CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter deals with the research design used, the population and sample,

the Research instrument, the validation of the instrument, the data gathering procedures

and the statistical treatment used by the researchers.

Research Design

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the problems of the Senior High

School students, how can help and teach the effective Learning strategies To achieve

the learning strategies, the researchers used descriptive-correlational research design

to collect and gather data as well as to form adequate interpretation.

According to Katzukov (2017), descriptive correlational study is a study in which

the researcher is primarily interested in describing relationships among variables,

without seeking to establish a causal connection.

Population and Sampling

The respondents that have been studied in the research are the students who

encountered problems in different learning strategies. The respondents are not

restricted by gender, thus it includes all the respondents from TVL Strand that are

encounters problem. Each respondent is given individually by the form of a

questionnaire for them to answer.

 To come up with answers to the existing problems, the researchers look for the

students of Universty of Batangas Since there are those who are involved in the

research study. The researchers selected fifty (50) Science, Technology, Engineering,

and Mathematics (STEM) students, fifty (50) Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS)

students, fifty (50) Accounting, Business and Management (ABM) students, twenty (20)

Arts and Design (AAD) students, fifty (50) Technical-Vocational-Livelihood students.

Research Instrument

The researchers used survey questionnaires which were conceptualized through

reading and analyzing different studies and articles related to different learning

strategies. The questions that were included in the questionnaire were constructed

based on the statement of the problem.

Analysis of the problem was done by the researchers to come up with the questions to

be included in the questionnaire.

Construction of Questionnaire. It is composed of questions that pertain to the

problems that encountered in different learning strategies. The researchers based their

questionnaire in statement of the problem to construct a questionnaire. With this, the

respondents' answer helped the researchers to get more information regarding their

study.
 Validation of Questionnaire. Before the distribution of questionnaires, the

researchers presented it first to their research adviser and statistician for their approval.

Some items are asked to be removed because those were not covered by the study;

while other items were added to fully address the purpose of the study. The approval of

the adviser and the statistician is necessary for the validation of the questionnaire.

Scoring of Responses. Likert Scale will be used to measure how the shifters

can have a solution in their problem.

The following verbal interpretation will be utilized:

Scale Range Verbal Interpretation

3.50 – 4.00 Strongly Agree

2.50 – 3.49 Agree

1.50 – 2.49 Disagree

1.00 – 1.49 Strongly Disagree

Data Gathering Procedures

In gathering data, the researchers use all the available sources and references

that can be found in articles, books, journals, PDF files and all other different website

from the internet which sum of the main sources of information are regard to the

problems and different learning strategies.

 The researchers prepared a self structured questionnaire with 25 items. A letter

of approval was signed by researchers and noted by the research adviser will be

presented. The survey questionnaire will be given to the respondents at specific times

and collected to a limited time.

The researchers administered the questionnaires to the respondents that will be

available at the time of distributing the questionnaire. The given questionnaires will also

be collected on the same day of distribution.

The data collection was undertaken as a series of activities. The questionnaires were

distributed to the respondents for gathering data. Questionnaires will be collected,

tallied, and evaluated to have the final result. After gathering the complete number of

interview guides.

The researchers conducted the survey is a span of two weeks. They approached

Grade 12 General Academic Students to answer the questionnaires. They distributed

questionnaires were retrieved within two weeks also.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data gathered were tallied, analyzed, and statistically treated in order to

come up with the finding. The researchers used the following statistical measures to

analyze the gathered data.

 Percentage. This method determines proportion of the responses of the

participants to its total number of participants. In this study, it will be used to describe

the profile of the respondents. To acquire this, the formula is:

x
P=
n

Where: P =percentage
X =responses of the respondents
N =total number of participants

Weighted Mean. According to statisticshowto.com, weighted mean is a kind of

average but instead of each data point contributing equally to the final mean, some data
points contribute more weights than others. In this study, it will be used to identify the
perceptions of the respondents on the problems encountered by GAS shifters in
University of Batangas. To get the weighted mean, the formula is:

∑ fx
x̄ =
n

Where:

F = Frequency

X = Mean

N = Total number of participants

Composite Mean. It is the total average of the computed weighted mean. In this
study, it was used to determine the problems encountered by GAS shifters in University
of Batangas. The formula for composite means is:

∑ x̄
Composite mean ¿
n

Where:

F = Frequency
 x̄ = Mean

N = total number of participants

The One – way ANOVA. This test differences among groups concerning one
variable. The value for one – way ANOVA is obtained using the following formula:

MSSb
F=
MSSn

SSb
MSSb ¿
K −1

SS w
MSSw ¿
n−k