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ENGLISH LESSON TR.KEVIN.

CONJUNCTIONS.
 These are joining words.
 They are used to join words, phrases or clauses in a sentence.
 These conjunctions show relationship among the different parts of
the sentence.
 Conjunctions are used to
 Give additional information – They are known as additional
conjunctions.
 Give contradicting information – Also known as Contrasting
conjunctions.
 Show Results.
 Comparison.
 Time.
 Choice.
 Condition.
 There are three types of conjunctions
 These are :
 Coordinating conjunctions.
 Subordinating Conjunctions.
 Correlative conjunction
 Conjunctive adverbs.

 We shall start by looking into COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS.

 These are words that are used to join words or groups of words with
equal weight or have the same idea ,give extra information.
 They are used for various reasons and to bring out various ideas

1. ADDITIONAL CONJUNCTIONS.
They show extra information, or join a positive idea to another positive
idea or a negative idea to a negative idea.

Examples Include:

(i) In addition to.

(ii) And.

(iii) Moreover.

(iv) Also.

(v)Not only--------but also (correlative conjunctions)

(vi) Besides.

(vii)On top of.

(viiiI )Apart from.

(ix) Both-----------and.

(X) Including.

- Mary is not only a bright girl but also active.

-He is hardworking moreover.

-Both Mark and Eric are absent.

2 Contrasting Conjunctions.
 They give opposite information of what had just been said.
 The ideas given are different but in the same sentence.
Examples: (i) However. (ix)even though.
(ii)But. (x)even if.
(iii) In spite of (Xi) Whether----------or
(iv) nevertheless. (xii)while.
(v)On the contrary (xiii) whereas
(vi) Yet. etc.
(vii) Instead of
(viii) despite the fact that.
-It has been raining the whole day, however, the sun is creeping in
slowly.
-Even though she has been admitted she has fully recovered.
3. CONDITIONAL CONJUNCTIONS.
 Conditional sentences are sentences that have two parts and for
one part to be complete the other must be complete.
Examples:
(i)If
(ii)If only.
(iii)unless.
(iv)Not until.
(v)Once.
(vi)Provided.
(Vii) Had

- If you study hard you will pass.

- Unless you heed to advice you will not be successful.
- Not until we get home, shall we be safe.
4. CONJUNTIONS OF REASON.
 These conjunctions tell or show the reason.
Examples:
(i) So.
(ii) Since.
(iii) Because.
(iv) Therefore.
(v) As.
(vi) For.

-We have been working hard therefore we expect to pass.

-She was absent because she was sent home for school fees.
5. CONJUNCTIONS OF RESULT.
They show the result of an action.

Example :

(i) As a result.
(ii) Therefore
(iii) In consequence.
(iv) For that reason.
(v) Thus.
(vi) For this reason.
(vii) Hence

- Mr.Komo has been absent for two weeks thus we haven’t covered the
syllabus.
-Covid-19 is a global pandemic hence air travel was suspended
indefinetly.
6. CONJUNCTIONS OF TIME.
They connect when an event or action happened.

Examples.

(i)When. (vi)While.

(i)After. (Vii)As.

(iii)before. (viii)As soon as.

(iv)until. (ix)until/till.

(v)since. (x)after,

Example :

-When I got home she was playing with the cat.

-As soon as we got to the port the ferry left.

(The lesson Shall be Continued tomorrow, ensure you differentiate all

the types of coordinating conjunctions as they are bound to be tested
in the national Examination)