgost raightintot hebodabodabusi nessunlessIgetone( 1)
f)Whereas t he r ewar d mot ivates t he st
udentt o be top perf
ormers,thei
rlevelof
 motivationcould
easi l
y come cr ashi
ng down once t hey step outinto a wor l
d wher
e money i
s
scarce.(mustbe i r
onyifnotnomar ks)(
3)
g)Rewar dsaregood( 1)aslongast heyarer
elevantandsustainabl
e(1)
h)Notonl yschoolboar dsbutal sool dboysandgi rl
sassociati
onsarewil
l
ingt
ospend
mill
i
ons
oni ncent i
vesf orthestudents1)
i
)Ent erprisi
ngy outh-
young,industr
iouspeopl
e(1)
Chal l
engesofev erydaylif
e-upsanddownsf acedi
nli
fe(1)
Di sori
entate-makeunst abl
e.(1)

9. a)I fanaut horhasgeni us, hesuf fersthepenal tyofgeni us.Ifhehasonl ytalent

s, v
arious
cares
andwor riesmakel if
eext remelymi ser able.Het akesgr eatpainst ocompose.He
meet swithof
continuousdi sappoint ment sathi sabi li
tytoexpr esshi msel f.Hei salsof acewi t
ht he
dif
fi
culty
ofgai ningt hepubl icear .Al it
eraryli
fei s,theref ore, most l
yanunhappyone.
b)Youngwr it
er shopet hatt heywi l
lbecomef amousi ft
heyj ustt hrowt hatpoem att he
worlds
feet.Theybel ievethatt heyhav eonlyt ogett hatnov el pri
nt edtobeacknowl edgedat
oneas
anew hei ghti nli
teratur e.
c)No.Edi tor sandpubl i
sher sar eapr act i
cal bodyofmen; theyconductt heirbusinessin
the
hardestt i
mesofapr ofitandl ossaccount s.Theycannott hereforebesy mpat heticto
young
author s.
d)Wher east heyar eexpect edt oplacet hebestl iterat ur
ebef orethepubl ictheirmai n
i
nterestis
maki ngpr ofit.
e)Itwoul dbegener all
ydi ff i
cultforay oungaut hort ohav ehi sbookpubl ished.Afterhis
booki s
broughtout ,heshoul dbepr eparedtof acehost ilecr i
tics.
f)Keatsi sment ionedinor dert oshowt hedamaget hatsav agecr iti
sm candoa
sensiti
vewr i
ter.
g)Awr i
tershoul dbesi lentwhencr iti
cized.
h)Becameedi tor sandpubl ishersareonl yinterest edi nmaki ngapr ofi
t.
i)Menofl etters-writ
ersanewl i
ghtinliterature–ani mpor t
antwr i
ter.
Chast i
sement -
tor ture, punishment .

10. a)Ther ootoftribalandracialmisunder st

andi ngisent nocent ri
cism (1mark)
b)Becausecust omsineachsoci et yev olv
et omeetspeci ficneeds (1mark)
I
llustr
ati
on: Nomadict ri
besofBr azilandAust raliakil
l thei
roldinor dertoav oi
d
beingdelayedast heymov einsear chofpast ureandf rom attacks (2
mar ks)
c)Thei r
onyi nthewayt henomadst reatedt heirol
di sthatt heyt houghtittobeki ndto
kil
lthei
r
ownol dones.Theypr eferredtoki l
l t
heirown( old)iftheybur denedt hem thant olet
them
bet ort
uredandki ll
edbyt heirenemi es.Thebot tom lineist heol dwouldhav edied, why
kil
l
them yourself (
3mar ks)
d)Bycont rasti
nghowt heol daret reatedinKeny aandBr azil/Aust r
ali
a,thewritershows
that
thereisnost andardcrit
eria,oftreatingt heol dacrosst hewor l
d.Thusweshoul dnot
 beethnocent r
ic (2marks)
e)Thewr i
tersattit
udeist hatthetr
eat mentwasj usti
fi
ablebecauseithel
pedthem to
meeta
need:Feedt heiranimalsinnewf ieldandav oi
dt heenemies (2
marks)
f)Oldpeopl earehel dinveryhighest eem,hereinKeny aasinmanypar tsofAfr
ica
g)Ethnocent ri
cism
h) i )Root–t hecause/or i
gin
ii
)Exalt–upl i
ft
,holdinhighest eem
ii
i)I
nconcei vable–unt hought-ofunexpected/unimagined
iv)Appar entl
y–cl earl
y,wit
houtdoubt
i
ii) Di scord–di sharmony ,
fri
cti
on

11. a)Et hnocent r

ism/pr acticeofput tingour selvesatt hecent reofev erythingandf i
nding
othersby
ourst andar ds1 (1mk)
b)-Cust omsi neachsoci et yev ol
v etomeetspeci ficneeds/needsuni quetothatsoci et
y
1
-Nomadi ctribesofBr azil andAust ral
iausedt oki lltheiroldtoav oidt hediff
icultyof
mour ni
ng
withthem/i nor dert osav et hem f r
om t or ture2
(3mks)
c)Iti
si ronical forthenomadi ctri
best ocl aimt hatt heywer esavingt heiroldfrom deat h
by
kil
li
ngt hem
d)Heusescont rasttopr ov et hatt herecanbenouni versal
lyaccept edwayoft reating
theold/
cult
ureev olvest omeetspeci fi
cneeds2
(2mks)
e)Hesuppor ts/appr eciat est hepr acti
ce.1Hear guest hat“theoldwer eabur denand
i
f captured,1woul dbet or turedt odeat h; itwaski ndert okillthem
(2mks)
f) a)Cul tur eev olv
est omeetspeci ficsoci etalneeds1
b)Di fferentenv ironmentwi l
lhav edi fferentcul tures1
c)Nocul tureisinf erior/super i
ort oanot her1
d)Peopl eshoul dlear nt oappr eciat eot hercul tures1
-Mar kupt o40wor ds
-Deductagl immerf orgr ammat ical mistakes
-Awar d½mkf orev erypoi nti nnot ef orm
g) i )Root–cause/or igin
(1mk)
ii
)Exal t–pr aise/makesomet hingl ookbet t
ert hanitis/upl i
ft/holdinhi gh
esteem(1mk)
ii
i)Inconcei vable–Unf athomabl e/unhear dof /underst able/incompr ehensi bl
e
iv)Put tingour selvesatt hecent erofev er yt
hing-maki ngour selveslookbet teror
mor e
impor tantthanal lotherpeopl e
v)Wi t
hdownwi thscor non–Tr eatot herpeopl easi ftheyar ewor thl
ess

12. a)Rulesgov erntheorganizat

ional
structureofaninsti
tut
ion,i
tscomposi t
ion,i
tspower
s
and
therul
eswhi chregul
ateitsmanagement√2mar ks
b)Inaunitar
yconstit
uti
ont hecentr
algov ernmentret
ainsthepri
ncipalpowersofstat
e;
ther
eis
nodelegat
ionofpower stotheprovinces√2whi l
eunderaf ederalconsti
tut
iont
(Thecontrastmustcomeoutt hroughuseofwor dssuchas‘ while’
e.t.
c.)
4mar
ks
c)Keny ahasaconst it
ut i
ont hathast hef oll
owingqual i
ti
es:
- I ti sawr it
tenconst it
ut i
on√1
- Fl exi ble√1
- Uni tar y√1
3mar ks
d)Candi dat eschoi ce : Wr i
ttenconst ituti
on√1/unwr itten
Reasonsf orunwr it
ten Reasonsf orwr itten
√-I tiscont ainedi nanumberof -Suppor t
edbyt hel awsot hatanyot herl
aw
sour cese. g.st atutelaw, casel aw thatisi nconsi stentwi ththeconst i
t uti
on
e.
t.c. cannotpr evail
√ -Fl exible -Foundi nonedocument
√ -Canbeamendedeasi ly -Noteasi l
yamended
(Choi ce–1mar k,3r easonseach, total4mar ks)
- Mustbei nnot efor m ev i
dentt hroughuseofnumber s,dashes,bullet se.t
.c.i
f
notpenal i
zebyr educi ng½mar kf r
om t otal scored
e)Onl yasar esul tofal ongandcumber somepr ocedur ecanar i
gidconst i
tutionbe
changed√ ( Anyspel li
ngorgr ammat i
cal err
orshoul dbepenal izedby½mar k)
f)I
nKeny a, wehav easepar ati
onofpower sbutonl yt oacer tai
nextent ,
don’twe?
(Wi thoutcomma, ½mar k
Withoutquest i
onmar k0
Capi tal Di ndon’ t½mar k)
g i)Cumber somepr ocedur e–al ongandt axingpr ocess
ii
)Voi d–usel ess,irrelevant
ii
i)Ul trav i
res–I r
regul ar
, null
andv oid
iv) Bl ock-St op,hindert hepr ogr essof
v) Ref erendum –pr ocessofseeki ngt heaccept anceoft hepubl icf ora
const i
tuti
on

13. ( a)Theyar eassumedt obei nthedr oughtst ri

ckenr ur
alar
eas (
2mks)
(b)(i)Hav i
ngonemeal aday
(ii)Adultsar erestricti
ngt hefoodr ati
onst heyconsume
(iii
)Somear erunni ngint odebt
(iv)Somear emov i
ngel sewher e
(v )Somear esav ingwhat ev ertheyhav e(3mks)
(c)Ar i
sei nl ar
cenyandot herpet t
ycr i
mes (
1mk)
(d)Risingf oodpr i
ceshav emademat ter
sal otwor se(1mk)
(e)Theyar egi v
ingt hel easthel pt otheur banpoor .Theyhav
elessenthusi
asm for
fundi
ngand
impl ement i
ngnonf oodi nterventions(2mks)
(f) ( i)Dr ought
(ii)Reducedear ningsr esulti
ngf rom thel ossofemploymentaf
tertheelect
ion
viol
ence
(iii
)Ri si
ngf oodpr ices
(iv)HI VandAI DS
(v )Displacementduet opost -el
ectionviol
ence( 4mks)
g)Theydon’ tengagei nfar ming
(h)-Allev i
ate–r educe
-Larceny–st ealing
-Donordol e-aid
-Sugarcoat i
ng–t odownpl ayt hebi t
tertr
uth (
4mks)

14.a)Themostt
ragi
cfacti
sthatwhi
l
ephy
sical
mat
uri
tydev
elopsnat
ural
l
ywi
tht
hepassage
ofti
me,
 ment al mat ur
itydoenot .
b) -Par ent alguidancedur i
ngchi ldhood.
-Env ironment al conditi
onsunderwhi chonegr owsup.
-Personal att
it
ude/ indiv
idual eff
or t
.
c) Accor dingt otheaut hor,amat uremani sonewhoi sr
esponsi
bleandwhoisawareof
whati
s
accept ableandcor rect.
d) Per for ming–doi ng, l
earninginformat i
on,di
scover.
e) Doeshe?
f) Possi bil
it
iesare: ont hecont rary,ont heotherhand,never
thel
ess.
g) Quot ationf r
om aut horit
y.
i
)Forexampl eGaut amaBudhaa, Aristol
eandHar ry
t
h
i
i)Useofr epetition–i n5 par agraph; Awareashei sandheisawar e.
i
ii
)Useofanal ogy–i n3rdpar agraph
h) Hei scont empt ious--her eferstot hem asdanger ousandsaysthat“t
heycausemuch
har
m.”

15. (
a)Thegr
andmot
her
’sr
eci
peofr
emai
ningy
oungi
stokeeponesel
fbusydoi
ngt
hings
that
i
nter
estonesel
finst
eadofi
dli
ngar
oundandbecomi
ngsent
iment
alandper
sonal
about
otherpeople
(
b)-Onemustl ookfor wardtothefuture,
yetthepastisi
mpossiblet
oignore1a
 Of t
en,theattr
act i
veissuesofthepastarediff
icul
ttoi
gnore 1b
 Onemustcont roli
nteract
ionwiththeyouth1c
 One’sownchi ldrenoftenleadonetotakingapersonali
nter
esti
ntheaffai
rsofyoung
people 1d
 Theconst antawar enessofone’sdutyt
ot heyoungconfl
ict
swiththewi
sht or
emain
emot i
onall
ydet ached.1e

MARKI NGI NSTRUCTI ONS

o Mustbei nnot ef ormi fnot ,
deduct (amar kf rom thet otal score)
o Not esaredet ectedbyuseofdashes, dot s,
useofr omannumber se.t.c
o Nopenal tyf orfaultyexpr essions
c)I mper sonal i
nteresthel pst hei ndividual whoi sgrowingol dtoav oidbecomi ngbur dened
wit
ht he
emot ionoft oomuchat tachmentt ot hey outh (
2mks)
d)Thesi mileis‘anindividual humanexi stenceshoul dbel ikear iver( 1mk) .Likear i
veron
i
ts
courset otheseaori t
sdest i
nation, thei ndividual’
sli
fei spackedwi t
hact ion (1mk)
e)Ev enatt heoldageofni nety -
two, thewr iter’
sgr eatgrandmot herwassoact ivethather
descendant scouldnoti gnor eherpr esence, forsheact ivelymadei tfelt
(2mks)
f)I
ti sbecauset hefuturest il
l holdsagr eatdeal forhi
m( 1mk)andt hatdeat hwi l
l
depriv
e/ denyhi m
of al lthesepossi bleoppor tuniti
es (1mk) (2mks)
g)“ I
twasi nthisspher ethatl ongexper i
encewasr eal
lyfruitful,
andt hatt hewi sdom bornof
exper i
encecoul dbeusedwi thoutbecomi ngabur den.” (
1mk)
N/B: I
gnor ethequot at
ionmar ks
h)Vi tali
ty-greatener gy/l
iveliness
Mel anchol y–sad
Rushi ngpassi onately–mov i
ngf ast/steadi l
y
Clingingt oyouth-const antlyseeki ngt hecompanyofy oungpeopl e( 4mks)

16. a)I
tsl
ongslenderbodyal
l
owsi tt
osli
pdownburrowsandfi
ndpr
eywhi
l
et heysl
eep1
t
husreduci
ngtheri
skofinj
urywhenat
tacki
ngpreyt
hesamesi
zeasi
tself1
(2mks)
b)Iti
ssecr etiv
eandpr i
mar ilynoct urnal1
(1mk)
Inburrows, i
tsleeps½mkcat chesf ood½mk, av oidspredators½mkandhar sh
weather½mk.I tal sogi vesbirthtoi tsy oung1mk (4mks)
c) i )Bl ack–f oot edf erretissmal l
erthandomest icf err
et1a
i
i)Domest i
cf erretshav ecreamycol our edf urwhi lebl
ackf ootedf er
retshav edull
yell
ow
furthatissl i
ght lydar keronbacksi de2b
i
ii)Domest icfer r
et shav edar khai rti
ps, feetandf urwhileblackf ootedoneshav e
black
tailt
ipsandf urar oundey es2c
(5mks)
N. B–Thecont rastmustbet heref oreacht oscore
-Mustbei nPROSEFORM.I fnot ,deduct50%f rom t hetotalscore.
-Deductagl immer( -
)oncei nasent encef orfault
yexpr essions
-Maxi mum numberofwor ds, 75.Putt wopar all
ellines(//)af t
erthe
75thword
d)Mostoft hem diedofdi stemperpr ompt ingsci enti
stst ocapturether emai ni
ngones
(3mks)
e)Ast r
ongsmel li
ngf luidf r
om t hatscentgl andsundert hetail
scanbedi schar gedif
these
animalsar efri
ghtened (1mk)
f)Togeti t
smai ndiet,pr air
iedogs, whichar ef oundi nt hoseplaces (2mks)
g) i )Di scharge–sendoutl i
quid/allowl iquidt oescape
i
i)Odour–smel l
i
ii)Nocturnal –act i
veatni ght (3mks)

Sect
ionB-answer
s
1. EXTRACT
a)Bet rayi
ngt het ribebymar ryingNy ambur a
b)Tokeept hepur i
tyandsecr etsoft het r
ibe
c)I tisi r
onical t
hatWai yaki’
snameshoul dbehi sruin
d)- peopl elookupt ohi m
- Sy mbol ofthet r
ibe,bor nwi thallitspur i
ty
- Theyador eandwor shi phim
- Theyar et akingt heoat hinhisname
- Kabony ihat eshi m andwoul dkillhim
- Hi snamei sinKi amagi vingitgreatpower
e))Agai nstbet rayi
nghi st ri
beunl ikehi sfatherandgr andfather
f)Violence–Bur ningofahutbel ongi ngtoJoshua’ snewestf oll
ower s
g)Concer ned–Concer nedaboutWai yaki’
swel f
are
Advisory–Headv icesWai yaki
h)Her egretsashef eelst hepowerandi nfl
uencewasev erywher ei ni
t
i)Preoccupi edwi thschool sandt hewi deningr if
tanddi vi
sions
Hehasnot imef ort ri
bal ceremoni esandr ituals
j
) i )Associ ate–Oney ouwor kwi t
h
i
i
)Ri ft–Di sagr eement
k)-Yes, peoplel oseconf idencei nhi m att heendbecausehebr eakstheoathbyassoci
ati
ng
withNy ambur a.–Hei sr ej
ect edbyt hev er ypeoplewhower eprai
singhi
sname
- Hi sgr eatnamei ssmear edwi thmudasKabony i prov esheisagai
nstt
hetri
be

2. THERI
VERBETWEEN‘
NgugiWaThi
ong’
o’
 (a)-Heat tempt edt ogetr eachesofSi rianaandsucceeded
- Hewasaccusedofbei ngat rait
orbyt heKi ama
- Theywoul daccusehi m publi
clyandi fheWai y
akiwasnt hewr ong, letthepubl i
cdeci de
hisfat e (3mks)
(b)Thet hemeofr ivalry
-Thisi st her i
v alrybet weenKabony i
andWai yaki(1mki denti
fi
cati
on+i ll
ustr
ation=2mks)
(c)don’ty ou?( withoutacomagi ve½)( 1mk)
(d)-Hehadt hathu/ Hewascl eansedaf tert ouchingdeadMut honi1a
-Hewasi nl eaguewi t
ht hewhi t
eman1b
-Wai yaki mademanysecr etjourney st
oSi r
ianai nthepr ot
estoflookingf orteachers1c
-Wai yaki preferseducat iont otaki
ngupar msagai nstthewhi t
eman1d
-Educat ioncannotgi vebackt heland 1e(5mks)
(e)Theseerwho pr ophesized thecomi ng oft hewhi t
eman / peopl ewi t
h clot hsl i
ke
butterfl
ies( 1mk)
Hismessage/ prophecypr eparedWai y akif orleadershipheembar kedoneducat i
onoft he
ri
dge(3mks)
(f)Thebut ter f
li
escannotbespear ednotcant heybecutbyapanga.Onemustl earnt hei
r
way s (
2mks)
(g)Kabony iwast hef ir
stconv erttojoi nt hewhi temanandhei saccusi ngWai yakiofal l
formsof
indulgencewi tht hewhi teman( Thet woopposi t
esi desmustbebr oughtout )(2mks)
(h)Theepi sodeofhowMur ungut hecr eatorgav er i
set oGikuyeandMumbiandgav ethem
theland –showshowdef ensivetheywer eoft heirland(ontopofMountKi ri
ny aga)( 2mks)
(Any2i l
lustrat i
onsoft hestor y)
(i
)Thegi ant soft het ribe
Waiy aki wasnotr eadyf orcir
cumci sion( 3mks)
(j
)Asacr edgr oov ehadspr ungupandpeopl epaidhomaget here (2mks)

3. a) -Circumci sionwasi ntheof fi

ng√( 1mk)
-Wai yaki want edt ot akepar ti nt hecer emoni alact ivi
ti
esoft hetri
bebuthewasdi sturbed√
(1mk)
-Wai yaki goest ohi smot hershutatni ghtandf i
ndsherst il
lawake√( 1mk)
-Themot heraskshi mi fiti
struehei si ntendingtomar r
yJoshuadaught er.Hedeni est his√
(1mk)
-Hegoest ohishutandhehear saknockatt hedoor .i
tisKamauwhohascal ledonhi m
√( 1mk)
(
Anyf ourpoi nts1mar keach( total4mar ks)
b)Rev engef ul√( 1mk)Kamausawi nWai yaki t
hehawkt hatalway ssnat cheshi spi ece
ofmeatwhenhehi msel fwasaboutt oeatit√(1mk)
Sly √( 1mk)hedecei vesWai yakithathedi dnotknowwhyt heKiamawant edtoseehi m√
1mk
I
dent ifi
cat i
on1mk
I
ll
ust ration 1mk any2t raits( il
lustrati
onwi thoutidenti
fi
cati
on0mar ks( total4
mar ks)
c)Hei sWai yaki colleaguet eachingt oget heri nMar ioshoni.Hehasacor di
alrelat
ionshipwi th
Wai y aki
d)-Hehadt akenMut honi tohospi tal√(1mk)
-
Hehadt ouchedadeadbody √( 1mk) (
2mks)
e)-Wai y akihadal way sst rovetobr inglightt othet ri
bet hr
ougheducat ion√1mk
-
Hehadbeenr espect edandr efer r
edt oast het eacher√1mk
-Whenheappear sbef or etheKi ama.Her eceivesacol dwel comef rom theel
der s√1mk
-TheKi amadoesnotr ef ertohim ast het eacherashadal waysbeent hecase√1mk ( total 4
mar ks)
f)Hecomment edt hatitwasadar knight( 1mar k)
g)i
)Met aphor √1mkKamaul ooksatWai y aki asbei ngahawkt hatalway ssnatcheshi s
pieceofmeat √1mk
i
i
)Di
rectspeech√1mk.“ whydoest heKiamawantme? ”
“oh,Idon’tknowexact l
y”√1mk (
tot
al4mar
ks)
h)lay(1mark)
i)
i)vaguely-
notdet ai
l
ed/ notexact/
unclear.(
1mar
k)
ii
)rouse-exci
te(1mar k)
i
ii
)gli
tter
-bri
ghtness( 1mark) ( 3marks)

4. COMPREHENSION2
a)Shewant edt ogetcircumci sedandknewherf atherwoul dn’tal
lowher
b)Becauset hement ionoff orbiddenthingsatanyot herti
mewasasoci al
taboo
c)Mut honi:-Rebelli
ous-Rebel sagainstherf ather
d)Wasn’ tthatt heti
me?
e)Theyst ri
ppedt othewai st;
theirbreast sflappingont heirchests.Theyalso
wntaroundt hebigfi
re,swungt hei
rhi psandcont ortedtheirbodies
f) ThatJoshuat ookbeersecr etlybutnobodyhadev erseenhi m dri
nki
ng.That
healsohadahandi nMut honi ’
sdecisiont ogetci rcumcisedsoast oappease
theangrygodsbutnoonecoul dprovet his
g)Awhi t
emanwhor unst hesirianami ssionschool
h)Repet i
ti
on: -Theywentr oundandr ound, Menshr iekedandshout edand
j
umped

5 LITERARYPASSAGE
. Beforetheexcer pt
-Therehadbeenar all
yatKameno
-Waiyaki’
swat chest heral
lyfrom hishut
-Hewal ksawayt owar dsHoni dRiver
-MeetsNy ambur anearHoni ar i
ver(prayi
ng) Anyt wopoint
s1mar keach=2mar ks)
Aftertheexcerpt
- Wai yakiremember sthesceneaf ewyearsbackwhentheyhadcarr
iedMuthoni
to
Si
ri
ana
- Wai yakitel
lsNy aburahel ovesher
- At eardropsfrom Ny ambur a’seye
- Theyhug( ebrace)Wai yakitakesNy amburai
nhisarms
- Wai yakiasksNy ambur aifshewi llmarr
yhim/shesaysno Any2points1@ =2
mks

2.Themesofr el
igion–sacr edgr ovement i
oned
-Nyambur apray i
ng
Athemeofl ov e–Wai yakiembr acesNy ambur a
-Heaskhert omar ryhim
Any2t hemesi l
lustr
ated@ 2mar ks=4
Identificati
on–1mk
Ill
ustrat i
on–1mk
3.Al eadershal l
risefrom thehi ll
swhowi lll
eadandsavethepeopl
e
2mks
4.Wai yaki
Pati
ent–Hewai t
edf orherpat ientl
y
Cowar dly–Hewant edt owal kaway
Loving–Hehel dheri nhisar ms( embraced)
- AsksNy ambur at omar ryhim
Nyambur a
Reli
gious–goest oHoni aRivertopr ay
Defiant–Tal kst oWai yakidespi t
eherf ather’
srest
ri
cti
ons
4mks
5.-Feelsat tachedt oriverHonia
-RiverHoni ai sscr ed
 -Lookingf orpriv
acyf r
om home
-Remember sMut honi
-Makesherf eelapeaceofmi nd
6. i )Appar i
ation–f i
gure( unclear)
i
i)Propriate–st opf rom beingangr y/placate
i
ii
)Discer nible–r ecogni zable/v i
sible 3mks
7.Gave( hi m)away 1mk
8. –l andf orciblytaken
-Whiteshadnor espectf ort
r adit
ional val
uese.g.circumcisi
on
-Forcedl abour
-Taxation 3mks
9. -Atni ghtwi yakiwasst r
oll
ingint hevil
lage
-Aft
erhehadat t
endedJoshua’ sser vi
ce( hewasst andingwit
hKamau)
-AtHoni aRi v erwhenhecamet ot ellhertogov i
sitthesickMuthoni

6.
a.Deduct½amar kf rom t het otal ofev er yanswerwi thanexpr essioner ror
b.Af fi
xcapi tal letter‘E’ tot hepenal izedmar k.Itisadv isabletounder l
inet heerr
orsin
ordert
o
j
ust ifythepenal ty
c.Penal izeonl yoncei neachanswer
d.I nsistoncompl et esent encesi ngi vingt heanswer
a.-soonWai yaki vanishedt hehi l
lswi tht heknowl edgeofhi sf athert ogot oSir
iani√1
-l
at erhei sjoi nedbyKamauandKi nithia√1 TOTAL=( 2MKS)
b.r i
dicul ed( 1mk)
c. a. )Theseerwasr eject edbyt hepeopl e(oft her i
dges)
b.)Thepeopl edi dnotbel i
ev ehi m
c.)Theygav ehi m nocl othesandnof ood
d.)Hebecamebi tter
e.)Hehi dhi msel f
f.)her ef usedt ot el
l them mor e
g.)hewentbey ondt hehi ll
st ot hewor l
dy onder
h.)t heyspoket hemessageev enl ouder
i
.)t heyl aughedandpour edscor nonhi m
j.)Butsomesayhewascar ri
edupbyMur ungu ( ANY6POI NTS, 1MK
EACH=6MKS)
d.-thei mage/ itisbut terfli
es√1 ( 2mks)
-i
tr ef
er st ot hewhi teman√1 ( I
dentification=1; i
ll
ustrat
ion=1mk)
e.-somepeopl esayhewasbur ied√1
-other ssayhewascar ri
edawaybyMur ungu√1( Expectbot hpointsfor1mkeach=t otal
(2mks)
f.i)heonl yf eltweakandsmal lbutheal sodi dnotknowwhathewant edt osay√1
i
i)Notonl ydi dpeopl enotbel ievehi m butsomeal sopour edscor nonhi m√1 Tot al=
(2mks)
g.a. )Chege
-Loy al-obey edt hetradi ti
onsofhi speopl e/ hef ulfi
ll
edthepr ophecy
-Rev er ent -
tot hesacr ednessoft hemy sti
cal ,celestialgroveandenv ir
onment
-Knowl edgeabl e-aboutt r
adi ti
ons/ knowt hest oryofhi stri
be.
Ident ifi
cat ion1mk; i
llust rat ion1mk=t ot al(2mks)
Illustrationwi thouti dent i
ficat i
on=zer o
b.)Wai y aki
-fear f
ul /arest r uck-…. .“Iseey ouf ear ”/byt hedi v
ineconsci ousness
-Sensi tiv e-t
ot hedi vineconsci ences
-Obedi ent -
tot hef atherasshowni nhi swayher espondsandl i
stens
Ident ifi
cat i
on1mk; i
llustration1mk=t otal(2mks)
Illustrationwi thouti dent i
fi
cat i
on=zer o
 h.Hediedherethoughourfathersdonotknowt heplace/posi
ti
on/l
ocati
onofhisgr
ave
(
2mks)
i
.Thereason/i
tisthatwhenhet oldt
hem aboutSiri
ana,theywouldnotli
sten(
2mks)
j
.Chegestoppedandsl owl
yt ur
nedtoWai y
aki
,didn’the?
Omi ssi
onorwr onguseofanyoft hecomma, smalll
ett
er‘
d’andt
he?
(Questi
onmar kattheend=scor
eszer o

7.(
a)Thechi l
dr enwer epr esent i
ngsongs
(
b)Rot ti
ngr oofneededmor et i
me
-Chi l
drenneededmor edesks, penci l
s,paper
-Manymor eschool shadt obebui lt
-Mor eteacher shadt obeempl oy ed
(c)( i)Ther ivalrybet weenWai yaki andKabony i
(i
i)-Pov ertyofl and
-Thel andhadbeent akenbyt hewhi t
eman
-Newt axeshadbeeni mposedont hepeopl e
(i
ii)Heknewt heissueswer emor ewei ghtyonWai yakithushewoul dbringhim down.
(i
v )Mal i
cious, t
actical ,
cont empt uous
(d)-Par enthesi s–Af ewpeopl eappl auded. .
.(
Kabony itoohadstirr
edsomet hi
ngintheir
hear ts)
-Rhet ori
cquest i
ons–Kabony iusesaser i
esofr hetori
cquesti
onse. g.“Didthetai
l—Li
on”?
(e)Wai yaki hadbeenseent alkingt oJoshua’ sdaught erandalsoattendingaser v
iceat
Joshua’ schur ch.
(f)(i)i l
ls–pr oblems/ diffi
culties
ri
d–r emov e/keepof ffrom
(g)Ani nter-ridgecommi t
teewasel ectedt ol ookaftertheeducati
onofal l
andt oseetothe
bui l
di ngofnewschool sint hecount ry
(h)Poi nt stoconsi der
–Wai yaki toldt hem hewast heirsonandt hem hispar ents
–Hedi dnotwantt or ead
–Theel derswer ether etogui deandl eadt hey ouththey outhtol
istenandbel edinthe
pat hsofwi sdom
–Hewant edt oser vet her i
dges
–Unl esspeopl eheededt ohiswor dsandpl ansther i
dgeswoul dlosetheirformerdigni
ty
andbel efta
distancebehi ndbyt hecount rybey ond.

8. THERI VERBETWEEN
a) -
Wai y
aki bumpedi ntoNy ambur a(1)
-shet el
lshim shehadbeenssentt oYohanas( 1)
-het el
lsherhewasgoi ngt oseeKamau( 1)
-theywal ktogether( 1)
-theypar twithNy ambur apr omisingt ovi
sithisschool.
(1)
b)Per
soni fi
cati
on- moonwasal soawake
-
herglar ewashar d
-
themoonsgl are
-heyieldstohermagi c
-
hewassur eshewasl i
steningetc
Rhet
ori
cal quest i
ons-wasl ifeall yearni
ngandnosat i
sfact
ion?
-
…..amal ignantbeastt hatwoul dnotletonerest
?
Si
mile -
holl
owi ngpur sui ngonel ikeamal ignantbeast
-
wander ingev ery wherelikeabeast .
Onomat opoeia - cri
cket sshrill
ing
Awar dany2wel l i
llustrat
edf eatur
es
1mar kid
1mar kil
lustrati
on 2x2=4
 Noi dentif
icat
ionnomar k
c)
i)
Forthepeopl e,hehadnowf ormanyseasonsbeentryi
ngtodrai
nhimsel
fdry
( 1)
ii
)Didn’
tthey ?
(1)
i
i
i)Thequi etthr
oboft heri
verwhi
chcomf or
tedhi
m echoedi
nhishear
t(1)
d)Whent heywher eyoung,KamauandKi nuthi
atookthei
rher
dsgrazi
ngtogether(1a)
af
ter
whi cht heywentt oSi riana( 1b)andl atert aughtatMar i
oshoni together (1c)( 24wor ds)
(Mustbei npr osei fnotdeduct50%f r
om t ot al mar ks)
-mustbegr ammat icallycor rect ,ifnotdeductagl immer( ¼)f rom eachsent ence
-mustnotbemor et hat25wor ds
e)Gai nt heWhi teman’ sknowl edget ohel phi st ribebeatt heWhi t eman( 1)
-
educat ethey oungonesi nhi st ribet heway soft heWhi teman( 1)
-
hel pi nmai ntainingt hepur i
tyoft het ribe (Any21=2mar ks)
f)-
Themoonwasawake( 1)
-Smal lbushesandt reesbr eat hed( 1)
-
Cr icket swer eshr il
li
ng( 1)
-Rivert hr obbedqui etly( Any2x1=2mar ks)
g)loy al-al mostwor shipedWai yaki
Car i
ngconcer ned- war nsWai yaki aboutKabony i’
shat red
-i
nf ormsWai yaki aboutKamau’ sint ent i
on
-f
ear sforWai yaki ’slife
Expectanyt wot raitsofKi nui tha
1mar ki d
1mar ki l
lustration 2x2=4
(Nomar ksf orillust rationwi t houti dent i
ficat ion)
h)Wai yaki year nedf orf reedom( 1)
-He needed t o hav e a chance t o associ ate wi th whomev erhe wi shed ( Ny ambura
i
ncluded) (
1)
(i
fcandi datesi mpl ysay s‘ freedom awar d1mar kandf ullmar ksf oronewhogoesahead
to
ment ionNy ambur a
9. a)
 Wai yaki hasi nvitedpar ent st ohisschool tosel lhisv i
sionaboutt heschool .
 Hemanagest oconv incet hem ( par ent s)t oi nv estmor ei nt heschool .
 Chi l
dr enhav epr esent edsongsal lemphasi ngt hei mpor tanceofeducat ion.
 Par ent sappr eciat edt hel ear ningoft hei rchi ldrenandv owst oeducat ethem.
 Wai yaki giveshi smai denspeecht ouchi ngont her oofingneedi ngr epair,chil
dren
needi ngdesks, penci lsandpaper s.
 Heemphasi zedt hatmor eschool shadt obebui ltandmor et eacher sempl oy
ed.
 Howev er ,Kabony i r
ubbi shesal ltheseandi nst eadheemphasi zest hatt heonl y
opt i
oni st odr i
v eawayt heWhi t
emanf rom t hehi l
ls.
Anyf ourr elev antpoi nts, 1mar keacht otal(
4
mar ks)
b) Kabony icallshi m a“ yout h”meani nghei sy oungandi nexper i
encehencecannot
l
eadt hepeopl e.
-Her ef ersWai yaki asanupst art/agoodf ornot hingfellow/aboywi thr athersil
l
y
i
deas.
Heunder mi neshi m ast hepeopl es’ expect edMessi ah.
(Anyoner efer enceandmeani ng, 1mar keacht ot
al
(2mar ks)
c) I dentifyandi l
lust ratet hemai nt hemeev i
denti nt hisexcer pt.
-Hat red/ ri
valry-Kabony ihat esWai yaki becausehei stheonl yonewhoknowst he
secr et
of t hebr i
be.Hechal lengesKabony i’
sl eader shi p.“Donotbel edbyay oung
man. ”
(Ident i
fi
cat i
on, 1mar k, expl anat ion/ il
lust rat i
on1mar kt otal (2mar ks).
 d)
 ThatWai yaki hasj oi
ned/ beenseen/ v i
sitedJoshua’ schur ch
 Thathehasbeent osir i
anaundert hepr etextofget ti
ngmor et eachers,thatinstead
hegoest osel l t
het r
ibet ot heWhi teman.
 ThatWai yaki i
ntendst omar r
y/hadbeenseenwi thNy ambur asev eraltimes.
 ThatWai yaki i
suncl ean/i mpur eaftert ouchi ngt hebodyofadeadwoman( Mut honi
’s)
andhenceheneedscl eansi ng.
 Thati fhecont i
nuedt eachi ngt hepeopl e, therewoul dbedar knessi nsteadofl ight.
(Any4poi nt s,1mar keacht otal (4mar ks).
e)
 Schemi ng- hehadl ef
tt heJoshuaaf fairanddeci dedt otalkaboutot heri ssuest hen
comet oitlaterasal astbl ow.
 Wi se-heknowshi sli
mi t
s.
-
heknewhi saudi enceandchosehi sr egisterwel l.
-usesl ocal i
mager y-tailvs.head; cabv s.lion.
 Or ator ical-mov est hecr owdwi thhisspeech.“ Hechal lengedt hepeopl e,appeal i
ngt o
theirpr ide,tot heirmanhoodandt hei rloy alt
yt ot hesoi l
.
 Commandi ng-“ donotbel edbyay out h”
(Anyonet raitidentified1mar k;ani l
lustr
ationonemar ktotal(2
mar ks)
f) -Peoplewer egoi ngt obebur denedwi thmor ebui ldings.
g) -Kabony i hasbeenpr eachi ngagai nstthet ri
be( hewasJoshua’ sassistant)y ethewant s
toenf orce
thepur ityoft het ri
beandshamel esslydecl areWai yakiimpure.
-Kabony i wast hev eryfirstconv ertwi t
hJoshuat ot hewhi t
eman.Hehadbacksl i
dand
for
med
the Ki ama.Hewant edt obeal eader .
h)
 Pov er tyoft hel and.
 Dr ought -whichl eftmanypeopl ewi thnot hingt oeat .
 Mi ser abl ehar vest.
 Landt akenawaybyt hewhi teman.
 Newt axes. (
Any4poi nts1mar keach.Tot al(
4mks)
i
) Fr om yourknowl edgeoft het ext, whoi sNgany ir
a?
 Wasagr eatwar r
ior.
 Hel edt het r
ibe.
 Hewast empt edbyawoman.
 Hebet ray edt hetribesecr etst otheenemy .
 Thecur seoft hepeopl edest royedhi m. ( Any3poi nts1mar k.Total (3mks)

10. SEENTEXT: THERI VERBETWEEN

a)KamauandKi nuthiahav ebeenengagedi naf i
ghtast heygrazetheircows
Aftertheexpert,wel earnt hatWai yakii
sthesonofChegeandt hathei saherot o
other
boysi nr
idges (
4mar ks)
b)Dial
ogue-Rev ealstheconf li
ctsinthestory.Fi
rsttheani mosit
ybetweenChr i
sti
an
converts
andnon-conv erts
- Rev eal
sWai yaki’sroleasamedi at
or,hiscommandi ngnature
- Rev eal
st hepl oti.e.welear nthecauseoft hefight (
4mar ks)
- Anyt woef fectst womar kseach
c) -Thefightisrelev anttother estofthenov el
asi tislat
erseenhowant agonism
between
Makuy uandKameno, Chri
stiansandnon-Chr isti
anshasbr oughtdisunit
yinthe
ri
dges
 - Weal sol aterseeWai yaki emergingasal eaderandanadv ocat
eof
r
econci l
iation
d) Waiyaki
- Commandi ng/Aut horit
ativee.g.“St opfight i
ng” /“
Kamau, ”hebur stout
- Play sther ol eofamedi ator.Hest opst hef i
ght/Al eader
- Anyonechar acterandoner ol
e2mar kseach
e)Themes-Col onialism-Kamau’ sf atherisaconv er ttothewhi te,“
Whi t
eman’ ssl
ave”
.
- Conf l
ictbet weenconv ertsandnon-conv erts.Thef i
ghtbetweenKamauand
Kinuthiai sr epresent at
iveoft hisconf l
ict
- Anyt woi l
lust r
atedt hemes2mar kseach
f)HadKamaust ucki tout ,perhapsi tmi ghthav efeltbet t
er
g)Kamauqui vered,lookedupandmeekl yobey edt heunspokencommand.Hi sface
darkened.He
slunkaway ,humi liatedandhat inghi msel f
.Wai yaki loweredhi sheadandgazedatt he
same
spot .Hi
sfeelingoft r i
umphsubsi dedi ntooneofr egret

11 a)Wai y aki 1Hef eel sast rongdesi retot alktosomebodybouthi syearning2

(3mks)
b)Per soni fication.Themooni sper sonifiedinthest at ement :“hewant edhercoldbreat
h
nearhi m” Mooni susedt oemphasi zet hegapbet weenwai yakiandNy ambura1
I
mager y( Simi le)“ Wasonet ol i
v east r
angehol l
ownesspur suingonel i
keamalignant
beast?”
Thisimageunder scor esWai yaki ’
slonelinessandf eel ingofal i
enation1
Ident ifi
cationandi ll
ust r
ation( 1mk)
Comment( 1mk)
Acceptanyot herwel li
ll
ust ratedstyle (6mks)
c)Lov e1wai yaki isobsessedwi thast rangey earning, whichheper sonifi
esint
hemoon.
He
hasr eal izedt hather equiressomeonei nti
mat einor dert ofeel whole1
(2mks)
d)Wai y aki, Kinuthi aandkamau
Usedt ogoher di ngtoget her
All l
ear nedatSi nanaatt hesamet ime
Wer et eacher satMar ioshoni primar y
e)Listeni ngf orv oicesont her idges, Wai yakicouldonl yhearsi lence
(awar d‘ 0’ifcommai smi ssing
f)Wai yaki bumpsi nt oNy ambur a
Ny ambur at ellshi mt hatshehasbeensentt oseeJohanna/Wai yakili
est
oher
thathei
goi ngt oseeKamau1
Thet wowal kt oget heri nt hemoonl ightnight1
Ny ambur apr omi sest ov isitWai yaki’
sschool thef oll
owingday 1
g) i )Br eat h–br eadt h
i
i)Fl ower–f lour
i
ii)Rest–r est
h) i )Br itt
le-har dandeasi lybr eakable/f r
agile
i
i)Year ning-obsessi on/st rongdesi r
eforsomet hing
i
ii)Hey i
eldedt ohermagi c–succumbedt oherat tr
acti
on
i
v )Thehear tbl ed–f orher–hel ongedf orher /hef eltpassionf orher

12.THERIVERBETWEEN
a)Placethi
sextracti
nitsi
mmediatecontext(
4mar ks)
Before:-Waiy
aki hadbeentoSi
ri
anaandhadsucceededi ngett
ingteacher
sfort
he
school
s√1
-Ashel ayinhisbedtwodayslat
er,herememberedhisfat
her’swords
concer
ning
thepr ophecyandt heneedf orasav i
our √1
After:-Whenhewakesupf rom t hev ision/dr eam her ealizesitisst il
l tooear l
yt o
sl
eepso
hev i
si tshi smot her √1
-Hi smot heraskshi mi fi tist r uet hathei spl anni ngt omar ryNy ambur a, Joshua’ s
daught erandshewar nshi m agai nstit√i mmedi at elyKamaucomesand
i
nformshi m
thathei sr equi r
edbyt heKi ama (2mar ksbef or ex2mar ksaf ter=
4mar ks)
b)Ident if
yandcommentonuseofany2st yl
es (
6mar ks)
-Rhet or ical quest ions√1washet hesav iour√1
Use: Rev eal sWai yaki’sf ear sanddoubt sasi fitwast obehi mt obehi mt o
accompl i
sh
orf ulfillthepr ophesy √1
- For eshadowi ng√1e. g.pul li
ngNy ambur ai ntopi eces√1
- ef fect :Rev eal show l at erNy ambur aist obehandedov ert ot heKi amawhi ch
ist odeci deherf ate√1
- Sy mbol ism√1e. g.Pul lingofNy ambur at opi ecesbymanyhands√1
- Ef fect : Rev eal sthedest ruct ionofNy ambur a–manycont ribut ede. g.Joshua,
theKi ama, Wai yaki e.t .
c.√1
- Repet ition: e. g.Nextt ime√1…. .emphasi zesr egretf orWai yaki hav i
ngf ailedt o
pr eachr econci li
ation√1
- Useofdr eam/v ision√1-t hispassager ev eal sWai yaki’sint ernal conf lictand
fear .
(Any2x3=6mar ks)
c)Howchar act er scont ri
but et oWai yaki ’sdownf all
i
)KABONYI–Heschemesf orWai y aki ’
sf allwhenhemakespeopl esweari nWai yaki’s
name
tokeept het ri
bepur e, secr et l
yheknowsWai yakiisy ounganddoesn’ t
theser iousnessoft hemat ter–whenWai yaki isfoundt ogocont r
ar ytot he
oath
byt aki ngNy ambur a,hecannotescapet hewr athoft hepeopl ewhof ind
hima
traitorKabony i hat esandopposesWai yaki,hef ear sthatWai y aki coul dbe
the
sav iour , het her efor eusesal lway stopul lhi
m downorf indhi m atf aul te.g.
Kamauspi esonhi m Any2cor rect
answer s( 2x2=4)
i
i)CHEGE–I nt roducedWai yaki toSi rianami ssi onandt heneedf ort hewhi t
eman’ s
education.
- Cr eat esal otofpassi onf oreducat i
onandWai yaki forget sot heri mpor t
ant
mat tersconcer ningt het ribe–t heneedf orl iberation-Kabony i usest hisasa
weaknessf orWai yaki ’sl eader ship
- t oi nci tet hepeopl e, whenWai yaki goest ol ookf orteacher sf r om Si ri
ana,
Kabony i tellspeopl eWai yaki isat rait
or–t hiscausesmi strustf orWai yaki asa
leader √1
- Hi spassi onf oreducat ionkeepsWai yaki awayf rom t hewor ki ngoft heKi ama,
andget sr athert ool at eandbusyt obei nf ormedont hegoi ngsonapoi ntt hat
her egr ets√1
d)Summar yabout50wor ds( 4mar ks)
Likei nt hev i
si on, Wai y aki isr ej ect ed√1andl ef talone.Ny ambur ai sal sobr ought
befor et hepeopl e√1andaccusedofbet r ayi
ngt het ribeandmi sleadi ngWai yaki √
1
thepeopl ef eel gui lt
yandav oidl ooki ngatWai yaki whom t heyhav ef ailedt o
protect√1
 e)ReasonswhyWai y aki couldnotunitether i
dges(3mar ks)
- Theanci entgr udgebet weenMakay uandKameno√1
- Wai yakii
sy oungandi nexper
ienced–doesentknowf orexampl et
he
seri
ousnessofkeepi ngthetri
bepur e√1
- Opposi ti
onandhat redforKabony iwhofearsthatWai yaki couldbet he
messiah√1
- Opposi ti
onf rom Joshuawhohat eshiml i
kethedev il
/sat anfollowing
Muthoni’
sdeat h√1
- Theconf li
ctbet weent heChrist
iansandt hetradit
ionali
st√1
(Any3answer sx1=3mar ks)
f)Notonlydidhest retchhi shand, butheal sowant edtot ouchhert rembl i
ngf i
gureas
shel ed
them inthatsong√1
g)Onedaywhenhewasl yi
ngi nhisbedandhecoul dnotsleep√1, hesawahazyf i
gure
ofa
woman, whenhedeci dedt owal kouttoKamenot oseeKamau, hemetNy ambur aand
confir
medt hehazy√1f igurethathadf or medinhismi ndwasNy ambur a
h)Theme: Betrayal–cr owdf eltgui
lt
yasi thadf ail
edtopr otectWai yaki–Thet eacher√
1
Confli
ct–Wai yaki wonderifheist hatsavi
ourandf eelsgui l
tyfornotpr eaching
unity√1(Anywel li
ll
ust ratedx1)

13. ( a)Kameno–I trepr esent sAfri

cancul tureleadership( 1mk)
(b)Thewhi t
emen/ mi ssionari
es/col onizers ( 2mks)
(c)-Hewasr ejectedbyt hepeopl eoft her i
dges (1mk)
-Theygav ehim nocl ot hes ( 1mk)
-Theygav ehim nof ood (
1mk)
(d)Het oldhimt hatt heywer ehi soffspr i
ngandhi sbloodf l
owsi nhi
sv ei
ns (2mks)
(e)Hewasst ruckbyt heknowl edget hathehadi nhimt hebloodoft hefamousseer
(2mks)
(f)Secondbi rt
h (2mks)
-Colonial
ism –whi t emanhascomeandf ixedhimsel finSir
iana ( 1mk)
-Independencest ruggl e–y oucoul dnotspeart hem unt i
lyoulearnandknowtheirways
(1mk)
(anyt wopl uspr oper l
yidentif
iedtheme)
(h)Ont opofahi ll( 1mk)underagi antMugumot r
ee( 1mk)
(i)HejoinedChr i
st iani ty ( 2mks)
(j)Education(1mk)andChr ist
ianity(1mk)
(k)Circumcision( 1mk)manhood/ change/i nit
iati
onintocul t
ure(1mk)
N/B:Nopenal tyf orfaul
tyexpr essionexcepti ngr ammarquest i
on)

14. RI VERBETWEEN
a) Wher easothershadroundt hatchedhousesJoshua’ swasr ectangulart i
nroofed
house.
(2mks)
b) Hef earedrevengeofthehillsandtheangerofhi sfri
ends. ( 2mks)
c) Bet rayal–Joshuabet r
ay sthetri
bechange.
Reli
gion–whi t
emanr eli
gionembr acedbyJoshua.
Education–Mi ssionschoolsatSiriana.( 4mks)
d) Rhet oricquesti
on–Hadhenotgi vent hewhi temanpower ?
Bibl
icalAll
usion–Behol dav ir
ginshal lbearasonandhi snamewi ll
beI mmanuel.
Cont r
ast–Joshua’ shousev sothers.
Metaphor–Muddywat erthatthepeopl ewer ewalkinginwithoutr eali
zing.(
4mks)
e) Rebel li
oninJoshua’shouse. ;
-Hedoesnotl iv
easperChr i
stianprinciplesi.
e.
heisunf orgivi
ng.(4mks)
f) Peopl egobackt odri
nkinganddanci ngt r
ibaldances.(2mks)
g) Behol dav ir
ginconceivedandbor eason.( 1mk)
h) Si ri
anawasst i
l
lthenearestmissi
onarycent
re:abigpl
acewi
thhospi
tal
sanda
f
lour
ishingschool
takingboysandgir
lsfr
om allovert
hecountry.(1mk)
i
) Li
vingst
onepaidavisi
ttothehil
lsoccasi
onall
y.(1mk)
Charismatic– Hepr
eachedi
nasharpvoi
ce
Determined Appr
opr
iat
eil
l
ustr
ati
ons.
Optimisti
c

15. (
a)-Wai yaki ’
sf at herhadj ustdi ed( 1mk)
-Wai yaki embar ksonsel f-helpineducat ion( 1mk)
-Wai yaki issodet ermi nedt oprov ideeducat iont hatheear nsadmi rationfrom the
vil
lager s
(b)Ci r
cumci sion (2mks)
(c)Peopl eoft her i
dgesbel ievedt hatwhenonedi ed, onet ur nedi nt oaspi r
it
(2mks)
(d)Thel astpar agraphconcent ratesonshadows( 1mk) .Thisi sapr emoni t
ion,i
nt hati
t
si
gni fiest heunf or t
unat ef atethatf i
nal lybef allshimi nt hehandsoft heKiama,
towar ds
theendoft henov el ( 1mk)wher ehei sdecl ar edat raitor
(1mk)
(e)Peopl e’ slandwasal i
enat edbyt hecol oni al
ists.Sucht raditional bel i
efsli
ke
circumci sioni s
shunnedbyt hewhi t
eman1b.Thev i
l
lager sar ef orcedt opayt axest orunthe
gov ernmentpost
1ceducat ioni sal soi ntroduced 1d
(4mks)
N/ B: -Maxi mum numberofwor ds45
-Putt wopar al l
elli
nes( /
/)af terthe45thwor d
-Mustbei npur ef orm.I fnot ,deduct50%f r
om t hetot al score
-Af fi
xagl i
mmer( N)oncei nasent encef orf aultyexpr essions
(f)Theconf l
ictbr oughti st hathewasexpect edt ol earnt heway soft hewhi temanwhi l
e
att hesamet imenott ofollowhi sv ices
(3mks) .
(g)Educat ion( 2mks)Hey earnedt opr ovideeducat iont ot hechi l
dr enoft hevil
l
age( 1mk)
N/ B-I dent ification (2mks)
(3mks
-Illust rat i
on ( 1mk)
-Nomar kf ori l
lustrat i
onwi thoutident if
ication
(h)‘Yett hehopesanddesi reskeptonhaunt inghi m, di
dn’ tthey ?
-Noquest i
onmar k( 0)
-Commami ssi ng( ½mk)
(i
)Nost al gic( 1mk) .Thought scameandf l
oodedhi shear t ( 1mk)
N/ B: -I dent i
fication (1mk)
-Ill
ust ration ( 1mk)
-Nomar kfori l
lustrationwi thouti dent ifi
cat i
on( 2mks)
(j
)Year nings–t odesi reforsomet hing
Strov e-st ruggl e

16. a) i )
-Dr.Stockmannpreparestodeliv
eraspeechattacki
ngt hemay or1
-Noonei sreadytohavehim, haveahal
lforthemeetinguntilCaptai
nHorst
erof
fer
shi
m
one1
-PeterStockmanninformsthepubli
cthattheproposalsaboutthecondi
ti
onsofthe
munici
pal
bathsareallaf
alsehood1
-TheDoct ornowgiveshisscathi
ngatt
ackonbot hthemaj orandthecompact
maj ori
ty1 ( 4mks)
b)Thecompactmaj orityar et heor dinar yci t
izensuponwhom t hosei nposi ti
onexpl oit
(2mks)
c)–Thepeopl e’smessengerhasamor al responsi bil
it
yofobj ectivelyi nformi ngt he
public
onwhati sgoi ngonar oundt hem 1mk
-Thepaper ,
howev er, hasbeenmani pul atedbyt heli
kesofPet erSt ockmant oser ve
their
ownsel fi
shi nt erest s1mk
-Inst eadofi nfor mi ngt hem t her eforeoft her ealstateoftheMuni cipal bat hs,it
swor ker
li
keAsl aksenmi sinf ormst hemassesunt iltheyform afalseopi ni ont hat
Dr.Stockmanni s
anenemyoft hepeopl e1mk ( 3mks)
d) i )Vul nerabi lityoft hecompactmaj or i
ty1
Thei gnor anceoft hemassesi sexpor tedbyt hegreedyl eader stoensur et hey
protect
theirweal thandposi ti
on/t hatt hecompactmaj ori
tyhav et hemonopol yofl i
beral
pri
nci plesandmor alit
y1
ii
)Ther ol eoft hepr ess1
Itiswi tnessedher et hatt hepr ess; thepeopl e’smessengeri st her et omi sleadt he
masses/
italmostseemsasi fDr .Stockmann’ si ntenti
onwer et oruint het own1
(4mks)
Ident ifi
cat ion1mk
Ill
ust ration1mk
e)Thi sr eferst oasoci etywher epeopl ear enotf urni
shedwi tht het ruth1.Themasses
l
iveona
falsehoodt hatt heirl eader sr eal lymi ndaboutt hei
rwel f
are1.Thesoci etyneedst o
getr i
dof
gr eedyl eader si nt hei rmi dst ,justl i
keahouseneedst obeswept
(3mks)
f) i)Amanhadt obeapubl icenemywhowi shedtoruint hewhol ecommuni ty
ii
), doesn’ tit? Nocomma½mk
Noquest ionmar k0 ( 2mks)
g) i )Consci ent ious/pat ri
ot i
c1–Hel oveshi scountryandsay st hati tisbet terfor
the
whol ecount ryt obedest roy edt hanf orittoli
veinlies1
ii
)Ideal istic–Her ejectst heexi st ingst ructureandsuggest st hesoci etyshoul d
changef or
t
hebet ter1
Ident ification–1mk
Ill
ust rat i
on–1mk ( 4mks)
h)Consci ence–onest hinkingcapaci ty
Decei t–t ri
ck/f alsehood
Depr av i
ty–pr ev ent edf r
om usi ng/t akenawayf rom ( 3mks)
a)-Ithasbeenr ainingheav ily1
-Wai yaki andhi st wocol leagues, Ki nut i
aandKamauar ei nt heof fi
ce; Wai yaki atthe
doorwhi let het woi nside.Ki nuthiai sar guingwi t
hKamauov ert heal ienationoft he
landbyt hewhi teman1
-Thest rai
nedr elat ionshi pbet weenWai yaki andKamaui swi tnessedaswear etoldt hat
Wai y
akidi dnothav et hesamewar mt hf orKamauashehadf orKi nut hia1
(3mks)
b)MugowaKi bir owasoneoft hegr eatseer soft het r
ibe1.Hehadwar nedt het ribe
against
thecomi ngoft hewhi teman1
(2mks)
c)Heisi mpat ient1–Hebel iev esv er ystrongl ythatt hewhi temanshoul dbedr iven
away1
1mar kfori dent i
f i
cation 1mar kf ori l
lustrati
on (2mks)
d) i )Educat ion1-Wai yaki isdet er minedt opr ovideeducat i
ont othepeopl eoft he
ri
dges/
hewant edt oconcent rat eoneducat ion1
i
i)Landal ienat i
on1-Thewhi temanhasgr abbedt henat i
vesland/t heyhav e
i
nv i
ted
thei rbr other st ocomeandt akeal lthel and1
Anyt wocor rectt hemes1mar kf orident i
f i
cation, 1mar kforill
ustr
ation
(4mks)
e) i ), Woul dn’ tit? Nocomma½mar k Noquest i
onmar k0
i
i)Thenhesuppr essest hef eelingandt hi nksoft henewdr i
veineducat ion
(2mks)
f) Chege, hi sf ather ,hadsenthi mt oSi ri
anaMi ssiont ol ear ntheway softhewhi teman
yet
hadwar nedhi m nott of oll
owhi sway s
(2mks)
g) i )Bi blical al l
usion11mk–t her ai
nmadeasmal lri
v er,whichWai yaki r
ef erstoas
“Noah’ sf l
ood. ’Wai yaki l
ooksathi msel fast hesav i
ouroft hepeopleagai nstthe
aggr essi onbyt hewhi teman1
i
i)Sy mbol ism 1mk
Ther ainwascar ry ingawayt hesoi landst ealingt heland.Thi ssy mbol i
zes
theal ienat ionoft hel andbyt hewhi teman1mk
i
ii
)Di rectspeech1mkofcour seImeany ourf at herasanexampl e, forexampl e
yousee
Thisaut hor izest hest ory1mk
Anyt wost yli
sticdev i
ces
I
dent i
fication1mar k
I
ll
ust rat i
on1mar k
Nomar kf ori l
lust rati
onwi t
houti dent if
icat i
on (4mks)
h)–Thewhi temanhasi mposedhutt axont henat iv
es1a
-Hehasi nt roducedf orcedl abour1b
-Thenat i
v eshav ebeenf orcedt ocedet heirland1c
-Hehasdeni edt heir(nat ives)chi ldr enar i
ghtt of ormal educat i
onduet ot hef actthat
thei
r
parentsar et radi ti
onal ists1d (4mar ks)
NB:-Mustbei nnot ef orm, i
fnot ,deduct½mar kfr om t hetotal
- Nopenal tyf orf aultyexpr essi ons
i
) Sun–scor ched–dr i
edup
Plague–cur se (2
marks)

SECTI
ONCANSWERS

1. COMPREHENSI ON
i
)Fable
i
i)Shethoughttor
toi
sewast
oosl
owandcoul
dnotmakei
tinr
ace
i
ii
)Itwastoohot
i
v)Shelaydownf oranap
v)-Mimicr
y
-Voi
cev ar
iat
ion
-Gest
ures
 -Faci
alexpressi
on
-Bodymov ements
-Pauses
-Costumes
v
i)Heknewhecoul dbeathar
e
v
ii
)Shegott ot hef
ini
shli
nebefor
ehar
e
v
ii
i)Respectothers

3.(a)–Hospi talbeds, crawl wi

thmaggot s
-doct orslackgl oves
-Irresponsibl
emedi al staff–oxy genr oom manonl eav
e’
-lionessofanur se( any2pts1x2=2mks)
(b)Itraisesamor alquest iononwhet hersomehumanbei ngslif
ear
emorei
mportantt
han
othersbecause ofposi tions,heldinsoci et y
.
-Itbuildssuspensei nt hepoem ( total 3mks)
(e)-Boi l
ing/met aphor–t obecomeamaj orconcer n
-mount ai
n( met aphor)-Ov erst
atedi ssue
-Lioness( met aphor)–I r
onical
lyanur sei ssupposedtobesohumany ett
hisimage
i
mpl iesshei s
warl ike(anyt wo–2mks)
(d)(i)Itdeal swi thcor rupt i
onf ormj udi cialoff
icerswhoi gnor
ethepl
i
ghtofthedown
froddenandsi dewi tht hepower fulandmoney ed.

(d)( ii
)–Li keinthesecondst anzawher et wosuf feredunderineffi
cienthospitalservi
cesso
doest hev i
cti
m sufferinef f
ici
encyi nt hecour t
- Li kei nt hesecondst anzawher eKassy a’schil
ddi edoutofst affir
responsibil
i
ty,sodoes
thej udgei r
responsiblyacqui tthechi ldabuseronunr easonabl egrounds
- Li kei nt hethir
dst anzawher et henur sesdi smisstheweakandbul lytheemaci ated,so
doest hejudgesi dewi thther apistandpuni shthe7-yearold.
(e)Oozed–bl ed/produced
emaci ated–t hi
n/verysick
transl ucent–wat ery/unheal t
hy/scal d-l
ike
(f)–What evercomest ol ightwhenonei stipsycanonl ybesaidtohav egrowni npr oporti
ons
thati thas
becomet heorderoft heday .Thest anzasuggestt hatthesehav epainful
lybecomepar tof
ourl ifeand
wenol ongerquest i
ont hem/wer i
skbei ngconsi der
edmad/ pettyforpointingoutt hese
i
nj ustices.
Scor es–t heyar einj
ustices
- t heyhav ebecomepar tofourl i
fe/ accept ed
- Wef earbeingr egardedme/ pet t
yf orpr i
ntingthem (t
otal3mks)

2. a)abeachboy √1-amanstay
ingalongt
hecoast
alregiononthebr each
onthecoast….√1(2mks)
b)Theladyiscomparedtoathi
efbecamethemanf oundhimselfi
ncarewit
houthi
s
Awareness√1andbythet
imehecamet oter
mswithl
ov e√1t
heladygoesbacktowhere
she
hascome f rom√1t husleavi
nghi
m empt yi.
e.Withoutacovert
het hi
efleavesone
wi
thout
propert
y√1( 4mks)
c)Talksabouttheaccept anceoftheladyandt heinti
macy√1thatdidnotl ast
becausetheladyhasgonebackt owher eshecamef r
om√1( 3mks)
d)Simil
e√1-
herhair….√1.cr
eateamentalpi
ctureofthelady
’sphysicalappearance
personi
fi
cat
ion√1-peepingweedswhisperi
ngcoconuttowers-
hel
psincr eat
ing√1a
 mentalpictureaboutt heintimacythathadbeendev eloped.
metaphor√1-herey esapai rofbrown-blackbeans…..createsament al
pict
ureofthe
at
tractiv
enessoft helady√1
NB/ Identif
icati
onandi l
lustr
ati
onoft hestyle1mk- signi
fi
cance1mk.3st yl
es
i
l
lust
rated
andt heirsignifi
cance3x2=6mks
e)SheisaEur opean√1asdescr i
bedi nthe3rdstanzatheappear anceofherhai
rand
eventheey es√1 ( 2mks)
f)Onewhowasnaï veandknewnotmuchaboutt het ri
cksofthewhi t
egirl
s√(1mk)
g)-
Tourism√1- l
adyi sanat ourandt hebeach
-Coastalfarming-coconut,cashew nut setc
NB/anyonewel lil
lustr
atedeconomi cact i
vi
ty(2mks)

3.
- Shehasbeenl i
kenedt oacowar dghost
- Anest l
esbi rdthatent ersanynet
- Abl ackj ack
- Apar asit
iccl i
mbi ngpl ant
b)Themeofi mmor al i
ty–t hepr ost i
tuteex posesherbodytolust
yey es.Shei nfects
diseasest othey oungandol dal i
ke.Sheseducest hebossesandt ouriststoo
c)Ofhat red:Thepoetdescr ibest hesubj ectinsuchtermsas“ abl
ackj ack, apoisonous
pest,andt hatshewal kswi thbor rowedst eps”
d)Repetition-Ther eIseehercomi ng
Simil
e–Li keabl ackjack
Comi ngl i
keanest lesbi r
d
Alli
ter
at i
on-Apoi sonouspest
-host i
le hawks
e)Thespeakerhopest oseet hepr ost i
tutechangeherway s.Healsohopest hatthe
peoplethepr ostitutepr eyedonal sochange.Hesay s“whentheimmi grati
onbi r
dsar e
backint heirnets”,orwhent heydugi tconst antl
yfedoniswashedwi thDDT” .It
expressest hemoodofhope. =hopef ul
/opti
misti
c

4. ORALLI TERATURE
1.Tri
ckst ernar rati
ve–t hecl every oungmansav eshisf at
herandemergesthehero
-Humant ales/f olkt ale 2mks
2.Char act eri
st icsofor alnarrativ es
-Openingf ormul a–t hereoncel ived……….
Fant asy–f atherli
v ingi nahol e
-Al l exceptoneki llingt heirfat her s 2mks
3.Chief-Br utal /wi cked–or der edal lfat herskill
ed
-Cunning/t r
icky–t ri
cksot her st oki l
lthei rfathers
-Wise–di scov erst heonewhohadnotki l
ledhisfather
-Schemi ng–want st heol d/el der lykil
ledsot hather emainstheonlywi
seoldman
4mks
Theyoungman–Wi se–Di dn’ tki l
lthef ather
2mks
4.Mor al l
esson–i )Weshoul dmakewi sedeci sions/independent
i
i)Weshoul dr espectt heol d 2mks
5.Liv
est ockr ear i
ng–ment ionoft hecow
2mks
6.Styl
es
-Repetition
-Fantasy
-Openingf ormul a
Ident i
ficat i
on–1mk, i
llust rati
on1mk 4mks
7.Chiefwant edal lcleverpeopl eki ll
edsot hathecaneasi l
yrulethef
oots
5. a)Iti
saboutmeet i
ng(
s)r
elat
ionshi
p(s)i
naplace/
somewher
e/t
her
eaf
ter
/af
tert
his
pl
ace/
beyond
thi
sphy sical
wor l
d√1
I
ll
ustr
ation:a….i
fIsawyouinheaven
b….bey ondthedoortherei speace √1
c….therewi l
lbenomor etearsi
nheaven

IDENTI
FICATI
ON,
1MK.’
I
LLUSTRATION,1MK
I
LLUSTRATIONWI
THOUTIDENTI
FICCATION=ZERO(
0MK)=(
2MKS)

b)i.i
ti spersonifi
cat i
on.√1
i
i.Timehasbeengi venhumanqual iti
esof√1
i
ii.
a)li
miti
ngl i
fei nthewor l
d√1
b)Superbei ng-nobodyhaspowerori t
√1 ei t
herofthetwofor1mk
IDENTI FICATI ON- 1MK
I
LLUSTRATI ON/ EXAMPLE- 1MK t ot
al(3mks)
I
LLUSTRATI ON- 1MK
c.
)a.
-bey ondthedoort herei speace√1
-
meani ngint henewwor ldther
ewill
benodi stur
bance√1
b-nomor et earsinheav en√1
-t
her ewil
lbenodeat h/therewil
lbenopain/ther
ewillbenosuf
feri
ng√1

I
DENTIFI
CATION1MKi
neachcase t
otal
(4mks)
I
LLUSTRATI
ON1MKineachcase

d.)
1.Theimpli
cati
oni
sthatt heyseem tosuggestthattheper
sonahasdoubtabout
how he
wouldbetreat
edi
nheav en√1
2.Theyseem tosuggestthatper sonami ghtbetr
eat
edt hesamewayhehasbeen
tr
eat
ed
hereonearth√1
3.Hei swonderi
ngwhethert
hingswi l
lchangeint
he unknownworl
dornot
√1
ANYTWO1MKeach=t otal(
2mks)

e.
)Heseemst
oimagi
net
hatl
i
fei
nheav
eni
ssogoodt
hatpeopl
eli
kehi
m ar
enot
wor
th
enj
oyi
ngi
t
OR
Hei maginesl i
feinheav eni ssogoodf ortheli
kesofhim
OR
Hef eel
shedoesnotdeser veit
OR
Hei sverysinful.
AnyONEoft heseTWOMARKS=Tot al(
2mks)
f
) a.hiswonder mentaboutt heirrelati
onshipinheaven
b.whet hertheirrelationshipinheav enwi l
lbesameornot
c.whethert heper sonwhohasgonewi l
lbechangedornot
d.hisst rongrelationshipt oent erheaven
e.whenheknowshedoesnotdeser v
ei t
/tobet her
einheav
en
f.hisdet erminati
ont oent erheav enevenwhenheknowshedoesnotdeser
ve
i
t/t
obet hereinheav en( Anyf our1mkeach=t otal4mks)
g.)
i.Holdmyhand- suppor tme/ hel pme/ gr
eetme
i
i.Breakt hehear t-causepai n/discourage
ii
i.Nomor et ears-nosuf feri
ng/ nopain( 3mks)
 6.( a)Theper soni sanobser v er/ traderi nthemar ket- --
-“butl etmesel lmyt omat oes”(1mk
for
i
dent i
f icat i
on1mkf ori llust rat ion)
(b)I ti saboutext rav aganceandpr omi scui tyasseeni nt hel ifeofapol i
ti
cal figur ewho
happenst o
behol di ngadoct or at edegr eeandwhol i
vesal oose/ carelessl ife.(“
--
-Iheart he
l
iterat et highs
ofanunder gr aduat e!)
(c)( i
)Rhet oricquest ion–‘ Youseet hatBenzsi tti
ngatt her ich’send’ ?’
Ef fect–i nt ensi fi
est hecont rastbet weent het wodi fferenttypesof
l
ifest yles/ env ir
onment -one sidesi mpl e/ cheap–t hemar ketsel lerand
ther ich/ effluent-r ich’send
(ii
)Per soni fi
cat i
on–Youseet hatBenzsi tting- -
-!
Effect .Intensi fiest heBenz ’shear ty/char m asobser vedbyt hesi mpl emar ketwoman.
(ii
i)Met aphor- -
-thatmot heroft wi ns’
Eff ect :Emphasi zest hebi gsi ze/stat eoft hev ehi clesi ncei thassev eral gadget s.
(iv)Si mi l
e–‘ Itsai l
sl ikeaLi yat o, Speedsl i
keaswal l
ow
Eff ect :Int ensifiest hespeedoft hev ehi cle
(v)Useofi rony–‘ Itbel ongst ot hemi nisteroff air
nesswhoy est erdaywasl oadedwi th
whi sky .
” Ef f
ect–Under mi ningt hepr esumeddi gnit
y
oft hepol itician.
(v i
)Sar casm –‘ Butl ookati tsbehi nd, t
hatmot heroft wins! ’
Ef fect–mockatt hebi gsi zeoft hev ehi cl e
(d)Mat erial istic–“ Thegl or yofi tsi nsi de- -
-e.t.c”
(i)Obser vant /Nosy–“ Youseet heBenz —”
(ii)Naï ve–‘ Thegl oryofi tsi nsi de- --
-‘
(e)( i)Ref er st oasophi sticat ed/ compl ex/expensi ve
vehi cl e–f eat her yseat s, gol dst eer i
ng, T. V,r adioe. t.
c
(ii)Thecompl icat ed/ sophi st icat ednat ureoft hev ehi clei sbey ondt heiri
magi nat ion
(iii)It’
samocker yoft henat ur e/ sizeoft hev ehiclet hatt hepol i
tical fi
guresuse
(f)Tone–sar cast ic/sat iri
cal –‘ butl ookati tsbehi ndt hatmot heroft wins’
)
Att i
tude–cont empt uous/ di srespect ful
Mal i
cious–‘ whoy est er daywasl oadedwi thdoct orat eatMaker erewi t
hwhi skyandI
don’ tknow
what- --,
(g)Smal l scal et rade/ hawki ng; 1---t hosemar ketwomen- --sellmyt omat oes,

7. POERTY
a)-death(1)
-mut il
ati
on( 1)
-fami ne/hunger( 1)
-dest r
uct ion( ofvill
agesandci ties)(1)
b)Rhet orical quest i
ons( 1)–t heout come? (
1)
-Apar tfrom t heusual thi
ngs?
Effects -provoket her eader smi ndint
ot hinki
ng( 1)
All
iterati
on( 1)-whoknowswhat( 1)
-somebodywi llhavewon
Effect- cr eatesr hythm, i
nt eresti
ng, memorabl e(1)
Not e:nomar kfori l
lustrati
onwi t
houtidenti
ficati
on.
c)Cont empt uous/ hateful( 1)-
wear ebusycol l
ecti
ngt hedead(
1)
d)i)Thereishungerf ort hef ewwhosur vi
vedt hewar .Menwhowoul
dhav
epr
ovi
dedf
or
t
hei
r
f
amil
i
esalso dead.
(2)
i
i)Homest
eadscompletel
ydest
royed(
2)
e)Goodpeopl
ewhowoul dhaver
uledwit
houtcor
rupt
ionper
ish(
1)andpeopl
efr
om bot
h
 sides
l
ose t
heirl
i
ves.(
1)
f)Sad/mel
anchol
ic(1)-
newcit
iesi
ndespai
r(1)
-
Busycol
lecti
ngthedead.

8. a)Itisanexpl anatory/aeti
ological
nar r
ative.I
texpl
ainshowt hedonkeybecame
domest i
cated andwhyt hezebr ahasst ri
pedskin. ( 1mkt ocl
assif
icati
on,1mkto
reason.Total(2mks) .
b) i )Economi cact ivi
tyisanimal keeping.Wear etol
dmenkeptt hedonkey.Another
economi cact ivi
tyi
shunt i
ng.Wear etoldaboutahunter.
i
i)Socialacti
v i
tyisholdingmeet ings.Thedonkeyheldameet i
ngt odeli
ber
ateon
thei
r
situati
on.(1mkf oreachact iv
ity.Nomar kforacti
vi
tywit
houtill
ustr
ati
on.Total
(2mks).
c) Ani malsaregi venhumanqual it
ies.Thedonkeycal l
edforameet i
ngtodeli
berate.
The
personal i
tyhel psther eadert oident i
fywitht heani mal sandt heirdi l
emmaand
situati
ons.
d) Theagendawast odi scusswhatt heycoul ddot oav oi
dbei ngcapt uredbyhuman
beings/peopl e.
(2mks)
e) Theat ti
tudeoft hedonkey stowar dstheHar eisoneofadmi r
ationandr espect.
Wear et old
thattheydeci dedt oseekadv i
cef rom Har ebecausehewascunni ngandcl ever
.
(2mks)
f) Thedonkey sst r
uggl et obepant edledt othepour ingoft hepaintandt hisother
s
couldnot
thereforebest ri
ppedandf inall
ywer ecapt uredbypeopl e.
g) Theot herf eaturesoft heor alnar rati
vesar e:
i
)Useoff ormul a;therei sopeni ngf ormula: ‘
longago…. .’
andclosi ngf ormula:and
there
endsmyst or y.
i
i)Directspeech/ dialogue- conver sati
onbet weenHar eandol ddonkey .
-Theexactwor dsoft hehunt eri
npar agraphone.
NB:Accept sanyot herv alidfeatur
e.
(
Anyt woi l
lustratedf eatures, 1mkeach.Tot al 2mks)
h) Thedonkey sar eimpat i
entanddi sorganized.Theyr ushedandcr owdedar ound
Hare
andt hatdidnotheaphi sadv ice. ( I
denti
ficationoft rait1mk,il
lustrations1mk.
Total2mks) .
i
) i
)Beastofbur den- animal susedt owor korcar ryloads.
i
i)Ill
ustration,exhibitione. t.
c.
i
ii)Toppl ed-ov er
turned. ( 1mkeach.Tot al3mks)

9. a)Theper sonainthepoem isthepoet.Hewr i

tesaboutl
oveaf f
airf
rom hisownstand
point(
1
b)Theper sonahatestheexperi
enceofbei nginlove.Hecall
sitanugraine,abri
ghtst
ain
on
t
hevision (2
c)Toneofanxi ety,
expect
ation,eager
ness
Il
lustrati
on:Laggar
d’sdawnsl i
steni
ngf oraknock,wait
ingforasign
(3
d)Metaphor :Loveisabri
ghtstainonthevisionRhetori
calquesti
ons:couldyouendur
e
suchpai n……………? (6
e)Heisinar omanti
cmood/moodofr omance
 I
ll
ustr
ation:Wait
ingforasi
gn
Foratouchofherf i
nger
s
I
nadar kenedroom (3marks)
f
)Ther
hetor
icalfeel
i
ngpain,coul
dyouendur
esuchpai
natanyhandbuthers?I
tisused
t
o
showt
hatt
hesy
mpt
omsofl
oveasshowni
nthepoem ar
eov
erbear
ingont
hel
over
s.
Thati
t
t
akespaintolove (
3mar
ks)
g) i )Mi gr
aine–chroni
cheadache
i
i)Laggarddawns–mor ningsthatdel
ayt
ocome
i
ii
)Searching–keen/cur
iouslook (
3
mar
ks)

10. a)
 Iti
sshor tandr epet it
ive
 Iti
smusi cal/hasasof trhy thm
 Songaddr essesababy
 Songcr i
esasi mpl emessage Any
4x1=4
b)Identif
yandi ll
ustratet hespeaker si nthesong
 Baby ’sf ather: “fatherwi llnursey ou”
 Thel ittlebi r
d: Thebi r
dt ellsthebaby ’
sfatherthatbaby’
smot herwentt
otheri
verat
early
dew1
c)Thepal mt reet hornswi llprickt hebaby 1
Theboughoft hebaobabt reewi llbreakandcr ushthebaby1
d)
 Lul lorsoot hebabi est osl eep1
 Ent ertainment1
 Si ngerexpr essesat titudet owar dst hebabyandt hefamil
y1
 Teachbabi esaboutf ami l
yt i
es1 4x1=4
e)
 Repet it
ion1Don’ tcr ybaby 1
 Per soni fi
cat i
on1Li tt
lebi rdhashumanspeech1
 Di rectspeechTel l me, littl
ebi rd, havey ouseenher ?
 Sol oi st–chor usf ormat
2mks
f)Singerl ov es/ador es/t hebaby .Hedoesnotwanthi sbabyt obeharmed
Ohno, no
Fort het hornswi llpri
ckmybody 2mks
g)Par ent spr acticeddi vi
sionofl abour 1whi lethemot hergoestofet
chwater
,father
looksaf terbaby1

11. a)Di r
ge/funeralsong√1
Reason: Becauseittal
ksaboutdeat handmour ni
ngasshownbyt heli
ne,‘
weshall
mour nbecauseofy ou’√1
b)–Deathhast akenv erymanypeopl eandev
enthoughtheyar
ebur iedinthesoi
lit
does
notphysical
lyshowt hati
ni ttherearesomanypeople√1asillustr
atedinthewords.
The
eart
hdoesnotgetf at√1
-Ital
sostatesthatburiedinthesoi lareal
somenandwomenofal l cal
ibers√1as
shownin
t
hepeoplel i
stedsuchaschi efs,womenchiefs,
royalwomene.t
.c.√1 (
4
marks)
 c) i
)Useofrefrai
n/chor
us√1mar k
e.g.List
enOear t
h,weshallmour
nbecauseofyou
“ “ “ di
eoneart
h?√1mar k
I
temphasizesonthedespai
rofthepeopl
eastheyconti
nuet
olosel
ovedones√1
mar
k
i
i
)Repet
it
ion√1mar k
e.
g.‘Theear
thdoesnotgetf
at’hasbeenrepeated√1mar k
I
temphasi
zesthef
actthatt
hereisnolimitt
othenumbert
hatwi
l
l
be
buri
edbecausetheeart
hdoesnotphysi
cal
l
ythati
tisf
ull√1mark
i
i
i)Per
sonif
icat
ion√
e.
g.‘
Theearthdoesnotgetfat
’√
Theeart
hisattr
ibut
edahumanqualit
yofeati
ngorswal
lowi
ngand
not
getti
ngf at
I
trevealst hedespairthepeopl
efeelatt
hehandsofdeath√
i
v)Theuseofapostrophe√i nt heconver
sat
ionli
nestoeart
h
‘
li
stenOear t
h…………………. .’
‘
li
stenOy ouwhoar easl
eep………….’
Thi
salsoexpr essesthedesper
ati
onofthesingerwhoaddr
esses
deat
has
i
fitwouldhearandr espond,
yetitcannot√
(Any2st y
les;
ident–1mar k
Il
lus–1mar k
Comment–1mar k
d)Resi
gnedat
tit
ude/atti
tudeofhopelessness/despair√2
Thi
sisseeninthefearf
ulacceptanceinthelastli
ne,‘
weshal
lal
lent
ert
heear
th’
√
1
I
dentifi
cati
on–2mar ks
I
ll
ustrati
on–1mar k
e)–Leadershi
pr ol
esar etakenbybothmenandwomen√1e. g.chief
s√1
-Bel
i
efi nt
helivi
ngdead√asweseet hesingeraddressi
ngthem asi ft
heywereal
ive:
‘
List
en
youwhoar easleep√ Anyone2mar ks
f) i)Despi
tethemanypeopl ewhohav ebeenbur i
edinitthereisnoindi
cat
ionto
showthat
theearthhasswal l
owedt hem √1mar k
ii
)Everyoneshalldieandbebur i
ed√1mar k
ii
i)Thedeadar econfinedandcannotgooutany where√1mar k

12. ( a)-Iti
saboutaman/ womanwhoi sinexi l
eawayf r
om home( 1mk).He/shei
smi ssing
var
ious
aspects ofl if
eathome( 1mk)andst ronglywishestor etur
n/gobacktohis/ her
home(1mk)
(b) –For estfir
es
-Str
eams
-Vill
agemusi c(fiddl
eandpi pe/vil
lagedance)
-Toeasehi smind
Mustbei nNot eform andi fNotawar d50%oft hetotalscoreshouldusenumericals–
1,2,
3,
..
..
..
..
.r
oman-i ,i
i,
iii
,.
....
,dots,dashese. t.
c
(c)-All
it
erati
on–wat chwi t
hwonder ( 1mk)
-Ref r
ain–Thel i
ne–“ Ishallreturn”isrepeat edatregul
arinterval
s.
Thesamel i
nequal i
fiesasRHYTHM ( awardf oranycandidatewhouses
rhy
thm)
-Rhyme–e. g.l
inet wo, l
inef our;thesenumber sareexamplesofrhy
me
 -Nomar
kfori
l
lust
rat
ionwi
thouti
dent
if
icat
ion.(
Fori
dent
if
icat
ional
onegi
ve1
mark)
(d)Nostal
gic/sent
iment
al/l
ongi
ng(anyone=2mks)
(
e)A col denv i
ronmentdevoidofsunshineri
ver
sand wi
thl
i
ttl
eti
mef
orr
elaxat
ionand
soci
alizati
on.
Thesear et
heaspectsofl
ifeheismissi
ng
(f)Sonnet (
2mks)
(g)Coupl et (
2mks)

13.POETRY
Outcast
a)Asy mpat hizer.
b)Achi l
dbor nandl aterleftbythetwoparent sbecauseofhispigmentanindi
cati
onof
i
nf i
del
it
y.(4mks)
c)Thechi l
di sanout castbecausehedoesnotknowt hefat
her.
d)–Rhy me–acci dent,consentmal e–pale, safe–ive
-Simile–Her oamst hestreetofthetownlikeawi ndsownout cast
.
e)Resentful–t heyboreachi l
dwhom t hey’
ver unawayfrom makinghim anout
castwho
roamsai mlessl y.
f)Theboyi sdesper ateandhomel essbecausehi spar
entshaverunawayf r
om hi
m.The
stanzaemphasi zesthepl i
ghtofst r
eetchi
ldren.

14. ( a)(i)Itwasnotunt iltheteacherstartedthediscussi

onthathefoundouthowint
ell
igent
Ominwas
(
ii
)I fAchomohadnotapol ogizedtheprefectwouldnothaveforgi
venhi
m.
(
Nocomma½mk)
(i
ii)ThePr i
ncipalcongratulatedthegraduandsandwi shedthem t
hebesti
nallt
hey
di
d(3mks)
(
b)(i)apology
(i
i)presumpt ions
(
ii
i)credibil
i
ty
(
iv)strenuous (
4mks)
(
c) ( i
)ownedup
(i
i)turneddown
(i
ii
)Putupwi th (
3mks)
(
d)( i
)pr ett
y,lar
ge, bl
ue, cot
ton
(i
i)handsome, short
,li
ght -
skinned,young(2mks)
(
e) ( i) t o
(
ii
) about
(i
ii
) wi th (3mks)

15. a)Thepoem i saboutachi ldwhohasal otofr espectforthef at

herasachi l
dbutashe
growsup,
hebeginsdoubt ing/despisinghisfatherespeci al
lywhenher eachesadolescence
stage2.
Whenhei sol der,howev er,hereali
zesthathi sfatherwasr i
ghtandthev i
rtueshe
advocated
f
oroughtt obef oll
owed2 (4mar ks)
b)Thetit
leissui table1mk.Whent hechildisy oung,heseeshi sfat
herasagod–a
mighty/super iorperson1mk.Thenast imegoeson, hei snolongeragodt ohi m but
a
f
ooli
sholdman1mk (3mar ks)
c)Theatti
tudekeepschangi ng
Whenhei sy oung,heador eshisfather1whenher eachesadolescencestage, he
star
tsdespi singhi m/seeinghi m asanol dfashionedf el
lowwi t
hnothingto‘offer’
1.
Whengr owsol der,heseeshi sfat
herasv irt
uousandr emember sallt
hathet ol
dhi m.
He
r
egar
dshi
m assuper
ioroncemor
e1

d) i
)Sy
mboli
sm1-‘
god’
isusedt
osymboli
zeper
fect
ion,super
ior
it
yandmight1
i
i
)Si
mil
e1-asimmutabl
easi
fbr
oughtdownfrom Si
nai/toshowthe
i
mpor
tance
andfi
nal
i
tyoft
hel
awsthathi
sfat
hergave
i
i
i)Hyper
bol
e1-Hef
ear
lessl
yli
ft
edmet oheav
en/t
hepi
ctur
eoft
hehei
ghtt
he
per
son
wasli
ft
ed1
i
v)Repet
it
ion1-‘shr
ank’1/Toshowthepersonamewedhisfather‘shri
nking’
asacontinuousprocess/st
range/-r
epeatedi
nvar
iousdegrees:strange,
st
ranger
,
st
rangest
v
)Metaphors1-mademeagodl
i
ngi
sjustonemor
eoft
hel
i
ttl
emen/who
cr
eeps
t
hroughl
i
fe/Noknee-hi gh1
Any3styli
sti
cdev i
ces
I
dent
ifi
cation1mk
I
ll
ust
rati
on1mk
Nomarkf oril
lustrati
onwi t
houti
dent
if
icat
ion (
6mar
ks)
e) i
)Parent
s–shouldtolerat
et heirchil
dren1
i
i
)Childr
en–shouldrespectt heirparent
s1 (
2
mar
ks)
f) Immut
abl
e–unablet
ochange
Out
moded–ol
dfashi
oned/nolongermoder
n

SECTI
OND–ANSWERS
1. GRAMMAR
a) i )Flung
i
i)Hung
i
ii
)Deal
t
i
v)Leapt
v)Bore
b)PASSAGE
i
) Breathe
i
i) Breathe
i
ii
) Bat he
i
v) Bat h
v) Cloth
vi
) Cl oth
c) i )For
i
i)fr
om
i
ii
)Of
i
v)to

2. (
a)(i)Iam sur eitmusthav ebeenanexci ti
ngexper i
enceforher
(i
i)Peopl ealway swantmor e;
howev er
;itdoesn’
tmat t
erhowri
cht heyar
e.
(i
ii
)Ev er
yy ear,theboyj umpedf or
m school toschool
(
b)(i)Enemi ty/confli
ct/hat
red/ ani
mosity
(i
i)reconcile
(
c)(i)“Jesusi sonhi sway !”ThePast orremar ked,j
umpingandclappi
ng.Jumpingand
cl
apping,
thepast orr emar ked,”Jesusisonhisway !
”
(
ii
)Thepr efectsai d,“
Thest udenti sabsenttoday ”/“Thestudenti
sabsenttoday
”the
pr
efectsaid.
 (
d)(
i)Lookeddownupon
(
ii
)bringup
(
ii
i)Comeof f
(
e)(
i)Truly
(
ii
)Mai ntenance
(
ii
i)Grateful
(
f)(i
)to
(i
i)to

4. GRAMMAR
a)i
)Grammer -grammar
ii
)Pr onounciati
on-pronunciati
on
ii
i)Mai ntai
nance-mai ntenance
i
v )Manouv re-maneuv er
(
Awar d½mar kf oreachcorr
ectl
yunderli
nedbutspel
twrongl
y) (4marks)
b)i)Sudanhasbeendecl aredbytheUnsecur i
tycounci
l.Asfai
l
edstat
e/Sudanhas
been
declaredaf ai
led statebyt heUNSecurit
yCouncil
.
ii
)Wi l
l you? (Noquest ionmar k0)
i
ii
)Theboyi sfooli
shenought obel
ieveever
ythi
ngItel
lhim(3marks)

c)i)Takeni
n
ii
)Callon
ii
i)Gavehim away
i
v)Handi n ( 4mar
ks)

d)i)Aggression
ii
)Endanger
i
ii
)Tumul tuous
iv)Il
l
iter
acy ( 4mar
ks)

4. a) i
)Sunk
i
i
)Maintenance
i
i
i)Mayoral
i
v)Dominati
on (
1mk@ =4mks)

b) i
)Cutdown
i
i
)Turnedhim down
i
i
i)Walkouton (
1mk@ =3mks)

c) i
)Hewi ll
comepr ovi
dedhei snotil
l
Prov
idedheisnotil
l,hewi ll
come
i
i
)Joanwhosemot herist hepresi
dentofJudocl
ub,hassev
eral
l
yfr
iendswhoar
e
ball
etdancer
s
i
i
i)“Seemet omorrow,”thepr i
nci
palsai
d
i
v)Thev i
sit
orstr
odeont hecarpetwit
hhismuddyshoes (1mk@ =4
mks)
d) a) i
)Har
ryhasar r
ivedandthespeakeri
sr ev
eali
ng
i
i
)Harr
yisinformedofthearri
valoftheelder
b) i
)Myuncl
est oppedinordert
odr i
nk
i
i
)Myuncleleftthehabi
tofdri
nking Scor
eindependent
ly1mk=
4mks

5. a) i
)Omondi
issuchaweakst
udentt
hathecanhar
dlywr
it
emeani
ngf
ul
1mk
i
i
)Acousi
nofmi
nehasgonet
otheUSA 1mk
 i
i
i)Acomposi
ti
onhasbeenbei
ngwr
it
ten(
byJane)
1mk
b) i
)Walkedoutof 1mk
i
i
)Toldmeof f 1mk
c) i
)Shallwe? 1mk
i
i
)Wi l
lyou? 1mk
d) i
)Hang
i
i
)Cost
i
i
i)Enl
arge
i
v)I
mpr i
son 4mks
5. i
)“Wherehasyourhusbandgone?
”thest
rangeraskedmymot
her
1mk
i
i
)Thechai
rper
sonsol
dthatweshal
lmeett
hef
oll
owi
ngweek
1mk
6. i
)Onasil
verpl
atter 1mk
i
i
)Fl
yoffthehandle–t
ogetangr
y
1mk

6 GRAMMAR( 15MARKS)
a)WRONGSPELLI NG=ZERO TOTAL( 3MKS)
i)Pay ees
ii
)Pr onouncement s
i
ii
)Wool en
b)i
.Succeededi npersuadinghertogo (
3MKS)
i
i.Youmustkeepsi lentintheli
braryoryoumustmai ntai
nsilenceint
hel i
brar
y
i
ii
.Ri manhasal way sbeenast aunchsupporterofthecol
legef oot
bal
lteam.
c)WRONG SPELLI NG=ZERO TOTAL( 3MKS)
i.touchdown
i
i.madeup
i
ii
.lookup
d)WRONGSPELLI NG=ZERO TOTAL( 3MKS)
i.hei slookingf oeempl oymentinNairobi
ii
.Thi sexer ci
secompr isesrigor
oust r
aini
ngint hemorni
ng
i
ii
.Somel astyear,weagr eedtoimproveourrelati
onshi
pwi t
hourneighbours

7. (
a)(i)Neitherthemot hernorthedaughtercantakecr
edi
tforit
.
(
ii
)Karendi isthepr ett
ierofthetwi
ns
(
ii
i)Thewar r
iorwho/ thatwasmut i
l
atedbyt heli
oni
srecuperat
ingf
rom t
heat
tack.
(
b)(i)Malnour i
shed
(i
i)Pronunciation
(i
ii
)Indiscipl
ined
(
c)( i
)Getal ong
(
ii
)Takeback
(
ii
i)Looksdownupon
(
d)(i)Pretty,l
argebl uecotton
(i
i)Handsome, shor t
,li
ght-
skinnedyoung
(i
ii
)Beaut if
ul,oral,mahogany
(
e)(i)Seeey etoey e
(i
i)hardnutt ocr ack
(
ii
i)Facet hemusi c

8. GRAMMMAR
a)i)
Whet hert
heboardmeetsornot,Iwil
lpr
esentmycompl
aint
.
ii
)Barelyhadsheopenedthegatewhendarknessfel
l
.
ii
i)Eit
herMar yorj
ohnhasthekeys.
b) i )Thewor kwasnotdone(byanybody
)
 i
i)Thet hi efwasar rest
ed(bythepoli
ce)
i
ii
)Rubbi shi scol l
ectedever
ydayThur sday(byt
hem)
c) i )Al onjesai d,“Iwil
lret
urnnextmonth.”
i
i)“Letusl istent ohim,”I
vanargued“hesoundsreasonabl
e.”
d) i )menaci ngl y
i
i)Ar e
i
ii
)Incompar able
e) i )Secur i
tyof ficer½
ii
)Teacherondut y½
f) i)Takesaf ter
i
i)Putupwi th Wr
ongtensenomar ks
i
ii
)Gott hrough

GRAMMAR
9. a. i )Hassannei thercompl ai
nednorr eport
edtothepolice.
i
i)Butf ormysi ster,Iwouldn’thav egonet oschool.
i
ii
)Ibadani st het argettowni nAf r
ica.(nocomma) . ( 1mkeach.Tot al3mks)
b i
)Wi thnopr ov isionf orthefuture.
i
i)Stubbor n/difficulttodeal with. (1mkeach.Total3mks)
c i)Preference
i
i)Eloquence
i
)Col l
isi
on (1mkeach.Tot al
3mks)
d i
)Passedon/ passedaway .
i
i)Letdown.
i
ii
i)Callsin. (1mkeach.Total2mks)
e) i )Thest udentknockedont hedoorcont i
nuouslyastheother
swat ched.
ii
)Thechi l
di nflat edtheballoonsomucht hati
tburst.(
1mkeach.Tot al2mks)
f) i
)for
i
i)at (1mkeach.Total2mks)

10. Grammar
a) i )Tur ned/swi t
chedon
i
i)Dropoutof
i
ii
)Makef or
b) i )Obl i
viousofAbdall
a’shav i
ngt wowives,Agnesaccept
edtomarryhi
m/
Obl
i
viousof
t
hef actthatAbdall
aal readyhadwi ves,Agnesaccept
edtomarryhi
m
i
i)Hewonder edwhyAki ny i
alway squarr
eledEdwin/HeaskedAki
nyiwhyshe
(
Akinyi)alwaysquarr
eledEdwi n/Hewant edtoknowwhyAki ny
ial
waysquarr
eled
Edwi
n
i
ii
)Howhandsomehei s
c) i )If
i
i)Howev er
i
ii
)Ther efore
d) i )Iftodaywer eSunday ,Iwouldgot ochurch
i
i)Wer et
urnedtoschool before7. 00P.M
i
ii
)Iwi shIwasaswel l preparedf orK.
C.S.Easyouwere
e) i )Me
i
i)She
i
ii
)Her

11.(
a)(i)Sit
e
(i
i)Sought
(
ii
i)Stati
oner
y
(
iv)Tall
er
 (v)has ( 5mks)
(b)( i)Thebur glarwasseenent ert hehousebyt her esi
dent s/t
hebur gl
arwasseenbyt he
resident senter
thehouse.
(ii
)Thewat erwasdr unky esterdaybyhi m/t hewat erwasdr unkbyhimy ester
day.
(ii
i)Nosoonerhadal lt het eamsar rivedt hant hecompet itionstar
ted/Nosoonerdi dall
thet eams
arr
ivet hanthecompet iti
onbegan
(iv)Notonl yaretheboy spl ayful,quickont heirfeetbutal so(butar ealso)curiousand
l
iket o
explore/Boy sarenotonl ypl ayfulandqui ckont heirfeetbutalso(butt heyarealso)
curious
andl i
ket oexplore.
(v)Thet our i
stknowsenoughKi swahi l
i t
ounder standwhatIsay .
(5mks)
(c)(i)bymeansof
(ii)inaccor dancewi t
h
(ii
i)Onaccountof ( 3mks)
(d)(i)Theone- dayoldchicksbei ngsol dbyt hehawkerwer eteni nnumber
(ii)Thehawkerwassel l
ingchi ckst hatwer et enday sol d,butwhosenumberi sunknown
(2mks)

12.GRAMMAR
a)
i. Okot hsai dthathedi dnotknowwhyshecame
i
i. Thi ssongwassungbyKi bet
i
i
i. Ihav esomemoney
i
v. ThatNanj endodidsowel li
nherexam di
dnotsur pr
iseme
ThatNanj endodidsowel li
nherexam wasnotasur pri
setome
(award‘0’ f
orconstr
ucti
onerrors)
b)
i. Pr eci
sion
i
i. Repet it
ion
i
i
i. Cl ari
ty
i
v. Occur rence
(Wrongspel l
ingawar d0)
c)
i. But
i
i. By
i
i
i. Nev ertheless/howev er
i
v. Whom
d)
i. “ TheRiverBet ween,”theteachersai
d,wasNgugi waThiongo’
sfi
rstnov
el
i
i. Tom hadonegr eatdesi r
e:tobecomeadoct or
i
i
i. “ I
t’
sapi tywehav et oliveonchari
ty,
”helamented
(Donotawar di fpunctuationmarkiswrong)

13. GRAMMAR
A i
)Nev erbefor
ehast heschool per
fomedwel l
i
i)Spendingahol i
dayatt hecoastisprefer
abletogoingov erseas
i
ii
)Mul wa,whosel egi ssti
ll
inacastafterl
astmont h’
smat ch, wi
ll
havet
owat ch
the
matchf r
om thegr andstand
(Thet wocommasar ecompulsory,
ifmissing–½mk)
i
v)Willi
am’smot hert oldhi
mt hattherwasalit
tl
ef oodleftforhimint
hekit
chen
 B i)Jai
roisbettereducat edt hanSai si
ii
)Hehast het endencyt ov isi
tpeopl eduringlat
ehours
Hehast hetendencyofv i
sit
ingpeopl elate
ii
i)Whenshecamei n,itwasal l calm butall
ofasuddent hehousebecamenoisy
C i)Call
sfor
ii
)Camet o
ii
i)Makeupf or
D i)MeansIt ookashor ttimet olistentothenews
ii
)Meanst hepr esentationoft henews
E i)On
ii
)With/to
ii
i)About
14. A. Env ir
onment al,tendency ,embar rasses,knowledgeabl
e.(4mks)
B. i)Shereali
zedwhataser iousblundershehadmade.( 1mk)
ii
)Shouldyouchangey ourmi nd, callt
hisnumber .(
1mk)
ii
i)Ei
therofthem i snotknownt ome.( 1mk)
C i)Off i
i)Amongst ii
i
)For iv)i
ntoi)st
udent
s’ii)her
oes
i
ii
)Edi
tor
s–i
n–chi ef i
v )Father-in–l aw’ s

15. ( a)( i
)Itwasnotunt il
theteacherst art
edthediscussi
ont hathefoundouthowi
ntell
i
gent
Omi nwas
(
ii
)IfAchomohadnotapol ogizedtheprefectwouldnothav ef
orgiv
enhim.
(
Nocomma½mk)
(i
ii
)ThePr inci
palcongratulatedthegraduandsandwi shedthem thebesti
nal
lthey
di
d(3mks)
(b)(i)apology
(
ii
)pr esumpt ions
(i
ii
)cr edibi
lit
y
(i
v)st renuous (4mks)
(
c) ( i)ownedup
(i
i)turneddown
(i
ii
)Putupwi t
h (3mks)
(
d)( i
)pr etty,l
arge,bl
ue,cott
on
(i
i)handsome, short,l
i
ght-
ski nned,young (
2mks)
(
e) ( i
) t o
(i
i) about
(i
ii
) wi th (3mks)

16. a) i
)Neit
herthemannort heboy sar
etoblame
i
i
)Hispayingthebil
lsurpr
isedme
i
i
i)Hiscomingtoschool l
atehasbeenaconcer
nformanypeopl
e
i
v)Thathewont heraceisnotsurpr
isi
ng (
4
mar
ks)
b) i
)Takeni n
i
i
)Handi n
i
i
i)Callon (
3mar
ks)
c) i
)Thebur denwasbor nebytheorgani
zati
on
i
i
)Thepi lotwasf l
ownbythetrai
neepil
ot
i
i
i)Thebi cycleisbei
ngri
ddenbyTom (
3mar
ks)
d) i
)Transiti
vely
i
i
)Intransit
ively
i
i
i)Transiti
vely (
3mar
ks)
e) i
)Soki nd
i
i
)Qui teskil
ful (
2mar
ks)
 SECTI
ONI
II( -ANSWERS
Pp3)

SECTI ONA-I MAGI NATI VECOMPOSI TION

1. I maginati
vecomposi t
ion
Eit
her
a) Wr it
eacomposi ti
onendingwi tht hewor ds: Theev ent
soft hepr ev i
ousdayl eftme
chal
lengedtobegi nanewl i
fe
Or
b)Wr i
teacomposi ti
onent it
led“Loveconquer sall”
Imaginati
vecomposi t
ion
Questiononeisintendedt otestthecandi datesabi li
tytocommuni cat
ei nwr it
ing
Communi cati
oni sestabl
ishedatdi fferentlevelsofintel
li
gibil
it
ycor recti
ons,
accuracy, f l
uencypleasantnessandor i
ginal
ity.Mar kerswoul ddowel ltoconsi derthef act
thatawarding marksinthispapernol ongerdependsont hesubjectmat t er
,vocabulary,
i
diomse. t.
c.butt he gener ali
mpr essi
onont hecommandofl anguage.I tistheref
oret o
determinefir
sthoweachessay communi catesandi nwhi chcategory,A,B,Cord

ERRORS:
GROSSERRORS( DOUBLEUNDERLI NING) :
a)Al mostal lerrorsofagr eement
b)Ser ioust enseer rors
c)Er rorsofel ement aryv ocabulary,spel li
nge.t
.c.
d)Punct uationer r
orswhi chcauseser iouslackofcommuni cat
ion
e)Ri diculoususeofi diomst hataf fectcommuni cati
on
f) Mi suseofcapi t
als
OTHERERRORS
a)Faul t
ypar agraphi ng
b)Repet iti
on
c)I l
legibili
ty
d)Vagueness
e)Wr ongwor dor der
f)I l
logical i
ty/cont radiction
g)Br okenEngl i
sh( BR)mar gin
MARKI NGNORMALSCRI PTS:
a)Af terunder li
ningal ler r
ors,decideont hecat egorymar kA,B, CandD
b)Deci deondegr eeofcommuni cationadher ed
c)Al locat eanumer ical markt oeachessay
PROBLEM SCRI PTS
a)Ir
relev ancy–Deductupt o04mar ksADi f:
i
)Consi stentlywr iti
ngat otallydifferentsubjectwithaclumsyattemptat
correct i
ngt heessayt othesubj ectgi v
en
ii
)Thequest i
oni sgi venaquest i
onablei nterpret
ati
on
Lengt h:Penal izet hecandi dateiftheessayi st oolong–01AD

2. a)I maginati
vecomposi ti
on
POINTSOFI NTERPRETATI ON
i. Itmustbeast oryifnotdeduct2mar ks
i
i. Itmustbeani maginativ
estoryifnotdeduct2mks
i
i
i. Theendi ngstatementmustbet her
eifnotdeduct–01AD
b)
i
. I tmustbeast oryifnotdeduct2mar ks
ii
. I tmustil
lust
ratethetitl
eifnotdeduct2mks
i
ii
. Thet it
leshouldbewr itt
enifnot2AD
MARKI
NGSYMBOLS
2 .Themaini
ndi
cat
ethedegr
eesofser
iousnessofer
ror
(
a)GROSSERROR OMMI SSION FORCONSTRUCTI
ON

(
b)MI
NOR OMI
SSI
ON MI
NORCONSTRUCTI
ONERROR

(
c)MI
NOROFPOSSI
BLEERROR

Thi
ssigninthemar
gini
susedonl
yhenaconst
ruct
ioner
roref
fect
smor
ethanonel
i
ne
Thefol
lowi
ngsymbolsmayal
sobeused:
FAULTYPARAGRPHING

REPETI
TION–( ofwords)aci
rcl
earoundthewor
d
-(
ofideas)usual
l
yinthemargin usual
l
yint
hemar
gin

I
LLEGIBI
LITY
VAGUENESS
WRONGWORDORDERunder li
neonceandwr i
teWOnmar gi
n
I
LLOGICALorCONTRADI CTORY ILL(inmar gi
n)
BROKENENGLI SH whent hecandidatefai
lstocommuni cateBRinmar gi
n
FORPURPOSESOFI DENITFICATION
COW toi
ndicatet
hatacandidatehasusedapenci lt
omakeacor recti
on
BRACKETS[]i ndicat
eapar tofaDscr i
ptthatcommuni cates
*Useanaster
isktoindi
cateanitem orsent
encet hattherubri
csindicat
eshoul
dbeused

3. (a)and(b)
mustbeastoryr
elev
anttot hegi venst atement .(I
fnotdeductupt o4mks)
CLASS MARKFOR MARKFOR QUALI TYOFESSAY
CATEGORY EACH
ESSAY
A A+ 19-
20 Excel l
entcompl etecommand
oflanguage. just1or2mi norsl ips.
hassev eralmer itst i
cksofbot hsent ence
andwor dt ype
A(pl
ain) 18 Ver ygood, attractive,nostrain.Hav e3or4sl i
ps.
readerdoesnotf eelwhollypossesseshasmer it
ti
cksf orexpr essionandwor ds
A(minus) 16-
17 Showscompet enceandf l
uencyi nusingl anguage,
hemayl acki magi nationoror igi
nalitywhi chusual l
y
Spankv ocabul ary.Idi
om,andsent encest ructur
e
l
inks
bei mpr essive.Gr osser r
orsar er are
B B+ 14-
15 Communi cateshi sideaspl easant ly
.Nost rain.afew
errorsandsl i
pst enses, spell
ingar equi tegood.
Anumberofmer i
tsticksof“ whol esent enceand
expr essiont y
pe. ”
B(pl
ain) 13 Sent encesar ev ar i
edbutr athersi mpl eand
straight
forwar d.fairrangeofv ocabul aryandi diomssome
 i
temsofmer i
tseconomyofl anguage.
B(
minus) 11-
12 Candi dat ecommuni cationsf ai
rlyandwi thsome
fl
uency .
l
ittl
ev arietyinsent encest r
ucture,grosser rorsare
foundoccasi onall
y .
C C+ 09-
10 candi dat ecommuni cat
escl earl
ybuti naf l
atand
uncer tainmannerov er
useofcl i
ché’s
C(
plai
n) 08 Candi dat ecommuni catebutnotwi t
hconsi stence
clari
ty .
Litt
lev ariet
yoror iginali
ty.BookishEngl i
sh
C(
minus) 06-
07 Candi dat ef i
ndsi tdiffi
culttocommuni catehisideas.
Manygr osser r
orsofagr eement ,spell
ing,mi suseof
preposi t
ion.
D D+(
PLUS) 04-
05 Englishi sbrokenandessayi sf ulloferrors.
ther eaderguesseswhatt hewr i
terwant stosay .
D(
plai
n) 03 Cont inuouser rors.theessayi salmosti mpossi bl
et o
foll
ow
D(
minus) 01-
02 Chaot i
c.Nomeani ngatal l
.Noor der.Candidatehas
noideaaboutwhatshoul dbedone( questionandor
wor dscopi ed)

4. Creati
vecomposi ti
on( compul sor y)
Eit
her
a)Wr i
teast oryendingwi t
ht hef ol
lowingsent ence:
“…………………. ..t
hanky oui twasonl yani ghtmare.”
a)Thecandi dat emustendi nt hephr ases“ ThankGod, i
twasonl yani ghtmare.”I
nthe
l
ast par agr aph
- Ifitappear sany wher einthecomposi ti
onot herthant hel
astpar agraph,deduct
- Thest orymustbr ingoutasi gnofr elief.I
fnott r
eatasi rr
elevantanddeduct( 2mks)
- Itmustbeanar r
ativethatr ev olvesar oundadr eam, ifnotdeduct( 2mar ks)
- Ifirrel
evantdeductupt o
- Iftool ongort ooshor tdeductupt o( 2mks)maxi mum
- Mustbecr edi
ble.Ifnotdeduct
Or
b) Writeacomposi t
iont oill
ustrat ethesay i
ng:
“Ajourneyofonet housandmi l
esbegi nswi thonest ep.”
- Itmustbeast oryill
ustratingt hepr ov erb,“
Aj ourneyofonet housandmi l
esbegins
wit
h
onest ep”.I fnotdeductupt o
- Mustbeast oryandnotaphi losophi calstat
ement .I
faphilosophicalstatement
deduct
- Musti ncl udet hesay ing(al mostt owar dstheendoft hestory).I
fnotdeductupt o

5. Imaginati
vecomposition(
compulsor
y)
Either
(a)Wr it
eacomposi t
ionendi
ng:
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
fr
om thatday
,wheneverIseehim myhear
tisf
il
ledwit
hbi
tt
erness.
or
(
b)Wr it
east oryt
oi l
l
ustr
atethepr
over
b: ‘
Oncebit
tent
wiceshy.
’

Poi
ntsofi
nterpret
ati
on
(a) –Mustbeast oryi
fnotdeduct2mar ks.
- Mustandwi ththegivensentenceifnotdeduct2mar ks.
- Ther emustbeascenar i
o/si
tuati
onofbetrayaloronewhichwouldleadt
ot he
endi
ngofthestory
,ifiti
snotthecaset r
eatasirrel
evantanddeducti
tmarks.
(b) –I tmustbeast oryi
fnotdeduct2mar ks
 - Thest
oryshoul
dil
l
ust
rat
ethegi
vensay
ing,
ifnotdeduct4mar
s.

Paper101/3isint
endedt otestt
hecandi datesabi
l
itytocommuni catei nEngl
ish.
Communi cati
onisestabli
shedatdif
ferentlevel
sofintel
li
gibi
l
ity,
fluency,pl
easantness
andori
ginali
ty.Wit
hintheconstrai
nssetbyeachquest i
on.Itisthelingui
sti
c
competenceshownbyt hecandi
datethatshouldcarrymostoft hemar ks.

Examiner
sshoul
dnothesit
atet
ouset
hef
ull
rangeofmar
ksf
oreachessay
.Iti
sthe
fi
nalt
otalmar
ksthatcount
s.

I
tisi
mpor
tanttodet
erminef
ir
sthowtheessaycommunicatesandi
nwhi
chcat
egor
y
ABCORDitfi
ts.Usethemarksbel
owtoclassi
fyeachessay:

D class -Thecandi dateeit

herdoesnotcommuni cateatal
l01-05orhi slanguageabil
ityi
sso
mi ni
mal
thattheexami nerspract
ical
lyhast oguesswhatthecandi datewant stosay
.The
candidat
e
failstof i
ttheEnglishwordsheknowsi ntomeaningf
ul sentences.Thesubjectis
glancedator
distorted.Pr acti
call
ynov al
i
dpunct uati
on.Allki
ndsofer rors.‘BrokenEngl
ish.’
D–01- 02Chaot ic.Lit
tl
emeani ngwhat soever.Questi
onorsomewor dsfrom itsi
mpl
y
copies.
D 03 Flowoft houghtalmostimpossi bl
etofoll
ow.Theer r
or sarecont i
nuous.

D+04-
05 Al
thought
heEngl
ishisoft
enbrokenandtheessayi
fful
lofer
ror
sofal
l
Ty
peswecanatleastguesswhatthecandi
datewant
stosay.

Cclass Thecandi
dat
ecommuni
cat
esunder
standabl
yonl
yorl
esscl
ear
ly.Thecandi
dat
eis
not
confi
dentwi
ththelanguage.Thesubjecti
softenundev
eloped.Ther
emaybesome
di
gressi
ons.Unnecessaryrepet
it
ionsaref
requent
.Thear r
angementi
sweekand
t
hef
low
j
erkyt
her
eisnoeconomyl
anguage.Mot
hert
onguei
nfl
uencei
sfel
t.

C-06-
07 Thecandi
dateobvi
ousl
yfi
ndsi
tdif
fi
cul
ttocommunicat
ehisideas.HeisSeri
ousl
y
hamperedbyhisv
eryli
mit
edknowl
edgeofstr
uct
ureandvocabular
y.Theresul
ts
ar
emany
gr
osser
ror
sofagr
eement
,spel
l
ing,
misuseofpr
eposi
ti
ons,
tenses,
ver
bagr
eement
and
sent
enceconst
ri
cti
on.

C 08 Thecandi datecommunicat
esbutnotwithconsist
entcl
ari
ty.Hisli
nguisti
cabi
li
ty
beingv
ery
li
mited,thecandidat
ecannotavoi
dfrequenterr
orsinsentencestr
ucture.Ther
eis
l
it
tle
var
ietyoror i
ginal
i
tyv
erybooki
shEngl i
sh.Linksareweak,i
ncorr
ect,r
epeatedat
ti
mes.

C+09 Thecandidatecommuni catesclearl

ybutinafl
atanduncert
ainmanner.Si
mple
concept
s
sentenceformsar eoftenst r
ained.Theremaybeanov er
useofcli
chés,unsui
tabl
e
i
dioms.
Proverbsaremi squotedormi sinter
pret
ed.Thefl
owisstil
lj
erky
.Therearesome
err
orsof
agreement,tenses,spell
ing.
Bclass Thiscl assischar act
eri
zedbygr eat
erfl
uencyandeaseofexpr ession.The
candidate
demonst rat
esthats/ hecanuseEngl i
shasanor malwayofexpr essing
himself/
herself
.
Sentencesar eev ensay i
ngandusual l
ywellconst
ruct
ed.Somecandi dat
esbecome
ambi t
iousandev enover-ambi
ti
ous.Ther emaybei t
emsofmer itoftheonewor d
orone
expressiontype.Manyessay sinthi
scategorymaybej ustcl
eanandunassumi ng,
butthey
stil
lshowt hatthecandi datei
sateasewi thl
anguage.Theremaybeat endencyt
o
under
mar ksuchessay s.Givecredi
ttone.

B-(
11-12) Thecandi
dat
ecommuni
cat
esf
air
lyandwi
thsomef
luency
.Ther
emaybeal
i
ttl
e
var
iet
yin
sent
encest
ruct
ure.Gr
osser
ror
sar
est
il
lfoundoccasi
onal
l
y,butt
hismustnotbe
ov
er–
puni
shedbyt
heexami
nes.

B13 Thesent
encesar
evar
iedbutr
athersi
mpl
e,st
rai
ght
for
war
d.Thecandi
dat
edoes
notst
rai
n
inaneff
orttoi
mpress.Ther
eisaf airr
angeofvocabul
aryandi
diom.Nat
ural
and
ef
for
tl
ess.Someit
emsofmer i
t,Economyoflanguage.

B+(14-
15) Thecandi
dat
ecommuni
cat
espl
easant
lyandwi
thoutst
rai
n.Ther
ear
eer
ror
sand
sl
ips.
Tensesspel
l
ingandpunct
uat
ionar
equi
tegood.Anumberofi
temsofmer
itoft
he
whol
e
sent
enceort
hewhol
eexpr
essi
ont
ype.

Acl
ass Thecandi datecommuni catesnotonlyf
luent
lybutat t
ract
ivelywithori
ginal
it
yand
eff
ici
ency.Hehast heabi li
tyt
omakeusshar et hedeepFeel i
ngs, emoti
ons,
ent
husiasms.
Heexpr esseshimselffr
eelyandwi t
houtanyvisibl
econstraint.Thescriptgi
ves
evi
dence
ofmat uri
ty
goodpl anningandoftenhumour .Manyi t
emsofmer itwhichindicat
e
thatthecandidatehascompl etecommandoft hel anguage.Ther eisno
strai
njustpleasant
ness, cl
everar
rangementfelici
tyofexpression.

A-(
16-
17) Thecandi
dat
eshowsf
luencyandcompet
encei
nusi
ngt
hel
anguage.Hemay
l
ack
i
magi
nat
ionoror
igi
nal
i
tywhi
chusual
l
ypr
ovi
de‘
spar
k’i
nsuchessay
s.
Vocabul
ary
,
i
diom,
sent
encest
ruct
ure,
li
nksv
ari
etyar
eimpr
essi
ve.Gr
osser
ror
sar
ever
yrar
e.

A 18 Posi
ti
veabi
l
ity
.Af
ewer
ror
sthatar
efel
ttobesl
i
ps.Thest
oryorar
gumenthasa
def
ini
te
i
mpact
.Nogr
ammarpr
obl
em.Var
iet
yofst
ruct
ures,
adef
ini
tespar
k.

A+(19-20) Thecandidat
ecommuni cat
esnotonlyinfor
mat i
onormeani
ng,butal
soand
especi
all
ythe
candi
dat
e’s wholesel
f,t
hefeel
i
ngs,tastes,poi
ntsofv
iewyout
hcultur
e.This
abil
i
tyto
communicatehi
sdeepselfmayexpressitselfi
nmanyways:widerangeof
eff
ecti
ve
 vocabulary,
original approach,viv
idandsust ai
nedaccounti
nthecaseofa
narr
ative,
wel
l
developedandor deredar gumenti nadebat eordi
spassi
on.Err
orsandsl
i
ps
shouldnot
depri
v ethecandi dateoft hefullmar kss/hedeserves.
MARKINGSYMBOLS
1.Themai nsignsindicatet hedegr eeofser iousnessoferr
ors.
(a)Grosserroromi ssionForconst ructioninmargi
n.
(b)Minorerroromi ssi onMi norconst r
uctionerr
or
(c)Mi nororpossi ble.

Repet
it
ionofwords–acir
clear
oundt
hewor
d(ori
dea)
.
R=usuall
yinthemargi
n.

6. IMAGI NATIVECOMPOSI TION( COMPULSORY)

a)-mustbeast ory, i
fnotdeduct4mar ks(AD)
-mustbegi nwi tht hesent encegi venifnotdeduct( 2marks)(AD)
-mustshowcont rasti .
e.whatbr oughtt hebr oadsmi l
e(j
oy)andshy ness( av oidingofey e
contact)
b)-mustber elevantt othesay ing, i
fnotdeductupt o4mar ks( AD)forirr
elev ancy .
-
mustshowasi tuationwher eoneget shur taf tercasti
ngthef i
rststone.Canuse1st, 2nd
rd
or3 per son.
Awar dmar ksf or:i
nt roduct i
on2mar ks
Languageandpr esent at
ion4mar ks
Cont ent12mar ks
Concl usion2mar ks
7. Ei ther;
…………………I fIhadknown, Iwoul dhav et houghtt wicebeforemaki ngthatst atement .
Or;
Your eapwhaty ousow.
GENERALGUI DELI NES
STEP1
Readt hecomposi ti
ont hroughandawar dani mpr essiongradeont hebasi sofi nterali
a,the
fol
lowing:
(i) Communi cativeAbi li
ty
Thecandi dateshoul dcommuni cateclear l
ydespi t
esomeer r
orsofv ocabular y,idiom and
sent enceconst ruction.Ideal l
yt hev ocabul aryshoul dbeappropr i
ateandef fect i
vewhi le
idi
omat icexpr essionsshoul dbev iv
idandr elevant.Sentenceconst ructionshoul dbe
variedi ntermsofl engt h,form andf unct i
on.
(ii
) Li nguisti
cabi l
ity
Thev eryablecandi dateshoul dst r
ikey ouasout standingbecauseof :
a.excel lentuseofl anguage
b.abi li
tytoor gani zeanddev elophi sorherwor k.

STEPII
Readthecomposit
ionasecondtimeandunder li
neallt
heerrorsortakeanyother
appr
opri
atemeasur
e.t
hisi
simpor
tantbecausei
sjusti
fi
est
heawardedi
nstepIabov
e.
ERRORSANDMARKI NGSYMBOLS

TYPESOFERRORS
Maj orerr
orsaret enseandv erbformat
ions/
spel l
ing/agr
eement
/syntax/
omission.These
errorsint
erfer
ewi ththefl
owofcommuni cat
ion
Minorer r
orsmayewher east udent‘mi
suses’ vocabular
yofastr
ucturebutthi
sdoesnot
particul
arl
y affectcommuni cati
on.Such er r
ors may be saidt o be the resultof
exper i
mentati
onand/ orcarel
essness.
Blatantirr
elev
ancyoccur swhenast udentv eersfrom thepoi
ntoft hecomposi t
ionor
 int
roducesi r
relev antmat eri
al.
Styl
ist i
cweaknessesar et y
pifiedby ,forexampl e:t heov eruseofsi mpl esent ences,t he
repet i
tionofv ocabul aryi ndicatingal i
mitedrangeort heuseofsl angi nanef for tt o
impr esst heexami nerwithhisorherknowl edgeofcur rentuse!
Cont radi ctionofi nst r
uctions( rubric)occur swhenast udentei therdoesnotwr iteenough
orwr itest oomuchasar esultoff aili
ngt ounderst andorr eadt heinstr ucti
oncar efull
y .
Minori rrelevancyoccur swhenast udentv eer
sfr om thesubj ectal thought hemai npoi nt
ofthecomposi tioni st i
l
l maintained
ACTI ON
Ifacandi date:( i)doesnotanswert hecompul soryquest i
on,awar d00r egardlessof
whet herhe/ shehasanswer st woot herquest i
onsf rot hesubsequentsect ionornot( ii
)
answer squest ion1and2f rom t hesubsequentsect i
on,mar kal landr ecor dmar ksf or
quest ion1andt hebestar kfort hesubsequentquest i
on( ii
i
)wr it
esanessayt hatbor der s
oncheat inge. g.memor i
zedapassage,t reatascaseofcheat i
ngandawar d00( iv)set s
hisownquest ionandanswer sit.Thi sisadel i
ber ateat temptt oev adequest ionssetf or
him/ herawar d00.
I
RRELVANCY
(
i) Consi st entdi storti
onofquest ion,ev asionofquest ion,wr it
ingonat otall
ydi fferent
subj ectwi th acl umsyat temptatconnect ing theessaywi tht hesubj ectgi v en,
incl usionofmemor i
zedpassagese. t.
c.
(
ii
) Thequest ioni sgivenanunaccept ableorquest ionabl einterpretati
on
(
ii
i) Essaydoesnotaddr esst hesubj ectgivenorcont ainsl ongsemi -relevantdi gressi ons
orl ackscoher ence

ACTION
Judgetheir
relevancyasei
therr
esul t
ingf
rom:
(i
) candi date’
spoorunderstandingofthesubject
(i
i
) Adel iberateatt
empttodeceive
Theexaminermar kst
heessay,givesalingui
sti
cmar kandcommentsonthenatur
eofthe
i
rrel
evancy
,thendeductupt o4mks.Howev er
,ift
heessayistot
all
yist
otal
l
yir
rel
evantt
hen
award00.

BREVITY
Candidatemaynotwr it
ether equir
edlengt hofcomposi t
ion
(i
) I fessayisl
esst han200wor dsandmor ethan175wor dsdeduct1mk(AD)
(i
i
) I fessayisl
esst han175wor ds,thendeduct2mks( AD)
(i
i
i) Wi thquestion1,i fessayi slesst han150wor dst hendeduct1mk( AD)
,butif150
wor dsormor enodeduct ionismade.
TABLEOFCATEGORI ES
D-CLASS D- 1-2
D 3
D+ 4-5
C-CLASS C- 6-7
C 8
C+ 9-10
B-CLASS B- 11- 12
B 12
B+ 14- 15
A-CLASS A- 16- 17
A 18
A+ 19- 20
CRITERIAFORAWARDI NGGRADES
Wider angeofv ocabularyandi di
om.Gr eatsent
ences.Not echni
calprobl
ems.Vi
vidand
sustainedaccount.
Af ew er r
orsbutdoesnotmart hei mpactofwr it
ing.Var i
etyofsentencewit
hgood
vocabul ar
yandidiom.Fl uent
.
 Lackst heexcel lenceoanA+ofAbutst il
lverycompet ent.
Somemaj orer r
or s(tense/agreemente. t.
c)howev er,
vocabul ar
yandsent encesst r
ucture
sti
l
lgood.
l
acksv arietyofsent encest ructur
e.Vocabul aryi
sst il
lgood.Somemaj orerrors.
Lacksa v ari
etyofsent ence struct ure.Vocabul aryl essv ari
ed.Some maj orer rors.
Howev er,st i
llafluentpi eceofwor k.
Lackf l
uencyal thoughcommuni cates.Li mitedchoi ceofv ocabulary
.Littl
ev ari
etyof
sentence.Maj orer r
ors
Communi cat esbuthasaser iousl ackoff luency.Maj orandl ackofv ari
etyinsent ence
structureandchoi ceofv ocabular
y .Poorpar agraphl i
nks
Althought hecandi datest il
lcommuni cates,he/ herhasav erylimit
edknowl edgeof
English.Ser i
ouser r
ors.Justaccept able.
Manyser iouser rors.Accountbr oken,butst i
llunder standable.Justrecognizableas
Engli
sh.
Flowoft houghtal mosti mpossi blet ofoll
ow.Ful lofseriouser r
ors
-Chaot ic, lit
tlemeani ng.

. (
a)Thestorymustendwi
ththegi
venst
atement.Ifnotdeduct
-Thest
orymustbri
ngoutt
heideaofr
egret
.Ifnotdeductupto
-Thestor
ymusti
ncl
udet
hest
atementr
efer
redt
oint
hequest
ion.Toggedt
othest
oryi
fnot
deduct
(
b)Mustbearelev
antst
ory
.Ifnotdeductupt
o4mks)
.Mustbeast
ory
.Ifnot
deductupt
o

8.
. CREATI VEWRI TING
i
)Gener all
ypaper101/ 3i sintendedtotestt hecandi dateabil
ityt
ocommuni cat
ein
wr
it
ing.
i
i)Communi cationisest abli
shedatdi ff
erentl evelsofintel
l
igibi
li
ty,
corr
ectness,accuracy,
fl
uency ,pleasantnessandor i
ginal
it
y.
i
ii)Wi t
hint heconst rai
ntssetbyeachquest ion, i
tistheli
nguisti
ccompet enceshownby
the
candidat ethatshoul dcar r
ymostoft hemar ks.
i
v )Exami nersshouldnothesi tatetouset hef ullr
angeofmar ksforeachessayi.e.01-20-
basedon
communi cationcl assesDCBA
v)Beforest arti
ngt omar k, i
tisimpor t
anttodet erminefir
sthowt heessaycommuni cates
and
classifyit-DCBorA
vi)Theessayi smar kedoutof20whosef inaltotalmar kisassessedasfollows:
-

DCLASSGENERALCHARACTERI STI CS01-05

Thecandidat eeit
herdoesnotcommuni cateatal
lorthelanguageabilit
yissominimal
thattheexami nerhastopracti
call
yguesswhatt hecandidatewantstosay .The
candidat
ef ail
stofitt
heEnglishwor dshe/sheknowsintomeani ngfulsent
ence.The
subjecti
sgl ancedatordist
orted.Practi
cal
lynovali
dpunct uat
ion.All
kindsoferror
s.
“BrokenEngl i
sh”

RANGEOFMARKS
D-01-02chaoticl
it
tlemeani
ngwhat soev er
.Questionspaperorsomewor dsfr
om i
t
si
mpl
ycopied
D03f l
owoft houghtsal
mostimpossi bletofol
low.Theerrorsareconti
nuousl
y.
D+04- 05alt
houghtheEngli
shisalway sbrokenandt heessayisful
loferr
orsofal
lty
pes,
wecanatl eastguesswhatthecandidatewantst osay.

C CLASSGENERALCHARACTERI
STI
CS06-
10
Thecandidatecommunicatesunder standablybutonlymoreorlessclear
ly.No
confi
denceinlanguageuse.Thesubj ectisoftenundevel
oped.Theremaybesome
di
gressi
ons.Unnecessaryrepet
it
ionsar efrequent.Thearr
angementisweakandthe
fl
owjerky.Therei
snoeconomyofl anguage.Mot hertongueinf
luenceisfelt
.

RANGEOFMARKS
C-06-
07thecandidatefindsitdi
ffi
culttocommunicatehis/herideas.Isseriousl
y
hamperedbyt
hev erylimitedknowledgeofstruct
ureandv ocabulary.Thi
sr esult
sin
manygrosser
rorsofagr eement.Spelli
ng,misuseofpreposit
ions,tense,verb,
agr
eementandsent enceconstruct
ion.

C08Thecandi datecommunicatebutnotwi
thconsi
stenceclar
it
y.Theli
ngui
sti
cabil
it
yis
ver
yl i
mit
ed,cannotavoi
dfr
equenterror
sinsent
encestruct
ure.Ther
eisli
tt
levar
iet
yor
ori
ginal
it
y.Verybooki
shEngl
ish.Li
nksareweak,i
ncor
rect,r
epeatedatt
imes

C+90-10Thecandi datecommunicatesclear
lybuti
naf l
atanduncer
tai
nmanner.
Simpleconcept
s;sentencefor
msareof t
enstrai
ned.Theremaybeanov er
useofcl
ichés,
unsuit
ablei
dioms.Proverbsar
emisquotedormi si
nter
pret
ed.Thefl
owissti
ll
jer
ky.
Therearesomeerrorsofagreement,
tense,spel
li
ng.

B CLASSGENERALCHARACTERI STIC 11-15

Thisclassi scharacterizedbygreaterfl
uencyandeaseofexpr ession.Thecandidate
demonst ratesthathe/ shecanuseEngl ishasanor mal wayofexpr essing
himself/hersel
f.Sent encesarevariedandusual l
ywellconstructed.Somecandi dat
es
becomeambi t
iousandev enover-ambitious.Theremaybei temsofmer i
toftheone
wordorwhol eexpr essiontype.
Manyessay sinthiscat egorymaybef ir
stcl eanandunassumi ngbuttheyst
il
l showthat
thecandi datei
sateasewi t
hlanguage.Ther emaybeat endencyt oundermarksuch
essays.Gi vecredittotone.

B-11-12 Thecandidatecommunicatesfai
rl
yandwithsomef l
uency
.Theremaybel i
tt
le
var
iet
yinsentencestr
uctur
e.Grosserror
sm arest
il
lfoundoccasi
onall
y,butt
hismust
notbeoverpunishedbytheexaminer

B13thesentencesarevari
edbutrat
hersimpleandstrai
ghtfor
ward.Thecandi
datedoes
notst
rai
nhim/hersel
finaneffor
ttoi
mpr ess.Ther
eisfai
rrangeofvocabul
aryand
i
dioms.Nat
uralandeffor
tl
ess.Someitemsofmer it
s.Economyoflanguage.

B+14-15thecandidat
ecommuni cat
esideaspleasant
lyandwithoutst
rai
n.Therear
e
er
ror
sandsli
ps.Tenses,spel
li
ngandpunctuat
ionarequitegood.anumberofitemsof
meri
tsoft
he“wholesentence”ort
he“wholeexpressi
on”type.

ACLASSGENERALCHARACTERI STICS16- 20
Thecandi datecommuni catesnotonl
yf l
uentlybutattract
ivelywithori
ginal
ityand
eff
ici
ency .Hast heabilitytomakeusshar ehis/
herdeepf eel
ings,emotions,
enthusiasms.Expr esseshi s/her
selff
reelyandwi thoutanyv isi
bleconstrai
nt.Thescr
ipt
gi
vesev i
denceofmat urity,
goodplanningandof tenhumour .Manyi t
emsofmer i
tswhich
i
ndicatest hatthecandi datehascompl etecommandoft helanguage.Ther eisnostr
ain,
j
ustpleasant ness,cleverarrangement,fel
icit
yofexpr ession.

A-16-
17
Thecandidat
eshowscompet enceandfluencyinusi
ngthel anguagemaylack
i
maginati
onorori
ginali
tywhi
chusual
lyprovidesthe“
spark”insuchessays.Vocabul
ary
,
i
dioms,sent
encestruct
ure,
li
nks,v
ari
etyareimpressi
ve,grosserrorsar
everyrar
e.
A18
 Positi
veabilit
y .Afewer rorsthatarefeltt obesl i
ps.Thest oryorargumenthasadef i
nit
e
i
mpact .Nogr ammarpr oblems.Var i
etyofst ructures.defi
nit
espar k.Manymar ginti
cks
A+19- 20
Thecandidat ecommuni catessnotonl yi nformat i
onandmeani ngbutal soandespeci al
ly
,
thecandidate’swhol eself.Feelings,t
ast es,pointsofv i
ew,youth,cultur
e.Thi sabil
i
tyto
communi cat edeepsel fmayexpr essitselfinmanyway s:wider angeofef fecti
ve
vocabular
y ,origi
nalapproach, vivi
dandsust ainedaccount sinthecaseofanar r
ati
ve,
welldevelopedandor deredar gument sint hecaseofadebat eordi scussion.Error
sand
sli
psshoul dnotder i
vet hecandi dateoft hefullmar ksdeserved.Av erydef i
nit
esparks

ERRORS/MISTAKE-(
Grossandminor
)
GROSSERRORSi nter
fer
e/di
stor
tcommuni
cat
ion/
meani
ngwhi
l
eMI
NORERRORS
onl
ysli
ghtl
ydoso.

TYPEOFGROSSERRORS
 Joiningt wodi fferentwor ds
 Separ atingonewor d
 Wr ongspel li
ngofcommonwor ds/misuseofwor
ds-el
ement
aryv
ocabul
ary
 Vagueness
 Directtransl ati
on
 Il
logicality
 Wor dor der
 Const ruction
 Capi t
alization
 Punct ualit
ymar ks-mi suse/omit
ted
 Anyer rorofagr eement
 Ser i
oust enseer r
or .
 Ridiculoususeofi diomst hataf
fectcommunicat
ion
 Mi suseofcommonpr eposi
ti
ons

TYPEOFMI NORERROR
 Omi ssi
onofacomma
 Mi sspell
ingofadi ff
icultword
 Mi norconst r
uctioner ror(doesn’tdi
stor
tmeani
ng)
 Sl i
ps
I
TEMSOFMERI T(√)
 Cor rectuseofphr asalverbs
 Say i
ngs
 Sent enceinversions
 El l
ipses
 Cor rectuseofi diomat i
cexpr ession
 Cor rectuseofv ocabul ary
MARKI NGSYMBOLS
GROSSERROR
OMI SSION
FORCONSTRUCTI ONI NMARGI N
MINORERROR
MINOROMI SSION
MINORCONSTRUCTI ONERROR
MINORORPOSSI BLEERROR
FAULTYPARAGRAPHI NGREPI TITION-(OFWORD)
-
OFIDEAS
I
LLEGI BI
LITY
VAGUENESS
 WRONGWORDORDERunder l
i
neonceadwri
teW.Ointhemar
gin
ILLOGI
CALorCONTRADI
CTORY-I
LL(i
nmargin)
BROKENENGLSHwhenthecandi
dat
efai
lst
ocommunicat
e–BRinmargi
n

FORPURPOSEOFI DENTIFICATI ONUSE:

 COW (candidateownwr iti
ng)toindi
catethatacandidatehasusedapencil
tomakea
corr
ection
 BRACKETS[]i ndicatethatapatof‘D’ scri
ptthatcommunicates
 UseanASTERI CK( *)t
oi ndicat
ethatani t
em orasentencethatther
ubri
csi
ndicat
e
shouldbeused
 Toindicateani t
em ofmer i
tsuseatick(√)eit
heraboveawor dorinthemargi
nfor
thewhol esentence.

MARKI
NGNORMALSCRI
PTS

 Readt hroughf i
rsttogetaf eel
 Decideont hedegr eeofcommuni cati
on-A-D
 Afterunder l
iningdecideont hemar kcategory
 Allocateanumer i
calmar k
PROBLEMSSCRI PTS
A)IRRELEVANCY
 Consi stentdi storti
onofquest ions,evasi
onofquest i
ons,wr i
tingonat ot
all
ydi
ff
erent
subject
 Thequest ioni sgi v
enanunaccept ableorquestionableinterpretat
ion
 Essay scont ainlong,semi -
relev antdigr
essionsorl ackcoher ence
ACTION
 Mar kt heessayandgi veal i
ngui sti
cmar kandcommentont henat ur
eofthe
i
r r
elevancy .
 Deductupt o4mar ks
CONTRAVENTI ONOFRUBRI C
 I fthecandi dat eanswer sbot hQ1aand( bonly,mar kthefirst
 I fanessayi stooshor t(
lesst han150wor ds)deductupt o2mks
 Buti ftoolong( mor ethan450wor ds)deductupt o2mks
 I fnot eform used, deductupt o2mar ks
 I ftheopeni ng/closingsentencenotused, deductupt o2mks
*advicecandi dat et ogenerall
yav oidvulgari
tyandpr aiseofvice.

KENYANENGLI SH
Panga,rungu, shamba,murram,matat
u,wananchi,ugal
i
,madar
asa,harambee,
matoke,
maendel eoya
wanawake,sal
aam,aya,
askar
i,
debe,
duka,
nyay
o,boma,sukumawiki
,
manyatt
a,goiatpar
ty
magendo,safar
i.

AMERICANSPELLING
AcceptAmer
icanspel
l
ingpr
ovi
dedi
tisconsi
stent
lyusedi
nacer
tai
nwor
d.

POINTOFI NTERPRETATI ON
a)Mustbeast ory.i
fnotdeductupt o4mar ks
Thestor
ymusti ll
ustr
atethesay i
ngi.e.howdoingsomet hingingoodtime/ear
lyenough
cul
minatesinsuccess.Al
ternativ
ely,
howl atenessresult
sintoadisast
erorfai
ler
.Eit
her
way,t
hestorymustnat ur
allyleadtooremanat efrom thesaying.
Ifmer
elyaphilosophi
caldiscussion,
t r
eatasirr
elevantanddeduct4mar ksAD

b)Mustbeast
ory
.Ifnotdeductupt
o4mar
ksAD
 Mustbeginwiththegivensentence.I
fnotdeduct2msrksAD
Candidat
emustpr esentasit
uationofcel
ebrati
on/v
ict
ory/happi
ness.Whatiscel
ebr
ated
mustbeI dent i
fi
ed.Toalargeextent,
itmustbeasituationofsuccessandnotf
ail
ure.
Treatasi
rrel
evantifhecel
ebrati
onisexcluded,t
hendeductupt o4marksAD.

9. Either
(
a)Wr i
teacomposi tionendi ngwi t
ht hef oll
owi ngwor ds: .
..
..
itwast hewor stmi st
akeIhave
evermade.
or
(b)Writ
eacomposi t
iont oi l
lust r
atethesay i
ng:“ Hurryhurryhasnobl essings”.
POINTSOFI NTERPRETATI ON
a)
 Mustbeast ory
.Ifnot ,
deduct4mar ksAD.
 Thest or ymustendwi t
ht hegi venstat ement .Ifnot,deductupt o2mar ksAD.Ifitmer
ely
taggedon, treatasi rrelevantanddeductupt o4mar ksAD.TL/ CE
 Acandi datemustpr esentt hesituati
onhe/ shef indshimsel f
/herselfas
embar rassi ng/t
er ri
bleoradi ffi
cultsituati
on.I tmustbecr edibl
e.
 Thesi tuat i
onpr esent edneednotbesol ved
 Thesi tuat i
oncoul dbeasar esultofchoi ce, i
nfluenceorf ateandwhat everitwas,i
tmust
comeoutcl earl
y .
b)
 Mustbest ory.i
fnot , deduct4mar ksAD
 Ifmer elyitisaphi l
osophi caldi
scussi on,treatasi rr
elevantanddeductupt o4mar ksAD
 Thest or ymusti ll
ust ratet hesay i
ngi.e.howbei ngi nhurrycanwor kagai nstones
expect ationorhi nderaper sonfrom at tai
ningasetgoal .Thismi ghtbeduet o
overl
ooki ngsmal l detailswhi chfrom t hebasi ccomponentoft hewhol eplan
 Storymustshowhowbei ngi nahur ryiscount erpr oducti
v e.
 Thei nstantbr oughtoutmustbecr edible

10. Either
a)Wr i
teastoryendi ng
Ireali
zedthatIwoul dnev erhav easecondchancei nl i
fe
Or
b)Wr i
teastorytoillustratet hefol
lowingsay i
ng
“Atort
oisemaybesl owbuthesel dom f alls”
a) -I
tmustbeast oryifnot4AD
- Mustpr esentacr edibl
escenar i
osuggestedbyandl eadi
ngtoendingwiththe
gi
venstatement
- Thenar ratorsl essonshoul dbepr esent
edv i
vidl
yift
hisisnotapparent
,tr
eatas
i
rr
elevant
- Candidat emusti nv ol
vehimsel f
b) -I
tmustbeast ory
- Mustwr iteast or
yt hatil
lustratesthatonedoesnotneedt ohurryandfi
nall
y
thi
ngsgowr ong
- Thel engt hshoul dnotexceed1½pages.I fitgoesbeyond,deduct1mark
11. Eit
her
a)Wr i
teastorybegi nningwi th
“I
tlookedquiteeasyatf irst
……………………. ”
Or
b)Wr i
teastorytoillustratet heproverb; Toomanycooksspoi lthebroth
POINTSOFI NTERPRETATI ON
a) -Mustbeast ory.Ifnotdeduct4mar ksAD
-Mustbeginwi ththegi vensent ence.Ifnotdeduct2mar ksAD

b) -Mustpr
esentacr
edi
blest
oryl
eadi
ngt
othepr
over
b.I
fitdoesnoti
l
lust
rat
ethe
 pr
overb,
treati
t asirrel
evantanddeduct4mar ksAD.
- I
fmerel
yphil
osophical
treatasir
rel
evantanddeduct4marksAD

12. Ei t
her
a)Wr it
east oryt hati ll
ust r
at et hesay i
ng: -abi r
di nhandi swortht woi
nthebush
Theprov erb
- Thecandi dat emustgi veasui tablest orytoil
lustr
atetheproverb
- Ifnotr el evantdeduct4mar ksf r
om t hescor e
- At itl
eoughtt obegi vent othest oryasr equir
edi nallcomposit
ions.Deduct1
mar ki ft i
tlei smi ssi ng
- Deduct2mar ksf rom t hescor e.Iflanguagei sbad
- Giv e1mar kf ori nt roduct i
onand1mar kforconclusion
Or
b) Wr i
teacomposi ti
onbegi nni ngwi ththesent ence: -
fr
om t heoutsetonecouldseethata
l
ot
wasawai t
ingus.
- Mustbeacomposi ti
oni nfor m ofanessay
- Musthav eat itl
e
- Mustbegi nwi tht hegi venwor ds–i fnotdeduct2mar ks
- Musti ntegr at est hest oryifnotdeduct1mar k
- Penal izef orer ror soft ense, spel l
ing,subjectv er
b,agreement.Deductupto2
mar ks
- Ifnotr elev antdeduct2mar ks
NB.CategoryA16–20mar ks
- Pleasantandef for tl
ess
- Useofl i
terar ydev icesappl y
- Nat ural andcapt ivat i
ngl anguage
- Appeal st ot hesenses-l anguagev ari
ety
- Involving
- Mat urity
- Ver yfewer ror s,seenassl i
ps
- Adef i
ni tespar k
CategoryB13- 15mar ks
- Pleasantl anguage
- Thel anguagenotasgoodasi nAcat egory
- Somei temsofmer i
t
- Somegr ammat i
cer r
orsbutnotv er ymany
- At t
ract i
v e
CategoryC08–12mar ks
- Flatlanguage
- Thecandi dat est rai nst ocommuni cate
- Sent encest ruct ur esar eli
mit ed
- Char act erizedbyr epet iti
on
- Thef l
owi sj er ky
- Mi suseofexpr essi ons
CategoryD01–07mar ks
- Chaot ic
- Notunder st andabl e/conf using
- Flowoft houghtal mosti mpossi blet ofoll
ow
- Irr
elev ant
- Jumbl edup

13. Imaginat
ivecomposi ti
on
(a)Poi
ntsofi
nterpretat
ion
-Mustbeastory.Ifnotdeduct4mks
Mustbegi
nwi tht hegivensentence.I
fnotdeduct2mks.
Candi
dat
esmustpr
esenta
 credi
blescenario
emanatingf r
om thesentencegi
v en.
Candidatesshouldclear
lynarr
atet heev
entsl
eadingtoJane’si nabi
li
tyt
ostanduponher
ownt he
f
oll
owingmor ni
ng.
-Thenar r
ationmi ghtl
ookbackonaphy si
cali
njury/
dif
fi
cult
y/hardshiporstat
eofmi ndt
hat
render
ed
Janeunabl etostandbyhersel
f.
I
fthisdoesnotbecomeappar entinthenar r
ati
on/descr
ipti
on,t r
eatasi r
rel
evantand
deductupt o4mks.

A19-
20 - Veryf luent , efficientandef fect i
ve
- Hasadef i
ni tespar k
- Effor t
less
- -Manyi temsofmer i
t
A18 - Effor t
less
A-16-
17 - Communi cat eswi thal otofor igi
nal i
ty
- Wel lpl anned
- Awi der angeofv ocabul ary
- Showswi der angeandmat ur i
ty
- Goodst yle
- Manyi temsofmer i
t
- Noer ror s, onl ysl i
ps
B+-14–15 - Quitef luent
B– -13-
14 - Usev ocabul ar yandexpr essi onswel l
B--11-12 - Goodpl anni ng
- Mat ur ityofi deas
- Hasaf airrangeofsent encev ar i
ations
- Goodv arietyofpunct uat i
onmar ks
- Hassev eral itemsofmer it
- Veryf ewser i
ouser ror s
C+-09–10 - Candi dat ecommuni cat esbutwi thsomedi f
fi
culti
es
C–08 - Repet i
t ivegr ammat i
cal er rors
C–06-07 - Poorpl anni ng
- Simpl ei deas
- Hasmanyser iouser r ors
- Persi st encemi suseofv ocabul arytense,spell
ingerrors,
misused pr eposi t
ion,r idiculous i dioms,many gr oss
err
or s
- Gener al l
yi mmat ureanddi gr essive
- Spel l
ingof tenphonet i
c
- Persi st encemot hert onguei nterference
- Usey ourdi scr eti
ont odet ermi net herange
D+-04–05 - Chaot ic
D–3 - Manygr osser rorsofspel l
ing, tenses, punct
uations
D--01-02 - Har dlyanymeani ngful expr ession
- Noar rangement
- Thest or ydoesnotf low
- Thesubj ecti sdi storted
- BrokenEngl ish
- Impossi blet of ol
lowt hef l
owofi deas

14. Composit
ionWri
ti
ng/
Imaginati
ve
(a)and(
b)mustbeastor
yr el
evantt
othegi
venst
atement
.Ifnotdeduct(
4mar
ks)
CLASS MARKFOR MARKFOR QUALI
TYOFESSAY
CATEGORY EACHESSAY
 A A+ 19-
20 Excel l
entcompl etecommandofl anguagej ust
oneor2mi norsl ips.Hassev eralmeritt i
cksof
bothsent enceandwor dtype
A(
plai
n) 18 Verygood, at t
ract ive,nost rai n
Hav e3or4sl ips.Readerdoesnotf eel whol ly
possessed.Hasmer i
tti
cksf orexpr essionand
wor ds
A(
Minus) 16-
17 Showscompet enceandf l
uencyi nusing
l
anguage.Hemayl ackimagi nat i
onoror i
gi nali
ty
whichusual lypr ov i
desspar kv ocabular y,idiom
andsent encest ruct ure,Li
nksbei mpr essiv e.
Grosser ror sar er are
B B+ 14-
15 Communi cateshi sorheri deaspl easant l
yand
withoutst rain.Ther ear eer ror sandsl i
ps.
Tenses, spel li
ngandpunct uat i
onar equi te
good.Anumberofmer i
tticksof
“thewhol esent ence”ort he“ wholeexpr essi on”
ty
pe
B(
Plai
n) 13 Sent encesar ev ariedbutr at hersi mpleand
str
ai ghtforwar d.Fai rrangeofv ocabul aryand
i
dioms.Somei temsofmer it.Economyof
l
anguage
B(
Minus) 11-
12 Candi datecommuni catesf airlyandwi thsome
fl
uency .Littlev arietyinsent encest ruct ure.
Grosser ror sar ef oundoccassi onal
ly
C C+ 09-
10 Candi datecommuni catescl ear lybutinaf lat
(06- anduncer tainmanner .Overuseofcl i
chés
10)
C(
Plai
n) 08 Candidat ecommuni catesbutnotwi t
h
consi
st entcl ari
ty
Li
ttl
ev arietyoror i
ginali
ty
BookishEngl ish
C(
Minus) 06-
07 Candidat efindsi tdiffi
culttocommuni catehis
i
deas.
Manygr osser r
orsofagr eement ,spelling,
misuseofpr eposi ti
ons.
Engli
shi sof tenbr okenandessayi sf ullofall
D+ 04-
05 sort
sofer rors.Ther eadercanguesswhatt he
wri
terwant st osay
D(
plai
n) 03 Conti
nuouser rors
Theessayi sal mosti mpossi blet
of ollow
D(
Minus) 01-
02 Chaotic.Nomeani ngatal l
.
Noor der .Candi datehasnoi deaaboutwhat
shouldbedone( questionpapercopi ed)

15. Quest i
on1( a)and( b)
I
tisimportanttodeterminefir
sthoweachessaycommuni catesandinwhichcategor
y
A,B,CorDi tfit
s
(Themarksi ndi
catedbelowareforquesti
onone)
DCLASS: Thecandi dateei
therdoesnotcommuni cat
eatall
orhislanguageabi
li
tyisso
mini
mal
D-01–02: Chasti
c,li
tt
lemeaningwhatsoever
D–03: Fl
owoft houghtalmostimpossi
bletofol
low
D+04–05: Engli
shof t
enbroke,wecanatleastgiveswhatthecandi
datewantstosay
CCLASS
 C-06–07: Thecandi dat ef i
ndsi tdifficulttocommuni cat ehis/heri deas
C–08: Thecandi datecommuni catesbutnotwi t
hconsi st entclarity
C+09–10: Thecandi dat ecommuni cat esbuti naf l
atanduncer tainmanner .Ther eare
some errorsofagr eement ,t
ensesandspel ling
BCLASS:
B-11–12: Thecandi datecommuni cat esf air
lyandwi t
hsomef luency .Grosserrorsare
sti
l
lfound
occasionally,butthismustnotbeov erpuni shedbyt heexami ner
B–13: Thesent encesar ev ar iedbutr athersi mpl easst raightf orwar d.Thereisaf air
rangeofv ocabul aryandi dioms.Somei temsofwor k,economyofl anguage
B+-14–15: Thecandi dat ecommuni cat eshi sideaspl easant lywi thoutstrai
ns.Ther e
areerrorsandsl i
pst enses, spel l
ingandpunct uationar equi tegood.Anumberofi tems
ofmeani ngoft he
“wholesent enceort hewhol eexpr essiont ype
ACLASS
A--16–17: Thecandi dat eshowscompet enceandf l
uencyi nusi ngt helanguage.He
maylack
i
magi nationoror iginat ingwhi chusual l
ypr ov i
det he“ spark”i nsuchessay s.Gr oss
err
ors ar everyrar e
A–18: Posi ti
veabili
ty.Af ewer rorst hatbef elttobesl ips.Hasdef i
nitespark.Many
mar gi
nt i
cks
A+-19–20: Thecandi dat ecommuni catesnotonl yi nformat i
onandmeani ngbutal so
andespeci allythecandi dat es:
Whol eself:His/herf eeling, tastes, poi ntsofv iew, yout h,andcul ture.Thisabili
tyto
communi cateisdeepsel fmayexpr essi t
selfinmanyway s, wider angeofef fecti
ve
vocabulary,or i
ginalapproachv i
vidandsust ainedaccounti nthecaseofnar r
ative.Av er
y
defi
nitespar k

16. 1(a)and( b)
Iti
si mportantt odet er mi nef ir
sthoweachessaycommuni catesandi nwhichcategory
A,B, CorDi tfi
ts
(Themar ksi ndicat edbel owar ef orquest i
onone)
DCLASS: Thecandi dat eeitherdoesnotcommuni cateatal lorhi sl
anguageabi l
i
tyisso
mi
nimal
D-01–02: Chast ic,li
t tl
emeani ngwhat soev er
D–03: Flowoft houghtal mosti mpossi blet of ol l
ow
D+04–05: Engl ishof tenbr oke,wecanatl eastgi veswhatt hecandi datewantstosay
CCLASS
C-06–07: Thecandi datef i
ndsi tdiffi
culttocommuni catehi s/heri deas
C–08: Thecandi dat ecommuni catesbutnotwi thconsi stentcl arit
y
C+09–10: Thecandi datecommuni catesbuti naf latanduncer tai
nmanner .Thereare
someer r
orsofagr eement ,tensesandspel ling
BCLASS:
B-11–12: Thecandi datecommuni catesf airlyandwi thsomef luency.Grosserr
orsare
sti
llfoundoccasi onal ly,butt hismustnotbeov erpuni shedbyt heexami ner
B–13: Thesent encesar ev ari
edbutr athersi mpl easst rai
ghtf orward.Thereisafair
rangeofv ocabul ar yandi dioms.Somei temsofwor k, economyofl anguage
B+-14–15: Thecandi datecommuni cateshi si deaspl easant l
ywi t
houtstrai
ns.There
areer r
orsandsl i
pst enses, spel l
ingandpunct uat ionar equi tegood.Anumberofi t
ems
ofmeani ngoft he“ whol esent enceort hewhol eexpr essi ont ype
ACLASS
A--16–17: Thecandi dat eshowscompet enceandf luencyi nusi ngthelanguage.He
mayl ackimagi nat ionoror iginatingwhichusual lypr ov idet he“ spark”insuchessay s.
Grosser r
orsar ev eryr are
A–18: Posi ti
veabi l
i
ty .Af ewer r
orsthatbef eltt obesl ips.Hasdef ini
tespark.Many
mar ginti
cks
 A+-19–20: Thecandi datecommuni cat
esnotonlyinf
ormat i
onandmeani ngbutal so
andespeci
all
yt hecandi dat
es:
Wholeself
:His/herf eeli
ng,tast
es,point
sofv i
ew,y
outh,andculture.Thi
sabili
tyto
communicateisdeepsel fmayexpressitsel
finmanyway s,widerangeofeffecti
ve
vocabul
ary
,original
appr oachv i
vi
dandsust ai
nedaccountinthecaseofnar r
ative.Avery
defi
nit
espark

SECTIONB-ANSWERS
1. COMPULSORYSETTEXT: AnEnemyoft hepeople
Intr
oducti
on:
Dr.ThomasSt ockmanf i
rmlydef
endshisdiscov
erythatthemunici
palbathsare
poisoned/contaminat
edposingahealt
hr i
sktothetown.Renovati
onneedst obedone
andt hecondui
tpipesrel
ayed.Whentheauthori
ti
esattempttoi
nf l
uence/changehi
s
stand,hestr
onglydecl
ines

Body
- Hewasappoi ntedast hemedi calof fi
cerofbat hst hroughhi selderbr other( themay or)
influencesoast okeephi m oncheck/si lencehi m.Buthi scriti
cal naturedoesnot
sil
encehi m.Heopenl ycondemnst her oti nt hemuni cipal baths
- Pet erSt ockmann’ sat temptt ochange/r ev engehi sr epor tfal
lsondeafear s.Hei sready
todef endt hisrepor t
- Themay orthreat enshi mt hathi sjobr estsont heact i
onhet akes.Hest ates
cat egor icallythathewoul dr atherlosei tthanpeddl efal sehood
- I fhel oseshi sjob, hiswi feandchi ldrenwi llsuf ferfinanci all
y.Hiswi fepl eadswi t
hhimt o
mi ndt hewel fareofhi schi l
dr enespeci ally,EjlifandMor tenbuthewontbul ge
- Mor tenki l
l,hisfat her -in-lawt hreatenst odi sinher itKat her i
neandt hechi l
dr enshouldDr .
Stockmanst i
ckt ot hef actt hatt hepol luti
onatt hebat hsi smai nlyf r
om hi s( Mor tenKil
l)
tanner yatmol l
edal .,Howev er, Dr,Stockmanst andshi sgr ound.
- Hor st adandBi ll
ingscr aftast orythatDr .St ockmannhascol ludedwi thhi sf ather-i
n-l
aw
tocr iticizet hebat hsandi nt urnbuycheapshar esf r
om t henowunpopul arbat hs.To
clearhi sname, theynowwantt obail them outoft heirpaper sf i
nanci al crisisandi n
retur nt heywoul dal lowhi m somespacet ocl earhi sname.hef lushest hem outofhi s
house
Ev enaf terbei ngbr anded“ AnEnemyoft hepeopl e”hechoosest osoldieron.Hehopes
tostarta
school forur chinst oemanci pat ethem f rom t hei rpredi cament
Noamountofhumi li
ationwoul dintimi dat ehi m.Hel oseshi sjob, hisdaught eris
summar i
ly
dismi ssed, hishousedest roy edandhi schi ldrenexpel ledf rom school i
nanat t
emptt o
makehi m
sur render .Hedoesnoty ield
CONCLUSI ON
Despi teat tempt st ochangehi sposi tion, her emai nsassol i
dasar ockaf t
erhi sdiscover
y
that“t
he
strongestmani nt hewor l
di shewhost andsal one”
Expect4wel lil
l
ust ratedpoi nts
3:3:3: 3=
Introduct ion–2
Body–
Grammar+pr esent ation–
Concl usi on–
Tot al =

2.‘
Corruptl
eader
suseanymeansatt
hei
rdi
sposal
toachi
evet
hei
rsel
fi
shends.
’Di
scusst
he
above
 st
atementwi
thcl
oser
efer
encet
o“AnEnemyoft
hepeopl
e”byHenr
ickI
bsen (
20mks)

POI
NTSOFI NERPRETATI ON
(a)Mustbeast orythatil
lustr
atestheproverb
(b)Shoul
dnotbephi losophical.I
fphil
osophical
deductupt
o4mks
-Gener
all
yshoul dbeinpastt ense
(c)Mustbast oryendingwi t
ht heinputst
atement
(d)–Mustbecr ediblyinf
usedi fnotdeduct4mks

I
ntroduction
- Expl aincor r uption,giveanexampl et ietothet ext
body
PeterStockmann
- Mani pulating/ i
nfluencethepr essnott opr i
ntt hear ti
cleont hestat
eoft hebat hs
- Mani pulates/ incitesthecrowdt oheckl eatt heDr .andal sot ostonehim andhi sproper
ty
- Mani pulatesschemesf orsuspensi onofPet raf orm schoolandal sothecapt ainHorst
er
fr
om hi sj ob
- Mani pulates/ blackmai lCatherineSt ockmannt oi nfluenceDr .
- Int i
mi datesDr .Stockmannwi thdi smi ssal
Journali
sts
- Theysacr ifi
cet ruthtoachiev et hei rindiv
idual truth(journalists)
- -t heybr ainwasht hemasses( compactmaj ority)togai nf avourandpr ot
ectwhatt hey
hav etheir( earnings)
- -Abet ti
ng/ colludinginthecr i
mehopi ngtobenef i
tfrom Dr .purpott
edbenef i
ts
Mor t
enki l
l
- Hebl ackmai l
sDrSt ockmanni nor dertor emi ndhi scl aim oft her otint hebath-to
i
mpr ovet hev alueofshar e,
- Nepot ism –Suppor t
stheson- in-lawbl i
ndingi nhopeofgai ningunfairadvantage
Conclusion
- Reapandaposi ti
v eonthewayf orwar doutoft hesituati
on

3. DRAMA( COMPULSORY)
Henri
kIbsen“
Anenemyofthepeople”
Writ
eacompositi
ononthei
roni
cinstancesi
nHenr
ikI
bsen’
s“Anenemyoft
hepeopl
e”

I
ntroducti
on:
I
ronyist heamusi
ngorst
rangeaspectofasi
tuat
ionthati
sver
ydi
ff
erentf
rom what
y
ouexpect ,
t
hatisy oureal
l
ymeantheopposit
eofwhaty ouaresayi
ng

Content
Ironi
cinstancein‘AnEnemyofthePeople’are:
Themay orishidden inthe pr
inti
ng r
oom byAsl aksen andHor st
adwhent heDoct
or
comesi nDrSt ockmann doesnotknowt hi
sy etther eader
sar eaware.I
tisonl
ywhen
heseest hemay or’
shatandwal ki
ngst
ickthatthedoctorreal
izesthatthe mayori
sin
thebuil
ding-thi
sisironi
c.

Dr.stockmanent rust
s his art
icl
estothepeopl
emessengerandis convi
ncedt
hatit
would be publishedthenextday ,Asl
akseni
st o per
sonal
it
y super
visei
ts pr
int
ing
,word forwor d.Thel at
eront urnagai
nstdoct
orstockmanandr ef
usetohavet he
art
icl
espri
nted.Thisisir
onic.

Theti
tl
eofthebookisi
ronic.Dr.st
ockmanwhoint
ent
st osav
et he compactmaj
ori
ty
orthemassesfr
om i
gnorance,povert
yandugl
ycondi
ti
onofli
fe,
fal
sehoodanddeceit
,
i
sbranded‘
apubli
cenemy’whowi shestor
uint
hewholecommunity
.
 Thegr eatsplendid,muchpr aisedBat hshav elostmuchmoney .Ont hecontraryithas
beendi scover
edt heyar e….
(awhite,poli
shed sepul cher”thegreat
estpossibl
edangert o
thepubl i
chealth.Alltheaffl
uenceupatmol l
edal,allthatskimmingf i
l
thisinfl
ict
ingthe
wat eri
nt heconduit-pi
pesleadingtother eservoirandt hesamef i
lthoozestot heshore
zoo.Toconf i
rmt hi
s,theDoct orsayshei nvestigatedt hemat t
ercareful
l
yandcasesof
i
llnessamongt hevisit
orssuchast y
phoidandgast ricfeverhavebeenwi t
nessed.

Conclusion:
I
ronyi
susedt hroughoutt
heplay
(Any4poi nt
swelli
ll
ust
rat
ed)
3:3:
3:3=12mks
Lingui
sti
cmar k(4mks)
10-12.
1 -4mks
7-9 - 3mks
4-6 -2mk
1-3.
1.1-1mk

4. Drama(compulsor
y)
“Man’
snatureisbasical
l
ycontr
oll
edbyhi smater
ial
i
sti
cnatur
e.“Wri
teacomposi
tion
drawi
ngyourexamplesfr
om Pet
erStockmannandAsl
aksent
ojust
if
ythi
sst
atement
.

RELEVANTI NTRODUCTI ON
-Mustdef i
nemat eri
ali
sm orechot
hequest
ion
Body
- PeterSt ockman
- Heiscor r
upt
- Heisar r
ogant
- Heissel fish
- Heismal ici
ous
- Heisaschemer
Aslaken
- Indecisive/cowardly
- Selfi
sh
- Mani pulative
- Exploitativ
e
- Cor r
upt
Relevantconcl
usi on
-Recupt hecontent
Languageandpr esent ati
on

5. Henri
ckIbsen,Anenemyofthepeopl
e
Writ
eacomposi t
iontoshowtheconsequencesofst
andi
ngupfort
hetr
uthi
na
conser
vati
ve
soci
ety. Drawyouril
l
ustr
ati
onsfor
m HenrickI
bsen’
s‘AnEnemyoft
hePeopl
e’

Thechall
engest hataref acedbyt hosewhost andupf ort
ruthinaconser v
at i
vesoci
ety.
(i
)Theyf acereject
ionf r
om friende.gPeterSt ockmani sagainsthisownbr other
,
Houst ad,Bil
li
ngandAsl aksenShi f
tt heirloy
altytothemaj or.
(i
i
)Theyar ebet ray
edbyev encloseassoci ation.Thear ti
clebyDrSt ockmani snot
publ
i
shed,
(i
i
i)Thereisblackmai l–Mor tenKiili
nvestsi ntheBathsusi ngKat herineandt he
hi
ldr
en’s
savi
ngst omaket heDrchangehi scampai gnagai nsttheBat hs.Pet erStockmant o
makeapubl i
capol ogysoast osavehisjob.Whent hedoct orrefusestoapol ogi
se,he
issacked.
 (i
v)Propagandacampaign/smearcampaignagai
nstthem e.
gDrStockmanislabel
led
onEnemy
ofthepeopleandhisrepor
tissaidtobei
maginat
ions:Themajorexaggeratest
he
costandeventheeffect
sofDrst ockman’
srepor
t.

(
v)Theyar edeniedfreedom ofassociat
ion.DrSt ockmani sdeniedaccesstothepubl
ic
Hall
t o
addr
esst hepeople.Whenhef inall
yt al
kstothepubl i
c,hi
saddressisclosel
y
monitoredandhei snotall
owedt or eadhisarti
cle.Thosewhoar eclosetothe
Doctorlosethei
rjobsi.
ehisdaught erPeter,captai
nHor st
erandhissonsar e
di
smi ssedfrom school
.Thedoct ori sevi
ctedfrom thehouse.
(
iv)Insecurity
.DrSt ockman’shouseispel tedwithstonesandt hewindowpanesbroken.
Just
beforethespeechbyt hedoct
or,Captai
nHorst
ersit
sDoct orSt
ockmann’ sfamily
cl
oset othedoorf orfearoftheirsecur
ity
.DrStocknann’
schildrenaredismissed
fr
om school af
tertheyf i
ghtwit
hothersandalsoforfearoftheirsecuri
ty.Dr
Stockmannisdi smissedf r
om employmentandalsoPeterhis daughter
.

Marki
ngi nstr
ucti
ons.
- Int
roduction2mar ks
- 4well i
l
lustrat
edpoints12mar
ks
- Language–4mar ks
- Conclusion–2mar ks.

6. (a)Theplaybook
Cont ext uali ntro-The soci etyi n Henr i
ck Ibsen’ s pl ay isf aced wi th my nad
probl emssuchasgr eed,abuseofpower ,betrayal,hy pocrisy,corruptionj ustto
ment i
onaf ew.
Thesepr obl emsi mpactnegat i
velyont hesoci et yasdescr i
bedbel ow.
N/ BConsi deranyot herr elevantgener alorcent rali
zedi ntroduct i
on
i
.Themay or’
sdomi neeringchar acterwher ehewant st obet hecent reof
attention.
-Itbl indshi mt ot hegoodot herscando,f orexampl e,hisbr otherDr .St ockmann
whogenui nelywant stosol veapr obl em
-Het ellshi mt osubor dinat ehimsel ft otheaut hor i
ti
es.
. (b) Nr .Stockmann’ senor mouspr i
dei ssat i
ri
zed.
-Hedoesnotl istent othemay or-hedoesnotwantt owi t
hdrawhi sr eport.
-Quar relswi tht hemay or,-hedoesnotwantt owi t
hdr awhi sr eport
.
-Decl ar edanenemyoft hepeopl e.
. (
c)May or’scor ruptnat urel eadshi mt of ailtoseet heobv iouspr oblem oft het own’s
Bat
hs
-Want saf aker epor tr eleasedandcosmet icchangesmadet oanobv iousl
y
pol l
uted
wat ersuppl yandt hecont ami natedBat hs.
(d) Thet ownhasacor ruptpr ess
-Theyar eal sohi ghl yunr eliable
-Donotpubl ishagenui ner eportbutsubst itut
ei twitht hemay or’
sf akeone.
-Pr oceedonaschemeofmi sinformat ion
(e) -Agul liblecitizenshi p
-Bel i
ev ewhatl eader stellthem wi thoutquest i
oni ngthem
-Ar el i
kel ytobeused/ mi susedasi thappeneddur i
ngDr .Stockmann’ smeet ing.
-Vot e/ decl arethedoct orasenemy
-St one/ pel thishousewi thst ones.
(f) Nepot ism
Pet erSt ockmannsecur eshi sbr otheraj obwi tht heBat hscommi tteei nor derto
cont ainhi m.Hencedoesnotal l
ow hi sbr othert ocor recthi m.Het ellshi m,‘You
 hav enor ightt oindiv
idual opi
nion.
-Thisfuel scor r
uptioninthesoci ety .
(
g) Betray al andhy pocri
sy
-Thepr essmenpl edget heirsuppor tforDr.St ockmannear l
ier.Latertheyt urn
againsthi m
hencef rustratehim andhi sef forttoimprovethebat hs.
-Themay orknowsv er
ywel lt
hepr oblemshaunt i
ngt heBat hsbuthedoesnot
wantt o
takeanyact i
onbecauseofhi ssel fi
shinterests/he’sprotectinghisj oband
polit
ical car eer.
(consi deranyr elevantt hemat icv i
ew; ( i
ntroduct
ion 02mks-l anguage
04mks)cont ent12mksi .e.3x4pt s)conclusion2mks.
Concl usion-Theabov esoci etyi sunlikel
ytor ealizeanypr osper i
tybecauset he
l
eader swhoar esupposed t oshowgoodexampl esar eattheey eofthest orm.
Wor sest il
ltheci ti
zensarev ulnerable andar eeasi l
ymani pulatedbypol i
ti
cians.

7. HENRI XIBSEN, ANENEMYOFTHEPEOPLE

INTRODUCTI ON-2MARKS
Corrupt i
oni nvolv
esusi ngonespower /positi
on/authori
tyi
nadishonest/
il
legalwayin
ordert ogetanadv antageforoneself
.Inmanysoci eti
es,t
hosewhowi el
dpowerat
vari
ousl ev elsnotori
ouslyperpel
vatethisvice.I
tbecomesparandpar celofsocietywhen
i
tisi nsti
tutionali
zedast hegeneralpublicbri
det ohaveservi
cedone.Dealingwit
h
corruptioni str
ickyast heoff
ici
alswoul duseall t
hemeans/ t
ri
ckseventhreatsto
maint ai
nt hest at
us–quo.

Agener alint roduct i

onappr oachdef iningcor r
upt i
onandhowi tfightsback
Corruptioni sev identinthepl ay ,
”anenemyft hepeopl e.“ PeterSt ockmann, whoi st he
may or,abuseshi sauthoritytof r
ust ratet hef i
ndingsofDr .Stockmann.Thedoct orwho
i
ntendst ocl eant herotint hesoci ety .
”endsupsuckedupbyt hev i
ceandi slabeled”an
enemyoft hepeopl e“attheendoft hepl ay .Thef orcesofcor r
upt i
onl edbyt hemay or
aretoopower f
ul f
orhim hence, hehast othrowi nt het owel hav i
ngbeenr ejectedbyt he
people.
Acont extual izedintroductoryappr oach.Thei nt r
oduct i
onmustcapt ure...
howcor rupti
on
fi
ghtsback, ifnot ,award1mar k.
ACCEPTEI THEROFTHETWOANDANYRELEVANTONE
CONTENT
C(i)DrSt ockmann’ sexper i
encev s.themay or’sreact i
on.
 DrSt ockman, themedi cal offi
ceroft hebat hhasst atei nhi srepor tthatthepubl i
c
uti
li
tyiscont ami natedandhence, aheal t
hhazar dtot het ownr esi
dent s.Hesuggest s
thatthewhol epipingsy stem shoul dber e-done.
 Themay orwoul dnotlistent ot hisashear guedt hatr eplacementoft hecondui tpipes
i
st ooexpensi ve.Ther esident scoul dt hereforebet axedheav ilytomeett hecost .
o Hewant stocompr omi seDrSt ockmanbyt elli
nghi mt okeepqui etandpubl icl
y
denyt hereport.P38
C(
ii
)roleofpr ess
 DrSt ockmanhadgi vent hepr essacopyofhi srepor tforpubl icati
onsoast o
sensiti
zet hepubl icoft heheal thhazar d.
 Howev ert hemay oruseshi sinf luencet omani pulatebi l
li
ng, Hov stadandAsl aksen
andso, theyr efuset opubl isht her epor ti
nt he“ people’smessenger ”
 I nreturn, themay orsownv ersionoft hebat hispubl i
shedi nt hepr ess-this
contradi ctsthedoct or’sf i
ndingsp65” thisinformat i
onwi l
l besuf fi
cientf orthe
guidanceoft hepubl i
c, i
fitappear s.itisanof fi
cialstatement .MayIt roubleyou? ”

C(
ii
i)Mortei
nkiil
sbl
ackmail
.
Mortei
nKi i
l
,DrSt
ockmanf at
herinl
aw,whohadsecr
etl
ykeptmoneyfori
nheri
tanceby
Mrs.Stockmannandthei
rchil
drendeci
det
ouseiti
nbuyingshar
esfr
om thebaths.Thi
s
 hedoesaf terDrStockmanf i
ndings.
Hisint
entionistoinfl
uenceDrSt ockmantochangehi
sdeci
siononthecontaminat
ionof
thebaths.Testtheinheri
tanceduet oMrs.St
ockmannbenegati
vel
yaff
ected.

Ci
v)ignorance/mani pul
ati
onoft hetownr esi
dents
 Themay orusesisposit
iontoinfl
uencet hetownresi
denttom di
smissDrStockmann
report
.Thepeopl earegull
ibl
eandf al
l i
ntohistr
apthecompactmaj ori
ti
esareswayedto
turnagainstDrStockmann.
 Whenhecal lsapubli
cmeet i
ngoexpl ai
nt hetr
uthofthecontaminat
edbaths,he’
sbored
andtaunt ed.Fi
nal
ly,hei
srejectedandlabeled“anenemyft hepeopl
e”

C(v)f r
ustrat
ionofDrSt ockmannandf amily/
sabot age
 Asar esultofDrSt ockmannr ef
usal t
obecor rupt edbythemayorandMortei
nKii
l,t
he
citi
zenareincitedagai nsthi
m ashi shouseswi ndowsar ebrokenp87
“ Let ’
sgoandbr eakhiswi ndow!Duckhi mi nthef jord!
”
 Al lwindowpanesofhi shousear ebroken,hi
sdeskl i
tter
edwithbooksandpaper
s.The
room isindisorder
 Hi schildr
en, Mortei
nandEj l
ifaresuspendedf rom school.
 Hi sdaughter,Petra,ateacher,isdismissedfrom dev i
ce.
Thelandlordevict
shi sfami l
yfrom hishome.

EXPECTFOURWELLDEVELOPMENTPOI NTS, MARK3:3:

3:3=12MARKS
FORANAREATOSCORE3THEI NCIDENTOFCORRUPTI ONMUSTBEI DENTIFI
EDAND
HOW ITAFFECTSDR.STOCKMANNORFAMI LYMEMBERS.
I
FHOW CORRUPTI ONFIGHTSBACK.NOTGI VENTHENMARK2: 2:2:
2=08MARKS
CONCLUSION- 2MARKS
Corr
upti
onstagnatesdevel
opmenti
nasocietyandi
tisavicethatshoul
dbef oughtfr
om
thet
opleadershi
pwithnostonel
efti
ntur
nedosacredcows/ bi
gfishbeingspared.

GENERALAPPROACH.
I
nconclusion,t
heabovei
ll
ustr
ati
onsj
ust
if
iest
hefactt
hatcor
rupti
onfight
sbacktosuck
thewelli
ntent
ionedi
nsoci
etyasDrSt
ockmann,apeopl
esdefenderi
sdubbed“anenemy
ofthepeople”

ACONTEXTUALAPPROACH.
ACCEPTEITHERANDANYOTHERRELEVANTCONCLUSI
ON
GRAMMARMARK=4MARKS
MARK2:12:2:
4=20MARKS
I
NTRO- 02MARKS
CONYENT- 12MARKS
CONCLUSION- 02MARKS
GRAMMAR- 04MARKS
20MARKS

9. IbsenHenr i
k’s‘AnEnemyoft hePeopl e’
“Societ
ycannotpr ogressbecausemostpeopl earebl i
ndedbyshor t
-ter
m gai
nsand
selfi
shmot i
v es’
.Basingy ourill
ustr
ationsonthepl ay‘Anenemyoft hePeople’wr
it
ean
essayt hatill
ustratesthisstatement.
INTRODUCTI ON( 2MARKS)
DoctorSt ockmannsacr i
fi
cest oassistthesociet
yt oimprov eitsl
ivi
ngstandar
dsthrough
hisdiscov eryaboutt hecont aminati
onofwat erbutt hethenpeopl eturndownhis
endeav ousbecauset heywantt oprotectthei
rself
ishinterests.Thi
sleadstothesociet
y
toremai nbackwar d.

POI
NTSOFI
NTERPRETATI
ON(
12MARKS)
.
 Acceptanyot
herr
elev
anti
ntr
oduct
ions

S(i)Themay orissoengr ossedi ntheincomef rom thebathsthatheisnotreadyt o

acceptt he
doctor
’sadv i
ce.Thi sleadst othetownnotdev elopment.pg34
S(ii
)Thepeopl eoft hepr esst ur
nagai nstthedoctoredwhent heyreali
zethattheyare
l
ikelyt o
l
osei ntheirpr of
it,thi
sisr etr
ogressiveandhindersthesoccerfrom progressi
ng
pg57- 66
S(ii
i)Catheri
ne(ini
tiall
y)attemptst ostopthedoct orf
rom publi
shingthereportbecause
shef ears
t
hatt hefami l
yisgoi ngt osuffer,t
hisisself
ishandcannotassi stthesocietyto
progresspg61
S(iv)Mor tei
nKi l
lturnsagai nstthedoct orwhenher eali
zesthathistanner
yisi nvol
vedi
n
t
he
cont
aminationofthewat erpg100
S(
v)Mr.Rorl
undchasesEj l
ifandMor tenfrom schoolpg108
S(
vi)l
andl
ordgivestheStockmann’squi t
ti
nglettert
opr otecthi
sproper
typg89
S(
vii
)Mrs.BucksgivesPetradismissall
ettert
opr otectherschool
pg91

Acceptanyot
herrelev
antpoi
nt
Marks3:3:
3:3=12

CONCLUSI ON(2MARKS)
Peoplearethei
rownenemy .Theytur
nagai
nstideasthataremeanttobet
tert
heirl
iv
es.
Hadtheylookedatthedoctor
’srepor
tposi
ti
vel
y,thesociet
ywouldhaveprogr
essed.
Acceptanyotherval
idconcl
usion

9. HenrikIbsensplay“ Anenemyoft hepeople”

Withil
lustr
ationsfrom theplay“AnEnemyoft hepeopl
e”Wri
teanessaytoi
l
lustr
atet
he
Statement
“
Badgov ernanceresultswhenthecit
izenschoosetofol
lowt
heirl
eader
sbli
ndly
.”
Anenemyoft hepeople byHenr i
cIbsen
INTRODUCTI ON
- Acceptgener alorspeci
fi
cintroduct
ion
- Candi dat etotakeastand

Gi)–Thepr essmenar eeasi l

ymani pulat
edbyt hel ayor.Thesei ncludeAsl aken,Bil
ling,
Hor st
ad.
Theyar eeasi lysway edbyt hemay orandt hereforer efusetopubl i
sht hedoct or’
s
repor
t
Gii)Compactmaj orit
y
-Dur i
ngt hemeet i
ngwhi chi schair
edbyAsl aksen, thecompactmaj orit
yblindly
declaret hedoct oranenemyoft hepeopl eev enaf terhehadaddr essedt hem
-Hei sdeni edaccesst otheuseoft hemuni cipalhal lannoyot herpersoni sready
toall
ow him usehi spremi sesapartfrom captainNor st
er
-Theypr oceedt ohishouseandpel titwit
hst ones
Giii
)Petrai sdi smi ssedf r
om herj obasat eacherbyMr s.Bur sk.Shesay sthatshedi di t
dueto
publi
cdemand.Shesay sthatshedar eddot hi
sot her wise
Giv)Ejil
i
fandMor teinaredi smissedfrom school f
orf i
ght ingwi t
hot herboy sj
ust
becauset hey
aresonst oDr .Stockmann.Thet eacherhasnoot herwise
Gv )captainHor sterisdismi ssedbyMr .
Vikforgivi
ngar oom t othedoct orforthe
meeting
Gv i
)Thel andl or dt oDr.Stockmannaskshi mtoleav ehishousej ustbecausehedoes
notwantt
o
beassoci
atedwit
ht he“enemy”
- candidatet
orelatethepointst ot
hequest
ion
- Acceptanyotherrelevantpoint
- Acceptdetai
ls
- Mar k 3: 3: 3: 3

Conclusi
on
Acceptgener
al/speci
fi
cconcl
usi
on
Grammarandpr esent
ati
on

Cont
ent Grammar Concl
usi
on
1–3 1 1
4–5 2 1
6–8 3 2
9–12 4 2
0-0 1 0

10. EnrickIbsen:Anenemyoft hepeople

Doct orStockmanfacesmanyobst acl
esonhi
swaytoachi
evehi
spur
pose.
Discusst hi
swithr
eferenceto“AnEnemyofthepeopl
e”

Introduct i
on
Doct orSt ockmanndi scoversthattheBat t
ushav ebeencont aminatedandposea
riskt ot het owndwel l
ersliv
es.Af terinvesti
gat i
onst hatconf i
rm hisr esearch
findings,hedeci dest omaket hi
sknownt ot hepubl i
candhav etheeffectsoft he
cont ami nati
onr ev ersed.Hehowev er,meet sal otofopposi t
ionf r
om di ff
erent
quar ters.
Cont ent
Theobst aclesDr .Stockmannf acesar e:
- Hi sbr otherPet erSt ockmanndoesnotwanthi mt omaket hisrevel
ationtothepeopl e
becausehei sthechai rmanoft heBattuscommi tt
ee
- Cl aimst hatitwoul dbev erycostl
ytor econstructtheBat tusandt hiswoulddi rectl
y
affectthepeopl e’sfinances
-Thepr essmenar enotr eadyt opubli
shther eportforDr.Stockmanni nthepress.
-Theyi nit
iallysuppor tDr .
Stockmannbutt heyturnagainsthi mt osupportthemaj or
( PeterSt ockmann)
-Themassesr efuset ol i
stent ohisexplanati
onandar gument saboutt heBattu.Instead
t
hey
suppor
tPet
erSt
ockmannandseeDr
.St
ockmannasanenemyoft
hepeopl
e,ev
enwhen
hei
s
f
ighti
ngfortheirwelfar e.
- Theyhecklehi m andev engot ostonehishouse
- Thel andl
ordaskshi mt ov acatethehousehei sli
vi
nginbecausehef ear
swhatthe
masseswi l
lsay .Hef acesasi tuati
onwher ehewillbelefthomel
essorf or
cedto
l
eavethecount y
.
- Thecapt ai
ncannotev enshi plimeoutoft hecount
rybecausetheshi
pownercannot
al
lowhimt oashei sal sot erminatedfrom hi
sjob
(
Anyotherobst acl e)
Expectany4wel l i
l
lustr
atedpoints
Mar k3: 3: 3:3=12
I
nt r
oduct ion-2/ 2
12
Content– / 12
Grammar–4/ 4
2
Conclusi on– / 2
11. Anenemyoft hepeople:
IbsenHenr ik
Usi
ngil
l
ustrati
onsfrom t
het extshowhowt het
hemeofbet rayalhasbeenportr
ayed
PeterStockmannbet ray
shi sbrot
herDr.St
ockmann
 Hemakessur ehi sudeasarenotputinwritt
eni.e.hi
sr epor
tnotpubl
ished
 Hemakessur et hathisbrot
herisdi
smissedfrom hisjob
 Heal sodeclareshisbr ot
heranenemyoft hepeople

Thepr
essbet r
aysDoct orandhi sf ami ly
 Theyaccepthi sr epor tbutl at erondecampsi t
 Theyr efuset opr i
ntt her epor twhi cht heyhadi nitial
lyaccept edt odoso
 Theygot oDr .St ockmann’ shomeaf terdecl airi
nghi m anenemyoft he
people.Indoi ngso, t
heybet rayt hecommuni tyandDr .St ockmann
Thethemei sbr oughtoutt hrought hecompactmaj or it
y( cit
izen)
 Theyr efuset ol istent ot heDoct or’stalkont hebat hsy etitisfor
theirowni nter estandbenef it
 Theydecl arehi m anenemyoft hepeopl e
 Theyev endest royhi shousebyst oningi t
 Theyal sot or ehi st rouser
 Leader sal sobet ray st hesoci ety
 Theyar ecor rupte. g.t hemay ormakessur et hatDr .Stockmann’ s
reportisnotpubl ishedi nst eadhepubl i
sheshi sown
 Theyar eadamantt ochange.Pet erSt ockmannconv incest he
compactmaj or ityt hatchangewi l
l maket hem paymor eamounton
tax
 They( leader s)ar eoutt ocov ert heirowni nter estandar ealway son
thenegat i
v e;e. g.Pet erSt ockmannopposest hegoodi deasbr ought
outbyhi sbr ot her
NB
 Cr editshoul dbegi v ent owel l i
l
lust ratedpoi nt sandr elev ance
 Ev erypoi ntt obegi ven3i llustrations( 1mar kf orident ifi
cation,3
mar ksf orillust ration)
 Mar k4poi nt sof4: 4: 4:4( 16mar ks)f orwel lill
ust ratedpoi nts
 Awar dt womar ksf ori ntr
oduct ionandt womar ksf orconcl usi
on

12. Compul sor ysett ext:TheRi verBet ween* KKN*

Introduction( 2mks)I ndeedKamenoandMakuy uarer i
dgesst eepedi nrival
ry,Kameno
i
sr egardedt hehomeoft radi
tionali
stwhowantt okeept het ri
bescust omspur e,whil
e
Makuy ui sthehomeofChr i
sti
ansr epresentedbyJoshua, Chr i
st i
ansdonotseeey eto
eyewi thtradi ti
onal i
stsespeci allyonthei ssueofci r
cumci sion.Si mil
arlyWai yaki i
ssaid
tohav ebet ray edt hetribebyat tendingJoshua’ schur chser v i
ceandi ntendingt omar rya
Christi
angi rl whoi sunci rcumci sed.Att heheightofthisr i
v alryanewl yconv erted
Christi
an’shuti sbur ntdownatKameno
Poi ntscont ent
(i
)Ther eisser iousrivalryast owher eleader shiphadt obel eftbyt hefirstmanand
woman—Gi kuy uandMumbi .Eachr idgewant stolaysol ecl aimt othisleader ship.This
i
ssy mbolizedbyt hefightbet weenKamauandKi nuthia.Thef ightspar ksfrom t he
i
nsul t
st heyhur ltoeachot her.Kamaul aughsatKi nuthiabecausehi sf atherdiedpoor
whileKinut hiacal lsKamau’ sfisheraconv er
ttot heWhi teman’ sreli
gion.

(i
i
)Onanot herfront,
WaiyakiandKamauar ebit t
erri
vals.Karnauhasalwayshated
Waiyakisi
ncetheirchil
dhoodbecauseheal way supstagedhi m.Heev enor
deredhim, t
o
stopfi
ghti
ngKinut hi
awhentheywer echil
dren.Kamaühadal waysf
elthumil
i
atedsince
hewasmuchol derthanWaiyaki
.Kamaual sof eelshehasl ostNyamburatoWaiyaki.He
cl
aimstohav elovedhersomucht ot heextentof.hoveringaroundherhomeev enodd
 hourstof i
ndoppor tunitytodecl arehi slov e.Theonl yoppor t
unityheget satHoni ariver
i
ssnat chedbyhi sr ival Walyaki whocomesunexpect edly.Thef actt hatNy ambur aand
Waiyakembr acecut shi m deepl i
keashar pknifeandbedecl arest ohi msel fthatWai y aki
will
remai nar i
v al todeat hp.104.si mi l
ar l
y,Wai yaki healshi m(Kamau)whenhewas
worse,Kamau’ sf atherr ebukeshi mf orr emainingr esent ful
*KKN*
(i
ii
)Wai yaki andKabony iarev yi
ngf ort hel eadershi poft her i
dgesWai yaki1isl eadi ng
peopleint heacqui sit
ionoft heWhi teman’ seducat ioni nordert opr epar et hem t ouse
thei
rwi ts/wi sdom t of i
ghtback.ButKabony ii
smor edi r
ectandf orcef ulandf eelsbecan
usehenewl yf or medKi amat ori
seagai nsttheWhi teman.Het ell
st hepeopl e( ameet ing
i
nschool )nott oal l
owt hemsel vest obel edbyt hey outhandposest hequest ion.‘ Did
4’i
etailev erl eadt hehead; thechi l
dt hef atherort hecubst helion? ’p93.Ev enwhenan
i
nter—r idgecommi tt
eei sf ormedt oov erseet hebui l
dingofnewschool s; Kaboy i i
slef t
outduet or i
v alry.Feel inghumi l
iatedt heol dmani sl edhomebyhi sdog.Kamaul oudly
pronouncest hathewi l
lkill
Wai yaki.Kabony ievenopposest heconst ructionofi nv at
or i
es
atMar i
ashonj school sayingt hebusheswer ejustsuf fici
entinaschemeofhi ttingback
atWaiy aki.Thel astshowdowni sdoordi eaffai
rKabony ieffecti
v el
yut i
l
kest heoat ht o
complet elyr outhi sopponent( Wai y
aki )
.Wai y
aki refusest opubl i
clydi swnNy ambur a,a
womanhel ov essomuchdespi t
eshebei ngaChr istianandunci rcwnci sdêAsar esul
t
thepeopl ehehasl edal lthroughdi sownhi m andsur renderhimt otheKi ami Per haps
Kabony i’
si ntensehat redf orWai yaki coul dbequenchedt hiswayandbei ngt hef ounder
oftheKi amahewi llfirmlydeal wi t
ht het eacher .

Concl usi
on
Albeittheriv
alryinexistencej
ustasWaiyakiperceivesthi
ngsthe.onlysol
uti
onIst
o
accommodat ebot htraditi
onandmoderni
tywithequal measure.Withoutthi
s
i
ntegr ati
on/blenditisdi f
fi
cul
tfort
hesocietyt
opr osper.Thi
sexplai
nst hedeat
hof
Mut honiandt hedenial ofWaiy
aki—avisionar
yl eader(
2mks)
Expectal lt
het hr
eepoi nts

13. HENRI CKI BSEN‘ ANENEMYOFTHEPEOPLE’

Peterst ockmani sDr .St ockman’ selderbr otherandMay ort ot heMuni cipalcounci l.He
i
sal sot hechai rmanoft heBat hest abl ishmentcommi tt
ee.( St artbyr i
ngi ngoutcl ear l
y
themeani ngoft rai t
s– cunni ngsadi st i
c,char i
tabl eandconsi derat e)
1.WhenDr .St ockmanndi scov er sthecont aminat ionoft heBat hs,Pet erSt ockmannhas
hisr eput ati
onandt hatoft het ownt opr otect,andbecauseheunder st andst hemi ght
oft hemaj orit y,hedupest hem i nt osuppor tinghi mr ejectDr .st ockmann’ snobl e
discov ery .
2.Becauseoft hei rgul liblenat ure,t het own’speopl ef allpr eyt oPet erSt ockmann’ s
mani pul ati
ons and t hey ev ent ually si de wi t
h hi m i nr ejecting Dr .St ockmann’ s
discov ery .
3.Pet erSt ockmannr eject sDr .St ockmann’ srepor tnotbecausei tisanexagger ationor
i
magi nat i
onashewant sust obel iev ebutbecausehi sowni nterestsar eunderdur ess.
Hiscl ai mst hati mageoft het ownar eundert hr eati sther eforeaf al
sehood.
4.Hecor rupt st hej our nalist st opubl ishanunt ruer eportont hebat hsandr ejectDr .
Stockmann’ saccur atedi scov ery.
5.Hecheat edt own’ speopl et hatoncet hebat hsar eclosedf ortwoy ear s,theywoul d
notgetanyr ev enuef ort hatper iod.Thepubl i
cwer emadet obel i
evet hisev ent hough
theywer et ot akecont ami nat edwat erhencet hey( t
ownspeopl e)woul dcont ract
diseases.
6.Heal sot oldt hem t hatt heamountofmoneyr equi r
edt or epai rthebat hs( 40–50, 000
dollars)i snotcur rentlyav ailable.Soi tist hetown’ speopl ewhowi llpayf ort hesame
hencewi l
lbecost lyt ot hem.
7.Heal sopr et endst ol ov ehi sbr ot herbutengi neershi ssacki ngandst illhast he
audaci tyt odel i
v ert hedi smi ssallet terhi mselfpr etendingt obesor ryf orthesacki ng
 andbl
amingitonother
s,yetheistheal
l-
power f
ulmayorandchai
rmanoftheBaths
commit
tee.Shamel
essl
y,heemploreshi
sbrothertocompromi
sehishar
d-l
i
nestance
andwr
iteanoteofapol
ogyinexchangef
orhisjob

Concl
usi
on–Just
if
yt hecharacterofPeterSt
ockmannasnotconsi
der
ateandchar
it
abl
e
but cunni ngandsadist
ic.
Mar king
Introduct
ion–2mks
Cont ent–anysixpoints6x2=12mks
Concl usi
on–2mks
Gr ammar–4mks
Tot al–20mks

14. Int
roduction.(2mks)
Dr.Stockmanni sthepr ot agoni stinthepl aywhosesol epur posei st ocleansea
societyfullof ev i
lssuchascor rupt i
on,hy pocr i
sy,betrayale.t.
c.
Dr.Stockmannmakesadi scov eryaboutcont ami nationoft hebat hs.Itisbeing
seenasal ivel
ihoodint het ownhedoessowi thi ntensionofsav ingt hepeopl e.
Thisdiscov eryisnotawel comei dea.
Body4PTSX3MKS=12MKS+4MKS( Forlanguage) .
PeterStockmanndoesnotwantt ohearaboutt hedi scov erythought hedoct or
hadcar efull
yconduct edhi sr esear ch,heaskshi mt ofalsifyhisreportfail
uret o
whichhewoul dbesacked.
Dr.Stockmanni sdeni edaccesst obat hshal l
sandt hemencl ubhal ltomakehi s
reportknownt othepubl ic.
Whenhehost sameet i
ngi ncapt ai nHor ster
’shouse, thet ownof fi
cialsgatecr ash
hismeet ingand goaheadt omov eamot iont oensur ehedoesnotdi scusst he
baths.
Topushhi m outoft het ownt hecompactmaj orityismani pulat
edi ntodeclaring
him anenemyof t hepeopl e.Theymov eoutt odest royhi spropertywi t
hanai m
ofmaki nghi ml eav
et het own.
Mor t
enki ll
usesmeantf orCat herine’
si nherit
ancet obuyshar esfrom t hebaths.
Thisisdonewi th t hei ntentionofmaki ngtheDr .Changehi smi nd.Hegi vest he
proceedsf rom hissal est ochar i
ty.

CONCLUSI ON.2MKS.
Thoughhi sef f
or tsaret rampl edon, Dr .St ockmanndoesnotgi veup.Heswear s
thathewoul d f
ightt ot he bi tterend.
15. Drama( compul sor y)
Int
roduct ion( 2mks)
Thest rongestmani nt hewor ldi shewhost andsal one.Thi si
sr eferri
ngt oDr .Stockman.
Hehasbeendecl ared“ Anenemyoft hepeopl e’becauseofspeaki ngt het ruth’.The
massesar einfluencedbyPet erSt ockman, butDr .Stockmanst oodt ohi sgr oundal one
andf oughtf ort het ruth, toinf ormt hepubl icaboutt hest ateoft heBat hs.
Content :(12mks)
1.Hebecomest hef ir
stper sont oseet hatt het owncoul dbemadei ntoaf l
our i
shing
heal thresor t.Hehadt of ightsi ngle-handedl yinsuppor tofthei deaf ormanyy ear
s
throughwr i
ting.Ev ent uallyt heBat hswer econst ructed
2.Hemakesagr eatdi scov eryaboutt heBat hs,whi charecur rentlythemai nar t
eryof
thet own’sl ifebl ood.TheBat hshav ebecomepoi sonedandar ecausi ngdi seaseslike
typhoi d.
“ Thewhol eBat hest abl ishmenti sawhi t
ed, poisonedsepul cher,2t ellyout he
gr
avest
possi bledangert othepubl icheal t
h.---(
pg17)
Thismar kst hebegi nni ngofhi spr obl emswi tht heMuni ci
pal Counci l
.Ther eport
i
ndi catest hatbact eriahav egoti ntot hepopest herebycont ami nati
ngt hewat er
 source.Hesacr ifi
cesal lhisener gyforthesakeofhi ssociet
y,thei nval
idsand
visi
torswhohav ebeenusi ngcont ami natedwat ersource.He ther efor
est oodalone
tosuppor tther enov ati
onoft heBathssy stem.
3.Hei shumi li
atedpubl i
clyint hemeet ingatt hetownhal landcall
ed“ anenemyoft he
people”.Themassesi ntimi datedhim buthest oodf orthetr
uthal one.
4.Hi sar t
icl
ewoul dnotbepubl ishedint he‘people’
smessenger ’,
theLandl or
dki ckshi
m
outoft hehouse, buthewoul dnotgiv ein
5.Hei sopt imi st
ict owardst heendandswear snott oleavetown,butt ostayonand
continuefightingf orthet r
ut h.
N/ BGetmor ei l
lustr
at i
onsf r
om thepl ay
(Any4poi nts3mkseach3: 3:3:
3=12mks)concl usion (2mks)
Insomecases, thecompactmaj ori
tyarewr ongoncer t
ainsit
uationsandonl yone
honest,sincereper sonmayber ightli
kei nthiscase,Dr.Stockmani sr i
ghtwhi l
et he
massesar ewr ong.

SECTI ONC-
ANSWERS( OPTI ONAL)
(I)SHORTSTORY
1. HalfaDayandot herst ories:
Introduct i
on
Musthav ether elationshi pbet weent hesay i
ngandt hequesti
on.Acceptspecifi
cor
gener alintroduct ion
Cont ent
- Societ ysowedbel iefi nsuper stit
ionandr eapedf ol
lowingHalimablindl
ythusmakingher
ri
chatt heirexpenseof feredsacr if
icest oJi nni
sforfearoftheunknown
- Societ ysowedi gnor ance/madeHal i
mapower fuli
nt ur
nshemadedemandst hathurt
thesoci etye. g.wel lswer ecl osed
Recreat ionbeachi nv estedbyShar ks
Pri
cesoff oodwentup
- Theysowedcor rupt ion/abuseofof f
ice/di ctat
orship–theyreaped
Lackofbasi ccommodi ties
Wel l
scl osed
Peopl ewer eki l
ledf orchal l
engingt hesy stem
- Theyencour agednepot i
sm ( onet ri
ber ul
ing)
Effects
 Peopl eamassweal t
h
 Ki llany onewhochal lengesdi ctatorship
 Di ctator shipwasencour aged
NB: Acandi dat emustshowhowt hepeopl eareaffectednegat
ivelybynotsoppingan
i
ssueat
itsear li
erst age
Introduct i
on
Concl usion
Grammar
Cont ent4: 4:
4

2. Int
roducti
on
Raci
albiasnessisthediscri
minat
ionofpeopl
ebasedonthei
rski
ncolourdif
ferencel
i
ke
whit
eagai nstt
hebl acks.Thi
shabitiff
oundwherether
earemi xedracesallovert
he
worl
d
Arel
evantexampl ewouldsuffi
ce

Body
Narr
ator
’st
eachersay
sthatonl
yaf
ewy
ear
sagobl
ackswal
kedar
oundonal
lfour
s,l
i
ke
wil
danimal
s.
 Thissent imentsuggest st hatbl acksj ustdev elopedaf ew yearsago.Theyhav enot
takenal ongert imet odi f
ferentiatet hemsel vesf rom t hewi l
dani mal s.Theyar enotf ar
remov edf rom t hewi l
dani mals.Thi sev idencer acialnegat i
v eraci albi
asnessont he
Afri
cans/ blacks
FatherChr isti
ano’ sr ef
erencet ot henar ratort hatt heyar ehopel essandt heev enthe
blacksar ebet terthanthem denot esr acial biasness
DonaDor essai dthatGodmadet hei rhandsl i
ght ersot hattheywoul dnotdir
tyt hefood
thymadef ort heirmast er.Thi ssent i
mentpr esentabl ackper sonasaser vantor
servit
ude
SenhorAnt unesbel i
evest hatthebl acks’handhel donwhi l
et heybakedi ntheheav enly
kil
n.Heal so say st hatmoul dingoft hebl ackcr eatureswer edonei nahur r
y– a
statementt hatsuggest sracialbiasness.
SenhorFr iast oldthenar ratorthatt hebl ockswer emadeatat imewhent hewat erinthe
l
akewasv erycol d.sowhent heywer et oldt obat het heyonl ywett hepalmsoft heir
handsandt hesol esoft heirfeet.Duet ot his,theirhandsar elighter.Thereisinsinuati
on
thatblacksar el azyaccor dingtoFr ias.
Narratorcl aimst hathehasr eadi nabookt hatbl acksspentt hei
rli
vesbentov er
gatheringt hewhi t
ecot t
onofv irginawhi chmadet heirpalmswhi te.ButEsterfaniasay s
theirpalmswer ebleachedbywashi ng

Concl usi
on
Thei deasgiv
enbyt heteacher
,fatherChri
tiano,
DonaDore,
Ant
anesandFr
iasaboutt
he
palm oft heblacksisshowingr aci
albiasness.Ther
eisnott
rut
hinthem butj
ustan
expressionofraci
alprej
udi
ce

Expect6point
s ful
l - 2
Int
roducti
on–2 fai
r - 1
body =-12(
2:2:
2:2:
2:2) unptd-0
conclusi
on =2

3. Theshor tst ory: Macmi l

lan( Ed)Halfadayandot herst ori
es.
Writ
eacomposi ti
ontojust i
fythest atement“ Johni st obl amef orthedeat hofWamuhu”
basingy ouri l
lustrat
ionsonNgugi WaThi ongo’s“Ameet ingint heDar k”
Introduct ion
-
mustpr oj ectt owar dssuppor ti
ngt hest atement
Alt
houghJohnki ll
sWamuhu, heisnott obl ame.Thi sisbecauseof :
i
) Upbr inging
Expl anat i
on: Johnsf atherStanl ey, stopshi swi fef r
om t elli
ngthechi l
drenany
tradit
ional
stor iesbecausehei samanofGod, onlystoriesaboutJesusChr i
stshouldbe
told.
Il
lust ration:John’smot hertell
shi m“ don’taskf oranymor est ori
esy ourfat
her
maycome
(p37) .t
hismakesJohnunabl et omakedeci sionsi nl if
eandheendsupki l
li
ng
Wamuhubecausehecan’ tfacehi spar ents.
i
i)Fear-
St anl eywasv erystrictrel
igi
ousmanwhof oll
owedr el
igiontot helater.Heinst
il
la
l
otof
feari nJohnt hatatcer tai
nt imes, johnwoul dr unt owar nhi smot heraboutt he
father’
s
comi nghome.Fol l
owedr eligiont ot helater.Hei nst il
lalotoff earinjohnthat
certai
n
times, johnwoul dr unt owar nhi smot heraboutt hef atherscomi nghome.
Gui ltconsci ence
Hisguil
tofhav ingputWamuhui nthef ami lyway ,keptonhaunt i
nghim andhewant ed
toensurenobodyknowsabouti t
.
Pr essur ef r
om par ents/church/ soci ety
 Alotofpr
essur
eisexertedonhim byhispar
entsandsoci
etythati
nthel
ongr
unhedoes
t
hissoasnottofal
loutwiththem
Markany4welli
ll
ust
ratedpointsi
.e.(
each3:
3:3:
3=12mar ks

4. Macmi l
lan(Ed), halfadayandot herstories.
Writ
eacomposi tionhi ghli
ghtingthechallengesofi nter-
racialr
elat
ionshi
psasr ev
eal
ed
i
nthest oryBreaki ngLoosebyMoy ezVassanj i
Relevantint
roduct ion 2mar ks
- Canbegener albutt i
edupt othest ory,
Br eakingloose
- Canbespeci fi
ct othestory
- Candef inekeyt ermsnecessar yt otheunder standi
ngoft hequest
ion.
Challengesandi nter-r
acialr
elati
onships
Body
- Suspi cionandf ear
- Hat red/pr ej
udice
- St i
gmat izati
on
- Opposi tionfrom par ents

5. Raci
sm asacr
eati
onofi
ndiv
idual
s
(i
)-Therei
satheor
yaboutt
hehandsofbl
ocksbei
ngmadeassuchbecauset
heyused
t
o
Wal konf earsuntilr
ecent ly
.Thatt hehandswer enotexposedt othesun.
(i
i
)–Anot herindiv i
dualsaysthatbl ocksusedt ogoar oundwi t
hthei
rhandsfol
dedi n
Secret
pray er.
(i
i
i)–Anot herper sonsay sGodmadet hem l
ikethatsot hattheydon’tmakedirt
ythe
Foodt hey
cook f ort hewhi t
es.
(i
v)-Anot hertheor yisthatthey( bl
ocks)wer emadehur ri
edlyf r
om dayandsmokedi na
Chi mney ,
butbecauset heyhadt oholdont osomet hingthati
swhyt hewhole
bodywas
blackenedbysmokebutt hehandsr emainedl i
ght.
(v
)–Bl ackswer emadeear l
yi nthemor ni
nginal akeandwoul dconstant
lywettheir
Palmsand
solesoft heirf eet.
(i
v)–Bl ackswer epi cki
ngcot toninAmer i
cawhi chmadet heirhandsli
ght
er.
(v
ii
)-Whi teshadt heirskinpeeledof f.
(v
ii
i)-
Whi teshav eal ongatednosessoast osmel lallt
hebadsmel ls.
(i
x)-Godmusthav ebeent hinkingofequal i
tywhenhemadet hehandsoftheblacksto
Bet
he
sameast hosewhot hankhi m.

N.
B–ACandi datehastoshowt
hateachtheor
yisat
tr
ibut
edt
oani
ndi
vi
dual
.
Marki
ngi nst
ruct
ions
Int
roduction–2mar ks
4wel li
l
lustrat
edpoint
s12marks(4x3)
Language–4mar ks
- Conclusion–2mar ks

6. Macmilan( Ed)
,‘HalfaDayandOtherSt
ori
es.’
Wit
hreferencetot heshor
tstor
y‘Handsofthebl
acks’
byLuisBer
nadoHonwana,wri
te
acomposi ti
ononhowwhi t
esatt
empttojusti
fyt
hei
rmist
reat
mentandexpl
oit
ati
onof
t
heblackr ace.

(
a)I
ntr
oduct
ion
 Explaint hatwhi teshav einv entedseveralmy thsonwhyt heblackshandsar e
l
ightert hant hei rbodi es.Theyuset heset ooppresstheblackr aceanddenyt hem
theirrights.
consi deranyr elev antgener alorcontextuali
ntroducti
on–2mks
cont ent
- Thebl acksusedt omov eonal lfour s
- Thatbl ackpeopl e’shandsar ewhi tesoasnott odir
tyfoodorany t
hi ngbel
ongingt othei
r
mast er s.
- Inhabi tantsofheav encr eatedAf ri
cansandbakedt hem inchimney sbl
ackeningt hei
r
bodies.
- Thatbl ackswer ei nst ruct edtobat heincoldwat ersofal akeinheav enbutonl ydipped
theirpal msandsol es
- Thatbl ackpeopl eshandsar eli
ght erthanther estoftheirbodi
esbecauset heyusedt o
pickcot ton.
- Thatbl ackhandsbecamel i
ghterast heyworebleachedbywashi ng.
- concl usi on:-Itisunf ortunatet hatsuchmy thsthatteachr aci
sm aret ol
dtochildrenwho
arenaï veand t her efor el i
kelyt o bel i
evethem.( Acceptanyot herconclusiont hat’
s
relevant )
(Int
roduct ion-02mks,l anguage4mks,cont ent12mksi .
e.4x3pt s,conclusion
02mks)

7. Macmi l
lan(Ed)HALFADAYANDot herSt
ori
es
INTRODUCTI ON=( 2Marks)
Manyr i
chpeopl edon’talwaysleadal i
feofhappi
nessdespi t
et hei
rwealt
h,manyofthem
arewor riedaboutt hesecur i
tyoftheirwealt
handmor eoftenthannot,theyhave
sleeplessni ght.
Agener alapproach
Inthest ory,“money man” ,Mr.MannaLei t
aoisarichmanbuthei ssuchami sert
hathe
woul dratherper sonall
ysuf f
er;getpoortr
eatmentfrom t
hirdclasshospit
al/
gradeB,
dressingshabbi l
y,dependingont heFernandos/Diasesrefusingtoseehisrel
ati
ves.
Thismakeshi m ami serabl
echar acter
.
Acont ext ualapproach.
Acceptanyoft heabov eandexpectanyot herrel
evant

INTRODUCTI ON
CONTENT
M(i
)si ngl el ife/ unmar ried
 Althoughboast i
ngt obet her ichesmani nApanat own, hei saseniorbachelor
.Probably,
hef earsexpensesi nvolvedi ncat eringf oraf ami ly.“Thegr oansthroughthathehad
remai nedsi nglebecausel ooki ngafterawi feandchi ldrenwoul dcasttoomuch” .P21
alsop23
 Het her ef orel eadsal onelyl if
ei nspit eofhi m hav ingt hemoney .
M(i
i)hospi t alizedi nGr adeBhospi t
al
 Whenhebr eakshi slegwhenchasi ngoneofhi sdebt ors,heinsi
stsonbei ngadmi tt
edto
aGr adeBhospi talwher ethepoorar et reatedf reeofchar ge.
 Hedeci dest obet akent ot hepoorf olkhospi talbecausehi sl
oveformoneywoul dnot
allowhi mt obet akent oGr adeAhospi tal wher et het r
eat mentisbetterbutpai
df or.
 Thebr okenl egwoul dnotheal asfastt herefore, heendur estospentmoneyonqual i
ty
medi cat ionhencef ast errecov er
y.
M(i
ii)lifeofbi tterness
 Whent heDi asesmakesanappeal andhi sonl ytraceabl erelat
iveli
vinginaneighboring
count rycomet oseehi m, her efusest oseet hem.
 “Theyhav ecomeher ehopi ngIwi l
l die”hesai d.‘ Theyonl ywantt ogetmymoney .’Well,
I
won’ t,andt heywon’ t
”p23
 Thi sshowhowbi tterhei swi thhisr elativeswhogenui nelywanttoconsol ehi
my ethe
thi nkst hatt heyar eaf terar eaf t
erhi smoney
 M(
iv)Soj ournatt heFernando’ s
Onr ealizati
onhowt r
ickylivingal onei s,hemov esi nwiththeFer nando’sfamil
y.
Hel endsMr s.Fernando’ssomemoneyt osett
leherhusband’ sdebt .However,hewri
tes
arulel ett
ertoherdemandi ngt obepai d.
Oneoft heFer nando’ssonsbeat shim upf orinsult
ingtheirmot hery ett
heyhadgiven
hi
mf reeaccommodat ion,hisot herlegi sbrokenandhei stakeny etagaintotheGradeB
hospital.
I
nf act, Mr.D’mellowr apital l
whenhedescr i
beshi m as“…..miserableskinf
li
nt”p24
EXPECTTHEFOURAREAMARK3: 3:3:3
Candi datemusti dentifyhowmoneyi sasour ceofunhappi ness/pain/miser
yin
money man’sl i
fe.i
fthisisnotconsci ouslydonet henitisir
relevant.
CONCLUSI ON 2mar ks
From theabov eexampl ei ti
struetosayt hat“ moneycannotbuy
happiness”
Expectanyot herrelev antconclusion=2mar ks

8. Macmill
an(Ed)
,Hal
faDayandot herstori
es
Writ
eanessayonthecompl
icat
ionsthatar i
sef
rom Akot
oandYasmin’
sr el
ati
onshi
p
r
ightfr
om t
hestar
t-
basi
ngyouri
llustr
ationsonMoyezVassanj
’
sstor
y‘Breaki
ngLoose’

I
nt r
oduct
ions-
shoul
dechot hequesti
on
AkotoisanAfri
can;YasminisanAsian(I
ndi
an)
.thetwoengagesi
ntoarel
ati
onshi
pthat
facealotofcompli
cati
onsar i
singf
rom t
hecul
tural
dif
fer
encesasitcanbeseeni
n
Mor t
ezVassanji
’
sstory,
breaki
ngloose.

Atthedance.Yasmi naccepttodancewi thPr ofAkot obutfeelsr atherawkwarde.

g.“
of
all
girl
swhyme………. .
”“Whycoul dn’thechooset hosecheekygi rls………”
Yasmi ndi sl
i
kesAkot o’
sdescripti
onoft hebl acksasl acki
ngeut heni cswhich
embar rasses…thatthereisnoAf ricanintheirmusi c-
simpl
yt heyl ikeapingthe
westerner s.
InYasmi nnot etoAkotoshedescr ibeheri ncli
nationtothewest ernway sandseemsto
cri
ti
cizet heIndians
Yasmi n’smot herdi
sapprovesoft her elat
ionshi pbetweenAkot oandherdaught er
…….
“Whydi dy oubringhim hereli
ket his?”
Yasmi nandAkot oshareloveandhat erelati
onshi pinwhicht heycommenceonone
handwhi l
eont heotherhandt her elat
ionshipi smut edbysoci alinsinuati
onand
i
nnuendos.

Conclusi
on-shouldgiveagoodsummar yofthepoi
nts
Markasf oll
ows
I
ntroducti
on-2mar ks
Content-
3:3:
3:3=12mar ks(expect4poi
nts)
Grammarandpr esentat
ion-
4marks
Conclusi
on-2mar ks
Totalscore-
20mar ks

9. Macmil
lan(Ed)HalfaDayandOt herStor
ies
Dr
awingyouril
lust
rati
onsfr
om “Governmentbymagicspell
”bySaidaMagi
-Di
rreMenzi,
Wri
teanessayont hesayi
ng“Powercor r
uptsandabsol
utepowercorr
upt
sabsolut
ely
.”

I
ntr
oduct
ion
- Canbespecifi
c
- Canbegeneral
POWERCORRUPTS
i
. Halimatakesthi
sopport
uni
tyofherpowert
owinrecogni
ti
oni
nthe
gov
ernmentandtoearnavi
ll
ainthecit
ywit
hsecuri
tyandmanyser
vant
s
 j
ustbecauset heaut horit
ywant stor emai ninpower
i
i
. Halimasecur esaj obforherbrotherast heheadofgov ernmentl icense
Agency( nepotism)al thoughhei sinexper i
enced
i
i
i. Halima’ sclanhadt hemosti mpor t
antandmostpower fulposi ti
onsint he
gover nment
i
v. Ther eisnepot ism.Onepower f
ulmanhadcal ledhisrelati
v esandt heyin
turnhadcal l
edt heirown
v
. Amassi ngofweal th–Thepower ful posi
tionsmeantqui ckr i
chesf orallof
them hadacqui r
edsomuchi ntenshor ty ears
v
i. Unscr upulous-Tor etainthi
sweal t
h, theleadersev encommi t
tedmur der.
“Any t
hi ngthatst oodont heirwaywaspushedasi deorelimi nated”
v
ii
. Suppr essionofdi ssi
dents-Thel eader scont r
olstheweal thand
gover nmentoft hecount ry.Nobodychal lengest hem,thel eadersar e
i
ntoler ant
v
ii
i. Incompet ence–Thel eadersensur edthatt hetopgov ernmentposi ti
ons
wer etakenbypeopl eoftheirclanthoughmostoft hem wer eil
lit
erate
i
x. 3poi ntseach2mar ks

ABSOLUTEPOWERCORRUPTSABSOLUTELY
i. Absol utecont r
ol ofr
esourcesandf acil
it
ies.Halimaensur est hatt
heciti
zensdr i
nk
wat erfrom twor eservoi
rs(centr
alizedwat er
)andonesl aughterhouse–ot her
slaught erhousesar ecloseddown.Thel i
do( publi
cbeach)i scloseddownasi t
swar mswi t
hnon-eat ingsharksthatki ll
anumberofpeopl e.Peoplestopped
goingt ot hebeach
i
i. Shor tagesofal lbasi
ccommodi ti
es-sheadv icesthel eaderstocreateshor
tages.
Thiskeptpeopl ebusyst r
uggli
ngf orsur vi
v al
.Theydi dnothav etimeorener gyto
spar ewor ryi
ngaboutt hegoingsoni nthegov er
nment
i
i
i. Cl ingingt opower -useofunorthodoxmet hodstor emai ninpowere.g.Tahleel
(spells)creati
onofshor tages,nepot i
sm, mur der
N/B: Near lytwentyy earshavepassedsi nceHal i
maf irstwentt othecit
y.Thecl an
hasbeen
aboutt hir
tyyears

Concl
usi
on
- Asummaryoft
hepoi
ntsdi
scussedcanbeagener
alconcl
usi
on

10. Half–A-dayandotherstor
ies
Int
roducti
on
Thecandidat
eshoul
dtalkabouthowpowercorruptsi
ngener
ale.
g.Zi
mbabweort
he
candidat
eshoul
dzeroinont het
extandbespecif
ic
Body

Powercorrupts
i
. Hal imat urnsdownt hemanymenwhowant edtomar r
yher .EvenWadaadhi mselfi
s
rej
ectedbyHal imasi nceshei sper ceiv
edt ohavepower s.Sher emainsunmar ri
ed
ii
. Hal imat akest hi
soppor tunit
yofherpowert owinrecogniti
oni nthegover nmentand
toearnav il
l
aint heci tywithsecur ityandmanyser vants
i
ii
. Hal imasecur esaj obf orherbr otherast heheadofgov ernmentl i
censeAgency
(nepotism)al t
houghhei sinexper ienced
i
v. Hal ima: Clanhadmosti mpor tantandmostpower fulpositi
onsi nthegov ernment
v. Ther ei snepotism: Onepower ful manhadcal l
edhisrelati
vesandt heyint urnhad
call
edt heirown
vi
. Amassi ngofweal th: Thepower ful positi
onsmeantqui ckri
chesf orall
oft hem had
acquiredsomuchi nt enshor ty ears
v
ii
. Unscr upulous: Tor et ainthisweal th,theleadersevencommi tt
edmur der.“Anythi
ng
thatstoodont heirwaywaspushedasi deoreli
minated.”
 v
ii
i. Suppr essionofdi ssent.Thel eaderscont roltheweal thandt hegov ernmentoft he
count ry.Nobodychal l
engest hem, t
heleader sar eintolerant.
ix. I ncompet ence:Theleader sensur edthatt hetopgov er nmentposi tionswer etakenby
peopl eoft hei
rclant houghmostoft hem wer eill
it
erate.
Absol utepowercor r
uptsabsol utely
i. Absol utecont r
ol ofresourcesandf acil
iti
es.Hal imaensur esthatt heci t
izensdr i
nk
wat erfrom twor eservoirs(Centrali
sedwat er
)andonesl aughterhouse–ot her
slaught erhousesar ecl oseddown.Thel ido(publ i
cbeach)i scl oseddownasi t
swar mswi thman-eat ingshar ksthatkillanumberofpeopl e.Peopl est oppedgoi ng
tot hebeach
i
i. Shor tagesofal lbasiccommodi ti
es;sheadv i
cest hel eaderstocr eateshor t
ages.This
keptpeopl ebusyst r
uggl i
ngf orbaresur v
iv al
.Theydi dnothav etimef ororener gyto
spar ewor ryi
ngaboutt hegoingsoni nt hegov er
nment .
ii
i. Cl ingingt opower :Useunor thodoxmet hodst oremai ni npowere. g.Tahl eel(
spells)
Creat i
onofshor t
ages, nepotism, murder.

NB:Nearl
ytwent yy earshav epassed
Si
nceHal i
maf irstwentt otheci
ty.Thecl
anhasbeeni
npowerf
oraboutt
hir
tyy
ear
s.
Conclusion
Arecapofthemai nideasi ntheessay.
i
.e.Thecandidatewr apst heargument.
Expectanysixwel li
llustrat
edpoint
s
Mark2: 2: 2:2:2: 2=12
Int
roduction–2/ 2mks
Body–12/ 12
Grammar–4/ 4
Conclusion–2/ 2

11. Macmi l
l
an(
Ed),HalfadayandOt herst
ori
es
Wri
teanessayentitl
ed:“
Afri
cansshouldnotcel
ebratet
henewmil
l
ennium.
”Basey
our
ar
gumentont hereasongiv
eninHav uaTuma’sstory
-“Whocar
esfort
henew
mil
lenni
um.”

a)Macmi l
lanEd.Hal fadayandot herst ori
es
NBTheessayshoul dshowwhyAf ri
can’sar epessi mist
icaboutthenew
mi
l
lennium
i. Rul erscol l
abor atewi thWest ernerstodomi nateAfri
ca
-Ruler
swi l
lenj oyt heev entsj ustl i
kethedonor swhobankr ol
l t
hem i
nthe
nameofdev elopmentPg.86
i
i. Cont inuedhi st ori
cal rape/expl oit
ationofAf ricathr
oughtheslavetr
ade,
col
oni ali
sm andneocol oni al
ism
- “ Weknewt hesl av et r
ade, endur edcoloni ali
sm”
- Wewer esubj ect edt oneocol oniali
sm.Pg86
i
ii)Lackofpeace/f i
ght i
ngbet weengov er
nmentandguar ri
l
las,t
husprobl
em of
refugees,casesi npoi ntar eSi erraLeoneandUgandaPg. 87
i
v )Tribaldivi
sione. g.Somal i
a, Rwandae. t.c.P.g87
v)Poorheal thfaci l
ities
-Thehi ghesti nfantmor tali
tyr ate
-Thehi ghestnumberofAI DSv ictimspg87
vi)Lackofeducat ion/i l
l
iteracy
- Thehi ghestnumberofi llit
eracyi sont hei ncr
ease

NB –Credi
tshouldbegiv
entowelli
ll
ustr
atedpoi
ntsandr el
evance
- Mark4pointsof4:
4:4:
4(16marks)forwel
lbroughtoutpoint
s
- Awardtwomar ksfori
ntr
oduct
ionand2mar ksforconclusi
on
12 Shor tst oriesHal fadayandot hershortstor ies•
Introduct ion
Anat temptshoul dbemadet oenumer atet heexpect edi l
lsinsoci ety
Poi nts
(i)Saida—Hagi —Di neHer zi isopposedt or eligiousbel iev et hatgi v er isetomi sl eadi
ng
super st i
tions.WhenHal i
mai sdecl ar
edt obepossessedbya‘ Ji
nni ’,shebecomes.
Famoust hroughoutt hev i
ll
age.Sheconv incesher selfthati tist rueandshebegi ns
act i
ngasonewhocanf oret ellthefutureandcur et hesi ck.Thewhol ecommuni tybli
ndly
,
bel i
evesi nherpower s.Peopl et urnto‘Jinnis’ forhel pandpr ot ection.Mai ntainingt he
‘
Ji nnis’ i
sexpensi v
ebecausewhenani mal s’ sacrificesar egi v ent heJi nnitwins’ mustget
ashar e.Thewr it
erisr i
di culingsuchpr acticeswher eHal ima’ sspeci alpower sar eusedin
thecapi talinorderf ort hecl ant oholdseni orposi ti
onsi ngov ernmentandat ev eryri
ch,
Whi leatt hecapitalHal ir
nar equestt heleader soft heclant obr i
ngal lthewat er
resour cesoft heci t
yi nt oonecent ralpoo1t of acilit
atetheper formi ngoft he‘ Tahl eel
’
.
Sheal sor equestedt hebui ldingofahugesl aught erhouseatt heEast ernshor e.Al lot
her
sour ceswer edestroy edt oensur ethatresi dent sdr ank‘ Tahl eel ’wat er .Theef fectwast o
makepeopl e‘model subj ect s’whonev erquest i
onedt heexcessest hei rl
eader s.When
thesl aught erhousewenti nt ooper at
ional lot hersl aught erhouseswer ecloseddown.
Sincei ti
sbui l
tnearLi do, apopul arbenchf ront ,thewast eat tract edman—eat ingshar ks
whi chki ll
edanumberofpeopl e.Theef f
ectwast hatpeopl est oppedgoi ngt ot hebench.
Thewr it
eri sthenagai nst
(ii
)Pol iciest hat,
benef itani ndi vidualagainstt hecommongoodoft hesoci et
ySai da
Her ziisal socr i
ti
cal ofnepot i
sm andcl anni sni .Shepor traysasoci etywher e

majori
tyoftheci
ti
zensdonothav eaccesstothenati
onalcake.Thestat
ei srunasa
pri
vat
ef i
rm ownedbyonecl an.Theclanmember sconsi
derkinshipi
ntheiral
locat
ionof
seni
orgovernmentposit
ions.Hali
ma’sbr ot
herismadeheadoft hegovernmentIncense-
Agency.Shemakesthisdomi nati
onofanent i
recount
rybyonecl an,
alaughingstock.

(i
ii)‘
Gov ernment .bymagi cspel l’
,condemnseconomi csabot ageandmi smanagement .
Thehav esliveinbeaut if
ul vil
laswi t
hser vantandsecur i
tyguar ds.Theyenr i
ch
themsel vesusi ngst ater esour ces.Member soft heleader’
sf ami l
iesgrowi mmensely
ri
chwhi l
et hemaj ori
tyst rugglet omakeendsmeet .Hali
ma’ s‘spell’
ont hel eader
s
discouragesf reeent er pri
seaspr i
vatewat ersour cesandslaught erhousesar ecl
osed
down.Thi srefl
ect sv erypoor l
yont heov eralleconomi cdevelopmentoft hecountryat
l
ar ge.Thisi si
ndeedabuseofpowersat i
ri
zedast heleadershipi sdominat edbypeople
from thesamecl anExpect3x4
Concl usion
Thei l
lsar easar esultofgr eedandnar r
ow—mi ndednessf rom t heleader s.Theydonot
ev enrespecthumanl i
feandt heycanev engetawaywi t
hmur der.Thisexpl ainswhywe
needaser iousi ndictmentont hequal i
tyandsui tabil
it
yofourl eader s.(
2mks)Language-
Gr ammarpar agr aphingandpr esentati
on•

13. OPTI ONALSETTEXT

(a)Factory–Apl acewher egoodsar emade
Punishment–Negat i
verei
nf or
cementwhenonehasdonewr ong
School asaf actorywhichwillproducethef i
nalproduct
Li
v i
ngbei ngsaredr awntoot herli
vi
ngbei ngs
(i
)Friendship–boy sandgirl
si nt
eractandbef ri
endeachot her
(i
i)Playi
ng–v ari
ousgamese. g.swings,thevault
inghorse,bal
lgames
(i
ii
)Musi c–chant i
ngofsongs
(i
v)Var ioussubj ectsaret aughti nschooli .
e.Language,Geogr aphy
,Ar
it
hmet
icand
Reli
gion.
(v)Boy sandgi rl
sar et
aughthowt ostruggleandper sev
ere.
 (vi
)Theyl earnhowt ot akeadv antagesoft heoppor tuni
ti
esf orsuccessandhappiness
that
present edthemsel ves.
(vi
i)Theyl ear
ntobei ndependent–Thenar rat
orhadt oretur
nhomebyhi msel
fbecause
thefather
nev ercamet opi ckhi m ashehadpr omi sed.Hehadt ofi
ndhiswaybackhome.
(
Anyf i
v ewelli
ll
ust r
atedpoi
nt s5x2=10mks)
I
nt r
oduct ion–Shoul dcl earl
yshowt heschool asaf actor
ywher eusefulboysaremade.
Conclusi on – Summar i
ze thatt he schoolhas made t he nar r
atora happy and
i
ndependentmant otal l
ydiffer
entfrom theboyt akenbyt hefatherinthemor ni
ngdespi
te
hisresistance
-Shoul
dcl earlyshowt hedifferenceintheboybef oreandaf t
erschool
.
Marking
Int
roduct i
on–3mks
Content– f ivepoints5x2=10mks
Conclusion–3mks
Grammar–4mks
Total-20mks

14. HALFADAYANDOTHERSTORI ES
- Unprepar edforpr egnancies.
- Anxietyandwor r
y–Johni salwaysi
nwor ryofwhatmightbecomeofhim whenthe
pregnancyi sdiscov ered.
- Missingoppor tunities–Johnmi ghtmisstheschol
arship.
- Death–Wamuy ui sstrangl
edtodeat
hbyt hedesperat
eJohn.
- Embar rassment /shame-
- Peoplehadt r
ustedJohnasmor al
l
yupright
.Thediscoverymightbr
ingshametohim.

15. Halfaday
I
ntroducti
on(2mks)
NjorogewasMr s.Hil
l’
shouseboy.Hehadbeeni
ntheHi
l
l’
sser
vicef
ormor
ethant
en
y
ears.
Hewaski ll
edbyMr s.Hil
lmist
akenly
Content:
(12mks)

1.Somewhi tesett
lershadbeenmur der edbef oreandbl ackswer eblamedf orthi
s.Mrs.
HardyandMr s.Smi lesinform Njor oge’sempl oy er,Mr s.Hil
l,t
hatNj orogeis
dangerousemploy er,t
hispr eparingherf oranyev entuali
ty.
2.Therewasaconf lictbetweent heWhi teset t
ler
sandt heAf ri
cans, hencedeathwas
i
nevi
tabl
e.
3.Afri
canshadbeendi sposedoft heirlandandwer eupi narms.Nj oroge’sancest
ral
l
andwast he
oneoccupiedbyMr sHi l
l,
hencehewasr eadyt odi etogett heland.
4.Hadt heboy,beenawar eofhi sbet r
ay altheywoul dhav ekill
edhim.Hencehewast o
di
e.
5.Hehadhi mselfmadeadeci siontot aket ot heforestatal at
erdat e
N/B -Getmor ei ll
ustrationsf rom theshor tst
ory
-Mar kany4wel lill
ustratedpoi ntsi.e.each3:3:3:3=12mks
- Concl usi
on: -showt hatbot htheAf r
icanandEur opeansv i
ewedeach
othersuspi ciouslyandt hathiscl osenesst oMr s.Hillwasnota
secur i
tyguar antee

16. Macmi ll
an(Ed.
)‘Hal
faDayandot
herst
ori
es’
Sai
daHagi
-Di
ri
eHer
zie‘
Agai
nstt
he
Pleasur
e
Pri
nci
ples’
.
 Wri
teacomposi ti
ontoshowt hatRahmaandotherwomendi dnotgothrough
cir
cumci
sionbut
femalegenit
almut i
l
ation.
Int
roducti
on(2mks)
-Showt hatci
rcumcisionhasitsbasi
sonreli
giousandheal
th.Showthatbasedon
the
stor
y,FemaleGenitalMut i
l
ati
on(FGM)abuseonwomen’ sli
feanddigni
ty

Content
- I
tisav erypai
nful process(whichmayatt imesberepeatedunl
ikeci
rcumcisi
on
- I
thasnobasi sinr eli
gion
- Thosethathav eunder goneithaveproblemsatti
meofgi vi
ngbirt
h
- I
tisdehumani zingtowomen
- Whattheyunder goi sunknowni notherpart
softheworldasithasnoscienti
fi
c
backi
ng
(
Anyfourpointswel l
ill
ustrat
ed3:3:3:
3=12mks)

Concl
usion:
ShowthatFGM present
smor
epr
obl
ems
Li
ngui
sti
cmar k(4mks)

17. Macmil
lan(
Ed)hal
fadayandotherst
ori
es.
“Powercorr
upt
sandabsol
utepowercorrupt
sabsol
utel
y”j
ust
if
ythisst
atementbasi
ng
y
ourargumentonSaidaHagiDi
riesst
ory“Gover
nmentbyMagicSpel
l”

(II
)DRAMA--SHREDSOFTENDERNESS
ANSWERS
1. Wr i
teacomposi t
ionshowi ngt heproblemscausedbywar
Intr
oduct ion
InAf ri
ca, mostoft hosewhof oughtf orindependencedi dnotbenef itfr
om thest r
uggle.
Fori nstance, i
nKey ahomeguar dsbenef i
tedmor ethanthef reedom f i
ghter
s
Cont ent
- Wakst r
uggl edt ol i
ber atethecount r
yf rom di ctat
orshipyethenev erbenefit
edf r
om it.
Instead, hesuf feredal otwhileinexile
- Odiewhocol laborat edwi ththedictatorialregi meinturnbenef i
ted.Hegr abs1500acr es
pieceofl and, theapar tmentandhel ivesinl uxuryasar esultofhi scloseassociation
witht her egime
- Katal i
kawei sami l
lionairedespitethef actthathenev erachievedmuchi nschool .He
boast sofhi smansi on,fl
eetofcar s,poul t
ryandadai ryfar
m e. t.
c.
- Thepol icef orcewhowor kedandsuppor t
edt hedict
atori
algov ernmentbenef it
edast hey
extor t
edmoneyt hr oughbr ibery
- Thedi ctatorialleaderbenef it
edf r
om hi sregimei .e.intr
adeacr osst heboar dergrabbed
skyscr aperof fi
cer se.t.c.
Acceptt hr eewel lil
lust r
atedpoi nt
s
4:4:4
Concl usi on

2. Writ
eanessayshowi
ngOdi
e’
sfeel
ingsandf
earstowar
dshi
sstepbrot
herWak.
Intr
oducti
on
Expect
Adefini
ti
onoff
ear
sandf
eel
ingsandageneral
stat
ementcapt
uri
ngfeel
i
ngsandf
ear
s
Body
(i
) Feel i
ngs
– OdiecallsWakasausageand baconretumeewho hasn’tasmuchasacowar dl
y
chi
mpanzee(p12)
– Odiecal
lsWakadeser ter
,tr
ait
or,
cowarde.t
.c
– HesaysthatWakshoul dbeshot(p13,
14)
– -hekeepsr epeat
ingt
hatWakisasepbr ot
herandnotar
eal
brot
her(
p13)

(i
i)Bit
ter
ness
-Hei sbi
ttert
hatWakhasescapedandl ef
tthem tofi
ghtandf aceallki
ndsofproblemsli
ke
queuingformil
kandsugarf orhoursonenddodgingroadblocksandt hr
eat
sofmur der
(p14)
Hei sbit
erthatt
hereturneeswi l
lbepaidfor
tydoll
arsforrehabil
itat
ion.Hefeel
st hatt
hey
tooshouldberehabi
l
itat
edf ortheprobl
emstheyhadtof ace–( p74/75)

Thr
eatened/
Ner vous
- Whenhei saccusedofput t
ingWak’ spict
ureint hepress,
hef eel
sthreat
enedandseesi t
asanat t
ackandbecomesdef ensi
ve‘Icouldbet hesamei fIhadbeeny ou’Odieputsthe
pict
ureint hepr essaf t
eronl yoney earofWak’ sdisappearance.Hegetssoner vous
whenWaki nsinuatesthatheknewaboutt hepicturehehadputi nthepapers(p120)
- Whenhel earnst hatWakknewt haheact uallybetray
edhim, hefeelsthr
eat
ened( p22)
- Odiestri
desov erthephoneanddi alsanumber–Heget spanickywhenhecannotget
thorughtotegener al
- Hedoesn’ tcomei ntermswi thther eal
it
yofWakknowi ngt hathehadbet r
ayedhim
(p132)andgoesi ntoatrancewher eheaddr esses.YourHighness

Jealous/Envi
ous
- Odi eisenviouswhenhei magineshimlooki
ngtr
im andwel
lpr
eser
ved( p18)
- Odi eisenviousoft hefor
tythousanddoll
arst
hatWaki st
ogetasr ehabil
i
tati
onmoney
(p74)
- Odi eisenv iousoft hecl
oser el
ati
onshi
pbetweenWakandSt el
la.Hesay sthathei
s
alwayslef
tout( p48)

(
i) Fear s
– Hefearsthatheisgoingtol oset heonet
housandf
ivehundr
edacresasWakisgoingto
cl
aim hi
spartofthei
nheritance( p20-
21)
– Hehadplanst ousethelandt it
ledeedtosecur
ealoanandhadmadeupt hestor
yabout
Wak’sdeathandtheradioannouncementsot hatSt
ell
awouldagr
eewithhi
m( p22)

(i
i)Dependence
-Hef earsthebr otherwoul dbeabur dent ohim.Hebi t
terl
ysayst hatWakusesal otoftoi
l
et
papers
andwat ersincehev i
sitstheloofiv
et i
mesadayandhadt oswi mi nabat htubtwi ceaday
(p112-113)Thismeanst hatmaintai
ningWakwoul dbeexpensi ve
-Hedoesn’ twantt ot akehi sbrandyashecl ai
msi tisveryexpensiveandt ell
sStell
at ogi
ve
him abeer( p54)
-Hest ateswi thfi
nali
tyt hatWakwi l
lnotbegi venanydinnerwhenhecomeshome( p12)
-Wakf eelst hatOdiet akeshim asabur denbecauseonhi sar r
ival,Odielooksathi s(Wak’
s)
l
uggagei ntenselyanddi smissesitasmeager .Heal sof eel
st hatOdi emusthav ebeen
cursi
ngunderhi sbreat h’Anotherbloodymout ht ofeedanot herbl oodyt hi
rsttoquench:
anotherbloody ..
..
.(p79)

Loyal
ty/at
tenti
on
- Hef earstol oseStell
a’
sloyalty
,devoti
on,att
enti
ontoWak( P48)Odi
eaccusesStell
aof
l
eavinghim outassheshar edsecret
swi t
hWakbef orehelef
t
-InWak’ sabsence,St el
laseemedt ohav etakenal i
kingforOdi
e.Now hef ear
sthathe
wouldlose heragai nt oWak( p42)“
Andy etIwishIhadsomeoneIcoul
dtrustcompl
etel
y”

Concl
usi
on
Maybeasummar yofthemai
npoi
ntsshoul
dal
sobeanopi
niononsuchf
eel
i
ngsandf
ear
s
i
ntroducti
on-
2
body- 12
conclusi
on2

3. Whenev ert hereist urmoi lthatleadst owar ,womenandy ounggirlssuf f

ermost.
Wr it
eacomposi tionshowi nghowt hi shappenst oSt el
l
a.
Intr
oduct ion
Lifeforref ugesi sv erydifficul
t. theyar epov er
tyst r
ickenandlivedepl orabl
econdi t
ions
Content i
)
Havenor i
ght ;t
heyar emani pulatedasapuppet .Arebl amedf orever
ything–mur der,bank
robber yet ctreatedast hirdrat ecit i
zenswhent heygol ooki
ngf orwor k
i
i)Associ at edwi t
hhungerandcheapl abournoonesomet i
mesneedst owork
i
ii)Womenar emi susedandabused( p81)
i
v )Refugeesar elonel yanduncer t
ainofwhatf ateli
esaheadoft hem ( p101-102)
v)Ref ugeesl iveunderf alsei l
l
usi ont hatthingsbackhomewi l
limpr ove
vi)Lackbasi cneeds- wat erf orbat hing.Theyst inkonecansmel ltheirsweatonemi le
away.
NB: -Expectany4wel lil
lustrat edpoint’
si.e.each3: 3:
3:3
Getmor ei ll
ustrationsfr om t heplay
Concl usion-Awar d( 2mks)f orr el
evantconcl usi
on

4. Il
lust
rat
ing your answer wi
th exampl
es f
rom “ Shr
eds of Tender
ness,
” wr
it
ea
composit
ion
enti
tl
ed,
“theprev
alenceofbet
ray
alinhumanr
elat
ionshi
ps.
”

Relevanti ntroduct i
on( 2mar ks)
-Conf irmat i
onoft hestat ementgivene. gBetrayal i
squi t
epr evalenti
nhuman
rel
ations.
Anumberoft imes, peoplegoagai nsttheexpect ationsoft heircounter
part
s.Any
otherr elevantintr
oduct i
oni sacceptable
Body
i. Pol iti
cal leader shav ebetrayedthemasswhoexpectgoodl eadership.Theyare
dictatorialandbr ut
al
i
i. St ellabet raysherbr other,Odi ewhosuf feredatthehandsoft hemi li
tarymenby
befriendingmaj orgener alAliwhomur deredtheirfather
i
i
i. Odi ebet raysSt ell
abyusi ngt hetrustshehadonhi mt olietohert hatWaki sdeadand
thatt heyshoul dtakethepr opertythathasbeenl eftforwor k
i
v. Odi ebet raysWakbyr eporti
nghi mt otheSRB.Her epor t
st hatWaki splanni
ngto
sensi ti
zepeopl eondemocr acywi thhistalk.
v. Odi ebet rayst hemassesbyr eporti
ngthent oSRB (
4x3=12
mar ks)

Conclusi
on 2marks
Languageandpr
esent
ati
on 4marks
TOTAL 20marks

5. Incaseofpoli
ti
cal
tri
bul
anceinacountr
y,thosewhoremai
n(i
nthecount r
y)suf
feras
muchast hosewhoseekref
ugeelsewhere.Wri
teacomposi
ti
ontoil
lustr
atethi
s
assert
ionbasi
ngyourar
gumentonJohnRuganda’s‘Shr
edsofTenderness.
’

Thosewhor emain.
(i
)–Insecuri
ty–Therearear
bit
rar
yarrests.Odi
eisarr
est
edf orgoingtoaskfort
he
bodyofhis
lat
efatherforbur
ial
.Pepei
sreport
edt otheaut
hori
ti
esforhavingspotonthe
 presi dent ’s por t
rait.
Daudi isal sor eportedt otheSRBaf terhisdogal legedlybarksatt hepr esi
dent i
al
Mot
orcade.
Odi e’sf at heri sshotandki ll
ed.
School girlsandnunsar er apedbysecur ityforceswhoshoul dprov idesecur i
tyto
Theci tizens.
(i
i)–Poor / rundowneconomy .Peopl elackbasi cneedsi nlife.Medi cines/drugsar enot
avai lablei nhospi talswhi charepoor l
ymanagedsi ncemostpr of
essi onalshav erunf or
theirFoodi sscar ce.Peopl egoday sonandwi thoutapr opermeal .Odi eisreluctantto
shar eameal wit
hwor kbecausei t’sscar ce.
Wat erisal soscar ce.Odi eiscompl aini
ngaboutt hesecur i
tyandt hepr oblem ofhav i
ng
enoughf oranext ra mout h.
(i
ii)–Peopl el ackf r
eedom ofmov ementsi ncet hereisacur few.Fr eedom ofexpr essi
on
i
sal sol imi tedast hoseseen/ t
houghtt obecr it
ical ofthegov ernmentar earrested.
Duet oi nsecur i
tyschool i
nghasbeeni nterrupted.St el
l
awasi mpr egnat edaf terther ape
ordeal andwashospi tal
izedf orthreemont hs.
(
iv) Peopl ear estressedsomucht otheext endofgoi ngmental .Odiei ssandt ohav egone
t
o
hospi tal duet oament albreakdown.
 Thosewhor emain
 Thosewhof l
eet oforeigncount ri
es.

(i)–Sexual harassment .DrRugendanst akalil

eti
ruganskaishar assedbypol i
ceof f
icer
s
whoask
herforsexualf avour s.Mal eref
ugeesar eabused(uncircumci seddogs)andt heir
lover elationshipswi ththewomani s quest i
oned.
(ii
)–Ther eisdi scri
minat i
onbasedonr eli
gion.AMusl i
mr efugeei snotwelcomei na
CampofChr i
stianr ef
ugees.TheUNHCRi sbi asedwhendeal i
ngwi thref
ugees
Basedonr ace.TheUNHCRf avoursEuropeanr efugesandi slessconcer nedwith
Refugeesi nAf r
icancount ri
es.
(ii
i)-Basi cneedsar escar ce.Foodandwat erarerati
onedf orrefugeesi nt
hecamps.
(iv)–Jobsar escar cef orr efugees.Thosewhogetempl oy edareunder pai
d.Ref ugees
areaccused
ofhav ingpl underedt heeconomyoft hehostcount ry
.
(v)-Ref ugeesf acerejectionbot hathomeandi nthecount ryofrefuge.WhenWak
comesback
homehei sv i
ewed wi thsuspici
on.Odi edoesnotwel comeWakback.
(vi)–Ref ugeesf aceunspeci fi
eddanger swhi l
eont herune. gattackbywi l
danimal s,
Col d,rain,
goi ngwi thoutfoodet c.

N.B-Thecandidat
eshoul
dhavepoi
ntsf
oreachoft
het
wogr
oupsi
.et
hosewhol
eftt
he
country
andal
sothosewhoremai
ned–@ 6mks.

I
nst
ructi
ons.
- Int
roducti
on–2mks.
- 2wi l
li
ll
ustr
atedpoint
sfort
hosewhor
emained–6marks(2x3)
- 2wi l
li
ll
ustr
atedpoint
sfort
hosewhol
eft -6mar
ks(2x3)
- Language–4mar ks
- Conclusi
on–2mar ks

6. Drawingil
lust
rat
ionsfr
om JohnRuganda’
s‘Shr
edsofTenderness’
,wri
teanessayin
supportofthi
sstatement
:“JohnRugandahassuccessf
ull
yusedthestyl
epl
aywithi
na
playi
nhisbookShr edsoftender
ness”
 Poi
nts:
-
Hehassucceededi nusi
ngthesty
leplaywithi
naplayt
oenhancepl
ot
-
Atthebeginni
ngOdieandStel
lasl
ideintosubj
ectl
eaderr
ole(
1mk)
-
Odietal
kstosenioronphone(1mk)
-
Odieactsasconstabl
eandWakashi sbossandStell
aactsasaref
ugee(
1mk)

 Thest y
lehasal sobeenusedsuccessf ull
ytodev elopthecharactertrait
softhe
var
iouschar act
ers
-AsOdieact sasconst abl
e,hi
scharactertr
aitisbroughtoutasbei ngdi ctat
ori
al,
cruel
,
author
itati
ve(1mk).
whenheact sasthepol ice,heispor t
rayedascr uelandi mmor al
-WhenWakact sast heboss,hischaract
ertraiti
sbroughtoutasi mmor alandcruel(1mk)
-WhenSt el
laactsast herefugee,hercharactertrai
ti sbroughtoutasabusi ve(1mk)she
cal
lsWak andOdi eassni f
fingli
keadogonheat

 Pl aywi thi
napl ayi susedt odev elopthemes
-Thet hemeofbet rayali
sbr oughtoutwhenOdi ecall
saseniorgover
nmentof
ficerand
gives
infor
mat i
onaboutWak’ sl
ectureondemocr acy
(1mk)
-Thethemeofi mmor ali
tyishighli
ghtedasOdi eactsast hepol
iceandWakactsast he
bossandbot hoft hem ar eportrayedasbei ngi
mmor al(
1mk)
-Thethemeofdi ctatorshi
pishighlightedasOdietheconstabl
edi
ctat
eter
ms(1mk).Wakthe
bossi s
al sodict
atori
al(1mk)

 Pl aywi thi
nplayhasbeenusedsuccessf ul
lytodev elopotherst yl
es
-WhenOdi eactsaani nf
ormedonWak, hesay sWakgi vesal ect
ureabout
boss(leader )
sell
i
ngst aplefoodt osout
hAf ri
ca,hasbui l
tasky scraperandcarri
edout
slave.thi
sbr i
ngsi r
onyasast y
le.Thestatementsaidi sir
onicaloftheboss.
-Thest yl
eAl l
egoryisbr oughtoutwhent hechar acterareusedt or epr
esentv
irt
ueand
vice,for exampl eWakst andsforcowar di
ce(1mk) ,
Stell
ast andsforpeacemaki ng(
1mk)
-Humouri shi ghl
ight
edast hecharact
ertakestheirdif
ferentroles

Poi
nts:
Int
roducti
on-2mks
Languageandpr
esent
ati
on-
4mks
Welli
ll
ust
rat
espoi
nt-
4mks
Conclusi
on-2mks

7. Withcl
oser
efer
encet
othepl
ay‘
Shr
edsofTender
ness’
,showwhyt
het
it
leoft
he
texti
sasui
tabl
eone.

I
ntroducti
on
Thet er
m‘ Shredsoftenderness’si
mplymeanslackofgentl
enessorcar
ewhendealing
withsomeoneorsomet hing.Itimpli
eslackofl
oveforone’
sneighbour
.(Consi
derany
othercontext
uali
zedorgener ali
ntr
oduct
ion)

Theti
tle‘shredsoft enderness’ i
sappr opriatebecause:
- Thepl ayexpl oresOdi e’
sl ackoft endernesst owardhi sbrotherWak.Odi ebetrayshimt o
theSRBandi sreadyt ofakeWak’ sdeat h,andevenput shi sobituaryinthepaper s,
justto
inheri
tt heirf
ather ’
sproper t
yalone.
- BringsoutOdi e’slackoft endernesst owar dshissister,
St el
la.Het reatsherv er
yroughly
andi sinsensitivetoherf eeli
ngs.
- Thepl ayexpl oresSt ell
a’
sl ackoft ender nesstowar dsherf ather.Shei shavinganaf fai
r
withMaj orGener alAli
,whosi gnedherf ather
’sdeathwar rant.
- Thepl ayexpl oresl ackoft endernessint hewayr efugeesar ereatedi nt
heirhostcount r
y
 byev er yone,i ncludi ngt hesweeper s,thepol i
ceandt heirprofessionalcol l
eagues.They
insultthem andmi streatt hem ev endeny i
ngt hem basi chumanr i
ghts.
- Thepl ayexpl oresl ackoft ender nessbyOdi e’sfather.Heopenl yfavouredWakandSt el l
a
ast heywer egr owi ngupwi thoutcaringOdi e’sfeel
ingsandev endi si
nherit
sOdi eforno
goodr eason.Thi sisi nspi t eofOdi ebei ngol derthanWak.
- Thepl ayexpl or est hel ackoft endernessbyt hesoldierswhor aidedSt ell
a’sschooland
brutalizedt henunsandt hest udents.Thi si sinspi teoft heirpr ofessiont hatrequi res
them t opr otectsuchper son.
- Thepl ayal soex plor est hel ackoft ender nessbyt hest ateaut horit
iest owar dst he
citi
zens.Thi sisdemonst r
at edi nOdi e’
sexper i
ment s.Thest ateisunconcer nedabout
theirpl i
ghtanddeaft ocr issoft heciti
zens.
- -Thepl ayexpl oresl ackoft endernesst owar dst hosewhoar ecomi ngbackf rom refuge.
Thosewhor emai nedi nt hecount rytreatthem wi t
hdi sdainandmakei tdiff
icultforthem
toset tledown.
- concl usion:JohnRugandahassuccessf ul
lypr esent edtot her eaderasoci etywithout
love.Thepl ay ersi nt het exthandl eandmi st r
eateachot herroughl yportrayingasoci ety
ont hebr i
nkofcol lapse.
(Intr
oduct i
on–02mks,concl usion02mks,Gr ammar04mks,cont ent12mksi .e.3
x4pt
s)

8. I
magi nethatyourschool
hasorganizedajoi
ntdebatewhosemotioni
s:“
Mil
it
aryt
ake
overshouldnotbegivenanyr
oom i nthi
smill
enni
um.”Proposet
hismoti
onusi
ng
i
ll
ustrat
ionsfr
om JohnRuganda’s‘ShredsofTender
ness’

INTRODUCTI ON 2MARKS
Mr ./madam speaker ,honour ablemember ,Iwi
shtopr oposethemot ion.ami l
i
tar
y
takeov ersisthef orcefulchangeofgov ernmentthroughov ert
hrowinganel ect
ed
gov er
nment .itistherulebyt hegunandi nmanycauset heconstit
uti
onis
alway s/suspendedt oopenwayf ordict
atorshi
porjunglelaw.Themi l
itarybuff
oons
headingt heJant aareknownt orundownacount r
yleavingitt
ot hedogs.
Gener alappr oach
Expectanyot herrel
etantintroduct
ion.
Whatacoupi sandi t
sdest ructi
venatureshouldbecaptured
.
debat ing
Appr oachaccepted
Par l
i
ament ary

CONTENT
M i
)Ci ti
zenf leet heircount ry
Citi
zensar ef orcedt oseekr ef ugei nforeigncountri
eswher etheyarefacedwith
dif
ficult
ies- humi l
iati
on, degradat ion,sexual har
assment .
Anexampl eisWak, whost raysi naf oreigncountryasar efugeefor10yearawhen
hislif
ewasi ndanger .
i
i)Mayhem
Thesol dier skillandr apei .
e.5doct or
sar ekill
edonor dersofMaj orGeneralAlietc.
Stell
a’sschool i
sst ormedbyt hepl at
oonofGener alAliandherandot hergirl
s,
andnunsar er aped.Shei sev eni mpregnat ed.
Mii
i)breakingdownofsoci alstructures
Inf
rastruct uref acil
it
iesar einshambl es-roadsbombed, mar ketstal
lsdestr
oyed,
Stell
ahast odr opoutofschool .
Miv)di
sconnect ionoff ami l
yties
Fami l
iesbondsandt iesar eaf fectedasmember scannol ongerstayasoneuni t
-
walkgoesi ntoexi l
e,theirfatherki l
led.mot hersi
ckinhospi tal
.
Mv )shor t
ages.
Basiccommodi tieslack-sugar ,mi l
k,beer ,t
oil
etpaperet careinshortsupply
Hospi t
al l
ackv accines.
 Mv
i)corruptionandgr abbi ngofst ateresources
Kat al
ikawe, aschool dropouti simmensel yr
ichowni ngat ouristhoteletc.
throughgr abbi ng
Odi egr abst hef ami lyest ate.
Bossi saccusedofacqui ringasky scraperet c
Mv
ii
)fear/ i
nsecur i
ty.
Wakf leesduet ofearf orhi sl i
fe
Citi
zensar enotsur eoft hef uture–candi eanytime.
Odi efear swak’ sretur nashehasi ll
egallyacquiredt hef amilyestate.
Mv
ii
i)Torture.
Odi eisphy sicall
yt orturedwhenhegoest oclaimt hebodyoft hef ather-
tortur
e
mar ksar eleftonhi sbody , scaront hef aceandgoescr azy.
Expectf ourar easmar k3: 3:3:3=12
Thecandi datemustt iethedest r
uctivenat ur
eofami li
taryregimet othef actthat
itshoul dnott herefor ebegi venroom i nthemi l
lemi un/age.
Concl usi on=2mar ks
Mr ./Mr s.Speakeri nconcl usi on,andi nv i
ewoft hepoi nt sadvance, nowor ld
leadershoul dt oleratemi litar ydictator
shi pasitishar mf ultosociety.
Thanky ou.

9. Drawingy ouril
l
ustrati
onsfrom JohnRuganda’ s‘ShredsofTender ness’,wri
teanessay
supporti
ngt hestatement“Betrayali
nhumanr elationshipsl
eadtot hesuf f
eri
ngofboth
thebetrayedandt hebetray
er ”
.
Int
roducti
on:
Thecandi datemaygi vearelevantgeneral
orcont extuali
zedint
roduction.The
i
ntroducti
onmayal sobebot hgeneralandcontextualized.
Afulli
ntroducti
onscor es2mar kswhil
eaf ai
ronescor esonemar k.

Cont
ent
i
)Odiebetr
aysWaktotheSRBp130- 132
-
Waksuffersasaref
ugee
-
Odiesuff
ersgui
l
tandismentali
tytr
aumati
zed.Het
akesr
efugeesi
nexper
iment
s
-
Odieist
ortur
edbythesecur
it
yforces

i
i)OdieaccusesStel
l
aofbet rayi
ngthei
rdeadf at
herbybefr
iendi
ngMaj
orGener
alAl
i
,the
man
whosignedthei
rfat
her’
sdeat hwarrantp29-32.
-
Stell
acri
eswhenOdi eremindsherifthisrel
ati
onshi
pp31
-
Stell
afatherwon’
thavesufferedhadhel ear
ntoftherel
ati
onshi
p.

i
i
i)Odi
ebet
ray
edhi
sfat
hert
otheSRB.Odi
ewhol
ovesal
l
iter
ati
onswr
ote“
Pepespaton
t
he
pr
esidenti
alpor
traiti
napubl i
cbarp125
-
duetot hisbet
ray
al,Odie’sfat
heriski
ll
ed.
-
Odiemusthav esuf f
eredfrom gui
ltashetr
iest
okeephi
sinv
olv
ementsecr
et.
-
Odieislikel
ytosufferforhi
sbetrayalp134

i
v)Ref
ugeesar
ebet
ray
edbyt
hehosti
nst
eadofbei
ngaccept
ed.Theyar
eter
medt
hir
d
r
ate
man-cit
izens al
way sassociatedwit
hhunger
,depr
ivat
ionandcheapl
abour
.Pg80-
83
-
Waksuf f
er sasarefugee
-
Dr.Rugendosuffersasar efugee
-
hostsli
keMr .nofear,Mr.Farenalsosuf
fer
s.

v)Odief
eel
sbetrayedbyStel
la,hissist
er,
foraccepti
ngandsuppor
ti
ngWak,
thei
rhal
f-
brot
her. “
….shari
ngsecret
st ogether,
schemingtogether
,al
waysl
eavi
ngmeout
.AsifI
 weren’ty
ourmother’
sson.
”p49
“
Iwoul dhavepukedwhenIsawt
het woofyout
oast
ingandhuggi
ngeachot
herl
i
ke
f
renziedbaboonsinadi
onysi
act
rancep23

-Duetothi
ssupposedbet ray
albyStel
laOdi
esuff
ersloneliness
-towar
dstheendoft heplayStel
l
asuffer
sasshetri
est omakeupt oOdieandsav ehi
m
from prominentpunishment.Shepleadswi
thWakt oshowOdi etender
ness:
“Ican’
tbeli
evethis(desperatepl
ea)Wak,dosomethingplease.Youmaynot ….butyou
can’tl
etour………itdoesnooneanyhar mtoshowsomet enderness”pg133

Conclusion
Arelevantconclusionf
oll
owinglogi
cal
lyf
rom t
hecont
ent
.Af
ull
concl
usi
onscor
est
wo
markswhi l
eafaironescoresonemark.
Summar y
Mark3: 3:3:
3=12
Grammar4mar ks
I2/2 S- ]12/12 G4/4 C2/ 2=20marks

10. Writ
eacomposi ti
ononhow t heaut horhasdi spl
ay edt hef emalechar acterint he
soci
ety
.
RefertoJohnRuganda’ s“ Shr edsofTender ness. ”
Introduction
- Canbegener al
- Canbespeci fic
i)Shei sdi gnified
-Stell
apr esidesov ert heel ections.Theel ecti
onsar efreeandf airpp59–60
ii
)Shei sauni fyingagent
-Stell
at ri
est or econci leOdi eandWakwhenhecomesbackf rom exil
e.Shekeeps
remi
nding
himt hatWakhi sbr ot herpp15, 16, 23
ii
i)Theyar ecar i
ng/mot herly/wel comi ng/hospi table
- WhenWakcomesbackf r
om exile,Stell
awel comeshi m home-t heyhugone
another ,sheof fershi m adr i
nkpp53, 54
- I sconcer nedaboutOdi e.Sher eali
zest hatshehasbeenbehav ingst rangel
y .
Heneedsapsy chiatrist
iv)Subjectofsexual har assment
- Maj orGener alAliandhi splatoonat t
ackSt ella’
sschool .Theyrapet hegi r
ls
andt henuns.St ellaisl eftpregnant ,woundedandadmi t
tedinhospi tal
- f emal er efugeesar ehar assedbyt hepol iceof f
icers
v)Theyar edegr adedi nsoci ety
Odiesay s“ Ihatewhenpeopl eshoutespeci al
lywheni tisawomansi st
erornosi st
er
Expectdet ail
s
Acceptanyot herr elev antpoint
Mar k 3: 3: 3: 3
Concl usion
- Canbegener al
- Canbeasummar yofhi spoi nts

11. Wri
teanessayonthepli
ghtofwomeni
nacount
ryunderci
vi
lst
ri
fe.Ref
ert
oJohn
Rugandas’
ShredsofTender
ness

i
)Int
roduct
ion:I
ncountr
iesunderci
vi
lst
rif
e.Ther
eisusual
lyal
mostcomplete
breakdownof
lawandorder.I
nsuchcircumst
ances,
iti
sthewomenwhosuf fermoste.g.i
ncount
ries
such
asSomali
a,theDRC,Uganda,Chadandmorerecent
lyKenyaaf
tert
hedisputed2007
gener
al
el
ect
ion,
womensuf
fer
edmost
.

Body
i
i)For cedmar ri
ages: -( Pg15)–St ell
ar ecount st hepr obl emst hatwomen/gi r
lsgo
t
hrough
E.g.f or cedmar ri
ages
NB: Thesuf feringt hatst ay eswentt hr oughi .
e.f or cedmar ri
ages
i
ii)Rapes/sexual abuse: -
- St ellaandot herst udent sandnunsar er apeddur ingar aidt ot heschool /
conv ent( pg31)
- St ellaisi njur edandhospi tali
zedf or3mont hs
- St ellaconcei v es/becomespr egnant
- Odi edescr ibesSt ella/ot herst udent saspi teouswhi mper ingf orlif
e
Sexual har assment( pg88-96)
-Womenasr ef ugeesar ehar assedt heysuf fere. g.Dr .
Rugandahast oliethatshe
has
HI V/AI DSt oescapef rom t hej awsoft hesol di ersatt hebor derwhowantsexual
fav our s( pg81)-Quot e
“I
fy ouar eawomanev erybl i
nkingi diotwant st opawy ou”
- Womenar esexual lyv ulnerabl e
i
v )Degr adat ion/v er bal abuse/humi l
i
at i
on: -
- Fr om secur ityagent s, andi mmi grat i
onof f
icials( pgs81/ 89)
- Pg88–St ellar efer st ot hesni ffingof f i
cialsas“ dogsonheat ”
- Thewomen/f emal er efugeesasr eferredtot heder ogator ymanneri .e.
tor nadoofst ench( pg88)t heyar esai dt obesmel l
y.
v)Assaul t:
-
-Womenar eof tenphy sicallyassaul ted( pg11)bymenbecauset heyar eweak
phy sically
E.g.whenSt ellat riest ost opOdi ef rom per for mi ngt heexper i
ment s(Shewant s
to
smasht hej ar s) ,Odi egr absherf i
st sandt hrowsherv iol
ent lytot hegr ound.
Violence
i
smet edont hewomen.
vi)Inher itance: -
- Asf arasi nher i
tancei sconcer ned, women/gi rlsar edi scrimi natedagai nst.
Not hingi sbequeat hedt oSt el l
a.Shei nher it
snoneofherf ather’
spr operty.
- NB: ItisWakandOdi ef ighti
ngov erpr operty( pg20) .
(Quot ep20)
“………………….Ast henextofki n,Odi east henextmal er elati
vey oust oodt o
benef it……. .
vii
)Abandonment :
- Of tenwomenar el eftl onely/becomebr eadwi nner swhenhusbandsf l
eeas
ref ugeese. g.Wak’ sf ami l
ysuf f er
vii
i)Vi ctimsoff ami lybr eak- ups/r iv
alries
- St ellaiscaught /t or nbet weent het wof i
ghtingbr othersi .e.WakandOdi e.As
shet riest opaci fyt hem, sheget shur t.Shesuf fersphy sicallyandemot i
onall
y
Concl usi on: -
I
ti sf r
om t hef orgoi ngt hatwomenar et hegr eatestsuf fer s.Ther efor eci vi
lstri
feshoul d
beav oidedandwomenshoul dpl ayagr eat err ol
ei nensur ingt hatpeaceandst abili
ty
prev ail
s.
NB: Anyot herr elevantconcl usi ont orecapt hemai nar gument (Award
2
/2mk s)

Body
Expectanyf
ourwel
li
ll
ust
rat
edpoi
ntsf
orpl
i
ghtofwomeni
nacount
ryunderci
vi
lst
ri
fe.
 Mark3: 3: 3:
3=12
2
I
ntroduct
ion / 2
Bodycontent12/ 12
4/
Grammar 4
Concl on2/
usi 2

12 Writ
eanessayoni r
oni esinShr edsofTender nessusi ngatl east4i ll
ustrati
onsofirony
 Intr
oduct i
on–I ronyist odot heopposi t eofwhati sexpect ed
 Odiepr esent shi msel fasaggr ievedbyt hef actt hatWakhadf l
edt hecount ryf
orheisa
greatpat r
ioty ethei stheonewhof or cedhi mt of l
eeaf t
erhehadbet rayedhi mtothe
dictatorialregimet hatr ul
edt hecount ryt hen
 Ther eisadr amat icironywhenOdi er e- enact sinasor tofr everi
ehi searli
er
conv ersat i
onwi tht heMaj orGener al Ali ofthest ateResear chBur eauint hepresence
ofWak.I tisi nthatconv ersationt hathet oldonhi sbr otherWak.Hesai dthatWakwas
i
nv olvedi nact ivi
ti
est hatopposedt heoppr essivegov ernmentoft hetimeandhewas
aboutt opr esentat alkthatwoul dsett hepeopl eagai nstthemi l
itarygov ernment
 Ther eIal sodr amat icir
onyi nt heactofsol dierssentt oarrestWak.Theycomeacr oss
him andunawar ethatitishimt hatt heyar el ookingf or,theyaskhi mt odi r
ectthem t
o
himsel f.Asar esult,helearnst hathei sbei ngsoughtandmi sleadst hem andf l
ees

 Thereisverbali
ronyinOdie’
swor dsafterStell
aasksWakwher ehehasbeenandOdi e
i
ntersect
ssay i
ngsarcasti
cal
lythathewasser vi
ngt henat
ionandthatreturneesar
e
i
tchingtoreconcil
e,r
econstr
uctandr ehabili
tat
e
 I
tisironi
calthatOdiewhokeepst ry
ingt ohumi l
iat
eWakbypor tr
ay i
nghim asaf ai
lur
e
i
nchaost hatrockedthecountryi
sonewhoendsupbei ngembarrassed.Itispr
oved
thathewasat r
ait
orandwasr esponsibleforthetroubl
esthatWakhadwi ththe
governmentandwhi chfor
cedhi mtof l
eeforhi sli
fe.

NB.Credi
tshouldbegi vent owelli
ll
ust
rat
edpointsandrel
evance
 Mark4point
sof4: 4:4:4(16)forwel
lful
l
yill
ustr
atedpoi
nts
 Award2mar ksforintroduct
ionand2mar ksforconcl
usi
on

13. “ Odieishisownenemy ”
.Wr it
eacomposi t
iontovali
datethetr
uthofthi
sstat
ementi
n
rel
ati
on
toShredsofTenderness
I
ntroduct
ion:
Odiegoesthroughmanypr oblemse.g.i
nsecur
ityi
.e.f
eel&hisl
if
eisindanger
,hahas
beentort
uredbefor
ebeingalcoholi
candot her
s.Manyofhi spr
edicamentsar
esel
f
i
mpusedduet ohi
sbehaviourorwhathedoes.

-Whil
ehi sf atherwasalivehedidrptr
elat
ewellwit
hhim
-Hefailedi nhisstudi
esunl i
keWak-
—Hemi susedf amil
yproperty
-Hecheat edthatWaltwasdeadandar rangedamockf uner
al,
-Hewasar r
estedandt ort
uredforgi
vi
ng‘misl
eadi
ng’i
nformationespeci
all
ywhenWak
escaped
(4x3mar ks12. mks)
Conclusion.-
Candidatemusti ndi
catethatOdiewoul
dnotheashei swereitnotforwhathasbeen
discussed
Language-Gr ammar ,present
ati
on(par
agraphi
ng)andcohesion•.

14. I
ll
ust
rat
ingy
ouranswerwi
thexampl
esf
rom Shr
edsofTender
ness,wr
it
ean
 essayent
it
led“
Thepi
vot
alchar
act
ert
rai
tsoft
heGi
rlchi
l
d.”

Thepi votal r
oleoft hegi r
l child
Intr
oduct i
on:Agi rlchi l
dpl ay sapi vot alr oleinsoci etyasshei snotonl ywel comi ng,l
ov i
ng,
car
ing
andwar mi nherappr oacht oi ssuebutsheal sor econci l
eswar ingf ami l
y
member s
e.
g.t hewaySt ellahandl est heOdi eWakconf l
ict.
Cont ent:Rol eofthegi rlchild–St ella
(i)Wel comi ng( Accomodat ing/ concer ned/caring)
–Wel comesWak
–Gi v esWakf ooddespi teOdi e’sprot ests
(ii
)Lov ing–Shei ronical lylov esWakmor ethanshel ov esherr eal brot herOdie.
-Shel ov esMaj orGener alAl iregardlessoft henegat i
vet hingsassoci atedwi th
him.
(ii
i)Womenexer ci ser est r
ai nt.Asagi r
lof f
icer ,Stell
ar esistsat tempt stoki l
ltheQueen
mot her
sayingt hatshei sawomanl ikeher .
(iv)Womenar eal sor econci li
at or sandv oi
cesofr easonast heypl ayr econcil
iatoryroles
at
moment sof cr isis/ conf li
ct s.
(v)Womenar eal sosel flessi nagenui necompet i
tionSt el
ladecl inestogof orthe
chai rmanshi pin
thepr imergameand v ot esf orWakassher egar dshi m awor t
hycompl eti
on
regar dlessofnot
beingabl oodbr ot her.
(v i
)-Womenar eknownf orneut rality
-Shedef endsWakagai nstaccusat ionaboutbet rayal from Odi e
-Sheal sodef endsOdi ewhenWakal mostshothi m
(anyot herr elev antpoi ntscanbeaccept ed.)
Concl usi on–t osum upagi rlchi l
dr eallypl aysacr ucialrol ei nthesoci et
ysince
without
St ellat herewoul dhav ebeenat otaldi sintegr ationoft hisextended
familyoft hel ateMi nisterf ort our ism.
(Acceptany4wel l i
llustrat edpoi nts)
(3+3+3+3=12mks)
Mar king
Introduct i
on–2mks
Concl usion–2mks
Gr ammar–4mks

15. Odi e’
sfatherisanepit
omeofanAf r
icanman.Discuss.
(20mks)
 Hei smaterial
ist
ic–hadavastland.
 Malechauv ini
st–Doesnotall
ocateStel
laanyi
nherit
ance.
 Discri
minative–HelikesWakbecauseheiseducated.

16. Usingi
ll
ust
rat
ionsf
orm JohnRuganda;
“Shr
edsofTender
ness”Wr
it
eacomposi
ti
onand
showthatsi
bli
ngri
val
ryisdanger
ous

I
nt r
oduction (
2mks)
Rival
ryistheconfli
ctthatexistbetweentwobr ot
her
sasshowni
nthepl
ay‘
shr
edsof
tenderness’(
Acceptanyv ali
dintroduct
ion)
Content:12mks
1.Ther eiscompet i
ti
ont ooutdoeachot her
2.Leadst obreakupoff amili
es
 3.Peoplekil
leachot her
4.Resourcese.g.f amil
yproper
tyarewastedwhil
etheycoul
dhav ebeenusedi
nabet
ter
way
5.Leadstobetray al
 Geti l
l
ust rati
onsfr
om theplay
 Any4poi ntswellil
l
ustr
atedeach-3+:3+3+3=12mks
 Showt hatifherehadbeennor i
val
ry,
Wakandhi ssi
bli
ngswouldbehavi
nga
bet
terlif
et hanwhattheycurr
entl
yhavedespit
ethewar.

17. Writeacomposi tionshowingt heproblemscausedbywar

I
nt r
oduct i
on: (2mks)
- Candi dat et oshowpossi blecausesofware. g.misrul
eandhi
ntatpossi
blepr
obl
ems
l
ikel
yt oar ise
Contents: (12mks)
- Ref ugeepr oblemscauseswar
- Negl ectbyt hei nternati
onalcommuni tyi
ncl
udingUNHCRcauseswar
- Insecur i
tyf oral lpeoplewhet herr ef
ugeesornotcauseswar
- Deat hcanspar kwar
- Separ ation/br eakupoff amil
iescancausewar
- Rev engei sl ikelyonbot hv i
ctorsandv ict
imsofatr
ocit
ies
- Dest ructionofpr opert
ycauseswar
- ( Any4poi nts: 3:3:3:
3)
Conclusion:
Showt hatwari snotasol utiontopr oblemsinanycountr
y
Li
nguisticmar k: 4mar ks

(I
II
)THENOVEL
VELMAPOLLARD’
S:HOMESTRETCH

1. Usi
ngi
l
lust
rat
ionsf
rom Vel
maPol
l
and’
s‘Homest
ret
ch’
,wr
it
eanessayont
hepr
obl
ems
a
Blackper soni slikelyt oencount erwhilei nAmer i
caandEngl and (20mks)
Introduct ion
Ther ear ethingst hatmakebl ackpeopl etoleadhar d,painfulandmi serablelives
inBr itainandUSA.Thesei ncluder aci
alprejudice,j
obf r
ust r
ati
on, l
oneli
ness, harsh
weat hercondi t
ions, over wor kingamongot hers.
Il
lustrations
Racial prejudi ce/hat r
ed
- TheEngl ishj obmar ketf rust r
atedBr endabecauset hewhi t
eshav eonlymopandbr ooms
(groundf l
ooor )foranybl acknomat terhoweducat edhe/shei s.Shesay s,“Theymade
myuppersecondf eel l
ikesawdusti nmyhands”
- Toescapet hef rustrati
onsoft hej obmar ket
,Brendabeggedt heheadofEngl ishtot ake
herinf oramast ersinEngl ish
Jobf rust rations
- Blacksar emadet ol owert heirjobexpect ati
ons
- Edith’sf ri
end, whohadt hesamet eacherqualifi
cationssEdithisnothi redimmedi ately
,
soeconomi cnecessi t
yf orceshert odoananny ’sjobt aki
ngcar eofpeopl esbabies
- Similarly,Dav i
d’scar pent ryskillsar enotusef ulabroad.Hei sfor cedtowor kinaf actory
Humancol dness/l ackofsoci al company
- Ther eist oomuchsuf fer i
ngt hatmakespeopl etoloset hei
rsenses.Forexampl e,too
muchsuf feringmakesbl ackf act orywor kersnottobot hertorespondt oeachot her’s
greetings
 Disill
usi onment /despai r
- Dav idlef thomeexpect ingsomet hi
ngnewandexci ti
nginhi snewpl ace-butheis
exploited/sappedf or30y ear s
- Hef eel sbone-deept irednessaf terleavingEngl and
- Mor eov er ,hesuf fer sast r okeweeksbef oreher eturnstoJamai ca
- Hei sr etiringbuthasnot hi ng–hi s30y ear shav ebeenwast ed.Hesay s,“I
snottwo
penceofl ifeov ert her e,y ouknow, ”
Differenteducat i
onsy stemsi nEngl andandAmer i
ca
- Ay oungbl ackwomanhaspr oblemsadj ust i
ngt oschool l
ifeinAmer icaandEnglandfor
exampl eBr endai spl acedi ngr adeni ne
- Shehast ogot hroughdi agnost icandpl acementt ests
- Brendaandot herst udent swer eputi nthehomer oom, t
hishasanegat i
veimpactonher
school wor k
Dehumani zingl if
e:
- Dav idfeel st hathehadgonet oEnglandt obecomeachi l
dagai nbecausehef el
toutof
place-t aki ngor der si nt hef actorieswhi l
eathome( WestIndies)Dav idwasamast erof
himsel f
Extremel ycol dweat her :
- Dav idfoundi tdiffi
cul tt ol ear ntodr esscl othesf ort hecoldEngl ishweat her
- Dav idal sof oundi tdi ffi
cul tl earningtosav ecoi nsf ortheheat erbecauset hepit
tancehe
earnedwasnotenought obuyaheat er
Ov erwor king
- Dav idsuf f
er sst r
okeaf terbei ngov erwor kedf or30y ears
- Theshockofr eti
ringhav ingacqui r
edpr acticallynot hi
nginEngl andcausedt hestroke
- Hewor kedf orlongt iri
nghour s
- Simi l
arly ,blacknur sesar eoppr essedi nAmer ica
- Nightdut yf orday sonendi swhatAmer i
can’shav ewai t
edf orbl acknurses

2. I ll
ust
rat
ingyouranswer
swithexampl
esfrom Homest
ret
chwr
it
eanessayonhowany
t
hree
womenofferhel
ptoBrendai
nthefor
eigncountr
y.

(i)Mr sSaul *MNY*

-Herunder st
andi ngnat ureiswellportrayeddur i
ngt hisv isi
tf orshegi v
est hechildrena
chancet ospeakaboutt heircountryandt ost i
cksmal lpaperhear tswi t
ht hei
rnameson
thegi f
tofamapshehadbr ought.Sheunder standst heirloneli
ness.Herr eassuri
ng
natureboost sthei rprideandsel f-
confidence
Shegi vesBr endaal isteningearandashoul dert ocr yonasBr endat el
l
sherofher
problemsofsl ow adj ustmenti nschoolandoft hehost ileenv i
ronmentathome.Thi s
easesBr enda’sf rustration.
Shespeakst ot het eacherandt hest udentsr unni ngt hehomer oom t ogi vesome
attenti
ont oBr endaadhi smakest hehomer oom r imemor ebearablef orBrenda.Thi s
showsherconcer nf orBr enda
Sheof ferstotakeal et t
ert oBrenda’smot herfrom Br enda.Thi sshowsherki ndnessand
makesBr endat ocont acthermot her
Duet ohergenui neconcer nf orBrenda,shespeakst oMr s.toMr s.St ewart
,Br enda’s
father’
sboss, whoi nt urntalkstoIvant oallowhert ohel pBr enda.Thist urnsouttobeof
greathelpt oBrenda
Shewr i
tesal ettertoBr endat el
li
nghert hatshe( Brenda)shoul dwr it
et othewhenev er
shewant edtot al
kt osomeone.Thussheof fer
sherf riendshi ptoBrenda.

(
ii
) Mr
s.JoyStewart
– Herpl
easant,
warm,motherl
ynat
ureisevi
dentasshei
nvi
tesBr
endat
ofeel
freet
o
useherhandstot
akeherfoodaspeopl
edobackhomei nJamai
ca
 – Herr eassuringandsoci ablenat uremakesBr endaf eelathome.Sher ev
ealst o
Brendat hatsheknewBr enda’ sgr andmot herverywel l
,tell
ingherhowsheusedt o
vi
sitthegr andmot herwhowoul dgi vehergr at
ercakeandt henwatchhersot hat
shedoesnotst ealtheguav asatt hegat e.ThismakesBr endafeelshecant rust
hersincesheknowsherpeopl e
– Herconcer nmakesheraskBr endaaboutherpr ogressi nschoolwor kandev en
offer
st ohav eherdaught erJoanhel pBr endawi t
hherschool work
– Sheof fersBr endaachancet owor kwi t
hheri nt heof ficefortwentydol l
arsa
weekandt hismakesBr endaabl et omeetherper sonal needs.
– WhenBr endat akesacomput ercour sesheof f
ersheraj obpay i
ngher200dol lars
aweek.Thi shelpsBr endaal ot
– Herhospi tablenaturei sev identwhensheof fersBrendaapl acet ostayfort he
summerbef oreshej oinsherf atherinEngl and.
– Brendaf eelsthatstay i
ngwi thSt ewar dsmadeal lthedi f
ferenceinthewor l
data
ti
meshef elttheneedf orsuppor t(p72)
– AsBr endapr eparest ol eav ef orEngl and,shereassur eshert hatal
lwillbeokayi n
EnglandPg72

(i
i
i) JoanSt ewart
–Shepr ov
esv eryhel
pfultoBr endai naidi
nghert oimproveinEnglishandherAmer i
can
hi
story
– Shei sgenerousenought ogiveBr endaherclot
heseasingBrenda’
scl ot
hpr obl
em
– Joan’skindnessisportrayedwhensheal l
owsBr endatouseherlibrarythusgivi
nghera
chancetoimproveheacademi cwor k
– Herassociationwit
hBr endahel psBrendatobecomesel f
-confi
dent
Conclusi
on
- r eapandsuggesti
onofposi ti
veopi ni
onont hewayf or
ward

3. Wr i
teacomposi ti
ononexper i
enceswhi chf orcedBr endat odev el
opnegat iveat t
it
ude
towar dsJamai ca.Givei l
lust r
ationsf r
om Vel mapol lard’
s“ Homest retch”
Intr
oduct i
on
Brendai sbi t
terwi t
hJamai cawhenshemakesent ryatKi ngstonAi rpor t
.Shedi sagrees
witht hecust omsof ficeraboutpay i
ngdut yoni temsshef eelsar eper sonaleffects.she
compl ainsoft hedi r
tyst reet s
Cont ent
Thefoll
owi ngar er easonswhyshei sir
ritat ed:
 -shebel ievesJamai cat hrewheroutwhenshewasy oung-14y rs.Sheexpect edcomf ort
inthef orei gnlandbutdi dn’tget .Shel ivedwi thafat hershedi dnotknowandwhom di d
notpr ot ecther .
 Thest epmot herandsi sterant agoni zedhere. g.hurledabusedather ,theydisapprov ed
ofhercl ot hesasnotf i
t,theywer enothappyt ohav eher
 -Thef rust r
ationsatschool inAmer i
cabr oughtoutt her ebelli
ousnat urei nher.Shewent
throughmanypl acementanddi agnost ict eststogett herightclass
 -Brendaf eltthatshehadnocont rolov erl if
e.Shemov eswi t
ht hefathert oEnglandwher e
adjust i
ngi sachal l
enge.
 Att hecol legeshei sdi scr i
mi nated“ shef eltthatt het eachersdi dn’tl
ikeher ”
NB: -expectmor eil
lustrationf rom thet ext
Mar kany4wel lil
lust r
atedpoi nt sbyeach3: 3:3:3=( 12mar ks)
Concl usi on
OpinionofhowBr endai sdi spl
easedwi tht het r
eatmentsheget sandhowt hismadeher
developnegat iveatti
t udet owar dsJamai ca.

4. “
Homest ret
ch”i
sanovelt
hatexpl
orest
hesearchf
ori
dent
if
yandbel
onging.Di
scuss
t
hev al
idi
tyofthisst
atementbasingyouransweronVelmaPoll
ard’
snov el
,“Home
St
ret
ch.
”
–Int
roducti
on
 -Gener alintr
oductionnidenti
tyandbel onging
-Def i
nit
ionofkeyt erms:i
dentif
yandbel onging
Body /content
- TheJamai cansandAf r
icansindiasporaf aceani
dent
itycr
isi
s.Theycannei
ther
returntoAf r
icanorcant heybeintegratedinthe“
Mothercountr
y”andanyot
her
count r
ythatt heygotowor kandst udy

- Thecar r
ibeansar eapeopl ecaughtupi nacul turaldil
emma.Thecul t
ureisnei t
her
West er
nnorAf ri
can
- SomeJamai cansar eref err
edtoas“ drylandt ourists”becauset heywer epr etending
tobeAmer icans,theyr efusedt oident i
fythemsel vesasJamai cans
- MostJamai cansgot ot heUSorEngl and,Brendai sconsi deredt obel uckyt ogot o
theUSA
- Brenda’ sfatherfacesani dent
itycr i
sis.Hissecondmar r
iagei ntheUSAdoesnot
wor koutwel l.Hemi gratest oEngl andwher ehemar riesat hi
rdwi fe.Butcoul dst i
ll
senseaf eelingofhomel essnessandpl acelessnessi nhi sl i
fe.Hei snotf ull
yset tl
ed
i
nt hedi aspor a.
- Dav idandEdi thdonotf i
ndabel ongingi nEnglandwher et heygot owor k,instead
theirstayt hereev enthreat enstheirmar riage.Thewor ki
ngenv ir
onmenti sv ery
demandi ngandt heyhav enot i
mef oroneanot her.TheEur opeansr el
atewi t
ht hem as
wor kersandnomor e
- Dav idsuf f
ersast r
okeaf ewday sbef orehecomesbackt oJamai ca.The“ healing
ri
ver s”andt hef r
iendlyat mospher emakehi m comf ort ableandr elievehispai n.He
belongst oJamai ca.Dav idandEdi thf i
ndsat i
sfactionandcont entmentbackathome

- BrendaleftJamaicaatagef ourt
eenbeforeshecall
edithome,shefeel
soutofplace
i
nt heUSAwher eshel i
veswit
hherfather
,herstepmotherandherstepsi
ster
- Brendaf eel
sali
enatedatschool t
oo.Shehastodoal otofpl
acementtest
s.Inthe
end
shei snotfull
yint
egr at
edtotheAmer i
cansociety
- (2:2:2:2:2:2:=12mar ks)
- Conclusi
on(2mar ks)
- Languageandpr esentat
ion

5 Wri
teacomposi
ti
ononthechal
lengest
hati
mmi
grant
sencount
er.Ref
ert
othenov
el
Homest
ret
ch” Vel
maPollar
d.

Challengesi mmi grant sencount er .

(
i)–Whenmov ingt herei st heprobl em ofdi sposal ofpr opertythatonecan’ tcarry.
-Ther e’
sal otofdocument ationi .eneedt ohav epasspor tscer t
if
icat
ese. gbirt
h
cert
if
icates.
-Mov ingi st i
meconsumi ngandt iresomei .epackingandunpacki ng.
-Emot i
onal breakdownduet of ami li
esbei ngtornwhenDav idandEdi t
hleavefor
Englandot her( fami l
y)r elati
vesar eleftinJamai ca/Lonel i
ness.
(i
i)–Unf ri
endl yclimat iccondi tionsi nf oreigncount ries.Edi thandDav i
dfindEngland
tobet oocol df ort hem.
-Lossofper sonal fr
eedom.Dav i
dr eal
izest hathehasnopi eceofl andfor
himselfto
Dowhathepl easesandt hathehast ofollowi nstructionsfrom otherpeopley et
Backhomehewasabossov erhimsel f.
(i
ii
)–Ther ei ssoci al discriminat ion.Dav idisdiscrimi natedbyhi swor kmat esatthe
factory.
Whi l
eatt hef actor yt heypr etendt ochatwi thhi m butonceout sidenoneSeemst o
bef ami li
arwi thhi m andev enf ailtorespondt ohi sgreet i
ngs.
-Br endaf eelsshe’ sbeendespi sedbyschool mat esinJamai caduetoherst rong
Amer ican di scrimi natoryasshei ssubj ectedv ar i
oust estsbeforeadmi ssi
onandi s
 ev
enreferredt oalowergr ade.
-Immigrant shavedif
ficult
yinsoci al
adjust
ment s.Brendafall
sinlovewit
hMilt
ona
Ni
geri
an st udentwhol aterdumpsher .
(i
v)-Ther
eisapr oblem i
nget ti
ngempl oyment.Dav idfi
ndsitdif
fi
cultt
ogetajobin
England.
-Wor ki
ngcondi ti
onsar eunfavorablei.
etoolongwor ki
nghour s.
(v
)-Medi calchal l
enges.Dav idgetsast rokeperhapsduetot heStr
essful
/demandi
ng
natureof
thewor king condit
ions.Dav i
d’smedicalcondit
ionputemot i
onalstr
essonEdit
h.

I
nstr
uctions.
-int
roduction-2mar ks
- 4welli
llustr
atedpoints–12mar
ks (
4x3)
-Language–4mar ks
- Conclusion–2mar ks.

6. “
Onecanmakehomebet hebestplacebyengagi
ngincommunit
ydevel
opment
act
ivi
ti
es”
Withcl
oser
efer
encetoVelmapoll
ard’sHomestr
etch’
,wr
it
eanessayt
oshowhowDav
id
andEdi
thpr
ovetheval
idi
tyoft
heabov estat
ement.

Point s:
-Edithstart
edagi r
lsgr oupt oat
tendtothedet eri
oratingchurchandtor enov ateit
-Edithsawt hatchi
ldrenbel ow7y r
swer enol ongergoi ngtoschool
buti nsteadf etched
wat er.i
mmedi atel
yshesoughthel pfrom sev er
al agencies,
shepai dteacher s,sli
ced
outr entfr
om herr entt ownhouset ocat erforthey oungoneseducat ion
-Edithstart
edapubl icserviceathome.I twascal l
edt hebookmobi l
e
-Dav i
dsacrifi
cedsomucht imeandresour cestoprov ideandmakef urnit
uref orthe
classmat eatt heschool i
nwoodsv i
ll
age.
-Dav i
dtaughttheboy scar pentr
y.
-Dav i
dandEdi thplantedvinesandot hersplantsincludingveget
abl
es

Concl usion:Homebecamet hebestpl acetost

ayinasev
enDav
idwhocamebacki
l
l
foundcur ebackhoef r
om medi cinalspar.
Mar ks: I
ntroducti
on-2mks
Languageandpr esentat
ion-4mks
Body :6points,
wel li
l
lustr
ated,2mkseach=12mar
ks
Conclusion-2mks
Tot al
=20mar ks

7. Speci
fi
call
yfocusingonBr endainthenovel,‘
Homestretch’byVel
maPol l
ard;Wri
tea
composit
iontoil
lustr
atehowearl
ychil
dhoodexperi
encesshapeone’sper
cepti
onofli
fe.
Opti
onalsett
ext
Speci
fi
call
yfocusingonBr endainthenov el‘
Homest r
etchbyVelmaPol l
ard,wri
tea
composit
iontoi
ll
ustrat
ehowear l
ychil
dhoodexper
iencesshapeone’
spercept
ionofl
ife.

I
ntroduction
Thewayaper sonr espondsorr el
atest oissuesi nli
feismanyt imesdet erminedbyt he
exper
iencesheorshehadencount eredinlife.I
faper sonhassuf f
eredfrom discr
imi
nat i
on
andmi str
eat ment,
heorshei slikel
ytobesuspi ciousofot herpeople’
smot i
vesandact i
ons.
Thensuchaper sonislikelyt
obeaggr essi
veandconf r
ontational
.
Whenwef i
rstmeetBr endaint henov elshei shavingconf r
ontat
ionwithacust omsof f
icial
attheairportandshei squi tenegativetowar dstheoffici
als.Alotoft hi
scanbeexpl ained
whenwel ookatherear li
erli
fe.

- Br
endamov
edt
otheU.
Sinhert
eenst
oli
vewi
thaf
athershebar
elyknew.Shesuf
fer
ed
 harassmentf rom Johni eandherdaught erathome,andshef oundal otoft r
ouble
adjust
ingatschool .
- -Sher elocatest oEngl andandshehast or eadj
usttanot herofherf ather’
s‘womenand
tohighschooli nat hirdcount ry
.Shehadnocont roloverherlif
e.Shewast enseatt he
thoughtofanot heradjustmentt oadi f
fer
entschool.
- -Shesuf fer
spr ej
udiceatcol l
egebecauseofbei ngbl ackandspeaki ngi nanAmer ican
accent.Shewasshyandi nsecure.Sheappearedproudt otheJamai cansbecauseofher
accent.
- Shet r
iest obedi fferentandgangsj umpwi thAfr
icansbutsheget sdi sappointedbyher
Nigeri
anboy fr
iend.
- Attheendofi t,Brendadi dn’thaveevenonepositivewor dtosayaboutEngl and.
- Whenwef irstmeether ,herf r
ustrat
ionscomeouti nform ofanger ,conf r
ont at
ionand
unreali
sticideals.Shei sunhappywi t
hthecustomsof fi
cerswiththedr iversont heroads,
andwi ththeenv i
ronment .

Conclusi
on:-ThusBrenda’sviewofreal
i
tyhasbeendistor
tedbyt
heemoti
onal
hur
tsshehas
gone
thr
oughasar esul
tofthediscr
imi
nat
ionintheUSandi
nEngl
and.
Consideranyotherr
elevantconclusi
on
(Expectanyfourwel
l i
l
lustr
atedptseach3mks)
Int
roducti
on-02mks
Content–3+3+3+3=12mks
Language=4mks
Conclusi
on=2mks

8. Wr i
teanessayshowi nghowBr enda’ scont actwit
hLaur achangesherat t
it
udet owards
Jamai
ca.
Brenda’si nitialat ti
tudet oJamai caist hatofpessi mism, howev er,herencount erwith
Laurachangest hist ooneofpat ri
otism.
Acceptanyot herr elev antintroduct i
onbutt hechangesi nat t
it
udemustbe
captured.(ot her wisedonotawar danymar k)
A i)Laura’
scompany
Lauraisgoodcompanyf orBr endaandshar ewithherexperiencest hathav ehel ped
Brendal ookatJamai camor eposi ti
velyasopposedt ot hepreviousnegat i
vemage.
Shenowappr eciatesandcr eat esi nterestinJamai ca.Af t
erhert ourofJamai cawi th
Anthony ,Br endawr itesbackt oLaur aaboutt heatt
racti
onofJamai ca(p181)
ii
)Promot ionofJamai ca’simageabr oad
Brenda, Laur aandAnt honyrai sesf undst osponsort heEngl i
shy out hclubtot our
Jamai ca( pp115, 185)
ii
i)Patri
ot i
sm
Brendar edi scov er sJamai ca.Shef indsher“ Jamaicansel f
”p51shef eelsonewi th
Jamai caandshei spr oudofhercount ry.
Shemar ket shercount r
yfacili
tiesabr oadt hroughmai ls(p185)
iv)Buil
dingf riendshi p
Thef r
iendshi pofDav idandEdi thi spar toft heJamai cathatLaur agi v
est oBr enda.
expectal lthef ourpoi ntsandmar k3: 3:3:
3:=12mar ks
Conclusion
Theinf l
uenceofaf riendcanei therchangeonei naposi ti
veornegat iveway .Br endais
positi
velyi nfluencedbyLaur at obepat ri
oti
c
expectanyot herr el
ev antconcl usion=2mar ks
grammar =4mar ks

9.Wit
hil
l
ustr
ati
onsfr
om t
henovel‘
Homestr
etch’
,wr
it
eanessayont
hepr
obl
emst
hatpeopl
e
whomigr
atetof
orei
gncount
ri
esencount
er
 I
ntr
oducti
on(2marks)
Manypeoplegot
of or
eigncountri
eshopingtoenj
oybett
erstandar
dsofli
vi
ng,butt
heyend
upsuf
fer
ingduetoraci
aldisseminati
on,badweat
herandeveneducat
ionaladj
ust
ment.
Acceptanyot
hervali
dintroduct
ion.

POINTSOFI NTERPRETATI ON:( 12MARKS)

P(i)
dif
ficultinf i
ndingj obs/ j
obdi scr
imination
 Dav id’scase]
 Edi t
hf riend’scase]pg6
 Br enda’ scasepg90- 91
P(ii
)pressur eatwor kpl ace
 Thi smakesDav i
dandEdi thlosetheirclosenessasacoupl epg7
 Peopl el ackt imet ohav epropermeal spg41
 Leadst oDav idget ti
ngast roke
P( i
i
i)Diffi
cultt oadjustt odiff
erentweather
 Dav idpg7
 Br endapg62, 74
P( i
v)Raci aldiscriminat i
ont hatleadstopsy chologi
caltr
auma
 Dav idandEdi t
hpg20- 21,30-32
 Br endapg75- 76,90
P( v
)Difficultineducat i
onal adjustment
 Br endaf i
ndsi thardt oadjusttoAmer icasystem ofeducati
onpg59-60
 Sheal sof i
ndsi ttaxi ngtoadj ustfr
om Amer icasystem toBri
ti
shcurr
icul
um
P( v
i)Strangemeal s
Thosewhomi gratefindi tdiff
iculti
nadjust i
ngtonewt ypesofmealsandmi sst
hei
rmeal
s
theyareusedt oe. g.Br endapg75- 78

Acceptanyotherr
elev
antpoint
Mar
k3:3:3:
3=12
I
ndeedmostpeopl ewhomi grat
etoot
hercount
iesf
acenumer
ouspr
obl
emsi
nthe
for
eigncount
iesasexempl i
fi
edint
hepoi
ntsabove
Acceptanyvali
dconclusi
on

GRAMMAR(4mar ks)
Awar
danumericallanguagemarkdependi
ngont
hesor
eint
hepoi
ntv
is-
à-v
ist
he
communi
cat
ionabili
tyofthecandi
dat
e.

10. Wri
teacomposi
tionont
hebeautyofhomecomi
ngaft
eraper
iodofabsenceabr
oad.
Dr
aw youri
l
lust
rati
onsf
rom Vel
maPollar
dsHomest
ret
ch

I
ntr
oducti
on -Inthenov elmanychar actershadoncemi gratedfrom Jamai caandli
ved
i
nDi aspor atoseekf ortune.Howev er,l
if
et herehaspr ovedtobef ul
lof
hardships.Whent heycomebackhome, theyfindjoy
(
i)Davi
dandEdith
Haveli
vedinEnglandfor30y ear
s
- Lifehaspr ov eddif
ficult
- Hadnot imet obesocializedwi thfriendsandnei ghbors
- Hadl it
tl
et imet obet ogethersi ncetheywor kedi ndiff
erentplaces
- Wer esubject edtolongwor ki
ng
- Dav idsufferedast r
okej ustbef orecomi ngbackf rom Jamaica
- Lifechangest remendousl yupont heirretur
nf rom Jamai ca
- Theygetawar mreceptionf r
om Laur a
- Theysoci alizewithlongt imef r
iends( Charley)
- Theyi nvolvet hemselvesi ncommuni t
ywor k
i
i
)Brenda
 - Isfr
ust ratedi nAmer i
ca
- Mistreat edbyherst epmother
- Lacksbasi cnecessiti
esli
keclothes(pp58)
- Cantf itintheeducat i
onsystem
- WhenBr endal at
ermakesat ri
ptoJamai ca,sheendsupappr eciat
ingthecult
ural
heri
tagee. g.food,danceenvir
onmentaf t
erat t
endingsever
altoursinJamaica(pp68
–98)
i
i
i)Ant
hony
- Doesnotenj oyli
feinAmerica
- Hast akenadegr eei
nengineeri
ngbutnotsat isfi
ed
- Hasnotcomebackt oJamaicaev er
ytimeheget sanoppor t
unit
y( pp101)
- Hei nt endst ocomebackandl iveinJamai ca(pp101)
- Toget herwi thBrenda,hemakessev eraltoursinJamaicawhichmakest hem
appreci atetheJamai cancult
uralheri
tage(pp160–169)
- Mar k4: 4: 4
Conclusi on
2mar ks

11. Usingatleasttwocharactersfrom VelmaPollar

dsHomestr
etchwrit
eanessayon
therol
e
pl
ay edbywomeni nthecommuni t
y.
1.Introducti
on
Ov erthegener at
ions,womenhav ebeenlookeddownuponthesociet
y.Theyhavebeen
seenas
toolsofprocreationanddomest icservant
s.Thesewomenincl
ude:Edit
h,Laur
a,Br
enda
MamaJoy ,Mr s.SaulandMr s.Stewart

2.Body
Edit
h:-
- Loving, determi nedandahar d-wor ki
ngl adywhost r
ivest oi mpr ovethelivi
ng
standar dsoft hecommuni tybot hinWoodsandi nEngland
- Shegi v esthechur chaf ace–l i
ftwiththehel poft heschool gir
ls
- Ini
tiatesr eint
roduct ionofbasi cschool andi sev enwill
ingt ouseherown
resour cesatt hebegi nning
- InBi rmi ngham shet eachest heWestI ndianchi l
drentopl ayt heorgan
- Shei si nstrument alinhel pingDav i
dsettledowni nJamai ca.Sheencour ages
him whenhedeci dest omakef urnit
uret otheschool ,tor estorehi ssel
f
conf idence
- Shegi v espar t-ti
medomest icsciencelessonst ot heseni orgi rl
sf r
om thelocal
school
Laura:
-
- Responsi bleandf riendl yyoungwoman
- Shehel psherauntanduncl etoset tl
edowni nJamai ca
- Sheor gani zesf orther enovat i
onoft heirhouses
- Level headed, dedicat edtoDav i
dandEdi th
- Arrangesofmy rt
let omeetDav idandEdi thafter30y ear s.Theyor gani
zeat ri
p
toMi l
kRi ver
- Adv isesBr endaonhowt ochoosecour sesatt heUni ver si
tywhent heymeeti n
Engl and
Brenda :St rongdet erminedandaggr essive
- Broughtupal mostsi nglehandedl ybyt hemot her
- Exper iencesr acialpr ejudi
cei nherpl aceofwor kbutpl ay sther oleofexposing
Jamai cancul turetot hewor ldthroughjour nal
ism e.g.cov erageofev entsof
Ment oy ard
- Shei st hedr i
vingf orcei nthei deaofbr ingingWestI ndi anchi l
drentoJamai ca
Mamaj oy:
 - Lov i
ng, pati
entandcommi t
tedthoughav i
cti
m ofteenagepr
egnancy.
Str
ugglest obr i
ngupBr endathroughgoodeducationandcounsel
,thr
ought o
uni
versityinUS
- Goest oschool i
nmiddleaget oful
fi
llherdr
eams
Concl usi
on
Thesewomenchar act
erspr ov
et hatwomenhav eav it
alrol
etoplayint
hecommuni ty
andathome
Mar ks:
Atleasttwor olesforthreechar acter
seach=12mks( mar k4: 4:4)
Grammarandpr esentation=4mks
Int
roductionandconcl usion2mks *

12. “
Ifwel
lpl
annedf
or,
ret
ir
ementi
snott
obef
ear
ed.I
tcani
nfactbeausef
ulper
iodi
na
per
son’
sli
fe.
”Basi
ngy
ourr
easoni
ngonwhathappensi
nthenov
el,
wri
tea
composi
ti
ont
oexpl
aint
hisst
atement
.
I
ntr
oduct
ion–Wi
thpr
operpl
anni
ngr
eti
rementneednott
obeat
imeofst
ressi
na
per
son’
sli
fe.
Wi
thpr
operpl
anni
ngandut
il
izat
ionoft
ime,
ret
ir
eescani
nfactmakeusef
ul
cont
ri
but
ionst
othecommuni
ti
es
i
)Oneducat
ion
Dav
idandEdi
thdeci
det
obeusef
ulandwoul
dwor
ktoi
mpr
oveeducat
ioni
nthev
il
lage
- Edi
thi
sdet
ermi
nedt
ogi
vechi
l
drenundersev
enaccesst
oeducat
ion
- Dav
idmakeshi
spr
ojectt
opr
ovi
def
ort
hev
il
lageschool
.Hebecomest
he
woodwor
kteacherwhi
l
eEdi
tht
eachesgi
rl
sdomest
icwor
kandusest
hem t
o
dr
esst
hechur
chonSat
urday
s

i
i
)Cat
aly
stofdev
elopment
- Jamai
cabecomespoorbutDav
idandEdi
thbecomecat
aly
stsofdev
elopment
andbecauseoft
hei
ref
for
ts,
gov
ernment
/ser
viceact
ivi
ti
escommencewi
th
t
hegr
adi
ngofr
oadi
nthev
il
lage
- Thev
il
lageseconomyst
art
stogr
owasmor
est
ocki
saddedt
oshops,
mor
e
t
raf
fi
cst
art
stopasst
hrought
hev
il
lageandy
oungpeopl
ewor
kingi
ntowns
st
artcomi
ngt
othev
il
lage
i
i
i)Dav
idandEdi
thr
edi
scov
ert
hei
rcl
osenessi
nJamai
ca
- I
nJamai
cat
heyar
ehappyandr
elaxed
- Theycansi
tandenj
oybr
eakf
ast
,somet
hingt
hatwasunhear
dofi
nEngl
and
- Theycanal
soent
ert
ainf
ri
endsi
nthei
rnewhome
- Theycanr
eli
evet
hei
rfav
our
it
epass-t
imeofr
eadi
ngf
oroneanot
herand
pl
easur
e.Edi
thf
oundaj
okei
nabookshewasr
eadi
ngandcal
l
edDav
idt
o
shar
eit
i
v)Far
mingDav
idandEdi
thar
eabl
etof
indt
imet
odosome-
gar
deni
ng-gr
owi
ngf
lower
s
 andv
eget
abl
es.
- Thecl
i
maxoft
hei
rhappi
nessatr
etur
ninghomei
sexper
ienceddur
ingt
he
occasi
onoft
hei
rfi
rstanni
ver
sar
yofr
etur
ningt
oJamai
cawhenLaur
a
gat
her
ssomanyr
elat
ivest
oget
herf
orcel
ebr
ati
ons
v
)Pr
opersav
ing
- Edi
thandDav
idusedt
osendmoneyt
oLaur
aandsheonherpar
tusedt
o
r
enov
atet
hei
rhouse.Theyhadnotsol
dthei
rhousewhent
heyl
eftf
orEngl
and
l
i
kesomanyot
her
swhosol
dthei
rhouseswhent
heywentt
oli
vei
nEngl
and
- Theyhadal
sosav
edmoneyt
hatwoul
denabl
ethem l
i
vecomf
ort
abl
yin
Jamai
ca
- Laur
ahadhel
pedt
hem buyahousef
rom wher
etheywer
edr
awi
ngr
ent
- Bot
hwer
eal
sor
ecei
vi
ngpensi
on

CONCLUSION
Butall
inal
l
,Davi
dandEdi
th’
sli
fei
soneofsuccessandservest
oil
lust
rat
ethatpeopl
ein
ret
ir
ementcani
ndeedmakeusef
ulcont
ri
but
ionstot
heircommunit
ies

NB -Cr
edi
tshoul
dbegi v
entowel lil
l
ustratedpointsandrelevance
- Everypoi
ntt
obegi vent woill
ustrati
ons
- Mark4point
sf or4:
4:4:4(16)forwellil
l
ustrat
edpoi nt
s
- Awar d2marksfori
ntroducti
onand2mar ksforconcl
usion

3. Wri
teacompositi
ononchal
lenges!Pr
obl
emsexper
iencedbyAfr
icansint
hedi
aspor
a.
Dr
awy ouri
l
lust
rat
ionsf
rom thenovel
Homest
ret
chbyVel maPol
lard.

Intr
oducti
on:LivingintheDiasporaispor
tray
edasdemandi ngandchall
enging
experi
ence.I
tis
ali
feofadjustmentandset tl
ementiselusi
veintheprocessonesuf
fersuncert
aint
y,
nost
algi
a,l
onel inessanddiscr
iminat
ion
PointsI
Racialdi
scri
mi nation—Dav i
ddiscri
minatedagai
nstinEngland,
wherehehad$ol uxury
f
orr
estandWhi
teswoul
dnotl
i
ket
obeseenwi
thhi
m howev
ert
heywor
kwi
thhi
m.
El
sewher
eBr
endar
eveal
sopenr
aci
sm whi
l
eshesear
chedf
oraj
ob.Whi
teshav
eone
pl
acef
orbl
acks—t
hegr
oundf
loor
,manual
wor
k.Ant
honyal
socomment
sthatAmer
ica
t
hinkaboutcol
ourev
ery
day
.Lonel
i
ness—Dav
idandEdi
thwor
kfort
hemot
her
landbut
nev
ergett
obel
ongt
hissoci
ety
.Thewor
kingl
i
fei
sdemandi
ngt
otheext
entofal
i
enat
ing
Dav
idandEdi
thf
rom eachot
her
.Thehadnot
imet
osi
t,chatandi
nter
actwi
thpeopl
e.
Theonl
ythi
ngt
heycommonwi
thwhi
t*mani
swor
k.Br
endai
taswel
lhaunt
edby
f
eel
i
ngsofr
eject
ion,
placel
essandhomel
essnessashel
eav
esJamai
cabef
oreshecal
l
s
i
thomeandi
nAmer
icashei
sast
rangert
othef
ather
,st
epmot
herandst
epsi
ster
Weat
her—WhenBr
endar
etr
eat
stoEngl
andshef
indst
hepl
acecol
dandunbear
abl
e.I
t
r
ainedmostoft
het
ime
Nost
algi
a—t
her
eisl
ongi
ngf
ort
hepastsweetmemor
iese.
g.Br
endahasf
eel
i
ngof
 chi
l
dhoodwi
tht
hegr
andmot
her
Si
ckness!ment
alt
ort
ure—Duet
otheexper
iencesofdi
scr
imi
nat
ionandexpl
oit
ati
oni
tis
cl
eart
hatt
hosewhogot
oAmer
icadon’
tret
urnwhi
l
enor
mal
.Forexampl
eDav
idr
etur
ns
onawheel
chai
rwhi
l
eot
her
sli
keMi
ssBet
ty’
sdaught
erandMi
ssGer
ald’
ssonar
emad
(
Any4poi
nts4x3=12mks)
Concl
usi
on:
Thehumbl
eappeal
toAf
ri
can’
sist
hatt
heybepr
oudoft
hei
risl
andsandf
ind
a
l
ast
inghomet
her
e

14. Despi
techal
l
enges,womenst
il
lbecomeusef
ull
ysuccessf
ul.Usi
ng anyt
wo oft
he
char
act
ersgi
venbel
owf
rom Pol
l
ard’
snov
el‘
Homest
ret
ch’
suppor
tthi
sst
atement
.
(
i)Br
enda
(
ii
)Edi
th
(
ii
i)MamaJoy

BRENDA-
Chal
l
enges
(
i)Shei
snegl
ect
edbyherf
atheri
near
lychi
l
dhood
(
ii
)Facesdi
scr
imi
nat
ioni
nAmer
ica(
int
heschool
homer
oom)
(
ii
i)Li
veswi
thahost
il
est
epmot
heri
nAmer
ica.
(
iv)Suf
fer
sthecol
dweat
herofBr
it
ain
(
v)Facesdi
scr
imi
nat
ioni
naUni
ver
sit
yinBr
it
ain

Usefulness
(
i)Shesucceedsi neducati
on e.g.
-Writ
eswinni
ngessays
s
-GetsA i nhighschool
-Achiev esasecondupperdegreeinUniv
ersi
ty
-Studiesformasters
(
ii
)Shesuppor ts/i
nter
cedesforJamai
canchil
dreninschool
(
ii
i)Sheor
gani
zesat
ourf
orJamai
canchi
l
drent
oJamai
ca
(
iv)Shebecomesasuccessf
ulj
our
nal
i
st
(
v)Shebui
l
dsahousef
orhermot
her

EDI
TH- Chal
l
enges
(
i) Toget
herwi
thDav
id,
shehadgonet
oseekempl
oymenti
nBr
it
ain
(
ii
) Ov
erwor
kedi
nBr
it
ain
(
ii
i) Al
ongsi
deDav
id,
shesuf
fer
sraci
aldi
scr
imi
nat
ioni
nBr
it
ain
(
iv) Herl
ovewi
thDav
idi
saf
fect
edbyt
hehost
il
eci
rcumst
ancesi
nBr
it
ain
(
v) Shehasnochi
l
dren
(
vi) Herhusband(
Dav
id)
suf
fer
sast
rokenBr
it
ain)
 Usef
ulness
(
i) Usef
uli
nherempl
oymenti
nEngl
and
(
ii
) Sheandherhusband(
Dav
id)suppor
tedLaur
awhenhermot
herpassedon
(
ii
i) Shewasal
ovi
ng/
dev
otedwi
fet
oDav
id.Shenur
seshi
m whenheunder
goesa
st
roke
(
iv) Backi
nJamai
ca,
shet
eachesdomest
icmat
ter
stogi
rl
s
(
v) Sheassi
stsi
nthel
ocal
chur
ch
(
vi) Sher
eset
tl
essuccessf
ull
ybacki
nJamai
ca

MAMAJOY-Chal
l
enges
(
i) Shei
sbyherl
overonceshebecomespr
egnant
(
ii
) I
nit
ial
l
y,shest
ruggl
etobr
ingupBr
endaal
one
(
ii
i) Shesuf
fer
sunempl
oymentunt
ill
ateri
nli
fewhenshej
oint
steachi
ng

Usef
ulness
(
i) Despi
tenegl
ectbyt
hehusband,
shet
akescar
eofBr
enda
(
ii
) Tr
ainsandacqui
resaj
obl
aterl
i
fe
Mar
king
Anyt
wochar
act
ers
Eachchar
acterchal
lenges–atleast3x2mks=6mks
Useful
ness–atleast3x2mks=6mks
Total12mks
Int
roducti
on-2mks
Body–12mks
Concl
usion-2mks
Language–4mks Tot al–20mks
(
N/B-Acceptanyotherrel
evantpoint
sontheabov
echaracter
s)
-Ift
hecandidatedoesnotbringoutt
hetwoareasi
.e.chal
l
engesandusef
ulness,
(markeachpointoutof(3mks)

15. Usi
ngill
ust
rat
ionsfrom Vel
maPoll
ard;“Homest
ret
ch”wr
it
eanessayhow Laur
ahel
ps
Edi
thandDavi
dt osett
ledowni
nJamaica.

I
ntroducti
on–2mks
Bri
efintr
oducti
onofwhoLaur
ais
Explanat
ionofwhyEdit
handDav
idneedhel
p
Content (12mks)

1.Sherenovatesandfur
nishest
hei
rhouse
2.shedesignsthehousewithavi
ewtomaint
aini
ngt
heol
dar
chi
tect
ural
planEdi
thand
Dav
idwer
eusedt
o
3.Sher
ecei
vest
hem att
heai
rpor
tandhast
ranspor
treadyt
otaket
hem home
4.Sher
elat
eswi
tht
hem asherr
eal
par
ent
s
 5.Shedoesnotspar
eanyef
for
ttoeaseEdi
thandDav
id’
sadj
ust
ment
stol
i
fei
n
Jamai
caaf
tert
hir
tyy
ear
sinBr
it
ain
(
any4point
swelli
ll
ustr
atedeach3+3+3+3=12mks)
N/B:
Getill
ust
rat
ionsfrom t
henovel
concl
usi
on–2mks)
Weneedtohelpsomeonewhoi sinprobl
ems.Thisi
sseenwhenLaur
ahel
pedEdi
thand
Dav
idt
oset
tl
edown (
acceptanyv
ali
dconcl
usi
on)

Meanwhi l
e,
Cont act0705525657f or
;
Otherwel ldesignedhi ghschool
mat erial
s
Updat edCPA, CI FA,CICT,CPS..
.Kasneb
mat erial
s
Sever alnovelcollecti
ons
Mot i
v ati
onalbooks
I
nspi rati
onalbooks
Setbooksandgui des
Teachi ngschemes
KCSEandMockpastpaper s
Revisionmat erials
KRAser vi
ces
HELBser vi
ces
Websi teDesign
CONTACT
0705525657(
MRI
SABOKE)

(
isabokemi
cah@gmai
l
.com)