Professional Documents
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FABRICATION OF FORMWORKS
OBJECTIVE :
This module covers the knowledge,
skills and attitude in preparing materials
for stake-
stake-out building lines, setting batter
boards, fixing building lines.
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STAKE--OUT BUILDING LINES
STAKE
LEARNING OUTCOMES :
1. Prepare materials for stake-
stake-out
building lines
2. Stake-
Stake-out and set batter boards
3. Fix building lines
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STAKES & BATTERBOARD FOR
BUILDING LINES LAYOUT
STAKES
- are wooden sticks used
as post sharpened at one
end and driven into the
ground vertically to serve Not less
than 12”
as boundaries and
support to the batter
boards.
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BATTER BOARDS
- are temporary wooden frameworks used
to suspend the layout strings for a
foundation.
BATTER BOARDS
- consist of pointed wooden stakes as
vertical members and a horizontal cross
piece.
- the lumber are usually from 2”x3” and
the horizontals sometimes are 1”x4”
- the vertical boards are, which are driven
into the ground with a sledgehammer.
The horizontal members are screwed to
the verticals
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The photo above shows single wooden batterboards and
stakes and used to support strings as guide for locating
the foundation layout.
BATTERBOARDS
FOUNDATION
LAYOUT
PLUMB BOB STAKE
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TOOLS FOR LAYOUTING
1. SURVEY INSTRUMENTS
- Level, transit or theodoloite are the
instrument used in relocating and
establishing all reference points, lines,
boundaries and elevations for
construction.
LEVEL THEODOLITE
TRIPOD
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3. STRING OR NYLON CHORD
- is any material (e.g. GI wire, cotton, plastic
or nylon chord) used for connecting
established points, projecting straight lines
on a grid and are securely tied to the batter
boards.
4. CHALK LINE
- Is a taut, chalk-
chalk-covered
cord that is stretched
between two established
points.
- The cord deposits a
straight line of chalk when
it is plucked and snapped
onto the surface
- This is very useful when
laying out on a finished
surface.
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- Snapping a CHALK LINE
LAYOUT PROCEDURE:
1. Preliminaries:
a. Before doing any construction activity on
the site, see to it that all necessary permits
have been secured from local authorities
concerned (Office of the Building Official)
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Preliminaries:
b. Relocate the boundaries of the
construction site with the services of a
registered surveyor (Geodetic Engr)
Engr) service
is required. They can establish missing
points and lot boundaries.
Preliminaries:
c. Clear the site of any existing structures,
trees and other elements that will
obstruct the construction of the building.
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LAYOUT PROCEDURE:
2. TEMPORARY FACILITIES
a. Make a temporary T&B, BUNKHOUSE
facilities structures WASHING
layout, ensuring the
least possible
FABRICATION
obstruction to the
CANTEEN
building for
construction, if
inevitable.
Construct it using
light and reusable SITE
WAREHOUSE
OFC
materials
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c. Provide perimeter fences to prevent
pilferage
3. LAYOUTING PROCEDURE
a. Drive stakes on the ground, at least a
meter away from the corner foundation
excavations, basing on the established
points of the surveyor
b. Nail a horizontal
batter board around
the building site,
At least 1mtr
ensuring it to be
leveled. At least 1mtr
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c. Measure and establish the reference lines
of the building on the batter board using
nails, and tie securely the nylon
string/cord to project the grid lines.
lines.
Note : Verify the measurements in the plan
if the distances indicated are
a. Center to center
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d. Inside to inside
NAIL GUIDE/MARKERS
FOR REFERENCE POINTS
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SQUARING USING AN L-
L-SQUARE
SQUARING USING A
WHOLE PLYWOOD BOARD
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SQUARING USING BY THE USE OF
3-4-5 METHOD
CENTER
STAKE
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CENTER
STAKE
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END OF
PREPARE & STAKE OUT
BUILDING LINES
MODULE
FORMWORKS FABRICATION
WORKSHOP
GROUP WORK:
Layout and mark on the ground, the location
of the building’s foundation based on the
given foundation plan layout.
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FORMWORKS FABRICATION
WORKSHOP
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