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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Addition and Subtraction of
Fractions
Mathematics – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Nena C. Eugenio


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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Addition and Subtraction of
Fractions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics – Grade 6 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)


Module on Addition and Subtraction of Fractions!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by


educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher


This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics – Grade 6 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)


Module on Addition and Subtraction of Fractions!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or


What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to
What I Know check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In
the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be


introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

iii
In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing


this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
What I Need to Know

Fractions are essential part of Math. This module is designed for you to learn and
understand that addition and subtraction of fractions are very useful and are
important skills for many activities you encounter on a daily basis.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. add and subtract simple fractions and mixed numbers without and with
regrouping (M6NS-Ia-86)
a. add and subtract similar fractions;
b. add and subtract dissimilar fractions and
c. add and subtract mixed numbers.

1
What I Know

Perform the indicated operations. Reduce the answers to lowest term. Write the
answer on your paper.

2 4 1
1. + + =
9 9 9

1 2
2. 2 + =
3 3

1 3
3. 1 +2 =
5 5

5 2 1
4. + + =
6 10 5

1 2
5. 3 +4 =
2 3

9 5
6. - =
13 13

6 2
7. 7 -5 =
8 8

2 3
8. - =
3 7

1 4
9. 11 - 5 =
5 5

4 7
10. 15 – 7 =
5 10

2
Lesson
Addition and Subtraction of
1 Similar Fractions
You have learned the basic arithmetic skills in your previous years. The study of
arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) begins with whole
numbers and later on with fractions.

Fractions? They are just numbers that can be used in arithmetic. Addition and
subtraction of fractions with like denominators are nothing but usual arithmetic
operations.

Let’s begin!

What’s In

A. Put a check (✓)on the box if the fraction is in its lowest term. If not, write an
equivalent fraction in lowest term. Write the answer on your paper.

4 9
1. 4.
5 21

8 14
2. 5.
10 28

13
3.
17

B. Change each improper fraction to a mixed number (in lowest term) and vice
versa. Write the answer on your paper.

1 3
1. 8 _______________ 4. 11 _______________
3 4

33 5
2. _______________ 5. 10 _______________
12 7

90
3. _______________
60

3
What’s New

Mother brought home a buko pie as pasalubong for Tonyo and Maria. She cut it into
8. Tonyo ate 3 slices of buko pie while Maria ate 2 slices. What is the total fractional
part of the buko pie Tonyo and Maria ate?

1. What fractional part did Tonyo eat?

2. What fractional part did Maria eat?

3. What is asked in the problem?

What is It

3 2
In the problem, Tonyo ate of the buko pie, while Maria ate of the pie. To know the
8 8
3
total fractional part of the buko pie that Tonyo and Maria ate, we need to add and
8
2 3 2
. To find the sum of and , consider the following models below.
8 8 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1
8 8 8 8 8 8 8

𝟓
As shown in the number line the sum is .
𝟖

4
3 2
Another way of adding and is by constructing figures that represent the fractions.
8 8

3 2
8 8

Transfer the shaded portion of the second figure to the first.

+ =

3 2 5
8 8 8

𝟑 𝟐 𝟓
Therefore, the sum of and is .
𝟖 𝟖 𝟖

Here’s another way of solving the problem.

3 2
Since and are similar fractions (fractions with the same denominator), simply add
8 8
the numerators and copy the common denominator.

3 2 3+2 5
+ = =
8 8 8 8

More Examples:

1 3 2 1+3+2 6 2
1. + + = = =
9 9 9 9 9 3

5 10 6 5+10+6 21 1
2. + + = = =1
20 20 20 20 20 20

You could also find the difference of two similar fraction following the same steps.
Simply, subtract the numerator and copy the common denominator. Always express
the answer in lowest term.

Examples:

10 6 10−6 4 2 36 11 36−11 25 4
1. - = = = 2. - = = =1
14 14 14 14 7 21 21 21 21 21

5
You could also add or subtract mixed fractions. Mixed fractions consist of a whole
5 7
number and a fraction like 6 and 14 . How will you add or subtract mixed
13 10
fractions? We first add or subtract the whole number part first, then the fractional
part.

Examples:

1 2 1 2 3
1. 5 + 2 = (5 + 2) + ( + )= 7
4 4 4 4 4

3
7 +
4

5 4 5 4 2
2. 8 + 11 = (8 + 11) + ( + )= 20
7 7 7 7 7

9 2
19 + =1
7 7

4 1 4 1 3
3. 7 - 4 = (7 – 4) +( - )=3
5 5 5 5 5

3
3 +
5

1 3 3 1
4. 9 -3 Observe that you cannot subtract from .
4 4 4 4
4
Therefore, you have to regroup 1 or from 9.
4

4 1 5
(8 + ) + =8
4 4 4

5 3
8 -3 You can now subtract the whole numbers and the
4 4
fractions separately.

5 3 2 1
(8 – 3) + ( - ) = 5 = 5
4 4 4 2

2
5 +
4

You should always remember to simplify or reduce your answer to lowest term.

6
What’s More

A. Fill in the box with the missing number.

3 8 10 7 3
1. + = 4. - = =
18 18 18 15 15

6 4 7
2. 10 +4 = 14 = 14 5. 9 –5=4
25 25 25 12

4 10 14 1
3. 4 + =4 =
12 12 6

B. Perform the indicated operation. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1 3 2 6 2 6
1. + + = a. b. c.
9 9 9 9 3 27

4 2 3 6 6
2. + 13 = a. 13 b. 13 c. 13
8 8 4 8 16

8 3 7 6 5
3. - = a. b. c.
14 14 14 14 14

9 2 11 7 1
4. 18 -9 = a. 9 b. 9 c. 9
21 21 21 21 3

6 10 4 8 16
5. 42 - 20 = a. 21 b. 21 c. 21
20 20 5 10 20

C. Add or subtract. Write the answers in lowest terms.

8 7 3 3
1. + = 4. 6 + +9=
15 15 5 5

1 4 3 2 5
2. 12 + 2 + = 5. 23 - 19 =
5 5 5 9 9

3 3
3. 6 + +9=
5 5

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What I Have Learned

Steps on How to Add and Subtract Similar Fractions and Mixed Fractions

1. To add similar fractions, simply add the ____________________then copy the


common ____________________. Always reduce your final answer to its lowest
term.

2. To subtract similar fractions, just subtract the _____________________ then


copy the common _____________________. Always reduce your final answer to
its lowest term.

3. To add mixed fractions with similar fractions, add the ____________________


parts first, then, add the ____________________. If the sum is equal to1 or
more than 1, rename or _____________________. Always reduce your final
answer to its lowest term.

4. To subtract mixed fractions with similar fractions, subtract the


______________________parts first. Rename or ____________________ the
minuend if needed. Then, subtract the ____________________. Always reduce
your final answer to its lowest term.

8
What I Can Do

A. Find the total.

1 2
1. Baking: cup sugar and cup cornstarch. How many cups in all?
4 4

3 1 5
2. Cooking: 1 cup vinegar, 1 cup soy sauce and 3 cup water. What is
6 6 6
the total liquid?

2 1
3. Eating: egg pie and rice cake. How many in all?
5 5

3 1 5
4. Harvest: 1 crates of mangoes, 2 crates of santol, and3 crates of
8 8 8
bananas. What are the total crates of fruits?

1 3 5
5. Harvest: 3 cavans of rice, 1 cavans of corn, and 2 cavans of
4 4 4
camote. What is the total harvest?

B. Solve for the difference.

6 5
1. - =
11 11

34 18
2. - =
28 28

4 2
3. 15 -
10 10

11 2
4. 55 - 28 =
27 27

21 36
5. 73 - 49 =
45 45

9
Assessment

Match Column A with the correct answer in Column B. Write your answer on your
paper.

Column A Column B
3 7 13
_____ 1. + = A. 43
19 19 16

7 3 2 3
_____ 2. 4 + +8 = B.
15 15 15 16

11 19 3
_____ 3. 25 + 46 = C. 36
36 36 8

22 18 47
_____ 4. 109 + = D. 27
45 45 56

22 18 34 10
_____ 5. 15 + + 37 = E.
60 60 60 19

12 9 8
_____ 6. - = F. 109
16 16 9

27 11 4
_____ 7. _ = G. 12
20 20 5

18 9 4
_____ 8. 86 _ 50 = H.
24 24 5

18 24 7
_____ 9. 44 _ = I. 53
32 32 30

18 27 5
_____ 10. 103 - 75 = J. 71
56 56 6

10
Additional Activities

A. Complete the blanks by finding the sum of the adjacent fractions. Final
sum should be in lowest terms, if necessary. Copy this in your notebook.

4 9 7 1
3 10
15 15 15 15

B. Find the difference.

23 12
1. What is less ?
27 27

7 11
2. Take from 18 .
12 12

7 15
3. Subtract 9 from 85 .
16 16

19 32
4. What is the difference between 75 and 41
39 39

11
Lesson
Addition and Subtraction of
2 Dissimilar Fractions
In the previous lesson, you have learned how to add and subtract similar fractions.
I’m sure you find it easy! But, how about adding and subtracting dissimilar fractions?

So, in this lesson, you will learn how to do it with an additional step.

Let’s start!

What’s In

A. Give the LCD of the following pairs of dissimilar fractions.

3 5 7 5
_____ 1. and _____ 4. and
4 7 8 24

7 7 12 3
_____ 2. and _____ 5. and
9 12 25 20

1 8
_____ 3. and
15 10

B. Change the following dissimilar fractions to similar fractions. Write the


answer on your paper.

4 2 2 5 9
1. , _______________ 4. , , _______________
5 4 5 8 10

3 11 5 13 3
2. , _______________ 5. , , _______________
8 24 6 20 4

7 11
3. , _______________
72 18

12
What’s New

Aling Celo, a dressmaker, is sewing facemasks which she will donate for the
1 2 4
frontliners. She has 3 pieces of cloth which measure as follows: m, m and m. How
2 3 6
many meters of cloth does she have in all?

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the work of Aling Celo?

2. What does she sew?

3. To whom would she donate the facemasks?

4. What is asked in the problem?

13
What is It

Now, let’s solve the problem.

What process should be used to get the answer? Yes, it’s addition.

1 2 4
Let’s add , and step by step.
2 3 6

1 2 4
+ + =N The fractions are dissimilar (different denominators).
2 3 6

1
= Change the fractions to similar by using the least
2 6
common denominator (LCD) which is 6.

2
=
3 6

4
+ =
6 6

Divide the LCD by the denominator then multiply


the quotient by the numerator.

1 3
= (6÷2) x 1= 3
2 6

2 4
= (6÷3) x 2 = 4
3 6

4 4
+ = (6÷6) x 4 = 4
6 6

3 4 4 11
+ + = Add the numerators over the common denominators.
6 6 6 6

11 5
=1 Simplify your answer or reduce to lowest term.
6 6

5
Therefore, Aling Celo has 1 m of cloth.
6

14
Let’s have another example:

3 1
+ =N The fractions are dissimilar (different denominators).
5 6

3
= Change the fractions to similar by using the least
5 30
common denominator (LCD) which is 30.

1
+ =
6 30

Divide the LCD by the denominator then multiply


the quotient by the numerator.

3 18
= (30÷5) x 3 = 18
5 30

1 5
+ = (30÷6) x 1 = 5
6 30

23
Add the numerators over the common denominators.
30

You could also find the difference of two dissimilar fraction following the same steps.

7
9
- 2
3
=N The fractions are dissimilar (different denominators).

7
= Change the fractions to similar by using the least
9 9
common denominator (LCD) which is 9.

- 2
3
=
9

Divide the LCD by the denominator then multiply


the quotient by the numerator.

7 7
= (9÷9) x 7 = 7
9 9

2 6
− = (9÷3) x 2 = 6
3 9

1
9

15
You could subtract mixed fractions with unlike denominators following the same
steps.

Examples:

2 2
12 - 5 = N
3 5

2
12 = 12 The LCD of 3 and 5 is 15.
3 15

2
−5 = 5
5 15

Divide the LCD by the denominator then multiply


the quotient by the numerator.

2 10
12 = 12 (15÷3) x 2 = 10
3 15

2 6
−5 = 5 (15÷5) x 2 = 6
5 15

4
7 Subtract the fractional part then, the whole number.
15

1 3
2 - =N
2 4

1
2 =2 The LCD of 2 and 4 is 4.
2 4

3
- =
4 4

Divide the LCD by the denominator then multiply


the quotient by the numerator.

1 2
2 =2 (4÷2) x 1= 2
2 4

3 3
- = (4÷4) x 3 = 3
4 4

16
2 3
Since < , we cannot subtract.
4 4

2 4 2 6 4
2 = (1 + ) + =1 Therefore, you have to regroup 1 or from 2.
4 4 4 4 4

3
- You can now subtract the fractional part, then whole
4
number.

3
1
4

What’s More

A. Fill in the box with the missing number.

1 1 4 1
1. + = + = 4. - = - =
2 8 8 8 8 5 3 15 15 15

3 1
2. 3 = 3 5. 6 =6 =5
8 8 2 6 6
1 2
+ 2 = 2 - 4 =4 =4
4 8 3 6 6

5 1
8 6

1
3. 4 =4
4 12
1
=
3 12
1
+ =
6 12

4 =4
12

17
B. Add or subtract. Choose the letter of the correct answer inside the box to
discover the word formed.

3 14
A. 4 C. 1 N. 3
8 15

2 23 3
O. 13 T. 14 U. 3
21 24 8

1 3
1. +2 =
2 6

3 4
2. 2 + 10 =
7 6

7 1
3. 3 - =
8 2

3 2
4. 9 -5 =
5 3

7 5
5. 21 -6 =
12 8

C. Perform the indicated operation. Reduce your answer to lowest term.

4 6
1. 4 + =
5 10

3 3 2
2. 9 + +2 =
4 12 3

3 1
3. - =
4 12

1 4
4. 27 - 12 =
4 5

6 7
5. 36 - 13 =
8 9

18
What I Have Learned

Steps on How to Add and Subtract Dissimilar Fractions and Mixed Fractions.

1. To add and subtract dissimilar fractions, find the ____________________ to

make them similar. Divide LCD by the ____________________ then multiply

the quotient by the ____________________. Continue the process using the

steps in adding and subtracting similar fractions.

2. To add and subtract mixed fractions with dissimilar fractions, rewrite the

____________________ parts to similar fractions using the

____________________. Regroup the similar fractions if necessary, then

perform the indicated operation. Write the answer in ____________________

terms, if possible.

19
What I Can Do

A. Last Saturday, Mother bought vegetables and fruits. Study the table below
and answer the questions that follow.

Name of Vegetable/Fruit Bought Weight in Kilograms

3
Eggplant
4
1
Tomatoes
2
5
Squash
6
1
Bananas 1
4
4
Papayas 1
5
2
Mangoes 2
3
1
String beans
3
1
Onions 2
10
4
Garlic 1
7

1. Which is heavier, the eggplants bought or the squash? By how much?

2. How much heavier are the mangoes that Mother bought than papayas?

3. How many kilos heavier are the onions than garlic?

4. Which is lighter, eggplants and tomatoes combined or squash and string


beans combined? by how much?

20
B. Find the total.

1 1 1 3
1. 6 +2 = 4. 28 +7 =
2 3 2 4

1 1 5 9 1
2. + = 5. +7 +1 =
6 2 20 10 2

1 1 1
3. + + =
2 5 10

Assessment

Solve the mathematical sentence in Column A. Then, choose the letter of the correct
answer in Column B. Write your answer on your paper.

Column A Column B

2 1 13
1. + =N A. 19
5 3 45

2 1 1 1
2. + + =N B.
8 4 2 6

1 2 5
3. 3 + =N C. 11
2 3 42

3 1 1 11
4. 7 +2 +1 =N D. 3
5 3 10 24

3 7 2 11
5. 2 +6 + 10 = N E.
5 15 9 15

5 1 5
6. - =N F. 4
12 4 42

12 1 1
7. - =N G. 4
17 4 6

1 7 31
8. 4 - =N H.
3 8 68

7 8
9. 16 - 12 =N I. 1
14 21

2 1 2 1
10. (6 + 7 ) - 2 = N J. 11
7 2 3 30

21
Additional Activities

A. Write YES in the box if the mathematical sentence is correct. If not, write the
correct answer.

5 3 19
1. + =
12 8 24

3 1 2 7
2. 20 + + = 20
4 6 3 12

4 1 1
3. 17 + 8 = 26
5 4 20

1 4 7
4. 8 + 12 + = 31
3 5 15

7 13 23
5. 3+ + =4
9 24 72

B. Solve.

10 15
1. Take from .
15 10

9 3
2. What is less ?
15 10

8 1
3. Subtract 3 from 7 .
15 9

5 6
4. The difference between 9 and 6 is _____.
9 7

7 4
5. 16 minus 4 .
12 8

22
23
Additional Activities: Assessment: What I Can Do:
3
A. 1.
13 1 8 4
A. 4 13 1
15 15 15 2. 6
1. E 2
3
14 3 2. G 3
4 17 5
15 5 3. J 1
4. 7
4. F 8
1
8 5. I 5. 8
22 4
15 6. B 1
11 B. 1.
11
B. 1. 7. H 4
27
1 2.
8. C 7
2. 18 1
3 9. A
1 3. 15
3. 76 5
2 10. D 1
2 4. 27
3
4. 33 2
3
5. 23
3
What’s More:
11
A. 1. What’s In:
18
10 2 What I Know:
2. 14 = 14
25 5 A. 1. ✓
14 2 1 7
3. 4 = 5 =5 1.
12 12 6 4 9
3 1 2. 2. 3
4. = 5
15 5 4
7 3 ✓ 3. 3
5. 4 3 5
12 4. 7
7 4. 1
B. 1. B 1 30
5. 1
2. A 2 5. 8
25 6
3. C B. 1. 4
3 6.
4. C 3 13
2. 2 1
5. A 4 7. 2
1 2
C. 1. 1 3. 1 5
2 8.
2 47 21
2. 15 4. 2
5 4 9. 5
1 75 5
3. 6 5. 1
5 7 10. 8
7 10
4.
19
2
5.3
3
Lesson 1
Answer Key
24
Additional
Activities:
A. 1. yes
7
2. 21 Assessment:
12
3. yes
2
1. E
4. 21 2. I
15
5. yes 3. G
5 4. J
B. 1.
6
3 5. A
2.
10 6. B
26
3. 3 7. H
45
44 8. D
4. 2
63 9. F
1
5. 12 10. C
12
What’s More:
4 1 5
A. 1. ; ,
8 8 8
3 2 5
2. 5 ,5 ,5 What I Can Do:
8 8 8
3 4 2 What’s In:
3. 4 , , , 1
12 12 12 A. 1. ; squash
9 3 12
4 ,4 A. 1. 28 13
12 4 2.
12 5 7 15
4. , , 2. 36 37
15 15 15 3. kilos
3 4 9 3 30 70
5. 6 ,4 ,5 , 4. squash and
6 6 6 4. 24
4 5 string beans;
4 ,1 5. 100
6 6 1
16 10
B. 1. C B. 1. , 12
20 20 5
2. O 9 11 B. 1. 8
2. , 6
3. U 24 24 2
7 44 2.
4. N 3. , 3
72 72
16 25 36 4
5. T 4. , , 3
40 40 40 5
2 1
C. 1. 5 50 39 45 4. 36
5 5. , , 4
2 60 60 60 13
2. 12 5. 9
3 20
2
3.
3
9
4. 14
20
35
5. 22
36
Lesson 2
References
Deped (2020). MELC. Mathematics 6, p.295.

DepEd (2016). K to 12 Curriculum Guide. Mathematics

DepEd (2016). 21st Century Mathletes 6. Learner’s Material.

DepEd (2017). Math 6. Teacher’s Guide. First Edition.

DepEd (2012). Lesson Guides in Elementary Mathematics Grade 6

DepEd. MISOSA Gr.5 Module: Addition of Two to Four Similar Fractions


DepEd. MISOSA Gr.5 Module: Addition of Whole Numbers and Mixed forms
DepEd. MISOSAGr.5 Module: Addition of Mixed Form and Dissimilar Fractions
DepEd. MISOSAGr.5 Module 23: Subtraction of Mixed Numbers Without
Regrouping
DepEd. MISOSAGr.5 Module 24: Subtraction of Mixed Numbers with Regrouping
DepEd. MISOSAGr.5 Module 24: Subtraction of Mixed Numbers with Regrouping
Reyes, Allan S., Li, Bernardo Q.: ConceptualMath and Beyond 6. Novaliches,
Quezon City, Philippines: Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc., 2013.
Menor, Noel M., Calimag, Rogelio M., de Marco, Michelle, Osano, Lany M.: Math
Beyond Excellence Grade 6. Tandang Sora, Quezon City, Philippines: JFC
Publishing House, Inc., 2005.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,


Schools Division of Bataan- Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph

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