Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Catanduanes

COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING 8

Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 2

Correct Specifications from

Relevant Sources

San Andres Vocational School

San Andres, Catanduanes
Kreamer S. Vigen
CHS 8 Teacher-09129265002
Introductory Message
For the Learner:

Welcome to the (Technology and Livelihood Education 9) Self-Learning Module on (Correct

Specifications from Relevant Sources)!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations – This points to the set of knowledge and skills that you will
learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson at hand.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and application of the

lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the lesson.

Post-test - These measures how much you have learned from the entire
module.
Software – the programs and other operating information used by a computer.

Integrated – combine (one thing) with another so that they become a whole.

Interface – a device or program enabling a user to communicate with a computer.

Graphics – a graphical item displayed on a screen or stored as data.

Link – make, form or suggest a connection with or between.

Frequency – electromagnetic field (as in radio waves and light), usually measured per second.

Essentials – a thing that is absolutely necessary.

Performance - the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action task or function

Expansion – an action of becoming larger or more extensive.

Capacity – the ability or power to do, experience, or understand something.

MB - Megabytes
GB - Gigabytes
Mhz – Megahertz
GHz - Gigahertz
CAS - Column Access Strobe
GPUs - Integrated Graphics Processing Units
HZ - Hertz
FSB - Front Side Bus
LEARNING OUTCOME 1

Correct Specifications from Relevant Sources

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

1. Correct specifications are obtained from relevant source.

2. Accurate measurements are obtained for job.

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

A. discuss the correct specifications from relevant sources;

B. select the right specifications of computer components; and
C. appreciate the importance of knowing how to choose the correct specifications of
computer components.
Matching Type: Match column A with column B. Write your answer in a one whole sheet
of paper (intermediate pad).

A B
1. It is measured in bits (b) and bytes (B). a. Specification
2. Consists of speed, timing and voltage. b. Data storage capacity
3. A small amount of very fast memory that c. Integrated Graphics
is used for temporary storage. Processing Unit
4. This is a designed to perform the calculations d. Memory speed
related to graphics of a processor. e. Cache
5. The requirements of the computers for technical f. Cores
details of its components and functionality
Introduction
The term "specs" comes from the word specification. Specifications are requirements
of computers for technical details of components and functionality of the computer. These
include information concerning speed, power, memory, graphics, and others.

When you will purchase a printer, for example, it needs either Windows XP or Mac
OS X 10.3 or higher. This requires a USB port and 80 MB of hard drive space available. If
the device has no USB port you won't be able to connect the printer. The printer drivers
may be incompatible with your operating system if your computer does not have Windows
XP or Mac OS X 10.3 or higher. This means your computer will not recognize the printer.

Correct Specifications from Relevant Sources

Memory

The RAM is measured in both Megabytes (MB) and Gigabytes (GB). The amount of
RAM a computer requires depends on the software it needs to run efficiently. A computer
running Windows XP will work with 1 GB of RAM, whereas for computers running Windows
7, a minimum of 2 GB will do. For the performance requirements of memory, look for the
following: (1) Speed, typically expressed in megahertz (mhz) (2) Timing, generally known
as CAS (Column Access Strobe) and (3) voltage. For most DDR4 modules the memory speed
ranges from 2133MHz to 3200MHz.

Example of Technical Specification:

JEDEC Standard
DDR3 Speed Grade : 1333Mbps
Unbuffered DIMM : 240-pin
Memory Organization : x8 FBGA DRAM chip
DDR3 DRAM interface : SSTL_15
CAS latency : 9-9-9
Bandwidth : 10660MB/s
Processor

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) or processor is an integrated electronic circuit

which carries out the calculations running a computer. A processor executes arithmetic,
mathematics, input/output (I/O), and other simple instructions passed from an operating
system. The speed of the processor chip of a computer is known as "clock speed" in
gigahertz (GHz) units, with the latest modern processors operating at 4.7GHz currently.

The following are the features to consider in selecting a processor:

1. Cores- since the functionality of multi-core processors have become more

popular, and software has developed to use multi-core technology. There are some
options to choose, from dual-core to 8-core processors. The "Core" family of
processors includes Core 2, Core i3, Core i5, and Core i7, the last of which is the
most powerful.

2. Cache-is a form of very fast memory channels that is inserted into the processor
chip and used to store instructions to slow down as little as possible between
tasks. A cache measures in Megabytes (MB), with low-end Celeron processors
having as little as 0.25 MB of cache (256 KB), and high-end Itaniums with up to
24 MB.

3. Socket compatibility-enables the interface between the motherboard and its

CPU. After you have already purchased a motherboard, confirm the processor
mounted if it is compatible with its socket.

4. Integrated Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) -is designed to perform graphics-

related calculations. If the processor does not have an integrated GPU, the
computer can still display the graphics if there is a separate graphics card or if
the motherboard offers an on-board video.

5. Frequency- the CPU frequency is measured in hertz (Hz). It is the speed the CPU
that runs while working. If the CPU architecture operates at a lower frequency, it
will potentially work better than a processor running at a higher frequency.

6. Front Side Bus (FSB) is a communication interface that acts as the major link
between the CPU and system memory with the other parts of the chipset and
motherboard. FSB speed is measured in hertz (Hz) and is also expressed as a
ratio to CPU speed. It can range from 66 MHz to over 800 MHz. For example, a
processor running at 2.4 GHz with an FSB of 400 MHz would have a CPU to FSB
ratio of 6:1.
Example Technical Specification:

Essentials
Product Collection : 7th Generation Intel® Core™ i5 Processors
Processor Number : i5-7400
Performance
# of Cores :4
Max Turbo Frequency : 3.50 GHz
Cache : 6 MB SmartCache
TDP : 65 W
# of Threads :4
Bus Speed : 8 GT/s DMI3
Processor Base Frequency : 3.00 GHz

Video Card

Also known as graphics card, display adapter, video adapter, video board, or video
controller, a video card is an expansion card that connects to a computer motherboard. It
is a piece of hardware inside the computer that processes images and videos. The more
efficient the GPU (Graphic Processing Unit), the faster information will be shown and better
overall visual experience will be displayed.

An overall indicator of the card's efficiency is its frame rate, expressed in frames
per second (FPS). It shows how many full images a card can display per second. The
human eye can process about 25 frames per second, but fast-acting games require a frame
rate of at least 60 FPS to produce smooth animation and scrolling. The elements of frame
rate are as follows:

The triangles or verticals per second: 3-D pictures are composed of triangles or
polygons. This measures how fast the GPU can measure the complete polygon or the
vertexes. In general, it describes how quickly a wireframe image is constructed by
the card.
Pixel fill rate: This measures the pixels that the GPU can process in a second, which
converts to how quickly the image could be scanned.

The graphics card’s hardware directly affects its speed. Below are the hardware
specifications that affects the speed of the card and the units in which it is measured:

 GPU clock speed (MHz)

 Size of the memory bus (bits)
 Amount of available memory (MB)
 Memory clock rate (MHz)
 Memory bandwidth (GB/s)
 RAMDAC speed (MHz
Example Technical Specification

Asus GeForce GTX 750 TI 2GB 128-bit GDDR5 performance graphics (GTX750TI-OC-
2GD5)
Graphics Engine
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 750 Ti
Bus Standard
PCI Express 3.0
Video Memory GDDR5 2GB
Engine Clock
GPU Boost Clock : 1150 MHz
GPU Base Clock : 1072 MHz
CUDA Core
640
Memory Clock 1350 MHz ( 5400 MHz GDDR5 )
Memory Interface 128-bit Resolution
DVI Max Resolution : 2560x1600
Interface
D-Sub Output : Yes x 1
DVI Output : Yes x 2 (DVI-D)
HDMI Output : Yes x 1
HDCP Support : Yes
Power Consumption up to 150W1 additional 6 pin PCIe power required
Software ASUS GPU Tweak & Driver
ASUS Features OC Series
Super Alloy Power Dimensions 8.58 " x 4.527 " x 1.53 " Inch
21.8 x 11.5 x3.9 Centimeter

Data storage
Data storage capacity is measured in bits (b) and bytes (B).

Basic Unit of Data Storage

Quantity Information
Bit Smallest unit of data, either a 0 or 1
Byte 8 bits
Kilobyte Consists of 1024 bytes denoted as KB
Megabyte 1024 Kilobytes stated as MB
Gigabyte 1024 Megabytes called as GB
Terabyte 1024 Gigabytes identified as TB
Petabyte 1024 Terabytes denoted as PB
Exabyte 1024 Petabytes identified as EB
Zetabyte 1024 Exabytes identified as EB
Yottabyte 1000 Zettabyte
An example of a small data storage device is a standard 4.7-inch compact disk with a
capacity of 80 minutes of audio or 650 megabytes (MB) to 700 MB of data. While an
example of big data storage device is a hard drive that can hold 1 terabyte (TB) of data. To
easily picture out how much data is stored, consider the illustration below:

Number of Bytes Object

1 bytes (B) A single letter or number
100 kilobytes (KB) A low-resolution picture
1 megabyte (MB) A short paperback (book)
1 gigabyte (GB) A pickup truck full of books
1 terabyte (TB) 50,000 trees worth of printer paper

Example Technical Specification:

Samsung 2TB (HD204UI) Hard Disk Drive

Capacity 2TB
Interface Serial ATA 3.0Gbps
Buffer DRAM Size 32 MB
Activity No. 1

Directions: Given the following specification. Write the name of the components of device.

1. Intel Core i3-4030U Processor (3M Cable, 1.90 GHz) = _______________

2. Intel R HD Graphics 4400 = _______________
3. ITB 2.5-inch 5400 RPM = _______________
4. 4GB of DDR3L = _______________
5. 7th Gen Intel Core i7 = _______________

Activity No. 2

Directions: Analyze the specification of a laptop. Write the correct answer on the space
provided below:

1. Memory-_________________________________________________________________
2. Processor-_______________________________________________________________
 3. Monitor-_________________________________________________________________
4. Video card-______________________________________________________________
5. Hard disk drive-_________________________________________________________

WRAP-UP
In buying a computer, what are the factors that we need to consider? Why?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING
How will your knowledge in selecting computer specifications be beneficial as a future
computer technician?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

POST-TEST
IDENTIFICATION: Identify the following sentence. Write your answer in a one whole sheet of
paper (intermediate pad)

__________ 1. One exabyte (EB) is equivalent to the number of PB.

__________ 2. Also known as graphics card, it is an expansion card that connects to a computer
motherboard
__________ 3. An integrated electronic circuit which carries out the calculations running a
computer.
__________ 4. The requirements of computers for technical details of components and
functionality of the computer.
__________ 5. It is measured in both Megabytes (MB) and Gigabytes (GB).
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“Speed” https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/speed.htm (accessed July 13, 2020)
“Data Storage Capacity” <https://teachcomputerscience.com/data-storage-capacity> (accessed
July 15, 2020)
“Correct Specifications of Requirements the Relevant Sources
https://www.mustangbols.com/animation-2d/perform (accessed July 15, 2020)
Newegg Staff. “How to Choose a CPU” <https://www.newegg.com/insider/how-to-choose-a-cpu/>
(accessed July 16, 2020)
Jeff Tyson & Tracy V. Wilson. “How Graphics Cards Work”
https://computer.howstuffworks.com/graphics-card3.htm (accessed July 17, 2020)
Nikita Federov. “How to Choose the Right Memory for your Computer
<https://www.avadirect.com/blog/how-to-choose-the-right-memory-for-your-computer/>
(accessed July 17, 2020)
Chi-Fen Emily Chen. “Introduction to Computer Hardware and Software”
http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CALL/unit2_1.htm (accessed July 18, 2020)
“Acer Philippines” https://www.google.com/ www.acer.com (accessed July 18, 2020)