NICA L.

MONTEVIRGEN
BSA-2E

Evaluation:E S S A YS

1. What are the provisions of the 1987 Philippine Constitution to the S&T in our
country?

THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES –

ARTICLE XIV

Section 10. Science and technology are essential for national development and
progress. The State shall give priority to research and development, invention,
innovation, and their utilization; and to science and technology education, training,
and services. It shall support indigenous, appropriate, and self-reliant scientific and
technological capabilities, and their application to the country’s productive systems
and national life.

Section 11. The Congress may provide for incentives, including tax deductions, to
encourage private participation in programs of basic and applied scientific research.
Scholarships, grants-in-aid, or other forms of incentives shall be provided to
deserving science students, researchers, scientists, inventors, technologists, and
specially gifted citizens.

Section 12. The State shall regulate the transfer and promote the adaptation of
technology from all sources for the national benefit. It shall encourage the widest
participation of private groups, local governments, and community-based
organizations in the generation and utilization of science and technology.

Section 13. The State shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists,
inventors, artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations,
particularly when beneficial to the people, for such period as may be provided by law.
2. How important are DOST and its attached institutes and related agencies to
Philippine nation-building? Give examples.

The DOST is very important to the Philippine nation-building through scholar

that they’re offering to the student especially those who are into science and
technology. It gives the students to equip themselves with more knowledge and
strengthen their belief; that science and technology will make a huge difference to
improve the lives of every Filipino especially those student who are into it. Through
scholarship that DOST is giving will make the country to drive industry
competitiveness, will accelerate the delivery of the government services and it will
enhance the country’s capacity in emerging technologies.

3. How will the DOST’s Harmonized National R&D Agenda contribute to the
attainment of the middle-class aspirations as stated in AmBisyon Natin 2040 and the
targets of the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022? Give specific examples

The Philippines by 2040 will make the country a prosperous middle class
society wherein no one is poor. People live long and healthy lives and are smart and
innovative. The Philippines is a high-trust society where families thrive in vibrant,
culturally diverse, and resilient communities. Since the embarking on the program of
the growth and poverty under the Philippine Development plan 2017-2022 the
Philippines has gradually transformed to the best performing economies though we
should also draw the lesson from the experience during the previous period which is
the constraint of preventing the poor from permanently exiting poverty should have to
be directly addressed. As these constraint it operate differently depending on the
sectoral location of the poor and the government should make a strategies that needs
to conside the arising geographical of the poor. As a student the government should
have a transparency and accountability in government transactions, in order to
strengthen the public’s trust in government.

4. Name five(5) members in the Order of the National Scientist and specify their
contributions to S&T in the country.
I. Juan S. Salcedo, Jr., M.D. (+), He is a scientist that contributed immensely to the
areas of biochemistry, nutrition, physiology. He is a science administrator to
science policy development, science promotion and scientific manpower
development, he has published 265 works and researches in Philippine and
foreign science journals. Dr. Salcedo is recipient of many awards including the
Ramon Magsaysay award for outstanding public health nutritionist in 1957;
Republic Cultural Heritage award in science, 1966; and the Presidential Pro
Patria award, 1969. During the time of Pres. Quirino, Dr. Salcedo served as
Secretary of Health. He was also chairman of the National Science Development
Board (NSDB) (1963-1970) and chairman of the National Research Council of
the Philippines (1961-1976).

II. Alfredo C. Santos, Dr.phil. (+), He accomplished academic in the fields of

pharmacy and chemistry, he focused on phytochemistry, the study of chemicals
derived from plants. He pioneered studies in the isolation and elucidation (or
identifying the chemical structure) of chemical components from indigenous
Philippine plants.

III. Gregorio Y. Zara, D.Sc. (+), He is best known as the inventor of the videophone,
the first two-way electronic video communicator, in 1955. All told, he patented
30 devices. His other inventions ranged from an alcohol-powered airplane engine
to a solar-powered water heater and stove.

IV. Fe Del Mundo, M.D. (+), He is revolutionized Philippine medicine, making

major breakthroughs in immunization and in the treatment of jaundice, and
providing healthcare to thousands of poor families. She is credited with studies
that led to the invention of the incubator and a jaundice relieving device.

V. Eduardo A. Quisumbing, Ph.D. (+), He is a foremost botanist, Dr. Quisumbing is

pioneer in the study of Philippine medicinal plants where he made tremendous
contribution. His book Medicinal Plants in Philippines is the forerunner of all
researches on medicinal plants in the country. He was author of more than 129
scientific articles published here and abroad.
5. Reflection on week 4

S andT's importance in nation building is enshrined in our Philippine

Constitution. DOST has served, and still serves, to catalyze the nation's SandT
capabilities. Its National Harmonized Research and Development Program (HNRDA)
has identified priority areas to set SandT's direction towards achieving the AmBisyon
Natin 2040, a vision of every Filipino over the next 25 years.
We honor our scientists who have excelled in their fields to encourage other
Filipinos to achieve results in SandT as well. Yet even though the SandT programs in
our country are well established, we are still lagging behind most countries in the
world.
For example, we ranked 55th out of 82 (or 33% of the bottom) countries
surveyed in 2018 in terms of technological maturity, which includes internet access,
digital infrastructure and innovations, such as international patents, RandD spending
and infrastructure. a big jump from our 60th place in 2013.7 This means that we still
have a lot of room for improvement.
We are still perennial problems in S&T that we need to solve. On top of the
list is the so-called “brain-drain”, wherein our Filipino scientists are leaving the
country to serve other countries due to the offer of higher salaries, better
compensation, and better environment. Another is the poor mathematical and
scientific literacy of Filipino high school students, as reported in the Program for
International Student Assessment (PISA) by the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD) in 2018.8 Indeed, we have a long, long way
to go to advance our local S&T capabilities. The important thing is, we are making
our steps forward, even though little, but forward.

Enrichment:

Watch and reflect on “Prometheus Bound” by Agham Nasyunal in YouTube. It is a

30-min documentary video that tackles the science and technology issues in the
Philippines.

Technology in the Philippines. Prometheus a Titan from Greek Mythology

was used to illustrate the situation of Philippines in which he was punished by Zeus
because of introducing fire to humankind but in the end he was saved by Hercules in
which represents the scientists,technologists and engineers.This video is an eye
opener for everyone that Philippines is really getting left behind when it comes to
Science and Technology. The infrastructures and high-technology shouldn’t be the
basis in the concept of development because in the first place, those digital are just
imported from other countries and we are just assembling it.Philippine history has
also a big impact with the state of our economy. Way back then,Philippines were
molded based on the needs of foreigners starting with the Spanish-era. And having
that problem by the government there are foreign people or people that are outside of
our country; they began to build their businesses in the Philippines for them to have a
high profits and they are having an employees that are from the Philippines because
we are known to be a hardworking employees and contented in a small wages that we
are having.
 We are always experiencing of suffering because of the “DAYUHAN” inside
our country to gain high profits instead that we Filipinos should be the one who has a
high profits and they are the one who is working for us. If we cannot resolve this
problem, we are going to experience a big problem and our society will be down. So
being a filipino we should make a solution so that we will not be like this forever by
thinking a new strategies like as registered voters I should vote those into politics that
will make our country great and Filipinos should appreciate our local product than the
foreign product to make our economy high.