THE

P LA C E NAM E S

FIFE AND KIN RO S S

W .
J . N . L ID DAL L

ED I NBUR GH

WIL L I AM GR EEN S ON S

1 896
 I N T R O D U CT I O N

T H E fol l ow in g w or k has two obj ec t s i n V iew T he fi rst i s

.

to enab le the ge n era l reader to a c quire a k n owle dg e of

the s igni fican c e of the n am es of places arou n d hi m n am es -

he is daily using A g reater interest is popula r ly tak e n

.

i n this su bj ect than is apt to be suppose d an d excel l e n t

,

p r o of of this is afford e d by the existence of the stra n g e

corruptio n s which place nam es are wo n t to assu m e by
r eason of the effo r t on the part of people to gi v e som e
m e an in g to wor d s oth e rwise u n in t e l ligibl e to them T he .

oth e r obj e ct of the book is to place the resu l ts of the

writer s research at the d isposa l of students of th e sam e
’

subj ect or of those sciences such as h i story to which it

, , ,

m ay be auxil iary .

T he i nd ispu tabl e co n clu sio n to which an a n alysis of

F ife — a n d K in ross for th is pu rpose m ay be consi d ered a
pa r t of F ife — p l ace n am e s con d ucts is that the nom e n
,

c l a t u r e of the coun ty m ay be d escribed as pu re l y of

G oi de l ic o r igi n that is to say as b e longin g to th e
, ,

I rish branch of the Celtic dialects an d as perfe ctly

,

free from B rytho n ic ad m i xtu r e . Th e r e are a few

n am e s of Teuto n ic o r igin bu t these are so to
, ,

speak a cciden ta l to the topography of F i fe

, T o put .

i t bri e fly in th e i nte r pr e tation o f th e p l ace n am es o f

,

F ife the d istric t m ay be treat ed as if i t b e longed to

an cient I rel an d . Whil e this is true the r e ar e two
,

advantages which the stu d en t of I r ish plac e nam e s

v iii THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE AND K I NR O S S
possesses o v er the stu d en t o f those of F i fe : ( )
I I n m a n y
parts of I relan d the n am es are sti l l spok e n by peopl e
u si n g the origi n a l Ce l tic d ia l ect an d ( 2 ) E ve n w here th is ,

is n ot so th e y are s ti ll preser v ed in l iterary a n d ac cu r ate

,

form F or these reaso n s it is a l m ost a l ways possi b l e with

.

r egar d to I r i sh n am es to d eterm i n e w ith certai nty wh e ther ,

for exam p l e K il stan d s for the Ce l tic coz l l e = a wood or

'

, ,

for a l oan word represen tin g the L at i n cel l a in the sens e

-

of a church I n F ife on the oth e r ha n d the solutio n of

.
, ,

su ch a c ase d epe n ds e ntire l y on p r o b abil i ty B u t F i fe has .

at l east on e cou n terbalan c ing a d van tage T here the .

Cel ti c d ia l ect ceas ed to be spoke n a n d the n am es in c on ,

sequ en c e were stereotype d a t a perio d wh e n the l a n gu age ,

ex isted in a m u ch pu r er form a n d on e less weake n e d by

pho n etic decay The fol low i n g is a si m ple i ll ustration of
.

wh at is m ean t T he F ife n am e B e ath ( or B eith as it is

.

writte n in A yrshir e ) is the a n cie n t G ae l ic wor d bait é b irch /

tree I n m o d ern G a e lic th e fi n al t h of be z Z/z is qu i e sc e n t

’

.
,

a n d he n c e i n the E nglish spel ling of I rish n am es the t e rm

appears as bay (eg i n B a ll ybay) -

S o again the F i fe
. .

river n am e L e v en from l ea m k cm an e l m appears in, ,

I r el a n d i n E ngl ish form as L au ne a n am e w hich wou ld ,

have been d iffi cu l t to trace to i ts origi n had n ot its l iterary

form be e n preser v e d in I rish .

The vo w e l cha n ges m oreo v er i n d icative of Cel ti c in , ,

fi e x iOn are ofte n preserved with rem ark a b le fi de l ity in the

,

1
ear l ier spe l l ings of F i fe n am e s Thus i n A rdr ois (n ow .

written A r dr os) 70 219 is a n approxi m atio n to the correct

,

gen itive of 705 The phon etic sp e l l ing of the form app e ars
.

i n P ort r ush S o agai n in B u rn t u r k turk r e presents

.
,
~

the ge n iti v e o f torc ; an d i n D r u m n a goil god r e

'
‘
z u zr c , ,

In r e fer e n c e t o th e G ae l i c t i
en r es W h it l ey
in th e B ook o
f D eb ;
Mr .

S t ok es says Th e d ec l en s i on a l for m s ar e sc an t y bu t s u ffi c i en t t o sh ow t h a t

,

th e H i gh l a n d er s d e c l i n ed t h e i r n ou n in t h e e l e ven t h c en tu ry as fu l l y a s t h e

I r i sh
”
.
p I I 3 . .
 INTROD UC TION ix

p re se n ts the
gen itive of gall A l though there is n o c on
.

v e n ien t n am e in E n g l ish for this process of fo r m in g

in fl exio n s it i s i l lustrated by su ch form ation s as f eet
,

from f oot .

A cons id erab l e propo r tio n of F ife p l ac e n am e s is thu s

capable of i n terpretation at sight b u t a large n u m be r , ,

com p r isi n g ofte n n am es of the gr e at e st in t e r e st are to b e ,

so l ve d only by patie n t searchin g for the e ar l i e st recorde d

form s an d by a car e fu l c om parative study of nam e s
,

s im il a r ly con structe d e xisting e l s e wh e re T he work is n o .

doubt labo r ious bu t the resu lts a re always i n teresti n g an d

,

o ften im portant Take for insta n c e the n am e B l ebo

.
, ,

it is traced through Bl a b o B l a t h b ol g til l i t is ide n t ifie d

’

, ,

i n ori gi n if n ot i n l ocal ity with the E latu m B ol gion of

, ,

the A n to n ine I tinerary ; an d as thi s E latu m B ol gion is

suppos e d to h av e b ee n in D u m friesshire the i n fe re n ce ,

arises that th e cycl e s of Ce ltic l e g e n d r e peate d them s el v e s

i n va r ious an d wid e ly s e parated local ities
-
Or tak e th e .
,

L atin look ing word L e dl a t ion

-
H ow eas i l y i t is r e ad
.

whe n i t is fo u nd ( an d it is on ly on ce that it is foun d )

writt e n L adgl a s c h u n S o also how hop e l e ss is the ex
.
, ,

pla n atio n of L iz z ie w e l l s til l it is fou n d w r itt e n L at is h oil l

o r th e nam e D em ons u n l e ss the o l d e r sp e l l ing D e m u n gis
, ,

an d the paral l e l n am e L e D y m m y n s i n Cornwal l are ,

n oticed . A gain R ires wou ld be hop e l e ss of solutio n u n l ess

,

th e old sp e llin g R e r a y s the paralle l n am e s R ywra y is

, ,

B u l wra y is i n R en fr e wshire the I celan di c wor d n a ep n a r ezt r

’

, ,

and th e t e rm stil l us ed i n F ife to i nd icat e a cattl e cou r t -

,

were al l stud i e d comparativ e ly N or wou l d i t be rea d ily

.

guess e d that the nam e Chem ises consiste d of two old

F r e n ch wor d s s ignifyin g th e chief m a n or house of an -

e state . O ther st r ang e d isgu ises ar e Cotton B ungs G oat , ,

m ilk an d N a k e dfie l d Thu s th e wo r k cal ls for a n accurate

, .

know le dg e of the r u les which hav e be e n asc e rtain ed by th e

sci e nc e of Comparativ e P hi l ology to apply with i nfl e xibl e
 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND K I J VR OS S

c ertai n ty to the process es o f phon etic d e ge n e ratio n A nd .

i t is n ot m er e ly th e com parati ve ly m e cha n ical process of

d ecay d u e to the u n co n sc i ou s effo r t for e ase of pro n u n c ia
ti on that has to be co n s idered b u t also th e s ubtle m ental ,

ten d en cy to by which I m e an to twis t a n am e

of u n i n t el l igibl e m ea n in g i n to a kn ow n word A n d so .

d efi n itely m ay this com parative stu d y be c a rr ied ou t that ,

the ancien t form of a place n am e m ay be reco n struct ed

j ust as accurately as the z oologist w i ll rebu il d the sk el eton
of s om e exti n ct anim a l from the in fo r m atio n su pp l ie d by
a si n g l e bo n e .

M any a r e the resu lts obtain ab l e from the study of p l ace

n am e s T hu s for e xam p l e tak i n g the n am es co n tai n e d
.
, ,

in this b ook we fi n d the early appeara n ce of the cou n try

,

c l ear l y set forth .

T here existe d a great n u m b e r of peat bogs — especially

in the easter n parts —which agricu ltura l i m provem e n t has
n ow rem o v ed The lan d was gen era ll y wet an d u nd rai n e d
.
-
,

an d m orasses an d m arshy l och s were so abu n d ant th at ,

whe n a sp e cia l ly d ry pi e ce of l an d ex isted its ex ,

c e p t ion a l Character is fou n d to m erit n otic e i n its n am e

( g
e . S t ra t h t y ru m ) F orests an d i n n u m erabl e woo d s
.

covere d the c ou n try as F ot h r eve F ot h ros an d th e m any

, , ,

“
K i ls attest T hese woo d s co n s ist ed of oak el m sloe
.
, , ,

y e w ash birch al d er an d thorn

, , ,
B rid g e s are n ot m en
,
.

t ion ed bu t ford s ar e
,
Ti l lage we fi n d to have prevai l ed
.

to a v e ry l i m ited exte n t m e re ly as the o n l y wor d s i n ,

refere n ce ar e L oc h or n ie th e bar l ey loc h an d Cr aigen , ,

G a w the w i n n owing rock

,
"e t there were r ic h bits of.

fi n e pastu r e as the P o d s F oot h ie s a n d I n ch e s ind icate

, ,
.

The F i fe farm er o f thos e d ays w as pastoral ow n ing abu n ,

d an ce of cattle sheep goats an d swi n e an d occ asional ly

, , , ,

horses b u t th e m o d e r n agri c ul turist with h is artifi cial

, ,

m an u res an d his pate n t r eapin g an d bin d in g m achin e s ,

ha d n o prototype am o n g the anc ien t F i fe fol k .

 INTRO D U C TION xi

A m on g work m e n the sk il l e d a r t ific e r the sm ith the

, , ,

shepher d the tan n e r the fu l ler an d the sho e m ak e r w e r e

, , , ,

k n own ; w hi l e the fi sher the hunter a n d the ath l ete wh o , ,

c ou ld m ak e a re cor d thro w w ere d u ly recog n ise d , .

T he l ist of an i m a l s com prehen d s the roe d eer the h i n d , ,

the fox the wi l d cat the boar the ba d ger an d t h e ra b bit

, , , , .

The eag l e had his ri d ge an d the hawk hi s c rag an d the ,

d uck goose grouse pigeon an d blackbird al l give n am e to

, , , ,

p l aces while Th om an e a n and K il n y n a n e were respectively

the knol l an d the woo d where the l ittle songst e rs pou red
fo r th their lays Tu rn in g to socia l organ isation the m any
.
,

n ames con tai n in g é a zl e show that in F i fe the town l an d

'

system was as w e l l devel oped as in I r ela n d while the ,

n am e B l a w h idde r or tow n of the cottar cl ub proves the

, ,

e ar l y ex iste n ce of c o Operatio n The com m onty was a

-
.

wel l establ ished i n stitu tion

- Th e necessity for a n d th e .
,

m ea ns of d efe n ce ar e i l lustrate d by the i nnu m e rab l e

D un s an d Cars an d R aths yet a S axon a We l sh m an , , ,

a n d a stranger we re allowe d to ha v e s e tt l em e nts a n d a ,

fort of robbers an d at l e ast two town s of thie v es had to be

e n d u red . S pea r s a r rows an d sword s are referred to
, , .

“ ” ”
T he n am e K n ok m a dy r or h i l l of the m ea d cup is th e
“
, ,

only e v id e n ce o f d ri n ki n g custom s A s il lustrative of .

su perstition s we m eet with a F airy G le n an d an old D r ui d

,

or M agician s R idge a n d both a fort an d a woo d took

’

n am e from cha r m ed serp e nts N am e s co n tain ing va r iou s .

words for pi l lar ston es exist i n great ple n ty over the

-

whol e d ist r ict and the givi ng of these n am es t e nds to m ake

,

the i n fe re nc e p r obabl e that these s to n es were erected by a

r ace who occu pi e d the coun t r y b efore the Cel ts N ot the .

least int ere sting of th e se n am es i s the obso le t e on e

”
M a wc l oy c h which m ust h a ve refe rred to the stil l
,

”
S ta n di n g S ton e s of O rwe ll T he n am e has gone b u t .
,

the stones r e m ain .

On e of the m ost noteworthy resu l ts o f an exam i n at i o n

xii TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
of F i fe p l ac e nam es i s the fact that ther e i n are pr e s e rv ed
so m a n y of the person a l n am es c om m o n to th e cycles of
Celtic l egen d an d poet r y Thus Con c h obh a r or Co n no r
.

app e ars i n B a l gon a r ; M arcan or in its W e lsh form , , ,

M e irc h ion i n M ark i n ch an d P it c on m a r k

,
N e c h t a n or its ,

Welsh form N e it h on in N aughton and i n B a n n a t y ; th e

, ,

son s of Ca l at en in K irkca l dy ; an e lem e n t o f Cym b e l in e i n

B e l ey ; B rea s e l in D o n ibr i st l e an d Ca rs p e r s e l l Ca irb r e ,

i n Carberry a n d s o forth
,
A rthu r ia n l oc al ities are r e
.

p r esent ed b y Cra iga r t e r Cl oc h a r t h a w B en a r t y H i l l a n d

, , ,

th e M aid e ns Cast l e ’
.

The l ast m atter to whic h I shal l d r aw atte n tio n is the

c om parati v e rarity of n am es of Celtic o r igi n i n di cating the

ex ist e nce of the Christi a n re l igion E agl u zlv = a chu r ch .

,

occ urs a few ti m es an d th e n am e of pri est ( s a ga r t

,

sacer d os ) an d of c lergy on c e or twic e A l l the F i fe .

n am es begi n n i n g i n K il with the exc e ptio n of K il m in n in g ,

are d erive d from 502713 a wood a n d n ot from the L ati n

, ,

eel /a a chu rch

,
T h e B rython ic t e rm for a church occu rs
.

thrice n a m ely in L i n d ores L a n diffe r on e an d L u m p h in

, , , ,

an s ,
an d shows the existen c e of Welsh m ission ary e ffort .

The eccl es iastica l term s D ysart a n d S k ry n e are fou n d .

N or m u st the spec i a l words B a n t u s c a l l an d P e tt u s c a l l ,

sig n ifying respectively the tow n an d th e portion of the

’
G ospe l b e om itted from n otic e
,
Th e sai nts n am es to b e .

fou n d are thos e of Col u m ba K e nn e th E t h e r n a n B r ot u s , , , ,

F i n an N idan M onan D r os t a n M a l ie M a r tin an d M u ir n

, , , , , , .

With these gen e r al r e m arks by way of i ll ust r ation th e

book i s n ow l eft to the r e ader i n the hope that th e r e su lts ,

which it em bodi e s m ay be i nt e resting an d u s e ful .

 A B B R E V I A T I ON S

F OR A UT H OR I T I E S R E F E R R E D TO

(A ) Ch a r t u l a r y of S t A n d r e ws
. .

’
B
( ) B l eau s A tl a s .

(D ) Ch a rt u l a ry of D u n fe r m l i n e .

M e P z efs Me
’
K
( ) S k en e Cl zr ofl i el es f and
'

s o

(M S ) M a n u s c r i p t s in A d v oc a t e ’
s L ibr ar y .

(R ) R ob e r t s on ’
s In dex of M i ss i ng Cfi a r i er s .

(S) R egi s ter o f M e Gr ea t S ea l .

(T) T h om s on R efozi r s
’
s .

(W ) Wa l es
’
S k en e s A flei en t B ooks o
f .

I . i n d i c a t es a w h oll y or p a r tl y pa ra ll e l I r i sh n ame .

Th e wr it e r is
u n d er d eep ob l i ga ti on t o S h er i ff M a c k a y for val u ab l e su gges
t i on s gen e rou sl y a ffor d e d t o h im du r i n g th e pr epara ti on of th e b ook a n d t o ,

M r W Cu n in gh a m e S t ee l e M A
. . L L B a d v oc a t e for k i n d assi s t a n c e in
, . .
, . .
, ,

r e v i si on.
P L A C E N A M E S O F F I F E A N D KI N RO S S

Abb ot sh al l A hal l o r re si d enc e of the A bbot ( in this

.

cas e of D u n fer ml ine ) .

Ahden ( of K i ngho r n ) L an ds belongi ng to an A bbacy

.

( of D u n fe rm lin e ) A b da in e i s a Celtic form ation

.

”
m e an ing A bb e y L an d s “
.

Abdie E o L ands belon ging to an A b bacy ( of

’
. eay fl .

L ind or e s ) .

Ab er dol l och e Ab er dol o A b e r d ubh loch m outh of

, .

th e d a r k loch th e r ive r b e ing n am ed fr om the loch

,

fr om which it issu e d .

Ab er dou r A b er + d obhar m ou th of th e wat e r

’
. .

Ab er n et h y Ap a m ez/z zg
. e A b e r + N e c h t an mouth of.

th e r iver b e a r ing the sam e n am e as K ing N e c h t a n .

S e e N aughton .

Ab u su ie ( a l ia s G l a s s l ie
“
T his app e ars to have been
th e n am e of l an ds n e a r K irkcaldy a n d I thin k th e ,

nam e is d er ived from A bbacy ( of D un fe rm l in e ) .

Adt h a n gy '

A th t e anga fo r d of th e tongu e ( of land )

. .

Ai OW Poi n t A rd bogha h e ight of th e b e nd

. See .

C am bo .

AiP dit A r d ath h e ight of th e fo r d

’
. A r a n t /z . .

Air dr i e A rd r e idh high plain

. .

Ait h er n ie
’
N am e d aft e r S t E t h e r n a n
. . .

Al den deic h A l lt + each. bu rn of th e ho r s e s .

Al di e. A l l t = b u rn .

Al mer i a c r u ic k Pr atu m e l e e m os in ia u r a t u s
.
“
Cr u ic k .

is a pi e c e of lan d e nclos e d in th e wi nding of a r iv er .

B
 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
A l m e r ie in d icat e s that it was d e voted to cha r itabl e
purpos e s .

Al y ( a sm al l stream ) . Cp . th e ol d I rish river n am e E al l a

or All o .

An n a c r oic h . A l i fla er oiek . A llt c r oic h bu r n of th e

gal lows This place is i n K in r oss bu t A u l din c r oic h
.
,

is an obsol e t e n am e in th e east of F ife .

An st r uth er A i leer zzy n s t r u i k er

. A i k em e S i r a z k er ( M S ) .
‘
.

Th e n am e U th er U c h t e r S t r u t h e r also occurs ( M S ) .

Th e re s ee m to h ave be e n s e v e ral S t r uthe r s d e rived

from sru thair m e an i ng a p l ac e abou n di ng i n st r eam s
,
.

T h e fi r st pa r t of the word m ay be Teutoni c a fla a e ’

,

m ean ing the other or secon d .

AP dP OS . A r dr ois A rd ros height of the prom onto r y

. .

Th e sp el ling A r dr ois shows th e pr e se r vation of th e

u ml au t of th e gen itiv e as sti l l app e a r s phon etically ,

i n P ortrush .

Ar dyn n ie Ar den y , Cp M o n s A r du e n n a of Caesa r n ow

. .
,

th e A rd e nn es A r d high . .

Ar in din a ge ’
Cp A r n age in A berdee n
. . .

Ar it y Den A r r a zjy A r a ek iy
. Cp I nverarity in F o r far ;
,
. .

also th e I rish n am e A r r ac h t a in yi el d ing the fam i l y ,

n am e O h A r r a c h t a in E ngl ish e d H arrington

’
-
, .

A r a l ory M a w a r dl a ry ( S ) M a efi em er r iy
’
AP l aP y .
,
A rd ,
’
.

+ l a r a c h = h e igh t of the fou n dation or o f the rui n .

M a w is m ach fi e ld S ee M a w c l oic h e tc L arach .

, .
“

is philological ly identi c al with the Engl ish wor d fl oor “

.

Ar l asch e, An der l as ch e .

Ar l ic k Hi l l . A rd
h e ight of the ston e l eac .

Ar n c r oa c h A r d + c r u a c h = h e igh t of the stack ( i e hi l l

. . .

l ik e a stack ) Cp B e n c r u a c h a n I Croaghan
. . . .

Ar n dea n A rd + d ion h e ight of th e p l ac e of prot e ction

. .

Ar n g a s k A W ingr os é
. A r d crask h e ight of the pass . .

D r u m c r e e s k is a n am e i n th is d ist r ict in ( B ) .

Ar n ot . A r d + c n oc = h igh hil l Th e high groun d n e ar .

A r not Tow e r is stil l term e d the K n ock of A rnot .

Ar n ydie S ee N y die
. .

As h es . Cp F oodie a s h . .

Au ch en down ie A chadh d u nan fi e l d of th e l ittl e fort

. .
4 THE PLA CE NA M E S OF FIFE A ND KIN ROSS
Bal b eu ch l ie . B ai l e tow n of bog l a n d
b u igl ea gh .

Bal b ie . B ai l e be in n town on the hi ll .

Bal b ir n ie B a l eo
. r efz i iz B a l br em zy tow n of B ren n an
, .

Cp a sim i lar an ci e nt F rench n am e B r en n ac u m wh ich

.
,

is n ow B er n y R ivi ere -
.

Bal b ou gie B ai l e b u ige town o f d am p n ess

'

. .

Bal b u t h ie B aile . bothan town o f th e hu ts .

Bal c an q u h al B a l ea n eol l B ai l e cean n coi ll e tow n

.

at the hea d of the woo d .

Bal c ar r es B a l ker os
. B a l ea r r ow is ,
An En g l ish pl . .

B ail e car r ach rough town B a l c ir r owy a n am e in .

,

( S ) seem s to be a va r i ant of this n am e

,
.

Bal c a sk ie = t ow n of Cp K il c a sk a n a parish .
,

i n I r el a n d .

Bal c h r ist ie B a ieekr is i ifz Ch ristia n s town a D an ish

’
.
,

n am e .

Bal cl avi e (n ear E l ie ) B a il e + c l a idh ea m h = t ow n of th e

.

sword S e e B u c k l y v ie
. .

Bal cl er a c h e B a il e + c l e ir e ac h = town of the c l ergy

. I . .

B a l c l e ry .

Bal cl u n e . B aile c l uai n

m eadow town .

Bal c omie .B a l eol my B ai le colu m to w n of the d o v es

. .

Bal c on z ie B a l gu k in z ze
. Cons id er ation of this nam e
.

along w ith th e nam e G a r t wh in z e an poi n ts to a person al

n am e Con ga n Th e vow e l change is exact l y il lus
.

t ra t e d by the I rish n am e D r u m qu in D r u m + con .

”
A n o r igi n al g aft e r n is v e r y gen e ral l y w ritte n
“

Bal c or m o
’
B ai l e
. Corm ac Co r m ac s town .

Bal c uP V ie B a l em v ie
. B ail e c r a obh . tow n of trees .

B al c u t y B a il e + c ia d = town of the woo d Cp . .

B a l l e c u t h e i n R oss and th e Co r n ish nam e B a l c oa t h

'

and for ex plan ation s ee Coat e s , .

B al da st ar d B a l s i a r a er i ( M S ) B ai le ard
'
. s t u rr .

town of the poi nt of th e h e ight .

Bal dj n n ie tow n of th e
’
B a l a iny e
. B a il e + da in ge a n
.

fo r t re ss .

B al du t h o B aile D u t h a c s tow n
’
. D u thac .

Bal ek er in Bal c h er in , B ail e + C ia r an = tow n of Ciaran

.
,

l ite r ally l ittl e d a r k m an S ee B l in k e e r ie . .

 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 5

Bal f al g
’ ’
. B a l ga ka r zg . B ail e carrach rocky town .

”
The cor r uption of ch to “
f is com m on both in
G a e l ic an d in Engl ish .

Bal f ou r .B ail e fuar cold town .

Bal gal l yn B ai le + ga l l an
. town of the pi ll ar ston es .

I id e ntify it with th e pres e n t B ogl il ie S ee R u mgal l y . .

Cp I D ru m ga l l a n
. . .

Bal gar vie B ai l e .garbh r ough town .

Bal geddi e B a lga die . B ail e ga du ic h e tow n of thieves . .

Cp P it ge ddie ; I B a l ga ddy
. . .

Bal gon ar B agofla w a 7 B a /gon va r e B a lgon ga k a r e

. B ai l e , , .

Co n choba r = th e town of Con chobar ; L ati n is e d Con

q u ova r u s Conchoba r is th e original form of Con nor
.

so B a l gon a r Con no r s town ’

.

Bal go n i e B a lgow m e B a il e + ga m h a in n tow n of sti r k s

'

. .

or y e ar old c attl e G a m h a in n m ust l iteral ly m ean on e .

“ ”
wint e r old (d er ive d fr om gam b for which see B a l gov e) ,
.

Bal got h r ie B a il e + ga ot h r a c h = wi n d y town

. .

Bal gove B ail e

.
ga m h town of th e win try sto r m .

G am b is th e etym ological equ ival e nt of L a t hi e m s .

,

G r X e L/i cé v S an sk hi m a as in H i m al ayas
.
,
.
, .

Bal go w n i e S ee B algonie an oth e r p l ac e nam e i n F i fe of

.
,
-

the sam e o r igin .

Bal gr eigie B aile

’
g r a igh e a c h town abou nd i g i n h e rd s
’
. n .

Bal gr u mm o B ail e gr u a m a c h
. the g l oomy town .

Bal h el vie tow n of

Bal h ou fii e Th is is id e n tical with the old nam e B a l u l ph y
. .

B ai l e + U l fa town of U l fa a son of Cr u it h n e ( K ) , .

Bal h ou sie B a l w ol sy . I n such col location s w stand s .

”
for o r iginal ch Col z ie is sti l l a nam e n ear A uch.

t e r m u c h t y an d doubtl e ss of the same origi n as the

,

latt e r part of B a l h ou s ie .

Bal h u c c a B aile . A cc a town of A cca A cca was .

bishop of H exham but was d rive n from his see i n ,

th e y e ar 73 2 S k e n e s view is that he the n fou nded

.
’

S t A n dr e ws an d that this was th e historical basis of

.
,

the l e ge n da ry fou ndation by S t Re gu l us S ee F i oC . .

’
.

S oot A n t S oe vol iv p 3 1 5
. . .
, . . . .

Bal k a it h l y Town of Ca t h l ac h on e of the m a n y nam es

.
,
6 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
in Ce ltic d e rive d from c a t h = b a t t l e or in G au l ish ,

catu e g Cat u r ige s

, . . .

Bal l eave B a l /oi"

. " Cp the I rish n am e B a l ief w hich i s .
,

B aile H ugh s town The corru ption of dh ’

a odh .

” ”
an d gh in to f occu rs in Cel tic p l ac e nam es an d -
,

the pron u nciation of th e E ngl ish word l augh “

il lust r at e s the sam e pho n etic change .

B al l en k ir k B a il e + c e a rc = gr ou s e town
. I Cool k ir k y . . .

Cea r c is l itera l ly hen an d sta nds for c earc fh r a oic h ,

heather h e n .

Bal l ib evo ( M S ) D esc r i b e d as in th e parish of L es lie

.

( not to be con fou nded with B l ebo) I n ( T ) i t is .

giv e n B a l l il ev o or B a l l il e r o .

Bal l in b r eich B ail e + breac . tow n of the trou t .

Bal l in dar d B a il e + da r t
. town of the hei fer .

Ball in dean B ail e + dio n

. town of the plac e of sh el te r .

Bal l in der r an S e e B a n dir r an . .

B aile + gal l th e strangers tow n ’

Bal l in gall . .

Bal l i n g r y B a l /inga r ie
. B a il e garad h town of the
.

ga r d e n Th e beautifu l s ituatio n of the l a n ds on the

.

south easte r n slope of B e n a r t y H il l are aptly d esc r ibe d

-

by the Cel tic n am e Th e l ocal pron u n ciatio n is .

B in gry for wh ich s e e n ot e on B a n b e a t h

,
I B allingary . . .

B a il e + s a ga r t = p r ie s t s to w n
’
Ball in t a gar t . S a ga r t is .

a loan wor d from L a t sacerdos

-
. .

B al l o n e . B a l l oi m B a il e + u an town of lam bs
. .

Bal m adet h in .

B al m a i n . B ai l e
m id d l e town m ea dh on
I K i l m ai ne . . .

Bal m ak ein M a e l c on s tow n

’
B a h i a /Kay ”
. . .

Bal mbl ae B aile . blath town of flowers I B al l y b l a gh . . .

B al m ea dowside B a l ma a ay s ide B aile m ad adh town ’ ’

. .

of dogs .

Bal m er i n o B aile M e r in a c h M e r in a c h s tow n M eri n

’
.

ach was the n am e of a com pan ion of S t Re gu lu s of .

S t A n d rews
. .

Bal mon t h B aile + m on a dh

. tow n of the m ou n d .

Bal mu l e B a l n a mu l e
. B a il e + m a ol = t ow n on the bare
.

r ock . B a l m ol an is a n am e i n ( A ) bu t i t is u nc er tai n ,

i f id entical with B a l m u l e .
 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 7

Bal mu l l o . B ail e m u l lach town on the su m m it .

Bal mu n go ’
. B a il e + m u in ge a c h = t own of sedg e s . Cp
P it m u n z ie s .

Bal mu t o (pl m u lt ,
B a l m u i a e/z , B a l m u l l o B a il e + m ol t
‘
. . .

town of w e the r s Th e Teuton ic equ ivalent occu r s .

also in F i fe v iz W e dde r s b ie M olt is th e o r igin

,
.
“ ”

of th e E ngl ish wor d m utton th r ough O F m oton ,

. .
,

L ow L a t m u l to . .

Bal n ac a r r on B a il e + c a r r a n = t ow n of th e rocky land

. .

I Ca r ran
. .

Bal n eil N e il s town

’
.

Bal n et h il B a il e + c oil l e
. town of the wood .

Bal oy n gy town of Oin gu s o r A ngus .

Bal qu h om t y B ail e + comar ’

. to w n of the conflu e nce of
two st re am s .

Bal r am B a l r a ka m e
. B ai le + r athan tow n of the littl e .

fort I B alrath
. . .

Bal r eavi e B aile . r iabhach gray or b r ind l e d town .

Bal r ym on t h B aile r igh m on a dh town of th e k ing s ’

.

hill .A s im i la r n am e in th e sam e d ist r ic t is K i lry

m o n th th e old nam e of S t A n d r ews
,
. .

Bal sil l i e B aile. s a il e a c h town of willows I Cu r r a s il l a . . .

B a l su s n y B a l s a my B a il e + S a s s on a c h = t h e S axons
’
. .

town .

Bal t il l y B a l l a l ie
. B a il e + t u l a c h town on the hill
. .

Bal va ir d B a il e + b a r d
. ba r d s town I B allyward ’
. . .

Bal wear ie B ail e .m aer town of th e m a er s or st e wa r ds .

Cp M airs l and ; al so B a l l e w e ir with va r ian t B a l m oir

’

,
.
,

i n B a l q u idde r I T in w e a r I O M B a l l a voa r . .
,
. . . .

Bal y e om an I tak e this to b e a rare i nstanc e in S cotland

.

of th e I r ish form of a fam ily n am e fo r m ed by O ’

.

Thu s O M oc h a in which wou l d be A n glicis e d O M oh a n

’

,
’

with bail e p r efi x e d wou ld giv e B a l y e om a n ; and it ,

should b e n ot e d th e nam e M oc h a in occurs i n K in r oss

i n th e nam e P or t m oa k .

Ban b eat h B ail e . b e ath town of th e bi r ch t ree s B an .

a t the b e ginn ing of nam e s is a contraction of ba il e

and a n th e Ce ltic a r ticl e , .

Ban c h o r y B e a n n c h or. p e ak e d hil l I B a n a gh e r B a n gor . .

,
.
8 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Ban cl ir o B ail e c l e ir e a c h pri e st s town
’
. .

Ban den e B a l l in de n e .

Ban dir r an . B a l l in der r a n . B a il e + da ir e = tow n of the

oakwood I B allin der r y . . .

Ban do n B ail e
. d un town of th e fo r t .

Ban dr u m B a /en a r a m
. B ail e + dru m tow n on the
’
.

r idg e .

B an g a d B ail e
. gad town of the with e s .

Ban gour B ail e + gob h ar

. town of th e goats .

Ban n a fi el d B an og littl e l e a fi el d ’
B a n n oekfi el a
. I . . .

B anoge .

Ban n at y B a n n a efi t in B a l fzeek i e m
. B ai l e + N e c h t an , .

N e c h t a n s tow n
’
.

Ban t u sc al l B ail e ant s ois geu l tow n of the G ospel

.
-
.

Cp P e t t in t os k e l l
. .

Bar n s B e a rn a s
. a gap i n m ou n tai n s . I . B a r n es ,
B a r n is m or e .

Bar n sl ie . B e a rn a s l iath gray hil l pass .

Bar r i n gto n . A n Engl ish settlem e n t .

Ba sp a r d Hil l .

Ba ssagu ar d B es a zleer
’

. .

Bea t h . B e ith
b i rch tree .

Begg . B eag = l ittl e T h e n ou n which was quali fi ed has .

d isappear e d th e adj ective al on e rem ain ing ,

.

Bel ey . I id e n tify this with ol d F i fe n am e B a l l e b e l in ( A ) .

B eli is th e n am e of a Cel tic deity wh e nc e the com ,

pou n d Cu n ob e l in os yi e l d in g the S hak e spearian

Cym belin e S e e B el l iston . .

Bel listo n P e r haps a partial t r an sl ation of B a l l e b e l in

.

( see u nder B e l e y ) S o accord ing to B an n ister s C om isé

.
,
’

P l a ce N a m es B lisl and form e rly Bl is t on is d er iv e d

, , ,

fr om B e li .

Ben a r t y Ca o emi a r iy e ( A
) I f this form give n i n th e
’

. .
,

Chartu l ary of S t A n d r e ws is corr e ct the explanation .

, ,

m ay b e th e sam e as fo r C ae sa r s M on s G e b e n n a ’

C ev e nn e s W e lsh eef a a ridge Th e s e co n d pa r t m ay , .

i ndicate an A r thu rian local ity s o that th e n am e woul d ,

’
m e an A rthu r s R i d ge o r on e of th e m any A rthu r s ’

S eats .
 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 9

Ben n oc h y . B e a n n a ic h t e = b l e s s e d
l a n d s ; b e a n n a ic h t e is
a loan wo r d from L a t b e n e d ictus
-
. .

Bever k a e I do n ot k now i f this n am e is ol d i n F i fe

.
,

but it is e vid e ntly from beaver Cp E n gl ish B e ve rl ey . .

,

B e ve r c oa t e s e tc , .

Bic k ar t on A n Engl ish s e ttlem ent

. .

Bick r am side .

Bigh t y A contraction of som e n am e of which th e fi rst

.

pa r t is bail e j ust as B a l h ou ffi e cam e to be call e d ,

B ow fi e and B a l bie B a w b ie
, ,
.

“
Bi n n Th e, B e in n = t h e p e ak
. B e in n in F ife ge n er .

ally ind icates a poi nt e d su m m it .

Bis h o p h i l l L ike B is h ops h ir e in which i t lies this nam e

.
, ,

o r igin at e s from th e own e r b e in g the A rchbishop of

S t A n d r ews
. .

Bish op sh ir e S hi re i n this n a m e was equ ival e nt to

.
“

ba r ony Th e re was a very consid e rabl e nu m b e r of

.

th e s e i n F i fe as L oc h or esh ir e etc S h er iff M ack ay

, ,
.
,

in his H is tory of F if e sugg e sts the probabil ity of ,

th e s e shir e s originating from anc ien t Ce lti c d ivisions

“
.

B is h op s h ir e is thu s th e barony of th e A rchbishop of

S t A nd re ws an d com p r is e d th e following lands :
.
,

K in n e s sw ood, P owm il l , B a l ge ddie , K il m a ga dw ood,

K in n e s t on B a l n e t h il , P or t m oa k ,
an d B ra c k l y I t is
'

.
,

n ot e wo r thy that the whol e pa r ish of P or t m oa k i n ,

wh ich B ish op sh ir e l i e s was the property of th e Chu r ch , .

Bl adder sh aw Th e shaw or wood of Bl a da r

. S ee .

P it b l a ddo P it b l a da r , .

B l ai r . Bl ar = op e n plain .

Bl air a t h or t . B l a ir/ owa,

an d so stil l p r onou n c e d B lair I
.

+ c oir t h e = op en spac e of th e stand ing sto n es F or .

ful l e xpl an ation s ee un d e r M ilnatho r t .

Bl air c ou sn ie Bl a ir c u r sch en y e
, B lair co r r shangan .

fi e ld of th e rou nd hil l of th e anthi lls T h is .

plac e is to b e i de ntifi e d with the lan d s afte r wards

k n own as B lai r ; East B lai r b e i n g now k nown how ,

ev e r as B e n a r t y
,
.

Bl a ir in b at h ie B l a ir in bot/z ie B l ar
. bothan fi eld of .

th e huts .
10 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Bl air n gon e . fi e ld of the dogs
Blar c on .

Bl al owa n B a il e + l e a m h n a
. town of e l m s .

Bl ar n ek er y B l a r + c a or a c h = op e n fi el d of th e sheep
. .

( )
A contains the fo r m s B l a r e g g
e ro B l a r k e r oc h bu t i t , ,

i s n ot c l e ar i f it is th e sam e plac e as Bl a r n e k e r y .

Bl awh idder B a il e + c oit e ir = t ow n of th e

’ ’
B ogw ia ay
. .

cotta r s This is approx i m at e ly the e x planation ; th e

.

ful l m e aning i nvolv e s th e F re nch wo r d coteri e which ,

L itt r é poi n ts ou t is d erived fr om cot an d sign ifi e d a ,

com pany form ed by a n u m b e r of peasa n ts to hold

l an ds i n servi le tenu r e u nder a lord B l a w h idde r ( or .

B a l q u idde r as it is i n Pe rth ) m e an s the town of a

,

cote r ie or s uch a peasan t cl ub S o also B a l q u ide r oc k .

i n S ti r l in g .

Bl eb o B ta oo Bla o otg B I a a eboZg B l a tk o T his n am e ’

.
,
otg , ,
.

is u n d oubted ly identica l in origin with the B l a t u m

B u l giu m i n th e A nton in e I tin er a r y al though th e ,

l att e r is su ppos e d to hav e b ee n situ at e d i n D u m fri e s

shir e . F or n otes on the latt e r part of the n am e se e
D unbog .

Bl et h er Bu r n .

Bl in dwel l s A we ll suppose d to c ure bl in dn e ss

. .

Bl in k b on n y B a il e + b a in n e
. m i l k town .

Bl in k eer ie P robably iden tica l with B a l e k e r in (9 7L )

. .

Bo a r h i l l s By r k itl is
. B u a r = c ow s h e d . .

Bogear n . B aile car n town of t h e ca ir ns .

Bogi e . B otgj / iz e Thes e w e r e th e lands g r an ted by

.

M acb e th to the Cu l dees ( se e A ) Th e wo r d occu rs .

i n D u nbog (D a n bolg) an d i n B l e b o ( B l a t h b ol g) ,
In .

”
G ael i c bo l g m eans a sack but the p r obabil ity i s ,

that th e n am e is pr ae C el tic an d that th e Cel ts con -

,

fused it with th e ir own si m i l ar wor d I D u n bol g . . .

Bogl il e
’
. B a tgtetie S e e B a l ga l l yn . .

Bon er b o . Th e last pa r t of this n am e i s identical with

A ir b ow P oi n t Bun ard bogha en d of the h e ight
.

of the b en d .

Bon h ar d B u n + a r d = b ott om of the heigh t or it m ay

.
,

b e b a il e + a r d town on the height .

B o r el an d B or a Za fz a B oa r d + l a n d i e m e n sal l and
’ ’
. . . .
,
.
12 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Bu n gs ( o f Ca s s in gra y) B un gs i s an Engl ish p l u ra l o f .

”
th e n e xt word B u n z ion .

Bu n z i on B e in n ih d im of b ea n n
. l ittl e p e ak I B in n ion
, . . .
,

B ign ion S liev e B in gian in the M ou r n e r ang e

,
.

Bu r gl y n Bu r k el in Bor k el in B ar r + Ce a l l a c h K el ly s
’
.
, ,

su m m it This is th e o r igi n of th e n am e B arc l ay

. .

Bu r l eig h B ar r . liath gray su m m it .

Bu r n tis l an d S e e B r u n t fiel d . .

Bu r n t ur k B e a r n a + t orc
. pass of the wi l d boar I . .

K a n tu r k ; turk shows th e in fle x ion t u ir c ge n itive of

-
,

torc .

Bu r owin B a r r + a b h a in n
. s um m it of the river T he .

form B u r va n e however occurs also , ,

.

Bussis . A plu ral form P robably sam e n am e as B ow .

hou s e i e c a tt l eh ou se local ly p r onou n ced B oos e

,
. .
, .

Butt er Ro ad Th is is a d rov e road over the O c h il s

. .

Bu t t er wel l The popu lar e x plan atio n is probably th e

.

best — a wel l so cool that i t was e xcell e n t in butte r

m ak ing .

Butts of S c ot l an dwell B u tt is grou n d set apart for .

arch e ry .

Byr esl oan S ee B oarhi l l s

. .

Cab er swal l is T he wel ls of Cab e r a perso n al n am e wh ich

.
,

app e a r s i n su ch n am e s as Ca b e r s t on in P e e bl e s .

Ga dh am Ca ta lz a m e
. C ol d H om e
’
. .

Caipl ie . A form Capa app e ars in G ael i c S i g n i fyi ng a

head or poin t of lan d an d is cogn ate with Caput , .

F r om this an a dj e c t ive d form Ca p l e a c h is d eriv e d ,

whenc e the above n am e Ca ip l ie or as it appears in ,

R oss sh ire Ca pl ic h
-
S e e Cu pl a wh il l s
,
. .

Caipl oc h ie Capa lochan h e ad of l a n d by the l ittl e loch

. .

Cair n avain Cairn b e in n .cai r n on th e hi ll .

Cair n c u bie Carn Col b a n Col b a n s cair n

’
. .

Ca ir n sc l u r e Car n c l u a ran c ai r n of the thistles The ‘

. .

s is a corruption .

Cair n yp air t Ca r n bar r cairn of th e su m m it

. .

Cal a is . This l ike m any F ife n am e s is an Engl ish pl ural

, ,

of a Celtic n am e a r is ing from the fac t that lan d s h ave ,

 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 1 3

b e en subd ivided e g i nto the sunny an d the shady , . .

halv e s C ala . m arshy m eadow .

Cal l an ge Ca t/z n efi e I consid e r this a corruptio n si m i l a r

'

. .

to that in M a r k i nch D a l gin c h an d that th e o r igi n al , ,

fo r m was Cal lan identical with Cal lai n now Cal l a n the
, , ,

n am e of seve r al rivers in I r e l an d on e of wh ich i n ,

K ilk e nny giv e s nam e to th e town of C allan .

Camb o . Cea n n + b ogh a = h e a d of th e ben d m ost d e ,

sc r i ptive of the situ atio n of Cambo Cam bo i n .

,

R oscom m on in I r ish Ce an n B ugha shows the sam e

, ,

“ “
chang e of n to m befo r e the l abia l b .

Cam case Ca m
. c asan wi n d ing path .

Ca mer o n Ca m o
. er ofz e Ca m + b ea r n = c r ook e d gap o r
.

pass Cp Cam bu sba rr on in S ti r l i ng

. . .

Cam il l a S aid to b e n am e d a ft e r a Coun tess of M oray

. .

Camp se . Ca m = c r ook e d .

Can dy . Cean n
dubh d a r k h e ad -
.

Can t sdam Can t is an old S cottish su r n am e probably

.
,

i de ntical with th e adj e ctive can t m e an in g l ively , .

Th e gr e at philosopher K a n t is sai d to have been of

S cottish descent .

Can z er q u h y M
( S) . .

Capl edr ae Ca p a l l. t r a igh ho r s e s strand These la n d s ’

.

a re s ituat e d by th e L oc h t y B urn which fo r m ed s m al l

lochs al l n ow d r ained .

Capp och s A n English p l ural

. Ceapach a plot fo r .

til lage I Ca pp og . . .

”
Cap sh ar d Capa . a rd high head of lan d T he s is .

a co r ruption .

Car b er r y S am e n am e as th e I r ish Ca r berry derived

.
,

from Ca ir b re a son of K ing N ial l of th e N i n e H ostages

, .

I t is an instanc e of th e u sual Ce l tic p r actic e of n am in g

lands aft er a p e rsonal n am e the r eve r s e process to that ,

of fe u d al tim e s when pe r sonal n am es we r e tak e n fr om

l ands .

Ca r de n den Cathair d ion fo r t of shelter

’

Ca r den em e. . .

Ca r dsk n ol l s Th is n am e is st r on g evid e n ce o f th e
.

Engl ish wo r d K nol l b e ing of Ce l tic o r igin a d er ivativ e of ,

c noc ( k nock ) S o Ca rds k n ol l s wou l d m e an th e fo r t on

.
 I 4 THE PLA CE NA MES OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
the l ittl e h il l T h e i nsertion of ds is a m an i fest .

corruption resu lting from an attem pt to m ake the w or d

b e ar an E n gl ish m e an ing .

Car h u r l y . Ca r Ze/i a r /ie .

Car m or e . Cathair m or great fo r t .

Ca r n b ee . Ca r n bey a . Ca r n + b in n e in cairn of the peak .

Car n b o . Carn bo c airn of th e cows .

Car n eil s cai r n N eil

’
. .

Carn goats cair ’

Car n gou r ’

gob h a.r n .

Car n ock Car n ach . aboun d ing in cairn s .

Car p h in Ca r ewy n e ( R )
. Cathai r fi on n the white fort . .

Car p OW Ca rp a tly
. K a erf a itt Cathair + pol l fort of . .

the pool Cp Welsh Ca r ph il l y . . .

Gar r isto n Ca r r el s toa K a r iflk a /s ta n a n am e of S ca n d i

.
, ,

n avia n o r igi n .

Car s egou r Ca s kygoa r Casan bh goat s pat h ’

.
g o a r .
,

I t hin k k is wron g i n this n am e as in Ca sk ie b e rr a n

“
.

Car sk er do Cathair ciar d ubh d ark gray fort

. .

Car sl ogie Cl a s /ogi e Clais

. l u g t r ench of th e hol low . .

Car sp er s el l Ca t h a ir + B r e a s a il = for t of B r e a sa l
. fo r ,

which se e u n d er D on ibristl e th e l atter part of which ,

oc casio n al ly is w r itt e n — b ir s e l l Th e fam il iar varia .

tion i l lu strat ed in b ir s e l l or b r is e l is d u e to the lett e r

r bei n g a sem i— vow e l .

G ar t m o r e Cathair mo r gr e at fort
. .

Car ven om Ca t h a ir + b e a n n a n
. fort o f the l ittle hi l l .

Car Wh in gl e Ca h ir + c e a n n + ge a l = for t of the wh ite

’
.

h e ad Chingi l was the n am e of a fish in g on th e Tay

. .

Car wh in n y Carn + c oin n e in cairn of the rabbits Cp

. . .

an o ld n am e Ca rwy n n in h il l i n A yr
‘

Ca s h Ca s . foot .

Ca ski eb er r an Ca s s a oa r r ea a Casan b e arn path of

. .

“
th e pass The l ett e r k is ino r gan ic s e e Ca rs egou r
.
, .

Ca ssen dil l y Ca s s in doly Casan . du il l e leafy shady .

,

path I K n oc k a dil l y
. . .

Casan D om h n a l l D on ald s path

’
Cas sin don al d . .

Cassin gr ay Casan r e idh pass of the plain

. .

Ca st Cp G a s t dov e n a l d in M S which how e ver seem s to

. .
,

be th e pr e sent Ca s s in don al d .
 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 1 5

Cat h er ie Cp
. the I r ish . n am e T om c a t ry ( T uaim
Ca t h r a igh ) n ow obsol e t e , bu t e xisting in th e tim e of
j am e s I
‘

Cat oc h ill ( )
.S T his is the C in doc e l l u m of
K y n toek i/l .

t h e g e ograph e r of R aven n a and m ean s th e head or ,

e n d of the O c h il s .

Cav er n s This nam e i s of the sam e origi n as the B o rd e r

.

n am e s Cavers Ca v e rt on Cavens and Ca b e r t on ,

S ee , , .

Ca b e rs w a l l is .

“
Cavil st on in G a e lic lit e ral ly tak ing i n d icates
. G a b h a il , ,

th e anc i e nt Ce l tic custom of d ivid ing lan d am ong a

fam ily or a t r ibe and th e term was p r obably r etai n e d
,

l at e r wh e re the ru n rig syst e m was obs e rv ed So .

th e Engl ish local custom ( chi e fly i n K e nt) of gavel

k in d is of Ce l tic origin as i t stan ds for ga bh a il ci n e ,

= tak i n g by th e fam ily i e e qual division am ong the , . .

son s .

Cec n y flett .

Cer e s S ir eis
. N ors e syr + r e it = e n c l os u r e for swin e
. .

F or ful l explan ation s ee R ir e s .

Ch amb er fi el d Th e c h a w m e r or cham berlai n s fi e l d ’

. .

Ch an c e fi el d S e e n ext . .

Ch an c e I n n Chang e H ouse is an ol d S c t er m fo r an al e
. .

house p r obably a place wh e r e hors e s we r e changed .

Ch an n el See S h a n we l l S h a m b e l t on an d the Chann el of

.
, ,

P it t e n dr ie c h .

Ch an n el , Th e ( of P it t en dr e ic h ) S e a n + bail e = old town . .

S e e pr e c e d ing en t r y .

Ch ap el A chap e l ded icat e d to a saint whos e n am e has

.

now d isapp e ar e d .

Ch a r l eto n .

Ch em is es A m o der n English plu r a l of old S c ch e m is

. .
,

O F c h y m ois ch e f m e z L a t c aput an d m a n s io
. .
, , .

chi e f m an sion hous e S o i n ( S ) th e re is U c h t ir m e r n y

.

r m a ir n ie ) c u m e/zy m m is Th ch m is o
( A u c h t e to e e e r .

”
principal m e ssuag e s ou l d n ot b e de v idit ( B al fou r s ’

P r a et iefes ) Th e m y c h ty g re tt En ee wy t h in his nar r ow

.
“
,
”
c h y m m is l e idis he ( D ougl as E fleis ) , .

Ch est er s .
1 6 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Ch ew t o n Town of th e choughs
. .

Ch o u man e s a l in a giu m ( S c o t ice) The authority .

fo r this n am e an d i ts expl anation is ( A ) ; S c ot ic e ,

of cou r s e m eans in the G a e l i c language

, .

Cl ar m on et C la r + m on a dh : p l ai n by the hil l
. The .

“
m on a dh m ust h av e b e en the n am e of a specifi c
d istrict n ear S t A n d rews as th e re occu r also B a l ry .
,

m on th an d K il ry m on t h The nam e is i de n tical with .

F r C l er m o n t
. .

Cl asch edeu gl y Clais d ubh gl e an n trench of the

.
’

d a r k glen D e u gl ie and G l e n de u gl ie also occu r

.
,

s ituat e d at G l e n fa r g .

Cl assl oc h ie C lais . lacha tre n ch or d i tch of the

duck s
Gl at t o . Cl a dac h stony beac h or riv e r b a n k .

Cl aydal es A n E nglish plu ral

. Cl a dh + da l dyke or .

ram pa r t o f the corn land

Cl ay sik e Cl a dh + s a igh e a d r am pa r t of th e arrows
. .

Cl eish . Clais a hollow or t re n ch a n am e v e ry descriptive ,

of th e l oc ality .

Cl en t r ie .C/j / iz tr ay Cl ae n t ra igh s lopi n g sho r e

. .

Cl ep h an t on T he town o f the Cl ep h a n s
. Cl ep h a n e is .

an ol d F i fe fam ily n am e Th e local pronu nc iation is .

Cl e p a n c p Cl e p in gt on n ear D und e e
,
. .

Cl och ar t h aw Th e ston e of A rthu r

. an
A rthu rian l ocal ity S ee P it t a r t h ie an d Cr a iga r t e r
. .

Cl oc h r a t ( bri d ge ) Cl a c h + r a t h = ston e of th e fo r t
. The .

p lac e is clos e to the rui n s of I n c h ga l l Castl e .

Cl ock my dr on I n th e B l ack B ook of Carm arth e n ther e

.

occ u r s th e n am e M abon son of M y dr on M abon i s .

su ppos ed to give n am e to L ochm aben an d the re is a ,

ston e th er e k nown as Cl oc h m a b e n ; i n th e sam e way

Cl oc h m y dr on m ay be the stone of M y dron It .

shou ld b e not e d howe ver that th e plac e nam e D ron , ,

occu rs in th e sam e d istric t .

Cl u b st on e Cp Cl u b s c r os s n e ar P e terhea d
. . I t m ay .

in dicat e spots wh ere soc ial m e etings took place .

Cl u n e . C lu ai n m e adow .

Cl un ieva r Clu ain

. fe ar m e adow of th e m e n .
 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS I 7

Cl u n van C lu ain .ban white m ea d o w .

Cl u n y Cl uai n
. m ead ow .

Cl u sh for d Clais + fuar = co l d tren ch

. .

Cl u sh gr een Clais + gr ia n su n ny hollow

. .

Cn ocenl ein . Cnoc l in flax hil l .

Coal p i t den . Coil l e + p oit e + dion =

woo d of the hol lo w
of the pl ace of sh e lt e r
Coil p otb u r n e n e ar
Cp . .

F al kl an d wh e r e th e re ar e n o coalpits .

Co at es I n al l the B r ython ic dial e cts the ord in ary word

.

fo r a woo d is a form which appears i n Welsh eoit

( M od W coed ) Co r n ea it B r e t coa t Th e e xistenc e
. .
,
.
,
. .

of th is word i n I r ish is shown by a w ord i n an ea r ly

M S c ia dc h ol u m the gloss b e ing f a ta m o
,
es i e ,
wood ,
. .

pig e ons Th e n am e Coat e s contains th e sam e wo r d

.
,

I thin k e specially when the n am e s Coit t Coit m u r e

, , ,

B a l c u ty m ire an d K in n e s w ood ar e co n si de red

, Th e .

wo r d occurs i n th e rar e L atin word b u c e t u m a -

,

pastur e for cattle ; th e etym o l ogical equivalen t in

English i s h e ath .

Coc k air n i e . Cu l c a r n y . Cu l + p r ob a bl y G a ir n ey , a s trea m

flowin g into L ochl e v e n I f so th e m e aning is th e .

,

back of G a irn e y Th e r e is another Coc k a ir n ie nea r .

A be r dou r Cool c a rn e y in I re l and Cu il Ce a r n a dh a as

.
,

w r itt e n i n I r ish is d e riv e d from a person al n am e

, .

Coc k am y Cui l c a im e
. corn e r of th e wi n d ing plac e .

Cogfaul d .

Coil p ot ( burn e ) n ear F a l k l an d Coi ll e , .

+ poite woo d o f
th e hollow .

Coit mu r e g re at wood See Coat e s . .

Col don Cu l + du n
. back of th e fort .

Col dr a in . Col l en a r a i/ze, Cofza r a ifze

’ ’
. Cu l + dra igh e a n
bac k of th e tho r ns .

Col l a ir n ie . Ca l l er n ie . Cu l + a ir n e = b ack of the s l o e s .

I . K i lla r n e y .

Co l l essi e l ios back of th e ga r d e n g r ou nd

. Cu l + The .

n e ighbou ring n am e of P itl e ssi e ind icat e s that th e

s e cond com pon e nt is l e ssi e not e ssi e -
,
-
.

Co l listo n Col l in s t ou n Col lins tou n

’
. .

Col l u t h ie . Ca l /a t/z ie .
1 8 THE PLA CE NA M E S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Col l y dean .

Col l y for d .

Col z ie .Coil l t ean , p l ura l of c oil l e = wood . S ee Bal

b oussie .

Com er t on
’
to w n
. Cu m m ers .

Co mr i e Com ar. con flu ence .

Co n a ty I d e n ti cal with I rish Con n au gh t

. Cas c on ity is .

also a n o ld F i fe n am e .

G o ul an a Con ditta n Coa a ota n e T his i s the I rish n am e

.
,
’
.

D i llon w ith the com m o n Celtic prefi x i n perso n a l

n am es Con Cp the We l sh Cy n ddy l an a n d see
. .
,

Con t l e .

Con tl e Q u in ta it T h is is i d entica l w ith the perso n a l

. .

n am e fam i l iar in I rish l iteratur e Comdl a or Co n d le , ,

which i s th e sam e as Con dol l ios a n am e fou n d in a ,

R om a n i n scriptio n at S aalburg Cp a l so Con l a n d . . .

Cor modl e ( a hil l in the O chi l range ) Cor m oda it ’

.
,

Ca r m odte T h e re is a Ca r m odil in the I sl e of M a n

. .

The l atter pa r t is probab l y a perso n a l n am e an d m ay ,

b e M otl a k ing of the D e is e s of M un ster m e n tion ed

, ,

in the A n n als of U l ster ( K ) .

Cor n c er es T his n am e d oes n ot appear early

. I t s eem s .

to co n sis t of the E n glish word cor n a n d ceres i nd i ,

c ating a p l ace wh e re corn was special ly grow n or

store d j ust as Cor n t ow n occurs in S cot l an d
,
S ee .

Ceres .

Cor r in z ion Cor r + ion gan = r ou n d top of the peake d

.

hil l S ee I n g a n
. .

Co r s t o n i e Cr oss t ou n
, . . .

Cot h egel l ie '

Coit + gi l e w ood of b rightn ess
. S ee .

Coates .

Cotto n The (e g of D ura )

, Coit c h ion n = c om mon t y
. . I . . .

Cu tt e e n A r dc ot t en B al lycotto n , , .

Co ul . Cu il = c or n e r .

Coul tr a Cu l t r a t k
. Cu l + t r a igh back of the shore . .

Cou n t r yh ill s P ro bably a corruption of th e sam e wo r d

.

as appears in Con t l a w i n A b e r d e e n .

Cou s t on .

COWb ak ie . T he fi rst part of this n am e is cul = ba c k .

20 TH E PLA CE N A AI E S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Cr an n oc h . Cr a n n a c h
abou nd ing i n tre e s or i t m ay =
,

m ean a woo d en hous e I Cr an nog . . .

Cr awn ess F or Cr a w n es t Crow N e st

.
,
.

Cr ei c h . Cr ioc h bou n dary or d istrict , .

Cr ock mu ir h all T he fi r st pa r t of this n am e is cnoc

.

an d it r e pr e s e nts th e m oder n G a e l ic
”
p r on u n ciation c n bein g pro n ou n ce d c r ,
.

Cr of t ga r y .

Cr oss h ill P robab l y so c alled from a c ross being place d

.

o n i t th e chapel of I n c h ga l l was n ear .

Cr own ar l an d L an d of the c r ow n ar or coron e r an offi ce

.
,

n ow n ot k n own i n S cot l and F or the form c p . .

S hak e sp e are c rowne r s i nquest ’

.

Cr u ivie Cr a obh
. tre e .

Cu ffab ou t Cp T a il a b ou t
. . .

Cul byn e F r o m th e persona l

. n am e Col b a n . S ee R e sc ob ie ,
Ca ir n c u b ie .

”
Cu l l al o. i n the l ast form sta n d s “
Z
“ g ”
for so that th e nam e is cu l dh a + l oc h back of
,

th e two lochs D h a is th e s e parat ed form of d a an d

.

i s pronou n ce d approx im ately ga .

Cul r oss .Ca tea r oss Cit /r ots T his m ay repr e s e n t the
, .

n am e of a K in g Cu l an who was k il l ed in the L othians

”
an d bu r i e d by th e b r i nk of th e waves The m ean .

in g wou l d be thus Cu l an s prom o n to r y ’

.

Cul t bu y ( n ow B outon in K inross ) Coil l t e + bu idh e

,
.

y e llow woods .

Cu l ts. E ng l ish pl ura l of eoit/te its el f the p l u ral of coil l e ,

wood .

Cu mm er k n owe Com er origin a ll y m e an t a god m othe r

.
,
”
th e n an associat e or gossip gossip its e l f having th e
“
sam e h is to ry ) an d th e n a fe m ale g e n e rally as What s
, ,
’

a th e st ee r k i m m e r "
’ ”
,

Cu mm er l an d S ee Cu m m e r k n ow e
. .

Cu mm er L aw S e e Cu m m e r k n owe
. .

Cu n n oqu h ie Ca n oqa /z ay . P erhaps i d entica l with th e .

obsol e te fo r m s Ca flz er ga /zy Ca i zs ega /zy K ings ogu /zy e , ,

.

Cun yn gair l an d ( va lgo B ri nt E lan d Coin ic e r ra bbi t -

warr e n I Cu n n iga re
. S e e N ick e r y
. . .
 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND K INROSS 21

Cu p ar Cu l
. barr back of the top .

Cup l ah ill s Capa l aw the point of the l aw

. Th e word .

l aw i s Ce ltic as w e l l as T e uton ic Cp Cou p l a w i n . .

L anark Ca p el a w i n th e P ent l a n ds an d Cop l a wh il l i n

, ,

G lasgow .

Cu t h il mu ir Cu ttle or c u t h il is a S cottish wor d m ean i n g

.

to ca r ry co r n fr om a low d am p situatio n to high e r an d

d r ie r g r ou n d an d secon d ari ly the spot to which i t was
,

ca rr i e d .

Cu t t l eh ill S ee p re c e ding. .

Cu t ty Hill o ck Cutti e is a S cottish term for a hare

. .

Dal ach y . D a te/t o, D eZe/i o, D a e/z ie ( th e last form re

pr e
s e nting th e pr e s e n t loca l pronu n ciation ) . D e al
gach thorny .

Dal gair n
’
D al + c a rn
. fi el d of c ai r ns .

Dal es . S ee D ol y l a n d .

Dal get ie . gath field of spears

D a l ga t h ie . D al + .

Dal gin ch D a lgizzs . This n am e e xhibits the sam e .

cor r uption as app e ars in M ark inch an d i n the sp e lling

Ca l l in c h for Ca l l e n ge I t is de riv e d from the p e rson al .

nam e D e lga from which D un d al k is n am e d this being , ,

D u n D e algan i e th e fort of D e lga a F irbolg chi e f

-
,
. .
,
.

Dal q u h am ie D al c a im e fi el d by the wind ings

. Cp . .

Coc k a m ie
Dar gu s . r ed D e arg .

D ar n we This s ee m s to b e th e sam e pl ace as is i nd icat e d

.

by th e obsol e t e n am e s D e r no D a r n oc h D or n oc h e , ,
.

D oir n e a g p e bbly .

B a t ti e Mil l I n s c h da t t ie M iln e . F r om th e pl ural o f .

da b h oc h a land m e asur e S ee F in da t ie
, . .

Dem o n s D em a ngis
. This is a co r ruption o f d e m esn e .
,

th e land s occupi ed by th e l o r d of th e m ano r him s e l f .

Cp D y m y n s an d L e D e m m y n s i n Corn wal l
. .

Demp er s t on Th e town of the d e m pst e r . .

Den n im on k sh il l .

Den or k . This nam e associ ates its e l f with th e

D zm or e .

F i fe nam e s Or k ie and O rr ock and the obsol e t e O r k ,

v e nay ( R ) Th e latt e r pa r t of the n am e is m ost p r ob

.
"
2 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
ably a S can d in avia n n am e which also gave n am e to
th e O r k n ey isl and s so that th e u su al e tym ology of ,

O r k n ey from Celtic orc ( por c u s ) m ea n ing a whale ,

( lit .pig ) wou l d b e e

,
r ron e ous .

Deu gl ie D agty a
. D u bh gl e an n d ark gle n
. .

Dev il l a .D ubh il l a n n blac k island .

D evill y Bu r n See D e vi ll a . .

Dev o n . D u bh + a b h a in n = da r k river On e of th e two .

r iv e r s of this n am e is sti l l cal le d the B l ack D evo n I t .

should be noted that whil e this district w as anc i e ntly

inhabited b y a trib e n am ed D u m n on ii D evon shire ,

in Englan d was occu pi e d by a trib e of a s im i l ar n am e ,

D am non ii T h e old s p e ll ing of D evon in the n am e of

.

th e vi l lag e Crook of D evon is D o v a n .

Dil l y car y .

D och r ie Hi l l .

Dol l ais . S ee D ol y l a n d .

Do l l s P ar k . See D ol y l a n d .

Dol yl an d or Dol el an d Th e of Cl e is h T his n am e is

, , .

now obso le te bu t the sam e word appears in the F ife

,

n am es D a l es D o l l s P a r k an d D ol l a is D al e or D ole
, ,
’

,
.

i n d icated portio n s of fi eld s m a r k ed off by l an d m a r ks ,

n o doubt fo r arabl e pu rposes Th e r e is a D oll s P a r k .

’

on th e e stat e of K irk n e ss and the local trad ition is that ,

it was lan d set apart for th e poor (a otea ou t to th e m ) ’ 7

.

Do n i b r istl e D om/ bir s el l

. D un B re a s a l th e fo r t of
.

B rea s a l an I rish p e rson al nam e when c e the fam i l y

, ,

n am e O B re a sa l an d th e title in th e I rish pee r age

’

Cl a n b r a s s il B r e s e l or b r is il is one of th e B re ton
.

word s i n the Cha r t er s of the A bbey of B eau port an d ,

is exp lain e d as m e an ing wa r Cp Ca rs p e r s e l l . . .

Do t h a n D ova n
. D u bh a c h a n = bl ack lan d
. I D oogh a n . . .

Dou r an side D ou ran is for D ob h a ra n a d im i nu tive of

.

dobhar wat e r ,
Th e wor d app e ars m ore fu l ly i n th e
.

”
S cottish river nam e D ov e r a n ( bh “
is the G a e l i c
e qu ival e nt of v an d i t appea r s in a m o r e co n t r acted
form i n B un dora n in I r e l an d an d i n Cra ige n dora n i n ,

D um barton D ou ran repres e nts the o r iginal form

.

bett er than D o r an .
 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 23

Dovol ay The latter part of this obsol e te n am e contai ns

.

the sam e el e m ent as th e F ife n am e s T r a va l ay B a n a l ey , ,

also obsol e te B a n a l ey occurs i n M i d lothia n i n th e

.

form of B ona l ly Cp the na m e D ov e l l ie i n I nverness

. . .

Dr in k b et ween This m ay be a co rru ption of an ol d F i fe

.

n am e (M S ) D u n c b r e n an e g B renan s fort
’
.
,
. .

Dr o n . D r im D r on n ( a derivative form from d ru m )

.

back .

Dr u m c a r r o D r a m ea r a e/z ifl
. D ru m carrach rough .

ridg e .

Dr u m ch al dy D ru m coil l te ri d ge of the woo d s

. .

Dr u m coop er D r u m + cu l + bar r
. S ee Cupar . .

Dr u m dr eil l D r a m a a i/t D r a ma oil t D r a m a i/e “

.
’
R in
,
’
,
’
.

the secon d part of the wor d is wrong l y in s e rt ed from

”
sym pathy with th e r i n d ru m D ru m d a l l bl in d .

m an s ridge
’
.

Dr u m el dr ie D r a m meter ie D ru m iol a ir e eagl es ’

ri d ge .

Dr um fi n D ru m
. fin white ridge .

Dr u m gar l an d D r a mga r /et D ru m + ge a r r + l e a t h a d

. .

sho r t ri d g e of th e hil l si d e .

Dr u ml och et h or n och e, D r u m l oc hdu r n oc h , D r u m l oc hir n oc h .

This n am e is now obsol e te bu t it app e ars to b e th e ,

o r igi n of th e nam e L oc h r a n i n th e sam e locality , .

D ru m l och doirn e a g ridg e of the pebbly loch .

Dr u m ly . D ru m l iath gray ri d g e .

Dr u mm ain D r om a in n
. litt l e ri d ge I D ru m m an s . . .

I n l at e r t i m e s th e n am e is En gl ish ed D ru m m o n d .

Dr u mm air d D ru m
. a ir de ridge of the height .

Dr u mm oc h y D r u m oga ky
. D ru m + acha d h ri dg e of .

th e field .

Dr u m n agoil D r u m + ga l l
. ridg e of the st r a n gers
-
n a goil is the gen itiv e of ga it p re cede d by th e de f .

a r ticl e I t is on e of th e m any i l lu st r ation s of the

.

accurate reprodu ction in th e e a r lier E ngl ish spe l l ings

of th e m od ification o f vow e ls ind icating th e Ce ltic
in fle x ion s T he form ation of the goi l fr om gal l i s
.

i l l ustrat ed i n Engl ish by su ch pl u ral form s as m i c e

fr om m ou se .
24 THE PLA CE NA M E S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Dr u mn od . D ru m + foi d ri d ge of th e grassy surface .

Dr u mr aik . D r a mr a w a k Cp K il r a ik e . . .

Dr u m r an et . D r u m + r oin n = r idge of the divi s i o n s or

portio n s .

Dr u mr ich n ak . D ru m re c h m a k .

Dr u m sh an dr y T his i s the n am e of a fie ld on an o ld
.

p l a n of K irk n ess D r u m + s e an + dr u i = r idge of the .

o ld D ru i d I L ou gh n a sh a n dr ee . . .

Dr u mt en an t .

Dr u mt r issil .

Dr u mt u t h il . D ru m + T u at h a l
r idg e of T u at h a l = th e .

T u a t h a l i s th e or i gi n o f th e n am e O Tool e or Too l e
’
.

Dr u n z ie D r u n ga n m eeting of a tribe I D run g . .

“ g ”
z for freque n tly occ urs an d is d ue to a m is ,

readi n g of o ld sty l es e g I n z ie va r form er l y I n ge fa ir , . .

,
.

“
D ru n gan i s cognate with E n gl ish throng .

Du ch r on e D oc h t e r ou n
. D a bh a c h t ior a m d r y davoc k . .

D ul och . D ubh loch b lack loch .

Dul l omu ir D u bh
. l och b l ack l och .

Du mb ar n ie D un . bearn a fort of the pass .

Du mb ar r o D i mo
. er a a ek T he l atter part of this n am e .

i s an a d j ective form from barr su m m it so that th e , ,

n am e m ea n s fort on the su m m it .

Dumgh er cl oih e D un ge a rr + cl ach . fort of the short

rock .

Du mmiefar l in e T his is o n a su m m i t of the Cl e ish hi ll s

.
,

1 0 2 2 ft high w h e re there are th e rem ai n s o f a fort

.
, .

T h e n am e is e v i d e n tly the fort of [M a c "F ar l a n e S ee .

D un ferm l i ne .

D un b og . D a no olg S ee B ogi e I D u n b ol g . . . .

D u n c r ievie D u n + c r a obh
. fort of the trees .

D un duff . D un d ubh b lack fo r t .

Du n ear n . D u n ar n e Th e l att e r part of this n am e is .

i d en tica l with the S cottish riv e r n am e d E a r n a n d the

I rish Ern e a ll poi n ting back to the n am e of I rela n d so
, ,

that D un ear n is r e al l y th e fort of Erin .

D u n fer ml i n e T he fort of [M ac "F a r l a n e

. S ee D u m .

m ie fa r l in e .

Dun g l o w . D u n + gl e o fort of stri fe . I . D u ngl o w

 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KIN ROSS 25

D u n i m ar l e m e ir l e c h robb er s fo r t ’
. D un .

Du n i n o . D i mey n a a eke . D u n + aonach fort on the un

cu ltivat e d heath .

Dun n ah agl is . D un fort of the ch urch

e a gl a is .

D u n n i e fa r d . D un fe ar fo r t of the m en .

D u n n ifaee . D u n + p a is t e = for t of the charmed serpen ts .

Cp K il fa c e
. .

Dun n ik eir . D ea e/eery . D un Cia r ra idh e fort of the

t r ib e of Ciar
e r ry in I r elan d ) ( whenc e K .

Du n n ygask Ta ayga s k an d p r obably Tey é iaga s é

. T ech , .

c e an n gasg hous e of the head of the tail .

Dun ot t er K i n card in e shi r e D u n ot t a r sta n ds for D u n fot h ir

.
,

bu t th e F i fe on e shou l d b e con n e ct ed with th e

S cand in avian Ot t ir as i n Ot t e rs t on an d in P it t ot t a r , .

D u n sh a l t .

Du r a . L ike a D owray in A yr this n am e is a con traction

of D ol l y w r a a = t he e n closure of the D ol e l an d S ee .

D ol y l a n d a nd R ires .

Dur dam .

Du r i e .

Dys ar t . L a t D eser t u m ,
a plac e of retirem en t for rel igiou s
.

purpos e s I t is a com m on n am e i n I r e lan d fr e quen t l y

.

j oin ed with the n am e of a sain t .

E ar n ieside Of
the sam e origi n as the R iv e r Ear n D u n
.
,

e arn L ough E rn e an d E r i n i e I r e land

, ,
. . .

E den . F ay n e A oda n n b r ow ; so cal l ed probably

.
, ,

b e caus e th e riv e r r ises at th e b row of th e W L o mond .

H il l .

E din down y I din da w n y A oda n n

. d u na n brow of .

th e l ittl e fort Cp E dy n don y n g in Pe rth . Th e spel l . .

i ng I din da w n y ind icat e s the c o nfl ic t between e a n d

“ ”

” ”
“
i to r e pr e s e nt G a e l ic ao .

E gl ismal y E gl is m a l die another nam e fo r B u c h a dl ac h

.
, ,

and i t m eans Church of S t M al i e Cp K il m a l ie in . . .

A rgyl l and th e ol d n am e of th e pa r ish o f G olspi e ,

Cu l m a l l ie Th e re was also a n E gl is m a l dy i n K in
.

card in e .
26 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
E gl ism ar t en e St M a r ti n s Chu rch , o ld am e for
’
. . n

S trath m igl o .

E l i e ( form er ly k n ow n as The El i e and stil l l oca l ly so ) , .

S evera l tribes i n I rel an d took n am e from an a n cestor

E il e an d th e d istricts occupie d by them cam e to be
,

k n own by the sam e n am e each being d istingu ishe d by ,

the addition of a fam ily or c l a n nam e Thu s E ly .

O Ca r r ol l is the Ely of the O Ca r r ol l s S ee Crai l

’ ’
. .

E n dor et h (A) . .

E sch ewy n Cp A shes an d F oodie as h

. . .

E s k y Lo ch I a s g fi sh loch wel l stock e d w i th fi sh

. .

F al fi el d an d F al side
S ee F a l u h il l Thes e n am es show . .

that i n Ol d En g l ish th e form s fal an d fal u occu rr e d

j u st as in M od ern G e rm an fah l a n d fa l b .

F al k l an d L a n d of fa l co n ry ; the a n cien t nam e of the

.

pa r ish is K ilgour .

F al u h il l The first part of this term is a Teuton ic w or d

.

m ea n i n g pa l e yel l ow I t app e ars in m od e rn G e rm an .

as fah l an d falb I n Ol d En gl ish it was fe a l u an d .

fe a l o The m o d er n E n gl ish fallow is a de riv ed sense

.

from th e co l our of un plo ugh ed lan d or r e d lan d as it

‘

is local ly t e rm e d Th e word i s i d e ntica l i n origi n w i th .

L a t p a l idu s G r 7r o7u69 S ansk palita

.
,
.
,
. .

F al ul ecch e F or the fi rst part se e F a l u h il l

. the l ast part
i s an o ld fo r m of l e a .

F ar gie F oa rgie
. F u ar cean n col d head . .

F eal , Th e . F a i11 = c 1if£

F eddi n ch F e ddin s, an E ng . p l of . fe ada n litt l e stream .

I . F e dd an .

F er n i e , F ar n i e al de r I F arnagh F ern i e
. F ear n . .
,
.

F er r y - P o r t - on - Cr a i g I n ( B ) P e t en c ra ig Port i s '
. .

pro b ably a corruptio n o f P it as in the case of P or t m oa k , ,

so the nam e w ou l d m e an portio n of the rock .

F er ven sh yr e or F oir vin sch ip is describ ed as b e ing a

preb e n da o f A b e rn e thy F u a r + b ea n n cold hill . .

F ett er s This i s a n E n gl ish pl u ral form of a Celtic term

.

for a stream I F e t h er n a gh . . .

’
F et t yk il l F y tké il l .F it h e a c h coil le rave n s woo d . .
28 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
m in atio n occu rs i n M oravia M oray F ot h ry ff was a , .

d istric t i nc l ud ing Wes t F i fe a n d K i n r oss an d i t is ,

k now n historical ly fro m ( R ) that there was a fo re st of

K in r oss .

F ou l fo r d D irty for d. .

F ou l h ogger ’
.

F oul t h u m b s .

F our l u ms A n E n g pl . F u ar + l a n n co ld land . . .

F o xto n N o d oubt iden tica l with th e o ld n am e F o l k es

.

tou n S o i n I O M F ol k e s da l e has becom e F ox

. . . .

d al e Cp F ol kston e in Eng l and

. . .

F r eel an ds T h e se lan d s a re si tu ated i n the parish of

.

Ce res a n d m ay be i d entic a l with the F r iel a n d of “

,
”
L in dors The nam e i nd ic ates lan d free fr om r e n t or
.

s e rvices S o i n I rela n d th e n am e S erse is d eri v ed

.

from s a e irs e a n ou n d erived from saer free ,

S ee , .

S ir e is l a n d .

F r eu ch i e F r a oc h
heath e r
. .

F r iar t on T own o f fr iars

. .

F r u ix . F r a eat is A n Engl ish pl ura l of fra oc h heather

. .

The expl an ation of these E n g l ish p l ura l s is that

lan d s we re gen era l ly d ivid e d in to parts e g th e s u n ny ,
. .

an d th e sha d y halves hence a p l ural was form e d to ,

d escrib e al l the parts col l ectively .

Gadvan . the nam e Ca dva n k in g of N Wales

Cp . Th e , . .

fi rst part of the n am e is c a t h = wa r a n d the n am e ,

evi d ently m ean s warrior .

Gal l at own P robably the sam e as the F i fe n am e gi v e n

.

i n ( S ) G a l l ou st ou n i e town of th e G al lows
, , . . .

Gar p i t . Gearr poite short hol low .

Gar t ar y Ga rt . a ir idh gar de n o f the he rd G art or G o r t .

i n I r i sh m ean ing enc losu re is etym o l ogica l l y the sam e

, ,

as L a t h ort u s an d Eng gar de n

. I n m od e rn S cots i t . .

”
assu m es the form of ya r d as i n k ai lyar d m ean in g a “
, ,

cottager s garden ( a d i ffe ren t wor d from the l ineal

’

m easu re ) I n S lavon ic it assu m es the form of g orod

.
,

as in N o vg oro d N e w T own .
 THE PLA CE NA M E S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 29

Gar t wh in z ean G art Con ga n ga r d en o r

’
. Con ga n s

e n closure .

Gar v o ck G a r bh . rough I G arvagh rough l a n d . . .

Ga s k . G a s g = t a il Cp the use o f e arbal l with sam e . .

m e an ing i n pl ac e n am es Th er e m ust have b e en also .

an a dj ectival der ivative as G a s k ie H il l occu r s n ea r ,

D u n fe rm l ine an d G as gow P a r k is the n am e of a fi e ld

,

o n K irk n e ss estate .

Gask in ien emp h y G as g+ ion ga + fi on n = t a il . of the

whit e point ed rock -
See I ngan . .

Gat h er eaul d Cathair + coil l e . fort of the woo d .

Gaul dr y Ga l l ery
. Ga l u r a n F or th e t er m in atio n c p
,
. .

the nam e K e l tu r a n i n ( K ) .

Gel l et . Gu l l et Th is wor d l iteral ly m ean ing throat

.
, ,

a t gu la ) i n d icates a n a r row chan n e l wo r n by water

( L .
, ,

and som e ti mes th e s m al l st r eam its e l f T he wo r d is .

n ow b e tter k n own i n th e fo r m gu lly S ee G u l let .

B ri d g e .

G el v an Ge al
. b ea n n white hill .

Gl ac . G lac = hol low I G lack . . .

Gl adn ey G l a idn ie
. I G la d n e y Co D own . .
, . .

Gl an der s t ou n
’
G il l a n der s town . .

Gl en c or t a s .

Gl en c r aig . Cl a a eer a zg . Cl ao n carraig = m ea d ow of the

rock .

Gl en du ck ie I t is di ffi cu l t to s ay i f this is n ot the sam e

.

plac e as G l e n du ogin ( M S ) The l att e r n a m e s e em s to .

hav e b ee n i n the sam e d ist r ict Th e n am e m ay be .

gl e an n + dubh + cean n g l en of the d a r k h e a d .

Gl en du ogin (M S ) . .

Gl en dy G lean n
. d ubh d a r k glen .

Gl en fa r g = G len of th e F arg river Th is m ust be .

associat e d with th e plac e n am e in th e sam e d ist r ict

F a r gie F ou r gie , Celtic r iver n am es oft e n tak e ,

nam e from th e spot w h e r e th e y r is e .

Gl en s h ee G l e an n . sidh fai r y gl e n .

Gl en s h er vie Moo r G l e n is h ere p r obab l y a co rr u ption

.

of c luain (c p G l e n c ra ig) Cluain s ea r bh d an d e lion

. .

m e a d ow .
30 THE PLA CE NA MES OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Gl en t ar k ie G lea n n torc w i l d b oar s gle n ’
. .

G l en v al e Cl u ai n
. fa il l m ea d o w belo w the c l i ffs . S ee
Feal .

Goat mil k . Ga tm il le
The fi rst part su ggests the n am e
.

Cait or G ot on e of the epo n ym ou s so n s of Cr u it h n e

,

or the P ict ( Caithness a n d the latter part

,

M e il oc h on a form o f M a gl oc u n os I M ae l c on W
, ,
. .

M ae l gw n G oa t m il k w as on e of the o ld
. shires .

G ol l an d T his n am e i s der i ve d from a d i m inut i ve form

.

of gab h a l = for k I t i n dic ates the l a n d in the fork

.

form e d by two rivers I G o l a n G ow l an . .

, .

Gol l och Hil l Coil e a c h. grouse h il l .

Gol s t oun .T he sam e nam e as G a u l st ou n in I re l a n d a ,

parti a l tran slation of B a l l in ga l l gar , .

Gosp et r y ’
K i t/respa r ay n K il eosp a r ay
’
. . .

G o tt . A d irty m ea d ow ; hen ce the a dj e c ti v e i

g tt ery
u

m i ry .

Gou dier an n et . Cu l + da + r oin n t e b ack of the two

divisio n s .

Gowk h al l . cu ckoo Cu ac h .

Gr owok y s Wel ( A ) This w as the n am e of the spri n g

.

w hen c e the rive r L oc h ty rises on B en a r ty H i l l This .

is eviden tly the Wel l of G r u oc h M ac b e th s quee n It ,

’
.

is record ed that M acb e th an d G r u oc h g r a n te d the

n eighbou ri n g lan d s of K irk ness to the Cu ld ees .

Gu ar db r idge .

Gu l l et Br i dg e T h is I S the n am e o f a bri d ge over the n ew

.

cu t m ade for th e riv e r L e v e n ( 1 8 2 7 3 2 ) for the fi r st -

fe w m i le s of i ts course T h e n am e i s d e rived from the

.

m o de of captu rin g th e e el s in the ol d river L even .

These fis h in gs belo n ge d to B is h op s h ir e a n d i n ( S ) the ,

“ ”
subj ects ar e d escribed as l ie Cr u vis a l i as l ie G u l a t is .

L iteral ly the wo rd mean s th r oat a nd i s tak e n from the ,

F r ench goulet w h ich sig n ifies a co n trivance by

,

which fi sh aft e r entering a place c a n not escape .

Gu t t er h ol e G u it t e ry ho l e
. m i ry hole .

Hak n ak el . A chadh co i l l e fi e ld of the w oo d .

 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 31

Hal cat is .
“
H al l prefi xe d to n am es i n d icates the hal l or
m a n orhouse .

Ha r el aw .

Har est an es I n En glan d the wor d appears as

. h oa rs t on es ;
th e y a r e sai d to be la n d mark s .

Hat ch b an k .

Hatt on b u r n . A it e a n n fu r z e .

Hig h a m . H e ic h a m e high hom e . Cp L

. etham .

Hil c a r n y .

Hil l ar y , H a l iry H a l zgr ie, H il ly/ r ig: ,

ho l y ri d ge ,
ie . . ridge
b e longing to the Church .

Hissel dean H issel for h irs e l l h y rs a l e h ir dse l is an

.
, , ,

old S cottish word m ean ing a m ultitu d e or flock It .

is cognat e with h e rd and G erm a n heer d e .

Th e h e r d s an d h is s el s we r e a l a r m e d —B a r n s ”
. .

Hoil l . T his n am e i n d icat e s la n d l yi n g i n a hol lo w .

Hu mb i e town of th e H om es .

Hun gr ie Hi l l s Cp H u n gr ie H il l in K erry ; it m ay
. .

con tain th e n am e of th e P i ctish K in g H u ngus j us t as ,

m ay co n tain the n am e
C ou n t ry h il l is Co n tan . H u n gr i
fle t was also a F ife n am e .

Hur l m a ch an .

Hu r l y .

I n ch. T his represents the G ael ic i n is ofte n m ea n i n g ,

island an d p er haps cogn ate with L a t in su la B u t th e

, . .

word is al so ve r y ge n e r al ly appl ied to a ri v er m ea d ow

or good pastu re g r ou n d .

I n ch a r vie I n is t a r bh bul ls m eadow ’

. .

I n c h c ol m I nch of Col u mba

. .

I n c h c u r b r ig I n is + c or + b r e a c
'
. i n ch of the speckled
hil l .

I n ch dair n ie I n is + dair inch o f the oaks

. .

I n c h ega y I n is ge dh goos e i nch

. .

I n c h k er ie I n is + c a or a c h = s h ee p m e a d ow
. I I n ish . .

k e e ra gh .

I n c h m in n ol ein cu m cape l la B u c h a dl a c h n u n c Eglis

m a ldie n u n c u pa ta
32 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
I n gl ist ar vet . T a rv e t be l o n gin g to I ngl is s u b s e qu e n tly ,

cal le d S c ot s t a r ve t .

I n gr ie .

I n n ean s, Th e . S u m m i ts on th e Cl e is h h i l ls I n n e oin .

a n vi l . I . M u l l a gh n on ey hil l top of the a n vils .

I n n er b r idge .

I n n er gel l ie of the G e lly

. M outh .

I n sch el t I n i s e il it hin d s is lan d

.
’
.

I n ver dova t D ubh ath . dark for d The n am e .

Ca s s in dove t h a l so occu rs m eanin g the path by the ,

dark for d .

I n v er i e I n va ry I n wea ry the form F ii wir ie a l so occu rs

.
, , .

S t M on a n is sai d to have been bu ri e d here

. .

I n v er k ei th i n g S ee D alk e ith . .

I n ver l oc h t ie I n b h ir + L oc h t ie = a t th e m outh of th e
.

L oc h t ie T his is the e a r l ier n am e of th e l an ds o f

.

S p it t e l l I n ve r l oc h t ie a l ia s S p it t e l l .

I n ver t eil I .m ou th of the river T ie l from tu i l

n v ir tu l e ,

torre n t S ee A u cht er tool

. .

I n z ieva r I n ge fa ir
. I on ga + fea r = t h e n ai l (i e the . . .

poin te d rock ) of the m e n I D u n in ga . . .

I r at l en gr e S ch yr a do
‘
This appears to have be e n i n
, .

the d istric t of M ark i n ch The first part i s oir ea c h t .

i n herita n ce Cp I I r a gh t ic on n or = Con n or s i nherit

. . .
’

an c e .

J amp h l ar s .

J ar gom yr e D e arg re d
'
. .

J u st in gl an ds . L a n d s where j ousti n g was p r actised .

K aik in ch , Ca l k in s h P robably d erive d from a p e rsonal .

n am e Ca l c a n i n th e s am e way as M a r k in ch from
M arcan Th e n am e occu rs also in A berde e n
. .

K ai m Ca im e
. a w ind ing or b e n d .

K eavil S e e Cavi l
. .

K ec t et h in .

K edl o ck . K eit/zl ol z , Ca itk l oe/z . T his n am e form s the l att e r

pa r t o f such n am e s as B a l k a it hl y P it k e a t h l y B u c h a d , ,

lach I t is identical with th e p e rsona l nam e Ca t hl a c h

.
,
 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE AND KINROSS 33

de riv ed from cath sign i fying battl e The n am e app e ars ,

.

i n D u m fr i e s as Ca it l oc h .

K el l i e
. This n am e is id e ntica l with th e I rish p e rson a l
n am e Ce a l l a c h English e d K e l ly ,
.

K emb a ck K ifl o a k K in o
. ae Cean n bac head of th e ,
.

b e nd S ee Cowb a k ie
. .

K en l ey gr een Cean n l iath g r ay h e ad

. .

K en n ik er .

K en n o w ay Ce an n m ac h head of the plain I Can na

'

. . .

way .

K et h yn . S ee D alk e ith .

K ettl e . Cital i s a d im inutiv e of the I r ish p e rsona l n am e

Ce t which appea r s in S cotlan d in su ch nam es as K e ith
,

an d Caithn e ss I Ca rr igk itt l e D u n k e tt l e . .

,
.

K il b r ac k m on t Coi ll e br e ac m on a dh speckl e d wood

.

of th e h i ll .

K i l c o n q u h ar Coil le Cu n u c h a r woo d of Cu n u c h a r or
.
-

Cu n c h a r This was the nam e of a than e of A n gus

. .

Th e n am e is p r onou nced K in n e u c h a r Cu n u c h a r i s .

possibly th e sam e as Con c h obh a r or Con nor See .

B a l gon a r .

Kil don yn g ‘
. wood of the l ittl e fo r t
Coil l e + du n a n .

K i l du ff . wood
Coil l e + du b h d a rk
S ee D ow h il l . .

Kil du n c an Coil le D on n c h a D un can s Wood

’
. .

Kil fa c e . Coil l e + p a is t e wood o f th e charm ed s e r pents .

S ee D u n n ifa c e .

K il gown e Coi ll e .
g a m h a in wood o f th e sti r k s o r
y e arl ing cattl e S ee B algown i e . .

K il l er n ie Coill e + a ir n e = w ood of th e s loes

. I K il . .

la r n e y .

K i l li ec r a n k i e .

Ki l l r a ik e This n am e is iden tical with K il r a voc k i n

.

R oss which is p r onou nced as K il r a ik e

, Cp D r u m . .

r aik .

K il m a ga dwood Coil l e + ga d = w ood of th e

’
K ilga a . .

with e s .

K il m an y Coil l e + M a in e = w ood of M ain e

. M aine was .

th e an c e sto r of th e I r ish t r ib e of H y M any which ,

l ite r ally m e ans g r andsons i e d e sc e n d ants of M ain e ,

. .
,

D
34 THE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
but i s tra n sferre d to i n d icate th e territory i nha b ite d by
th e tribe .

K il mar o n C oi l l e
. m or b e in n wood of the gr e at hi l l .

K il min n in g K il mofla fle K il moa n a a e

. Churc h of S t
, . .

M on an .

Kil mu mk yn d e K are l A n am e B al m ou m k in a l so
existed in F i fe .

Kil mu n die Coi l le + m u in e

. w ood of the shrubb e ry .

Ki l mu x . K il m oa k is This n am e i s an E ng l ish p l ural

. .

Coi l le m u c wood of pigs .

K il n yn an e K il n i/z ia n
. Coil l e + e u n w ood of bir d s
. .

K il qu h iss K il ga l zoa s K il ga aa s e K il ga is eke

.
, Coil l e + , .

cos w oo d at the foot .

K i l r en n y K il r etbefli
. Coi ll e + r a it h n e ferny w oo d I
. . .

K i lrainy L is re n n y ,
The n ow p e rso n al n am e s R ai n y
.
,

R a n a gh an are taken from the l att e r part of this w or d

,
.

K il r ie. Coil le r e idh woo d of the plai n .

K in al dy . Cean n al l t hea d of the burn .

K in cair n y Ce a n n. car n head abou n d ing in cair n s .

K in c apl e . Cean n c apal l h ea d of the horses .

Kin c h al dy Ce an n . coil l te h e a d of the w oo d s .

K i n cr a i g '
Ce a n n
. carraig head of the rock .

K in dar gog Ce an n
’ ‘
. ed ar gag hea d b e tw ee n the c l eft .

Kin ga sk .Cean n gasg head of the tail .

K in gh o r n C e an n
. c e arn head of the cor n e r .

K i n g l a ssi e Cean n . glaise h e ad of the stream .

K in k el l . Ce an n coille h e ad o f the woo d .

K i n l o ch I f in a el oa el ze Cea n n d a l och hea d of the

’
. .

two l ochs .

K i n l oss .

K i n n ai r d Cean n
. ard h e ad of t h e height .

K i n n ea r . Cean n i ar w est e rn head .

“
Kin n edar Cea n n
. edar l it e ral ly h ead b etwee n the , ,

w ord to com p le te the description being om itted .

K in n es swood. K ea n es k w ooa T he l oca l pro n u nciatio n is

’
.

”
s til l K in a s c u t The n ai n e s ee m s to b e c e a n n + e as
.
‘

+ c ia d head o f the waterfal l of the woo d S ee .

Coates .

Ki n n est on .
36 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Kn oc k a s . Cnoc
h il l of th e wat er fal l e as .

K n oc k c an n on . Cn oc
cean n fh ion n h il l of th e white
h ead I F oil c a n n on C a rr igcan n on
. .
, .

K n ock i n t in n y Cnoc tein e h il l of the fi r e

. .

Cn oc ae dh a ire sh e pherd s h il l I Corra ’

K n ock n ar y . . .

n a r ry .

K n ock s odr u m C noc tan ne r s

’ ’
. K n oks a a er on . su da ir e

hi l l . I . B a l l y n a s u dde r y , K n oc k a t u dor .

K n ok l ar gau ch , i e L a r go . . a r go L aw . S ee L .

K n ok m a dyr Cn oc + m ea da r = h il l of the mead cup

. .

Cp I D r u mn a m e t h e r R a t h m a dde r ; also M a t h e rn oc k
. .
,

i n R en fre w .

K yn ga r r och Cea n n carrach r ough head

. .

L ac es st on , L T his m ay b e th e sa m e n am e as
a u c e s s t on .

L au n c e ston in C orn wal l a co r ruption o f L an n + ,

S teph e n S t S tephe n s Chu r ch .

’
.

L adeddie L ea th a d
. a oda n n breadth of the hi l l b row .

L adisf r on e (T ) . .

L ah il l. L a e/z il l is L ea m h coi lle e l m woo d

. I . .

L aughi l S ee L u c h e l d. .

L am b fi at t l am bs m ea d ow ’
.

L a mb ol et h am L a m o eis l etk a m L e tham gm be l onging to

. .
, ,

L am b .

L ap p i e L eaba
. b e d gra v e m o n u m e nt z I L ab by , , . . .

L a r en n ie L e a t h a d + r a it h n e a c h
. fe rny br e adth .

L ar go . L a rga a ek L ea rga c h su nny s eaward slope .

,
.

K n ok l a rga u c h a l so occu r s an ol d n am e for L argo ,

L aw I L argy
. . .

L assin dock .

L ass odie This n am e sugg e sts the n ames L es su de n an

.
,

o l d n am e of S t B oswe l l s a n d perhaps L asswade .

, .

L ios + a oda n n gard e n on the hi l l b row .

L at h al l an L ea th a d . a l u in n = beau ti fu l S l ope T he .

form L a t h al m on d also occurs I f th e l atter form i s .

th e true on e the l ast part i s a m h u in n river as i n the

, ,

A l m on d river in L i n lithgo w th e word b e ing cognate ,

with L a t a m n is I n a l ater form it appears as

. .

A vo n .
 THE PLA CE NA MES OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 37

L at h ock ar . L ea t h a d + u c a ire = s l op e of the fu l le r . Cp .

P itt e u c h a r . I . K n oc k a n ook e r .

L at h on es . A n E ngl ish plu ra l . L e a t h a d + a b h a in n

m pe by th e riv e r .

L at h r isk . L oth r es leey . L e a t h a d + r ia s c = b r e a dt h of th e

m arsh .

L at h r o This nam e is the sam e as th e I rish L a t h ra c h

.
,

n ow L aragh m ean ing a site an d so i nd icating th e

, ,

r uin s of a n an ci e nt bu i ld ing .

L at h r ogal l L a t h r a c h + ga l l = s it e of the stranger

. S ee .

L a th r o .

L au er . L ea m h = el m . Cp . L a u e ra n , an old n am e i n
D u m barton .

L eck er st on e This n am e is usual ly d e rive d from th e

.

Teuton ic l e ic h = de a d body in dicating a spot wh e r e ,

fu n e rals r e st e d B u t th e probabil ity is gr e ater that i t

.

is d e r ived fr om the Ce ltic leac = a s l ab or fl agston e ,

an d that ston e affi x e d to th e nam e is m ere ly a

re p e titio n of th e m ean ing i n Engl ish S ee L y ky rs t y n e ,

an d L iqu or s t on e .

L eden u r q uh ar t L ea t h a d u rc h a ir. br e adth of th e cas t

or th r ow a nam e ind icating an e xpans e wher e th e
,

athlet e exhibit e d h is skil l in throwing .

L edl an et A n old n am e occurs L e dl e wn u l e which appears

.
, ,

to be the sam e plac e I f so la n et repres e n ts lea .

,
-

m h an e l m t re e S e e L ochl e ven . .

L edl at ion L a agl a s ek z m g l aisi n b r eadth of

’
. L e a th ad .

th e l ittl e stream I A r dgl u s h in . . .

L eir h op e H op e
.
“
is a N o r s e te r m for an an chorage .

L e ir assoc iat e s itsel f with L erwick .

L esl i e . L es ly i z L ios + l in n gard e n of the pool

. .

L et h a m L a igh + h a m = t h e low lying d well ing

. Cp -
. .

H igham .

L eth a n gie L e a t h a d + t e a n ga
. th e b re a d th by th e
tongu e or point e d pi e c e of land .

L et t er ie L e it ir = w e t hillsi d e
. I L e t t e r a gh . . .

L eu c h a r s L oer es
. A n English pl L u a c h a ir = a rush
. . .

I L ou gh e r m or e th e g re at rushy pl ac e
. .

L ev en . S ee L ochlev e n .
38 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
L ier c h a r del e S ee L e ir h ope . .

L il l ioc h e Cp th e n am e L y l o i n A rmagh an d L yik l y ok

. .
,

i n L ana r k Cp th e personal n am e L u l oig in th e

. .

G a e lic entries in the B ook of D ei r .

’
L in diif er on L a n a ifier ofl . L an n d ubh fearan n .

chu r ch or e n c l osure of the d ark l an d .

Lin doisch ot .

L i n do r es L . on dor s . L an n d obhar chu rch of the water .

L in gar t h . L ingor tky n . L in n c oir t h e poo l of th e

pil lar sto n es .

Lin go .

L iq u or s t on e n ear F al klan d , L ec k e r s t on e ,

L is c ou r eviot ( alias L oche n d uscar ca ve

“
L a b h a ic h t

of th e dwarf .

Liz z iewel l s . L a t isl zoil l , L a w teis fi oil l T he fi rst part

.

L is a m an s n am e an d
a w t e is
’

,
b oil l in d icates la n d
s ituat ed in a hol low .

L och fi t t y L och of the F itty B u r n

. L ochs took thei r .

n am es fr om th e river which d rai n e d th e m Th e n am e .

is d eriv e d from fe it h = a st r eam flowi n g through a

m arsh .

L o ch g el l y L oe/zgil ly
. L oc h + gil e = l oc h of bri g htness . .

I L oughgi l ly
. .

L o ch l ev en L ea mh a n . el m tree I L au n e . . .

L och mal on y L oek n a l ony L och + l on

. loch of the .

blackbir d .

L och or e L och of the R Or e Oir Oa r

. T he G ae l ic .
, , .

term for co ld is u ar or fuar but th e rad ical i d ea of ,

fuar is wat e r as the d e rivative fu a r a n fou n tain shows

, , ,
.

The r e pr e sentati v es of this root are S ansk v ari water .

’
Z e nd va ir i sea va irga can al G r ozzpi a a w ater ’
. .
,

bi r d L a t uri n a ; N orse v e r a n d O E v ar sea N orse

.
,
. .

fi r = ra in Or e thus si mply m ean s wat e r

. Q ir an d .

oer were B r ython ic for m s of G oid el ic u ar .

L och or n ie L oc h + e or n a c h
. l och by the b arley l a n d .

I L ou gh orn e L ou gh ou r n a
.
, .

Lo ch Roaddail l .

L oc h r an S ee D ru m l oc h t irn oc h
. .

L oc h t y .T his is the n am e of a m ou ntai n stream r i s i n g

 TH E PLA CE N A /WE S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 39

i n B e n a r ty H i l l an d flowing eas t by K ingl assie B e fore .

d r ainag e this str e am form ed a s e ri e s of lochs an d

,

m orasses as the obso l et e n am es M on l oc h t y B ogl oc h t y

, , ,

a n d P ol n a ve re prove an d B ogs ide fa r m is sti l l a r e ,

m in is c en c e H e nc e L oc h ty was n am ed from its fo r m

.

i ng so m any wate r y hol lows .

Logi e L u g= h ol l ow A n c L ogy m u r t a c h e i e M ur d och s

. . .
,
. .
’

L ogie S o M u r doc a ir n ie i n the same d istrict

. .

L o mo n d Hi l l s This n am e r e pr e s e nts a d i ffe rent form a

.

tion from th e sam e root as app e ars i n L ochle v e n ,

l e am han = el m tree
- I n the west of S cotlan d in the .

sam e way th e g r ou p occu rs B en L omon d L och , ,

lomon d an d th e river L e ven ,

.

L ossl ey Bu r n .

L ot h r ies .

L u c h el d . L ei a/t a l l , L ea ekil l , L oga kel l . The form s L u c h a l l ,

L occur i n A b e rd e en
eu q u h e l l , L e a m h + c oil l e = e l m .

wood S e e L ah il l
. I n I r e lan d the n am e is corrupted .

i n on e in stan ce i nto L on gfiel d the usual form s being ,

L augh il L oghill an d L ou gh il l ,
The n am e L u c h a l d
,
.

e xists at D al m eny a l so .

L u dgeden This nam e is u nk n ow n n ow bu t the latter

.
,

part gede n su gg e sts strongly the ol d I rish n am e for

,
-
,

the F irth of F o r th the s e a of G iu dan ( R e e v e s ,

’

Cu l dees p an d the c ity

,
i n th e m i dd le of it
.

cal l e d by B a e d a U r b s G iu di .

L u mb en n y L mn bemz a zz e . L om + b e in n in = bare l ittle .

hi l l .

L u m ph in n an s L an n F i na n church of S t F i n a n
. . .

L u m q u h at L in n + cat pool of the wi ld cats

. .

Lun . L in n pool .

L u n di n L on a te L in n dun fort of the poo l the same

’
. .
,

n am e as L ondon .

Lur g . L u rga shin I L u rgan . . .

L ur gyh u r y .

L us ca r L u sc ar = c av e I L u s ga r b o
. . .
y .

L ut h r i e . ashes ind icating prob ably land whe re

L u a it h re ,

g r ass or heath e r was set on fire for ag r icu ltu ral

i m provem e n t .
40 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
L ydox .

L yk yr st yn e T his n am e occu rs i n the fi rst e n try i n the

.

Chartu l ary of S t A nd rews i n conn e ction with th e .

l a n d s of F in dau c h t y an d is d escrib e d as a c e r vu s
“
,
”
lapi d u m The nam e is u n k n ow n there n ow bu t on
.
,

a m ap of F in da t ie d ate d 1 76 0 on e of th e parks is , ,

d e sig n at ed L e c k e r s t on c le ar l y the site o f the a n cien t ,

L y k y rs t y n e S e e L e c k e r s t on e . .

L yn n . L in n = pool .

M ach l in g ’
. M a c h + l in n fi e ld of th e poo l . Cp M au ch
.

l in e .

Madin c a st el l = Cast l e of M ai d e n s T here are ru in s n ear .

K en n oway beari n g this n am e T he Cast l e o f

M ai de n s of the A rthuria n lege n d s sugg e sts th at here
w e ha v e another i nstan ce of Cel tic myths repeati ng
th e m selves in variou s local ities I t is n ot e worthy .

that the F i fe l oca l ity is si tu ated on the l an d s of

D u n n ip a c e m ean in g fort of th e charm e d serpe n ts
, .

Magask M a lga s k
. M a ol + ga sg = t h e bare hil l of the
.

tai l T h is is the origi n of the n am e M agu s M u ir

. .

M ai l i n g as in P e t e r s m a il in g i e P et e r s farm A m ai l ’

, ,
. . .

ing is what m ai l or ren t is pai d for a n d secon d arily ,

the lan d i tse l f S o the term farm origi n al ly m ean t.

th e d ues paid for th e l an d .

“
M air sl an d L a n d he ld
. pro offi c io m au r iat u s M a e r
stewa r d S ee B a l we a r ie
. .

Mal ch r et h r e ( in A dn e c h t a n
“
M a ol + c r ia t h ar = b a re
rock of the s ie v e the m e a n in g b eing that th e l a n d ,

arou n d was shak ing i e boggy , . . .

Man n er l ess S am e as M an or l ey s
. .

Man or l ey s the l ea or m e a d ow o f the d emes n e l an d s

, .

S uch nam es as this i n d icate that th e m anorial syst e m

with copyho ld te n ure pr e vai l e d far m ore exten sively
i n S cotland than is suppose d A t S c ot l a n dwe l l a .

pi e ce of la n d is stil l k n ow n as the offi cer s acr e th e ’

offi cer b ein g the ste w ar d o f the m anor o f S cotland

well .

Man t h r il z ean T here i s a w or d dr il l sean m ea n i n g a

.
,
 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 41

gl im m e rin g l ight an d as th e fi rst pa r t of th e wor d is

,

m oi n bog th e n am e m ay hav e a r is e n from the l ight

,

of m arsh gas g e n er at e d in the m orass .

M ar k i n c h M a r efi iag
. Th e te r m in atio n is a corru ption
.

a s s h ow n by th e e a r l ier forms I t is d e rived fr om th e .

p er sona l nam e M a r can ( K ) Cp W M e rc h ion (W ) . . . .

F or sim ilar corruptions se e D a l gin c h an d F e ddin c h .

S ee P it c on m a r k .

Mar k in sl aW S e e th e preceding nam e

. .

Mawar dl ar y also Mac h er der r l y ,

M a w is n ow r e prese n ted .

by M a w c a r s e an d A r dl a ry by A r l a ry
,
T he seco n d .

form of th e n am e M a c h e r de r r l y pr e sents the word

“
m ach i n its e xact form as stil l use d in Cel tic .

F rom the sam e wo r d a r e d e riv e d such n ames as R oto

m agu s n ow R ouen , .

Mawc ar s e M ach . fi e ld I n I r el an d also the word .

app e ars as M a w amongst other form s .

Mawcl oy c h M ach + clach . fi e l d of th e stones This .

n am e now obsol e t e occurs i n ( R ) alongs id e n ames i n

, ,

th e n e ighbou r hood of M a w c a r s e I n this d ist r ict th e r e .

a re stil l th re e la r ge pill a r ston e s k nown as the S tan d

ing S ton e s of O r well an d M a wc l oy c h refers doubtless ,

to th e m F r om s uch a nam e having bee n giv e n by

.

Ce l ts th e a r gu m e nt is strong that these stones we re

,

er e ct e d by a pr e Ce ltic race -
.

Mawcu ic h
”
vulgo M a wh il l and now M a wh il l ) fi eld by ,

th e r iv e r Q u ie c h Cp D a l q u ie c h . . .

M ay Is l e of
,
Cp K ir k m ay . . .

M el gu m .M aol con bare hi l l of the d ogs .

M en egr e .

Men ywick .

Met h i l . M et/i leill M ia t h

coille soft wood M a e t h a il
. .

i n I r e lan d in dicat e s wet soft l a n d an d gives n ame to , ,

th e pa r ish of M oth e l in Waterford .

Mi dden s Th e (r ocks off M a y I s l e ) = T h e M aide n s

, Cp . .

Th e M aid e n s off the coast of A n t r i m .

Mil n a t h o r t M il n ga or t/z M y l a a e Q a kor t

. The popul ar ,
’
,

pronu nc iation i s M il l s i fo r th j ust as B l a ir a t h or t is - -

,

found written B l a ir for t h an d stil l so pro n ou nced A ,

.
 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
frequ e n t c or r u ption of th e soun d c h i s i n to f (eg . .

E ngl ish l augh ) H ence M il n q u or t h is the origin al

.

form m aol c oir t h e bare hil l of th e standin g s to n es

,
.

Min z ion .

Moit h il l , Mot eh il l , Mu it h il l , Mut h i l l ( of Cu par ) This .

n am e is of Teu ton ic origi n in d icating th e pl ace of th e ,

m ote or m eeti ng of th e peopl e M uthill in P erth .

,

shire how e v e r is of Ce ltic origin

, ,
.

Mon c ot y m ir e M on cu t y emyr e,
M oi n c ia d bog by the .

woo d S ee Coates
. .

Mon edy . M oi n a oda n n bog of the hil l brow .

Mon el occ odh an Th i s obsol et e n am e occu rs i n ( A ) as

.

bei n g i n P or t m oa k M oi n + l och + c a dh an bog of

.

the l och of the d uc ks D uck shootin g to this d ay i s .

-

a favou rite sport i n the l ocal ity .

Mon eyr eadywel l M u in e r u a dh . red shrubbery .

Mo n i m a i l M ony mel e M u in e
. m il shrubbery of ho n ey
. .

I Clo n m e l
. .

Mon l och t y ( A ) M oin L oc h t y

. bog of th e L oc h ty the ,

stream fl owi n g east from B en a r ty H i l l towards K i n g

l ass i e S e e L oc h ty
. .

Mon t agar t M oin + s a ga r t = b og of the priest

. T his .

place is d esc ri b ed as th e ecc lesiastica l l a n d s of

M o n i m ai l .

Mon t gwn M oi n
. con bog of dogs .

Mon t r ave M on t r a ioe M on t/i zy oie

. T his n am e is prob
'
,
f
.

ably of th e sam e origin as th e I rish M on e en re a ve or ,

l ittle bog of s ulphu r ind ic atin g that a s ulphu r scu m ,

rose on the surface of the wat e r I n th e I r ish n am e .

a d im i n utive form of m oi n is u sed The term for .

su l phu r i s r u ib h .

M o n t r oy . M oin r u a dh red bog .

M on t ur p ie M o i n + T a rp a igh T arpy s bog T h e I rish ’

. .

fam ily n am e O Ta r pa igh A n gl ic is ed T orpy a n d Tarpy

’

, ,

i s d er i ve d from th is pe rson al n am e .

Mon yb ar d M uine bard poets sh rubbery ’

. .

M oo n z i e . M u in g l ong sedgy grass , .

M o r el a n d M or l et
. M or + l ea t h a d g reat h i ll s id e
.
, .

Mor en dy .
44 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
F rom G a e l ic n ea m h com es n a om h a sain t an d the ,

past participl e n a om h a ic h t e consecrate d wou l d e xactly , ,

p r od uc e such a fo r m as N e va t y e The l and s of K irk .

lan ds a r e con term inou s with N a vit ie and n eim h idh i n ,

I r ish s ign ifi e s gl e b e l a n d The l an d s of N a v ity i n .

Cro m a r ty were con n e ct ed with th e Chu r ch as a ,

chap l ain r y was e n d owed from it S ti ll withou t .

,

fu r ther cor r oboration of this vi e w it is to be assu m ed ,

that the n am e is of an ea r li e r o r igin I f the Ce l tic .

e tym o n for b r ight refe rr e d to for the explan ation of

,

th e fi rst part of the word is retai ne d th e latt e r pa r t , ,

m ay w e l l be athan m e an ing fo r d so that th e n am e , ,

wou ld be whit e o r b r ight ford N ow in th e Chartu l ary .

,

“
of S t A n d rews m ention is m a d e of the s t a n ry fur d e of
.

N e va t h y referri n g to N avit ie in F i fe an d it is o n ly
, ,

on e o r two g e n eration s ago since this for d was r epl ac ed

by a bridg e A gai n N a vit y i n Cr om a r ty is c los e to

.
,

E ath ie or Ethie an d the E thie bu rn Crom arty i ts e l f .

“ ”
m ay be fr om the sam e word The secon d r in the .

n am e is i n organ ic being introdu ced through sym pathy

,

with th e fi rst r and o l d e r form s a r e Cr om oa tky

“ ”
,
z ,

Cr a m o a a ek ty n Cr om m a ty so that th e n am e wou ld
, ,

m ean c rooked for d S ee I n ve r dov a t wh e re dova t

.
,
-

bl ack ford .

Neu eth in Cp N eve t h ol d n am e of R osn e ath also the

. .
, ,

p e rson a l n am e N e fy dd i n ( K ) .

New ar k . N e w w ork n e w bu ild ing or fo r tificatio n It .

”
is d escribe d as for t a l ic iu m d e S t M o n ans . .

Newb u r n N it/t o
. r e” The sam e change is se e n in th e
.

n am e of the ri v er N ith in D u m fri e s which is N ovios ,

i n P tolemy s G e og r aphy B e com ing N ewyd d n ew i n

’
.

B r ython ic i t pass e d i nto N ith u nd e r G oi d e l i c in fl uence

,
.

Th e n am e is a l l ie d to that of the t r ib e N idu a r i .

Ni ck er y . Con t r action of c oin ic e r = ra bb it wa r r e n as i n ,

I rish N icker and N ic k e r e s

, .

Nivin gs t on T h e town of the N ivens :N ive n itse l f is a

.

Cel tic n am e ( M a c ) Cn a im h in ( M a c ) N ive n ,

.

Noc h n ar ie S ee K n oc k n ary
. .

Nydie A rd N i d a n N ida n s height N id an

’ ’
. A r ny a ie . .
 TH E PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 45

was a Welsh saint an d L lan idan i n A n gles e y was ,

d e d ic ated to him H e is also k nown in A b e rde e n .

shir e .

Ode L an d .

Offi c er s Ac r e Th e
’
S e e u n d er M a n or l ey s
, . .

Or e Th e ( r iv e r )
, Oir Oa r S ee L oc h or e .
, . .

Or k ie . S e e u n de r D e n or k .

Or k v en ay S ee u n der D e n or k
. .

Or m isto n O rm e s town O rm e is a S c and in avia n n am e

’
. .
,

as i n th e n am es O rm e sby O rm e s H ead e tc S ee ,
’

, .

P it t or m ie .

Or r o c k . S ee u nder D e n or k .

Or w el l . Or r ow a l l I ubha r + coi l le , Ur w el l , Va er ga k el l .

y e w wood Cp U ry in th e sam e d ist r ict . . .

Ottar s tow n O tta r is a S can din avia n

’
Ott er st on . .

n am e Cp P itt ot t a r j u st as ther e occu r O rm iston

. .
,

an d P it t or m ie .

Q ut b .U c h d th e breast I Ou gh ty m or e . . .

Ov en sto n e E v in s t ou n e Ewan s town

.
’
.

Oy gl et h e Og l e a t h a d an e xpans e for voung an im a l s

. .

Og l it e rally young is sai d to b e the o r i g i n of the term

, ,

hogg as appli ed to s h ee p .

P al gr own .

P aph l e, Th e Se e P offle (of Cl e is h ) . .

P ar b r oat h P a r br oitfi T he fi rst pa r t of t h is n am e is

. .

barr top for th e l atter pa r t c p th e ol d I r ish fam ily .

n am e O B r oit h I t m u st b e n ot ed that v ery fre qu e ntly

’
.

in Cel tic a chief or a tribe gives name to the district

occupie d .

P ar du sin This app e ars to b e th e sam e pl ac e as Pe r d ew

.

fr om the de scription s giv e n i n cha r ters .

P ar i s .

P ar is Br i dg e .

P a r n wel l B arr coil l e top of the wood

. .

P a sk ar myl n e .

P zteon t ie The po r tion of Contan Th e

'

P a t h c on die . . .
46 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
sam e n am e occ u rs between Pe rth a n d K i n ross an d is ,

c o rr upted in to P ath of Con d ie .

P at h em u ir P ett e m ara portio n by th e sea

. .

P er dew ( an d i n the p l P e r de w is ) alias B r u m h il l ( D )

. .

B a r r + du b h = da r k top T h e other nam e seem s to

.

be the origin o f B room ha l l the seat of the Ear l of ,

E lgi n .

P et cal der P e tt e + c oil l e + dobh ar

. portion o f the wood
by th e water .

P et cl er y P ette + c l e ir e ac h po r t i o n of the c l e rgy

. .

P e t c u l an The portio n o f Cu le n
. .

P e th n at h r en e P e tt e + t r ia n = por t ion belon g ing to the

.

st r o n g m an .

P et sp or gin S p or gin is probably a m a n s n am e

’
. .

P e tt a ch er ach e P e t t e + c a or a c h = p or t ion of the sheep

. .

I B a l l y n a ge e ra gh
. .

P ett in h agl is Pe tt e + e a gl a is port i o n of the Church

’
. .

P et t u l t in Pe tte U ltan portion of U l tan

. Th e n am e .

U ltan appears i n th e L iber Hy m n or a m as au thor of

a hym n in praise of B r igi t H e is describe d as .

b e longing to D a l Con c h ob a ir that is to the tribe of , ,

Con n or an d C on n or i s fou n d in F i fe in th e n am e
,

B a l gon a r .

P ett u sc al l A s i m i lar n a m e occurs i n th e Chartu l ary of

.

B rechin in the form s P e t t in t os c a l l P e t t in t os k e l l This , .

r ep r ese n ts exactly th e pronu nc iation of P ette an

t s ois ge u l
-
portio n of the G ospel P e t t u s c a l l is .

”
d e sc ribe d as terr ae e c c l es ia s t ic ae Cp B a n t usc a l l . . .

Ph an t assie F a n + tais
. d amp s l ope S ee T e ass e s . .

P ick l et ill u m This is a gr e at e r corruption than th e form

.

assu m ed by the sam e n am e in A ber d ee n P ic t il l u m ,

.

P ett e t a l a m h portion of fi n e l an d .

P il c ol m P il l + c ol u m
. r iver i n l e t of th e pig e ons .

Pil k emb ar e P il l cam bar r i v e r i n let o f the crook ed

.

su m m it .

Pil lo w Th e
, .

P il mu ir P i l l m ara ri ve r i n let of the sea

. .

P ir n iss .A n E nglish pl O f the sam e ori g i n as B ar n s

.
,
 TH E PLA CE NA I V E S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 47

Pitb au ch l ie . P et oa el a ek in . P e tt e + b ac h l a g= p or t ion of
th e shoots or blad e s of grass .

P zto S ee u n d er B l a dde rs h aw
'
’
P it b l addo l aaar . . .

Pit br og ‘
P e tt e + b r og = po r tion of the shoe
. This m ust .

hav e b ee n th e shoem ake r s al l otm ent S ee R u n b r oig ’

. .

P it b ul l iesl ak ( S ) .

Pit c a ir l ie P e t c a r l in gis
. portio n o f the car l i n gs ( R ) is .

th e autho r ity fo r P e t c a r l in gis ; it is to be n ote d ,

howev e r that ( M S ) gives the n am es P itt u n c a rl ey

,

and P it c a rl ie as d istinct places bu t in th e sam e

d ist r ict .

Pit c ai r n P ortio n aboun d ing i n cairn s

. .

P it c on m ar k P eteon m a r eh i i z
. P ortion of Con m a r k . .

The n am e M a r can giv e s M ark inch so with the com m on ,

C e l tic n am e pr e fi x Con w e g e t Con m a r k c p Cin m a r c , .

( K ) Cyn va r c h ( W ) Th e n am e P e t m a r c h a l so ex iste d
,
.

i n F ife .

P it c onn oqu h y The portion of [M ac "Con oc h ie

. D un
canson )
P it c or t h ie P etteeor t/zia
. Pe tte c oirt h e portion of th e .

pilla r ston e s Cp B a l ga l l in R u m ga l ly M a w c l oy c h
. .
, ,
.

The O r dnanc e S urvey shows stan ding ston e s at al l th e

F i fe P it c or t h ie s .

P it cu l l o P itea l l ow P it ea ll oe/ze
. T he portio n of [M a c "
, .

Cu l l oc h .

Pit din n ie . portion of the plac e of shelter

P e tt e + dion .

Pit eadie Pe tt e A edan A e da n s po r tio n

.
’
.

Pit far . Pe tte + fe ar portion of the m en .

P i t fec h ies P ett e fi t h e a c h portion of the rave n s

. .

Pit fi r r an e P etf ur a n e . Pe tt e + fu a ra n portion of the .

sp r ing or fountain .

Pi t gor n o P itgor a a el i G a rn ac h s ( K ) po r tio n

’
. .

P it k ea vy Pe tt e. c ia b h a c h the po r tio n pro d u ci n g

m a r shy g r ass I K e e va gh . . .

P it k eir ie Pe tt e Cia rr a idh e the l atter po r tion b e i n g

.
,

th e t r ibal nam e wh e n c e K err y is d e riv e d .

P it k en n et it th e po r tion of K e n nedy .

P it k in n ie P it lem zy e Ca in n e c h s t e K en n eth s portion

’ ’
. . . . .
,

Pi tl air . Pe tt e l a r m id d l e portio n .
48 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
Pitl essi e P ette . l ios po r tion aboun ding i n goo d gar d e n
grou n d .

P i t l e t h ie P it l a tl z ie
P ette L ia t h an L ia t h a n s po r tion ’
. . .

P itl iver Cp L iverpoo l an d th e Welsh n am e L l yw e r n og

. . .

I t m ay be cognat e with L a t l up u s an d so P it l ive r .

,

wou l d be po r tio n a b ou n din g i n wol v es .

P itl och ie P ortion n e ar th e loch

. .

Pit l ou r P eteu l ou ir
. P ette lobhar portio n of the l e pe r s . .

P it l u m b er t ie P ett e l an n B rigit portio n o f chu r ch

.

of S t B ri d e . .

P it m edden P ett e m e a dh on m i d d l e portio n

. .

P it men z ies P it m u u z ies P ette m u in g sedgy portio n

. . .

P it micl ar die M Cl a r t y s portion ‘ ’

. .

P it mil l y P et m u l iu
. Pe tt e + m u il l e a n n portion of the .

m ill .

P it mossie .

Pi t n au r c h a . of O r chy a n d see O r k ie
Cp . the n am e B r idge , .

P it r eavie P e t t e + r ia bh ac h
. gray or bri n d le d portion .

I t r efers to the v ari e gat e d st r ips of d i ffer e nt c r 0 ps

g r ow n I G or t r eva gh
. . .

P its c o tt i e P ett e s got h a c h flowery portio n .

.

P it sou l ie Th e l att e r part se e m s to be id e n tical with th e

.

perso n a l n am e S ou l is I t is p r obably of T euton ic .

o r igin Cp the n am e S ou l is by an d p e r haps S elby

. . .

P i tt ar th ie P o r tion of A rt or A r thu r
. .

Pitt ar vie P ette t a r bh portion of bu l ls

. .

Pitt au ch Op .

P itt en c r ieff . Pe tte c ra ob h portion of th e trees .

P itt en dr iech . P ett e fra oc h heathe r y portion .

’
Pitt eu ch ar . P etioleer . P ett e u c a ire fu l ler s portio n .

Pit t il oc h . P eteel a ek e . P ette clach port i on of the

ston es .

P itt in h a ggil is portion of the Church

. P e tt e + e a gl a is .

Pitt or mie P ette Orm e s portio n Cp O rm isto n

’
.O rm e . . .

Pit t ot t a r P ette O ttar Ottar s portion Cp O t t e rs t on

.
’
. . .

P it t owie P e t t e + du bh a n = p ort ion of the d a r k man

. .

Cp th e n am e M I l dow ie
‘
. .

Pitt u n c ar t y P et tou ea r ely P ette c e a r da portio n of

. .

the a r t ific e rs .
 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND [( I N R OS S 49

Pl a i n s .

Pl ea s an c e . F r e nc h p l a is a u ce,
m aison d e plaisanc e ,
.

Poffle Th e ( of S trathk in n e ss )
,
P offle sign ifi e s a sm all .

farm o r p e ndicl e I think it is id e ntic al with b a c h il l e

.

of the s am e m e aning B a c h l e in O F m e an s a sm all . . .

pi e c e of l and and th e wo rd bach e l o r is d e riv e d fr om it

, ,

that p r obably b e ing th e a mount of l an d n e c e ssa r y fo r

that rank on th e road to k n ighthood .

'

P ol du fi P oll dubh black pool

. .

P ol n ab er P ol n a ver e
. P oll abar pool of the m iry .

plac e A s the land is now d r ain e d th e m i re as w e l l

.

as the nam e h as dis a pp e a r ed S o n e a r it the n am e .

M on l oc h t y has gon e that is th e bog form e d by the , ,

L oc h ty bu rn .

P or t moak P et teu m olea u e Pe tt e

. M ochan the portion .

of M oc h a in a m an s nam e i n old I rish ,

Th e l ocal ’
.

pron u nc iation to this d ay is P it m oa g .

P owgu il d P ol l g e al whit e pool

. .

P owmil l P ol l + m u il e an n pool of th e m i ll
. .

P r a t h ou se See Pr atis . .

P r a tis P r a tir r is P r a te r is This and th e p r ec e d ing nam e

.
,
.

s ee m to b e tak e n fr om th e p e rsonal nam e P rat d er ived

from S t P r ot u s S ee B r ot u s Cp P r ot s t own in B an ff
. . . . .

P r in l aws . P r eu l a s .

P ur i n . P fer ny pool I P ol l ra in e
ou r a u e . P ol l + r a it h : . . .

F usk . P u r s l z P u r es w ic/i Th e last pa r t is th e S can di

, .

n avian w ide a vil lag e an d th e fi r st is a m an s n am e

, ,
’
.

Py est on M agpi e s town

’
P y ots t ou u
. . .

Qu h eit q u er r el l h oup e the ancho r ag e n e a r th e white

qua r ry .

Qu iec h . Cu a c h
i n a hi ll h e nc e appl i e d to a
z h ol l ow ,

r iv e r flowing out of th e hollow .

Rader n ie R ath + airn e fo r t of th e slo e tr ee s

. .

Rait h Th e R a it h e Th e w r e a d o r pl ac e fo r c onfin ing

. .
,

cattl e in wint er S ee u nd e r R i r as fo r th e o r igin of .

th e t e r m .

Ra mb ot h ie R an n + both d ivision of th e hu ts
. .
50 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FI FE A ND KINROSS
Ramel dr y R a tlu u el a ry , R a m el r il
’
. T he latter part e
’
.

s ee m s to involve a persona l n am e as M e l r ic so that , ,

the n am e m ean s M e l r ic s fo r t ’
.

Hamoi r R a t h + m or = gr ea t fort
. I R am ore P oin t at . .

P ortrush .

Ram o r n i e R a morgu ie
. R a uzorga uy R a t h + m or + , .

Ca in n e c h = t h e g r eat fort of Ca in n e c h S ee M ou nt .

q u h a n ie .

Ran k eil l our R an n coil l e d o b har the portio n o f

the wood by th e water .

Rat h el p ie R a tk elp iu R ath Al pi n A lpi n s fort ’

. . .

Rat h ill et R a t/ca l et

. R a tk u l et R ath + U l adh the fort
,
.

of U l ster .

Redwal l s S o ca l l e d from the iro n scu m risi n g on the

.

su rfac e of the water S ee S t ra th r u ddie . .

Reel pin t on .

Resc ob ie . R os Col b a in
the prom o n tory of Col ba in .

Rh y n d . R inn poin t or prom ontory .

Rim al t on R im m e l s town
’
. .

Ri n t ou l R eu t ou il l
. R i n n toll the poin t of the ho l l o w
. .

Ri r e s . R ir a s R er ay s (s ck ir a de) ,
A comparison of this .

n am e with s uch n am es as R y wr ayis B u l w ray is in ,

Re n fr e w and Wra c or Wraith i n variou s districts

, ,

points out as the e x pl anatio n of th e l atter part of the

n am e th e ol d S cottish wor d W r ea d or W r eath ,

s ign i fyin g a s m al l en closu re fo r confi n i n g cattl e or

“ ”
for g r owing c r ops The re e d is sti l l the n am e in
.

F ife for the cou rt w here cattl e are en closed i n wi n ter .

Th e t e r m appea r s i n O l d N orse in such wor d s as naep

n a r e it r a plac e for growi ng tu r nips
,
R e ra y s sign ifi e s .

encl osures fo r g r owing r y e Th e root i d ea is tying .

u p or e n closing ; in G othic v r it h u s m ean s a h e rd .

S ee R aith .

Ris k Th e
,
This is th e nam e of a fi e ld on an old pla n of
.

F in da t ie R ias e m arsh
. I R oosky . . .

Rodm an n an R otkim a u a u a T his place seems to have ’

. .

be e n n e ar S t A nd r e ws The l atter part i n vo l ves the

. .

sam e word as app e ars in Cl ack m a n n a n a n d S l am an na n ,

fo r which see S k e n e an d R hys .

52 TH E PLA CE 1V A ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS
well The Chu r ch was probably th e giver of the
.

n am e as it su p e r s e ded so m e ti m e s e arl ie r n a m es
, eg ,
. .

K i r k ness an d S pittl e .

S c ot s t ar vet This m ean s T a r ve t owned by a S cott

. It .

s ee m s to have b ee n pr e viously cal le d I n gl is t a r ve t as ,

b e ing own ed by an I ngli s .

S eggi e . S agy Cp th e anci e n t riv e r n am e S eg e ia s up

. .
,

pos ed to be th e M er s e y an d th e t r ibal n am e S ega n t ii , .

S er isl an d S i r es /a mt S c/zeir is l a u a S ck eir es

. S ee Ceres ,
’
,
. .

S h amb l et on S ean baile old town

. Cp S h a m b el l ie . .

in D u m fries .

S h an wel l S ea n bail e ol d town

. .

S h ear dr um S ia r dru m w e st e rn ri d g e .

”
S h ir en d S hire here probably m e an s baro n y an d th e
.
,

n am e in dicates the m ost d istan t poi n t of a barony .

Shir esb ar e .

S h i r es M i l l Th e r e w e r e m any shir e s i n F i fe and th e

.
,

word s ee m s to hav e been e qu ivalen t to barony so that ,

S hir e s M il l ind icat e s the barony m i l l .

S h ir r a m Br ae .

S h ool b r a ids . S c u mhal

ste e p h il l of th e b r a gh a d
gorg e I F or th e fi rst part o f th e n am e S h ool b ra ids
. .
,

D r u m s c ool and for th e s e con d the B r aid i n A n t r i m

,
.

S o i n S cotland the B rai d H il ls near Ed inburgh and ,

B r e adal ban e .

S il l er h ol e A pl ace abou t wh ich th e r e m u st have be e n a

.

leg e n d to the effect that th e re was tr e asu re th e re .

S il l o ck. S a il e a c h w il l ow I S i lloge z . . .

S il ver b ar t on B arton belonging to on e of the n am e of

.

S ol va r .

S il ver b u r n S e e S il l e r h ol e
. .

S i l v er to n S e e S il ve r b a r ton
. .

S ist er isl an dis This r e fers to a c ustom wh e r e la n d was

.

’
d ivi d e d am on g al l th e chi l d ren bu t a d aught e r s shar e ,

was l e ss than that of a son Cp the term sister pa r t . .

-

i n S h e tlan d .

S k ail dowh il l is S ga il d ubh d a r k shade

. .

S k eddoway S ca t/z ocliy

. S c ot h a c h flowery place . .

S k el p ie . S c ea l p c l e ft o r chas m .
 T IIE PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 53

S k il m er vie m or + b e in n shadow th e big

'

S ga il of
'

hil l .

Sk r yn e . F rom L
ati n s c r in iu m sh r in e I S k ri n e . . .

S l un gie Hi l l S l ia b h + A ngus . hil l of A n gu s .

S ol sgir th Per haps id e ntical with th e ol d n am e S a l t gir s

. .

S o r bi e .

S oy t ou r l an dis A su ito r was on e who h e l d land u n d e r

.

a t e nu r e which oblig e d hi m to app e ar in Cou r t on

b e half of his sup er io r .

S p a l efi el d S ee S p a w e l l
. .

S p al e I n n S e e S pa w e l l
. .

S p awel l A w e l l fo r tel ling fortun e s ; th e sam e word

.

app e ars in spa e wi fe Th e word is etym ological ly .

e qu ival e nt to L at s pe c io . .

S p it t al = H os p it a l Cp D a l n as p ida l S pittl e is a v e ry
. . .

com m on n am e i n I re land .

S t an dal an e .

S t an k h il l S tan k i s an ol d S c wo r d fo r a n op e n d itch
. .

fo r d r ain ing lan d .

S tar . S tu rr poi nt e d r ock .

S t a r l ey Bu r n S t u r r + liath g r ay pointed rock

. .

S t a r r l aw See pr e c e d ing
. .

S t eel en d This n am e in d icates a pl ace fo r putting u p

.

ho r s e s bei ng c og n ate with stal l

,
.

S t en h ous e .

S t en to n .Tl i e S teu t ou u e .

S t ovi e . S tov e in old S c m e ans vapou r o r m ist so S t ov ie .

,

is a d e wy plac e .

W i th h a il s u m t
s on s i ou e r h e il da n d th e s l ak .
” —
D OU G .
,
Vi r gi l .

S t r ab o Mui r S t r ath + bo cows st r ath I t is d e scri b e d

’
. .

as com m u n is pastura .

S t r a t h a ir l y . S t ra t h + a rd + l ia t h = s t r a th of th e g r ay
h e ight .

S t r a t h en dr y S t r a t /za u ery S t r a t h + r igh = k in gs strath

’
. . .

S t r a t h k i n n e ssS t r ath of . th e K in n e s s B u r n K in n e s s .

app e a r s also in th e fo r m K in e t h . I f this i s co r r e c t ,

th e m e an ing is K e nn e th s ’
Bu rn .
54 THE PLA CE J VA M E S OF FIFE AND KINROSS
S tr a th m ig l o . S tr a th m igl ocl ze . T he strath of th e M igl o
stream . S ee Cr a igm igl o .

S t r a t h r u ddie . of th e red i ronS t r a t h + r u ide = ~

s t ra t h

scu m The iro n from the soi l appears on th e sur fac e

.

of the water giving it a r ecl a is lc colou r I R a ru ddy

,
’
. . .

S t r at h t y r u m S trath t ior a m the d ry strath

. .

S t r avit h y S trath b e ith strath of the birch tre e s

. .

”
S t r on ach y Hi l l S ro n the n os e Th e l e tter t i s
. .

fr e quently i ns e rted bet ween s a n d r .

S u n n ysi de L ands were on d ivision d istinguished by the

.

term s su n ny ha l f a n d sha d y hal f .

“
S yp sies .To sip e is to oo z e an d s y ps ie s m u st m ea n ,

l a n d k e pt wet with a nu mb e r of s m al l spr ings Cp . .

S y p l a n d i n G a ll oway .

S yt h r u m S ky r t/zr u m ( P)
. S ia r d ru m western ridge . .

The n am e appears as S h e a r dru m in S al in e .

S wal l owdr u m .

S wil k en Bu r n Th e ,
.

S wi n k y . S w iu ecow k il l .

Ta il ab ou t th e F i fe n am e Cu ffa b ou t
. Cp . .

Tar b et E ast and West ( I s le of M a y ) Thes e are the

. .

n am e s at the two extre miti e s of a n arrow n eck of lan d

i n the I sl e of M a y T h e n am e i s m or e accu rat el y .

Tarb er t an d is used both in S cot l an d a n d i n I rel a n d

,

to ind icate a n arrow isth m us across which boats cou ld

b e carri e d fr om s e a to sea Cp E an d W Tarb er t . . . .

i n K i ntyre Tarb e t i n L och L om ond T a r b e rt in

, ,

H ar r is an d Ta r b e rt in I r e l an d
, .

Ta r h il l . T or = h il l .

Tar vet . Ta r oat . This n am e i s of th e sam e origin as

Tarbet ,

Teasses . Ta iss es A n En gl ish pl. Tais m oist o r .

d am p . Cp I l an t a s sy n n ear I s l ay
. .

Ten t s M oo r . A n En gl ish pl of t eint e pl of t e i n e = fi re . . .

I T e nts
. .

Tet h yk n owe .

Teu c h a t . Tu gu lz it es s e Tigh + Cait house of Cait

. .

Th ain isl an dis . Th e l an d s of a than e Th e t e rm than e .

 THE PLA CE NAME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 55

was pres er ved i n S cotla n d m uch l ater than E ngland ,

an d d esignated a tenant of lands und e r the c r own .

Cp su ch n ames as T h a in s t ou n in A be rd ee n a n d in
.

K in ca rd in e an d Th ay n is n e tt i n B an ff ,
.

Thim bl eh il l P e r haps n am ed l ike T h im bl e t own i n

.

I rela n d th e flowers of th e foxglo v e being r e fe r r e d to

,
.

Th ir l st on e T h is m e ans a stone d r il l ed or bored for som e

.

pu r pos e j ust as the B o re S ton e at B an nockbu rn wh e re

,

B ru c e s sta n d ard was fi x ed

’
.

Th om a n ean Tomeu aygu e T om + e u n = hi l l of bi rd s

. . .

This is anoth e r i nstan ce of the ol d sp e l li n g t rying to

approxim ate th e Celtic pron u nciation .

Th o r n to n This may b e id e ntical with the old n am e

.

T h or is t on .

Th r e .

Th r eapmu ir . F rom
th e ol d S c wor d threip m ean i n g to .
,

quarrel or d ebat e The nam e m ay com m em orate the

.

s ite of a con troversy either as to the ow n ership of th e

l an d or of som e other m att e r of d ispu t e i n th e d istrict
. .

M any I rish n am e s aris e fr om the sam e circu m stan c e ,

e g Q u in t in m a n u s
. . A si m ilar stat e of affai r s m ad e
.

H orac e say of hi m sel f L ucanus an A pu l us anceps , .

Tich in dod or as it is u sual ly writt e n D ic h in dod

, ,
Th e ,
.

fi r st part is tech hous e .

Til l y b r ec k T u l ach breac speck le d hill

. .

Til l yoc h i e Tu l ach hill

. .

Til l yr ie T u l a c h + re idh
. hil l i n the plain .

Til l ywh al l y T u l a c h + c oil l e

. h i ll of the wood .

Tipp er m ac oy T iob a r M a c A odh a M ackay s w e l l

’
. .

Tipp er mu r e Tiob a r m or g re at w e l l
. .

Tipp er t on S ee p re c e d in g e nt r y
. .

Tol ib r en c h .

Tol y b ot h evil l e .

Ton gu eis Ton + giu m h a s bac k of th e fi r s

. .

Topit l aw T 0 p it is th e sam e nam e as th e I r ish hil l of

.

Topped applied to a r ou nd hil l Th e G a e l ic a dj e ctiv e .

is t op a c h having a tu ft or c rest an d is id entical with ,

th e English wo r d top C p th e e xp re ssion a w e e " . .

“

tappit h e n .
56 TH E PLA CE NA ME S OF FIFE A ND KI NROSS
Tor b ain . Tor ban whit e hil l .

Tor l oisk . Tor + l ois gt h e hil l of bu rn ing ( i e of th e . .

h e ath e r ) .

To r r . Th is n am e probably i n dicates h e re a tower l ik e hil l -

.

The word however seem s to ha v e its proper m ean ing

, ,

of an artifi cial tow e r in such o l d F i fe n am es as

T or c a t h ol a c h T or for r e t and T or n a c a t a r is
, ,
.

Tos h .

Tou c h ie . Teclzy u t u l cky Th eu t u l cky T e ch tul ach , .

house on th e hil l .

Tr an syl aw F or T a n s y l a w
. T ansy is a tal l p l a n t w ith .

s mal l yel low flow e rs O F t an as ie . . . .

Tr ap in t h ie .

Tr aval ay S ee D ovol ay
. T he fi r st part of the nam e .

seem s to be the com m on B rython ic word tref m ean ,

in g a d w e l ling .

Tr ea t o n . Tr a tou e Tr ettou u Tr it tou u , ,

.

Tr ol b an y r e o r Tar van e perhaps the sam e plac e as ,

T u r l va n y .

Tr ou st r ie . T r os t r y . Cp T r ou s t ir
i n Cowal an d T ros t a n e .

i n Car r ick N am e d aft e r S t

. D r os t a n who i s .
,

d e sc r ib e d i n conn ection with M a r k i nch as M odr u st u s ,

i u o = my bei ng often prefi xe d to s ai n ts n am e s in ’

I r ish .

Tul l ial l an T u l a c h + a l u in n = b e a u t ifu l hil l

. I Tul ly . .

al l e n.

Tul l ieb ol e Tu l ach B a e igh il l th e hil l of B oy l e Cp

. . .

M aybol e .

Tul l yl u m b Tu lach l om bare hil l

. .

Tu r f h il l s T a rb h
. coill e bu l l s wood ’
.

Tur l va n y .

Tu sh iel aw . D is h il a go Sc . nam e for the c olts foot

plant .

Ty r i e.

Un eak er is , Un ak er is .

Un t h a nk Thi s n am e
. occ urs fr e qu e ntly in S cotl and an d ,

som e ti m es i n th e fo r m W in t h a n k I t is d e ri v ed from .

u in sean n ash tree I n I relan d U nshina g h m ea n s a .

 TH E PLA CE NA MES OF FIFE A ND KINROSS 57

place abou n d ing i n ash tr ee s I n the S outh o f .

S cotl an d th e n am e appears as I n s h an k s whi le in ,

S
( ) P e r th h as U n s c h en a c h an d L ana r k U n c h en o , .

”
I n the S outh of I re l and th e wor d has f p re fi x e d s o ,

that th e n am e app e ars as F un sh inagh .

Ur q u h ar t U r c h a ir
. a throw or cas t of an athl e t e , .

Ur y . This was the n am e o f a str e am l e t run ning i n to

L och l e ven south of M il n athort I t is d er iv e d from .

i ubha r yew tr ee an d signifies a place abou n d ing in ,

y e ws I U ragh or with the artic l e prefi x ed N ewry

. .
, .

See O r w e l l .

Ut h r ogl e . Ut r ogeu a l l e , Uth er oga l e .

V an e, Th e . A b h e in n
’
th e h i ll ( b h e in n being pronou n c e d
app r ox im ately van e ) .

V an t a g e .

Vi car for d T he vicar s ford ’

. .

V o w s Th e E a st an d We s t
, , . Cp E l a n vow
. and E lan
v a n ow i n L oc h l om on d .

Wan l eyis . D ark

colour e d or d irty m eadows Wan is .

a n ol d S c word . .

Wat er l es s This is fo r wate r l eas or m e adows

. Cp . .

M an n er l ess and B r e dl e s .

Waul k mill Th e fu lli ng m i l l

. .

Wedder sb ie V e t h e r s town Cp B a l m u t o
V
.
’
. . .

Wemyss A n Engl ish pl of u ai m h = cav e

. . .

Wh or l awh il l Cor = r ou n d hi l l
. The n am e seem s to .

com p r is e th ree word s of th e same m ean ing .

Win t h an k S ee U nthan k
. .

Wol man st ou n Wol fm an s town .

’
.

Wol m er st ou n W ol m e r s town .
’
.

Woma n h il l Th e ( apu d ,
“
Wol fm an s hil l ’
.

Wo r mit . Tb e Wor met Wo r m or O r m i n S candi navi an .

m e an s a s e rp e nt Th e a r tic l e i n S can din avian e t is

.
-

p os t fix e d to th e nou n T/i e W or m e t is thu s an .

int e l ligible du pl ication .

58 TH E PLA CE N AME S OF FIFE A ND KINROSS

OM I S S A

Cel l ar dyk e . F o r m erly c al le d S k in fa s t h a ve n , or S ky n fis c h

h e ave n .

D al k eith . This n am e of lan d s i n K in r oss sh ir e ( fo r m er ly -

i n P erthshir e) has b een referre d to for th e explan ation

of s e veral n am e s s uch as I nv e rk e ithin g D alkeith .

sig n ifies the fi el d or d istrict o f Cait one of th e e pon y ,

m ou s sons of Cr u it h n e The n am e Cait is involv e d

.

in C aithn ess as on e of the s e ven d ivi sion s of the P icts

in S cotlan d The n am e appears also as G ot ( K )
.
,

hen ce the F ife n am e G oa t m il k .

TH E E ND

Prm tea
’
o
y R . R . CL A R K , m u z o, E cl m ou r g/z