FORM 5 CHEMISTRY TOPIC: ACIDS, BASES, SALTS

SUBTOPIC: PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASES

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING COMPOUNDS AFTER LOOKING AT THE VIDEO.

1. List the properties of ACIDS.

2. List the properties of BASES.
3. From your understanding, define what you think is an acid and a base?
4. Give 5 examples each of acidic and basic substances.
5. Give the general chemical reaction when an acid reacts with a base.
6. Define the term ‘indicator’ and state the importance of an indicator.

Answers

1. The properties of acids are :

● ph less than 7
● conducts electricity
● reacts with bases to produce salt and water
● reacts with active metals to produce hydrogen gas
● neutralize bases
● taste sour
● turns blue litmus paper red
● react with carbonate to form CO2 bubbles
● separates into hydrogen ions (H+) in water
● corrosive

2.Properties of bases are

- bitter taste
- don't react with carbonates
- reacts with acids
- turns red litmus paper blue
- separates into hydroxide ions (OH) in water
- has a ph higher than 7
- neutralize acids
- conduct electricity
- feel slippery
 3. Acids are substances which produce hydrogen ions in solution and bases are substances which
produce hydroxide ions in a solution.

4. Examples of acids are vinegar, citric acid , hydrochloric acid , sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

Examples of bases are antacid ,Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 , Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) and baking
powder

5. Acid + Base ----> salt + water

6. Indicators are substances that change colour when they are added to acidic or alkaline solutions.This
is used to test the ph level of a substance (whether a substance is acidic or alkaline .)