Learning Area SCIENCE Grade Level 6

W4-5 Quarter 4th Date

I. LESSON TITLE Earth’s Motion
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING EC: Demonstrate rotation and revolution of the Earth using a globe to
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) explain day and night and the sequence of seasons.
MELC: Differentiate between rotation and revolution and describe the
effects of the Earth’s motion.
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Motions of the Earth / Rotation and Revolution
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I. Introduction (Time Frame: DAY 1-2)
You have learned from your previous lesson that Philippines has two distinct seasons in relation to its physical
and geographical location on Earth, the average temperature and amount of rainfall, and the Earth’s position
around the sun during its revolution. This time, you will learn the different Earth’s motion in relation to the day and
night, sequence of seasons of countries on Earth, and effects of Earth’s motions.
The Earth is made of rocks, soil, water, and air. It is one of the planets that spins and travels around the Sun.
The Earth is a very tiny part of the universe, but home to many forms of life. The Earth moves at a constant motion.
Basically, the motions of the Earth can be classified into two ways: Rotation and Revolution.

Everyday, the Sun appears to rise in the east, travel across the sky, and
set in the west. You can observe this day in and day out. But the Sun does not
move from east to west. Instead, the Earth is spinning on its axis at a regular and
steady rate once every 24 hours or 1 whole day. This movement of Earth on its
axis is called rotation. Earth's axis is an imaginary pole going right through the
center of Earth from North to South. The direction of Earth’s rotation is from west
to east or counterclockwise.
Look at Figure 1 on the left as the Earth is represented by a globe. A globe
is a spherical model of Earth. In this figure, you will see that the Earth rotates on
its axis counterclockwise and that spinning of Earth on its axis is the Earth’s
motion called rotation. One complete rotation of the Earth makes up a one
complete day with day and night happening within 24 hours.
Figure 1: Earth’s rotation on its axis
Photo from https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/pdf-view/18201 Effects of Earth’s Rotation: Day and Night
The Sun is the closest star to Earth. The sun seems to rise in the east
and set in the west. The apparent movement of the Sun is due to the
direction of Earth’s rotation. This rotation of Earth causes day and night.
Look at Figure 2, this time the illustration shows the sunlight (as represented
by the arrows in the figure) receives by the Earth on some of its parts
making it daytime for these parts facing the Sun. On the other hand, the
figure also shows that as the Earth rotates, the other side of the Earth do
not receive sunlight making it nighttime on these parts of the Earth that are
not receiving direct sunlight.
Figure 2: Earth’s rotation causing day and night
Photo from https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/pdf-view/18201
The second motion of the Earth is that it travels around the Sun
in space. This movement of Earth around the Sun is
called revolution. The Earth revolves around the Sun in
a counterclockwise direction. It takes the Earth one
year or 365 ¼ days to revolve around the Sun. The
Gregorian calendar we presently use has only 365 days
in a year. So, to compensate for the excess time and to
keep the calendar in sync with the revolution of the
Earth, a leap year is used for every four years. A leap
year adds one day to the end of February once every
fourth year to complete the 365 and ¼ days.
Figure 3: Earth’s revolution on its orbit around Sun In Figure 3, the arrows show the motion of Earth as it revolves around
Photo from https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/pdf-view/18201 the Sun through its orbit, Earth’s orbit is an elliptical path space where
it takes around the Sun. This motion is called revolution.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Effects of Earth’s Revolution: Four Seasons
It takes 365 ¼ days or one year for Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun. In some countries, this
movement of the Earth causes four (4) seasons namely summer, autumn, winter, and spring. Different parts of the
Earth have different seasons all throughout the year because of the Earth’s revolution and the tilt of its axis. The
Earth tilts at 23.5 degrees. As the Earth moves around the Sun, the Earth’s axis is always tilted in the same direction
throughout its orbit. As a result, different parts of the Earth receive different amounts of sunlight at different times
of the year.

Summer begins in the northern hemisphere on

June 21. During this time, the North Pole is tilted to its
full 23.5 degrees towards the Sun. The northern
hemisphere experiences its longest daylight period.
At the same time, the southern hemisphere
experiences the shortest daylight.
Autumn starts in the northern hemisphere on
September 21. During this time, the Sun is over
equator this time and the axis of Earth is neither tilted
toward nor away from the Sun. Also on September
21, the length of the day and night are again of
equal length. It is called autumnal equinox.
Winter starts on December 21. At this time, the
Figure 4: The Earth at different positions showing the different seasons
North Pole is tilted to its full 23.5 degrees away from Photo from https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/pdf-view/18201
the Sun. The longest daylight occurs in the southern
hemisphere while the shortest daylight period occurs in northern hemisphere.
Spring begins on March 21 in the northern hemisphere. During this time, the Sun is over the equator and the
Earth’s axis is neither tilted toward nor away from the Sun. On March 21, the length of the day and night is equal.
This is called spring equinox.

D. Development (Time Frame: DAY 3-4)

Learning Task 1: Draw a diagram of rotating Earth in this box

and explain why the Earth has day and night. Do these on
your answer sheets.

Learning Task 2: Draw a diagram of revolving Earth around

the sun in this box and explain the sequences of seasons. Use
arrow to represent the direction of its movement.

Explain why Earth has day and night.

_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Explain why Earth has sequences of seasons.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Learning Task 3: Complete the information needed in table below about the Earth’s motions.

ROTATION REVOLUTION
Time to
complete the
motion

Direction of
motion

Reference point
for movement

Effects of motion

E. Engagement (Time Frame: DAY 4-7)

Learning Task 4: On your answer sheets, label the diagram on the right based on how you understand the reasons
for the occurrence of seasons include the following:
1. The name of each season
2. The date each season begins
3. The Earth’s axis, showing the tilt
4. Arrows to show the movement of the Earth around the Sun

Learning Task 5: Create a short video presentation on how day

and night occur during the rotation of Earth. Make use of a globe
or available materials at home that will look like Earth, and a
flashlight or any material at home that will be like the Sun
producing light. On your video presentation, show and explain
the occurrence of day and night as the Earth rotates. Send your
short video presentation to your teacher. Be guided by the
scoring rubric for video presentation.
SCORING RUBRIC FOR VIDEO PRESENTATION
Excellent Very Satisfactory Satisfactory Beginner
4 3 2 1
Content The video presentation The video presentation The video presentation The video presentation
has complete lacks one (1) of the lacks two (2) of the lacks more than two of
materials, explanation, needed contents in needed contents in the needed contents in
and correct presentation of Earth’s presentation of Earth’s presentation of Earth’s
demonstration of rotation. rotation. rotation.
Earth’s rotation.
Organization The video presentation The video presentation The video presentation The video presentation
is very organized, and is very organized, and is very organized, and is confusingly
all details can be easily most details can be somewhat details can organized, and details
understood. easily understood. be easily understood. are hard to be
understood.
Creativity and Effort Video presentation is Video presentation is Video presentation is Video presentation is
very creatively done creatively done and somewhat creatively done basically and
and shows an excellent shows a very done and shows a shows limited effort.
effort. satisfactory effort. satisfactory effort.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
A. Assimilation (Time Frame: DAY 8-9)
Remember that the two basic motions of Earth are:
▪ Rotation that causes day and night. It takes place on its axis within 24 hours.
▪ Revolution that causes four seasons in some countries. It takes place on its orbit within 365 ¼ days.
Learning Task 6: Answer the following in paragraph form. Do these on your answer sheets.
1. How does the earth move in space?
2. Why do we need to have a leap year once every four years?
3. Explain why it can be dark in Philippines and daytime in New York City at the same point in time. Use the
terms rotation, Sun, and Earth.
4. Explain why seasons occur.
V. ASSESSMENT (Time Frame: DAY 10-11)
(Learning Activity Sheets for Enrichment, Remediation, or Assessment to be given on Weeks 3 and 6)
Learning Task 7: Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. Which statement about Earth's rotation and its revolution is correct?
A. It takes Earth longer to rotate on its axis than revolve around the Sun.
B. It takes Earth longer revolve around the Sun than to rotate on its axis.
C. It takes Earth longer to rotate around the Sun than revolve on its axis.
D. It takes Earth longer revolve around the Sun than to revolve on its axis.
2. What causes the apparent movement of the Sun across the sky during the day on Earth?
A. Location of Earth in space C. Revolution of Earth in its orbit
B. Rotation of Earth on its axis D. Objects are moving around the Earth
3. How long does it take for Earth to rotate once on its axis?
A. 1 day B. 1 year C. 1 week D. 1 month
4. Which best explains why Earth has day and night?
A. Earth rotates on an axis C. Earth revolves around the Sun
B. The moon rotates on an axis D. Earth revolves around the Sun
5. The Earth is tilted _____ degrees from the right –angled position.
A. 21 ½ B. 22 ½ C. 23 ½ D. 24
6. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, the Southern Hemisphere is experiencing ________.
A. Autumn B. Summer C. Winter D. Spring
7. It is a time of a year when the length of daytime and nighttime is equal.
A. Winter solstice B. Summer solstice C. Equinox D. Axis
8. In a leap year, February has how many days?
A. 27 B. 28 C. 29 D. 30
9. Which term describes the movement of the Earth around the sun?
A. Rotation B. Revolution C. Spinning D. Precession
10. How long does it take for the Earth to go one complete revolution around its orbit?
A. 12 hours B. 24 hours C. 36 hours D. 48 hours
VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: DAY 12)
• Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the column
for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
✓ - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this
task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6
VII. REFERENCES Science Beyond Borders 6 Textbook pp. 208-211
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/pdf-view/18201

Prepared by: PHIL CHRISTIAN A. MERINO Checked by: Carmela Ezcel A. Orogo
Jee-Ann O. Borines
Abner L. Pureza
Ronaldo P. Bago