DLTBOODßL

CD@DJFLS

@GIJ-KBSSF
OFUUGOBUÎF F?
NGSGU  6.=
 6.= I. T 5.1 I
IBSUF_ CD_SDLSDZF_ CB NGSGU  FCC-FCO
 FCC-FCO
 

_dstbnf cb dl yb
yboodÿ
oodÿl;
l; rbpf
rbpfrfr
rfr
Redofodÿl cb igs ognpglbltbs

6. Oglbotgr cb 3 pgig s
g  ◊ Qfrf if sglcf ifnecf -@?4

5. _blsgr cb tbnpbrfturf pfrf nûitd pib cb fcndsdÿ l --@0

@05
5

?. Oubrpg cb nfrdpgsf

3. Qgtblodÿn btrg cb
cbii oubrpg cb nfrdpgs f -@:4
-@:4

2. Rldcfc cb oglt rgi C

Cd`dj
d`dj flt -K6:
-K6:4
4

:. Zæivuif bstfedidzfcgrf cb rfibltî -L06

-L06
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr ><pæ`dlf 53-51
53-51  

0. Srflsjgrnfcg r cb
bloblcdcg (L625)
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr
><pæ`dlf 5=-
62

=. _blsgr cb vbigodc fc
cbi vbmîouig -@55
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr
ogl ibotgr cb
fvbrîfs
Z.F.@; 6226

4. Ufogr
Ufogr cb bnpfinb
cb nbcdodÿl
(sÿig n gcbigs 45 <
42)
g  ◊ Qfrf if
nbcdodÿl cb
if prbsdÿl cb
ogneustdeib
61. Oglbotgr obltrfi
pfrf frlbsbs cb
ngtgr

66
66.. Cdstrdeudcgr cb
bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Ogl sblsgr
Mfii -@31
g  ◊ Cbsngltfr
y ngltfr
><pæ`dlf 5=-
= 

65. _blsgr cb
tbnpbrfturf cbi
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb -
 

@:5
g   ◊ Zbrdjdofr
><pæ`dlf 53-
5=  
5=

6?. Oglbxdÿl f nfsfs

bl bi eigqub cb

ngtgr
63. Ub`uifcgr cb if
prbsdÿl cb
ogneustdeib
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr
><pæ`dlf
53-??
53-??  

62. Cbpÿsdtg cb
ofreÿl fotdvfcg
g  ◊ Cbefkg
cbi jditrg cb
fdrb

>< @r. Ubp 51, _dstbnf cb

ogltrgi cb bndsdglbs

6:. Jditr g cb fdrb

60. Zæivuif
bibotrgnf`lätdof
pfrf bi
bi c bpÿsdtg
cb ofreÿl fotdvg -
L=1

>< @r. Ubp. 51, _dstbnf cb

cbpÿsdtg cb ofreÿl fotdvg
 

 
Sfeif
Sfeif cb fvbrîfs;
fvbrîfs; Oÿc d`g cb fvbrîfs
Sfeif cb fvbrîfs;
fvbrîfs; Oÿcd `g c b fvbrîfs
fvbrîfs

Dlcdofodglbs;

   ◊ Igs oÿcd`gs cb fvbrîfs bstæl grcblfcgs ogljgrnb f _FB y/g fi oÿcd`g Z.F.@.
   ◊ Cbspuäs cb mfebr ogrrb`dcg if fvbrîf mfy qub egrrfr if fvbrîf finfoblfcf
16-=..
><Qæ`dlf 16-=

Oÿcd`g cb
Cbsord
Cbsord podÿ l cb fvbrîf Bidndl fodÿl cb if fvbrîf
fvbrîf
fvbrîf
_FB Z.F.@ -
- Zbrdjdofr @31
566? 11262 Srflsndsgr Mfii -@31
Zbrdjdofr bi frläs cb @31
- Zbrdjdofr @:4
5565 1126= Qgtblodÿnbtrg nfrdpgsf -@:4
Zbrdjdofr bi frläs cb @:4
- Zbrdjdofr @06
Srflsn. prbsdÿl
prbsdÿl ogi. fcndsdÿl -
5555 11264 Zbrdjdofr mbrnbtdodcfc cbi sdstbnf cb
@06
fspdrfodÿl
Srflsndsgrr tbnp. rbjrd`brfltb -
Srflsndsg - Zbrdjdofr @:5
5?65 11255
@:5 Zbrdjdofr frläs cb @:5
- Zbrdjdofr @?4
5?35 11252 _glcf ifnecf -@?4
Zbrdjdofr frläs cb @?4
- Iiblfr tflqub y egrrfr if fvbrîf
55?3 112?5 Sblsdÿl cb fidnbltfodÿl - Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb ofr`f
_FB Z.F.@ -
- Zbrdjdofr væivuif cb bstfedidzfodÿl cb
55?6 112?? Ub`uifodÿl cb rfibltî rfibltî L06
Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb fspdrfodÿl
- Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb rb`uifodÿl ifnecf
5?36 112?0 Ub`uifodÿl ifnecf
Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb bsofpb
- Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb bloblcdcg
Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb fspdrfodÿl
- Zbrdjdofr dlybotgrbs L?1, L?6, L?5, L??
Zbrdjdofr bibotrgvæivuif 6 pfrf sdstbnf cb
cbpÿsdtg cb ofreÿl fotdvg L=1
- Zbrdjdofr ofeib cb pgsdodÿl 51 cb if
553? 11234 _böfi cb oglsung Rldcfc cb nflcg Cd`djflt K6:4 fi tfeibrg
cb dlstrunbltgs
d lstrunbltgs
_FB Z.F.@ -
- Zbrdjdofr rb`uifcgr cb prbsdÿl cb
536? 112:6 Fcfptfodÿl cb if nbzoif ogneustdeib
Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb bloblcdcg
- Zbrdjdofr dlybotgrbs L?1, L?6, L?5, L??
Zbrdjdofr sdstbnf cb bsofpb
- Zbrdjdofr bibotrgvæivuif 6 pfrf sdstbnf
cb cbpÿsdtg cb ofreÿl fotdvg L=1
Srflsndsgr pfrf vbigoînbtrg -
- 161=: - Zbrdjdofr sbls
sblsgr
gr pfrf vbigoînbtrg @55
@55
Bibotrgvæivuif 6 pfrf sdstbnf
- Zbrdjdofr frläs cb L=1
3?3? 16530 cb cbpÿsdtg cb ofreÿl fotdvg -
L=1 _ustdtudr L=1
 

Zæivuif cb bstfedidzfodÿl cb - Zbrdjdofr frläs cb L06

33?6 16520
rfibltî -L06 _ustdtudr L06
- _ustdtudr K60
Ubiä egnef cb ogneustdeib -
33?? 16524 Zbrdjdofr frläs cb K60
K60
>< Bsqubnf cb odroudtgs cb ogrrdbltb
Rldcfc cb ogltrgi -K6:4
6666 :22?2 - _ustdtudr K6:4
cbjbotugsf

Eigæidqubs
Eigqubs
 Fl sd s c bcb
i gsvfigr
igs vf
eiigr
g qbs
ubscb
cb nbcdodÿl
vfi gr bs c b nbcd
n bcd od ÿ l Zbmîo
Zbm îoui
uigg s 45 < 42

@rupg c b dlc dofodÿl 11 (vf

(vfigr
igr bs cbodnfibs)
▫ Ngtgr julodglf
j ulodglflcg
lcg bl rfibltî
rfibltî  
Ibbr eigqu b cb vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl 1 Xitrdj ^ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify
x x x x x x x x x x
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = 4 61 Xitrdj ^ Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl Zfigr tbÿrdog
Ubvgiuodglbs cb ngtgr 56?...512
Sdbnpg cb dlyboodÿl ?...:
Qgtblodÿnbtrg cb nfrdpgsf 66...61?
Bstftus sglcf ifnecf 1...65:
Sdbnpg nubrtg 1
Ifnecf 611...522
Ofr`f 31...=1
Sbnpbrfturf cb ngtgr 65...3
Zgitfkb cb eftbrîf 65=...6:1
Sbnpbrfturf cbi fdrb cb fcndsdÿl =1...:

Lgtf;

Igs vfigrbs sgl væidcgs f 5511 n. sgerb bi ldvbi cbi nfr.

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 16
Cdspify xxx/ndl xxx±O xx.xx Z xxxxxxxx
Sb
Sbnp
np brfturf cbi Eflcbrf
Dlcdofodÿl Ubvgiuodglbs
cb ngtgr iîqudcg Zgitfkb
sglcf cb if
ifnecf oglcdodglbs cb
rbjrd`brfltb fjdlfodÿl
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl =1...61= ±O 1.11...6.11 Z ---
trfefkg
Zbr sd`ldjdofcg 6
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl nîl. =1±O gsodifltb
>< Qæ`dlf 16-35 
16-35 
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 15
Cdspify xxx/ndl x.xx ns xx.xx Z xxx ±O
Ubvgiuodglbs cb Sdbnpg cb Zgitfkb cb if Sbnpbrfturf cbi
Dlcdofodÿl
ngtgr dlyboodÿl eftbrîf fdrb cb fcndsdÿl
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl 5.1...?.1 65.11...62.11 Z 51...611±O
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl 5.2 nsb` 63.11 Z :1±O
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl

6 5 ? 3
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 1?
 

Cdspify xxx/ndl xx x 9± xx %
Ogrrdbltb cb Ogrrdbltb cb
Ubvgiuodglbs Qgtblodÿnbtrg cb
Dlcdofodÿl vfiv. bstfe. cb vfiv. bstfe. cb
cb ngtgr if nfrdpgsf
rfibltî rfibltî
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl 64...?6 --- 61...56
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl
¶31/ndl 52 1 6:
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 13

Cdspify xxx/ndl cb
Ubvgiuodglbs xx % xxx xxxxxxxx
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f Zbigodcfc Eflcbrf 5
ngtgr
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl 64...?6 --- ---
trfefkg
Zbr sd`ldjdofcg 5
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl
¶31/ndl 52 % 522
>< Qæ`dlf 16-35 
16-35 

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 12
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx % xx xxx
Ubvgiuodglbs cb Ogrrdbltb FHJ Qrbsdÿl
Dlcdofodÿl Oglsung
ngtgr -L=1 fnedbltfi
Ufl`g cb
trfefkg 0:1...=31/ndl --- --- 603...6=5
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶31
=11¶31/ndl
/ndl 1% --- 60=
@rupg cb dlc dofodÿl 1:
Cdspify xxx xx
xxx
x xx xx
Ogrrdbltb nîldnf
 Fprblcdzfkb  Fprblcdzfkb væivuif Qgt. nfromf
Dlcdofodÿl
cdlændog fpidofcg bstfedidzfcgrf cb bl rfibltî
rfibltî
Ufl`g cb
611...6=1 611...6=1 ?...?3 66...61?
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi 65= 65= 53 32

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3

@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 10
Cdspify xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
Eflcbrf cb
Dlcdofodÿl Eflc brf 2 Eflc brf : Eflcbrf =
sblsgrbs
Zfigr dcbfi Zbr sd`ldjdofcg ? >< Qæ`dlf 16-3? 
16-3? 
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 1=
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx xx xx
Ogrrdbltb tgtfi
Ubvgiuodglbs Blrdqubodndbltg Blrdqubodndbltg
Dlcdofodÿl væiv. bstfe. cb
cb ngtgr oidnf fobibrfodÿl ibltf
rfibltî
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl --- --- 6:...=1
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶
=11¶31/ndl
31/ndl 1 1 31

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
 

@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 14
Cdspify xxxxxxxx xx xx xx
Blrdqubodndbltg Blrdqubodndbltg
Eflcbrf cb Blrdqubodndbltg
Dlcdofodÿl cbspuäs cb frrflqub bl
frrflqub nfromf bl jrîg
frrrflqub ofidbltb
Ufl`g cb
--- --- --- ---
---
trfefkg
Zbr
sd`ldjdofcg 3
Zfigr dcbfi >< Qæ`dlf 16- 1 1 1
33  
33
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 61
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx x.xx ns xx
Ubvgiuodglbs Sdbnpg cb Zbigodcfc
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f
cb ngtgr dlyboodÿl (nfromf)
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl 31...=1 5.11 ...?.11 nsb` ---
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶31
=11¶31/ndl
/ndl 2= 5.21 nsb` ---

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 66
Cdspify xxx ±O xxx±O xxx/ndl x.xx ns

Dlcdofodÿl Sbnpbrftur
Sbnpbrftur f cb Sb
Sbnpbrftur
npbrftur f cb Ubvgiuodglbs cb Sdbnpg cb
fdrb ngtgr ngtgr dlyboodÿl
Ufl`g cb 5.11 ...?.11
51...611 ±O =1...61= ±O 0:1...=31/ndl
trfefkg nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi :1 ±O 45 ±O =11¶
=11¶31/ndl
31/ndl 5.21 nsb`
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 65
Cdspify xxx ±O xxx/ndl xx x.xx ns
Sbnpbrfturf cb Ubvgiuodglbs cb Sdbnpg cb
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f
ngtgr ngtgr Dlyboodÿl
Ufl`g cb 5.11 ...?.11
=1...61= ±O 0:1...=31/ndl 31...=1
trfefkg nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi 45 ±O =11¶3
=11¶31/ndl
1/ndl 2= 5.21 nsb`

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl

6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 6?
Cdspify xx xx xx.xx Z xxx/ndl
 Fprbl
 Fp rbl cd zfkb
Ogrrdbltb væivuif
væivuif Zgitfkb cb Ubvgiuodglbs
Dlcdofodÿl bstfedidzfcgrf cb
bstfedidzfcgrf cb eftbrîf cb ngtgr
rfibltî
rfibltî
Ufl`g cb 65.11...62.11
6:...=1 ?...?3 0:1...=31/ndl
trfefkg Z
Zfigr dcbfi 31 53 63.11 Z =11¶31/ndl
=11¶31/ndl
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 63
Cdspify xxx xxx x.xx Z x.xx nsb`
_böfi cb Sdbnpg cb
Dlcdofodÿl Dltb`rfcgr ME Dltb`rfcgr IE
sglcf ifnecf Dlyboodÿl
Ufl`g cb 5.11 ...?.11
trfefkg --- --- 1.11...6.11 Z nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi 522 ÿ 1 gsodiflcg gsodiflcg 5.21 nsb`
 

 
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 62
Cdspify xx xxx xxx xxx/ndl
Dlcdofodÿl Of
Ofr`f
r`f Qgt. nfrdpgs f Qgt. bl rfibltî Ubvgiuodglbs cb ngtgr
Ufl`g cb trfefkg 31...=1 66...61? 66...61? 0:1...=31/ndl
Zfigr dcbfi 2= 32 32 =11¶31/ndl
=11¶31/ndl
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 6:
Cdspify xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
Dlcdofodÿl Eflc brf 6 Eflcbr f 5 Eflcbrf ? Eflcbrf 3
Zfigr dcbfi Zbr sd`ldjdofcg 2 >< Qæ`dlf 16-33
16-33  

Eigqubs
Eig qubs cb vfigr
vfigr bs cb nbcdodÿl
 Fl æid sd s c b igs
i gs ei g q ubs cb vfi gr bs c b nbcd
n bcd od ÿ l Zbmîo
Zbm îoui
uigg s 4: < 44

@rupg c b dlc dofodÿl 11 (vf

(vfigr
igr bs cbodnfibs)
▫ Ngtgr julodglf
j ulodglflcg
lcg bl rfibltî
rfibltî  
Ibbr eigqu b cb vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl 1 Xitrdj ^ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify
x x x x x x x x x x
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = 4 61 Xitrdj ^ Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl Zfigr tbÿrdog

Ubvgiuodglbs cb ngtgr 56?...512

Sdbnpg cb dlyboodÿl ?...:
Qgtblodÿnbtrg cb nfrdpgsf 66...61?
Bstftus sglcf ifnecf 1...65:
Sdbnpg nubrtg 1
Ifnecf 611...522
Ofr`f 31...=1
Sbnpbrfturf cb ngtgr 65...3
Zgitfkb cb eftbrîf 65=...6:1
Sbnpbrfturf cbi fdrb cb fcndsdÿl =1...:

Lgtf;

Igs vfigrbs sgl væidcgs f 5511 n. sgerb bi ldvbi cbi nfr.

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 16
Cdspify xxx/ndl xxx±O xx.xx Z xxxxxxxx
Sb
Sbnp
np brfturf cbi Eflcbrf
Ubvgiuodglbs Zgitfkb cb if
Dlcdofodÿl iîqudcg oglcdodglbs cb
cb ngtgr sglcf ifnecf
rbjrd`brfltb fjdlfodÿl
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl =1...61=±O 1.11...6.11 Z ---
trfefkg
Zbr sd`ldjdofcg 6
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl nîl. =1±O gsodifltb
>< Qæ`dlf 16-35 
16-35 
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 15
Cdspify xxx/ndl x.xx nsb` xx.xx Z xxx ±O
Ubvgiuodglbs cb Sdbnpg cb Zgitfkb cb if Sbnpbrfturf cbi
Dlcdofodÿl ngtgr dlyboodÿl eftbrîf fdrb cb fcndsdÿl
 

Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl 5.11...?.11 65.11...62.11 Z 51...611±O
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl 5.21 nsb` 63.11 Z :1±O
Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 1?
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx x.xx nsb` x
Ogrrdblt b cb væivuif
Ubvgiuodglbs Sdbnpg cb Ogrrdbltb cb
Dlcdofodÿl cb ngtgr bstfedidzfcgrf cb dlyboodÿl cfsm
rfibltî
Ufl`g cb 5.11...?.11
0:1...=31/ndl 64...:1 ---
trfefkg nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl
¶31/ndl 31 5.21 nsb` 1
@rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 13
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx % xxx xxxxxxxx
Ubvgiuodglbs cb
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f Zbigodcfc Eflcbrf 5
ngtgr
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl 64...?6 --- ---
trfefkg
Zbr
sd`ldjdofcg 5
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl
¶31/ndl 52 % 522
>< Qæ`dlf
16-35
16-35  

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 12
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx % xx xxx
Ubvgiuodglbs cb Ogrrdbltb FHJ Qrbsdÿl
Dlcdofodÿl Oglsung
ngtgr -L=1 fnedbltfi
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl --- --- 603...6=5
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶3
=11¶31/ndl
1/ndl 1% --- 60=
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 1:
Cdspify xx xxx xx xx
Ogrrdbltb cb
 Fprblcdzfkb væivuif Qgt. nfromf bl
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f fotufi
fpidofcg bstfedidzfcgrf
rfibltî cb rfibltî
Ufl`g cb
31...=1 611...6=1 64...:1 66...61?
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi 2= 65= 31 32

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 10
Cdspify xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
Eflcbrf cb
Dlcdofodÿl Eflc brf 2 Eflc brf : Eflcbrf =
sblsgrbs
Zfigr dcbfi 16-3?  
Zbr sd`ldjdofcg ? >< Qæ`dlf 16-3?
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 1=
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx xx xx
Dlcdofodÿl Ubvgiuodglbs Blrdqubodndbltg Blrdqubodndbltg Ogrrdbltb tgtfi
 

cb ngtgr oidnf ibltg væiv. bstfe. cb

rfibltî
Ufl`g cb
0:1...=31/ndl --- --- 6:...=1
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶
=11¶31/ndl
31/ndl 1 1 31

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3

@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 14
Cdspify xxxxxxxx xx xx xx
Blrdqubodndbltg Blrdqubodndbltg
Eflcbrf cb Blrdqubodndbltg
Dlcdofodÿl cbspuäs cb frrflqub bl
frrflqub nfromf bl jrîg
frrrflqub ofidbltb
Ufl`g cb
--- --- --- ---
---
trfefkg
Zbr
sd`ldjdofcg 3
Zfigr dcbfi 1 1 1
>< Qæ`dlf 16-
33  
33
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 61
Cdspify xxx/ndl xx x.xx nsb` xx
Ubvgiuodglbs Sdbnpg cb Zbigodcfc
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f
cb ngtgr dlyboodÿl (nfromf)
Ufl`g cb 0:1...=31/ndl 31...=1 5.11 ...?.11 nsb` ---
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶31
=11¶31/ndl
/ndl 2= 5.21 nsb` ---

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 66
Cdspify xxx ±O xxx±O xxx/ndl x.xx ns
Sbnpbrftur
Sbnpbrftur f cb Sb
Sbnpbrftur
npbrftur f cb Ubvgiuodglbs cb Sdbnpg cb
Dlcdofodÿl
fdrb ngtgr ngtgr dlyboodÿl
Ufl`g cb 5.11 ...?.11
51...611 ±O =1...61= ±O 0:1...=31/ndl
trfefkg nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi :1 ±O 45 ±O =11¶
=11¶31/ndl
31/ndl 5.21 nsb`
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 65

Cdspify xxx ±O xxx/ndl xx x.xx ns

Sbnpbrfturf cb Ubvgiuodglbs cb Sdbnpg cb
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f
ngtgr ngtgr Dlyboodÿl
Ufl`g cb 5.11 ...?.11
=1...61= ±O 0:1...=31/ndl 31...=1
trfefkg nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi 45 ±O =11¶3
=11¶31/ndl
1/ndl 2= 5.21 nsb`

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 6?
Cdspify xx xx xx.xx Z xxx/ndl
 Fprbl
 Fp rbl cd zfkb  Fprbl
 Fp rbl cd zfkb
væivuif væivuif Zgitfkb cb Ubvgiuodglbs
Dlcdofodÿl
bstfedidzfcgrf cb bstfedidzfcgrf cb eftbrîf cb ngtgr
rfibltî, FE_ rfibltî
Ufl`g cb 65.11...62.11
?...?: =...?: 0:1...=31/ndl
trfefkg Z
 

Zfigr dcbfi 53 53 63.11 Z =11¶31/ndl

=11¶31/ndl
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 63
Cdspify xxx xxx x.xx Z x.xx ns
_böfi cb Sdbnpg cb
Dlcdofodÿl Dltb`rfcgr ME Dltb`rfcgr IE
sglcf ifnecf Dlyboodÿl
Ufl`g cb 5.11 ...?.11
--- --- 1.11...6.11 Z
trfefkg nsb`
Zfigr dcbfi 522 ÿ 1 gsodiflcg gsodiflcg 5.21 nsb`

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 62
Cdspify xx xxx xxx xxx/ndl
Dlcdofodÿl Of
Ofr`f
r`f Qgt. nfrdpgs f Qgt. bl rfibltî Ubvgiuodglbs cb ngtgr
Ufl`g cb trfefkg 31...=1 66...61? 66...61? 0:1...=31/ndl
Zfigr dcbfi 2= 32 32 =11¶31/ndl
=11¶31/ndl
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 6:
Cdspify xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
Dlcdofodÿl Eflc brf 6 Eflcbr f 5 Eflcbrf ? Eflcbrf 3
Zfigr dcbfi Zbr sd`ldjdofcg 2 >< Qæ`dlf 16-33
16-33  

Eig qubs cb vfigr

Eigqubs vfigr bs cb nbcdodÿl
_d`ldjdofcg cb ifs odjrfs cbi eigqub lu närdog cb = cî`dtgs
cî`dtgs ;

_d`ldjdofcg 6

Eflcbrf oglcdodglbs cb fjdlfodÿl

6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿs
cdf`lÿstdog
tdog
6 Sbnpbrfturf cb ngtgr lg fioflzf
fioflzfcf
cf
6 UQN dljbrdgrbs f 5111/ndl
6 Qgtblodÿnbtrg cb nfrdpgsf jubrf cb tgibrflodf
6 Julo. dlogrrbotg cb if rb`uifodÿl ifnecf
6 Oidnf oglbotfcg

_d`ldjdofcg 5

Eflcbrf 5
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
1 Ngcg cb frrflqub (dlyboodÿl ofcf ?:1±)
6 Ngcg cb frrflqub (dlyboodÿl ofcf 6=1±)
6 Ogrtb cb dlyboodÿl idebrfcg
6 Ogrtb cb dlyboodÿl fotdvg
 

_d`ldjdofcg ?

Eflcbrf 2
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
cdf`lÿstdog
1 Ufibltî; efkg rä`dnbl cb UQN
6 Ufibltî; fitg rä`dnbl cb UQN
6 Blrdqubodndbltg bl piblf ofr`f fotdvg

Eflcbrf :
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
cdf`lÿstdog
_dl dnpgrtflodf pfrf bi cdf`lÿstdog

Eflcbrf =
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
cdf`lÿstdog
6 Zbrsdÿl ogl trflsndsdÿl futgnætdof
1 Zbrsdÿl ogl trflsndsdÿl nflufi

Eflcbrf cb sblsgrbs
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
6 _blsgr cb prbsdÿl cbjbotugsg
6 _blsgr cb tbnpbrfturf cb fdrb cbjbotugsg
6 Qgtblodÿnbtrg cb if nfrdpgsf cbjbotugsg

_d`ldjdofcg 3

Eflcbrf cb frrflqub
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
cdf`lÿstdog
1 1 Ngtgr jrîg
6 1 Ngtgr ofidbltb
1 6 Ngtgr tdedg

_d`ldjdofcg 2

Eflcbrf 6
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
cdf`lÿstdog
1 1 Nbzoif pgerb
6 1 Nbzoif rdof
6 6 [glf jrîf (lg idstf pfrf gpbrfr)

Eflcbrf 5
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
1 Ngcg cb frrflqub (dlyboodÿl ofcf ?:1±)
6 Ngcg cb frrflqub (dlyboodÿl ofcf 6=1±)
6 Ogrtb cb dlyboodÿl idebrfcg
6 Ogrtb cb dlyboodÿl fotdvg
 

Eflcbrf ?
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
1 1 Ngcg lgrnfi cb gpbrfodÿl
1 6 Ngcg cb fjdlfodÿl
6 6 _blsgr LSO5 cbjbotugsg
1 Ub`uifodÿl ifnecf fûl lg fotdvf
6 Ofr`f piblf
6 Ufibltî

Eflcbrf 3
6 5 ? 3 2 : 0 = Julodÿl cb cdf`lÿstdog
cdf`lÿstdog
6 Oidnf oglbotfcg

Zbrdjdofodÿl biäotrdof
Sfeif
Sfeif cb vbrdjdofodÿ l

Z.F.@. Oglcdodglbs cb
Qrubef 624= Zbrdjdofodÿl cb vbrdjdofodÿl / Srfefkgs Zf
Zfigr
igr tbÿrdog
Mbnerdiifs fcdodglfibs
 Fidnbltfodÿl cb
tblsdÿl cb if fprgx. tblsdÿl
63+6? - Bloblcdcg oglbotfcg
uldcfc cb nflcg cb eftbrîf
Cd`djflt -K6:4
55+6? -
Bibotrgvæivuif 6 cbi
fprgx. tblsdÿl
2+6? cbpÿsdtg cb ofreÿl - Bloblcdcg oglbotfcg
cb eftbrîf
fotdvg
_böfi 21 f if
6+6? uldcfc cb nflcg - Cfr nfromf
Cd`djflt -K6:4
- Zbmîouigs ogl trflsn.
61 Z nîl
nfl;
- Zbmîouigs ogl trflsn.
fut. (pfiflof sbibotgrf bl fprgx. :11 nZ
Q g L);
Nfsf cb uldcfc cb
6?+ - Bloblcdcg
nflcg Cd`djflt - Næxdng 6.1 τ 
nfsf jîsdof cbsoglbotfcg
K6:4
Ofeib mfodf bi rbiä - Qubltbfr ifs tbrndlfibs If egnef cb
Qubltbfr
cb if egnef cb ? y 6? cbi Z.F.@. 624= ogneustdeib
?+6?
ogneustdeib -K60 Bloblcdcg oglbotfcg julodglf
- Jusdeib 6= GH
 Fidnbltfodÿl cb
tblsdÿl cb igs - Bloblcdcg oglbotfcg fprgx. tblsdÿl
65+6?
dlybotgrbs L?1, Qrubef 3 GH cb eftbrîf
L?6, L?5, L??
- Qubltbfr ifs tbrndlfibs
? y 6? cbi Z.F.@. 624=
- Ogl bloblcdcg
_böfi cb fdrb fprgx. tblsdÿl
62+6? oglbotfcg, oglbotfr bi
foglcdodglfcg cb eftbrîf
fdrb foglcdodglfcg
- Cbsoglbotfr bi fdrb
1Z
foglcdodglfcg
6:+6? _blsgr pfrf - Ogl bloblcdcg Cb 1 f 65 Z
 

vbigodcfc cbi oglbotfcg, bibvfr if (gsodifltb)

vbmîouig -@55 rubcf cbifltbrf dzqudbrcf
y `drfrif bl bi sbltdcg cb
if nfromf
 Fidnbltfodÿl cb
tblsdÿl cb if
- Ogl bloblcdcg fprgx. tblsdÿl
3+6? væivuif
oglbotfcg cb eftbrîf
bstfedidzfcgrf cb
rfibltî

Ofeib S52/62 fi - Ogl bloblcdcg _b foodglf bi

bnerf`ub
63+62 ognprbsgr cbi fdrb oglbotfcg publtbfr ifs
nf`lätdog cbi
foglcdodglfcg tbrndlfibs
ognprbsgr
_blsgr cb Zbr `ræjdof cb
tbnpbrfturf cbi - Bloblcdcg vfigrbs cb
61+0
iîqudcg rbjrd`brlftb cbsoglbotfcg rbsdstblodf ><
-@:5 Qæ`dlf 16-25
16-25  
_blsgr cb Zbr `ræjdof cb
tbnpbrfturf cbi - Bloblcdcg vfigrbs cb
4+:
fdrb cb fcndsdÿl - cbsoglbotfcg rbsdstblodf ><
@35 Qæ`dlf 16-25 
16-25 
- Ogl bloblcdcg
cbsoglbotfcg,
cbsoglbotfc g, sbpfrfr bi
Ofeibs mfodf if
5+6? oglbotgr cb if sglcf Næxdng 6.2 τ 
sglcf ifnecf
ifnecf y publtbfr bi
ogltfotg 3 f nfsf
- Ogl bloblcdcg
cbsoglbotfcg,
cbsoglbotfc g, sbpfrfr bi
64+6? oglbotgr cb if sglcf
ifnecf y publtbfr bi
ogltfotg ? f nfsf
- Ogl bloblcdcg
Qgtblodÿnbtrg cb if
0+66 cbsoglbotfcg, bl 6.3 H τ ¶ 1.63 
1.63 
nfrdpgsf -@:4
pgsdodÿl cb rfibltî
- Ogl bloblcdcg
cbsoglbotfcg, bl 5.= H τ ¶ 1.5= 
1.5= 
pgsdodÿl cb piblf ofr`f
o fr`f
- Ogl bloblcdcg
cbsoglbotfcg,
cbsoglbotfc g, rbsdtblodf
0+60 5 H τ ¶ 1.51 
1.51 
tgtfi (lg cbeb vfrdfr ld bl
rfibltî ld f piblf ofr`f
- Ogl bloblcdcg
cbsoglbotfcg,
cbsoglbotfc g, sbpfrfr bi
 Frläs cbi sblsgr
sblsgr
6=+0 oglbotgr cbi sblsgr Mfii y Næxdng 6.2 τ 
Mfii -@31
publtbfr ifs tbrndlfibs 6
y 5 cbi oglbotgr
- Qubltbfr ifs tbrndlfibs
6=+= Næxdng 6.2 τ 
5 y ? cbi oglbotgr
- Ogl bloblcdcg
 Frläs cb btfpf
btfpf jdlfi
cbsoglbotfcg,
cbsoglbotfc g, sbpfrfr bi
cb trflsjgrnfcgr
5?+6? oglbotgr cb if btfpf jdlfi Næxdng 6.2 τ 
cb bloblcdcg -
y publtbfr ifs tbrndlfibs
L620
6 y 5 cbi oglbotgr
- Qubltbfr ifs tbrndlfibs
Næxdng 6.2 τ 
5 y ? cbi oglbotgr
 

 
↕ Zfigrbs cb rbsdstblodf

Bi cdf`rfnf sb rbjdbrb fi
sblsgr cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb (@:5) y fi
sblsgr cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
fdrb cb fcndsdÿl (@35).

Bi cdf`rfnf bstæ suecdvdcdcg

bl cgs nær`blbs cb
tbnpbrfturfs;

  F- cb 1 f 21 ±O
  E- cb 21 f 612
±O

Bkbnpigs;

  ◊ ?1 ±O sb mfiif bl
bi nfr`bl F y
ogrrbspglcb f ulf
rbsdstblodf cb
6.2...5.1 hτ


  ◊
bi =1 ±O sbEmfiif
nfr`bl y bl
ogrrbspglcb f ulf
rbsdstblodf cb
502...?02 τ

Zbrdjdofodÿl cb ognpglbltbs
Ufibltî; vbrdjdofr

Lgtf;

Bi jfotgr ifnecf y bi rä`dnbl cb rfibltî lg sgl rb`uifeibs.

Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng

cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs

  ◊ Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs Z.F.@ 6226/6225 ogl ofeib Z.F.@ 6226/?

Oglcdodglbs cb vbrdjdofodÿl

  ◇ Sbnpbrfturf nîldnf cbi fobdtb cb ngtgr; =1 ±O

  ◇  Oglsu
Oglsundcgrbs
ndcgrbs biäotrdogs cbsoglbotfcgs
cbsoglbotfcgs
  ◇ Fdrb foglcdodglfcg cbsoglbotfcg
  ◇ Omdogtb cb fobibrfcgr fkustfcg

>< @rupg cb Ubpfrfodÿl 51

  ◇ _dstbnf cb bsofpb mbrnätdog

 

Qrgobsg
Qrgobsg c b vbrdjdofodÿl

   ―
 ― Fogpifr
 Fogpifr bi bqudpg Z.F.@ 6226 (Z.F.@ 6225). Qglbr bi ngtgr bl nfromf b dltrgcuodr bi
"oÿcd`g cb cdrboodÿl" 16 pfrf sbiboodglfr if uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr.
(Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs; Oglbotfr y sbiboodglfr if
i f uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr >< pæ`dlf 16-
3.)
   ―
 ― Oglsuitfr
 Oglsuitfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs, bl ofsg lbobsfrdg bidndlfr if fvbrîf bxdstbltb y
cbspuäs egrrfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs >< pæ`dlf 16-=,
16-=, Nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs; oglsuitfr y
egrrfr.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y 3 pfrf if julodÿl "Fkustb eæsdog" y ogljdrnfr if
bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

Lgtf;

If uldcfc cb nflcg nfltdblb bi ngtgr f rä`dnbl cb rfibltî. If væivuif

bibotrgnf`lätdof pfrf bi cbpÿsdtg cb ofreÿl fotdvg -L=1 sb bloubltrf obrrfcf.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Dldodfr bi fkustb
e

Dltrgcuodr l
   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1, 1 y 6 pfrf bi "eigqub cb vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl" y
ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
_dstbnf bl
(6...3 > ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl)
d lcdofodÿl) fkustb e ⇕ 

6 5 ? 3

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ifs rbvgiuodglbs cb ngtgr bl bi ofnpg dlcdofcgr 6, fsî
ogng ifs oglcdodglbs cb fkustb eæsdog bl bi ofnpg dlcdofcgr 3.

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 16
Cdspify xxx/ndl xxx±O xx.xx Z xxxxxxxx
Sbnpbrfturf Zgitfkb cb
Ubvgiuodglbs  Fkustb
Dlcdofodÿl cbi iîqudcg if sglcf
cb ngtgr eæsdog
rbjrd`brfltb ifnecf
Ufl`g cb 1.11...6.11
0:1...=31/ndl -3:...636±O ---
trfefkg Z
Zbr
sd`ldjdofcg
Zfigr
=11¶31/ndl
=11¶31/ndl nîl. =1±O gsodifltb 6
dcbfi
>< Qæ`dlf
16-35 
16-35 

Lgtf;
 

Bi ngtgr cbeb julodglfr ogng nîldng 5 ndlutgs bl rfibltî.

_d sb fioflzfl igs vfigrbs dcbfibs;

   ― Quisfr if tboif ⇕.
 ― Quisfr

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y : pfrf if julodÿl "Jdlfidzfr if trflsndsdÿl cb
cftgs" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.
   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi bloblcdcg.

Ogltdlufodÿl

_d lg sb fioflzf
fioflzfl
l igs vfigrbs dcbfibs;

   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi bloblcdcg.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr bi eubl julodglfndbltg cbi pbcfi cb fobibrfcgr y bi ogrrbotg
fogpifndbltg cbi oglbotgr cb if uldcfc cb ogltrgi.
   ―
 ― Bjbotufr
 Bjbotufr vbrdjdofodÿl cbi ngnbltg
n gnbltg cb bloblcdcg >< pæ`dlf 5=-66.
5=-66.
   ―
 ― Bjbotufr
 Bjbotufr ul rbogrrdcg cb prubef.
   ―
 ― Oglsuitfr
 Oglsuitfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs, bl ofsg lbobsfrdg bidndlfr if fvbrîf
16-=,,
bxdstbltb y cbspuäs egrrfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs >< pæ`dlf 16-=
Nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs; oglsuitfr y egrrfr.
   ―
 ― Bjbotufr
 Bjbotufr lubvfnbltb if vbrdjdofodÿl.

Zbrdjdofodÿl cb ognpglbltbs
Zæivui
Zæivui f pfrf bstfedi
bstfedi dzfodÿl c bi rä`dnbl cb rfibltî -L06
-L06;; vbrd jdo fr

Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng

cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs

  ◊ Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs Z.F.@ 6226/6225 ogl ofeib Z.F.@ 6226/?

Oglcdodglbs cb vbrdjdofodÿl

  ◇ Ldl`ulf fvbrîf finfoblfcf

  ◇ Sbnpbrfturf nîldnf cbi iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb; =1 ±O

Qrgobsg
Qrgobsg c b vbrdjdofodÿl

   ―
 ― Fogpifr
 Fogpifr bi bqudpg Z.F.@ 6226 (Z.F.@ 6225). Qglbr bi ngtgr bl nfromf y cbkfrig `drfr
bl rfibltî pgr 5 ndlutgs. Dltrgcuodr bi "oÿcd`g cb cdrboodÿl" 16 pfrf sbibood
sbiboodglfr
glfr if
uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr.
(Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs; Oglbotfr y sbiboodglfr ifi f uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr >< pæ`dlf 16-
3.)
   ―
 ― Oglsuitfr
 Oglsuitfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs, bl ofsg lbobsfrdg bidndlfr if fvbrîf bxdstbltb y
cbspuäs egrrfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs >< pæ`dlf 16-=, 16-=, Nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs; oglsuitfr y
egrrfr.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify;  Srflsndsd
 

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y = pfrf if julodÿl "Iboturf cb igs eigqubs cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi
cbi cdspify;
Ibbr eigqub cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdod

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1, 1 y 6 pfrf bi "eigqub cb vfigrbs cb
nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr
(6...3 > ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl)
d lcdofodÿl) eigqub cb
vfigrbs
cb nbcdod

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr bl bi ofnpg cb dlcdofodÿl 5 qub if tbnpbrfturf cbi iîqudcg
rbjrd`brfltb sbf nfygr f =1± O.

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdo fodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 16
Cdspify xxx/ndl xxx±O xx.xx Z xxxxxxxx

Dlcdofodÿl Ubvgiuodglbs Sbnpbrfturf

cbi iîqudcg Zgitfkb cb if
sglcf fkustb
cb ngtgr eæsdog
rbjrd`brfltb ifnecf
Ufl`g cb 1.11...6.11
0:1...=31/ndl -3:...636±O ---
trfefkg Z
Zbr
sd`ldjdofcg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶
=11¶31/ndl
31/ndl nîl. =1±O gsodifltb 6
>< Qæ`dlf
16-35 
16-35 

   ― Quisfr if tboif ⇕.
 ― Quisfr

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y = pfrf if julodÿl "Iboturf cb igs eigqubs cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr eigqub cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdod

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1, 1 y : pfrf bi "Iboturf cbi eigqub cb vfigrbs
cb nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr
(6...3 > ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl)
d lcdofodÿl) eigqub cb
vfigrbs cb
nbcdod

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr bl bi ofnpg cb dlcdofodÿl ? if ogrrdbltb cb if væivuif
 

bstfedidzfcgrf cb rfibltî

Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 1:
Cdspify xx xxx xx xx
Ogrrdbltb cb
Dlcdofodÿl Ofr`f  Fprblcdzfkb væivuif Qgt. nfromf
fotufi fpidofcg bstfedidzfcgrf cb bl rfibltî
rfibltî
Ufl`g cb
31...=1 611...6=1 64...:1 66...61?
trfefkg
Zfigr dcbfi 2= 65= 31 32

Lgtf;

If tfeif fltbrdgr fpidof sÿig f igs vbmîouigs 4: < 44.

Qfrf vbmîouigs 45 < 42; Zbr `rupg cb dlcdofodÿl 1:, vbmîouigs 45 < 42

><pæ`dlf 16-50.
16-50.

   ―
 ― Cbsfogpifr
 Cbsfogpifr bi oglbotgr cbi sblsgr cb tbnpbrfturf cbi iîqudcg
rbjrd`brfltb -@:5. Bi vfigr cb bi ofnpg ? cbeb suedr ul pgog y iub`g
rb`rbsfræ f su vfigr grd`dlfi.
   ―
 ― Fogpifr
 Fogpifr lubvfnbltb bi oglbotgr cbi sblsgr cb tbnpbrfturf cbi iîqudcg
rbjrd`brfltb.
   ―
 ― Oglsuitfr
 Oglsuitfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs, bl ofsg lbobsfrdg bidndlfr if fvbrîf
bxdstbltb y cbspuäs egrrfr if nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs >< pæ`dlf 16-=,
16-=,
Nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs; oglsuitfr y egrrfr.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify;

Srflsndsd

   ― Quisfr if tboif ⇕.
 ― Quisfr

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify;  Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y : pfrf if julodÿl "Jdlfidzfr if trflsndsdÿl cb
cftgs" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.
   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi bloblcdcg.

Zbrdjdofodÿl cb ognpglbltbs
_glcf ifnecf
ifnecf y rb`uifodÿl ifnecf; vbrdjd ofr

Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng

cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs

  ◊ Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs Z.F.@ 6226/6225 ogl ofeib Z.F.@ 6226/?

 

Oglcdodglbs cb vbrdjdofodÿl

  ◇ Sbnpbrfturf nîldnf cbi iîqudcg

iîqud cg rbjrd`brfltb;=1 ±O
  ◇ Qrubef cb rfibltî GH
  ◇ _dstbnf cb bsofpb mbrnätdog

Qrgobsg
Qrgobsg c b vbrdjdofodÿl

   ―
 ― Fogpifr
 Fogpifr
bl bi bqudpg
rfibltî pgr Z.F.@Dltrgcuodr
5 ndlutgs. 6226 (Z.F.@ 6225).cb
bi "oÿcd`g Qglbr bi ngtgr
cdrboodÿl" bl nfromf
16 pfrf yglfr
sbibood cbkfrig
sbiboodglfr if `drfr
uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr.
(Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs; Oglbotfr y sbiboodglfr if i f uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr >< pæ`dlf 16-
3.)

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y = pfrf if julodÿl "Iboturf cb igs eigqubs cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr eigqub cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdod


   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1, 1 y 6 pfrf bi "eigqub cb vfigrbs cb
nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr
(6...3 > ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl)
d lcdofodÿl) eigqub cb
vfigrbs
cb nbcdod

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr bl bi ofnpg cb dlcdofodÿl ? bi vgitfkb cb if sglcf ifnecf.
Cbeb sbr jiuotufltb.

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdo fodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 16
Cdspify xxx/ndl xxx±O xx.xx Z xxxxxxxx
Sbnpbrfturf Zgitfkb cb if
Ubvgiuodglbs  Fkustb
Dlcdofodÿl cbi iîqudcg sglcf
cb ngtgr eæsdog
rbjrd`brfltb ifnecf
Ufl`g cb 1.11...6.11
0:1...=31/ndl -3:...636 ±O ---
trfefkg Z
Zbr
sd`ldjdofcg
Zfigr dcbfi =11¶
=11¶31/ndl
31/ndl nîl. =1±O gsodifltb 6
>< Qæ`dlf
16-35 
16-35 

_d sb fioflzfl igs vfigrbs dcbfibs;

   ― Quisfr if tboif ⇕.
 ― Quisfr
   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y : pfrf if julodÿl "Jdlfidzfr if trflsndsdÿl cb
 

cftgs" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

_d lg sb fioflzf
fioflzfl
l igs vfigrb
vfigrbss
dcbfibs;


   ―
 ― Fobibrfr
 Fobibrfr
rbpbltdlfnbltb y
bjbotufr if prubef
lubvfnbltb.

_d cbspuäs cb fobibrfr
rbpbltdlfnbltb, bi vfigr cbi
ofnpg ? pbrnflbob
oglstfltb;

   ―
 ―  ↕ Cbsfogpifr bi
oglbotgr cbi sblsgr
cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb -
@:5.

   ―
 ―  ↕ Cbsfogpifr bi
oglbotgr cbi sblsgr
ifnecf -6- y, ogl
o gl
fyucf cb igs ofeibs
fuxdidfrbs Z.F.@.
6243, publtbfr if
tbrndlfi 3 f nfsf.
Bi vfigr cbi ofnpg ?
cbeb funbltfr.

_d bi vfigr cbi ofnpg ?

funbltf;


   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr if sglcf
ifnecf.

_d bi vfigr cbi ofnpg ? lg

funbltf;

   ―
 ― Ubfidzfr
 Ubfidzfr if
vbrdjdofodÿl biäotrdof
lg. 16-34.
16-34.
_d bs GH, sustdtudr if
uldcfc cb ogltrgi
Cd`djflt -K6:4.
   ―
 ― Fogpifr
 Fogpifr bi sblsgr
sblsgr
cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb -
@:5 y bi oglbotgr cbi
sblsgr ifnecf.
   ―
 ― Oglsuitfr
 Oglsuitfr if
 

nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs,
bl ofsg lbobsfrdg
bidndlfr if fvbrîf
bxdstbltb y cbspuäs
egrrfr if nbngrdf cb
fvbrîfs >< pæ`dlf
16-=,, Nbngrdf cb
16-=
fvbrîfs; oglsuitfr y
egrrfr.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y : pfrf if julodÿl "Jdlfidzfr if trflsndsdÿl cb
cftgs" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.
   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi bloblcdcg.

Zbrdjdofodÿl cb ognpglbltbs
_blsgr
_blsgr c b tbnpbrftu
tbnpbrftu rf cbi iîqu
iîqu dcg rbjr d`brfltb -@:5;
-@:5; vbrdjdo fr

Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng

cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs

  ◊ Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs Z.F.@ 6226/6225 ogl ofeib Z.F.@ 6226/?

  ◊ Frläs cb vbrdjdofodÿl
vbrdjdofodÿl Z.F.@. 624=
  ◊ Ofeib fcfptfcgr Z.F.@. 624=/5

Oglcdodglbs cb vbrdjdofodÿl

  ◇ Ngtgr jrîg

Qrgobsg
Qrgobsg c b vbrdjdofodÿl

   ―
 ― Fogpifr
 Fogpifr bi bqudpg Z.F.@ 6226 (Z.F.@ 6225). Qglbr bi ngtgr bl nfromf b dltrgcuodr bi
"oÿcd`g cb cdrboodÿl" 16 pfrf sbiboodglfr if
i f uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr.
i f uldcfc cb nflcg cbi ngtgr >< pæ`dlf 16-
(Ibotgr cb fvbrîfs; Oglbotfr y sbiboodglfr if
3.)

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y = pfrf if julodÿl "Iboturf cb igs eigqubs cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr eigqub cb
vfigrbs cb nbcdod

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1, 1 y 6 pfrf bi "eigqub cb vfigrbs cb
nbcdodÿl" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Ibbr
(6...3 > ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl)
d lcdofodÿl) eigqub
cb
 

vfigrbs
cb
nbcdod

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr bl bi ofnpg cb dlcdofodÿl 5 if tbnpbrfturf cbi iîqudcg
rbjrd`brfltb.

Ofnpgs
Ofnpgs cb dlcdofodÿl
6 5 ? 3
@rupg c b dlcdofodÿl 16
Cdspify xxx/ndl xxx±O xx.xx Z xxxxxxxx
Sbnpbrfturf Zgitfkb cb Eflcbrf
Ubvgiuodglbs
Dlcdofodÿl cbi iîqudcg if sglcf oglcdodglbs
cb ngtgr
rbjrd`brfltb ifnecf cb fjdlfodÿl
Ufl`g cb 1.11...6.11
0:1...=31/ndl =1...61=±O ---
trfefkg Z
Zbr
 Fprgx.
sd`ldjdofcg 6
Zfigr dcbfi =11 ¶31/ndl tbnpbrfturf gsodifltb
>< Qæ`dlf
fnedbltb
16-35 
16-35 

   ―
 ― Cbkfr
 Cbkfr bi ngtgr
n gtgr julodglflcg bl rfibltî.
If tbnpbrfturf cbeb dlorbnbltfrs
d lorbnbltfrsb
b uldjgrnbnbltb.

_d lg sb fioflzf bi vfigr dcbfi g if tbnpbrfturf

t bnpbrfturf funbl
funbltf
tf bl bsofiglfndbltgs;

   ― Quisfr if tboif ⇕.
 ― Quisfr

↕ Dlcdofodÿl cbi cdspify; 

cdspify; 
Srflsndsd

   ―
 ― Quisfr
 Quisfr ifs tboifs 1 y : pfrf if julodÿl "Jdlfidzfr if trflsndsdÿl cb
cftgs" y ogljdrnfr if bltrfcf ogl if tboif V.
   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi bloblcdcg.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr bi ofeibfcg
ofei bfcg cbi sbl
sblsgr
sgr sb`ûl bi bsqubnf cb odroudtgs cb
ogrrdbltb.

Zbrdjdofr bi ofeibfcg

   ―
 ― Ogl
 Ogl bi bloblcdcg
cbsoglbotfcg,, rbtdrfr
cbsoglbotfcg
bi oglbotgr cb if
if
uldcfc cb ogltrgi
Cd`djflt -K6:4.
   ―
 ―  ↕ Oglbotfr bi
frläs cb vbrdjdofodÿl
Z.F.@. 624= ogl bi
ofeib fcfptfcgr
Z.F.@. 624=/5 fi
frläs cb if uldcfc cb
ogltrgi.
   ―
 ― Bxtrfbr
 Bxtrfbr bi oglbotgr
cb 3 pgigs cbi sblsgr
cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
 

iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb
(@:5).
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl
rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl bi ofeib
bltrb bi frläs cb
vbrdjdofodÿl y bi
oglbotgr cb 3 pgigs,
sd`udblcg bi
bsqubnf cb odroudtgs
cb ogrrdbltb.
Ogltfotg 6 +
mbnerdiif 0
Ogltfotg ? +
mbnerdiif 61
Ubsdstblodf cb ofeib;
6.2 τ næx
næx

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl
rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl bi ofeib
?, fsî ogng if nfsf
cbi vbmîouig, igs
ofeibs bltrb bi frläs
cb prubef y if
tbrndlfi cb 3 pgigs
cbi ogltfotg 6,
sd`udblcg bi
bsqubnf cb odroudtgs
cb ogrrdbltb.
Ogltfotg ? +
mbnerdiif 0
Ogltfotg ? + nfsf
Zfigr dcbfi; ∜ τ
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr fcbnæs
fnegs ofeibs bl
oufltg f ogrtg
odroudtg f pgsdtdvg.
Zfigr dcbfi; ∜ τ

_d lg sb cbtbotf ldl`ulf
fvbrîf cbi ofeib;

   ―
 ― Iibvfr
 Iibvfr fofeg if
nbcdodÿl cb
rbsdstblodf bl bi
sblsgr cb
tbnpbrfturf cbi
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb
(@:5) ogltfotgs 6 y
?.
 

↕ Bi cdf`rfnf sb rbjdbrb fi
sblsgr cb tbnpbrfturf
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb cbiy fi
(@:5)
sblsgr cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
fdrb cb fcndsdÿl (@35).

Bi cdf`rfnf bstæ suecdvdcdcg

bl cgs nær`blbs cb
tbnpbrfturfs;

  F- cb 1 f 21 ±O
  E- cb 21 f 612
±O

Bkbnpigs;

  ◊ ?1 ±O sb mfiif bl
bi nfr`bl F y
ogrrbspglcb f ulf
rbsdstblodf cb
6.2...5.1 hτ
  ◊ =1 ±O sb mfiif bl
bi nfr`bl E y
ogrrbspglcb f ulf
rbsdstblodf cb
502...?02 τ

_d lg sb fioflzf bi vfigr
dcbfi;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr bi sblsgr
cb tbnpbrfturf cbi
iîqudcg rbjrd`brfltb -
@:5
53-5,, pgs.
>< pæ`dlf 53-5
65
65  
   ―
 ― Oglsuitfr
 Oglsuitfr if
nbngrdf cb fvbrîfs,
bl ofsg lbobsfrdg
bidndlfr if fvbrîf
bxdstbltb y cbspuäs
egrrfr if nbngrdf cb
fvbrîfs >< pæ`dlf
16-=,, Nbngrdf cb
16-=
fvbrîfs; oglsuitfr y
egrrfr.

_d lg sb mf cbtbrndlfcg
fi`ulf fvbrîf bl bi ofeibfcg
y igs vfigrbs cb rbsdstblodf
 

sgl GH;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr if uldcfc
cb ogltrgi Cd`djflt -
K6:4.

Zbrdjdofodÿl cb ognpglbltbs
Dlybotgrbs;
Dlybotgrbs; vbrdjdofr
Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng
cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs

  ◊ Nuitînbtrg nflufi Z.F.@. 625: g nuitînbtrg

nuit înbtrg Z.F.@. 6062
  ◊ Iænpfrf cb cdgcg Z.F.@. 6250

Zbrdjdofr if fotdvfodÿl

   ―
 ― Bl
 Bl prdnbr iu`fr rbfidzfr cdf`lÿstdog cb fotufcgrbs
>< pæ`dlf 16-6:
16-6:..
   ―
 ― Bxtrfbr
 Bxtrfbr bi oglbotgr -6- cb tgcgs igs dlybotgrbs.
d lybotgrbs.

   ―
 ―  ↕ Fogpifr if
iænpfrf cb cdgcg
Z.F.@ 6250 ogl
ofeibs fuxdidfrbs cb
Z.F.@ 6243 f bi
oglbotgr cb igs
dlybotgrbs.
   ―
 ― Foodglfr
 Foodglfr bi ngtgr
cb frrflqub y
vbrdjdofr if
fidnbltfodÿl cb
tblsdÿl cb igs
dlybotgrbs.
Bi cdgcg iundlgsg
i undlgsg
cbeb pfrpfcbfr.

_d bi cdgcg iundlgsg lg
pfrpfcbf;

Zbrdjdofr igs ofeibs

   ―
 ―  ↕ Oglbotfr bi frläs cb
vbrdjdofodÿl Z.F.@. 624= ogl bi
ofeib fcfptfcgr Z.F.@. 624=/5 fi
frläs cb if uldcfc cb ogltrgi.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl bi ofeib bltrb bi frläs
cb vbrdjdofodÿl y bi oglbotgr cb 5
pgigs, sd`udblcg bi bsqubnf cb

odroudtgs cb ogrrdbltb.
Ogltfotg 6 + pifof pgrtfrrbiäs
Ogltfotg 5 + mbnerdiif 65
 

Ubsdstblodf cb ofeib; 6.2 τ næx

n æx
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr fcbnæs fnegs ofeibs
bl oufltg f ogrtg odroudtg bltrb sd.
Zfigr dcbfi; ∜ τ

_d lg sb cbtbotf ldl`ulf fvbrîf cbi ofeib;

Zbrdjdofr rbsdstblodfs

   ―
 ―  ↕ Ogl fyucf cb
ul nuitînbtrg,
vbrdjdofr if rbsdstblodf
bl bi oglbotgr -5-
(rbsdstblodf cb igs 3
dlybotgrbs).
Ubsdstblodf
lgndlfi; ?.0 f 2.1 τ
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf dlcdvdcufi
cb ofcf dlybotgr.
Ubsdstblodf
lgndlfi; 62.1 f 51.1
τ
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
ogltdludcfc bltrb bi
ogltfotg 5 cbi
oglbotgr -5- y bi
ogltfotg 6 cbi
oglbotgr cb ofcf
dlybotgr.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
ogltdludcfc bltrb bi
ogltfotg 6 cbi
oglbotgr -5- y bi
ogltfotg 5 cbi
oglbotgr cb ofcf
dlybotgr.
 

_dstbnf cb bloblcdc g; rbpfrf

rbpfrfrr
Ognpglbltbs cbi sd stbnf cb bloblcdcg;
Ognpglbltbs bloblcdcg; c bsngltfr y ng ltfr,
Zbmîouig s 45 < 42

6. Ofeib
Ofeib cb bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr if
ogltdludcfc cb
pfsg

5. Blomujb
fltdpfrfsdtfrdg
g  ◊ Ubsdstblodf 6
Hτ

?. Egr lb 6 (-)

3. Egr lb 62 (+)

2. Btfpf jdlfi pfrf

trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg-L620
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr ><
pæ`dlf 5=-62
5=-62  

:. 61 Ln

0. Srflsjgrnfcg r cb
bloblcdcg -L625
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr ><
pæ`dlf 5=-62

=. Blomujb cb oglbxdÿl

4. Odlt f f nfsf

61. Blomu jb cb eukîf cb

bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Ubsdstblodf 2
Hτ
 

 
66. Euk îf cb b
bloblcdc
loblcdc g
g  ◊ Sgrqub; 52 Ln
g  ◊ Bspbodjdofodglbs
5=-0  
>< pæ`dlf 5=-0

65. 52 Ln

6?. Qifof cb ngltfkb

63. Fldiig kultf

g  ◊ _ustdtudr bl ofsg
cb cbtbrdgrg

62
62.. Cdstrdeudcgr cb bloblcdcg
ogl sblsgr Mf Mfii
ii -@31
g  ◊ Cbsngltfr y
ngltfr >< pæ`dlf
5=-= 
5=-= 
g  ◊ _blsgr Mfii,
vbrdjdofr >< pæ`dlf
5=-6?

6:. Ofpbruzf ouerbpg ivg

60
60.. Ugtgr cbi cdstrdeudcgr cb
bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Cdstdltdvg; U6
g  ◊ Ubsdstblodf; 6
Hτ

6=. Sfpf cbi cdstrdeudcgr

g  ◊ Ubtdrfr if ouedbrtf
cb eidlcfkb, pfrf
rbvdsdÿl cb if tfpf
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr cb ofrf
f cbs`fstb y cfögs

64. Oued brtf cb eidl cfkb

 

_dstbnf cb bloblcdc g; rbpfrf

rbpfrfrr
Ognpglbltbs cbi sd stbnf cb bloblcdcg;
Ognpglbltbs bloblcdcg; c bsngltfr y ng ltfr,
Zbmîouig s 4: < 44

6. Ofeib
Ofeib cb bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr if
ogltdludcfc cb
pfsg

5. Blomujb
fltdpfrfsdtfrdg
g  ◊ Ubsdstblodf 6
Hτ

?. Egr lb 6 (-)
g  ◊ Cbefkg cb
tfpf prgtbotgrf

3. Egr lb 62 (+)
g  ◊ Cbefkg cb
tfpf prgtbotgrf

2. Srflsjgrnfcg r cb
bloblcdcg -L62
-L6255 ogl
btfpf jdlfi p frf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg-L620
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr
trflsjgrnfcgr
cb bloblcdcg
>< pæ`dlf 5=-
62
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr
btfpf jdlfi
>< pæ`dlf 5=-
62  
62

:. 61 Ln

0. Odlt f f nfsf

=. Blomujb cb oglbxdÿl
 

 
4. Blomujb cb eukîf cb
bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Ubsdstblodf 2 Hτ
Hτ

61. Euk îf cb b
bloblcdc
loblcdc g
g  ◊ Sgrqub; 52 Ln
g  ◊ Bspbodjdofodglbs
>< pæ`dlf 5=-0
5=-0  

66. 52 Ln

65. Qifof cb ngltfkb

6?. Fldiig kultf

g  ◊ _ustdtudr bl ofsg
cb cbtbrdgrg

63
63.. Cdstrdeudcgr cb bloblcdcg
ogl sblsgr Mf
Mfii
ii -@31
g  ◊ Cbsngltfr y
ngltfr >< pæ`dlf
5=-= 
5=-= 
g  ◊ _blsgr Mfii,

vbrdjdofr
5=-6? >< pæ`dlf

62. Ofpbruzf ouerbpg ivg

6:
6:.. Ugtgr cbi cdstrdeudcgr cb
bloblcdcg
g  ◊ Cdstdltdvg; U6
g  ◊ Ubsdstblodf; 6 Hτ

60. Sfpf cbi cdstrdeudcgr

g  ◊ Ubtdrfr if ouedbrtf
cb eidlcfkb, pfrf
rbvdsdÿl cb if tfpf
g  ◊ Zbrdjdofr cb ofrf f
cbs`fstb y cfögs

6=. Ouedbrt f cb eidl cfkb

_dstbnf cbcb
Cdstrdeudcgr bloblcdc g; rbpfrf
bloblcdcg;
bloblcdcg; rbpfrfr
r y ngltfr
cbsngltfr
 

Lgtf;

Qfrf bi fcbifltg y rbtfrcg cb

if omdspf, bi grcbl cb
bloblcdcg bs nuy
dnpgrtfltb. Ästb ig rboglgob
if uldcfc cb nflcg f trfväs
cbi sblsgr Mfii bl bi
cdstrdeudcgr cb bloblcdcg, bl
rbifodÿl ogl if nfrof cb
QN_ (pultg nubrtg supbrdgr)
cbi odidlcrg 6.

Nfrof cb QN_
QN_ cbi odidl crg
6; vbrdjdofr

Ngtgr ngltfcg;

   ―
 ―  ↕ Ogigofr bi
vgifltb cb ngtgr -F-
y if pgibf cb
od`ùböfi -E- bl ifs
nfrofs cb QN_ cbi
odidlcrg 6.

Ngtgr c bsngltf
bsngltfcg;
cg;

   ―
 ―  ↕ Ogigofr if pgibf
cbi od`ùböfi bl bi
QN_ cbi odidlcrg 6.
 

   ―
 ―  ↕ If nfrof cbi
bl`rflb cbi æregi cb
ibvfs cbeb ogdlodcdr
ogl if nfrof bl if
tgivf prgtbotgrf.

   ―
 ― Cbsngltfr
 Cbsngltfr
cdstrdeudcgr.
   ―
 ―  ↕ Cdspglbr cb
jgrnf qub ogdlodcf if
bspd`f cb rbobpodÿl
cbi æregi cb if egnef
cb fobdtb ogl bi
grdjdodg rgsofcg.

   ―
 ―  ↕ Ngltfr
cdstrdeudcgr, if nfrof
cb if ofrofsf cbi
cdstrdeudcgr, cbeb
ogdlodcdr ogl bi rgtgr
cbi ndsng.
   ―
 ― Fkustfr
 Fkustfr bi ngnbltg
cb bloblcdcg ><
5=-66..
pæ`dlf 5=-66
   ―
 ― Fprbtfr
 Fprbtfr bi tgrldiig
cb sukbodÿl cbi
cdstrdeudcgr.
Qfr cb fprdbtb; 52
Ln

_dstbnf cb bloblcdc g; rbpfrf

rbpfrfrr
_blsgr
_blsgr Mf
Mfii
ii -@
-@31;
31; vbrdjdo fr

Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng

cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs

  ◊ Nuitînbtrg nflufi Z.F.@ 625: g nuitînbtrg Z.F.@ 6062

  ◊ _bt fuxdidfr cb nbcdodÿl
n bcdodÿl Z.F.@ 6243
 

Oglcdodÿl cb vbrdjdofodÿl

  ◇ Sblsdÿl cb if eftbrîf, 66.2 Z nîldng

Zbrdjdofr fidnbltfodÿl cb tblsdÿl

   ―
 ―  ↕ Bxtrfbr bi 
bi  
oglbotgr cb ? pgigs
cbi sblsgr Mfii.
   ―
 ― Qfrf
 Qfrf nbcdr if
tblsdÿl, fogpifr bi
nuitînbtrg f igs
ogltfotgs bxtbrdgrbs
(6 y ?) cbi oglbotgr
utdidzflcg igs ofeibs
fuxdidfrbs cb Z.F.@
6243.
   ―
 ― Oglbotfr
 Oglbotfr bi
bloblcdcg.
Zfigr tbÿrdog; 61 Z
nîl.
   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi
bloblcdcg.

Zbrdjdofr igs ofeibs

   ―
 ―  ↕ Oglbotfr bi
frläs cb vbrdjdofodÿl
Z.F.@. 624= ogl bi
ofeib fcfptfcgr
Z.F.@. 624=/5 fi
frläs cb if uldcfc cb
ogltrgi.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl
rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl bi ofeib
bltrb bi frläs cb
vbrdjdofodÿl y bi
oglbotgr cb ? pgigs,
sd`udblcg bi
bsqubnf cb odroudtgs
cb ogrrdbltb.
Ogltfotg 6 +
mbnerdiif 0
Ogltfotg 5 +
mbnerdiif 6=
Ogltfotg ? +
mbnerdiif =
Ubsdstblodf cb ofeib;
6.2τ næx
næx
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr fcbnæs
igs ofeibs bl oufltg
f ogrtg odroudtg bltrb
sd.
Zfigr dcbfi; ∜ τ

_d lg sb cbtbotf ldl`ulf
 

fvbrîf cb igs ofeibs y mfy

tblsdÿl bltrb igs ogltfotgs
6+?;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr bi sblsgr
mfii >< pæ`dlf 5=-2
5=-2,,
pgs. 63.
63.

_d lg sb cbtbotf ldl`ulf
fvbrîf cb igs ofeibs y lg mfy
tblsdÿl bltrb igs ogltfotgs
6+?;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr if uldcfc
cb ogltrgi Cd`djflt -
K6:4.

_dstbnf cb bloblcdc g; rbpfrf

rbpfrfrr
Srflsjgr nfcgr cb bloblcdc g -L625
-L625 ogl btfpf jdl fi cb pgtblodf -
L620
L620;; vbrdjdo fr

Mbrrfndbltfs bspbodfibs, bqudpgs cb tfiibr, bqudpgs cb vbrdjdofodÿl y nbcdodÿl, fsî ogng

cdspgsdtdvg s fuxdidfrbs lbobsf
lbobsfrdgs
rdgs


  ◊ Nuitînbtrg nflufi Z.F.@ 625: g nuitînbtrg Z.F.@ 6062
  ◊ _bt fuxdidfr cb nbcdodÿl
n bcdodÿl Z.F.@ 6243
 

  ◊ Iænpfrf cb cdgcg Z.F.@. 6250

Oglcdodglbs cb vbrdjdofodÿl

  ◇ Sblsdÿl cb if
eftbrîf, 66.2 Z
nîldng
  ◇ _blsgr Mfii,
ogrrbotg >< pæ`dlf
5=-6?  
5=-6?

Zbrdjdofr fidnbltfodÿl cb
tblsdÿl

   ―
 ― Cbsfogpifr
 Cbsfogpifr bi
oglbotgr trdpib y bi
ofeib cb fitf tblsdÿl
cbi trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg.
   ―
 ―  ↕ Qfrf nbcdr if
tblsdÿl, fogpifr bi
nuitînbtrg f igs
ogltfotgs6 y ? cbi

oglbotgr cbi cb
trflsjgrnfcgr
bloblcdcg utdidzflc
utdid zflcg
g
igs ofeibs fuxdidfrbs
cb Z.F.@ 6243.
   ―
 ― Oglbotfr
 Oglbotfr bi
bloblcdcg.
Zfigr tbÿrdog;
fprgx. if tblsdÿl cb
if eftbrîf

   ―
 ― Cbsoglbotfr
 Cbsoglbotfr bi
bloblcdcg.

_d lg mfy tblsdÿl;


   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl
rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl bi ofeib
bltrb bi oglbotgr cb
? pgigs ogltfotg 6 y
nfsf, sd`udblcg bi
bsqubnf cb odroudtgs
cb ogrrdbltb.
Ubsdstblodf cbi
ofeib; 6.2 τ næx.
næx.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl
rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl bi ofeib
bltrb bi oglbotgr cb
? pgigs ogltfotg ? y
if pifof pgrtfrrbiäs,
sd`udblcg bi
bsqubnf cb odroudtgs
cb ogrrdbltb.
 

  Ubsdstblodf cbi
ofeib; 6.2 τ næx.
næx.

Zbrdjdofr if fotdvfodÿl

Bl bstf pru bef sb cbeb

tblbr oudcfcg cb lg tgofr
ifs tbrndlfibs cbi
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg ld igs ofeibs cb
vbrdjdofod

   ―
 ―  ↕ Oglbotfr if
iænpfrf cb cdgcg ogl
igs ofeibs fuxdidfrbs
bl igs ogltfotgs 5 y
? cbi oglbotgr trdpib
cbi trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg.

   ―
 ― Foodglfr
 Foodglfr bi ngtgr
cb frrflqub.
Bi cdgcg cbeb
pfrpfcbfr.

_d bi cdgcg lg pfrpfcbf;

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr igs ofeibs
>< pæ`dlf 5=-60 
5=-60 

Zbrdjdofr igs ofeibs

 

   ―
 ―  ↕ Oglbotfr bi
frläs cb vbrdjdofodÿl
Z.F.@. 624= ogl bi
ofeib fcfptfcgr
Z.F.@. 624=/5 fi
frläs cb if uldcfc cb
ogltrgi.
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr ogl
rbspbotg f
dltbrrupodÿl igs
ofeibs bltrb bi frläs
cb vbrdjdofodÿl y bi
oglbotgr cb ? pgigs
sd`udblcg bi
bsqubnf cb odroudtgs
cb ogrrdbltb.
Ogltfotg 5 +
mbnerdiif 5?
Ubsdstblodf cb
ofeib; 6.2 τ næx.
næx.

_d lg sb cbtbotf ldl`ulf
fvbrîf cb igs ofeibs y mfy
tblsdÿl bltrb igs ogltfotgs 6
y ?;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr if uldcfc
cb ogltrgi Cd`djflt -
K6:4.

Zbrdjdofr rbsdstblodfs

   ―
 ― Cbsfogpifr
 Cbsfogpifr bi
oglbotgr y bi ofeib
cb bloblcdcg cbi
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg -L625.
   ―
 ―  ↕ Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf prdnfrdf
ogl bi nuitînbtrg
nflufi Z.F.@. 625:
bltrb igs egrlbs 6 y
62.
Zfigr lgndlfi;
1.2...1.0 τ
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf
sboulcfrdf ogl bi
nuitînbtrg nflufi
Z.F.@. 625: bltrb igs
egrlbs 3 y 62.
Zfigr lgndlfi; ?.5
Hτ¶61 %
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
ogltdludcfc bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs ? cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
 

bloblcdcg y bi egrlb
62 cbi trfls
t rflsjgrnfcgr
jgrnfcgr
cb bloblcdcg.

Zbmîouigs 4: < 44;

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs 6 y 5 cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg
Zfigr lgndlfi; ?.3
Hτ¶61 %
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs 6 y ? cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg
Zfigr lgndlfi; 5.?
Hτ¶61 %
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs 5 y ? cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg
Zfigr lgndlfi; 6.1
Hτ¶61 %

_d lg sb fioflzf
fioflzfl
l igs vfigrbs
lgndlfibs;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr bi
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg ogl btfpf
jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg.

Zbmîouigs 45 < 42;

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs 6 y 5 cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg
Zfigr lgndlfi; 6.?
Hτ¶61 %
   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs 6 y ? cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg
Zfigr lgndlfi; 3
Hτ¶61 %
 

   ―
 ― Zbrdjdofr
 Zbrdjdofr if
rbsdstblodf bltrb ifs
tbrndlfibs 5 y ? cb if
btfpf jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg
Zfigr lgndlfi; 2.3
Hτ¶61 %

_d lg sb fioflzf
fioflzfl
l igs vfigrbs
lgndlfibs;

   ―
 ― _ustdtudr
 _ustdtudr bi
ognpglbltb
cbjbotugsg,
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg ÿ btfpf
jdlfi pfrf
trflsjgrnfcgr cb
bloblcdcg.