THIS IS GOOD TO KNOW #1 BASE FORM OF VERB SIMPLE PAST TENSE PAST PARTICIPLE

SUBJECT – Part of the sentence that tells what/whom the sentence is about or the doer of the action. break broke broken
Ex. (underlined words are the subjects) bring brought brought
SIMPLE SUBJECT build built built
- The doctor visited her patients in the hospital. burn burned/burnt burned/burnt
- Xaviery’s car was bought from a car shop last month. buy bought bought
COMPLETE SUBJECT catch caught caught
- The doctor visited her patients in the hospital. choose chose chosen
- Xaviery’s car was bought from a car shop last month. come came come
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
cut cut cut
THIS IS GOOD TO KNOW #2
dig dug dug
Subject-Verb Agreement Basic Rule - A singular subject takes a singular verb, whereas a plural subject
dive dived or dove dived
takes a plural verb.
Ex. do did done
- The teacher gives the activity sheets for this week. draw drew drawn
- The industrious students answer their modules on time. dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt
Singular Subject Singular Verb Plural Subject Plural Verb drink drank drunk
teacher gives students answer drive drove driven
- The subject teacher is in singular form that is why it takes a singular verb which is gives. eat ate eaten
- The subject students is in plural so it takes a plural verb which is answer. fall fell fallen
______________________________________________________________________________________ feed fed fed
_ feel felt felt
THIS IS GOOD TO KNOW #3 fight fought fought
- In transforming sentence from ACTIVE to PASSIVE, the subject in active becomes the object of the find found found
preposition BY and the tense of the verb changes on PASSIVE. fit fit, fitted fit, fitted
fly flew flown,
Regular verbs form their past and past participle form by adding –ed. forget forgot forgotten
Examples: forgive forgave forgiven
walk- walked dance – danced paint – painted get got gotten/got
Irregular verbs form their past and past participle form in different ways. give gave given
Examples: go went gone
say – said give – gave bring – brought show showed shown/showed
BASE FORM OF VERB SIMPLE PAST TENSE PAST PARTICIPLE shut shut shut
awake awoke awoken sing sang sung
be was, were been sink sank sunk
beat beat beaten or beat sit sat sat
become became become sleep slept slept
begin began begun slide slid slid
bend bent bent speak spoke spoken
bet bet bet
bite bit bitten
blow blew blown
BASE FORM OF VERB SIMPLE PAST TENSE PAST PARTICIPLE BASE FORM OF VERB SIMPLE PAST TENSE PAST PARTICIPLE
spend spent spent run ran run
spill spilled/spilt spilled/spilt saw sawed sawed/sawn
spin spun spun say said said
spit spat/spit spat/spit see saw seen
split split split sell sold sold
spread spread spread send sent sent
spring sprang sprung set set set
stand stood stood sew sewed sewn/sewed
steal stole stolen shake shook shaken
stick stuck stuck shave shaved shaved/shaven
strike struck struck/stricken shine shone/shined shone/shined
grow grew grown shoot shot shot
have had had swear swore sworn
hear heard heard sweep swept swept
hide hid hidden swim swam swum
hit hit hit swing swung swung
hold held held take took taken
hurt hurt hurt teach taught taught
keep kept kept tear tore torn
know knew known tell told told
lay laid laid think thought thought
lead led led throw threw thrown
leave left left undergo underwent undergone
let let let understand understood understood
lie (down) lay lain wake woke/waked woken/waked
light lit/lighted lit/lighted wear wore worn
lose lost lost weave wove woven
make made made weep wept wept
meet met met win won won
pay paid paid withdraw withdrew withdrawn
prove proved proved/proven write wrote written
put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
Fact Sheet
PHRASE – group of words within a sentence and does not have a subject and a predicate.
KINDS OF PHRASES
1. NOUN PHRASE – contains a noun and any associated modifiers. It acts like a noun in the sentence.
EXAMPLE:
 She bought a decent black shirt.
2. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE – Consists of preposition, its object (noun or pronoun) and may contain modifiers.
EXAMPLE:
 Seminar was conducted inside the hall.
 The Manila Tribune was established in the same year.
3. VERB PHRASE – made up of main verb and its helping verbs.
EXAMPLE:
 He has never taken a train all his life.
 Sam is waiting for someone.
4. ADJECTIVE PHRASE OR ADJECTIVAL PHRASE – It contains adjective, modifiers and other words modifying noun or pronoun. It acts
like an adjective in a sentence.
EXAMPLE:
 A kid on the roof is looking at the sky.
 She bought a beautiful brown chair.
5. ADVERBIAL PHRASE OR ADVERB PHRASE – It acts like an adverb that modifies verb or another adverb. It contains an adverb and
other words.
EXAMPLE:
 The runner was running very fast.
 They walk along the wall.

KINDS OF SENTENCE ACCORDING TO PURPOSE

1. DECLARATIVE SENTENCE – (telling sentence) used to make statement. The statement maybe one of fact, wish, intent or feeling. It ends with a
period.
Example: This is a book you would enjoy.
2. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE – is used to state a command, request or direction. The subject is not expressed, as is usually, it is “understood” to be
YOU.
Example: Kindly turn on the lights.
3. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE – (asking sentence) used to ask question. It ends with a question mark.
Example: Are you done with your homework?
4. EXCALAMATORY SENTENCE – used to express strong feeling. It is followed by an exclamation point.
Example: Oh my! The cat was hit by a car!

Fact Sheet
PHRASE – group of words within a sentence and does not have a subject and a predicate.
KINDS OF PHRASES
6. NOUN PHRASE – contains a noun and any associated modifiers. It acts like a noun in the sentence.
EXAMPLE:
 She bought a decent black shirt.
7. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE – Consists of preposition, its object (noun or pronoun) and may contain modifiers.
EXAMPLE:
 Seminar was conducted inside the hall.
 The Manila Tribune was established in the same year.
8. VERB PHRASE – made up of main verb and its helping verbs.
EXAMPLE:
 He has never taken a train all his life.
  Sam is waiting for someone.
9. ADJECTIVE PHRASE OR ADJECTIVAL PHRASE – It contains adjective, modifiers and other words modifying noun or pronoun. It acts
like an adjective in a sentence.
EXAMPLE:
 A kid on the roof is looking at the sky.
 She bought a beautiful brown chair.
10. ADVERBIAL PHRASE OR ADVERB PHRASE – It acts like an adverb that modifies verb or another adverb. It contains an adverb and
other words.
EXAMPLE:
 The runner was running very fast.
 They walk along the wall.

KINDS OF SENTENCE ACCORDING TO PURPOSE

1. DECLARATIVE SENTENCE – (telling sentence) used to make statement. The statement maybe one of fact, wish, intent or feeling. It ends with a
period.
Example: This is a book you would enjoy.
2. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE – is used to state a command, request or direction. The subject is not expressed, as is usually, it is “understood” to be
YOU.
Example: Kindly turn on the lights.
3. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE – (asking sentence) used to ask question. It ends with a question mark.
Example: Are you done with your homework?
4. EXCALAMATORY SENTENCE – used to express strong feeling. It is followed by an exclamation point.
Example: Oh my! The cat was hit by a car!