LOGIC REPORTING 

                                     ELEMENTS OF IDEAS

There are two elements of ideas and these are:

1.Comprehension (General Idea)- refer to the totality of the essential notes, qualities,
characteristics, or attributes which the ideas imply. For example, the comprehension of the idea
"chalk" is that it is a school supply, writing instrument
2. Extension (Specific Idea)- refers to the totality of all the objects which the idea represents or
to which the idea extends its application. The idea "school supply" is applied to all kinds of
school supplies, not just the chalk that was used in the comprehension.

Rules Governing Comprehension and Extension

1. As comprehension increases, extension decreases, and vice-versa 
2. The extension of an idea can be increased or diminished by retaining, or without
destroying, the idea. 
3. The comprehension of an idea is always constant, whereas the extension of the idea
may change continually. 
MAO NI ANG IPAKITA BABE WHILE NAG ISTORYA KOS NUMBER 1 TO NUMBER 3
NGA RULES GOVERNING COMPREHENSION AND EXTENSION MWUAH!
(Example) Illustration between the relationship of Comprehension and  Extension:
Term  Comprehension  Extension

Man  Corporeal, living, sentient (sense refers to any of  the senses), Man
rational, substance

Animal  Corporeal, living, sentient (refers to any of the  senses), Brute,

substance Man

CLASSIFICATION OF IDEAS 
1. Origin- ideas are classified as either intuitive or derivative. Intuitive ideas are
those which are directly conceived from what they represent. They refer to ideas of which
the mind has immediate consciousness drawn from a  given reality or object E.g. Sun,
stars, cold, hot. 
Derivative ideas are those which stem from intuition (or intuitive ideas).  It pertains
to the suprasensible realities such as love, justice, hope. 
2. Relation 

Identical ideas are those which have the same comprehension  (formally
identical) or extension (materially identical). 

E.g. rational animal and man refers to all formally identical while Stevie  is
materially identical  
 Different Ideas are those which are non-identical.  
Ex. Rolex and Nike are both ideas but not identical  

Associable Ideas are different ideas that are not mutually exclusive but can be
joined or compounded in the same idea. 

E.g. Sentient and living 

Opposed ideas are those which are not associable.  

- Two kinds: contrary and contradictory 

- Contrary, ideas are opposing or exclude to each other, yet leave a  middle ground
(meaning, their exclusion of each other is not absolute or  categorical) 
Ex. Black and white; pen and pencil  

- Contradictory, ideas exclude each other and leave no common ground between
them. Ideas are those which cannot be reconciled with each other.  
Ex. Living and non – living; black and non-black 
3. Comprehension 

Simple Ideas are those which have only one note in the comprehension e.g.
entity, being a reality.

Compound ideas are those which more than one note in their  comprehension
e.g. the idea of man= their attributes like sentient, living, and  rational 

Concrete are those which represent something as a subject  together with its
determinant e.g. man= represents something with the  determinant humanity 

Abstract ideas, are those which represent a determinant separated  from a

subject 

e.g. piety, objectivity, whiteness, and bodylines. 

4. Extension 

Singular ideas, have only one object, or one note, in their extension. e.g.
Talisay city, CTU, STC 

Universal ideas are those which have many objects in their extension. e.g. city,
country, president, mayor 

Particular ideas, are actually universal ideas that are taken indeterminately and
partially. This means that particular ideas are part of the  extension of the universal idea
e.g. some cities, some presidents, certain  governors, a few provinces 
Collective ideas are those which signify a number of individuals taken as a unit. e.g.
family, committees, jury, army