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Toaz - Info Threads Handouts Difficult PR
Toaz - Info Threads Handouts Difficult PR
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Machine Design 1
Handouts prepared by Engr. Bernardo
16. Two 70 mm Sellers’ standard square and single threaded screws with a pitch of
12mm are used to raise and lower hydraulic gate weighing 550 kN. A 570 rpm electric
motor operates the screws. The coefficient of collar and thread friction are 0.03
and 0.13, respectively. The mean diameter of the collar is 100mm. If the gate rises
at the rate of 650 mm/min, determine the rpm of the screws.
Solution:
550
W = axial load per screw = =275 kN
2
L = lead of thread = p = 10 mm
17. From Problem 16, determine the size of motor required to lift the gate if the
mechanical efficiency is 85 percent for the speed reducing equipment.
Solution:
L 10
Tan α = = =0.0485
πD π(65.625)
α = 2.77
For 2 screws, the total torque required to raise the load and overcome friction is
158
18. A load of 60 KN is to be raised by a short jack. The screw has an outside
diameter of 64 mm and an Acme single thread having a pitch 0f 12 mm. Collar friction
is negligible and the height of the threads may be assumed to be one-half the pitch.
If the coefficient of the friction is 0.2, determine the torque required to raise
the load.
Solution:
Pitch, p = 12mm
D = mean diameter = OD – h = 64 – 6 = 58 mm
L 12
Tan α = ( ) = ( ) =0.066
πD π×58
58 0.066+ 0.20/0.9681
Tf = 60 x ( ) ( ) =480.86 kN-mm=480.86 N-m
2 1-0.20x0.066/09681
to 114.84
Efficiency = ( ) = ( ) =0.2388=23.8%
tf 480.86
20. From Problem 18, determine the maximum resultant stress in the screw and torque
transmitted over that section that carries the load.
Solution:
Sc 2 28.25 2
Ss(max) = √Ss2 + = √17.412 + =22.41 Mpa
4 4
159
21. A single square thread power screw is to raise a load of 70 KN. The screw has
a major diameter of 36 mm and a pitch of 6 mm. The coefficient of thread friction
and collar friction are 0.13 and 0.10 respectively. If the collar mean diameter is
90 mm and the screw turns it 60 rpm, find the combined efficiency of screw and
collar.
Solution:
Lead = 6 mm
Lead 6
Tan ∝ = = =0.057874
πDm π(33)
tanx(1-ftanx)
e = fcDc
tanx+f+ (1-ftanx)
Dm
0.057874(1-0.13(0.057874))
= 0.10(90) = 0.12526 = 12.526%
0.057874+0.13+ (1-0.13(0.057874))
33
22. From Problem 21, Find the power input to the screw.
Solution:
Solution:
L = Lead = n x pitch = 2 x 25 = 50 mm
α = 15.08®
tan ∅=f=0.10
∅=5.71®
S 1000
RPM of screw = = =20
L 50
160
Tc = torque required to overcome collar friction
WDcfc 100(125)(0.12)
= = =750 kN-mm=750 N-m
2 2
Tt = torque required to raise the load and to overcome thread and collar frictions
Solution
To 795.7
E = = =42.68%
Tt 1871.19
Solution:
1
L = =12.5 mm
0.08
h = (7/16)(12.5) = 5.46875 mm
D = OD – h = 55 – 5.46875 = 49.531 mm
L 12.5
tan ∝ = = =0.0803
πD π(49.531)
α = 4.59®
tan ∅=f=0.14
∅=7.96°
Tan(∝+∅)=tan12.55°=0.222
49.531
500=W ( ) (0.222)+W(40)(0.14)
2
500 = 11.0979 W
W = 45.05 kN = 45 053 N
26. From the Previous Problem, Determine the efficiency of the screw without collar
friction.
161
Solution:
27. From Problem 15, determine the efficiency of the screw with collar friction.
Solution
To = torque required to raise the load without friction
D 49.531
= W ( ) tan∝ =(45.05) ( ) (0.0803)=89.59 kN-mm= 89.59 N-m
2 2
28. From Problem 15, Find the maximum direct stress in the screw.
Solution
w 45 050
Sc = compressive stress = ( ) = ( 44.0625 2
) =29.5Mpa
Ar π( )
2
Sc 29.5 2 2
Ss(max) = √Ss2 + = √29.762 + =33.2 Mpa
4 4
29. A square thread power screw has a major diameter a=of 32-mm and a pitch of 4-
mm with double threads, and it is to be used in an application similar to that of
the figure below. Applicable data are thread and collar coefficient of friction
equal to 0.08, collar diameter of 40-mm, and a load of 6.4-kN per screw. Determine:
a. Thread depth, thread width, mean or pitch diameter, minor diameter, and lead.
b. Torque required to rotate the screw “against” the load.
c. Torque required to rotate the screw “with” the load.
d. Overall efficiency.
162
Square And Acme Threads with Preferred Pitches for Acme Threads
(a) From the square thread figure above, it can be seen the thread depth and
width are the same and equal to half the pitch, or 2-mm. Also
P 4
dm = d - = 32 - = 30mm
2 2
dr = d – P = 32 – 4 = 28mm
l = nP = 2 x 4 = 8mm
163
(b) For a square thread, the torque required to raise the load is:
Fdm l+ μπdm Fμc dc
Tr = ( ) +
2 πdm -μl 2
(c) The torque required to lower the load, rotate the screw with the aid of the
load is:
The negative sign in the first term indicates the screw alone is not self-locking
and would rotate under the action of the load except for the fact collar friction
is present; and, must be overcome, too. That is, torque required to rotate the
screw “with” the load is less than necessary to overcome collar friction alone.
Fl 6,400 x 0.008
ɳ = = = 0.31
2πT 2π(26.2)
a. Find the axial resisting load F and the combined efficiency of the screw and
collar.
b. Indicate whether the screw is self-locking or not.
c. Find the most critical section and determine safety factor assuming that the
load is static. Nut and power screw are made of AISI 1040 HR steel.
For A
Root Diameter;
dr = d-p = 36-6
dr = 30mm
164
Mean Diameter;
p 6
dm = d - = 36-
2 2
dm = 33mm
Lead;
l = p = 6mm
Input Torque;
P 3kW
T = = rev rad
n 1 *2π
s rev
T = 477N-m
Fdm l+ πμdm
T = (πd ) + μc rc F
2 m- μl
F = 65kN
Overall efficiency;
Work Output Fl
e = =
Work Input T2π
65kN(6x10-3 )m
e =
477N-m(2)π
e = 0.13 or 13%
For B
Self-locking is obtained for square threads when µ > tgλ
Where:
l
λ = tg-1
πdm
6
In this problem 0.14 > so screw is self-locking alone.
π(33)
For C
Compressive stress between collar and nut;
F 4F 4(65x103 N)
σc = = 2 = 2
Ar πdr [π(30x10-3 )m]
σc = 92MPa
Shear stress due to collar torque between collar and nut;
τ = 49.6MPa
Combined stress between collar and nut;
165
σ 2 92 2
τmax = √( 2c) + τ2 = √( 2 ) + 49.62
τmax = 67.6MPa
Shear stress between the motor and the nut;
τ = 90MPa
F F 65x103 N
τ = = p H = 60
As πdr π(30)( )
2 p 2
τ = 23MPa
Average bearing stress in the screw threads;
F F 65x103 N
σb = = H = 60
Ab π(d2 -dr 2 ) π(362 -302 )
p 6
σb = 5.2MPa
The safety factor;
Sy
Ssy ⁄2
n = = τ
τ
166