BACTERIA

1. Describe the following:

Descriptive term Adaptive feature
Psychrophile

Mesophile

Thermophile

Thermoduric

Halophile

Acidophile

Aerobe

Obligate anaerobe

Autotroph

Heterotroph

2. Describe the structure and functions of the following bacterial component.

Cellular Component Structure Function
Cell wall

Cytoplasmic membrane
 Cytoplasm

Nucleoid

Plasmids

Ribosomes

Inclusion granules

Flagella

Fimbrae

Pili

Capsules and slime layers

S-layers

3. What is the significant implications of biofilm in medicine and in industry?

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4. Describe bacterial sporulation.

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5. Differentiate endospore formation and endospore germination.
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6. Differentiate ENDOTOXIN from EXOTOXIN.

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7. Describe how bacteria multiplies in relation to division cycle.

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8. What is population growth of bacteria?
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What are the environmental factors that influence bacterial growth and survival? Explain briefly.
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11. Describe the following physicochemical factors that affect growth and survival of bacteria.
Temperature
pH

Water Activity/Solutes

Oxygen Requirements