Venn Diagrams

LOGICAL REASONING

Copyright © 2014-2020 TestBook Edu Solutions Pvt. Ltd.: All rights reserved
 Download Testbook App

Venn Diagrams
A venn diagram is the easiest way to express the relationship between sets. Each set is
shown as a circle and circles overlap if the set intersect.

Rule : 1
n (A ∪ B) = n (A) + n (B) this set are disjoint.
Rule : 2
n (A ∪ B) = n (A) + n (B) – n ⋅ (A ∩ B)
Rule : 3
n (A ∩ B) = Φ then n (A ∪ B) = n (A) + n (B)

Rule : 4
n (A ∪ B ∪ C) = n (A) + n(B) + n(C) – n (A ∩ B) – n (A ∩ C) – n (B ∩ C)

Venn diagram of two sets:

(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B), Num of ‘A’ & ‘B’ here is known as ‘’A union B’’ i.e A ∪ B.

A ∪ B = n(A) + n(B) – A ∩ B

A ∩ B is called “A intersection B’’, or that part which is common in A & B.

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 2

 Download Testbook App

Example:
Venn diagram of Men and Father Where some men can be father so the possible Venn
diagram will be:

Venn diagram of three sets: A, B & C

Example:
Female, mother, Doctor Some female can be mother also doctor so the Venn diagram
is given below:

Means: there are some female can be mother and as well as Doctor – Some Doctor
can be female only and some female can be mother only-
Disjoint:-

E ∩M = Φ

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 3

 Download Testbook App

Set E and M is not joint together. So, there is no relation between them.
Example:
English, Mathematics There is no relationship between English and Mathematics as
both are the different subjects, they are not connected to each other.

Basic Relation
In this section, general relations are given by the examiner and students have to find
the best Venn Diagram for those relations.
Example:
Mother, Grandmother, Females
Sol: As, all grandmothers are mothers and both mother and grandmother are female.

Therefore, it can be best shown as:

Q. Identify the diagram that best represents the relationship among classes given
below.
Brinjal, Banana, Vegetables

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 4

 Download Testbook App

A. Brinjal is a type of vegetable.

And,
Banana is a fruit.
The correct Venn diagram representation is:

Q. Which of the following Venn diagrams best illustrates the relation between the
three given classes?
Professor, Student, Player

A. Professor, Student, Player.

A professor can also be student to someone else and can also be a player.
A student can be a professor and a player.
The correct Venn diagram representation is:

Geometrical Relation
In this section, some relations are given in geometrical form and students have to find
the best Venn Diagram for those relations.
Example:
In the following figure, circle represents bed sheet, triangle represents pillow and
square represents blanket. Which set of letters represents all the three elements?

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 5

 Download Testbook App

A. Here, D represents all three elements.

Q. In the given Venn diagram, the circle represents ‘PhD students’, the triangle
represents ‘science students’ and the rectangle represents ‘girls’. The
numbers given in the shapes represent the number of persons of that
particular category. How many girls are PhD students but are NOT science
students?

A. : From the given diagram,

The shaded part represents girls who are PhD students but not science students =
11 + 8 = 19
Hence, “19” is the correct answer.

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 6

 Download Testbook App

Q. In the following Venn diagram, the rectangle represents the number of RPS
supporters, the triangle represents the number of MI supporters and the circle
represents the number of KKR supporters. How many of them support MI and
KKR but not RPS?

A. From the given figures,

The shaded part represents the number of supporters for MI and KKR but not RPS.
Hence, “2” is the correct answer.

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 7

 Download Testbook App

Common Mistake

And: And represents for Both of the given elements.

Example:
1) Big triangle represents artists
2) Small triangle represents scientists
3) Square represents dancers
4) Circle represents doctors

We need to find out the portion which is only common in Big triangle, circle and square
as that common portion represents the artists who are the doctor and dancers only.

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 8

 Download Testbook App

Common Mistake
Hence, "G" represents the artists who are the doctors and dancers only.
Whereas,
Or: Or represents for Either of the given elemets.
Example:
In the following figure, rectangle represents Pharmacists, circle represents Lyricists,
triangle represents Cooks and square represents Fathers. Which set of letters
represents Pharmacists who are either Fathers or Cooks?

Sol:

Hence, CEF letters represents Pharmacists who are either Fathers or Cooks.

LOGICAL REASONING | Venn Diagrams PAGE 9