A Literature-Based Approach Learning Plan

A Detailed Learning Plan for English

Grade 8 ( First Quarter )

I.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

II.

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

I.

SUBJECT MATTER

II.

Topic:
Literature: Title of the story/poem Language:  Grammar Lesson
Literature Code: Code from the K to 12 curriculum guide
Grammar Code: Code from the K to 12 curriculum guide
References:
Materials Needed:

I.

PROCEDURE 

II.

NOTE: These is where you put your daily procedure

Preliminary Activities

1.
 Prayer

2.
3.

A) Pre-reading Activities

Unlocking of Difficulties




Giving of Motivational Questions

 (Be sure that the motivator is logically and strongly related to the lesson!)

B) During Reading Activities

 1.  Describe in sequence the experiences used to develop the lesson. Each experience should
relate to the lesson’s objectives.
2. The lesson should be sufficiently detailed so that a peer could teach the lesson without
further instructions.
C) Post-reading Activities

Giving of activities or comprehension questions




Language focus (integrate grammar lesson)




Generalization

NOTE: The Lesson Closure is not a homework assignment. If homework is assigned,

note it in a separate section following the closure.

IV. EVALUATION: 
     
 A Literature-Based Approach Learning Plan
A Detailed Learning Plan for English
Grade 8 ( First Quarter )

I.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

II.

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

a.

define the  parallel structure and other key terms

b.
c.

       recognize the different types of parallel structure

d.
e.

       re-write the incorrect sentence to have a parallel structure

f.
g.

       evaluate literary piece from Asian author that are using parallelism in their
works and,

h.
i.

       construct a poem using parallel structure.

j.

I.

SUBJECT MATTER

II.

Topic: Parallel Structure

Literature: Money For Your English ( by :  Khairani Barokka ) 
Language:  Parallel Structure
Literature Code: EN8LT-Ic-2.2.2
Grammar Code: EN8G-Ia-7
References: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-parallelism.html
                     https://examples.yourdictionary.com/parallel-structure-
examples.html
                     https://aaww.org/asean-at-50-poems-from-across-southeast-asia/
                     https://idwriters.com/writers/khairani-barokka/

Materials Needed: 

Power Point




Laptop




Worksheet




Projector




Literary Piece Text ( Money For Your English )

I.

PROCEDURE 

II.
 Preliminary Activities

1.

Greetings

2.

Good morning class .“So how’s your day? Is it good so far?”

1.

Prayer

2.

Choose one student to lead the prayer.

1.

Classroom management 

2.

Before you sit down , please pick up all the trash under your chair . Girls kindly
tie your hair and boys please button your polo properly and also arrange your
chair . After you me take your seat now.

1.

Checking of attendance

2.


 Say present if your name is called.

1.

Review from the last topic

2.

Call some students to recap the last topic




Since we are done with our last topic 

1.

Introducing the new topic

2.

Who among you here have an idea of what is Parallel Structure




Get the data of their answers regarding Parallel Structure

A) Pre-reading Activities

Unlocking of Difficulties

Direction : Before we proceed with the discussion, let us unlock first some of
the
 unfamiliar words that we may encounter in the discussion.

A.

Parallelism

B.
C.

Phrases

D.
E.

Clauses

F.
G.

Conjunctions

H.
I.

Coordinating conjunctions

J.
K.

Correlative conjunctions

L.
M.

Infinitives

N.
O.

Colons

P.

Giving of Motivational Questions


 

Present a video clip of Parallel structure




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fojkyh3qfHI

 Questions 

Anyone in the class who can tell us what Parallel Structure in the video ?




What is the importance of Parallel Structure in a sentence ?

B) During Reading Activities

1.

   Give the copies of the literary piece entitled Money For Your English by Khairani
Barokka.

2.
3.

   Instruct the students to read and analyze the literary text , and take notes all the
important details of the literary piece.

4.

Students will read the literary piece silently and analyze each sentence that is using
Parallel Structure , then take notes of the important details .
 
C) Post-reading Activities

Giving of activities or comprehension questions


 Ask the students regarding of the literary piece that they've read;

Did you understand the literary piece ?




Are there Parallel Structures being used in the sentence ?




If there is , who can give a sentence in the literary piece that Parallel Structure is
being present ?

Language focus (integrate grammar lesson)

Discuss what is Parallel Structure and its type.

Lately I asked you class regarding Parallel Structure , those who shared their
ideas about Parallel Structure will find it now if your ideas are correct.

Parallel Structure
Parallel structure, or parallelism, means using the same pattern of
words to show that two or more words or ideas are of equal importance.
Words and phrases within a sentence should not only match in
structure, but also in tense. Writers use parallel structure to add clarity
to their writing, make it easier to understand and show that their writing
is structurally and grammatically correct. Explore parallel structure
examples to better understand the concept.

Parallel Structure With Coordinating

Conjunctions

Parallel structure should be used when you connect clauses with a

coordinating conjunction such as: for, and, nor, or, but, so, or yet in a
sentence.

Correct Examples

The words that indicate parallel construction are marked in bold.

Every morning, we make our bed, eat breakfast and feed the dog.




I will not sing a song, nor will I dance.

Incorrect Examples

The terms that should be parallel, but are not, are italicized.

Every morning, we make our bed, eating breakfast and feed the
dog. ("Eating" does not match "make" or "feed" in structure.)




I will not sing a song, nor dance. (The writer used "will" with
"not," so also needs to use "will" with nor.)
 

Parallel Structure With Correlative Conjunctions

Parallel structure is also used with correlative conjunctions, such as

either ... or, neither ... nor, not only ... but also.

Correct Examples

The words that indicate parallel construction are marked in bold.

They argued not only about the article but also about the review.




Either she likes to see him or she doesn't like to see him.

Incorrect Examples

The errors in the following examples are italicized.

They argued not only about the article, but they argued also about
the review. (The phrase "they argued" should not be here; it keeps
the second part of the sentence from being parallel with the first.)




Either she likes to see him or doesn't like seeing him. ("Likes to
see" should be used with "doesn't like to see" or "doesn't like to
see" should be used with "likes to see", but the two structures
shouldn't be mixed. )
 

Parallel Structure With Infinitives

Parallel structure should be used with infinitives.

Correct Examples

The terms that indicate parallel structure are marked in bold.

Ashley likes to ski, to swim and to jump.




She likes to dance and to sing songs.

Incorrect Examples

The problematic areas are italicized below.

Ashley likes to ski, to swim and jump. (There needs to be a "to"

between "and" and "jump," to be parallel with the other items. )




She likes dancing and to sing songs. (This should pair "to dance"
with "to sing" so the infinitive form is used throughout the
sentence.)


Parallel Structure With -ing Endings

Be consistent and use parallel structure with words that end in -ing.

Correct Examples

The bold words indicate that parallel construction is used correctly.

Joe likes running, walking and being active.




We enjoy relaxing and sitting out in the sun.

Incorrect Examples

The words that should be parallel but aren't are shown in italics here.

Joe likes running, walking and outdoor activities. ("Running" and

"walking" are parallel with each other, but "outdoor activities" is
not parallel. Use "participating in outdoor activities" or similar.)




We enjoy relaxing and like to sit out in the sun. (The italicized
phrases are not parallel; they should both include verbs that end
in -ing.)


Parallel Structure With Clauses

Parallel structure should be used when writing clauses.

Correct Examples

The bold terms illustrate parallel construction between the clauses.

The teacher told them that they need to study and that they
should practice their words every night.




 My parents said get a good education and do not settle for less.

Incorrect Examples

In these examples, the clauses do not illustrate parallel construction.

The problem wording is highlighted.

The teacher told them to study and that they should practice their
words every night. (This sentence should either include "that
they" in both clauses, like the correct example above, or it should
include the word "said" between "that" and "they.")




My parents said to get a good education and not settle for less.
(Here, the word "to" should be included before "not" in the
italicized text.)


Parallel Structure in Lists With Colons

When you have items on a list following a colon, the items should all be
in the same form in order to avoid a parallel structure error.

Correct Examples

Wording that indicates parallel construction in these examples is bold.

The following activities can be done at the mall: buying groceries,

eating lunch and paying bills.




In your bedroom, you will find the following: a bed, a closet and a
desk.

Incorrect Examples

The problematic wording in these examples is highlighted in italics.

The following activities can be done at the mall: buying groceries,

eating lunch and bill payment. ("Bill payment" should be written
as "paying bills" in order to show parallel construction.)




In your bedroom, you will find the following: a bed, a closet and,
sitting at a desk. (You shouldn't list two nouns with an activity in
this type of list. It could read, "a bed, a closet, and a desk if that is
what the writer means. If the writer wants to describe someone
sitting at a desk, that should be part of a new sentence. )
 

Parallel Structure in Other Lists

Even when a colon isn't used to introduce a list, parallel construction is

important.

Correct Examples

The terms that form parallel structure in these sentences are bold.

Mary wanted to make sure that she made her presentation

creatively, effectively and persuasively.




Tim was considered to be a good employee because he was

always on time, he was very motivated and he was a good leader.

Incorrect Examples

Parallel constructor errors are italicized.

Mary wanted to make sure she made her presentation creatively,

effectively and persuaded others. ("Persuaded others" is not
parallel with the other list items.)




Tim was considered to be a good employee because he was

always on time, he was very motivated and led the team well.
("Led the team well" is not parallel with the other list items.)
 

Parallel Structure in Verb Tense

Keep in mind that parallel structure should be used when it comes to

verb tense. Your verb tenses should always match.

Correct Examples

The bold words in these examples are all past tense, which means they
are examples of parallel construction.

She wrote a letter and mailed it to the school.




Yesterday we watched a movie, played video games and made

pizza.

Incorrect Examples

The examples below mix tenses. The problematic wording is italicized.

She writes a letter and mailed it to the school. (This mixes present
and past tense; both words should be the same tense.)




Yesterday we watched a movie, play video games and made pizza.

("Watched" and "made" are past tense, but "play" is present
tense. It should be "played" since the sentence specifies this took
place in the past.)
 

Students can define what is Parallel Structure and recognize its

types and can evaluate the literary text that is being used in the
sentence.

For those who shared their ideas regarding what is Parallel

Structure,  is not quite far from the description that we've tackled
lately. 




Now class , who can share your understanding regarding Parallel

Structure based on our discussion.

Discuss the importance of Parallel Structure in a sentence.

Parallel structure provides flow in a sentence. It keeps your

writing balanced and makes it easier to read. It also shows that
 ideas are of equal importance. Errors in parallel structure can
make your writing sound strange to listeners. Many tests,
including the SAT, will require you to identify parallel structure
errors as a means of testing your writing abilities.

Generalization

 Ask the students regarding of what his/her understanding from the

Discussion.

a. What have you learned from the discussion?

b. What lesson do you acquire from the literary text by Khairani Barokka ?
c. How will you relate the values you get from the text to our present situation?
d. In what way Parallel Structure and its types give importance in constructing a
Sentence or paragraph?

NOTE: The Lesson Closure is not a homework assignment. If homework is assigned,

note it in a separate section following the closure.

IV. EVALUATION: 
 
Test I.    
Direction : Re-write the INCORRECT sentence to have a PARALLEL STRUCTURE .
    

1.

Marisa stopped at the grocery store, the bank and ran to the library.

2.
3.

Attaining a college degree is neither cheap nor will it be easy.

 4.
5.

 Every night before bedtime, Ivy reads a book, singing a song and says a prayer. 

6.

Test II.
Direction : Review the following sentences for ERRORS in parallel structure. Correct
the sentence by REWRITING it. Not all sentences are incorrect. Answers may vary.

1. My dog is not only friendly but he is also playful. 

2. We can go to the park or out dancing. 
3. Jeremy likes to read historical, realistic and speculative fiction.
 4. Tell Michael I said he can either do homework now or later. 
5. Buying a car is not a decision to take lightly nor be careless about.
 6. Tyler is for the legalization not criminalization of marijuana. 
7. Sally needs a new stove, dishwasher and knives for her kitchen. 
8. My first grade teacher taught me how to write, how to read and play tic-tac-toe. 
9. She will not admit it nor will she be apologizing. 
10. The whole wheat pasta is better than enriched wheat pasta. 

V. ASSIGNMENT: 

Direction : Construct a short story  , then underline each Parallel Structure being used .

ANSWER KEY :

Test I.

1.

This weekend I have to write an essay, do a book report and complete a lab. 

2.
3.

Attaining a college degree is neither cheap nor easy.

 4.
5.

Every night before bedtime, Ivy reads a book, sings a song and says a prayer. 

6.

Test II.
1. Correct. Friendly and playful are both adjectives 
2. Incorrect. We can go to the park or to a dance. 
3. Correct. Historical, speculative and realistic are all adjectives.
 4. Correct. Now and later are both adjectives.
 5. Incorrect. Buying a car is not a decision to take lightly or carelessly.
 6. Correct.
 7. Incorrect. Sally needs a new stove, dishwasher and set of knives for her
kitchen. 
8. Incorrect. My first grade teacher taught me how to read, how to write and
how to play tic tac-toe. 
9. Incorrect. She will not admit it nor will she apologize. 
10. Correct.