20BEC0461 YASH GARG

DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT-1

SUBJECT NAME: PROJECT MANAGEMENT

FALL SEMESTER: 2021 SUB CODE: MGT1034

FACULTY NAME: Dr. B. MURALI MANOHAR

Give a specimen project evaluation form for a medium-sized project.

Project for a Small-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

INTRODUCTION

In general, the sanitation sector in many regions of India appears to be orphaned. When
significant upgrading projects enhanced the water supply networks in many countries and
regions, this vital aspect of public health was sometimes overlooked. The downstream
consequence of increasing water supply, namely increased flows into rivers or aquifers, was
largely overlooked. The main reason for this appears to be twofold: first, wastewater
collection and treatment is expensive, and the benefits are often difficult to demonstrate; and
second, even when low-cost technologies are used, many projects fail to produce the desired
results.
Without pretending to reflect the complexities of sanitation projects, three main reasons for
non-delivery may be attributed to the following: the technology was insufficient, the
beneficiary was not sufficiently involved and consulted, and the responsibilities within
government were not resolved to ensure the necessary support.
Many rural regions have received some type of water supply infrastructure in recent years.
The availability of water encourages people to use flush toilets more frequently. Simple
toilets are used to dispose of waste water, which is either immediately injected into the
porous subterranean or dumped into simple holes in these systems. At the same time, many
villages continue to replenish their water supply with shallow wells, which are frequently
positioned near the toilets. Even if landowners consider the possibility of their well being
contaminated by their own toilet and place them far apart, they cannot stop their neighbor's
toilet being next to their well.
Villages on the banks of a small estuary/lagoon face a similar risk of water body
contamination when their wastewater is discharged without treatment. Under certain
conditions, Small Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants (SSWTP) are expected to be the
solution to these issues. More specifically, the SSWTP technology could be used in situations
where conventional sewage is simply too expensive, environmental conditions demand high
effluent quality, conventional on-site treatment has proven to be unpopular with the
community, and low-tech solutions, such as composting toilets, appear to be ineffective.

PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The project's major goal is to figure out:
• Current wastewater treatment and disposal methods.
• Sanitation activities and projects are still ongoing.
• Involved parties in the sanitation industry.
• Relating to sanitation project administration structures.
• A potential project implementation firm.
• Future pilot project locations.

Why is it necessary to treat human waste or excreta?

Treatment of human waste or excreta is required for a variety of reasons, the most essential of
which is to protect human health. Untreated human faeces contains a wide range of
dangerous organisms, including disease-causing protozoa, bacteria, viruses, and helminthes
eggs. The presence of chemicals in the environment can cause a variety of diseases to spread.
They might be:
• When pathogens are present in water supplies, it is called waterborne.
• The expelled organism is dispersed through the soil in a soil–based system.
• Insect-vector carried pathogens, such as flies and mosquitoes, disseminate the
infection by feeding or breeding in water.
• Faecal-oral transmission routes by which pathogens from faeces reach the mouth by
either hand, clothes food etc.

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Traditionally, sanitation research in underdeveloped nations has focused on relatively basic
sanitation facilities including stand-alone septic tanks, composting toilets, and pit toilets. The
long-term viability of SSWTP is unknown. As a result, this project was created to give a full
analysis in order to develop recommendations for their use. Money is expected to be
available to execute pilot initiatives in the participating nations after this project is completed.
As a result, the project's goals can be summarised as follows:
• To find viable waste water treatment methods for a number of Indian villages (e.g.,
plant-based treatment, high-load treatment lagoons, and community septic tanks).
• To determine whether a certain number of toilets can be linked to a single small-scale
waste water treatment plant under certain conditions (economic, technical and social
viability).
• The preparation of particular project proposals for future implementation by
collaborating countries.
These goals indicate that the project's goal is not to locate the best sanitation technique for a
specific problem, but to identify the situations in which SSWTP is a viable option to either
traditional sewage or on-site wastewater treatment/disposal systems. The SSWTP project is
tasked with elaborating on these points.
Because the first point primarily concerns technical issues, the initiative also addresses
nontechnical issues. The planning and implementation framework for sanitation projects is
expected to be detailed in such a way that future implementation of similar projects will be
possible.