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Atomic size DECREASING

Ionic size DECREASING

Electron affinity INCREASING

I
Ionization energy INCREASING
N
I
C Electronegativity INCREASING
N D
R
C E D
E
R C E
A D
E R C
S E
A E R
I C
S A E
N R
I S A
G E
N I S A
G N I S
G N I
G N
G

NAME OF STUDENT: __________________________________________________________

SECTION: __________________________________________________________
SCHOOL: __________________________________________________________
SUBJECT TEACHER: __________________________________________________________

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

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e-
Electron
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WEEK 7 – MODULE ?
Atomic Size Decrease

Ionic Size Decrease

Ionization Energy Increase

Electron Affinity Increase

Electronegativity Increase
Electronegativity Decrease
Electron Affinity Decrease
Ionization Energy Decrease
Atomic Size Increase

Ionic Size Increase

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

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 INSTRUCTIONS TO THE LEARNERS

You are given the opportunity to continue learning amidst in these pandemic. Keep in mind that
you learn best when you are willing to do so.
Before you start learning in this module, here are some of the instructions for your success in the
learning process:
1. Read and understand the content of every page.
2. Follow the instructions and answer every activity given.
3. Ask for assistance if you need further understanding about the lesson.
4. Enjoy learning while at home.

INTRODUCTION

The many trends in chemical and physical properties that we correlate with the periodic table are
based on the electron configuration of the elements, especially the configuration in the outermost
occupied shell, and on how far away that valence shell is from the nucleus.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Before you start studying with this module, answer first the following questions to
measure your knowledge about the topic.

Identify the trends of the elements in the periodic table. Write INCREASES or
DECREASES on the space provided.

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 1. Atomic size from right to left

2. Ionic size from right to left

3. Ionization energy from bottom to top

4. Electron affinity from left to right

5. Electronegativity from top to bottom

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

After reading this module, you should be able to:

1. Explain the periodic trends of elements in the periodic table (atomic size, ionic size, ionization
energy, electron affinity, electronegativity) (SSP -S8MT -iiif -g-10)
2. Identify the trends of the periodic table (atomic size, ionic size, ionization energy, electron affinity
and electronegativity)

CONTENT

 A periodic trend is a regular variation the properties of an element with increasing atomic number. A
periodic trend is attributed to regular variations in the atomic structure of each element. There are trends
and patterns of the elements in the Periodic Table.

 ATOMIC SIZE
Atomic size is expressed by the radius of the atom. From left to right across a row of the Periodic
Table, the number of main energy levels does not change. But with a greater nucleus charge, the nucleus
exerts a stronger attraction on the electrons. This results in more stable and smaller atomic orbitals. It is
also a distance between the center of the nucleus of an atom and the outermost electrons.

2
  Atomic size increases from right to left ( ).
 Atomic size decreases from bottom to top ( ).

Legend:
Example:
– largest atomic
size Cu K Ni Br
– smallest atomic
size

 IONIC SIZE
Ionic size is the size of an atom once it has gained or lost electrons. When an atom loses one or
more electrons, it becomes positively charged and is known as cation. Conversely, when an atom gains
one or more electrons, it becomes negatively charged and is called anion.
 Ionic size increases from right to left ( ).
 Ionic size decreases from bottom to top ( ).

Legend:
Example:
– largest atomic
size I Tc Te Sr
– smallest atomic
size

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  IONIZATION ENERGY
Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. It is also
the removal of electrons from atoms causes the atoms to become ions (or to be ionized), the energy which
brings about such removal of the electrons.
 Ionization energy increases from left to right ( ).
 Ionization energy decreases from top to bottom ( ).

Legend:
Example:
– highest atomic
size Po O Lv Te
– lowest atomic
size

 ELECTRON AFFINITY
Electron Affinity is the energy released when an atom takes in an electron. It is also measures an
atoms ability to attract electrons.
 Electron affinity increases from left to right ( ).
 Electron affinity decreases from top to bottom ( ).

Legend:
Example:
– highest atomic
size
B Ga Nh Tl
– lowest atomic
size

4
 ELECTRONEGATIVITY
Electronegativity it may be defined simply as the ability of an atom to hold or attract electrons.
 Electronegativity increases from left to right ( ).
 Electronegativity decreases from top to bottom ( ).

Legend:
Example:
– higest atomic
size Fl Rg Fr Og
– lowest atomic
size

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LEARNING ACTIVITY

Circle the element with the largest atomic size and put a square around the element with
the smallest atomic size.

1.) O C Be Ne

2.) Na Rb Fr H

Circle the element with the highest ionization energy and put a square around the element
with the lowest ionization energy.

3.) S Na Ar Al

4.) V Zn Br Ca

Circle the element with the highest electronegativity and put a square around the element
with the lowest electronegativity.

5.) Ag I Y Cd

6.) Os Cs W Au

Circle the element with the largest ionic size and put a square around the element with the
smallest ionic size.

7.) Pb C Sn Si

8.) Li Be Ne F

Circle the element with the highest electron affinity and put a square around the element
with the lowest electron affinity.

9.) Rn Cs Hf Ir

10.) Nb Sr Xe Ru

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 POST-ASSESSMENT

Match the following terms from column A with their definition in column B. Write the
correct letter on the space provided before the number.

a. The ability of an atom to hold or

_____1.) Ionization Energy attract electrons.
b. Expressed by the radius of the
_____2.) Ionic Size
atom.
c. The size of an atom once it has
_____3.) Electron Affinity
gained or lost electrons.
_____4.) Electronegativity d. The amount of energy required to
remove an electron from an atom.
_____5.) Atomic Size e. It measures an atoms ability to
attract electrons.

Using the periodic table on page 5 and your knowledge about the periodic trends, arrange
the following elements from left to right ( ) in an increasing pattern according to the
property.

ELECTRONEGATIVITY Ionization energy Atomic size Electron affinity

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 SUMMARY

You just learned that the groups of representative elements exhibit similar chemical properties
that change in regular way. You now know the basis for the similarity of properties in a group, i.e., each
group member has the same valence electron configuration. It is the number and type of valence electron
that determines an atom’s chemistry. This is one of the most valuable information obtained from the
periodic table – the electron configuration of any representative element.

You also learned how the metallic and nonmetallic characters of atoms relate to set of atomic
properties. In general, large atomic radii and low ionization energies are associated with metals. Small
atomic radii and high ionization energies are associated with nonmetals.

REFERENCES

BOOKS

Mapa, Amelia P.,Ph.D. , et.al (2001). Chemistry Textbook Science and Technology 3 rd Year. SD Publications Inc.
G.Araneta Ave., cor. Ma. Clara Street, Sta. Mesa Heights, Quezon, City.

University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Management (2013).
CHEMISTRY: Scence and Technology Textbook for Third Year. Vibal Publishing House, Inc.1253
G. Araneta Ave. corner Ma. Clara Street, Quezon City.

INTERNET SORCES

By Science News for Students – Scientists Say: Periodic table. 2003 from
https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/scientists-say-periodic-table

By Dreamstime – Periodic Trends Illustrator and Vector. 2020 from

https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration/periodic-trends.html

By Saylordotorg – Overview of Periodic Trends from https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_general-chemistry-

principles-patterns-and-applications-v1.0/s25-01-overview-of-periodic-trends.html

By Chemistry God – Dmitri Mendeleev (1894 - 1907). 17, March 2020 from https://chemistrygod.com/dmitri-
mendeleev

By Pinterest – Chemistry Superstars from https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/74450200073332393/

By David W. Ball and Jessie A. Key – Periodic Trends from

https://opentextbc.ca/introductorychemistry/chapter/periodic-trends-2/

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By Royal Society of Chemistry – Periodic Table. 2020 from https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/history/about

By Eric R. Scerri – The Evolution of the Periodic System. 21, January 2011 from
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-evolution-of-the-periodic-system/

By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D – Periodic Trend Definition. 03, February 2019 from
https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-periodic-trend-
605901#:~:text=A%20periodic%20trend%20is%20a,atomic%20structure%20of%20each%20element.

By Chemistry 10 – Chemical and Physical Properties Trends for https://saintschemistry10.weebly.com/trends.html

By Mr. Knowles – Chemistry: Periodic Table Trends. 2020 from https://quizlet.com/265775011/chemistry-periodic-

table-trends-diagram/

ANSWER KEY

PRE-ASSESSMENT:

1. Atomic Size - INCREASES 4. Electron Affinity - INCREASES

2. Ionic Size - INCREASES 5. Electronegativity - DECREASES

3. Ionization Energy - INCREASES

LEARNING ACTIVITY:
Atomic Size: Electronegativity: Electron Affinity:

1. O C Be Ne 1. Ag I Y Cd 1. Rn Cs Hf Ir

2. Na Rb Fr H 2. Os Cs W Au 2. Nb Sr Xe Ru

Ionization Energy: Ionic Size:

1. S Na Ar Al 1. Pb C Sn Si

2. V Zn Br Ca 2. Li Be Ne F

POST-ASSESSMENT:

A. B.
1. D Electronegativity: Ionization Energy:
1. Fr, Db, Hs, Mc 1. Ra, Ba, Ca, Mg
2. C 2. Li, B, O, F 2. Mc, Rn, Kr, Ne
3. Ta, Re, Pt, Po 3. Cs, Au, Hg, Pb
3. E
Atomic Size: Electron Affinity:
4. A 1. H, K, Sr, Tl 1. Mg, Al, P, S
2. Co, Rh, W, Sg 2. Rb, Nb, Ru, Te
5. B 3. F, O, N, B 3. W, Os, Bi, At