Muscle Tissue

Prepared by: Cherries V. Sanchez, RMT.

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Muscle Tissue
• Composed of elongated cells with the property of contractility
• Moves entire body and pumps blood
• Contracts or shortens with force

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Functions of Muscle Tissue
• Movement

• Maintenance of posture

• Joint stabilization

• Heat generation

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Special functional characteristics of muscle
• Contractility
• Only one action: to shorten
• Shortening generates pulling force
• Excitability
• Nerve fibers cause electrical impulse to travel
• Extensibility
• Stretch with contraction of an opposing muscle
• Elasticity
• Recoils passively after being stretched

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Types of Muscle Tissue
•Skeletal
•Cardiac
•Smooth

Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

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Types of Muscle Tissue

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Skeletal Muscle

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Skeletal Muscle
• Muscle Fasciculi à muscle bundles
• Fasciculusà composed of muscle cells
or muscle fibers
• Muscle fiberà a single cylindrical cell;
contains nuclei located at the periphery

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 The framework of connective tissue provides
support to muscle fibers in following manner:

• EPIMYSIUM: dense regular connective sheath

surrounding the entire muscle.
• PERIMYSIUM: dense regular connective tissue
covering bundles of muscle fibers fascicles.
• ENDOMYSIUM: loose connective tissue
composed of reticular fibers supporting
individual muscle fiber

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Muscle Cell (Muscle fiber)
• Sarcolemma à Plasma membrane
• Sarcoplasm à Cytoplasm
• Sarcoplasmic Reticulum à Smooth ER
• Sarcosome à Mitochondria

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Muscle Cell (Muscle fiber)
• Transverse tubules (T tubules) à tube like invaginations of the
sarcolemma

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Muscle Cell (Muscle fiber)
• Myofibrils à threadlike structure that extends from one end to the
muscle fiber to the other (protein fibers)
• Actin myofilament (thin)
• Myosin myofilament (thick)
• Sarcomereà Arrangement of actin and myosin into highly organized
repeating units; Basic structural and functional unit of skeletal muscle

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• Sarcomeres
• Myofibrils
• Actin myofilaments (Thin)
• Myosin myofilaments (Thick)

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Actin Myofilaments
• Composed of 2 strands of Fibrous actin (F actin)
• Tropomyosin molecules
• Troponin molecules
• The two strands of F actin are coiled to form a double helix
• Globular actin (G actin) à globular units

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Myosin myofilaments
• Composed of myosin molecules that consists of :
• 2 Myosin heavy chains
• 2 Myosin heads

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No part of this material may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical
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No part of this material may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical
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 Skeletal Muscle
•Attach to and move skeleton
•40% of body weight
•Fibers = multinucleate cells
•Cells with obvious striations
•Contractions are voluntary

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 Skeletal Muscle

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Cardiac Muscle

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 Cardiac Muscle
•Only in the wall of the heart
•Cells are striated
•Contractions are
involuntary (not voluntary)

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 Cardiac Muscle
• Autorhythmic
• Striated
• Single nucleus
• Connected by
intercalated disks

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 Intercalated disks
• Unique and distinguished characteristic of cardiac muscle
• Dark staining transverse lines that cross the chains of
cardiac cells at irregular intervals
• Represent junctional complexes between two adjacent
cardiac myocytes.

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 Cardiac Muscle

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Smooth Muscle

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 Smooth Muscle
•Walls of hollow organs and
blood vessels
•Lack striations
•Contractions are involuntary
(not voluntary)

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 Smooth Muscle

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No part of this material may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical
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