Relays for Transmission & Distribution Lines Protection

SL Lines to be protected Relays to be used

400 KV Main-I: Non switched or Numerical Distance Scheme
1
Transmission Line Main-II: Non switched or Numerical Distance Scheme
Main-I : Non switched distance scheme (Fed from Bus
220 KV
2 Main-II: Switched distance scheme (Fed from line CVT
Transmission Line
With a changeover facility from bus PT to line CVT and
Main Protection : Switched distance scheme (fed from
132 KV
3 Backup Protection: 3 Nos. directional IDMT O/L Relays
Transmission Line
1 No. Directional IDMT E/L relay.
4 33 KV lines Non-directional IDMT 3 O/L and 1 E/L relays.
5 11 KV lines Non-directional IDMT 2 O/L and 1 E/L relays.
Relays for Transformer Protection
Voltage Ratio and
SL Relays on HV Side Relays on LV
Capacity of Transformer

3 nos Non-Directional O/L Relay

11/132 KV
1 1 no Non-Directional E/L Relay --
Generator Transformer
and/or standby E/F + REF Relay

13.8/220 KV
15.75/220 KV 3 nos Non-Directional O/L Relay
2 18/400 KV 1 no Non-Directional E/L Relay --
21/400 KV and/or standby E/F + REF Relay
Generator Transformer

3 nos Non-Directional O/L Relay

220 /6.6KV
3 1 no Non-Directional E/L Relay 3 nos Non-Dir
Station Transformer
and/or standby E/F + REF Relay
4 Gen-volt/6.6KV UAT 3 nos Non-Directional O/L Relay 3 nos Non-Dir

3 nos O/L Relay 2 nos O/L Rel

5 132/33/11KV upto 8 MVA
1 no E/L Relay 1 no E/L Rela

132/33/11KV above 8 MVA & 3 nos O/L Relay 3 nos O/L Rel
6
below 31.5 MVA 1 no Directional E/L Relay 1 no E/L Rela

3 nos O/L Relay 3 nos O/L Rel

7 132/33KV, 31.5 MVA & above
1 no Directional E/L Relay 1 no E/L Rela

220/33 KV, 31.5MVA & 3 nos O/L Relay 3 nos O/L Rel
8
50MVA 220/132KV, 100 MVA 1 no Directional E/L Relay 1 no Direction

3 nos Directional O/L Relay

3 nos Directio
(with dir.highset)
(with dir.highs
9 400/220KV 315MVA 1 no Directional E/L relay.
1 no Direction
Restricted E/F relay
Restricted E/F
3 nos Directional O/L Relay for action

Points to be remembered in respect of protection of transformers

1. No Buchholz relay for transformers below 500 KVA capacity.
 2. Transformers up to 1500 KVA shall have only Horn gap
protection.
3. Transformers above 1500 KVA and upto 8000 KVA of
33/11KV ratio shall have one group control breaker on HV side
and individual LV breakers if there is more than one
transformer.
4. Transformers above 8000 KVA shall have individual HV and
LV circuit breakers.
5. The relays indicate above shall be provided on HV and LV.
6. LAs to be provided on HV and LV for transformers of all
capacities and voltage class.
7. OLTC out of step protection is to be provided where master
follower scheme is in operation.
8. Fans failure and pumps failure alarms to be connected.
Alarms for O.T., W.T., Buchholz (Main tank AND OLTC) should be connected.