Assess Your Understanding

Are You Prepared? Answer are given at the end of these exercises.
1. True or False sin2  = 1- cos 2  .
2. True or False sin (-  ) + cos (-  ) = sin (  ) – cos (  )
Concepts and Vocabulary (Recitation)
3. Suppose that 𝑓 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔 are two functions with the same domain. If 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑓(𝑔) for
every x in the domain, the equation is called a(n) ____________ . Otherwise, it is
called a(n) _________________equation.
4. 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 = ____________.
5. cos  - cos (−) = ____________.
6. True or False sin(−) + sin 
7. True or False In verifying an identity, it is often easiest to just multiply both sides
by a well-chosen nonzero expression involving the variable.
𝜋
8. True or False tan  tan 𝜃 ∙ cos 𝜃 = sin 𝜃 for any tan  ≠ (2𝑘 + 1) 2 .
Skill Building (Problem Set)
9. Simplify each trigonometric expression by following the indicated direction.
a. Rewrite in terms of sine and cosine functions:
tan  ∙ csc .
cos 𝜃 1+ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
b. Mulitiply 𝑏𝑦 . .
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 1+ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
sin 𝜃+ cos 𝜃 cos 𝜃− 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
c. Rewrite over a denominator: +
cos 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
10. Verify each identity
a. cot 𝜃 sin 𝜃 = cos 𝜃 d. cos 𝜃 (tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃 = csc 𝜃
1− sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃
b. (sec 𝜃 − 1) (sec 𝜃 + 1) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 e. + = 2 sec 𝜃
cos 𝜃 1− 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
1− sin 𝜃 sec 𝜃− csc 𝜃
c. = (sec 𝜃 − tan 𝜃)2 f. = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 − cos 𝜃
1+ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 sec 𝜃 csc 𝜃

Applications and Extensions (Problem Set)

11. Searchlights A searchlight at the grand opening of a new car dealership casts a spot of
light on a wall located 75 meters from the searchlight. The acceleration of the spot of light is

found to be . Show that this is equivalent to .

12. Optical Measurement Optical methods of measurement often rely on the interference of
two light waves. If two light waves, identical except for a phase lag, are mixed together, the
resulting intensity, or irradiance, is given by:

Show that this is equivalent to

Explaining Concepts: Discussion and Writing (Recitation)
13. Write a few paragraphs outlining your strategy for establishing identities.
14. Write down the three Pythagorean Identities.
15. Why do you think it is usually preferable to start with the side containing the
more complicated expression when establishing an identity?
16. Make up an identity that is not a Fundamental Identity.