Designing of Square Pad Footing

Data
Dead load (KN) 410
Imposed load (KN) 0
Column size LxB (m) 225 225
Bearing capacity of soil (KN/m2) 175
Concrete grade fcu (N/mm2) 25
Steel sgrade fy (N/mm2) 460
Concrete cover (mm) 50
Self weight of footing 15% (KN) 62
Total dead load (KN) 472
Footing thickness (mm) 300
Reinforcement size intended to use (mm) 12
Design axial load to SLS
Design axial load SLS (KN) 471.50

Size of footing
Area of footing (m2) 2.69
Asume a square footing
Size of a side of footing (m) 1.7
Area of footing provided (m2) 2.89 > 2.694286

Design axial load to ULS

Design axial load to ULS (KN) 574.00

Bearing pressure at critical loading

Earth pressure=Axial force ULS/(Area) (KN/m2) 198.62

Bending reinforcement
Width of critical section (mm) 737.50
Moment at the column face M=Moment from 91.82
eath pressure (KNm)
For concrete Mu=0.156fcubd2 (kNm) 394.72 OK
lever arm=z/d 0.95
z (mm) 231.80
As=M/(0.95fyz) (m2) 906.49
Bar Size (mm) 12.00 16 20
No of bars 9 5 3
Provided area (mm2) 1017.88 1005.31 942.48
Spacing (mm) 200.00 400.00 800.00
Provide 9 T12 bars at 200 mm spacing both ways
or Provide 5 T16 bars at 0 mm spacing both ways
or Provide 3 T20 bars at 0 mm spacing both ways
Shear stress
0.8*√fcu (N/mm2) 4.00
effective depth d (mm) 244.00
Shear stress qc (N/mm2) 2.61 shear check OK
Punching shear
Punching shear perimeter (mm) 4728.00
Area within perimeter ( m2) 0.916
Punching shear force V (KN) 392.10
Punching shear not OK, increse
0.34 footing depth
Punching shear stress υ(N/mm2)

Minimum % of reinforcement
OK
0.20
100As/bd
100As/bd=0.13
As 539.24
Bar Size (mm) 12.00
No of bars 5
Provided area (mm2) 565.49
Spacing (mm) 704.09
Provide 5 T12 bars at 700 mm spacing both ways

Maximum spacing 750.00 OK

 Combined footing

Data *Highest moment

Column 1 Column 2
Dead load (KN) 420 200
Imposed load (KN) 0
Column size LxB (m) 300 300 300 300
C/C Distance between 2 columns 1200
Bearing capacity of soil (KN/m2) 150
Concrete grade fcu (N/mm2) 25
Steel sgrade fy (N/mm2) 460
Concrete cover (mm) 50
Self weight of footing (KN) 250
Footing thickness (mm) 300
Reinforcement size intended to use (mm) 16
Assumed footing size (LxB) 3300 1800
Effective depth 242
Size of footing

Total load to SLS 870

Area of footing 5.8
Provided area 5.94 Size is OK

Bearing Pressure at ULS

Factorized column loads F(c1+c2) 1218 Fs

Earth pressure PE 206 Fc1
x
Finding maximum reinforcement requirement Mmax
PE
Longitudinal bending
at mid span
× 〖 (𝑥+1) 〗 ^2/2−
𝑀= 206 588 ×𝑥
𝑑𝑀/𝑑𝑥=
206 ×(𝑥+1)− 588
𝑑𝑀/𝑑𝑥=0
When moment is maximum
𝑥= 1.854368932

𝑀= -251.18446602
𝐾= 𝑀/(𝑏𝑑^2 𝑓_𝑐𝑢 )

𝐾= 0.0953124278 K<0.156

0.95xd 229.9
𝑧= 𝑑(0.5+√(0.25−𝐾/0.9) )

𝑧= 212.86356416
 take z as
𝑧= 212.86356416
𝐴_𝑠= 𝑀/(0.95𝑓_𝑦 𝑧)

𝐴_𝑠= 2700.3

Provide 14 T16 bars @ 80 mm spacing

at column faces
M 113.5575
Fc1
𝐴_𝑠= 𝑀/(0.95𝑓_𝑦 𝑧)
lx M

𝐴_𝑠= 1220.7677741 PE
𝐴_(𝑠(min⁡))=0.13𝑏ℎ" " /100

𝐴_(𝑠(min⁡))= 702

Provide 7 T16 bars at bottom in column column locations

Transverse bending Fc1

M= 83.43 ly M
𝐴_𝑠= 𝑀/(0.95𝑓_𝑦 𝑧)
PE
𝐴_𝑠= 896.89060956

Provide T12 bars @ 160 mm spacing

Punching shear

0.8*√fcu (N/mm2) 4
Shear stress qc = Fc /(column perimeter x d) (N/mm2)
Column 1
qc1 = 2.025 Shear OK for column 1

Column 2
qc2 = 0.964 Shear OK for column 1

Punching shear perimeter 4104

Area within perimeter 1052676
Area related to column 1 2970000
Punching shear force 394.968744
Punching shear stress 0.3976857329
 x

Mmax
 47
5T10@200BW
76 900x900 0.243 0.486
152
173
178
188
194
6T10@225BW
200 0.432 4.32
202
203
213
220 1200x1200
254
284
7T12@200BW
306 0.675 2.7
328 1500x1500
403 7T16@225BW

167
209
253
325
377