10

English
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Formulating Assertion or
Opinion
English – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Formulating Assertion or Opinion
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

Regional Director: Evelyn R. Fetalvero
Assistant Regional Director: Maria Ines C. Asuncion

Development Team of the Module

Writer/s: Marigene B. Antal

Editors: Julius Andrew P. Calicdan, Jenny F. Tanare, Ivare Marie S. Martir
Reviewers: Marian Hista Villacrusis, Christopher U. Gonzales,
Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz
Technical Support: Martha Reylosa T. Reyes
Management Team:
Evelyn R. Fetalvero Dee D. Silva
Mary Jeanne B. Aldeguer Eduard C. Amoguis
Analiza C. Almazan Ernie M. Aguan/Marilyn E. Sumicad
Ma. Cielo D. Estrada Lourdes A. Navarro
Manuel Vallejo Allen T. Guilaran

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Name of SDO Developer

Office Address: DepED Building, Provincial Government Center, Mankilam, Tagum

City, Davao Del Norte, Region XI 8100

Telefax: (084) 2160188

E-mail Address: depeddavnor.lrms@deped.gov.ph

 10

English
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Formulating Assertion or
Opinion
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

ii
 Let Us Learn

Hey there! Welcome to the next step of your journey in this module.

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. identify types of assertion;

2. formulate a statement of assertion; and
3. express the importance of formulating statement of assertion to
express one’s opinion.

MELC: Formulate a statement of opinion or assertion (EN10WC-IIb-

13.2)

Let Us Try
Let us begin this lesson by answering the following questions below.
Ready? All you need to do is encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. A statement used to make a declaration or express a strong belief on a

certain topic is called…
a. opinion
b. assertion
c. fact
d. affirmation

2. When is the time to formulate literary assertion?

a. after reading a story
b. before reading a story
c. while watching a play
d. before writing a poem

3. The following are the types of assertion except:

a. I-Language Assertion
b. Emphatic Assertion
c. Core Assertion
d. Basic Assertion

1
 4. This statement can be proven objectively by direct experience,
testimonies of witnesses, verified observations, or the results of
research.
a. opinion
b. convention
c. fact
d. preference

5. “The popularity of Sampaguita flowers is most evident in places of

worship.” this statement is an example of:
a. fact
b. opinion
c. convention
d. preference

Good job! Thank you for trying your best in answering the activity.
Now, let us see if your answers are correct. Let us go!

1. assertion 2. after Reading a Story 3. Core Assertion

4. opinion 5. convention

Let Us Study

Nice try! This time let us be equipped with the salient information on
formulating an opinion or assertion. Are you set? That’s good! So, let us keep
going!

An assertion is a statement used to make a declaration or express a

strong belief on a particular topic, often without evidence. It can be formulated
after reading a story, a poem, a play, or any work.

Writing an assertion is for the writer to directly convey an idea or feeling

and convince a reader to accept the writer's interpretation of literary work.

2
 Before writing an assertion in literature, the author must
comprehensively read or watch the literary work. He must take down the part
he is for, or he is opposed to, followed by his explanation of it. It is also best
to collect evidence from the same or other literary authors with the same
Assertion as with the writer.

Let us use this reading text below to formulate three types of assertion.

Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the culture and values of Filipinos
are still in tacked. Pre-colonial Philippines has their own form of
government and social structure. Every local community is composed of
small kingdom or tribe headed by a chieftain called the ‘rajah’ or ‘datu’.
Social structures also exist and is composed of three classes namely – the
‘maharlika’ or freeman, ‘timawa’ or the middle class and the ‘alipin’ or the
slaves. Judicial, legislative, and executive systems, also known as the
branches of the government, are also present during the precolonialism.
The ‘datu’ formulates the law, ‘village elders’ help the datu deciding and
promulgating the laws and the ‘omalohokan’ or town crier is the one who
disseminates the new law or ordinances.

Philippines is also known as sea travellers with the use of their

‘balangay’ or Butuan boat. They also have smooth foreign relation because
of the trading of the minerals and goods. Literacy rates are also high
because of the existence of the ‘baybayin’ or the ancient writing method.
All these advances are abolished as the Spaniards fully colonized the
country.

Source:https://www.slideshare.net/VanessaRamones/formulating-
assertions#:~:text=The%20Purpose%20of%20Writing%20an,of%20a%20par
ticular%20literary%20work.

3
Assertion comes in different types:
1. Basic assertion is a statement used to express the writer’s feelings
directly, beliefs, and opinions. This type of assertion is usually used in
writing formal papers like thesis and dissertation.

“The Philippines has an advanced civilization before the colonization

of Spain. Form and branches of government, social structure, and
the existence of ancient writing are some of the evidence that proves
the advancement of the pre-colonial period.”

The first sentence is considered as the basic assertion. The

second sentence contains evidence that supports the assertion.

2. Emphatic assertion is a statement used to express empathy or how a

person understands the literary author's feelings and emotions. This
can be used in writing a formal or informal paper.
It is usually composed of two parts:

1. The first part is the statement that recognizes the situation or

even the characters' feelings on the text being read.

2. The second statement is where the writer states hi stand about

the situation.

“I know that the Philippines, before pre - Spanish colonization, has

their writing system called the ‘baybayin.’ This alone proves that
the Filipinos are literate as opposed to the Spaniards’ claim.

The first part recognizes the situation based on the text being
read. The second part contains the writer’s stand on the
situation presented.

3. I – Language assertion is the statement used to express the feeling

and preference of the writer. It is called I-Language because it focuses
on the writer and is using the pronoun “I”. This type of Assertion is
recommended if the author wants to express negative feelings and
opinions. This is best used in writing a review or a reflection paper.

4
 This type of Assertion contains three parts:
1. The first part contains accurate information from the literary
work, especially the topic the writer disagrees with (When
you…).

2. The second part includes the writer's effect or feeling towards

the topic (It affects/I feel…).

3. The last part includes the writer's preference for a

recommendation (Therefore, I prefer/I want…).

“Upon reading that the ancient Filipino civilization is divided into

three classes: the ‘maharlika’, ‘timawa’, and ‘alipin’, I feel proud
because of the civilization's social advancement and at the same
time, sad because of the promulgation of social differentiation. With
this finding, I want to do further research on the existence of these
social class stigma. “

The example given is divided into three parts that includes

the feelings and preference of the writer.

Let Us Practice

Are you learning so far? That’s great! You are now ready to do some
exercises to test the knowledge that you have acquired in this module.
Select your answers from the box.

Identify the type of assertion used in the following statements. Choose the letter
of the correct answer.
Basic Assertion
Emphatic Assertion
I-Language Assertion

1. I understand you are busy, and me too, but it is difficult for me to

finish this project on my own. So, I want you to help me complete this
project.

2. I wish I could have expressed this idea earlier because now someone
else has taken the credit.

5
 3. I know this is making you angry and frustrated because you have not
gotten a response yet. But I can help you by giving you an estimate of
how long it might take.

4. When you speak harshly, I cannot work with you because I feel
annoyed. Therefore, I want you to speak nicely and then assign me a
task.

5. When I don’t get enough sleep, it affects my nerves, and I feel irritated.
Therefore, I try to go to bed earlier.

Let Us Practice More

Congratulations, you are doing a great job today! This time let us do
more to know more! Thus, you are asked to formulate your own statements
showing assertion. Be able to provide five statements for each type.

Basic Assertion

1. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

6
 4. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Emphatic Assertion

1. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

4. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

5. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

7
I-Language Assertion

1. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________

2. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________

3. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________

4. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________

Let Us Remember

Good job! It’s time for you to remember some important points that
you have learned from this lesson. Fill in the blank spaces below with your
thoughts.

After going through with the different parts of this lesson…

1. I think
that________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

8
2. I have proved
that_________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

3. I know that
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

4. I learn
that______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

5. I need to
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

9
 Let Us Assess

How’s your experience going so far? I hope that you are still up for
more challenging tasks that are specially designed for you! Now, it’s time for
you to showcase what you have learned from this module. It’s your turn now
to formulate three types of assertion based on the given text. Good luck!

The Philippine Health System and the Threat of Public Health Emergencies

The Philippines is a low- and middle-income archipelagic country

(LMIC) located in Southeast Asia with a population of more than 100
million people. The country has a dual and decentralized health system
composed of public and private sectors with local government units being
responsible for finance and operations.

Despite improvements in the past decade, the Philippines continues

to face public health challenges because of its resource and capacity
limitations. First, the Philippines only has 1 hospital bed and 1.3
physicians per 1,000 people, with only about 1,600 critical care beds
nationwide (2). These available resources are concentrated in urban areas,
with rural areas having only one physician for a population as large as
20,000 people.

Second, we have a primary care system of health centers and

community health workers in cities, provinces, and municipalities, but
they are generally ill-equipped and poorly resourced with limited surge
capacity. This is evidenced by a lack of capability for laboratory testing,
limited number of equipment and medical supplies, and lack of personal
protective equipment for health workers in both primary care units and
hospitals. Third, we have disease surveillance capacity, but this is also
uneven across regions and provinces in the country. Fourth, we have
disaster preparedness plans at the level of local government that can be
mobilized. However, disaster response is better geared for typhoons and
floods, rather than fighting epidemics. Hence, our limited resources and
capacity make it difficult to adequately respond to public health
emergencies, such as COVID-19. As a result, triage systems and
algorithms are being implemented in hospitals to prioritize patients who
need testing and treatment the most. This system further propagates
health inequities with higher chances of treatment and survival for urban
patients who are able to access quality healthcare.

Source:https://ojs.wpro.who.int/ojs/public/journals/1/covid19/wpsar.2020.
11.5.005Amit.pdf

10
Basic Assertion

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________

Emphatic Assertion

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________

I-Language Assertion

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________

11
 Let Us Enhance

Finally, you are now on the last task of this lesson. Thank you for your
determination! To conclude your learning in this lesson, you are asked to write
an essay. The given questions below will serve as your guide in crafting your
essay. Good luck!

1. What is it important to learn how to formulate assertions?

2. What are the things to be considered in formulating an assertion?

3. How does your knowledge in formulating assertion help you improve

your skill in writing?

12
 Let Us Reflect

May this lesson bring you to a different perspective in expressing your

ideas and opinion. Yes, we do have freedom of expression. We are free to
express ourselves on things we believe are right; however, we may not forget
the proper way of saying our thoughts and ideas to other people. Let us remain
humble and bias-free by respecting others’ points of view and opinion. Let us
always bear in mind that nobody is perfect, but somebody could also become
better; and the key to helping someone become better is to give nothing but
constructive criticisms.

13
 References

Amit, A.M. et al., (2019). The Philippines in the time of COVID-19:

Early
experiences and challenges of a resource-limited country.
Retrieved:
https://ojs.wpro.who.int/ojs/public/journals/1/covid19/wpsa
r.2020.11.5.005Amit.pdf

Ramona, V. (2018). Formulating Assertion. Retrieved:

https://www.slideshare.net/VanessaRamones/formulating-
assertions

Literary Devices: Definition and Examples of Literary Terms.

Retrieved:
https://literarydevices.net/assertion/

https://www.slideshare.net/VanessaRamones/formulating-
assertions#:~:text=The%20Purpose%20of%20Writing%20an,of%20
a%20particular%20literary%20work.

14
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region XI

F. Torres St., Davao City

Telefax: (082) 291-1665; (082) 221-6147

Email Address: lrms.regionxi@deped.gov.ph

15